hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2017–18 PSA World Tour
The 2017–18 PSA World Tour is the international squash tour organised circuit organized by the Professional Squash Association (PSA) for the 2017 squash season. It's the 3rd PSA season since the merger of PSA and WSA associations in 2015.

The most important tournaments in the series are the Men's and Women's PSA World Championship. The tour also features three categories of regular events - PSA World Series, which feature the highest prize money and the best fields; PSA 25-100 (formerly International) and PSA 5-15 (formerly Challenger). In the middle of the year, the PSA World Series tour is concluded by the Men's and Women's PSA World Series Finals in Dubai, the World Series-ending championships for the top 8 rated players.  Players' performances in the tour are rated by World Rankings for men and women.

Women's Squash World Rankings
The Women's Squash World Rankings are the official world rankings for women's squash. The WISPA, the WSA and the PSA has used a computerized system for determining the rankings since April 1984. The ranking is to rate the performance level of female professional squash players. It is also a merit-based method used for determining entry and seeding in women's squash tournaments. The rankings were initially produced monthly; this has been changed to weekly basis effective ranking issue dated August 29, 2022.

The current world number one is Nouran Gohar of Egypt, who replaced Nour El Sherbini in September 2023, and then Hania El Hammamy in November 2025.
Proto-Admiralty Islands language
Proto-Admiralty Islands (also known as Proto-Admiralty or Proto-Admiralties and abbreviated as PAdm) is the reconstructed ancestor of the Admiralty Islands languages of the Admiralty Islands, located in Papua New Guinea. It belongs to the Oceanic branch of the Austronesian languages.

It was reconstructed by Robert Blust in 1978 who showed that the languages form a subgroup within Oceanic. It was mentioned in detail by Malcolm Ross in 1998, who theorized a link with the two St. Matthias languages (Mussau and Tenis).

Malcolm Ross (linguist)
Malcolm David Ross FAHA (born 3 May 1942) is an Australian linguist. He is emeritus professor of linguistics at the Australian National University (ANU).

Ross is best known among linguists for his work on Austronesian and Papuan languages, historical linguistics, and language contact (especially metatypy). He was elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities in 1996.
El Teúl
El Teúl is an important archaeological Mesoamerican site located on a hill with the same name in the municipality of Teúl in the south of the Mexican state of Zacatecas, near the border with the state of Jalisco.

This site had one of the first industrial zones of the continent; they manufactured copper and ceramics items, also found many archaeological materials of various kinds, such as: shell beads from shaft tombs, also earflaps with Teotihuacan motifs and polychrome ceramic Codex style. The objects found, were as a result of continuous occupation this site had, for at least one 1, 800 years, in contrast with other large cities like Teotihuacan and Monte Alban.

Teúl de González Ortega Municipality
Teúl de González Ortega Municipality (Spanish: [teˈul de ɣonˈsales oɾˈteɣa] ⓘ) is a town and municipality located in the south of the Mexican state of Zacatecas, between the state capital of Zacatecas and the city of Guadalajara. Unlike most of the rest of the state, its economy has been based on agriculture and livestock, rather than mining, and it is noted for its production of agave and mezcal. The town has been named a Pueblo Mágico to promote a tourism industry.
Crofton TMD
Crofton Depot is a traction maintenance depot located in Crofton, West Yorkshire, England. The depot is situated on the Wakefield Line and Pontefract Line at the eastern end of Crofton Junction and is located near the now demolished Crofton railway station. It maintains Class 170 Turbostars for Northern Trains; CrossCountry, Grand Central and TransPennine Express store trains overnight for early morning services at the depot.

British Rail Class 170
The British Rail Class 170 Turbostar is a British diesel-hydraulic multiple unit passenger train designed and built by Adtranz, and later by Bombardier Transportation, at Derby Litchurch Lane Works.

The Class 170 was derived from the British Rail Class 165 and 166 DMUs, known as the Networker Turbos, of the 1990s. The first units were introduced to service in May 1999, shortly after the privatisation of British Rail; they have been commonly used to operate regional as well as long-distance services, and to a lesser extent suburban services. A total of 139 units were built, but some were later converted to Class 168 and Class 171 units. These trains are currently in use with CrossCountry, East Midlands Railway, Northern Trains and ScotRail.
N. C. Rawlley
Lieutenant General Naveen Chand Rawlley, PVSM, AVSM, MC (15 August 1919 – 1 November 2004) was a General Officer in the Indian Army. He served as the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Command before taking over as the 5th Vice Chief of the Army Staff.

Eastern Command (India)
The Eastern Command is one of the six operational commands of the Indian Army. It is headquartered in Vijay Durg (formerly known as Fort William) in the city of Kolkata in the state of West Bengal. The Eastern Command was formed on 1 November 1920. The Command is commanded by a three-star rank officer with the title General Officer Commanding-in-Chief (GOC-in-C).

Lieutenant General Ram Chander Tiwari is the current GOC-in-C of Eastern Command.
Golden spike
The golden spike (also known as the last spike) is the ceremonial 17.6-karat gold spike driven to mark the completion of the first transcontinental railroad across the United States. It was driven by Leland Stanford to connect the Central Pacific Railroad from Sacramento and the Union Pacific Railroad from Omaha on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory. The spike is now displayed in the Cantor Arts Center at Stanford University.

The term last spike has since been used to refer to a spike driven at the usually ceremonial completion of a railroad construction project, particularly one in which construction is undertaken from two origins toward a meeting point.

Cantor Arts Center
Cantor Arts Center (officially Iris and B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts at Stanford University, previously the Stanford University Museum of Art) is an art museum on the campus of Stanford University in Stanford, California, United States.

The museum first opened in 1894 and consists of over 130,000 sq ft (12,000 m2) of exhibition space, including sculpture gardens. The Cantor Arts Center houses the largest collection of sculptures by Auguste Rodin outside of Paris and the Soumaya Museum in Mexico City, with 199 works, most in bronze but others in different media. In 2024, the Cantor was ranked by the Washington Post as one of the five best college art museums in the U.S.
The museum is open to the public and charges no admission.
Martial music
Martial music or military music is a specific genre of music intended for use in military settings performed by professional soldiers called field musicians. Much of the military music has been composed to announce military events as with bugle calls and fanfares, or accompany marching formations with drum cadences, or mark special occasions as by military bands. However, music has been employed in battle for centuries, sometimes to intimidate the enemy and other times to encourage combatants, or to assist in organization and timing of actions in warfare. Depending on the culture, a variety of percussion and musical instruments have been used, such as drums, fifes, bugles, trumpets or other horns, bagpipes, triangles, cymbals, as well as larger military bands or full orchestras. Although some martial music has been composed in written form, other music has been developed or taught by ear, such as bugle calls or drum cadences, relying on group memory to coordinate the sounds.

Triangle (musical instrument)
The triangle, or  musical triangle, is a musical instrument in the percussion family, classified as an idiophone in the Hornbostel-Sachs classification system. Triangles are made from a variety of metals including aluminum, beryllium copper, brass, bronze, iron, and steel. The metal is bent into a triangular shape with one open end. The instrument is usually held by a loop of some form of thread or wire at the top curve to enable the triangle to vibrate, and it is struck with a metal rod called a "beater". The triangle theoretically has indefinite pitch, and produces a plurality of overtones when struck with an appropriate beater.
Mindanao State University–Maguindanao
Mindanao State University-Maguindanao (commonly referred to as MSU-Maguindanao) is a public institution of higher education located in Barangay Dalican, in the municipality of Datu Odin Sinsuat, Maguindanao del Norte, Philippines. It was established on October 10, 1973,  by Mindanao State University Board of Regents (BOR) through Resolution No. 821 series of 1973. The university is nicknamed Trailblazers.

Datu Odin Sinsuat
Datu Odin Sinsuat, officially the Municipality of Datu Odin Sinsuat (Maguindanaon: Inged nu Datu Odin Sinsuat; Jawi: داتو أودين سينسوات; Tagalog: Bayan ng Datu Odin Sinsuat), is a municipality and capital of the province of Maguindanao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 116,768 people.

The town's name was formerly known as Dinaig. It was changed to Datu Odin Sinsuat in 1994, by virtue of Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act No. 29.

The municipality is home to the Awang Domestic Airport that serves the province and Cotabato City.
Nicolai Bergmann
Nicolai Bergmann (born June 12, 1976) is a Tokyo-based Danish flower artist and designer best known for his flower boxes, a technique that started a trend in Japan.

Bergmann's work has been widely covered by periodicals in Japan, including articles in The New York Times Style Magazine: Japan, Epoch Magazine, Espresso Fukuoka, Discover Japan, Fole, Glow, Goethe Magazine, Mrs, and WWD Japan.

Bergmann's floral designs have been exhibited in Japan, including Shikaumi Shrine, Houmangu Kamado Shrine, and Shinto Dazaifu Tenmangu in 2016, and the digital art installation for the Hanami 2050 exhibit in 2018. Bergmann's designs combine traditional floral design with his western aesthetic influence.

Bergmann teaches at their floristry school in Omotesando, runs a design consultancy Nicolai Bergmann Flowers & Design, and operates a flower themed Nomu Café.

Floral design
Floral design or flower arrangement is the art of using plant material and flowers to create an eye-catching and balanced composition or display. Evidence of refined floral design is found as far back as the culture of ancient Egypt. Floral designs, called arrangements, incorporate the five elements and seven principles of floral design.

Floral design is considered a section of floristry. But floral design pertains only to the design and creation of arrangements. It does not include the marketing, merchandising, caring of, growing of, or delivery of flowers.

Common flower arrangements in floral design include vase arrangements, wreaths, nosegays, garlands, festoons, boutonnieres, corsages, and bouquets.
Memduh Oğuz
Memduh Oğuz (born 1948) is a Turkish retired bureaucrat who served as the 45th governor of Isparta between 2010 and 2013, the 36th governor of Kırklareli between 1999 and 2000, the 29th governor of Kocaeli between 1996 and 1999, the 37th governor of Tekirdağ between 1991 and 1992 and as the 36th governor of Burdur between 1988 and 1991. He is a former Kaymakam (district governor).
He completed the Governors’ Liaison Program in the U.S. by the National Governors’ Association in 1989.
Suleyman Demirel University awarded him an honorary doctorate degree in 2013.

Governor of Kocaeli
The Governor of Kocaeli (Turkish: Kocaeli Valiliği) is the bureaucratic state official responsible for both national government and state affairs in the Province of Kocaeli. Similar to the Governors of the 80 other Provinces of Turkey, the Governor of Kocaeli is appointed by the Government of Turkey and is responsible for the implementation of government legislation within Kocaeli. The Governor is also the most senior commander of both the Kocaeli provincial police force and the Kocaeli Gendarmerie.
Peter J. Woolley
Peter J. Woolley is an American political scientist, pollster, and founding director of PublicMind—an independent public opinion research group at Fairleigh Dickinson University. His research in public opinion and his commentary have been cited on a range of public issues including the effect of cable news on voter information, the constitutionality of public prayer, traffic safety, drone warfare, measuring support for independent candidates, and televising the US Supreme Court,   He is also cited on New Jersey's gubernatorial politics since Governor James McGreevey through Governors Richard Codey, Jon Corzine, Chris Christie, and Phil Murphy, as well as on US Senate elections, presidential politics, congressional races, and other New Jersey policy debates such as affordable housing, Atlantic City and the gambling industry, residential segregation, and even on the effects on public opinion of the TV reality show Jersey Shore by gossip columnist Perez Hilton.

Fairleigh Dickinson University
Fairleigh Dickinson University (/ˈfɛərli/) is a private university with its main campuses in New Jersey, located in Madison / Florham Park and in Teaneck / Hackensack. Founded in 1942, Fairleigh Dickinson University offers more than 100 degree programs. In addition to two campuses in New Jersey, the university has a campus in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, one in Wroxton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, and an online platform. Fairleigh Dickinson University is New Jersey's largest private institution of higher education, with over 12,000 students.
Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 2026
Norway is set to be represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2026 with the song "Ya Ya Ya", written by Jonas Lovv Hellesøy and Sondre Skaftun, and perfomed by Jonas Lovv himself. The Norwegian participating broadcaster, the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK), organised the national final Melodi Grand Prix 2026 in order to select its entry for the contest.

Melodi Grand Prix
Melodi Grand Prix (Norwegian: [mɛlʊˈdiː ɡrɑŋ ˈpriː]), commonly known as Grand Prix and MGP, sometimes as Norsk Melodi Grand Prix, is an annual music competition organised by Norwegian public broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK). It determines its entry for the Eurovision Song Contest, and has been staged almost every year since 1960.

The festival has produced three Eurovision winners, a non-winning televote winner and nine top-five placings for Norway at the contest. However, Norway holds the record for the number of entries who have come last since entering Eurovision; 12 in all. Despite this, the competition still makes considerable impact on music charts in Norway and other Nordic countries, with the 2008 winner topping the Norwegian charts.
Giant current ripples
Giant current ripples (GCRs), also known as giant gravel bars or giant gravel dunes, are a form of subaqueous dune. They are active channel topographic forms up to 20 m high, which occur within near-thalweg areas of the main outflow routes created by glacial lake outburst floods. Giant current ripple marks are large scale analogues of small current ripples formed by sand in streams. Giant current ripple marks are important features associated with scablands. As a landscape component, they are found in several areas that were previously in the vicinity of large glacial lakes.

Glacial lake outburst flood
A glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) is a type of outburst flood caused by the failure of a dam containing a glacial lake. An event similar to a GLOF, where a body of water contained by a glacier melts or overflows the glacier, is called a jökulhlaup. The dam can consist of glacier ice or a terminal moraine. Failure can happen due to erosion, a buildup of water pressure, an avalanche of rock or heavy snow, an earthquake or cryoseism, volcanic eruptions under the ice, or massive displacement of water in a glacial lake when a large portion of an adjacent glacier collapses into it.

Increasing glacial melting because of climate change, alongside other environmental effects of climate change (i.e. permafrost melting) mean that regions with glaciers are likely to see increased flooding risks from GLOFs. This is especially true in the Himalayas where geologies are more active.

A 2023 study found 15 million people at risk from this hazard, mostly in China, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Peru.
Ceremony (punk band)
Ceremony is an American punk rock band from Rohnert Park, California. The band's current line-up features Ross Farrar (vocals), Anthony Anzaldo (guitar), Jasmine Watson (bass), Andy Nelson (guitar), and Jake Casarotti (drums). Ryan Mattos (guitar) left before the group's Matador Records signing in 2011, being replaced by Nelson. The band have released six studio albums to date, and have changed their sound considerably across their discography – ranging from elements of powerviolence, grindcore, hardcore punk, punk rock, garage rock, post-punk, indie rock and new wave. Pitchfork once wrote that "Ceremony are hell-bent on not making the same record twice", while Stereogum described the band as "a very good punk band executing old punk tricks to massive effectiveness".

Rohnert Park, California
Rohnert Park is a city in Sonoma County, California, United States, located approximately 50 miles (80 km) north of San Francisco. The population at the 2020 United States census was 44,390. It is an early planned city and is the sister city of Hashimoto in Japan. Sonoma State University, part of the California State University system, is located nearby.
Conditional quantum entropy
The conditional quantum entropy is an entropy measure used in quantum information theory.  It is a generalization of the conditional entropy of classical information theory.   For a bipartite state , the conditional entropy is written , or , depending on the notation being used for the von Neumann entropy. The quantum conditional entropy was defined in terms of a conditional density operator  by Nicolas Cerf and Chris Adami, who showed that quantum conditional entropies can be negative, something that is forbidden in classical physics. The negativity of quantum conditional entropy is a sufficient criterion for quantum non-separability.

In what follows, we use the notation  for the von Neumann entropy, which will simply be called "entropy".

Von Neumann entropy
In physics, the von Neumann entropy, named after John von Neumann, is a measure of the statistical uncertainty within a description of a quantum system. It extends the concept of Gibbs entropy from classical statistical mechanics to quantum statistical mechanics, and it is the quantum counterpart of the Shannon entropy from classical information theory. For a quantum-mechanical system described by a density matrix ρ, the von Neumann entropy is

where  denotes the trace and  denotes the matrix version of the natural logarithm. If the density matrix ρ is written in a basis of its eigenvectors  as

then the von Neumann entropy is merely

In this form, S can be seen as the Shannon entropy of the eigenvalues, reinterpreted as probabilities.

The von Neumann entropy and quantities based upon it are widely used in the study of quantum entanglement.
Vibrato
Vibrato (Italian, from past participle of "vibrare", to vibrate) is a musical effect consisting of a regular, pulsating change of pitch. It is used to add expression to vocal and instrumental music. Vibrato is typically characterized in terms of two factors: the amount of pitch variation ("extent of vibrato") and the speed with which the pitch is varied ("rate of vibrato").

In singing, it can occur spontaneously through variations in the larynx. The vibrato of a string instrument and wind instrument is an imitation of that vocal function. Vibrato can also be reproduced mechanically (Leslie speaker) or electronically as an audio effect close to chorus.

Chorus (audio effect)
Chorus is an audio effect that occurs when individual sounds with approximately the same time, and very similar pitches, converge. While similar sounds coming from multiple sources can occur naturally, as in the case of a choir or string orchestra, it can also be simulated using an electronic effects unit or signal processing device.

When the effect is produced successfully, none of the constituent sounds are perceived as being out of tune. It is characteristic of sounds with a rich, shimmering quality that would be absent if the sound came from a single source. The shimmer occurs because of beating. The effect is more apparent when listening to sounds that sustain for longer periods of time.

The chorus effect is especially easy to hear when listening to a choir or string ensemble. A choir has multiple people singing each part (alto, tenor, etc.). A string ensemble has multiple violinists and possibly multiples of other stringed instruments.
Jonny Edgar
Jonny Edgar (born 13 February 2004) is a British racing driver racing in the FIA World Endurance Championship with TF Sport and the IMSA SportsCar Championship with AO Racing. He won the 2024 European Le Mans Series alongside Louis Delétraz and Robert Kubica and is the 2020 ADAC F4 champion.

2025 IMSA SportsCar Championship
The 2025 IMSA SportsCar Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2025 IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship) was a motor racing championship and the 55th racing season sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association, which traced its lineage back to the 1971 IMSA GT Championship. It was also the twelfth season of the IMSA SportsCar Championship since the merger between the American Le Mans Series and the Rolex Sports Car Series in 2014, and the tenth under the sponsorship of WeatherTech.
KABT
KABT-FM (101.7 FM), "The Patriot" is an Americana/Texas country/southern rock radio station serving the Abilene, Texas, area and licensed to nearby Hawley, Texas. The station is owned by Radio Abilene.

The 101.7 facility went on the air at the end of 2018 as KTJK, with a variety hits format. Radio Abilene acquired the station in 2021 and relaunched it as "The Raider" with the same music format. In 2023, The Raider moved to 106.3 MHz, and 101.7 was relaunched with its present format.

Americana music
Americana is a general term for country rock and rockabilly formed by the confluence of the shared and varied traditions that make up the musical ethos of the United States, with particular emphasis on music historically developed in the American South.
Ballygowan
Ballygowan (from Irish Baile Mhic Gabhann, meaning 'McGowan's townland') is a village in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is within the Ards and North Down Borough. The town of Comber is a short distance to the north-east, the town of Saintfield to the south, and the city of Belfast further to the north-west. It is within the civil parishes of Killinchy and Comber and is split between the historic baronies of Castlereagh Lower and Castlereagh Upper. It had a population of 3,138 people in the 2021 census.

McGowan
McGowan /məˈɡaʊən/ is an Irish and Scottish surname. It is an anglicisation of the Irish Mac Gabhann and Scottish Mac Gobhann, both of which mean 'son of (the) smith'. Belonging to the Uí Echach Cobo, located in modern-day western County Down in Ulster, they were of the same stock as the McGuinness clan.