hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rock Road massacre
The Rock Road massacre, also known as the Farwell murders or Clare County murders, was a 1982 mass murder in which seven members of the George W. Post family, four adults and three children, were killed with a shotgun and a handgun at a farmhouse on Rock Road in Garfield Township just west of Farwell, Michigan, United States.

Robert Lee Haggart, a 32-year-old livestock auctioneer, was convicted of the murders. The murders occurred on the day before a court hearing to finalize Haggart's divorce from one of the victims, Garnetta (Ronning) Haggart.

In December 1982, the Associated Press (AP) included the Post family murders at No. 3 on its list of the most important news stories in Michigan during 1982. As of 2026, the massacre still ranked as the third-largest mass murder in Michigan history, after the 1927 Bath School disaster and the 1971 Hazelwood massacre.

Hazelwood massacre
The Hazelwood massacre was a mass murder that occurred on June 14, 1971, in which eight people were shot and killed in a house on Hazelwood Street in Detroit, Michigan. It is the largest mass murder in Detroit's history.

Police believed that one of the victims, heroin dealer and pimp Robert Gardner, was the target and that the others were killed to avoid leaving witnesses. Police further believed that Gardner had robbed two Toronto drug dealers while they were visiting Detroit in March 1971 and that the Toronto dealers took out a hit on Gardner in revenge. It remains officially unsolved.
World Vision United States
World Vision United States is a member and founding organization of World Vision International. Founded in the United States in 1950, it is an evangelical relief and development organization. It is  one of the largest relief and development organizations in the US with a 1.6 billion dollar budget (2007).

World Vision International
World Vision International is an interdenominational Christian humanitarian aid, development, and advocacy organization. It was founded in 1950 by Robert Pierce and Kyung-Chik Han as a service organization to provide care for children in Korea. In 1975, emergency and advocacy work was added to World Vision's objectives. It is active in over 100 countries with a total revenue including grants, product and foreign donations of US$3.14 billion.
University System of Taiwan
The University System of Taiwan (UST; Chinese: 台灣聯合大學系統; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân Liân-ha̍p Tāi-ha̍k Hē-thóng; lit. 'Taiwan United University System') is a university alliance in Taiwan. The alliance was officially established in 2008 with the approval from the Ministry of Education. There are 4 member institutions in the alliance: National Tsing Hua University, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, National Cheng Chi University, and National Central University.

University alliances in Taiwan
There are several major university alliances in Taiwan, mostly organized in 2002, intentionally modelled after other university systems. The key steps in such integration may include pooling of resources such as libraries and some co-ordinated budgeting.
DJ Hurricane
Wendell Timothy Fite, also known as DJ Hurricane (born January 12, 1965) is an American hip hop DJ, producer and rapper. He is best known for his work with the Beastie Boys. He was a member of the groups Solo Sounds and the Afros and recorded three solo albums, featuring many well-known artists such as Xzibit, Public Enemy, Kool G Rap, Black Thought, Papoose and Talib Kweli.

Talib Kweli
Talib Kweli Greene (/tæˈlɪb kwɑːˈliː/; born October 3, 1975) is an American rapper. He is one half of the hip-hop duo Black Star, which he formed in 1997 with fellow Brooklyn rapper Mos Def. Their 1998 single, "Definition", entered the Billboard Hot 100 and preceded their eponymous debut album (1998), which entered the Billboard 200. The duo then began pursuing solo careers, although one further Black Star album — No Fear of Time (2022) — has been released.

In 2011, Kweli founded his own record label, Javotti Media.
Slepian function
Slepian functions are a class of spatio-spectrally concentrated functions that form an orthogonal basis for bandlimited or spacelimited spaces. That is, they are concentrated in space or time while spectrally bandlimited, or concentrated in spectral band while space- or time-limited. They are widely used as basis functions for  constructive approximation and in linear inverse problems, and as apodization tapers or window functions in quadratic problems of spectral density estimation.

Slepian function constructions exist in discrete (regular and irregular) and continuous varieties, in one, two, and three dimensions, in Cartesian and spherical geometry, on surfaces and in volumes, on graphs, and in scalar, vector, and tensor forms.

Spectral density estimation
In statistical signal processing, the goal of spectral density estimation (SDE) or simply spectral estimation is to estimate the spectral density (also known as the power spectral density) of a signal from a sequence of time samples of the signal. Intuitively speaking, the spectral density characterizes the frequency content of the signal. One purpose of estimating the spectral density is to detect any periodicities in the data, by observing peaks at the frequencies corresponding to these periodicities.

Some SDE techniques assume that a signal is composed of a limited (usually small) number of generating frequencies plus noise and seek to find the location and intensity of the generated frequencies.  Others make no assumption on the number of components and seek to estimate the whole generating spectrum.
Jens Kindervater
Jens Kindervater (born July 13, 1974) is a German electronic dance music DJ and producer. He is particularly known for the "Michael Mind Project", which he founded together with Francois Sanders in 2007 as "Michael Mind" and renamed in 2010.

Michael Mind Project
The Michael Mind Project (MMP) is a German house DJ and music production duo consisting of Jens Kindervater and Frank Bülles. Formed in 2007 under the name Michael Mind, it changed to its current name in 2009 to avoid confusion and emphasize the fictional nature of the name.
Xerocomellus
Xerocomellus is a genus of fungi in the family Boletaceae. The genus, as it was described in 2008, contained 12 species.  However X. rubellus and X. engelii  were transferred to the new genus Hortiboletus and X. armeniacus was transferred to the new genus Rheubarbariboletus in 2015. Molecular analysis supports the distinction of Xerocomellus species from Boletus and Xerocomus, within which these species were formerly contained.  Xerocomellus in fact is only distantly related to Xerocomus and is most closely related to Tylopilus, Boletus sensu stricto, Porphyrellus, Strobilomyces, and Xanthoconium.

Hortiboletus rubellus
Hortiboletus rubellus, commonly known as the ruby bolete, is a small, dainty, brightly coloured member of the family Boletaceae, with a reddish cap and stipe, and yellow pores. Like many boletes, it stains blue when cut or bruised. It is found in deciduous woodland in autumn. There is some question over its edibility, and it is reportedly of poor quality with a taste of soap. Until 2015, the species was known as Boletus rubellus.
Politics of Montenegro
The Politics of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Politika Crne Gore / Политика Црне Горе) takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Montenegro is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Montenegro. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Montenegro a "flawed democracy" in 2022.

Parliament of Montenegro
The Parliament of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Skupština Crne Gore / Скупштина Црне Горе) is the unicameral legislature of Montenegro. The Parliament currently has 81 members, with each member elected to a four-year term. Following the 2006 independence referendum, the Parliament declared and ratified the independence of Montenegro on 3 June 2006. Members of the Parliament are elected using proportional representation.
Selaginella willdenowii
Selaginella willdenowii is a species of vascular plant in the Selaginellaceae family. It is a spikemoss known by the common names Willdenow's spikemoss and peacock fern (a name shared with S. Uncinata) due to its iridescent blue leaves. Like other Selaginallales, it is fern ally and not a true fern.

Selaginella willdenowii is sometimes spelt incorrectly as Selaginella willdenovii.

Selaginella uncinata
Selaginella uncinata, the blue spikemoss, peacock fern, peacock spikemoss, rainbow moss, or spring blue spikemoss, is a species of plant in the Selaginellaceae family.

It is widely cultivated outdoors along the Gulf Coast of the United States and in greenhouses and nurseries. It is a native of southern China and is closely allied to Selaginella delicatula (Desvaux ex Poiret) Alston, also in part from China.
5-EAPB
5-EAPB, also known as 5-(2-(ethylamino)propyl)benzofuran, is a potentially entactogenic amphetamine and benzofuran which is structurally related to 5-MAPB and 5-APB. It might be predicted to show similar effects to these drugs in humans, but the pharmacology of 5-EAPB remains unstudied as of 2020.

5-EAPB is similar in structure to compounds such as 5-APB which are claimed to be agonists of the 5-HT2C receptor as well as a triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor, however 5-EAPB is not listed as an example in this patent, and it is not yet established to what extent the activity of 5-EAPB resembles that of 5-APB.

5-APB
5-APB, also known as 5-(2-aminopropyl)benzofuran, is an entactogen of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and benzofuran families. 5-APB and related drugs have sometimes been informally called "Benzofury".

5-APB was first described in the scientific literature in 2000 and emerged as a novel designer drug in 2010.
1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system
The Tri-Service aircraft designation system is a unified system introduced in 1962 by the United States Department of Defense for designating all U.S. military aircraft. Previously, the U.S. armed services used separate nomenclature systems.

Under the tri-service designation system, officially introduced on 18 September 1962, almost all aircraft receive a unified designation, whether they are operated by the United States Air Force (USAF), United States Navy (USN), United States Marine Corps (USMC), United States Army (USA), United States Space Force (USSF), or United States Coast Guard (USCG). Experimental aircraft operated by manufacturers or by NASA are also often assigned designations from the X-series of the tri-service system.

The 1962 system was based on the one used by the USAF between 1948 and 1962, which was in turn based on the type, model, series USAAS/USAAC/USAAF system used from 1924 to 1948.  The 1962 system has been modified and updated since introduction.

United States military aircraft designation systems
Multiple designation systems have been used to specify United States military aircraft. The first system was introduced in 1911 by the United States Navy, but was discontinued six years later; the first system similar to that used today was designed in 1919 when the US Army's Aeronautical Division became the United States Army Air Service. Before this, aircraft were put into service under their manufacturers' designations.
Granular Linux
Granular, or Granular Linux, was a Linux distribution targeted at the common desktop users. Granular was based on PCLinuxOS and came as an installable live CD. The CD version of Granular featured two desktop environments – KDE and a development version of Enlightenment. Where KDE is a full-featured desktop environment, Enlightenment is a lightweight desktop shell which is markedly faster than KDE.

PCLinuxOS
PCLinuxOS, often shortened to PCLOS, is a rolling-release Linux distribution for x86-64 computers, with KDE Plasma, MATE, and XFCE as its default user interfaces. It is a primarily FOSS operating system for personal computers aimed at ease of use.
Ai Mori
Ai Mori (森 秋彩, Mori Ai; born September 17, 2003) is a Japanese professional rock climber who specializes in competition lead climbing and competition bouldering.

At the 2019 IFSC Climbing World Championships, Mori became the youngest Japanese athlete to finish in a podium place in the competition, third in lead. She has won Japan Cup titles in both bouldering and lead disciplines and has multiple IFSC Climbing World Cup podium finishes, including three gold medals in World Cup events in the 2022 season. At the 2023 IFSC Climbing World Championships, Mori won the gold medal in lead, becoming the first Japanese athlete to win a World Championships lead title.

IFSC Climbing World Cup
The IFSC Climbing World Cup is a series of competition climbing events held during the year at various locations around the world, organized by the International Federation of Sport Climbing (IFSC). At each event, the athletes compete in three disciplines: lead, bouldering, and speed. The number of events varies from year to year, and the winners for each discipline are decided by the points accumulated in the year.

The first World Cup was held in 1989 and included only lead competition climbing events. Speed climbing was introduced in 1998, and bouldering in 1999. For 18 seasons, from 1989 to 2006, World Cups were held under the auspices of the International Council for Competition Climbing which was part of the UIAA; they were called UIAA Climbing World Cups. Since 2007, they have been held under the auspices of the IFSC.
Alan Myers (drummer)
Alan Charles Myers (December 29, 1954 – June 24, 2013) was an American rock drummer whose music career spanned more than 30 years. He came to prominence in the late 1970s as the third and most prominent drummer of the new wave band Devo, replacing Jim Mothersbaugh.

Jim Mothersbaugh
James Michael Mothersbaugh (/ˈmʌðərzbɔː/; born January 18, 1954) is an American electronic engineer and former musician. He was the second drummer of the new wave band Devo, replacing Rod Reisman who played for only one show. Mothersbaugh joined Devo with his older brothers, Mark and Bob. He was in the band from 1973 to 1976.

Mothersbaugh appears on several early Devo demos. Later on, he performed as an equipment technician for the band on the 1980 tour, and worked at Roland through much of the 1980s helping to develop MIDI technology.
Din Mohammad
Hajji Din Mohammad also known as Azizullah Din Mohammad is a politician in Afghanistan who served as the Governor of Nangarhar Province and later Governor of Kabul Province. He is currently the Chairman of Peace and Development Islamic Party. He has been involved in the peace and reconciliation process between the Afghan Government and the Taliban and is currently the  deputy of High Council for National Reconciliation. Haji Din Mohammad comes from a distinguished Pashtun "Arsala" family. The Arsala family is part of the Jabar Khel (a subtribe of the land-owning Ahmadzai tribe). He is the elder brother of late Hajji Abdul Qadir and Abdul Haq. His great-grandfather, Wazir Arsala Khan, served as Foreign Minister of Afghanistan in 1869. One of Arsala Khan's descendants, Taj Mohammad Khan, was a general at the Battle of Maiwand. Another descendant, Abdul Jabbar Khan, was Afghanistan’s first Ambassador to Russia.

Haji Abdul Qadeer
Hajji Abdul Qadeer (Pashto: حاجی عبدالقدیر; c. 1951 – 6 July 2002) was an Afghan politician and prominent Northern Alliance leader who fought the Taliban during the Third Afghan Civil War. Originally a commander of the Hezb-i Islami Khalis faction during the Soviet–Afghan War, he then served as governor of Nangarhar Province, the head of the Eastern Afghanistan Shura, and later Vice President of Afghanistan and Minister of Public Works in the administration of Hamid Karzai from 19 June 2002 until his assassination on 6 July 2002. He was the older brother of fellow anti-Soviet and Northern Alliance commander Abdul Haq, who was assassinated in late 2001 by the Taliban.
Myosotis macrantha
Myosotis macrantha or the Bronze Forget-Me-Not is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species as Exarrhena macrantha in 1864, and Thomas Cheeseman transferred it to the genus Myosotis in 1885. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and yellow to dark purple corollas with stamens that are exserted.

Myosotis
Myosotis (/ˌmaɪəˈsoʊtɪs/ MY-ə-SOH-tiss) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae.  In the Northern Hemisphere, they are colloquially known as forget-me-nots or scorpion grasses. The forget-me-not is the official flower of Alaska and Dalsland, Sweden.

The name comes from the Ancient Greek μυοσωτίς "mouse's ear", which the foliage is thought to resemble. Plants of the genus are not to be confused with the related genus Myosotidium and its sole species Myosotidium hortensia found in the  Chatham Islands.
CPTM Series 9000
The CPTM Series 9000 is a class of electric multiple units operating on CPTM Line 11-Coral, later on Line 13-Jade and currently on Line 12-Sapphire. It was built by Alstom on 2012, but began operating on 2014. Each composition was built based on a new pattern adopted by CPTM for the system's units, with air conditioning, 8 cars and free gangway, allowing access to all of the cars.

Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos
The Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos (CPTM) (lit. 'São Paulo Metropolitan Trains Company') is one of the rapid transit companies serving the city of São Paulo, alongside the São Paulo Metro, ViaQuatro and ViaMobilidade, all four forming the largest metropolitan rail transport network of Latin America. It was created on 28 May 1992, from several railroads that already existed in Greater São Paulo, Brazil.

Part of the Greater São Paulo rail system, the CPTM currently operates 57 stations in five lines, with a total length of 199 kilometres (124 mi). The system carries about 2 million passengers a day. On 7 December 2018, CPTM set a weekday ridership record with 3,221,035 trips.
Tim Steele (footballer)
Timothy Wesley Steele (born 1 December 1967) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Bradford City, Exeter City, Hereford United, Shrewsbury Town, Stoke City and Wolverhampton Wanderers.

Steele began his career with Shrewsbury Town where he spent four years before moving to Wolverhampton Wanderers. He helped Wolves gain promotion in 1988–89 before he lost his place in the side to Andy Thompson. He joined Stoke City on loan in 1991–92 before leaving for Bradford City permanently in the summer of 1993. He then played for Hereford United and Exeter City.

Andy Thompson (footballer, born 1967)
Andrew Richard Thompson (born 9 November 1967 in Featherstone, Staffordshire) is an English former footballer, most associated with Wolverhampton Wanderers.

He was inducted into the Wolverhampton Wanderers Hall of Fame in 2017.
Brendon Hartley
Brendon Morris Hartley (born 10 November 1989) is a New Zealand racing driver, who competes in the FIA World Endurance Championship for Toyota. Hartley competed in Formula One from 2017 to 2018. In endurance racing, Hartley has won a joint-record four FIA World Endurance Championship titles—tied with Sébastien Buemi—and is a three-time winner of the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

Hartley won the 2015 FIA World Endurance Championship, alongside his teammates Mark Webber and Timo Bernhard, and also went on to win the 2017 FIA World Endurance Championship alongside Bernhard and Earl Bamber. He won the 2017 24 Hours of Le Mans with Bamber and Bernhard, the 2020 24 Hours of Le Mans with Sébastien Buemi and Kazuki Nakajima, and the 2022 24 Hours of Le Mans with Buemi and Ryō Hirakawa.

Hartley formerly competed in Formula One for Scuderia Toro Rosso, making his debut at the 2017 United States Grand Prix.

Kazuki Nakajima
Kazuki Nakajima (Japanese: 中嶋 一貴, Hepburn: Nakajima Kazuki; born 11 January 1985) is a Japanese motorsport executive and former racing driver, who competed in Formula One from 2007 to 2009. In Japanese motorsport, Nakajima won the Super Formula Championship in 2012 and 2014 with TOM'S. In endurance racing, Nakajima won the 2018–19 FIA World Endurance Championship, and is a three-time winner of the 24 Hours of Le Mans, which he won consecutively from 2018 to 2020, all with Toyota. Since 2022, Nakajima has served as vice-chairman of Toyota in WEC, winning three consecutive World Manufacturers' Championship titles from 2022 to 2024.
Topical tac
Topical tac is a topical anesthetic solution introduced by Pryor et al. in 1980. It is a mixture of 5 to 12% tetracaine, 0.05% adrenaline, and 4 or 10% cocaine hydrochloride (hence the "TAC" nomenclature). It has been used in ear, nose, and throat surgery and in the emergency department where numbing of the surface is needed rapidly. Use in the pediatric patient cohort has been documented, including when children have been injured in the eye, ear, or other sensitive locations.

Due to drug diversion concerns surrounding the use of cocaine in medicine, along with concern regarding toxicity and expense, the cocaine was replaced with lidocaine and a new anesthetic was created - lidocaine, epinephrine, and tetracaine (LET).

Adrenaline
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine and alternatively spelled adrenalin, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). It appears as a white microcrystalline granule. Adrenaline is normally produced by the adrenal glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla oblongata. It plays an essential role in the fight-or-flight response by increasing blood flow to muscles, heart output by acting on the SA node, pupil dilation response, and blood sugar level. It does this by binding to alpha and beta receptors. It is found in many animals, including humans, and some single-celled organisms. It has also been isolated from the plant Scoparia dulcis found in Northern Vietnam.
M. V. Suchindra Kumar
Lieutenant General M. V. Suchindra Kumar, PVSM, AVSM, YSM**, VSM is a retired general officer of the Indian Army. He last served as the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Northern Command. He previously served as the 45th Vice Chief of the Army Staff, prior to that he was Deputy Chief of the Army Staff (Strategy). He also served as the Director General Military Intelligence and as the General Officer Commanding XVI Corps. He is also the Colonel of the Assam Regiment & the Arunachal Scouts.

Yudh Seva Medal
The Yudh Seva Medal (lit. 'War Service Medal') is one of India's military decorations for distinguished service during wartime. It is awarded for a high degree of distinguished service in an operational context, which includes times of war, conflict, or hostilities and may be  awarded posthumously.

The award is the wartime equivalent of the Vishisht Seva Medal, which is a peacetime distinguished service decoration.

In 2019, Minty Agarwal became the first woman given the Yudh Seva Medal.