hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caw of Strathclyde
King Caw or Cawn (fl. 495–501 AD) was a semi-legendary king of Strathclyde in Scotland.

Very little hard fact is known of him. He flourished in the Hen Ogledd Period of Sub-Roman Britain and ruled from a castle at Alt Clut. Legend holds he fought King Arthur. He came to power in 495 AD by deposing King Tutagual, but only managed to remain in power for six years before being removed from power himself. This was a very turbulent time and coincided with the Anglo-Saxon invasion of England. Following this he fled to Wales.

Sub-Roman Britain
Sub-Roman Britain, also called post-Roman Britain or Dark Age Britain, is the period of late antiquity in Great Britain between the end of Roman rule and the founding of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. The term was originally used to describe archaeological remains found in 5th- and 6th-century AD sites that hinted at the decay of locally made wares from a previous higher standard under the Roman Empire. It is now used to describe the period that began with the recall of Roman troops from Britannia to Gaul by Constantine III in 407 and ended with the Battle of Deorham in 577. This period has attracted a great deal of academic and popular debate, in part because of the lack of written records from the time.
Patna Museum
Patna Museum is the state museum of the Indian state of Bihar. Founded on 3 April 1917 during the British Raj to house the historical artefacts found in the vicinity of Patna, it is constructed in the style of Mughal and Rajput architecture, and is known locally as the Jadu Ghar. Artefacts from the ancient India era to 1764 have now been transferred to Bihar Museum.

The Kashi Prasad Jayaswal Research Institute (KPJRI) which carries out research in the field of history and archaeology also operates out of Patna Museum and was established by the Bihar Government.

Government of Bihar
Bihar Government is the state government of the Indian state of Bihar and its nine divisions which consist of districts. It consists of an executive, led by the Governor of Bihar, a judiciary and legislative branches.

Like other states in India, the head of state of Bihar is the Governor, appointed by the President of India on the advice of the central government. The head of state is largely ceremonial. The Chief Minister is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive powers. Patna is the capital of Bihar hence, it serves as the headquarter for almost all the departments.

The Patna High Court, located in Patna, has jurisdiction over the whole state. The present legislative structure of Bihar is bicameral. The Legislative houses are the Bihar Vidhan Sabha (Bihar Legislative Assembly) and Bihar Vidhan Parishad (Bihar Legislative Council). Their normal term is five years, unless dissolved earlier.
Zhang Haitian
Zhang Haitian (simplified Chinese: 张海天; traditional Chinese: 張海天; pinyin: Zhāng Hǎitiān; 1888 – 1939), known as Lao Beifeng (simplified Chinese: 老北风; traditional Chinese: 老北風; pinyin: Lǎo Běifēng; lit. 'Old North Wind'; also Lao Pie-fang), was a guerrilla leader fighting in western Liaoning against Japanese occupation. He led several thousand followers to attack Japanese garrisons in the southern portion of the South Manchurian Railroad mainline in early 1932, during the pacification of Manchukuo.

The Japanese garrison of Newchwangchen was encircled and attacked while other troops under his orders attacked in the Haicheng area. Japanese reinforcements quickly dispatched from Mukden forced Zhang's retirement, but Zhang Haitian emerged as an Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army general and was acclaimed as commander by the local bands of the brotherhoods and citizen militias.

Japanese invasion of Manchuria
The Empire of Japan's Kwantung Army invaded the Manchuria region of China on 18 September 1931, immediately following the Mukden incident,  a false flag event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext to invade. At the war's end in February 1932, the Japanese established the puppet state of Manchukuo. The occupation lasted until mid-August 1945, towards the end of the Second World War, in the face of an onslaught by the Soviet Union and Mongolia during the Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation.

With the invasion having attracted great international attention, the League of Nations produced the Lytton Commission (headed by British politician Victor Bulwer-Lytton) to evaluate the situation, with the organization delivering its findings in October 1932. Its findings and recommendations that the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo not be recognized and the return of Manchuria to Chinese sovereignty prompted the Japanese government to withdraw from the League entirely.
Martin Wheelock
Martin Frederick Wheelock (June 5, 1874 – May 25, 1937) was an American college football player who achieved a national reputation while playing for the Carlisle Indian School from 1894 to 1902. Captain of the 1899 Carlisle Indians football team, Wheelock was selected as a first-team All-American by the New York Sun in 1899, a second-team All-American by Walter Camp in 1901, and to the All-University Team by the Philadelphia Inquirer in 1902. In later life, he worked as a blacksmith and farmer.

In 1913, coach Pop Warner named Wheelock to the All-Time American Indian Football Team. In 1980, he was inducted into the American Indian Athletic Hall of Fame.

Bemus Pierce
Bemus Pierce (February 27, 1875 – February 15, 1957) was an American football player and coach.  He played as a guard in the 1890s and 1900s.  Pierce played college football for the Carlisle Indian School teams from 1894 to 1898 and played professional football for the championship teams from the Homestead Library & Athletic Club of 1900 and 1901.  He also played for the All-Syracuse team in 1902, the first indoor professional football team.  Pierce served as the head football coach at the University of Buffalo in 1899, at the Carlisle Indian School in 1906, and at Kenyon College from 1908 to 1910.
Kosha
A kosha (also kosa; Sanskrit कोश, IAST: kośa), usually rendered "sheath", is a covering of the Atman, or Self according to Vedantic philosophy. The five sheaths, summarised with the term Panchakosha, are described in the Taittiriya Upanishad (2.1-5), and they are often visualised as the layers of an onion. From gross to fine they are:

Annamaya kosha, "food" sheath (Anna), the physical body;

Pranamaya kosha, "energy" sheath (Prana), the vital principle;

Manomaya kosha "mind" sheath (Manas), the mind and the five senses;

Vijñānamaya kosha, "discernment" or "Knowledge" sheath (Vigynana)

Anandamaya kosha, "bliss" sheath (Ananda)

Prana
In yoga, Ayurveda, and Indian martial arts, prana (प्राण, prāṇa; the Sanskrit word for breath, "life force", or "vital principle") permeates reality on all levels including inanimate objects. In Hindu literature, prāṇa is sometimes described as originating from the Sun and connecting the elements.

Five types of prāṇa, collectively known as the five vāyus ("winds"), are described in Hindu texts. Ayurveda, tantra and Tibetan medicine all describe prāṇa vāyu as the basic vāyu from which the other vāyus arise.

Prana is divided into ten main functions: The five Pranas – Prana, Apana, Udana, Vyana and Samana – and the five Upa-Pranas – Naga, Kurma, Devadatta, Krikala and Dhananjaya.

Pranayama, one of the eight limbs of yoga, is intended to expand conscious awareness of prana.
Kuranda Fig Tree Avenue
Kuranda Fig Tree Avenue is a heritage-listed avenue of trees at Coondoo Street, Kuranda, Shire of Mareeba, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1931. It is also known as Avenue of Ficus Microcarpa and Ficus Obliqua trees. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 27 July 2018.

Cairns-to-Kuranda railway line
The Cairns-to-Kuranda Railway is a heritage-listed railway line from the Cairns Region to the Shire of Mareeba, both in Queensland, Australia. It commences at Redlynch, a suburb of Cairns and travels up the Great Dividing Range to Kuranda within the Shire of Mareeba on the Atherton Tableland. It was built from 1913 to 1915 by Queensland Railways. Components of it include Stoney Creek Bridge, the Rail Bridge over Christmas Creek, Kuranda railway station, and Surprise Creek Rail Bridge. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 August 1992. The railway is used to operate a tourist rail service, the Kuranda Scenic Railway. It forms part of the Tablelands railway line.
Ľudmila Maťavková
Ľudmila Maťavková (born 11 April 1998) is a Slovak footballer who plays as midfielder for SKN St. Polten in the ÖFB Frauen-Bundesliga
She played before in the Czech Women's First League for the 1. FC Slovácko and in the Slovak Women's First League for the Slovan Bratislava. She started her professional career in Belgium for team RSC Charleroi and she moved within Belgium to Club YLA and RSC Anderlecht. She is also taking important part in the Slovakia women's national team.

Czech Women's First League
The Czech Women's First League (Czech: I. liga žen), known as the FORTUNA=LIGA for sponsorship reasons, is the top level women's football league of the Czech Republic. The league is dominated by teams of Prague. Slavia Prague won the last championships, Sparta Prague was runner-up. The winning team and runners-up of the league qualifies for the UEFA Women's Champions League.
The New School of Northern Virginia
The New School of Northern Virginia (also referred to simply as "The New School") is an independent, private school serving grades 6-12 located in Fairfax, Virginia. Their goal is for their students to independently own their education. The New School is small by design, with 120 students and 26 teachers and staff, all of whom are on a first-name basis.

Fairfax, Virginia
Fairfax (/ˈfɛərfæks/ FAIR-faks) is an independent city in Virginia and the county seat of Fairfax County, Virginia,  United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,146.

Fairfax is part of both the Washington metropolitan area and Northern Virginia regions. It is located 14 miles (23 km) west of Washington, D.C. Fairfax is served by  Washington Metro's Orange Line.

George Mason University, located in unincorporated Fairfax County along Fairfax's southern border, is the largest public university in Virginia with 40,185 students as of 2023.
Toni Rose
Toni Rose (born December 22, 1945) is an American retired professional wrestler. During her wrestling career, Rose captured the NWA World Women's Tag Team Championship on five occasions; three times with Donna Christanello, and twice with her trainer, The Fabulous Moolah. Rose is also a former one-time NWA Southern Women's Championship (Georgia version).

NWA World Women's Tag Team Championship
The NWA World Women's Tag Team Championship is a women's professional wrestling tag team championship defended in member promotions of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). Ella Waldek and Mae Young are the inaugural champions. The current champions are The Hex (Allysin Kay and Marti Belle), who are in their second reign as a team and individually. They won the titles by defeating TVMA (Tiffany Nieves and Valentina) on December 13, 2025 at the NWA Powerrr tapings (aired February 10, 2026) in St. Louis, Missouri.
2018 Kentucky Senate Bill 151
Senate Bill 151, also known as SB 151, is a pension bill passed on March 29, 2018, by the Kentucky Senate and the Kentucky House of Representatives. The bill includes increases for cost of living, ends the inviolable contract for new teachers hired after January 1, 2019, and requires employees hired between 2003 and 2008 to pay an additional 1 percent of their pay for health care benefits in retirement. The bill received considerable criticism, especially from teachers. On December 13, 2018, the Kentucky Supreme Court ruled that the bill was unconstitutional, preventing it from going into effect on January 1, 2019.

Kentucky Senate
The Kentucky Senate is the upper house of the Kentucky General Assembly.  The Kentucky Senate is composed of 38 members elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth.  The Kentucky Senate meets at the Kentucky State Capitol in Frankfort annually beginning in January. Sessions last for 60 legislative days in even-numbered years and 30 legislative days in odd-numbered years.

The Republican Party has had control of the Senate since 1999, currently holding 32 seats, with the Democratic Party holding 5, and 1 seat being vacant. Senators serve four-year terms with no term limits; half (19) of the senators are up for election every second year, coinciding with federal House of Representatives and Senate elections.
Relapse Records
Relapse Records is an American independent record label based in Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania. It was founded by Matthew F. Jacobson in 1990. The label features many grindcore, death metal, metalcore and sludge metal artists.

Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania
Upper Darby Township, often shortened to Upper Darby, is a home rule township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the township had a total population of 85,681, making it the state's sixth-most populated municipality after Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, Reading, and Erie. Upper Darby borders Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-most populous city, and constitutes part of the Delaware Valley, also known as the Philadelphia metropolitan area, the nation's seventh-largest metropolitan area.

Upper Darby is home to the Tower Theater, a historic music venue on 69th Street built in the 1920s, and to several Underground Railroad sites. In August 2019, the radio tower on top of the theater was removed due to structural concerns.
Fresno chile
The Fresno chile or Fresno chili pepper (/ˈfrɛznoʊ/ FREZ-noh) is a medium-sized cultivar of Capsicum annuum. It should not be confused with the Fresno Bell pepper. It is often confused with the jalapeño pepper but has thinner walls, often has milder heat, and takes less time to mature. It is, however, a Fresno County chile, which is genetically distinct from the jalapeño and it grows point up, rather than point down as with the jalapeño. The fruit starts out bright green changing to orange and red as fully matured. A mature Fresno pepper will be conical in shape, 50 mm (2 in) long, and about 25 mm (1 in) in diameter at the stem. The plants do well in warm to hot temperatures and dry climates with long sunny summer days and cool nights. They are very cold-sensitive but are disease resistant. The plants may reach a height of 60–75 cm (24–30 in).

Serrano pepper
The serrano pepper (Capsicum annuum) is a type of chili pepper that originated in the mountainous regions of the Mexican states of Puebla and Hidalgo. The Scoville rating of the serrano pepper is 10,000 to 25,000. The name of the pepper is a reference to the mountains (sierras) of these regions. The pepper is commonly used to make hot sauces.
Teresa Giudice
Teresa Giudice (/ˈdʒuːdɪtʃeɪ/ JOO-ditch-ay, Italian: [teˈrɛːza ˈdʒuːditʃe]; née Gorga; born May 18, 1972) is an American television personality best known for being on The Real Housewives of New Jersey. Besides appearing on the show, Giudice wrote multiple New York Times bestseller cookbooks and was featured on Donald Trump's The Celebrity Apprentice 5 (2012).

In December 2015, she was released from prison after serving 11 months of a 15-month sentence for fraud, while her husband and four daughters resided in the Towaco section of Montville, New Jersey. She is known for her extravagant lifestyle and highly publicized financial and legal troubles leading up to her felony conviction and prison sentence. Her ex-husband, born Giuseppe but called Joe, began his 41-month sentence in March 2016.

The Apprentice (American TV series) season 12
The Celebrity Apprentice 5 (also known as The Apprentice 12) is the fifth installment of the reality game show The Celebrity Apprentice. On May 15, 2011, NBC announced that the show would be returning for a fifth season in 2012. The following day, at NBC's annual upfront presentations to advertisers, Donald Trump confirmed that he would be hosting the fifth season. On January 4, 2012, Trump officially announced the cast on Today and NBC issued a press release with more details. 
On January 13, 2012, NBC announced the fifth season would premiere February 19, 2012, and would be the first season to air each week's finale live. The network announced that it would air a one-hour version of the previous week's episode prior to the airing of new episodes on February 26 and March 4 at 8 p.m.
André Cruz
André Alves da Cruz (born 20 September 1968) is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a central defender. He played for several clubs in Brazil and Europe, and also represented the Brazil national team, taking part in the 1989 and 1995 Copa América tournaments, and the 1998 FIFA World Cup, as well as the 1987 Pan American Games and the 1988 Summer Olympics.

1995 Copa América
The 1995 Copa América football tournament was staged in Uruguay. The host country, Uruguay, won it for a record-tying 14th time by beating Brazil 5–3 in the penalty shootout after a 1–1 draw in the final. All 10 CONMEBOL members took part, with Mexico and the United States invited in order to reach 12 teams.

The United States was the surprise of the tournament, beating defending champions Argentina 3–0 and winning the group. The United States went on to defeat Mexico on penalties in the second round but then lost to Brazil 1–0 in the semi-finals. They then fell to Colombia 4–1 in the third-place game, finishing fourth overall.

In this edition of the tournament, extra time was not played if a match was drawn after 90 minutes. Instead it went straight to a penalty shootout.
Aryeh Ben-Eliezer
Aryeh Ben-Eliezer (Hebrew: אריה בן אליעזר; 16 December 1913 – 29 January 1970) was a Revisionist Zionist leader, Irgun member and Israeli politician. He was acting leader of Herut from August 1951, after Menachem Begin resigned as a result of the 1951 Israeli legislative election, until January 1952, when Ben-Eliezer's heart attack the previous month and the debate over the Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany prompted Begin's return to political activity.

Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany
The Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Luxemburger Abkommen, "Luxembourg Agreement", or Wiedergutmachungsabkommen, "Wiedergutmachung Agreement"; Hebrew: הסכם השילומים, romanized: Heskem HaShillumim, "Reparations Agreement") was signed on September 10, 1952, and entered in force on March 27, 1953. According to the Agreement, West Germany was to pay Israel for the costs of "resettling so great a number of uprooted and destitute Jewish refugees" after the war, and to compensate individual Jews, via the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, for losses in Jewish livelihood and property resulting from Nazi persecution.
Southern Cross (wordless novel)
Southern Cross is the sole wordless novel by Canadian artist Laurence Hyde (1914–1987). Published in 1951, its 118 wood-engraved images narrate the impact of atomic testing on Pacific islanders. Hyde made the book to express his anger at the US military's nuclear tests in the Bikini Atoll.

The wordless novel genre had flourished primarily during the 1920s and 1930s, but by the 1940s even the most prolific practitioners had abandoned it. Hyde was familiar with some such works by Lynd Ward, Otto Nückel, and the form's pioneer Frans Masereel. The high-contrast artwork of Southern Cross features dynamic curving lines uncommon in wood engraving and combines abstract imagery with realistic detail. It has gained appreciation in comics circles as a precursor to the Canadian graphic novel, though it had no direct influence.

Otto Nückel
Otto Nückel (Cologne, 6 September 1888 – Cologne, 12 November 1955) was a German painter, graphic designer, illustrator and cartoonist. He is best known as one of the 20th century's pioneer wordless novelists, along with Frans Masereel and Lynd Ward.
Emily Asquith
Emily Asquith (born 16 December 2002) is an English amateur boxer. She won a silver medal in the 80 kg division at the 2025 World Boxing Championships. Asquith also won gold medals in the light-heavyweight category at the 2018 European Junior Boxing Championships and 2019 European Youth Boxing Championships.

European Amateur Boxing Championships
The European Amateur Boxing Championships is the highest competition for boxing amateurs in Europe, organised by the continent's governing body EUBC, which stands for the European Boxing Confederation. The first edition of the tournament took place in 1924, although the first 'competitive' championships were hosted by the city of Stockholm (Sweden) in 1925.
Bhupinder Singh Thakur
Lieutenant General Bhupinder Singh Thakur PVSM, AVSM (born 20 March 1946), or Bhopinder Singh, is a retired officer of the Indian Army who served as the 26th Vice Chief of the Army Staff from January to September 2005. He also served as General Officer Commanding of II Corps,  Director General of the Assam Rifles and Lieutenant Governor of The Andaman and Nicobar Islands. He was the former military secretary to president K. R. Narayanan and to President A. P. J. Abdul Kalam. He was the former military, naval and air attaché for East and Southern Africa headquartered at Addis Ababa. He currently resides in Chandigarh in India.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Bernat Mill
The Bernat Mill, also known as Capron Mill, and later Bachman Uxbridge Worsted Company, was an American yarn mill in Uxbridge, Massachusetts, that was for the most part destroyed by fire on July 21, 2007.

This mill complex at Uxbridge had been a hub of manufacturing for Bernat, once based in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts. The town of Uxbridge was the site of Bernat's main manufacturing unit in the later 20th century. This was the third largest yarn mill in the U.S. The Bernat mill and the town of Uxbridge have a role in U.S. history, and the history of the American textile manufacturing.

"Bernat" is a trademark of an existing company which manufactures yarn products.

Jamaica Plain
Jamaica Plain is a neighborhood of 4.4 square miles (11 km2) in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Settled by Puritans seeking farmland to the south, it was originally part of Roxbury. The community seceded from Roxbury during the formation of West Roxbury in 1851 and became part of Boston when West Roxbury was annexed in 1874. In the 19th century, Jamaica Plain became one of the first streetcar suburbs in America and home to a significant portion of Boston's Emerald Necklace of parks, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted.

In 2020, Jamaica Plain had a population of 41,012 according to the United States Census.