hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dvārakā–Kamboja route
The Dvārakā–Kamboja route is an ancient land trade route that was an important branch of the Silk Road during antiquity and the early medieval era. It is referred to in Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain works. It connected the Kamboja Kingdom in today's Afghanistan and Tajikistan via Pakistan to Dvārakā (Dvaravati) and other major ports in Gujarat, India, permitting goods from Afghanistan and China to be exported by sea to southern India, Sri Lanka, the Middle East and Ancient Greece and Rome. 
The road was the second most important ancient caravan route linking India with the nations of the northwest.

Kambojas
The Kambojas were a southeastern Iranian people[a] who inhabited the northeastern most part of the territory populated by Iranian tribes, which bordered the Indian lands. They only appear in Indo-Aryan inscriptions and literature, being first attested during the later part of the Vedic period.

They spoke a language similar to Younger Avestan, whose words are considered to have been incorporated in the Aramao-Iranian version of the Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription erected by the Maurya emperor Ashoka (r. 268–232 BCE). They were adherents of Zoroastrianism, as demonstrated by their beliefs that insects, snakes, worms, frogs, and other small animals had to be killed, a practice mentioned in the Avestan Vendidad.
Palma Nova
Palma Nova (Balearic Catalan pronunciation: [ˈpalmə ˈnɔvə]; "New Palma") is a town on the Spanish Balearic island of Mallorca, in the municipality of Calvià.

Palma Nova was one of the first purpose-built tourist destinations on the island, catering for all tastes. The town is frequented by a range of socio-economic groups due to the proximity to both the city of Palma and the resort of Magaluf. With the advent of low-cost airlines and package holidays, Palma Nova has grown to become a major holiday destination for Europeans.

Vuelta a Mallorca, Challange Mallorca, Trofeo Calvia. Finished at Palamova. 25 January 2024.

Palma de Mallorca
Palma, also known as Palma de Mallorca (officially between 1983–1988, 2006–2008, and 2012–2016), is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands in Spain. It is situated on the south coast of Mallorca on the Bay of Palma. With a population of 438,234 as of 2024, it is the 8th-largest city in Spain.

The Cabrera Archipelago, though widely separated from Palma proper, is part of the municipality.
Fire control tower
A fire control tower is a structure located near the coastline, used to detect and locate enemy vessels offshore, direct fire upon them from coastal batteries, or adjust the aim of guns by spotting shell splashes. Fire control towers came into general use in coastal defence systems in the late 19th century, as rapid development significantly increased the range of both naval guns and coastal artillery. This made fire control more complex. These towers were used in a number of countries' coastal defence systems through 1945, much later in a few cases such as Sweden. The Atlantic Wall in German-occupied Europe during World War II included fire control towers.

The U.S. Coast Artillery fire control system included many fire control towers. These were introduced in the U.S. with the Endicott Program, and were used between about 1900 and the end of WWII.

Fire-control system
A fire-control system (FCS) is an integrated system of components that assists a gunner in executing tasks needed to achieve accurate firing by means of full or semi automation. It performs the same task as a human gunner firing a weapon, but attempts to do so faster and more accurately.
Innisfree Garden
Innisfree Garden is an American nonprofit public garden influenced by Chinese style in Millbrook, New York. The garden was established between 1930 and 1960 as the private garden of Walter and Marion Beck, inspired by scroll paintings of the 8th-century Chinese poet and painter Wang Wei. With the help of landscape architect Lester Collins from Harvard University, individual garden scenes inspired by the Chinese paintings were connected to an overall landscape around a glacial lake, in keeping with the ecological surroundings.

From 1960, the garden was managed by a foundation headed by Collins, and open to the public. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Dutchess County in 2019.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Dutchess County, New York
List of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Dutchess County, New York

This is intended to be a complete list of the 131 properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Dutchess County, New York outside of Poughkeepsie and Rhinebeck. The locations of National Register properties and districts (at least for all showing latitude and longitude coordinates below) may be seen in a map by clicking on "Map of all coordinates".
There are eight properties and districts which are further designated National Historic Landmarks in the county.

Locations in the city and town of Poughkeepsie are listed separately, as are the locations in the town and village of Rhinebeck.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted November 21, 2025.
Disholcaspis
Disholcaspis is a genus of gall wasps in the family Cynipidae. There are more than 40 species described in the genus Disholcaspis. Some Disholcaspis species induce galls that produce honeydew, a sweet liquid that attracts yellow jackets, ants, and bees. These insects then protect the galls from parasitic wasps.

Gall wasp
Gall wasps, also traditionally called gallflies, or cynipids, are hymenopterans of the family Cynipidae in the wasp superfamily Cynipoidea. Their common name comes from the galls they induce on plants for larval development. About 1,300 species of cynipids are known worldwide, with about 360 species of 36 different genera in Europe and some 800 species in North America. Diplolepididae were traditionally included within the Cynipidae but have since been designated as their own family after some more recent phylogenetic studies.
R2 Marine Dr
The R2 Marine Dr is an express bus service with bus rapid transit elements in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Part of TransLink's RapidBus network, it travels along Marine Drive, 3rd Street, Cotton Road, and Main Street in North Vancouver and connects major North Shore transit points Park Royal Exchange, Lonsdale Quay, and Phibbs Exchange.

The route started service on April 6, 2020. It is operated by Coast Mountain Bus Company and funded by TransLink.

All articulated buses used on this route are hybrid and air-conditioned. Although articulated buses are mainly assigned, standard buses may be assigned instead.

Park Royal Exchange
Park Royal Exchange is an on-street transit exchange in West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Opened on October 16, 1959, it lies on Marine Drive at the Park Royal Shopping Centre and has connections to the Horseshoe Bay Ferry Terminal, the City and District of North Vancouver (including Capilano University), and Vancouver.
2018 Belarusian Premier League
The 2018 Belarusian Premier League was the 28th season of top-tier football in Belarus. BATE Borisov were the defending champions, having won their 12th consecutive league title and 14th overall last year, and successfully defended their crown.

2017 Belarusian Premier League
The 2017 Belarusian Premier League was the 27th season of top-tier football in Belarus. The season began on 1 April 2017 and ended on 26 November 2017. BATE Borisov were the defending champions, having won their 11th consecutive league title and 13th overall last year, and successfully defended their crown.
Order of Myths
The Order of Myths, (OOMs) founded in 1867,
is the second oldest mystic society to celebrate Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama, after the Striker's Independent Society. It is the oldest continuously parading mystic society in Mobile. The Order of Myths chose, as its symbolic emblem, Folly chasing Death around a broken column of life. During parades, a person dressed in a jester's suit, as Folly, chases a person dressed in a skeleton suit as Death, around a Greek column on the emblem float. At the conclusion of the traditional OOM parade, Death is defeated, and Folly wins the day.

The first parading mystic society, the Cowbellion de Rakin Society, formed in 1830-1831, was disbanded in the early 1900s but has since been re-created circa 1990. The oldest known mystic society in the history of Mobile was the Boeuf Gras Society, founded in 1711, but it ceased in 1861, during the American Civil War, as later Mobile was occupied by Union troops and all public activities were heavily restricted.

Striker's Independent Society
The Striker's Independent Society (SIS) is the oldest continuously active mystic society in Mobile, founded in 1843 (during Mobile's first American period), Alabama. Mobile's Mardi Gras history spans over 300 years, as customs changed with the ruling nations: Mobile was the capital of French Louisiana in 1702, then British in 1763, then Spanish in 1780, entered the Republic of Alabama, was declared American in 1812 (captured in 1813), a U.S. state in 1819, then Confederate in 1860, then became American again in 1865 and participated in Carnival during New Year's Eve and New Year's Day celebrations. It is the oldest remaining mystic society in America but no longer hosts an annual parade.
Komagawa Kaishin-ryū
Komagawa Kaishin-ryū (駒川改心流) is a traditional Japanese martial art established by Komagawa Tarōzaemon Kuniyoshi (later Komagawa Kaishin) based on the Shinkage-ryū of Kamiizumi Ise no kami Nobutsuna. The art is now part of the Kuroda family bujutsu and the only authorized teacher is sōke Kuroda Tetsuzan himself (see Teaching section).

Shinkage-ryū
Shinkage-ryū (新陰流) meaning "new shadow school", is a traditional school (koryu) of Japanese martial arts, founded by Kamiizumi Ise-no-Kami Fujiwara-no-Hidetsuna, later Kamiizumi Ise-no-Kami Nobutsuna (上泉 伊勢守 信綱, 1508–1578) in the mid-sixteenth century. Shinkage-ryū is primarily a school of swordsmanship (kenjutsu and iaijutsu) and is a synthesis of Nobutsuna's studies in the school of Kage-ryū (Aizu). Shinkage-ryu can also refer to Kashima-derived schools such as Kashima Shinden Jikishinkage Ryu and Kashima Shin Ryu.
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), sometimes referred to as NIRS or Optical Topography (OT), is an optical brain monitoring technique which uses near-infrared spectroscopy for the purpose of functional neuroimaging. Using fNIRS, brain activity is measured by using near-infrared light to estimate cortical hemodynamic activity that occurs in response to neural activity. The use of fNIRS has led to advances in different fields such as cognitive neuroscience, clinical applications, developmental science and sport and exercise science. The signal is often compared with the BOLD signal measured by fMRI and is capable of measuring changes both in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin concentration, but can only measure from regions near the cortical surface.

Blood-oxygenation-level–dependent imaging
Blood-oxygenation-level–dependent imaging, or BOLD-contrast imaging, is a method used in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to observe the Blood-oxygenation-level in different areas of the brain or other organs, which are found to be active at any given time.
Kinallen
Kinallen (from Irish Cionn Álainn, meaning 'beautiful headland') is a small village and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is four miles from Dromore and two miles from Dromara.

The village has a shop, Post Office, Day Care center, Fair Hill Primary school and Nursery Unit, and an Orange Hall. Also First Dromara Presbyterian Church is located just beyond the townland boundary.

Dromara
Dromara (from Irish Droim mBearach, meaning 'ridge of heifers') is a village, townland (of 242 acres) and civil parish in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the southwest of Ballynahinch on the northern slopes of Slieve Croob, with the River Lagan flowing through it. It is situated in Dromara (civil parish) and the historic barony of Iveagh Lower, Lower Half. In the 2021 census it had a population of 1,118 people.
German submarine U-2332
German submarine U-2332 was a Type XXIII U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 7 July 1944, and was laid down on 20 September 1944 at Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft AG, Kiel, as yard number 941. She was launched on 18 October 1944 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Dieter Bornkessel on 13 November 1944.

Type XXIII submarine
German Type XXIII submarines were the first so-called elektroboote ("electric boats") to become operational. They were small coastal submarines designed to operate in the shallow waters of the North Sea, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea, where larger Type XXI electric boats were at risk in World War II. They were so small they could carry only two torpedoes, which had to be loaded externally. As with their far larger sisters—the Type XXI—they were able to remain submerged almost all of the time and were faster than conventional U-boats, due to the improved streamlining of their shape, batteries with larger capacity and the snorkel, which allowed the diesel engines to be used while submerged. The Type XXI and XXIII U-boats revolutionized post-war submarine design. Nearly a thousand Type XXIII boats were projected towards the close of World War II, but most of these were either cancelled, scrapped incomplete, or only projected.
1789 Dobrovolsky
1789 Dobrovolsky (prov. designation: 1966 QC) is a Flora asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 19 August 1966, by Russian astronomer Lyudmila Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnyj on the Crimean peninsula. The asteroid was named after cosmonaut Georgy Dobrovolsky.

Flora family
The Flora family (adj. Florian; FIN: 402; also known as the Ariadne family) is a prominent family of stony asteroids located in the inner region of the asteroid belt. It is one of the largest families with more than 13,000 known members, or approximately 3.5% of all main-belt asteroids.

The origin and properties of this family are relatively poorly understood. It is a very broad family which gradually fades into the surrounding background population. While the largest members, 8 Flora and 43 Ariadne, are located near the edge, there are several distinct groupings within the family, possibly created by later, secondary collisions. Due to this complex internal structure and the poorly defined boundaries, the Flora family has also been described as an asteroid clan. Only a few interlopers have been identified. This family may be the source of the impactor that formed the Chicxulub crater, the likely culprit in the extinction of the dinosaurs.
Ole Tidemand
Ole Tidemand (31 October 1710–9 January 1778) was a Norwegian theologian and priest.  He served as a bishop of the Diocese of Bjørgvin from 1757 until 1762 and then Bishop of the Diocese of Christianssand from 1762 until 1778.  Bishop Tidemand always had powerful friends in Copenhagen, the capital of the Kingdom of Denmark-Norway.  Most notably, the Dowager Queen Juliana Maria was a supporter of his.  Tidemand was a student and colleague of Bishop Erik Pontoppidan and a leader in the pietist movement in Norway.

Erik Pontoppidan
Erik Ludvigsen Pontoppidan (24 August 1698 – 20 December 1764) was a Danish author, a Lutheran bishop of the Church of Norway, a historian, and an antiquarian. His Catechism of the Church of Denmark heavily influenced Danish and Norwegian religious thought and practice for roughly the next 200 years after its 1737 publication.
Pâté de Foie Gras (short story)
"Pâté de Foie Gras" is a 1956 science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov, originally published by Astounding Science Fiction.

Like Asimov's "The Endochronic Properties of Resublimated Thiotimoline", "Pâté de Foie Gras" is a scientific spoof article, updating one of Aesop's Fables, The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs.

The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs
"The Goose that Laid the Golden Eggs" is one of Aesop's Fables, numbered 87 in the Perry Index, a story that also has a number of Eastern analogues. Many other stories contain geese that lay golden eggs, though certain versions change them for hens or other birds that lay golden eggs. The tale has given rise to the idiom 'killing the goose that lays the golden eggs', which refers to the short-sighted destruction of a valuable resource, or to an unprofitable action motivated by greed.
Sale railway station, Victoria
Sale railway station is a regional railway station on the Gippsland line, part of the Victorian railway network. It serves the town of the same name, in Victoria, Australia, and originally opened on 1 June 1877. The current station, on a different site, was opened in December 1983.

Gippsland line
The Traralgon line is a regional passenger rail service operated by V/Line in Victoria, Australia. It serves 19 stations towards its terminus in the regional town of Traralgon, with some services continuing to Bairnsdale as the Bairnsdale line.
Fort Fareham
Fort Fareham is one of the Palmerston Forts, in Fareham, England. After the Gosport Advanced Line of Fort Brockhurst, Fort Elson, Fort Rowner, Fort Grange and Fort Gomer had been approved by the Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom a decision was made to build an outer line of three more forts two miles in advance of the Gosport Advanced Line. Of these three projected forts only Fort Fareham was built due to the need to cut costs. It acted as a hinge between the forts on Portsdown Hill and those of the Gosport Advanced Line, filling the gap at Fareham. It has been a Grade II Listed Building since 1976.

Fort Elson
Fort Elson was one of the early Palmerston Forts, in Gosport, England, the northernmost polygonal land fort in the defence line to the west of Gosport. It was located on land immediately to the south of Elson  Creek, to which it was connected by a sluice. Fort Elson was the most northerly fort in the line of five which formed part of the ‘Sea Front and Spithead Defences’, Inner Line, Land Front, and Left Flank. This line of forts was later known as the Gomer-Elson Line or 'Gosport Advanced Line' This consisted of, from south to north, Fort Gomer, Fort Grange, Fort Rowner, Fort Brockhurst and Fort Elson.  Work began on Fort Elson in 1855. The estimated cost of Fort Elson was £63,740 with the actual cost £61,180.
2018 League of Ireland Cup final
The 2018 League of Ireland Cup final was the final match of the 2018 League of Ireland Cup, played between Derry City and Cobh Ramblers. The match was played on 16 September 2018. The match was won by Derry City, who claimed their record 11th League Cup trophy. The final was shown live on Eir Sport
and was Cobh Ramblers first ever national cup final appearance.

2018 League of Ireland Cup
The 2018 League of Ireland Cup, known for sponsorship reasons as the 2018 EA Sports Cup, was the 45th season of the League of Ireland's secondary knockout competition. The EA Sports Cup features teams from the SSE Airtricity League Premier and First Divisions, as well as some intermediate level teams. Derry City won the cup for a record 11th time.
Generalized randomized block design
In randomized statistical experiments, generalized randomized block designs (GRBDs) are used to study the interaction between blocks and treatments. For a GRBD, each treatment is replicated at least two times in each block; this replication allows the estimation and testing of an interaction term in the linear model (without making parametric assumptions about a normal distribution for the error).

Randomized experiment
In science, randomized experiments are the experiments that allow the greatest reliability and validity of statistical estimates of treatment effects. Randomization-based inference is especially important in experimental design and in survey sampling.
Slattery Report
The Slattery Report, officially titled The Problem of Alaskan Development, was produced by the United States Department of the Interior under President Franklin D. Roosevelt's secretary Harold L. Ickes in 1939–40. It was named after Undersecretary of the Interior Harry A. Slattery. The report, which dealt with Alaskan development through immigration, included a proposal to move European refugees, especially Jews from Nazi Germany and Austria, to four locations in Alaska, including Baranof Island and the Matanuska-Susitna Valley. Skagway, Petersburg and Seward were the only towns to endorse the proposal.

Territory of Alaska
The Territory of Alaska or Alaska Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States from August 24, 1912, until Alaska was granted statehood on January 3, 1959. The territory was previously Russian America, 1784–1867; the Department of Alaska, 1867–1884; and the District of Alaska, 1884–1912.
Stirling polynomials
In mathematics, the Stirling polynomials are a family of polynomials that generalize important sequences of numbers appearing in combinatorics and analysis, which are closely related to the Stirling numbers, the Bernoulli numbers, and the generalized Bernoulli polynomials. There are multiple variants of the Stirling polynomial sequence considered below most notably including the Sheffer sequence form of the sequence, , defined characteristically through the special form of its exponential generating function, and the Stirling (convolution) polynomials, , which also satisfy a characteristic ordinary generating function and that are of use in generalizing the Stirling numbers (of both kinds) to arbitrary complex-valued inputs. We consider the "convolution polynomial" variant of this sequence and its properties second in the last subsection of the article. Still other variants of the Stirling polynomials are studied in the supplementary links to the articles given in the references.

Sheffer sequence
In mathematics, a Sheffer sequence or poweroid is a polynomial sequence, i.e., a sequence ( pn(x) : n = 0, 1, 2, 3, ... )  of polynomials in which the index of each polynomial equals its degree, satisfying conditions related to the umbral calculus in combinatorics. They are named for Isador M. Sheffer.
Kurt Tiedke
Kurt Hermann Tiedke (30 May 1924 – 15 April 2015) was a German politician and party functionary of the Socialist Unity Party (SED).

A teacher at the SED's "Karl Marx" Party Academy in the 1950s, he was the longtime head of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the SED before briefly serving as First Secretary of the Bezirk Magdeburg SED, also becoming a member of the National Defense Council of the GDR.

He returned to the party academy in 1983 as principal upon the retirement of Hanna Wolf. Until his ouster during the Peaceful Revolution, Tiedke steadfastly held onto the SED's hardline stance.

Hanna Wolf
Hanna Wolf (née Haschka; 4 February 1908 – 22 June 1999) was an East German historian and socialist politician. She left Germany in 1932 for the Soviet Union where she became a Soviet citizen. She returned to East Germany in 1947 and held various posts, including rector of Parteihochschule Karl Marx (Party Academy Karl Marx). She was a long-term member of the central committee of the Socialist Unity Party (SED).