hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pakistan Institute of Fashion and Design
Pakistan Institute of Fashion and Design (Urdu: پاکستان انسٹی ٹیوٹ آف فیشن اینڈ ڈیزائن), also referred to as PIFD, is a public design institution primarily located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. It was established in 1994 as the Pakistan School of Fashion Design (PSF) by the Trade Development Authority of Pakistan, a department within the Ministry of Commerce. The close collaboration among the textile industry, Erasmus+, Commonwealth Association, and business and arts communities is intended to foster multi-disciplinary education and research.

The Pakistan government, in May 2011, set out to grant the institute a degree-awarding charter enabling to provide degrees recognized by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.

The institute has 1000+ students, making it Pakistan's only design institute. PIFD is a member of the Cumulus Association, a global network of universities and colleges teaching art, design, and media.

Trade Development Authority of Pakistan
The Trade Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP) (Urdu: مقتدرہ  ترقی  تجارت پاکستان) is an organisation under the Ministry of Commerce of the Government of Pakistan. It facilitates and promotes international trade of Pakistan. The current Chief Executive of TDAP is Mr. Faiz Ahmad, a BPS-22 officer from Civil Services of Pakistan.
West Point, Utah
West Point is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Ogden–Clearfield, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 9,511 at the 2010 census, up from 6,033 in 2000. The population in the 2020 census was 10,963. The city has experienced quick growth centered primarily around single-family residential construction.

West Point was first settled in March 1867. The community was named after the United States Military Academy at West Point. Before it was incorporated, the region was informally called "South Hooper" and "Muskrat Springs".

Clearfield, Utah
Clearfield is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States. The population was 31,909 at the 2020 census. The city grew rapidly during the 1940s, with the formation of Hill Air Force Base, and in the 1950s with the nationwide increase in suburb and "bedroom" community populations and has been steadily growing since then.

Clearfield is a principal city of the Ogden-Clearfield metropolitan area, which includes all of Davis, Morgan, and Weber counties.
Central Social Affairs Department
The Society Department, also termed the Central Social Affairs Department, was the intelligence and counter-intelligence agency of the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee from 1939 to 1949, prior to the establishment of the People's Republic of China.

Its successors include the intelligence departments of the Ministry of Public Security and of the People's Liberation Army. The Central Investigation Department was formed in 1955 to integrate civilian intelligence services of China. In 1983, the Investigation Department and other relevant agencies were merged to form the Ministry of State Security (MSS) as its successor.

Central Investigation Department
The Investigation Department, also termed the Central Investigation Department, was the intelligence and counter-intelligence agency of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1949 to 1983.

In 1983, the Investigation Department and other relevant agencies were merged to form the Ministry of State Security (MSS) as its successor.
Ryze Trampoline Parks
Ryze Trampoline Parks (or simply Ryze) is a chain of trampoline parks operated in Europe and Asia and owned by CircusTrix. Ryze parks are found in Edinburgh, Glasgow, Dundee in Scotland and Hong Kong. The indoor parks contain dozens of interconnected trampolines as well as soft-foam pits, trapezes and slacklines.

Trampoline
A trampoline is a device consisting of a piece of taut, strong fabric stretched between a steel frame often using many coiled springs. People bounce on trampolines for recreational and competitive purposes.

The fabric that users bounce on (commonly known as the "bounce mat" or "trampoline bed") is not elastic itself; the elasticity is provided by the springs that connect it to the frame, which store potential energy.
Ibere
Ibere is a clan located in the eastern part of Ikwuano Local Government Area, Abia State, Nigeria. It borders Oboro to the west, Bende to the north, the Isuogu (Ariam/Usaka and Oloko) to the south, Itumbauzo and Nkari (a clan in Ini LGA, Akwa Ibom State) to the east. It is one of 18 Igbo clans of the Old Bende Division. Ibere was classified in the Ohuhu-Ngwa cluster of the Southern Igbo area by Forde and Jones.

Oloko
Oloko Listenⓘ is one of the four clans that make up Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. Oloko is from the Isuogu group. It borders Oboro to the north, Olokoro and Ngwa to the west, Ariam/Usaka to the east and Ikono; a clan in Akwa Ibom State to its south. Oloko is one of 18 Igbo clans of the Old Bende Division. It was classified in the Ohuhu-Ngwa cluster of the Southern Igbo area.
Complete dentures
A complete denture (also known as a  full denture, false teeth or plate) is a removable appliance used when all teeth within a jaw have been lost and need to be prosthetically replaced. In contrast to a partial denture, a complete denture is constructed when there are no more teeth left in an arch; hence, it is an exclusively tissue-supported prosthesis. A complete denture can be opposed by natural dentition, a partial or complete denture, fixed appliances or, sometimes, soft tissues.

Removable partial denture
A removable partial denture (RPD) is a denture for a partially edentulous patient who desires to have replacement teeth for functional or aesthetic reasons and who cannot have a bridge (a fixed partial denture) for any reason, such as a lack of required teeth to serve as support for a bridge (i.e. distal abutments) or financial limitations.

This type of prosthesis is referred to as a removable partial denture because patients can remove and reinsert it when required without professional help. Conversely, a "fixed" prosthesis can and should be removed only by a dental professional.

The aim of an RPD is to restore masticatory function, speech, appearance and other anatomical features.
Teshio District, Hokkaido
Teshio (天塩郡, Teshio-gun) is a district divided between Rumoi and Sōya Subprefectures, Hokkaido, Japan.  At the end of 2009, the district has an estimated population of 13,937 and an area of 2039.11 km2, giving a population density of 6.83 persons per square kilometer.

In 2010, the town of Horonobe was transferred from Rumoi Subprefecture to Sōya Subprefecture.

Rumoi Subprefecture
Rumoi Subprefecture (留萌振興局, Rumoi-shinkō-kyoku) is a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan.  As of 2011, it had a population of 52,627 and an area of 4,019.97 square kilometres (1,552.12 mi2). The population density of the subprefecture, 13 people per km2, is very low compared to the rest of Japan. The population of Rumoi Subprefecture represents 0.96% of the overall population of Hokkaido.
Wapping railway station
Wapping is a station on the Windrush line of the London Overground, located on the northern bank of the River Thames in Wapping within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The station is between Shadwell and Rotherhithe stations, and is in London fare zone 2.

After temporary closures for remodelling, the station reopened for preview services on 27 April 2010 for services to New Cross and New Cross Gate, and from 23 May 2010 trains to and from New Cross Gate were extended to West Croydon and Crystal Palace.

New Cross railway station
New Cross is an interchange station between the Windrush line of the London Overground and National Rail services operated by Southeastern, located in New Cross in south-east London. It is 4 miles 68 chains (7.8 km) down the line from London Charing Cross and is in London fare zone 2. It is a southern terminus of some Windrush line services from Dalston Junction.

There is an out-of-station interchange with New Cross Gate station, also situated on the Windrush line of the London Overground, located 620 metres (2,030 ft) walk away. To avoid confusion with those at New Cross Gate, the platforms at New Cross are lettered rather than numbered. Ticket barriers control access to all platforms.
Eicosatetraenoic acid
Eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA) designates any straight chain tetra-unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acid. These compound are classified as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The pure compounds, which are encountered rarely, are colorless oils.  Two isomers, both of them as fatty acids, are of particular interest:

all-cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid is an ω-6 fatty acid with the trivial name arachidonic acid.  It is formed by a desaturation of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA, 20:3 ω-6).

all-cis-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid is an ω-3 fatty acid. It is an intermediate between stearidonic acid (18:4 ω-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 ω-3)

Some chemistry sources define 'arachadonic acid' to designate any of the eicosatetraenoic acids.  However, almost all writings in biology, medicine, and nutrition limit the use of the term 'arachidonic acid' to all-cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (ω-6).

Polyunsaturated fat
In biochemistry and nutrition, a polyunsaturated fat is a fat that contains a polyunsaturated fatty acid (abbreviated PUFA), which is a subclass of fatty acid characterized by a backbone with two or more carbon–carbon double bonds.
Some polyunsaturated fatty acids are essentials. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are precursors to and are derived from polyunsaturated fats, which include drying oils.
Vemb
Vemb is a little town in west Jutland, Denmark with a population of 1,238 (1 January 2025). The town is close to Nissum Fjord and Storå. Vemb also has a railway station on the railway line between Ringkøbing and Holstebro. Nørre Vosborg, a manor house surrounded by ramparts, is located 2 kilometers south of the town. It is one of Denmark's oldest manor houses and was mentioned as early as 1299. Vemb lies in Vemb Parish, which belongs to Holstebro Municipality in Region Midtjylland.

Ringkøbing
Ringkøbing (older spelling Ringkjøbing) is a town in Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality in Region Midtjylland on the west coast of the Jutland peninsula in west Denmark. It has a population of 9,830 (1 January 2025).
Campo Conde de Sucena
The Campo Conde de Sucena (meaning in English "Count of Sucena Field") is located within the Count of Sucena Sports Complex in Sintra. It is a football stadium with capacity for 1,000 spectators and is the home of the S.U. 1º Dezembro club.

S.U. 1º Dezembro
Sociedade União 1º Dezembro is a sports club from Sintra, Portugal. The football section of the club was founded on 6 April 1938, and the women's football section in 1995. The men's football team plays in the Liga 3. The women's football team played in the national top league, the Campeonato Nacional and dominated till the 2010s. After the first championship title in 1999–2000, the team won every season from the 2001–02 season onwards for eleven championships in a row. With their twelfth title in 2012 they are Portugal's record champion. At the end of 2013–2014, the women's football team ended due to economic issues.

In the UEFA Women's Cup they did not go past the 1st qualification round. In the 2009–10 and 2010–11 Women's Champions League they competed in the qualifying round.
Gorakhpur–Amritsar Jan Sadharan Express
The 22423 / 22424 Gorakhpur–Amritsar Jan Sadharan Express is an Express train belonging to Northern Railway zone that runs between Gorakhpur Junction and Amritsar Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 22423/22424 train numbers on a weekly basis.

Amritsar Junction railway station
Amritsar Central Railway Station (station code: ASR) is a railway located in Amritsar district in the Indian state of Punjab and serves Amritsar. It is the largest and busiest railway station of Punjab.
1868 Barcelona Workers' Congress
The 1868 Barcelona Workers' Congress was convened on December 13, 1868, by the Central Directorate of Workers' Societies of Barcelona, which had been created two months earlier thanks to the freedom achieved after the triumph of the Glorious Revolution of September 1868. Sixty-one Catalan workers' societies attended. Its most immediate antecedent was the 1865 Barcelona Workers' Congress - the first in the history of the labor movement in Spain, although it was also limited to Catalonia. It wasn't until 1870 that the first state-level workers' congress was held, which also had its headquarters in Barcelona, and from which the FRE-AIT would emerge.

Glorious Revolution (Spain)
The Glorious Revolution (Spanish: la Gloriosa or la Septembrina) took place in Spain in 1868, resulting in the deposition of Queen Isabella II. The success of the revolution marked the beginning of the Sexenio Democrático with the installation of a provisional government.
Jim Smith (animator)
James Carl Smith (né Jobb; October 8, 1954 – May 2, 2025) was an American animator and musician. He worked on Mighty Mouse: The New Adventures with his long-time working partner John Kricfalusi. Smith later briefly worked on Tiny Toon Adventures, and then along with Kricfalusi, Bob Camp and Lynne Naylor he founded Spümcø, where he co-developed The Ren & Stimpy Show (from which he departed in 1992 alongside Kricfalusi) in 1991 and The Ripping Friends in 2001. He was notable for remaining faithful to Kricfalusi, having refused to join Games Animation (though he worked on The X's after its rebranding to Nickelodeon Animation Studio), working with Kricfalusi on his projects amid other work until Cans Without Labels (2019).

Bob Camp
Robert Frank Camp is an American animator, writer, cartoonist, comic book artist, storyboard artist, director, and producer. He is best known for founding Spümcø and his work for developing and serving as a showrunner for The Ren & Stimpy Show. He has been nominated for two Emmys, a CableACE Award, and an Annie Award for his work on The Ren & Stimpy Show.
Greater Cochin Development Authority
Greater Cochin Development Authority (GCDA) is a statutory body headquartered in Kadavanthra, Kerala, India, established in 1976. It is responsible for the development planning of the Kochi Municipal Corporation (except two wards), nine adjacent municipal councils, and 21 intervening gram panchayats, covering a total area of 632 km2.

The GCDA is one of the two development bodies in Kochi, the other being Goshree Islands Development Authority which oversees development planning of eight island panchayats, covering an area of 100 km2.

Kochi Municipal Corporation
The Kochi Municipal Corporation is the municipal corporation that governs the Indian city of Kochi in the state of Kerala. The Corporation manages 94.88 km2 of Kochi city and has a population of 677,381 within that area. It is the most densely populated city corporation in the state. Kochi Municipal Corporation has been formed with functions to improve the infrastructure of town.
Hemorphin-4
Hemorphin-4 is an endogenous opioid peptide of the hemorphin family which possesses antinociceptive properties and is derived from the β-chain of hemoglobin in the bloodstream. It contains a tetrapeptide core with the amino acid sequence Tyr-Pro-Trp-Thr. Hemorphin-4 serves as a opioid receptor ligand that has affinities for the μ-, δ-, and κ-opioid receptors in the same range as the structurally related β-casomorphins, although affinity to the κ-opioid receptor is markedly higher in comparison. It acts as an agonist at these sites. It presents high affinity for other receptors such as angiotensin IV, bombesin subtype 3 (hBRS-3), and the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF). Even though it exhibits lower binding affinity for opioid receptors relative to traditional opioid peptides such as endorphins and enkephalins; it may still influence opioid receptor systems due to its high tissue concentration.

Enkephalin
An enkephalin is a pentapeptide involved in regulating nociception (pain sensation) in the body.  The enkephalins are termed endogenous ligands, as they are internally derived (and therefore endogenous) and bind as ligands to the body's opioid receptors.  Discovered in 1975, two forms of enkephalin have been found, one containing leucine ("leu"), and the other containing methionine ("met"). Both are products of the proenkephalin gene:

Met-enkephalin is Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met.

Leu-enkephalin is Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu.
Visita de San Telmo
The Visita de San Telmo was a Catholic visita located along the Arroyo de San Telmo in Baja California, Mexico. The visita was founded by Dominican missionaries sometime between 1798 and 1800 as an extension of Misión Santo Domingo de la Frontera.

Misión Santo Domingo de la Frontera
Misión Santo Domingo was founded among the Kiliwa Indians of Baja California, Mexico, by the Dominicans Miguel Hidalgo and Manuel García in 1775. It is located near Colonia Vicente Guerrero and northeast of San Quintín Bay.
Chicago and Illinois River Railroad
The Chicago and Illinois River Railroad was a predecessor of the Alton Railroad that built a line from Joliet southwest through Coal City, Illinois, to the Mazon River.  A portion is now a second main track on the BNSF Railway's Southern Transcon.

Alton Railroad
The Alton Railroad (reporting mark A) was the final name of a railroad linking Chicago to Alton, Illinois; St. Louis, Missouri; and Kansas City, Missouri. Its predecessor, the Chicago and Alton Railroad (reporting mark C&A), was purchased by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1931 and was controlled until 1942 when the Alton was released to the courts. On May 31, 1947, the Alton Railroad was merged into the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad. Jacob Bunn had been one of the founding reorganizers of the Chicago & Alton Railroad Company during the 1860s.

Main lines included Chicago to St. Louis and a branch to Kansas City. The former is now part of Union Pacific, with Metra Heritage Corridor commuter rail service north of Joliet (owned by the Canadian National Railway but used by UP). Today, the Kansas City line is part of the CPKC system.
Kirkby-in-Furness railway station
Kirkby-in-Furness is a railway station on the Cumbrian Coast Line, which runs between Carlisle and Barrow-in-Furness. The station, situated 9+1⁄4 miles (15 km) north of Barrow-in-Furness, serves the village of Kirkby-in-Furness in Cumbria. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

The name Kirkby-in-Furness did not exist until the creation of the railway line. The village in fact is an amalgamation of six smaller villages and hamlets. The name was chosen almost at random by the train company for the station and was eventually used for the collection of villages.

In Victorian times, the station gained fame as the station with the longest platform seat in the country. However, this was removed many years ago.

Barrow-in-Furness railway station
Barrow-in-Furness (formerly Barrow Pier, Barrow Strand and Barrow Central) is a railway station on the Cumbrian Coast Line and Furness Line, 85+1⁄2 miles (138 km) south-west of Carlisle and 34+3⁄4 miles (56 km) north-west of Lancaster, in the town of Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.
Kiran Deshmukh
Vice Admiral Kiran Deshmukh, AVSM, VSM is a former Flag officer in the Indian Navy. He last served as the Chief of Materiel. He earlier served as the Controller Warship Production and Acquisition and as the Admiral Superintendent Naval Dockyard (Visakhapatnam).

Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM, lit. 'Very Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India given to recognize "distinguished service of an exceptional order" to all ranks of the armed forces. The award is a peacetime equivalent of Uttam Yuddh Seva Medal, which is a Wartime Distinguished Service decoration.

The award can also be granted posthumously. Subsequent awards are represented by a bar worn on the ribbon. The awardee can use "AVSM" as post-nominal letters.
RMIT University Library
RMIT University Library (previously known as 'Libraries of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology') consists of six academic branch libraries in Australia and Vietnam. Its four Australian branches are located on the RMIT University campuses in Melbourne City, Bundoora and Brunswick; and its two Vietnamese branches are located at the RMIT University Vietnam campuses in Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi.

Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Vietnam
The Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Vietnam (abbreviated as RMIT University Vietnam; Vietnamese: Đại học RMIT Việt Nam or Học viện Công nghệ Hoàng Gia Melbourne Việt Nam) is the Vietnamese branch of the Australian university Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology. It has three campuses located in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, and Danang.

RMIT was the first completely foreign-owned university granted permission to operate in Vietnam. Since its establishment in 2000, it has won 19 Golden Dragon Awards from the Vietnamese Government for excellence in education.
Quercus dumosa
Quercus dumosa, commonly known as Nuttall's scrub oak or coastal sage scrub oak, is a species of scrub oak belonging to the white oak group (subgenus Quercus, section Quercus). It is a shrub typically reaching heights of 1–3 m (3.3–9.8 ft), characterized by a scraggly and rounded appearance, with dense tangled reddish branches, small dark green leaves with distinct teeth, curly trichomes on the lower leaf surfaces, and narrow acute acorns.

Native to the United States and Mexico, it is a rare species found in chaparral and coastal sage scrub on sandy soils often within sight of the ocean, and is found in disjunct populations ranging from Santa Barbara County, California south to the vicinity of Punta Colonet, Baja California. It is perhaps one of the rarest and most threatened species of oak in California, as the human development of coastal southern California has left very little habitat intact.

Acorn
The acorn  is the nut of the oaks and their close relatives (genera Quercus, Notholithocarpus and Lithocarpus, in the family Fagaceae); alternatively known as glans. It usually contains a seedling surrounded by two cotyledons (seedling leaves), enclosed in a tough shell known as the pericarp, and borne in a cup-shaped cupule. Acorns are 1–6 cm (1⁄2–2+1⁄2 in) long and 0.8–4 cm (3⁄8–1+5⁄8 in) on the fat side. Acorns take between 5 and 24 months (depending on the species) to mature; see the list of Quercus species for details of oak classification, in which acorn morphology and phenology are important factors.
Gabriels Creek
Gabriels Creek is a 4.62 mi (7.44 km) long 2nd order tributary to the Deep River in Randolph County, North Carolina.  Gabriels Creek is the only stream in the United States by this name in the plural.  There are two other streams by the name of Gabriel Creek (no s).

Deep River (North Carolina)
Deep River is a tributary of the Cape Fear River, approximately 125 miles (201 km) long, in north central North Carolina in the United States. Deep River is a translation of the Indian name sapponah, "deep river".

Paddling is popular on the river. Deep River is flanked by the planned Deep River State Trail and several other parks and preservation areas including Carbonton Dam Park, House in the Horseshoe Historic Site, Deep River Park and Deep River Camelback Truss Bridge, Endor Iron Furnace, White Pines Nature Preserve, Lockville Dam, Canal and Powerhouse, and Mermaid Point.

There river is habitat to two federally-endangered species, the Cape Fear shiner, a critically endangered minnow, and the Atlantic Pigtoe, an endangered mussel.