hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Salim ibn Sawadah al-Tamimi
Salim ibn Sawadah al-Tamimi (Arabic: سالم بن سوادة التميمي) was a governor of Egypt for the Abbasid Caliphate, from 780 to 781.

He was appointed by the caliph al-Mahdi in late 780 with jurisdiction over military affairs, while a separate official was selected to handle matters of taxation. The historian Ibn Taghribirdi mentions that during his governorship both Egypt and the Maghreb suffered from a series of violent conflicts, and that Egyptian troops were briefly sent to assist Barqa but were later withdrawn without engaging in any fighting. He remained as governor until mid-781, when he was dismissed and replaced with Ibrahim ibn Salih.

Ibn Taghribirdi
Jamal al-Din Yusuf bin al-Amir Sayf al-Din Taghribirdi (Arabic: جمال الدين يوسف بن الأمير سيف الدين تغري بردي), or Abū al-Maḥāsin Yūsuf ibn Taghrī-Birdī, or Ibn Taghribirdi (2 February 1411— 5 June 1470; 813–874 Hijri) was an Islamic historian born in the 15th century in Mamluk Egypt. He studied under al-Ayni and al-Maqrizi, two of the leading Cairene historians and scholars of the day.

Ibn Taghribirdi's most famous work is a multi-volume chronicle of Egypt and the Mamluk sultanate called al-Nujum al-zahira fi muluk Misr wa'l-Qahira.  His style is annalistic and gives precise dates for most events;  this format makes it clear that Ibn Taghribirdi had privileged access to the sultans and their records. The name "Taghribirdi" is cognate to modern Turkish "Tanrıverdi" and means god-given in Turkic languages.
Baked potato
A baked potato, also known in  the United Kingdom as a jacket potato, is a preparation of potato. After baking, it may be served with fillings, toppings or condiments, such as butter, cheese and bacon bits, sour cream and chives, chicken curry, baked beans and tuna.

Some varieties of potato, such as Russet and King Edward, are more suitable for baking, owing to their size and consistency. Despite the popular misconception that potatoes are fattening, baked potatoes can be part of a healthy diet.

Sour cream
Sour cream (sometimes known as soured cream in British English) is a dairy product obtained by fermenting regular cream with certain kinds of lactic acid bacteria. The bacterial culture, which is introduced either deliberately or naturally, sours and thickens the cream. Its name comes from the production of lactic acid by bacterial fermentation, which is called souring. Crème fraîche is one type of sour cream with a high fat content and less sour taste.
Paulo Bernardo
Paulo Bernardo Silva (born 10 March 1952) is a Brazilian politician, member of the Workers' Party (PT). He was Minister of Communications during the government of Dilma Rousseff and Minister of Planning during the government of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

Ministry of Planning, Budget and Management
The Ministry of Planning, Budget, and Management (Portuguese: Ministério do Planejamento, Orçamento, e Gestão, abbreviated MP) is a cabinet-level federal ministry in Brazil. The Ministry was dissolved on 1 January 2019 but recreated on 1 January 2023 with Simone Tebet serving in the position.
Marco Schneuwly
Marco Schneuwly (born 27 March 1985) is a Swiss footballer who plays as a striker for Aarau in the Swiss Challenge League, the second tier of football in Switzerland.

He is a former youth international and was in the Swiss U-17 squad that won the 2002 U-17 European Championships.

2002 UEFA European Under-17 Championship
The 2002 UEFA European Under-17 Championship was the first edition of UEFA's UEFA European Under-17 Championship after changing the name of the competition. Denmark hosted the championship, during 27 April – 10 May. Players born on or after 1 January 1985 were eligible to participate in this competition. 16 teams entered the competition, and Switzerland defeated France in the final to win the competition for the first time.
Protean eGov Technologies
Protean eGov Technologies Limited is an Indian technology company headquartered in Mumbai. The company focuses on developing digital public infrastructure (DPI) and e-governance initiatives for various governmental bodies in India. It works with central and state governments across multiple sectors including Tax Services (PAN, TIN, eTDS), Social Security and Welfare (CRA for NPS & APY), ID and Data Stack, Open Digital Ecosystem, and Cloud. In 2011, the company was appointed as a registrar for the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) to issue Aadhaar numbers to residents of the country.

Tax deduction at source
Tax deduction at source (TDS) is an Indian withholding tax that is a means of collecting tax on income, dividends, or asset sales by requiring the payer (or legal intermediary) to deduct tax due before paying the balance to the payee (and the tax to the revenue authority).

Under the Indian Income Tax Act of 1961, income tax must be deducted at source as per the provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Any payment covered under these provisions shall be paid after deducting a prescribed percentage of income tax. It is managed by the Central Board for Direct Taxes (CBDT) and is part of the Department of Revenue managed by the Indian Revenue Service. It has great importance while conducting tax audits. It is also required to file quarterly returns to Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT). Returns state the TDS is deducted and paid to the government during the Quarter to which it relates.
Andrew Mukooza
Andrew Joet Mukooza (21 July 1944 – 24 April 1979) was a Ugandan military officer and fighter pilot who served as the last head of the Uganda Army Air Force before its destruction during the Uganda–Tanzania War. He was also Idi Amin's personal pilot during the latter's rule of Uganda.

Born in eastern Uganda, Mukooza joined the air force during the presidency of Milton Obote. After Amin took power in 1971, Mukooza stayed firmly loyal to his regime, and consequently rose in the ranks. He possibly helped Amin to defeat a coup attempt in 1977, drawing the ire of Uganda's opposition. When the Uganda–Tanzania War broke out, Mukooza initially flew missions as a fighter pilot and became head of the Uganda Army Air Force when the latter began to disintegrate amid heavy combat losses, defections, and desertions. Following the defeat of Amin, Mukooza surrendered to the new Tanzanian-backed government of Uganda, but was murdered under uncertain circumstances.

President of Uganda
The president of the Republic of Uganda is the head of state and the head of government of Uganda. The president leads the executive branch of the government of Uganda and is the commander-in-chief of the Uganda People's Defence Force.
Raketenjagdpanzer 1
The Raketenjagdpanzer 1 is an anti-tank guided missile-armed tank destroyer (the first such vehicle in service with the West German Armed Forces) that entered service in 1961. It was built on the chassis of the Hispano-Suiza HS.30, which was also used on the Schützenpanzer SPz 12-3, and armed with twin French SS.11 antitank guided missile launchers. Only one of the missile launchers is visible from the outside at any time, however, as the other is retracted into the hull to be reloaded when the first is ready to fire.

Schützenpanzer Lang HS.30
The Schützenpanzer Lang HS.30, officially designated as Schützenpanzer, lang, Typ 12-3 or  abbreviated as SPz lg 12-3, (German for "Infantry tank, long, Type 12-3"), was a West German infantry fighting vehicle developed between 1956 and 1958. It was designed by the Swiss company Hispano-Suiza and powered by a Rolls-Royce engine. Due to initial mechanical issues, only 2,176 units were produced out of the 10,680 originally planned. The vehicle was equipped with a 20 mm autocannon.

The HS.30's design was plagued by numerous flaws and drawbacks, which eventually led to a significant political scandal in West Germany during the 1960s. Of the 2,176 SPz HS.30 and its variants built by 1962, the German government paid 517 million DM, translating to approximately 238,000 DM per vehicle. The HS.30 first entered service with the Panzergrenadier battalions in 1960, but was gradually replaced by the more advanced Marder infantry fighting vehicle starting in 1971.
Elderbrook
Alexander Harry Kotz (born 20 December 1992), known professionally as Elderbrook, is an English electronic musician and DJ. His career began in 2015 when he released his first EP containing the song "How Many Times", which went on to be remixed by German duo Andhim and ranked one of Mixmag's best songs of 2015.

During 2016, he collaborated with a number of artists, including Gorgon City. He also remixed tracks by a number of well-known artists, such as Clean Bandit.

To date, Elderbrook's most notable song is the collaboration with CamelPhat, titled "Cola". The song reached number one on both the Dance Club Songs chart in the United States and Indie Chart in the United Kingdom. It was also nominated for Best Dance song at the 2018 Grammy Awards.

Gorgon City
Gorgon City are an English electronic music production duo consisting of two North London producers Kye "Foamo" Gibbon and Matt "RackNRuin" Robson-Scott. Their 2014 singles "Ready for Your Love" and "Here for You" reached the top 10 in the UK. They are currently signed to the UK-based record label Positiva Records which is a division of Universal Music Group.
Piatnitzkysauridae
Piatnitzkysauridae is an extinct family of megalosauroid or basal allosauroid dinosaurs. It only consists of three to four known dinosaur genera: Condorraptor, Marshosaurus, Piatnitzkysaurus and possibly Xuanhanosaurus.  The most complete and well-known member of this family is Piatnitzkysaurus, which also gives the family its name.,

Allosauridae
Allosauridae is an extinct family of medium to large bipedal, carnivorous allosauroid theropod dinosaurs from the Late Jurassic. Allosauridae is a fairly old taxonomic group, having been first named by the American paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh in 1878.
Applications of randomness
Randomness has multiple uses in science, art, statistics, cryptography, gaming, gambling, and other fields. For example, random assignment in randomized controlled trials helps scientists to test hypotheses, and random numbers or pseudorandom numbers help video games such as video poker.

These uses have different levels of requirements, which leads to the use of different methods. Mathematically, there are distinctions between randomization, pseudorandomization, and quasirandomization, as well as between random number generators and pseudorandom number generators. For example, applications in cryptography usually have strict requirements, whereas other uses (such as generating a "quote of the day") can use a looser standard of pseudorandomness.

Pseudorandomness
A pseudorandom sequence of numbers is one that appears to be statistically random, despite having been produced by a completely deterministic and repeatable process. Pseudorandom number generators are often used in computer programming, as traditional sources of randomness available to humans (such as rolling dice) rely on physical processes not readily available to computer programs, although developments in hardware random number generator technology have challenged this.
Ngangkha Lawai
Ngangkha Lawai (ꯉꯥꯡꯈꯥ ꯂꯋꯥꯏ), also spelled Ngangkhalawai (ꯉꯥꯡꯈꯂꯋꯥꯏ) or Ngangkharawai (ꯉꯥꯡꯈꯔꯋꯥꯏ), is a village in the Moirang Sub Division of Bishnupur district, Manipur, India.
Ngangkha Lawai is known in Moirang Kangleirol genre of Meitei mythology and folklore as the place where the goddess Arai Leima, also called Ngangkha Leima, first appeared to the hero Khuman Puremba (the rebirth of Mungyang Chaoba).

Meitei folklore
Meitei folklore is the folklore and mythology of the Meitei people of Manipur, India.

Such folklore is traditionally passed from generation to generation. Currently, the government of Manipur is planning to preserve the folklore of the Meitei people through primary education in government institutions.
2015 Bangladesh Cricket League
2015 Bangladesh Cricket League is third edition of Bangladesh Cricket League, this is a First-class cricket tournament held by Bangladesh from 21 April to 27 May 2015.। South Zone were champion on previous edition. They beat North Zone by 213 runs in Final.

South Zone remains championship of this season

South Zone cricket team (Bangladesh)
The South Zone cricket team or Prime Bank South Zone is a first-class cricket team that represents south-western Bangladesh in the annual Bangladesh Cricket League (BCL) tournament . It is a composite team of two Bangladeshi first-class teams: Barisal Division and Khulna Division. South Zone has played in the BCL since the inaugural 2012–13 season and has won the BCL four times, the most by any team.
Baghch-e-Simsim
Baghch-e-Simsim (باغچهٔ سم سم, "Sesame Garden") is a Dari- and Pashto-language co-production based on the American children's television series Sesame Street. The series launched in Afghanistan in December 2011, and has aired on TOLO and Lemar.

TOLO (TV channel)
TOLO (Persian: طلوع, lit. 'sunrise') is a commercial television station operated by MOBY Group in Afghanistan. Launched in 2004, it became one of the first commercial stations in the country and laid the foundation for an accessible media outlet by offering a large library of shows. It is one of the most popular television channels in Afghanistan and broadcasts shows in both Dari-Persian and Pashto.
Olfactory tract
The olfactory tract (olfactory peduncle or olfactory stalk) is a bilateral bundle of afferent nerve fibers from the mitral and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb that connects to several target regions in the brain, including the piriform cortex, amygdala, and entorhinal cortex.  It is a narrow white band, triangular on coronal section, the apex being directed upward.

The term olfactory tract is a misnomer, as the olfactory peduncle is actually made up of the juxtaposition of two tracts, the medial olfactory tract (giving the medial and intermediate olfactory stria) and the lateral olfactory tract (giving the lateral and intermediate olfactory stria). However, the existence of the medial olfactory tract (and consequently the medial stria) is controversial in primates (including humans).

Olfactory bulb
The olfactory bulb (Latin: bulbus olfactorius) is a neural structure in the forebrain of vertebrates that is involved in olfaction, or the sense of smell. It transmits olfactory information to the other brain regions including the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and hippocampus where it contributes to emotion, memory and learning.

The bulb is divided into two distinct structures: the main olfactory bulb and the accessory olfactory bulb. The main olfactory bulb connects to the amygdala via the piriform cortex of the primary olfactory cortex and directly projects from the main olfactory bulb to specific amygdala areas. The accessory olfactory bulb resides on the dorsal-posterior region of the main olfactory bulb and forms a parallel pathway.

Destruction of the olfactory bulb results in ipsilateral anosmia, while irritative lesions of the uncus can result in olfactory and gustatory hallucinations.
Adrián Barbón
Adrián Barbón Rodríguez (born 4 January 1979) is a Spanish politician. He is the secretary general of the Asturian Socialist Federation, the regional socialist party affiliated with the national Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and the current President of the Principality of Asturias.

President of the Principality of Asturias
The President of the Principality of Asturias (Spanish: Presidente del Principado de Asturias; Asturian: Presidente del Principáu d'Asturies) is the head of government of the Spanish autonomous community of Asturias. The president is chosen by the General Junta of the Principality of Asturias, autonomous parliamentary institution.
Reg Poole
Reginald Allen Poole OAM is an Australian country singer-songwriter. Poole won three Golden Guitars, was inducted into the Roll of Renown in 2006, was awarded an OAM for services to country music in 2006 and in 2016 was elevated to Country Music Living Legend, an award designed to honour the achievements of those who have made a lasting contribution to country music in Australia and are actively engaged in writing, recording and performing.

Australian Roll of Renown
The Australian Country Music Roll of Renown is an Australian and New Zealand country music Hall of Fame that was inaugurated by Radio 2TM in 1976. The award honours Australian and New Zealand musicians who have shaped the music industry by making a significant and lasting contribution to country music. The award is determined by an independent selection panel, set up under Chairmanship of Max Ellis, one of the original founders of the Roll of Renown, the Awards and the Festival. The inductee is announced at the Country Music Awards of Australia in Tamworth every January.
Eddy-class tanker
The Eddy-class coastal tankers were a series of eight replenishment oilers used by the Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA), the naval auxiliary fleet of the United Kingdom. They were built from 1951 to 1953 tasked with transporting and providing fuel and other liquids to Royal Navy vessels and stations around the world.

Replenishment oiler
A replenishment oiler or replenishment tanker is a naval auxiliary ship with fuel tanks and dry cargo holds which can supply both fuel and dry stores during underway replenishment (UNREP) at sea. Many countries have used replenishment oilers.

The United States Navy's hull classification symbol for this type of ship was 'AOR' (Auxiliary Oil Replenishment). Replenishment oilers are slower and carry fewer dry stores than the US Navy's modern fast combat support ships, which carry the classification 'AOE'. In 2020 the US Navy began to develop a new type of ship, the 'AOL' or light replenishment oiler; construction of the first is planned for 2026.
Radio Reconnaissance Platoon
The Radio Reconnaissance Platoon is a specially trained Marine Corps Intelligence element of a United States Marine Corps Radio Battalion. A Radio Reconnaissance Team (RRT) was assigned as the tactical signals intelligence collection element for the Marine Corps Special Operations Command, Detachment One. Regular RRTs also participate in SOC operations during Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable), or MEU(SOC), deployments.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Henri Bentégeat
Henri Bentégeat (born 27 May 1946 in Talence, France) is a French Army general who served first as the Chief of the French Defence Staff between 2002 and 2006 and then as the chairman of the European Union Military Committee between 2006 and 2009.

Chief of the Defence Staff (France)
The Chief of the Defence Staff (French: Chef d'État-Major des Armées, CEMA; lit. 'Chief of Staff of the Armies') is the military head of the Armed Forces of the French Republic, overseeing all military operations (under reserve of the particular dispositions relative to nuclear deterrence). They are responsible to the Minister of the Armed Forces and their deputy is the Major General of the Defence Staff. Since the 1950s, the office has been held only by four-star generals (OF–9), either from the Army, the Navy, or the Air and Space Force. The current Chief is General Fabien Mandon, who took the position on 1 September 2025.
Shivalaya Rural Municipality
Shivalaya Rural Municipality (Nepali: शिवालय गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality located in Jajarkot District of Karnali Province of Nepal.

According to Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration, Shivalaya has an area of 134.26 square kilometres (51.84 sq mi) and the total population of the rural municipality is 15,269 as of 2011 Nepal census.

Sima, Thala Raikar and Junga Thapachaur which previously were all separate Village development committees merged to form this new local level body. Fulfilling the requirement of the new Constitution of Nepal 2015, Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration replaced all old VDCs and Municipalities into 753 new local level bodies.

The rural municipality is divided into total 9 wards and the headquarters of this newly formed rural municipality is situated at Sima.

Sima, Nepal
Sima is a former village development committee in Jajarkot District in the Karnali Province of Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3922 people living in 676 individual households.
Savory spinach pie
Savory spinach pie is a pastry eaten throughout Turkey, Greece, and Bosnia. Of Greek origin, this pastry’s filling is made of chopped spinach (sometimes chard) and usually feta or white cheese, and egg.

Eggs as food
Humans and other hominids have consumed eggs for millions of years. The most widely consumed eggs are those of fowl, especially chickens. People in Southeast Asia began harvesting chicken eggs for food by 1500 BCE. Eggs of other birds, such as ducks and ostriches, are eaten regularly but much less commonly than those of chickens. People may also eat the eggs of reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Fish eggs consumed as food are known as roe or caviar.

Hens and other egg-laying creatures are raised throughout the world, and mass production of chicken eggs is a global industry. In 2009, an estimated 62.1 million metric tons of eggs were produced worldwide from a total laying flock of approximately 6.4 billion hens. There are issues of regional variation in demand and expectation, as well as current debates concerning methods of mass production. In 2012, the European Union banned battery husbandry of chickens.
Lucjan Böttcher
Lucjan Emil Böttcher (January 21, 1872 – May 29, 1937) was a Polish mathematician notable for his pioneering contributions to the theory of iteration and early developments in holomorphic dynamics, including Böttcher's equation and Böttcher's theorem. He worked in Lvov at the beginning of the 20th century.

Complex dynamics
Complex dynamics, or holomorphic dynamics, is the study of dynamical systems obtained by iterating a complex analytic mapping. This article focuses on the case of algebraic dynamics, where a polynomial or rational function is iterated. In geometric terms, that amounts to iterating a mapping from some algebraic variety to itself. The related theory of arithmetic dynamics studies iteration over the rational numbers or the p-adic numbers instead of the complex numbers.
FC Bengaluru United
Football Club Bengaluru United is an Indian professional football club based in Bangalore, Karnataka. The club currently competes in the I-League 2, the third tier of the Indian football league system. Founded in 2018, the club mainly participated in local competitions, including the BDFA Super Division.

Bengaluru United took part in the I-League 2nd Division for the first time in 2019–20 season.

I-League 2
The Indian Football League 2 (IFL 2), originally known as the I-League 2, is an Indian men's professional football league. It is the 3rd tier of the Indian football league system, behind the Indian Super League and the Indian Football League. It operates as a system of promotion and relegation with the Indian Football League and the Indian Football League 3. In 2026 it was temporarily merged with the Indian Football League 3.