hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Martin Bygate
Martin Bygate (born 1948) is a British linguist. He is currently an honorary professor at the Department of Linguistics and English Language of Lancaster University, United Kingdom. His research focuses on applied linguistics with a special focus on tandem language learning, pedagogical grammar and task-based language learning.

Task-based language teaching
Task-based language teaching (TBLT), also known as task-based instruction (TBI), focuses on the use of authentic language to complete meaningful tasks in the target language. Such tasks can include visiting a doctor, conducting an interview, or calling customer service for help. Assessment is primarily based on task outcomes (the appropriate completion of real-world tasks) rather than on accuracy of prescribed language forms. This makes TBLT especially popular for developing target language fluency and student confidence. As such, TBLT can be considered a branch of communicative language teaching (CLT).
Albert Meyong
Albert Meyong Zé (born 19 October 1980), known as Meyong, is a Cameroonian former professional footballer who played as a striker, currently a manager.

He spent most of his professional career in Portugal, amassing Primeira Liga totals of 231 matches and 79 goals over 13 seasons and representing mainly in the competition Vitória de Setúbal (seven years) and Braga (three and a half).

Meyong appeared with Cameroon at the 2006 Africa Cup of Nations.

Cameroon national football team
The Cameroon national football team (French: Équipe du Cameroun de football), also known as the Indomitable Lions (French: les lions indomptables), represents Cameroon in men's international football. It is controlled by the Fédération Camerounaise de Football, a member of FIFA and its African confederation CAF.

The team has qualified for the FIFA World Cup eight times, more than any other African team, and four times in a row between 1990 and 2002. However, the team has only made it out of the group stage once. They were the first African team to reach the quarter-final of the World Cup in 1990, losing to England in extra time. They have also won five Africa Cup of Nations.

Cameroon is the first and, as of 2022, only African country to win against Brazil in tournament play, defeating them in the 2003 Confederations Cup and 2022 FIFA World Cup by identical 1–0 scores.
Whaling in Chile
Whaling was an important economic activity in Chile from the 19th century to 1983, when the last whale was hunted in Chilean waters.

Indigenous, Basque, New England, Norwegian and Japanese whaling traditions have been present in Chilean waters.

Whaling in Norway
Whaling in Norway involves hunting of minke whales for use as animal and human food in Norway and for export to Japan. Whale hunting has been a part of Norwegian coastal culture for centuries, and commercial operations targeting the minke whale have occurred since the early 20th century. Some still continue the practice in the modern day, within annual quotas.
Danny Masterson
Daniel Peter Masterson (born March 13, 1976)  is an American actor. He portrayed Steven Hyde in That '70s Show (1998–2006), Milo Foster in Men at Work (2012–2014), and Jameson "Rooster" Bennett in The Ranch (2016–2018).

In 2023, Masterson was convicted of raping two women in 2003, and is currently serving a 30 years to life prison sentence. A third count of rape resulted in a hung jury. Masterson is a Scientologist, as were his victims at the time of the assaults. The Church of Scientology's attempts to silence the victims, and other interference, delayed bringing the crimes to justice for 20 years.

Hung jury
A hung jury, also called a deadlocked jury, is a judicial jury that cannot agree upon a verdict after extended deliberation and is unable to reach the required unanimity or supermajority. A hung jury may result in the case being tried again.

This situation can occur only in common law legal systems. Civil law systems either do not use juries at all or provide that the defendant is immediately acquitted if the majority or supermajority required for conviction is not reached during a singular, solemn vote.
Anthony Foley
Anthony Gerard Foley (30 October 1973 – 16 October 2016) was an Irish rugby union player and head coach of Munster. He was attached to the same squad during his professional playing career. He was a member of the Munster team that won the 2002–03 Celtic League and was the winning captain during their 2005–06 Heineken Cup success. Foley played for Ireland from 1995 until 2005 and captained the squad on three occasions.

2005–06 Heineken Cup
The 2005–06 Heineken Cup was the eleventh edition of the European Heineken Cup rugby union club tournament. 24 teams from 7 countries took part, with the opening game played on Friday October 21, 2005. Munster won the tournament, beating Biarritz in the final held at Millennium Stadium, Cardiff, on 20 May 2006.

The teams were divided into six pools of four, in which teams played home and away matches against each other. The winners of the pools, together with the two best runners-up, qualified for the knock-out stage.
Broadford railway station
Broadford railway station is a regional railway station on the Tocumwal line. It serves the town of Broadford, in Victoria, Australia. Broadford is a ground level part-time staffed station, featuring two side platforms. It opened on 18 April 1872, with the current station provided in 1960.

Tocumwal railway line, Victoria
The Tocumwal railway line is a 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) gauge railway line in Victoria, Australia. The line runs between the border town of Tocumwal in New South Wales to Southern Cross station in Melbourne. The line is used by various passenger and freight trains serving the northern suburbs of Melbourne and northern regions of Victoria.
Kiyama Island
Kiyama Island (Japanese: 木山島) is an uninhabited island of the Amami Islands within the larger Satsunan Islands, Japan, administratively belonging to Setouchi, Ōshima District, Kagoshima Prefecture. It is just 300 meters from Ukejima and can be reached by a jeep track from Ukeamuro town on Ukejima. There is a diving and fishing spot and a beach on the island.

Uninhabited island
An uninhabited island, desert island, or deserted island, is an island, islet or atoll which lacks permanent human population. Uninhabited islands are often depicted in films or stories about shipwrecked people, and are also used as stereotypes for the idea of "paradise". Some uninhabited islands are protected as nature reserves, and some are privately owned. Devon Island in Canada's far north is the largest uninhabited island in the world.

Small coral atolls or islands usually have no source of fresh water, but occasionally a freshwater lens can be reached with a well.
Priority encoder
A priority encoder is a circuit or algorithm that compresses multiple binary inputs into a smaller number of outputs, similar to a simple encoder. The output of a priority encoder is the binary representation of the index of the most significant activated line. In contrast to the simple encoder, if two or more inputs to the priority encoder are active at the same time, the input having the highest priority will take precedence. It is an improvement on a simple encoder because it can handle all possible input combinations, but at the cost of extra logic.

Applications of priority encoders include their use in interrupt controllers (to allow some interrupt requests to have higher priority than others), decimal or binary encoding, and analog-to-digital / digital to-analog conversion.

Binary code
A binary code is the value of a data-encoding convention represented in a binary notation that usually is a sequence of 0s and 1s, sometimes called a bit string. For example, ASCII is an 8-bit text encoding that in addition to the human readable form (letters) can be represented as binary. Binary code can also refer to the mass noun code that is not human readable in nature such as machine code and bytecode.

Even though all modern computer data is binary in nature, and therefore can be represented as binary, other numerical bases may be used. Power of 2 bases (including hex and octal) are sometimes considered binary code since their power-of-2 nature makes them inherently linked to binary. Decimal is, of course, a commonly used representation. For example, ASCII characters are often represented as either decimal or hex. Some types of data such as image data is sometimes represented as hex, but rarely as decimal.
Sociology of gender
Sociology of gender is a subfield of sociology. As one of the most important social structures is status (position that an individual possesses which affects how they are treated by society). One of the most important statuses an individual claims is gender. Public discourse and the academic literature generally use the term gender for the perceived or projected (self-identified) masculinity or femininity of a person.

Masculinity
Masculinity (also called manhood or manliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with men and boys. Masculinity can be theoretically understood as socially constructed, and there is also evidence that some behaviors considered masculine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent masculinity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is distinct from the definition of the biological male sex, as anyone can exhibit masculine traits. Standards of masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods. In Western cultures, its meaning is traditionally drawn from being contrasted with femininity.
Excepted service
The excepted service is the part of the United States federal civil service that is not part of either the competitive service or the Senior Executive Service. It allows streamlined hiring processes to be used under certain circumstances.

Senior Executive Service (United States)
The Senior Executive Service (SES) is a position classification in the United States federal civil service equivalent to general officer or flag officer rank in the U.S. Armed Forces. It was created in 1979 when the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 went into effect under President Jimmy Carter.
Aereon 26
The Aereon 26 (stylized as AEREON 26) was an experimental aircraft developed to investigate lifting body design with a view to using its shape to create hybrid designs, part airship, part conventional aircraft. It was powered by a piston engine, driving a pusher propeller, and generated lift through the aerodynamics of its lozenge-shaped fuselage.

Although results of flight tests conducted in 1971 were promising, funding for larger and semi-buoyant aircraft was not forthcoming at the time. The story of the test program was  recounted by John McPhee in his book The Deltoid Pumpkin Seed (ISBN 0-374-51635-9). This aircraft has a special place in UFO and conspiracy lore, since enthusiasts have drawn parallels between the shape of this aircraft and some reported UFOs from around the same era.

Pusher configuration
In aeronautical and naval engineering, pusher configuration is the term used to describe a drivetrain of air- or watercraft with propulsion device(s) after the engine(s).  This is in contrast to the more conventional tractor configuration, which places them in front.

Though the term is most commonly applied to aircraft, its most ubiquitous propeller example is a common outboard motor for a small boat.

“Pusher configuration” describes the specific (propeller or ducted fan) thrust device attached to a craft, either aerostats (airship) or aerodynes (aircraft, WIG, paramotor, rotorcraft) or others types such as hovercraft, airboats, and propeller-driven snowmobiles.
Site of the First National Congress of the Kuomintang
The Site of the First National Congress of the Kuomintang  (simplified Chinese: 中国国民党第一次全国代表大会旧址; traditional Chinese: 中國國民黨第一次全國代表大會舊址; pinyin: Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng Dìyīcì Quánguó Dàibiǎo Dàhuì Jiùzhǐ) is the Clock Building on Wenming Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou. The First National Congress of the Chinese Kuomintang was held in the auditorium of the building from January 20 to 30, 1924. The Luxun Memorial Hall is also located here. This place is now a national key cultural relic protection site.

National priority protected site
A national priority protected site is the highest-level national protection for immovable cultural relics in China. The designation was first created under the 1961 Provisional Regulations on the Protection and Management of Cultural Relics, which evolved into the Law on the Protection of Cultural Relics.

According to the 2002 Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the National Cultural Heritage Administration of the State Council selects those with significant historical, artistic, and scientific value as national key cultural relics protection units. National key cultural relics protection units shall not be demolished; if they need to be relocated, they must be reported to the State Council for approval by applications from the people's government of the provincial administrative region.
Sternal angle
The sternal angle (also known as the angle of Lewis, angle of Louis,: 297  angle of Ludovic, or manubriosternal junction) is the projecting: 297  angle formed between the manubrium and body of a sternum at their junction at the manubriosternal joint.: 297

The sternal angle is a palpable and visible landmark in surface anatomy, presenting as either a slight body ridge or depression upon the upper chest wall which corresponds to the underlying manubriosternal joint. The sternal angle is palpable and often visible in young people.: 319

The sternal angle corresponds to the level of the 2nd costal cartilage on either side, and the level between the fourth and fifth thoracic vertebra. The sternal angle is used to define the transverse thoracic plane which represents the imaginary boundary between the superior and inferior mediastinum. It is also used to identify the second rib during physical examination and then the rest of the ribs by counting.

Physical examination
In a physical examination, medical examination, clinical examination, or medical checkup, a medical practitioner examines a patient for any possible medical signs or symptoms of a medical condition. It generally consists of a series of questions about the patient's medical history followed by an examination based on the reported symptoms. Together, the medical history and the physical examination help to determine a diagnosis and devise the treatment plan. These data then become part of the medical record.
Theta Muscae
Theta Muscae (θ Muscae) is a multiple star system in the southern constellation Musca ("the Fly"), containing a Wolf-Rayet star and two massive companions.  With an apparent magnitude of 5.5, it is the second-brightest Wolf–Rayet star in the sky, although much of the visual brightness comes from the massive companions and it is not one of the closest of its type.

Star system
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction. It may sometimes be used to refer to a single star. A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a star cluster or galaxy, although, broadly speaking, they are also star systems. Star systems are not to be confused with planetary systems, which include planets and similar bodies (such as comets).
Ontario Highway 30
King's Highway 30, commonly referred to as Highway 30, was a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The 51.1-kilometre (31.8 mi)-long route connected Highway 2 in Brighton with Highway 7 in Havelock via Campbellford. Established in 1930, the highway initially travelled only as far north as Campbellford. Alongside the construction of Highway 7 between Peterborough and Perth, Highway 30 was extended north to Havelock in 1934. The route remained generally consistent until 1998, when it was decommissioned and transferred to Northumberland County and Peterborough County. Both counties redesignated their portion of the former highway as County Road 30.

Brighton, Ontario
Brighton is a town in Northumberland County, Ontario, Canada, approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) east of Toronto and 100 km (62 mi) west of Kingston. It is traversed by both Highway 401 and the former Highway 2. The west end of the Murray Canal that leads east to the Bay of Quinte is at the east end of the town.

It is home to over 12,108 inhabitants, with a higher than average percentage of those retired.

Presqu'ile Provincial Park, just south of the town centre, is one of Brighton's most popular attractions. The park is notable for bird-watching and other nature-oriented activities. Memory Junction Railway Museum, located in a former Grand Trunk station, had a collection of rail equipment and memorabilia but is currently closed. In late September, Brighton is host to Applefest, its largest yearly festival.
Władysław Turowicz
Władysław Józef Marian Turowicz SPk SI(M) TPk SK SQA (Urdu: ولادیسلاو جوزف مارئین تورووچ, romanized: Vladislav Joseph Torovich; Polish pronunciation: [vwaˈdɨs.waf ˈju.zɛf ˈma.rjan tuˈrɔ.vit͡ʂ] 23 April 1908 – 8 January 1980), usually referred to as W. J. M. Turowicz, was a Polish-Pakistani aviator, military scientist and aeronautical engineer.

He was one of 45 Polish officers and airmen who joined RPAF on contract in the early 1950s. After completion of his initial contract, Turowicz opted to stay on in Pakistan and continued to serve in the Pakistan Air Force. Turowicz was the administrator of Pakistan's Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO), which leads the national space programme, from 1967 to 1970.

Turowicz made significant contributions to Pakistan's missile/rocket program as a chief aeronautical engineer. In Pakistan, he remains highly respected as a scientist and noted aeronautical engineer.

Civil awards and decorations of Pakistan
Civil awards and decorations of Pakistan are awards and decorations which are bestowed by the Government of Pakistan for acts of accomplishment benefiting the nation as a whole. It was established after the constitution of Pakistan was passed in 1973. The announcement of civil awards is generally made once a year on Independence Day, August 14, and their investiture takes place on the following Pakistan Day, March 23. According to Article 259 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973, along with the Decorations Act, 1975, the President of Pakistan confers civil awards on Pakistani citizens in recognition of gallantry. Awards for Pride of Performance are conferred for outstanding achievements in the fields of art, literature, science, sports and nursing.
Villa Marina, Isle of Man
The Villa Marina is an entertainment venue in Douglas, Isle of Man, which forms part of the wider Villa-Gaiety complex. It is located on Harris Promenade, looking out onto Douglas Bay, and comprises the Royal Hall, Broadway Cinema, Promenade Suite, Colonnade Suite, Dragon's Castle and the Villa Marina Gardens. The architect was Alban Jones, whose design was chosen in an open competition judged by Professor Stanley Adshead of Liverpool University.

Prof. Adshead was an eminent designer of entertainment buildings for seaside resorts, his work including:
the Royal Victoria Pavilion, Ramsgate; the Worthing Lido; the Pavilion Theatre and Worthing Pier.

Douglas Harbour
Douglas Harbour (Manx: Purt Varrey Ghoolish) is located near Douglas Head at the southern end of Douglas, the capital of the Isle of Man. It is the island's main commercial shipping port. The Port of Douglas was the first in the world to be equipped with radar.
Solly Shoke
General Solly Zacharia Shoke, OMBG, SBS, MMS, OMS (born 15 August 1956) is a South African military commander. He joined uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK), the military wing of the African National Congress, in the 1970s, and served as a field commander fighting against the South African government in the 1980s. He transferred to the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) when MK was incorporated into it in 1994, and  served as Chief of the South African National Defence Force 2011 to 30 May 2021.

Merit Medal in Silver
The Merit Medal in Silver, post-nominal letters MMS, was instituted by the President of the Republic of South Africa in April 1996. It was awarded to veteran cadres of Umkhonto we Sizwe, the military wing of the African National Congress, who had distinguished themselves during the "struggle" by exceptionally meritorious service and particular devotion to duty.
Darwin Cerén
Darwin Adelso Cerén Delgado  (born 31 December 1989) is a Salvadoran professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Primera División club Águila, which he captains, and the El Salvador national team. He is the most capped player in El Salvador history.

C.D. Águila
Club Deportivo Águila, commonly known as Águila, is a Salvadoran professional football club based in San Miguel. The club currently competes in Primera División, the top tier of El Salvador football league system.

Águila is one of the most successful clubs in El Salvador football history, with seventeen Primera División championships, one Copa Presidente, and one CONCACAF Champions' Cup. Their 1976 CONCACAF Champions' Cup 1976 title made them the second Salvadoran team to win a CONCACAF title.

Since 1956, Águila have played their home games at Estadio Juan Francisco Barraza located in San Miguel.

Aguila is one of the most widely supported football clubs in El Salvador, and has a long standing rivalry with neighbours Dragón, known as the San Miguel derby, and also competes with power club FAS, known as El Clásico (English: The Classic).
1955 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1955 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 67th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.

St. Nicholas' entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 23 October 1955, Lees won the championship following a 3-04 to 0-09 defeat of Macroom in the final at the Cork Athletic Grounds. This was their 12th and final championship title overall and their first title since 1923.

1923 Cork Senior Football Championship
The 1923 Cork Senior Football Championship was the 35th staging of the Cork Senior Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.

University College Cork were the defending champions.

On 20 January 1924, Lees won the championship following a 0–03 to 0–02 defeat of Youghal in the final at the Cork Athletic Grounds. This was their 11th championship title overall and their first title since 1914.
Fort McMurray Oil Barons
The Fort McMurray Oil Barons are a Junior A ice hockey team in the Alberta Junior Hockey League (AJHL). They play in Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada at the Centerfire Place. The Oil Barons have won three AJHL playoff championships, three regular season titles, and one National Junior A Championship.

Centennial Cup
The Centennial Cup is an annual ice hockey tournament organized by Hockey Canada and the Canadian Junior Hockey League (CJHL), which determines the national champion of junior A ice hockey. It consists of a ten-team round robin featuring the winners of all nine CJHL member leagues as well as a pre-selected host city.

The championship has also been known as the National Junior A Championship in 2019, it was formerly known as the Royal Bank Cup from 1996 to 2018 and the Manitoba Centennial Cup from 1971 to 1995. It is currently branded as the Centennial Cup after Tim Hortons, the title sponsor of the 2022 tournament, withdrew future sponsorship in response to the Hockey Canada sexual assault scandal.