hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2011 Nabro eruption
The 2011 Nabro eruption was an eruption of the Nabro stratovolcano in the Southern Red Sea Region of Eritrea, which began on 12 June 2011 after a series of earthquakes. The eruption killed seven and possibly a further 31 people and is estimated to be the highest altitude injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) ever observed by satellite. The Mount Pinatubo eruption 20 years earlier emitted ten times more SO2. The ash cloud from the eruption reached altitudes which disrupted airline traffic in the region. Until the eruption began, the volcano had no records of historical eruptions.

Tephra
Tephra is fragmental material produced by a volcanic eruption regardless of composition, fragment size, or emplacement mechanism.

Volcanologists also refer to airborne fragments as pyroclasts. Once clasts have fallen to the ground, they remain as tephra unless hot enough to fuse into pyroclastic rock or tuff. When a volcano explodes, it releases a variety of tephra including ash, cinders, and blocks. These layers settle on the land and, over time, sedimentation occurs incorporating these tephra layers into the geologic record.

Tephrochronology is a geochronological technique that uses discrete layers of tephra—volcanic ash from a single eruption—to create a chronological framework in which paleoenvironmental or archaeological records can be placed. Often, when a volcano explodes, biological organisms are killed and their remains are buried within the tephra layer. These fossils are later dated by scientists to determine the age of the fossil and its place within the geologic record.
Sławomir Szmal
Sławomir Szmal (born 2 October 1978) is a former Polish handball player, who played for the Poland men's national handball team, a participant in the Olympic Games Beijing 2008, and a medalist in the World Championship (silver in 2007, bronzes in 2009, 2015). Szmal is currently he is the president of the Polish Handball Association.

In 2009 he was named the IHF World Player of the Year.

2015 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2015 World Men's Handball Championship was the 24th staging of the World Men's Handball Championship, organised by the International Handball Federation (IHF). The final tournament was held for the first time in Qatar, from 15 January to 1 February 2015. The Qatari bid was selected over those of Norway, Poland and France after a vote by the IHF Council on 27 January 2011, in Malmö, Sweden. 
This was the third time that the World Championship was hosted in the Middle East And North Africa, after Egypt in 1999 and Tunisia in 2005.

France won the final against Qatar 25–22 to win their fifth title, a first in handball history while Qatar won their first ever medal.
Poland captured the bronze medal by defeating Spain 29–28 after extra time. Denmark secured the fifth place by winning against Croatia which finished sixth and thus had the worst result in the past 13 years of international handball competing.

The competition was marred by numerous controversies throughout.
Takeover Radio
Takeover Radio is a community radio station broadcasting on FM to the Ashfield district in Nottinghamshire. Takeover Radio specialises in helping children gain experience and direct participative involvement in radio broadcasting.

Created in 1996, it enjoyed several years output as a programme format on short-term temporary licence stations. Takeover Radio's first full-time broadcasting output was achieved with the award of one of the first 15 licensed UK Pilot Access Radio stations by the (then) UK Radio Authority in 2001. This was followed by the grant of a Community Radio licence by the now current UK Government regulator Ofcom in 2005.

Ofcom
The Office of Communications (Ofcom) is the government-approved regulatory and competition authority for the broadcasting, internet, telecommunications and postal industries of the United Kingdom.

Ofcom has wide-ranging powers across the television, radio, telecoms, internet and postal sectors. It has a statutory duty to represent the interests of citizens and consumers by promoting competition and protecting the public from harmful or offensive material.

Some of the main areas Ofcom regulates are TV and radio standards, broadband and phones, video-sharing platforms online, the wireless spectrum and postal services.

The regulator was initially established by the Office of Communications Act 2002 (c. 11) and received its full authority from the Communications Act 2003 (c. 21).
God of River Lok
God of River Lok is a Hong Kong television series produced by TVB. Set in the Three Kingdoms period, the story is about the romance between Zhen Fu (Cantonese: Yan Fuk) and Cao Zhi (Cantonese: Cho Chik). The series has seven episodes, each roughly 60 minutes long. It was first aired in Hong Kong on TVB Jade on 30 March 1975.

Cao Zhi
Cao Zhi (pronunciationⓘ; Chinese: 曹植; 192 – 27 December 232), courtesy name Zijian (Chinese: 子建), posthumously known as Prince Si of Chen (陈思王), was a prince of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China, and an accomplished poet in his time. His style of poetry, greatly revered during the Jin dynasty and Southern and Northern Dynasties, came to be known as the Jian'an style.

Cao Zhi was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation for the state of Cao Wei. As Cao Zhi once engaged his elder brother Cao Pi in a power struggle to succeed their father, he was ostracised by his victorious brother after the latter became the emperor and established the Cao Wei state. In his later life, Cao Zhi was not allowed to meddle in politics, despite his many petitions to seek office.
Erastus Corning
Erastus Corning (December 14, 1794 – April 9, 1872) was an American businessman and politician from Albany, New York. A Democrat, he was most notable for his service as mayor of Albany from 1834 to 1837, in the New York State Senate from 1842 to 1845, and two nonconsecutive terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1857 to 1859, and from 1861 to 1863.

Corning was a delegate to the 1860 Democratic National Convention and to the Peace Conference of 1861, which attempted to prevent the American Civil War. Though he was a Democrat and President Abraham Lincoln was a Republican, once the war started, Corning supported the Union while also criticizing what he viewed as the Lincoln administration's excesses.

Peace Conference of 1861
The Peace Conference of 1861 was a meeting of 131 leading American politicians in February 1861, at the Willard Hotel in Washington, D.C., on the eve of the American Civil War. The conference's purpose was to avoid, if possible, the secession of the eight slave states from the upper and border South that had not done so as of that date. The seven states that had already seceded did not attend.
Montabaur Castle
Montabaur Castle (Schloss Montabaur) is a landmark in the town of Montabaur, a town and the district seat of the Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It stands prominently in the town center on the Schlossberg hill at an elevation of 321 meters above sea level and today serves as a training and conference center for the Academy of German Cooperatives.

Westerwaldkreis
The Westerwaldkreis ("District of Westerwald") is a district (Kreis) in the north-east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Altenkirchen, Lahn-Dill, Limburg-Weilburg, Rhein-Lahn, the district-free city Koblenz, Mayen-Koblenz and Neuwied.
Hans Booys
Hans Gabriel Booys (4 December 1951 in Rehoboth, Hardap Region – 19 July 2021) was a Namibian politician. A member of SWAPO, Booys was selected to the National Assembly to replace Nathaniel Maxuilili after he died in a vehicle accident. Shortly after, he was elected in his own right in the 1999 election. He was once again re-elected in the 2004 election.

In 2005 President Hifikepunye Pohamba appointed him to serve on the Security Commission – the constitutional body, which makes recommendations to the President on top army and police appointments and other security matters. He was SWAPO's Deputy Chief Whip in the National Assembly.

SWAPO
The South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO /ˈswɑːpoʊ/; Afrikaans: Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volks Organisasie, SWAVO; German: Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisation, SWAVO), officially known as the SWAPO Party of Namibia, is a political party and former independence movement in Namibia (formerly South West Africa). Founded in 1960, it has been the governing party in Namibia since the country achieved independence in 1990. The party continues to be dominated in number and influence by the Ovambo ethnic group.

SWAPO held a two-thirds majority in parliament from 1994 to 2019. In the general election held in November 2019, the party won 65.5% of the popular vote and 63 out of the 104 seats in the National Assembly. It also holds 28 out of the 42 seats in the National Council. From November 2017 until his death in February 2024, Namibian President Hage Geingob remained the president of SWAPO after being elected to the position at the party's electoral congress.
Edible oil refining
Edible oil refining is a set of processes or treatments necessary to turn vegetable raw oil into edible oil.

Raw vegetable oil, obtained from seeds by pressing, solvent extraction, contains free fatty acids and other components such as phospholipids, waxes, peroxides, aldehydes, and ketones, which contribute to undesirable flavor, odor, and appearance; for these reasons, all the oil has to be refined.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
Fruity Killer Tune
Fruity Killer Tune is the third album from the J-pop group Melon Kinenbi. It contains only two of their more recent singles as well as one completely new track and a remix. In addition, fans were invited to vote on thirteen more songs that would appear on the album, making it an effective "Best of", containing many re-released singles and B-sides not previously released on an album. Fruity Killer Tune was released on December 6, 2006, more than two years after the group's second album.

1st Anniversary
1st Anniversary is the debut album by J-pop group Melon Kinenbi, containing their first eight singles, all released within their first year of operation. It was released on March 12, 2003. Its highest ranking on the Oricon weekly chart was #11.
Nueva Segovia Department
Nueva Segovia (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnweβa seˈɣoβja]) is a department in Nicaragua. It covers an area of 3,491 km2 and has a population of 275,291 (2021 estimate). Nueva Segovia is also home to the indigenous Chorotegas and Nahuas. The capital is Ocotal.

Mangue language
Mangue, also known as Chorotega, is an extinct Oto-Manguean language ancestral to Nicaragua, 
El Salvador, Honduras and Costa Rica. Estimates of the ethnic population vary widely, from around 10,000 in 1981, to 210,000 according to Chorotega activists. Chorotega-speaking peoples included the Mangue and Monimbo. The dialects were known as: Mangue proper in western Nicaragua, which was further subdivided into Dirian and Nagrandan; Choluteca in the region of Honduras' Bay of Fonseca; and Orotiña in Costa Rica's Nicoya Peninsula.

The Oto-Manguean languages are spoken mainly in Mexico and it is thought that the Mangue people moved south from Mexico together with the speakers of Subtiaba and Chiapanec well before the arrival of the Spaniards in the Americas. The timing of this migration is estimated to be between 800 and 1350 AD.

In Guaitil, Costa Rica, the Mangue have been absorbed into the Costa Rican culture, losing their language, but pottery techniques and styles have been preserved.
All-to-all (parallel pattern)
In parallel computing, all-to-all (also known as index operation or total exchange) is a collective operation, where each processor sends an individual message to every other processor.

Initially, each processor holds p messages of size m each, and the goal is to exchange the i-th message of processor j with the j-th message of processor i.

The number of communication rounds and the overall communication volume are measures to evaluate the quality of an all-to-all algorithm. We consider a single-ported full-duplex machine throughout this article. On such a machine, an all-to-all algorithm requires at least  communication rounds. Further a minimum of  units of data is transferred. Optimum for both these measures can not be achieved simultaneously.

Depending on the network topology (fully connected, hypercube, ring), different all-to-all algorithms are required.

Hypercube (communication pattern)
-dimensional hypercube is a network topology for parallel computers with  processing elements. The topology allows for an efficient implementation of some basic communication primitives such as Broadcast, All-Reduce, and Prefix sum. The processing elements are numbered  through . Each processing element is adjacent to processing elements whose numbers differ in one and only one bit. The algorithms described in this page utilize this structure efficiently.
Justin Bijlow
Justin Bijlow (Dutch: [ˈjʏstin 'bɛiloː, ˈdʑus-]; born 22 January 1998) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Serie A club Genoa.

Bijlow went through the academy of Feyenoord, where he signed his first professional contract in February 2015 and made his debut in August 2017. With Feyenoord, he won the Eredivisie twice, the KNVB Cup twice and the Johan Cruyff Shield three times. In 2022, he captained Feyenoord in the UEFA Europa Conference League final. However, he suffered multiple injuries. In January 2026, Bijlow signed for Genoa.

Having played for multiple national youth teams, Bijlow made his debut for the Netherlands national team in September 2021. He was later included in their squad for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2024 and the 2023 UEFA Nations League Finals, and has earned 8 caps.

2023 UEFA Nations League Finals
The 2023 UEFA Nations League Finals was the final tournament of the 2022–23 edition of the UEFA Nations League, the third season of the international football competition involving the men's national teams of the 55 member associations of UEFA. The tournament was held from 14 to 18 June 2023 in the Netherlands and was contested by the four group winners of Nations League A. The tournament consisted of two semi-finals, a third place play-off and a final to determine the champions of the UEFA Nations League.

Following their win in 2021, defending champions France were unable to retain their title after finishing third in their group.

Spain won the final against Croatia, 5–4 on penalties following a 0–0 draw after extra time, for their first UEFA Nations League title.
Chris Lumsdon
Christopher Lumsdon (born 15 December 1979 in Newcastle upon Tyne) is an English former professional footballer. A midfielder, he played twice for Sunderland in the Premier League, forming part of their Championship title-winning team of 1998–99. He later played for Barnsley and Carlisle United, where he won the 2005 Conference National play-off final and the 2005–06 Football League Two Championship title. A short spell at Darlington followed, before he was forced to retire through injury in July 2010.

During his time at Sunderland, he was sent out on loan to Blackpool, Crewe Alexandra and Barnsley.

2005–06 Football League
The 2005–06 Football League (known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons) was the 107th completed season of The Football League.

This season saw Reading promoted to the top flight for the first time in their history, after winning the Championship with 106 points – a record for a 46-match season with three points for a win. Southend United were the champions of League One, while Carlisle United, having played in the Conference in 2004–05, completed a double promotion by winning League Two.
Ozhaguscodaywayquay
Ozhaguscodaywayquay (Ozhaawashkodewekwe: Woman of the Green Glade), also called Susan Johnston (c. 1775 – c. 1840), was an Ojibwe (also known as Ojibwa) woman and was an important figure in the Great Lakes fur trade before the War of 1812, as well as a political figure in Northern Michigan after the war. She married the British fur trader John Johnston, an inland trader of the North West Company. They had prominent roles in the crossroads society of Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan and the territory before 1830, and entertained notable visitors from a variety of disciplines. Their daughter Jane Johnston Schoolcraft has become recognized as the first Native American literary writer in the United States.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.
Valparaiso Downtown Commercial District
Valparaiso has retained an active downtown. It remains a mix of government, retail and business center, with a mixed residential and service area (retail and restaurants). Numerous economic changes have not changed the basic character, historic courthouse area. The historic district retains the distinctive turn-of-the-19th-century architecture, supporting numerous small specialty shops, shaded sidewalks, and a people friendly environment. The Downtown District, is anchored on the Porter County Courthouse.  It includes 14-blocks surrounding the square, bounded on the north by Jefferson Street, on the east by Morgan Street, on the south by Monroe Street, and on the west by Napoleon Street.

Porter County Museum
The Porter County Museum (PoCo Muse) is a museum that is located at 20 Indiana Avenue, Valparaiso, Indiana.

From May 11, 1975, until March 12, 2020, the museum was located in the old Porter County Jail and sheriffs residence, located at 153 Franklin Street, Valparaiso, Indiana, across the street from its current home. The jail was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.  The museum was founded in 1916 by the Porter County Historical Society (now the PoCo Muse Foundation), the PoCo Muse is the oldest institution devoted to the history and culture of Porter County, Indiana.

Artifacts were displayed in the lower level of the Valparaiso Public Library from 1916 until 1937, on the top floor of the Porter County Courthouse from 1938 until 1973, and inside the 1871 Porter County Jail and Sheriff's Residence from 1975 until 2020. Currently The PoCo Muse is located across from two of its previous homes at 20 Indiana Avenue in downtown Valparaiso.
Dunleer
Dunleer (Irish: Dún Léire) is a town and townland in County Louth, Ireland. Dunleer is situated midway between Dundalk and Drogheda and is located on the junction of the R132, R169 and R170 regional roads that intersect the town. As of the 2022 census, the town had a population of 2,143.

Dunleer used to be the principal town borough in the historical barony of Ferrard and has a charter dating back to 1252. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.

Drogheda
Drogheda (/ˈdrɒhədə, ˈdrɔːdə/ DRO-həd-ə, DRAW-də; Irish: Droichead Átha [ˈd̪ˠɾˠɛhəd̪ˠ ˈaːhə] ⓘ, meaning "bridge at the ford") is an industrial and port town in County Louth on the east coast of Ireland, 43 km (27 mi) north of Dublin. It is located on the Dublin–Belfast corridor on the east coast of Ireland, mostly in County Louth but with the south fringes of the town in County Meath, 40 km (25 mi) north of Dublin city centre. Drogheda had a population of 44,135 inhabitants in 2022, making it the eleventh largest settlement by population in all of Ireland, and the largest town in the Republic of Ireland, by both population and area. The area of Drogheda that is in Co.Louth has 35,990 residents, while the area of Drogheda that is in Co. Meath has 8,145 residents, which make up the 44,135 total. It is the last bridging point on the River Boyne before it enters the Irish Sea. The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Newgrange is located 8 km (5.0 mi) west of the town.
Mort Lindsey (bowler)
Mort Lindsey (December 20, 1888 – May 16, 1959) was an American bowler and an inaugural member of the American Bowling Congress Hall of Fame in 1941.

He started out having interests in baseball and billiards and began bowling in 1902. A fearless competitor, he was also "one of the first of the game's colorful performers." He remained a competitive bowler into his 60s. He won three ABC titles and had the best tournament average score from 1916 to 1925.  In 1927 he was listed as one of the world's top ten bowlers. He was considered the greatest money bowler of his time. Although most of his tournament wins were in the New York area, he won the Peterson Classic in Chicago, the richest prize tournament in the early days of the sport. In 1951 he was an inaugural member of the U.S. Bowling Congress New York City Hall of Fame. In 1997 he was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.

United States Bowling Congress
The United States Bowling Congress (USBC) is a sports membership organization dedicated to ten-pin bowling in the United States.  It was formed in 2005 by a merger of the American Bowling Congress—the original codifier of all tenpin bowling standards, rules, and regulations from 1895 onwards; the Women's International Bowling Congress—founded in 1916, as the female bowlers' counterpart to the then all-male ABC; the Young American Bowling Alliance; and USA Bowling.  The USBC's headquarters are located in Arlington, Texas, after having moved from the Milwaukee suburb of Greendale, Wisconsin, in November 2008. The move enabled the USBC to combine its operations with the Bowling Proprietors' Association of America (BPAA).
Karnataka Sampark Kranti Express (via Belagavi)
The 12629 / 12630 Karnataka Sampark Kranti Express is a Sampark Kranti Express train belonging to South Western Railway Zone that runs between Yesvantpur Junction and Hazrat Nizamuddin in India. It is currently being operated with 12629/12630 train numbers on a biweekly basis.

Yesvantpur Junction railway station
Yesvantpur Junction railway station also Yeshwanthapura Junction railway station (station code: YPR) is one of the three important stations which serves the city of Bangalore which is located in Yesvantpur locality. It is one of the developing stations of Bangalore created for reducing the rush at Bangalore City railway station.