hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kozuya Station
Kozuya Station (小鳥谷駅, Kozuya-eki) is a railway station on the Iwate Ginga Railway Line in the town of Ichinohe, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, operated by the third-sector railway operator Iwate Ginga Railway Company.

Iwate Galaxy Railway Line
The Iwate Galaxy Railway Line (いわて銀河鉄道線, Iwate Ginga Tetsudō-sen) is a railway line in Japan operated by the "third sector" publicly and privately owned operator Iwate Galaxy Railway Company. It connects Morioka Station in Morioka, Iwate to Metoki Station in Sannohe, Aomori.

Formerly part of the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) Tohoku Main Line, it was separated on 1 December 2002 with the opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen which parallels the route. JR Freight services continue to travel over the line.
Alexey Troitsky
Alexey Alexeyevich Troitsky (Russian: Алексе́й Алексе́евич Тро́ицкий; March 14, 1866 – August 1942; also Alexei, Troitzky, Troitzki) was a Russian chess theoretician. He is widely considered to have been one of the greatest composers of chess endgame studies. He is widely regarded as the founder of the modern art of composing chess studies (Seirawan 2003:91). Troitsky died of starvation during World War II at the siege of Leningrad. During the war, many of his notes got destroyed or lost so some of the latest chess problems he composed were never published.

One of his most famous works involves analyzing the endgame with two knights versus a pawn, see Troitsky line.  John Nunn analyzed this endgame with an endgame tablebase and stated that "the analysis of Troitsky ... is astonishingly accurate" (Nunn 1995:265).

John Nunn
John Denis Martin Nunn (born 25 April 1955) is an English chess grandmaster, a three-time world champion in chess problem solving, a chess writer and publisher, and a mathematician. He is one of England's strongest chess players and was formerly in the world's top ten.
2014 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina
The 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina were held on Tuesday, November 4, 2014, to elect the 13 U.S. representatives from the state of North Carolina, one from each of the state's 13 congressional districts. The elections coincided with other elections to the United States Senate and House of Representatives and various state and local elections, including an election to the U.S. Senate.

Primary elections were held on Tuesday, May 6, 2014. In primaries in which no candidate won more than 40% of the vote (the Democratic primary in the 5th district and the Republican primary in the 6th district), second primary elections (runoffs) were held between the top two candidates on July 15, 2014.

2014 United States Senate election in North Carolina
The 2014 United States Senate election in North Carolina took place on November 4, 2014, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the state of North Carolina, concurrently with other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. The primary took place on May 6, 2014.

This was one of the seven Democratic-held Senate seats up for election in a state that Mitt Romney won in the 2012 presidential election.

Incumbent Democratic senator Kay Hagan ran for re-election to a second term in office and lost to Republican Thom Tillis, Speaker of the North Carolina House of Representatives by about 45,000 votes and a margin of 1.6%. This made the election the second-closest race of the 2014 Senate election cycle, behind only the election in Virginia. This is the last time a Senator from North Carolina lost re-election.
Lina Bradford
Lina Bradford, professionally known as DJ Lina (previously known as Girlina), is an American disc jockey, dancer, and actress. Bradford was a member of the 1990s New York Club Kids scene and first performed as a DJ in 1997. She appeared in films, including Wigstock: The Movie and Woo, for which she gained wider prominence. She hosts an interview web series titled In the Dollhouse with Lina.

Club Kids
The Club Kids were a New York City-based artistic and fashion-conscious youth movement composed of nightlife personalities active from the late 1980s to 1996. Coined by a 1988 New York cover story, the Club Kids crossed over into the public consciousness through appearances on daytime talk shows, magazine editorials, fashion campaigns and music videos. Retrospectively, writers have commented that the Club Kids planted the seeds for popular cultural trends such as reality television, self-branding, influencers and even the "gender revolution". Known for their outrageous looks, legendary parties and sometimes illicit antics, the Club Kids were seen as the embodiment of Generation X and would prove to be "the last definitive subculture group of the analog world".
Shirley Elliott
Shirley Burnham Elliott ONS (1916 – 2004) was a Canadian librarian and historian from Nova Scotia. She was the legislative librarian of Nova Scotia from 1954 to 1982, and in 2003 was awarded the Order of Nova Scotia in recognition of her efforts.

Order of Nova Scotia
The Order of Nova Scotia is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. The order was instituted through the Order of Nova Scotia Act on 1 June 2001, with the first appointments beginning in 2002. The order is intended to honour current or former Nova Scotia residents who have demonstrated a high level of individual excellence and achievement, thus being described as the highest honour amongst all those conferred by the Nova Scotia Crown. The lieutenant governor is Chancellor of the order, and is responsible for inducting new members.
Maurice Bonham-Carter
Sir Maurice Bonham-Carter KCB KCVO (11 October 1880 – 7 June 1960) was an English Liberal politician. He was H. H. Asquith's Principal Private Secretary during Asquith's time as prime minister from 1910 to 1916 and later served in other government posts. He played cricket for Oxford University Cricket Club in the early 20th century.  The actress Helena Bonham Carter is his granddaughter.

Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
The Principal Private Secretary to the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is a senior official in the civil service of the United Kingdom. As a principal private secretary, they are traditionally responsible for running the prime minister's private office in 10 Downing Street. In the Civil Service, the role is currently graded as director general.

The current principal private secretary is Dan York-Smith.
Zinda Pir's Tomb Complex
The Zinda Pir's Tomb Complex, known as Zinda Pir's Mazar (Bengali: জিন্দাপীরের মাজার) situated half a kilometres west of Khan Jahan's tomb in Bagerhat, is traditionally associated with a saint identified as Ahmad Ali. The name of Zinda Pir translates to “Living Saint”. Enclosed within a square outer wall measuring 33.22 meters per side, the complex includes a single-domed tomb for the saint, a single-domed mosque, and several brick-built graves attributed to the saint's family members. According to local tradition, the saint's residence, now lost, was located to the north of the complex. The mosque architecture dates back to late-sixteenth century. The mosque was repaired in 2002 and declared as a protected monument in 2011 by the Department of Archeology.

Mausoleum of Khan Jahan Ali
The Mausoleum of Khan Jahan Ali, commonly known as Khan Jahan Ali Mazar (Bengali: খান জাহান আলীর মাজার) is a historic tomb located in Bagerhat District, Khulna, Bangladesh. Built in 1459, it serves as the final resting place of Khan Jahan Ali, 15th-century Sufi saint and regional governor credited with spreading Islam in southern Bengal and founding the Mosque City of Bagerhat, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The mausoleum, constructed in the distinctive Khan Jahan architectural style, features a square structure with a single dome, cut stone walls, and intricate designs. Adjacent to the mazar is a large pond, known as Thakur Dighi, and a mosque, forming part of a significant religious and cultural complex.
Complemented lattice
In the mathematical discipline of order theory, a complemented lattice is a bounded lattice (with least element 0 and greatest element 1), in which every element a has a complement, i.e. an element b satisfying a ∨ b = 1 and a ∧ b = 0.
Complements need not be unique.

A relatively complemented lattice is a lattice such that every interval [c, d], viewed as a bounded lattice in its own right, is a complemented lattice.

An orthocomplementation on a complemented lattice is an involution that is order-reversing and maps each element to a complement. An orthocomplemented lattice satisfying a weak form of the modular law is called an orthomodular lattice.

In bounded distributive lattices, complements are unique. Every complemented distributive lattice has a unique orthocomplementation and is in fact a Boolean algebra.

Distributive lattice
In mathematics,  a distributive lattice is a lattice in which the operations of join and meet distribute over each other. The prototypical examples of such structures are collections of sets for which the lattice operations can be given by set union and intersection. Indeed, these lattices of sets describe the scenery completely: every distributive lattice is—up to isomorphism—given as such a lattice of sets.
Evolutionary models of food sharing
Evolutionary biologists have developed various theoretical models to explain the evolution of food-sharing behavior—"[d]efined as the unresisted transfer of food" from one food-motivated individual to another—among humans and other animals.

Models of food-sharing are based upon general evolutionary theory. When applied to human behavior, these models are considered a branch of human behavioral ecology. Researchers have developed several types of food-sharing models, involving phenomena such as kin selection, reciprocal altruism, tolerated theft, group cooperation, and  costly signaling. Kin-selection and reciprocal-altruism models of food-sharing are based upon evolutionary concepts of kin selection and altruism. Since the theoretical basis of these models involves reproductive fitness, one underlying assumption of these models is that greater resource-accumulation increases reproductive fitness. Food-sharing has been theorized as an important development in early human evolution.

Human behavioral ecology
Human behavioral ecology (HBE) or human evolutionary ecology applies the principles of evolutionary theory and optimization to the study of human behavioral and cultural diversity. HBE examines the adaptive design of traits, behaviors, and life histories of humans in an ecological context. One aim of modern human behavioral ecology is to determine how ecological and social factors influence and shape behavioral flexibility within and between human populations. Among other things, HBE attempts to explain variation in human behavior as adaptive solutions to the competing life-history demands of growth, development, reproduction, parental care, and mate acquisition. HBE overlaps with evolutionary psychology, human or cultural ecology, and decision theory. It is most prominent in disciplines such as anthropology and psychology where human evolution is considered relevant for a holistic understanding of human behavior.
Nahas Angula
Nahas Gideon Angula (born 22 August 1943) is a Namibian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of Namibia from 21 March 2005 to 4 December 2012. He was succeeded by Hage Geingob in a cabinet reshuffle after the 2012 SWAPO Party congress. He subsequently served as Minister of Defence from 2012 to 2015.

Angula is a member of the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO). He was Minister of Education, Culture, Youth and Sport from 1990 to 1995 and Minister of Higher Education from 1995 to 2005.

Hage Geingob
Hage Gottfried Geingob (3 August 1941 – 4 February 2024) was a Namibian politician who served as the third president of Namibia from 2015 until his death in February 2024. Geingob was the country's first prime minister from 1990 to 2002, and served again from 2012 to 2015.

Between 2008 and 2012 Geingob served as Minister of Trade and Industry. In November 2014, Geingob was elected president of Namibia by an overwhelming margin. In November 2017, Geingob became the third president of the ruling SWAPO Party after winning by a large margin at the party's sixth Congress. He served as the party's president until his death. In August 2018, Geingob began a one-year term as chairperson of the Southern African Development Community.
Watford North railway station
Watford North railway station is a National Rail station which serves the North Watford area in Hertfordshire, England in the United Kingdom. It is the first station on the Abbey Line,  a single-track branch line which runs from Watford Junction to St Albans Abbey and is located approximately 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) north east of Watford Junction. It is adjacent to a level crossing where the Abbey Line crosses Bushey Mill Lane.

Watford North is one of three railway stations in the central Watford area and is operated as an unstaffed railway halt. The Abbey Line service is known locally as the "Abbey Flyer".

Watford Junction railway station
Watford Junction is a railway station serving the town of Watford in Hertfordshire, England. The station is on the West Coast Main Line (WCML), 17 miles 34 chains (28 km) from London Euston and the Abbey Line, a branch line to St Albans. It is also the northern terminus of the Lioness line of the London Overground, which operates via the Watford DC line into central London.

Journeys into London take between 16 and 52 minutes, depending on the service. Trains also run to Clapham Junction and East Croydon, via the West London line. The station is a major hub for local bus services and the connecting station for buses to Warner Bros. Studio Tour London – The Making of Harry Potter. The station is located north of a viaduct over the Colne Valley and immediately south of Watford Tunnel.
1941 West Bromwich by-election
The 1941 West Bromwich by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of West Bromwich in Staffordshire on 16 April 1941.  The seat had become vacant on the resignation of the Labour Member of Parliament Frederick Roberts, who had held the seat from 1918 to 1931 and again from the 1935 general election; he died later in 1941.

The Labour candidate, John Dugdale, was returned unopposed.  Most by-elections during World War II were unopposed, since the major parties had agreed not to contest by-elections when vacancies arose in seats held by the other parties; contests occurred only when independent candidates or minor parties chose to stand.

West Bromwich (UK Parliament constituency)
West Bromwich is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom by Sarah Coombes of the Labour Party since 2024.

The seat centres on West Bromwich, in the West Midlands. It was originally established in 1885 but was abolished in 1974. Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was re-established for the 2024 general election.
David Peace (glass engraver)
David Peace MBE FSA FGE (13 March 1915 – 15 February 2003) was a British glass engraver and town planner. Peace, along with William Wilson and Laurence Whistler are accredited as simultaneously reviving the craft of glass engraving during the 1930s. Several pieces of his work are situated in Westminster Abbey including an engraved glass screen at St George's Chapel.

Laurence Whistler
Sir Alan Charles Laurence Whistler CBE  (21 January 1912 – 19 December 2000) was a British glass engraver and poet. He was both the first President of the British Guild of Glass Engravers and the first recipient of the King's Gold Medal for Poetry.
Hun Neang
Hun Neang (Khmer: ហ៊ុន នាង, Chinese: 云良; 27 August 1924 – 12 July 2013) was a Cambodian Buddhist monk. He is the father of Senate President Hun Sen and the grandfather of Prime Minister Hun Manet. A devout Buddhist, various schools throughout the country are named in honour after him. Hun Neang's official, full title is "Neak Oknha Moha Pheakdey Saburisak Phoukea Thipadei", which was presented to him by King Norodom Sihamoni in 2011.

Norodom Sihamoni
Norodom Sihamoni (Khmer: នរោត្តម សីហមុនី, [nɔˈroːɗɑm səjˈhamoniː]; born 14 May 1953) is King of Cambodia.

A member of the House of Norodom, Sihamoni is the eldest son of King Norodom Sihanouk and Queen Norodom Monineath. He was educated in Czechoslovakia and gained recognition for his work as a cultural ambassador in Europe and as a classical ballet instructor during his princely years. Before his election as king, he served as Cambodia's ambassador to the United Nations and UNESCO.

He ascended to the throne on 14 October 2004, a week after the abdication of his father, Norodom Sihanouk. During his reign, Sihamoni has continued his cultural advocacy while supporting various philanthropic initiatives, balancing his role as a constitutional monarch amid Cambodia's political developments.
Fish Keitseng
Ntwaesele Thatayone "Fish" Keitseng OLS (21 January 1923– 28 March 2005) was a Motswana trade union activist and politician. Keitseng was one of the defendants of the 1956 Treason Trial in South Africa. Following his expulsion from South Africa, Keitseng organized a network of safe routes for thousands of African National Congress activists heading north. He was also a prominent leader of the opposition inside Botswana.

Order of Luthuli
The Order of Luthuli is a South African honour. It was instituted on 30 November 2003 and is awarded by the President of South Africa for contributions to the struggle for democracy, human rights, nation-building, justice, or peace and conflict resolution.

The order is named after former African National Congress leader Chief Albert Luthuli, who was South Africa's first Nobel Peace Prize winner.
Indian Railway Service of Signal Engineers
The Indian Railway Service of Signal Engineers (IRSSE) is a central engineering services group A cadre of the Indian railways. The officers of this service are responsible for managing the Signal and Telecommunications Engineering Organization of the Indian Railways.

Engineering Services Examination
The Engineering Services Examination (ESE) is a standardized test conducted annually by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) to recruit officers to various engineering services under the Government of India. Held in four categories—Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, and Electronics & Telecommunication, the exam has three stages comprising objective, subjective and personality tests. The Services are also informally known as Indian Engineering Services (IES).

Officers recruited through ESE are mandated to manage and conduct activities in diverse technical fields. Government infrastructure includes railways, roads, defence, manufacturing, inspection, supply, construction, public works, power, and telecommunications. Appointments are made by the President of India.
Phan Văn Tài Em
Phan Văn Tài Em (born April 23, 1982, in Châu Thành District, Long An) is a retired Vietnamese footballer who last played as a midfielder for Dong Tam Long An. He was a member of the Vietnam national football team. He was awarded as the Vietnamese Golden Ball in 2005.

Discovered by Henrique Calisto in 2002, he, since then, became a regular starter in the national team. He has played for the U-23 Vietnam in the 2005 Southeast Asian Games and 2007 Southeast Asian Games. In 2007, he was chosen to play for the national team in the 2007 Asian Cup.

In 2008, Tài Em, along with Nguyễn Minh Phương, captained Vietnam to win the 2008 AFF Suzuki Cup.

He spent most of his career in Gach Dong Ta Long An, but he had considered a move to Navibank Sai Gon

After the retirement of Nguyễn Minh Phương, Phan Văn Tài Em was handed the captain band of the Vietnam national football team by the new coach Falko Goetz.

In September 2016 Phan Văn Tài Em announced his retirement from football.

Nguyễn Minh Phương
Nguyễn Minh Phương (born 5 July 1980) is a Vietnamese former professional footballer who last played for SHB Đà Nẵng in the V-League. He was also the captain of the Vietnam national football team until the 2010 AFF Suzuki Cup. In 2007, he captained the Vietnamese team to the 2007 AFC Asian Cup, ending their run in the tournament in the quarter-finals.

An engine in central midfield for both club and country, Minh Phương is known for his technical passing, kick-off taking and shows versatility by often playing as a fullback, midfielder or even as a forward. In 2010, Phương became the most-capped Vietnamese footballer in the history of the national team with 73 caps, large beating Lê Huỳnh Đức, who has 66 caps. After the 2010 AFF Suzuki Cup, he retired from international football after spending 8 years in the national team.
Papendrecht
Papendrecht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpaːpə(n)drɛxt] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland, at the crossing of the River Beneden Merwede and the Noord River. The municipality had a population of 32,171 in 2021 and covers an area of 10.79 km2 (4.17 sq mi) of which 1.38 km2 (0.53 sq mi) is water.

Although Papendrecht is first mentioned in documents dating back to 1105, it remained a small settlement until the 1950s. In the 1960s its development accelerated and almost its entire area is now urbanized. It is, however, known for its 180-year-old linden tree by the river.

Noord (river)
The Noord ("North") is a short tidal river in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland.

The Noord starts at the city of Dordrecht where the Beneden Merwede river forks into the Oude Maas and the Noord. It joins the Lek at the city of Ridderkerk and Kinderdijk, and the combined stream is thereafter known as the Nieuwe Maas. The distance is about nine kilometres. The direction of its water flow depends on the tides.

The Noord River separates IJsselmonde island from the Alblasserwaard mainland to the east. There are two connections between them:

The bridge over the Noord (motor vehicles, cyclists)

Noord Tunnel (motor vehicles)
Texas Outstanding Service Medal
The Texas Outstanding Service Medal is the sixth highest military decoration that can be conferred to a service member of the Texas Military Forces. Subsequent decorations are denoted by a bronze or silver twig of four oak leaves with three acorns on the stem device.

Texas Military Forces
The Texas Military Forces (TXMF) are the principal instrument through which the Texas Military Department (TMD) executes security policy for Texas, which has the second-largest population and border in the United States.

The Texas Military Forces have a budget of $1.851 billion as of 2023. Current forces include the Texas Army National Guard, Texas Air National Guard, and Texas State Guard of the Texas Militia. Former forces include the Texian Militia, Texian Army, Texian Navy, Texas Army, Texas Navy, and Texas Marines. It also included the Texas Rangers from their inception until 1935.

The Texas Military Forces are administered by the Texas Military Department under command of the adjutant general of Texas, who is appointed by and subordinate to the governor of Texas, the commander-in-chief-in-Texas, and is also subordinate to the President of the United States, the commander-in-chief.