hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pennsylvania Route 50
Pennsylvania Route 50 (PA 50) is a 32.7-mile-long (52.6 km) state highway located in western Pennsylvania. The western terminus of the route is at PA 844 in the Independence Township community of Independence less than a mile from the West Virginia state line. The eastern terminus is at PA 60 in Crafton Heights. PA 50 was designated in 1961, replacing the portion of PA 28 between West Virginia and Pittsburgh.

Pennsylvania Route 28
Pennsylvania Route 28 (PA 28) is a major state highway, which runs for 98 miles (158 km) from Anderson Street in Pittsburgh to U.S. Route 219 (US 219) in Brockway in Pennsylvania in the United States.

From Pittsburgh to Kittanning, it is a 44.5-mile-long (71.6 km) limited access expressway that is named the Alexander H. Lindsay Memorial Highway, and is also known as the Allegheny Valley Expressway. It is named after Alexander Lindsay, a lawyer who lived in South Buffalo and commuted to work in Pittsburgh; he successfully lobbied for the city to be connected to the proposed Keystone Shortway (I-80).
Political Security Organization (Yemen)
The Political Security Organization (Arabic: جهاز الأمن السياسي, romanized: Jihaz Alamin Alsiyasii) (PSO) is a state security and intelligence-gathering agency of Yemen. Formed in 1992, the PSO collects and analyzes domestic and foreign intelligence to ensure the safety of the Yemeni state, though the organization became more well known for repressing political opponents of Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh. Since the establishment of the National Security Bureau (NSB) in 2002, the PSO's role in intelligence-gathering has been reduced but is still significant.

National Security Bureau (Yemen)
The National Security Bureau (NSB) (Arabic: جهاز الأمن القومي (اليمن)) is a state security intelligence-gathering agency of Yemen, responsible for the protection of the country from acts of foreign interference. The NSB reports directly to the office of the President of Yemen.
Eurovision Young Dancers 2015
The Eurovision Young Dancers 2015 was the fourteenth edition of the Eurovision Young Dancers competition. The final was held in the New Theatre in Plzeň, Czech Republic, on 19 June 2015. It was organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), and host broadcaster Česká televize (ČT).

The event is aimed at young dancers aged between 16 and 21, competing in modern dances, be it solo or in couples, as long as they were not professionally engaged. Ten countries participated in the 2015 contest; with Albania and Malta making their début; Slovakia returning after an eighteen-year break; and Armenia, Belarus, and Ukraine deciding not to participate.

Viktoria Nowak of Poland won the contest, with Staša Tušar of Slovenia placing second (runner-up).

Eurovision Young Dancers 2013
The Eurovision Young Dancers 2013 was the thirteenth edition of the Eurovision Young Dancers, held at the Baltic Opera House in Gdańsk, Poland, on 14 June 2013. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Telewizja Polska (TVP), dancers from ten countries participated in the televised final. Belarus made their début while Armenia, Czech Republic and Ukraine returned. Croatia, Greece, Kosovo and Portugal decided not to participate.

The event is aimed at young dancers aged between 16 and 21, competing in modern dances, be it solo or in couples, as long as they were not professionally engaged.

Sedrig Verwoert of the Netherlands won the contest, with Felix Berning of Germany placing second (runner-up).
M5 highway (Moldova)
The M5 highway (Romanian: Drumul național M5), during Soviet period referred to as the M14, is the longest road in Moldova, with a length of 370 km (230 mi) running from the north to the south-east. Having national road status, it is also one of the most important routes as it provides access to the three largest cities of Moldova within its internationally recognized borders: Bălți, Chișinău and  Tiraspol. It forms part of the European routes E58, E581 and E583 of the International E-road network.

Roads in Moldova
Currently, there are three defined types of public roads in the Republic of Moldova:

National road (Romanian: Drum național – pl. Drumuri naționale)

Local road (Romanian: Drum local – pl. Drumuri locale)

Street (Romanian: Stradă – pl. Străzi)

In total, Moldova has a total length of 10,680 kilometres (6,636 mi) of road. From those, 3,668 km (2,279 mi) are national roads and 7,012 km (4,357 mi) are local roads. The general maximum speed limit on public roads is 90 km/h (55 mph), while a speed limit of 50 km/h (30 mph) is imposed inside localities.

Its current road network is inherited from the former Soviet Union (the Moldavian SSR).
Montalbano (mountain)
The Montalbano, or Monte Albano, is a mountain range that extends over 16,000 hectares across the provinces of Pistoia, Prato, and Florence, in the territories of the municipalities of Serravalle Pistoiese, Monsummano Terme, Larciano, Lastra a Signa, Lamporecchio, Quarrata, Carmignano, Poggio a Caiano, Signa, Montelupo Fiorentino, Capraia e Limite, Vinci, and Cerreto Guidi.

Province of Pistoia
The province of Pistoia (Italian: provincia di Pistoia) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Spread across 964.12 square kilometres (372.25 mi2), it is a landlocked province with the seat at the city of Pistoia. It had a population of 291,788 inhabitants as of 2015.
Frederick Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell
Frederick Alexander Lindemann, 1st Viscount Cherwell, CH, PC, FRS (/ˈtʃɑːrwɛl/ CHAR-wel; 5 April 1886 – 3 July 1957) was a British physicist who was prime scientific adviser to Winston Churchill in World War II.

He was involved in the development of radar and infra-red guidance systems. He was sceptical of  the first reports of the enemy's V-weapons programme. He pressed the case for the strategic area bombing of cities.

His abiding influence on Churchill stemmed from close personal friendship, as a member of the latter's country-house set. In Churchill's second government, he was given a seat in the cabinet, and later created Viscount Cherwell of Oxford.

Order of the Companions of Honour
The Order of the Companions of Honour is an order of the Commonwealth realms. It was founded on 4 June 1917 by King George V as a reward for outstanding achievements. It was founded on the same date as the Order of the British Empire.

The order was originally intended to be conferred upon a limited number of persons for whom this special distinction seemed to be the most appropriate form of recognition, constituting an honour dissociated from either the acceptance of title or the classification of merit. It is now described as being "awarded for having a major contribution to the arts, science, medicine, or government lasting over a long period of time". The first recipients of the order were all decorated for "services in connection with the war" and were listed in The London Gazette.
Nature park
A nature park, or sometimes natural park, is a designation for a protected area by means of long-term land planning, sustainable resource management and limitation of agricultural and real estate developments. These valuable landscapes are preserved in their present ecological state and promoted for ecotourism purposes.

In most countries nature parks are subject to legally regulated protection, which is part of their conservation laws.

In terms of level of protection, a category "Nature Park" is not the same as a "National Park", which is defined by the IUCN and its World Commission on Protected Areas as a category II protected area. 
A "Nature Park" designation, depending on local specifics, falls between category III and category VI according to IUCN categorization, in most cases closer to category VI.
However some nature parks have later been turned into national parks.

IUCN protected area categories
IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

The enlisting of such areas is part of a strategy being used toward the conservation of the world's natural environment and biodiversity. The IUCN has developed the protected area management categories system to define, record and classify the wide variety of specific aims and concerns when categorising protected areas and their objectives. Further supplementary guidelines have been developed specific to marine protected areas (MPAs).

This categorisation method is recognised on a global scale by national governments and international bodies such as the United Nations and the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Jean-François Roberge
Jean-François Roberge MNA is a Canadian politician who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in the 2014 election. He represents the electoral district of Chambly as a member of the Coalition Avenir Québec and is the former Education Minister. He was replaced by Bernard Drainville in October 2022.

He was also the party's candidate in Vachon in the 2012 election.

Prior to his election to the legislature, Roberge was an elementary school teacher, as well as a regular commentator on education issues for TVA's morning talk show Deux filles le matin. He published a young adult novel, Francis perdu dans les méandres, in 2010.

Bernard Drainville
Bernard Drainville MNA (French pronunciation: [bɛʁnaʁ dʁɛ̃vil]; born June 6, 1963) is a Canadian politician, television host and journalist. A member of the Coalition Avenir Québec, he has served as a member of the National Assembly of Quebec (MNA) for the riding of Lévis since 2022. He was formerly the MNA for the riding of Marie-Victorin in Longueuil from 2007 to 2016, representing the Parti Québécois.

Since 2025, he has served as the Minister of the Environment, the Fight Against Climate Change, Wildlife, and Parks, and the Minister Responsible for Maritime Strategy. He formerly served as the Minister of Education from 2022 to 2025 and Minister of Democratic Institutions and Citizen Participation from 2012 to 2014.
Presidency of Hamid Karzai
The Karzai administration was the government of Afghanistan under President Hamid Karzai, who became the head of state of Afghanistan in December 2001 after the Taliban government was overthrown. Karzai was appointed at the 2002 Loya Jirga as the Interim President of the Afghan Transitional Administration. After the 2004 Afghan presidential election, he became the President of Afghanistan.

Politics of Afghanistan
Afghanistan is a theocratic emirate with a totalitarian regime ruled by the Taliban, a political and militant Islamist movement adhering to the Deobandi jihadist ideology with Pashtunwali influences, which holds a monopoly on power. Dissent is not permitted, and politics are mostly limited to internal Taliban policy debates and power struggles. There is no constitution or other basis for the rule of law. The structure is autocratic, with all power concentrated in the hands of the supreme leader and his clerical advisors. According to the V-Dem Democracy indices Afghanistan was as of 2023 the 4th least electoral democratic country in the world.

Afghanistan has been unstable for decades, with frequent coups, civil wars, and violent transfers of power. Most recently, the Taliban seized power in 2021 from the Western-backed Islamic Republic, and re-formed the government to implement a far stricter interpretation of Sharia law according to the Hanafi school.
Astaroth
In demonology, Astaroth (also Ashtaroth, Astarot and Astetoth) is an arch-demon. He is considered to be the Great Duke of Hell.

Astaroth was theorized as an alter ego of various goddesses in ancient mythologies across different cultures which were demonized later by the Biblical demonology system.

Astaroth also features as an archdemon associated with the qlippoth (adverse forces).

Qlippoth
In the Zohar, Lurianic Kabbalah, and Hermetic Qabalah, the qlippoth (Hebrew: קְלִיפּוֹת, romanized: qəlippōṯ, lit. "peels", "shells", or "husks", sg. קְלִפָּה qəlippā; originally, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: קְלִיפִּין, romanized: qəlippin) are the representation of evil or impure spiritual forces in Jewish mysticism, the opposites of the sefirot. The realm of evil is called Sitra Achra (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: סִטְרָא אַחְרָא, romanized: siṭrā ʾaḥrā, lit. 'the Other Side') in Kabbalistic texts.
Snowflake Mill
Snowflake Mill was a pulp mill and paper mill located in the US town of Snowflake, Arizona. The mill had two paper machines which produced 339,000 tonnes of newsprint and uncoated fine paper. It sourced its fiber from two deinking pulp lines. The mill had 293 employees as of 2014. Transport to and from the mill was carried out on the Apache Railway.

Founded in 1961, the mill was eventually owned by the Stone Container Corporation. Ownership passed to Abitibi-Consolidated in 1998 and then to Catalyst Paper in 2008. Due to increased recycled paper prices and a decline in the demand for newsprint, the mill was closed on 30 September 2012.

Snowflake, Arizona
Snowflake (Navajo: Tó Diłhił Biih Yílį́) is a town in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. It was founded in 1878 by Erastus Snow and William Jordan Flake, Mormon pioneers. As of the 2020 census, Snowflake had a population of 6,104.
Snowflake is 25 miles (40 km) south of Interstate 40 (formerly U.S. Route 66) via Highway 77. The Apache Railway provides freight service.
Disen tram stop
Disen is a tram stop located on the Oslo Tramway network. Located in Nordre Aker in northern Oslo, the station is part of the Kjelsås Line, that operates between Storo and Kjelsås. Disen also has a balloon loop, for trams to turn around and change direction. However, trams do not regularly terminate at Disen anymore. Disen was opened on 25 September 1934. 
Disen was also closed along with the rest of the Kjelsås Line between 2002 and 2004. Uni-directional SL79 trams serve the tram stop, but occasionally SL95 trams serve Line 12.

Storo station
Storo is a rapid transit station on the Ring Line of the Oslo Metro, and a tram station on the Grünerløkka–Torshov Line of the Oslo Tramway. It is located at Storo in the Nordre Aker borough of Oslo, Norway. The tram station opened on 28 November 1902, and the rapid transit station on 20 August 2003. Metro lines 4 and 5 run to the station. The tram station serves lines 11, 12 and 18. The station is within walking distance of Grefsen Station on the Gjøvik Line. The station also functions as a bus hub, being located along Ring 3. Storo is a mixed commercial and residential area, and a shopping center is located just north of the subway station.
Logan Martin Lake
Logan Martin Lake is a reservoir located in east central Alabama on the Coosa River approximately 30 miles (48 km) east of Birmingham, Alabama. This 17,000-acre (69 km2) reservoir was built in 1965 by Alabama Power Company. The lake, nicknamed Lake of a Thousand Coves by locals, has 275 miles (443 km) of shoreline along its 48.5-mile (78.1 km) length sandwiched between Logan Martin Dam on the south and Neely Henry Dam on the north. The depth of the lake is 35 to 110 feet (34 m) with only three feet average water level variance.

The lake borders St. Clair and Talladega counties.  The reservoir extends 48.5 miles (78.1 km) from Logan Martin Dam upstream to Neely Henry Dam, and it contains 15,263 acres (61.77 km2). Logan Martin has roughly 273 miles (439 km) of shoreline.

Alabama has a lake of a similar name, the Lake Martin on the Tallapoosa River, but Lake Martin and Logan Martin Lake are not part of the same river system.

Neely Henry Lake
Neely Henry Lake is located on the Coosa River near Gadsden, Alabama.  The lake was formed by the Neely Henry Dam (57 feet (17 m) high), built in 1966 by Alabama Power Company for hydroelectric power and recreation.

Completed on June 2, 1966, the dam and reservoir were named for H. Neely Henry, a senior executive vice-president of Alabama Power.  The dam has a 72,900 kilowatt generating capacity; the lake covers 11,200 surface acres (45.3 km2) with a total capacity of 129,800 acre-feet (0.1601 km3) and about 339 miles (546 km) of shoreline.  The nearest town is Ohatchee, Alabama to the East of the dam, and Ragland, Alabama to the West.  It is an excellent recreational lake with fishing opportunities for largemouth bass, spotted bass, bluegill and other sunfish, crappie, catfish, striped bass, hybrid and white bass.  Alabama Power maintains three public access sites on the lake.
Scombriformes
Scombriformes, also known as Pelagia or Pelagiaria, is an order of ray-finned fish within the clade Percomorpha. It contains 287 extant species in 16 families, most of which were previously classified under the suborders Scombroidei and Stromateoidei of the order Perciformes.

The earliest known scombriform is the scombrid Landanichthys from the Middle Paleocene of Angola.

Perciformes
Perciformes (/ˈpɜːrsɪˌfɔːrmiːz/), also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha. Perciformes means "perch-like". Among the well-known members of this group are perches and darters (Percidae), and also sea basses and groupers (Serranidae). This order contains many familiar freshwater temperate and tropical marine fish groups, but also extremophiles that have successfully colonized both the North and South Poles, as well as the deepest depths of the ocean.
Campaign of the Chersonese
After the disaster of the Battle of Ipsus, Demetrius I Poliorcetes launched a campaign of raids in the Thracian Chersonese in 300-299 BCE. These raids, directed against Lysimachus, were a last-ditch effort by the Antigonid to rebuild his forces and buy time to avoid complete annihilation.

He contested Lampsacus with Lysimachus and captured it at least twice, without occupying it. During this campaign, Demetrius won skirmishes with his troops and managed to establish a complete blockade of the Hellespont. Aided by the emerging dissensions among the victorious Diadochi of Ipsus, he left the Thracian Chersonese for the Middle East in 299-298 BCE, where he reunited with his former enemy, Seleucus I, to whom he gave his daughter Stratonice in marriage. Overall, his very precarious position was strengthened by this campaign, which restored him among the Diadochian powers and allowed him to rebuild his troops and a portion of his prestige.

Battle of Ipsus
The Battle of Ipsus (Ancient Greek: Ἱψός) was fought between some of the Diadochi (the successors of Alexander the Great) in 301 BC near the town of Ipsus in Phrygia. Antigonus I Monophthalmus, the Greek Macedonian ruler of large parts of Asia, and his son Demetrius were pitted against the coalition of three other successors of Alexander: Cassander, ruler of Macedon; Lysimachus, ruler of Thrace; and Seleucus I Nicator, ruler of Babylonia and Persia.
History of the Jews in Djerba
The history of the Jews in Djerba stems from at least the Middle Ages, although many speculate that it extends back to the Classical Era. The community is one of the last remaining Jewish communities in the Arab world.

The community is typically divided between two villages on the Tunisian island of Djerba, off of its southern coast. The community remained small throughout history—at around 4,500 members at its peak—and hovered at about 700 at the beginning of 21st century. Since then, and due to a high birth rate, it has increased to 1,100. It is one of the best-known North African Jewish communities due to its longlasting survival, with thousands making an annual pilgrimage to the El Ghriba Synagogue on the 33rd day of the Counting of the Omer. Beginning in the mid-20th century, the community's population began declining due to the establishment of the State of Israel. The community's synagogue was attacked in a bombing in 2002 and a shooting in 2023.

Djerba
Djerba (/ˈdʒɜːrbə, ˈdʒɛərbə/; Arabic: جربة, romanized: Jirba, IPA: [ˈʒɪrbæ] ⓘ; Italian: Meninge, Girba), also transliterated as Jerba or Jarbah, is a Tunisian island and the largest island of North Africa at 514 square kilometers (198 sq mi), in the Gulf of Gabès, off the coast of Tunisia. Administratively, it is part of Medenine Governorate. The island had a population of 139,544 at the 2004 census, which rose to 163,726 at the 2014 census. Citing its long and unique history, Tunisia has sought UNESCO World Heritage status protections for the island, and, in 2023, Djerba was officially designated a World Heritage Site.
Pero Niño
Pero Niño (1378–1453) was a Castilian privateer at the service of Henry III the Sufferer active in the Mediterranean and the Atlantic during the first decade of the 15th century. He later served John II.

Henry III of Castile
Henry III of Castile (4 October 1379 – 25 December 1406), called the Suffering due to his ill health (Spanish: Enrique el Doliente, Galician: Henrique o Doente), was the son of John I and Eleanor of Aragon. He succeeded his father as King of Castile in 1390.
Languages of Eritrea
The main languages spoken in Eritrea are Tigrinya, Tigre, Kunama, Bilen, Nara, Saho, Afar, and Beja. The country's working languages are Tigrinya, Arabic, English, and formerly Italian.

Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language in the country and had 2,540,000 native speakers out of the total population of 5,254,000 in 2006. The remaining residents primarily speak other languages from the Afroasiatic family, Nilo-Saharan languages or Indo-European languages.

Nara language
The Nara (Nera) or Barea (Barya) language is spoken by the Nara people in an area just to the north of Barentu in the Gash-Barka Region of western Eritrea. The language is often confused with Kunama, which is at best only distantly related.

The endangerment status of Nara is unclear. According to Glottolog it is not endangered, but according to Tsige Hailemichael, the "...Nara language is in danger of quickly disappearing."

Nara has been classified as Northern Eastern Sudanic by Rilly (2009:2), but Glottolog considers the evidence unpersuasive and classifies Nara as an isolate.
Tsedey Bank
Tsedey Bank (Amharic: ፀደይ ባንክ) is an Ethiopian private commercial bank that operates in Ethiopia. It was preceded by the Amhara Credit & Savings Institution (ACSI) that was established in 1995 as a microfinance company.

In January 2022, the bank acquired license from the National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) on 28 January 2022 and officially inaugurated on 24 September 2022.

National Bank of Ethiopia
The National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ብሔራዊ ባንክ) is the central bank of Ethiopia.  Its headquarters are in the capital city of Addis Ababa. Eyob Tekalign has been the current governor of the bank since 2025.

The bank is active in promoting financial inclusion policy and is a member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion (AFI).
1993 Florida State vs. Notre Dame football game
The 1993 Florida State vs. Notre Dame Game was a regular season college football game between the unbeaten Florida State Seminoles (ranked #1 in the nation), and the unbeaten Notre Dame Fighting Irish (ranked #2 in the nation).  The game took place at Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana on the campus of the University of Notre Dame. The game is one of the 20th-century college football games to be coined a "Game of the Century."

Game of the Century (college football)
The phrase "Game of the Century" is a superlative that has been applied to several college football games, usually regular-season matchups between two teams that are considered among the best that season. It is a subjective term applied by sportswriters to describe the most notable games of the period.