hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Middleton Formation
The Middleton Formation is a geological formation that extends through the Northern Cape, Western Cape, and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. It overlies the lower Abrahamskraal Formation, and is the eastern correlate, East of 24ºE, of the Teekloof Formation. Outcrops and exposures of the Middleton Formation range from Graaff-Reinet in the Eastern Cape onwards. The Middleton Formation's type locality lies near the small hamlet, Middleton, approximately 25 km south of Cookhouse. Other exposures lie in hillsides along the Great Fish River in the Eastern Cape. The Middleton Formation forms part of the Adelaide Subgroup of the Beaufort Group, which itself forms part of the Karoo Supergroup.

Abrahamskraal Formation
The Abrahamskraal Formation is a geological formation and is found in numerous localities in the Northern Cape, Western Cape, and the Eastern Cape of South Africa. It is the lowermost formation of the Adelaide Subgroup of the Beaufort Group, a major geological group that forms part of the greater Karoo Supergroup. It represents the first fully terrestrial geological deposits of the Karoo Basin. Outcrops of the Abrahamskraal Formation are found from the small town Middelpos in its westernmost localities, then around Sutherland, the Moordenaarskaroo north of Laingsburg, Williston, Fraserburg, Leeu-Gamka, Loxton, and Victoria West in the Western Cape and Northern Cape. In the Eastern Cape outcrops are known from Rietbron, north of Klipplaat and Grahamstown, and also southwest of East London.
G. Ashok Kumar
Vice Admiral G. Ashok Kumar PVSM, AVSM, VSM is a retired Flag Officer in the Indian Navy, who is currently appointed as the first National Maritime Security Coordinator. He works within the National Security Council Secretariat under the National Security Advisor Ajit Doval. He served as the 35th Vice Chief of the Naval Staff. He assumed the position on 30 January 2019 from Vice Admiral Ajit Kumar who took over the Western Naval Command. He retired on 31 July 2021 after 39 years of service. He is succeeded by Vice Admiral Satish Namdeo Ghormade.

Vishisht Seva Medal
The Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM, lit. 'Distinguished Service Medal') is a decoration of the Indian Armed Forces. It is awarded to recognize "distinguished service of a high order" to all ranks of the Indian Armed Forces.

From 1980, the Yudh Seva Medal was introduced to recognize exceptional services in an operational environment. Since then the VSM has been restricted to non-operational service.
USS Union (1861)
The third USS Union was a heavy (1,114-ton) steamer with a powerful 12-inch rifled gun purchased by the United States Navy during the American Civil War.

Union served the U.S. Navy successfully during the blockade of ports and waterways of the Confederate States of America, capturing numerous blockade runners. Towards war's end, she was also assigned the role of dispatch boat and, because of her large size, of storeship, at the same time continuing to capture blockade runners.

Dispatch boat
Dispatch boats were small boats, and sometimes large ships, tasked to carry military dispatches from ship to ship or from ship to shore or, in some cases from shore to shore. Dispatch boats were employed when other means of transmitting a message was not possible or safe or as quick.

Dispatch boats, which performed their dispatch-carrying duties only on a temporary basis, should not be confused with packet ships—sometimes called packet boats or paquetbots—which were cargo ships which also routinely carried the mail from port to port.

Generally, dispatch boats served the military, and paquetbots served commerce.
Tamayori-hime (mother of Jimmu)
Tamayori-hime is a goddess in Japanese mythology. Her name is spelled as 玉依毘売命 in the Kojiki and 玉依姫 in the Nihon Shoki.

Tamayori-hime is the daughter of the sea-dragon god Watatsumi and the younger sister of Toyotama-hime. When Toyotama-hime abandoned her husband Hoori, she sent Tamayori-hime to care for their son Ugayafukiaezu, although in the Nihon Shoki version of the legend, Tamayori-hime accompanies her sister to the human world when she was about to give birth.  When the child grew up, he married his aunt, who bore him four children, the youngest of which became Emperor Jimmu, the first emperor of Japan.

Hoori
Hoori (火折尊, Hoori no Mikoto), also known as Hikohohodemi no Mikoto (彦火火出見尊), is a god in Japanese mythology, the third and youngest son of Ninigi-no-Mikoto and the blossom princess Konohanasakuya-hime. He is one of the ancestors of the Emperors of Japan as the grandfather of Emperor Jimmu. He is also known as Yamasachi-hiko (山幸彦).
Janja Kantakouzenos
Janja Kantakouzenos (Serbian: Јања Кантакузиновић[a]; after 1435 – September 1477) was a nobleman from the mine town of Novo Brdo (then Serbian Despotate) who had economic deals in the mining industry with the Ottoman Empire after their conquest of Serbia. He was a descendant of the Kantakouzenoi that settled in Serbia after the marriage between Despot Đurađ Branković and Irene Kantakouzene.

Irene Kantakouzene
Irene Kantakouzene (Greek: Ειρήνη Καντακουζηνή, Eiréne Kantakouzené, modern pronunciation Iríni Kantakouziní [iriˈni kantakusini'], Serbian: Ирина Кантакузин / Irina Kantakuzin; c. 1400 – 3 May 1457), known simply as Despotess Jerina[a] (Serbian: деспотица Јерина / despotica Jerina) wasthe wife of Serbian Despot Đurađ Branković. Her father was probably the Byzantine nobleman Theodore Kantakouzenos. In Serbian folk legends, she is the founder of many fortresses in Serbia.
Kulovića Street
Kulovića Street (Bosnian: Kulovića ulica; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Куловића улица) is a notable thoroughfare in the city center of Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It runs in a north–south direction, connecting Obala Kulina bana with Marshal Tito Street, and intersects with Branilaca Sarajeva Street. The street lies in close proximity to landmarks such as the Sarajevo National Theatre and the Sarajevo Youth Theatre.

Marshal Tito street (Sarajevo)
Marshal Tito street, or Tito's street, is one of the main streets in Sarajevo, located in the Centar Municipality. The street is named after Josip Broz Tito, the former President of Yugoslavia.

Marshal Tito street connects Mula Mustafa Bašeskija street and Ferhadija street on the east and Zmaj od Bosne street on the west. Through this street lies the main route of Sarajevo trams.
Cossack raids into Russia
The Cossack raids into Russia, also referred as the Cherkassian invasions of Russia or Cherkassian raids into Russia, were a series of military expeditions by the Zaporozhian Cossacks into the Russian borderlands and beyond that took place from the end of the 1500s until the mid-1600s.

The raids often took place in a parallel with Cossack regiments joining the Russian service, with the main actions taking place in the end of the 1500s, when the "Cherkassians" were actively attacking Russian stanitsas and other settlements. Sometimes, the Cossacks carried full-scale attacks deep into the Russian territory, as happened during the campaigns of 1618 and 1633-1634 that are believed to have secured the Commonwealth victories in its wars against Muscovy in the mid-1600s. Cossack incursions played a significant role in the history of colonisation of the Wild Fields.

Smolensk War
The Smolensk War (1632–1634) was fought between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Muscovy.

Hostilities began in October 1632 when Muscovite forces tried to capture the city of Smolensk. Small military engagements produced mixed results for both sides, but the surrender of the main Muscovite force in February 1634 led to the Treaty of Polyanovka. Russia accepted Polish–Lithuanian control over the Smolensk region, which lasted for another 20 years.
Bono da Ferrara
Bono da Ferrara or Bono Ferrarese (* after 1420, probably Ferrara, † after 1461) was an Italian painter who worked in Ferrara, Padua and Siena around the middle of the 15th century. He was initially a student of Pisanello in the 1430s, whom he probably assisted with his St. George's mural of Sant'Anastasia in Verona. Due to his peculiar style of high contrast, emphasizing contour and shadow, a collection of about 70 drawings can be attributed to him, which have been preserved in Pisanello's pattern books. His style is also evident in painting, in his only signed panel painting of St. Jerome in a Landscape in London (around 1440). Later he worked with Andrea Mantegna in Padua, where the fresco of St. Christopher (1451) in the Ovetari Chapel is the second and last painting signed by him. His works can be assigned to the Early Renaissance, but also exhibit late Gothic features.

Andrea Mantegna
Andrea Mantegna (UK: /mænˈtɛnjə/, US: /mɑːnˈteɪnjə/; Italian: [anˈdrɛːa manˈteɲɲa]; c. 1431 – September 13, 1506) was an Italian Renaissance painter, a student of Roman archaeology, and the son-in-law of Jacopo Bellini.

Like other artists of the time, Mantegna experimented with perspective, e.g. by lowering the horizon in order to create a sense of greater monumentality. His flinty, metallic landscapes, and somewhat stony figures give evidence of a fundamentally sculptural approach to painting. He also led a workshop that was the leading producer of prints in Venice before 1500.
AEK-999
The AEK-999 Barsuk (Russian: Барсук, "badger") is a Russian machine gun chambered for the 7.62×54mmR round. It is a general-purpose machine gun, developed during the 1990s as a modernized version of the PKM to improve its capabilities in the LMG/SAW role. The AEK-999 was to be capable of sustained automatic fire without requiring a quick-change barrel, and better suited for assault operations where it could be fired from the hip or from the integral bipod.

The AEK-999 was developed in the Kovrov Mechanical Plant for the Russian Armed Forces, but lost in military trials to the Pecheneg machine gun which was developed under the same requirements. Kovrov produced small batches of the AEK-999 for the Ministry of Internal Affairs to equip special forces units of the Internal Troops of Russia, but all military production ceased in 2006.

PKP Pecheneg
The PKP Pecheneg (Russian: Pulemyot Kalashnikova Pekhotny "Печенег"), GRAU index: 6P41, is a Russian 7.62×54mmR general-purpose machine gun, developed as a further modification of the PKM machine gun. The Pecheneg designation refers to the Pecheneg people, a warlike tribe of Turkic origin who lived in what later became the steppes of southern Russia and Ukraine.

The PKP Pecheneg is currently in use by the Russian Army and Spetsnaz units in significant numbers. Even though the PKP Pecheneg was developed mainly for infantry use, it also has been fitted to several light armoured vehicles.
Réseau Saint-Lazare
Réseau Saint-Lazare (French pronunciation: [ʁezo sɛ̃ lazaʁ]) is the network of railway lines originating from Saint Lazare Station in Paris. The network stretches from Paris to Normandy and encompasses suburban services. Parisian suburban rail services are operated under SNCF's brand name Transilien. Intercity services are also operated by SNCF but under the brand name Corail.

Gare Saint-Lazare
The Gare Saint-Lazare (French pronunciation: [ɡaʁ sɛ̃ lazaʁ]; lit. 'Saint Lazarus station'), officially Paris Saint Lazare, is one of the seven large mainline railway station terminals in Paris, France. It was the first railway station built in Paris, opening in 1837. It mostly serves train services to western suburbs, as well as intercity services toward Normandy using the Paris–Le Havre railway. Saint-Lazare is the third busiest station in France, after the Gare du Nord and Gare de Lyon. It handles 290,000 passengers each day. The current station building opened in 1889 and was designed by architect Juste Lisch; the maître d'œuvre (general contractor) was Eugène Flachat.
Armenian Footballer of the Year
Armenian Footballer of the Year is an annual award given to the best professional Armenian football player. The winner is elected by Football Federation of Armenia members, referees, inspectors, coaches, captains and presidents of the Armenian Premier League clubs, as well as the journalists and media. On the same occasion, an award is also given for Armenian Coach of the Year.

Football Federation of Armenia
The Football Federation of Armenia (FFA) (Armenian: Հայաստանի Ֆուտբոլի Ֆեդերացիա, Hayastani Futboli Federats’ia) is the governing body of football in Armenia. Its headquarters are located in Yerevan.

The Federation organizes the Armenian Premier League, the Armenian First League, the Armenian Super Cup, the Armenian Independence Cup, and the Armenian Futsal Premier League. It is responsible for appointing the management of the Armenia national football team, and the Armenia women's national football team. The Armenia national futsal team is also managed by the Federation.

The FFA was awarded a synthetic football turf pitch by FIFA through its GOAL programme.
Braintree Freeport railway station
Braintree Freeport railway station is on the Braintree Branch Line in the East of England, serving the Braintree Village shopping centre (formerly known as Braintree Freeport). It is 44 miles 16 chains (71.13 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street via Witham and it is situated between Cressing to the south and Braintree to the north. Its three-letter station code is BTP. The platform has an operational length for eight-coach trains.

The station is managed by Greater Anglia, which also operates all trains serving it. It is also the exit for the Braintree Village Shopping.

Witham railway station
Witham railway station is on the Great Eastern Main Line (GEML) in the East of England, serving the town of Witham, Essex. It is situated about half a mile (1 km) from the north of the town centre and is 38 miles 48 chains (62.1 km) down the line from London Liverpool Street. On the GEML, Witham is situated between Hatfield Peverel to the west and Kelvedon to the east. It is the junction for the Braintree Branch Line to the north-west, which opened in 1848; between 1848 and 1964, it was also the junction for a south-east-facing branch line to Maldon. Its three-letter station code is WTM.

The station was opened in 1843 by the Eastern Counties Railway. It is currently operated by Greater Anglia, who also operate all trains serving it, as part of the East Anglia franchise.
Abbatial church of Santa Maria della Sanità (Genoa)
The abbatial church of Santa Maria della Sanità is located in Salita di Santa Maria della Sanità, in the Castelletto quarter of Genoa. Originally, it was the private chapel of villa De Mari (now villa Grüber). It was built in the 17th century by the Genoese nobleman Stefano De Mari, who bestowed it to the Descalced Carmelites of the nearby Church of Sant'Anna. It has a rare octagonal layout, a wide cupola and seven lateral chapels, which make it a jewel of the religious architecture of Genoa.

Sant'Anna, Genoa
The Church of Saint Anne (Italian: Chiesa di Sant'Anna), with the adjacent convent and pharmacy of the Discalced Carmelites, is a Roman Catholic church located in the residential quarter of Castelletto in Genoa, Liguria, north-western Italy. The village - now surrounded by the city - is still intact, with its leafy trees, cobbled walkways and open views from Salita Bachernia over the Gulf of Genoa, the harbor and the Old City.
St Albans Abbey railway station
St Albans Abbey is one of two railway stations in St Albans, Hertfordshire, England; the other being the busier, much larger and a decade younger St Albans City. It is located about 0.6 miles (1 km) south of the city centre, in the St Stephen's area. It is the terminus of the Abbey Line from Watford Junction, with services operated by London Northwestern Railway.

The unstaffed station consists of a single open-air platform and a car park. Improvement works were carried out in 2008. It was the second UK railway station to receive a Harrington Hump to improve accessibility.

Watford Junction railway station
Watford Junction is a railway station serving the town of Watford in Hertfordshire, England. The station is on the West Coast Main Line (WCML), 17 miles 34 chains (28 km) from London Euston and the Abbey Line, a branch line to St Albans. It is also the northern terminus of the Lioness line of the London Overground, which operates via the Watford DC line into central London.

Journeys into London take between 16 and 52 minutes, depending on the service. Trains also run to Clapham Junction and East Croydon, via the West London line. The station is a major hub for local bus services and the connecting station for buses to Warner Bros. Studio Tour London – The Making of Harry Potter. The station is located north of a viaduct over the Colne Valley and immediately south of Watford Tunnel.
California State Route 195
State Route 195 (SR 195) was a state highway in the U.S. state of California, branching westward from SR 111 to SR 86 near the town of Mecca and the Salton Sea. The route formerly extended east to Interstate 10 (I-10) near Joshua Tree National Park as a longer route extending to Blythe and points further east. After the main route was shifted north, the older route remained as an alternate known as Box Canyon Road. The route was designated in the 1964 state highway renumbering, although the Box Canyon Road portion was removed as a state highway in 1972. Following the construction of the SR 86 expressway, SR 195 was curtailed in 2009, and removed entirely in 2014.

California State Route 111
State Route 111 (SR 111) is a state highway in the southeastern part of U.S. state of California. It is a north-south route serving the Imperial Valley, the eastern shore of the Salton Sea, and the Coachella Valley. Its southern terminus is at Imperial Avenue and 1st Street in Calexico, at the former entrance to the Calexico West Port of Entry (the state has not yet officially rerouted the highway to the current entrance to the Mexican border at 2nd Street and Cesar Chavez Boulevard since its opening in 2018). SR 111's northern terminus is at Interstate 10 at the northwestern corner of the Palm Springs city limits, near the unincorporated community of Whitewater. Though some maps and signs mark SR 111 as continuous between SR 86 near Heber and the Cathedral City–Palm Springs line, control of the segment was relinquished to local jurisdictions and is thus no longer officially part of the state highway system.
Qamar Hussain
Qamar Hussain Choudhary (born 1948) is an Indian politician from Jammu and Kashmir. He was the MLA from Rajouri Assembly constituency in Rajouri district. He won the 2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election representing the Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party. He was nominated again to contest the Thanamandi Assembly constituency which was a newly created seat, reserved for Scheduled Tribe community in the 2024 election by JKPDP but lost to Independent candidate Muzaffar Iqbal Khan and finishing 3rd, behind Independent and BJP candidates.

Muzaffar Iqbal Khan
Muzaffar Iqbal Khan is an Indian politician from Jammu & Kashmir. He is a Member of the Jammu & Kashmir Legislative Assembly from 2024, representing Thanamandi Assembly constituency as an Independent candidate. He is retired former judge.
Momase Region
Momase Region is one of four regions of Papua New Guinea. Its largest city is Lae, the second-largest city of the country. The name Momase is a portmanteau of its four constituent provinces: Morobe, Madang, and Sepik (East Sepik and West Sepik). Momase is by far the most linguistically diverse region of Papua New Guinea.

Sandaun Province
Sandaun Province (formerly West Sepik Province) is the northwesternmost mainland province of Papua New Guinea (also known as home of the sunset). It covers an area of 35,920 km2 (13,870 sq mi) and has a population of 248,411 (2011 census). The capital is Vanimo. In July 1998 the area surrounding the town of Aitape was hit by an enormous tsunami caused by a Magnitude 7.0 earthquake which killed over 2,000 people. The five villages along the west coast of Vanimo towards the International Border are namely; Lido, Waromo, Yako, Musu and Wutung. It borders Indonesia.
2016 Kazakhstan Premier League
The 2016 Kazakhstan Premier League was the 25th season of the Kazakhstan Premier League, the highest football league competition in Kazakhstan. Astana were the defending champions having won their second league championship the previous year, and they successfully defended their title this season. The season began on 12 March 2016 and concluded on 29 October 2016; the relegation play-off took place on 5 November 2016.

2015 Kazakhstan Premier League
The 2015 Kazakhstan Premier League is the 24th season of the Kazakhstan Premier League, the highest football league competition in Kazakhstan. The season began in March 2015 and finished in November. Astana were the defending champions having won their first league championship the previous year.
Seed oil misinformation
Since 2018, the health effects of consuming certain processed vegetable oils, or seed oils have been subject to misinformation in popular and social media. The trend grew in 2020 after podcaster and comedian Joe Rogan interviewed fad diet proponent Paul Saladino about the carnivore diet. Saladino made several claims about the health effects of vegetable fats.

The theme of the misinformation is that seed oils are the root cause of most diseases of affluence, including heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and liver spots. These claims are not based on evidence, but have nevertheless become popular on the political right. Critics cite a specific "hateful eight" oils that constitute "seed oils": canola, corn, cottonseed, soybean, sunflower, safflower, grapeseed, and rice bran.

Consumer vegetable oils are generally recognized as safe for human consumption by the United States FDA.

Safflower
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius), also false saffron, is a highly branched, herbaceous, thistle-like annual plant in the family Asteraceae. It is one of the world's oldest crops; today, it is commercially cultivated for vegetable oil extracted from the seeds. Plants are 30 to 150 cm (12 to 59 in) tall with globular flower heads having yellow, orange, or red flowers. Each branch will usually have from one to five flower heads containing 15 to 20 seeds per head. Safflower is native to arid environments having seasonal rain. It grows a deep taproot which enables it to thrive in such environments.
Abigail Binay
Mar-len Abigail Sombillo Binay-Campos (born December 12, 1975) is a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as Mayor of Makati from 2016 to 2025. She formerly served in the Congress as Representative of Makati's 2nd District from 2007 to 2016, when she was succeeded by her husband, Luis Campos. She is also the daughter of former Vice President Jejomar Binay.

Mayor of Makati
The mayor of Makati (Filipino: Punong Lungsod ng Makati) is the head of the executive branch of Makati's government. The mayor holds office at the Makati City Hall.

Like all local government heads in the Philippines, the mayor is elected via popular vote, and may not be elected for a fourth consecutive term (although the former mayor may return to office after an interval of one term). In case of death, resignation or incapacity, the vice mayor becomes the mayor.
Miss Internacional Italia
Miss Internacional Italia or "Miss International Italy" is an Italian beauty pageant in Italy that selects the Italian representative for the Miss International pageant. The pageant was first organized in 2008 and it is unrelated to Miss Italy or Miss Universo Italia, although some delegates have crossed over from one format to the other throughout the years.

Miss Universo Italia
Miss Universe Italy is a national pageant that currently selects the Italian representative for the Miss Universe pageant. The pageant was first organized in 1951 and it is not related to Miss Italia, although some delegates have crossed over from one format to the other throughout the years.