hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Phongolo Nature Reserve
Phongolo Nature Reserve is a protected area managed by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The reserve encompasses 10,485 hectares (25,910 acres) surrounding the Pongolapoort Dam (also known as Lake Jozini) in the Lebombo Mountains. First proclaimed in 1894 by President Paul Kruger of the South African Republic, it is the oldest formally protected nature reserve in South Africa and one of the oldest on the African continent.

The reserve forms part of a cooperative conservation initiative involving private landowners, tribal communities, and government conservation services, with the aim of establishing a large, ecologically and socio-economically viable "Big Five" reserve. It is designated as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife South Africa.

Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife
Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife (officially, the KwaZulu-Natal Nature Conservation Board) is a governmental organisation responsible for maintaining wildlife conservation areas and biodiversity in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Their headquarters is in Queen Elizabeth Park situated on the northern slopes of Pietermaritzburg, the KwaZulu-Natal provincial capital. Prior to 1994, it was known as the Natal Parks Board.
Coal River Precinct
Coal River Precinct is a heritage-listed historic precinct at Nobbys Road, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1804 to 1960. It includes Fort Scratchley, Nobbys Head, the Convict Lumber Yard site, Macquarie Pier, the breakwater and Nobby's Beach. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 19 December 2003.

Fort Scratchley
Fort Scratchley, a former coastal defence installation, is now a museum. It is located in Newcastle East, a suburb of Newcastle, New South Wales in Australia. It was built in 1882 to defend the city against a possible Russian attack. However, its guns were not fired in anger until 8 June 1942, during the shelling of Newcastle. The Australian Army left the site in 1972.
Ficus Ruminalis
The Ficus Ruminalis was a wild fig tree that had religious and mythological significance in ancient Rome. It stood near the small cave known as the Lupercal at the foot of the Palatine Hill and was the spot where according to tradition the floating makeshift cradle of Romulus and Remus landed on the banks of the Tiber. There they were nurtured by the she-wolf and discovered by Faustulus. The tree was sacred to Rumina, one of the birth and childhood deities, who protected breastfeeding in humans and animals. St. Augustine mentions a Jupiter Ruminus.

She-wolf (Roman mythology)
In the Roman foundation myth, the She-Wolf (lupa in Latin) was an Italian wolf who nursed and sheltered the twins Romulus and Remus after they were abandoned in the wild by decree of King Amulius of Alba Longa. She cared for the infants at her den, a cave known as the Lupercal, until they were discovered by a shepherd, Faustulus. Romulus would later become the founder and first king of Rome and both twins became famous throughout history as the founders of the Rome we know today. The image of the She-Wolf suckling the twins has been a symbol of Rome since ancient times and is one of the most recognizable icons of ancient mythology.
Isaniwa Shrine
Isaniwa Shrine (伊佐爾波神社, Isaniwa jinja) is a Shinto shrine in Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. Enshrined are Emperor Chūai, Empress Jingū, and Emperor Ōjin. A number of its buildings and treasures have been designated Important Cultural Properties.

Important Cultural Property (Japan)
An Important Cultural Property (重要文化財, jūyō bunkazai) is an item officially classified as Tangible Cultural Property by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) and judged to be of particular importance to the history, arts, and culture of the Japanese people.
2000 MLB Japan All-Star Series
The 2000 MLB Japan All-Star Series was the seventh edition of the championship, a best-of-eight series between the All-Star teams from Major League Baseball (MLB) and Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).

MLB won the series by 5–2–1 and Barry Bonds was named MVP.

MLB Japan All-Star Series
The MLB Japan All-Star Series is an irregular end-of-the-season tour of Japan made by an All-Star team from Major League Baseball (MLB) since 1986, contested in a best-of format against the All-Stars from Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) or recently as of 2014 their national team Samurai Japan (SJP).

The series has featured many great players, such as Nori Aoki, Barry Bonds, Ken Griffey Jr., Randy Johnson, Chase Utley, Ryan Howard, Hideki Matsui, Ichiro Suzuki, Shinnosuke Abe, David Ortiz, Sammy Sosa, Justin Morneau, Joe Mauer, David Wright, Jose Reyes, Jose Altuve, Robinson Canó and Manny Ramírez.

In the beginning of all games the American, Canadian and Japanese national anthems are all played. Games can end in a tie if it persists through 12 innings, just as in NPB rules.
Judi Allen
Judith Elizabeth Allen FRS FMedSci FRSE FRSB is a British scientist who is Professor of Immunobiology at the University of Manchester. She is an expert on macrophages activated during helminthiasis and was elected Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2023. She has also done extensive work into type 2 immunity and was awarded Honorary Professor at the University of Edinburgh in 2016.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Biology (FRSB), previously Fellowship of the Society of Biology (FSB), is an award and fellowship granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Biology has adjudged to have made a "prominent contribution to the advancement of the biological sciences, and has gained no less than five years of experience in a position of senior responsibility".
Death Knell (Stargate SG-1)
"Death Knell" is the 16th episode from the seventh season of military science fiction adventure television show Stargate SG-1 and is the 148th overall. It was first broadcast on January 27, 2004, on Sky One in the United Kingdom. The episode was written and directed by Peter DeLuise.

In the episode, Samantha Carter (Amanda Tapping) and  Jacob Carter / Selmak (Carmen Argenziano) are developing a prototype weapon to fight Anubis's Super Soldiers at the Alpha Site when they are attacked. After the base is destroyed, Carter is relentlessly pursued by one of the Super Soldiers. Meanwhile, the fragile alliance between the Tok'ra, Rebel Jaffa and Earth hangs in the balance.

The episode continues on from the events of the season six episode "Allegiance" and season seven episode "Evolution".

Stargate SG-1 season 6
The sixth season of Stargate SG-1, an American-Canadian television series, began airing on June 7, 2002 on Sci Fi. The sixth season concluded after 22 episodes on February 19, 2003 on the UK's Sky One, which had overtaken the Sci-Fi Channel's number of new-episode broadcasts mid-season. The series was developed by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner. Season six regular cast members include Richard Dean Anderson, Amanda Tapping, Christopher Judge, with Corin Nemec, and Don S. Davis.
Ratcliff
Ratcliff or Ratcliffe is a locality in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It lies on the north bank of the River Thames between Limehouse (to the east), and Shadwell (to the west). The place name is no longer commonly used.

Limehouse
Limehouse is a district in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in East London. It is 3.9 miles (6.3 km) east of Charing Cross, on the northern bank of the River Thames. Its proximity to the river has given it a strong maritime character, which it retains through its riverside public houses and steps, such as The Grapes and Limehouse Stairs.

The area gives its name to Limehouse Reach, a section of the Thames which runs south to Millwall after making a right-angled bend at Cuckold's Point, Rotherhithe. The west-to-east section upstream of Cuckold's Point is properly called the Lower Pool.
Rheinwesterwald Volcanic Ridge
The Rheinwesterwald Volcanic Ridge (German: Rheinwesterwälder Vulkanrücken), or more rarely, the Asberg Plateau (Asberg-Hochfläche) is a hill ridge and natural region, roughly 13 kilometres long and 3 to 4 kilometres wide, in the north of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate and south of North Rhine-Westphalia west of the Rhine, which is adjoined in the south by the Siebengebirge. The name was introduced in the late 1950s together with the natural regional major unit of Niederwesterwald.

The ridge or plateau also bears the regional name of Linzer Höhe ("Linz Hills") south of the Asberg. This name was being used by the 17th century to refer to the area outside the town walls of the church parish of Linz and on the side facing the hills.

Linz am Rhein
Linz am Rhein (German pronunciation: [ˈlɪnts ʔam ˈʁaɪn] ⓘ, lit. 'Linz on the Rhine') is a municipality in the district of Neuwied, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated on the right bank of the river Rhine near Remagen, approx. 25 km southeast of Bonn and has about 6,000 inhabitants. It is the sister city of Marietta, Georgia in the United States, Linz in Austria and Pornic in France.

Linz is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Linz am Rhein.

The town is also a destination for tourists thanks to its location next to the Rhine river and its colorful half-timbered houses.
Metribolone
Metribolone (developmental code R1881, also known as methyltrienolone) is a synthetic and orally active anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) and a 17α-alkylated nandrolone (19-nortestosterone) derivative which was never marketed for medical use but has been widely used in scientific research as a hot ligand in androgen receptor (AR) ligand binding assays (LBAs) and as a photoaffinity label for the AR. More precisely, metribolone is the 17α-methylated derivative of trenbolone. It was investigated briefly for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in women in the late 1960s and early 1970s, but was found to produce signs of severe hepatotoxicity at very low dosages, and its development was subsequently discontinued.

17α-Alkylated anabolic steroid
A 17α-alkylated anabolic steroid is a synthetic anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) that features an alkyl group, specifically a methyl or ethyl group, at the C17α position. Unlike many other AAS, 17α-alkylated AAS are orally active and do not require intramuscular injection. However, they uniquely possess a high potential for hepatotoxicity, which simultaneously limits their use. In addition, some have a high risk of gynecomastia due to uniquely high estrogenic activity, although this does not apply to 17α-alkylated AAS that are also 4,5α-reduced or 19-demethylated (i.e., that are also dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or nandrolone derivatives, respectively). The prototypical example of a 17α-alkylated AAS is methyltestosterone (17α-methyltestosterone).
The Rundelstone of Oz
The Rundelstone of Oz is a novel by Eloise Jarvis McGraw. It is a volume in the series of fictional works about the Land of Oz, by L. Frank Baum and his successors.

The Rundelstone of Oz was originally the opening section of McGraw's The Forbidden Fountain of Oz. Extracted from that book, the Rundelstone story remained unpublished until it was included in the sixth and final issue of Oz-story Magazine, the annual periodical issued by David Maxine and Eric Shanower from 1995 to 2000. The novel was then published in a hardback edition the next year.

The Forbidden Fountain of Oz was originally intended to be illustrated by Lauren Lynn McGraw, the author's daughter and credited co-author. In Oz-story, The Rundelstone of Oz was published with Shanower's illustrations, along with Lauren McGraw's design sketches for the characters from the earlier form of the story. (Since McGraw died in 2000, the 2001 edition was published posthumously; it featured an Introduction by Lauren Lynn.)

The Forbidden Fountain of Oz
Novels portal

Children's literature portal

The Forbidden Fountain of Oz is a 1980 children's novel written by Eloise Jarvis McGraw and her daughter Lauren Lynn Mcgraw (or McGraw Wagner), and illustrated by Dick Martin. The novel is in the long-running Oz series written by L. Frank Baum and his many successors.
Paschimbhag copperplate inscription
The Pahcimbhag copperplate inscription, Srichandra Paschimbhag copperplate inscription or simply Chandrapur inscription is a copperplate inscription issued in 935 by Srichandra, the second king of the Chandra Dynasty of south-east Bengal. The inscription was discovered in the village of Paschimbhag, Moulvibazar district (then a Mahakuma). It is one of 12 known copperplate inscriptions by Chandra Dynasty kings. The inscription is mainly a deed of donation, in which Srichandra grants lands for many Brahmins and for nine monasteries in the Sylhet region, which formed Chandrapur University, named after Srichandra. It includes a detailed description of the Chandra kingdom and the Palas and Kamboja Pala rulers of Bengal and refers to the society of pre-medieval Bengal.

Moulvibazar District
Moulvibazar District, (Bengali: মৌলভীবাজার জেলা) formerly South Sylhet  is the southeastern district of Sylhet Division in northeastern Bangladesh, named after the town of Moulvibazar. It is bordered by the Indian states of Tripura and Assam to the south and east, respectively; by the Bangladeshi districts of Habiganj to the west and Sylhet to the north.
Galactic Civilizations IV
Galactic Civilizations IV is a 4X turn-based strategy video game developed by Stardock for Microsoft Windows. It features standard 4X space gameplay such as colonizing a galaxy, engaging in space combat, and discovering new technology and alien species. As the fourth entry in the Galactic Civilizations series, the game adds an artificial intelligence assistant, a scoring system, and a larger galaxy organized into multiple sectors of tile-based maps. The game entered early access in 2021, promising to learn from other 4X games including Stellaris, Endless Space, and Distant Worlds.

Upon its release in April 26, 2022, Galactic Civilizations 4 received mixed reviews from game journalists. A few positive reviewers felt the game was enjoyable despite its lack of novelty, while more critical reviews compared it unfavorably to its contemporaries in the genre.

Endless Space
Endless Space is a 4X turn-based strategy video game developed by Amplitude Studios and originally published by Iceberg Interactive. It was released on 4 July 2012, for Microsoft Windows and 31 August for Mac OS X. In the game, the player takes charge of fictional Space Age civilizations, expanding their influence by colonization and conquest. Endless Space earned the Unity Golden Cube award in 2013. The game's sequel, Endless Space 2, was released in 2017.

The game's publishing rights is currently held by Sega after their acquisition of Amplitude Studios.
Correlation function (quantum field theory)
In quantum field theory, correlation functions, often referred to as correlators or Green's functions, are vacuum expectation values of time-ordered products of field operators. They are a key object of study in quantum field theory where they can be used to calculate various observables such as S-matrix elements, although they are not themselves observables. This is because they need not be gauge invariant, nor are they unique, with different correlation functions resulting in the same S-matrix and therefore describing the same physics. They are closely related to correlation functions between random variables, although they are nonetheless different objects, being defined in Minkowski spacetime and on quantum operators.

Path-ordering
In theoretical physics, path-ordering is the procedure (or a meta-operator ) that orders a product of operators according to the value of a chosen parameter:

Here p is a permutation that orders the parameters by value:

For example:

In many fields of physics, the most common type of path-ordering is time-ordering, which is discussed in detail below.
Arthur B. McDonald
Arthur Bruce McDonald CC OOnt ONS FRS FRSC P.Eng (born August 29, 1943) is a Canadian astrophysicist. McDonald is the director of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory Collaboration and held the Gordon and Patricia Gray Chair in Particle Astrophysics at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario from 2006 to 2013. He was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Japanese physicist Takaaki Kajita.

Order of Ontario
The Order of Ontario (French: Ordre de l'Ontario) is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Ontario. Instituted in 1986 by Lieutenant Governor Lincoln Alexander, on the advice of the Cabinet under Premier David Peterson, the civilian order is administered by the Lieutenant Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Ontario residents for conspicuous achievements in any field.
Monique Mercure
Marie Lise Monique Émond CC GOQ (14 November 1930 – 16 May 2020), better known as Monique Mercure ([mɔ.nik mɛʁ.kyʁ]), was a Canadian stage and screen actress. She was one of the country's great actors of the classical and modern repertory. In 1977, Mercure won a Cannes Film Festival Award and a Canadian Film Award for her performance in the drama film J.A. Martin Photographer.

Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actress
The Best Actress Award (French: Prix d'interprétation féminine) is an award presented at the Cannes Film Festival since 1946. It is given to an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance and chosen by the jury from the films in official competition slate at the festival.

At the 1946 Cannes Film Festival, Michèle Morgan was the inaugural winner of the award for Pastoral Symphony. While Nadia Melliti is the most recent winner for The Little Sister at the 2025 Cannes Film Festival.
Shower-curtain effect
The shower-curtain effect in physics describes the phenomenon of a shower curtain being blown inward when a shower is running. The problem of identifying the cause of this effect has been featured in Scientific American magazine, with several hypotheses given to explain the phenomenon but no definite conclusion.

Shower
A shower is a place in which a person bathes under a spray of typically warm or hot water. Indoors, there is a drain in the floor. Most showers are set up to have adjustable temperature, spray pressure, and showerhead nozzle angle. The simplest showers have a swivelling nozzle aimed downward, while more complex showers have a showerhead connected to a hose that has a mounting bracket; this allows the showerer to hold the showerhead by hand to spray the water onto different parts of their body. A showerhead can be installed in a small shower stall or bathtub, with a plastic shower curtain or door.

Showering is common due to the efficiency of using it compared with using a bathtub. Its use in hygiene is, therefore, common practice.
2008 Tampa Bay Rays season
The 2008 Tampa Bay Rays season was the 11th season in franchise history, and the first season in which they were known as the Tampa Bay Rays, formerly being known as the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. This was the third season with Joe Maddon managing the club. After being plagued by futility as the Devil Rays, amassing just a .398 winning percentage over their first 10 years as a franchise and finishing in last place nine times, the team finished their first season as the Rays with a 97–65 record to win their first American League East division title. In the postseason, they beat the Chicago White Sox three games to one in the ALDS, and beat the defending World Series champion Boston Red Sox in seven games in the ALCS to advance to their first World Series in franchise history. They would go on to lose to the Philadelphia Phillies in five games.

2008 American League Division Series
The 2008 American League Division Series (ALDS), the first round of the 2008 American League playoffs in Major League Baseball’s (MLB) 2008 postseason, consisted of two best-of-five series to determine the two participants in the 2008 American League Championship Series. They were:

(1) Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim (Western Division champions, 100–62) vs. (4) Boston Red Sox (Wild Card qualifier, 95–67): Red Sox win series, 3–1.

(2) Tampa Bay Rays (Eastern Division champions, 97–65) vs. (3) Chicago White Sox (Central Division champions, 89–74): Rays win series, 3–1.

Since the Twins and the White Sox completed the regular season with identical records (88–74), the two teams played against each other in a one-game playoff. The White Sox defeated the Twins, 1–0, and thus became the AL Central champions.

The Rays defeated the Red Sox in the ALCS, and went on to lose the 2008 World Series to the National League champion Philadelphia Phillies.
Hassocks F.C.
Hassocks Football Club is a football club based in Hassocks, near Brighton, West Sussex, England. The club is affiliated to the Sussex County Football Association. The club joined the Sussex County League Division Two in 1981 and has reached the 2nd round of the FA Vase three times in its history, and the 3rd qualifying round of the FA Cup in 2001–02. They are currently members of the Isthmian League South East Division and play at the Beacon.

The three sections together are a FA Charter Standard Community Club.

Southern Combination Football League
The Southern Combination Football League (named Premier Sports Southern Combination Football League) is a football league broadly covering the counties of East Sussex, West Sussex, Surrey and South West London, England. The league consists of eight divisions – three for first teams (Premier Division, Division One and Division Two), two for Under 23 teams (East Division and West Division) and three for Under 18 teams (East Division, Central Division and West Division).
2014 ECAC Hockey men's ice hockey tournament
The 2014 ECAC Hockey Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 53rd tournament in league history. It was played between March 7 and March 22, 2014. First Round and Quarterfinal games were played at home team campus sites, while the final four games were played at the Herb Brooks Arena in Lake Placid, New York. By winning the tournament, Union received the ECAC's automatic bid to the 2014 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

2014 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The 2014 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament was the national championship tournament for men's college ice hockey in the United States in 2014. The tournament involved 16 teams in single-elimination play to determine the national champion at the Division I level of the NCAA, the highest level of competition in college hockey. The tournament's Frozen Four – the semifinals and finals – was hosted by ECAC Hockey at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia.

Union defeated Minnesota 7–4 to win the program's first NCAA title.
Mori Domain (Bungo)
Mori Domain (森藩, Mori-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now central Ōita Prefecture. It was centered around Mori Jin'ya in what is now the town of Kusu, Ōita and was ruled by the tozama daimyō Kurushima clan for all of its history.

Han system
Han (Japanese: 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Han or Bakufu-han (daimyo domain) served as a system of de facto administrative divisions of Japan alongside the de jure provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s.