hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Convention for the Protection of the Architectural Heritage of Europe
The Convention for the Protection of the Architectural Heritage of Europe (French: Convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine architectural de l'Europe), commonly known as the Granada Convention (French: Convention de Grenade), is a legally binding treaty that establishes a framework for architectural conservation in Europe. It was opened for signature in 1985 and entered into force on 1 December 1987. Of the forty-three member states of the Council of Europe, forty-two have ratified or acceded to the convention.

Adopted after three decades of cooperation among Council of Europe member states, the convention provides an important framework for safeguarding the cultural heritage of monuments and sites.

Together with the Framework Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society and the European Convention on the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage, the Granada Convention forms a central element of cultural heritage protection and policy development in Europe.

Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property
Conservation and restoration of immovable cultural property describes the process through which the material, historical, and design integrity of any immovable cultural property are prolonged through carefully planned interventions. The individual engaged in this pursuit is known as an architectural conservator-restorer. Decisions of when and how to engage in an intervention are critical to the ultimate conservation-restoration of cultural heritage. Ultimately, the decision is value based: a combination of artistic, contextual, and informational values is normally considered. In some cases, a decision to not intervene may be the most appropriate choice.
Toshi Kasai
Toshi Kasai is a Japanese record producer, engineer, mixer and musician. He is most well known for his strong vocal production work with hard rock and metal groups such as his long standing relationship with The Melvins and his work with Tool.

In addition to his recorded production work, Toshi was a member of the band Big Business and Nate Mendel's band Lieutenant. He is also a member of Altamont, The Dale Crover Band. In 2019, he opened for Melvins and Redd Kross under his own name, playing Moog Synthesizer to oscilloscope and projections.

Dale Crover
Dale Crover (born October 23, 1967) is an American rock musician. He is best known as the drummer for Melvins and has also been the drummer for Men of Porn, Shrinebuilder, Crystal Fairy and, for a brief time, Nirvana. He is also guitarist and vocalist for Altamont. He has toured with Fantômas (filling in for Dave Lombardo), Off!, and Redd Kross. In 2016, Rolling Stone listed him as the 69th greatest drummer of all time.
435th Bombardment Squadron
The 435th Bombardment Squadron, also known as the "Kangaroo" Squadron, is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  It was formed in Australia in March 1942 as the 40th Reconnaissance Squadron and participated in combat in the Southwest Pacific Theater until November, when it was withdrawn from combat and returned to the United States, where it acted as a Replacement Training Unit until October 1943, when its personnel and equipment were withdrawn.

The squadron was activated in April 1944 as a Boeing B-29 Superfortress unit, but was inactivated six weeks later, when B-29 groups reorganized from four to three squadrons.  It activated again later that summer, and trained with B-29s until une 1945, when it deployed to Kadena Air Base, Okinawa, just before V-J Day.  It remained on Okinawa until it was inactivated on 28 May 1946.

Kadena Air Base
Kadena Air Base (嘉手納飛行場, Kadena Hikōjō) (IATA: DNA, ICAO: RODN) is a United States Air Force base in the towns of Kadena and Chatan and the city of Okinawa, in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It is often referred to as the "Keystone of the Pacific" because of its highly strategic location. It is located 650 km (400 mi) off the coast of China and at a distance of 770 km (480 mi) from Shanghai, a major Chinese economic hub. It is home to the USAF's 18th Wing, the 353rd Special Operations Wing, reconnaissance units, 1st Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment, and a variety of associated units. Over 20,000 American servicemembers, family members, and Japanese employees live or work at Kadena Air Base. It is the largest and most active U.S. Air Force base in East Asia.
Siege of Chittorgarh (1303)
In 1303, the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji captured the Chittor Fort from the Guhila king Ratnasimha, after an eight month long siege. The conflict has been described in several legendary accounts, including the historic epic poem Padmavat, which claims that Alauddin's motive was to obtain Ratnasimha's beautiful wife Padmavati.

Siege of Chittorgarh (1535)
The siege of Chittorgarh took place in 1535, when Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat attacked Chittor Fort, after the death of Rana Sanga, with the aim of expanding his kingdom. The fort's defense was led by the widows of Sanga.
FitzAlan
FitzAlan is an English patronymic surname of Anglo-Norman origin, descending from the knight Alan fitz Flaad (died 1120), who accompanied King Henry I to England on his succession.  He was grandson of the Seneschal of the Bishop of Dol. The FitzAlan family shared a common patrilineal ancestry with the House of Stuart.

The FitzAlans held the Earldom of Arundel from 1267 to 1580.

Variants of this surname include Fitz-Alan, Fitzalan, Fitzallen, and Fitz Alan.

Ancient Diocese of Dol
The Breton and French Catholic diocese of Dol, situated in the northern part of the department of Ille-et-Vilaine, 6 km (3.8 mi) from the English Channel coast and 22 km (14 mi) southeast of Saint-Malo, existed from 848 until the French Revolution. It was suppressed by the Concordat of 1801.

The seat of the bishop was the cathedral of Saint Samson. Its scattered territory (deriving from the holdings of the Celtic monastery, and including an enclave at the mouth of the Seine) was shared  mainly by the Diocese of Rennes and the Diocese of Saint-Brieuc.
Chasing Red
Chasing Red is a 2015 American documentary film about the 2012 Festival of San Fermín and the running of the bulls in Pamplona, Spain. The film was directed by Dennis Clancey, an American bull runner, and distributed by Magnolia Pictures.

Festival of San Fermín
The festival of San Fermín is a week-long, traditional celebration held annually in the city of Pamplona, Navarre, Spain. The celebrations start at noon on 6 July and continue until midnight on 14 July. A firework (chupinazo) starts the celebrations and the popular song Pobre de mí  is sung at the end.

The most known event of the festival is the running of the bulls, which begins at 8 am each day on 7–14 July, but the festival involves many other traditional and folkloric events. It is known locally as Sanfermines in Spanish and Sanferminak in Basque and is held in honour of Saint Fermin, the co-patron of Navarre.
All Roads Lead to Ausfahrt
All Roads Lead to Ausfahrt is the tenth and final studio album by Vancouver punk rock band Nomeansno.  It was released by the band's own Wrong Records imprint, in conjunction with AntAcidAudio in North America and Southern Records in Europe, making it their first record not to be released by the Alternative Tentacles imprint since Mama in 1982.  The album marked a return to shorter and more conventional songs than their previous efforts, Dance of the Headless Bourgeoisie (1998) and One (2000).

Dance of the Headless Bourgeoisie
Dance of the Headless Bourgeoisie is the eighth full-length album released by Canadian punk rock band Nomeansno.  It was initially released on Alternative Tentacles in 1998 as a 10-track CD and 12-track double LP.  The band's own label Wrong Records, along with distributors Southern Records, re-released the 12-track version of the album in 2007, 2010, and 2014 with modified track order and art.

Although Nomeansno's music was "always as indebted to avant-garde as to hardcore," Dance of the Headless Bourgeoisie is one of their most varied and experimental records.  Critics generally received it well, although some were frustrated by the band's experimentation, and drummer John Wright later called the album "very obscure" and "not our greatest album."
2007–08 Sevilla FC season
The 2007–08 season was Sevilla Fútbol Club's seventh consecutive season in La Liga. Juande Ramos began the season as the club's manager but left in late October to take over the vacant manager role at Tottenham Hotspur. He was replaced by Manolo Jiménez. Along with the domestic league, Sevilla competed in this season's editions of the Copa del Rey, Supercopa de España, UEFA Champions League, and UEFA Super Cup.

Sevilla won the Supercopa de España for the first time in the club's history with a 6–3 aggregate win over Real Madrid.

2007–08 La Liga
The 2007–08 La Liga season was the 77th since its establishment. It began on 25 August 2007, and concluded on 18 May 2008.

Real Madrid secured a second consecutive La Liga title following a 2–1 victory over Osasuna on 4 May 2008. This season, all European leagues ended earlier than the previous season, due to the impending UEFA Euro 2008 tournament. It also was the first year of the new La Liga television agreement, which saw La Sexta mark its first year of television broadcasting.
Kyle DeVan
Kyle De Van (born February 10, 1985) is an American football coach and former guard who is the assistant offensive line coach with the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He was previously an assistant coach for the New Orleans Saints. During his playing career, he was signed by the Washington Redskins as an undrafted free agent in 2008. He played college football for the Oregon State Beavers.

De Van was also a member of the New York Jets, Indianapolis Colts, Philadelphia Eagles, and Tennessee Titans of the NFL, and the Boise Burn of AF2.

In the 2009 NFL season, De Van was signed by the Indianapolis Colts, and later became the team's starting right guard. He started in the 2009 Super Bowl, in which the Colts lost to the Saints.

Oregon State Beavers football
The Oregon State Beavers football team represents Oregon State University in NCAA Division I FBS college football. The team first fielded an organized football team in 1893 and is a member of the Pac-12 Conference.

Their home games are played at Reser Stadium in Corvallis, Oregon.
Tashawn Manning
Tashawn Manning (born May 23, 1998) is an American professional football guard. He played college football for the Auburn Tigers and Kentucky Wildcats, and was signed by the Baltimore Ravens as an undrafted free agent in 2023.

Kentucky Wildcats football
The Kentucky Wildcats football program represents the University of Kentucky in the sport of American football. The Wildcats compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Wildcats play their home games at Kroger Field in Lexington, Kentucky and are led by first-year head coach Will Stein.
David Gorski
David Henry Gorski is an American surgical oncologist and professor of surgery at Wayne State University School of Medicine. He specializes in breast cancer surgery at the Karmanos Cancer Institute. Gorski is an outspoken skeptic and critic of alternative medicine and the anti-vaccination movement. He writes as Orac at Respectful Insolence and as himself at Science-Based Medicine, where he is the managing editor.

Surgical oncology
Surgical oncology is the branch of surgery applied to oncology; it focuses on the surgical management of tumors, especially cancerous tumors.

As one of several modalities in the management of cancer, the specialty of surgical oncology has evolved in steps similar to medical oncology (pharmacotherapy for cancer), which grew out of hematology, and radiation oncology, which grew out of radiology. The Ewing Society—known today as the Society of Surgical Oncology—was started by surgeons interested in promoting the field of oncology. In 2011, the American Board of Surgery ratified Complex General Surgical Oncology via a specialty Board certification. The field was expected to continue expanding via the proliferation of cancer centers, as well as advanced minimally invasive techniques, palliative surgery, and neo-adjuvant treatments.
1892–1896 Mississippi Legislature
The 1892–1896 Mississippi Legislature was a legislative term in the United States composed of the Mississippi State Senate and the Mississippi House of Representatives that met in two sessions in 1892 and 1894.

Mississippi House of Representatives
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi, the upper house being the Mississippi Senate. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House, candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
Main Hoon Shahid Afridi
Main Hoon Shahid Afridi (Urdu: میں ہوں شاہد آفریدی, romanized: I Am Shahid Afridi) is a  2013 Pakistani sports film directed by Syed Ali Raza Usama and produced by Humayun Saeed and Shahzad Nasib. The film features Humayun Saeed, Javed Shaikh and Noman Habib in the lead roles. Nadeem Baig, Shafqat Cheema, Ismail Tara, Ainy Jaffri, Hamza Ali Abbasi and Shehzad Sheikh also play important roles in the film, whilst the cricketer Shahid Afridi is also in the movie.

Jawed Sheikh
Jawed Sheikh (also spelled Javaid and Javed; born 8 October 1954) is a Pakistani actor, film director and producer who works in Lollywood and Bollywood. He is best known for working in the Hindi films Om Shanti Om, My Name Is Anthony Gonsalves, Money Hai Toh Honey Hai, Namastey London, etc.
2005 FINA Women's Water Polo World League
The 2005 FINA Women's Water Polo World League was the second edition of the annual event, organised by the world's governing body in aquatics, the FINA. Two qualification tournaments were held, before the Super Finals took off in Kirishi, Russia from August 18 to August 21, 2005.

Kirishi
Kirishi (Russian: Ки́риши, IPA: [ˈkʲirʲɪʂɨ]) is a town and the administrative center of Kirishsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volkhov River, 115 kilometers (71 mi) southeast of St. Petersburg. Population:  52,309 (2010 census); 55,634 (2002 census); 53,014 (1989 Soviet census).

It was previously known as Soltsy (until 1931).
Friedrich Wilhelm von Thulemeyer
Friedrich Wilhelm von Thulemeyer or Frederick William von Thulemeier was born or baptized on November 9, 1735. He died July 6, 1811, also in Berlin. In 1763 he was sent by Frederick the Great as a diplomat in the Republic of the Seven United Provinces. In 1784/85 he was one of the architects of a trade relations between the US and Prussia. In 1788 he became justice minister under Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia. Of particular importance is - even today - his collection of music prints.

Frederick William II of Prussia
Frederick William II (German: Friedrich Wilhelm II.; 25 September 1744 – 16 November 1797) was King of Prussia from 1786 until his death in 1797. He was also Prince-elector of Brandenburg and Prince of Neuchâtel.

As a defensive reaction to the French Revolution, Frederick William II ended the German Dualism between Prussia and Austria. Domestically, he turned away from the enlightened style of government of his predecessor and introduced a tightened system of censorship and religious control. The king was an important patron of the arts especially in the field of music. As a skilled cellist he enjoyed the dedication of various cell centric compositions by composers Mozart, Haydn, Boccherini, and Beethoven. He was also responsible for some of the most notable architecture in Prussia, including the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, the Marble Palace, and Orangery in the New Garden, Potsdam.
IC4DESIGN
IC4DESIGN is a Hiroshima-based illustration and design studio founded in 2006 by Japanese artist Hiro Kamigaki. The studio is known for its highly detailed, hand-drawn visual style, characterized by dense architectural environments, maze-like compositions, humorous background narratives, and bright, pop-art–inspired palettes.

Its best-known creation is the puzzle-book series Pierre the Maze Detective, which has sold more than one million copies and has been translated into over thirty languages. The studio has produced editorial, commercial, and narrative illustration for clients worldwide. Its work has been recognized by major illustration and design bodies, including American Illustration, the Society of Illustrators, and the Art Directors Club of New York (ADC).

Art Directors Club of New York
The Art Directors Club of New York is an organization for art directors in New York City. It was founded in 1920, and has grown as an industry group, promoting art directors' work through exhibitions and awards, including the annual DESI award for design excellence.
Graphical lasso
In statistics, the graphical lasso is a penalized likelihood estimator for the precision matrix (also called the concentration matrix or inverse covariance matrix) of a multivariate elliptical distribution. Through the use of an  penalty, it performs regularization to give a sparse estimate for the precision matrix. In the case of multivariate Gaussian distributions, sparsity in the precision matrix corresponds to conditional independence between the variables therefore implying a Gaussian graphical model.

The graphical lasso was originally formulated to solve Dempster's covariance selection problem for the multivariate Gaussian distribution when observations were limited. Subsequently, the optimization algorithms to solve this problem were improved and extended  to other types of estimators and distributions.

Graphical model
A graphical model or probabilistic graphical model (PGM) or structured probabilistic model is a probabilistic model for which a graph expresses the conditional dependence structure between random variables. Graphical models are commonly used in probability theory, statistics—particularly Bayesian statistics—and machine learning.
Frailty (2001 film)
Frailty is a 2001 psychological horror film directed by and starring Bill Paxton, and co-starring Matthew McConaughey and Powers Boothe. It marks Paxton's directorial debut. The plot focuses on the strange relationship between two young brothers and their father, who believes that he has been commanded by God to destroy demons disguised as people. The film premiered at the Deep Ellum Film Festival on November 7, 2001 before being released by Lions Gate Films on April 12, 2002, to generally positive reviews from critics and grossing $17.4 million against an $11 million budget.

Lionsgate Films
Lionsgate Films, previously spelled as Lions Gate and formerly known as Cinépix Film Properties, is a Canadian-American film production and distribution company founded in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, on June 15, 1962. Headquartered in Santa Monica, California, it is owned by Lionsgate Studios since May 14, 2024.

Lionsgate is the second-largest and most successful mini-major film studio in North America. The studio focuses on foreign and independent films and has distributed various commercially successful film franchises, including Saw, The Hunger Games, Rambo, Divergent, The Punisher, John Wick, Madea, Blair Witch, Now You See Me, Hostel, The Expendables, Sinister, The Twilight Saga, Step Up, and Den of Thieves.
Suwa clan
The Suwa clan (諏訪氏, Suwa-shi), also known as the Jin or Miwa clan (神氏, Miwa uji / Miwa-shi or Jinshi) was a Japanese shake and samurai family. Originating from the area encompassing Lake Suwa in Shinano Province (modern-day Nagano Prefecture), it was originally a family of priests who served at the Upper Shrine of Suwa located on the southwestern side of the lake. By the Kamakura period, it thrived as a prominent samurai clan with close ties to the shogunate.

Surviving the fall of both the Kamakura shogunate and the Southern Imperial Court which it supported, its feud with local rival clans, and frequent clashes with its neighbor in Kai, the Takeda clan, during the Sengoku period (which ended in the extinction of the main family),  by the Edo period the clan had split into two branches: one ruling the Suwa Domain of Shinano as daimyō, with the other continuing to serve as priests of Suwa Shrine until the Meiji era.

Shinano Province
Shinano Province (信濃国, Shinano no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [ɕiꜜ.na.no (no kɯ.ɲi), ɕi.na.noꜜ-]) or Shinshū (信州, [ɕiꜜɰ̃.ɕɯː]) is an old province of Japan that is now Nagano Prefecture.

Shinano bordered Echigo, Etchū, Hida, Kai, Kōzuke, Mikawa, Mino, Musashi, Suruga, and Tōtōmi Provinces. The ancient capital was located near modern-day Matsumoto, which became an important city of the province.

The World War II-era Japanese aircraft carrier Shinano was named after this old province.
Kazakh Business
Kazakh Business (Russian: Бизнес по-казахски, Kazakh: Қазақша бизнес) is a 2016 Kazakh comedy film. Centering on hotel owner Kanat Baltabayev, it follows his and his unprofessional newly-appointed employee relatives' misadventures.

Directed by musician and music video creator Jenishan Momyşev and produced by comedian Nurlan Koyanbayev, the film became a massive success. Later, sequels were made and the eponymous media franchise developed.

Nepotism
Nepotism is the act of granting an advantage, privilege, or position to relatives in an occupation or field. These fields can include business, politics, academia, entertainment, sports, religion or health care. In concept, it is similar to cronyism.

The term originated with the assignment of nephews, sons, or other relatives to important positions by Catholic popes and bishops. Nepotism has been criticized since ancient history by philosophers, including Aristotle, Valluvar, and Confucius, condemning it as both evil and unwise.
Tellumpoccoe War
Tellumpoccoe War was a power struggle conflict between the Makassarese (under the Sultanate of Gowa) and Buginese kingdoms (under the Kingdom of Boné) in the South Sulawesi region and Ajatappareng, which had been going on since the late 16th century. Tellumpoccoe refers to a military alliance between three Buginese states (Boné, Wajoq, and Soppéng) formed in the Treaty of Timurung (1582), to face the expansion of Gowa-Tallo whose power was increasingly expanding.

Bone State
Bone (also Boni, or Bone Saoraja) or Bone State was a sultanate in the south-west peninsula of what is now Sulawesi (formerly Celebes), a province of modern-day Indonesia. It came under Dutch rule in 1905, and was succeeded by the Bone Regency.

Covering an area of 2,600 square kilometres (1,000 sq mi), Bone's chief town Boni, lay 130 kilometres (81 mi) northeast of the city of Makassar, home to the Bugis people.