hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Snježana Kordić
Snježana Kordić (pronounced [sɲěʒana kôːrditɕ] ⓘ; born October 29, 1964) is a Croatian linguist. In addition to her work in syntax, she has written on sociolinguistics. Kordić is known among non-specialists for her numerous articles against the puristic and prescriptive language policy in Croatia. Her 2010 book on language and nationalism popularised the theory of pluricentric languages in the Balkans.

Pluricentric language
A pluricentric language or polycentric language is a language with several codified standard forms, often corresponding to different countries. Many examples of such languages can be found worldwide among the most-spoken languages, including but not limited to Chinese in the People's Republic of China, Taiwan and Singapore; English in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, South Africa, India, Singapore, and elsewhere; and French in France, Canada, many African countries, and elsewhere.

The converse case is a monocentric language, which has only one formally standardized version. Examples include Japanese and Russian.
In some cases, the different standards of a pluricentric language may be elaborated to appear as separate languages, e.g. Malaysian and Indonesian, Hindi and Urdu, while Serbo-Croatian is in an earlier stage of that process.
Gynoid
A gynoid, robotess or fembot is a feminine humanoid robot. The depiction of gynoids in science fiction films and artwork is a noted cultural phenomenon, with questions being posed about sexualization and use as sex objects. As the design of more realistic humanoid robots becomes technologically possible, gynoids are also emerging in real-life robotic applications.

Femininity
Femininity (also called womanliness) is a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with women and girls. Femininity can be understood as socially constructed, and there is also some evidence that some behaviors considered feminine are influenced by both cultural factors and biological factors. To what extent femininity is biologically or socially influenced is subject to debate. It is conceptually distinct from both the female biological sex and from womanhood, as all humans can exhibit feminine and masculine traits, regardless of sex and gender.

Traits traditionally cited as feminine include gracefulness, gentleness, empathy, humility, and sensitivity, though traits associated with femininity vary across societies and individuals, and are influenced by a variety of social and cultural factors.
Jennie Margaret Gheer
Jean “Jennie” Margaret Gheer  (November 13, 1846 - June 20, 1910) was an American missionary and educator. In 1879, at the age of 33, she was sent by the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church to Japan. She founded Eiwa Jo Gakko in Fukuoka in 1885, the origin of Fukuoka Jo Gakko and Fukuoka Jo Gakuin, an educational institution for girls and women that flourishes to this day.

Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church
Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church (acronym WFMS of the MEC) was one of three Methodist organizations in the United States focused on women's foreign missionary services; the two others were the WFMS of the Free Methodist Church of North America and the WFMS of the Methodist Protestant Church.

The WFMS of the MEC was founded in the Tremont Street Methodist Episcopal Church, in Boston, Massachusetts, March 1869, and incorporated under the laws of the State of New York in 1884. Its fields of operation included: Europe (Bulgaria, Italy, France); Latin America (Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Uruguay); Asia (Malaysia, China, Korea, India, Japan, The Philippines); and Africa (Algeria, Angola, Portuguese East Africa, Rhodesia, Tunis).
Joukahainen
Joukahainen (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈjou̯kɑˌhɑi̯nen]) is a figure in Finnish mythology who appears as a rival or companion of Väinämöinen. There has been debate among scholars if he should be categorized as a god, a hero, an evil being, or something else.

His name has multiple different variations in runic songs, including Jokkahas, Jompainen, Joukava, Joukkaha, Joukkahas, Joukkama, Joukamoinen, Joukavainen, Joukkahainen, Joukkavainen and Joutavoinen.

Runic song
Runic song, also referred to as Rune song, Runo song, or Kalevala song, is a form of oral poetry and national epic historically practiced among the Baltic Finnic peoples. It includes the Finnish epic poems Kalevala and Kanteletar, as well as the Estonian Kalevipoeg. Estonian and Finnish researchers suggest the term  runosong for English translation, or local terms, such as Estonian regilaul, Seto leelo or Finnish runolaulu when it is about regional tradition.
Ge (Cyrillic)
Ge, ghe, or he (Г г; italics: Г г or Г г; italics: Г г) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Most commonly, it represents the voiced velar plosive /ɡ/, like the ⟨g⟩ in "gift", or the voiced glottal fricative [ɦ], like the ⟨h⟩ in "heft". It is generally romanized using the Latin letter g or h, depending on the source language.

Voiced velar plosive
A voiced velar plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages. It is familiar to English-speakers as the "g" sound in "against".

Some languages have a voiced pre-velar plosive, which is articulated slightly more front compared with the place of articulation of the prototypical velar plosive, though not as front as the prototypical palatal plosive.

Conversely, some languages have a voiced post-velar plosive, which is articulated slightly behind the place of articulation of the prototypical velar plosive, though not as back as the prototypical uvular plosive.
Pitkern
Pitkern, also known as Pitcairn-Norfolk or Pitcairnese, is a creole spoken on Pitcairn and Norfolk islands. It is a mixture of English and Tahitian, and has been given many classifications by scholars, including cant, patois, and Atlantic creole. Although spoken on Pacific Ocean islands, it has been described as an Atlantic or semi-Atlantic creole due to the lack of connections with other English-based creoles of the Pacific. There are fewer than 50 speakers on Pitcairn Island, a number which has been steadily decreasing since 1971.

English-based creole languages
An English-based creole language (often shortened to English creole) is a creole language for which English was the lexifier, meaning that at the time of its formation the vocabulary of English served as the basis for the majority of the creole's lexicon. Most English creoles were formed in British colonies, following the great expansion of British naval military power and trade in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. The main categories of English-based creoles are Atlantic (the Americas and Africa) and Pacific (Asia and Oceania).

Over 76.5 million people globally are estimated to speak an English-based creole. Sierra Leone, Malaysia, Nigeria, Ghana, Jamaica and Singapore have the largest concentrations of creole speakers.
Rhene timidus
Rhene timidus is a species of jumping spider that is endemic to South Africa. A member of the genus Rhene, the female was first described in 2013 while the male has not been identified. It lives in savanna, forests and bushes in gardens. It is typically 5.9 mm (0.23 in) long and generally brown. The top of its abdomen is a lighter, brownish-fawn, and its spinnerets are dark. Its front legs are fatter than the others. Its copulatory organs are distinctive with spiralling ridges around its copulatory openings and broader seminal ducts than other Rhene spiders from Africa. Its epigyne, the external visible part of its copulatory organs, have delicate sclerotization, particularly the collars that surround its copulatory openings.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Hans Mattson
Hans Mattson (December 23, 1832, Önnestad – March 5, 1893) was a Swedish American politician. He served with distinction as a colonel in the American Civil War (1861–65) and in 1869 became the Minnesota Secretary of State. He later served as United States Consul General in India.

Minnesota Secretary of State
The secretary of state of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Twenty-two individuals have held the office of secretary of state since statehood. The incumbent is Steve Simon, a member of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party.
Elizabeth Cornwall Tilley
Elizabeth Roberts Cornwall Tilley (née Elizabeth Roberts Cornwall; 1914–1996) was an American astronomer known for her spectrographic study of the multiple star system 59 Serpentis. She earned her Ph.D. in astronomy from the University of Michigan in 1943. Her doctoral thesis, "A Spectrographic Study of the Triple System in 59 d Serpentis," was supervised by astronomer Dean Benjamin McLaughlin and became a foundational work in understanding this complex stellar system  and  continues to be cited in astronomical research.

Star system
A star system or stellar system is a small number of stars that orbit each other, bound by gravitational attraction. It may sometimes be used to refer to a single star. A large group of stars bound by gravitation is generally called a star cluster or galaxy, although, broadly speaking, they are also star systems. Star systems are not to be confused with planetary systems, which include planets and similar bodies (such as comets).
Abla Bensenouci
Abla Bensenouci (Arabic: عبلة بن سنوسي; born 22 December 2000) is an Algerian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Saudi club Jeddah on loan from Saudi Women's Premier League side Al Ahli SFC, and the Algeria national team.

Algeria women's national football team
The Algeria women's national football team (Arabic: منتخب الجزائر لكرة القدم للسيدات) represents Algeria in international women's football.

Algeria played its first match in 1998, against France, and lost 14–0. The team has never qualified for a World Cup. It has qualified six times for the Women's Africa Cup of Nations.

Algeria plays its home games at the Stade du 5 Juillet in Algiers and is coached by Farid Benstiti since December 2022. They are currently ranked 84th in the world in the FIFA women's rankings. The team's highest ranking was 64th, in June 2009.
Catinaria brodoana
Catinaria brodoana is a species of lichen-forming fungus in the family Ramalinaceae. It is a tiny, liverwort-dwelling species that grows on Cheilolejeunea liverworts in humid forests of the southeastern United States. The lichen has small black fruiting bodies and a thallus reduced to pale green granules that are largely hidden among the host's leaves.

Bryophilous lichen
A bryophilous lichen is one that grows on a bryophyte – that is, on a moss or liverwort. Those that grow on mosses are muscicolous lichens, while those that grow on liverworts are hepaticolous lichens. Muscicolous derives from the Latin muscus meaning moss, while the suffix colous means "living or growing in or on". Lichens are slow-growing organisms, and so are far more likely to be overgrown by a bryophyte than to overgrow one. However, they are better able to compete if the bryophyte is sickly or decaying and they can be parasitic upon them. Some, rather than overgrowing the bryophyte, instead live among its branches. Bryophilous lichens are particularly common in heathland and arctic or alpine tundra. Because many are small and inconspicuous, they are easy to overlook.
Unionville GO Station
Unionville GO Station is a train and bus station in the GO Transit network located in Markham, Ontario, Canada. It is a stop on the Stouffville line.  The station is also served by Highway 407 East Express buses, which run westbound to Highway 407 station, northbound to Mount Joy GO Station, and eastbound to Durham College Oshawa GO station.

By late May 2022, the station had acquired a second track, a turnaround track and an island platform to support future all-day, two-way service on the Stouffville line. In the future, GO trains will run every 10 minutes to Unionville and every 30 minutes to Mount Joy GO Station.

Highway 407 station
Highway 407 is a Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) subway station on Line 1 Yonge–University of the Toronto subway. It is located at the southwest quadrant of the Jane Street and Highway 407 interchange, in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada. It is one of two Toronto subway stations that are outside the City of Toronto, the other being Vaughan Metropolitan Centre station.
Ayr (clan)
Ayr (Somali: Cayr or Ceyr) is a Somali clan that is part of the larger Habar Gidir Hawiye clan. The Ayr clan is the eldest Habargidir sub-clan and is the largest Habargidir sub-clan in population. The Ayr clan have a rich history in Somali society and has played an important role in shaping Somali history and national politics. Members of the clan reside in 6 out of the total 18 regions of Somalia but are primarily found in the central region of Somalia - Galgaduud region which they hold a monopoly over and is considered their heartlands. They are considered the most powerful sub-clan in central and southern Somalia controlling important sections of the country and greatly influencing the nation's capital Mogadishu, holding the 1st mayorship position in the post-independence era. The Ayr are regarded as being very large in numbers because they are spread throughout numerous regions in Somalia and are significant to the country's political, economic, social, and military sectors.

Administrative divisions of Somalia
As Somalia is officially a federal republic, the country is divided into seven federal member states, 18 administrative regions (gobollo, singular gobol), and 72 districts. (plural degmooyin; singular degmo)
Special municipality (Taiwan)
A special municipality, historically known as a Yuan-controlled municipality, is a first-level administrative division unit in Taiwan. It is the highest level of the country's administrative structure and is equivalent to a province. After the suspension of the provincial governments of 2018, the special municipalities along with provincial cities and counties have all governed directly under the central government.

Currently total six cities are designated as special municipalities: Taipei, Taoyuan, New Taipei, Taichung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung, all located in the most densely populated regions in the western half of the island. These special municipalities encompass five most populous metropolitan areas in Taiwan, accounting for more than two-thirds of the national population.

Executive Yuan
The Executive Yuan (Chinese: 行政院; pinyin: Xíngzhèng Yuàn) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China, known commonly as Taiwan, which formerly ruled mainland China until 1949.

The Executive Yuan was founded in 1928. Under the amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.
2003 Staten Island Ferry crash
On October 15, 2003, at 3:21 p.m. EDT, the Staten Island Ferry vessel Andrew J. Barberi crashed full-speed into a concrete maintenance pier at the St. George Terminal in Upper New York Bay. Eleven people were killed and 70 injured, some critically. Pilot Richard J. Smith and New York City ferry director Patrick Ryan pleaded guilty and were jailed for seaman's manslaughter. Smith was piloting under impairment from painkillers, and Ryan failed to enforce the city rule requiring two pilots in the wheelhouse during docking.

New York Harbor
New York Harbor is a bay that covers all of the Upper Bay. It is at the mouth of the Hudson River near the East River tidal estuary on the East Coast of the United States.

New York Harbor is generally synonymous with  Upper New York Bay, which is enclosed by the New York City boroughs of Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Staten Island and the Hudson County, New Jersey, municipalities of Jersey City and Bayonne, although in colloquial usage it can sometimes expand to cover Upper and Lower New York Bay. New York Harbor is one of the largest natural harbors in the world.
Massacre (franchise)
The Massacre films are three interconnected series of slasher films executive-produced by Roger Corman: the Slumber Party Massacre series (1982–1990), the Sorority House Massacre series (1986–1990) and the Cheerleader Massacre series (2003–2011), distributed by New World Pictures and New Concorde. The series also features the standalone film Sharkansas Women's Prison Massacre (2015), and the reboot film Slumber Party Massacre (2021).

All three of the original Slumber Party Massacre films, and the first Sorority House Massacre film, were given limited theatrical releases, while Sorority House Massacre II and III, and both Cheerleader Massacre films were released direct-to-video, and the 2021 reboot released to the Syfy network. The franchise is notable for being primarily directed by women, who direct every Slumber Party Massacre film and the first Sorority House Massacre film.

Sharkansas Women's Prison Massacre
Sharkansas Women's Prison Massacre is a 2016 American science fiction action horror film directed by Jim Wynorski and starring Dominique Swain and Traci Lords. It was released direct-to-DVD in the U.S. on May 3, 2016.
Costantino Corti
Costantino Corti (1823/1824–1873) was a Milanese sculptor who exhibited at Brera and in Florence, London, and Paris. Corti was most noted for his colossal statue Lucifer. He also produced statues commemorating Federico Borromeo, Conrad of Swabia, and the astronomer Giuseppe Piazzi.

Lucifer
Lucifer is believed to be a fallen angel and the Devil in Christian theology. Lucifer is associated with the sin of pride and believed to have attempted a usurpation of God, whereafter being banished to hell.

The concept of a fallen angel attempting to overthrow the highest deity parallels Attar's attempt to overthrow Ba'al in Canaanite mythology; Attar is thrown into the underworld as a result of his failure. The story is alluded to in the Book of Isaiah and transferred to Christian beliefs, and is also used in the Vulgate (the late-4th-century Latin translation of the Bible).

As Lucifer is the antagonist of God in Christian beliefs, some sects of Satanism began to venerate him as a bringer of freedom. Other religious communities, such as the Gnostics and Freemasons, have been accused of worshipping Lucifer as their deity.
Stephanie Mills (journalist)
Stephanie Mills (b. September 11, 1948) is an American environmentalist, author and journalist. She is known for her writing about ecology and the environment, and is considered one of the leading proponents of the bioregional movement. Utne Reader declared her a visionary, saying "she's like a latter-day Madame de Staël or Mabel Dodge, Mills has been an indefatigable organizer of salons; and from the corner store to environmental conferences to far-flung outposts of environmental activism."

Utne Reader
Utne Reader (also known as Utne; /ˈʌtni/, UT-nee) is a digital digest that collects and reprints articles on politics, culture, and the environment, generally from alternative media sources including journals, newsletters, weeklies, zines, music, and DVDs.

The magazine's writers and editors contribute book, film, and music reviews and original articles that tend to focus on emerging cultural trends. The magazine's website produces ten blogs covering politics, environment, media, spirituality, science and technology, great writing, and the arts.  The publication takes its name from founder Eric Utne. Eric Utne's surname is ultimately derived from the Norwegian village of Utne, which loosely translates as "far out".
Casio Film Card calculators
Casio Film Card was a serie of credit card size ultra-slim solar powered pocket calculators produced in 1980s. Being the thinnest calculators in Casio's Slime Line serie it become electronic badge and promotional merchandise branded by banks, luxury brands, airways, railways and other companies.

ISO/IEC 7810
ISO/IEC 7810 Identification cards — Physical characteristics is an international standard that defines the physical characteristics for identification cards.

The characteristics specified include:

Physical dimensions

Resistance to bending, chemicals, temperature, and humidity

Toxicity

The standard includes test methods for resistance to heat.
Bengal Mumbai FC
Bengal Mumbai Football Club, known by its abbreviation BMFC, was an Indian professional football club based in Mumbai, Maharashtra. Founded in 1998, they have competed in the National Football League II, alongside the MDFA Elite League.

Bengal Mumbai is the second professionally founded football club in India and the first in Mumbai. The team was dissolved in 2011.

Mumbai Football League
The Mumbai Football League, also known as the Harwood League, is organised by the Mumbai Football Association (MFA), as a ladder-based competition involving a total of five divisions and over 300 teams. It is the top football league in Mumbai and the second-oldest football league in Asia after Calcutta Football League.

The league was named after colonel Harwood who founded the Bombay Football Association and became first president.
2019 Nigerian Senate elections in Ekiti State
The 2019 Nigerian Senate election in Ekiti State held on February 23, 2019, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Ekiti State. Michael Opeyemi Bamidele representing Ekiti Central, Adetumbi Olubunmi representing Ekiti North and Adebayo Clement Adeyeye representing Ekiti South all won on the platform of All Progressives Congress; however, Adeyeye's win was later overturned, and the seat awarded to PDP incumbent Abiodun Olujimi.

Michael Opeyemi Bamidele
Michael Opeyemi Bamidele CON (born 29 July 1963) popularly known as MOB, is a Nigerian lawyer, human right activist, and politician who is currently serving as the majority leader of the Nigerian Senate since 2023. He has represented Ekiti Central senatorial district in the Nigerian Senate since 2019.