hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
River Sow Navigation
The River Sow Navigation was a short river navigation in Staffordshire, England, which connected the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal to the centre of Stafford. There was a coal wharf in Stafford, and a single lock to connect it to the canal. It opened in 1816, and closed in the 1920s. There are proposals to restore the navigation as the Stafford Riverway Link.

Stafford
Stafford (/ˈstæfərd/) is a market town and the county town of Staffordshire, England. It is located about 15 miles (24 km) south of Stoke-on-Trent, 15 miles (24 km) north of Wolverhampton and 24 miles (39 km) north-west of Birmingham. The town had a population of 71,673 at the 2021 census, and is the main settlement within the larger Borough of Stafford, which had a population of 136,837 in 2021.

Stafford has Anglo-Saxon roots, being founded in 913, when Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, founded a defensive burh; it became the county town of Staffordshire soon after. Stafford became an important market town in the Middle Ages and later grew into an important industrial town, due to the proliferation of shoemaking, engineering and electrical industries.
Pūtauaki
Pūtauaki, known in English as Mount Edgecumbe, is a dacite volcanic cone in the Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand. A King of the Mountain race was run on Pūtauaki as part of the international King of the Mountain series between 1955 and 2020, and proceeds were donated to charity.

Kawerau
Kawerau is a town in the Bay of Plenty Region on the North Island of New Zealand. It is situated 100 km south-east of Tauranga and 58 km east of Rotorua. It is the seat of the Kawerau District Council, and the only town in Kawerau District.

Kawerau is a small community, with an economy that is largely driven by the nearby pulp and paper mill that is run by Norske Skog and OJI Fibre Solutions. It is located along State Highway 34, southwest of Onepu, and is the terminus of the East Coast Main Trunk Railway, and the commencing point of the Murupara Branch railway.

Kawerau is among the three towns in New Zealand with a majority Māori population, along with Ōpōtiki and Wairoa. Kawerau was one of the worst-affected towns in the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake.
The Pass (1988 film)
The Pass (Russian: Перевал, romanized: Pereval) is a 1988 Soviet animated short film, directed by Vladimir Tarasov and written by Kir Bulychov. It is adapted from the first chapter titled The Pass from Bulychyov's novel The Settlement, translated as Those Who Survive.

Kir Bulychev
Kir Bulychev (Russian: Кир Булычёв, romanized: Kir Bulychyov; 18 October 1934 – 5 September 2003) was a pen name of Igor Vsevolodovich Mozheiko (И́горь Все́володович Може́йко), a Soviet Russian science fiction writer, critic, translator and historian. His magnum opus is a children's science fiction series Alisa Selezneva, although most of his books are adult-oriented. His books were adapted for film, TV, and animation over 20 times – more than any other Russian science fiction author – and Bulychev himself wrote scripts for early adaptations.
María Mercedes (Mexican TV series)
María Mercedes (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈɾi.a meɾˈseðes]) is a 1992 Mexican television drama series broadcast by Canal de Las Estrellas. The series is based on 1977 Mexican drama series Rina, which in turn is based on the radionovela Enamorada by Inés Rodena. Directed by Beatriz Sheridan, it stars Thalía, Arturo Peniche, Laura Zapata and Fernando Ciangherotti, it aired from September 14, 1992 to January 5, 1993, replacing De frente al sol and was replaced by Capricho.

It was the first of the "Marías" telenovela trilogy, being followed by Marimar and María la del Barrio.

Laura Zapata
Laura Guadalupe Zapata Miranda (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlawɾa ɣwaðaˈlupe saˈpata miˈɾanda] born July 31, 1956) is a Mexican telenovela actress, singer, and dancer. She has acted in Televisa productions.
F. D. Roosevelt State Park
F.D. Roosevelt State Park is a 9,049 acres (36.62 km2) Georgia state park located near Pine Mountain and Warm Springs. The park is named for former U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who sought a treatment for his paralytic illness in nearby Warm Springs at the Little White House. The park is located along the Pine Mountain Range. The western portion of the park, formerly named Pine Mountain State Park, was named a National Historic Landmark in 1997. F.D. Roosevelt State Park is Georgia's largest state park.

Several structures in the park were built by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in the Great Depression, including a stone swimming pool and Roosevelt's favorite picnic spot at Dowdell's Knob, overlooking the valley below. President Roosevelt would take polio patients with depression along on picnics at Dowdell's Knob.

Pine Mountain, Georgia
Pine Mountain is a town in Harris and Meriwether counties in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 1,216.

The Harris County portion of Pine Mountain is part of the Columbus, Georgia metropolitan area, while the small portion that extends into Meriwether County is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area.
John Charlesworth (abolitionist)
John Charlesworth (1782–1864) was an English abolitionist and Anglican clergyman. He was a friend of Thomas Clarkson, and for many years lived in Flowton, Suffolk, not far from him.

John was the son of John Charlesworth (1752–1821), Rector of Ossington, Nottinghamshire. His brother was Edward Parker Charlesworth, a prominent physician and early psychiatrist. His daughter was Maria Louisa Charlesworth.

Flowton
Flowton is a village and civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England, with a population of 117 people. The name 'Flowton' originally derives from the word 'Flocctun', meaning a flock of sheep or a sheep farm.
The parish is located around six miles north west of Ipswich, which is the county town of Suffolk. Flowton contains the hamlet of Flowton Brook, and consists of rural farmland accompanied by scattered farm houses and a few newer builds situated nearby the parish church of 'St Mary's'. 
In the 1870s, Flowton was described as:

"Flowton, a parish in Bosmere district, Suffolk; 3½ miles WNW of Bramford r. station, and 5½ NW by W of Ipswich. Post town, Bramford under Ipswich. Acres 495. Real property, £994. Pop., 151. Houses, 34. The property is divided among a few. The living is a rectory in the diocese of Norwich. Value, £140.* Patron, Henry Thornton, Esq. The church is good."
Democracy and Political Ignorance
Democracy and Political Ignorance: Why Smaller Government Is Smarter is a 2013 book from Stanford University Press by George Mason University law professor Ilya Somin. Somin argues that people are ignorant and irrational about politics and that this creates problems for democracy. He further claims that this consideration argues in favor of smaller and more decentralized government.

A revised and expanded edition of the book was published in 2016. It includes new material on a variety of issues, including discussions of the "Big Sort" and its implications for "voting with your feet," the connection between political ignorance and the disproportionate political influence of the wealthy, new proposals for increasing political knowledge, and up-to-date survey data on political ignorance from recent elections. The book has also been published in Italian and Japanese translations.

Ilya Somin
Ilya Somin (born 1973) is an American legal scholar. He is a law professor at George Mason University, B. Kenneth Simon Chair in Constitutional Studies at the Cato Institute, a blogger for the Volokh Conspiracy, and a former co-editor of the Supreme Court Economic Review (2006–2013). His research focuses on constitutional law, property law, migration rights, and the study of popular political participation and its implications for constitutional democracy.
Dharmacon
Dharmacon Inc., now known as Dharmacon, was founded in 1995 by Stephen Scaringe as Dharmacon Research to develop and commercialize a new technology for RNA oligonucleotide synthesis.  Originally, the company's focus was to develop 2'-ACE RNA technology as the standard for RNA synthesis and to advance RNA oligo-dependent applications and technologies.

When RNA interference (RNAi) emerged in the late 1990s, Dharmacon was poised to provide RNAi-related products to the multitude of academic and industry researchers. Dharmacon has become an important resource for those investigating the mechanisms of siRNA (small interfering RNA)-induced gene knockdown and applying the specificity and potency of RNAi to human biotherapeutics. Dharmacon's expertise in bioinformatics, RNA biology, and synthesis chemistry has allowed it to develop a complete line of products for the RNAi researcher.

Small interfering RNA
Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA or silencing RNA, is a class of double-stranded non-coding RNA molecules, typically 20–24 base pairs in length, similar to microRNA (miRNA), and operating within the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. It interferes with the expression of specific genes with complementary nucleotide sequences by degrading messenger RNA (mRNA) after transcription, preventing translation. It was discovered in 1998 by Andrew Fire at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, D.C. and Craig Mello at the University of Massachusetts in Worcester.
The New Adventures of He-Man
The New Adventures of He-Man is an animated series which ran in syndication in the second half of 1990 while Mattel released the toy line He-Man, an update of their Masters of the Universe line. The cartoon series was intended to be a continuation of Filmation's He-Man and the Masters of the Universe series, but Filmation's parent Westinghouse Broadcasting had shut down the studio a year earlier. Instead, while existing in the same continuity, a new central story was created for this series. It is also the first He-Man series to feature a Canadian voice cast.

This would mark the final entry in the original Masters of the Universe continuity, as the franchise as a whole would be rebooted twelve years later with He-Man and the Masters of the Universe.

The 2021 series Masters of the Universe: Revelation follows continuity of the original series but branches off into its own continuity from before the events of this series.

Garry Chalk
Garry Chalk (born February 17, 1952) is a Canadian actor. He has provided the voices for Optimus Primal of Beast Wars: Transformers and Beast Machines: Transformers, as well as Optimus Prime in the anime English dubs of Transformers: Armada, Transformers Energon, and Transformers: Cybertron. Chalk's live-action performances include The Fly II, Godzilla, Freddy vs. Jason, Stargate SG-1, and Cold Squad.
The Neon Woman
The Neon Woman is a comic play written by Tom Eyen.

The play is an outrageous murder mystery set in a seedy Baltimore burlesque house run by a retired stripper. It was written as a vehicle for Pink Flamingos star Divine, who had previously starred in a revival of Eyen's Women Behind Bars. The cast also featured Holly Woodlawn, Helen Hanft, Brenda Bergman, William Duff-Griffin, Maria Duval, Sweet William Edgar, Lee Corbet, Debra Greenfield, Hope Stansbury, and George Patterson, and was directed by longtime Eyen collaborator Ron Link.

The play was produced at Hurrah, a dance club on Manhattan's Upper West Side. The Neon Woman opened on April 16, 1978, and had 84 performances, closing on July 15, 1978.

A live recording showed up on a 1990 videotape entitled A Divine Double Feature, paired with The Diane Linkletter Story, which also starred Divine.

Ron Link (director)
Ron Link (born in Columbus, Ohio in 1940 – June 7, 1999) was an American theatre director.

Link directed off-off-Broadway theatre, working primarily at Caffe Cino and La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club on the Lower East Side of Manhattan. He directed a young Robert De Niro in Glamour, Glory and Gold and a young Sylvester Stallone in Somerset Maugham's Rain. He also directed Divine in Tom Eyen's Women Behind Bars at La MaMa and at the Astor Place Theater in 1974, and in The Neon Woman at Hurrah in 1978.

After moving to Los Angeles, he directed Stand-Up Tragedy and Bouncers.
Calabash Brothers
Calabash Brothers or Hulu Brothers (Chinese: 葫芦兄弟; pinyin: Húlu Xiōngdì) is a Chinese animation TV series produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio and directed by Hu Jinqing, Ge Guiyun, and Zhou Keqin. It was extremely popular when it aired on TV in 1986–1987.

Havoc in Heaven
Havoc in Heaven, also translated as Uproar in Heaven, is a 1961 Chinese donghua feature film directed by Wan Laiming and produced by all four of the Wan brothers. The film was created at the height of the Chinese animation industry in the 1960s, and received numerous awards, earning the brothers domestic and international recognition. The story is an adaptation of the earlier episodes of the 16th-century Chinese novel Journey to the West.

The stylized animation and drums and percussion accompaniment used in this film are heavily influenced by Peking opera traditions.
Sir Robert Kemp, 4th Baronet
Sir Robert Kemp, 4th Baronet  (9 November 1699 – 1752), of Ubbeston, Suffolk, was a British landowner and Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1730 to 1734.

Kemp was baptized at Hoxne, Suffolk,  the only son of Sir Robert Kemp, 3rd Baronet of Ubbeston, Suffolk and his second wife Elizabeth Brand, daughter  of John Brand of Edwardstone, Suffolk.  He was admitted at Pembroke College, Cambridge on 3 July 1718 and at Middle Temple on 17 November 1721.

Kemp was returned as a Tory Member of Parliament for Orford at a by-election on 23 February 1730. He voted against the Government on all known occasions. He did not stand at the 1734 British general election.

Kemp succeeded his father in the baronetcy on 18 December 1734. He died unmarried on. 15 February 1752  and was buried in the family vault at Gissing, Norfolk. He was succeeded by his brother John Kemp.

Kemp baronets
The Kemp Baronetcy, of Gissing in the County of Norfolk, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 14 March 1642 for Robert Kemp. The second Baronet sat as member of parliament for Norfolk and Dunwich. The third Baronet was member of parliament for Dunwich and Suffolk. The fourth Baronet was member of parliament for Orford. The title became extinct on the death of the twelfth Baronet in 1936.

Sir Kenneth Hagar Kemp's heir and only son, Robert Hamilton Kemp, predeceased him suddenly in 1933 due to "rupture of an aneurism of the aorta". 
He had served as lieutenant in South Africa (1899-1902) and in World War I (1914-1918). Later in life, he was a racehorse trainer at Heathcote House. Captain Kemp was married to Violet Marie, daughter of Colonel Robert C. Dalrymple Stewart-Muirhead and had issue of two daughters.
Prince of Pereyaslavl
The Prince of Pereyaslavl (Ukrainian: Князь Переяславський) was the ruler of the Principality of Pereyaslavl, a lordship based on the city of Pereyaslavl on the Trubizh River, and straddling extensive territory to the east in what are now parts of Ukraine. It was situated on the southern frontier of Kievan Rus' and bordered the steppe.

Principality of Pereyaslavl
The Principality of Pereyaslavl (Ukrainian: Переяславське князівство; Russian: Переяславское княжество) was a regional principality of Kievan Rus' from the end of 9th century until 1323, based in the city of Pereyaslavl (now Pereiaslav) on the river Trubizh.
Gallipolis, Ohio
Gallipolis (/ˌɡæləpəˈliːs/ GAL-ə-pə-LEESS) is a village in Gallia County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is located in Southeast Ohio along the Ohio River about 55 miles (89 km) southeast of Chillicothe and 44 miles (71 km) northwest of Charleston, West Virginia. The population was 3,313 at the 2020 census. Gallipolis is the second-largest community in the rural Point Pleasant micropolitan area, which includes all of Gallia County, Ohio, and Mason County, West Virginia.

Point Pleasant micropolitan area
The Point Pleasant Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties – one in West Virginia and one in Ohio – anchored by the city of Point Pleasant, West Virginia.

As of the 2000 census, the Point Pleasant MSA had a population of 57,026 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 56,252).
The Grateful Dead Movie
The Grateful Dead Movie, released in 1977 and directed by Jerry Garcia, is a film that captures live performances from rock band the Grateful Dead during an October 1974 five-night run at Winterland in San Francisco. These concerts marked the beginning of a hiatus, with the October 20, 1974, show billed as "The Last One". The band would return to touring in 1976. The film features the "Wall of Sound" concert sound system that the Dead used for all of 1974. The movie also portrays the burgeoning Deadhead scene. Two albums have been released in conjunction with the film and the concert run: Steal Your Face and The Grateful Dead Movie Soundtrack.

Winterland Ballroom
Winterland, called at first New Dreamland Auditorium and later Winterland Arena and Winterland Ballroom, was an ice-skating rink and music venue in San Francisco operational from 1928 to 1979 and demolished in 1986.

Built at the corner of Post Street and Steiner Street, it was converted for exclusive use for music in 1971 by concert promoter Bill Graham, who made it a popular stop for rock acts. Graham's related merchandising company Winterland Productions sold concert shirts, memorabilia and sports-team merchandise.
Sodium metatungstate
Sodium metatungstate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na6[H2W12O40], sometimes written 3Na2WO4·9WO3·H2O.  It is also referred to as sodium polytungstate (SPT).  This salt has been used in the manufacture of dense aqueous solutions. Sodium metatungstate exists as white solid. The anion is the polyoxotungstate [H2W12O40]6-, which features six-coordinated tungsten(VI) centers interconnected with doubly- and triply bridging oxo ligands.

Due to its very high solubility in water (max. density 3.1 g/cm3), SPT is widely used as to produce "heavy liquid" for gravity separation (sink /float analysis) and density gradient centrifugation. It has significant advantages when compared to zinc chloride solution or the toxic halogenated carbons for sink-swim analysis. Aqueous SPT is non-toxic (unlike the denser Clerici solution), non-flammable, odorless, reusable and additionally it has a low viscosity.

Clerici solution
Clerici solution is an aqueous solution of equal parts of thallium formate (Tl(HCO2)) and thallium malonate (Tl(C3H3O4)). It is free-flowing and odorless.  Its color fades from yellowish to colorless when diluted. At 4.25 g/cm3 at 20 °C (68 °F), saturated Clerici solution is one of the densest aqueous solutions.
Bushnak
Bushnak (Arabic: بشناق, meaning "Bosnian", also transliterated Bushnaq, Boshnak, Bouchenak and Bouchnak) is a surname common among Levantines and Saudis (Arabic-speakers) of Bosnian Muslim origin. Those sharing this surname are the descendants of Bosnian Muslims, apprehensive of living under Christian rule after the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878, immigrated to Ottoman Syria.

While not originally from one family, most Bosnian Muslims who immigrated to the Levant adopted Bushnak as a common surname, attesting to their origins.

Saudis
Saudis (Arabic: سعوديُّون, romanized: suʿūdiyyūn; local dialects: سعوديين, suʿūdiyyīn) or Saudi Arabians are the citizen population of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who speak the Arabic language, a Central Semitic language, and share a common ancestry, history, and culture. They are mainly composed of Arabs and live in the five historical Regions: Najd, Hejaz, Asir, Tihamah and Al-Ahsa; the regions which the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded on or what was formerly known as the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd in the Arabian Peninsula. Saudis speak one of the dialects of Peninsular Arabic, including the Hejazi, Najdi, Gulf and Southern dialects (e.g. Bareqi), or South Arabian languages (e.g. Faifi) as a mother tongue.
Knut Billing
Knut Billing (15 January 1939 – 31 May 2007) was a Swedish politician, member of the Swedish Riksdag 1979–2002. He was a member of the Committee on Housing in 1983, and later in 1994 until 2002 as Speaker for the committee. He was also a member of the Swedish delegation to the Council of Europe from October 1993 until December 2002. He was also a member of Sweden's Nominating Committee from February 1992 until September 2002. During his time in the Riksdag, Billing was serving the constituency of Stockholm County.

Stockholm County (Riksdag constituency)
Stockholm County (Swedish: Stockholms Län) is one of the 29 multi-member constituencies of the Riksdag, the national legislature of Sweden. The constituency was established in 1970 when the Riksdag changed from a bicameral legislature to a unicameral legislature. It is conterminous with the county of Stockholm but excludes Stockholm Municipality which has its own constituency. The constituency currently elects 40 of the 349 members of the Riksdag using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2022 general election it had 1,006,456 registered electors.
The Vermin
The Vermin is a punk rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada. The band formed in 1984 (1986 in some sources) as Vermin From Venus by singer and guitarist Dirk Vermin, and was noted for releasing one of the first independent punk rock albums in Las Vegas, Sex on Planet X. In 1994, Vermin and bassist Rob Ruckus formed a punk cover band called Godboy, and in 1995 the bands merged, adopting the name The Vermin. The band recorded their first album under their new name, Hell or Las Vegas, in 1996 with drummer Anthony Hudak, but Hudak left the band soon after and was immediately replaced with current drummer Gerry "Turbo" Proctor. The band was featured in the low-budget horror film Trans-American Killer in 2005. Singer Dirk Vermin opened Pussykat Tattoo in 1999; the shop, Vermin, and bassist Ruckus are currently featured in the A&E program Bad Ink.

Bad Ink
Bad Ink is an American reality television series that premiered on August 11, 2013, on A&E. The series follows tattoo artist and musician Dirk Vermin, owner of Pussykat Tattoo off the Las Vegas Strip, and his friend and bandmate Rob Ruckus as they seek out bad tattoos and, for some, transform them with skilled cover-up work. Season 2 premiered on January 20, 2014.
Chandler Vintage Museum of Transportation and Wildlife
The Chandler Vintage Museum of Transportation and Wildlife, more commonly referred to as the Vintage Museum, has been the primary showcase for the collections of Otis Chandler since its foundation in 1987. The museum was located in Oxnard, California, designed by architect Vincent Dyer and home to Otis Chandler's extensive collection of vintage and rare automobiles, motorcycles, and trains as well as fine art and wildlife games. After its founder died, the collection was auctioned off in late 2006. The museum reopened in 2010 as the Mullin Automotive Museum, displaying the Peter W. Mullin collection, including 12 Bugattis from the former Schlumpf Collection.

Otis Chandler
Otis Chandler (November 23, 1927 – February 27, 2006) was the publisher of the Los Angeles Times between 1960 and 1980, leading a large expansion of the newspaper and its ambitions. He was the fourth and final member of the Chandler family to hold the paper's top position.

Chandler made improvement of the paper's quality a top priority, succeeding in raising the product's reputation, as well as its profit margins. "No publisher in America improved a paper so quickly on so grand a scale, took a paper that was marginal in qualities and brought it to excellence as Otis Chandler did," journalist David Halberstam wrote in his history of the company.