hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Renewable fuels
Renewable fuels are fuels produced from renewable resources.  Examples include: biofuels (e.g. Vegetable oil used as fuel, ethanol, methanol from clean energy and carbon dioxide or biomass, and biodiesel), Hydrogen fuel (when produced with renewable processes), and fully synthetic fuel (also known as electrofuel) produced from ambient carbon dioxide and water.  This is in contrast to non-renewable fuels such as natural gas, LPG (propane), petroleum and other fossil fuels and nuclear energy.  Renewable fuels can include fuels that are synthesized from renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar.  Renewable fuels have gained in popularity due to their sustainability, low contributions to the carbon cycle, and in some cases lower amounts of greenhouse gases.  The geo-political ramifications of these fuels are also of interest, particularly to industrialized economies which desire independence from Middle Eastern oil.

Non-renewable resource
A non-renewable resource (also called a finite resource) is a natural resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at a pace quick enough to keep up with consumption. An example is carbon-based fossil fuels. The original organic matter, with the aid of heat and pressure, becomes a fuel such as oil or gas. Earth minerals and metal ores, fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, natural gas) and groundwater in certain aquifers are all considered non-renewable resources, though individual elements are always conserved (except in nuclear reactions, nuclear decay or atmospheric escape).

Conversely, resources such as timber (when harvested sustainably) and wind (used to power energy conversion systems) are considered renewable resources, largely because their localized replenishment can also occur within our lifespans.
Jason Hall (writer)
Jason Hall is an American comic book writer.  His works include the creator-owned graphic novel series Pistolwhip (nominated for multiple prestigious Harvey Awards and one of Time Magazine's Top 10 Graphic Novels of 2001), Beware the Creeper and Trigger for DC/Vertigo, Batman Adventures, Justice League Adventures, Justice League Unlimited, Superman, Detective Comics, Ben 10, Samurai Jack, and Dexter's Laboratory for DC Comics, and Star Wars and Hellboy Animated for Dark Horse Comics.

Harvey Awards
The Harvey Awards are given for achievement in comic books. Named for writer-artist Harvey Kurtzman, the Harvey Awards were founded by Gary Groth in 1988, president of the publisher Fantagraphics, to be a successor to the Kirby Awards, which were discontinued in 1987.

The Harvey Awards are now nominated by the Harvey Awards Nomination Committee. The winners are selected by an open vote among comic-book professionals. The Harveys are no longer affiliated with Fantagraphics. The Harvey Awards Executive Committee is made up of unpaid volunteers, and the Awards are financed through sponsorships.

Since their inception, the awards have been hosted at a string of comic book conventions, starting at the Chicago Comicon, and subsequently moving to the Dallas Fantasy Fair, WonderCon, the Pittsburgh Comicon, the MoCCA Festival, the Baltimore Comic-Con, and currently the New York Comic Con.
Jeff Iorg
Jeff P. Iorg (born October 9, 1958) is an American author, pastor, church planter, teacher, speaker, and former president of Gateway Seminary (formerly Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary), an entity of the Southern Baptist Convention with five campuses located in the Western United States.

Gateway Seminary
Gateway Seminary (GS), formerly known as Golden Gate Baptist Theological Seminary, is a Baptist theological institute based in Ontario, California with campuses in Fremont, California; Phoenix, Arizona; Vancouver, Washington; and Centennial, Colorado. It is affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention.

The seminary is accredited by the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada and the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. Adam Groza has been the seminary president since April 15, 2024.
An-Nisa
An-Nisa' (Arabic: ٱلنِّسَاء, An-Nisāʾ; meaning: The Women) is the fourth chapter (sūrah) of the Quran, with 176 verses (āyāt). The title derives from the references to women throughout the chapter, including verse 34 and verses 4:127-130.

In the timing and contextual background of the surah in tradition, it is thought to have been revealed around the fourth year of the Hijrah, although some verses may have come from other times.  This would make it a Medinan surah, which came after the flight to Medina.

Asbab al-Nuzul
Occasions or circumstances of revelation (in Arabic أسباب النزول asbāb al-nuzūl) names the historical context in which Quranic verses were revealed from the perspective of traditional Islam. Though of some use in reconstructing the Qur'an's historicity, asbāb is by nature an exegetical rather than a historiographical genre, and as such usually associates the verses it explicates with general situations rather than specific events. The study of asbāb al-nuzūl is part of the study of Tafsir (interpretation of the Qur'an).
Suleiman of Germiyan
Suleiman Shah (Old Anatolian Turkish: سليمان شاه; died 1387), also known as Shah Chelebi, was Bey of Germiyan in western Anatolia from 1361 until his death. His reign was initially peaceful, but he was eventually involved in a conflict with the Karamanids, which forced him to seek an alliance with the Ottoman state. He arranged the marriage of his daughter Devletşah Hatun and Murad I's son and future successor, Bayezid. Although he secured an alliance with the Ottomans, Germiyan lost considerable land as Suleiman left numerous towns and smaller settlements for them to seize, including the capital Kütahya, as part of the dowry payment. Suleiman relocated to Kula and died there in 1387.

Karamanids
The Karamanids (Turkish: Karamanoğulları or Karamanoğulları Beyliği), also known as the Emirate of Karaman and Beylik of Karaman (Turkish: Karamanoğulları Beyliği), was a Turkish Anatolian beylik (principality) of Salur tribe origin, descended from Oghuz Turks, centered in South-Central Anatolia around the present-day Karaman Province. From the mid 14th century until its fall in 1487, the Karamanid dynasty was one of the most powerful beyliks in Anatolia.
Memorial of Glory (Tiraspol)
Memorial of Glory (Russian: Мемориал Славы, romanized: Memorial Slavy; Romanian: Memorialul Gloriei) is a city memorial located on Suvorov Square of Tiraspol, the capital of Transnistria, an unrecognized breakaway region of Moldova. It commemorates the Veterans and the dead of the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet-Afghan War, and the Transnistria War.

Transnistrian War
The Transnistrian War (Romanian: Războiul din Transnistria; Russian: Война в Приднестровье, romanized: Voyna v Pridnestrovye) was an armed conflict that broke out on 2 November 1990 in Dubăsari between pro-Transnistria (Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, PMR) forces, including the Transnistrian Republican Guard, militia and neo-Cossack units, which were supported by elements of the Russian 14th Army, and pro-Moldovan forces, including Moldovan troops and police.

Fighting intensified on 1 March 1992 and, alternating with ad hoc ceasefires, lasted throughout the spring and early summer of 1992 until a ceasefire was declared on 21 July 1992, which has held. The conflict is sometimes known as the Moldovan–Russian war (Romanian: Războiul moldo-rus) in Moldova and Romania.
Natte Yallock
Natte Yallock is a locality in the Australian state of Victoria. Natte Yallock is located in the Pyrenees Shire local government area, 200 km (or 120 miles) north-west of the state capital, Melbourne, and 90 km (or 56 miles) from the regional cities of Bendigo and Ballarat. At the 2006 census, Natte Yallock and the surrounding area had a population of 188.

Shire of Pyrenees
The Shire of Pyrenees is a local government area (LGA) in Victoria, Australia, located in the western part of the state. It covers an area of 3,435 square kilometres (1,326 sq mi) and in June 2018 had a population of 7,353. It includes the towns of Avoca, Beaufort, Lexton, Snake Valley and Trawalla.

The Shire is governed and administered by the Pyrenees Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Beaufort, it also has a service centre located in Avoca. The Shire is named after the major geographical feature in the region, the Pyrenees Ranges, located in the north of the Shire, which also lends its name to the Pyrenees wine region.
Fritz Walser
Fritz Walser (16 November 1870 – 26 March 1950) was a politician from Liechtenstein who served as President of the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1919 to 1921. He also served in the Landtag of Liechtenstein from 1906 to 1914, 1918 to 1922, and again from 1930 to 1932. Additionally, he was also the mayor of Schaan from 1909 to 1912 and again from 1915 to 1918.

Schaan
Schaan (German pronunciation: [ʃaːn] ⓘ; dialectal: Schaa) is the largest municipality of Liechtenstein by population. It is located to the north of Vaduz, the capital, in the central part of the country. As of 2019 it has a population of 6,039, making it the most populous administrative district in Liechtenstein. Representing an important traffic hub and industrial location of the country, Schaan covers an area of 26.92 km2 (10.39 mi2), including mountains and forest. It is a municipality within the electoral district of Oberland in the Principality of Liechtenstein. Schaan contains four exclaves: Brunnenegg, Gritsch, Guschg, and Plankner Neugrütt.
Eric Fanning
Eric Kenneth Fanning (born July 2, 1968) is the president and CEO of the Aerospace Industries Association industry trade group. He served as the 22nd Secretary of the Army from May 18, 2016, to January 20, 2017, the first openly gay leader of a U.S. military service. Before that, Fanning was the 24th United States Under Secretary of the Air Force.

Fanning has held a wide variety of roles in Congress, at the Department of Defense, in the White House, and as a consultant. He is only person to have held senior civilian appointments in the U.S. Army, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy, and in the Office of the Secretary of Defense.

United States Secretary of the Army
The secretary of the Army (SA or SECARMY) is a senior civilian official within the United States Department of Defense, with statutory responsibility for all matters relating to the United States Army: manpower, personnel, reserve affairs, installations, environmental issues, weapons systems and equipment acquisition, communications and financial management.

The secretary of the Army is nominated by the president of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate. The secretary is a non-Cabinet-level official, subordinate to the secretary of defense. This position was created on September 18, 1947, replacing the secretary of war, when the Department of War was split into the Department of the Army and Department of the Air Force.

On February 25, 2025, Daniel P. Driscoll was confirmed as the secretary of the Army, and was sworn in to office later that day.
Positano
Positano (Italian: [posiˈtaːno]; Neapolitan: Pusitano [pusiˈtɑːnə]) is a town and municipality on the Amalfi Coast in the Province of Salerno, in the region of Campania in Italy, mainly in an enclave in the hills leading down to the coast. It has 3,678 inhabitants.

Amalfi
Amalfi (UK: /əˈmælfi/, US: /ɑːˈmɑːlfi/, Italian: [aˈmalfi]) is a town and comune in the province of Salerno, in the region of Campania, Italy, on the Gulf of Salerno. It lies at the mouth of a deep ravine, at the foot of Monte Cerreto (1,315 metres, 4,314 feet), surrounded by dramatic cliffs and coastal scenery. The town of Amalfi was the capital of the maritime republic known as the Duchy of Amalfi, an important trading power in the Mediterranean between 839 and around 1200. It has 4,611 inhabitants.

The town became a popular seaside resort beginning in the Edwardian era, with members of the British upper class spending their winters in Amalfi. Amalfi is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Brindisi
Brindisi (US: /ˈbrɪndɪzi, ˈbriːn-/ BRIN-diz-ee, BREEN-, Italian: [ˈbrindizi] ⓘ; Brindisino: Brìnnisi) is a city in the region of Apulia in southern Italy, the capital of the province of Brindisi, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. Historically, the city has played an essential role in trade and culture due to its strategic position on the Italian Peninsula and its natural port on the Adriatic Sea. The city remains a major port for trade with the Balkan Peninsula, Greece and the Middle East. Its industries include agriculture, chemical works, and the generation of electricity.

From September 1943 to February 1944, Brindisi was the provisional government seat of the Kingdom of Italy.

Salentino dialect
Salentino (salentinu; salintinu; salentino) is an Extreme Southern Italian dialect (italiano meridionale estremo in Italian), spoken in the Salento peninsula, situated in the south of the Apulia region of Italy.
Gnaeus Manlius Vulso (consul 474 BC)
Gnaeus Manlius Vulso was Roman consul in 474 BC with Lucius Furius Medullinus Fusus.

The historian Livy calls him Gaius. Most modern writers refer to him as Aulus, assuming that he is the same person as the decemvir of 451 BC, who is called Aulus in the Fasti Capitolini.  However, the chronology of this family makes this extremely improbable, leading to the conclusion that he was in fact Gnaeus, the father of the decemvir. The praenomina Gnaeus and Gaius were often confused in early records, which would account for the appearance of that name in Livy's history.

Decemviri
The decemviri or decemvirs (Latin for "ten men") refer to official ten-man commissions established by the Roman Republic.

The most important were those of the two decemvirates, formally the decemvirate with consular power for writing laws (Latin: decemviri consulari imperio legibus scribundis) who reformed and codified Roman law during the Conflict of the Orders between ancient Rome's patrician aristocracy and plebeian commoners. Other decemviri include the decemviri for adjudging litigation (decemviri stlitibus judicandis), the decemviri for making sacrifices (decemviri sacris faciundis), and the decemviri for the assignment and giving of arable lands (decemviri agris dandis adsignandis).
1911 Championship of Australia
The 1911 Championship of Australia was an Australian rules football match that took place on 11 October 1911.

The championship was contested by the premiers of the VFL, Essendon and the premiers of the SAFL, West Adelaide.

The match was played at Adelaide Oval in Adelaide, South Australia.

The match, played in front of 6,000, was won by West Adelaide by a margin of 3 points, giving West Adelaide its 2nd Championship of Australia Title.

Championship of Australia
The Championship of Australia was an Australian rules football tournament which was contested between football clubs from the Victorian and South Australian football leagues for most of its history, with clubs from the Western Australian and Tasmanian football leagues only being included in the final four iterations. The Championship took place four times in the 19th century and then from 1907 to 1914 — with the exception of 1912 — and every year from 1968 to 1975. All but two of the Championships were played in Adelaide, and all of them occurred after the respective league seasons had ended. The 1975 Championship of Australia was the last edition of the competition, with the 1976 NFL Championship replacing the format, albeit for only one year with VFL clubs.
Frank Burke (hurler)
Frank Burke (born 1952) is an Irish retired hurler who played as a centre-forward for the Galway senior team.

Born in Turloughmore, County Galway, Burke first played competitive hurling at school at Presentation College, Athenry. He made his first impression on the inter-county scene when he joined the Galway under-21 team. He made his senior debut during the 1973 championship. Burke went on to play a key role for Galway for a decade, and won one All-Ireland medal and one National Hurling League medal. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on four occasions.

As a member of the Connacht inter-provincial team at various times throughout his career, Burke won one Railway Cup medal. At club level he is a one-time Connacht medallist with Turloughmore. He also won one championship medal.

Throughout his career Burke made 19 championship appearances. His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1983 championship.

Connacht Senior Club Hurling Championship
The Connacht Senior Club Hurling Championship was an annual hurling tournament played between the senior hurling clubs in Connacht contested from 1970 until 2007 when it was discontinued due to a lack of meaningful opposition for the Galway champions. The Galway champions now qualify directly for the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship semi-final.

Throughout the competition's existence the Galway champions automatically qualified for the final. In 2007, the competition's final year, this competition was won by Portumna from Galway. The competition had long since become a formality for the Galway teams.

The Mayo and Roscommon champions now compete in the Connacht Intermediate Club Hurling Championship. Sligo and Leitrim champions participate in the Connacht Junior Club Hurling Championship, again with the Galway side entering the competition at the final stage.
The Glass Ballerina
"The Glass Ballerina" is the second episode of the third season of the TV series Lost, and the 51st episode overall. The episode was written by Jeff Pinkner and Drew Goddard and directed by Paul Edwards, and premiered on October 11, 2006, on ABC. The characters of Sun and Jin are featured in the episode's flashbacks; on the Island, they and Sayid attempt to discover the whereabouts of Jack, Kate, and Sawyer.

The episode was watched by an estimated 16.890 million viewers in the United States. It received mixed reviews, as multiple reviewers believed it was inferior to the previous week's season premiere; one stated the storyline caused the series to "take a step back [because it] delivers nothing new or substantial".

Sun-Hwa Kwon
Sun-hwa Kwon, better known simply as "Sun", is a fictional character on the ABC television series Lost played by Yunjin Kim. Sun-hwa Kwon is the daughter of a powerful and incredibly wealthy Korean businessman and mobster.
2006 Wyre Forest District Council election
The 2006 Wyre Forest District Council election took place on 4 May 2006 to elect members of Wyre Forest District Council in Worcestershire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Conservative 18

Health Concern 9

Liberal 7

Labour 4

Liberal Democrats 2

Independent 2

Liberal Party (UK, 1989)
The Liberal Party is a minor political party in the United Kingdom which espouses liberalism. It was founded in 1989 by members of the original Liberal Party (founded in 1859) who opposed the latter's merger with the Social Democratic Party (SDP) to form the Liberal Democrats. The Liberal Party currently holds seven local council seats. The party promotes a hybrid of both classical and social liberal tendencies.
Riverworld
The Riverworld series consists of five science fiction novels (1971–1983) by American author Philip José Farmer (1918–2009). The Riverworld is an artificial, or heavily terraformed, planet where all humans (and pre-humans) who ever lived throughout history have been resurrected. The novels (and a few shorter works) explore interactions of resurrected individuals from many different cultures and time periods. The underlying theme is quasi-religious. The motivations and ethics of the unknown intelligences that created the Riverworld and its inhabitants are explored.

The series' cast of characters includes (among others) Cyrano de Bergerac, Richard Francis Burton, Hermann Göring, John, King of England, Alice Liddell, Jack London, Tom Mix, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Odysseus, and Mark Twain.

Odysseus
In Greek and Roman mythology, Odysseus (/əˈdɪsiəs/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Ὀδυσσεύς, Ὀδυσεύς, romanized: Odysseús, Odyseús, IPA: [o.dy(s).sěu̯s]), also known by the Latin variant Ulysses (/juːˈlɪsiːz/, UK also /ˈjuːlɪsiːz/; Latin: Ulysses, Ulixes), is a legendary Greek king of Ithaca and the hero of Homer's epic poem, the Odyssey. Odysseus also plays a key role in Homer's Iliad and other works in that same epic cycle.

As the son of Laërtes and Anticlea, husband of Penelope, and father of Telemachus, Acusilaus, and Telegonus, Odysseus is renowned for his intellectual brilliance, guile, and versatility (polytropos), and he is thus known by the epithet Odysseus the Cunning (Ancient Greek: μῆτις, romanized: mêtis, lit. 'cunning intelligence'). He is most famous for his nostos, or "homecoming", which took him ten eventful years after the decade-long Trojan War.
Piotr Kmita Sobieński
Piotr Kmita Sobieński (Latin: Petrus Kmita; born 1477 – died 31 October 1553) was a Polish nobleman, Crown Grand Marshal from 1529, voivode and starosta of Kraków, starosta of Spisz (1522-1553), Przemyśl, Koło and castellan of Sandomierz. He was one of the wealthiest and most influential nobles in Poland at the time. Among his estates were 28 villages and townships, including Wiśnicz, Sobień and Lipnica Murowana.

Przemyśl
Przemyśl (Polish: [ˈpʂɛmɨɕl] ⓘ) is a city in southeastern Poland with 56,466 inhabitants, as of December 2023. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship. It was previously the capital of Przemyśl Voivodeship.

Przemyśl owes its long and rich history to the advantages of its geographic location. The city lies in an area connecting mountains and lowlands known as the Przemyśl Gate (Brama Przemyska), with open lines of transport, and fertile soil. It also lies on the navigable San River. Important trade routes that connect Central Europe from Przemyśl ensure the city's importance. The Old Town of Przemyśl is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland.

Since the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, Przemyśl has been a point of refuge for many Ukrainians, as it is located near the Poland–Ukraine border and serves as the end point of the Lviv–Przemyśl railway junction.
Jacques Durand (publisher)
Marie-Jacques Massacrié-Durand (22 February 1865 – 22 August 1928) was a French music publisher and composer, sometimes under the pseudonym J. Samm. The family's publishing house, Éditions Durand, published works by many of Durand's contemporaries, including Claude Debussy, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, Jacques Ibert, Darius Milhaud, Maurice Ravel and Camille Saint-Saëns.

Darius Milhaud
Darius Milhaud (French: [daʁjys mijo], Provençal: [miˈjawt]; 4 September 1892 – 22 June 1974) was a French composer, conductor, and teacher. He was a member of Les Six—The Group of Six—and one of the most prolific composers of the 20th century. His compositions are influenced by jazz and Brazilian music and make extensive use of polytonality. Milhaud is considered one of the key modernist composers. He taught many future jazz and classical composers, including Burt Bacharach, Dave Brubeck, Philip Glass, Steve Reich, György Kurtág, Karlheinz Stockhausen and Iannis Xenakis among others.