hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bernard D. Rostker
Bernard Daniel Rostker (born February 1, 1944) was Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) from 1977 to 1979; 5th Director of the Selective Service System from 1979 to 1981; Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) from 1994 to 1998; Under Secretary of the Army from 1998 to 2000; and Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness in 2000–2001. From 1996 to 2001, he also served as Special Assistant to the Deputy Secretary of Defense for Gulf War Illnesses.

United States Deputy Secretary of Defense
The deputy secretary of defense (acronym: DepSecDef) who is secondarily but informally titled the deputy secretary of war (DepSecWar), is a statutory office (10 U.S.C. § 132) and the second-highest-ranking official in the Department of Defense of the United States of America.

The deputy secretary is the principal civilian deputy to the secretary of defense, and is appointed by the president, with the advice and consent of the Senate. The deputy secretary, by statute, is designated as the DoD chief management officer and must be a civilian, at least seven years removed from service as a commissioned officer on active-duty at the date of appointment.
Curtsy
A curtsy (also spelled curtsey or incorrectly as courtsey) is a traditional gendered gesture of greeting, in which a girl or woman bends her knees while bowing her head. In Western culture it is the feminine equivalent of bowing by males, and people will commonly curtsy in some churches as a simplified genuflection.

By the 17th and 18th centuries, it had become a standard social custom for women when greeting superiors, royalty, nobility, aristocracy or elders in the Western World.

The word "curtsy" is a phonological change from "courtesy" known in linguistics as syncope.

In more formal variants of the curtsy, the girl/woman bends the knees outward (rather than straight ahead), often sweeping one foot behind her. She may also use her hands to hold her skirt out from her body. It is also acceptable in some cultures for the female to curtsy if wearing trousers or shorts.

Kneeling
Kneeling is a basic human position where one or both knees touch the ground. According to Merriam-Webster, kneeling is defined as "to position the body so that one or both knees rest on the floor". Kneeling with only one knee, and not both, is called genuflection.

Kneeling is a primate behavior used to convey deference by making the figure that is kneeling appear smaller than the other. Primates themselves establish a dominance hierarchy (or "pecking order") which is important to the survival and behavior of the group. Chimpanzees, for example, have a complex social group that involves a dominant male and a corresponding female, to whom the other males and the juvenile chimps are submissive. Males who threaten the hierarchy are often severely injured or killed; in some instances, the use of submissive behavior is necessary to ensure survival.
USS Kraken
USS Kraken (SS-370), a Balao-class submarine, was a ship of the United States Navy named for the kraken, a legendary sea monster believed to haunt the coasts of Norway.

Kraken commissioned in September 1944 and saw action during the last year of World War II, serving in the Pacific Theater and making four war patrols. In 1946 she was placed in reserve.

In 1959 Kraken was transferred to the Spanish Navy as  Almirante García de los Reyes. She was scrapped in 1982.

United States Navy reserve fleets
The United States Navy maintains a number of its ships as part of a reserve fleet, often called the "Mothball Fleet". While the details of the maintenance activity have changed several times, the basics are constant: keep the ships afloat and sufficiently working as to be reactivated quickly in an emergency.

In some cases (for instance, at the outset of the Korean War), many ships were successfully reactivated at a considerable savings in time and money. The usual fate of ships in the reserve fleet, though, is to become too old and obsolete to be of any use, at which point they are sold for scrapping or are scuttled in weapons tests.

In rare cases, the general public may intercede for ships from the reserve fleet that are about to be scrapped – usually asking for the Navy to donate them for use as museum ships, memorials, or artificial reefs.
Thomas Schaaf
Thomas Schaaf (born 30 April 1961) is a German professional football manager and former player who played as a defender. A "one-club man", Schaaf spent his entire playing career (1978–1995) and most of his managerial career with Bundesliga club Werder Bremen. He started coaching the team in 1999 and stepped down in 2013, being one of the longest-serving coaches in the Bundesliga. As a player, he won the Bundesliga (1988, 1993) and the DFB-Pokal (1991, 1994) twice and the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (1992) once; as a manager, he won the Bundesliga once (2004) and the DFB-Pokal three times (1999, 2004, 2009).

1991–92 European Cup Winners' Cup
The 1991–92 season of the European Cup Winners' Cup was won by Werder Bremen in the final against Monaco. Both were first-time finalists in the competition.

Defending champions Manchester United were eliminated by Atlético Madrid in the second round.
Ewloe Castle
Ewloe Castle (Welsh: Castell Ewloe) is a native Welsh castle built by the Kingdom of Gwynedd near the village of Ewloe in Flintshire, Wales. The castle, which was one of the last fortifications to be built by the native Princes of Wales, was abandoned at the beginning of the invasion of Wales by Edward I in 1277. Using locally quarried sandstone, its construction appears to have continued piecemeal over many years and may have not been completed. On taking the castle, the English Crown gave it little military value and allowed it to fall into ruin.

Ewloe was sited on high ground within Tegeingl, a cantref in the lands of north-east Wales (Welsh Perfeddwlad). Standing near the Chester road, it maintained a strategic position near the Wales–England border. The castle is on a steeply sloped promontory within a forested valley. It overlooks the junction of two streams with higher ground to the south.

Perfeddwlad
53°17′13″N 3°45′47″W﻿ / ﻿53.287°N 3.763°W﻿ / 53.287; -3.763
Perfeddwlad or Y Berfeddwlad was an historic name for the territories in Wales lying between the River Conwy and the River Dee.  comprising the cantrefi of Rhos, Rhufoniog, Dyffryn Clwyd and Tegeingl. Perfeddwlad thus was also known as the Four Cantrefs.
Farm Crest Bakeries building
The Farm Crest Bakeries building, also known as the Hoffman Container Factory, was a historic building in the Driving Park neighborhood of Columbus, Ohio. The Streamline Moderne building was constructed from 1947 to 1949, and was lauded at its opening as a modern and innovative facility.

Streamline Moderne
Streamline Moderne is an international style of Art Deco architecture and design that emerged in the 1930s. Inspired by aerodynamic design, it emphasized curving forms, long horizontal lines, and sometimes nautical elements. In industrial design, it was used in railroad locomotives, telephones, buses, appliances, and other devices to give the impression of sleekness and modernity.

In France, it was called the style paquebot, or "ocean liner style", and was influenced by the design of the luxury ocean liner SS Normandie, launched in 1932.
Tribu (film)
Tribu (English: Tribe) is a 2007 Filipino crime drama film directed by Jim Libiran, released in its home country of the Philippines. It stars real life gang members from the film's setting in Tondo, Manila. The tagline is: "Every night, juvenile tribes prowl the streets of Tondo. An explosive hiphop, freestyle gangsta celebration of inner city Manila."

Most of the actors were residents of Tondo, and many were active in street gang activities in the area during the making of the film. Fifty-two members of six rival gangs agreed to work together to finish the movie.

Tribu won several awards, including Best Actors and Best Film at the Cinemalaya Independent Film Festival, Best Actor Ensemble at the Cinemanila International Film Festival and the Gawad Urian Awards. Tribu also won the Pari de l'Avenir Bet of the Future Award at the Festival Paris Cinéma –  the only non-European film to do so.

Cinemalaya
The Cinemalaya Philippine Independent Film Festival, more commonly known as Cinemalaya, is a film festival in the Philippines held annually traditionally at the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex as well as well as other select cinemas since 2011.

Established in 2005, Cinemalaya's aim is the development and promotion of Filipino independent films. The film festival is organized by the Cinemalaya Foundation, Inc. with the support of the Cultural Center of the Philippines and Econolink Investments, Inc.

The organizing committee, headed by veteran Filipino director and actress Laurice Guillen, oversees the production of the films and the festival.
Chroogomphus vinicolor
Chroogomphus vinicolor, commonly known as the wine-cap Chroogomphus or the pine spike, is a species of mushroom in the family Gomphidiaceae. The fruit bodies have reddish-brown, shiny caps atop tapered stems. The gills are thick, initially pale orange before turning blackish, and extend a short way down the length of the stem. Distinguishing this species from some other similar Chroogomphus species is difficult, as their morphology is similar, and cap coloration is too variable to be a reliable characteristic. C. vinicolor is differentiated from the European C. rutilus and the North American C. ochraceus by the thickness of its cystidial walls.

The species is found in North America and the Dominican Republic, mushrooms grow on the ground under pine trees. Although the mushroom is edible and sold in local markets in Mexico, it is not highly rated and may cause contact dermatitis.

Cystidium
A cystidium (pl.: cystidia) is a relatively large cell found on the sporocarp of a basidiomycete (for example, on the surface of a mushroom gill), often between clusters of basidia. Since cystidia have highly varied and distinct shapes that are often unique to a particular species or genus, they are a useful micromorphological characteristic in the identification of basidiomycetes. In general, the adaptive significance of cystidia is not well understood.
Baron North
Baron North, of Kirtling Tower in the County of Cambridge, is an abeyant title in the Peerage of England. Its most famous holder was Frederick North, 2nd Earl of Guilford, 8th Baron North, who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1770 to 1782, a period which included most of the American Revolutionary War.

Abeyance
Abeyance (from the Old French abeance meaning "gaping") describes a state of temporary dormancy or suspension. In law, it can refer to a situation where the ownership of property, titles, or office is not currently vested in any specific person, but is awaiting the appearance or determination of the rightful owner. This typically applies to future estates that have not yet vested, and may never vest. For example, an estate is granted to A for life, with the remainder to the heir of B upon A's death. If B is still alive, the remainder is held in abeyance because B can have no legal heir until B's own death.

The term hold in abeyance is used in lawsuits and court cases when a case is temporarily put on hold.
Esteban Cambiasso
Esteban Matías Cambiasso Deleau (Spanish pronunciation: [esˈteβaŋ kamˈbjaso]; born 18 August 1980), nicknamed "Cuchu", is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

During his career, Cambiasso won 21 official titles, the majority of which were won during his ten seasons at Inter Milan, including five Scudetti and the 2009–10 UEFA Champions League.

A full international from 2000 to 2011, Cambiasso won 52 caps for Argentina and represented the country at the 2006 World Cup, the 2005 Confederations Cup, and at the Copa América in 2007 and 2011.

2009–10 UEFA Champions League
The 2009–10 UEFA Champions League was the 55th season of Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 18th under the current UEFA Champions League format. The final was played on 22 May 2010 at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in Madrid, Spain, the first time the final was played on a Saturday. The final was won by Italian club Inter Milan, who beat German side Bayern Munich 2–0.

Inter Milan went on to represent Europe in the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup, beating Congolese side TP Mazembe 3–0 in the final, and played in the 2010 UEFA Super Cup against Europa League winners Atlético Madrid, losing 2–0.

Barcelona were the defending champions, but they were eliminated by eventual winners Inter Milan in the semi-finals.
Tanveer Sait
Tanveer Aziz Sait is an Indian politician who was the Minister of State for Primary and Secondary Education of Karnataka from 2016 to 2018. He is Member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Narasimharaja constituency since May 2002. Sait is a six-term member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly.

Narasimharaja Assembly constituency
Narasimharaja Assembly constituency is one of the 224 constituencies in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly of Karnataka, a southern state of India. It is a segment of Mysore Lok Sabha constituency. Narasimharaja is a minority-dominated constituency, with 48% Muslims, 11% Dalits, 5% tribals, 2% Christians.
Sera Utsé Hermitage
Sera Utsé Hermitage, Sera Utse, Sera Ütse, Sera Tse or Drubkjang Tse is a historical hermitage belonging to Sera Monastery. It is located on the mountain directly behind Sera Monastery itself, which is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the Jokhang in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It is older than Sera Monastery.

It is about a 1½ hour walk up the hill from Tsongkhapa's hermitage or Choding Khang, which is just above the Assembly Hall of Sera Monastery. It has a two-storied chapel and monks' quarters with views over the city of Lhasa. There is a protector shrine to Pehar (a Tibetan spirit which belongs to the gyalpo class) and Shri Devi.

Palden Lhamo
Palden Lhamo ("Glorious Goddess", Tibetan: དཔལ་ལྡན་ལྷ་མོ།, Wylie: dpal ldan lha mo, Lhasa dialect: [pantɛ̃ l̥amo], Sanskrit: Śrīdēvī) or Shri Devi is a Vajrayana Buddhist dharmapala who appears in various forms. She is considered an enlightened being by Tibetan Buddhists.

Palden Lhamo is the special dharmapala of the Dalai Lamas, while the three protectors of his Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism are Yamaraja, Vaisravana, and Mahakala. She is the wrathful deity considered to be the principal protectress of Tibet.

Palden Lhamo appears in the retinue of the Obstacle-Removing Mahakala, either as an independent figure or associated to Ekajati, and has been described as "the tutelary deity of Tibet and its government", and as "celebrated all over Tibet and Mongolia, and the potent protector of the Dalai and Panchen Lamas and Lhasa."
Iquicha War of 1825–1828
The Iquicha War of 1825–1828 was a rebellion that broke out between 1825 and 1828 between local royalist peasants from Huanta known as Iquichanos and the army of the newly formed Peruvian Republic. The war ended with a Republican victory

Peruvian Army
The Peruvian Army (Spanish: Ejército del Perú, abbreviated EP) is the branch of the Peruvian Armed Forces tasked with safeguarding the independence, sovereignty and integrity of national territory on land through military force. Additional missions include assistance in safeguarding internal security, conducting disaster relief operations and participating in international peacekeeping operations. It celebrates the anniversary of the Battle of Ayacucho (1824) on December 9.
Chaim Bloom
Chaim David Bloom ([ħajˈjiːm]; born February 27, 1983) is an American professional baseball executive who is the president of baseball operations for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB). He began his MLB career in 2005 with the Tampa Bay Rays, reaching the title of Senior Vice President of Baseball Operations. From 2020 to 2023, he was Chief Baseball Officer for the Boston Red Sox. In 2024, Bloom joined the Cardinals as an advisor to then-president of baseball operations John Mozeliak and succeeded him in his role after the 2025 season.

General manager (baseball)
In Major League Baseball, the general manager (GM) of a team typically controls player transactions and bears the primary responsibility on behalf of the ballclub during contract discussions with players.
Ole Avei
Ole Avei (born 13 June 1983 in Wellington, New Zealand) is a retired Samoan International Rugby Union player, who most recently played hooker with Soyaux-Angouleme in the French Pro D2.

Avei began his professional career in 2005 with the Queensland Reds, making his first Super 14 debut in 2006, against the Chiefs in Hamilton. He then went on to play for Waikato in the Air New Zealand Cup in 2008, and in 2010, he signed in France with the Union Bordeaux Bègles for 2 years, extending his contract for a rare 5-year deal over offers from several top clubs, including current champions Stade Toulousain (Toulouse).

Avei made his International debut for Samoa in the 2011 Pacific Nations Cup, in the match against Japan on 2 July 2011. He was then selected to represent Samoa in the 2011 Rugby World Cup in New Zealand and the 2015 Rugby World Cup.

Soyaux Angoulême XV Charente
Soyaux Angoulême XV Charente is a French rugby union club from Angoulême, currently playing in the second level of the country's professional rugby system, Pro D2.

The team plays in violet and purple shirts, and play their home matches at the 8000-capacity Stade Chanzy in Angoulême.
Recreational Forest Reserve of Pinhal da Paz
The Forest Reserve of Pinhal da Paz (Portuguese: Reserva Florestal de Pinhal da Paz), abbreviated to Pinhal da Paz by the locals, is a forest reserve and recreational park of .49 square kilometres (0.19 mi2), in the center of the Picos Region of the island of São Miguel in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores.

São Miguel Island
São Miguel Island (pronounced [ˈsɐ̃w miˈɣɛl]; Portuguese for 'Saint Michael'), nicknamed "The Green Island" (Ilha Verde), is the largest and most populous island in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The island covers 760 km2 (290 sq mi) and has around 140,000 inhabitants, with 45,000 people residing in Ponta Delgada, the archipelago's largest city.
Earl Denny
Earl Livingston Denny (born July 21, 1945) is an American former professional football running back who played two seasons with the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Missouri Tigers and was selected by the Vikings in the third round of the 1967 NFL/AFL draft.

1967 NFL/AFL draft
The 1967 NFL/AFL draft was conducted March 14–15, 1967, at the Gotham Hotel in New York City. It was the first common draft between the National Football League (NFL) and the American Football League (AFL), part of the AFL–NFL merger agreement of June 1966.

This draft was delayed as new guidelines were established; redshirt (or "future") players were no longer eligible. It began on a Tuesday in mid-March (first five rounds); the previous two years the leagues held their separate drafts on the final Saturday of November, immediately following the college football regular season.

The expansion New Orleans Saints initially had the first overall pick; a week before the draft, they traded it to the Baltimore Colts, who selected defensive end Bubba Smith of Michigan State.
Lovage
Lovage (/ˈlʌvɪdʒ/ LUV-ij; Levisticum officinale) is a perennial plant, the sole species in the genus Levisticum in the family Apiaceae, subfamily Apioideae. It is native to Afghanistan and Iran.

It has been long cultivated in Europe and the leaves are used as a herb, the roots as a vegetable, and the seeds as a spice, especially in southern European cuisine. Its flavour and smell are reminiscent both of celery and parsley, only more intense and spicier than either. The seeds can be used in the same way as fennel seeds.

Fennel
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a flowering plant species in the carrot family. It is a hardy, perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves. It is indigenous to the shores of the Mediterranean but has become widely naturalized in many parts of the world, especially on dry soils near the sea coast and on riverbanks.

It is a highly flavorful herb used in cooking and, along with the similar-tasting anise, is one of the primary ingredients of absinthe. Florence fennel or finocchio (UK: /fɪˈnɒkioʊ/, US: /-ˈnoʊk-/, Italian: [fiˈnɔkkjo]) is a selection with a swollen, bulb-like stem base (sometimes called bulb fennel) that is used as a vegetable.
Neiman Marcus Group
Neiman Marcus Group was an American holding company of department stores. It was established after holding company Carter Hawley Hale spun-off several of the department store chains it owned in 1987. At the time of its two-fold acquisition by Toronto-based Hudson's Bay Company and spin-off into Saks Global in 2024, it owned the full-line luxury stores Bergdorf Goodman (based in New York City) and Neiman Marcus (based in Dallas); off-price store Neiman Marcus Last Call; and home furnishings website Horchow.

Corporate spin-off
A corporate spin-off, also known as a spin-out, starburst or hive-off, is a type of corporate action where a company "splits off" a section as a separate business or creates a second incarnation, even if the first is still active. It is distinct from a sell-off, where a company sells a section to another company or firm in exchange for cash or securities.
Old Church of St Gwenllwyfo, Llanwenllwyfo
The Old Church of St Gwenllwyfo, Llanwenllwyfo is a medieval ruined church near Dulas, in Anglesey, Wales, perhaps built in the 15th century to replace another church from which only the 12th-century font survived. Dedicated to Gwenllwyfo, a 7th-century female saint about whom nothing else is known, it was used as a chapel of ease for the church in Amlwch, about 5 miles (8 km) away.  Restored in 1610 and again in the 18th and 19th centuries, it contained an oak screen and pulpit from 1610.

It was replaced in the middle of the 19th century by a larger church about two-thirds of a mile (1.1 km) away, to which some of the contents, including a memorial brass plaque from the early 17th century and the church bell, were removed; other items were left behind. The disused church was noted to be in bad condition in 1937, and the roof collapsed in 1950. Little of the structure now remains, as the walls have been reduced to 5 feet (1.5 m) in height.

Dulas, Anglesey
Dulas (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) or City Dulas is a village in Anglesey, in north-west Wales. It is situated on the A5025 road, near the coast (Dulas Bay) at only 5 metres (16 ft) above sea level. It is in the community of Llaneilian.
Alicja Majewska
Alicja Majewska (born May 30, 1948 in Wrocław, Poland) is a Polish singer. From 1971 to 1974, she was a member of the band Partita as a vocalist. In 1975, she received the main award at the National Festival of Polish Song in Opole. She was also awarded a Grand Prix at the 1980 festival in Rostock, and was honored in Havana (1985). She received the "Gloria Artis" medal.

Gloria Artis Medal for Merit to Culture
The Gloria Artis Medal for Merit to Culture (Polish: Zasłużony Kulturze Gloria Artis) or Gloria Artis Medal, is a departmental decoration of Poland in arts awarded by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage of the Republic of Poland to persons and organizations for distinguished contributions to, or protection of the Polish culture and national heritage.

There are three classes for the medal: gold, silver and bronze with a green, blue or claret ribbon, respectively, with central white and red stripes. This award was instituted on 17 June 2005. as a replacement of the honorary badge „Zasłużony Działacz Kultury”,  as part of the general reform in management of culture and education.