hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Dry Wood Creek
The Battle of Dry Wood Creek, also known as the Battle of the Mules, was fought on September 2, 1861, in Vernon County, Missouri, during the American Civil War.  After his victory at the Battle of Wilson's Creek on August 10, Sterling Price and the Missouri State Guard moved further north into Missouri.  A force of Union troops under James H. Lane moved from Fort Scott, Kansas to attempt an interception of Price's army, and set an ambush along Dry Wood Creek. Price's Missouri State Guard troops outnumbered Lane's Kansas troops, and after a two hour skirmish forced Lane to retreat to Fort Scott. In their retreat, Lane's troops abandoned their supplies and mules to the Missourians. Price followed up his victory by continuing his northward march, culminating in another victory at the siege of Lexington, September 13 to 20, before returning south shortly afterwards.

Vernon County, Missouri
Vernon County is a county located in the western region of the U.S. state of Missouri, on the border with Kansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,707. Its county seat is Nevada. The county was organized on February 27, 1855, considerably later than counties in the eastern part of the state. It was named for Colonel Miles Vernon (1786–1867), a state senator and veteran of the Battle of New Orleans. This area was part of the large historic territory of the Osage Nation of Native Americans.
Ibán Cuadrado
Ibán Javier Cuadrado Alonso (Spanish pronunciation: [iˈβaŋ kwaˈðɾaðo]; born 21 February 1979) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a central defender, currently a manager.

He amassed Segunda División totals of 248 games and five goals over the course of eight seasons, mainly in representation of Real Murcia. He also spent four years in La Liga, two apiece with that club and Málaga for a total of 62 matches.

Real Murcia CF
Real Murcia Club de Fútbol, S.A.D., commonly known as Real Murcia ([reˈal ˈmuɾθja], "Royal Murcia"), is a Spanish football club based in Murcia, in the Región de Murcia. Founded in 1919, it currently plays in Primera Federación – Group 2, playing home matches at Estadio Nueva Condomina, which holds 31,179 spectators.

In domestic football, the club has won a record 8 Segunda División titles and 1 Spanish Royal Federation Cup.

Home colours are mainly scarlet shirt and white shorts.
Billy Dwyer
Philip O'Dwyer (1934 – 27 September 2020), commonly known as Billy Dwyer, was an Irish hurler whose career included two All-Ireland Championship victories with the Kilkenny senior hurling team.

Born in Kilkenny, Dwyer first played competitive hurling during his schooling at St. Patrick's De La Salle. He arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of twenty-two when he first linked up with the Kilkenny senior team. He made his senior debut during the 1956 Walsh Cup. Dwyer went on to enjoy a successful career, winning two All-Ireland medals, three Leinster medals and one National Hurling League medal. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on one occasion.

As a member of the Leinster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions, Dwyer was a one-time Railway Cup medallist. At club level he is a two-time championship medallist with Faughs.

Dwyer retired from inter-county hurling following the conclusion of the 1963 championship.

1963 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship of 1963 was the 77th staging of Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Kilkenny won the championship, beating Waterford 4–17 to 6–8 in the final at Croke Park, Dublin.
Maroondah Highway
Maroondah Highway (also known as Whitehorse Road from Deepdene to Surrey Hills) is a major east–west thoroughfare in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne, and a highway connecting the north-eastern fringes of Melbourne to Mansfield, at the lower alpine region of Victoria, Australia.

Maroondah Link Highway links Cathkin (on Goulburn Valley Highway) and Yarck (on Maroondah Highway), allowing an easier link to Melba Highway via Yea for Melbourne traffic.

Cathkin, Victoria
Cathkin is a locality in Central Victoria, in Australia. It is a small stop along the Goulburn Valley Highway, and is approximately 100 km North from Melbourne.

The railway to Mansfield arrived in the locality from Tallarook in 1890, being closed on 18 November 1978. The last passenger service was on 28 May 1977.

Cathkin was the junction of a short branch railway to Koriella, which opened in September 1890 and was later extended to Alexandra in 1909. The branch closed at the same time as the line to Mansfield.
Vanessa Herrmann
Vanessa Phuang Herrmann (Thai: วัลเณซ่า พวง แฮร์มันน์ เมืองโคตร; RTGS: Wannesa Phuang Hae-man), nicknamed Na-Chatra (Thai: ณฉัตร; RTGS: Nachat) or Van (Thai: วัล; RTGS: Wan, born July 17, 1991) is a Thai-German actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Thailand World 2012 and represented Thailand at Miss World 2012 in Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, China.

Miss World Thailand
Miss World Thailand (also known as Miss Thailand World) is a Thai national pageant in which the winner compete in the Miss World, one of the Big Four major international beauty pageants.

The current Miss World Thailand is Suchata Chuangsri of Phuket. She represented Thailand at Miss World 2025 in Hyderabad, India and went on to win.
Marukiya
Marukiya is a village in Madhubani district, Bihar State, India.  It is situated in the khajauli block, 31 km north of district headquarters Madhubani and 176 km from that state capital Patna and it is close to major towns like Jaynagar, which is further connected to India's main cities and to Nepal. It belongs to Darbhanga Division. The local language is Maithili.

Madhubani, India
Madhubani  is a city Municipal Corporation and headquarter of Madhubani district. Madhubani is situated in the Indian state of Bihar. It comes under Darbhanga Division. It is situated at 26 km northeast of Darbhanga City. The Madhuban Raj in Madhubani was created as a consequence. The word "Madhuban" means "forest of honey", from which Madhubani is derived, but sometimes it is also known as "madhu"+"vaani" meaning "sweet" "voice/language".
History of Yerevan
The history of modern Yerevan, the capital of Armenia, traces its roots back to Erebuni Fortress an ancient Urartian fortified monument from which also the modern city of Yerevan derives its name. The earliest reference to Yerevan in the medieval records dates from 607 A.D. Located one in the bottommost parts of the Armenian Highlands, the city lies on the banks of the rivers Getar and Hrazdan, the easternmost end of the Ararat Plain (historically, the ancient Armenian province of Ayrarat). Several ancient and medieval Armenian capitals are situated in the vicinity of Yerevan. From the early 15th century onwards, the city was the administrative center of  the Safavid Empire; in the mid-18th century it was proclaimed the capital of the Erivan Khanate, in 1918 - the capital of the First Republic of Armenia and in - 1920 - the capital of Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. Since 1991, Yerevan has been the capital of the Third Republic of Armenia.

Urartu
Urartu was an Iron Age kingdom centered around the Armenian highlands between Lake Van, Lake Urmia, and Lake Sevan. The territory of the ancient kingdom of Urartu extended over the modern frontiers of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Armenia, the southern regions of Georgia, and western regions of Azerbaijan. Its kings left behind cuneiform inscriptions in the Urartian language, a member of the Hurro-Urartian language family.

The kingdom emerged in the mid-9th century BC and dominated the Armenian highlands in the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Urartu frequently warred with Assyria and became, for a time, the most powerful state in the Near East. Weakened by constant conflict, it was eventually conquered, either by the Iranian Medes in the early 6th century BC or by Cyrus the Great in the middle of the 6th century BC. Archaeologically, it is noted for its large fortresses and sophisticated metalwork.
BBCC–Hang Tuah station
Hang Tuah station, also known as BBCC–Hang Tuah station due to the new transit hub, is an interchange station in the Pudu district of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between the Ampang and Sri Petaling lines (formerly known as STAR) and the KL Monorail. Seamless physical and fare integration was achieved on 1 March 2012 when the "paid-up" or restricted areas of both the LRT and monorail stations, which previously operated as two separate stations, were linked up, allowing passengers to transfer without needing to buy new tickets for the first time since the monorail became operational in 2003.

Located right beside of Bukit Bintang City Centre (BBCC), the station is in the vicinity of the Methodist Boys School, Victoria Institution, Bukit Aman (Kuala Lumpur Contingent Police Headquarters) and Stadium Negara.

Interchange station
An interchange station or a transfer station is a train station for more than one railway route in a public transport system that allows passengers to change from one route to another, often without having to leave a station or pay an additional fare.

Transfer may occur within the same mode, or between rail modes, or to buses (for stations with bus termini attached). Such stations usually have more platforms than single route stations. These stations can exist in either commercial centers or on the city outskirts in residential areas. Cities typically plan for land use around interchange stations for development. Passengers may be required to pay extra fare for the interchange if they leave a paid area.
Frederik Winther
Frederik Franck Winther (Danish pronunciation: [ˈve̝nˀtɐ]; born 4 January 2001) is a Danish professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Allsvenskan club Hammarby IF. Winther began his career with B 1903 in 2007 at the age of six and later joined Lyngby BK’s youth team in 2014. He has also played for FC Augsburg and Bröndby IF.

Lyngby Boldklub
Lyngby Boldklub (Danish pronunciation: [ˈløŋˌpyˀ ˈpʌlˀtkʰlup]) is a professional football club based in Lyngby, Denmark, founded in 1921. It is based at Lyngby Stadion. The club play in the Danish 1st Division. From 1994 to 2001 the club was known as Lyngby FC. The club has won the Danish championship twice (1983 and 1992) and the Danish Cup three times (1984, 1985 and 1990).
Iceland School of Energy
The Iceland School of Energy (ISE; Icelandic: Íslenski Orkuháskólinn) is an international graduate school within the Department of Engineering at Reykjavik University, the largest private university in Iceland. ISE is jointly owned by Reykjavik Energy, Reykjavik University, and Iceland GeoSurvey, and specialises in the fields of Sustainable Energy and Electric Power.

Reykjavík University
Reykjavík University (RU; Icelandic: Háskólinn í Reykjavík, pronounced [ˈhauːˌskouːlɪn iː ˈreiːcaˌviːk], lit. 'The University in Reykjavík') is the largest private university in Iceland with approximately 3,300 students. It is chartered by the Chamber of Commerce, the Federation of Icelandic Industries, and the Confederation of Icelandic Employers.

The university consists of seven academic departments in two schools. Within the School of Social Sciences are: the Department of Law, Department of Business Administration, Department of Sport Science, and Department of Psychology. Within the School of Technology are the Department of Computer Science, Department of Engineering, and Department of Applied Engineering. The university is bilingual (English and Icelandic).
Metropolitan City of Naples
The Metropolitan City of Naples (Italian: città metropolitana di Napoli) is a metropolitan city in the Campania region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Naples. The province was established on 1 January 2015 and contains 92 comuni (sg.: comune).
It was first created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990) and established by Law 56/2014, thus replacing the province of Naples in 2015. It has 2,958,410 inhabitants as of 2025, making it the 3rd most populous metropolitan city in the country.

The Metropolitan City of Naples is headed by the Metropolitan Mayor (sindaco metropolitano) and the Metropolitan Council (consiglio metropolitano). Since 18 October 2021, its head has been Gaetano Manfredi, mayor of the capital city.

Metropolitan cities of Italy
The 15 metropolitan cities of Italy (Italian: città metropolitane d'Italia) are administrative divisions of Italy, operative since 2015, which are a special type of province. The metropolitan city, as defined by law, includes a large core city and the surrounding suburbs and countryside closely related to it by economic activities and essential public services, as well as to cultural relations and to territorial features.
The Sporting Duchess (1915 film)
The Sporting Duchess is a 1915 American silent drama film directed by Barry O'Neil and starring Rose Coghlan and Ethel Clayton. It was produced by the Lubin Manufacturing Company and distributed by V-L-S-E.

The film was remade by Vitagraph Studios in 1920 with Alice Joyce in the title role.

Vitagraph Studios
Vitagraph Studios, also known as the Vitagraph Company of America, was a United States motion picture studio. It was founded by J. Stuart Blackton and Albert E. Smith in 1897 in Brooklyn, New York, as the American Vitagraph Company. By 1907, it was the most prolific American film production company, producing many famous silent films. It was bought by Warner Bros. in 1925.
Der Freitag
Der Freitag (literally The Friday, stylized der Freitag) is a German weekly national newspaper, established in 1990 and published in Berlin. It focuses on politics, culture and the economy, and is published in Rhenish format. The newspaper's publisher is Jakob Augstein, who was also editor from 2013 to 2022. Augstein and other family members control 24% of German news magazine Der Spiegel. The newspaper has won several awards, such as European Newspaper of the Year and World's Best Designed Newspaper.

Society for News Design
The Society for News Design (SND), formerly known as the Society of Newspaper Design, is an international organization for professionals working in the news sector of the media industry, specifically those involved with graphic design, illustration, web design and infographics.
Phorbol
Phorbol is a natural, plant-derived organic compound. It is a member of the tigliane family of diterpenes. Phorbol was first isolated in 1934 via the hydrolysis of croton oil, which is derived from the seeds of the purging croton, Croton tiglium. The structure of phorbol was determined in 1967. 
Various esters of phorbol have important biological properties, the most notable of which is the capacity to act as tumor promoters through activation of protein kinase C. They mimic diacylglycerols, glycerol derivatives in which two hydroxyl groups have reacted with fatty acids to form esters.  The most common and potent phorbol ester is 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), also called phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), which is used as a biomedical research tool in contexts such as models of carcinogenesis.

Diglyceride
A diglyceride, or  diacylglycerol (DAG), is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages. Two possible forms exist, 1,2-diacylglycerols and 1,3-diacylglycerols. Diglycerides are natural components of food fats, though minor in comparison to triglycerides.  DAGs can act as surfactants and are commonly used as emulsifiers in processed foods. DAG-enriched oil (particularly 1,3-DAG) has been investigated extensively as a fat substitute due to its ability to suppress the accumulation of body fat; with total annual sales of approximately USD 200 million in Japan since its introduction in the late 1990s till 2009.
Tetrabutylammonium bromide
Tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) is a quaternary ammonium salt with a bromide commonly used as a phase transfer catalyst. It is used to prepare many other tetrabutylammonium salts by salt metathesis reactions. The anhydrous form is a white solid.

In addition to being cheap, tetrabutylammonium bromide is also environmentally friendly, has a greater degree of selectivity, is operationally simple, non-corrosive, and can be recycled easily as well.

Salt metathesis reaction
A salt metathesis reaction (also called a double displacement reaction, double replacement reaction, or double decomposition) is a type of chemical reaction in which two ionic compounds in aqueous solution exchange their component ions to form two new compounds. Often, one of these new compounds is a precipitate, gas, or weak electrolyte, driving the reaction forward.

AB + CD -> AD + CB

In older literature, the term double decomposition is common. The term double decomposition is more specifically used when at least one of the substances does not dissolve in the solvent, as the ligand or ion exchange takes place in the solid state of the reactant. For example:

AX(aq) + BY(s) → AY(aq) + BX(s).
Odu Ifa
The Odu Ifá (Yoruba alphabet: Odù Ifá), also called the Ifa Literary Corpus is a large collection of proverbs (òwe), poetic verses (ẹsẹ) and stories (Àlọ́/patakí) that serves as the central religious scripture of Iṣẹṣe. The Odu Ifa is an oral corpus (a collection of texts) passed down originally in Yoruba language through generations, believed by the Yoruba to have been revealed by the deity of wisdom, Ọrunmila, to humanity.

The Odu Ifá is made up of 256 chapters called Odus, each consisting of around 800 verses called ẹsẹ. The exact number of ẹsẹ is continuously increasing. Each Odu is represented with a unique binary signature. The 16 major odus are called Oju Odu, and the others Ọmọ Odu. It is closely associated with Ifá and it is used during divination. While the Odù Ifá is still majorly recited in its oral form, many written versions have also been published.

Ọrunmila
Ọrunmila (Yoruba: Ọ̀rúnmìlà, also Ọrúnla or Orúla in  Latin America) is the Orisha of wisdom, knowledge, and divination in the Yoruba religion. He is believed to be the creator of the Ifá and Babalawo concepts. He is a high priest of Ifá.
Spider Sabich
Vladimir Peter Sabich Jr. (January 10, 1945 – March 21, 1976) was an American alpine ski racer, a member of the U.S. Ski Team on the World Cup circuit in the late 1960s. He competed at the 1968 Winter Olympics and was the pro ski racing champion in 1971 and 1972. Sabich was killed by gunshot under controversial circumstances involving Claudine Longet in 1976.

FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts that included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie). It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.

The inaugural World Cup race was held on 5 January 1967 in Berchtesgaden, West Germany, a slalom won by Heinrich Messner of Austria. Jean-Claude Killy of France and Nancy Greene of Canada were the overall winners for the first two seasons.
Český Krumlov
Český Krumlov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtʃɛskiː ˈkrumlof] ⓘ; German: Krumau, Böhmisch Krumau) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 13,000 inhabitants. It is known as a tourist centre, which is among the most visited places in the country. The historic centre with the Český Krumlov Castle complex is protected by law as an urban monument reservation, and since 1992, it has been a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its well-preserved Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque architecture.

Cultural monument (Czech Republic)
The cultural monuments of the Czech Republic (Czech: kulturní památka) are protected properties (both real and movable properties) designated by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. Cultural monuments that constitute the most important part of the Czech cultural heritage may be declared national cultural monuments (Czech: národní kulturní památka) by a regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic. The government may also proclaim a territory, whose character and environment are determined by a group of immovable cultural monuments or archaeological finds, as a whole, as a monument reservation. The Ministry of Culture may proclaim a territory of a settlement with a smaller number of cultural monuments, a historical environment or part of a landscape area that displays significant cultural values as a monument zone.

As of 2019, there are 14 Czech cultural monuments on the World Heritage List.
New York Polish Film Festival
New York Polish Film Festival (abbreviated to NYPFF, Polish: Nowojorski Festiwal Filmów Polskich) is a film festival held annually in New York City since 2005. Its mission is to present and promote Polish cinema in the United States, to expose an American audience to Polish films, as well as to offer Polish filmmakers a rare opportunity to showcase their works in a major cultural center such as New York. Each year the festival presents acclaimed selections of features, short films, animations and documentaries of Polish filmmakers regardless of the country where films were made. NYPFF is the only annual presentation of Polish films in New York City and the largest festival promoting and presenting Polish films on the East Coast.

Cinema of Poland
The history of cinema in Poland is almost as long as the history of cinematography, and it has universally recognized achievements, even though Polish films tend to be less commercially available than films from several other European nations.

After World War II, the communist government built an auteur-based national cinema, trained hundreds of new directors and empowered them to make films. Filmmakers like Roman Polański, Krzysztof Kieślowski, Agnieszka Holland, Andrzej Wajda, Andrzej Żuławski, Andrzej Munk, and Jerzy Skolimowski impacted the development of Polish film-making.  In more recent years, the industry has been producer-led with finance being the key to a film being made.
2025 Équateur province malaria outbreak
In early 2025, there was a malaria outbreak in northwestern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), although the cause of the disease was initially unidentified. The outbreaks, which affected multiple villages in the Province of Équateur and have so far resulted in at least 1,000 cases and at least 60 fatalities, were marked by rapid progression from symptom onset to death.

Équateur Province
Équateur is one of the 21 newest provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created by the 2015 repartitioning. The provinces of Équateur, Mongala, Nord-Ubangi, Sud-Ubangi, and Tshuapa are the result of the division of the former Équateur province.  The current province was formed from the Équateur district and the independently administered city of Mbandaka which retained its status as a provincial capital.

The 2020 population was estimated to be 1,856,000.