hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Middle Russian language
Middle Russian (среднерусский язык; also Old Great Russian старовеликорусский язык, or Old Russian старорусский язык) is the Russian language of the 14th–17th centuries, from the time of the division of Old Russian into the distinctive languages ​​of Great Russian and West Russian (or Old Belarusian and Old Ukrainian), until the reforms of Peter the Great.

The Central Russian period in the history of the Russian language is further divided into two distinct subperiods: Early Middle Russian (14th–15th centuries) and Late Middle Russian (16th–17th centuries).

Various terms are used in scholarly literature, such as Middle Russian, Old Great Russian, and Old Russian (среднерусский, старовеликорусский, старорусский). These terms are applied primarily to units of language (words) to determine their age or time of written recording.

Ruthenian language
Ruthenian (see also other names) was a written language used from the 14th to the 18th centuries within the East Slavic-speaking regions of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Literary Ruthenian is considered to be a historical precursor to the modern Belarusian and Ukrainian languages (occasionally also to Rusyn), although neither standard language directly continues the Ruthenian written tradition.

Several linguistic issues are debated among linguists: various questions related to classification of literary and vernacular varieties of this language; issues related to meanings and proper uses of various endonymic (native) and exonymic (foreign) glottonyms (names of languages and linguistic varieties); questions on its relation to modern East Slavic languages, and its relation to Old East Slavic (the colloquial language used in Kievan Rus' in the 10th through 13th centuries).
St. Charles Chill
The St. Charles Chill was a minor league ice hockey team and member of the Central Hockey League that began play during the 2013–14 season on October 19, 2013 as the affiliate of the National Hockey League's St. Louis Blues and the American Hockey League's Chicago Wolves.  Based in St. Charles, Missouri, the Chill played its home games at the Family Arena.

The Chill was the second hockey team to call St. Charles home following the Missouri River Otters, which played in the United Hockey League from 1999 until folding in 2006.

2013–14 CHL season
The 2013–14 CHL season was the 22nd season of the Central Hockey League (CHL). It was the last season of the CHL, as the league ceased operations in October 2014 after only seven teams remained. Allen, Brampton, Missouri, Quad City, Rapid City, Tulsa, and Wichita were accepted as expansion teams into the ECHL.
2025 The Hundred season
The 2025 The Hundred season was the fifth season of The Hundred, a professional franchise 100-ball cricket tournament involving eight men's and women's teams located in major cities across United Kingdom.

The women's tournament was won for the first time by the Northern Superchargers, while the men's Oval Invincibles won their third consecutive title.

Sunrisers Leeds
Sunrisers Leeds, formerly known as Northern Superchargers, is a franchise 100-ball cricket team based in the English city of Leeds. The team represents the areas of North East England and Yorkshire in The Hundred competition, which first took place during the 2021 English and Welsh cricket season. Both teams play at Headingley Cricket Ground.
Lester Ryan
Lester Ryan (18 April 1959 – 6 June 2020) was an Irish hurler who played as a midfielder at club level with Clara and at inter-county level with the Kilkenny senior hurling team. His brother, Harry Ryan, and his nephew, Lester Ryan, were All-Ireland Championship-winners with Kilkenny.

Harry Ryan (hurler)
Harry Ryan (7 April 1957 – 24 November 2020) was an Irish hurler who played for the Kilkenny Senior Hurling team in the All Ireland Hurling Championship and his parish club Clara and at inter-county level. Ryan also played with Mount Leinster Rangers and was involved in coaching after his retirement from the game. He usually lined out as a left corner-forward. Ryan also achieved winning all Irelands at minor, U21 and Senior completing the holy grail of an intercounty hurlers career .
SM UC-58
SM UC-58 was a German Type UC II minelaying submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy (German: Kaiserliche Marine) during World War I. The U-boat was ordered on 12 January 1916, laid down on 18 March 1916, and was launched on 21 October 1916. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 12 March 1917 as SM UC-58. In twelve patrols UC-58 was credited with sinking 25 ships, either by torpedo or by mines laid. UC-58 was surrendered on 24 November 1918 and broken up at Cherbourg in 1921.

Type UC II submarine
The Type UC II submarine was a class of coastal minelaying U-boats designed and built for the Imperial German Navy during World War I. They were a significant improvement over the preceding Type UC I in armament, range and seaking abilities. Construction began in 1915 and by mid-1917 64 Type UC II had been delivered by five shipyards in ten different batches, which had variations in dimensions and performance. By the end of the war, 46 Type UC II were lost. The Type UC II was a very successful design combining torpedo, deck gun and mine armament with a sufficient performance and range to operate around Great Britain. A succeeding Type UC III was ordered and built in large numbers but came too late to see service in World War I.
Thomas Kelly (cricketer, born 2000)
Thomas James Kelly (born 14 December 2000) is an Australian cricketer. He made his List A debut for South Australia against Queensland on 28 November 2021 during the 2021–22 Marsh One-Day Cup. He is the twin brother of Australian cricketer Corey Kelly. He made his Twenty20 debut on 11 December 2021, for the Adelaide Strikers in the 2021–22 Big Bash League season.

2021–22 Big Bash League season
The 2021–22 Big Bash League season or BBL|11 was the eleventh season of the Big Bash League, the professional men's Twenty20 domestic cricket competition in Australia. The tournament was played from 5 December 2021 until 28 January 2022. Perth Scorchers defeated the defending champions Sydney Sixers by 79 runs in the final to claim their fourth title.
R36 (New York City Subway car)
The R36 was a New York City Subway car model built by the St. Louis Car Company from 1963 to 1964. The cars are a "follow-up" or supplemental stock to the A Division's R33s, which some of the cars closely resemble. A total of 424 cars were built, arranged in pairs. The order includes World's Fair cars comprising 390 cars, and Main Line cars comprising 34 cars.

The R36s entered service on October 24, 1963, and were overhauled in the mid-1980s. They were retired by 2003 with the delivery of the R142 and R142A cars. While most cars were reefed, some have been preserved, and others have been retained for other purposes.

R33 (New York City Subway car)
The R33 was a New York City Subway car model that was built by St. Louis Car Company in 1962 and 1963. The cars are a "follow-up" or supplemental stock for the A Division's R29s and closely resemble them. The cars were also referred to as R33MLs (R33 Main Line) to distinguish them from the R33Ss. A total of 500 cars were built, numbered 8806–9305, and arranged in pairs.

The R33s entered service on November 15, 1962, and were the first A Division fleet to be retrofitted with air conditioning, being retrofitted between 1972 and 1982. The R33 fleet was overhauled between 1986 and 1991. The R33s were replaced in the early 2000s with the delivery of the R142 and R142A cars, with the last train running on April 20, 2003. After being retired, most R33s were sunk into the ocean as artificial reefs, but several cars have survived.
2025 Liberty Flames football team
The 2025 Liberty Flames football team represented Liberty University in Conference USA (CUSA) during the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Flames played their home games at Williams Stadium located in Lynchburg, Virginia. They were led by third-year head coach Jamey Chadwell.

The Flames' 4–8 record marked the first time in 20 years that the team finished with a losing record.

2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season
The 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season was the 156th season of college football in the United States, the 120th season organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), and the 50th of the highest level of competition, the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS). The regular season began on August 23 and ended on December 13. The postseason began on December 13, and, aside from any all-star games that are scheduled, ended on January 19, 2026, with the College Football Playoff National Championship at Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida.

The Indiana Hoosiers defeated the Miami Hurricanes by a score of 27-21 to claim their first national championship in school history. The Hoosiers became the first FBS team since the 1894 Yale Bulldogs to have a perfect 16-0 season. This was the second season of the 12-team College Football Playoff (CFP) system.
Hamburg-Altona station
Hamburg-Altona (or simply Altona) is a railway station in Hamburg, Germany, situated to the west of the city's main station, in the district which bears its name.

A main line terminal station, most Intercity-Express (ICE) services linking Hamburg with southern Germany begin and terminate at Hamburg-Altona. It also has an underground station (named Altona) which is served by the rapid transit trains of the Hamburg S-Bahn. The station is managed by DB Station&Service.

Hamburg Hauptbahnhof
Hamburg Hauptbahnhof (abbrev. Hamburg Hbf), or Hamburg Central Railway Station in English, is the main railway station of the city of Hamburg, Germany. Opened in 1906 to replace four separate terminal stations, today Hamburg Hauptbahnhof is operated by DB Station&Service AG. With an average of 550,000 passengers a day, it is Germany's busiest railway station and the second-busiest in Europe after the Gare du Nord in Paris. It is classed by Deutsche Bahn as a category 1 railway station.

The station is a through station with island platforms and is one of Germany's major transportation hubs, connecting long-distance Intercity Express routes to the city's U-Bahn and S-Bahn rapid transit networks. It is centrally located in Hamburg in the Hamburg-Mitte borough. The Wandelhalle shopping centre occupies the north side of the station building.
1989 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1989 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by 11th-year head coach Hayden Fry, the Hawkeyes compiled an overall record of 5–6 with a mark of 3–5 in conference play, tying for sixth place in the Big Ten. Iowa failed to make a bowl game for the first time since the 1980 season. The team played home games at Kinnick Stadium in Iowa City, Iowa.

Hayden Fry
John Hayden Fry (February 28, 1929 – December 17, 2019) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Southern Methodist University (SMU) from 1962 to 1972, North Texas State University—now known as the University of North Texas—from 1973 to 1978, and the University of Iowa from 1979 to 1998, compiling a career coaching record of 232–178–10. Fry played in college at Baylor University. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2003.
Fusobacterium polymorphum
Fusobacterium polymorphum is a subspecies strain of the anaerobic, Gram-negative bacterium, Fusobacterium nucleatum. Originally, it was isolated from the plaque samples of individuals diagnosed with periodontitis and has been phylogenetically identified as its own distinct sub-group, separate from its previously studied sister strains. Research studies have also linked this subspecies to human diseases, such as fatal sepsis and inflammatory periodontal disease.

Fusobacterium nucleatum
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium, commensal to the human oral cavity, that plays a role in periodontal disease. This organism is commonly recovered from different monocultured microbial and mixed infections in humans and animals. In health and disease, it is a key component of periodontal plaque due to its abundance and its ability to coaggregate with other bacteria species in the oral cavity.
Seven heavens
In ancient Near Eastern cosmology, the seven heavens refer to seven firmaments or physical layers located above the open sky. The concept can be found in ancient Mesopotamian religion, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Some traditions complement the seven heavens with an idea of the seven earths or seven underworlds. These heavens or underworlds have been conceived of as realms with deities or celestial bodies (such as the classical planets and fixed stars).

Variants of the seven heavens tradition existed. Ancient Near Eastern cosmology more often described the number of heavens and earths as three, instead of seven. Seven as the number of heavens was the most popular value for Jewish cosmology, but depending on the text, the number ranged from 3 to 365.

Firmament
In ancient Near Eastern cosmology, the firmament was a celestial barrier  that separated the heavenly waters above from the Earth below. In biblical cosmology, the firmament (Hebrew: רָקִ֫יעַ‎ rāqīaʿ) was the vast solid dome created by God during the Genesis creation narrative to separate the primal sea into upper and lower portions so that the dry land could appear.

The concept was adopted into the subsequent Classical and Medieval models of heavenly spheres, but was dropped with advances in astronomy in the 16th and 17th centuries. Today the word is sometimes used as a synonym for the sky or for heaven.
2013–14 Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball team
The 2013–14 Kansas State Wildcats men's basketball team represented Kansas State University in the 2013–14 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The head coach was Bruce Weber, who was in his second year at the helm of the Wildcats.  The team played its home games in Bramlage Coliseum in Manhattan, Kansas, its home court since 1988.  Kansas State was a member of the Big 12 Conference. They finished the season 20–13, 10–8 in Big 12 play to finish in fifth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Big 12 tournament to Iowa State. They received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament where they lost in the second round to Kentucky.

Bruce Weber (basketball)
Bruce Brett Weber (born October 19, 1956) is an American former men's basketball coach who was most recently the head coach at Kansas State University. Prior to his tenure at Kansas State, Weber was the head coach at Southern Illinois University and the University of Illinois.

Weber won conference championships and conference coach of the year awards at each of the three schools where he served as head coach.  He guided his teams to a combined total of 13 NCAA tournaments in 24 seasons, including an appearance with Illinois in the championship game of the 2005 NCAA tournament. Weber was the consensus national coach of the year in 2005.
2004 European Open (snooker)
The 2004 European Open was the 2004 edition of the European Open snooker tournament, held from 1 to 6 March 2004, at the Hilton Conference Centre, Portomaso, Malta. It was the final year the event was known as European Open, as the event was renamed to Malta Cup in next year. Stephen Maguire defeated Jimmy White by nine frames to three (9–3) in the final to claim his first ranking-event title, transforming him from "talented underachiever into a world-ranking event winner", according to The Times. In the semi-finals Maguire defeated Stephen Lee and White beat Tony Drago. The tournament was the fifth of eight WPBSA ranking events in the 2003/2004 season, following the Welsh Open and preceding the Irish Masters.

European Masters (snooker)
The European Masters (officially the BetVictor European Masters) was a professional ranking snooker tournament that has been staged periodically since 1989 as the European Open. Between 2005 and 2008 it was known as the Malta Cup and was the sole ranking tournament in Europe outside the British Isles before being discontinued. The event was resurrected in its latest form from 2016 to 2023, when it was being discontinued again along with the wider European Series.
1915 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
The 1915 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represented the University of Minnesota in the 1915 college football season. In their 16th year under head coach Henry L. Williams, the Golden Gophers compiled a 6–0–1 record (3–0–1 against Western Conference opponents), tied for the conference championship, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 191 to 35. The only setback was a tie with Illinois with whom the Gophers shared the conference championship. The team was retroactively selected as the national champion for 1915 by the Billingsley Report.

End Bert Baston, fullback Bernie Bierman and guard Merton Dunningan were named All-Americans by the Associated Press. Baston was also named an All-American by the Walter Camp Football Foundation and Look Magazine. Baston, Bierman and Dunnigan were named All-Big Ten first team.

1915 college football season
The 1915 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Cornell, Minnesota, Oklahoma, and Pittsburgh as having been selected national champions in later years. Only Cornell (named by four major selectors) and Pittsburgh (named by one) claim national championships for the 1915 season.
2010 Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders football team
The 2010 Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders football team represented Middle Tennessee State University as a member of the Sun Belt Conference during the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Rick Stockstill, the Blue Raiders compiled an overall record 6–7 with a mark of 5–3 in conference play, placing third in the Sun Belt. Middle Tennessee was invited to the GoDaddy.com Bowl, where they lost to the Miami RedHawks, 35–21. The team played home games at Johnny "Red" Floyd Stadium in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.

2010 Miami RedHawks football team
The 2010 Miami RedHawks football team represented Miami University during the 2010 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The RedHawks, led by second-year head coach Michael Haywood and interim head coach Lance Guidry during their bowl game, competed in the East Division of the Mid-American Conference and played their home games at Yager Stadium. They finished the season 10–4, 7–1 in MAC play and were East Division champions. They advanced to the MAC Championship where they defeated Northern Illinois 26–21 to become MAC champions. They were invited to the GoDaddy.com Bowl where they defeated Middle Tennessee 35–21. They became the first team in college football history to win ten games the year after they lost ten or more games (1–11 in 2009).
Major Indoor Soccer League (2008–2014)
The Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL), originally known as the National Indoor Soccer League, was a professional indoor soccer league which began play in 2008. It was the third league to be known as the Major Indoor Soccer League after the MISL I and MISL II. The MISL name is arguably the most recognizable name in indoor soccer due to its history dating back to 1978. The league name and assets are currently owned by the United Soccer Leagues. The departure of six teams which joined the Professional Arena Soccer League (now the Major Arena Soccer League) after the 2013–14 season effectively ended the MISL.

2013–14 Major Indoor Soccer League season
The 2013–14 Major Indoor Soccer League season was the third under the United Soccer Leagues banner, fifth under the MISL name, and the sixth season overall. The season began on November 15 and concluded on March 2. Each team played a 20-game schedule. This was the final season for this third incarnation of the MISL. Six of the seven teams joined the Professional Arena Soccer League, later renamed Major Arena Soccer League.
Netherlands A cricket team in Ireland in 2021
The Netherlands A cricket team toured Ireland in May 2021 to play three unofficial One Day International matches (with List A status) against the Ireland Wolves cricket team. The fixtures of the tour were confirmed by Cricket Ireland on 22 April 2021, with all the three unofficial ODI matches being played at Oak Hill on 10, 12 and 13 May.

The bilateral series was originally used for both teams as the preparation for the World Cup Super League matches between the two sides which was held in June 2021.

On 4 May 2021, the Royal Dutch Cricket Association announced a 14-man squad for the series, with Scott Edwards as the captain. While the next day, Cricket Ireland also confirmed the squads for Ireland Wolves, with Harry Tector named as the captain.

Harry Tector
Harry Tom Tector (born 6 December 1999) is an Irish professional cricketer. He was part of Ireland's squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his full international debut for the Ireland cricket team in September 2019. In January 2020, he was one of nineteen players to be awarded a central contract from Cricket Ireland, the first year in which all contracts were awarded on a full-time basis.
1985–86 WHL season
The 1985–86 WHL season was the 20th season of the Western Hockey League (WHL). It featured fourteen teams and a 72-game regular season. The Medicine Hat Tigers captured their first Scotty Munro Memorial Trophy for the best regular season record, while the Kamloops Blazers won their second President's Cup as playoff champions.

The season was the first for the Spokane Chiefs, with the Kelowna Wings relocating to Spokane, Washington prior to the season. The Chiefs became the third American-based WHL team. In addition, the Seattle Breakers were renamed the Thunderbirds.

Medicine Hat Tigers
The Medicine Hat Tigers are a Canadian major junior ice hockey team in the Western Hockey League (WHL) based in Medicine Hat, Alberta. Established in 1970, the team is tied with the Kamloops Blazers for the most Ed Chynoweth Cups as league champion with six, and have gone on to win two Memorial Cup titles. The Tigers also have seven Division titles. Since 2015, the Tigers play at Co-op Place after forty-five seasons at the Medicine Hat Arena.
Arkansas Highway 242
Arkansas Highway 242 (AR 242, Hwy. 242) is an east–west state highway in Phillips County, Arkansas. The route of 14.74 miles (23.72 km) runs from Highway 44 near Helena-West Helena north through the city and through the St. Francis National Forest to Highway 1 near Lexa. A segment of the route is part of the Mississippi River Trail, essentially a bicycle-friendly version of the Great River Road.

Arkansas Highway 44
Arkansas Highway 44 (AR 44) is a designation for three state highways in Arkansas. One segment of 11.8 miles (19.0 km) runs from U.S. Route 165 (US 165) north of Gillett east to the La Grue Bayou. A second segment of 47.1 miles (75.8 km) runs from Snow Lake northeast to Highway 20 in Helena-West Helena. A third segment of 7.4 miles (11.9 km) runs from Highway 1B in Marianna east to Lee CR 239 at Bear Creek Lake. Highway 44 is part of the Great River Road and Crowley's Ridge Parkway.