hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kodi Smit-McPhee
Kodi Smit-McPhee (born 13 June 1996) is an Australian actor. He gained recognition as a child actor for his leading roles in The Road (2009) and Let Me In (2010). He provided the voice of Norman Babcock in stop-motion animations ParaNorman (2012) and Gilbert Pudel in Memoir of a Snail (2024), and appeared in Dawn of the Planet of the Apes (2014), X-Men: Apocalypse (2016), Alpha (2018), and Dark Phoenix (2019).

In 2021, Smit-McPhee garnered critical acclaim for playing a troubled teenager in Jane Campion's western film The Power of the Dog. He received various accolades for his performance, including a Golden Globe Award and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He has since featured in the thriller miniseries Disclaimer and the biographical drama Maria (both 2024).

Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture
The Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture is a Golden Globe Award that was first awarded by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association in 1944 for a performance in a motion picture released in the previous year. The formal title has varied since its inception; since 2005, the award has officially been called "Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture". Six actors have won the award twice: Richard Attenborough, Edmund Gwenn, Martin Landau, Edmond O'Brien, Brad Pitt, and Christoph Waltz.
2002 Sandaun earthquake
On 9 September 2002, at 04:44:23 PGT (18:44 UTC on 8 September), a Mw 7.6 earthquake struck off the coast of Sandaun Province in Papua New Guinea. The largest earthquake to hit mainland Papua New Guinea since 1938, this shallow reverse earthquake damaged or destroyed hundreds of homes and buildings in Sandaun and East Sepik Provinces, mainly in the town of Wewak, killing six people and injuring 70 others. A local tsunami measuring 5 m (16 ft) high also caused damage to homes in the region.

Sandaun Province
Sandaun Province (formerly West Sepik Province) is the northwesternmost mainland province of Papua New Guinea (also known as home of the sunset). It covers an area of 35,920 km2 (13,870 sq mi) and has a population of 248,411 (2011 census). The capital is Vanimo. In July 1998 the area surrounding the town of Aitape was hit by an enormous tsunami caused by a Magnitude 7.0 earthquake which killed over 2,000 people. The five villages along the west coast of Vanimo towards the International Border are namely; Lido, Waromo, Yako, Musu and Wutung. It borders Indonesia.
Dumbarton School of Art
The Dumbarton School of Art was established in 1884 as a satellite of the Glasgow School of Art, in the Academy Building of Burgh Hall, Church Street, Dumbarton. The original location was in the attic apartment of Burgh Hall, which also housed Dumbarton Academy and the offices of Dumbarton royal burgh, the town's municipal corporation. From 1900 the School's management was merged into Dumbarton Academy, but the school's activities continued under the name of Dumbarton School of Science and Art until 1937.

Dumbarton Academy
Dumbarton Academy (formerly Dumbarton Grammar School) is a non-denominational, co-educational state secondary school founded circa 1485. The school is located in the Historical town of Dumbarton, Scotland.
Decidability (logic)
In logic, a true/false decision problem is decidable if there exists an effective method for deriving the correct answer. Logical systems are decidable if membership in their set of logically valid formulas (or theorems) can be effectively determined. Zeroth-order logic (propositional logic) is decidable, whereas first-order and higher-order logic are not. A theory (set of sentences closed under logical consequence) in a fixed logical system is decidable if there is an effective method for determining whether arbitrary formulas are included in the theory. Many important problems are undecidable, that is, it has been proven that no effective method for determining membership (returning a correct answer after finite, though possibly very long, time in all cases) can exist for them.

Validity (logic)
In logic, specifically in deductive reasoning, an argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false. It is not required for a valid argument to have premises that are actually true, but to have premises that, if they were true, would guarantee the truth of the argument's conclusion. Valid arguments must be clearly expressed by means of sentences called well-formed formulas (also called wffs or simply formulas).

The validity of an argument can be tested, proved or disproved, and depends on its logical form.
Wale (ship part)
A wale is one of the strakes of wooden planking that forms the outer skin of the hull of a ship, but substantially thicker than the other strakes. It provides extra stiffening and strength to the hull. It was a common feature of heavy wooden ship construction, particularly from the Middle Ages to the early years of the 19th century, being a major constructional component of ships like USS Constitution, HMS Victory and many earlier vessels.

A wale (or "waler") is a horizontal supporting member of a concrete forming system, vertically reinforced by a "strongback".

A wale is also a horizontal member of a geotechnical tieback wall, which transmits the force from the tieback to the beams.

Strake
On a vessel's hull, a strake is a longitudinal course of planking or plating which runs from the boat's stempost (at the bows) to the sternpost or transom (at the rear). The garboard strakes are the two immediately adjacent to the keel on each side.

The word derives from  traditional wooden boat building methods, used in both carvel and clinker construction. In a metal ship, a strake is a course of plating.
Assumption University (Worcester)
Assumption University is a private Catholic university in Worcester, Massachusetts, United States. Assumption was founded in 1904 by the Augustinians of the Assumption. It enrolls about 2,000 students and offers 37 majors and 50 minors. The university confers Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees in its undergraduate program, and Master of Arts, Master of Science, and Master of Business Administration degrees as well as graduate study certificates.

With the transition from Assumption College to Assumption University in 2020, Assumption reorganized into five schools: the D'Amour College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, the Grenon School of Business, the Froelich School of Nursing, the School of Health Professions, and the School of Graduate Studies.

Assumptionists
The Assumptionists, formally known as the Congregation of the Augustinians of the Assumption (Latin: Congregatio Augustinianorum ab Assumptione; abbreviated AA), is a worldwide congregation of Catholic priests and brothers. It is active in many countries.  The French branch played a major role in French political and social history in the 19th century.
Telstar
Telstar is a series of communications satellites. The first two, Telstar 1 and Telstar 2, were experimental and nearly identical. Telstar 1 was launched atop a Thor-Delta rocket on July 10, 1962, and relayed the first television pictures, telephone calls, and telegraph images through space. It also provided the first live transatlantic television feed. Telstar 2 was launched May 7, 1963. Telstar 1 and 2—though no longer functional—still orbit the Earth.

Telstar 1
Telstar 1 is a defunct communications satellite launched by NASA on 10 July 1962.  One of the earliest communications satellites, it was the first telecommunications satellite, achieving live transmission of broadcast television images between the United States and Europe. Telstar 1 remained active for only 7 months before it prematurely failed due to Starfish Prime, a high-altitude nuclear test conducted by the United States. Although the satellite is no longer operational, it remains in Earth orbit.
Houdian writing brush
Houdian writing brush or Houdian-Maobi (simplified Chinese: 侯店毛笔; traditional Chinese: 侯店毛筆; pinyin: Hóu-Diàn Máo-Bǐ; "Máo-Bǐ" here means "ink brush"), is a famous kind of ink brushes in China. Along with Huzhou ink brushes, Xuan writing brushes, and Daiyuexuan writing brushes, Houdian ink brushes are among the four most famous.

Xuan writing brush
Xuan writing brush or Xuanbi (simplified Chinese: 宣笔; traditional Chinese: 宣筆; pinyin: Xuān Bǐ), is a type of ink brush made in Anhui Province, China. Xuan brushes are often used and mentioned together with Xuan paper, a kind of writing rice-paper.
Biodiversity hypothesis of health
According to the biodiversity hypothesis, reduced contact of people with natural environment and biodiversity may adversely affect the human commensal microbiota and its immunomodulatory capacity. The hypothesis is based on the observation that two dominant socio-ecological trends – the loss of biodiversity and increasing incidence of inflammatory diseases – are interconnected.

Urbanization and fragmentation of habitats increasingly lead to loss of connection between human and natural environment. Furthermore, immunological non-communicable diseases have become increasingly common in recent decades especially in urbanized communities.

Immunity (medicine)
In biology, immunity is the state of being insusceptible or resistant to a noxious agent or process, especially a pathogen or infectious disease. Immunity may occur naturally or be produced by prior exposure or immunization.
Battle of Argoed Llwyfain
The Battle of Argoed Llwyfain was fought between the forces of the Kingdom of Rheged under the command of Urien and Owain mab Urien and the forces of the Kingdom of Bernicia under Fflamddwyn (Firestealer or Flamebearer).
Most of what is known about the battle comes from the early Welsh poem Gwaith Argoed Llwyfain by the poet and bard Taliesin. Supposedly on one Saturday, Fflamddwyn had surrounded the seat of power within Rheged and demanded that King Urien submit and provide hostages. Urien's son Owain used the memory of his ancestor Ceneu son of Coel and denied giving hostages. Urien then stirred his men and fighting began. In the ensuing combat Fflamddwyn was slain, temporarily freeing Rheged from Anglian domination.

Rheged
Rheged (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈr̥ɛɡɛd]) was one of the kingdoms of the Hen Ogledd ('Old North'), the Brittonic-speaking region of what is now Northern England and southern Scotland, during the post-Roman era and Early Middle Ages. It is recorded in several poetic and bardic sources, although its borders are not described in any of them.  Archaeological work from 2012 onwards on a site in Galloway in Scotland is interpreted by the excavators as showing that it is a royal centre of Rheged. Rheged possibly extended into Lancashire and other parts of northern England. In some sources, Rheged is intimately associated with the king Urien Rheged and his family. Its inhabitants spoke Cumbric, a Brittonic dialect closely related to Old Welsh.
Pacific goliath grouper
The Pacific goliath grouper (Epinephelus quinquefasciatus), also known as the Pacific itajara grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It is found in the eastern Pacific Ocean where it is associated with reefs. It is related to the Atlantic goliath grouper.

Atlantic goliath grouper
The Atlantic goliath grouper or itajara (Epinephelus itajara), historically known as the jewfish, is a saltwater fish of the grouper family and one of the largest species of bony fish. The species can be found in the West Atlantic ranging from northeastern Florida, south throughout the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, and along South America to Brazil. In the East Pacific it ranges from Mexico to Peru. In the East Atlantic, the species ranges in West Africa from Senegal to Cabinda. The species has been observed at depths ranging from 1 to 100 meters (3 to 300 ft).
Eagle Lake, Florida
Eagle Lake is a city in Polk County, Florida, United States. It is part of the Lakeland–Winter Haven Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the town being centered around a subsection of U.S. Highway 17. The population was 3,008 as of 2020.

Winter Haven, Florida
Winter Haven is a city in Polk County, Florida, United States. It is located about 51 miles (82 km) east of Tampa and about 47 miles (76 km) southwest of Orlando, with neighboring Lakeland located to its west. The city's population was 49,219 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous city in Polk County after Lakeland. It is a principal city of the Lakeland-Winter Haven, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Calgary-Fish Creek
Calgary-Fish Creek is a provincial electoral district in Alberta, Canada. The district is one of 87 mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta using the first past the post method of voting.

The district is largely urban located in the south portion of the city of Calgary. It was named after Fish Creek Provincial Park and was created in the 1979 boundary redistribution from the south halves of the electoral districts of Calgary-Glenmore and Calgary-Egmont.

The district has been represented by only three MLA's since 1979. The first was Progressive Conservative William Payne who served here from 1979 to 1993 and the second is Heather Forsyth who has represented the district since 1993 was first elected under the Progressive Conservative banner but crossed the floor to the Wildrose Alliance in 2010. Forsyth was re-elected in the 2012 provincial election under the Wildrose banner. In 2015, Richard Gotfried was elected, as a Progressive Conservative.

Calgary-Glenmore
Calgary-Glenmore, styled Calgary Glenmore from 1957 to 1971, is a provincial electoral district in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The district is mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.

The electoral riding of Calgary Glenmore is one of two original Calgary ridings of the seven that still survives from the 1959 redistribution of the Calgary riding.
This riding covers the mid-southwest portion of Calgary and contains the neighbourhoods of Bayview, Braeside, Cedarbrae, Chinook Park, Eagle Ridge, Glenmore Park, Kelvin Grove, Lakeview, Palliser, Pump Hill, Oakridge, Woodbine, and Woodlands. The riding is named after the Glenmore Reservoir.
Princess Bride Reunion
On September 13, 2020, most of the original cast members of the 1987 film The Princess Bride took part in a virtual live dramatic reading of the film script to support Wisconsin Democrats. The returning cast included Cary Elwes, Robin Wright, Mandy Patinkin, Chris Sarandon, Christopher Guest, Wallace Shawn, Billy Crystal, and Carol Kane, with additional performances by Rob Reiner as the Grandfather, Josh Gad as Fezzik, Eric Idle as the Impressive Clergyman, Whoopi Goldberg as the Ancient Booer and the Mother, and Jason Reitman as the narrator, among others. Norman Lear joined the Q&A session at the end, which was hosted by Patton Oswalt. Cast members promoted the event beforehand using the hashtags "#PrincessBrideReunion" and "#DumpTrumperdinck."  More than 110,000 viewers donated a dollar or more to Wisconsin Democrats to view the livestream, which raised $4.25 million and received widely positive reviews, with special praise for Patinkin's performance.

Democratic Party of Wisconsin
The Democratic Party of Wisconsin is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is currently headed by chair Devin Remiker.

Important issues for the state party include support for workers and unions, strong public education, and environmental protection. It currently controls two of Wisconsin's eight U.S. House seats, one of its U.S. Senate seats, and the governorship. Additionally, Democratic-aligned justices control a majority on the state Supreme Court.
Howrah–Amritsar Express
Howrah–Amritsar Express was an Express train of the Indian Railways connecting Howrah in West Bengal and Amritsar Junction of Punjab. It operated with 13049/13050 train numbers on daily basis. Owing to its popularity, it used to be known as the Duplicate Punjab Mail by the local population.

Amritsar Junction railway station
Amritsar Central Railway Station (station code: ASR) is a railway located in Amritsar district in the Indian state of Punjab and serves Amritsar. It is the largest and busiest railway station of Punjab.
Yavapai Wars
The Yavapai Wars, or the Tonto Wars, were a series of armed conflicts between the Yavapai and Tonto tribes against the United States in the Arizona Territory. The period began no later than 1861, with the arrival of American settlers on Yavapai and Tonto land. At the time, the Yavapai were considered a band of the Western Apache people due to their close relationship with tribes such as the Tonto and Pinal. The war culminated with the Yavapai's removal from the Camp Verde Reservation to San Carlos on February 27, 1875, an event now known as Exodus Day.

San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation
The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation (Western Apache: Tsékʼáádn), in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1872 as a reservation for the Chiricahua Apache tribe as well as surrounding Yavapai and Apache bands removed from their original homelands under a strategy devised by General George Crook of setting the various Apache tribes against one another. Once nicknamed "Hell's Forty Acres" during the late 19th century due to poor health and environmental conditions, modern San Carlos Apaches operate a Chamber of Commerce, the Apache Gold and Apache Sky Casinos, a Language Preservation program, a Culture Center, and a Tribal College.
Masburg
Masburg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kaisersesch, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Kaisersesch
Kaisersesch (German: [ˌkaɪzɐsˈʔɛʃ] ⓘ) is a town in the Cochem-Zell district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde, to which it also belongs.
Successive-approximation ADC
A successive-approximation ADC (or SAR ADC) is a type of analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that digitizes each sample from a continuous analog waveform using a binary search through all possible quantization levels.

Quantization (signal processing)
In mathematics and digital signal processing, quantization is the process of mapping input values from a large set (often a continuous set) to output values in a (countable) smaller set, often with a finite number of elements.  Rounding and truncation are typical examples of quantization processes.  Quantization is involved to some degree in nearly all digital signal processing, as the process of representing a signal in digital form ordinarily involves rounding.  Quantization also forms the core of essentially all lossy compression algorithms.

The difference between an input value and its quantized value (such as round-off error) is referred to as quantization error, noise or distortion.  A device or algorithmic function that performs quantization is called a quantizer.  An analog-to-digital converter is an example of a quantizer.
Akilandeswari
Akhilandeshwari (Sanskrit: अखिलाण्डेश्वरी) is one of the main forms of the Hindu Goddess Adi Parashakti. She is revered as an embodiment of Parvati. The famous abode of Akhilandeshwari is the Jambukeswarar Temple in Thiruvanaikaval. She is also revered collectively with the goddesses Meenakshi and Kamakshi, forming the Trishakti triad, the most powerful goddesses in Shaktism. The goddess’s name is split into three components. “Akhila” means the universe, “Anda” means cosmic egg, and “Ishwari” means the divine mother. Therefore, Goddess, the divine mother who protects the entire universe in her womb (cosmic egg), is known as “Akhilandeshwari”.  Akhilandeshwari is the presiding deity in the Jambukeswarar Temple in Thiruvanaikaval along with her consort Jambukeswarar, who is an avatar of Shiva.

Mahadevi
Mahadevi (Sanskrit: महादेवी, IAST: Mahādevī), also referred to as Devi, Mahamaya and Adi Parashakti, is the supreme goddess in Hinduism. According to the goddess-centric sect Shaktism, all Hindu gods and goddesses are regarded as manifestations of this great goddess, who is considered to be the ultimate reality or Para Brahman.

Mahadevi is mentioned as the Mulaprakriti (Primordial Goddess) 
in Shakta texts, having five primary forms—Parvati, Lakshmi, Sarasvati, Gayatri and Radha—collectively referred to as Panchaprakriti. Besides these, Goddess Tripura Sundari is often identified with the supreme goddess Mahadevi in Shaktism. Shaktas also worship her as Durga, whilst acknowledging her to have other forms. Author Helen T. Boursier says: "In Hindu philosophy, both Lakshmi (primary goddess in Vaishnavism) and Parvati (primary goddess of Shaivism) are identified as manifestations of this great goddess—Mahadevi—and the Shakti or divine power".
Mauvaise foi nocturne
"Mauvaise foi nocturne (la réponse)" (French for "Nocturnal dishonesty (the response)") is a 2006 song recorded by French act Fatal Bazooka, led by actor, singer and comedian Michael Youn. Pascal Obispo participated also in the vocals under the name of Vitoo. The song is the eleventh track on the album T'As Vu ?, and was released as second single in the first days of March 2007. It was as successful as "Fous ta cagoule" in terms of chart positions, becoming a number-one hit in France and Belgium (Wallonia).

Fous ta cagoule
"Fous ta cagoule" (French pronunciation: [fu ta kaɡul]; lit. '"Put your balaclava on"') is a 2006 song by comedy rap character Fatal Bazooka, the 1st single from album T'as vu released on 2007. This song achieved a huge success in France and Belgium.
National Ainu Museum
The National Ainu Museum (国立アイヌ民族博物館, Kokuritsu Ainu Minzoku Hakubutsukan) is a museum located in Shiraoi, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is situated within the grounds of Upopoy (ウポポイ), a park complex that serves as a "symbolic space for ethnic harmony". The museum's mission is "to promote a proper understanding and awareness of Ainu history and culture in Japan and elsewhere out of respect for the dignity of the indigenous Ainu people, while contributing to the creation and development of new aspects of Ainu culture".

Shiraoi, Hokkaido
Shiraoi (Japanese: 白老町, Hepburn: Shiraoi-chō) is a town located in Iburi, Hokkaido, Japan. As of September 2016, the town had a population of 17,759. It was established in 1867 by the feudal lords of Sendai. Most of the area of the town is forested and parts lie within the Shikotsu-Tōya National Park.
Abu Uthman al-Sabuni
Al-Sabuni, Ismail bin Abdal-Rahman bin Ahmad bin Ismail bin Ibrahim bin Amir, Abu Uthman al-Sabuni al-Shafi'i also known as Abu Uthman al-Sabuni (Arabic: أبو عثمان الصابوني), was a Sunni scholar known for being the leading hadith expert in Khorasan, a jurist of great authority particularly in the Shafi'i school, a Qur'anic exegete, theologian, preacher, and orator. The Sunnis of his time called him the Shaykh al-Islām, and when they used this word they did not mean anyone else. He was eloquent in dialect, broad in knowledge, and was fluent in both Persian and Arabic. Al-Bayhaqi said: "He was the true Imam of the Muslims and the real Shaykh of Islam."

Al-Bayhaqi
Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Mūsā al-Khusrawjirdī al-Bayhaqī (Persian: ابو بكر احمد بن حسين بن علي بن موسی خسروجردی بيهقی, 994–1066), also known as Imām al-Bayhaqī, was a Sunni scholar widely known for being the foremost leading hadith master in his age, leading authority in the Shafi'i school, leading authority on the foundation of doctrine, meticulous, a devoted ascetic and one of the notable defenders of the Ash'ari school. Al-Dhahabi said: "Unequalled in his age, unrivalled amongst his peers, and the Ḥāfiẓ of his time."