hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bernard (footballer)
Bernard Anício Caldeira Duarte (born 8 September 1992), better known as Bernard (Brazilian Portuguese: [bɛʁˈnaʁ]), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Atlético Mineiro. A left-sided player, he is known for his pace and technical ability.

Born in Belo Horizonte, Bernard began his professional career with hometown club Atlético Mineiro, where he won the 2013 Copa Libertadores. He then moved for a reported €25 million fee to Shakhtar Donetsk, where he won three Ukrainian Premier League titles. In 2018, he joined Everton on a free transfer.

Bernard made his international debut for Brazil in 2012 and was in the squads that won the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup and reached the 2014 FIFA World Cup semi-finals on home soil.

2013 FIFA Confederations Cup
The 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup was the ninth FIFA Confederations Cup, which was held in Brazil from 15 to 30 June 2013 as a prelude to the 2014 FIFA World Cup. The most recent winners of the six continental championships appeared in the tournament, along with hosts Brazil and UEFA Euro 2012 runners-up Italy, who qualified because the Euro 2012 winners, Spain, had also won the most recent FIFA World Cup in 2010 thus securing a spot in the tournament.

The two-time defending champion and host nation Brazil successfully defended their title with a 3–0 win over Spain in the final. It was their fourth Confederations Cup title and third in a row, after previous wins in 1997, 2005 and 2009.

According to then FIFA president Sepp Blatter, the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup was the best version of the tournament ever played. The competition was the first national team tournament to employ goal-line technology, which was also used at the 2014 World Cup.
Jon Mandle
Jonathan Mandle is a Professor of Philosophy and former Philosophy Department Chair at the University at Albany, The State University of New York. He is a member of the Crooked Timber group blog.  He is the brother of NBA player Adonal Foyle.

He served as University at Albany Philosophy department chair from 2004-2013.

University at Albany, SUNY
The State University of New York at Albany (also known as University at Albany, UAlbany, or SUNY Albany) is a public research university in Albany, New York, United States. Founded in 1844, it is one of four "university centers" of the State University of New York (SUNY) system. In 2024, the university enrolled 17,567 students in nine schools and colleges, which offer over 50 undergraduate majors and over 150 graduate degree programs. Portions of the campus extend into Guilderland, and the health sciences campus is located in neighboring Rensselaer, New York. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research spending and doctorate production". The research enterprise totaled expenditures of $115 million in fiscal year 2021 and was focused in four areas: social science, public law and policy, life sciences and atmospheric sciences. UAlbany is home to the New York State Writers Institute.
Kolárovo Castle
Fort Gúta was a fort near the town of Gúta (modern day Kolárovo) in what is today Slovakia. As of today, no archaeological excavations have been done on its site.

The fort played a minor role during its history compared to the fortresses of two nearby cities, Érsekújvár and Komárom (modern day Nové Zámky and Komárno, respectively) had larger fortresses that played more important roles during past centuries. Specifically, the Siege of Érsekújvár in 1663 was a major event during the Austro-Turkish War, and the fortress of Komárom was the last to resist Austrian and Russian forces during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.

Siege of Érsekújvár (1663)
The siege of Érsekújvár (siege of Uyvar) also known as the siege of Neuhäusel occurred in 1663 when Grand Vizier Fazil Ahmed Pasha leading the Ottomans invaded Habsburg Hungary and captured the Hungarian fortress at Érsekújvár (Hungarian: Érsekújvár, German: Neuhäus[e]l, Latin: Novum Castrum, Turkish: Uyvar, modern Nové Zámky in southern Slovakia).
Stone, Kent
Stone, also known as Stone-next-Dartford, is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Dartford in Kent, England, about 3 km east of Dartford and 27 kilometres from central London. It lies on the south bank of the River Thames. The A226 (London Road) runs through Stone, linking Dartford with Greenhithe and Gravesend; the A2 (Roman Watling Street) and M25 motorway pass just north of the parish. The area of Stone includes part of the Bluewater Shopping Centre. The parish population was 10,778 in the 2011 census, rising to about 12,890 by 2021.

Gravesend
Gravesend /ˌɡreɪvzˈɛnd/ is a town in northwest Kent, England, situated 21 miles (35 km) east-southeast of Charing Cross (central London) on the south bank of the River Thames, opposite Tilbury in Essex. Located in the Diocese of Rochester, it is the administrative centre of the borough of Gravesham. Gravesend marks the eastern limit of the Greater London Built-up Area, as defined by the UK Office for National Statistics. It had a population of 58,102 in 2021.

Its geographical situation has given Gravesend strategic importance throughout the maritime and communications history of South East England. A Thames Gateway commuter town, it retains strong links with the River Thames, not least through the Port of London Authority Pilot Station, and has witnessed rejuvenation since the advent of High Speed 1 rail services via Gravesend railway station. The station was recently refurbished and has a new bridge.
Brecht Wallis
Brecht "The Gentle Giant" Wallis (born 6 September 1977) is a Belgian retired kickboxer from Houthalen-Oost. He holds notable victories over Jorgen Kruth (twice), Carter Williams, Alexander Ustinov, and Errol Zimmerman.

Jörgen Kruth
Jörgen Ingmar Kruth (born May 8, 1974) is a retired Swedish professional kickboxer and mixed martial artist. He is a former two time World Muay Thai Council Heavyweight Muaythai World Champion. He is considered to be among the greatest Scandinavian kickboxers of all time.
Homburg Forest
The Homburg Forest (German: Homburgwald or just Homburg) also known as the Homburg Hills (Homburger Berge) is an area of upland up to 406.1 m above sea level (NN)  in the north German state of Lower Saxony.

Normalnull
Normalnull ("standard zero") or Normal-Null (short N. N. or NN) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference system were to be marked Meter über Normal-Null (“meters above standard zero”). Normalnull has been replaced by Normalhöhennull (NHN).
Purism (company)
Purism, SPC is an American computer technology corporation based in San Francisco, California and registered in the state of Washington.

Purism manufactures the Librem personal computing devices with a focus on software freedom, computer security, and internet privacy. In addition to hardware, Purism also maintains PureOS, an operating system along with Librem One, a suite of software as a service based on open standards.

Free software movement
The free software movement is a social movement with the goal of obtaining and guaranteeing certain freedoms for software users, namely the freedoms to run, study, modify, and share copies of software. Software which meets these requirements, The Four Essential Freedoms of Free Software, is termed free software.

Although drawing on traditions and philosophies among members of the 1970s hacker culture and academia, Richard Stallman formally founded the movement in 1983 by launching the GNU Project. Stallman later established the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to support the movement.
Guled Salah Barre
Dr. Gulleid Salah Barre (Somali: Guuleed Saalax Barre) is a Somali politician who served as the chairman of the Transitional Puntland Electoral Committee from 2019 to 2022 and as the Puntland Minister of Environment and Climate Change from 28 January 2014 to 2016. He is the founder and first director of the research institute SIDRA and has worked with the UNDP and UNFPA. He also became a professor and vice president at the University of East Africa in Garowe.

United Nations Population Fund
The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) is a UN agency aimed at improving reproductive and maternal health worldwide. Its work includes developing national healthcare strategies and protocols, increasing access to birth control, and leading campaigns against child marriage, gender-based violence, obstetric fistula, and female genital mutilation.

The UNFPA supports programs in more than 144 countries across four geographic regions: Arab States and Europe, Asia and the Pacific, Latin America, the Caribbean and Africa. Around three-quarters of the staff work in the field. It is a founding member of the United Nations Development Group, a collection of UN agencies and programmes focused on fulfilling the Sustainable Development Goals.
Nevada State Route 322
State Route 322 (SR 322) is a state highway in Lincoln County, Nevada. From State Route 321 in Pioche, State Route 322 passes by U.S. Route 93 and heads to the entrance of Spring Valley State Park via the community of Ursine. The route was previously known as State Route 85.

U.S. Route 93 in Nevada
In the U.S. state of Nevada, U.S. Route 93 (US 93) is a major United States Numbered Highway traversing the eastern edge of the state. The highway connects the Las Vegas area to the Great Basin National Park, and provides further connections to Ely and Wells. US 93 also provides the majority of the most direct connection from the major metropolitan areas of Las Vegas and Phoenix (via Boulder City, Kingman and Wickenburg with a final link to Phoenix via US 60) to the Boise, Idaho metropolitan area (with a final connection to Boise via Interstate 84 from Twin Falls, Idaho).
SH 4 (Albania)
The SH4 highway (Albanian: Rruga Shtetërore 4) is a national highway in Albania spanning 223.29 kilometres (138.75 miles) across the counties of Durrës, Fier, Gjirokastër and Tirana. As it connects the country's second largest city Durrës to Greece, the highway represents a significant north–south transportation corridor in Albania and an essential part of the Adriatic–Ionian motorway and Pan-European Corridor VIII.

Pan-European Corridor VIII
The Corridor VIII is one of the Pan-European corridors. It comprises both road and rail routes. Both commence on the Italian Adriatic coast at Bari or Brindisi, with a ferry crossing to Durrës in Albania. From there the routes cross the southern Balkans into Bulgaria and thence to Varna, on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The road corridor follows the route: Tirana/Durrës/Vlorë – Elbasan – Skopje – Pernik – Sofia – Plovdiv – Burgas – Varna. Although as yet incomplete, it is broadly paralleled by the rail route: Durrës/Vlorë-Lin-Radožda-Kičevo-Skopje-Kumanovo-Beljakovtse-Kriva Palanka-Gyueševo-Sofija-Burgas-Varna.
Strategic victory
A strategic victory is a victory that provides a long-term advantage to the victor and/or undermines the enemy’s ability to wage war. When historians refer to a victory in general terms, they usually mean a strategic victory. A strategic victory often follows a tactical victory on the battlefield that enables further progress toward a campaign’s objectives. However, a tactical defeat may also be considered a strategic victory if it achieves other goals, such as inflicting heavy casualties on the opposing force and slowing or halting its advance, potentially resulting in a Pyrrhic victory for the enemy.

Pyrrhic victory
A Pyrrhic victory (/ˈpɪrɪk/ ⓘ PIRR-ik) is a victory gained at such a cost to the victor that it is tantamount to defeat.

The phrase references a statement attributed to Pyrrhus of Epirus. After his victory against the Romans in the Battle of Asculum in 279 BC, Plutarch reports that Pyrrhus exclaimed "One more victory over the Romans and we are completely done for!"
2013 Serbian local elections
A small number of municipalities in Serbia held local elections in 2013. These were not part of Serbia's regular cycle of local elections but took place in jurisdictions where either the local government had fallen or the last local elections for four-year terms had taken place in 2009.

All local elections in 2013 were held under a system of proportional representation. Mayors were not directly elected but were instead chosen by elected members of the local assemblies. Parties were required to cross a five per cent electoral threshold (of all votes, not only of valid votes), although this requirement was waived for parties representing national minority communities.

2009 Serbian local elections
A small number of municipalities in Serbia held local elections in 2009. These were not part of the country's regular cycle of local elections but instead took place in certain jurisdictions where either the local government had fallen or the last local elections for four-year terms had taken place in 2005.

All local elections in 2009 were held under proportional representation. The direct election of mayors had been introduced in 2002 but was subsequently abandoned in 2007; in 2009, mayors were chosen by elected members of the local assemblies. Parties were required to cross a five per cent electoral threshold (of all votes, not only of valid votes), although this requirement was waived for parties representing national minority communities.
CD Aguiluchos USA
Club Deportivo Aguiluchos USA is an American soccer club, founded in 2012 and based in Oakland, California, that competes in the West Region, Golden Gate Conference of the National Premier Soccer League, the fourth division of the American soccer pyramid.

The club plays its home games at Raimondi Park. Its colors are orange and black, drawing inspiration from Águila of El Salvador, with a secondary kit of all blue, taking after the El Salvador flag and national team.

C.D. Águila
Club Deportivo Águila, commonly known as Águila, is a Salvadoran professional football club based in San Miguel. The club currently competes in Primera División, the top tier of El Salvador football league system.

Águila is one of the most successful clubs in El Salvador football history, with seventeen Primera División championships, one Copa Presidente, and one CONCACAF Champions' Cup. Their 1976 CONCACAF Champions' Cup 1976 title made them the second Salvadoran team to win a CONCACAF title.

Since 1956, Águila have played their home games at Estadio Juan Francisco Barraza located in San Miguel.

Aguila is one of the most widely supported football clubs in El Salvador, and has a long standing rivalry with neighbours Dragón, known as the San Miguel derby, and also competes with power club FAS, known as El Clásico (English: The Classic).
Eastbridge Hospital of St Thomas the Martyr, Canterbury
Eastbridge Hospital, also known as The Hospital of Saint Thomas Becket the Martyr, is a Hospital in the old sense of the word short for Hospitality and was founded in the 12th century in Canterbury, England, to provide overnight accommodation for poor pilgrims who were travelling to the shrine of St Thomas Becket. It is now one of the ten almshouses still providing accommodation for elderly citizens of Canterbury and is a grade I listed building.

Almshouse
An almshouse (also known as a bede-house, poorhouse, or hospital) is charitable housing provided to people in a particular community, especially during the Middle Ages. They were often built for the poor of a locality, for those who had held certain jobs, or their widows, and for elderly people who could no longer pay rent. They are generally maintained by a charity or the trustees of a bequest. "Alms" are, in the Christian tradition, money or services donated to support the poor and indigent. Almshouses were originally formed as extensions of the church system and were later adapted by local officials and authorities.
Hadfields Limited
Hadfields Limited of Hecla and East Hecla Sheffield, Yorkshire was a British manufacturer of special steels in particular manganese alloys (which were discovered by the founder's son and often known as Hadfield steel) and the manufacture of steel castings.

There was a very heavy involvement in the armaments industry, in the production of shells and armour plate steel.

In 1977 Hadfields became part of Tiny Rowland's Lonrho. The over-capacity of Britain's steel industry forced the closure of the Leeds Road plant in June 1981 and the East Hecla workforce was much reduced.  Lonrho finally closed the last part of Hadfields in 1983 receiving compensation from GKN and the British Steel Corporation. Most of the site is now covered by Meadowhall Shopping Centre.

British Steel (1967–1999)
British Steel was a major British steel producer. It originated from the nationalised British Steel Corporation (BSC), formed in 1967, which was privatised as a public limited company, British Steel plc, in 1988. It was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. The company merged with Koninklijke Hoogovens to form Corus Group in 1999.
Lim Siong Guan
Lim Siong Guan, DUNU (First Class) (Chinese: 林祥源; pinyin: Lín Xiángyuán, born 1947) is currently advisor to the group executive committee of GIC, Singapore's sovereign wealth fund. He was group president of GIC from 2007 until his retirement at the end of 2016.

Darjah Utama Nila Utama
The Darjah Utama Nila Utama (English: Order of Nila Utama) is Singapore's third most prestigious national honour, established in 1975. It is an Order conferred by the President of Singapore and was originally intended as the highest award for foreign dignitaries. Over time, it has been awarded predominantly to Singaporeans. The honour is named after the founder of the Kingdom of Singapura, Sang Nila Utama.

As of 1 August 2019, the Order comprises three grades:

the Order of Nila Utama (With High Distinction),

the Order of Nila Utama (With Distinction), and

the Order of Nila Utama.

Recipients of the honour are entitled to use the post-nominal letters DUNU.
Peter Kaptzevich
Peter Mikhailovich Kaptzevich (Russian: Пётр Михайлович Капцевич; 1772 – 3 July 1840) was a Russian general who participated in the Napoleonic Wars. He took part in the battles of Smolensk, Maloyaroslavets, Leipzig, and others. He led a Russian infantry corps during the 1814 Campaign in France. He was also the governor-general of Western Siberia from 1822 to 1827.

Battle of Maloyaroslavets
The Battle of Maloyaroslavets took place on 24 October 1812 as part of the French invasion of Russia. It was Mikhail Kutuzov's decisive battle to force Napoleon to retreat northwest over Mozhaisk to Smolensk on the devastated route of his advance with a higher probability of starvation. Kutuzov's next attack against the remnants of the Grande Armée, the Battle of Krasnoi, began on 15 November 1812, three weeks later.
2023–24 Premiership Rugby
The 2023–24 Premiership Rugby is the 37th season of the top flight of English domestic rugby union competition and the sixth to be sponsored by Gallagher. The competition was broadcast by TNT Sports for the eleventh year of their broadcast deal, with six league season games and the final also simulcast free-to-air by ITV. Highlights of each weekend's games were shown on ITV, with extended highlights on TNT Sports. This was the first season to be aired on TNT Sports since it rebranded from BT Sport in July 2023.

The reigning champions entering the season are Saracens, who claimed their 6th league title after winning the 2023 final. No team was promoted from the 2022–23 RFU Championship, as the champions were not able to satisfy the eligibility criteria required to enter the league.

2022–23 RFU Championship
The 2022–23 RFU Championship is the fourteenth season of the RFU Championship, the professional second tier of rugby union in England. It features eleven English teams and one from Jersey. Jersey Reds won the league with one match remaining.
Charles Howard (serjeant-at-arms)
Brigadier Sir Charles Alfred Howard, GCVO, DSO* (29 July 1878 – 1958) was a British Army officer and parliamentary official from the aristocratic Howard family. He served as Serjeant-at-Arms of the House of Commons from 1935 to 1956.

Serjeant at Arms of the House of Commons
The Serjeant at Arms of the House of Commons is an official of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, whose office dates back to 1415. The Serjeant at Arms is responsible for keeping order within the Commons (and associated parts of the parliamentary estate); there are also ceremonial aspects to the role, and other attached duties. The current office-holder, as of October 2022, is Ugbana Oyet.
Lumbini Park
Lumbini Park, officially T. Anjaiah Lumbini Park, is a small public, urban park of 3 hectares (7.5 acres) adjacent to Hussain Sagar in Hyderabad, India. Since it is located in the centre of the city and is in close proximity to other tourist attractions, such as Birla Mandir and Necklace Road, it attracts many visitors throughout the year. Boating is one of the best attractions and people go to the Buddha idol placed in the middle of the Tank Band in the boats. Constructed in 1994, the park is named after the former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh T. Anjaiah. The park is maintained by the Buddha Purnima Project Authority of the Government of Telangana. In 2007, it was one of the targets of the 25 August 2007 Hyderabad bombings that killed 44 people.

August 2007 Hyderabad bombings
The Hyderabad bombings refers to the incident in which two bombs exploded almost simultaneously on 25 August 2007 in Hyderabad, capital of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh (now Telangana). The first bomb exploded in Lumbini Amusement Park (17°24′35″N 78°28′23.5″E﻿ / ﻿17.40972°N 78.473194°E﻿ / 17.40972; 78.473194) at 19:45 hrs IST. The second bomb exploded five minutes later at 19:50 in Gokul Chat Bhandar (17°23′6″N 78°29′8″E﻿ / ﻿17.38500°N 78.48556°E﻿ / 17.38500; 78.48556) in Koti, a popular restaurant about 5 kilometres (3 mi) away. At least 42 people were reported to have died in the two bombings. Two more bombs were defused in other parts of the city. According to initial reports, the banned Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami militant outfit of Bangladesh is suspected for the serial blasts.
Al-Gottah FC
Al-Gottah FC (Arabic: نادي الغوطة) is a Saudi Arabian football club based in Mawqaq, Ha'il and competes in the Saudi Second Division, the third tier of Saudi football. The club was founded in 1967 and its first president was Matar Al-Futaiman. The club's current president is Saqer Al-Ghalib.

Saudi Second Division League
The Saudi Second Division League (SDL) is a professional association football league in Saudi Arabia and serves as the third tier of the Saudi football league system. The league consists of 32 teams divided into two groups and ranks directly below the Saudi First Division League.
ITV Select
ITV Select was a pay-per-view channel that was owned by Carlton Communications and Granada plc. The channel, which was part of the ONdigital platform, launched on 1 May 2000 as ONrequest and showed films, sport events and exclusive footage. As of July 2000, content was provided under a contract by Universal and Paramount Studios. The service was rebranded as ITV Select in 2001 and closed on 23 April 2002, shortly before the collapse of ITV Digital.

ITV Digital
ITV Digital was a British digital terrestrial television broadcaster which launched a pay-TV service on the world's first digital terrestrial television network. Its main shareholders were Carlton Communications plc and Granada plc, owners of multiple licences of the ITV network. Starting as ONdigital in 1998, the service was rebranded as ITV Digital in July 2001.

Low audience figures, piracy issues and an ultimately unaffordable multi-million pound deal with the Football League led to the broadcaster suffering large losses, and it entered administration in March 2002. Pay television services ceased permanently on 1 May of that year, but carriage of the remaining free-to-air channels such as BBC One and Channel 4 continued. In October, ITV Digital’s former terrestrial multiplexes were taken over by Crown Castle and the BBC to create the Freeview free-to-air service.