hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diwan Hari Chand
Diwan Hari Chand (died 1857) was a Khatri general from the prominent family of the Dewans of Eminabad, who were chiefs in service of Maharaja Gulab Singh of Jammu. Hari Chand's military leadership secured Dogra rule across the western Himalayas. In 1842 he marshaled an army that lifted the siege of Leh, routed the Tibetans at Tangtse and Chushul, and negotiated the Treaty of Chushul, which firmly established Ladakh under Gulab Singh’s suzerainty. Over the next decade he defended the frontiers of the newly formed princely state of Jammu & Kashmir—quelling rebellions in Hazara, Gilgit and Chilas. In 1857 he led the Jammu contingent at the Siege of Delhi, where he succumbed to cholera. Hari Chand remains one of the foremost military architects of mid-19th-century Dogra expansion.

Western Himalayas
The Western Himalayas are the western half of the Himalayas, in  northwestern India and northern Pakistan. Four of the five tributaries of the Indus River in Punjab (Beas, Chenab, Jhelum, and Ravi) rise in the Western Himalayas; while the fifth, the Sutlej cuts through the range after rising in Tibet Autonomous Region of China

Included within the Western Himalayas are the Zanskar Range, the Pir Panjal Range, and the Dhauladhar Range, and western parts of the Sivalik Range and the Great Himalayas. The highest point is Nanga Parbat (26,660 feet or 8,126 metres), at the northwestern end of the region. It is part of the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot.

Climate in high altitudes of the Western Himalayas is poorly known due to the difficulties in maintaining observational networks. A historical name for a substantial proportion of the Western Himalayan range was the Punjab Hills.
Longman (band)
Longman (stylized as LONGMAN) is a Japanese punk rock band formed in 2012 in Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture, currently consisting of Sawa Yoriki, Hiroya Hirai and Yuki Horikawa. They released their first studio album, Neverland in 2014, and made their major label debut with Sony Music Entertainment Japan in 2020 with their third album Just A Boy.

The band was formed from a music club at Matsuyama University, and made their debut in 2013 with the EP Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish. Longman have released 5 studio albums, their fourth, This Is Youth, peaking at 20th on the Oricon Albums Chart. In 2023, their song Spiral released as the opening theme to the first cour of the second season of Mushoku Tensei.

Matsuyama University
Matsuyama University (松山大学, Matsuyama daigaku) is a private university in Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The predecessor of the school was founded in 1923, and it was chartered as a university in 1949. The present name was adopted in 1989.
Tofig Yagublu
Tofig Rashid oghlu Yagublu (Azerbaijani: Tofiq Rəşid oğlu Yaqublu; born 1961), is an Azerbaijani politician, journalist, former deputy chairman of the Musavat Party (2010–2018), and a member of the coordinating center of the National Council of Democratic Forces (NCDF).

Arrested and imprisoned several times, Amnesty International has recognized Yagublu as a prisoner of conscience. In March 2025, he was sentenced to 9 years in prison.

Musavat
The Müsavat Party (Azerbaijani: Müsavat Firqəsi, from Arabic: مساواة musāwāt, lit. 'equality'  or 'parity') is the oldest existing political party in Azerbaijan. Its history can be divided into three periods: Early Musavat, Musavat-in-exile and New Musavat.

The party was prohibited from contesting the 1995 and 2000 parliamentary elections in Azerbaijan by the Heydar Aliyev regime. At the time, the party was one of major opposition parties in the country.
Athlone–Longford
Athlone–Longford was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas from 1937 to 1948. The constituency elected 3 deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) to the Dáil, on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). The constituency covered County Longford and an area to the south centred om the town of Athlone.

Dáil constituencies
There are 43 multi-member electoral districts, known as Dáil constituencies, to elect 174 TDs to Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas, Ireland's parliament, on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV), to a maximum term of five years. The configuration of constituencies was amended by the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2023, which were in operation for the 2024 general election.
Watopeka River
The Watopeka river (in French: rivière Watopeka) is a tributary of the Saint-François River, in the administrative region of Estrie, on the South Shore of St. Lawrence River, in Quebec, Canada. The course of the Watopeka river successively crosses the territories of the municipalities of:

Le Haut-Saint-François Regional County Municipality (MRC): municipality of Dudswell;

Les Sources Regional County Municipality (MRC): Saint-Camille;

Le Val-Saint-François Regional County Municipality (MRC): municipalities of Stoke, Saint-Georges-de-Windsor, Val-Joli and Windsor.

Saint-François River
The Saint-François River (French: Rivière Saint-François, pronounced [ʁivjɛʁ sɛ̃ fʁɑ̃swa]) is a right tributary of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada.

Its source is Lake Saint-François in Chaudière-Appalaches, southeast of Thetford Mines. It flows southwest towards Sherbrooke, where it changes course northwest towards Drummondville, and finally empties into the Saint Lawrence River near Pierreville. Its total length is 218 km.
Samuel Seymour (artist)
Samuel Seymour (ca. 1775–ca. 1832) was a painter, engraver, and illustrator who documented Native American people and the scenery from expeditions of Stephen Harriman Long in 1819, 1820, and 1823. Some of the drawings captured new species of flora and fauna.

He was described as "the first of the far western expeditionary artists". Prior to that, he was born in England or Scotland and came to the United States as a young man. Seymour was trained and worked as an engraver. He began painting landscapes, with his work exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1805, it is the longest continuously operating art museum and art school in the United States.

The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, sculptures, and works on paper. Its archives house important materials for the study of American art history, museums, and art training. It offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, certificate programs, and continuing education. Beginning in 2025, the academy will cease offering degrees except bachelor's degrees in conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania.
(+)-Benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide
(+)-Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide is an organic compound with molecular formula C20H14O3.  It is a metabolite and derivative of benzo[a]pyrene (found in tobacco smoke) as a result of oxidation to include hydroxyl and epoxide functionalities.  (+)-Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide binds to the N2 atom of a guanine nucleobase in DNA, distorting the double helix structure by intercalation of the pyrene moiety between base pairs through π-stacking.  The carcinogenic properties of tobacco smoking are attributed in part to this compound binding and inactivating the tumor suppression ability of certain genes, leading to genetic mutations and potentially to cancer.

Mutagen
In genetics, a mutagen is a physical or chemical agent that permanently changes genetic material, usually DNA, in an organism and thus increases the frequency of mutations above the natural background level. As many mutations can cause cancer in animals, such mutagens can therefore be carcinogens, although not all necessarily are. All mutagens have characteristic mutational signatures with some chemicals becoming mutagenic through cellular processes.

The process of DNA becoming modified is called mutagenesis. Not all mutations are caused by mutagens: so-called "spontaneous mutations" occur due to spontaneous hydrolysis, errors in DNA replication, repair and recombination.
Karin Petherick
Karin Rosamund Petherick (née Burbury; 14 March 1929 – 2 November 2009) was a British literary scholar and translator of Swedish. She taught for many years at the Department of Scandinavian Studies at University College London (UCL), where she specialised in Swedish and Finland-Swedish literature. Her research focused on authors such as Hjalmar Bergman, Selma Lagerlöf, Hjalmar Söderberg, and Edith Södergran.

Hjalmar Söderberg
Hjalmar Emil Fredrik Söderberg (2 July 1869 – 14 October 1941) was a Swedish novelist, short story writer, playwright and journalist. His works often deal with melancholy and lovelorn characters, and offer a rich portrayal of contemporary Stockholm through the eyes of the flaneur. Söderberg is regarded as one of the greatest writers in Swedish literature. His works are translated to more than twenty languages.
Marty Smith
Marty Smith (November 26, 1956 – April 27, 2020) was an American professional motocross racer. He competed in the AMA Motocross Championships from 1974 to 1981, most prominently as a member of the Honda factory racing team with whom he won 18 AMA race victories and three National Motocross championships. During his formative years of racing, he had no teachers and learned by carefully observing the fast guys, then applying what he saw. Smith said he almost never rode at 100 percent. With his long hair, Southern California surfer looks and smooth riding style, he was a popular figure among race fans and was the first superstar of American motocross. Smith was inducted into the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 2000.

AMA Motocross Championship
The AMA Motocross Championship (commercially known as Pro Motocross Championship) is an American motorcycle racing series. The motocross race series was founded and sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) in 1972. The series is the major outdoor motocross series in the United States and is sanctioned by AMA Pro Racing and managed by MX Sports Pro Racing.

With respect to the MXGP holding the discipline's worldwide title, and the advent of the FIM Supercross World Championship resulting in the AMA Supercross Championship losing its world title status, the two series will form the SuperMotocross World Championship from 2023.
Frome St Quintin
Frome St Quintin is a village and civil parish in the county of Dorset, southern England, situated approximately 11 miles (18 km) northwest of the county town of Dorchester. It is located on an outcrop of greensand near the head of the Frome valley, among the chalk hills of the Dorset Downs. The area features naturally occurring springs, and the first habitation likely dates back to the Roman era. The parish church dates back to the 13th century. Just over 0.5 miles (0.80 km) west of the village, within Cattistock, lies Chantmarle, a 15th-century manor house with later additions.

The civil parish has a group parish council, Frome Valley Parish Council, together with neighbouring Cattistock and Chilfrome parishes.

Cattistock
Cattistock is a village and civil parish in west Dorset, England, sited in the upper reaches of the Frome Valley, 8 miles (13 km) northwest of the county town Dorchester. The Dorset poet William Barnes called it "elbow-streeted Cattstock", a comment on the less-than-linear village street. In the 2011 census the parish had a population of 509.
Yudelmis Domínguez
Yudelmis Domínguez Masague (born 19 January 1985) is a Cuban professional racing cyclist. She rode at the 2013 and 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. She competed at the 2014 Central American and Caribbean Games in Veracruz, Mexico.

2014 Central American and Caribbean Games
The 22nd Central American and Caribbean Games were held November 14–30, 2014 in Veracruz, Mexico. The Games featured 36 sports, with most occurred in Veracruz, but some occurred in Boca del Río, Xalapa, Córdoba, Tuxpan, and Coatzacoalcos.
2017 Taiwan Football Premier League
The 2017 Taiwan Football Premier League (TFPL) was the first season of the Taiwan Football Premier League since it replaced the Intercity Football League following the 2016 season. It was contested by 8 clubs. Taichung City Dragon, who participated in the final Intercity Football League season, were replaced for the inaugural TFPL by Tainan City. Taipower FC finished at the top of the table, but were defeated 1-1 on away goals in a playoff by Tatung FC, the second ranked team, for the title. With that result, Tatung FC earned an automatic berth in the 2018 AFC Cup group stage, while Taipower FC qualified for the playoff round. However, neither side chose to enter the tournament, so 3rd place playoff winners Hang Yuen were granted the AFC Cup berth.

2018 AFC Cup
The 2018 AFC Cup was the 15th edition of the AFC Cup, Asia's secondary club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya from Iraq won the title for the third consecutive year, defeating Altyn Asyr from Turkmenistan in the final.
2011 Nigerian Senate elections in Zamfara State
The 2011 Nigerian Senate election in Zamfara State was held on April 11, 2011, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Zamfara State. Kabir Garba Marafa representing Zamfara Central won on the platform of All Nigeria Peoples Party, while Sahabi Yau representing Zamfara North and Ahmad Sani Yerima representing Zamfara West both won on the platform of the Peoples Democratic Party.

Sahabi Alhaji Yaú
Sahabi Alhaji Yaú (born 16 July 1956) is a Nigerian politician who was elected Senator in 2007 on the platform of All Nigeria Peoples Party to represent Zamfara North Senetorial District of Zamfara State.
White Cubans
White Cubans (Spanish: Cubanos blancos) are Cubans of total or predominantly European (predominantly Iberian) and West Asian ancestry, these stand out for having light or olive skin and self-identify as white.  In a more official sense, the National Office of Statistics and Information, which collects demographic data on Cubans, uses the term "white".
The 2012 Cuban census reported that White Cubans are currently the largest group in Cuba representing 64.12% of the population.

Aside from Spanish—largely Asturian, Galician, Castillian and Canarian—settlers, additional Europeans of many families from France, the United Kingdom (especially England), Portugal, Italy, among others. The Royal decree of October 21, 1817 encouraged Europeans to settle in Cuba when the island was a Captaincy General, an administrative district of the Spanish Empire.
Large flows of Northern Spaniards also occurred in the late nineteenth and early 20th centuries, among other Europeans.

Spanish immigration to Cuba
Spanish immigration to Cuba began in 1492, when the Spanish first landed on the island, and continues to the present day. The first sighting of a Spanish boat approaching the island was on 27 October 1492, probably at Bariay on the eastern point of the island. Columbus, on his first voyage to the Americas, sailed south from what is now The Bahamas to explore the northeast coast of Cuba and the northern coast of Hispaniola. Columbus came to the island believing it to be a peninsula of the Asian mainland.
Beauty Pop
Beauty Pop (Japanese: ビューティーポップ, Hepburn: Byūtī Poppu) is a shōjo manga series written and illustrated by Kiyoko Arai. It originally ran in the Japanese manga magazine Ciao. Beauty Pop is published in English by VIZ Media under the Shojo Beat label and in French by Soleil Manga. The manga focuses on the life of a naturally talented hairstylist named Kiri Koshiba and her problems with the "Scissors Project," a group of boys determined to become the best makeover team in Japan. Beauty Pop went on a short hiatus from Ciao, but it came back under the title Beauty Pop Stage 2. The series has also been adapted into a Drama CD, which was released on 25 November 2004.

Hairdresser
A hairdresser is a person whose occupation is to cut or style hair in order to change or maintain a person's image. This is achieved using a combination of hair coloring, haircutting, and hair texturing techniques. A hairdresser may also be referred to as a 'barber' or 'hairstylist'.
Miguel Grau de Abancay
Miguel Grau is a Peruvian football club  based in the city of Abancay, Apurímac, Peru.

The club is the biggest of Abancay city, and one of the biggest in the Apurímac Province.

The club was founded in 1955 and plays in the Copa Perú, which is the third division of the Peruvian league.

Copa Perú
The Copa Perú is a football tournament in Peru and the fourth-highest division of the Peruvian football league system. Despite its name, it is not entirely an elimination-cup competition involving all Peruvian clubs, but rather a series of league tournaments leading to an elimination tournament, with regional league clubs as participants. It guarantees its 4 teams promotion to the Liga 3.
James Hendler
James Alexander Hendler (born April 2, 1957) is an artificial intelligence researcher at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, United States, and one of the originators of the Semantic Web.  He is a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration.

National Academy of Public Administration (United States)
The National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA) is a national academy of the United States in the field of public administration. As a congressionally-chartered, nonpartisan, and independent entity, its mission is to produce independent research and studies that advance the field of public administration and facilitate the development, adoption, and implementation of solutions to challenges of government administration. NAPA carries out its work outside of the government’s formal structure. It does not receive any direct federal appropriations.

Academy membership comprises scholars, public administrators, and former public officials who are elected as fellows due to their contributions to the field of public administration. As of 2025, there are more than 1,000 fellows.

It is one of two organizations chartered by Congress to support government oversight, along with the National Academy of Sciences.
Jewish existentialism
Jewish existentialism is a category of work by Jewish authors dealing with existentialist themes and concepts (e.g., the debate about the existence of God and the meaning of human existence), intended to answer theological questions that are important in Judaism. The existential angst of Job is an example from the Hebrew Bible of the existentialist theme. Theodicy and post-Holocaust theology comprise much of 20th-century Jewish existentialism.

Examples of Jewish thinkers and philosophers whose works include existentialist themes are Martin Buber, Joseph B. Soloveitchik, Lev Shestov, Benjamin Fondane, Franz Kafka, Franz Rosenzweig, Hans Jonas, Emmanuel Levinas, Hannah Arendt, Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel, and Emil Fackenheim.

Martin Buber
Martin Buber (pronounced [ˈmaʁtiːn̩ ˈbuːbɐ] ⓘ; Hebrew: מרטין בובר, Yiddish: מארטין בובער; 8 February 1878 – 13 June 1965) was an Austrian-Israeli philosopher best known for his philosophy of dialogue, a form of existentialism centered on the distinction between the I–Thou relationship and the I–It relationship. Born in Vienna, Buber came from a family of observant Jews, but broke with Jewish custom to pursue secular studies in philosophy. He produced writings about Zionism and worked with various bodies within the Zionist movement extensively over a nearly 50-year period spanning his time in Europe and the Near East. In 1923, Buber wrote his famous essay on existence, Ich und Du (later translated into English as I and Thou), and in 1925 he began translating the Hebrew Bible into the German language.

He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature ten times, and the Nobel Peace Prize seven times.
Daniel Federspiel
Daniel Federspiel (born 21 April 1987) is an Austrian cross-country mountain biker, cyclo-cross and road racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Team Felt–Felbermayr. He specialises in the cross-country eliminator event, in which he was world champion in 2015 and 2016. He was also European champion in the cross-country eliminator in 2013 and 2014. He was given the Austrian Cyclist of the Year award in 2016.

European Mountain Bike Championships
The European Mountain Bike Championships (EMBCs) are an annual mountain bike racing championship in Europe. They have been held since 1989, and on an annual basis since 1991. There have been 28 editions as of 2017.
Muhammad Saeed Navlakhi
Muhammad Saeed Navlakhi (commonly known as Moulana Navlakhi) is a South African Islamic scholar and the Theological Director of the South African National Halaal Authority (SANHA). He is a prominent figure in the global halaal industry, serving as an executive member of the World Halal Council and a key architect of South Africa's national halaal certification standards.

SANHA
South African National Halaal Authority (SANHA) is a registered non-profit organisation established in 1996. The authority aims to facilitate the availability and access to halal products both locally and internationally. SANHA has offices in KwaZulu-Natal, Gauteng, and Western Cape. The organisation has offices in Kwa-Zulu Natal, Gauteng, and Western Cape.
Antonina Niemiryczowa
Antonina Niemiryczowa or Niemierzycowa, née Bożeniec Jełowicka (pseud. A.Z.I.N.L.O: Antonina Z Iełowickich Niemiryczowa Litewska Oboźna, tr. Antonina née Iełowicka Niemiryczowa Lithuanian Camp dweller c.1702 in Ożenin, Ostróg - c.1780 in Lwów), a Polish Enlightenment noblewoman poet and translator. Along with Franciszka Urszula Radziwiłłowa and Elżbieta Drużbacka, she is considered a leading Polish poet of the age.

Franciszka Urszula Radziwiłłowa
Franciszka Urszula Radziwiłł (Lithuanian: Uršulė Pranciška Radvilaitė Višniovecka, Belarusian: Францішка Уршуля Радзівіл; February 13, 1705, Chartorysk – May 23, 1753, Navahrudak), was a Polish writer and playwright, the first female writer on the territory of modern Poland and Belarus. She was a Princess, the last female representative of the Wiśniowiecki noble house and a wife of Michał Kazimierz "Rybeńko" Radziwiłł.
Danes Graves
Danes Graves is an archaeological site in the East Riding of Yorkshire. It forms part of the Arras Culture of inhumation and chariot burial prevalent in the region during the British Iron Age. It is a prehistoric cemetery site situated in Danesdale – a dry river valley with gravel and chalk deposits.  The site is north of Driffield near the village of Kilham.

Chariot burial
Chariot burials are tombs in which the deceased was buried together with their chariot, usually including their horses and other possessions. An instance of a person being buried with their horse (without the chariot) is called horse burial.
Henry J. Kaiser-class replenishment oiler
The Henry J. Kaiser class is an American class of eighteen fleet replenishment oilers which began construction in August 1984. The class comprises fifteen oilers which are operated by Military Sealift Command to provide underway replenishment of fuel to United States Navy combat ships and jet fuel for aircraft aboard aircraft carriers at sea.

Twelve of the Kaisers are not double-hulled like most modern tankers. The class will be replaced by the John Lewis-class replenishment oiler.

One ship, operated by the United States from 1987 to 1996, was sold to Chile in 2009 and commissioned into the Chilean Navy in 2010. Two ships were scrapped in 2011 while still incomplete.

Underway replenishment
Underway replenishment (UNREP) (U.S. Navy) or replenishment at sea (RAS) (North Atlantic Treaty Organization/Commonwealth of Nations) is a method of transferring fuel, munitions, and stores from one ship to another while under way. First developed in the early 20th century, it was used extensively by the United States Navy as a logistics support technique in the Pacific theatre of World War II, permitting U.S. carrier task forces to remain at sea indefinitely.