hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Twelvefold way
In combinatorics, the twelvefold way is a systematic classification of 12 related enumerative problems concerning two finite sets, which include the classical problems of counting permutations, combinations, multisets, and partitions either of a set or of a number. The idea of the classification is credited to Gian-Carlo Rota, and the name was suggested by Joel Spencer.

Gian-Carlo Rota
Gian-Carlo Rota (April 27, 1932 – April 18, 1999) was an Italian-American mathematician and philosopher. He spent most of his career at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he worked in combinatorics, functional analysis, probability theory, and phenomenology.
2021–22 Kategoria e Parë
The 2021–22 Kategoria e Parë was the 74th official season of the Albanian football second-tier since its establishment. The season began on 11 September 2021 and ended on 7 May 2022. There were 16 teams competing this season. The winning and runner-up teams gained promotion to the 2022-23 Kategoria Superiore. The promotion play-offs winner played a promotion play-off match against the 8th ranked team of the 2021–22 Kategoria Superiore. Bylis and Erzeni were promoted to the 2022–23 Kategoria Superiore. Butrinti, Maliqi, Pogradeci, Shkumbini and Vora were relegated to the 2022–23 Kategoria e Dytë.

KF Erzeni Shijak
Klubi i Futbollit Erzeni Shijak is an Albanian football club based in Shijak. They currently compete in the Kategoria e Dytë, which is the third tier of Albanian football, and they play their home games at the Tefik Jashari Stadium.
Decision Pending
Decision Pending is a bronze sculpture located in the city of Brighton, Michigan. The statue is located near the Brighton Mill Pond Park on the North side of Main Street; it stands at five feet tall and is 20 inches wide. The statue is a dis-proportioned naked man standing upright. The statue was created by artist Jay Holland and was donated to the city by a citizen’s group as part of the 2006 Brighton Biennial, a project designed to fill the downtown area with pieces of outdoor art. Due to its controversial subject matter and its proximity to the Brighton World War 2 memorial the sculpture has been the topic of much public debate and has been the topic of many articles in the Livingston County Daily Press & Argus.

Brighton, Michigan
Brighton is a city in Livingston County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, its population was 7,446. Brighton forms part of the South Lyon-Howell-Brighton Urban Area. It is one of two incorporated cities in Livingston County and incorporates land that was part of Brighton, Green Oak, and Genoa townships.
Huta Lubycka
Huta Lubycka [ˈxuta luˈbɨt͡ska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubycza Królewska, within Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine.

Gmina Lubycza Królewska
Gmina Lubycza Królewska is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, on the border with Ukraine. Its seat is the village of Lubycza Królewska, which lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-east of Tomaszów Lubelski and 123 km (76 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 208.9 square kilometres (80.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,115 (6,487 in 2013).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called South Roztocze Landscape Park.
The Duchess of Dantzic
The Duchess of Dаntzic is a comic opera in three acts, set in Paris, with music by Ivan Caryll and a book and lyrics by Henry Hamilton, based on the play Madame Sans-Gêne by Victorien Sardou and Émile Moreau.  Additional lyrics are by Adrian Ross. The story concerns Napoleon I and a laundress, Catherine Üpscher, who marries Marshal Lefebvre and becomes a Duchess.

The opera was first produced in London at the Lyric Theatre in 1903 and ran for 236 performances. Subsequently, it enjoyed a successful New York production at Daly's Theatre and other productions around the world, and it was revived in London and performed regularly by amateur theatre groups, particularly in Britain, until the 1950s.

Adrienne Augarde
Adrienne Adele Augarde (12 May 1882 – 17 March 1913) was an English actress and singer popular for nearly a decade on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, primarily for her roles in Edwardian musical comedy.

She began her career in 1898 in pantomime and small roles in musical comedy and opera, before gaining wide popularity playing leading roles in the popular musicals produced by George Edwardes. She also appeared in a few dramas. After starring in a number of long-running productions in London and New York from 1903 to 1912, Augarde embarked on an American vaudeville tour.  During the tour, she fell ill and died, after a failed appendectomy, at the age of 30.
Green Line (Chennai Metro)
The Green Line is one of the two operational lines of Chennai Metro apart from the Blue line in the city of Chennai. The line stretches from Chennai Central to St. Thomas Mount, covering a distance of 22 km (14 mi). The line consists of 17 stations out of which nine stations are underground and the rest are elevated or on ground level.

Planning for the metro started in 2007-08 with the construction commencing in February 2009. Testing began in 2014, and the Commissioner of Metro Rail Safety approved the operations in January 2015. On 29 June 2015, commercial operations started between Alandur and Koyambedu stations on the green line with the first underground section between Thirumangalam to Nehru Park operational on 14 May 2017, which was later extended to Chennai Central on 25 May 2018.

St. Thomas Mount railway station
St. Thomas Mount railway station, locally known as Mount railway station or Parangimalai station, is one of the railway stations of the Chennai Beach–Chengalpattu section of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network. It serves the neighbourhood of St. Thomas Mount and Pazhavanthangal, which are suburbs of Chennai. It is located at a distance of 17 km (11 mi) from Chennai Beach terminus, with an elevation of 11 m (36 ft) above sea level.

The station is also an integrated railway station for all the three modes of rail transport in the city, namely, Chennai suburban railway, MRTS, and Metro Rail. The MRTS part is under construction.
24th Rifle Corps
The 24th Rifle Corps was a corps of the Red Army. It was part of the 27th Army and took part in the Great Patriotic War. It appears to have been initially formed in the Kalinin Military District, around what is today Tver, in 1939 during the Soviet invasion of Poland. In 1940 it was relocated to Soviet-occupied Latvia with units of the dissolved Latvian Army added to the corps.

Latvian National Armed Forces
The Latvian National Armed Forces (Latvian: Latvijas Nacionālie bruņotie spēki; NBS), are the armed forces of Latvia. Latvia's defense concept is based on a mobile, professional rapid response force and a reserve segment that can be called upon relatively fast for mobilization should the need arise. The National Armed Forces consists of Land Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force and National Guard. Its main tasks are to protect the territory of the State; participate in international military operations; and to prevent threats to national security.
Harmony Hill High School
Harmony Hill High School was a Catholic girls boarding school in Watertown, South Dakota. It was built in 1967 and operated as a high school until 1974. From 1972 to 1995 the building was used for adult education. The building was demolished in 1997 to build the current Mother of God Monastery.

Watertown, South Dakota
Watertown is a city in and the county seat of Codington County, South Dakota, United States. Watertown is home to the Redlin Art Center, which houses many of the works of Terry Redlin, one of the nation's most popular wildlife artists. Watertown is between Pelican Lake and Lake Kampeska, from which Redlin derived inspiration for his artwork.

The population was 22,655 at the 2020 census, making Watertown South Dakota's 5th-most populous city. It is also the principal city of the Watertown Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Codington County. It is home to the Bramble Park Zoo. Watertown's residential real estate is considered the most expensive in South Dakota for cities of its size; the median price for a home in Watertown was approximately $200,000 as of 2013.
Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme
The Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme (PACS) is a scheme developed in 1970 by the American Institute of Physics (AIP) for classifying scientific literature using a hierarchical set of codes. PACS has been used by over 160 international journals, including the Physical Review series since 1975. Since 2016, American Physical Society introduced the PhySH (Physics Subject Headings) system instead of PACS.

American Institute of Physics
The American Institute of Physics (AIP) promotes science and the profession of physics, publishes physics journals, and produces publications for scientific and engineering societies. The AIP is made up of various member societies. Its corporate headquarters are at the American Center for Physics in College Park, Maryland, but the institute also has offices in Melville, New York, and Beijing.
Iván Héjjas
Iván Héjjas (19 January 1890 – December 1950) was a Hungarian anti-communist soldier and paramilitary commander in the years following the First World War. He played eminent role in the anti-communist and anti-Semitic purges and massacres during the White Terror in the period between 1919 and 1921. As a member of various far-right groups and parties, he was a member of parliament from 1927 to 1931.

White Terror (Hungary)
The White Terror (Hungarian: Fehér Terror) was a two-year period (1919–1921) of repressive violence in Hungary carried out by counter-revolutionary soldiers against the real and alleged supporters of the short-lived Hungarian Soviet Republic and its Red Terror, especially against the Jews perceived as its main supporters. Tens of thousands were imprisoned without trial. Estimates for the number murdered between 1919 and 1921 range from 1500 to 5000. Assuming all Jews were traitors and communists, far-right militias raped, robbed, and massacred them.
Mount Nabi Yunis, Palestine
Nabi Yunis (Arabic: جبل النبي يونس) is the highest point of the Judean Mountains and the southern portion of the West Bank, with an altitude of 1,030 metres (3,380 ft). It is located in the town of Halhul, Hebron Governorate.

Halhul
Halhul (Arabic: حلحول, transliteration: Ḥalḥūl) is a Palestinian city located in the southern part of the West Bank, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of Hebron in the Hebron Governorate of Palestine. The town, bordered by Sa'ir and al-Shuyukh to the east, Beit Ummar and al-Arroub refugee camp to the north, and Kharas and Nuba westwards, is located 916 m above sea level, and is the highest inhabited place in the State of Palestine. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the city had a population of 27,031 inhabitants in 2017.
Waldo County, Maine
Waldo County is a county in the state of Maine, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,607.  Its county seat is Belfast. The county was founded on February 7, 1827, from a portion of Hancock County and named after Brigadier-General Samuel Waldo, proprietor of the Waldo Patent.

Waldo Patent
The Waldo Patent, a letters patent also known as the Muscongus Patent or the Lincolnshire Patent, was a document granting title to 36 square miles (9,300 ha) of land in what is now the U.S. state of Maine.  It is named variously for businessman Samuel Waldo, who eventually gained control of the patent, and for the Muscongus River, one of the grant's boundaries.
Mitten wir im Leben sind (Mendelssohn)
Mitten wir im Leben sind is a motet by Felix Mendelssohn as the third and final part of his Kirchenmusik, Op. 23, described as a "small choral work", for SSAATTBB choir, a cappella in the key of C minor in cut time. The text was written by Martin Luther, based on the Latin antiphon "Media vita in morte sumus" (in the midst of life we are in death). The motet was published in 1830.

Mitten wir im Leben sind
"Mitten wir im Leben sind mit dem Tod umfangen" ("In the Midst of Life we are in Death") is a Lutheran hymn, with words written by Martin Luther based on the Latin antiphon "Media vita in morte sumus". The hymn in three stanzas was first published in 1524. The hymn inspired composers from the Renaissance to contemporary to write chorale preludes and vocal compositions. Catherine Winkworth translated Luther's song to English in 1862. It has appeared in hymnals of various denominations.
Anna Daly
Anna Daly (born 10 March 1977) is an Irish television and radio presenter. She worked for TV3 from 2008-2021 and was a presenter on TV3's breakfast show , Ireland AM and former weekend breakfast show Weekend AM.

Daly was born in Dublin and graduated with an international marketing degree from the Marketing Institute of Ireland. She spent four years working in sponsorship and marketing for TV3, eventually becoming the station's Marketing Manager.

She married Ben Ward in Portugal in September 2008. They have three sons.

In 2008, Daly was nominated for Image Magazine's Young Business Woman of the Year. She has also won at the TV Now Awards.

In 2021 Daly moved from Virgin Media Television to the national broadcaster RTÉ, presenting shows including Hospital Live, Future Island  and Zoo Live TV  series.

Virgin Media One
Virgin Media One, also called Virgin One, is an Irish free-to-air television channel owned by Virgin Media Ireland (part of Liberty Global), operated through its subsidiary Virgin Media Television. The channel launched on 20 September 1998, as TV Three, becoming Ireland's fourth television channel and the first commercial channel. It was known as TV3 from 2006, and then as Virgin Media One from 30 August 2018. The channel broadcasts a mix of Irish programming and acquired programming from ITV and other networks.
Georges Vandenberghe
Georges Vandenberghe (Oostrozebeke, 28 December 1941 — Bruges, 23 September 1983) was a professional Belgian cyclist.

Vandenberghe participated in 7 Tours de France between 1965 and 1971. His best tour was the 1968 Tour de France, where he wore the yellow jersey for 11 days, and finished 18th in the overall classification.

1968 Tour de France
The 1968 Tour de France was the 55th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It took place between 27 June and 21 July, with 22 stages covering a distance of 4,492 km (2,791 mi). Eleven national teams of 10 riders competed, with three French teams, two Belgian teams and one from Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, and a combined Swiss/Luxembourgian team.

The 1968 Tour marked the first time the race would end at the Vélodrome de Vincennes, replacing the now-defunct Parc des Princes Velodrome which served as the final stop from 1904 to 1967. The general classification was won by Jan Janssen, who overtook Herman Van Springel in the final time trial.
Love's Berries
Love's Berries (Russian: «Ягoдка любви», romanized: Yagodka lyubvi, Ukrainian: «Ягідка кохання», romanized: Yahidka kokhannia) is a 1926 Soviet comedy film by Ukrainian director Oleksandr Dovzhenko. The film was Dovzhenko's debut, and the screenplay was written in three days. It deals with a dandified barber's attempts to get rid of his "love berry" — his illegitimate offspring.

Alexander Dovzhenko
Alexander Petrovich Dovzhenko, also Oleksandr Petrovych Dovzhenko (Russian: Александр Петрович Довженко, Ukrainian: Олександр Петрович Довженко; September 10 [O.S. August 29] 1894 – November 25, 1956), was a Soviet film director and screenwriter of Ukrainian origin. He is often cited as one of the most important early Soviet filmmakers, alongside Sergei Eisenstein, Dziga Vertov, and Vsevolod Pudovkin, as well as being a pioneer of Soviet montage theory.
Stage Door
Stage Door is a 1937 American tragicomedy film directed by Gregory La Cava, and starring Katharine Hepburn, Ginger Rogers, Adolphe Menjou, Gail Patrick, Constance Collier, Andrea Leeds, Samuel S. Hinds, and Lucille Ball. Adapted from the 1936 play of the same name, it tells the story of several would-be actresses who live together in a boarding house at 158 West 58th Street in New York City. It was produced and distributed by RKO Pictures. Eve Arden and Ann Miller, who became notable in later films, play minor characters.

The film was adapted by Morrie Ryskind and Anthony Veiller from the play by Edna Ferber and George S. Kaufman, but the play's storyline and the characters' names were almost completely changed for the movie, so much so in fact that Kaufman joked the film should be called "Screen Door".

Gail Patrick
Gail Patrick (born Margaret LaVelle Fitzpatrick; June 20, 1911 – July 6, 1980) was an American film actress and television producer. Often cast as the bad girl or the other woman, she appeared in more than 60 feature films between 1932 and 1948, notably My Man Godfrey (1936), Stage Door (1937), and My Favorite Wife (1940).

After retiring from acting, she became, as Gail Patrick Jackson, president of Paisano Productions and executive producer of the Perry Mason television series (1957–1966). She was one of the first female producers, and the only female executive producer in prime time during the nine years Perry Mason was on the air. She served two terms (1960–1962) as vice president of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences and as president of its Hollywood chapter—the first woman to serve in a leadership capacity in the academy, and its only female leader until 1983.
Kunita–Watanabe inequality
In stochastic calculus, the Kunita–Watanabe inequality is a generalization of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality to integrals of stochastic processes.
It was first obtained by Hiroshi Kunita and Shinzo Watanabe and plays a fundamental role in their extension of Ito's stochastic integral to square-integrable martingales.

Shinzo Watanabe
Shinzō Watanabe (渡辺 信三 Watanabe Shinzō, born 23 December 1935) is a Japanese mathematician, who has made fundamental contributions to probability theory, stochastic processes and stochastic differential equations. He is revered as a luminary in the field of modern probability theory and stochastic calculus. The pioneering book “Stochastic Differential Equations and Diffusion Processes” he wrote with Nobuyuki Ikeda has attracted a lot of researchers into the area and is known as the “Ikeda-Watanabe” for researchers in the field of stochastic analysis. He serves as the editor of Springer Mathematics.
Lone Star (1996 film)
Lone Star is a 1996 American neo-Western mystery film written, edited, and directed by John Sayles. Set in a small town in South Texas, the film deals with a sheriff's (played by Chris Cooper) investigation into the murder of one of his predecessors (Kris Kristofferson) decades earlier. The cast also stars Joe Morton, Elizabeth Peña, Clifton James, Ron Canada, Frances McDormand and Matthew McConaughey.

The film premiered at the 1996 South by Southwest Festival and received widespread critical acclaim, with critics regarding it as a high point of 1990s independent cinema as well as one of Sayles's best films. Sayles's screenplay was nominated for an Academy Award, BAFTA Award, and Golden Globe Award. The film was also nominated for four Independent Spirit Awards, with Elizabeth Peña winning Best Supporting Female.

Lone Star was recognized by the American Film Institute in AFI's 10 Top 10 list in 2008 as a nominated Western Film.

Clifton James
George Clifton James (May 29, 1920 – April 15, 2017) was an American actor of film, theatre, and television. He was best known to screen audiences for his various character roles, including prison floorwalker Carr in Cool Hand Luke (1967), Sheriff J.W. Pepper alongside Roger Moore in the James Bond films Live and Let Die (1973) and The Man with the Golden Gun (1974), the sheriff in Silver Streak (1976), a Texas tycoon in The Bad News Bears in Breaking Training (1977), and Charles Comiskey in Eight Men Out (1988).
Sleeping Giant (Ontario)
The Sleeping Giant is a series of mesas formed by the erosion of thick, diabase sills on Sibley Peninsula that resembles a giant lying on its back when viewed from the west to north-northwest section of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. As one moves southward along the shoreline toward Sawyer's Bay, the Sleeping Giant starts to separate into its various sections. Most distinctly in the view from the cliffs at Sawyer's Bay, the Giant appears to have an Adam's Apple. The formation is part of Sleeping Giant Provincial Park. Its dramatic steep cliffs are among the highest in Ontario (250 m). The southernmost point is known as Thunder Cape, depicted by many early Canadian artists such as William Armstrong.

One Ojibway legend identifies the giant as Nanabijou, who was turned to stone when the secret location of a rich silver mine now known as Silver Islet was disclosed to white men.

Sleeping Giant is the namesake and general setting of the 2015 Canadian film Sleeping Giant.

Sleeping Giant (film)
Sleeping Giant is a 2015 Canadian drama film written and directed by Andrew Cividino. The film follows three teenage boys coping with boredom in cottage country on the shores of Lake Superior.

The film premiered in the Critics' Week section at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival. It is an expansion of a short film that Cividino made in 2013, which was nominated for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 3rd Canadian Screen Awards. The film is named after the Sleeping Giant cliffs near Thunder Bay.
The Franklin Mint
The Franklin Mint is a private mint founded by Joseph Segel in 1964 in Wawa, Pennsylvania. The building is in Middletown Township.

The brand name was previously owned by Sequential Brands Group headquartered in New York City. It is currently owned by Retail Ecommerce Ventures (REV). The Franklin Mint sells coins, medals, jewelry, die-cast vehicles, dolls, sculpture and other collectibles.

Mint (facility)
A mint is an industrial facility which manufactures coins that can be used as currency.

The history of mints correlates closely with the history of coins. In the beginning, hammered coinage or cast coinage were the chief means of coin minting, with resulting production runs numbering as little as the hundreds or thousands. In modern mints, coin dies are manufactured in large numbers and planchets are made into milled coins by the billions.

With the mass production of currency, the production cost is weighed when minting coins. For example, it costs the United States Mint much less than 25 cents to make a quarter (a 25 cent coin), and the difference in production cost and face value (called seigniorage) helps fund the minting body. Conversely, a U.S. penny ($0.01) cost $0.015 to make in 2016.
North Las Vegas Airport
North Las Vegas Airport (IATA: VGT, ICAO: KVGT, FAA LID: VGT) is a public-use airport 3 mi (4.8 km) northwest of downtown Las Vegas in North Las Vegas, Nevada. It is owned by the Clark County Commission and operated by the Clark County Department of Aviation.

Known locally as Northtown, it is the second–busiest public use government airport in the Las Vegas area and the third busiest in Nevada. It is the primary airport in the Las Vegas area for general aviation and scenic tours, allowing Harry Reid International Airport to focus on airline flights. North Las Vegas offered limited regional airline service by Grand Canyon Scenic Airlines in the early 2000s. Many helicopter operators, including the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department, use the airport.

Clark County Department of Aviation
The Clark County Department of Aviation is part of the government of the Clark County Commission.

Harry Reid International Airport, the main commercial airport and the four general aviation facilities in the Clark County Airport System are owned by the Clark County Commission and operated under the policy direction of the Board of County Commissioners, the authority of the County Manager and the management of the Director and Deputy Director of Aviation.