hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Narcoterrorism
Narcoterrorism, in its original context, is understood to be the attempts of narcotics traffickers to influence the policies of a government or a society through violence and intimidation, and to hinder the enforcement of anti-drug laws by the systematic threat or use of such violence.

Although the Medellín Cartel was one of the first criminal organizations to be formally classified as a Foreign Terrorist Organization, its use has become widely relevant in the 21st century, particularly from 2025 onwards following the deployment of US naval troops in the Caribbean in the context of Operation Southern Spear.

On February 22, 2026, the Mexican Army killed Nemesio Oseguera Cervantes, leader of the Jalisco New Generation Cartel, and six other people were killed. The event triggered shootouts, explosions and the burning of hundreds of businesses, road blockades, kidnappings, and an apparent state of siege.

United States Department of State list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations
The United States Department of State maintains a list with Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTO) in accordance with section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 (INA). Most of the terrorist organizations on the list are Islamist extremist groups; the rest are nationalist/separatist groups, Marxist militant groups, drug cartels, or transnational gangs.

The Department of State, along with the United States Department of the Treasury, also has the authority to designate individuals and entities as subject to counter-terrorism sanctions according to Executive Order 13224. The Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) maintains a separate list of such individuals and entities.
Fencing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's sabre
The men's sabre was one of seven fencing events on the fencing at the 1948 Summer Olympics programme. It was the eleventh appearance of the event. The competition was held from 12 August 1948 to 13 August 1948. 60 fencers from 24 nations competed. Nations were limited to three fencers each. The event was won by Aladár Gerevich, the fifth of nine straight Games in which a Hungarian would win the event. Gerevich became the third man to win multiple medals in the individual sabre, adding to his 1936 bronze. Vincenzo Pinton of Italy took silver and Pál Kovács of Hungary took bronze; it was the third straight Games where the sabre podium was Hungary-Italy-Hungary.

Fencing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's team sabre
The men's team sabre was one of seven fencing events on the fencing at the 1948 Summer Olympics programme. It was the eighth appearance of the event. The competition was held from 10 August 1948 to 11 August 1948. 85 fencers from 17 nations competed.

The competition format continued the pool play round-robin from prior years. Each of the four fencers from one team would face each of the four from the other, for a total of 16 bouts per match. The team that won more bouts won the match, with competition potentially stopping when one team reached 9 points out of the possible 16 (this did not always occur and matches sometimes continued). If the bouts were 8–8, touches received was used to determine the winning team. Pool matches unnecessary to the result were not played.
Mera Yaqeen
Mera Yaqeen(Urdu: میرا یقین, lit. 'My Belief') is a 2012 Pakistani drama serial aired on ARY Digital. The serial is directed by Sarmad Khoosat and written by Seema Munaf. Starring Faisal Qureshi, Savera Nadeem, Nimra Bucha and Farhan Ali Agha, it was a production of A&B Entertainment. The drama serial follows the life of a happily married couple who are happy in their life until they meet with a disaster.

Farhan Ally Agha
Farhan Ally Agha (Urdu: فرحان علی آغا; also spelled: Farhan Ali Agha) is a Pakistani politician, film, television and voice actor who appears in Urdu television serials and films. He has dubbed the voice of Commander Safeguard in an animated series, Commander Safeguard and also dubbed the voice of Halit Ergenç in the drama serial Mera Sultan.
Lee's Discount Liquor
Lee's Discount Liquor is a chain of liquor stores in Nevada. It was founded by Hae Un Lee in 1981, and is the largest liquor retailer in the state, with 22 locations as of 2017. Besides the Las Vegas Valley and Reno, the company also has stores in Mesquite and West Wendover, two locations that are popular with residents of nearby Utah, where alcohol laws are more strict. The company is known for its humorous advertising, which often featured Hae Un Lee and his son Kenny Lee, who respectively served as chief executive officer and president for the company. Hae Un Lee died of pancreatic cancer in 2021, and Kenny Lee took over as CEO, serving until his death in a car crash less than three months later.

West Wendover, Nevada
West Wendover is a city in Elko County, Nevada, United States. The population was 4,512 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Elko micropolitan area. West Wendover is located on the eastern border of Nevada and the western edge of the Great Salt Lake Desert and is contiguous with Wendover, Utah, with which it is sometimes confused. It is home to five casinos and a cannabis dispensary which attract many visitors from neighboring Utah, where both casino gambling and non-medical cannabis are illegal. Interstate 80 runs just north of the cities, while Interstate 80 Business (Wendover Boulevard) runs through the two cities.
Morse–Smale system
In dynamical systems theory, an area of pure mathematics, a Morse–Smale system is a smooth dynamical system whose non-wandering set consists of finitely many hyperbolic equilibrium points and hyperbolic periodic orbits and satisfying a transversality condition on the stable and unstable manifolds. Morse–Smale systems are structurally stable and form one of the simplest and best studied classes of smooth dynamical systems. They are named after Marston Morse, the creator of the Morse theory, and Stephen Smale, who emphasized their importance for smooth dynamics and algebraic topology.

Morse theory
In mathematics, specifically in differential topology, Morse theory enables one to analyze the topology of a manifold by studying differentiable functions on that manifold. According to the basic insights of Marston Morse, a typical differentiable function on a manifold will reflect the topology quite directly. Morse theory allows one to find CW structures and handle decompositions on manifolds and to obtain substantial information about their homology.

Before Morse, Arthur Cayley and James Clerk Maxwell had developed some of the ideas of Morse theory in the context of topography. Morse originally applied his theory to geodesics (critical points of the energy functional on the space of paths). These techniques were used in Raoul Bott's proof of his periodicity theorem.

The analogue of Morse theory for complex manifolds is Picard–Lefschetz theory.
Udenna Corporation
Udenna Corporation operates as a holding company. The Company distributes and retails petroleum products and lubricants, engages in shipping and logistics services, operates in property development, education, food, gaming, tourism, infrastructure and telecommunications sectors in Philippines.

Dito CME Holdings Corporation
Dito CME Holdings Corporation (formerly known as Itogon-Suyoc Mines, Inc. and ISM Communications Corporation) is a Filipino conglomerate holding firm and the parent company of Dito Telecommunity. Formed in 1925, the company primarily engages in telecommunications and information technology infrastructure.
Teerpu
Teerpu (transl. The Judgement) is a 1975 Indian Telugu-language legal drama film, produced and directed by U. Viswaswara Rao. The film stars N. T. Rama Rao and Savitri, with music composed by Chakravarthy. It was released on 1 October 1975.

K. Chakravarthy
K. Chakravarthy (born Kommineni Appa Rao; 8 September 1936 – 3 February 2002) was an Indian music director and actor who primarily worked in Telugu cinema. He made his debut in 1971 with Mooga Prema and went on compose music for over 1000 films, predominantly in Telugu language (884 films), followed by Kannada (60 films). He won two Nandi Awards.
Queen of Hearts (2019 film)
Queen of Hearts (Danish: Dronningen, The Queen) is a 2019 Danish drama film directed by May el-Toukhy, and starring Trine Dyrholm and Gustav Lindh. The Danish and English film titles obliquely refer to the Queen of Hearts character in the children's book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland which is mentioned repeatedly in the film. The film was selected as the Danish entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 92nd Academy Awards, though it was not nominated. The film won the 2019 Nordic Council Film Prize.

Queen of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)
The Queen of Hearts is a fictional character and the main antagonist in the 1865 book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll. She is a childish, foul-tempered monarch whom Carroll himself describes as "a blind fury", and who is quick to give death sentences at even the slightest of offenses. One of her most famous lines is the oft-repeated "Off with his/her/their head(s)!"

The Queen is referred to as a card from a pack of playing cards by Alice, yet somehow she is able to talk and is the ruler of the lands in the story, alongside her husband, the King of Hearts. She is often confused with the Red Queen from the 1871 sequel, Through the Looking-Glass, although the two are different characters.
Aditya Ghosh
Aditya Ghosh is an Indian lawyer-turned-businessman working primarily in the civil aviation and hospitality industries. He was the former president and whole time director of IndiGo from 2008 to 2018. He is the co-founder of Akasa Air with Vinay Dube. Ghosh was also the CEO of OYO Hotel & Homes, South Asia and currently serves as a member of its board. He is a member of the board of management at Ashoka University and a visiting faculty at the university's Department of Entrepreneurship.

Oyo Rooms
OYO Rooms (stylised as OYO), formerly known as OYO Hotels & Homes, is an Indian multinational hospitality chain owned by PRISM which operates leased and franchised hotels, homes, and living spaces. It is headquartered in Gurgaon, Haryana. Founded in 2012 by Ritesh Agarwal, OYO initially consisted mainly of budget hotels. As of January 2020, it has more than 43,000 properties and 1 million rooms across 800 cities in 80 countries.
Divriği
Divriği (Kurdish: Dîvrîgî; Armenian: Տեւրիկ, romanized: Tevrik) is a town of eleven thousand people in Sivas Province, Turkey, and is the district capital of Divriği District. The town lies on a gentle slope on the south bank of the Çaltısuyu river, a tributary of the Karasu river which flows into the Euphrates.

The 13th century Great Mosque and Hospital of Divriği are on UNESCO's World Heritage List by virtue of the exquisite carvings and architecture of both buildings. There are large iron mines nearby and the town is on the Turkish rail network.

Divriği A-Kafa mine
The Divriği A-Kafa mine is a large mine in the east of Turkey in Sivas Province 245 km east of the capital, Ankara. Divriği A-Kafa represents the largest iron reserve in Turkey having estimated reserves of 100 million tonnes of ore grading 55% iron. The 100 million tonnes of ore contains 55 million tonnes of iron metal.
SMK Datuk Peter Mojuntin
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Datuk Peter Mojuntin (English: Datuk Peter Mojuntin National Secondary School; commonly known as SMK Datuk Peter Mojuntin or SMK DPM) is one of the secondary schools in Sabah which is located at Penampang, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. It is close to Sabah's capital city, Kota Kinabalu.

The school was officially opened on 27 February 1979 by the then-Education Minister, Dato’ (now Tun) Musa Hitam.

Named after Datuk Peter Joinod Mojuntin, the 5th State Minister of Local Government and Housing, who was killed in June 1976 among with other Sabahan politicians due to a plane crash known as the Double Six Tragedy. He was a well-respected leader and was regarded as the Golden Son of the Kadazan.

Penampang
Penampang (Malay: Pekan Penampang) is the capital of the Penampang District in the West Coast Division of Sabah, Malaysia. Its population was estimated to be around 93,616 in 2010, with ethnic Kadazan as the majority. It contains, or is synonymous with, Donggongon, which as of 2007, had a population of 78,086.

Penampang has virtually become a suburb of Kota Kinabalu and considered as part of the Greater Kota Kinabalu area.
Serotonergic cell groups
Serotonergic cell groups refer to collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine). Since they are for the most part localized to classical brainstem nuclei, particularly the raphe nuclei, they are more often referred to by the names of those nuclei than by the B1-9 nomenclature. These cells appear to be common across most mammals and have two main regions in which they develop; one forms in the mesencephlon and the rostral pons and the other in the medulla oblongata and the caudal pons.

Nine serotonergic cell groups have been identified.

Pons
The pons (from Latin pons, 'bridge'code: lat promoted to code: la ) is the part of the brainstem that, in humans and other mammals, lies inferior to the midbrain, superior to the medulla oblongata, and anterior to the cerebellum.

The pons is also called the pons Varoliicode: lat promoted to code: la  ('bridge of Variolus'), after the Italian anatomist and surgeon Costanzo Varolio (1543–1575). The pons contains neural pathways and nerve tracts that conduct signals from the brain down to the cerebellum and medulla, as well as pathways that carry the sensory signals up into the thalamus.
Swanwick Shore Strict Baptist Chapel
Swanwick Shore Strict Baptist Chapel is a Strict Baptist place of worship in Lower Swanwick, a village in the Borough of Fareham in Hampshire, England.  It has been in continuous use for worship since 1844, when it succeeded a converted boat-shed which had become unsuitable.  Worshippers had gathered there since 1835, led by a pastor who had previously attended a different chapel nearby and who continued to lead the congregation until his death in 1892.  Historic England has listed the simple brick building at Grade II for its architectural and historical importance.

Borough of Fareham
The Borough of Fareham is a local government district with borough status in Hampshire, England. Its council is based in Fareham. Other places within the borough include Portchester, Hill Head, Sarisbury, Stubbington, Titchfield and Warsash. The borough covers much of the semi-urban area between the cities of Southampton and Portsmouth, and is part of the South Hampshire conurbation. The neighbouring districts are Eastleigh, Winchester, Portsmouth and Gosport. The district's southern boundary is the coast of the Solent.
Antlers Hotel (Colorado Springs, Colorado)
The Antlers is a Wyndham Hotel located in Colorado Springs, Colorado. It opened in 1967 and is the third hotel of that name on the same site.

The first Antlers Hotel was built in 1883 and burned down in 1898.

The second Antlers Hotel, completed in 1901, was torn down in 1964 to make way for the current Antlers.

Wyndham Hotels & Resorts
Wyndham Hotels & Resorts, Inc., is an American hospitality company based in Parsippany, New Jersey, United States. It describes itself as the largest hotel franchisor in the world, with 9,100 locations.

The company was formed on June 1, 2018, as a spin-off from Wyndham Worldwide, which is now known as Travel + Leisure. As of 2024, it has a portfolio of 25 hotel brands, amongst them are Days Inn, Howard Johnson's, Ramada, Super 8 and Travelodge.
Prafulla Chandra Ray
Sir Prafulla Chandra Ray CIE FNI FRASB FIAS FCS (also spelled Prafulla Chandra Roy; Bengali: প্রফুল্ল চন্দ্র রায় Prôphullô Côndrô Rāẏ; 2 August 1861 – 16 June 1944) was a Bengali chemist, educationist, historian, industrialist and philanthropist. He established the first modern Indian research school in chemistry (post classical age) and is regarded as the Father of Indian Chemistry.

The Royal Society of Chemistry honoured his life and work with the first ever Chemical Landmark Plaque outside Europe. He was the founder of Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals, India's first pharmaceutical company. He is the author of  A History of Hindu Chemistry from the Earliest Times to the Middle of the Sixteenth Century (1902).

Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS) is a public, deemed, research university for higher education and research in basic sciences under the Department of Science & Technology, Government of India. Established on 29 July 1876 by Mahendralal Sarkar, a private medical practitioner, it focuses on fundamental research in basic sciences. It is India's oldest research institute located at Jadavpur, South Kolkata near Jadavpur University, Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute and Indian Institute of Chemical Biology. It is spread over a limited area of 9.5 acres and currently in the process of building an advanced SMART campus at Baruipur.

The association is engaged in research in various fields of physical sciences, chemical sciences, biological sciences, mathematical and computational sciences, materials sciences and various applied and interdisciplinary sciences areas.
Edmund Ho
Edmund Ho Hau Wah, GML, GCM, GOIH (born 13 March 1955) is a Macau politician who served as the first Chief Executive of the Macau Special Administrative Region from 1999 to 2009. He currently serves as a Vice-Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Edmund Ho was made Chief Executive-elect on 15 May 1999 by the Selection Committee for the Chief Executive of the Macau SAR. He was appointed Chief Executive-designate on 20 May of the same year by the Premier of the State Council, Zhu Rongji, and was formally sworn in as Chief Executive at the special ceremony marking the establishment of the Macau SAR on 20 December 1999.

Grand Lotus Medal of Honour
The Grand Lotus Medal of Honour (Portuguese: Medalhas de honra de Grande Lótus; Chinese: 大蓮花榮譽勳章; pinyin: Dà liánhuā róngyù xūnzhāng) is the highest award under the Macau SAR honors and awards system which recognizes lifelong and highly significant contributions to the well-being of Macau.
2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida
The 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida was a period of vote recounting in Florida that occurred during the weeks after Election Day in the 2000 United States presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore. The Florida vote was ultimately settled in Bush's favor by a margin of 537 votes out of 5,963,110 cast when the U.S. Supreme Court, in Bush v. Gore, stopped a recount that had been initiated upon a ruling by the Florida Supreme Court. Bush's win in Florida gave him a majority of votes in the Electoral College and victory in the presidential election.

Chad (paper)
Chad refers to fragments sometimes created when holes are made in a paper, card or similar synthetic materials, such as computer punched tape or punched cards. The word "chad" has been used both as a mass noun (as in "a pile of chad") and as a countable noun (pluralizing as in "many chads").
White light interferometry
White light interferometry is a non-contact optical method for surface height measurement on 3D structures with surface profiles varying between tens of nanometers and a few centimeters. It is often used as an alternative name for coherence scanning interferometry in the context of areal surface topography instrumentation that relies on spectrally-broadband, visible-wavelength light (white light).

Coherence scanning interferometry
Coherence scanning interferometry (CSI) is any of a class of optical surface measurement methods wherein the localization of interference fringes during a scan of optical path length provides a means to determine surface characteristics such as topography, transparent film structure, and optical properties.  CSI is currently the most common interference microscopy technique for  areal surface topography measurement.
The term "CSI" was adopted by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

The technique encompasses but is not limited to instruments that use spectrally broadband, visible sources (white light) to achieve interference fringe localization.  CSI uses either fringe localization alone or in combination with interference fringe phase, depending on the surface type, desired surface topography repeatability and software capabilities. The table below compiles alternative terms that conform at least in part to the above definition.
Dead Man on Campus
Dead Man on Campus is a 1998 American black comedy film starring Tom Everett Scott and Mark-Paul Gosselaar. It centers on the urban legend that a student gets straight As if his roommate commits suicide (see pass by catastrophe). Two failing friends attempt to find a depressed roommate to push him over the edge and receive As.

To boost ticket sales, the film's U.S. release was timed with the start of the new college school year in late August 1998. The film was shot at University of the Pacific in Stockton, California. Dead Man on Campus was released by Paramount Pictures on August 21, 1998 to negative reviews from critics while grossing $15 million against a $14 million budget.

Academic grading in the United States
In the United States, academic grading commonly takes on the form of five, six or seven letter grades. Traditionally, the grades are A+, A, A−, B+, B, B−, C+, C, C−, D+, D, D− and F, with A+ being the highest and F being lowest. In some cases, grades can also be numerical. Numeric-to-letter-grade conversions generally vary from system to system and between disciplines and status.
Benjamin Franklin Terry
Benjamin Franklin Terry (February 18, 1821 – December 17, 1861) raised and commanded the 8th Texas Cavalry Regiment, popularly known as Terry's Texas Rangers, during the American Civil War. A slave owner, planter and prominent citizen of Fort Bend County, he organized the regiment for the Confederate States Army. Terry was killed in the regiment's first action at Rowlett's Station near Woodsonville, Kentucky.

Battle of Rowlett's Station
The Battle of Rowlett's Station (also known as Battle of Woodsonville or Green River) was a land battle in the American Civil War, fought at the railroad whistle-stop of Rowlett's in Hart County, Kentucky, on December 17, 1861. The outcome was inconclusive, although the Union Army continued to hold its objective, a railroad bridge across the Green River.