hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
GEOStar
The GEOStar is a family of satellite buses designed and manufactured by Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems. The family initially focused on small geostationary communications satellites. The first iterations addressed the sub-5 kW commercial segment that was underserved following the retirement of the HS-376 satellite bus. It started with the STARBus on CTA Space Systems, which was later bought successively by Orbital Sciences, Orbital ATK, and most recently Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems.

Orbital ATK
Orbital ATK Inc. was an American aerospace manufacturer and defense industry company. It was formed in February 9, 2015 from the merger of Orbital Sciences Corporation and parts of Alliant Techsystems (ATK). Orbital ATK designed, built, and delivered rocket engines, military vehicles, firearms, autocannons, missiles, ammunition, precision-guided munitions, satellites, missile approach warning systems, launch vehicles and spacecraft. The company was acquired by Northrop Grumman on June 6, 2018. The former Orbital ATK operations were renamed Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems and operated as a division until January 1, 2020 when a reorganization merged the operations into the company's other divisions.
Quasi-abelian category
In mathematics, specifically in category theory, a quasi-abelian category is a pre-abelian category in which the pushout of a kernel along arbitrary morphisms is again a kernel and, dually, the pullback of a cokernel along arbitrary morphisms is again a cokernel.

A quasi-abelian category is an exact category.

Exact category
In mathematics, specifically in category theory, an exact category is a category equipped with short exact sequences.  The concept is due to Daniel Quillen and is designed to encapsulate the properties of short exact sequences in abelian categories without requiring that morphisms actually possess kernels and cokernels, which is necessary for the usual definition of such a sequence.
Andrew Crosbie
Andrew Crosbie of Holm FRSE FSAScot (1736–1785) was a Scottish lawyer and antiquarian, and a notable figure of the Scottish Enlightenment. He was a close friend and companion of James Boswell and with him co-wrote the legal song The Justiciary Opera, sung by generations of Scottish advocates.

James Boswell
James Boswell, 9th Laird of Auchinleck (/ˈbɒzwɛl, -wəl/; 29 October 1740 (N.S.) – 19 May 1795), was a Scottish biographer, diarist, and lawyer, born in Edinburgh. He is best known for his biography of the English writer Samuel Johnson, Life of Samuel Johnson, which is commonly said to be the greatest biography written in the English language. A great mass of Boswell's diaries, letters, and private papers were recovered from the 1920s to the 1950s, and their publication by Yale University has transformed his reputation.
Beslan Bartsits
Beslan Konstantinovich Bartsits (Russian: Беслан Константинович Барциц; born 23 July 1977) is a former Prime Minister of Abkhazia, having been appointed by President Raul Khajimba on 5 August 2016 with his term ending 25 April 2018. He previously served as head of the presidential administration, head of Gagra District and Member of Parliament.

Raul Khajimba
Raul Jumkovich Khajimba (Abkhaz: Рауль Џьумка-иԥа Ҳаџьымба, Georgian: რაულ ჯუმკას-ძე ჰაჯიმბა; born 21 March 1959) is an Abkhazian politician who served as President of Abkhazia from 25 September 2014 until 12 January 2020. He was also Chairman of the Forum for the National Unity of Abkhazia from 2010 to 2015. Khajimba previously held the offices of Vice President (2005–2009), Prime Minister (2003–2004) and Defence Minister (2002–2003). He unsuccessfully ran for president in 2004, 2009 and 2011. He resigned the presidency in 2020 due to protests against him.
Esophageal speech
Esophageal speech, also known as esophageal voice, is an airstream mechanism for speech that involves oscillation of the esophagus. This contrasts with traditional laryngeal speech, which involves oscillation of the vocal folds. In esophageal speech, pressurized air is injected into the upper esophagus and then released in a controlled manner to create the airstream necessary for speech. Esophageal speech is a learned skill that requires speech training and much practice. On average it takes 6 months to a year to learn this form of speech. Because of the high level of difficulty in learning esophageal speech, some patients are unable to master the skill.

The Voice Quality Symbol for esophageal speech is Œ.

Larynx
The larynx (pl.: larynges or larynxes), commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the top of the neck involved in respiration, producing sound and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. The opening of the larynx into the pharynx, known as the laryngeal inlet, is about 4–5 centimeters in diameter. The larynx houses the vocal cords, and manipulates pitch and volume, which is essential for phonation. It is situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the esophagus.
Cholangiocyte
Cholangiocytes are the epithelial cells of the bile duct. They are cuboidal epithelium in the small interlobular bile ducts, but become columnar and carbonate-secreting in larger bile ducts approaching the porta hepatis and the extrahepatic ducts. They contribute to hepatocyte survival by transporting bile acids.

Hepatocyte
A hepatocyte is a cell of the main parenchymal tissue of the liver. Hepatocytes make up 80% of the liver's mass.

These cells are involved in:

Protein synthesis

Protein storage

Transformation of carbohydrates

Synthesis of cholesterol, bile salts and phospholipids

Detoxification, modification, and excretion of exogenous and endogenous substances

Initiation of formation and secretion of bile
Hapoel HaDarom Tel Aviv F.C.
Hapoel HaDarom Tel Aviv (Hebrew: הפועל הדרום תל אביב) was an Israeli football club based in Tel Aviv. The club reached the final of the 1937 Palestine Cup, where they lost 0–3 to their parent club, Hapoel Tel Aviv. The club later reformed and played at the lower tiers of the Israeli league until it merged in 1961 with Hapoel Kiryat Shalom.

Hapoel Kiryat Shalom F.C.
Hapoel Kiryat Shalom F.C. (Hebrew: הפועל קרית שלום) is an Israeli football club based in the Kiryat Shalom neighborhood of Tel Aviv. The club is notable for being the first domestic interactive fan-managed sports society, as almost all playing-related decisions were taken through votes on the Web2Sport website.
Cruel Jaws
Cruel Jaws (also known as Jaws 5 and The Beast) is a 1995 English-language Italian horror film directed by Bruno Mattei (under the pseudonym ‘William Snyder’). The film utilizes unauthorized footage from the Jaws film series and the 1981 Italian knockoff The Last Shark, as well as the 1989 Italian knockoff Deep Blood, and was marketed in some regions as a sequel, though it has no official or narrative connections to the franchise.

The film was shot in Florida, including at the Theater of the Sea marine theme park in Islamorada. It was released direct-to-video on VHS and DVD in relative obscurity, mostly outside of the United States.

Deep Blood
Deep Blood, also known as Sharks and Sangue negli abissi (literally: "Blood in the Abyss"), is a 1989 Italian sharksploitation drama.

The credited director Raffaele Donato (as Raf Donato) only directed the first scene in which the boys gather to seal their blood pact, while the remainder of the film was directed and photographed by Joe D'Amato, who also co-produced the film through his company Filmirage in conjunction with Variety Film.
Gwrhyr Gwalstawd Ieithoedd
Gwrhyr Gwalstawd Ieithoedd; "Gwrhyr, Interpreter of Languages" is a hero and shapeshifter of early Welsh literature and mythology and a warrior of King Arthur's court at Celliwig. He appears most prominently in the early Arthurian tale Culhwch and Olwen, in which he is handpicked among Arthur's knights to accompany Culhwch on his quest to win Olwen.

Olwen
In Welsh mythology, Olwen (or Olwyn) is the daughter of the giant Ysbaddaden and cousin of Goreu. She is the heroine of the story Culhwch and Olwen in the Mabinogion. Her father is fated to die if she ever marries, so when Culhwch (sometimes spelled as Kilhwch) comes to court her, he is given a series of immensely difficult tasks which he must complete before he can win her hand. With the help of his cousin King Arthur, Culhwch succeeds and the giant dies, allowing Olwen to marry her suitor.
Calgary-Elbow
Calgary-Elbow is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, Canada. The seat is held by NDP MLA Samir Kayande, who won the seat in the 2023 provincial election

The riding was created in 1971 from the southeast part of Calgary-Glenmore and the southwest part of the old Calgary South riding.

It includes the following communities: Altadore, Bel-Aire, Britannia, Elbow Park, Elboya, Erlton, Garrison Woods, Glamorgan, Lincoln Park, Mount Royal, Marda Loop, Mayfair, Meadowlark Park, North Glenmore, Parkhill, Rideau Park, Roxboro, South Calgary, and Windsor Park.

The NDP won the seat for the first time at the 2023 Alberta general election.

Calgary-Glenmore
Calgary-Glenmore, styled Calgary Glenmore from 1957 to 1971, is a provincial electoral district in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The district is mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.

The electoral riding of Calgary Glenmore is one of two original Calgary ridings of the seven that still survives from the 1959 redistribution of the Calgary riding.
This riding covers the mid-southwest portion of Calgary and contains the neighbourhoods of Bayview, Braeside, Cedarbrae, Chinook Park, Eagle Ridge, Glenmore Park, Kelvin Grove, Lakeview, Palliser, Pump Hill, Oakridge, Woodbine, and Woodlands. The riding is named after the Glenmore Reservoir.
Bay View, Little Traverse and Mackinaw Railroad
The Bay View, Little Traverse and Mackinaw Railroad was a railroad company in the United States. It was incorporated in 1879 to construct a line from the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad north of Petoskey, Michigan, to Harbor Springs, Michigan, on Little Traverse Bay. The line opened in 1882. The company was sold to the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad and eventually became part of the Pennsylvania Railroad system. The line was abandoned in 1962. The former station in Harbor Springs has been preserved.

Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad
The Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad at its height provided passenger and freight railroad services between Cincinnati, Ohio, and the Straits of Mackinac in Michigan, USA. The company was formed on January 18, 1854.
Otto Buggisch
Otto Buggisch (28 June 1910 – 15 September 1991) was a German mathematician who, during World War II, was a cryptanalyst working in the cipher bureau, the Cipher Department of the High Command of the Wehrmacht (OKW/Chi) responsible for deciphering of the opposing forces Communications. He also dealt with the security control of own key procedures. Through research and revelations exposed by two Polish officers, late in the war, he recognized the true cryptographic weaknesses of the Enigma rotor cipher, key machine used by the German armed forces to encrypt their secret communications, in World War II.

Cipher Department of the High Command of the Wehrmacht
The Cipher Department of the High Command of the Wehrmacht (German: Amtsgruppe Wehrmachtnachrichtenverbindungen, Abteilung Chiffrierwesen) (also Oberkommando der Wehrmacht Chiffrierabteilung or Chiffrierabteilung of the High Command of the Wehrmacht or Chiffrierabteilung of the OKW or OKW/Chi or Chi) was the Signal Intelligence Agency of the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces of the German Armed Forces before and during World War II. OKW/Chi, within the formal order of battle hierarchy OKW/WFsT/Ag WNV/Chi, dealt with the cryptanalysis and deciphering of enemy and neutral states' message traffic and security control of its own key processes and machinery, such as the rotor cipher ENIGMA machine. It was the successor to the former Chi bureau (German: Chiffrierstelle) of the Reichswehr Ministry.
Skam France
Skam France (titled Skam Belgique in Belgium; often stylized as SKAM) is a French-Walloon teen drama television series broadcast by France.tv Slash that follows the lives of teenagers in Paris. It is a French adaptation of the popular Norwegian series SKAM.

Skam (TV series)
Skam (stylized as SKAM; Norwegian pronunciation: [skɑm]; English: Shame) is a Norwegian teen drama streaming television series about the daily life of teenagers at the Hartvig Nissen School, a gymnasium in the wealthy borough of Frogner in West End Oslo and Norway's oldest high school for girls. It was produced by NRK P3, which is part of the Norwegian public broadcaster NRK.

Despite no promotion ahead of its 2015 launch, Skam broke viewership records. Its premiere episode is among the most-watched episodes in NRK's history, and by the middle of season two, it was responsible for half of NRK's traffic. With season three, it broke all streaming records in Norway, along with viewership records in neighboring countries Denmark, Finland and Sweden, and attracted an active international fanbase on social media, where fans promoted translations.

The series ended with its fourth season in 2017, reportedly due to high production stress.
Comancheria
Comancheria (Comanche: Nʉmʉnʉʉ Sookobitʉ, 'Comanche land'; Spanish: Comanchería), also known as the Comanche Empire, was a large country covering modern New Mexico, West Texas, and nearby areas that was occupied by the Comanche before the 1860s. The historian Pekka Hämäläinen has argued that Comancheria formed an empire at its peak, and that view has been echoed by other historians.

Comanche language
Comanche (English: /kəˈmæntʃi/, endonym Nʉmʉ Tekwapʉ̲) is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Comanche, who split from the Shoshone soon after the Comanche had acquired horses around 1705. The Comanche language and the Shoshoni language are quite similar, but certain consonant changes in Comanche have inhibited mutual intelligibility.

The name Comanche comes from the Ute word kɨmantsi "enemy, stranger". Their own name for the language is nʉmʉ tekwapʉ, which means "language of the people".
Thyroid ima artery
The thyroid ima artery (thyroidea ima artery, arteria thyroidea ima, thyroid artery of Neubauer or the lowest thyroid artery) is an artery of the head and neck. It is an anatomical variant that, when present, supplies blood to the thyroid gland primarily, or the trachea, the parathyroid gland and the thymus gland (as thymica accessoria) in rare cases. It has also been reported to be a compensatory artery when one or both of the inferior thyroid arteries are absent, and in a few cases the only source of blood to the thyroid gland. Furthermore, it varies in origin, size, blood supply, and termination, and occurs in around 3.8% of the population and is 4.5 times more common in fetuses than in adults. Because of the variations and rarity, it may lead to surgical complications, particularly during tracheostomy and other airway managements.

Inferior thyroid artery
The inferior thyroid artery  is an artery in the neck. It arises from the thyrocervical trunk and passes upward, in front of the vertebral artery and longus colli muscle. It then turns medially behind the carotid sheath and its contents, and also behind the sympathetic trunk, the middle cervical ganglion resting upon the vessel.

Reaching the lower border of the thyroid gland it divides into two branches, which supply the postero-inferior parts of the gland, and anastomose with the superior thyroid artery, and with the corresponding artery of the opposite side.
LineageOS
LineageOS is an open source Android (AOSP)-based operating system for smartphones, tablets, and set-top boxes. It is community-developed and serves as the successor to CyanogenMod, from which it was forked in December 2016. As of 2025, there are about 4.5 million devices running LineageOS.

Fork (software development)
In software development, a fork is a codebase that is created by duplicating an existing codebase and, generally, is subsequently modified independently of the original. Software built from a fork initially has identical behavior as software built from the original code, but as the source code is increasingly modified, the resulting software tends to have increasingly different behavior compared to the original. A fork is a form of branching, but generally involves storing the forked files separately from the original – not in the repository. Reasons for forking a codebase include user preference, stagnated or discontinued development of the original software or a schism in the developer community. Forking proprietary software (such as Unix) is prohibited by copyright law without explicit permission, but free and open-source software, by definition, may be forked without permission.
Cardiff Australian Football Club
The Cardiff Australian Football Club, nicknamed the Hawks, is an Australian rules football club based in the City of Lake Macquarie suburb of Cameron Park, New South Wales, and currently plays in the AFL Hunter Central Coast competition.

AFL Hunter Central Coast
The AFL Hunter Central Coast is an Australian rules football competition in the Newcastle, Hunter Region and Central Coast regions of New South Wales.

The Black Diamond Australian Football league was formed in 2000 from the merger of the Newcastle Australian Football League (founded 1886) and the Central Coast Australian Football League (founded 1976) and ran until the end of the 2018 season. Following the end of the 2018 season, the league was disbanded and a new league under the AFL NSW/ACT banner was formed; AFL Hunter Central Coast (AFLHCC). Teams in the AFLHCC's top division still play for the Black Diamond Cup.

The competition is technically Hunter Central Coast's division of the New South Wales Australian Football League.
Sphenodraco
Sphenodraco (meaning "sphenodontian dragon") is an extinct genus of neosphenodontian reptiles known from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian age) Altmühltal Formation, part of the Solnhofen Archipelago in Germany. The genus contains a single species, Sphenodraco scandentis, known from a nearly complete skeleton preserved on a slab and counterslab. The elongated proportions of its limbs are similar to those of living arboreal lizards. As such, Sphenodraco may be the first known fully tree-dwelling rhynchocephalian.

Paleobiota of the Solnhofen Limestone
The Solnhofen Limestone or Solnhofen Plattenkalk is a collective term for multiple Late Jurassic lithographic limestones in southeastern Germany, which is famous for its well-preserved fossil flora and fauna dating to the late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian). The paleoenvironment is also often referred to as the Solnhofen Archipelago. The Solnhofen Archipelago was located at the northern edge of the Tethys Ocean as part of a shallow epicontinental sea and is firmly a part of the  Mediterranean realm.
Ouranopithecus
Ouranopithecus is a genus of extinct Eurasian great ape represented by two species, Ouranopithecus macedoniensis, a late Miocene (9.6–8.7 mya) hominoid from Greece and Ouranopithecus turkae, also from the late Miocene (8.7–7.4 mya) of Turkey.

The first specimen, O. macedoniensis was discovered by French palaeontologists Louis de Bonis and Jean Melentis in 1977, and O. turkae by Turkish team led by Erksin Savaş Güleç in 2007. For a long time it was considered as similar (synonymous) to Graecopithecus and member of the genus Sivapithecus, which is something today contested.

Sivapithecus
Sivapithecus (lit. 'Shiva's Ape') (syn: Ramapithecus) is a genus of extinct apes. Fossil remains of animals now assigned to this genus, dated from 12.2 million years old in the Miocene, have been found since the 19th century in the Sivalik Hills of the Indian subcontinent as well as in  Kutch. Any one of the species in this genus may have been the ancestor to the modern orangutans.

Some early discoveries were given the separate names Ramapithecus (Rama's Ape) and Bramapithecus (Brahma's Ape), and were thought to be possible ancestors of humans.
Sun-free photovoltaics
Sun-free photovoltaics is a photovoltaics technology which does not require sunlight to produce electricity. This technique was developed by research team at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Photovoltaic cells convert light to electricity most efficiently at specific wavelengths. The surface features of Sun-free photovoltaics is engineered such that it converts heat energy into the specific wavelengths. This increases the efficiency of existing thermophotovoltaic (TPV) systems.

Thermophotovoltaic energy conversion
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion is a direct conversion process from heat to electricity via photons. A basic thermophotovoltaic system consists of a hot object emitting thermal radiation and a photovoltaic cell similar to a solar cell but tuned to the spectrum being emitted from the hot object.

As TPV systems generally work at lower temperatures than solar cells, their efficiencies tend to be low. Offsetting this through the use of multi-junction cells based on non-silicon materials is common, but generally very expensive. This currently limits TPV to niche roles like spacecraft power and waste heat collection from larger systems like steam turbines.
Spearfish remora
The spearfish remora (Remora brachyptera) is a species of remora with a worldwide distribution in tropical and subtropical seas. Remoras attach themselves  to other fish with a sucker on the head and this fish is almost exclusively found living on billfishes or swordfishes, and sometimes on sharks.

Swordfish
The swordfish (Xiphias gladius), also known as the broadbill in some countries, are large, highly migratory predatory fish characterized by a long, flat, pointed bill. They are the sole member of the family Xiphiidae. They are a popular sport fish of the billfish category. Swordfish are elongated, round-bodied, and lose all teeth and scales by adulthood. These fish are found widely in tropical and temperate parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, and can typically be found from near the surface to a depth of 550 m (1,800 ft), and exceptionally up to depths of 2,234 m. They commonly reach 3 m (10 ft) in length, and the maximum reported is 4.55 m (14 ft 11 in) in length and 650 kg (1,430 lb) in weight.
Christian Schwarzer
Christian "Blacky" Schwarzer (born 23 October 1969) is a German handball coach and former player. As a member of the Germany national team, he won the world championship in 2007 and the silver medal at the 2004 Olympics.

He was awarded the Silbernes Lorbeerblatt for his win in the 2007 World Championship. He was included in the European Handball Federation Hall of Fame in 2023. He also holds the record for most goals on the German national team with 966 as well as the second most caps with 319.

Schwarzer also played beach handball, where he won the German Beach handball championship in 2003.

Germany men's national handball team
The Germany national handball team is the country's national men's handball team and represents Germany in international tournaments in men's handball and is one of the most successful handball teams in the world, having won three World Championships and two European Championship.
D46 motorway (Czech Republic)
D46 motorway (Czech: Dálnice D46), formerly Expressway R46 (Czech: Rychlostní silnice R46) is a motorway in south-eastern Czech Republic, which runs from Vyškov via Prostějov to Olomouc where it ends and connects to the national road network.

Currently, as the D1 highway is not finished yet, it carries all international traffic, but after completion of it, it will have only regional traffic in central Moravia. In the time-based toll system, the D46 motorway is tolled along its entire length, i.e. from the Vyškov-východ off-ramp (exit 1) to the end of the motorway after the Slavonín off-ramp (exit 37).

D1 motorway (Czech Republic)
The D1 motorway (Czech: Dálnice D1) is the main motorway of the Czech Republic. It routes from Prague to Brno and on to the Polish border. Completed in December 2025, its length is 376.5 km (233.9 mi). It is the busiest motorway in the Czech Republic, with a maximum AADT of 99,000 vehicles per day near Prague.