hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of Baghdad
The University of Baghdad (UOB) (Arabic: جامعة بغداد), is a public research university in Baghdad, Iraq. It is the largest university in Iraq and the tenth largest in the Arab world. Established in 1957, it was the second largest university in the Arab world, after the University of Cairo. The university has four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Nahda Road and Wazeriya neighborhoods.

The first constituent was opened in 1908, followed by further institutions. Baghdad University provides academic programs in variety of fields such as engineering, medical sciences, liberal arts and religious education. The university maintains four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Wazeriya and Nahda Road.

Ahmad Awad bin Mubarak
Ahmad Awad bin Mubarak (born 1968) is a Yemeni politician who served as the prime minister of Yemen from 2024 to 2025. Before his appointment as Prime Minister, he was the former Foreign Minister of Yemen, and before that he served as Ambassador of Yemen to the United States.
Blennerville Windmill
The Blennerville Windmill is a 21.30 m high, stone, reefing stage, windmill in Blennerville, County Kerry, Ireland. The mill has five floors, ground floor, intermediate floor, grinding floor, stone floor and cap floor.

Blennerville
Blennerville (Irish: Cathair Uí Mhóráin, meaning "the seat/home of the Morans") is a small village near Tralee, County Kerry, Ireland. It is approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the town centre on the N86 road to Dingle, where the River Lee enters Tralee Bay. The village was formerly Tralee's port, and is connected to the town centre by the Tralee Ship Canal. Part of Blennerville electoral division falls within the area of Tralee Town Council, and at the 2011 census had a population of 141. The remaining portion, outside the urban boundaries, had a 2011 population of 556.
XZ Utils
XZ Utils (previously LZMA Utils) is a set of free software command-line lossless data compressors, including the programs lzma and xz, for Unix-like operating systems and, from version 5.0 onwards, Microsoft Windows. For compression/decompression the Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm (LZMA) is used. XZ Utils started as a Unix port of Igor Pavlov's LZMA-SDK that has been adapted to fit seamlessly into Unix environments and their usual structure and behavior.

LZMA
LZMA (Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm) is a lossless data compression algorithm developed since 1998 by Igor Pavlov, the developer of 7-Zip. It has been used in the 7z format of the 7-Zip archiver since 2001. This algorithm uses a dictionary compression scheme somewhat similar to the LZ77 algorithm published by Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv in 1977 and features a high compression ratio (generally higher than bzip2) and a variable compression-dictionary size (up to 4 GB), while still maintaining decompression speed similar to other commonly used compression algorithms.

LZMA2 is a simple container format that allows multi-threaded compression and decompression using multiple separate LZMA streams. It is used in both in the 7z and the xz format.
Jean Trescases
Jean Jules Émile Trescases, (April 5, 1916 – November 21, 1951) also known as Jean Trescases, was a French Army Chief warrant officer who fought in various conflicts. Born on April 5, 1916, in Palalda, in the present-day commune of Amélie-les-Bains in the Pyrénées-Orientales region, he died in action on November 21, 1951, during the Indochina War.

Amélie-les-Bains-Palalda
Amélie-les-Bains-Palalda (French pronunciation: [ameli le bɛ̃ palalda] ⓘ; Catalan: Els Banys i Palaldà) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France.

It is situated in the Tech valley, and combines the old and the new with a mix of narrow cobbled streets and modern accommodation. It has become a 'station verte' meaning that it must strive at all times to ensure that tourists benefit from a calm and natural environment.
Sport Newspapers
Sport Newspapers was the British publishing firm responsible for the Daily Sport, Sunday Sport newspapers and a number of mid shelf and top shelf magazine titles, such as Adult Sport, Sport Babes, Sport Reader's Wives and Ladsmag. It was founded in 1986 by David Sullivan, to launch the newspaper Sunday Sport. The company offices were in Manchester.

An attempt was made to publish a weekly version in Ireland, called the Irish Weekly Sport, but its softcore pornography and trivial content proved unpopular within the Republic.

David Sullivan (businessman)
David Sullivan (born 5 February 1949) is a Welsh businessman who made his fortune in the pornography industry. From 1986 to 2007, he owned the Daily Sport and Sunday Sport, which he sold for £40 million. He is the chairman and largest single shareholder of Premier League football team West Ham, following the death of business partner David Gold in 2023. The pair were previously joint-chairmen of Birmingham City. According to the 2025 Sunday Times Rich List, Sullivan is worth £1.118 billion.
Symphony on a Hymn Tune
Symphony on a Hymn Tune is a four-movement orchestral composition by the American composer Virgil Thomson.  The work was Thomson's first symphony and was composed between 1926 and 1928 while Thomson studied with the composer Nadia Boulanger in Paris.  However, the work was not premiered until February 22, 1945, with Thomson leading the Philharmonic Symphony Society in New York City.

Virgil Thomson
Virgil Thomson (November 25, 1896 – September 30, 1989) was an American composer and critic. He was instrumental in the development of the "American Sound" in classical music. He has been described as a modernist, a neoromantic, a neoclassicist, and a composer of "an Olympian blend of humanity and detachment" whose "expressive voice was always carefully muted" until his late opera Lord Byron which, in contrast to all his previous work, exhibited an emotional content that rises to "moments of real passion".
1980 National League Championship Series
The 1980 National League Championship Series was a best-of-five playoff in Major League Baseball’s 1980 postseason between the Philadelphia Phillies and the Houston Astros for the National League (NL) pennant and the right to play in the 1980 World Series. Played from October 7 to 12, it was the 12th NLCS. Philadelphia won the series three games to two to clinch the NL pennant.  It was the first postseason series victory in franchise history for the Phillies, who went on to defeat the Kansas City Royals for their first World Series Championship.

The 1980 National League Championship Series is remembered as the closest, most grueling playoff series in Major League Baseball history. The series went to its five-game limit, with the final four games requiring extra innings to determine a winner.

The two franchises would meet again in the 2022 World Series, nine years after the Astros switched to the American League.

Garry Maddox
Garry Lee Maddox (born September 1, 1949) is an American former professional baseball player and business entrepreneur. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a center fielder from 1972 to 1986. Maddox began his career with the San Francisco Giants but, rose to prominence with the Philadelphia Phillies where his impressive defensive play earned him eight consecutive Gold Glove Awards and, where he was a member of the 1980 World Series winning team.

In 1986, Maddox was named the recipient of the prestigious Roberto Clemente Award for his work on behalf of local charities. After his athletic career, he went on to become a successful businessman in Philadelphia and continued with his local charity work. Maddox was inducted into the Philadelphia Phillies Wall of Fame in 2001.
Neal Creque
Earl Neal Creque (April 13, 1940 – December 1, 2000) was an American organist and jazz composer, born in the Virgin Islands; he was based in the Cleveland area, was a professor at the Oberlin Conservatory of Music, and played frequently around northern Ohio up until his death.

He also composed music with Mongo Santamaría including the Grammy Award-nominated song "Sofrito" which was sampled by Jennifer Lopez on the album J.Lo. Neal also wrote and played on, Grant Green's "Windjammer."

He was a sought after session musician and his credits include Stanley Turrentine, Teresa Brewer, Leon Thomas, Harold Ousley, Bernard Purdie, and Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson.

Neal released three solo albums, the first being Creque, in 1972, followed by Contrast! and Neal Creque and the Hands of Time, both in 1974.

He died of kidney cancer in Olmsted Falls at the age of 60.

His daughter Nina Creque was part of Gerald Levert's group 1 of the Girls. She died of an undisclosed illness in 2019.

1 of the Girls
1 of the Girls  was an American R&B group discovered by Gerald Levert. The group's self-titled album was released in 1993, and featured the single "Do da What", which only achieved moderate success. Another single, "Handle with Care", was also released from that album.

Nina Creque died in February 2019 from an "undisclosed illness".
Albert Einstein (album)
Albert Einstein is the only collaborative studio album by American hip-hop recording artist Prodigy of Mobb Deep and American record producer the Alchemist. The album was released on June 11, 2013, by Infamous Records. The album features guest appearances from Roc Marciano, Domo Genesis, Havoc, Raekwon and Action Bronson.

Prodigy (rapper)
Albert Johnson (November 2, 1974 – June 20, 2017), known professionally as Prodigy, was an American rapper and record producer. He was best known for being one half of the rap duo Mobb Deep along with Havoc, yet Prodigy still had a solo career, regularly collaborating with producer The Alchemist. Prodigy released eight albums during his career in Mobb Deep, as well as six solo studio albums and one posthumous album.
Tamamschjanella
Tamamschjanella is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae.

Its native range is from Greece to Afghanistan, via Iran, the North Caucasus, Transcaucasus and Turkey.

The genus name of Tamamschjanella is in honour of Sofya Georgiyevna Tamamshyan (1901–1981), a Russian-Soviet botanist and plant taxonomist noted for describing 7 genera and more than 50 species of plant. It was first described and published in Bot. Zhurn. (published in Moscow & Leningrad) Vol.81 (Issue 8) on page 75 in 1996.

Sofya Georgiyevna Tamamshyan
Sofya Georgiyevna Tamamshyan (1901–1981) was a Russian-Soviet botanist and plant taxonomist noted for describing 7 genera and more than 50 species, and for authoring over 120 works. The standard author abbreviation Tamamsch. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Bacilos
Bacilos is a latin pop duo currently consisting of Jorge Villamizar and André Lopes. They have released 7 albums and 2 EPs. Their album Caraluna (2002) won the 2003 Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Album, and their album Sin Vergüenza (2004) was nominated in 2005 for the same award. They have achieved success with singles "Mi Primer Millón" and "Caraluna".

The band's name was originally Bacilos Búlgaros, a literal translation of bacilli, named after a home remedy touted by Villamizar's grandmother. It is also a play on the Spanish language word "vacilón," meaning a fun, good time.

Although based in Miami, Villamizar considers the band to be a "Latin American band" and the band has had several number one hits in Latin America.

47th Annual Grammy Awards
The 47th Annual Grammy Awards were held on February 13, 2005, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles honoring the best in music for the recording of the year beginning from October 1, 2003, through September 30, 2004. They were hosted by Queen Latifah, and televised in the United States by CBS.  They recognized accomplishments by musicians from the previous year. Ray Charles, whom the event was dedicated in memory of, posthumously won five Grammy Awards while his album, Genius Loves Company, won a total of eight. Kanye West received the most nominations with ten, winning three. Usher received eight nominations and won three including Best Contemporary R&B Album for his diamond selling album Confessions. Britney Spears received her first Grammy of Best Dance Recording for her 2004 smash hit "Toxic".
Hilbert–Schmidt theorem
In mathematical analysis, the Hilbert–Schmidt theorem, also known as the eigenfunction expansion theorem, is a fundamental result concerning compact, self-adjoint operators on Hilbert spaces. In the theory of partial differential equations, it is very useful in solving elliptic boundary value problems.

Eigenfunction
In mathematics, an eigenfunction of a linear operator D defined on some function space is any non-zero function  in that space that, when acted upon by D, is only multiplied by some scaling factor called an eigenvalue. As an equation, this condition can be written as

for some scalar eigenvalue  The solutions to this equation may also be subject to boundary conditions that limit the allowable eigenvalues and eigenfunctions.

An eigenfunction is a type of eigenvector.
NWA Mississippi Heavyweight Championship
The NWA Mississippi Heavyweight Championship was a professional wrestling regional championship in Gulf Coast Championship Wrestling (GCCW). It was a secondary title, complementing the NWA Gulf Coast Heavyweight Championship, and one of several state championships recognized by the National Wrestling Alliance. The title was deactivated with the retirement of "Cowboy" Bob Kelly on September 3, 1976.

There have been a total of 33 recognized champions who have had a combined 78 official reigns, with Bob Kelly holding the most at eighteen. The longest reigning champion was Lee Fields, who held the title for 281 days. The shortest reigning champion was The Avenger, who held the title for only four days.

Continental Championship Wrestling
Continental Championship Wrestling was a professional wrestling promotion based in Knoxville, Tennessee, and Dothan, Alabama, from 1985 until 1989, owned by Ron Fuller. The promotion evolved out of the NWA-affiliated Southeastern Championship Wrestling and Gulf Coast Championship Wrestling territories owned by Fuller, who purchased the Knoxville territory from John Cazana in 1974 and the Alabama/Florida territory in 1977. When Fuller sold the promotion to David Woods in 1988, the name was changed to Continental Wrestling Federation.
Marvell–Elaine School District
The Marvell–Elaine School District #22 (MESD) previously Marvell School District No. 22, is a school district headquartered in Marvell, Arkansas. It serves Marvell, Elaine, and other areas in Phillips and Desha counties.

On July 1, 2006, the Elaine School District merged into the Marvell School District.

In 2008–2009 the school district had a total of 595 square miles (1,540 km2) of land.

Under a previous law, circa 2023, the district had the possibility of a mandatory consolidation due to a smaller demographic figure. By 2023 the Arkansas LEARNS Act allowed for smaller school districts to continue operations.

Elaine, Arkansas
Elaine is a small town in Phillips County, Arkansas, United States, in the Arkansas Delta region of the Mississippi River. The population was 509 at the 2020 census.

The city is best known as the location of the Elaine massacre of September 30 – October 1, 1919, in which an estimated 237 Black people were murdered in the rural county by rampaging white mobs. Five whites died in the events. This was one of the worst incidents of racial and labor violence in American history. Black sharecroppers were attempting to organize a farmers' union, which the planters resisted.
Beaupréau-en-Mauges
Beaupréau-en-Mauges (French pronunciation: [bopʁ(e)o ɑ̃ moʒ] ⓘ) is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.

It was established on 15 December 2015 by the merger of the former communes of Andrezé, Beaupréau, La Chapelle-du-Genêt, Gesté, Jallais, La Jubaudière, Le Pin-en-Mauges, La Poitevinière, Saint-Philbert-en-Mauges and Villedieu-la-Blouère. Beaupréau is the municipal seat.

La Poitevinière
La Poitevinière is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.

On 15 December 2015, Andrezé, Beaupréau, La Chapelle-du-Genêt, Gesté, Jallais, La Jubaudière, Le Pin-en-Mauges, La Poitevinière, Saint-Philbert-en-Mauges and Villedieu-la-Blouère merged becoming one commune called Beaupréau-en-Mauges.
Girsu
Girsu (Sumerian Ĝirsu; cuneiform ĝir2-suki 𒄈𒋢𒆠) was a city of ancient Sumer, situated some 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Lagash, at the site of what is now Tell Telloh in Dhi Qar Governorate, Iraq. As the religious center of the kingdom of Lagash, it contained significant temples to the god Ningirsu (E-ninnu) and his wife Bau and hosted multi-day festivals in their honor.

Sumer
Sumer (/ˈsuːmər/ SOO-mər) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest known texts come from the Sumerian cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr, and date to between c. 3350 – c. 2500 BC, following a period of proto-writing c. 4000 – c. 2500 BC.
Kuznetsk Alatau Nature Reserve
Kuznetsk Alatau Nature Reserve (Russian: Кузнецкий Алатау заповедник) is a Russian 'zapovednik' (strict nature reserve) on the Kuznetsk Alatau, a mountain ridge in the Altai-Sayan mountain region in southwestern Siberia.  The Kuznetsk Alatau consists of several ranges of medium height, between which there are river valleys.  The reserve is in the watershed of the Tom River and the Chuly River.   It is spread over three districts of Kemerovo Oblast: Tisulsky District, Mezhdurechensky District, and Novokuznetsky District.  The reserve was established in 1989 and covers an area of 412,900 ha (1,594 sq mi).

Tisulsky District
Tisulsky District (Russian: Тисульский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the nineteen in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Tisulsky Municipal District. It is located in the east of the oblast. The area of the district is 8,100 square kilometers (3,100 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Tisul. Population: 25,045 (2010 Census); 28,471 (2002 Census); 34,707 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Tisul accounts for 36.1% of the district's total population.
Act Your Age (Home Grown album)
Act Your Age is the second album by the rock band Home Grown, released in 1998 by Outpost Recordings. It was the band's only album for a major label. It expanded their popularity and found them moving into a pop punk and pop rock direction musically. The album's most popular tracks were a new version of "Surfer Girl," a song which had originally appeared on their debut album That's Business and "Suffer" which also appeared on Geffen sampler Everything is Beautiful. Act Your Age would be the band's final recording with their original lineup, as guitarist Ian Cone left the band shortly after its release.

The album contains a hidden track called "Too Many Stops" on track 15 after "Reflections." The song plays at 22:59 into the track and is followed by a 1-minute clip of the band members laughing uncontrollably.

Act Your Age was Home Grown's first album to chart; reaching #24 on Billboard's Heatseekers in 1998.

Home Grown
Home Grown is an American punk rock band formed in 1994 in Orange County, California. They released three full-length albums and several EPs before disbanding in 2005. Their music is often characterized as pop-punk, lyrically favoring humor and silly or satirical subjects.

In June 2024, the band reunited in Los Angeles, California for their first show in 19 years. Another show was announced in Pomona, California at the Glasshouse, which was the band's first headlining show since their reunion. On March 7, 2025, John Tran confirmed that the band was recording new music.

In 2025, Terry Bezer of Screen Rant included the band in his list of "10 Forgotten Pop-Punk Bands Who Deserve To Be Better Remembered".
Marian Foik
Marian Foik (6 October 1933, in Bielszowice, now Ruda Śląska – 20 May 2005, in Warsaw) was a Polish athlete who mainly competed in the 100 metres.

He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan, participating in the 4 x 100 metre relay. With his teammates Andrzej Zieliński, Wiesław Maniak and Marian Dudziak, he won the silver medal.

Bielszowice
Bielszowice (German: Bielschowitz) is a district in the west of Ruda Śląska, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. In 2006 it had an area of 10.6 km2 and was inhabited by 9,505 people. On January 12, 2006 a part of it was split off to form a new district, Czarny Las.
Hitchin Town F.C.
Hitchin Town Football Club is an English semi-professional football club based in Hitchin, Hertfordshire. They are currently members of the Southern League Division One Central. Founded in 1865 and known as 'The Canaries', Hitchin Town have been based at Top Field since their foundation, and claim lineage from the defunct Hitchin Football Club, formed in 1865 and liquidated in 1911.

The club have played in a number of local leagues, starting off in the Spartan League before moving to first the Athenian League in 1939, then the Isthmian League in 1963 and finally the Southern League in 2004. Their most recent league honour has been the Southern League Division One Central, finishing play-off winners in 2010–11, their second season in the competition.

1994–95 FA Cup
The 1994–95 FA Cup (known as The FA Cup sponsored by Littlewoods for sponsorship reasons) was the 114th staging of the FA Cup. The competition was won by Everton, with a shock victory over Manchester United, who were strong favourites to retain the title. This tournament was the 50th to be officially held since the six-year suspension due to World War II.  Everton's Joe Royle would be the last English-born manager to lift the FA Cup until Harry Redknapp managed Portsmouth to the 2008 victory. As of 2025, this is the most recent major trophy won by Everton.

This was the first FA Cup season to bear a title sponsor.
Lucas Hatton
Lucas Hatton (born 28 April 1995) is a professional strongman from Eatonville, Washington. He is the reigning three-times America's Strongest Man.

As a collegiate athlete for Pacific Lutheran University, Hatton played football, track and field (notably shot put, discus and hammer), weightlifting and powerlifting. In 2018 he started competing in local strongman competitions and gradually excelled into the international circuit, emerging fifth at 2022 Official Strongman Games.

Pacific Lutheran University
Pacific Lutheran University (PLU) is a private Lutheran university in Parkland, Washington, United States. It was founded by Norwegian Lutheran immigrants in 1890. PLU is sponsored by the 580 congregations of Region I of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. PLU has approximately 2,700 students enrolled. As of 2023, the school employs approximately 238 full-time professors on the 156-acre (63 ha) woodland campus.

PLU’s academic programs into four colleges: the College of Health Professions; the College of Humanities, Interdisciplinary Studies, and Social Sciences; the College of Natural Sciences; and the College of Professional Studies.