hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shakespeare garden
A Shakespeare garden is a themed garden that cultivates some or all of the 175 plants mentioned in the works of William Shakespeare.  In English-speaking countries, particularly the United States, these are often public gardens associated with parks, universities, and Shakespeare festivals. Shakespeare gardens are sites of cultural, educational, and romantic interest and can be locations for outdoor weddings.

Signs near the plants usually provide relevant quotations. A Shakespeare garden usually includes several dozen species, either in herbaceous profusion or in a geometric layout with boxwood dividers. Typical amenities are walkways and benches and a weather-resistant bust of Shakespeare. Shakespeare gardens may accompany reproductions of Elizabethan architecture. Some Shakespeare gardens also grow species typical of the Elizabethan period but not mentioned in Shakespeare's plays or poetry.

Garden design
Garden design is the art and process of designing and creating plans for layout and planting of gardens and landscapes. Garden design may be done by the garden owner themselves, or by professionals of varying levels of experience and expertise. Most professional garden designers have some training in horticulture and the principles of design. Some are also landscape architects, a more formal level of training that usually requires an advanced degree and often a state license. Amateur gardeners may also attain a high level of experience from extensive hours working in their own gardens, through casual study, serious study in Master gardener programs, or by joining gardening clubs.
Florida State Road 817
Florida State Road 817 (SR 817) is a 25.691-mile-long (41.346 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Florida, locally known as Northwest 27th Avenue (Unity Boulevard / Carrie P. Meek Boulevard) in Miami-Dade County and University Drive in Broward County. Its southern terminus is an intersection in Opa-locka with SR 9, which continues south along Northwest 27th Avenue to Dixie Highway (U.S. Route 1 (US 1) / SR 5) in the Coconut Grove neighborhood of Miami. Its northern terminus is at State Road 834 in Coral Springs, though the right of way continues north to Loxahatchee Road (County Road 827 or CR 827) at the Palm Beach County line.

Florida State Road 827
The former State Road 827, was an east–west road that stretched 35 miles (56 km) along the southern edge of the Hillsboro Canal, originally extending from Sixmile Bend to present-day Parkland. Now County Road 827, the road is locally known as Browns Farms Road and Loxahatchee Road in two segments, while a third is unnamed.

When the route was established in 1945, it extended from its western terminus, being what is now U.S. Route 27 to its eastern terminus being an intersection with U.S. Route 441 and State Road 7) in Broward County.
Sons of the Pioneers (film)
Sons of the Pioneers is a 1942 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers, George "Gabby" Hayes and Bob Nolan. The film was part of the long-running series of Roy Rogers films produced by the Hollywood studio Republic Pictures.

George "Gabby" Hayes
George Francis "Gabby" Hayes (May 7, 1885 – February 9, 1969) was an American actor. He began as something of a leading man and a character player, but he was best known for his numerous appearances in B-Western film series as the bewhiskered, cantankerous, but ever-loyal and brave comic sidekick of the cowboy stars William Boyd, Roy Rogers and John Wayne.
Robert Stromberg
Robert Stromberg is an American special effects artist, production designer, filmmaker, and film director. He is best known for his work on Avatar (2009) and Alice in Wonderland (2010), for which he won consecutive Academy Awards, and for directing Disney's Maleficent (2014).

Academy Award for Best Production Design
The Academy Award for Best Production Design recognizes achievement for art direction in film. The category's original name was Best Art Direction, but was changed to its current name in 2012 for the 85th Academy Awards. This change resulted from the Art Directors' branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) being renamed the Designers' branch. Since 1947, the award is shared with the set decorators. It is awarded to the best interior design in a film.

The films below are listed with their production year (for example, the 2000 Academy Award for Best Art Direction is given to a film from 1999). In the lists below, the winner of the award for each year is shown first, followed by the other nominees in alphabetical order.
Laishon Albert-Jones
Laishon Albert-Jones (born 17 October 1997) is a New Zealand professional rugby league footballer who currently plays for the New Zealand Warriors in the NRL Women's Premiership. Her positions are lock, second-row and five-eighth. She previously played for the Newcastle Knights and has represented New Zealand at international level.

New Zealand women's national rugby league team
The New Zealand women's national rugby league team, also known as the Kiwi Ferns or New Zealand Kiwi Ferns, represents New Zealand in women's rugby league. They are administered by the New Zealand Rugby League.

New Zealand won the Women's Rugby League World Cup in 2000, 2003 and 2008.
Release aid
In archery, a release aid, mechanical release, or release is a device that helps to fire arrows more precisely, by using a trigger to release the bowstring, rather than the archer's fingers. It is used to make the release of the bowstring quicker and reducing the amount of torque put onto the bowstring from the archer's fingers.

Bowstring
A bowstring joins the two ends of the bow stave and launches the arrow. Desirable properties include light weight, strength, resistance to abrasion, and resistance to water. Mass has most effect at the center of the string; one gram (0.035 oz) of extra mass in the middle of the string slows the arrow about as much as 3.5 grams (0.12 oz) at the ends.
Nikita Johnson
Nikita Andreas Johnson (born May 25, 2008) is an American racing driver who is set to compete in Indy NXT for Cape Motorsports Powered by ECR and in the IMSA SportsCar Championship for RLL Team McLaren.

Johnson was the 2024 USF Pro 2000 runner-up, driving for Velocity Racing Development. He also raced in FIA Formula 3 for DAMS and Hitech TGR in 2025.

DAMS
DAMS (formerly Driot-Arnoux Motorsport, currently Driot Associés Motor Sport; racing as DAMS Lucas Oil for sponsorship reasons) is an auto racing team from France, involved in many areas of motorsport. DAMS was founded in 1988 by Jean-Paul Driot and Formula One driver René Arnoux. In 2022 it was bought by ex-F1 driver Charles Pic. It is headquartered near Le Mans, only 2 km from the Bugatti Circuit.

DAMS has enjoyed success in both drivers and team championships in multiple formula series across the world, and has helped launch the careers of several high profile drivers.
Eothoracosaurus
Eothoracosaurus (meaning "dawn Thoracosaurus") is an extinct monospecific genus of eusuchian crocodylomorphs found in Eastern United States which existed during the Late Cretaceous period. Eothoracosaurus is considered to belong to an informally named clade called the "thoracosaurs", named after the closely related Thoracosaurus. Thoracosaurs in general were traditionally thought to be related to the modern false gharial, largely because the nasal bones contact the premaxillae, but phylogenetic work starting in the 1990s instead supported affinities within gavialoid exclusive of such forms.  Even more recent phylogenetic studies suggest that thoracosaurs might instead be non-crocodilian eusuchians.

Premaxilla
The premaxilla (or praemaxilla) is one of a pair of small cranial bones at the very tip of the upper jaw of many animals, usually, but not always, bearing teeth. In humans, they are fused with the maxilla. The "premaxilla" of therian mammals has been usually termed as the incisive bone. Other terms used for this structure include premaxillary bone or os premaxillare, intermaxillary bone or os intermaxillare, and Goethe's bone.
Saturn Returns Interlude
"Saturn Returns Interlude" is a song by American singer-songwriter Ariana Grande from her seventh studio album, Eternal Sunshine (2024). The track is a 42-second spoken interlude that samples a YouTube video of a monologue by Scottish-Canadian astrologer Diana Garland explaining the Saturn return astrological phenomenon.

Saturn return
In horoscopic astrology, a Saturn return is an astrological transit that occurs when the planet Saturn returns to the same ecliptic longitude that it occupied at the moment of a person's birth. While the planet may not first reach the exact location until the person is 29 or 30 years old, the influence of the Saturn return is considered to start in the person's late twenties, notably the age of 27.

Psychologically, the first Saturn return is seen as the time of reaching full adulthood, and being faced, perhaps for the first time, with adult challenges and responsibilities.
Lucas Paquetá
Lucas Tolentino Coelho de Lima (born 27 August 1997), better known as Lucas Paquetá (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈlukas pakɛˈta]), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Flamengo and the Brazil national team.

Paquetá began his career in 2007 with Flamengo, where he won the 2016 Copa São Paulo de Júniores title. After being promoted to the senior team in 2016, he moved to Europe in 2019 to join Italian giants AC Milan, where he played for two seasons. He then joined French club Lyon, and in 2022 signed for English side West Ham United, winning the UEFA Europa Conference League in his debut season. He then joined Brazilian side Flamengo in 2026.

Paquetá represented Brazil at the Copa América in 2019, 2021 and 2024, winning the 2019 tournament, and was also a part of their squad for the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

2019 Copa América
The 2019 Copa América was the 46th edition of the Copa América, the international men's association football championship organized by South America's football ruling body CONMEBOL. It was held in Brazil and took place between 14 June and 7 July 2019 at 6 venues across the country. This was the first time since 1991 where no CONCACAF nation took part in the tournament.

Heading into the tournament, Chile were the two-time defending champions, having won the 2015 and 2016 editions of the tournament, but were eliminated by Peru in the semi-finals leading to the third place match against Argentina, which they also lost.

Host nation Brazil won their ninth title by defeating Peru 3–1 in the final. Argentina took third place by beating Chile 2–1 in the third-place match.
Rob Nieuwenhuys
Robert Nieuwenhuys (30 June 1908 – 8 November 1999) was a Dutch writer of Indo descent. The son of a 'Totok' Dutchman and an Indo-European mother, he and his younger brother Roelof, grew up in Batavia, where his father was the managing director of the renowned Hotel des Indes.

His Indies childhood profoundly influenced his life and work. His Javanese nanny 'nènèk' (English: grandma) Tidjah and particularly his Eurasian mother created the benchmarks of his childhood environment. In his award winning book Oost-Indische spiegel, he states: "If I write about my childhood, I write about her world." and "My Indies youth was critical to my receptiveness to particular cultural patterns. It ingrained a relationship with Indonesia that is irreplaceable."

Nieuwenhuys is the Nestor of Dutch Indies literature.

E. du Perron
Charles Edgar du Perron, more commonly known as E. du Perron, was a Dutch poet and author. He is best known for his literary acclaimed masterpiece Het Land van herkomst (Country of origin) of 1935. Together with Menno ter Braak and Maurice Roelants he founded the short-lived but influential literary magazine Forum in 1932.
Silica Gel (band)
Silica Gel (Korean: 실리카겔) is a South Korean indie rock band, formed in Ansan in 2013 and based in Seoul. The band currently comprises Kim Han-joo (vocalist and keyboardist), Kim Geon-jay (drummer), Kim "Chunchu" Min-su (guitarist and vocalist), and Choi Woong-hee (bassist). The band's members chose the name after noticing silica gel in their gum container before the 2013 Pyeongchang Biennale Art Festival.

Since their formation, the band has released two studio albums: Silica Gel (2016) and Power Andre 99 (2023). At the Korean Music Awards, they won Rookie of the Year in 2017, Best Modern Rock Song in 2022 and 2023, and Musician of the Year in 2024.

19th Korean Music Awards
The 19th Korean Music Awards ceremony was held at Nodeul Live House, Nodeulseom, Seoul, on March 1, 2022, and was streamed online. It recognised the best music released in South Korea between December 2020 and November 2021. It was hosted by the Korean Music Awards Selection Committee and sponsored by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and the Korea Creative Content Agency.
Dániel Berzsenyi
Dániel Berzsenyi (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈdaːniɛl ˈbɛrʒɛɲi]; 7 May 1776 in Hetye (now Egyházashetye) – 24 February 1836 in Nikla) was a Hungarian poet.

Berzsenyi was one of the most contradictory poets of Hungarian literature. He lived the life of a farmer, and wished to be close to the events of Hungarian literature. This contradiction, which he believed he could solve, made him a lonesome, introverted and bitter poet. His works show signs of classicism, sentimentalism and romanticism.

Ferenc Kazinczy
Ferenc Kazinczy (Hungarian: [ˈkɒzintsi ˈfɛrɛnt͡s]), (in older English: Francis Kazinczy, October 27, 1759 – August 23, 1831) was a Hungarian author, poet, translator, neologist, an agent in the regeneration of the Hungarian language and literature at the turn of the 19th century. Today his name is connected with the extensive Language Reform of the 19th century, when thousands of words were coined or revived, enabling the Hungarian language to keep up with scientific progress and become an official language of the nation in 1844. For his linguistic and literary works he is regarded as one of the cultural founders of the Hungarian Reform Era along with Dávid Baróti Szabó, Ferenc Verseghy, György Bessenyei, Mátyás Rát and János Kis.
Highly abundant number
In number theory, a highly abundant number is a natural number with the property that the sum of its divisors (including itself) is greater than the sum of the divisors of any smaller natural number.

Highly abundant numbers and several similar classes of numbers were first introduced by Pillai (1943), and early work on the subject was done by Alaoglu and  Erdős (1944). Alaoglu and Erdős tabulated all highly abundant numbers up to 104, and showed that the number of highly abundant numbers less than any N is at least proportional to log2 N.

Leonidas Alaoglu
Leonidas (Leon) Alaoglu (Greek: Λεωνίδας Αλάογλου; 1914–1981) was a Canadian-American mathematician and operations researcher. During his six-year stint as a mathematician from 1938 to 1944, Alaoglu studied several topics, including topology, number theory, and the geometry of polyhedra. His best known result, which he proved during this period, was Alaoglu's theorem on the weak-star compactness of the closed unit ball in the dual of a normed space. After 1944, he left academia for the world of operations research.
Council (Scouting America)
The Scouting programs of Scouting America is administered through 248 councils, with each council covering a geographic area that may vary from a single city to an entire state. Each council receives an annual charter from the National Council and is usually incorporated as a charitable organization. Most councils are administratively divided into geographic districts that directly serve Scouting units.

Councils previously fall into one of four regions: Western, Central, Southern, and Northeast. Each region is then subdivided into areas. The total number of councils depends on how they are counted:

There are 248 individual local councils

Direct Service covers units outside of local councils— although technically not a council it is assigned a council number

Greater New York Councils has five boroughs, each with an assigned council number

Michigan Crossroads Council has four field service councils, each with an assigned council number

American Scouting overseas
There have been American Scouts overseas since almost the inception of the movement, often for similar reasons as the present day. Within the Scouting America formerly the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), these expatriate Scouts are now served by two overseas local Councils. Within the Girl Scouts of the USA, the USAGSO serves such a purpose.
Callophrys nelsoni
Callophrys nelsoni, or Nelson's hairstreak, is a species of butterfly belonging to the genus Callophrys, wingspan of approximately 1 to 1.5 inches. Like many members of the Lycaenidae family, this butterfly has distinctive rod-like antennae. Callophrys nelsoni are gernually found throughout the west coast of the United States. Although they can be found along the very bottom of Canada's British Columbia and down to Baja California Norte.

Callophrys
The genus Callophrys consists of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. It is apparently not monophyletic, but which of the taxa currently considered junior synonyms of Callophrys are valid genera remains to be determined.

The Asian and European members of this genus and some North American species are commonly known as green hairstreaks, and the North American species in the subgenus Incisalia are called elfins.
Lactarius fallax
Lactarius fallax, commonly known as the velvety milk cap, is a species of fungus in the family Russulaceae.

Its fruit bodies are medium-sized, with velvety, brown to blackish caps up to 2–9 cm (0.79–3.54 in) in diameter bearing a distinct pointed umbo. The caps are supported by velvety stems up to 8 cm (3.1 in) long and 1.5 cm (0.6 in) thick. The mushroom oozes a whitish latex when it is cut, and injured tissue eventually turns a dull reddish color. The eastern North American and European species L. lignyotus is closely similar in appearance, but can be distinguished by its differing range.

Found in both spruce and mixed conifer forests, L. fallax is a fairly common species in the Pacific Northwest region of North America, with a northerly range extending to Alaska.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Xi'an KJ-600
The Xi'an KJ-600 is a Chinese twin-propeller, quad-tail, folding high-wing military aircraft designed for carrier-based airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) and cargo delivery, intended for catapult-launched (CATOBAR) operations on Type 003 and later-class aircraft carriers of the People's Liberation Army Navy from around 2025.

Folding wing
Folding wings are design features incorporated into aircraft to reduce the amount of space a plane takes up on a deck or other surface, so that more aircraft can be parked in a given area.  They are most frequently found on aircraft intended to operate from aircraft carriers, where stowage space on flight decks and hangar decks is at a premium; however, during World War I, in particular, the feature was also used on very large bomber aircraft operating from land, to allow them to fit into hangars designed for smaller aircraft.  More recently wing folding has been incorporated into light civil aircraft, to allow their storage in car garages.

A folding wing has some disadvantages compared to a non-folding wing. It is heavier and has more complex connections for electrical, fuel, aerodynamic, and structural systems.
Hong Kiltong (outlaw)
Hong Kiltong (Korean: 홍길동; Hanja: 洪吉同; c. 1440–c. 1500) was a Korean outlaw from the Joseon period who is thought to have inspired the Joseon-era Korean novel Hong Gildong jeon, which features a protagonist of a similar name. He was the leader of a group of bandits during the reign of King Yeonsangun of Joseon, and is briefly mentioned in the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty.

While much of his life remains unknown, most Korean historians agree that his rebellion in Chungcheong Province became the inspiration behind the popular Korean novel.

Yeonsangun of Joseon
Yeonsangun or Prince Yeonsan (Korean: 연산군; Hanja: 燕山君; 23 November 1476 – 20 November 1506), personal name Yi Yung (이융; 李㦕), was the 10th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. Often considered the worst tyrant in Joseon's history and perhaps all Korean history, he is notorious for launching two bloody purges, seizing hundreds of women from all over the peninsula to serve as palace entertainers, and appropriating Sungkyunkwan as a personal pleasure ground. Yeonsangun's despotic rule provided a stark contrast to the liberal era of his father, and as a much-despised overthrown monarch, he did not receive a temple name.
Electa Quinney
Electa Quinney (Mahican name: Wuh-weh-wee-nee-meew Quan-au-kaunt) (c. 1798 – 1885) was a Mohican and member of the Stockbridge-Munsee Community. She founded one of the first schools in what would become Wisconsin and was the first woman to teach in a public school in the territory which would be Wisconsin.

Mohican language
Mohican, also known as Mahican, is a language of the Eastern Algonquian subgroup of the Algonquian language family, itself a member of the Algic language family. It was spoken in the territory of present-day eastern New York state and Vermont by the Mohican people. The last semi-proficient speaker died in the 1930s. Present day tribal members reject the term extinct and prefer to refer to the language as slumbering since elders have continuously taught children a limited number of words and phrases. Preliminary efforts to revive Mahican have been made since 2017, but much work remains to be done before a consensus can be reached among tribal members to resolve  certain disputed phonological and morphosyntactic aspects of the language.
Tert-Butyl iodide
tert-Butyl iodide (systematic name 2-iodo-2-methylpropane) is an organoiodine compound with the formula Me3CI (Me = methyl). The molecule features a tert-butyl group attached to a iodide substituent.

This chemical is used as a precursor for the tert-butyl radical in various organic chemical reactions. It can also serve as an electrophile in many types of reactions. Examples include for conversion of amino acids to their tert-butyl esters under mild conditions, Heck reactions and electrophilic aromatic substitutions. In combination with DMSO and an additional oxidizing agent such as iodine, it can convert aryl-methyl groups to the corresponding aryl aldehydes. The reaction is postulated to proceed via generation of an intermediate alkoxysulfonium species.

Methyl group
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula CH3 (whereas normal methane has the formula CH4). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many organic compounds. It is a very stable group in most molecules. While the methyl group is usually part of a larger molecule, bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single covalent bond (−CH3), it can be found on its own in any of three forms: methanide anion (CH−3), methylium cation (CH+3) or methyl radical (CH•3). The anion has eight valence electrons, the radical seven and the cation six. All three forms are highly reactive and rarely observed.