hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Odette Rousseau
Odette Rousseau ([ɔ.dɛt ʁu.so]; 1927 – 7 December 2012) was a French parachutist. She qualified at the age of 23 and became French national champion in 1953 and a world champion in 1954.  Rousseau made a world record jump on 25 August 1955 from a height of 8,721 metres (28,612 ft; 5.419 mi).  She later attended many Fédération Aéronautique Internationale committees and was appointed an officer of the Legion of Honour.

Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
The World Air Sports Federation (French: Fédération aéronautique internationale; FAI) is the world governing body for air sports, and also stewards definitions regarding human spaceflight.  It was founded on 14 October 1905, and is headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. It maintains world records for aeronautical activities, including ballooning, aeromodeling, and unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), as well as flights into space.
B 97-class destroyer
The B 97 class was a class of eight destroyers built for and operated by the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine) during the First World War. They served throughout the war, with one being lost in 1915, five being scuttled at Scapa Flow in 1919 and one being transferred to Italy, where it remained in use until 1939.

Scuttling of the German fleet at Scapa Flow
On 21 June 1919, shortly after the end of the First World War, the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet  was scuttled by its sailors while held off the harbour of the British Royal Navy base at Scapa Flow, in the Orkney Islands of Scotland. The fleet was interned there under the terms of the Armistice of 11 November 1918 while negotiations took place over its fate. Fearing that either the British would seize the ships unilaterally or the German government at the time might reject the Treaty of Versailles and resume the war effort (in which case the ships could be used against Germany), Admiral Ludwig von Reuter decided to scuttle the fleet.

Intervening British guard ships were able to beach some of the ships, but 52 of the 74 interned vessels sank. Many of the wrecks were salvaged over the next two decades and were towed away for scrapping. Those that remain are popular diving sites and a source of low-background steel.
Room Hire v Jeppe Street Mansions
Room Hire Co (Pty) Ltd v Jeppe Street Mansions (Pty) Ltd is an important case in South African law: the leading case, indeed, on disputes of fact. It was heard in the Transvaal Provincial Division on April 28 and 29, 1949, with judgement on July 15. Murray AJP, Ramsbottom J and Blackwell J presided. A. Shacksonvis KC (with him A. Mendelow) appeared for the appellant, and A. Suzman KC (with him MJ Hart) for the respondent. The appellant's attorneys were Schwartz & Goldblatt; the respondent's were Podlashuc, Meintjes, Liebson & Klagsbrun.

The case was an appeal from a decision in the Witwatersrand Local Division by Neser J. Its significance lies in the area of civil procedure, with its determination that the court in application proceedings, where a material fact arises which cannot be resolved by viva voce evidence, may either direct the parties to trial or dismiss the application with costs.

Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa
The Gauteng Division of the High Court of South Africa is a superior court of law which has general jurisdiction over the South African province of Gauteng and the eastern part of North West province. The main seat of the division is at Pretoria, while a local seat at Johannesburg has concurrent jurisdiction over the southern parts of Gauteng.

Audrey Ledwaba has been the Acting Judge President of the division since appointment of Dunstan Mlambo as Deputy Chief Justice of South Africa.
Great Martyrdom of Edo
The Great Martyrdom of Edo was the execution of 50 foreign and domestic Catholics (kirishitans), who were burned alive for their Christianity in Edo (modern-day Tokyo), Japan, on 4 December 1623.

The mass execution was part of the persecution of Christians in Japan by Tokugawa Iemitsu, the third shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate.

Among the executed was Jerome de Angelis (1567–1623), an Italian Jesuit missionary to Japan.

Death by burning
Death by burning, also called immolation, is an execution, murder, or suicide method involving combustion or exposure to extreme heat. It has a long history as a form of public capital punishment, and many societies have employed it as a punishment for and warning against crimes such as treason, heresy, and witchcraft. The best-known execution of this type is burning at the stake, where the condemned is bound to a large wooden stake and a fire lit beneath. A holocaust is a religious animal sacrifice that is completely consumed by fire, also known as a burnt offering. The word derives from the ancient Greek holokaustos, the form of sacrifice in which the victim was reduced to ash, as distinguished from an animal sacrifice that resulted in a communal meal.

There are documented executions by burning as early as the 18th century BC and as recently as 2016.
Community Bank (Oregon)
Community Bank was a commercial bank that served customers in Oregon and Washington. The bank was headquartered in Joseph, Oregon, and was the subsidy of Community Bancshares.

In 2025, Washington-based credit union Spokane Teachers Credit Union (STCU) acquired Community Bank and rebranded the branches as STCU.

Joseph, Oregon
Joseph is a city in Wallowa County, Oregon, United States. Originally named Silver Lake and Lake City, the city formally named itself in 1880 for Chief Joseph (1840–1904) of the Nez Perce people. As of the 2020 census, Joseph had a population of 1,154.
Udolpho Township, Mower County, Minnesota
Udolpho Township is a township in Mower County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 458 at the 2000 census.  There are no recognized cities or towns and the whole township is an unincorporated area.  Blooming Prairie is only about a quarter of a mile away in Steele County to the north.  The township's name is taken from a gothic novel titled The Mysteries of Udolpho by the English  author Ann Radcliffe.

Lansing Township, Mower County, Minnesota
Lansing Township is a township in Mower County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,292 at the 2000 census. The largest city contained partially within the township is Austin with 23,314 people. The southern part of Austin is in Austin Township. Lansing Township also contains the town of Mapleview (population 189) and the unincorporated areas of Ramsey, Corning, and Lansing.
Java concurrency
The Java programming language and the Java virtual machine (JVM) are designed to support concurrent programming.  All execution takes place in the context of threads. Objects and resources can be accessed by many separate threads. Each thread has its own path of execution, but can potentially access any object in the program. The programmer must ensure read and write access to objects is properly coordinated (or "synchronized") between threads. Thread synchronization ensures that objects are modified by only one thread at a time and prevents threads from accessing partially updated objects during modification by another thread. The Java language has built-in constructs to support this coordination.

Java virtual machine
A Java virtual machine (JVM) is a virtual machine that enables a computer to run Java programs as well as programs written in other languages, other languages referred to as JVM languages that are also compiled to Java bytecode. The JVM is detailed by a specification that formally describes what is required in a JVM implementation. Having a specification ensures interoperability of Java programs across different implementations so that program authors using the Java Development Kit (JDK) need not worry about idiosyncrasies of the underlying hardware platform.

The JVM reference implementation is developed by the OpenJDK project as open source code and includes a JIT compiler called HotSpot. The commercially supported Java releases available from Oracle are based on the OpenJDK runtime. Eclipse OpenJ9 is another open source JVM for OpenJDK.
Chihiro Hashimoto
Chihiro Hashimoto (橋本 千紘, Hashimoto Chihiro; born July 1, 1992) is a Japanese professional wrestler currently signed to Sendai Girls' Pro Wrestling, where she is the current Sendai Girls World Champion in her sixth reign. Hashimoto was trained in the Sendai Girls' dojo under Meiko Satomura, and made her debut in October 2015. Since her debut, Hashimoto has gone on to hold the Sendai Girls World Championship five times, and was named the 2016 Rookie of the Year by Tokyo Sports, making her only the second female to win the award.

Sendai Girls' Pro Wrestling
Sendai Girls' Pro Wrestling (センダイガールズプロレスリング, Sendai Gāruzu Puroresuringu), often called Senjo (仙女, Senjo), is a Japanese women's professional wrestling promotion. It is based in the city of Sendai, Miyagi in the Tohoku region.
Matrices of concepts
The matrices of concepts are a conceptual tool put forth by philosopher Paul Franceschi, that aim at providing an alternative to the semiotic square described by Algirdas Greimas. To the difference of the semiotic square, a matrix of concepts is made up of 6 concepts, from which two are neutral, two are positive and two are negative. The relationships between the 6 concepts of the same matrix can be stated as follows:

A0 and Ā0 are dual or inverse; A+ and Ā− are contraries; A− and Ā+ are contraries

A+ and Ā+ are complementary, in the same way as A− and Ā-

A+ and A− are corollary, in the same way as  Ā+ and Ā−

A0 and A+ are related, in the same way as A0 and A−, Ā0 and Ā+, Ā0 and Ā−

The applications of the matrices of concepts relate to paradigmatic analysis, but also to the dialectical plan, and more generally to the study of concepts.

Semiotic square
The semiotic square, also known as the Greimas square, is a tool used in structural analysis of the relationships between semiotic signs through the opposition of concepts, such as feminine-masculine or beautiful-ugly, and of extending the relevant ontology.

The semiotic square, derived from Aristotle's logical square of opposition, was developed by Algirdas J. Greimas, a Lithuanian-French linguist and semiotician, who considered the semiotic square to be the elementary structure of meaning.

Greimas first presented the square in Semantique Structurale (1966), a book which was later published as Structural Semantics: An Attempt at a Method (1983).  He further developed the semiotic square with Francois Rastier in "The Interaction of Semiotic Constraints" (1968).
Day of Honor (Neo-Nazi rally)
The Day of Honor (in Hungarian: Becsület napja) is a neo-Nazi gathering held annually in Budapest around February 11, honoring the German soldiers of the Waffen-SS and the Hungarian troops who attempted to break the Soviet siege of Buda Castle during the Siege of Budapest in 1945. It has become the second largest neo-Nazi gathering in Europe.

Introduced in 1997 by the Hungarian National Front, then taken over by Blood & Honour in 2003, it attracts thousands of participants, including many Hungarian and foreign far-right groups.

Despite several attempts by the authorities to ban it, the rally receives favorable media coverage in government-controlled media and has received public subsidies. In 2023, there was a crackdown on anti-fascist counter-protesters, notably through European arrest warrants.

Hungarian National Front
The Hungarian National Front (Hungarian: Magyar Nemzeti Arcvonal; MNA) was a far-right Hungarist paramilitary movement, founded in 1989 by István Győrkös as Hungarian National Socialist Action Group (Hungarian: Magyar Nemzetiszocialista Akciócsoport; also abbreviated MNA). The organization adopted its current name on 29 November 1992, after a court ruled to ban National Socialist name and symbols.
325th Air Division
The 325th Air Division is an inactive United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with Fourth Air Force at Hamilton Air Force Base, California, where it was inactivated on 27 June 1949.

The unit was first organized as the 325th Photographic Wing during World War II in England, where it took over the assets of a provisional wing that had been organized earlier in the year.  The wing managed the photographic reconnaissance units of Eighth Air Force until the end of the war.

It was reactivated as the 325th Reconnaissance Wing in 1947 and was assigned three subordinate groups in the western United States.  It became the 325th Air Division in 1948, but was inactivated in a general reorganization of reserve units in 1949.

Hamilton Field (Hamilton AFB)
Hamilton Field (Hamilton AFB) was a United States Air Force base, which was inactivated in 1973, decommissioned in 1974, and put into a caretaker status with the Air Force Reserve until 1976. It was transferred to the United States Army in 1983 and was designated an Army Airfield until its BRAC closure in 1988. It is located along the western shore of San Pablo Bay in the southern portion of Novato, in Marin County, California.
Emir Preldžić
Emir Preldžić (born 6 September 1987) is a Bosnian-Turkish professional basketball player for KK Orlovik Žepče of the Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He also represented the Turkish national basketball team. He is 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) tall and he mainly plays the small forward position, but he also has the ability to play as a power forward, shooting guard and point guard.

Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Basketball Championship of Bosnia and Herzegovina is the top–tier men's professional basketball league in Bosnia and Herzegovina for men and women, respectively. The league is operated by the Basketball Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Greg Fergus
Gregory Christophe Fergus PC MP (born May 31, 1969) is a Canadian politician who served as the 39th speaker of the House of Commons from October 3, 2023 to May 26, 2025. He is the member of Parliament (MP) for Hull—Aylmer.

A member of the Liberal Party, Fergus was first elected in the 2015 federal election and has held a number of portfolios as a parliamentary secretary. Before his election to Parliament, Fergus worked as a political staffer.

Speaker of the House of Commons (Canada)
The speaker of the House of Commons (French: président de la Chambre des communes) is the presiding officer of the lower house of the Parliament of Canada. A member of Parliament (MP), a speaker is elected at the beginning of each new parliament by fellow MPs. The speaker's role in presiding over the House of Commons of Canada is similar to that of speakers elsewhere in other countries that use the Westminster system.

The 40th speaker of the House of Commons is Francis Scarpaleggia, who assumed the role on May 26, 2025. The speaker with the longest tenure is Peter Milliken who was elected for four consecutive terms lasting 10 years, 124 days.
Wildlife crossing
Wildlife crossings are structures that allow animals to cross human-made barriers safely. Wildlife crossings may include underpass tunnels or wildlife tunnels, viaducts, and overpasses or green bridges (mainly for large or herd-type animals); amphibian and reptile tunnels; fish ladders; canopy bridges (especially for monkeys and squirrels); tunnels and culverts (for small mammals such as otters, hedgehogs, and badgers); and green roofs (for butterflies and birds).

Wildlife crossings are a practice in habitat conservation, allowing connections or reconnections between habitats, combating habitat fragmentation. They also assist in avoiding collisions between vehicles and animals, which in addition to killing or injuring wildlife may cause injury or death to humans and property damage.

Similar structures can be used for domesticated animals, such as cattle creeps.

Habitat fragmentation
Habitat fragmentation describes the emergence of discontinuities (fragmentation) in an organism's preferred environment (habitat), causing population fragmentation and  ecosystem decay. Causes of habitat fragmentation include geological processes that slowly alter the layout of the physical environment (suspected of being one of the major causes of speciation), and human activity such as land conversion, which can alter the environment much faster and causes the population fluctuation of many species. More specifically, habitat fragmentation is a process by which large and contiguous habitats get divided into smaller, isolated patches of habitats.
Son Armado
Son Armado is a Mexican-American cultural organization dedicated to the proliferation of the Son Jarocho Fandango, an education-based art form that revolves around celebrations and community gatherings known as Fandangos. Son Armado is based in Austin, Texas.

Fandango
Fandango is a lively partner dance originating in Portugal  and Spain, usually in triple meter, traditionally accompanied by guitars, castanets, tambourine or hand-clapping. Fandango can both be sung and danced. Sung fandango is usually bipartite: it has an instrumental introduction followed by "variaciones". Sung fandango usually follows the structure of "cante" that consist of four or five octosyllabic verses (coplas) or musical phrases (tercios). Occasionally, the first copla is repeated.

The meter of fandango is similar to that of the bolero and seguidilla. It was originally notated in 68 time, of slow tempo, mostly in the minor, with a trio in the major; sometimes, however, the whole was in a major key. Later it took the 3-4 tempo, and the characteristic Spanish rhythm.
Antonio Brancalion
Antonio Brancalion (born 5 February 1976) is an Italian former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2010. He held the European Union light-heavyweight title from 2007 to 2009, and challenged three times for the European light-heavyweight title. Dal 2022 è rinchiuso in carcere, prima a Rovigo, poi a Padova, per una lunga serie di reati commessi contro il patrimonio e contro le persone, usando violenza in particolare contro le donne, verso le quali commetteva atti persecutori violenti

European Boxing Union
The European Boxing Union (EBU), formerly known as the International Boxing Union (IBU), is a pan-European governing body that sanctions championship bouts in professional boxing. The EBU governs the EBU European Championship, in addition to their EBU EU Championship for competitors from within the European Union and the EBU EE Championship for those outside the European Union. It is a federation affiliated with the World Boxing Council (WBC).

During most of the 20th century and, particularly, during start of the century, the EBU recognized many world title fights as the IBU. It competed against the American-based National Boxing Association (NBA), which staged the more high profile world title fights.
Nnono
Nnono is a village in Oboro, Ikwuano Local Government Area, Abia State, Nigeria. Nnono has common boundaries with Amaoba, Umugbalu, Ndoro, Ahuwa, Olokoro and Ngwa. Nnono consists of two autonomous communities (Uha-la-Uda and Ọruigwe) and six sub-villages (Umuohu, Umuosoro, Nnono-Etiti, Umumba, Umuogwara and Oronta).

Ikwuano
Ikwuano listenⓘ is a Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in Isiala Oboro. The name 'Ikwuano' etymologically indicates that there are four different ancient kingdoms that make up the community called Ikwuano. These include Oboro, Ibere, Ariam/Usaka and Oloko.

The postal code of the area is 440. It is one of the five Local Government Areas that make up the Abia Central Senatorial District. As at 2024, the executive chairman is Dr. Anthony Nzeribe Nwaubani. Obi Aguocha currently serves as the Federal Representative representing Ikwuano/Umuahia North and South Federal Constituency at the House of Representatives. The member representing Ikwuano State Constituency at the Abia State House of Assembly is Engr. Boniface Isienyi.
Muirkirk, Lugar and Logan (ward)
Muirkirk, Lugar and Logan was one of 32 electoral wards of East Ayrshire Council. Originally created in 1974 as Lugar, Logan and Muirkirk before being renamed in 1999, the ward was initially within Cumnock and Doon Valley District Council before the local government reforms in the 1990s. The ward elected one councillor using the first-past-the-post voting electoral system.

The ward was a Labour stronghold as the party successfully held the seat from its creation in 1974 until 1988 and from 1992 until it was abolished.

In 2007, the ward was abolished and replaced by the multi-member Ballochmyle ward as council elections moved to a proportional voting system – the single transferable vote – following the implementation of the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004.

Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994
The Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994 (c. 39) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that created the current local government structure of 32 unitary authorities covering the whole of Scotland.

It abolished the two-tier structure of regions and districts created by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 which had previously covered Scotland except for the islands council areas.

The Act came into effect on 1 April 1996, beginning with the 1995 Scottish local elections.

The Act authorised the Secretary of State to cap councils' budgets, but this was not acted on for the first set of budgets in 1995-1996.
Bauke Mollema
Bauke Mollema (Dutch: [ˈbʌukə ˈmɔləmaː]; born 26 November 1986) is a Dutch professional cyclist, who rides for UCI WorldTeam Lidl–Trek. He has finished in the top 10 in all three Grand Tours, with stage wins in the 2021 Tour de France, 2017 Tour de France, and the 2013 Vuelta a España. His best result in the general classification in the Tour de France came in 2013 when he finished in 6th place. He won the Clásica de San Sebastián in 2016 and finished on the podium on three other occasions at the race. In 2019, he achieved the biggest win of his career in Il Lombardia.

Lidl–Trek (men's team)
Lidl–Trek (UCI team code: LTK) is a professional road bicycle racing team at UCI WorldTeam level licensed in Germany for 2026. Formerly RadioShack–Nissan, in 2014, Trek took over the ownership of the team and its ProTeam License.
Béla Bicsérdy
Béla Bicsérdy (Zenta, February 22, 1874 – Billings, Montana, December 7, 1951) was a Hungarian pioneer in health culture, lifestyle reformer, alternative medicine advocate, lecturer, author of many books, athlete, supporter of rawism, fasting and holistic therapies.

Raw foodism
Raw foodism, also known as rawism or a raw food diet, is the dietary practice of eating only or mostly food that is uncooked and unprocessed. Depending on the philosophy, or type of lifestyle and results desired, raw food diets may include a selection of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, eggs, fish, meat, and dairy products. The diet may also include simply processed foods, such as various types of sprouted seeds, cheese, and fermented foods such as yogurts, kefir, kombucha, or sauerkraut, but generally not foods that have been pasteurized, homogenized, or produced with the use of synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, solvents, and food additives.

The British Dietetic Association has described raw foodism as a fad diet. Raw food diets, specifically raw veganism, may diminish intake of essential minerals and nutrients, such as vitamin B12. Claims made by raw food proponents are pseudoscientific.: 44
Fatou Diouf
Fatou Diouf is a Senegalese jurist and politician, Minister of Fisheries and Maritime Economy of Senegal since 2024. She is also an expert and professor of maritime law at the Cheikh Anta Diop University.

Cabinet of Senegal
The Council of Ministers, also known as the Cabinet, is the cabinet of ministers of the Republic of Senegal and is part of the executive branch of the Government of Senegal. The cabinet serves as an advisory body to the President of Senegal, who serves as its chairman. Members of the cabinet are appointed by and report to the President on the advice of the Prime Minister of Senegal, who can dismiss them at will. The cabinet currently consists of 35 government ministries, each responsible for some aspect of providing government services.