hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Azo of Bologna
Azo of Bologna or Azzo or Azolenus (fl. 1150–1230) was an influential Italian jurist and a member of the school of the so-called glossators. Born circa 1150 in Bologna, Azo studied under Joannes Bassianus and became professor of civil law at Bologna. He was a teacher of Franciscus Accursius. He is sometimes known as Azo Soldanus, from his father's surname, and also Azzo Porcius (dei Porci), to distinguish him from later famous Italians named Azzo. He died circa 1230.

Azo wrote glosses on all parts of the Corpus Iuris Civilis. His most influential work is his Summa Codicis, a commentary of the civil law organized according to the order of Justinian's Code. The Summa Codicis, and Apparatus ad codicem, collected by his pupil, Alessandro de Santo Aegidio, and amended by Hugolinus and Odofredus, formed a methodical exposition of Roman law. As one of the very few medieval legal texts in Latin, the Summa Codicis has been translated into Old French.

Azzo
Azzo (Italian) or Azzus (Latin) are variations of the same name. Azo, Atto, and Hatto are other variants.

Albert Azzo I, Margrave of Milan, Italian nobleman

Albert Azzo II, Margrave of Milan (died 1097), Italian nobleman, founder of Casa d'Este

Azzo V d'Este

Azzo VI d'Este (1170–1212), Italian nobleman and condottiero

Azzo VII d'Este (1205–1264), Marquis of Ferrara

Azzo VIII d'Este (died 1308), Lord of Ferrara, Modena and Reggio

Azzo X d'Este (1344–1415), Italian condottiero

Azzo Alidosi (died 1372), Italian condottiero

Azo of Bologna (Azzo/Azzone) (fl. 1150–1230), medieval jurist

Azzone Visconti (1302–1339), Lord of Milan from 1329 until his death

Pet name for Salvino Azzopardi (1931–2006), S.J. Maltese priest and philosopher
DoReDoS
DoReDoS is a Moldovan trio from Rîbnița, Transnistria. The group consists of Marina Djundyet, Eugeniu Andrianov and Sergiu Mîța. They represented Moldova in the Eurovision Song Contest 2018 in Lisbon, Portugal, with the song "My Lucky Day". They had previously attempted to represent Moldova at Eurovision in 2015 and 2016. They won New Wave 2017 for Moldova.

New Wave (competition)
New Wave (Russian: Новая волна, Novaya volna, Latvian: Jaunais Vilnis) is an international contest for young performers of popular music founded in 2002 by the Russian composer Igor Krutoy and Latvian pianist and composer Raimonds Pauls, and was later enhanced by the Russian superstar Alla Pugacheva. Along with Pugacheva, the headliners of the competition were Valery Leontyev, Patricia Kaas, Toto Cutugno, Lou Bega, Craig David and Svetlana Loboda. Since 2016, Pugacheva has not participated in the organization of the competition.

The contest usually lasts for six days: 3 contest days, 2 special event days and, at the end, the day when the contest's results are announced followed by an ending concert.
German Red Cross
The German Red Cross (GRC) (German: Deutsches Rotes Kreuz [ˈdɔʏtʃəs ˈʁoːtəs ˈkʁɔʏts] ⓘ; DRK) is the national Red Cross Society in Germany.

With 4 million members, it is the third largest Red Cross society in the world. The German Red Cross offers a wide range of services within and outside Germany. GRC provides 52 hospitals, elderly care (over 500 nursing homes and a mobile nursing care network covering the entire country), care for children and youth (i.e., 1,300 kindergartens, a full range of social services for children). GRC also provides 75% of the blood supply and 60% of the emergency medical services in Germany, as well as first aid training. GRC headquarters provides international humanitarian aid (disaster management and development assistance) to over 50 countries across the world.

Ernst-Robert Grawitz
Ernst-Robert Grawitz (8 June 1899 – 24 April 1945) was a German physician and an SS functionary (Reichsarzt, "Arzt" meaning "physician") during the Nazi era. Grawitz funded Nazi programs involving experimentation on inmates in Nazi concentration camps and was part of the group in charge of the murder of mentally ill and physically disabled people in the Aktion T4 programme. In April 1945, as the Soviet Red Army advanced on Berlin, Grawitz killed himself and his family.
SS Adriatic (1856)
Adriatic was a wooden-hulled, side-wheel steamship launched in New York in 1856.  She was conceived as the largest, fastest, most luxurious trans-Atlantic passenger liner of her day, the pride of the Collins Line.  At the time of her launch she was the largest ship in the world.

She made only one roundtrip for the Collins Line before that firm failed, partly because of Adriatic's high cost.  She made five more roundtrips as a luxury liner, before she was sold to an English firm which reconfigured her to carry hundreds of Irish immigrants to America.  In all, the ship made only twelve trans-Atlantic roundtrips, so while she may have been a triumph of American shipbuilding, none of her owners were successful.  She ended her days as a hulk at the mouth of the Niger River as a floating coal depot to fuel ships better adapted to the commercial realities of the day.  She was abandoned there in 1885.

Collins Line
The Collins Line, formally the New York and Liverpool United States Mail Steamship Company, was an American maritime transport company started by Israel Collins and then built up by his son Edward Knight Collins. Under Edward Collins' guidance, the company grew to be a serious competitor to the British Cunard Line.
Alhambra, Montana
Alhambra is a populated place in Jefferson County, Montana, United States. It is a subdivision approximately one mile south of Clancy. Its postal code is 59634. Alhambra is part of the Helena Micropolitan Area, and its population is counted within the Clancy census-designated place.

Jefferson County, Montana
Jefferson County is a county in Montana, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,085. Its county seat is Boulder. The county was created in 1865 and named for President Thomas Jefferson.

Jefferson County is part of the Helena, MT Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra
The Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra (Rundfunk-Sinfonieorchester Berlin) is a German symphony orchestra based in Berlin. In Berlin, the orchestra gives concerts at the Konzerthaus Berlin and at the Berliner Philharmonie. The orchestra has also given concerts in other German cities such as Aschaffenburg, Essen, Halle, Oldenburg, and Wiesbaden. It is the second-oldest radio orchestra with 114 musicians.

Stephen Gould (tenor)
Stephen Grady Gould (January 24, 1962 – September 19, 2023) was an American heldentenor and leading interpreter of Richard Wagner's stage works. He performed around 100 times at the Bayreuth Festival, notably as Tannhäuser starting in 2004, and later Siegfried and Tristan. In 2022, his performance in all three roles earned him nicknames such as Iron Man.

Gould appeared at leading opera houses worldwide. His non-Wagner repertoire included the roles of Paul in Korngold's Die tote Stadt, Bacchus in Strauss' Ariadne auf Naxos, the title role of Britten's Peter Grimes, the Emperor in Strauss' Die Frau ohne Schatten, the title role of Verdi's Otello, Aeneas in Berlioz's Les Troyens, and the title role of William Bolcom's McTeague. In concert, he performed in Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, Schoenberg's Gurre-Lieder, and Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde.
Carroll O'Connor
John Carroll O'Connor (August 2, 1924 – June 21, 2001) was an American actor whose television career spanned over four decades. He found widespread fame as Archie Bunker (for which he won four Emmy Awards), the main character in the CBS television sitcoms All in the Family (1971–1979) and its continuation, Archie Bunker's Place (1979–1983). He later starred in the NBC/CBS television crime drama In the Heat of the Night (1988–1995), where he played the role of police chief William "Bill" Gillespie. In the late 1990s, he played Gus Stemple, the father of Jamie Buchman (Helen Hunt) on Mad About You. In 1996, O'Connor was ranked number 38 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time. He won five Emmys and one Golden Globe Award.

Dr. Kildare (TV series)
Dr. Kildare is an NBC medical drama television series which originally ran from September 28, 1961, until August 30, 1966, for a total of 191 episodes over five seasons. Produced by MGM Television, it was based on fictional doctor characters originally created by author Max Brand in the 1930s and previously used by MGM in a popular film series and radio drama. The TV series quickly achieved success and made a star of Richard Chamberlain, who played the title role. Dr. Kildare (along with an ABC medical drama, Ben Casey, which premiered at the same time) inspired or influenced many later TV shows dealing with the medical field. Dr. Kildare aired on NBC affiliate stations on Thursday nights at 8:30–9:30 p.m. until September 1965, when the timeslot was changed to Monday and Tuesday nights at 8:30–9:00 p.m. through the end of the show's run.
Regal (Hastings) Ltd v Gulliver
Regal (Hastings) Ltd v Gulliver [1967] 1 All ER 37 is a leading case in UK company law regarding the rule against directors and officers from taking personal advantage of a corporate opportunity in violation of their duty of loyalty to the company. The Court held that a director is in breach of his duties if he takes advantage of an opportunity that the corporation would otherwise be interested in but was unable to take advantage. However the breach could have been resolved by ratification by the shareholders, which those involved neglected to do.

Directors' duties
Directors' duties are a series of statutory, common law and equitable obligations owed primarily by members of the board of directors to the corporation that employs them. It is a central part of corporate law and corporate governance. Directors' duties are analogous to duties owed by trustees to beneficiaries, and by agents to principals.

Among different jurisdictions, a number of similarities between the framework for directors' duties exist:

directors owe duties to the corporation,  and not to individual shareholders, employees or creditors outside exceptional circumstances

directors' core duty is to remain loyal to the company, and avoid conflicts of interest

directors are expected to display a high standard of care, skill or diligence

directors are expected to act in good faith to promote the success of the corporation
Gerard Stembridge
Gerard "Gerry" Stembridge (born 1958, County Limerick, Ireland) is an Irish writer, director and actor. He was educated at CBS Sexton Street in Limerick and later at Castleknock College. While attending University College Dublin, he was auditor of the Literary and Historical Society. He taught English, history and drama at Mount Temple Comprehensive School in Clontarf.

Castleknock College
Castleknock College (Irish: Coláiste Caisleán Cnucha) is a voluntary Vincentian secondary school for boys, situated in the residential suburb of Castleknock, eight km (5.0 mi) west of Dublin city centre, Ireland.

Founded in 1835 by Philip Dowley, it is one of the oldest boys' schools in Ireland. Although priority is given to those of the main Catholic tradition, as a Christian school, it is attended by students of other denominations and faiths. The school's colours are navy and sky blue. The school crest is a book, symbolising education, a cross, symbolising Catholicism, the Irish shamrock, symbolising the success of the Vincentians in Ireland and the papal tiara, symbolising loyalty to the Holy See.
Lakeway, Texas
Lakeway is a city in Travis County, Texas, United States. The population was 19,189 at the 2020 census, an increase over the figure of 11,391 tabulated in 2010. The city is located next to Lake Travis. It is an exurb in Greater Austin.

Greater Austin
The Austin–Round Rock–San Marcos metropolitan statistical area, or Greater Austin, is a five-county metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Texas, as defined by the Office of Management and Budget. The metropolitan area is situated in Central Texas on the western edge of the American South and on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, and borders Greater San Antonio to the south. It forms part of the larger San Antonio-Austin Metroplex.

As of the 2020 U.S. census, the Austin–Round Rock–San Marcos MSA is the 26th-largest metropolitan area in the United States, with a total population of 2,352,426. The metropolitan area contains the city of Austin—the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 10th-largest city in the United States with a population of 974,447 people. Austin's largest suburbs are Round Rock, Cedar Park, Georgetown, San Marcos, Leander, and Pflugerville.
Lina Hawyani al-Hasan
Lina Hawyani al-Hasan (Arabic: لينا هوياني الحسن) (born 1975) is a Syrian novelist, journalist and writer. She studied philosophy at the University of Damascus. She runs the literary supplement of the Damascus newspaper al-Thawra. As a writer, al-Hasan has published more than half a dozen books, including novels and non-fiction. In 2010, she was selected to take part in the second IPAF Nadwa, a workshop for young writers held under the aegis of the International Prize for Arabic Fiction and Sheikh Hamdan of the UAE.

International Prize for Arabic Fiction Nadwa
The International Prize for Arabic Fiction Nadwa is an annual writers' workshop for young writers from the Arab world. Held under the aegis of the International Prize for Arabic Fiction (itself funded by the Emirates Foundation in Abu Dhabi), the nadwa is the first such workshop for Arab writers and has been an annual event since 2009.

The  nadwa (Arabic: ندوة; 'assembly', 'symposium') benefits from the patronage of the Emirati prince Sheikh Hamdan bin Zayed Al-Nahyan, and takes place at the Qasr Al Sarab resort in Abu Dhabi.

The small group of emerging writers is accompanied and assisted by two established authors who work as their "mentors". The literary output of the first workshop was collected and published in a volume called Emerging Arab Voices (Saqi Books, London 2011).

The coordinator of the nadwa was Dr Peter Clark in 2009 and 2010 and Fleur Montanaro in 2011.
Anuwar Ali
Anuwar bin Md Ali (born 1946) is a Malaysian economist and exponent of higher education, is the second Vice-Chancellor and President of Open University Malaysia.

He began as a tutor in the Faculty of Economics and Business at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) in 1973. From then on, he rose in ranks to become the Dean of Economics in 1993 and ultimately the Vice-Chancellor of UKM on 1 May 1998. In addition to this, he was the Director of Higher Education at the Ministry of Higher Education (1995–1998) and Chairman of the Malaysian Examination Council (2001–2003).

Born in Jasin, Melaka on 11 July 1946, he received his secondary education at Melaka High School. Later on he studied at Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland where he obtained his BSc (Econs) in 1970. While he was a tutor and lecturer at UKM, he furthered his studies and obtained his Masters and PhD from the University of Leicester and University of Kent, Canterbury, England respectively.

Malacca High School
Malacca High School (MHS, formerly Malacca Free School) is a secondary school in Malacca, Malaysia. Founded on 7 December 1826, it is the second oldest recorded school in the country after only Penang Free School. It was awarded cluster school status and is known as one of the premier schools in Malaysia.
Euphoria (2006 film)
Euphoria (Russian: Эйфория) is a 2006 Russian drama/romance film directed by dramatist and director Ivan Vyrypaev. This drama, rightly classified as tragedy, exposes shocking truth about cultural and material poverty of Russian provincial Village. The film was nominated on Golden Lion at 2006 Venice  Film Festival and won Little Golden Lion. In the same year Euphoria won the Kinotavr Special Prize of the Jury. At the Russian Film Festival past autumn 2007 in the United Kingdom it was appreciated also, became one of the most successful festival films.

The film stars Polina Agureeva and Mikhail Okunev.

Polina Agureeva
Polina Vladimirovna Agureeva (Russian: Поли́на Влади́мировна Агуреева; born 9 September 1976) is a Russian stage actress, singer, and laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation.

She is the winner of national awards Seagull Award (2000), State Prize (2001), Kinotavr (2004), Golden Mask (2009) and Golden Eagle Award (2013).
Deluge (film)
Deluge is a 1933 American post-apocalyptic disaster film, directed by Felix E. Feist, and released by RKO Radio Pictures.

The film is very loosely based on the 1928 novel of the same name by S. Fowler Wright, with the setting changed from the United Kingdom to the United States. It follows a small group of survivors after a series of unexplained natural disasters erupt around the world and destroy  civilization, including a massive tsunami which inundates New York City.

Felix E. Feist
Felix Ellison Feist (/faɪst/; February 28, 1910 – September 2, 1965) was an American film and television director and writer born in New York City. He is probably best remembered for Deluge (1933), for writing and directing the film noirs The Devil Thumbs a Ride (1947) and The Threat (1949), and for helming the second screen version of the Curt Siodmak sci-fi tale Donovan's Brain (1953), which starred Nancy Davis before she became known as Nancy Reagan.

He directed Judy Garland and Deanna Durbin in their first significant screen appearances, in the 1936 short film Every Sunday.
Compute Node Linux
Compute Node Linux (CNL) is a runtime environment based on the Linux kernel for the Cray XT3, Cray XT4, Cray XT5, Cray XT6, Cray XE6 and Cray XK6 supercomputer systems based on SUSE Linux Enterprise Server. CNL forms part of the Cray Linux Environment. As of November 2011 systems running CNL were ranked 3rd, 6th and 8th among the fastest supercomputers in the world.

Cray XE6
The Cray XE6 (codename during development: Baker) made by Cray is an enhanced version of the Cray XT6 supercomputer, officially announced on 25 May 2010. The XE6 uses the same computer blade found in the XT6, with eight- or 12-core Opteron 6100 processors giving up to 3,072 cores per cabinet, but replaces the SeaStar2+ interconnect router used in the Cray XT5 and XT6 with the faster and more scalable Gemini router ASIC. This is used to provide a 3-dimensional torus network topology between nodes. Each XE6 node has two processor sockets and either 32 or 64 GB of DDR3 SDRAM memory. Two nodes share one Gemini router ASIC.

The XE6 runs the Cray Linux Environment version 3. This incorporates SUSE Linux Enterprise Server and Cray's Compute Node Linux.
Argyle Secondary School
Argyle Secondary School is a high school and an arts program focused school in the Upper Lynn Valley school district of North Vancouver (District), in British Columbia, Canada. In the 2011–2012 school year, enrollment was 1,445.

Lynn Valley
Lynn Valley is a neighbourhood in the District of North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Located at the northern edge of Metro Vancouver, it sits between Mount Fromme and Mount Seymour. The area's natural parks include Lynn Headwaters Regional Park, the Lower Seymour Conservation Reserve (formerly known as the "Seymour Demonstration Forest") and Lynn Canyon Park, whose main attraction is the Lynn Canyon Suspension Bridge. Lynn Valley is named after British Royal Engineer John Linn, who settled in the area after 1869. The main intersection of Lynn Valley Road and Mountain Highway is the location of the Main Library and Town Centre. The area is now known as Lynn Valley Village.
James Pelly-Fry
James Ernest Pelly-Fry, DSO (22 November 1911 – 6 December 1994) was an officer in the Royal Air Force. His war career alternated between flying in operational squadrons and serving as an aide for senior commanders. His many appointments gave him the opportunity to view the events of the European War from a command level as well as an operational level. Following the war he spent a brief amount of time as an airline pilot before returning to the RAF. He represented the RAF at a series of NATO conferences, where he formed valuable relationships with a number of national leaders. He had a lifelong interest in aeromodeling, and was a worldwide figure in that hobby. He is best known for leading the low-level daylight raid against the Philips plant in Eindhoven, known as Operation Oyster.

No. 2 Group RAF
No. 2 Group is a group of the Royal Air Force which was first activated in 1918, served from 1918–20, from 1936 through the Second World War to 1947, from 1948 to 1958, from 1993 to 1996, was reactivated in 2000, and from 2023 reports to the RAF's Air and Space Commander, a three-star air marshal.

The group is sometimes referred to as the Air Combat Support Group, as it controls the aircraft used to support the Royal Navy and RAF's front line combat force. Assets under command includes the Strategic and Tactical Air Transport aircraft (including VIP/Communication), the RAF Police, field squadrons of the RAF Regiment, and Air-to-Air Refuelling aircraft. The group headquarters is co-located with the Air and Space Commander's office at RAF High Wycombe in Buckinghamshire.
John Lee (Australian actor)
John Lee (31 March 1928 – 21 December 2000) was an Australian actor with an extensive career in film and television in Australia as well as the United Kingdom and the United States.

He is remembered for his roles on television, including Andrew Reynolds in Prisoner, Inspector Ian Timms in Cop Shop, Len Mangel in Neighbours and Philip Stewart in Return to Eden.

He also worked in the United Kingdom throughout the 1960s and 1970s, appearing in series such as The Avengers, The Troubleshooters, Doomwatch, Marked Personal, Warship, Survivors and Wilde Alliance. He played Alydon in the 1963–64 Doctor Who serial The Daleks, which was shown in colour on 23 November 2023 on BBC4.

Return to Eden
Return to Eden is an Australian television drama series starring Rebecca Gilling, James Reyne, Wendy Hughes and James Smillie. It began as a three-part, six-hour mini-series shown on Network Ten on September 27–29, 1983. Gilling and Smillie reprised their roles, with Peta Toppano replacing Hughes, for a 22-part weekly series that began airing on 10 February 1986.

Return to Eden was created by Michael Laurence; it was an international success, particularly in Russia and France, where it has been shown 13 times.
General Counsel of the Army
The general counsel of the Army (also known as the Army general counsel, abbreviated AGC) is the chief legal officer of the U.S. Department of the Army and senior legal advisor to the secretary of the Army.

U.S. law provides that the general counsel shall be appointed from the civilian life by the president of the United States, with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, and that the secretary of the Army prescribes the duties of the office.

The Office of the General Counsel of the Army also provides legal advice to the under secretary of the Army and the five assistant secretaries, as well as other members of the Army Secretariat.  The general counsel of the Army also plays a role in supervising the Office of the Judge Advocate General and the Office of the Chief Counsel of the United States Army Corps of Engineers.

United States Secretary of the Army
The secretary of the Army (SA or SECARMY) is a senior civilian official within the United States Department of Defense, with statutory responsibility for all matters relating to the United States Army: manpower, personnel, reserve affairs, installations, environmental issues, weapons systems and equipment acquisition, communications and financial management.

The secretary of the Army is nominated by the president of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate. The secretary is a non-Cabinet-level official, subordinate to the secretary of defense. This position was created on September 18, 1947, replacing the secretary of war, when the Department of War was split into the Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force.

On February 25, 2025, Daniel P. Driscoll was confirmed as the secretary of the Army, and was sworn in to office later that day.