hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jeffrey Ehrlich
Jeffrey Isaac Ehrlich (born July 10, 1959) is an American lawyer and author, known for handling landmark appeals in the United States Supreme Court and the California Supreme Court. He is co-author of the influential Thomson Reuters treatise on insurance litigation, and editor-in-chief of  Advocate, the most widely circulated trial-bar magazine in the United States. He and his son, Clinton Ehrlich, are also known for exonerating Sgt. Raymond Lee Jennings, an Iraq War veteran who served 11 years of a life sentence for murdering teenager Michelle O'Keefe.

Supreme Court of California
The Supreme Court of California is the highest and final court of appeals in the courts of the U.S. state of California. It is headquartered in San Francisco at the Earl Warren Building, but it regularly holds sessions in Los Angeles and Sacramento. Its decisions are binding on all other California state courts.  Since 1850, the court has issued many influential decisions in a variety of areas including torts, property, civil and constitutional rights, and criminal law.
Russell Mirasty
Russell Mirasty SOM MSM (born 1956 or 1957) was the 23rd lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan from 2019 to 2025. He was appointed by Governor General Julie Payette, on the constitutional advice of the prime minister of Canada, Justin Trudeau, on July 17, 2019. Mirasty was sworn in on July 18, filling the vacancy in the position left when W. Thomas Molloy died in office on July 2.

Mirasty's term as lieutenant governor came to an official end on January 31, 2025, with the installation of his successor, Bernadette McIntyre.

As lieutenant governor, Mirasty was the viceregal representative of Charles III of Canada in Saskatchewan. He was the first Indigenous person appointed to this office.

Meritorious Service Medal (Canada)
The Meritorious Service Medal (French: Médaille du service méritoire) is a decoration that is, within the Canadian system of honours, one of the two Meritorious Service Decorations gifted by the Canadian monarch, through the Governor-in-Council. Created in 1991, the medal is intended to recognize individuals—both Canadian and foreign—who have carried out meritorious acts bringing benefit and honour in either of two categories: military and civilian. Award of the medal grants recipients the use of the post-nominal letters MSM.
Kiyoko Fukuda (socialite)
Kiyoko Fukuda (née Mine; born 13 January 1944) is the wife of Yasuo Fukuda, former Prime Minister of Japan.

She majored in psychology at Keio University.

Fukuda's cousin Seiichi Ōta was Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in her husband's cabinet.

Yasuo Fukuda
Yasuo Fukuda (福田 康夫, Fukuda Yasuo; born 16 July 1936) is a Japanese former politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 2007 to 2008. He was previously the longest-serving Chief Cabinet Secretary in Japanese history, serving in that role from 2000 to 2004 under Prime Ministers Yoshirō Mori and Junichiro Koizumi. His record was surpassed by Yoshihide Suga, who served almost twice as long.

Following the resignation of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, Fukuda was elected as President of the Liberal Democratic Party and became prime minister in September 2007. Fukuda was the first son of a former Japanese Prime Minister (Takeo Fukuda) to also take up the post. On 1 September 2008, Fukuda announced his resignation as party leader, and was succeeded by Tarō Asō. Although Japan hosted the G8 summit meeting without mishap during Fukuda's time in office, he himself earned little or no credit from ordinary Japanese, and when he resigned, he became the first of the G8 leaders to leave office.
Helck (manga)
Helck is a Japanese web manga series written and illustrated by Nanaki Nanao. It was serialized in Shogakukan's Ura Sunday website and MangaONE app from May 2014 to December 2017, with its chapters collected in 12 tankōbon volumes. Shogakukan published 12 new edition volumes that feature color pages from the original series run and new covers from April 2022 to July 2023. The manga has been licensed for English release in North America by Viz Media and by Shogakukan Asia in Southeast Asia. An anime television series adaptation produced by Satelight aired from July to December 2023.

Satelight
Satelight, Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社サテライト, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Sateraito) is a Japanese animation studio. Aside from several stand-alone projects, the studio is well known for producing the Aquarion and Symphogear franchises, as well as later installments of the Macross franchise. The company's Representative Director is Michiaki Satō. The noted anime director and creator Shōji Kawamori is a special adviser at the studio. The name Satelight consists of S for Sapporo, A for Animate, T for Technology, and E for Entertainment.
Controversies at the University of KwaZulu-Natal
There have been a number of controversies at the University of KwaZulu-Natal since its foundation. 
Firstly, there have been several strikes and demonstrations on the part of both staff and students. Some strikes from 2009 onward have involved police intervention and the use of riot control measures, as well as violence on the part of some strikers. 
Secondly, there have been a series of legal and disciplinary actions taken by senior university management against academics for speaking in public about the university. These actions have drawn wide criticism, both from academics and from organizations such as Cosatu and UNESCO.

University of KwaZulu-Natal
The University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN; Zulu: INyuvesi yakwaZulu-Natali, Afrikaans: Universiteit van KwaZulu-Natal) is a public research university with five campuses in the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. It was formed on 1 January 2004 after the merger between the University of Natal and the University of Durban-Westville.
Vault (version control system)
Vault is a commercial, proprietary version control system by SourceGear LLC which markets its product as a replacement for Microsoft's Visual Source Safe. Vault uses Microsoft SQL Server as a back end database and provides atomic commits to the version control system. The tool is built on top of Microsoft .NET.

Fortress, originally an application lifecycle management (ALM) product marketed separately for use with Vault, was later merged into Vault releases. Third-party products have been designed to be integrated with Vault such as OnTime, FogBugz, TeamCity, and SmartBear CodeCollaborator.

Version control
Version control (also known as revision control, source control, and source code management) is the software engineering practice of controlling, organizing, and tracking different versions in history of computer files – primarily source code text files, but generally any type of file.

Version control is a component of software configuration management.

A version control system is a software tool that automates version control. Alternatively, version control is embedded as a feature of some systems such as word processors, spreadsheets, collaborative web docs, and content management systems, such as Wikipedia's page history.

Version control includes options to view old versions and to revert a file to a previous version.
Cumerio
On 17 December 2008, Cumerio and Norddeutsche Affinerie AG (NA) became Aurubis - Europe's biggest copper producer.

Cumerio was a copper refining company formed in 2005 by the division of the copper activity of Umicore. The Cumerio shares were first listed on Euronext Brussels on 29 April 2005, and delisted from Euronext Brussels on 17 December 2008 as a result of the squeeze-out after merging with Norddeutsche Affinerie AG.

Cumerio was active in smelting, refining and recycling of copper. The headquarters was located in Brussels. The production plants were located at:

Pirdop (Bulgaria): refinery (smelter) for the production of copper anodes;

Olen (Belgium): refinery (electrolysis) of high purity copper anodes / cathodes, and production of  rolling thread;

Avellino (Italy): production of wires and wire rods;

Yverdon-les-Bains (Switzerland), Swiss Advanced Materials SA (SAM): production of complex profiles.

Umicore
Umicore N.V., known as Union Minière before 2001, is a Belgian-French multinational materials technology company headquartered in Brussels, Belgium.

It was formed in 1989 by the merger of four companies in the mining and smelting industries, including the Union Minière known before 1968 as Union Minière du Haut Katanga. It has since reshaped itself into a more technology-focused business encompassing such areas as the refining and recycling of precious metals and the manufacture of specialised products from precious metals, cobalt, germanium, zinc, and other metals. The company has been a component of Belgium's benchmark BEL20 stock market index since its 1991 inception.
Shibatai railway station
Shibatai railway station (Chinese: 十八台站) is a railway station on the Beijing–Baotou railway (also known as the Jingbao Railway), located in Zhuozi County, Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia, China. The station is operated by the China Railway Hohhot Group and has the code 7050104.

The Beijing-Baotou railway is an 833 km line linking Beijing and Baotou, used for both freight and passenger services in northern China, jointly managed by the Beijing and Hohhot railway groups.

Beijing–Baotou railway
The Beijing–Baotou railway or Jingbao railway (simplified Chinese: 京包铁路; traditional Chinese: 京包鐵路; pinyin: Jīngbāo Tiělù) is an 833 km (518 mi) railway from Beijing to Baotou, Inner Mongolia, functioning as an important route in North China. It was the first railway in China designed and built by Chinese. It passes through a famous section of the Great Wall at Badaling. It is now largely paralleled with Beijing–Zhangjiakou intercity railway and Zhangjiakou–Hohhot high-speed railway.

In 2019, with the opening of the Beijing–Zhangjiakou intercity railway, the Beijing–Baotou railway adjusted the mileage. The ordinary-speed line from Changping to Shahe was merged into the Shuangqiao–Shahe Railway (Beijing Northeast Ring railway). The actual starting point of the Beijing–Baotou railway was shortened to the south side of Changping, the section from Changping to Beijing North is considered part of Beijing–Zhangjiakou intercity railway.
J. B. Chapman
James Blaine "J. B." Chapman (1884–1947) was an American minister, academic administrator, and newspaper editor. He served as the president of Arkansas Holiness and Peniel College, editor of the Herald of Holiness, and general superintendent in the Church of the Nazarene.

General Superintendent (Church of the Nazarene)
General Superintendent is the highest elected office within the Church of the Nazarene. General superintendents are elected by the General Assembly of the denomination for a four-year term to expire at the end of the next General Assembly.
Tharandt station
Tharandt station is a station on the Dresden–Werdau railway in the town of Tharandt in the German state of Saxony. Until the electrification of the line in 1966, Tharandt was an important stopover for the attachment of bank engines for operations on the Steil ramp up to Klingenberg-Colmnitz. Today, the station has only significance for the regional traffic. It is the terminus for most, but not all trains of Dresden S-Bahn's line S3.

Bank engine
A bank engine (United Kingdom/Australia) (colloquially a banker), banking engine, helper engine or pusher engine (North America) is a railway locomotive that temporarily assists a train that requires additional power or traction to climb a gradient (or bank). Helpers/bankers are most commonly found in mountain divisions (called "helper districts" in the United States), where the ruling grade may demand the use of substantially greater motive power than that required for other grades within the division.
Babonen
The Babonen family were influential nobles from Bavaria in the Early and High Middle Ages. They are also known as Babones, Papones, Pabones, Puapones, Poppones, Papones, etc. and should not be confused with their possible ancestors the Popponids (both called after the same leading name variously spelled as Babo, Poppo, Papo, Pabo, Puapo, etc.).

The Babonids, after its progenitor Count Babo of Regensburg, administered possessions in the Bavarian Donaugau and Nordgau until the end of the 12th century. Today, these Gaue constitute roughly the areas of Lower Bavaria and Upper Palatinate.

Margraviate of the Nordgau
The Margraviate of the Nordgau (Modern German: Markgrafschaft Nordgau, Middle High German: Marcgraveschaft Nortgou) or Bavarian Nordgau (Bayerischer Nordgau) was a medieval administrative unit (Gau) on the frontier of the German Duchy of Bavaria. It comprised the region north of the Danube and Regensburg (Ratisbon), roughly covered by the modern Upper Palatinate stretching up to the river Main and, especially after 1061, into the Egerland on the border with Bohemia.
Douglas Leckie
Douglas Walter Leckie, OBE, AFC (30 June 1920 – 21 November 2007) was an officer in the Royal Australian Air Force who served as Commanding Officer Antarctic Flight RAAF, which assisted the Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition (ANARE) in 1954, 1956 and 1959.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Lionel Kopelowitz
Jacob Lionel Garstein Kopelowitz JP MBE (9 December 1926 – 27 July 2019) was a British Jewish community leader and former President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews.

Kopelowitz was born in Newcastle upon Tyne but grew up in nearby Durham. He was educated at Clifton College before studying at the Trinity College at the University of Cambridge while training as a doctor at University College Hospital. He served in the Royal Air Force (1952–1953) before becoming a GP.

He was President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews and President of the National Council for Soviet Jewry from 1985–1991, while also pursuing an individual career as a GP and a key member of the British Medical Association.

He died on 27 July 2019 in London.

Board of Deputies of British Jews
The Board of Deputies of British Jews, commonly referred to as the Board of Deputies, is the largest and second oldest Jewish communal organisation in the United Kingdom, after the Initiation Society which was founded in 1745. Established in 1760 by a group of Sephardic Jews, the board presents itself as a forum for the views of most organisations within the British Jewish community, liaising with the British government on that basis. Notably, while Lord Rothschild was President of the Board of Deputies, the Balfour Declaration was addressed to him and eventually led to the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine. It is affiliated to the World Jewish Congress and the European Jewish Congress. The current president is Phil Rosenberg.
Stratoscale
Stratoscale was a software company offering software-defined data center technology, with hyper-converged infrastructure and cloud computing capabilities. Stratoscale combined compute, storage, and networking hardware with no additional third party software. Stratoscale has shut down with no details for the future of its products.

Hyper-converged infrastructure
Hyper-converged infrastructure (HCI) is a  software-defined IT infrastructure that virtualizes all elements of the conventional "hardware-defined" systems.  HCI includes, at a minimum,  virtualized computing (a hypervisor), software-defined storage, and virtualized networking (software-defined networking). HCI typically runs on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) servers.

The primary difference between converged infrastructure and hyperconverged infrastructure is that in HCI both the storage area network and the underlying storage abstractions are implemented virtually in software (at or via the hypervisor) rather than physically in hardware.  Because software-defined elements are implemented in the context of the hypervisor, management of all resources can be  federated (shared) across all instances of a hyper-converged infrastructure.
Alex Wilkinson
Alexander William Wilkinson (born 13 August 1984) is a retired Australian professional soccer player who is currently the Head of Football Operations at Sydney FC.

Wilkinson was born and raised in Sydney and made his senior debut for Northern Spirit in 2002. After moving to Ryde City Gunners and Manly United in 2004, Wilkinson joined A-League club Central Coast Mariners, where he eventually became club captain and made over 170 appearances. After spending time in China on loan to Jiangsu Sainty, Wilkinson played for Korean club Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors for 4 seasons (2012–2015), before returning to Australia to play for Melbourne City FC. After a brief stint at the club, Wilkinson moved to Sydney FC where he enjoyed the most success, and captained the side for four years until his retirement at the conclusion of the 2022–23 A-League Men season.

Wilkinson made eleven appearances for the Australian national team, including three at the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

North West Sydney Spirit FC
North West Sydney Spirit FC is an Australian soccer club based in  Macquarie Park, Sydney, New South Wales. It was the successor of the defunct Northern Spirit FC, a professional soccer club based in North Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales. Northern Spirit entered the National Soccer League in the 1998–99 season. Its founding was inspired in part by the success Perth Glory was enjoying as a mainstream club (as opposed to the league's mainstay European migrant founded clubs), as well as an opportunity to tap into the previously unrepresented northern suburbs of Sydney. The club currently competes in the National Premier Leagues NSW.
Sunyani
Sunyani (/sʌˈŋjəˈeɪ/ ⓘ) is a city and the capital of the Sunyani Municipal District and the Bono Region of Ghana. The city is located about 105 miles (169 km) northwest of Kumasi and 300 miles (480 km) away from Accra. It is the sixth-largest city in the country as of the 2010 census, with a population of 75,366 people. Ethnic groups such as the Akan, Northerner, Ewe, and Ga-Adangbe resided in the city along with others. As of 2024, the mayor of the municipality was Hon. Ansu Kumi.

Sunyani's economy is largely agrarian, with the city being known for its ever-growing cocoa bean production. The city is home to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sunyani which is under Bishop Matthew Kwasi Gyamfi. Sunyani is also home to many educational institutions, such as the Sunyani Technical University and the University of Energy and Natural Resources.

Sunyani Technical University
The Sunyani Technical University (STU) (formally known as Sunyani Polytechnic) is a public tertiary institution in the Bono Region of Ghana. It is located northeast of Asufufu.

STU was established as a Technical Institute in 1967 (1967), as a non-tertiary institution, under the Ghana Education Service. It was subsequently upgraded to a Polytechnic in 1997 (1997) by the Government of Ghana, to run Higher National Diploma (HND) programmes. The Polytechnics Act, 2007  mandated the Polytechnics in Ghana to run and award Higher National Diploma (HND) Certificates, Diplomas and other higher degrees, subject to the approval of the Polytechnic Councils.
(65407) 2002 RP120
(65407) 2002 RP120 (provisional designation 2002 RP120) is a trans-Neptunian object and damocloid from the outer Solar System. Its orbit is retrograde and comet-like, and has a high eccentricity. It was discovered on 4 September 2002 by astronomers with the LONEOS survey at Anderson Mesa Station, Arizona, in the United States. The unusual object measures approximately 14.6 kilometers (9.1 miles) in diameter and is likely elongated in shape. It is a slow rotator and potentially a tumbler as well. The object was probably ejected from the ecliptic by Neptune.

Anderson Mesa Station
Anderson Mesa Station is an astronomical observatory established in 1959 as a dark-sky observing site for Lowell Observatory. It is located at Anderson Mesa in Coconino County, Arizona, about 12 miles (19 km) southeast of Lowell's main campus on Mars Hill in Flagstaff, Arizona.
Orazio Spínola
Orazio Spínola (1547–1616) was a Roman Catholic cardinal and member of the Pamphili family. The Cardinal designed to episcopally crown the venerated image of Madonna delle Vigne, promising its people to crown it every year on its centennial anniversary.

The image was not crowned in 1916 due to the First World War, but Pope Benedict XV felt national piety for his birthplace and issued a decree of coronation towards the image on 1 November 1920 via his Papal legate, the Archbishop of Genoa Cardinal Tommaso Pio Boggiani.

Pamphili family
The House of Pamphili (often with the final long i orthography, Pamphilj) was one of the papal families deeply entrenched in Catholic Church, Roman and Italian politics of the 16th and 17th centuries.

Later, the Pamphili family line merged with the Doria and Landi family lines to form the Doria-Pamphili-Landi family line.
BLAST (biotechnology)
In bioinformatics, BLAST (basic local alignment search tool) is an algorithm and program for comparing primary biological sequence information, such as the amino-acid sequences of proteins , nucleotides of DNA and/or RNA sequences. A BLAST search enables a researcher to compare a subject protein or nucleotide sequence (called a query) with a library or database of sequences, and identify database sequences that resemble the query sequence above a certain threshold. For example, following the discovery of a previously unknown gene in the mouse, a scientist will typically perform a BLAST search of the human genome to see if humans carry a similar gene; BLAST will identify sequences in the human genome that resemble the mouse gene based on similarity of sequence.

Protein primary structure
Protein primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein. By convention, the primary structure of a protein is reported starting from the amino-terminal (N) end to the carboxyl-terminal (C) end. Protein biosynthesis is most commonly performed by ribosomes in cells. Peptides can also be synthesized in the laboratory. Protein primary structures can be directly sequenced, or inferred from DNA sequences.
Elis Lundholm
Elis Lundholm (born 10 July 2002) is a Swedish mogul skier. He debuted in the 2024 World Cup, where he placed 18th. He has won four Swedish championship medals and is set to compete for his country in the 2026 Winter Olympics. Lundholm is a transgender man and the first openly trans athlete to compete in a Winter Olympics; as of 2026 he competes in the women's category.

Mogul skiing
Mogul skiing, commonly shortened to moguls, is a freestyle skiing competition consisting of one timed run of free skiing on a steep, bumpy course, stressing technical turns, aerial maneuvers and speed. Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships, and at the Winter Olympic Games.

Moguls are a series of bumps on a piste formed when skiers push snow into mounds as they do sharp turns. This tends to happen naturally as skiers use the slope but they can also be constructed artificially. Once formed, a naturally occurring mogul tends to grow as skiers follow similar paths around it, further deepening the surrounding grooves known as troughs. Since skiing tends to be a series of linked turns, moguls form together to create a bump field.

The term mogul is from the Bavarian/Austrian German word Mugel, meaning 'mound, hillock'.