hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Windsor, Vermont
Windsor is a town in Windsor County, Vermont, United States. As the "Birthplace of Vermont", the town is where the Constitution of Vermont was adopted in 1777, thus marking the founding of the Vermont Republic, a sovereign state until 1791, when Vermont joined the United States. Over much of its history, Windsor was home to a variety of manufacturing enterprises. Its population was 3,559 at the 2020 census.

William M. Evarts
William Maxwell Evarts (February 6, 1818 – February 28, 1901) was an American lawyer and statesman from New York who served as U.S. Secretary of State, U.S. Attorney General and U.S. Senator from New York.  He was renowned for his skills as a litigator and was involved in three of the most important causes of American political jurisprudence in his day: the impeachment of a president, the Geneva arbitration and the contests before the electoral commission to settle the presidential election of 1876.

During the presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes, the reform-minded Evarts was an active member among the "Half-Breed" faction of the Republican Party, which emphasized support for civil service reform, bolstering opposition towards conservative "Stalwarts" who defended the spoils system and advocated on behalf of Southern blacks.
Acoustic wave equation
In physics, the acoustic wave equation is a second-order partial differential equation that governs the propagation of acoustic waves through a material medium resp. a standing wavefield.  The equation describes the evolution of acoustic pressure p or particle velocity u as a function of position x and time t. A simplified (scalar) form of the equation describes acoustic waves in only one spatial dimension, while a more general form describes waves in three dimensions.

For lossy media, more intricate models need to be applied in order to take into account frequency-dependent attenuation and phase speed. Such models include acoustic wave equations that incorporate fractional derivative terms, see also the acoustic attenuation article or the survey paper.

Acoustic wave
Acoustic waves are types of mechanical waves that propagate through matter—such as gas, liquid, and/or solids—by causing the particles of the medium to displace from their equilibrium positions. These waves carry energy and are characterized by properties like acoustic pressure, particle velocity, and acoustic intensity. The speed of an acoustic wave depends on the properties of the medium it travels through and on temperature; for example, it travels at approximately 343 meters per second in air, and 1480 meters per second in water. Acoustic waves encompass a broad range of phenomena, from audible sound to seismic waves and ultrasound, finding applications in diverse fields like acoustics, engineering, and medicine.
Arroyo Del Agua, New Mexico
Arroyo Del Agua, is a populated place in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, United States. It lies at an elevation of 6,834 feet / 2,083 meters along the north bank of the Rio Puerco, above its confluence with its tributary Salitral Creek.

Rio Arriba County, New Mexico
Rio Arriba County (Spanish: Condado de Río Arriba) is a county in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,363. Its county seat is Tierra Amarilla. Its northern border is the Colorado state line.

Rio Arriba County comprises the Española, New Mexico, micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Los Alamos combined statistical area.
Étienne-Éloi Labarre
Étienne-Éloi Labarre (1764–1833) was a French architect.

He produced the plans for the Colonne de la grande Armée at Wimille, erected in 1804 on the order of Napoléon I. From 1825 to 1827, he built Boulogne-sur-Mer's second-ever theatre, which was destroyed in a fire in 1854.

He was charged with completing the Palais Brongniart between 1813 and 1826, after the death of Alexandre Théodore Brongniart.

Column of the Grande Armée
The Column of the Grande Armée (French - Colonne de la grande Armée or Colonne Napoléone) is a 53 metre high Corinthian order triumphal column (modelled on Trajan's Column and other triumphal columns in Rome) on the Rue Napoleon in Wimille, near Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.
Dish, Texas
DISH is a town in Denton County, Texas, United States. The population of DISH was 437 at the 2020 United States Census. This community, established in June 2000, was originally named Clark. In November 2005, the community accepted an offer to rename itself "DISH" (all capital letters) as part of a commercial agreement with the satellite television company Dish Network.

Denton County, Texas
Denton County is located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 906,422, making it the seventh-most populous county in Texas. The county seat is Denton. The county, which was named for John B. Denton, was established in 1846. Denton County constitutes part of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. In 2007, it was one of the fastest-growing counties in the United States.
Hydromyini
Hydromyini is a very large, diverse tribe of muroid rodents in the subfamily Murinae. They are the dominant native rodents in Australasia and one of only two native rodent groups there, the other being the R. fuscipes group of the genus Rattus in the tribe Rattini. They are also found in parts of Southeast Asia.

Pencil-tailed tree mouse
Chiropodomys (or pencil-tailed tree mice) is a genus of Old World rats and mice native to Southeast Asia and northeast India. They are tree-dwelling, very small mice, mostly found in tropical rainforest. In total six extant species have been identified, but only one of these, Chiropodomys gliroides, is common and widely distributed, and has been extensively studied.
Pensions Commission
The Pensions Commission was a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom, reporting to the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, set up to keep under review the regime for UK private pensions and long-term savings.

The commission was announced in the Pensions Green Paper published in December 2002. It consisted of three Commissioners and a small secretariat. The chair was Adair Turner, the other members were John Hills and Jeannie Drake. The Commission has now reported and been wound up.

A more recent Pensions Commission was set up chaired by John Hutton.

John Hills (social scientist)
Sir John Robert Hills, CBE (29 July 1954 – 21 December 2020) was a British academic, latterly professor of Social Policy at the London School of Economics. He acted as director of the ESRC Research Centre for the Analysis of Social Exclusion from 1997. His work focused on inequality, and the role of social policy over the life course.
Biscuit Bear
Biscuit Bear (known in the United States as Ginger Bear) is a children's picture book written and illustrated by Mini Grey, published in 2004. It won the Nestlé Children's Book Prize Gold Award, as well as being shortlisted for the Blue Peter Book Awards and longlisted for the Kate Greenaway Medal.

Mini Grey
Mini Grey is a British illustrator and writer of children's books, especially picture books for young children. She won the annual Kate Greenaway Medal from the professional librarians, recognising the year's best-illustrated children's book published in the UK, for The Adventures of the Dish and the Spoon, published by Jonathan Cape in 2006.

WorldCat reports from participating libraries that her most widely held work is Traction Man is Here, about the household adventures of a boy's action figure; published in 2005 by Cape and in the US by Random House (Alfred A. Knopf).
Torodbe
The Torodbe; singular Torodo (also called Turudiyya, Banu Toro, Takrur, Toronkawa) were Muslim Toucouleur clerics and theocratic monarchs who preached and reigned in Futa Toro, a region located in the north of present-day Senegal, and other Fula communities in West Africa from at least the seventeenth to the early twentieth century. Drawn from all ethnicites and levels of society, the Torodbe aimed to 'purify' the Islam practiced in West Africa and establish Islamic states run with Islamic law.

Zawaya
The Zawaya are tribes in the southern Sahara who have traditionally followed a deeply religious way of life. They accepted a subordinate position to the warrior tribes, whether Arab or Berber, who had little interest in spreading Islam.  The Zawaya introduced Sufi brotherhoods to the black populations south of the Sahara.  The jihad movements of the Fula people in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries have their origins with the Zawaya.  Today the Zawaya are one of the two noble castes of Mauritania.
The Lost Honor of Kathryn Beck
The Lost Honor of Kathryn Beck is a 1984 television film directed by Simon Langton. The film, starring Marlo Thomas and Kris Kristofferson, is based on the 1974 novel The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum by Heinrich Böll, and has been released on VHS under the title Act of Passion.

Simon Langton (television director)
Simon Langton (born 5 November 1941 in Amersham, Buckinghamshire) is an English television director and producer. He is the son of David Langton, the actor who played Richard Bellamy in Upstairs, Downstairs.

After he had directed many TV drama series and serials during the 1970s, his version of the John le Carré novel Smiley's People (1982, adapted by John Hopkins) was nominated for both a BAFTA Award in the UK, and an Emmy Award in the US. He also received a BAFTA nomination for the series Mother Love (1989), starring Diana Rigg.

He is perhaps best known for directing the adaptation of Pride and Prejudice (1995) starring Jennifer Ehle and Colin Firth, for which he was again nominated for a BAFTA. He directed episodes of Rosemary and Thyme and Midsomer Murders.
Russian symbolism
Russian symbolism was an intellectual, literary and artistic movement predominant at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. It arose separately from West European symbolism, and emphasized defamiliarization and the mysticism of Sophiology.

Sophiology
Sophiology (Russian: Софиология; by detractors also called  Sophianism
(Софианство) or Sophism (Софизм))  is a controversial school of thought in the Russian Orthodox tradition of Eastern Orthodox Christianity that holds that Divine Wisdom (or Sophia—Greek: σοφία; literally translatable to "wisdom") is to be identified with God's essence, and that this Divine Wisdom is in some way expressed in the world as 'creaturely' wisdom. This notion has often been characterized as introducing a feminine "fourth hypostasis" into the Trinity.
Raymond, Ohio
Raymond is a census-designated place in eastern Liberty Township, Union County, Ohio, United States.  It has a post office with the ZIP code 43067.  It is located at the intersection of State Routes 347 and 739. The population was 280 at the 2020 census. Raymond is the unofficial administrative center of Liberty Township government; Raymond itself has no municipal framework or government of its own.

Ohio State Route 739
State Route 739 (SR 739) is a 35.50-mile (57.13 km) long north–south state highway in the central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio.  The route's southern terminus is at an interchange with U.S. Route 33 (US 33) nearly 5.25 miles (8.45 km) northeast of North Lewisburg at an interchange that doubles as the eastern terminus of SR 287.  The northern terminus of SR 739 is near downtown Marion, where it meets SR 4 and SR 423.
John Shea Jr.
John F. Shea Jr. (September 11, 1928 – May 10, 2013) was an American businessman, jurist, and politician.

Born in Manchester, Connecticut, Shea graduated from Providence College. He then received his law degree from University of Connecticut School of Law and practiced law in Manchester, Connecticut. He served in the Connecticut House of Representatives 1961-1962 as a Republican. In 1973, Shea was appointed Connecticut Superior Court judge serving until 1980 when he resigned to work for Aetna Life and Casualty.

Manchester, Connecticut
Manchester is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. As of the 2020 census, the town had a total population of 59,713. The urban center of the town is the Manchester census-designated place, with a population of 36,379 at the 2020 census. The town is named after Manchester, in England.
Creuse's 1st constituency
The 1st constituency of the Creuse (French: Première circonscription de la Creuse) was a French legislative constituency in the Creuse département. It was abolished in the 2010 redistricting of French legislative constituencies, its last deputy was Michel Vergnier. From the 2012 election onwards, the entire department was one constituency.

2010 redistricting of French legislative constituencies
The Constitutional Council of France approved the redistricting of electoral boundaries in February 2010 to reflect France's changing demographics. This was the twelfth redistricting to have taken place. The population ratio between the most populated and least populated constituencies was reduced from the 1986 redistricting results of 1:3.6 to 1:2. In effect, the number of seats increased in areas held by the centre-right coalition led by Union for a Popular Movement at the expense of the Socialist-led centre-left coalition. The 2010 redistricting process not only brought down the rule of two deputies per department to one, it also created eleven constituencies for French residents overseas.
Sunil Edirisinghe
Patikirige Sunil Jayapreethi Edirisinghe (Sinhala:සුනිල් එදිරිසිංහ; born 19 December 1949) is a Sri Lankan classical musician. Edirisinghe won the presidential award for playback singing in 1983 for "Maya Miringuva Pirunu Lo Thale" from Adhishtanaya. He was awarded the Swarna Sankha Award for playback singing in 1988 for "Thurulaka Hurathal" from Mangala Thagga and in 1990 for "Walakulak Gena Muwa Karamu" from Saharave Sihinaya. He has also won the Sarasaviya Award for playback singing in 1988 for "Thidasa Pure" from Sandakada Pahana and in 2002 for "Poronduwa" from Poronduwa.

Sathischandra Edirisinghe
Kalasuri Patikirige Sathischandra Edirisinghe (Sinhala: සතිස්චන්ද්‍ර එදිරිසිංහ; 11 February 1941 – 23 December 2025) was a Sri Lankan actor in film, stage drama and television. Edirisinghe was an actor and director whose professional career in Sri Lankan cinema, theatre, and television spanned more than six decades.
Kremlin Cup
The Kremlin Cup (Russian: Кубок Кремля, romanized: Kubok Kremlya) is a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts, which has been suspended indefinitely since 2022. It was part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the ATP Tour and was a Premier Tournament on the WTA Tour. It was held annually at the Olympic Stadium in Moscow, Russia from 1990 to 2018. In 2019, the Olympic Stadium underwent a reconstruction lasting two years. The 2019 edition of the tournament was held at the Ice Palace Krylatskoye. In 2021, the Kremlin Cup was played at the Irina Viner-Usmanova Gymnastics Palace and the Luzhniki Palace of Sports.

Until 2007, it was held on a carpet surface. It was then held on RuKortHard surface until 2015. Since 2016 the tournament has been held on TPSurface.

In light of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) suspended the tournament indefinitely.

Olympic Stadium (Moscow)
Olympic Stadium (Russian: Олимпийский стадион) (known locally as Olimpiyskiy) was an indoor arena located in Moscow, Russia. It was built for the 1980 Summer Olympics and, divided into two separated halls, hosted the basketball and boxing events. It was closed in March 2019, and was subsequently demolished in 2020 for the construction of a new complex.
Yeniseysk Airport
Yeniseysk Airport (Russian: Аэропорт Енисейск) (IATA: EIE, ICAO: UNII) is an airport in Russia located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest of Yeniseysk, close to the left bank of the Yenisey River. Although little used by passengers these days, the airport is highly photogenic for its quaintly decrepit timber terminal building and vast graveyard of small and mid-sized Soviet era planes, slowly rusting around its runways.

Yeniseysk
Yeniseysk (Russian: Енисейск, IPA: [jɪnʲɪˈsʲejsk]) is a town in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the Yenisei River. Population: 18,766 (2010 census); 20,394 (2002 census); 22,891 (1989 Soviet census); 20,000 (1970).
Beyond the Veil of Stars
Beyond the Veil of Stars is a science-fiction novel by Robert Reed, first published in 1994. It describes a world in which the sky undergoes a transformation that prevents people from seeing the stars, giving them instead a view of the other side of the world, as if the Earth had been turned inside out.  Accompanying this transformation are increased reports of UFO activity and the appearance of large circles of black glass at thousands of locations across the planet.  Once the panic dies down, people resume their normal lives.  Meanwhile, a shadowy government agency begins experiments using "quantum intrusions" to travel to other worlds.

Robert Reed (author)
Robert David Reed (born October 9, 1956 in Omaha, Nebraska) is a Hugo Award-winning American science fiction author.  He has a Bachelor of Science in Biology from the Nebraska Wesleyan University.  Reed is an "extraordinarily prolific" genre short-fiction writer with "Alone" being his 200th professional sale. His work regularly appears in Asimov's, Fantasy & Science Fiction, and Sci Fiction.  He has also published eleven novels.
As of 2010, Reed lived in Lincoln, Nebraska with his wife and daughter.
Battle of Alexandria (1801)
The Battle of Alexandria (also known as the Battle of Canope/Canopus) was fought on 21 March 1801, where the British army and naval forces repelled an assault by the French army as part of the French invasion of Egypt and Syria. Led by General Sir Ralph Abercromby, the British engaged a French force under Divisional-general Jacques-François Menou near the ruins of Nicopolis, on the narrow spit of land between the Mediterranean Sea and Abukir. The British routed Menou's army after several hours of fierce fighting, though Abercromby was mortally wounded. About half of the French casualties at Alexandria were caused by British naval force. John Hely-Hutchinson, who replaced Abercromby, led the British army to Alexandria and laid siege to the city, which surrendered in September.

Abu Qir
Abu Qir (Arabic: ابو قير, Abu Qīr, [æbuˈ] or [æbo ʔiːɾ], Coptic: ⲁⲡⲁⲕⲩⲣⲓ Apakyri), formerly also spelled Abukir or Aboukir, is a town on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt, near the ruins of ancient Canopus and 23 kilometers (14 mi) northeast of Alexandria by rail. It is located on Abu Qir Peninsula, with Abu Qir Bay to the east.
European Open (golf)
The European Open is a European Tour golf tournament. Founded in 1978, up to 1994 it was played at various courses in England, including Sunningdale and Walton Heath, except for the 1979 event, which was held at Turnberry in Scotland. Between 1995 and 2007 the tournament was held at the K Club in Straffan, Ireland, before moving again in 2008, this time to the Jack Nicklaus-designed Heritage course at the London Golf Club near Sevenoaks, Kent, England. After a five-year hiatus, the event returned to the European Tour schedule in 2015, now played in Germany.

Sunningdale Golf Club
51°23′17″N 0°37′52″W﻿ / ﻿51.388°N 0.631°W﻿ / 51.388; -0.631

Sunningdale Golf Club is a golf club in Sunningdale, Berkshire, England, located approximately 30 miles (50 km) west-southwest of London.

Sunningdale Golf Club was founded in 1900 and has two eighteen hole golf courses: the Old Course, designed by Willie Park Jr., and the New Course, designed by Harry Colt, which opened in 1923.

Sunningdale has hosted many prestigious events in golf, including the British Masters, Walker Cup, Women's British Open, and The Senior Open Championship. From 2004 to 2013, Europe's International Final Qualifying tournament for The Open Championship was held over both the Old and New courses at Sunningdale. It hosted the Seniors Amateur Championship in 2017.
Gwangju
Gwangju (Korean: 광주; Korean: [kwaŋ.dʑu] ⓘ), formerly romanized as Kwangju, is South Korea's sixth-largest metropolis. It is a designated metropolitan city under the direct control of the central government's Home Minister. The city was also the capital of South Jeolla Province until its promotion to a metropolitan city in 2005, upon which the provincial office moved to the southern village of Namak in Muan County.

Its name is composed of the words gwang (Korean: 광; Hanja: 光) meaning "light" and ju (주; 州) meaning "province". Gwangju was historically recorded as Muju (무주; 武州), in which "Silla merged all of the land to establish the provinces of Gwangju, Ungju, Jeonju, Muju and various counties, plus the southern boundary of Goguryeo and the ancient territories of Silla" in the Samguk sagi. In the heart of the agricultural Jeolla region, the city is also famous for its rich and diverse cuisine.

Muan County
Muan County (Korean: 무안군; RR: Muan-gun) is a county in South Jeolla Province, South Korea. In 2005, Muan County became the capital of South Jeolla following the transfer of the provincial office from its previous location in Gwangju to the village of Namak in Muan. Muan International Airport was opened here and will eventually replace the airport in Gwangju (it already replaced Mokpo Airport).
Kampong Labu Estate
Labu Estate (Malay: Kampung Labu Estate), known fully as Kampong Labu Estate, is a village in Temburong District, Brunei, about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) from the district town Bangar. The population was 125 in 2021. It is one of the villages within Mukim Labu. The postcode is PB1151.

Temburong District
Temburong District (Malay: Daerah Temburong; Jawi: دائيره تمبوروڠ) or simply known as Temburong (TUHM-boo-rong; Malay: [tǝmburoŋ] ⓘ), is the second largest and least populated district in Brunei. It has an area of 1,306 square kilometres (504 sq mi) and the population of 9,444 as of 2021. The district is also home to its administrative centre, Bangar Town (Pekan Bangar), as well as the Temburong River and Ulu Temburong National Park, the country's third longest river and a national park in Brunei respectively.
Fernando Albán
Fernando Alberto Albán Salazar (Latin American Spanish: [feɾˈnando alˈβeɾto alˈβan salaˈsaɾ], 1 October 1962 – 8 October 2018) was a Venezuelan–Colombian activist, lawyer, politician, and prominent figure within the Justice First opposition party. Albán served as a councilman of the Libertador Municipality of Caracas from 2012 until his death in office in 2018.

He died while he was detained in the headquarters of the Bolivarian Intelligence Service (SEBIN) in Plaza Venezuela, Caracas. Government officials initially reported his death as a suicide, but his friends, family, opposition political parties and Luis Almagro, Secretary General of the Organization of American States, argued that the councilor's death was murder.

In May 2021 Maduro's Attorney General, Tarek William Saab, admitted that Albán did not commit suicide as initially reported, but was killed by two SEBIN officers guarding him.

2018 Caracas drone attack
On 4 August 2018, two drones detonated explosives near Avenida Bolívar, Caracas, where Nicolás Maduro, the president of Venezuela, was addressing the Bolivarian National Guard in front of the Centro Simón Bolívar Towers and Palacio de Justicia de Caracas. The Venezuelan government claims the event was a targeted attempt to assassinate Maduro, though the cause and intention of the explosions is debated. Others have suggested the incident was a false flag operation designed by the government to justify repression of opposition in Venezuela.