hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ukraine–Vietnam relations
Ukraine–Vietnam relations are the bilateral relations between Ukraine and Vietnam. Vietnam recognized Ukraine's independence from the Soviet Union on 27 December 1991. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 23 January 1992. The embassy of Vietnam in Ukraine started its operations in 1993, and the embassy of Ukraine in Vietnam was opened in 1997.

Declaration of Independence of Ukraine
The Act of Declaration of Independence of Ukraine was adopted by the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR (Verkhovna Rada) on 24 August 1991.

The Act reestablished Ukraine's state independence from the Soviet Union. The declaration was affirmed by a majority of Ukrainians in all regions of Ukraine by an independence referendum on 1 December, followed by international recognition starting on the following day. Ukrainian independence led to the dissolution of the Soviet Union by 26 December 1991.
Shia Islam in Yemen
Shia Islam in Yemen is practiced by a substantial minority of the population, with the vast majority of Shia Muslims in Yemen being Zaydi, while a minority are Twelver and Isma'ili. Sunni Muslims make up 65% percent of Yemen, while 35% of the country are Shia Muslims. These Shia Muslims are predominantly concentrated in the northwestern regions of the country, including the capital and major cities that are some of the most densely populated areas of Yemen.

Historically, the Zaydi Muslims ruled Yemen for a thousand years until 1962. During this time, they fiercely defended their independence, resisting foreign powers such as the Umayyads, Egypt, and the Ottomans, who aimed to control Lower Yemen and expand their rule northward. The Zaydi branch of Islam, known as the Fivers, is a sect almost exclusively prevalent in Yemen, making it a distinctive feature of the religion in Yemen.

Zaydism
Zaydism (Arabic: الزَّيْدِيَّة, romanized: az-Zaydiyya), also referred to as Fiver Shi'ism, is a branch of Shia Islam that emerged in the eighth century following Zayd ibn Ali's unsuccessful rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate. Zaydism is one of the three main branches of Shi'ism, the other two being Twelverism and Ismailism.

Zaydism is typically considered the Shia branch that is closest to Sunni Islam, although the "classical" form of Zaydism (usually referred to as Hadawi) historically changed its stance on Sunni and Shia traditions multiple times, to the point where Zaydis' simply accepting Ali as a rightful successor to Muhammad was enough to consider them Shia.

Zaydis regard rationalism as more important than Quranic literalism and historically were quite tolerant towards Shafi'i Sunnism, the jurisprudential school of about half of the Yemenis. Most of the world's Zaydis are located in northwestern Yemen and Najran in Saudi Arabia.
JUDGES Act of 2024
The Judicial Understaffing Delays Getting Emergencies Solved (JUDGES) Act of 2024 was a legislative proposal aimed at expanding the Federal judiciary of the United States to address increasing caseloads and judicial backlogs. The bill sought to create 66 new federal district judgeships across 25 district courts in 13 states, including California, Florida, and Texas, with the additions phased in over several years through 2035.

The bill passed in Congress with a vote of 236–173, which represented the first attempt at a major expansion of the judiciary in 30 years, although Senators Dick Durbin and Jerry Nadler accused Republicans of suspicious timing in the introduction of the bill.

District court
District courts are a category of courts which exists in several nations. Sometimes they are called "small case courts" because they are usually at the lowest level of the hierarchy.

These courts generally work under a higher court which exercises control over the lower court and supervises it.
Hennie van Heerden
Hendrik Johannes Otto van Heerden (28 April 1931 - c. 2007) was a South African judge who was the first Deputy Chief Justice of South Africa from 1997 to 2000. Formerly an advocate and silk in Bloemfontein, he joined the bench in the Free State Provincial Division in 1978 and was promoted to the Appellate Division in 1982. He was Acting Chief Justice of South Africa in 2000.

Supreme Court of Appeal (South Africa)
The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA), formerly known as the Appellate Division, is the second-highest court of appeal in South Africa below the Constitutional Court. The country's apex court from 1910 to 1994, it no longer holds that position, having been displaced in constitutional matters by the Constitutional Court in 1994, and in all matters by 2013. It is located in Bloemfontein. Bloemfontein is often seen as, and has been traditionally referred to as, the "judicial capital" of South Africa because of the court, although the Constitutional Court is based in Johannesburg.
Cannery Workers and Farm Laborers Union, Local 7
The Cannery Workers and Farm Laborers Union, Local 7 was the first Filipino-led union in the United States. Founded in 1933 as the Cannery Workers and Farm Laborers Union, Local 18257 of the American Federation of Labor (AFL), it represented Alaska salmon cannery workers and farm workers.

In 1937, the union became Cannery Workers and Farm Laborers Union, Local 7 of the United Cannery, Agricultural, Packing, and Allied Workers of America. In 1945, Local 7 became affiliated with the Food, Tobacco, Agricultural, and Allied Workers. In 1951 the union became Local 37 of International Longshore and Warehouse Union, and around 1987 it became Region 37 of IBU/ILWU. The cannery worker membership was majority Filipino American historically, but it also included a number of other nonwhite workers.

United Cannery, Agricultural, Packing, and Allied Workers of America
The United Cannery, Agricultural, Packing, and Allied Workers of America (UCAPAWA) was a labor union formed in 1937 under the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). Established in Denver, Colorado, the union sought to address the concerns of those working in the agricultural industry during the Great Depression. Membership consisted of Mexican, black, Asian, and white food processing workers. It was one of the first unions to allow women to hold high-ranking positions. The intention was to build a national, decentralized labor organization with power flowing from the bottom up. Although it was short-lived, the UCAPAWA influenced the lives of many workers and had a major impact for both women and minority workers in the union.

In 1944, the UCAPAWA changed its name to Food, Tobacco, Agricultural, and Allied Workers (FTA) and moved its headquarters to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Edmund Wragge
Edmund Wragge MICE (1837 – 26 November 1929) was a British-born and trained engineer who constructed the first common-carrier narrow gauge railways in North America. He was invited back to Britain in 1897 to engineer the difficult approaches of the Great Central Railway to a new terminus at London (Marylebone).

Marylebone
Marylebone (usually /ˈmɑːrlɪbən/ MAR-lib-ən, also /ˈmærɪ(lə)bən/ MARR-il-ə-bən, MARR-ib-ən) is an area in London, England, and is located in the City of Westminster. It is in Central London and part of the West End. Oxford Street forms its southern boundary.

An ancient parish and latterly a metropolitan borough, it merged with the boroughs of Westminster and Paddington to form the new City of Westminster in 1965.

Marylebone station lies two miles north-west of Charing Cross.

The area is also served by numerous tube stations: Baker Street, Bond Street, Edgware Road (Bakerloo line), Edgware Road (Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines), Great Portland Street, Marble Arch, Marylebone, Oxford Circus, and Regent's Park.
Jet airliner
A jet airliner or jetliner is an airliner powered by jet engines (passenger jet aircraft). Airliners usually have two or four jet engines; three-engined designs were popular in the 1970s but became less common after the 1970s. Airliners are commonly classified as either the large wide-body aircraft, medium narrow-body aircraft and smaller regional jet.

Most airliners are powered by jet engines, because they are capable of safely operating at high speeds and generate sufficient thrust to power large-capacity aircraft. The first jetliners, introduced in the 1950s, used the simpler turbojet engine; these were quickly supplanted by designs using turbofans, which are quieter and more fuel-efficient.

Twinjet
A twinjet or twin-engine jet is a jet aircraft powered by two engines. A twinjet is able to fly well enough to land with a single working engine, making it safer than a single-engine aircraft in the event of an engine failure. Fuel efficiency of a twinjet is better than that of aircraft with more engines. These considerations have led to the widespread use of aircraft of all types with twin engines, including airliners, fixed-wing military aircraft, and others.
2024–25 Miami RedHawks women's basketball team
The 2024–25 Miami RedHawks women's basketball team represented Miami University during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The RedHawks, led by second-year head coach Glenn Box, played their home games at Millett Hall in Oxford, Ohio as members of the Mid-American Conference (MAC).

The RedHawks finished the season 19–12, 11–7 in MAC play, to finish in a tie for fifth place.

2024–25 Mid-American Conference women's basketball season
The 2024–25 Mid-American Conference women's basketball season was the season for Mid-American Conference women's basketball teams. It began with practices in October 2024, followed by the start of the 2024–25 NCAA Division I women's basketball season in November. Conference play began in January 2025 and concluded in March 2025. The 2025 MAC tournament was held at Rocket Arena in Cleveland, Ohio for the 25th consecutive season. This was the conference's last season with 12 members as it will see its first change in membership since 2005 with the addition of UMass.

Ball State won the regular season championship with a 15–2 record Ally Becki of Ball State won player of the year. In the 2025 MAC women's basketball tournament, Ball State defeated Western Michigan, Kent State, and Toledo to win their second MAC tournament title, and first since 2009, to advance to the 2024 NCAA tournament. Ally Becki was the tournament MVP.
Neurocordulia molesta
Neurocordulia molesta, known generally as the smoky shadowdragon or Apalachicola shadowfly, is a species of emerald dragonfly in the family Corduliidae. It is found in North America.

The IUCN conservation status of Neurocordulia molesta is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival.

Corduliidae
Corduliidae, also knowns as the emeralds, emerald dragonflies, or green-eyed skimmers, is a family of dragonflies. These dragonflies are usually black or dark brown with areas of metallic green or yellow, and most of them have large, emerald-green eyes. The larvae are black, hairy-looking, and usually semiaquatic. This family include species called "baskettails", "emeralds", "sundragons", "shadowdragons", and "boghaunters". They are not uncommon and are found nearly worldwide, but some individual species are quite rare. Hine's emerald dragonfly (Somatochlora hineana), for example, is an endangered species in the United States.

Corduliidae are known to occasionally take quantities of their eggs at the tip of their stomach, before then sticking their eggs in mud or water using a sprout-like appendage that extends from their abdomens.
Fabio Scherer
Fabio Luca Scherer (born 13 June 1999) is a racing driver from Switzerland, currently competing in the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters for HRT Ford Performance.

Scherer started his single-seater career in 2016, staying in Formula 4 series for two seasons. In 2018 he moved to 2018 FIA Formula 3 European Championship, racing for Motopark Academy. Scherer then competed for Charouz Racing System in the new FIA Formula 3 Championship for 2019.

Since 2021, Scherer competes in the endurance racing, taking on the FIA World Endurance Championship including 24 Hours of Le Mans, European Le Mans Series and IMSA SportsCar Championship.

Haupt Racing Team
The Haupt Racing Team (short: HRT) is a German auto racing team founded in 2020 by Hubert Haupt. It currently functions as the official Ford Performance Team in Europe. HRT competes in DTM, ADAC GT Masters, GT World Challenge Europe and NLS. Over the last couple of years, HRT has accumulated lots of success including a DTM Driver's Championship, an ADAC GT Masters title and titles in the GTWC Europe.
House of Switzerland
The House of Switzerland is the official guesthouse of the Swiss Confederation, which is built, furnished and operated for the duration of the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games. It is the official meeting point of the Swiss Olympic Team and the venue for the official medal celebrations of the Swiss medalists.

The House of Switzerland is one of the few Houses of Nations at the Olympic Games that is open to the public.

Swiss Olympic Association
The Swiss Olympic Association (IOC Code: SUI) is the National Olympic Committee and the umbrella organisation for organised Swiss sport under private law. It has 104 members (81 national sports federations and 23 partner organisations), to which some two million people belong, practising sports in about 19,000 clubs. Swiss Olympic has its headquarters in the House of Sports in Ittigen near Bern. Swiss Olympic represents Olympic as well as non-Olympic sports and is a non-profit organisation. The big sports federations are divided into regional and cantonal associations. Former Federal Councillor Ruth Metzler has been President since January 2025. Roger Schnegg has been Director since January 2012.
Oleksiy Byelik
Oleksiy Hryhorovych Byelik (Ukrainian: Олексій Григорович Бєлік; born 15 February 1981) is a Ukrainian former professional footballer who played as a forward. He played for the Ukraine national team, and appeared on the main squad for the 2006 FIFA World Cup. Also with three goals scored, Byelik was a leading scorer for the Ukraine U-20 team at the 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship. He was also on the Ukraine U18 squad at final of the 2000 UEFA European Under-18 Championship.

2000 UEFA European Under-18 Championship
The 2000 UEFA European Under-18 Championship was held in Germany. Players born on or after 1 January 1981, were eligible to participate in this competition. The tournament also served as the European qualification for the 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship.
Joe Ruby
Joseph Clemens Ruby (March 30, 1933 – August 26, 2020) was an American animator, writer, television producer, and music editor. He was best known as a co-creator of the animated Scooby-Doo franchise, together with Ken Spears. In 1977, they co-founded the television animation production company Ruby-Spears Productions. Ruby would work with Spears and would co-create several other shows including, Fangface, Dynomutt, Dog Wonder, and Jabberjaw among others.

Ruby met Spears in 1959 at Hanna-Barbera, when the studio was being interviewed by Life Magazine. The two would start working together on animated shows. Before Ruby founded Ruby-Spears, he worked at several studios, including Walt Disney Animation Studios, Hanna-Barbera, DePatie–Freleng Enterprises, and with Sid and Marty Krofft.

In 1996, the Ruby-Spears studio closed, and Ruby would keep working with Spears until his retirement in 2002.

Ruby died on August 26, 2020. He was 87 years old.

Sid and Marty Krofft
Sid Krofft (born July 30, 1929) and Marty Krofft (April 9, 1937 – November 25, 2023), known as The Krofft Brothers and born as Cydus and Moshopopoulos Yolas, were a Canadian sibling team of television creators, writers and puppeteers. Through their production company, Sid & Marty Krofft Pictures, they made numerous children's television and variety show programs in the U.S., particularly in the 1970s, including H.R. Pufnstuf, Land of the Lost, and Sigmund and the Sea Monsters. Their fantasy programs often featured large-headed puppets, high-concept plots, and extensive use of low-budget special effects.
Thoracentesis
Thoracentesis /ˌθɔːrəsɪnˈtiːsɪs/, also known as thoracocentesis (from Greek  θώραξ (thōrax, GEN thōrakos) 'chest, thorax' and  κέντησις (kentēsis) 'pricking, puncture'), pleural tap, needle thoracostomy, or needle decompression (often used term), is an invasive medical procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. A cannula, or hollow needle, is carefully introduced into the thorax, generally after administration of local anesthesia. The procedure was first performed by Morrill Wyman in 1850 and then described by Henry Ingersoll Bowditch in 1852.

The recommended location varies depending upon the source. Some sources recommend the midaxillary line, in the eighth, ninth, or tenth intercostal space. Whenever possible, the procedure should be performed under ultrasound guidance, which has shown to reduce complications.

Pleural cavity
The pleural cavity, or pleural space (or sometimes intrapleural space), is the potential space between the pleurae of the pleural sac that surrounds each lung. A small amount of serous pleural fluid is maintained in the pleural cavity to enable lubrication between the membranes, and also to create a pressure gradient.

The serous membrane that covers the surface of the lung is the visceral pleura and is separated from the outer membrane, the parietal pleura, by just the film of pleural fluid in the pleural cavity. The visceral pleura follows the fissures of the lung and the root of the lung structures. The parietal pleura is attached to the mediastinum, the upper surface of the diaphragm, and to the inside of the ribcage.
Eritrean Catholic Eparchy of Keren
The Eritrean Catholic Eparchy of Keren (Latin: Eparchia Kerensis) is a Roman Catholic eparchy centred in the city of Keren in Eritrea. It is a suffragan of the Archeparchy of Asmara, and a constituent eparchy of the Eritrean Catholic Church.

Suffragan diocese
A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Episcopal Church, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, and the Romanian Orthodox Church.

In the Catholic Church, although such a diocese is governed by its own bishop or ordinary, who is the suffragan bishop, the metropolitan archbishop has in its regard certain rights and duties of oversight. He has no power of governance within a suffragan diocese, but has some limited rights and duties to intervene in cases of neglect by the authorities of the diocese itself.
Mireia Belmonte
Mireia Belmonte García (born 10 November 1990) is a Spanish Olympic, world, and European champion swimmer. She is the former world record holder in the short course 200 metre butterfly, 400 metre individual medley, 400 metre freestyle, 800 metre freestyle, and 1500 metre freestyle. She was the first Spanish woman to win a gold medal in swimming at an Olympic Games and is widely considered to be the greatest Spanish swimmer of all time.

At the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro she became Olympic champion in the 200-metre butterfly, and also won the bronze medal in the 400-metre individual medley. She previously competed at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, where she debuted at 17 years old, and at 2012 London, where she won two silver medals, one in the 200 metre butterfly with a time of 2:05.25 and one in the 800-metre freestyle with a time of 8:18.76.

World record progression 400 metres freestyle
The first world record in the men's 400 metres freestyle in long course (50 metres) swimming was recognised by FINA (now World Aquatics) in 1908. In the short course (25 metres) swimming events the world's governing body recognizes world records since 3 March 1991.

The drop in world record times in 2008–2009 coincided with the introduction of polyurethane suits from Speedo (LZR, 50% polyurethane) in 2008 and by Arena (X-Glide), Adidas (Hydrofoil) and Italian swimming suit manufacturer Jaked (all 100% polyurethane) in 2009.  FINA's ban on non-textile suit came into effect in January 2010. FINA also released a list of approved suits.
Alpha cell
Alpha cells (α-cells) are endocrine cells that are found in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Alpha cells secrete the peptide hormone glucagon in order to increase glucose levels in the blood stream.

Beta cell
Beta cells (β-cells) are specialized endocrine cells located within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans responsible for the production and release of insulin and amylin. Constituting ~50–70% of cells in human islets, beta cells play a vital role in maintaining blood glucose levels. Problems with beta cells can lead to disorders such as diabetes.
Media in Missoula, Montana
Since its incorporation in 1885, Missoula, Montana has been one of the primary media markets in the state of Montana, beginning with the weekly newspaper the Missoula and Cedar Creek Pioneer. The Missoula single-broadcast over-air television media market has been the largest in Montana (#166 nationally) since 2002.  Though Billings is the largest city in Montana, Missoula's single-broadcast over-air television media market includes Missoula, Ravalli, Granite, Mineral, Lake, Flathead, and Sanders and serves over 113,000 television homes (2011). Missoula is also home to the state's third largest daily newspaper, the Missoulian, and the state's largest alternative weekly, the Missoula Independent.

Ravalli County, Montana
Ravalli County is a county in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,174. Its county seat is Hamilton.

Ravalli County is part of a north–south mountain valley bordered by the Sapphire Mountains on the East and the Bitterroot Mountains on the West. It is often referred to as the Bitterroot Valley, which is named for the Bitterroot Flower. The county is on the Pacific Ocean side of the Continental Divide, which follows the Idaho-Montana border from Wyoming until Ravalli County. Here, it turns east into Montana, between Chief Joseph Pass and Lost Trail Pass, and follows the Ravalli County-Beaverhead County border.
Jesús Gallardo
Jesús Daniel Gallardo Vasconcelos (born 15 August 1994) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a left-back or left-winger for Liga MX club Toluca and the Mexico national team.

After passing through the youth academies of Once Hermanos, Jaguares de la 48, and UNAM, Gallardo made his debut for the senior UNAM team in 2014. Scoring 11 goals in 82 appearances, he departed the club for Monterrey in 2018. During his tenure with Los Rayados, Gallardo won one league title, one Copa MX title, and two CONCACAF Champions Cup titles, while making over 200 appearances and scoring 21 goals for the club. Since joining Toluca in 2024, Gallardo has won one league title.

Gallardo made his debut for Mexico in October 2016 in a friendly against New Zealand. He was part of Mexico's squads at the 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup. He was also involved in the squads that won the 2019, 2023, and 2025 CONCACAF Gold Cup, as well as the 2024–25 CONCACAF Nations League.

2024–25 CONCACAF Nations League
The 2024–25 CONCACAF Nations League was the fourth season of the CONCACAF Nations League, an international association football competition involving the men's national teams of the 41 member associations of CONCACAF. The competition began with the group stage in September 2024, and concluded with the Nations League Finals in March 2025. The Nations League also served as qualification for the 2025 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

The three-time defending champions United States were eliminated by Panama in the semi-finals. Mexico won their first title after defeating Panama in the final.