hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Academic and legal responses to the Gaza genocide
Numerous scholars and legal experts have made assessments of the conduct of Israel in the Gaza genocide. Since late 2023, a growing number of experts have accused the Israeli government of committing genocide in Gaza, including within the fields of genocide studies, Holocaust studies, history, and international law.

In late 2023, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation reported that "A growing number of academics, legal scholars and governments are accusing the Israeli government of carrying out a genocide". In December 2024, MSNBC anchorman Ayman Mohyeldin and his producer Basel Hamdan said "a growing list of genocide scholars and international law experts" describe Israeli actions as genocide.

Holocaust studies
Holocaust studies, or sometimes Holocaust research, is a scholarly discipline that encompasses the historical research and study of the Holocaust. Institutions dedicated to Holocaust research investigate the multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary aspects of Holocaust methodology, demography, sociology, and psychology. It also covers the study of Nazi Germany, World War II, Jewish history, antisemitism, religion, Christian-Jewish relations, Holocaust theology, ethics, social responsibility, and genocide on a global scale. Exploring trauma, memories, and testimonies of the experiences of Holocaust survivors, human rights, international relations, Jewish life, Judaism, and Jewish identity in the post-Holocaust world are also covered in this type of research.
Lynwood Palmer
James Lynwood Palmer (1868–1941) was an English painter who specialised in painting race-horses, his characteristic style showing them as nervous and highly-strung, often depicted within a background of a dramatic landscape. His success as a leading equestrian portrait painter of the first half of the twentieth century is represented by around eight hundred paintings that were commissioned by clients,
almost exclusively from private patrons, who included: William Cavendish-Bentinck, 6th Duke of Portland (1857–1943) (notably The Duke of Portland's stallions at Welbeck Stud ) (1900), Daisy Greville, Countess of Warwick (1861–1938) and King George V (1865–1936). He rarely exhibited his work to the public.

William Cavendish-Bentinck, 6th Duke of Portland
William Arthur Charles Cavendish-Bentinck, 6th Duke of Portland, KG, GCVO, GCStJ, TD, PC, DL (28 December 1857 – 26 April 1943) was a British landowner, courtier, and Conservative politician. He notably served as Master of the Horse between 1886 and 1905.
8 Star Motorsports
8 Star Motorsports LLC is a sports car racing team founded by racing driver Enzo Potolicchio in 2012. The team currently races in the United SportsCar Championship PC class and the Cooper Tires Prototype Lites L1.

IMSA Prototype Challenge
IMSA Prototype Challenge (formerly IMSA Prototype Lites) was a racing series featuring two classes of single-seat prototype cars racing simultaneously. The series was sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA). Most races were held in support of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship. The series raced LMP3 class prototype sportscars. The cars have grown in size and speed since its 2006 introduction, starting from four-cylinder and motorcycle powered race cars to large V8 powered cars. Each race was 1 hour and 45 minutes long apart from the season opening 3 hour race at Daytona International Speedway.

The series' final season was in 2022. For 2023, the series was replaced with the IMSA VP Racing SportsCar Challenge.
Vicente Francisco
Vicente J. Francisco y Santos (July 19, 1890 – May 8, 1974) was a Filipino jurist and politician. Known as one of the best Filipino lawyers of his time, he was part of the 1934 Constitutional Convention, and served in the Senate of the Philippines from 1946 to 1949.

1934 Philippine Constitutional Convention election
Election of delegates to the 1934 Philippine Constitutional Convention was held on July 10, 1934, in accordance with the Tydings–McDuffie Act.

The Convention drafted the 1935 Constitution, which was the basic law of the Philippines under the American-sponsored Commonwealth of the Philippines and the post-War, sovereign Third Republic.
Otto Philipp Braun
Otto Philipp Braun (13 December 1798 – 24 July 1869), also known as Felipe Braun during his time in South America, was one of the most successful foreign volunteers participating in the independence war of South America. He was an important supporter of Simon Bolívar and Antonio José de Sucre and later of Andrés de Santa Cruz. In 1838 Braun was awarded the title “Great Marshal of Montenegro” being Bolivia's only Great Marshal and South America's only foreign Marshal to this day.

Andrés de Santa Cruz
Andrés de Santa Cruz y Calahumana (Spanish pronunciation: [anˈdɾes ðe ˈsanta ˈkɾus] ⓘ; 30 November 1792 – 25 September 1865) was a Peruvian-Bolivian general and politician who served as interim president of Peru in 1827, the interim president of Peru from 1836 to 1838 and the sixth president of Bolivia from 1829 to 1839. He also served as Supreme Protector of the short-lived Peru-Bolivian Confederation from 1836 to 1839, a political entity created mainly by his personal endeavors.
Castle Buildings
Castle Buildings is the name given to a group of Northern Ireland Executive buildings in the Stormont Estate in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The complex is notable as the location of the negotiations leading to the Good Friday Agreement.

Castle Buildings are the headquarters for the Department of Health and the Department of Justice, who it was announced would be based in two offices on the first floor on 29 July 2009. The group of buildings is also used by the Executive Office and previously by the Northern Ireland Office.

Executive Office (Northern Ireland)
The Executive Office (TEO) is a devolved Northern Ireland government department in the Northern Ireland Executive with overall responsibility for the running of the Executive. The ministers with overall responsibility for the department are the First Minister and deputy First Minister.

The department was originally known as the Office of the First Minister and deputy First Minister (OFMDFM), with the same capitalisation used in the department's logo. Following a change in policy in 2007 (see First Minister and deputy First Minister), the word "deputy" was then spelt with a lower-case d, but the older version of the name was retained in the logo. In May 2016, the department was renamed The Executive Office as a result of the Fresh Start Agreement.
Bani (letter)
Bani, or Ban (Asomtavruli: Ⴁ; Nuskhuri: ⴁ; Mkhedruli: ბ; Mtavruli Ბ; Georgian: ბანი, ბან) is the 2nd letter of the three Georgian scripts.

In the system of Georgian numerals, it has a value of 2.
Bani commonly represents the voiced bilabial plosive /b/, like the pronunciation of ⟨b⟩ in "boy". It is typically romanized with the letter B.

B
B, or b, is the second letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is bee (pronounced /ˈbiː/ ⓘ), plural bees.

It represents the voiced bilabial stop in many languages, including English. In some other languages, it is used to represent other bilabial consonants.
Kunta-Hajji
Kunta-Ḥājjī al-Iliskhānī (Kishiev) (Chechen: Киши КӀант Кунт-Хьаж, romanized: Kishi K'ant Kunt-X́až; c. 1800 – 1867) was a Chechen Muslim mystic, the founder of a Sufi branch named Zikrism, and an ideologue of nonviolence and passive resistance. He was a follower of the Qadiriyya Sufi order.

Qadiri Order
The Qadiriyya (Arabic: القادرية) or the Qadiri order (Arabic: الطريقة القادرية, romanized: al-Ṭarīqa al-Qādiriyya) is a Sunni Sufi order (tariqa) founded by Abdul Qadir Gilani (1077–1166, also transliterated Jilani), who was a Hanbali scholar from Gilan, Iran.

The order, with its many sub-orders, is widespread. Its members are present in India, Bangladesh, China, Turkey, Indonesia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, the Balkans, Russia, Palestine, as well as East, West and North Africa.
Inspector Notty K
Inspector Notty K is a 2018 Indian Bengali language romantic comedy film, directed by Ashok Pati and produced by Jeet, Nispal Singh, Gopal Madnani, Amit Jumrani, Joydeep Roy Chowdhury and Abdul Aziz. It is a remake of the 2013 Punjabi film Jatt & Juliet 2. Jeet stars as the titular character alongside Nusrat Faria, the two starring in their third film together after Badsha – The Don (2016) and Boss 2: Back to Rule (2017).

Nusraat Faria
Nusraat Faria Mazhar (born as Faria Shetu; born 8 September 1993) is a Bangladeshi film actress, model, singer, television presenter and radio jockey who mostly works in Dhallywood and Tollywood films.

Nusraat Faria started her career as a model, appearing in various television commercials and print advertisements.

Nusraat made her acting debut in Dhallywood with the film Aashiqui (2015), She played the lead role opposite Ankush Hazra, and the film was a commercial success. Following the success of her debut film, Nusraat appeared in several other popular movies such as Hero 420 (2016), Badsha – The Don (2016), Premi O Premi (2017) and Boss 2: Back to Rule (2017).

She played the role of Sheikh Hasina in the Bangabandhu biopic, Mujib: The Making of a Nation.
149-151 George Street, The Rocks
149–151 George Street, The Rocks is a heritage-listed duty-free store complex and former retail building and residence located at 149–151 George Street, in the inner city Sydney suburb of The Rocks in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1913 to 1913. It is also known as part of the Duty Free Store complex. The property is owned by Property NSW, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 10 May 2002.

147 George Street, The Rocks
147 George Street, The Rocks is a heritage-listed former retail building and residence and now duty-free store complex located at 147 George Street, in the inner city Sydney suburb of The Rocks in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was built during 1914. It is also known as part of a Duty Free Store complex. The property is owned by Property NSW, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 10 May 2002.
Brown marmorated stink bug
The brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys) is an insect in the family Pentatomidae, native to China, Japan, Korea, and other Asian regions. In September 1998, it was collected in Allentown, Pennsylvania, where it is believed to have been accidentally introduced. The nymphs and adults of the brown marmorated stink bug feed on over 100 species of plants, including many agricultural crops, and by 2010–11 had become a season-long pest in orchards in the Eastern United States. In 2010, in the Mid-Atlantic United States, $37 million in apple crops were lost, and some stone fruit growers lost more than 90% of their crops. Since the 2010s, the bug has spread to countries such as Georgia and Turkey and caused extensive damage to hazelnut production. It is now established in many parts of North America, and has recently become established in Europe and South America.

Hazelnut
The hazelnut is the fruit of the hazel tree and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana. They are also known as cobnuts or filberts according to species.

Hazelnuts are used as a snack food, in baking and desserts, and in breakfast cereals such as muesli. In confectionery, they are used to make praline, and also used in combination with chocolate for chocolate truffles and products such as chocolate bars and hazelnut cocoa spreads such as Nutella. They are also used in Frangelico liqueur. Hazelnut oil, pressed from hazelnuts, is strongly flavored and high in monounsaturated fat. It is used as a cooking oil and as a salad or vegetable dressing.

In 2023, Turkey was the world's largest producer of hazelnuts, accounting for 57.7% of total production.
The Old Man and the Key
"The Old Man and the Key" is the thirteenth episode of the thirteenth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It first aired in the United States on the Fox network on March 10, 2002. In the episode, Grampa Simpson falls in love with Zelda, a woman who has just moved into the senior home in which Grampa lives. However, Grampa is not the only one in the home who is infatuated with Zelda.

The episode was written by Jon Vitti and directed by Lance Kramer. The storyline was pitched by Vitti, who based it on an article about social status in senior homes. The episode features Olympia Dukakis as Zelda, and Bill Saluga as his television character Ray J. Johnson. The song "Ode to Branson", which was written by Vitti and composed by Alf Clausen, was submitted for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music And Lyrics in 2002, which it ultimately lost to a score from The Blue Planet.   The episode was the origin of the "Old man yells at cloud" meme.

Grampa Simpson
Abraham Jay "Abe" Simpson II, better known as Grampa Simpson, is a recurring character in the animated television series The Simpsons. He made his first appearance in 1988 in the episode entitled "Grandpa and the Kids", a one-minute Simpsons short on The Tracey Ullman Show, before the debut of the television show in 1989.

Grampa Simpson is voiced by Dan Castellaneta, who also voices his son, Homer Simpson. He is the paternal grandfather of Bart, Lisa and Maggie Simpson. In the 1,000th issue of Entertainment Weekly, Grampa was selected as the "Grandpa for The Perfect TV Family". Grampa is a World War II veteran and retired farmer who was later sent to the Springfield Retirement Castle by Homer. He is known for his long, rambling, often incoherent and irrelevant stories and senility.
China Wind (company)
China Wind Power International Corp (China Wind) TSX-V: CNW was a Toronto, Ontario based wind power company which developed and operated wind farms in Heilongjiang Province.  It had indirect exclusive rights for wind energy development in Du Mon County.

On July 8, 2009, the Company completed its merger with Berkshire Griffin Inc. (Berkshire).

On August 5, 2009, the company begin trading on the (TSX Venture Exchange). Effective October 13, 2016, the company sold all its remaining assets to British Virgin Islands-based Ruihao Trust, its shares were delisted and the company dissolved.

TSX Venture Exchange
The TSX Venture Exchange is a stock exchange in Canada. It is headquartered in Calgary, Alberta and Vancouver, British Columbia, with offices in Toronto and Montreal. All trading through the Exchange is done electronically, so the Exchange does not have a "trading floor".  It was previously known as the Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX), but in 2001 the TSX Group (now known as the TMX Group) purchased it and renamed it.

The TMX Group also owns the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). The Toronto Stock Exchange is the senior equity market, while the TSX Venture Exchange is a public venture capital marketplace for emerging companies.

As of November 2010, the TSX Venture Exchange had 2,364 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of $60,811,203,235.
Raphael Augusto
Raphael Augusto Santos da Silva (born 6 March 1991) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bangladesh Premier League club Bashundhara Kings . Known for midfield skills, he enjoyed success in India and Bangladesh, most notably by winning two Indian Super League titles with Chennaiyin.

Bangladesh Football League
The Bangladesh Football League (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ ফুটবল লিগ), simply known as the BFL, is the top tier of the Bangladeshi football league system. It is run by the Bangladesh Football Federation (BFF). The Dhaka derby between Dhaka Abahani and Mohammedan is one of the league's most popular matches.

The BFL superseded the Dhaka Premier Division League which had functioned as the top tier from 1948 to 2006. The league name was changed from Bangladesh Premier League to Bangladesh Football League in 2025 because the spelling clashed with the similarly-named cricket league.
Uganda National Mosque
The Uganda National Mosque (Arabic: مسجد أوغندة الوطني), previously known as the Gaddafi National Mosque, is a mosque located at Kampala Hill in the Old Kampala area of Kampala, Uganda. It is the largest mosque in East Africa in a country where, as of 2014, 13.7% of the population was Muslim.

Completed in 2006, it accommodates up to 15,000 worshipers and can hold another 1,100 in the gallery, while the sahn caters for another 3,500 worshipers. Former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi commissioned the mosque as a gift to Uganda, and for the benefit of the Muslim population. The mosque's 50.5-metre (166 ft) minaret defines the city's skyline.

Islam in Uganda
Islam in Uganda is the second largest religion in the country behind Christianity. Islam is practised by around 14% of the population. However claims by Islamic groups suggest that Islam in Uganda stands at a potentially higher percentage of up to 35%. The Pew Research Center in 2014, however, estimated that 11.5 percent of Ugandans were Muslim. The vast majority of Muslims in Uganda are Sunni. Small Shia and Ahmadi minorities are also present.

The Iganga District in the east of Uganda had the highest percentage of Muslims according to a 2009 published report.
Pumpkin pie spice
Pumpkin pie spice, also known as pumpkin spice, is an American spice mix developed for flavoring the filling of a pumpkin pie. It does not include pumpkin as an ingredient.

Pumpkin pie spice is similar to the British and Commonwealth mixed spice, and the medieval poudre-douce. It is generally a blend of ground cinnamon, nutmeg, ginger, cloves, and sometimes allspice. It can also be used as a seasoning in general cooking.

As of 2016, pumpkin spice consumables produce $500 million in annual sales.

Nutmeg
Nutmeg is the seed, or the ground spice derived from the seed, of several tree species of the genus Myristica; fragrant nutmeg or true nutmeg (M. fragrans) is a dark-leaved evergreen tree cultivated for two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg, from its seed, and mace, from the seed covering. It is also a commercial source of nutmeg essential oil and nutmeg butter. The Banda Islands, in Maluku, Indonesia, are the main producer of nutmeg and mace, and the true nutmeg tree is native to the islands.

Nutmeg and mace, commonly used as food spices, have been traditionally employed for their psychoactive and aphrodisiac effects, though clinical evidence is lacking. High doses can cause serious toxic effects including acute psychosis, with risks heightened during pregnancy and with psychiatric conditions.

Conifers of the genus Torreya, commonly known as the nutmeg yews, have edible seeds of similar appearance, but are not closely related to M. fragrans, and are not used as a spice.
Taylor Flint
Taylor Jacklyn Flint (née Kornieck; born November 22, 1998) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Racing Louisville FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She previously played for San Diego Wave FC and the Orlando Pride. She was the third overall pick of the 2020 NWSL College Draft after playing for the Colorado Buffaloes. She debuted for the United States national team in 2022.

Racing Louisville FC
Racing Louisville Football Club is an American professional soccer team based in Louisville, Kentucky, that competes in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). Their second team plays in the USL W League. It began playing in 2021 at Lynn Family Stadium. The team is owned by Soccer Holdings LLC. The expansion team was announced on October 22, 2019. Currently, they are the only major professional team to play in the state of Kentucky.
Ptolemaic navy
The Ptolemaic navy was the naval force of the Ptolemaic Kingdom and later empire from 305 to 30 BC. It was founded by King Ptolemy I. Its main naval bases were at Alexandria, Egypt and Nea Paphos (New Paphos) in Cyprus. It operated in the East Mediterranean in the Aegean Sea, the Levantine Sea, but also on the river Nile and in the Red Sea towards the Indian Ocean.

Eastern Mediterranean
The Eastern Mediterranean is a loosely delimited region comprising the easternmost portion of the Mediterranean Sea, and well as the adjoining land—often defined as the countries around the Levantine Sea. It includes the southern half of Turkey's main region, Anatolia; its smaller Hatay Province; the island of Cyprus; the Greek Dodecanese islands; and the countries of Egypt, Israel, Palestine, Syria and Lebanon.

Its broadest uses can encompass the Libyan Sea (thus Libya), the Aegean Sea (thus European Turkey and the mainland and islands of Greece), and the Ionian Sea (thus southern Albania in Southeast Europe) and can extend west to Italy's farthest south-eastern coasts. Although Jordan does not border the Mediterranean Sea, it is sometimes included in broader Levantine or Eastern Mediterranean frameworks for historical, cultural, or political analysis.
Naga Story: The Other Side of Silence
Naga Story: The Other Side of Silence is a 2003 documentary film by Indian film maker Gopal Menon. The film  provides an introduction to the history of the Struggle by Naga people in North- East frontier of the Indian subcontinent, and documents the human rights abuses suffered by the Naga people in more than 50 years of the existence of Independent India. The Naga political struggle is one of the oldest nationality movements in South Asia, continuing till present times.  This film, which took 5 years to complete, is the first comprehensive film about the Naga struggle for identity, peace, and justice.

This film was the Winner of the "Spirit of the Himalayas" First Prize at Netherlands Himalayas Film Festival, Amsterdam, 2004. This Film was withdrawn from Mumbai International Film Festival 2004 by Film Makers along with 6 other films as part of the Campaign Against Censorship by Indian filmmakers and screened at the Protest film festival Vikalp

Vikalp
Vikalp (Films for Freedom) is a network of documentary filmmakers and others interested in this issue, from India. It defines itself as a "platform to defend freedom of expression and to resist censorship." Currently, India has a film certification (earlier called a censorship) board, the functioning of which has raises concerns specially among documentary filmmakers. Vikalp has an associated website called Films For Freedom.
Ranko Krivokapić
Ranko Krivokapić (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Ранко Кривокапић; born August 17, 1961) is a Montenegrin politician who served as the minister of foreign affairs from April to October 2022. He is a former long-term President of the Parliament of Montenegro from 2003 to 2016, and the President of the Social Democratic Party (SDP) from 2002 until his resignation in 2017. He is currently the honorary president of the SDP. He is the longest-serving President of the Parliament of Montenegro in the country's history.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Montenegro)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova u Vladi Crne Gore / Министарство вањских послова у Владе Црне Горе) is the foreign-affairs ministry in the Government of Montenegro.