hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dhiraj Seth
Lieutenant General Dhiraj Seth, PVSM, UYSM, AVSM is a serving general officer of the Indian Army. He currently serves as General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Command. He was previously tenanting the appointment of General Officer Commanding-in-Chief South Western Command. He earlier held the appointment of General Officer commanding Delhi Area, prior to that he was General Officer Commanding XXI Corps. He is also the Colonel of the Regiment of the Armoured Corps.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Marc Reagan
Marcum "Marc" Reagan (born c. 1967) is a Station Training Lead in Mission Operations at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas.  He leads a team of instructors who together are responsible for developing and executing complex simulations for International Space Station (ISS) assembly and operations.  Reagan also serves as an ISS "Capcom" from Mission Control, communicating with ISS astronauts in orbit.  In May 2002, Reagan served as an aquanaut on the NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations 2 (NEEMO 2) crew.  He subsequently served as Mission Director for multiple NEEMO missions.

Flight controller
Flight controllers are personnel who aid space flight by working in mission control centers such as NASA's Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center or ESA's European Space Operations Centre. Flight controllers work at computer consoles and use telemetry to monitor various technical aspects of a space mission in real-time. Each controller is an expert in a specific area and constantly communicates with additional experts in the "back room". The flight director, who leads the flight controllers, monitors the activities of a team of flight controllers, and has overall responsibility for success and safety.
Follow focus
A follow focus is a focus control mechanism used in filmmaking with film cameras and in television production with professional video cameras. It helps the camera operator be more efficient and precise. It is usually operated by a focus puller (often called the 1st assistant camera, or 1st AC), but some camera operators prefer to pull their own focus (the act of changing focus is called "pulling" or racking focus).

Focus puller
A focus puller or first assistant camera (1st AC) is a member of a film crew's camera department whose primary responsibility is to maintain the camera lens's optical focus on whatever subject or action is being filmed.

"Pulling focus" refers to the act of changing the camera lens's focus distance to a moving subject's distance from the focal plane, or the changing distance between a stationary object and a moving camera. For example, if an actor moves from 8 metres (26 ft) to 3 metres (9.8 ft) away from the focal plane, the focus puller changes the lens's distance setting in precise relation to the actor's changing position. The focus puller may also shift focus from one subject to another as the shot requires, a process called "rack focusing".
2018 Minnesota House of Representatives election
The 2018 Minnesota House of Representatives election was held in the U.S. state of Minnesota on November 6, 2018, to elect members to the House of Representatives of the 91st Minnesota Legislature. A primary election was held in several districts on August 14, 2018. The election coincided with the 2018 Minnesota gubernatorial election for governor, a special election for the Minnesota Senate, and other elections.

The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) won a majority of seats, ending the Republican majority that began with the 2014 Minnesota House of Representatives election. The new legislature convened on January 8, 2019.

2014 Minnesota House of Representatives election
The 2014 Minnesota House of Representatives election was held in the U.S. state of Minnesota on November 4, 2014, to elect members to the House of Representatives of the 89th Minnesota Legislature. A primary election was held in several districts on August 12, 2014.

The Republican Party of Minnesota won a majority of seats, defeating the majority of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL). This was the first election for the DFL since it won a majority of seats in the 2012 election, after losing a majority to the Republicans in the 2010 election. The new Legislature convened on January 6, 2015.
DJ Hurricane
Wendell Timothy Fite, also known as DJ Hurricane (born January 12, 1965) is an American hip hop DJ, producer and rapper. He is best known for his work with the Beastie Boys. He was a member of the groups Solo Sounds and the Afros and recorded three solo albums, featuring many well-known artists such as Xzibit, Public Enemy, Kool G Rap, Black Thought, Papoose and Talib Kweli.

Kool G Rap
Nathaniel Thomas Wilson (born July 20, 1968), better known by his stage name Kool G Rap (or simply G Rap), is an American rapper. He began his career in the mid-1980s as one half of the group Kool G Rap & DJ Polo and as a member of the Juice Crew. He is widely considered to be one of the most influential and skilled MCs of all time, and a pioneer of mafioso rap/street/hardcore content and multisyllabic rhyming. On his album The Giancana Story, he stated that the "G" in his name stands for "Giancana" (after the mobster Sam Giancana), but on other occasions he has stated that it stands for "Genius".

He has also been cited as a major influence on some of hip-hop's most critically acclaimed figures, such as the Notorious B.I.G., Nas, Eminem and Jay-Z, as well as many underground rappers.
Montanelia occultipanniformis
Montanelia occultipanniformis is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was formally described in 2016 based on molecular evidence that distinguished it from the morphologically similar Montanelia panniformis. As a cryptic species, it cannot be reliably identified by appearance alone and requires DNA sequencing for confident determination. The species is known from disjunct populations in Interior Alaska and the Russian Far East.

Montanelia panniformis
Montanelia panniformis, commonly known as the shingle camouflage lichen, is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It has a mostly circumboreal distribution in Asia, Europe, and North America.
UEFA Women's Euro 2022 qualifying Group A
Group A of the UEFA Women's Euro 2022 qualifying competition consists of six teams: Netherlands, Russia, Slovenia, Turkey, Kosovo, and Estonia. The composition of the nine groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 21 February 2019, 13:30 CET (UTC+1), at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland. with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.

The group is played in home-and-away round-robin format between August 2019 and December 2020. The group winners and the three best runners-up among all nine groups (not counting results against the sixth-placed team) qualify directly for the final tournament, while the remaining six runners-up advance to the play-offs.

On 17 March 2020, all matches were put on hold due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

UEFA Women's Euro 2022 qualifying
The UEFA Women's Euro 2022 qualifying competition was a women's football competition that determined the 15 teams joining the automatically qualified hosts England in the UEFA Women's Euro 2022 final tournament.

Apart from England, 47 of the remaining 54 UEFA member national teams entered the qualifying competition, including Cyprus who entered for the first time at senior women's level, and Kosovo who entered their first Women's Euro.
2024–25 European Aquatics Women's Champions League main round
The 2024–25 European Aquatics Women's Champions League main round is played between 26 October 2024 and 1 March 2025 to determine the eight teams advancing to the Quarterfinals of the 2024–25 European Aquatics Women's Champions League.

2024–25 European Aquatics Women's Champions League
The 2024–25 European Aquatics Women's Champions League is the 37th edition of the water polo competition organised by European Aquatics for premier club women's water polo teams. The defending champions are Astralpool Sabadell.

The winners were CN Sant Andreu, who won their first title by triumphing over two-time defending champions Astralpool Sabadell in the final.
SS Vienna (1873)
The SS Vienna was built in 1873 during the era when steamers were built with sail rigging.  She had a 19 year career marked with maritime incidents including sinking when she was just three years old.  She sank for her final time in fair weather in Whitefish Bay in Lake Superior after she received a mortal blow when she was inexplicably rammed by the steamer Nipigon.  Although there were no deaths when the Vienna sank for the last time, more than 100 years later her wreck claimed the lives of 4 scuba divers, the most of all the wrecks in the Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve that now protects her as part of an underwater museum.  Her wreck was stripped of artifacts that resulted in the Michigan Department of Natural Resources seizing her artifacts in a raid on the Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum in 1992.  Her artifacts are now on display in this museum as loan from the State of Michigan.

Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve
The Whitefish Point Underwater Preserve was established in 1987 to protect and conserve shipwrecks and historical resources on 376 square miles (970 km2) of Lake Superior bottomlands in Whitefish Bay and around Whitefish Point, Michigan.  The formation of the Michigan Underwater Preserves helped stop controversy over artifact removal from shipwrecks of this area.  The preserve is now known for deep, well preserved shipwrecks in clear water accessible to scuba divers with technical skill and experience.  The preserve is one of the last places in the Great Lakes to observe shipwrecks without zebra mussel encrustation.
1000 Oceans
"1000 Oceans" is a song by American singer-songwriter Tori Amos, released as the second single from her fifth studio album, To Venus and Back. The song was serviced to US adult contemporary radio formats on August 30, 1999, two weeks after the previous single, "Bliss", was sent to alternative formats. "1000 Oceans" reached number 22 on the US Billboard Hot Singles Sales chart. The song deals with issues of love and loss and is based on the singer's personal experiences.

Bliss (Tori Amos song)
"Bliss" is a song written, produced, and performed by American singer-songwriter Tori Amos. It is the lead track from Amos' fifth studio album, To Venus and Back. The song was first released as a digital download single on August 13, 1999, and was serviced to US alternative rock radio four days later. It peaked at number 91 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number seven on the Canadian Singles Chart.
ISBA High School Mock Trial Invitational
The Illinois State Bar Association High School Mock Trial Invitational is a mock trial tournament that has been held every year since 1983. The event is administered by the Illinois State Bar Association. The winning team represents the state of Illinois at the National High School Mock Trial Championship. Originally held in Springfield, Illinois, the invitational moved to

Champaign, Illinois in 2013, before moving back to Springfield for the 2019 competition. In 2019, 40 high schools participated. The defending champion is College Preparatory School of America.

National High School Mock Trial Championship
The National High School Mock Trial Championship is an American nationwide competition of high school mock trial teams.  Hundreds, and even thousands of teams participate in district, regional, and state tournaments to select one champion team to represent each of the 50 states.  The competition debuted in 1984 in Des Moines, Iowa, with teams representing Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska and Wisconsin.

Iowa has been the most successful state in the competition, setting a record in 2023 with its fifth national championship. Georgia and Tennessee have each earned the title four times, while Washington State has won the national championship three times. California, New Jersey, South Carolina, Indiana, New Mexico, and Arizona have all won twice.
Lamanda Park Line
The Lamanda Park Line, also known as the Colorado Street Line, was a local streetcar line in Pasadena, California. For most of its operational history, Pacific Electric Railway streetcars ran over the line with service ending in 1941.

Pacific Electric
The Pacific Electric Railway Company, nicknamed the Red Cars, was a privately owned mass transit system in Southern California consisting of electrically powered streetcars, interurban cars, and buses and was the largest electric railway system in the world in the 1920s. Organized around the city centers of Los Angeles and San Bernardino, it connected cities in Los Angeles County, Orange County, San Bernardino County and Riverside County.

The system shared dual gauge track with the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) narrow-gauge Los Angeles Railway, "Yellow Car," or "LARy" system on Main Street in downtown Los Angeles (directly in front of the 6th and Main terminal), on 4th Street, and along Hawthorne Boulevard south of downtown Los Angeles toward the cities of Hawthorne, Gardena, and Torrance.
Type 98 Ke-Ni light tank
The Type 98 light tank Ke-Ni (九八式軽戦車 ケニ, Kyuhachi-shiki keisensha Ke-Ni) or Type 98A Ke-Ni Ko (also known as Type 98 Chi-Ni light tank) was designed to replace the Imperial Japanese Army's Type 95 Ha-Go light tank, Japan's most numerous armored fighting vehicle during World War II. Although designed before World War II began, production did not start until 1942, with 104 being produced by the end of the war in the Pacific.

Type 95 Ha-Go light tank
The Type 95 Ha-Gō (九五式軽戦車 ハ号, kyūgo-shiki kei-sensha Ha-Gō) was a light tank used by the Empire of Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War, at the Battles of Khalkhin Gol against the Soviet Union, and in the Second World War. It proved sufficient against infantry but was not effective against other tanks. Approximately 2,300 were produced, making it the most numerous Japanese armoured fighting vehicle of the Second World War.
VGA connector
The Video Graphics Array (VGA) connector is a standard connector used for computer video output. Originating with the 1987 IBM PS/2 and its VGA graphics system, the 15-pin connector went on to become ubiquitous on PCs, as well as many monitors, projectors and HD television sets.

Other connectors have been used to carry VGA-compatible analog RGB signals, such as mini-VGA, including those which predate VGA, such as BNC and DE-9, but "VGA connector" typically refers to this 15-pin design.

Once a ubiquitous presence, some devices do continue to be manufactured with VGA connectors, but newer digital interfaces such as DVI, HDMI, and DisplayPort (sometimes via USB or Thunderbolt) have largely displaced VGA, and modern computers and other devices do not typically include it any longer.

BNC connector
The BNC connector  is a miniature quick-connect/disconnect radio-frequency connector for coaxial cable. It was introduced on military radio equipment in the 1940s, and has since become widely used in radio systems and as a common type of video connector. It has a twist-to-lock design, where two lugs on the female connector engage slots in the shell of the male one.

BNC is designed to maintain the characteristic impedance of the cable across the connection, and is made in 50-ohm and 75-ohm versions. It is normally used for radio-frequency signals up to about 2 gigahertz and 500 volts.

Similar radio-frequency connectors differ in dimensions and attachment features, and may allow for higher voltages, higher frequencies, or three-wire connections.
Zeroviella
Zeroviella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the subfamily Xanthorioideae of the family Teloschistaceae. It has eight saxicolous (rock-dwelling) species. Zeroviella was segregated from Rusavskia, a closely related genus, in 2015.

Rusavskia
Rusavskia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family  Teloschistaceae. It has 12 species. It is a member of the subfamily Xanthorioideae. The thallus of Rusavskia is characterised by its foliose (leaf-like) structure with distinct and typically narrow lobes that curve outwards.
WLOX
WLOX (channel 13) is a television station licensed to Biloxi, Mississippi, United States, serving the Mississippi Gulf Coast as an affiliate of ABC and CBS. It is owned by Gray Media alongside low-power MeTV/Telemundo affiliate WTBL-LD (channel 51). The two stations share studios on DeBuys Road in Biloxi; WLOX's transmitter is located in unincorporated southern Stone County near McHenry.

Gray Media
Gray Media, Inc. is an American publicly traded television broadcasting company based in Atlanta. Founded in 1946 by James Harrison Gray as Gray Communications Systems, the company is the third-largest television station operator in the United States by number of stations, owning or operating 180 stations across the United States in 113 markets. Its station base consists of media markets ranging from as large as Atlanta to one of the smallest markets, North Platte, Nebraska.

In terms of quantity and numerical total, Gray Media is the largest group owner and operator of NBC-affiliated stations (with a total of 64 affiliates), ahead of Nexstar Media Group and Tegna Inc., and the second-largest group owner and operator of ABC affiliates, behind Sinclair Broadcast Group.
Chess in Africa
The game of chess has a history of being played in the continent of Africa. Its play in South Africa is of particular interest to chess writers and historians.

The board game senet preceded chess and was favored by Ancient Egyptian royalty. Chess is thought to have first made its way to Africa through shatranj. As the Muslim conquest of Persia occurred, the Muslims took and modified chatrang, adopting it as shatranj. Shatranj is recognized as the immediate predecessor to chess. While chess in Europe has received considerable more attention by chess historians, it is thought that the game made its way to Europe from the Moors of North Africa.

In 1998, the African Chess Championship began being held. The most recent edition held in 2022 saw Egyptian players dominate. Since 2003, chess has also been played at the African Games. To date, Africa has 15 grandmasters.

Shatranj
Shatranj (Persian: شطرنج, pronounced [ʃaˈtˤrandʒ]; from Middle Persian chatrang) is an old form of chess, as played in the Sasanian Empire. Its origins lie in the Indian game of chaturanga. Modern chess gradually developed from this game, as it was introduced to Europe by contacts in Muslim Al-Andalus (modern Spain) and in Sicily in the 10th century. In modern Persian, the term is also used as the translation of chess.
Morgantown and Kingwood Railroad
The Morgantown and Kingwood Railroad (reporting mark M&K) was a railroad in West Virginia in the United States. It extended from the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) junction in Morgantown in Monongalia County via Masontown, Kingwood and Rowlesburg to the M&K junction with the B&O in Preston County, a distance of 47.9 mi (77.1 km). The M&K also operated approximately 5 mi (8.0 km) of branch lines along the route.

The M&K was completed in three stages: Morgantown to Bretz was completed in September 1903, Bretz to Kingwood in March 1906, and Kingwood to Rowlesburg in July 1907. The route followed the course of Deckers Creek to Kingwood. The M&K had shops and a yard at Sabraton.

The line primarily carried coal, building stone, glass sand and lumber. By 1906 the line provided a twice-daily passenger service to Kingwood. It was a key stimulus in the economic development of the region at the turn of the 20th century.

Morgantown, West Virginia
Morgantown is a city in Monongalia County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. Located along the Monongahela River in north-central West Virginia, it is home to West Virginia University. With a population of 30,347 at the 2020 census, Morgantown is the third-most populous city in West Virginia. The Morgantown metropolitan area has an estimated 140,000 residents. The local economy is largely driven by education and healthcare, anchored by West Virginia University and the Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center.
Solemn assembly
A solemn assembly is a formal and sacred procedure in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) conducted to give added emphasis to the purpose of the occasion. Solemn assemblies are held at the dedications of temples and for specially-called meetings to provide instruction to church leaders. Solemn assemblies are also held for the purpose of sustaining a new church president, who church members consider to be a prophet, seer, and revelator. Such assemblies are held, in particular, to follow the law of common consent.

In 1831, a year after Joseph Smith established the Church of Christ, church members believe he was instructed by revelation to "call your solemn assembly, that your fastings and your mourning might come up into the ears of the Lord of Sabaoth." Members understand the practice to be a continuation of the Biblical solemn assemblies, held on special occasions of major religious importance in ancient Israel.

Common consent
Common consent is a democratic principle established by Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, who taught in 1830 that "all things must be done in order, and by common consent in the church, by the prayer of faith."
West Davis Corridor
The West Davis Corridor (designated as Utah State Route 177 or SR-177) is a 16-mile-long (26 km) freeway completely within Davis County in northern Utah. The corridor splits off from Interstate 15 (I-15) and U.S. Route 89 (US-89) along with the Legacy Parkway (SR-67) in Farmington and goes through the western confines of the Ogden–Clearfield metropolitan area before ending at an T-intersection with SR-193 in West Point.

Planning for the corridor drew environmental controversy prior to its construction, leading to adjustments in response to environmental groups such as adding multi-purpose trails paralleling the highway. Construction began on the West Davis Corridor in early 2021 and was open to traffic on January 6, 2024, although construction would not be completed until February 21, 2024.

Interstate 15 in Utah
Interstate 15 (I-15) runs north–south in the U.S. state of Utah through the southwestern and central portions of the state, passing through most of the state's population centers, including St. George and those comprising the Wasatch Front: Provo–Orem, Salt Lake City, and Ogden–Clearfield. It is Utah's primary and only north–south interstate highway, as the vast majority of the state's population lives along its corridor; the Logan metropolitan area is the state's only Metropolitan Statistical Area through which I-15 does not pass. In 1998, the Utah State Legislature designated Utah's entire portion of the road as the Veterans Memorial Highway.