hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prunus grisea
Prunus grisea, most commonly known as lago, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, and is endemically distributed throughout East, South, and Southeast Asia, as well as parts of Melanesia, spanning over many countries.

Species distribution
Species distribution, or species dispersion, is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged. The geographic limits of a particular taxon's distribution is its range, often represented as shaded areas on a map. Patterns of distribution change depending on the scale at which they are viewed, from the arrangement of individuals within a small family unit, to patterns within a population, or the distribution of the entire species as a whole (range). Species distribution is not to be confused with dispersal, which is the movement of individuals away from their region of origin or from a population center of high density.
Utah State Route 32
State Route 32 (SR-32) is a state highway in Wasatch and Summit Counties in the U.S. state of Utah. Most of the highway is an old routing of U.S. Route 189 that became disconnected from the rest of US-189 during the construction of the Jordanelle Reservoir.  SR-32 runs for 29.053 miles (46.756 km) from US-40 and US-189 north of Heber City to I-80 near Wanship. Although signed US-189 or US-189 Alternate for most of its history, the highway pre-dates the creation of U.S. Highways and has had several numerical designations and route changes through the years.

Jordanelle Reservoir
Jordanelle Reservoir is a reservoir in Wasatch County, Utah, United States, just north of Heber City.

Jordanelle Reservoir is fed and drained primarily by the Provo River, and is impounded by the Jordanelle Dam, an earthen dam. The construction of the dam resulted in the reroutings of both U.S. Route 40 and U.S. Route 189 (which now run concurrently over the summit of nearby mountains) and the submergence of the towns of Keetley, Hailstone, and Jordanelle.

While Jordanelle Reservoir is popular for water sports, anglers also frequent Jordanelle. Jordanelle has a more broad range of fish species than other local lakes. Anglers visit the lake to target rainbow trout, kokanee salmon, smallmouth bass, perch, wipers, and tiger muskie.
Special Region of Surakarta
The Special Region of Surakarta was a de-facto provincial-level autonomous region of Indonesia that existed between August 1945 and July 1946. The establishment of this special autonomy status during this period was never established by a separate law based on Article 18 of the original Constitution, but only by a Presidential Determination Charter on 19 August 1945 and Law No. 1 Year 1945 on the Position of the Regional National Committee.

Subdivisions of Indonesia
Indonesia is divided into provinces (provinsi). Provinces are made up of regencies (kabupaten) and cities (kota). Regencies and cities then divided into districts (kecamatan), which made up of villages (desa) and urban villages (kelurahan). Provinces, regencies, and cities have their own local governments and parliamentary bodies (DPRD).

Since the enactment of Law Number 22 of 1999 on Local Government (the law was revised by Law Number 32 of 2004, Law Number 23 of 2014, and the 2023 Omnibus Law on Job Creation), local governments now play a greater role in administering their areas. Foreign policy, defence (including armed forces and national police), system of law, and monetary policy, however, remain the domain of the national government. Since 2005 as the enactment of Law Number 32 of 2004, heads of local government (governors, regents and mayors) have been directly elected by popular election for a five-year term and can be re-elected for one more term.
Fermata Arts Foundation
The Fermata Arts Foundation (FAF) is a New England non-profit organization promoting a new spectrum of communication through philosophy and poetics of the arts and architecture, between the countries of the post-soviet space and the West, with the stated goal to "aid in the preservation of peace through mutual respect, understanding and cooperation".

Fermata Arts Foundation programs involve the participation of grade schools, high schools and colleges and universities.  For example, "Ideal House", a drawing exchange program, was joined by grade school students and their schools in eight Eastern European countries, the US and Italy.

The Directors of the corporation come from a variety of backgrounds, echoing the interdisciplinary nature of the Foundation's activities.  Dr. Pamela Gay, for instance, is an astronomer and academic.  Board member James Woods, SJ, is Dean of the College of Advancing Studies at Boston College.

Pamela L. Gay
Pamela L. Gay (born December 12, 1973) is an American astronomer, educator, podcaster, and writer, best known for her work in astronomical podcasting and citizen science astronomy projects. She is a senior education and communication specialist and senior scientist for the Planetary Science Institute. Her research interests include analysis of astronomy data, as well as examination of the impact of citizen science initiatives. Gay has also appeared as herself in various television documentary series.

Gay takes part in science popularization efforts and educational outreach as director of CosmoQuest, a citizen science project aimed at engaging the public in astronomy research, speaking on science and scientific skepticism topics internationally, and through educational podcasting.
Presidency of Luis Herrera Campins
The Presidency of Luis Herrera Campins or the Campins Presidency or the Campins Administration refers to Luis Herrera Campins’s tenure as the President of Venezuela with lasted from 12 March 1979 to 2 February 1984. Prior to his election, he founded the moderately conservative Christian COPEI party. He was succeeded by Jaime Lusinchi.

Copei
COPEI, also referred to as the Social Christian Party (Spanish: Partido Socialcristiano) or Green Party (Spanish: Partido Verde), is a Christian democratic party in Venezuela. The acronym stands for Comité de Organización Política Electoral Independiente (English: Independent Political Electoral Organization Committee), but this provisional full name has fallen out of use. The party was influential during the twentieth century as a signatory of the Puntofijo Pact and influenced many politicians throughout Latin America at its peak.
Mutiara Damansara MRT station
Mutiara Damansara station is a mass rapid transit station serving the suburb of Mutiara Damansara in Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.

It is one of the stations on the MRT Kajang Line. The station was opened on 16 December 2016 when the first phase of the line was opened.

The station is located adjacent to the Mutiara Damansara commercial area where The Curve Shopping Centre, Royale Chulan Hotel, IKEA Damansara, Lotus's Mutiara Damansara and other buildings are located.

Kajang line
The MRT Kajang Line, previously known as the MRT Sungai Buloh–Kajang Line, is a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) line servicing the Klang Valley, Malaysia. It is the second fully automated and driverless rail system in the Klang Valley region after the LRT Kelana Jaya Line. Owned by MRT Corp and operated as part of the Rapid KL system by Rapid Rail, it forms part of the Klang Valley Integrated Transit System. The line is numbered 9 and coloured green on official transit maps.

It is one of three planned MRT rail lines under the Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit Project by MRT Corp. Phase 1 operations between Sungai Buloh and Semantan commenced service on 16 December 2016. Phase 2 operations between Muzium Negara and Kajang was opened on 17 July 2017, as a free shuttle service, by former Malaysian Prime Minister, Najib Razak in a ceremony at the Tun Razak Exchange station. Full revenue service between Sungai Buloh and Kajang began the following day.
Halegrapha paulseniana
Halegrapha paulseniana is a species of bark-dwelling script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It forms a cream-white crust on tree bark and produces elongated, branching, script-like fruiting bodies with a partly exposed dark disc. The species was described in 2018 and was the first member of its genus recorded from Hawaii. It is known only from montane forest on the slopes of Haleakalā volcano on Maui, where it may be endemic.

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
2025 Skate America
The 2025 Skate America is a figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU). Organized and hosted by U.S. Figure Skating, it was the fifth event of the 2025–26 Grand Prix of Figure Skating: a senior-level international invitational competition series. It was held from November 14 to 16 at the Herb Brooks Arena in Lake Placid, New York, in the United States. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earned points based on their results, and the top skaters or teams in each discipline at the end of the season will be invited to then compete at the 2025 Grand Prix Final in Nagoya, Japan. Kévin Aymoz of France won the men's event, Alysa Liu of the United States won the women's event, Riku Miura and Ryuichi Kihara of Japan won the pairs event, and Madison Chock and Evan Bates of the United States won the ice dance event.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
Memento Mori (Flyleaf album)
Memento Mori is the second studio album by American rock band Flyleaf, released through A&M/Octone Records on November 10, 2009.  The title is a Latin phrase meaning "be mindful of death" or "remember you will die". Memento Mori debuted at number eight on the Billboard 200, selling 56,000 units in its opening week. It also became the first album by a female-led act to top the Billboard Hard Rock Albums chart. The album sold more than 311,600 copies in the U.S. in a little over one year.

Memento mori
Memento mori (Latin for "remember [that you have] to die") is an artistic symbol or trope acting as a reminder of the inevitability of death. The concept has its roots in the philosophers of classical antiquity and Christianity, and appeared in funerary art and architecture from the medieval period onwards.

The most common motif is a skull, often accompanied by bones. Often, this alone is enough to evoke the trope, but other motifs include a coffin, hourglass, or wilting flowers to signify the impermanence of life. Often, these would accompany a different central subject within a wider work, such as portraiture; however, the concept includes standalone genres such as the vanitas and Danse Macabre in visual art and cadaver monuments in sculpture.
Next United Kingdom general election in Scotland
The next United Kingdom general election must be held no later than 15 August 2029,  and all 57 Scottish Westminster seats will be contested. The election will determine the composition of the House of Commons, which in turn determines the government of the United Kingdom.

Next United Kingdom general election
The next United Kingdom general election is scheduled to be held no later than 15 August 2029. It will determine the composition of the House of Commons, which determines the government of the United Kingdom.
20th century departures of foreign nationals from Egypt
The 20th century departures of foreign nationals from Egypt primarily concerned European and Levantine communities. These communities consisting of British, French, Greeks, Italians, Armenians, Maltese and Jews of Egyptian descent had been established in Egypt since the 19th century. These foreign nationals became known as the "Egyptianized", or the Mutamassirun. The foreign resident population in Egypt numbered around 200,000 by the end of World War 1. This departure of foreign nationals was precipitated by political instability, the Suez Crisis, the abolition of the capitulations system, and the rise of Egyptian nationalism under Gamal Abdel Nasser. In 1956, the Egyptian Minister of Interior Zakaria Mohieddin said that of Egypt's 18,000 British and French citizens, 12,000 were ordered expelled, their properties seized by the Egyptian government.

Egyptian nationalism
Egyptian nationalism is based on Egyptians and Egyptian culture. Egyptian nationalism has typically been a civic nationalism that has emphasized the unity of Egyptians regardless of their ethnicity or religion. Egyptian nationalism first manifested itself as Anti-English sentiment during the Egyptian revolution of 1919.
The Sign of Three
"The Sign of Three" is the second episode of the third series of the BBC television series Sherlock. It was written by Stephen Thompson, Mark Gatiss and Steven Moffat, and stars Benedict Cumberbatch as Sherlock Holmes and Martin Freeman as Dr John Watson.  The episode's title is inspired by The Sign of the Four by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It is set six months after the series opener "The Empty Hearse" and is primarily centred on the day of Watson's wedding to Mary Morstan. It garnered a viewership of 11.37 million, and received mostly positive reviews.

The Sign of the Four
The Sign of the Four, also called The Sign of Four, is an 1890  detective novel, the second novel featuring Sherlock Holmes by British writer Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Doyle wrote four novels and 56 short stories featuring the fictional detective.
Robert Vigneau
Robert Jean Pierre Vigneau (26 August 1933 – 18 August 2022) was a French expressionist poet. He published nine collections of poems, in major publishing houses (Gallimard, Seghers ...). His most famous poems are those he wrote for the youth (The Whale... two of his books were recommended by the Éducation nationale française).

Vigneau was also a draftsman: he published two books of drawings, and exhibited periodically, in Japan and France.

The poem Jehan l'Advenu by Norge, known for being sung by Georges Brassens, is dedicated to "Robert et Marie-Hélène Vigneau" in the Œuvres poétiques 1923-1973 by Norge, Séghers, 1978, p. 611.

Born in Nice on 26 August 1933, he died in Cannes on 18 August 2022, at the age of 88.

Éditions Gallimard
Éditions Gallimard (French: [edisjɔ̃ ɡalimaːʁ]), formerly Éditions de la Nouvelle Revue Française (1911–1919) and Librairie Gallimard (1919–1961), is one of the leading French book publishers. In 2003, it and its subsidiaries published 1,418 titles.

Founded by Gaston Gallimard in 1911, the publisher is now majority-owned by his grandson Antoine Gallimard.

Éditions Gallimard is a subsidiary of Groupe Madrigall, the third largest French publishing group.
Top Gun (2010 video game)
Top Gun is a combat flight simulation game developed by Doublesix and published by Paramount Digital Entertainment. It is based on the 1986 film of the same name. It was released on August 17, 2010, as a downloadable game for PlayStation 3 through the PlayStation Network. The following month, it was released for Microsoft Windows through Steam. One of the film's writers, Jack Epps Jr., was involved in the game's development. Epps wrote new combat scenes and dialogue for the game. In 2011, the game and film were released together under the title Top Gun: Wingman Edition.

Combat flight simulation game
Combat flight simulators are vehicle simulation games, amateur flight simulation computer programs used to simulate military aircraft and their operations. These are distinct from dedicated flight simulators used for professional pilot and military flight training which consist of realistic physical recreations of the actual aircraft cockpit, often with a full-motion platform.

Combat flight simulation titles are more numerous than civilian flight simulators due to the variety of subject matter available and market demand. Many free flight simulators, such as the open source Linux Air Combat, Falcon 4.0, Digital Combat Simulator and Rise of Flight, can be downloaded for free off the Internet.
Tsewang Rigzin
Tsewang Rigzin is a Tibetan freedom activist who is the current president of the Tibetan Youth Congress. He has held the position since September 2007, and on August 8, 2008 he was re-elected to serve through August 2013. Prior to attaining his current position he served as the president of the Portland/Vancouver regional chapter of the Tibetan Youth Congress.

Rigzin has been an outspoken critic of the Middle Way Approach to solving the problem of the Tibet situation, and has instead advocated for complete independence for Tibet. In this, he and the Tibetan Youth Congress are in disagreement with the Dalai Lama, who advocates for autonomy for Tibet within China.

Autonomous administrative divisions of China
Chinese autonomous administrative divisions are associated with one or more ethnic minorities that are designated as autonomous within the People's Republic of China. These areas are recognized in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China and are nominally given a number of rights not accorded to other administrative divisions of China. For example, Tibetan minorities in autonomous regions are granted rights and support not given to the Han Chinese, such as fiscal and medical subsidies.
Vester Allé 12
Vester Allé 12 is a listed building in Aarhus, Denmark. The building was completed in 1902 and was listed by the Danish Heritage Agency in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places on 5 April 1988. The building is situated on the west side of Vester Allé close by Vester Allé Barracks and ARoS Aarhus Art Museum. The building has been home to some of the earliest cultural institutions in the city.

Colloquially the building is known as Smykkeskrinet (The Jewel Box) for its distinctive shape or as Erhvervsarkivet (The Business Archive) for its long tenure as the home of the Danish National Business Archives.

Danish National Archives
The Danish National Archives (Danish: Rigsarkivet) is the national archive system of Denmark. Its primary purpose is to collect, preserve and archive historically valuable records from central authorities, such as ministries, agencies and national organisations and make them available to the public. The archive is part of the Ministry of Culture.

Previously the term Danish State Archives (Danish: Statens Arkiver) was used as the collective name for the archive system. In 2014 the archives were reorganised, and the name Rigsarkivet (which had previously only applied to the Danish National Archives in Copenhagen) became the new collective name for the entire archive system.
Alireza Rastegar
Alireza Rastegar (Persian: علیرضا راستگار, born May 17, 1978) is an Iranian inventor, author, and recipient of numerous national and international awards. He is the president of the International Federation of Inventors' Associations, a non-profit organization founded in 1968, and founder of the Silicon Valley International Invention Festival. Alireza has authored six books on the innovation field. He is a member of the Forbes Business Council. In 2022, HKTDC (Hong Kong Trade Development Council) selected him as an honorary advisor of BIPASIA (Business of IP Asia Forum).

International Federation of Inventors' Associations
37°19′55″N 122°01′52″W﻿ / ﻿37.33182°N 122.03118°W﻿ / 37.33182; -122.03118

The International Federation of Inventors' Associations (IFIA) is a non-profit, nongovernmental organization founded in London under the supervision of the United Nations, on July 11, 1968, by inventors of Denmark, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland.
2012 Tampa Bay Rowdies season
The 2012 Tampa Bay Rowdies season was the current Tampa Bay Rowdies' third season of existence, and second in the North American Soccer League. Including the original Rowdies franchise and the Tampa Bay Mutiny, this was the 25th season of a professional soccer team fielded in the Tampa Bay region.

Tampa Bay Rowdies (1975–1993)
The Tampa Bay Rowdies were an American professional soccer team based in Tampa, Florida, that competed in the original North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1975 to 1984. They enjoyed popular support in the Tampa Bay area until the NASL folded in 1984, after which the team played in various minor indoor and outdoor leagues before finally folding on January 31, 1994. The Rowdies played nearly all of their outdoor home games at Tampa Stadium and nearly all of their indoor games at the Bayfront Center Arena in nearby St. Petersburg, Florida. Although San Diego played indoors until 1996, the Rowdies were the last surviving NASL franchise that played outdoor soccer on a regular basis.
Francis Levett (merchant)
Francis Levett (alias Levet) (1654–1705) was a British Turkey Merchant (member of the Levant Company) of the City of London who in partnership with his brother Sir Richard Levett, Lord Mayor of London, built a trading empire, importing and distributing tobacco and other commodities, mainly from the Levant. He served as Warden of the Worshipful Company of Mercers.

Francis and his brother Sir Richard, who served as Master of the Haberdashers' Company, were among the largest factors of their day in England, with an immense working capital estimated between £30,000 and £40,000 in 1705, buying tobacco around the world for importation into the English market. Francis Levett served as a partner in the trading firm of Sir Richard Levett & Co.

Levant Company
The Levant Company was an English chartered company formed in 1592. Elizabeth I of England approved its initial charter on 11 September 1592 when the Venice Company (1583) and the Turkey Company (1581) merged, because their charters had expired, as she was eager to maintain trade and political alliances with the Ottoman Empire.
Its initial charter was good for seven years and was granted to Edward Osborne, Richard Staper, Thomas Smith and William Garrard with the purpose of regulating English trade with the Ottoman Empire and the Levant. The company remained in continuous existence until being superseded in 1825. A member of the company was known as a Turkey Merchant.
Arboretum du Puy du Fou
46°53′24″N 0°55′55″W﻿ / ﻿46.89°N 0.932°W﻿ / 46.89; -0.932
The Arboretum du Puy du Fou is an arboretum within the Grand Parc du Puy du Fou, a theme park located on La Papinière, Les Epesses, Vendée, Pays de la Loire, France. It is open daily in the summer; an admission fee is charged.

Le Puy du Fou
Le Puy du Fou ([pɥi dy fu]) is a theme park in Les Epesses, in the Pays de la Loire region of western France. It receives more than 2 million visitors every year, making it one of the most popular theme parks in France. In 2024, it was the third most visited theme park in France, behind Disneyland Paris and Parc Astérix, with 2.8 million annual visitors.