hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PA clan of proteases
The PA clan (Proteases of mixed nucleophile, superfamily A) is the largest group of proteases with common ancestry as identified by structural homology. Members have a chymotrypsin-like fold and similar proteolysis mechanisms but can have identity of <10%. The clan contains both cysteine and serine proteases (different nucleophiles). PA clan proteases can be found in plants, animals, fungi, eubacteria, archaea and viruses.

The common use of the catalytic triad for hydrolysis by multiple clans of proteases, including the PA clan, represents an example of convergent evolution. The differences in the catalytic triad within the PA clan is also an example of divergent evolution of active sites in enzymes.

Cysteine protease
Cysteine proteases, also known as thiol proteases, are hydrolase enzymes that degrade proteins. These proteases share a common catalytic mechanism that involves a nucleophilic cysteine thiol in a catalytic triad or dyad.

Discovered by Gopal Chunder Roy in 1873, the first cysteine protease to be isolated and characterized was papain, obtained from Carica papaya. Cysteine proteases are commonly encountered in fruits including the papaya, pineapple, fig, and kiwifruit. The proportion of protease tends to be higher when the fruit is unripe. In fact, the latex of dozens of different plant families are known to contain cysteine proteases. Cysteine proteases are used as an ingredient in meat tenderizers.
Insurance patent
Under some patent laws, patents may be obtained for insurance-related inventions.  Historically, patents could only cover the technological aspects of a new insurance invention.  This is still the case in most countries.  In the United States, however, recent court decisions have encouraged more inventors to file patent applications on methods of doing business.  These patents may be used to get more comprehensive coverage of improvements in basic insurance processes, such as the methods of calculating premiums, reserves, underwriting, etc.  This is causing controversy in the insurance industry as some see it as a positive development and others see it as a negative development.

Business method patent
Business method patents are a class of patents which disclose and claim new methods of doing business.  This includes new types of e-commerce, insurance, banking and tax compliance etc. Business method patents are a relatively new species of patent and there have been several reviews investigating the appropriateness of patenting business methods. Nonetheless, they have become important assets for both independent inventors and major corporations.
Mangaluru Dasara
The Mangaluru Dasara (Tulu: Marnemi, Konkani: Mannami), is a festival in the Indian city of Mangaluru organized by  Acharya Mutt and was started by B.R.Karkera. It is also referred as Navarathri Festival, Vijayadashami. The tiger dance, lion dance and bear dance are the main attractions. The city is decorated with lights for the span of 10 days of the occasion.

The hundred year anniversary celebration in 2012 was the center of attraction during the Navrathri festival. Navrathri and Shivarathri are the two big festivals celebrated at Gokarnanatheshwara Temple.

Navaratri
Navaratri (Sanskrit: नवरात्रि, romanized: Navarātri) is an annual Hindu festival observed in honor of the goddess Durga, an aspect of Adi Parashakti, the supreme goddess. It spans over nine nights, first in the month of Chaitra (March/April of the Gregorian calendar), and again in the month of Ashvin (September–October). It is observed for different reasons and celebrated differently in various parts of the Hindu - Indian cultural sphere. Theoretically, there are four seasonal Navaratris. However, in practice, it is the post-monsoon autumn festival called Sharada Navaratri. There are also two additional Navaratris as well, in Shukla Paksha of the Magha Month (Magha Gupta Navaratri) and another in the Shukla Paksha of Ashadha Month.
Parametric surface
A parametric surface is a surface in the Euclidean space  which is defined by a parametric equation with two parameters ⁠⁠. Parametric representation is a very general way to specify a surface, as well as implicit representation. Surfaces that occur in two of the main theorems of vector calculus, Stokes' theorem, and the divergence theorem, are frequently given in a parametric form. The curvature and arc length of curves on the surface, surface area, differential geometric invariants such as the first and second fundamental forms, Gaussian, mean, and principal curvatures can all be computed from a given parametrization.

Mean curvature
In mathematics, the mean curvature  of a surface  is an extrinsic measure of curvature that comes from differential geometry and that locally describes the curvature of an embedded surface in some ambient space such as Euclidean space.

The concept was used by Sophie Germain in her work on elasticity theory, published 1831. Jean Baptiste Marie Meusnier used it in 1776, in his studies of minimal surfaces. It is important in the analysis of minimal surfaces, which have mean curvature zero, and in the analysis of physical interfaces between fluids (such as soap films) which, for example, have constant mean curvature in static flows, by the Young–Laplace equation.
Louis Pouzin
Louis Pouzin (born 20 April 1931) is a French computer scientist and Internet pioneer. He directed the development of the CYCLADES computer network in France the early 1970s, which implemented a novel design for packet communication. He was the first to implement the end-to-end principle in a wide-area network, which became fundamental to the design of the Internet.

This network was the first implementation of the pure datagram model, initially conceived and described by Donald Davies, subsequently named by Halvor Bothner-By, and seen by Louis Pouzin as his personal invention. His work, and that of his colleagues Hubert Zimmerman and Gérard Le Lann, were acknowledged by Vinton Cerf as substantial contributions to the design of TCP/IP, the protocol suite used by the Internet.

Vint Cerf
Vinton Gray Cerf (/sɜːrf/; born June 23, 1943) is an American Internet pioneer and is recognized as one of "the fathers of the Internet", sharing this title with TCP/IP co-developer Robert Kahn.

He has received honorary degrees and awards that include the National Medal of Technology, the Turing Award, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Marconi Prize, and membership in the National Academy of Engineering.
Muru (Māori concept)
Muru is a concept in Māori culture, describing acts of compensation for wrongdoing, either between hapū (sub-tribes), whānau (extended families) or individuals. A form of utu, muru is a process of restorative justice to restore balance in relationships and society. Often muru involves the transfer of goods or resources in response to an offense. In the early colonial era of New Zealand, muru was recognised as a legal concept in colonial New Zealand courts, as an equivalent to common law damages.

Whānau
Whānau (Māori pronunciation: [ˈfaːnaʉ]) is the Māori word for the basic extended family group. Within Māori society the whānau encompasses three or four generations and forms the political unit below the levels of hapū (subtribe), iwi (tribe or nation) and waka (migration canoe). These steps are emphasised in Māori genealogy as a person's whakapapa.
Sarcosoma
Sarcosoma is a genus of fungi in the family Sarcosomataceae. The name Sarcosoma is derived from ancient Greek and means "fleshy body", from σάρξ (sárx, "flesh") σῶμα (sôma, "body"). The genus is widespread in north temperate areas.

Sarcosomataceae
The Sarcosomataceae are a family of fungi in the order Pezizales. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 10 genera and 57 species. Most species are found in temperate areas, and are typically saprobic on rotten or buried wood.
Sacheverell Sitwell
Sir Sacheverell Reresby Sitwell, 6th Baronet, CH (/sæˈʃɛvərəl/ sash-EV-ər-əl; 15 November 1897 – 1 October 1988) was an English writer, particularly on baroque architecture, and an art and music critic.  Sitwell produced some 50 volumes of poetry and some 50 works on art, music, architecture, and travel.

Order of the Companions of Honour
The Order of the Companions of Honour is an order of the Commonwealth realms. It was founded on 4 June 1917 by King George V as a reward for outstanding achievements. It was founded on the same date as the Order of the British Empire.

The order was originally intended to be conferred upon a limited number of persons for whom this special distinction seemed to be the most appropriate form of recognition, constituting an honour dissociated from either the acceptance of title or the classification of merit. It is now described as being "awarded for having a major contribution to the arts, science, medicine, or government lasting over a long period of time". The first recipients of the order were all decorated for "services in connection with the war" and were listed in The London Gazette.
Spain in the 17th century
Habsburg Spain  was at the height of its power and cultural influence at the beginning of the 17th century, but military, political, and economic difficulties were already being discussed within Spain. In the coming decades these difficulties grew and saw France gradually taking Spain's place as Europe's leading power through the later half of the century. Many different factors, including the decentralized political nature of Spain, inefficient taxation, a succession of weak kings, power struggles in the Spanish court and a tendency to focus on the American colonies instead of Spain's domestic economy, all contributed to the decline of the Habsburg rule of Spain.

The end of the century also brought the end of Habsburg rule. The 18th century began with the War of the Spanish Succession, which concluded in the establishment of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain.

Arbitrista
The arbitristas were a group of reformist thinkers in late 16th and 17th century Spain concerned about the decline of the economy of Spain and proposed a number of measures to reverse it. Arbitristas directed analyses of problem and proposals ("memorials") for their solution to the king, asking him to take a particular action in the economic or political sphere. The increase in the production of proposals and analyses outlining solutions to the perceived problems of the empire were at a pace comparable to the inflation in the real economy during the price revolution of the sixteenth century and increased further with the crisis of the seventeenth century.
Australochelys
Australochelys is an extinct genus of rhaptochelydian turtle. It is known from one species, A. africanus, that came from the Elliot Formation of South Africa. The holotype of Australochelys consists of only a skull and a fragment of the carapace, which shows both primitive and derived features. Like Proganochelys, Australochelys has large orbits and a ventral basioccipital tubercle, but like derived turtles such as casichelydians, a group containing Cryptodira and Pleurodira, it possesses a sutured basipterygoidal attachment, and a middle ear region partially enclosed laterally. These characteristics show that Australochelys is more closely related to casichelydians than to Proganochelys, and together with the former, it makes up Rhaptochelydia. The skull of Australochelys shows that an advanced hearing mechanism of turtles evolved before the appearance of modern turtles.

Testudinata
Testudinata is the group of all tetrapods with a true turtle shell. It includes both modern turtles (Testudines) and many of their extinct, shelled relatives (stem-turtles), though excluding Odontochelys and Eorhynchochelys, which are placed in the more inclusive Pantestudines.
KEYS High School
KEYS High School, formerly known as KEYS Learning Center, is a public alternative high school in Euless, Texas, United States. It is part of the Hurst-Euless-Bedford Independent School District. KEYS primarily serves students ages 16 through 21 who are unable to remain at either L.D. Bell or Trinity high schools due to academic, economic, or personal needs. It offers the same curriculum as that of the District's regular high schools, but does not offer an athletic program, Advanced Placement, or International Baccalaureate classes.

L. D. Bell High School
Lawrence Dale Bell High School (generally known as L.D. Bell High School and also known as Hurst Bell) is an American high school located in the cities of Hurst and Bedford, Texas and part of the Hurst-Euless-Bedford Independent School District. The school is named for Lawrence Dale Bell, the founder of nearby Bell Helicopter Textron, and was recognized as a National Blue Ribbon School for 1994–96.

L. D. Bell's marching band won the Bands of America Grand National Championship in 2007. The men's and women's gymnastics teams have won a combined total of 36 state championships since 1967.
PureXML
pureXML is the native XML storage feature in the IBM Db2 data server.  pureXML provides query languages, storage technologies, indexing technologies, and other features to support XML data.  The word pure in pureXML was chosen to indicate that Db2 natively stores and natively processes XML data in its inherent hierarchical structure, as opposed to treating XML data as plain text or converting it into a relational format.

IBM Db2
Db2 is a family of data management products, including database servers, developed by IBM. It initially supported the relational model, but was extended to support object–relational features and non-relational structures like JSON and XML. The brand name was originally styled as DB2 until 2017, when it changed to its present form. In the early days, it was sometimes wrongly styled as DB/2 in a false derivation from the operating system OS/2.
Windsor-6-2 Vermont Representative District, 2002–2012
The Windsor-6-2 Representative District is a two-member state Representative district in the U.S. state of Vermont.  It is one of the 108 one or two member districts into which the state was divided by the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 United States census.  The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010.  A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 United States census.

The Windsor-6-2 District includes that part of the Windsor County town of Hartford not included in Windsor-6-1.

As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 150 representatives, there were 4,059 residents per representative (or 8,118 residents per two representatives). The two member Windsor-6-2 District had a population of 8,098 in that same census, 0.25% below the state average.

Vermont House of Representatives districts
Vermont's state House of Representatives consists of 150 members elected from 108 single or two-member districts as provided for in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 U.S. census.  The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010.  A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 U.S. census.

As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 150 representatives, there were 4059 residents per representative.
Longboat Observer
The Longboat Observer is an American free newspaper published by Observer Media Group. It is distributed primarily in Longboat Key, Florida as well as other parts of the Sarasota-Bradenton area. It was founded and first published by Ralph and Claire Hunter in 1978.

Observer Media Group
Observer Media Group, Inc. (OMG) is a media company that publishes local newspapers and magazines in the U.S. state of Florida. The company publishes seven newspapers, nine quarterly magazines and maintains four news websites.
Stream power
Stream power, originally derived by R. A. Bagnold in the 1960s, is the amount of energy the water in a river or stream is exerting on the sides and bottom of the river. Stream power is the result of multiplying the density of the water, the acceleration of the water due to gravity, the volume of water flowing through the river, and the slope of that water. There are many forms of the stream power formula with varying utilities, such as comparing rivers of various widths or quantifying the energy required to move sediment of a certain size. Stream power is closely related to other criteria such as stream competency and shear stress. Stream power is a valuable measurement for hydrologists and geomorphologists tackling sediment transport issues as well as for civil engineers, who use it in the planning and construction of roads, bridges, dams, and culverts.

Geomorphology
Geomorphology (from Ancient Greek  γῆ (gê) 'earth'  μορφή (morphḗ) 'form' and  λόγος (lógos) 'study') is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features generated by physical, chemical or biological processes operating at or near Earth's surface. Geomorphologists seek to understand why landscapes look the way they do, to understand landform and terrain history and dynamics and to predict changes through a combination of field observations, physical experiments and numerical modeling. Geomorphologists work within disciplines such as physical geography, geology, geodesy, engineering geology, archaeology, climatology, and geotechnical engineering. This broad base of interests contributes to many research styles and interests within the field.
François Willi Wendt
François Willi Wendt (16 November 1900 – 15 May 2020) was a French non-figurative painter of German origin belonging to the New École de Paris. After self-exile from Germany in 1937, he adopted France as his native country. In France he became "one of the best and most personal painters of his generation, an artist of great purity and strong culture. His self-exactness, lack of pretension and moral sense delayed the fame he deserved".
In collective exhibitions he was associated with the most famous painters of the New École de Paris, particularly Roger Bissière, André Lanskoy, Serge Poliakoff, Pierre Soulages, and Nicolas de Staël. He is also associated with many better-known painters today.

Nicolas de Staël
Nicolas de Staël (French: [ni.kɔ.la də stal]; January 5, 1914 – March 16, 1955) was a French painter of Russian origin known for his use of a thick impasto and his highly abstract landscape painting. He also worked with collage, illustration, and textiles.
Transcription factor II F
Transcription factor II F (TFIIF) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.

TFIIF is encoded by the GTF2F1, GTF2F2, and GTF2F2L genes.

TFIIF binds to RNA polymerase II when the enzyme is already unbound to any other transcription factor, thus preventing it from contacting DNA outside the promoter. Furthermore, TFIIF stabilizes the RNA polymerase II while it's contacting TBP and TFIIB.

Transcription factor II B
Transcription factor II B (TFIIB) is a general transcription factor that is involved in the formation of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) and aids in stimulating transcription initiation. TFIIB is localised to the nucleus and provides a platform for PIC formation by binding and stabilising the DNA-TBP (TATA-binding protein) complex and by recruiting RNA polymerase II and other transcription factors. It is encoded by the TFIIB gene, and is homologous to archaeal transcription factor B and analogous to bacterial sigma factors.
Gregory Harrison
Gregory Neale Harrison (born May 31, 1950) is an American actor. He is known primarily for his roles as Dr. George Alonzo "Gonzo" Gates, the young surgeon assistant of Dr. Trapper John McIntyre (played by Pernell Roberts) on the CBS series Trapper John, M.D. (1979–86), and as  ruthless business tycoon Michael Sharpe in the CBS series Falcon Crest (1989–1990). Since 2015, Harrison has played Joe O'Toole, father of Oliver, in the Hallmark Channel expansion films of Signed, Sealed and Delivered. From 2020 to 2024, he assumed the role of Gregory Chase on General Hospital.

Pernell Roberts
Pernell Elven Roberts Jr. (May 18, 1928 – January 24, 2010) was an American stage, film, and television actor, activist, and singer. In addition to guest-starring in over 60 television series, he was best known for his roles as Ben Cartwright's eldest son Adam Cartwright on the Western television series Bonanza (1959–1965), and as chief surgeon John McIntyre, the title character on Trapper John, M.D. (1979–1986).

Roberts was also known for his lifelong activism, which included participation in the Selma to Montgomery marches in 1965 and pressuring NBC to refrain from hiring white actors to portray non-white characters.
Ocean of Confusion: Songs of Screaming Trees 1990–1996
Ocean of Confusion is the third 'best of' album by the Screaming Trees. The album chronicles their career from the time they signed to Epic Records until their final album, Dust. The band's years on SST Records are represented on a separate, earlier-released compilation, Anthology: SST Years 1985-1989. The tracks on Ocean of Confusion were personally chosen by the band's lead vocalist, Mark Lanegan, and all other aspects of the compilation were overseen by Lanegan, as well.

"Who Lies in Darkness" is taken from the Something About Today EP, along with three tracks from Uncle Anesthesia, seven from Sweet Oblivion, and five from Dust. "E.S.K.", a b-side to the "Nearly Lost You" single , is also collected, as well as two previously unheard songs from the aborted Don Fleming-produced follow up to Sweet Oblivion.

Notably, the album does not include "Bed of Roses" (Uncle Anesthesia) and "All I Know" (Dust), which were two of the band's four charting radio-play singles.

Sweet Oblivion
Sweet Oblivion is the sixth studio album by Screaming Trees, released on September 8, 1992. It quickly became the band's best-selling record, and was the closest they ever came to achieving mainstream success. Sweet Oblivion sold in excess of  300,000 copies on the strength of the band's biggest hit, "Nearly Lost You". The song benefited from an appearance on Singles: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, a Top Ten, platinum-selling hit album which featured many other popular Seattle-based music acts from the period.

Around the time of the recording of the album, the band’s original drummer Mark Pickerel left to pursue other musical interests, and was replaced with Barrett Martin.

Nearly four years passed in between Sweet Oblivion and the band's follow-up album, Dust, a move that hurt much of the band's commercial momentum.
Clarion Hotels
Clarion is an international hotel brand founded in 1987 by Quality Inns International (now Choice Hotels), with a primary presence in the United States and Europe and additional locations in Asia-Pacific and Latin America.  Competitor brands include IHG's Holiday Inn and Wyndham Hotels's Ramada.

Wyndham Hotels & Resorts
Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc., is an American hospitality company based in Parsippany, New Jersey, United States. It describes itself as the largest hotel franchisor in the world, with 9,100 locations.

The company was formed on June 1, 2018, as a spin-off from Wyndham Worldwide, which is now known as Travel + Leisure. As of 2024, it has a portfolio of 25 hotel brands, amongst them are Days Inn, Howard Johnson's, Ramada, Super 8 and Travelodge.