hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Near West Side, Chicago
The Near West Side is one of the 77 community areas of Chicago in Illinois, United States. It is on the West Side, west of the Chicago River and adjacent to the Loop. The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 started on the Near West Side. Waves of immigration shaped the history of the Near West Side of Chicago, including the founding of Hull House, a prominent settlement house.  The near west side comprises several neighborhoods. In the 19th century railroads became prominent features. In the mid-20th century, the area saw the development of freeways centered in the Jane Byrne Interchange.

The area is home to the University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago-Kent College of Law, and City Colleges' Malcolm X College. the United Center, the Illinois Medical District,  Union Station, Ogilvie Station, and the Jane Byrne Interchange are also located in the community area.

Jane Byrne Interchange
The Jane Byrne Interchange (until 2014, Circle Interchange) is a major freeway interchange near downtown Chicago, Illinois. It is the junction between the Dan Ryan, Kennedy and Eisenhower Expressways (I-90/I-94 and I-290), and Ida B. Wells Drive. In a dedication ceremony held on August 29, 2014, the interchange was renamed in honor of former Chicago mayor Jane M. Byrne (in office, 1979–1983).

First developed in the late 1950s and 1960s, over time the interchange in its original configuration became notorious for traffic jams. In 2004, it was rated as the country's third-worst traffic bottleneck, with approximately 400,000 vehicles using it per day. In a 2010 study of freight congestion (truck speed and travel time), the U.S. Department of Transportation ranked this section of I-290 as having the worst congestion in the United States. This led to an $800 million reconfiguration begun in 2013 and completed in December 2022.
Rosli Dhobi
Rosli Dhobi (18 March 1932–2 March 1950)  also Rosli Dhoby, was a Sarawakian nationalist from Sibu of mixed Malay-Melanau descent during the British crown colony era in that state.

He was a member leader of the Rukun 13, an active organisation in the anti-cession movement of Sarawak, along with Morshidi Sidek, Awang Rambli Deli and Bujang Suntong. It was a secret cell organisation, composed of nationalists, which carried out assassinations of officers of the British colonial government in Sarawak. He was well known for his assassination of Duncan George Stewart, the second governor of colonial Sarawak, in 1949.

Melanau people
Melanau (Malay: Orang Melanau, Melanau: Tenawan Melanau) or A-Likou (meaning River people in Mukah dialect) is an ethnic group indigenous to Sarawak, Malaysia, and also present in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. They are among the earliest settlers of Sarawak. They speak the Melanau language, which is a part of the North Bornean branch of the Malayo-Polynesian languages.
Heron Mill, Hollinwood
Heron Mill is a cotton spinning mill in Hollinwood, Oldham, Greater Manchester. It was designed by architect P. S. Stott and was constructed in 1905 by the Heron Mill Company Ltd next to Durban Mill. It was taken over by the Lancashire Cotton Corporation in the 1930s and passed to Courtaulds in 1964. Production ended in 1960, and it was used by Courtaulds for offices, warehousing, and some experimental fabric manufacture. Courtaulds occupation ended in 1994 with the Andrew Design Procurement further holding the site until 1998.

Hollinwood, Greater Manchester
Hollinwood is an area and electoral ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England. The population at the 2011 census was 10,920.

Bisected by the A62 road, Hollinwood is southwest of Oldham, contiguous with the towns of Chadderton and Failsworth, at Junction 22 of the M60 motorway.
Wilhelm Derfelden
Otto-Wilhelm von Derfelden or Wilhelm Christoforovich Derfelden (Russian: Вильгельм Христофорович Дерфельден, romanized: Vil'gel'm Hristoforovič Derfel'den; 1737 – 20 September 1819) was an Imperial Russian General of the Cavalry from a family of Baltic Germans. He fought in the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774, Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 under Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky, Polish–Russian War of 1792, and Kościuszko Uprising of 1794. In the latter conflict he led troops in the battles of Chełm and Praga. After a period of unemployment, he joined Alexander Suvorov-Rymniksky's army in 1799 as a military mentor to Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich of Russia. He subsequently led a corps at Novi, Gotthard Pass, and in Suvorov's Switzerland campaign.

Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 involved an unsuccessful attempt by the Ottoman Empire to regain lands lost to the Russian Empire in the course of the previous Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774). It took place concomitantly with the Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791), the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790), and the Theatre War.

During the Russian-Turkish War of 1787–1792, on 25 September 1789, a detachment of the Imperial Russian Army under Alexander Suvorov and Ivan Gudovich, took Khadjibey and Yeni Dünya for the Russian Empire. In 1794, Odesa replaced Khadjibey by a decree of the Russian Empress Catherine the Great.

Russia formally gained possession of the Sanjak of Özi (Ochakiv Oblast) in 1792 and it became a part of Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty. The Russian Empire retained full control of Crimea, as well as land between the Southern Bug and the Dniester.
Mike Chaplin
Michael James Chaplin (Mike) NDD, RWS, RE, FRSA (born 19 September 1943) is a British artist, known primarily for his work in the mediums of etching and watercolour. He was guest art expert on the Channel 4 art programme Watercolour Challenge with Hannah Gordon.

Royal Watercolour Society
The Royal Watercolour Society is a British institution of painters working in watercolours. The Society is a centre of excellence for water-based media on paper, which allows for a diverse and interesting range of approaches to the medium of watercolour. Its members, or associates, use the post-nominal initials RWS and ARWS (associate member). They are elected by the membership, with typically half a dozen new associates joining the Society each year.
Colby Quiñones
Colby Richard Quiñones (born April 14, 2003) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender most recently for USL League One club Portland Hearts of Pine. Born in the mainland United States, he plays for the Puerto Rico national team.

Puerto Rico national football team
The Puerto Rico national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Puerto Rico) represents Puerto Rico in men's international football, and are governed by the Federación Puertorriqueña de Fútbol (English: Puerto Rican Football Federation). The team's nickname is El Huracán Azul meaning The Blue Hurricane. They are members of the Caribbean Football Union, and part of CONCACAF. The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup or the CONCACAF Gold Cup.
Zhu Shizhe
Zhu Shizhe (simplified Chinese: 朱师辙; traditional Chinese: 朱師轍; pinyin: Zhū Shīzhé; Wade–Giles: Chu Shih-che, born 1879, died 1969 in Hangzhou) with the courtesy name Shaobin (少濱), was a Chinese scholar who is known for his book on the Book of Lord Shang (Shangjun shu) and his biographical contributions to the Draft History of Qing (Qingshi gao).

Draft History of Qing
The Draft History of Qing (Chinese: 清史稿; pinyin: Qīngshǐ gǎo) is a draft of the official history of the Qing dynasty compiled and written by a team of over 100 historians led by Zhao Erxun who were hired by the Beiyang government of the Republic of China. The draft was published in 1928, but the Chinese Civil War caused a lack of funding for the project and it was put to an end in 1930. The two sides of the Chinese civil war, the People's Republic of China and Republic of China have attempted to complete it.
Daniel R. McLeod
Daniel R. McLeod (October 6, 1913 – May 5, 1985), also known as Dan McLeod, was an American attorney and politician. He served as attorney general of South Carolina from 1959 to 1983. At the time of his retirement, he was the longest serving state attorney general in the United States.

South Carolina Attorney General
The attorney general of South Carolina is a statewide elected attorney and South Carolina's chief legal officer and prosecutor. They are a constitutional officer responsible for providing legal opinions to the legislative and executive branch, represent state officers in civil suits, and appear on behalf of the State in all cases before the Supreme Court of the United States and all appellate courts.
Clive Doyle
Clive Joseph Doyle (24 February 1941 – 8 June 2022) was an Australian leader in the Branch Davidian movement after the Waco siege in 1993. He was a Branch Davidian and a Davidian Seventh-day Adventist before the Waco siege. Doyle was one of nine survivors of the 19 April 1993 fire that destroyed the Mount Carmel Center at the end of the siege. He along with other survivors built a new chapel on the site of the siege in 1999.

Shepherd's Rod
The Shepherd's Rod or Davidian Seventh-day Adventists movement was founded in 1929 by Victor Houteff. He joined the Seventh-day Adventist Church in 1919 and was later excommunicated from the church in 1930 for promoting "heretical" doctrines that he claimed were new revelations from God to further Adventist theology.

The official organizational name was adopted in 1942 as The Davidian Seventh-day Adventists but its message was still referred to as "The Shepherd’s Rod" by both members and critics. The name is a reference to Victor Houteff's initial and most important publication, The Shepherd's Rod. It finds its origin in the Bible, namely, the book of Micah 6:9; 7:14. It reached its peak in the early 1950s with thousands of adherents before splintering into various factions after Victor Houteff's death in 1955. There are various groups claiming Victor Houteff's theology today. They claim a number of unique doctrines that are said to be for the Seventh-day Adventist denomination.
Scouting and Guiding in Uganda
Scouting and Guiding in Uganda encompasses the activities of the Scout Movement and Girl Guide movement in the Republic of Uganda. The movement was first established during the British colonial period in 1915, making it one of the oldest Scout organizations in East Africa. The Uganda Scouts Association serves as the national scouting organization for boys and young men, while the Uganda Girl Guides Association serves girls and young women. Both organizations are members of their respective world organizations: the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) and the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS).

Girl Guides
Girl Guides (or Girl Scouts in the United States and some other countries) are organisations within the Scout Movement originally and largely still for girls and women only. The Girl Guides began in 1910 with the formation of The Girl Guides Association in the United Kingdom, following which, similar girl-only organisations were formed in other countries. Many girls and some organisations preferred to use the name Girl Scouts.
Mary Frances Schervier
Mary Frances Schervier, (German: Franziska Schervier; 3 January 1819 – 14 December 1876) was a German Catholic nun who founded two congregations of religious sisters of the Third Order Regular of St. Francis, both committed to serving the neediest of the poor. One, the Poor Sisters of St. Francis, is based in her native Germany, and the other, the Franciscan Sisters of the Poor, was later formed from its province in the United States.

Schervier was beatified by Pope Paul VI in 1974.

Religious sister
A religious sister (abbreviated: Sr.) is a Christian woman who has taken public vows in a religious order dedicated to apostolic works. Though often referred to as nuns, they are canonically distinct. Nuns, religious sisters and canonesses all use the term "Sister" as a form of address. Religious sisters are found in various traditions of Christianity, particularly Catholicism, Evangelical Lutheranism and Anglicanism. In the Catholic Church, religious sisters are associated with a religious institute.
Rank-finiteness
In mathematics, rank-finiteness for fusion categories is a collection of related theorems and conjectures about structures related to fusion categories. The question is whether or not a given categorical structure related to fusion categories has finitely many or infinitely many equivalence classes of a given rank. The original result in this direction was Ocneanu rigidity, which asserts that every fusion ring has finitely many categorifications. A particularly relevant example to condensed matter physics is the rank-finiteness theorem for modular tensor categories.

Here and throughout, the rank of a fusion category refers to the number of isomorphism classes of simple objects it has.

Fusion category
In mathematics, a fusion category is a category that is abelian, -linear, semisimple, monoidal, and rigid, and has only finitely many isomorphism classes of simple objects, such that the monoidal unit is simple. If the ground field  is algebraically closed, then the latter is equivalent to  by Schur's lemma.
Southern Tomb 23
Southern Tomb 23 is a sepulchre in Amarna, Egypt. It was used for the burial of Any, whose titles included, Royal scribe, Scribe of the offering-table of the Aten, Steward of the estate of Aakheperura (Amenhotep II).

Amarna
Amarna (/əˈmɑːrnə/; Arabic: العمارنة, romanized: al-ʿAmārna) is an extensive ancient Egyptian archaeological site containing the ruins of Akhetaten, the capital city during the late Eighteenth Dynasty. The city was established in 1346 BC, built at the direction of the Pharaoh Akhenaten, and abandoned shortly after his death in 1332 BC.

The site is on the east bank of the Nile River, in what today is the Egyptian province of Minya. It is about 58 km (36 mi) south of the city of al-Minya, 312 km (194 mi) south of the Egyptian capital, Cairo, and 402 km (250 mi) north of Luxor (site of the previous capital, Thebes). The city of Deir Mawas lies directly to its west. On the east side of Amarna there are several modern villages, the chief of which are l-Till in the north and el-Hagg Qandil in the south.

Activity in the region flourished from the Amarna Period until the later Roman era.
St. Mary's International School
St. Mary's International School is a private international school for boys located in the Setagaya ward of Tokyo, Japan. The school consists of an elementary, middle, and high school, all located in the Setagaya campus. The school’s primary language of instruction is English, and it also offers the International Baccalaureate program.

Originally established to serve the children of foreign residents in Tokyo with a Western-style, English-language curriculum, over time it has welcomed a growing number of Japanese students seeking international education. Though rooted in teaching of Catholic tradition, the school accepts students of all faiths and backgrounds. Religious education is offered, and Catholic students may attend Mass, though participation is voluntary.

American School in Japan
The American School in Japan (ASIJ; Japanese: アメリカンスクール・イン・ジャパン) is an international private day school located in the city of Chōfu, Tokyo, Japan.  The school consists of an elementary school, a middle school, and a high school, all located on the Chōfu campus.  There is also an early learning center (nursery-kindergarten) for children aged 3–5 located in the Roppongi Hills complex in downtown Tokyo.  Instruction is in English and follows an American-style curriculum. About two thirds of the school's students are the children of citizens of a wide variety of countries who are on temporary assignment in Japan, and the remaining one third are Japanese students who speak English.
Joe Cator
Joe Cator (born 15 June 1998) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays as a loose forward for Toulouse Olympique in the Championship.

He played for Hull Kingston Rovers in the Championship and the Super League, and on loan from Hull KR at the Coventry Bears and the Newcastle Thunder in League 1. Cator also played for the Leigh Centurions in the Championship.

Leigh Leopards
The Leigh Leopards are a professional rugby league club based in Leigh, Greater Manchester, England. Leigh play homes games at Leigh Sports Village and compete in Super League, the top tier of British rugby league.

Leigh Leopards have won the League Championship twice and Challenge Cup three times.

The clubs traditional home colours are red and white. They have a local rivalry with Wigan Warriors.
2016 Gold Coast 600
The 2016 Castrol Gold Coast 600 was a motor racing event for Supercars, held on the weekend of 21 to 23 October 2016. The event was held at the Surfers Paradise Street Circuit in Surfers Paradise, Queensland, and consisted of two races of 300 kilometres in length. It was the twelfth event of fourteen in the 2016 International V8 Supercars Championship and hosted Races 22 and 23 of the season. It was also the third and final event of the 2016 Pirtek Enduro Cup. It was the seventh running of the Gold Coast 600.

2016 International V8 Supercars Championship
The 2016 International V8 Supercars Championship (often simplified to the 2016 V8 Supercars Championship and known from 1 July as the 2016 Virgin Australia Supercars Championship) was an FIA-sanctioned international motor racing series for Supercars. It was the eighteenth running of the Supercars Championship and the twentieth series in which Supercars have contested the premier Australian touring car title.

Mark Winterbottom started the season as the defending drivers' champion, while Triple Eight Race Engineering were the defending teams' champions.

Shane van Gisbergen, driving for Triple Eight Race Engineering, secured his first championship title with one race remaining, winning eight races during the season. Triple Eight Race Engineering won the Teams' Championship for the seventh consecutive season. Van Gisbergen, along with Alexandre Prémat, also won the Pirtek Enduro Cup.
Thomas Heurtel
Thomas David Heurtel (French pronunciation: [tɔmɑ œʁtɛl]; born 10 April 1989) is a French professional basketball player for ASVEL Basket of the French LNB Pro A and the EuroLeague. Standing at 1.89 m (6 ft 2+1⁄2 in), he plays at the point guard position.

LNB Élite
The LNB Élite, currently known for sponsorship reasons as Betclic Élite, is a professional basketball league in France and is the highest level of the French basketball system. The competition has existed since 1921. Since 1987, the Ligue Nationale de Basket (LNB) has governed the league.

Formerly known as the LNB Pro A, each season consists of 16 teams. The bottom two placed teams from each season are relegated to the second tier level Élite 2. The winner of the play-offs of the league are crowned the French national champions.
Jack O'Connor (Wexford hurler)
Jack O'Connor (born 1995) is an Irish hurler who plays for Wexford Championship club St Martin's and at inter-county level with the Wexford senior hurling team. He usually plays as a right wing-forward, but can also be deployed as a left wing-back.

Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The Wexford Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Pettitt's SuperValu Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Wexford GAA clubs. The Wexford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1889.

St Martin's are the title holders after defeating Rathnure by 2-14 to 0–16 in the final.
Fenpropathrin
Fenpropathrin, or fenopropathrin, is a widely used pyrethroid insecticide in agriculture and household. Fenpropathrin is an ingestion and contact synthetic pyrethroid. Its mode of action is similar to other natural (pyrethrum) and synthetic pyrethroids where in they interfere with the kinetics of voltage gated sodium channels causing paralysis and death of the pest. Fenpropathrin was the first of the light-stable synthetic pyrethroids to be synthesized in 1971, but it was not commercialized until 1980. Like other pyrethroids with an α-cyano group, fenpropathrin also belongs to the termed type II pyrethroids (e.g. cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and esfenvalerate). Type II pyrethroids are a more potent toxicant than type I in depolarizing insect nerves. Application rates of fenpropathrin in agriculture according to US environmental protection agency (EPA) varies by crop but is not to exceed 0.4 lb ai/acre.

Pyrethroid
A pyrethroid is an organic compound similar to the natural pyrethrins, which are produced by the flowers of pyrethrums (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and C. coccineum). Pyrethroids are used as commercial and household insecticides.

In household concentrations pyrethroids are generally harmless to humans.  However, pyrethroids are toxic to insects such as bees, dragonflies, mayflies, gadflies, and some other invertebrates, including those that constitute the base of aquatic and terrestrial food webs. Pyrethroids are toxic to aquatic organisms, especially fish. They have been shown to be an effective control measure for malaria outbreaks, through indoor applications.
Aristarchian symbols
Aristarchian symbols are editorial marks developed during the Hellenistic period and the early Roman Empire for annotating then-ancient Greek texts—mainly the works of Homer. They were used to highlight missing text, text which was discrepant between sources, and text which appeared in the wrong place.

Two main types of ancient Greek philological annotations can be distinguished: signs and explicit notes. Aristarchian symbols are signs.

Annotation
An annotation is extra information associated with a particular point in a document or other piece of information. It can be a note that includes a comment or explanation. Annotations are sometimes presented in the margin of book pages. For annotations of different digital media, see web annotation and text annotation.
14th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards
The 14th AARP Movies for Grownups Awards, presented by AARP the Magazine, honored films released in 2014 made by and for people over the age of 50. The awards were announced by the magazine on January 10, 2015, with the winners recognized at a ceremony hosted by John Leguizamo at the Beverly Wilshire Hotel on February 2. Israel Horovitz won the award for Breakthrough Achievement for his directorial debut, My Old Lady, and Kevin Costner won the Career Achievement Award.

My Old Lady (film)
My Old Lady  is a 2014 comedy-drama film written and directed by Israel Horovitz in his feature directorial debut, based on his 1996 play of the same name. The film stars Maggie Smith, Kevin Kline, Kristin Scott Thomas, and Dominique Pinon. It was screened in the Special Presentations section of the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival.
Tell Hermez
Tell Hermez (Arabic: تل هرمز), also known as Tkhuma (تخوما), is a village near Tell Tamer in western al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria. Administratively it belongs to the Nahiya Tell Tamer.

The village is inhabited by Assyrians belonging to the Ancient Church of the East. At the 2004 census, it had a population of 575.

Assyrians in Syria
Assyrians in Syria (Syriac: ܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܕܣܘܪܝܐ, Arabic: الآشوريون في سوريا) are an ethnic and linguistic minority indigenous to Upper Mesopotamia, the north-eastern half of Syria. Syrian-Assyrians are people of Assyrian descent living in Syria, and those in the Assyrian diaspora who are of Syrian-Assyrian heritage.

They live primarily in Al-Hasakah Governorate, with a significant presence in Hasakah city and the cities of Qamishli, Malikiyah, Ras al-Ayn, and Qahtaniyah, as well as in Tell Tamer and nearby villages. Some have migrated to Damascus and other western cities beyond the border of their indigenous Mesopotamia at the Euphrates River. They share a common history and ethnic identity, rooted in shared linguistic, cultural and religious traditions, with Assyrians in Turkey, Assyrians in Iraq and Assyrians in Iran, as well as with the Assyrian diaspora.