hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2015–16 European Rugby Champions Cup
The 2015–16 European Rugby Champions Cup was the second European Rugby Champions Cup championship (21st overall), the annual rugby union club competition for teams from the top six nations in European rugby. The European Rugby Champions Cup replaced the Heineken Cup, which was Europe's top-tier competition for rugby clubs for the first nineteen years of professional European rugby union.

As a result of the 2015 Rugby World Cup being held in England, the tournament started slightly later than in previous seasons, with the opening round taking place on the weekend of 13/14/15 November 2015. The tournament was won for the first time by Saracens who beat Racing 92 in the final on the 14 May 2016, at Parc Olympique Lyonnais (called "Grand Stade de Lyon" by competition organiser European Professional Club Rugby) in the Lyon suburb of Décines.

Parc Olympique Lyonnais
45°45′55″N 4°58′56″E﻿ / ﻿45.765224°N 4.982131°E﻿ / 45.765224; 4.982131

Parc Olympique Lyonnais, known for sponsorship reasons as Groupama Stadium, is a 59,186-seater stadium in Décines-Charpieu, a commune situated in the Metropolis of Lyon. It is the third largest stadium in France, behind Stade de France in Saint-Denis (Paris) and Orange Velodrome in Marseille.

The home of French football club Olympique Lyonnais, it replaced their previous stadium, the Stade de Gerland, in January 2016. The Stade de Gerland became the home of Lyon OU Rugby.

The stadium was a host of UEFA Euro 2016, and was also chosen to stage the 2017 Coupe de la Ligue Final and the 2018 UEFA Europa League Final, in addition to the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup and football at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris. Outside football, the ground has also held rugby union and ice hockey matches, as well as musical concerts.
Fīnau Tūtone
Fīnau Hevaha Tūtone (1938 or 1939 — 5 June 2021) was a Tongan educator, civil servant, and pro-democracy activist. He was a founder of the Friendly Islands Teachers' Association and the Tonga Public Service Association.

Tūtone was educated at Tupou College and worked as a teacher. He later attended the University of the South Pacific where he was a member of a group of Tonga activists promoting political reform and democracy.

He was the Human Rights and Democracy Movement's candidate in the 2005 Tongatapu by-election.

In July 2005 he became the first president of the newly-formed Tonga Public Service Association and was a leader of the 2005 Tongan public service strike. He later served as president of the Friendly Islands Teachers Association.

Following the 2010 Tongan general election he called for limits on the king's veto powers. He was later appointed as a member of the Public Service Commission, but resigned in October 2014.

Friendly Islands Teachers' Association
The Friendly Islands Teachers' Association (FITA) is the only trade union of teachers in Tonga. It is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation and Education International. The union is incorporated, but not registered.
Colin Hardie
Colin Graham Hardie (16 February 1906 – 17 October 1998) was a British classicist and academic. From 1933 to 1936, he was Director of the British School at Rome. From 1936 to 1973, he was a Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, and a tutor in classics. In addition, from 1967 to 1973, he was the Public Orator of the University of Oxford. He was a member of the Inklings, an informal literary discussion group which included the likes of J. R. R. Tolkien and C. S. Lewis.

Inklings
The Inklings were an informal literary discussion group associated with J. R. R. Tolkien and C. S. Lewis at the University of Oxford for nearly two decades between the early 1930s and late 1949. The Inklings were literary enthusiasts who praised the value of narrative in fiction and encouraged the writing of fantasy. The best-known, apart from Tolkien and Lewis, were Charles Williams, and (although a Londoner) Owen Barfield.
Jaguar XE
The Jaguar XE (X760) is a compact executive car manufactured by Jaguar Land Rover and marketed under their Jaguar marque from April 2015 until mid-2024 across a single generation. It is a four-door saloon car with a front-mounted engine and either rear-wheel drive or all-wheel drive.

The successor to the X-Type, it was designed by Ian Callum and launched at the October 2014 Paris Motor Show.

The XE is noted for its aluminium suspension componentry as well as its bonded-and-riveted unitary aluminium  monocoque structure, without need for a reinforcing space frame, pioneered by Jaguar on their third generation XJ-series (X350; from 2002) — the first in its segment.

Rear-wheel drive
Rear-wheel drive (RWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the rear wheels only. Until the late 20th century, rear-wheel drive was the most common configuration for cars. 
Most rear-wheel drive vehicles feature a longitudinally-mounted engine at the front of the car.
VNO-NCW
VNO-NCW (known in English as the "Confederation of Netherlands Industry and Employers") is a Dutch employers' federation founded in 1996 as a merger of the Christian-democratic Nederlands Christelijk Werkgeversverbond (NCW), which was founded as fusion of the Protestant PCW and the Catholic NKW, and the liberal Verbond van Nederlandse Ondernemingen (VNO). Both organizations had strong ties with the Protestant and liberal pillar, respectively.

The federation chose not to adopt a new name, but instead use the well-known acronyms of its constituent organizations.

Employers' organization
An employers' organization or employers' association is a collective organization of manufacturers, retailers, or other employers of wage labor. Employers' organizations seek to coordinate the behavior of their member companies in matters of mutual interest, such as during negotiations with trade unions or government bodies. Employers' organizations operate like trade unions and promote the economic and social interests of its member organizations.
Vegetable Cookery
Vegetable Cookery (originally published in 1812 as A New System of Vegetable Cookery) is an early vegetarian cookbook written anonymously by Martha Brotherton of Salford. It is considered the earliest known published cookbook to advocate a meat-free diet. The work was first issued in periodical form and later expanded into book editions. Brotherton and her husband, Joseph Brotherton, were prominent members of the Bible Christian Church, a religious group that promoted vegetarianism and abstinence from alcohol. Her husband authored the introduction to the book.

Vegetable Cookery consists of ovo-lacto vegetarian recipes and was intended to support the dietary practices of the church. It was revised and republished in several editions throughout the 19th century and has been recognised as a foundational work in the history of vegetarian literature.

Lacto-ovo vegetarianism
Lacto-ovo vegetarianism or ovo-lacto vegetarianism is a type of diet which forbids animal flesh but allows the consumption of animal products such as dairy, eggs and honey. Unlike pescetarianism, it does not include fish or other seafood. A typical ovo-lacto vegetarian diet may include fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, meat substitutes, nuts, seeds, soy, cheese, milk, yogurt and eggs.

In most Western English-speaking countries, the word "vegetarian" usually refers to this type of vegetarianism; however this is not universally the case. In India, lacto-ovo vegetarians are known as "eggetarian" (a portmanteau of "egg" and "vegetarian"), as "vegetarianism" usually refers to lacto vegetarianism.
Snake Eyes: Deadgame
Snake Eyes: Deadgame is an American comic book limited series by Rob Liefeld and Chad Bowers, and debuted on July 15, 2020, by IDW Publishing. The series features several characters from the G.I. Joe franchise by Donald Levine and Hasbro, but focuses on Snake Eyes as the main character.

The series debuted on July 15, 2020, and concluded on July 7, 2021.

IDW Publishing
IDW Publishing is an American publisher of comic books, graphic novels, art books, and comic strip collections. It was founded in 1999 as the publishing division of Idea and Design Works, LLC (IDW) and is recognized as the fifth-largest comic book publisher in the United States, behind Marvel, DC, Dark Horse, and Image Comics, ahead of other comic book publishers such as Archie, Boom!, Dynamite, Valiant, and Oni Press. The company is known for its licensed comic book adaptations of films, television shows, video games, and cartoons.
Graeme Law
Graeme Christopher Law (born 6 October 1984) is a Scottish former professional footballer who plays as a defender. He was most recently player-assistant coach for Tamworth.

Law played for York City, Dundee, Tamworth, Farsley Celtic and Northwich Victoria. He played in The Football League during the 2003–04 season for York and represented Scotland at under-19 level four times.

Scotland national under-19 football team
The Scotland national under-19 football team is the national football team representing Scotland for players of 19 years of age or under at the start of a European Under-19 Football Championship campaign. The team, which is controlled by the Scottish Football Association, acts as a feeder team to the Scotland national football team.
Governors Award (Primetime Emmy Awards)
The Governors Award was established in 1978 by the Board of Governors of the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. The award, one of the highest honors presented by the Board, when warranted, recognize an individual, company, or organization that has made a profound, transformational, and long-lasting contribution to the arts and/or science of television by presenting them with the Governors Award.

Academy of Television Arts & Sciences
The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS), also colloquially known as the Television Academy, is a professional honorary organization dedicated to the advancement of the television industry in the United States. A 501(c)(6) non-profit organization founded in 1946, the organization presents the Primetime Emmy Awards, an annual ceremony honoring achievement in U.S. primetime television. The ATAS is a sister organization to the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences and the International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, the other two bodies that present Emmy Awards to other sectors of television programming.
Fourth government of Alberto Núñez Feijóo
The fourth government of Alberto Núñez Feijóo was formed on 7 September 2020, following the latter's reelection as President of Galicia by the Parliament of Galicia on 3 September and his swearing-in on 5 September, as a result of the People's Party (PP) emerging as the largest parliamentary force at the 2020 Galician regional election. It succeeded the third Feijóo government and was the Government of Galicia from 7 September 2020 to 16 May 2022, a total of 616 days, or 1 year, 8 months and 9 days.

The cabinet comprised members of the PP and a number of independents.

President of the Regional Government of Galicia
The president of the Regional Government of Galicia (Galician: Presidente da Xunta de Galicia, Spanish: Presidente de la Xunta de Galicia), is the head of government of Galicia. The president leads the executive branch of the regional government.

The current office is established under the Galician Statute of Autonomy. It is occupied by Alfonso Rueda.
Rosa Cappiello
Rosa Raffaella Cappiello (1942 – 4 September 2008) was an Italian writer, best known for Oh Lucky Country, which won the 1981 Premio Calabria Prize and the 1985 NSW Premier's Literary Awards' Multicultural NSW Award.

New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards
The New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards, also known as the NSW Premier's Literary Awards, were first awarded in 1979. They are among the richest literary awards in Australia. Notable prizes include the Christina Stead Prize for Fiction, the Kenneth Slessor Prize for Poetry, and the Douglas Stewart Prize for Non-Fiction.

As of 2019, the Awards are presented by the NSW Government and administered by the State Library of New South Wales in association with Create NSW, with support of Multicultural NSW and the University of Technology Sydney (UTS). Total prize money in 2019 was up to A$305,000, with eligibility limited to writers, translators and illustrators with Australian citizenship or permanent resident status.
Junior G-Men of the Air
Junior G-Men of the Air is a 1942 Universal film serial starring the Dead End Kids and the Little Tough Guys. A group of youthful flying enthusiasts join the "Junior G-Men" to help break up a planned attack on the United States.

Dead End Kids
The Dead End Kids were a group of young actors from New York City who appeared in Sidney Kingsley's Broadway play Dead End in 1935. In 1937, producer Samuel Goldwyn brought all of them to Hollywood and turned the play into a film. They proved to be so popular that they continued to make movies under various monikers, including the Little Tough Guys, the East Side Kids, and the Bowery Boys, until 1958.
Sam Oldham
Sam Joshua Oldham (born 17 February 1993) is a retired English artistic gymnast who represented Great Britain in Olympic, World and European competition. He was part of the British men's team at the 2012 Summer Olympics that won bronze in the team competition. He is also a three-time junior European champion and won individual horizontal bar gold at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore.

Representing England, he was a member of the gold medal winning men's team at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow.

Gymnastics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic team all-around
The final of the men's artistic gymnastics team all-around competition at the 2012 Olympic Games was held at the North Greenwich Arena on 30 July. Eight teams of five gymnasts competed, from a total of twelve teams that had qualified for the Games.

The eight teams with the best combined scores in the qualification round moved on to the final. In the final, each team selected three gymnasts to compete on each apparatus. All scores were summed to give a final team score.

China won the gold medal with a total score of 275.997. In second place with 271.952 points was Japan, and Great Britain took bronze with 271.711.
Ahmed Hassan (footballer, born 1975)
Ahmed Hassan Kamel Hussein (Arabic: أحمد حسن كامل حسين; born 2 May 1975) is an Egyptian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder or on the right wing. He is the sixth most capped international male footballer in history, having made 184 appearances for the Egypt national team. Hassan is regarded as one of the best players in African football history.

Egypt national football team
The Egypt national football team (Egyptian Arabic: منتخب مصر لكرة القدم), nicknamed The Pharaohs (Egyptian Arabic: الفراعنة), represents Egypt in men's international football, and is governed by the Egyptian Football Association (EFA), the governing body of football in Egypt.

Egypt is Africa's oldest national football team and has won the Africa Cup of Nations a record seven times. The team has made three appearances in the FIFA World Cup and was the first-ever African and Middle Eastern team to make such an appearance.

Internationally, Egypt earned the honour of becoming a bronze medalist at the 2001 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Argentina.
Gibbs phenomenon
In mathematics, the Gibbs phenomenon is the oscillatory behavior of the Fourier series of a piecewise continuously differentiable periodic function around a jump discontinuity. The th partial Fourier series of the function (formed by summing the  lowest constituent sinusoids of the Fourier series of the function) produces large peaks around the jump which overshoot and undershoot the function values. As more sinusoids are used, this approximation error approaches a limit of about 9% of the jump, though the infinite Fourier series sum does eventually converge almost everywhere.

The Gibbs phenomenon was observed by experimental physicists and was believed to be due to imperfections in the measuring apparatus, but it is in fact a mathematical result. It is one cause of ringing artifacts in signal processing. It is named after Josiah Willard Gibbs.

Pointwise convergence
In mathematics, pointwise convergence is one of various senses in which a sequence of functions can converge to a particular function. It is weaker than uniform convergence, to which it is often compared.
Kenilworth Avenue Line
The Kenilworth Avenue Line, designated Route P14, is a daily bus route operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. It runs between Greenbelt station of the Green and Yellow Lines of the Washington Metro and Deanwood station of the Orange and Silver Lines of the Washington Metro. Buses run every 30 minutes between Monday and Saturday and 60 minutes on Sundays. Trips are roughly 45 minutes long.

Orange Line (Washington Metro)
The Orange Line is one of the six rapid transit lines of the Washington Metro system, consisting of 26 stations in Fairfax County and Arlington in Northern Virginia; Washington, D.C.; and Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. The Orange Line runs from Vienna in Fairfax County to New Carrollton in Prince George's County. Half of the line's stations are shared with the Blue Line and all but three stations (Vienna, Dunn Loring, and West Falls Church) are shared with the Silver Line. Orange Line service began on November 20, 1978.

Trains run every 10 minutes during weekday rush hours, every 12 minutes during weekday off-peak hours and weekends, and every 15 minutes daily after 9:30 pm.
Washington Corrections Center
Washington Corrections Center is a Washington State Department of Corrections men's prison located in Shelton, Washington. With an operating capacity of 1,300, it is the sixth largest prison in the state (after Stafford Creek Corrections Center) and is surrounded by forestland. It opened in 1964, seventy-five years after statehood.

Washington Corrections Center is located at 2321 W Dayton Airport Rd.

Shelton, Washington
Shelton is a city in and the county seat of Mason County, Washington, United States. Shelton is the westernmost city on Puget Sound. The population was 10,371 at the 2020 census. Shelton has a council–manager form of government and was the last city in Washington to use a mayor–commission form of government.
Friend Richardson
Friend William Richardson (born William Richardson; December 1, 1865 – September 6, 1943) was an American newspaper publisher and politician. A member of the Progressive Party and later the Republican Party, Richardson was elected as the California State Treasurer from 1915 to 1923 and shortly afterwards as the 25th governor of California from 1923 to 1927.

Richardson's governorship marked a sharp reversal in policies from previous administrations by rolling back many of the Progressive reforms and state governmental agencies put in place by previous governors Hiram Johnson and William Stephens.

California State Treasurer
The state treasurer of California is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of California. The incumbent treasurer, Democrat Fiona Ma, is the 34th individual to have held the office since statehood. The state treasurer's main office is located in the Jesse M. Unruh State Office Building in Sacramento.
Lionel Giles
Lionel Giles CBE (29 December 1875 – 22 January 1958) was a British sinologist, writer, and philosopher. Lionel Giles served as assistant curator at the British Museum and Keeper of the Department of Oriental Manuscripts and Printed Books. He is most notable for his 1910 translations of The Art of War by Sun Tzu and The Analects of Confucius.

Giles was the son of British diplomat and sinologist Herbert Giles.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
West Buttress (South Howser Tower)
The West Buttress of South Howser Tower is a circa 17 pitch 750-metre (2,460 ft) alpine-climbing traditional-climbing route, in The Bugaboos range of the Purcell Mountains of British Columbia in Canada.  The route is considered to be one the finest alpine climbing routes in North America, and akin to a big wall climbing rock climbing route.

The Bugaboos
The Bugaboos are a mountain range in the Purcell Mountains of eastern British Columbia, Canada. The granite spires of the group are a popular mountaineering destination.  The Bugaboos are protected within Bugaboo Provincial Park.
Kabardian grammar
Eastern Circassian grammar (Kabardian: Къэбэрдеибзэ адыгабзэ) is the grammar of standard East Circassian also known as Kabardian, as spoken and written by the Kabardian and Besleney communities primarily in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and Karachay-Cherkessian Republic in Russia.

Eastern Circassian is ergative–absolutive, predominantly marks head final and its normal word order is SOV (Subject-Object-Verb). Its nouns are remarkably simple, only marking for 2 numbers and case (which is frequently optional). Its verbal morphology however is the most complex part of the language, being inflected with suffixes and prefixes, making it very agglutinative and polysynthetic. A verb can be marked for several persons (polypersonality), number, tense, mood, causative and with a large array of preverbs. Notions such as "can", "must", and "if", usually expressed as separate words in most European languages, are typically expressed with verbal suffixes in Eastern Circassian.

Grammatical person
In linguistics, a grammatical person distinguishes between deictic references to one or more participants in an event. Typically, the distinction is between the speaker (first person), the addressee (second person), and others (third person). A language's set of pronouns is typically defined by grammatical persons. First person includes the speaker (English: I, we), second person is the person or people spoken to (English: your or you), and third person includes all that are not listed above (English: he, she, it, they). It also frequently affects verbs, and sometimes nouns or possessive relationships.