hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eisstadion Davos
zondacrypto Arena is an indoor arena in Davos, Switzerland. It is primarily used for ice hockey and is the home arena of HC Davos. It holds 7,080 people, of which 3,280 are seated. Every year the Spengler Cup is played in this arena.

Major renovation of the arena started at the conclusion of the 2017–18 season to upgrade most of the stands and the concourse. The seating capacity was not increased and the total cost was around CHF 27 million. Construction began in 2018 and was completed in 2021.

2017–18 National League (ice hockey) season
The 2017–18 National League season is the 80th season of Swiss professional ice hockey and the first season as the National League (NL). The change from National League A to National League was made at the end of the 2016–17 season.

ZSC Lions won their 9th NL title, defeating HC Lugano in game 7 of the finals. SC Bern won the regular season for the second consecutive year. EHC Kloten were relegated to the Swiss League, while SC Rapperswil-Jona Lakers won promotion to the NL for 2018–19.
1988–89 England Hockey League season
The 1988–89 English Hockey League season took place from October 1988 until April 1989.

A new league format was introduced to English hockey whereby two divisions of sixteen teams would compete in the first and second divisions with promotion and relegation. This replaced the previous format of regional leagues. The Men's National League attracted a sponsor in Poundstretcher and they would commit £300,000 over three years.

The inaugural competition was won by Southgate and the top four teams qualified to take part in the Poundstretcher League Cup tournament which was won by Hounslow.

The Men's Hockey Association Cup was won by Hounslow and the Women's Cup (National Club Championship finals) was won by Ealing.

Southgate Hockey Club
Southgate Hockey Club is a field hockey club based at Southgate Hockey Centre in Trent Park, near Oakwood in London.

The men's 1st XI play in the Men's England Hockey League. The club has 9 men's sides, 5 ladies' sides and a large junior section. The men's team have been champions of England on four occasions (1976–77, 1977–78, 1987–88, 1988–89).
2012 Netball Superleague season
The 2012  Netball Superleague season (known for sponsorship reasons as the FIAT Netball Superleague) was the seventh season of the Netball Superleague. The league was won by Northern Thunder. In the grand final Northern Thunder defeated Surrey Storm. 2012 saw the introduction of a new format, featuring three distinct phases, including a Showdown Weekend.

Surrey Storm
Surrey Storm was an English netball team based at the University of Surrey. Their senior team played in the Netball Super League between 2005 and 2024. Between 2001 and 2005 they played in the Super Cup as London Hurricanes. After forming a partnership with Brunel University London, they became the Brunel Hurricanes. In 2005–06 they were founder members of the new Netball Super League. Before the 2009–10 Netball Super League season, they relocated to the University of Surrey and became Surrey Storm. They were Super League champions in 2015 and 2016. In 2023, England Netball announced plans to relaunch the Netball Super League in 2025, with an aim to professionalise the league. During the tender process, the new operating standards for clubs made it unfeasible for Surrey Storm to participate in the league and the franchise disbanded after the 2024 season.
Mansour Barzani
Mansour Barzani (Kurdish: مەنسوور بارزانی, romanized: Mensûr Barzanî, born June 1978) is the Liwa of the First Special Forces Division and of Gulan Special Forces.  He is the son of former Kurdistan Region President Masoud Barzani and the younger brother of Masrour Barzani.

Masrour Barzani
Masrour Barzani (Arabic: مسرور بارزاني; Kurdish: مەسروور بارزانی, romanized: Mesrûr Barzanî; born 2 March 1969) is an Iraqi Kurdish politician and serving as prime minister of the Kurdistan Region, since June 2019. He is also the chancellor of the Kurdistan Region Security Council and a member of the Kurdistan Democratic Party. He was sworn in as prime minister of the KRG’s ninth cabinet on 10 June 2019, after receiving 87 votes out of 97 legislators in the Kurdistan parliament.
2020–21 Ohio State Buckeyes men's basketball team
The 2020–21 Ohio State Buckeyes men's basketball team represented Ohio State University in the 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Their head coach was Chris Holtmann, in his fourth season with the Buckeyes. The Buckeyes played their home games at Value City Arena in Columbus, Ohio as members of the Big Ten Conference.

They finished the season 21–10, 12–8 in Big Ten play to finish in fifth place. They defeated Minnesota, Purdue, and Michigan before losing to Illinois in overtime in the championship game of the Big Ten tournament. They received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as the No. 2 seed in the South region.  However, they were upset in the First Round by No. 15-seeded Oral Roberts.

2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 25, 2020, and concluded on March 14, 2021. The 2021 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament culminated the season and began on March 18 and concluded on April 5.
2015 UConn Huskies football team
The 2015 UConn Huskies football team represented the University of Connecticut (UConn) as a member of the American Athletic Conference (AAC) during the 2015 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by second-year head coach Bob Diaco, the Huskies compiled an overall record of 6–7 with a mark of 4–4 in conference play, tying for third place in the AAC's East Division. UConn was invited to the St. Petersburg Bowl, where the Huskies lost to Marshall. The team played home games at Pratt & Whitney Stadium at Rentschler Field in East Hartford, Connecticut.

The highlight of the season was a stunning 20–17 upset win overthe No. 13-ranked Houston Cougars. This was the last season in which Huskies were bowl eligible until 2022.

2015 St. Petersburg Bowl
The 2015 St. Petersburg Bowl was a post-season college football bowl game between the UConn Huskies of the American Athletic Conference and the Marshall Thundering Herd of Conference USA, played on December 26, 2015 at Tropicana Field in St. Petersburg, Florida.  The game was the final contest of the 2015 FBS football season for both teams. It ended in a 16–10 victory for Marshall.

The Huskies were selected to play in the 2015 St. Petersburg Bowl following a 6–6 regular season highlighted by a win over the otherwise-undefeated Houston Cougars to achieve bowl eligibility.  UConn faced Marshall, who finished their regular season with a 9–3 record and for the first time since 2012 did not qualify for the Conference USA championship game.
2024 RBL season
The 2024 RBL season was the 3rd season of the Rwanda Basketball League under its current name, while the top-level competition has been organised by the FERWABA for a longer time. The regular season began on 9 February and ended on 23 August 2024. The playoffs began on 30 August and ended on 23 September 2024.

APR won its record-extending fifteenth national title after their finals win over Patriots.

APR BBC
Armée Patriotique Rwandaise Basketball Club, commonly known simply as APR, is a Rwandan basketball club based in Kigali. Owned and funded by the Ministry of Defence of Rwanda, the team plays in the Rwanda Basketball League (RBL) and in the Basketball Africa League (BAL) for the 2024 season. Nicknamed the "Lions", the team is the most decorated team in the country, as APR has won a record 16 national championships.
Minister of Land Reform and Rural Development
The minister of land reform and rural development is a minister in the Cabinet of South Africa. The office was established as the minister of rural development and land reform in May 2009, though it was subsequently merged with the agriculture portfolio under the minister of agriculture, land reform and rural development from 2019 to 2024.

The same portfolio was previously the provenance of the minister of land affairs. Before President Jacob Zuma appointed the first minister of rural development and Land Reform in May 2009, land affairs were conjoined with agriculture under the minister of agriculture and land affairs between 1996 and 2009.

The minister has political responsibility for the Department of Land Reform and Rural Development. The incumbent minister is Mzwanele Nyhontso, who is the first opposition politician to hold the office; he was appointed on 30 June 2024.

Minister of Agriculture (South Africa)
The minister of agriculture is a minister in the Cabinet of South Africa since 2024, when the corresponding department was split from the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. It holds the political executive responsibility for the Department of Agriculture, and for the Agricultural Research Council, the National Agricultural Marketing Council, Onderstepoort Biological Products, the Perishable Products Export Control Board, and Ncera Farms.

The agriculture portfolio was created in the 2024 cabinet reorganisation after the re-election of President Cyril Ramaphosa as part of the government of national unity. The current minister of agriculture is John Steenhuisen.
2006 San Francisco 49ers season
The 2006 San Francisco 49ers season was the franchise's 57th season in the National Football League (NFL) and their 61st overall. It began with the team trying to improve on their 4–12 record in 2005. Despite having improved from their previous two disastrous seasons, they missed the playoffs for the fourth straight year, continuing their playoff drought. The 49ers celebrated their 60th anniversary during the 2006 season, because, although it was their 61st season, the 2006 calendar year marked the 60th anniversary of the franchise's founding in 1946.

Eric Johnson (tight end)
Eric Maxwell Johnson (born September 15, 1979) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the San Francisco 49ers in the seventh round of the 2001 NFL draft. He played college football at Yale.
1982 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1982 Iowa Hawkeyes football team was an American football team that represented the University of Iowa as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 1982 Big Ten football season. In their fourth year under head coach Hayden Fry, the Hawkeyes compiled an 8–4 record (6–2 in Big Ten games), finished in third place in the Big Ten, and were outscored by a total of 208 to 201. They concluded the season in the Peach Bowl with a victory over Tennessee.

Senior defensive back Bob Stoops was selected as the team's most valuable player. Three Iowa players received first-team honors on the 1982 All-Big Ten Conference football team: Stoops; senior defensive tackle Mark Bortz; and senior punter Reggie Roby. Bortz and Roby also received second-team All-America honors. Roby led the nation with an average of 48.1 yards per punt.

The team played its home games at Kinnick Stadium in Iowa City, Iowa.

Hayden Fry
John Hayden Fry (February 28, 1929 – December 17, 2019) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Southern Methodist University (SMU) from 1962 to 1972, North Texas State University—now known as the University of North Texas—from 1973 to 1978, and the University of Iowa from 1979 to 1998, compiling a career coaching record of 232–178–10. Fry played in college at Baylor University. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2003.
Levante (singer)
Claudia Lagona (born 23 May 1987), better known by her stage name Levante, is an Italian singer-songwriter, novel writer and model. She rose to fame in the 2010s, publishing four albums and several media success singles and collaborations, reaching the top ten on the Italian Albums Chart three times. She has written songs for several Italian artists and has collaborated with Gianni Morandi, Irene Grandi, Max Gazzè, The Kolors, J-Ax, Fedez, Tiziano Ferro and Carmen Consoli.

Levante has sold over 360,000 records in Italy and received a MTV Europe Music Award nomination and several Italian music achievements, including Premio Tenco, Academy Medimex and two participations at Sanremo Music Festival in 2020 and in 2023, with a third one set for 2026. In 2019, Vogue included her in their "100 People Who Can Influence World Trends in Fashion and Art" list.

In 2017, she was chosen as a judge for the eleventh series of the Italian talent show X Factor. She has also written three novels.

The Kolors
The Kolors is an Italian pop rock band founded in 2009 by lead vocalist Antonio Stash Fiordispino, drummer Alex Fiordispino, and Daniele Mona who plays synthesizers. They are best known for their 2023 hit "Italodisco", which peaked at number one in Italy and charted in several European charts.

The group won season 14 of the Italian talent show Amici di Maria De Filippi, coached by Elisa, and has released three studio albums: I Want (2014), Out (2015) and You (2017), singing both in Italian and English. Since their debut, the band has sold over 650,000 copies in Italy and won many accolades, including three Wind Music Awards, one MTV Italian Music Awards, and one Kid's Choice Award. They have been selected to compete at Sanremo Music Festival three times with "Frida (mai, mai, mai)" (2018), "Un ragazzo una ragazza" (2024), and "Tu con chi fai l'amore" (2025).
2018–19 PSA World Tour
The 2018–19 PSA World Tour is the international squash tour organised circuit organized by the Professional Squash Association (PSA) for the 2018 squash season. It's the 4th PSA season since the merger of PSA and WSA associations in 2015.

The most important tournaments in the series are the Men's and Women's PSA World Championship. The tour also features two circuits of regular events - PSA World Tour (formerly PSA World Series), which feature the highest prize money and the best fields; and PSA Challenger Tour with prize money ranging $5,500–$30,000. In the middle of the year, the PSA World Tour tour is concluded by the Men's and Women's PSA World Tour Finals in Cairo, the season-ending championships for the top 8 rated players from World Tour level tournaments.

2018–19 PSA Men's World Squash Championship
The 2018–19 PSA Men's World Squash Championship was the 2018–19 men's edition of the World Squash Championships, which serves as the individual world championship for squash players. The event took place in Chicago, United States from 23 February - 2 March 2019.

Ali Farag won his first world title beating Tarek Momen in the final continuing the recent Egyptian domination of the sport.
Former world champion Ramy Ashour was forced to withdraw from the tournament following further injury problems.
1983 Kentucky Wildcats football team
The 1983 Kentucky Wildcats football team represented the University of Kentucky as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 1983 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by first-year head coach Jerry Claiborne, the Wildcats scored 228 points while allowing 237 points.

After a 4–0 start, Kentucky finished the regular season 6–4–1 before playing in the 1983 Hall of Fame Classic and losing to No 18 West Virginia, 20–16. The improvement from 1982's 0–10–1 mark was, at the time, an NCAA record for most improvement in wins from one season to the next.

Jerry Claiborne
Jerry David Claiborne (August 26, 1928 – September 24, 2000) was an American college football player and coach. He was the head football coach at Virginia Tech (1961–1970), the University of Maryland, College Park (1972–1981), and his alma mater, the University of Kentucky (1982–1989), compiling a career head coaching record of 179–122–8 (.592). Claiborne was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1999.
2013 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 2013 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season. In their second season under head coach Tim Beckman, the Fighting Illini compiled a 4–8 record (1–7 in conference games), finished in fifth place out of six teams in the Big Ten's Leaders Division, and were outscored by a total of 425 to 356.

Quarterback Nathan Scheelhaase led the Big Ten with 287 completions, 430 passes, a 66.7% completion percentage, 3,272 passing yards, and 13 interceptions. The team's other statstical leaders included running back Josh Ferguson (779 rushing yards), wide receiver Steve Hull (59 receptions for 993 yards), and kicker Taylor Zalewski (74 points scored, 38 of 38 extra points, 12 of 17 field goals).

The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Champaign, Illinois.

Gies Memorial Stadium
Gies Memorial Stadium is a stadium on the campus of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in Champaign, Illinois, United States. The stadium, used primarily for football, is a memorial to the university's students who died in World War I; their names are engraved on the nearly 200 pillars surrounding the stadium's façade. With a capacity of 60,670, the stadium is primarily used as the home of the university's Fighting Illini football team.

The stadium was known as simply Memorial Stadium until September 9, 2025, when it was named after Larry Gies Sr., a U.S. Army veteran and the late father of alumnus philanthropist Larry Gies, following a $100 million donation from Gies to the university's Division of Intercollegiate Athletics.
Harlan Gustafson
Harlan Iver Gustafson (December 29, 1917 – April 18, 1984) was an American football player.

Gustafson was born in Joliet, Illinois, and attended the University of Pennsylvania.  He played college football for the Penn Quakers football team and was selected by the International News Service as a first-team end on the 1939 College Football All-America Team. He also played baseball for Penn in 1940, compiling a .402 batting average.

Gustafson played professional football in the American Football League for the New York Yankees during the 1940 season and was selected by the league's coaches as a first-team end on the 1940 All-League team.

Gustafson joined the Naval Reserve in Philadelphia in March 1941.  He began active duty in the United States Navy in December 1941 and served as a Navy pilot through October 1945.  He was rescued after making a forced landing in the Pacific Ocean in early 1944.

Gustafson died in 1984 in Los Angeles, California, at age 66.

1939 All-America college football team
The 1939 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose All-America college football teams in 1939. The nine selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1939 season are (1) Collier's Weekly, as selected by Grantland Rice, (2) the Associated Press, (3) the United Press, (4) the All-America Board, (5) the International News Service (INS), (6) Liberty magazine, (7) the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), (8) Newsweek, and (9) the Sporting News.

Two players, USC guard Harry Smith and Cornell tackle Nick Drahos, were unanimously chosen by all nine official selectors. Two other players, Iowa halfback Nile Kinnick and Michigan halfback Tom Harmon were selected as first-team All-Americans by eight of the nine official selectors, with Kinnick winning the Heisman Trophy in 1939 and Harmon winning it in 1940.
2020 AIHL season
The 2020 AIHL season was going to be the 21st season of the Australian Ice Hockey League (AIHL). It was originally scheduled to run from 18 April 2020 until 23 August 2020, with the Goodall Cup finals following on 29 August and 30 August 2020. However, on 12 March 2020 the league announced the postponement of the 2020 season to a to be determined date due to COVID-19. Then on 29 July 2020, the AIHL commission's return to play committee announced the official cancellation of the 2020 AIHL season due to July COVID outbreaks on the east coast as well as continued border closures for WA and SA. This marked the first time the Goodall Cup was not awarded since 1993, when the competition was cancelled as a result of financial problems.

Canberra Brave
The Canberra Brave (formally CBR Brave) is a semi-professional ice hockey team based in Canberra, ACT. The team is a member of the Australian Ice Hockey League (AIHL). The team was founded in 2014 to replace the defunct Canberra Knights in the AIHL. As of the 2025 season, their home venue is AIS Arena. The Brave have claimed three Goodall Cup championships and four H Newman Reid Trophy premierships.
Endospore staining
Endospore staining is a technique used in bacteriology to identify the presence of endospores in a bacterial sample. Within bacteria, endospores are protective structures used to survive extreme conditions, including high temperatures making them highly resistant to chemicals. Endospores contain little or no ATP which indicates how dormant they can be. Endospores contain a tough outer coating made up of keratin which protects them from nucleic DNA as well as other adaptations. Endospores are able to regerminate into vegetative cells, which provides a protective nature that makes them difficult to stain using normal techniques such as simple staining and gram staining. Special techniques for endospore staining include the Schaeffer–Fulton stain and the Moeller stain.

Schaeffer–Fulton stain
The Schaeffer–Fulton stain is a technique designed to isolate endospores by staining any present endospores green, and any other bacterial bodies red. The primary stain is malachite green, and the counterstain is safranin, which dyes any other bacterial bodies red.

Endospores cannot be stained by normal staining procedures because their walls are practically impermeable to all chemicals. The Schaeffer- Fulton endospore stain uses heat to drive the primary stain(malachite green) into the endospore. After cooling, the slide is decolorized with water and counterstained with safranin.
Construction of the Cheyenne Mountain Complex
Construction of the Cheyenne Mountain Complex began with the excavation of Cheyenne Mountain in Colorado Springs, Colorado on May 18, 1961. It was made fully operational on February 6, 1967. It is a military installation and hardened nuclear bunker from which the North American Aerospace Defense Command was headquartered at the Cheyenne Mountain Complex. The United States Air Force has had a presence at the complex since the beginning, the facility is now the Cheyenne Mountain Space Force Station, which hosts other military units, including NORAD.

NORAD
The North American Aerospace Defense Command (commonly abbreviated to NORAD /ˈnɔːræd/ NΟR-ad; French: Commandement de la défense aérospatiale de l'Amérique du Nord; CDAAN) is a bi-national mutual defense organization in Canada and the United States. Established 12 September 1957 as the North American Air Defense Command, NORAD is headquartered at Peterson Space Force Base in Colorado, which also serves as the headquarters of United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM).

During World War II, Canada contacted the United States for protection from Nazi aggression. Later, during the beginning of the Cold War, the U.S. and Canada formed a permanent military alliance.

NORAD has three regions: the Alaskan region, the Canadian region, and the American Continental region. The administrative offices are located in New Mexico and Arizona. NORAD has an alternate command center called Cheyenne Mountain Complex in Colorado. NORAD has a total of 1,000 soldiers, personnel and military dependents.