hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tamás Terlaky
Tamás Terlaky is a Hungarian-Canadian-American professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering at Lehigh University. He is especially well known for his work on criss-cross algorithms, interior-point methods, Klee-Minty examples for path following algorithms, and optimization.

Klee–Minty cube
The Klee–Minty cube or Klee–Minty polytope (named after Victor Klee and George J. Minty) is a unit hypercube of variable dimension whose corners have been perturbed. Klee and Minty demonstrated that George Dantzig's simplex algorithm has poor worst-case performance when initialized at one corner of their "squashed cube". On the three-dimensional version, the simplex algorithm and the criss-cross algorithm visit all 8 corners in the worst case.

In particular, many optimization algorithms for linear optimization exhibit poor performance when applied to the Klee–Minty cube. In 1973 Klee and Minty showed that Dantzig's simplex algorithm was not a polynomial-time algorithm when applied to their cube. Later, modifications of the Klee–Minty cube have shown poor behavior both for other basis-exchange pivoting algorithms and also for interior-point algorithms.
A. V. Rama Rao
Alla Venkata Rama Rao (born 2 April 1935) is an Indian inventor and chemist, known for his pioneering research in the field of drug technology. He is the founder of the A. V. Rama Rao Research Foundation, a non governmental organization promoting research and doctoral studies in chemistry and Avra Laboratories, an organization dealing in intermediates and active pharmaceutical ingredients, used in therapeutics. An elected fellow of the Indian National Science Academy, Indian Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, India, and Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Rama Rao is a recipient of several awards such as TWAS Technology Award, VASVIK Industrial Research Award and Om Prakash Bhasin Award. The Government of India awarded him the Padma Shri in 1991 and the Padma Bhushan in 2016.

Indian National Science Academy
The Indian National Science Academy (INSA) is a national academy in New Delhi for Indian scientists in all branches of science and technology.

In 2015 INSA has constituted a junior wing for young scientists in the country named Indian National Young Academy of Sciences (INYAS) in line with other national young academies. INYAS is the academy for young scientists in India as a national young academy and is affiliated with Global Young Academy. INYAS is also a signatory of the declaration on the Core Values of Young Academies, adopted at World Science Forum, Budapest on 20 November 2019. Prof.Shekhar C. Mande is the serving president (2026-present).
Oyugis
Oyugis is the second-largest town (after Homa Bay town) in Homa Bay County in Nyanza Kenya. The town lies along the Kisumu-Kisii highway. It is the commercial and financial centre of Rachuonyo Sub-County in Homa Bay County of the former Nyanza Province.

Though small in comparison to neighbouring Kisii, Oyugis has recently registered fast growth especially since the creation of the district and increased use of the town by NGOs operating in the area and the Sondu Miriu hydroelectric power station.

Kisii, Kenya
Kisii (also known as Bosongo) is a municipality and urban centre in south-western Kenya and the capital  city of Kisii County. Kisii Town also serves as a major urban and commercial centre in the Gusii Highlands—Kisii and Nyamira counties—and the South Nyanza region and is the second largest town in  formerly greater Nyanza after Kisumu City. Kisii municipality sits right at the centre of the western Kenya tourist circuit that includes the Tabaka Soapstone Carvings, Maasai Mara, Ruma National Park and part of the Lake Victoria Basin.
Herut – The National Movement
Herut – The National Movement (Hebrew: חרות – התנועה הלאומית, Herut – HaTnu'a HaLeumit), commonly known as just Herut (חרות‎), was a minor right-wing political party in Israel. Though it saw itself as the ideological successor to the historical Herut party (which merged into Likud) it was a new and separate party. It participated in the 1999, 2003 and 2006 elections.

2003 Israeli legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Israel on 28 January 2003. The result was a resounding victory for Ariel Sharon's Likud.

The previous separate election for Prime Minister was scrapped, and the post was returned to the leader of the party successfully forming the working coalition government.
Darian calendar
The Darian calendar is a proposed system of timekeeping designed to serve the needs of any possible future human settlers on the planet Mars. It was created by aerospace engineer, political scientist, and space jurist Thomas Gangale in 1985 and named by him after his son Darius. It was first published in June 1986. In 1998 at the founding convention of the Mars Society the calendar was presented as one of two calendar options to be considered along with eighteen other factors to consider for the colonization of Mars.

Due to the use of 28 sol months, the Darian calendar has no mechanism for synchronization with Earth dates or with synodic periods. It is specifically engineered for Martian cycles, whereas the Gregorian calendar is built for Earth's orbital period and day length. For future settlers, the two systems serve different roles: one provides local seasonal accuracy on Mars, while the other maintains a connection to Earth's legal and social standards.

Mars sol
Sol (borrowed from the Latin word for sun) is a solar day on Mars; that is, a Mars-day. A sol is the apparent interval between two successive returns of the Sun to the same meridian (sundial time) as seen by an observer on Mars. It is one of several units for timekeeping on Mars.

A sol is slightly longer than an Earth day. It is approximately 24 hours, 39 minutes, 35 seconds long. A Martian year is approximately 668.6 sols, equivalent to approximately 687 Earth days or 1.88 Earth years.

The sol was adopted in 1976 during the Viking Lander missions and is a measure of time mainly used by NASA when, for example, scheduling the use of a Mars rover.
Football in Indonesia
Association football is the most popular sport in Indonesia, in terms of annual attendance, participation and revenue. Approximately 60% of the people in Indonesia are interested in football.

Football is played on all levels, from children to middle-aged men. Super League, the Indonesian domestic league is popular. The national body is the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI). The Indonesian football league started around 1930 in the Dutch colonial era.

Football Association of Indonesia
The Football Association of Indonesia (Indonesian: Persatuan Sepakbola Seluruh Indonesia, lit. 'All-Indonesian Football Association'; abbreviated as PSSI) is the governing body of football in Indonesia. It was founded on 19 April 1930. The PSSI joined FIFA in 1952 and the Asian Football Confederation in 1954.
Naga Thein Hlaing
Thein Hlaing (Burmese: သိန်းလှိုင်; also Edward Thompson Hoke Wang; 3 November 1933 – 10 August 2021), known honorifically as Naga Thein Hlaing (Burmese: နာဂသိန်းလှိုင်, pronounced [nàga̰ θéɪɰ̃ l̥àɪɰ̃]), was a Burmese surgeon. He was well known for his performance of endocrine surgery in the Naga Hills of northwestern Burma, using local anesthetic only. Since he was able to cure goitre, which local shamans could not do, Thein Hlaing was recognized by the local residents as  Naga Nat (God of Naga) and was worshiped as a deity.

Naga Thein Hlaing is highly respected among Burmese doctors. His life story is still part of popular Burmese medical history, in which he is portrayed as a heroic figure.

Naga people
Nagas are various Tibeto-Burman ethnic groups native to northeastern India and northwestern Myanmar. The groups have similar cultures and traditions, and form the majority of population in the Indian state of Nagaland and Naga Self-Administered Zone of Myanmar (Burma); with significant populations in Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India, and Sagaing Region and Kachin State in Myanmar.

The Nagas are divided into various Naga ethnic groups whose numbers and populations are unclear. They each speak distinct Naga languages often unintelligible to the others, but all are loosely connected to each other.
Ajaigarh State
Ajaigarh State was a princely state in Bundelkhand, Central India, during the British Raj. It was founded around 1765 CE by Raja Guman Singh, a chieftain of the Bundela Rajput clan and a relative of the ruling family of Orchha State. He established the state by fortifying the hilltop settlement of Ajaigarh following the fragmentation of Mughal authority in the region. The rulers of Ajaigarh initially bore the title Raja, which was later elevated to Sawai Maharaja during the British era.

The state was part of the Bundelkhand Agency under the Central India Agency, and acceded to the Union of India in 1948. Ajaigarh is known for the imposing Ajaigarh Fort, which served as the political and military center of the state.

Panna State
Panna State was a kingdom and later princely state of colonial India, located in modern Panna district of Madhya Pradesh.

The state of Panna belonged to the Bundelkhand Agency and covered an area of, 6724 km2 with 1,008 villages within its borders in 1901. It took its name from the chief town in the area, Panna, which was the capital of the state.
Adam Wade (storyteller)
Adam Wade is an American storyteller. He is a record-holding 20-time winner of The Moth's StorySlam. He also acted alongside Shonali Bhowmik in the 2013 short comedy Sardines Out Of A Can. A story of his was featured on the Moth podcast in January 2009. He has made appearances on Tough Crowd with Colin Quinn and Late Night with Conan O'Brien. He published his Audible Original audiobook titled You Ought to Know Adam Wade in 2020.

Shonali Bhowmik
Shonali Bhowmik (born 20th century) is an American musician, actress, screenwriter, and producer.  She also was one of the hosts of the Upright Citizens Brigade show Variety SHAC. She has performed in the bands Tigers and Monkeys, and Ultrababyfat.
Florence DiGennaro Reed
Florence DiGennaro Reed is a licensed behavior analyst and researcher who studies how to improve the quality of health and human services using organizational behavior management. She was a professor in and chairperson of the Department of Applied Behavioral Science at the University of Kansas until becoming the Chief Operating Officer of the Behavior Analyst Certification Board.

Organizational behavior management
Organizational behavior management (OBM) is a subdiscipline of applied behavior analysis (ABA), which is the application of behavior analytic principles and contingency management techniques to change behavior in organizational settings. Through these principles and assessment of behavior, OBM seeks to analyze and employ antecedent, influencing actions of an individual before the action occurs, and consequence, what happens as a result of someone's actions, interventions which influence behaviors linked to the mission and key objectives of the organization and its workers. Such interventions have proven effective through research in improving common organizational areas including employee productivity, delivery of feedback, safety, and overall morale of said organization.
Javaid Laghari
Javaid Laghari, TI (Urdu: جاويد لغارى; born 1960) is a Pakistani American academic, scientist, and politician who has served several prominent positions, including as Senator and the Chairperson of the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan from August 2009 to August 2013 with the status of a Federal Minister. He has also contributed to scientific research, higher education, and policy development both in Pakistan and internationally.

Tamgha-e-Imtiaz
Tamgha-e-Imtiaz (Urdu: تمغۂِ امتیاز, lit. 'Medal of Excellence'), also spelled as Tamgha-i-Imtiaz, is a state-bestowed honour of Pakistan. It is given to any civilian in Pakistan based on their achievements. While it is a civilian/military award, it can be bestowed upon officers of the Pakistan Armed Forces and worn on their uniform. It can also be awarded to foreign citizens who have performed great service to Pakistan.
Tverskaya Street
Tverskaya Street (Russian: Тверская улица, IPA: [tvʲɪrˈskajə ˈulʲɪt͡sə]), known between 1935 and 1990 as Gorky Street (Russian: улица Горького), is the main radial street in Moscow. The street runs Northwest from the central Manege Square in the direction of Saint Petersburg and terminates at the Garden Ring, giving the name to Tverskoy District. The route continues further as First Tverskaya-Yamskaya Street, Leningradsky Avenue and Leningradskoye Highway.

Leningradskoye Highway
Leningradskoye Highway (Russian: Ленинградское шоссе) is a part of the M10 federal highway Moscow – Saint Petersburg inside Moscow. One of the major thruways of Russia's capital, it connects Moscow with several large commuter towns such as Khimki and Zelenograd, as well as with Sheremetyevo Airport.
Dominion of Canada Rifle Association
The Dominion of Canada Rifle Association (DCRA; French: Association de Tir Dominion du Canada) is a Canadian shooting sports organization governing fullbore target rifle disciplines. The Association was founded in 1868 and incorporated by an Act of Parliament 63-64 Victoria Chapter 99, assented to July 7, 1900, to promote and encourage the training of marksmanship throughout Canada.

The DCRA is a member of the International Confederation of Fullbore Rifle Associations and sends teams to World Championships every four years. As of 2022, DCRA teams had won the Palma Trophy four times for Canada - in 1901; 1967; 1972 and 1982.

National Rifle Association (United Kingdom)
The National Rifle Association (NRA) is the national governing body for fullbore rifle and pistol shooting sports in the United Kingdom founded in 1859. Its main activities includes organising civilian target shooting and selecting British teams to contest the ICFRA World Championships. The National Shooting Centre (NSC) in Bisley, Surrey serves as its main training facility.
Inimicus sinensis
Inimicus sinensis, also known as the spotted ghoul, Chinese stinger, spotted stingerfish, or spotted stonefish, is a member of the Inimicus genus of venomous fishes. It is a member of the Synanceiidae (devilfishes, goblinfishes, and stonefishes) family of the Scorpaeniformes order of ray-finned fishes. These benthic fishes are found on sandy or silty substrates of lagoon and seaward reefs, in coastal regions of tropical oceans. Like all the other known species of Inimicus, I. sinensis is a demersal ambush predator. They are nocturnal, and often dig themselves partially into the sandy seabed during the day.

Demersal fish
Demersal fish, also known as groundfish, live and feed on or near the bottom of seas or lakes (the demersal zone). They occupy the sea floors and lake beds, which usually consist of mud, sand, gravel or rocks. In coastal waters, they are found on or near the continental shelf, and in deep waters, they are found on or near the continental slope or along the continental rise. They are not generally found in the deepest waters, such as abyssal depths or on the abyssal plain, but they can be found around seamounts and islands. The word demersal comes from the Latin demergere, which means to sink.

Demersal fish are bottom feeders. They can be contrasted with pelagic fish, which live and feed away from the bottom in the open water column.
Demersal fish fillets contain little fish oil (one to four per cent), whereas pelagic fish can contain up to 30 per cent.
Tawata Productions
Tawata Productions is contemporary Māori and Pasifika performing arts company established in 2004 based in Te Whanganui-a-Tara (Wellington), New Zealand. They produce theatre, screen and digital work as well as the festivals: Kia Mau, Breaking Ground and the Pūtahi Festival. Tawata showcases work by Māori, Pasifika and Indigenous writers and makers and is led by Hone Kouka and Mīria George.

Kia Mau Festival
The Kia Mau Festival, previously called Ahi Kaa Festival, is a biennial performing arts festival in Wellington, New Zealand. In te reo Māori, kia mau is "a call to stay - an invitation to join us".

The festival covers Māori, Pasifika and Indigenous performing arts, including comedy, music, dance and theatre, across a variety of venues around the Wellington area.
Henry Allan Fagan
Henry Allan Fagan, QC (4 April 1889 – 6 December 1963) was the Chief Justice of South Africa from 1957 to 1959 and previously a Member of Parliament and the Minister of Native Affairs in J. B. M. Hertzog's government. Fagan had been an early supporter of the Afrikaans language movement and a noted Afrikaans playwright and novelist. Though he was a significant figure in the rise of Afrikaner nationalism and a long-term member of the Broederbond, he later became an important opponent of Hendrik Verwoerd's National Party and is best known for the report of the Fagan Commission, whose relatively liberal approach to racial integration amounted to the Smuts government's last, doomed stand against the policy of apartheid.

Chief Justice of South Africa
The chief justice of South Africa is the most senior judge of the Constitutional Court and head of the judiciary of South Africa, who exercises final authority over the functioning and management of all the courts.

The position of chief justice was created upon the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910, with the chief justice of the Cape Colony, Sir (John) Henry de Villiers (later created The 1st Baron de Villiers), being appointed the first chief justice of the newly created Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa.

Until 1961, the chief justice held a dormant commission as Officer Administering the Government, meaning that if the governor-general died or was incapacitated the chief justice would exercise the powers and duties of the governor-general. This commission was invoked in 1943 under Nicolaas Jacobus de Wet, and in 1959 and 1961 under Lucas Cornelius Steyn.
Goritsa Grancharova
Goritsa Nikolova Grancharova-Kozhareva (Bulgarian: Горица Николова Грънчарова-Кожарева, born 9 April 1966) is a Bulgarian auditor who served as Deputy Chairperson of the Chamber of Audit. A political independent, she was selected to become Prime Minister of Bulgaria and form a caretaker government in August 2024. However, due to nominating the controversial figure of Kalin Stoyanov for Minister of Interior, her appointment to the position was blocked by President Rumen Radev.

Caretaker government
A caretaker government, also known as a caretaker regime, is a temporary ad hoc government that performs some governmental duties and functions in a country until a regular government is elected or formed. Depending on specific practice, it consists of either randomly selected members of parliament or outgoing members until their dismissal.

Caretaker governments in representative democracies are usually limited in their function, serving only to maintain the status quo, rather than truly govern and propose new legislation. Unlike the government it is meant to temporarily replace, a caretaker government does not have a legitimate mandate (electoral approval) to exercise aforementioned functions.
Stefan Bellof
Stefan Bellof (20 November 1957 – 1 September 1985) was a German racing driver. Bellof was the winner of the Drivers' Championship in the 1984 FIA World Endurance Championship, driving for the factory Rothmans Porsche team. His lap record on the Nordschleife configuration at the Nürburgring, set while qualifying for the 1000 km race in 1983, stood for 35 years, when it was beaten by Timo Bernhard in 2018. He also competed in Formula One with Tyrrell Racing during 1984 and 1985. Bellof was killed in an accident during the 1985 1000 km of Spa, a round of the 1985 World Sportscar Championship.

1985 World Sportscar Championship
The 1985 World Sportscar Championship season was the 33rd season of FIA World Sportscar Championship motor racing.  It featured the 1985 World Endurance Championship which was contested over a series of races for Group C1 and Group C2 Prototypes, Group B GT Cars and IMSA GTP cars.  The series ran from 14 April 1985 to 1 December 1985 and was composed of 10 races.

This year marked the introduction of Teams titles for outright, Group C2 and GT Cars, replacing the traditional Manufacturers awards. Outright and Group C2 Drivers titles were also awarded.
Roz Ryan
Roz Ryan (born Rosalyn Bowen) is an American actress, singer and comedian who has worked for productions in film, television, and Broadway theatre for over 40 years. Ryan's first role on Broadway was in Ain't Misbehavin', a Fats Waller-influenced musical revue that debuted in 1978. She is well known for her part in the television show, Amen, for her character Amelia Hetebrink, for being the voice of Thalia, the Muse of Comedy in the 1997 Disney animated film, Hercules, and for guest starring on the Disney Channel sitcom, K.C. Undercover as Grandma Gayle.

Ain't Misbehavin' (musical)
Ain't Misbehavin' is a musical revue with a book by Murray Horwitz and Richard Maltby Jr., and music by various composers and lyricists as arranged and orchestrated by Luther Henderson. It is named after the song by Fats Waller (with Harry Brooks and Andy Razaf), "Ain't Misbehavin'".

The musical is a tribute to the music of Waller (1904–1943), who composed in a time when Manhattan nightclubs such as the Cotton Club and the Savoy Ballroom were the playgrounds of high society and Lenox Avenue dives were filled with piano players banging out the new beat known as swing. Five performers present an evening of rowdy, raunchy, and humorous songs that encapsulate the various moods of the era and reflect Waller's view of life as a journey meant for pleasure and play.
James Rosen (author)
James Martin Rosen is an American journalist and former Pentagon correspondent for McClatchy.  He has covered politics since the 1980s, and has received two National Press Club awards for his reporting in Washington D.C. In 2021 he was honored for general column writing by the Society of Professional Journalists. His articles have been published by the New York Daily News, The News & Observer, the Miami Herald, McClatchy and the Tribune Content Agency. More recently, his columns have run in more than 100 newspapers and news outlets across the country, among them the Boston Globe, Newsday, the Houston Chronicle, and the Detroit Free Press. In 2017 and 2018, he received awards from the Military Reporters and Editors Association for his coverage of the Pentagon.

McClatchy
McClatchy Media Company, also known as McClatchy, is an American publishing company incorporated under Delaware's General Corporation Law. Originally based in Sacramento, California, United States, and known as The McClatchy Company, it became a subsidiary of Chatham Asset Management, headquartered in Chatham Borough, New Jersey, as a result of its 2020 bankruptcy.

The company operates 29 daily newspapers in 14 states and has an average weekday circulation of 1.6 million and Sunday circulation of 2.4 million. In 2006, it purchased Knight Ridder, which at the time was the second-largest newspaper company in the United States. In 2024, McClatchy merged with A360media.

McClatchy journalists have also won nine Pulitzer prizes in their 159-year history, most recently in 2017 for an article on the Panama Papers. They were also finalists in 2015 for articles on government efforts to hide Bush-era CIA Enhanced interrogation techniques.