hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saint Barbara Church in Coptic Cairo
The Coptic Orthodox Church of St. Barbara (Coptic: ϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲁⲅⲓⲁ ⲃⲁⲣⲃⲁⲣⲁ or Sitt Barbara) (Arabic: كنيسة بربارة, romanized: Kanīsat Barbāra) is one of the many famous Coptic Orthodox parishes that can be found in the district of Coptic Cairo. The building is located on the eastern part of the Babylon Fortress and is one of the oldest buildings in Cairo, dating back to the 5th or 6th century AD. However, like many other buildings of Coptic architecture, it was rebuilt several times, most notably by the end of the 11th century.

Babylon Fortress
30°0′22″N 31°13′47″E﻿ / ﻿30.00611°N 31.22972°E﻿ / 30.00611; 31.22972

Babylon Fortress (Arabic: حصن بابليون; Coptic: ⲡⲁⲃⲓⲗⲱⲛ or Ⲃⲁⲃⲩⲗⲱⲛ) is an ancient Roman fortress on the eastern bank of the Nile Delta, located in the area known today as Old Cairo or Coptic Cairo. The fortress was built circa 300 AD by Emperor Diocletian in order to protect the entrance to an ancient canal, previously rebuilt by Trajan, that linked the Nile with the Red Sea.

It was at the boundary between Lower and Middle Egypt, where the river craft paid tolls when ascending or descending the Nile. Within the fortress's former enclosure are the present-day Coptic Museum, a convent, and several churches, including the Church of St. George and the Hanging Church.
Sahi (software)
Sahi Pro is a test automation software for desktop applications, mobile applications and web applications. Sahi was conceived as an open source product in 2005 with specific focus on test automation management tools for web 2.0 technologies but as a test automation tool geared towards testers. Sahi Pro is shipped proprietary license software . The open-source version includes a basic tools set sufficient for most testing purposes (Record on all browsers, Playback on all browsers, HTML playback reports, JUnit Style playback reports, Suites and batch run, Parallel playback of tests), whereas the Pro version includes further features such as test distribution and report customization.

Sahi Open-source is written in Java and JavaScript and hosted on SourceForge since October 2005. It is released under an Apache License 2.0 open-source license.  Sahi Pro is currently in version 9.0.0 and is hosted on the Sahi Pro Website.

Test automation management tools
Test automation management tools are specific tools that provide a collaborative environment that is intended to make test automation efficient, traceable and clear for stakeholders. Test automation is becoming a cross-discipline (i.e. a mix of both testing and development practices.)
Polymerase
In biochemistry, a polymerase is an enzyme (EC 2.7.7.6/7/19/48/49) that synthesizes long chains of polymers or nucleic acids. DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase are used to assemble DNA and RNA molecules, respectively, by copying a DNA template strand using base-pairing interactions or half ladder replication.

A DNA polymerase from the thermophilic bacterium, Thermus aquaticus (Taq) (PDB 1BGX, EC 2.7.7.7), is used in the polymerase chain reaction, an important technique of molecular biology.

A polymerase may be template-dependent or template-independent. Poly-A-polymerase is an example of template independent polymerase. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase is also known to have template independent and template dependent activities.

Polynucleotide adenylyltransferase
In enzymology, a polynucleotide adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + RNA-3'OH  pyrophosphate + RNApA-3'OH

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and RNA, whereas its two products are pyrophosphate and RNA with an extra adenosine nucleotide at its 3' end.

Human genes with this activity include TUT1, MTPAP, PAPOLA, PAPOLB, PAPOLG, TENT2, TENT4A, TENT4B, TENT5C, TENT5D.
Santa Ana–Orange Line
The Santa Ana–Orange Line is a former Pacific Electric interurban railway line in Orange County, California. Unlike most of the company's services, trains did not travel to Downtown Los Angeles and instead provided a suburban service between Santa Ana and Orange.

Pacific Electric
The Pacific Electric Railway Company, nicknamed the Red Cars, was a privately owned mass transit system in Southern California consisting of electrically powered streetcars, interurban cars, and buses and was the largest electric railway system in the world in the 1920s. Organized around the city centers of Los Angeles and San Bernardino, it connected cities in Los Angeles County, Orange County, San Bernardino County and Riverside County.

The system shared dual gauge track with the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) narrow-gauge Los Angeles Railway, "Yellow Car," or "LARy" system on Main Street in downtown Los Angeles (directly in front of the 6th and Main terminal), on 4th Street, and along Hawthorne Boulevard south of downtown Los Angeles toward the cities of Hawthorne, Gardena, and Torrance.
Trichosanthes
Trichosanthes is a genus of tropical and subtropical vines. They belong to the cucumber family (Cucurbitaceae), and are closely related to Gymnopetalum. Hodgsonia, formerly included here, is usually considered a well-distinct genus nowadays.

The shoots, tendrils, and leaves of some or possibly all species may be eaten as greens, and at least two species (serpent gourd, T. cucumerina, and pointed gourd, T. dioica) are grown commercially for their fleshy fruits used as vegetables, most popular in South Asia and Southeast Asia. At least two species (T. kirilowii and T. rosthornii) are grown for use in traditional Chinese medicine, where they are called the name gualou (Chinese: 瓜蒌; pinyin: guālóu). Trichosanthes is also known as a medicinal as well as poisonous plant in India. The herb has shown an ability to reduce chest congestion by breaking down phlegm and aiding in its removal from the lungs.

Trichosanthes dioica
Trichosanthes dioica, also known as pointed gourd, is a tropical perennial cucurbit plant with its origin in the Indian subcontinent. The plant propagated vegetatively and grows with training on a support system (e.g., trellis) as pencil-thick vines (creepers) with dark-green cordate (heart-shaped) simple leaves. It is a well-developed dioecious plants having distinct male and female flowers on staminate and pistillate plants, respectively. The fruits are green with white or no stripes' and have unpalatable seeds. Size can vary from small and round to thick and long – 5–15 centimetres (2–6 inches). It thrives well under a hot to moderately warm and humid climate. The plant remains dormant during the winter season and prefers fertile, well-drained sandy loam soil due to its susceptibility to water-logging.
Virtual breakdown mechanism
The Virtual breakdown mechanism is a concept in the field of electrochemistry. In electrochemical reactions, when the cathode and the anode are close enough to each other (i.e., so-called "nanogap electrochemical cells"), the double layer of the regions from the two electrodes is overlapped, forming a large electric field uniformly distributed inside the entire electrode gap. Such high electric fields can significantly enhance the ion migration inside bulk solutions and thus increase the entire reaction rate, akin to the "breakdown" of the reactant(s). However, it is fundamentally different from the traditional "breakdown".

The Virtual breakdown mechanism was discovered in 2017 when researchers studied pure water electrolysis based on deep-sub-Debye-length nanogap electrochemical cells. Furthermore, researchers found the relation of the gap distance between cathodes and anodes to the performance of electrochemical reactions.

Electromigration
Electromigration is the transport of material caused by the gradual movement of the ions in a conductor due to the momentum transfer between conducting electrons and diffusing metal atoms.  The effect is important in applications where high direct current densities are used, such as in microelectronics and related structures. As the structure size in electronics such as integrated circuits (ICs) decreases, the practical significance of this effect increases.
Paedocypris
Paedocypris is a genus of tiny cyprinid fish found in swamps and streams on the Southeast Asian islands of Borneo, Sumatra and Bintan.

Paedocypris progenetica has been claimed to be the one of smallest known species of fish in the world. The smallest mature female measured 7.9 mm (0.31 in) and the largest known individual was 10.3 mm (0.41 in).

Paedocypris progenetica
Paedocypris progenetica (also known as Indonesian Superdwarf Fish) is a tiny, significantly transparent fish. The binomial name originates from the Greek Paideios, meaning children, and Cypris, meaning Venus, a common suffix for the cyprinid genera. The species is native to Indonesia and Malaysia and found in peat swamps and slow flowing blackwater streams. It was first discovered by Singaporean ichthyologist Heok Hui Tan in 2006.

It is one of the smallest known fish in the world, with a mature adult reaching a length of 6.69 mm. It held the record for the shortest known vertebrate until the frog Paedophryne amauensis was formally described in January 2012.
A Wanted Man
A Wanted Man is the seventeenth book in the Jack Reacher series written by Lee Child. It was published on 30 August 2012 in the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand and on 11 September 2012 in the USA and Canada. A Wanted Man won the "Crime Book of the Year" award by the National Book Awards.

The book returns to the present timeline, continuing where Worth Dying For left off, whereas the preceding novel, The Affair, told some episode of the main character's past. The novel, like a majority of the Jack Reacher novels, is told from the third-person point of view.

Worth Dying For (novel)
Worth Dying For is the fifteenth book in the Jack Reacher series of thrillers written by Lee Child. It was published on 30 September 2010 in the United Kingdom and was published on 19 October 2010 in the USA. It is written in the third person.
Monarchism in France
Monarchism in France is the advocacy of restoring the monarchy (mostly constitutional monarchy) in France, which was abolished after the 1870 defeat by Prussia, arguably before that in 1848 with the establishment of the French Second Republic.
The French monarchist movements are roughly divided today into three groups:

The Legitimists for the royal House of Bourbon,

the Orléanists for the cadet branch of the House of Orléans, and

the Bonapartists for the imperial House of Bonaparte

Bonapartism
Bonapartism (French: Bonapartisme [bɔnapaʁtism]) is the political ideology supervening from Napoleon Bonaparte and his followers and successors. The term, originated by Karl Marx, is used in the narrow sense to refer to people who hoped to restore the House of Bonaparte and its style of government. In this sense, a Bonapartiste was a person who either actively participated in or advocated for imperial political factions in 19th-century France. Although Bonapartism emerged in 1814 with the first fall of Napoleon, it only developed doctrinal clarity and cohesion by the 1840s.

The term developed a broad definition used to mean political movements that advocate for an authoritarian centralised state, with a military strongman and charismatic leader with relatively traditionalist ideology.
WBSX
WBSX (97.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to the city of Hazleton, Pennsylvania, broadcasting to the Scranton/Wilkes Barre/Hazleton radio market.  WBSX airs an active rock music format branded as "97-9 X" (pronounced as "Ninety-Seven Nine X").

Hazleton, Pennsylvania
Hazleton is a city in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 29,963 at the 2020 census. Hazleton is the second-most populous city in Luzerne County. It was incorporated as a borough on January 5, 1857, and as a city on December 4, 1891.

Hazleton is located in Northeastern Pennsylvania, 35 miles (56 km) northwest of Allentown, 82 miles (132 km) north-northwest of Philadelphia and 106 miles (171 km) west of New York City.
Banshi Singh
Banshi Singh  (known as Banshi Singh Pahadiya) is an Indian politician and a member of the 16th Legislative Assembly of India. He represents the Khurja constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Indian National Congress political party.

16th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (a.k.a. Sixteenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 15 March 2012 as a result of 2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election held between 8 Feb to 3 March 2012. The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly has total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member) against a total strength of 404 members.
Erwin N. Hiebert
Erwin Nick Hiebert (May 27, 1919 – November 28, 2012) was a Canadian-American physical chemist and historian of science. He taught numerous students who would go on to become leading figures in the history of science, particularly women such as Carolyn Merchant and Mary Jo Nye, during academic tenures at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and Harvard University. He contributed to the Manhattan Project as a research chemist before becoming a historian.

He published four books: on atomic energy; on the history of the principle of conservation of energy; on thermodynamics in the thought of Ernst Mach and Max Planck; and on the legacy of Hermann von Helmholtz in acoustics. He was the president of the History of Science Society for a two-year term from 1973 to 1974 and was president of the Division of the History of Science of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science from 1982 to 1985.

Ernst Mach
Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach (/mɑːx/ MAHK; Austrian German: [ˈɛrnst ˈmax] ⓘ; 18 February 1838 – 19 February 1916) was an Austrian-Czech physicist and philosopher who contributed to the understanding of the physics of shock waves. The ratio of the speed of a flow or object to that of sound is named the Mach number in his honor. As a philosopher of science, he was a major influence on logical positivism and American pragmatism. Through his criticism of Isaac Newton's theories of space and time, he foreshadowed Albert Einstein's theory of relativity.
Apache ORC
Apache ORC (Optimized Row Columnar) is a free and open-source column-oriented data storage format. It is similar to the other columnar-storage file formats available in the Hadoop ecosystem such as RCFile and Parquet. It is used by most of the data processing frameworks Apache Spark, Apache Hive, Apache Flink, and Apache Hadoop.

In  February 2013, the Optimized Row Columnar (ORC) file format was announced by Hortonworks in collaboration with Facebook.
A calendar month later, the Apache Parquet format was announced, developed by Cloudera and Twitter.

Apache ORC format is widely supported including Amazon Web Services' Glue,Google Cloud Platform's BigQuery, and Pandas (software).

Apache Hadoop
Apache Hadoop (/həˈduːp/) is a collection of open-source software utilities for reliable, scalable, distributed computing. It provides a software framework for distributed storage and processing of big data using the MapReduce programming model. Hadoop was originally designed for computer clusters built from commodity hardware, which is still the common use. It has since also found use on clusters of higher-end hardware. All the modules in Hadoop are designed with a fundamental assumption that hardware failures are common occurrences and should be automatically handled by the framework.
K-149 (Kansas highway)
K-149 is a 6.098-mile-long (9.814 km) north–south state highway in the U.S. state of Kansas. Entirely within rural Morris County, K-149's southern terminus is at U.S. Route 56 (US-56) east of Herington and the northern terminus is at K-4 south of White City. The highway passes through grasslands characteristic of the Great Plains and is a two-lane road for its entire length.

K-149 was first designated as a state highway by the State Highway Commission of Kansas, now known as the Kansas Department of Transportation, on February 13, 1957. The highway's alignment has not changed since it was created.

U.S. Route 56
U.S. Route 56 (US 56) is an east–west United States highway that runs for approximately 640 miles (1,030 km) in the Midwestern United States. US 56's western terminus is at Interstate 25 Business (I-25 Bus.), US 412 and New Mexico State Road 21 (NM 21) in Springer, New Mexico and the highway's eastern terminus is at US 71 in Kansas City, Missouri. Much of it follows the Santa Fe Trail.
John II, Count of Nassau-Siegen
Count John II with the Helmet of Nassau-Siegen (d. early May 1443), German: Johann II. mit der Haube Graf von Nassau-Siegen, succeeded, with his brothers, his father in 1416 as Count of Nassau-Siegen (a part of the County of Nassau). With his brothers, he inherited the County of Vianden in 1417, and also inherited half of the County of Diez in 1420. He descended from the Ottonian Line of the House of Nassau.

Nassau-Siegen
Nassau-Siegen was a principality within the Holy Roman Empire that existed between 1303 and 1328, and again from 1606 to 1743.  From 1626 to 1734, it was subdivided into  Catholic and  Protestant parts.   Its capital was the city of Siegen, founded in 1224 and initially a condominium jointly owned by the archbishopric of Cologne and Nassau. It was located some 50 km east of Cologne, and it contained the modern localities of Freudenberg, Hilchenbach, Kreuztal, Siegen, and Wilnsdorf.
Milton Reckord
Milton Atchison Reckord (December 28, 1879 – September 8, 1975) was an officer in the Maryland Army National Guard and United States Army. The longtime Adjutant General of Maryland, he was a veteran of the Pancho Villa Expedition, World War I, and World War II. Reckord attained the rank of major general, and was a recipient of the Army Distinguished Service Medal (four awards) and the Bronze Star Medal. In addition, Reckord received the French Legion of Honor, the French Croix de Guerre with palm for his World War I service, the French Croix de Guerre with palm for his World War II service, the French Legion of Honor (Officer), and the British Order of the Bath (honorary Knight Commander). In 1961, Governor J. Millard Tawes conferred on Reckord a state promotion to lieutenant general, and continued serving as adjutant general until retiring in 1966.

Adjutant General of Maryland
The Adjutant General of Maryland is the head military official of the Maryland National Guard, the Maryland Defense Force, and any other military or paramilitary units that may be maintained by the State of Maryland. The adjutant general is responsible for the military department's budget and maintains all State-owned armories in Maryland.
Penhurst
Penhurst is a village and civil parish in the Rother district of East Sussex, England. It is located on the Weald, 4 miles (7km) west of Battle. The parish borders Ashburnham, Battle, Brightling and Catsfield, and shares a parish council with Ashburnham.

The parish has few residents, according to the 2001 census Penhurst has just 52 inhabitants, but contains many listed buildings.

Rother District
Rother is a local government district in East Sussex, England. Its council is based in Bexhill-on-Sea. The district is named after the River Rother which flows within its boundaries.

The neighbouring districts are Wealden, Tunbridge Wells, Ashford, Folkestone and Hythe, and Hastings. Aside from its coast, Hastings is surrounded by Rother.
Green Islands (Canada)
The Green Islands are undeveloped islands in the Grand Manan Parish of Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada in the Bay of Fundy. They lie between of  Wood Island and White Horse Island.

They appear to be named for William Green, who was placed in charge of nearby Wood Island by William Ross and whose descendents laid strong claim to its future.

The two major islands are "North Green Island" and "South Green Island", and form a Class 2 Protected Natural Area. just above the larger Kent Island grouping of protected areas. They are Class II Protected Natural Areas, administered by the Nature Trust of New Brunswick. In 1971, Katharine Scherman wrote about the colony of gray seals on Western Green Island.

Wood Island (New Brunswick)
Wood Island (also called Inner Wood Island) is an island located in the Grand Manan archipelago, in the Bay of Fundy of New Brunswick, Canada. It is distinct from its eastern neighbour Little Wood, or Outer Wood Island. Once home to hundreds of fishing families, it has been abandoned since the 1950s.

At its heyday in the 1950s, it housed a one-room schoolhouse, and a post office since at least 1926. The schoolhouse still stands, converted with solar panels and propane to a private summer cottage. The Reformed Baptist church was the only building with electricity, boasting its own generator.
2025 Clarington 200
The 2025 Clarington 200 was the first stock car race of the 2025 NASCAR Canada Series. The race was held on Sunday, May 18, 2025, at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park, a 2.459 mi (3.957 km) road course in Clarington, Ontario, Canada. The race took the scheduled 51 laps to complete. The race was won by Marc-Antoine Camirand, driving for Paillé Course//Racing, after he made a last lap move on Gary Klutt. Klutt, driving for Legendary Motorcar Company, would hang on to finish second, and Malcolm Strachan, driving for Jim Bray Autosport, would round out the podium in third.

Clarington
Clarington (2021 population 101,427) is a lower-tier municipality in the Regional Municipality of Durham in Ontario, Canada. It was incorporated in 1973 as the town of "Newcastle" with the merging of the town of Bowmanville, the Village of Newcastle, and the townships of Clarke and Darlington, and was established on January 1, 1974. In 1993, the town was renamed "Clarington", a blending of the names of the two former townships. Darlington today is largely suburban, while Clarke remains largely rural. Bowmanville is the largest community in the municipality and is the home of the municipal offices.

Clarington is part of the Oshawa census metropolitan area in the eastern end of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Major employers in Clarington include the Darlington Nuclear Generating Station, General Motors Canada, and several medium to large-sized manufacturing businesses. Most residents commute for work in Durham Region or Toronto.
Bale handlers
A bale handler is a generic term describing a piece of farm implement used to transport hay or straw bales. They are often removable attachments for tractors, skidsteers, telehandlers, loaders, and even pickup trucks with special beds. They come in many different styles and formats. They can pinch, spear, hook and fork the bales, one or several at a time. The type of bale handling attachment will be built to handle the particular size and type of bale.

Bale spears can often move both round and square large bales. Bale squeezes are used with bales that are wrapped for silage, large piles of large and small square bales, as well as a special squeeze that can be used to unroll large round bales for winter feeding. Bale handlers with hooks are used to move large and small bales.

When connected to a tractor via the three-point linkage or front-loader.

Tractor
A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery such as that used in agriculture, mining or construction.  Most commonly, the term is used to describe a farm vehicle that provides the power and traction to mechanize agricultural tasks, especially (and originally) tillage, and now many more. Agricultural implements may be towed behind or mounted on the tractor, and the tractor may also provide a source of power if the implement is mechanised.