hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Municipal Borough of Farnworth
The Municipal Borough of Farnworth was a local government district centred on the town of Farnworth in the administrative county of Lancashire, England. A local board of health had been established for Farnworth in 1863, which was reconstituted as an urban district in 1899, before being  granted a charter of incorporation to become a municipal borough in 1939. Following abolition of the local authority in 1974, Farnworth became an unparished area of the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester.

Local board of health
A local board of health (or simply a local board) was a local authority in urban areas of England and Wales from 1848 to 1894. They were formed in response to cholera epidemics and were given powers to control sewers, clean the streets, regulate environmental health risks including slaughterhouses and ensure the proper supply of water to their districts. Local boards were eventually merged with the corporations of municipal boroughs in 1873, or became urban districts in 1894.
Tommy Lindholm
Tommy Lindholm (born 3 February 1947) is a Finnish former footballer. He was the head coach of the Finland national football team from 1993 to 1994. He also coached TPS (1978, 1986–1988, 1991) and HJK (1996).

He earned 43 caps at international level between 1965 and 1974, scoring 11 goals.

At club level Lindholm played for PIF, TuTo, TPS, HIFK, Reipas, Beşiktaş and TuPa.

Finland national football team
The Finland national football team (Finnish: Suomen jalkapallomaajoukkue, Swedish: Finlands fotbollslandslag) represents Finland in men's international football competitions and is controlled by the Football Association of Finland, the governing body for football in Finland, which was founded in 1907. The team has been a member of FIFA since 1908 and a UEFA member since 1957.

Finland had never qualified for a major tournament until securing a spot at UEFA Euro 2020. After decades of average results and campaigns, the nation made progress in the 2000s, achieving notable results against established European teams and reaching a peak of 33rd in the FIFA World Rankings in 2007. Afterward, their performances and results declined, drawing them to their all-time low of 110th in the FIFA Rankings in 2017. Seven years after their all-time low in the FIFA Rankings, as of October 2025, they sit at 72nd place in the overall ranking.
Initial Training Group
The Initial Training Group of the British Army is responsible for the content and delivery of non-infantry Phase 1 training. The group's headquarters are at Pirbright, Surrey, commanding 4 Army Training Regiments, 5 Army Training Units, the Army Foundation College in Harrogate, the Army School of Physical Training, and the ARITC Staff Leadership School. It is part of the Army Recruiting and Training Command, who are responsible for all recruiting and training prior to becoming a fully qualified soldier or officer.

The headquarters is commanded by a Brigadier, supported by a number of military and civilian staff.

Army Foundation College
The Army Foundation College (AFC) in Harrogate, England, is the sole initial military training unit for British Army recruits who enlist aged between 16 and 17.5 years.

AFC delivers two 'Phase 1' initial training courses: the 'long course' of 49 weeks, mainly for recruits in combat roles, and the 23-week 'short course' for recruits in most other roles. In addition to their military training, recruits are enrolled onto basic Functional Skills courses in English, maths, and ICT.

Approximately 1,200 boys and 100 girls begin training at AFC annually, of whom approximately 500 are enrolled for the infantry. On average, 70% of recruits complete their course, then moving to other army units for their 'Phase 2' role-specific training.

AFC is graded 'outstanding' for welfare by Ofsted but has also attracted criticism for the physical and sexual abuse of recruits, and high running costs, and racist abuse against black staff.
Ar-Rutbah
Ar-Rutbah (Arabic: الرطبة ar-Ruṭba, also Romanized Rutba, Rutbah) is an Iraqi town in western Al Anbar province, predominantly inhabited by Sunni Arabs. The population is approximately 28,400. It occupies a strategic location on the Amman–Baghdad road, and the Kirkuk–Haifa oil pipeline. Considered a "wet spot", it receives 114.3 mm (4.5 inches) of rain annually, and is located on a high plateau. It has been described as "the most isolated town of any size in Iraq."

Ar-Rutbah began as a rest stop for Imperial Airways flights in the early 20th century, and also served as a water stop for the Nairn Transport Company. In December 1934, sixteen kilometers south of Ar-Rutbah, the famous Dutch plane Uiver crashed, with all onboard killed. During the Anglo-Iraqi War in 1941, Ar-Rutbah was the site of a clash between British forces, including the Arab Legion, and forces loyal to Rashid Ali al-Gaylani.

Rashid Ali al-Gaylani
Rashid Ali al-Gaylani (Al-Gailani) (Arabic: رشيد عالي الکَيلاني, Arabic pronunciation: [raʃiːd ʕaːliː al.keːlaːniː]) (1892 – 28 August 1965) was an Iraqi politician who served as Prime Minister of Iraq on three occasions: from March to November 1933, from March 1940 to February 1941 and from April to May 1941. He is chiefly remembered as an ardent Arab nationalist who attempted to remove British influence from Iraq by starting a coup against the government in 1941. During his brief tenures as prime minister in 1940 and 1941, he attempted to negotiate settlements with the Axis powers during World War II to counter British influence in Iraq.
Politics of Belize
Belize is a parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, whereby the King of Belize serves as head of state and the prime minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Belize.

The party system is dominated by the centre-left People's United Party and the centre-right United Democratic Party. There have been other small parties that have participated at all levels of governmental elections in the past.  Although none of these small political parties has ever won any significant number of seats or offices, their challenge has been growing over the years.

Constitutional safeguards include freedom of speech, press, worship, movement, and association. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Jurisprudence is based on English common law. People in Belize have elections to choose their government.

United Democratic Party (Belize)
The United Democratic Party (Spanish: Partido Democrático Unido; abbreviated UDP) is one of the two major political parties in Belize. It is currently the main opposition party, having lost the 2025 Belizean general election, after previously holding the government across three prior terms. Founded as a centre-right conservative party, the UDP is led by Interim Leader Hugo Patt, though his position is contested by Tracy Taegar-Panton, who is already sworn in as leader of the opposition.
Poco Pine
Poco Pine (1954–1974) was an American Quarter Horse stallion and breeding stallion. He earned 50 Grand Championships in his showing career and after his death was inducted into the American Quarter Horse Association's (or AQHA) AQHA Hall of Fame in 2010. Two of his descendants have also been inducted into the AQHA Hall of Fame. 37 of his offspring earned an AQHA Championship during their own showing careers.

American Quarter Horse Association
The American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA), based in Amarillo, Texas, United States, is an international organization dedicated to the preservation, improvement and record-keeping of the American Quarter Horse.  The association sanctions many competitive events and maintains the official registry.  The organization also houses the American Quarter Horse Hall of Fame and Museum and sponsors educational programs. The organization was founded in 1940 in Fort Worth, Texas, and now has nearly 234,627 members, over 32,000 of whom are international.
Benin women's national football team
The Benin women's national football team represents Benin in international women's football. It is governed by the Benin Football Federation. It never reached the African Championship or the World Cup finals.

Benin's participation in the African Championships consists of only one qualification tournament, in 2006. Benin beat Malawi at home, and therefore moved through the first qualification round. They then drew 1–1 with Ivory Coast, and won in a penalty shootout. In the second round, Benin met Mali, and lost both matches.

Benin also entered the 2008 African Championships, but then pulled out before the tournament began. Their 2006 home defeat to Mali was therefore the last match Benin has played in so far.

Ivory Coast women's national football team
The Ivory Coast women's national football team (French: Équipe de Côte d'Ivoire féminine de football, recognized as Côte d'Ivoire by FIFA) represents Ivory Coast in international women's football and is controlled by the Ivorian Football Federation. They played their first international match in 1988. The team is currently ranked 64th in the FIFA Women's World Rankings and as the 6th best team in CAF.
Karel Kula
Karel Kula (born 10 August 1963) is a Czech local politician and former football player and manager. He played as a midfielder and was a general manager of MFK Karviná and FK Fotbal Třinec. In 2023, he became the mayor of Český Těšín.

FK Třinec
FK Třinec is a football club based in Třinec, Czech Republic. It plays in the Moravian-Silesian Football League. It is sponsored by the Třinec Iron and Steel Works; in the past the club bore the name of the company.

The club's highest achievement was the presence in the Czechoslovak First League, where the club was present for six seasons in the 1960s and 1970s.
WIHT
WIHT (99.5 FM) is a contemporary hit radio formatted radio station that serves the greater Washington metropolitan area. Located on the fourth floor of 1801 Rockville Pike in Rockville, Maryland, the station broadcasts 24 hours a day and is licensed to, and owned by, iHeartMedia. The transmitter is located on River Road in Bethesda, Maryland.

WZFT
WZFT (104.3 FM), branded "Z104.3", is a Gold-based CHR radio station located in Baltimore, Maryland. It is currently owned and operated by iHeartMedia. WZFT's studios are located at The Rotunda shopping center in Baltimore, and its transmitter is based atop Television Hill in the city's Woodberry district.
Sakiyama Shell Mound
Sakiyama shell midden (崎山貝塚, Sakiyama Kaizuka) is an archaeological site consisting of a  Jōmon period shell midden and the remains of an adjacent settlement located in what is now the city of Miyako, Iwate Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan.  It has been protected by the central government as a National Historic Site since 1996.

Midden
A midden is an old dump for domestic waste. It may consist of animal bones, human excrement, botanical material, mollusc shells, potsherds, lithics (especially debitage), and other artifacts and biofacts associated with past human occupation.

These features provide a useful resource for archaeologists to study the diets and habits of past societies. Middens with damp, anaerobic conditions can even preserve organic remains in deposits as the debris of daily life are tossed on the pile. Each individual toss will contribute a different mix of materials depending upon the activity associated with that particular toss. During the course of deposition, sediment is deposited as well. Different mechanisms, from wind and water to animal digs, create a matrix which can also be analysed to provide seasonal and climatic information. In some middens individual dumps of material can be discerned and analysed.
Joel Hamling
Joel Hamling (born 9 April 1993) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Sydney Swans in the Australian Football League (AFL). Hamling previously played for the Western Bulldogs from 2015 to 2016 and Fremantle between 2017 and 2023, after initially being drafted to Geelong in the 2011 AFL draft.

2011 AFL draft
The 2011 AFL draft consisted of five opportunities for player acquisitions during the 2011/12 Australian Football League off-season.

These were:

2011 trade week; which was held between 10 October and 17 October

A mini-draft of 17-year-old players, as part of the recruitment concessions given to the newly established Greater Western Sydney Giants, which was held on 13 October

The 2011 national draft; which was held on 24 November in Sydney.

The 2012 pre-season draft, held on 13 December 2011 and

The 2012 rookie draft, also on 13 December 2011.

It was the first national draft to feature the Greater Western Sydney Giants, who joined the league in 2012. It was the final draft period before the introduction of free agency in the 2012/13 offseason.
Nittur, Shimoga
Nittur is a village located in Hosanagara Taluk, Shimoga District, Karnataka, India. The village is located in dense forest, on the Shimoga-Kollur state highway. Kodachadri peak falls within the jurisdiction of Nittur Grama Panchayat.

Kodachadri
Kodachadri is a mountain peak with dense forests (elevation - 1,343 metres above sea level) in the Western Ghats in South India (Shivamogga District, Karnataka), 78 km from Shimoga. Kodachadri is the highest peak in Shivamogga district. It is declared as natural heritage site by the Karnataka Government. and it is 13th highest peak of Karnataka.
Hlai people
The Hlai, also known as Li or Lizu, are a Kra–Dai-speaking ethnic group, one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. The vast majority live off the southern coast of China on Hainan Island, where they are the largest minority ethnic group. Divided into the five branches of the Qi (Gei), Ha, Run (Zwn), Sai (Tai, Jiamao) and Meifu (Moifau), the Hlai have their own distinctive culture and customs.

Kra–Dai languages
The Kra–Dai languages (/ˈkrɑː.daɪ/ KRAH-dy), also known as Tai–Kadai (/ˈtaɪ.kəˌdaɪ/ TIE-kə-DYE) and Daic (/ˈdaɪ.ɪk/ DYE-ik), are a language family in mainland Southeast Asia, southern China, and northeastern India. All languages in the family are tonal, including Thai and Lao, the national languages of Thailand and Laos, respectively. Around 93 million people speak Kra–Dai languages; 60% of those speak Thai. Ethnologue lists 95 languages in the family, with 62 of these being in the Tai branch.
Queen Hyojeong
Queen Hyojeong (Korean: 효정왕후; 6 March 1831 – 20 December 1903) of the Namyang Hong clan, was the second wife and queen consort of King Heonjong of Joseon, the 24th monarch of the Joseon Dynasty.

After his death in 1849, she was known as Queen Mother Myeongheon (명헌대비; 明憲大妃) and later Queen Dowager Myeongheon (명헌왕대비; 明憲王大妃) during King Cheoljong's reign. After the proclamation of the Korean Empire, she became known as Empress Dowager Myeongheon (명헌왕태후). She was posthumously called Hyojeong, the Accomplished Empress (효정성황후; 孝定成皇后).

Cheoljong of Joseon
Cheoljong (Korean: 철종; Hanja: 哲宗; 25 July 1831 – 16 January 1864), personal name Yi Won-beom (이원범; 李元範), later Yi Byeon (이변; 李昪), was the 25th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. After King Heonjong died without any descendants in 1849, Queen Sunwon chose Cheoljong, aged 19, to ascend to the throne, adopting him as the heir of her late husband, King Sunjo.

Cheoljong was a great-great-grandson of King Yeongjo. He grew up in poverty; even after becoming king, he had little political influence, and the power to govern was held mainly by the Andong Kim clan, the paternal family of Queen Sunwon. The Andong Kim clan's monopoly caused nationwide corruption, resulting in a series of peasant revolts in southern Joseon in 1862. As Cheoljong's sons all died in infancy, he was succeeded by a distant relative, Gojong.
Cynthia Cooke
Cynthia Felicity Joan Cooke, CBE, RRC (11 June 1919 – 20 April 2016) was a British military nurse and nursing administrator who served as Matron-in-Chief of the Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service, the nursing branch of the Her Majesty's Naval Service, from 1973 to 1976.

Cooke was awarded the Royal Red Cross in 1969, became a Commander of the Order of St John in 1974 and a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1975.

Royal Red Cross
The Royal Red Cross (RRC) is a military decoration awarded in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth for exceptional services in military nursing. It was created in 1883, and the first two awards were to Florence Nightingale and Jane Cecilia Deeble. Deeble had served in Zulu Kingdom and the Colony of Natal during the Anglo-Zulu War in 1879, and she had noted that the work of the nurses was not recognised officially.
Mississippi Highway 572
Mississippi Highway 572 (MS 572) is a former state highway in southwestern Mississippi. The route's western terminus was in Centreville of Wilkinson county. MS 572 traveled east and intersected MS 24 and MS 33, just east of the town. It ended at MS 569 south of Beechwood. MS 572 was designated in 1957, from MS 24 and MS 33 to MS 569. The route was extended west to Centreville, and was removed from the state highway system in 1967.

Wilkinson County, Mississippi
Wilkinson County is a county located in the southwest corner of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of 2020, its population was 8,587. Its county seat is Woodville. Bordered by the Mississippi River on the west, the county is named for James Wilkinson, a Revolutionary War military leader and first governor of the Louisiana Territory after its acquisition by the United States in 1803.
KDOV-LD
KDOV-LD (channel 18), branded theDove TV, is a low-power religious television station in Medford, Oregon, United States. KDSO-LD (channel 16) serves as a translator of KDOV-LD. The stations are owned by theDove Media alongside KDOV (91.7 FM) in Medford, KDRC-LD (channel 26) in Redding, California, and KKPM-CD in Yuba City, which operates a network of low-power translators throughout Northern California and airs theDove TV on the primary channel of most of these translators.

Redding, California
Redding is a city in and the county seat of Shasta County, California, and the economic and cultural capital of the Shasta Cascade region of Northern California. Redding lies along the Sacramento River, 162 miles (261 km) north of Sacramento, and 120 miles (190 km) south of California's northern border with Oregon. Its population was 93,611 at the 2020 census.
False (logic)
In logic, false (Its noun form is falsity) or untrue is the state of possessing negative truth value and is a nullary logical connective. In a truth-functional system of propositional logic, it is one of two postulated truth values, along with its negation, truth.  Usual notations of the false are 0 (especially in Boolean logic and computer science), O (in prefix notation, Opq), and the up tack symbol .

Another approach is used for several formal theories (e.g., intuitionistic propositional calculus), where a propositional constant (i.e. a nullary connective), , is introduced, the truth value of which being always false in the sense above. It can be treated as an absurd proposition, and is often called absurdity.

Theory (mathematical logic)
In mathematical logic, a theory (also called a formal theory) is a set of sentences in a formal language. In most scenarios a deductive system is first understood from context, giving rise to a formal system that combines the language with deduction rules. An element  of a deductively closed theory  is then called a theorem of the theory. In many deductive systems there is usually a subset  that is called "the set of axioms" of the theory , in which case the deductive system is also called an "axiomatic system". By definition, every axiom is automatically a theorem. A first-order theory is a set of first-order sentences (theorems) recursively obtained by the inference rules of the system applied to the set of axioms.
Sha Tin Methodist College
Sha Tin Methodist College (Chinese: 沙田循道衞理中學), abbreviated as STMC, is a government-subsidised secondary school in Sha Tin, Hong Kong. Founded in 1983, it is sponsored by The Methodist Church, Hong Kong to serve the local community together with churches and service centres in the Sha Tin parish.

Education in Hong Kong
Education in Hong Kong used to be largely modelled on that of the United Kingdom, particularly the English system. Since 2012, the overhaul of secondary school diploma has introduced changes to the number of school years as well as the two-tier general examinations. The DSE has replaced the old HKCEE (similar to the UK's GCSE) and the A-levels. Education policy in Hong Kong is overseen by the Education Bureau and the Social Welfare Department.

The academic year begins mid-year, usually starting in September.
Bianor senegalensis
Bianor senegalensis is  a species of jumping spider in the genus Bianor that lives in Senegal.  It was first described in 2001 by Dmitri Logunov. Only the male has been described. The spider is small with a carapace that is typically 1.9 mm (0.075 in) long and an abdomen that is 2 mm (0.079 in) long. The carapace is dark russet, rough with a pattern of white scales and the abdomen grey-brown with a pattern of white patches arranged in two rows. White scales also cover part of the clypeus. The tegulum is simple and of a unique shape that enables the species to be differentiated from others in the genus.

Palpal bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often described as like wearing boxing gloves. The palpal bulb does not actually produce sperm, being used only to transfer it to the female. Palpal bulbs are only fully developed in adult male spiders and are not completely visible until after the final moult. In the majority of species of spider, the bulbs have complex shapes and are important in identification.
August Beer
August Beer (German: [beːɐ̯]; 31 July 1825 – 18 November 1863) was a German physicist, chemist, and mathematician of Jewish descent. Beer published a paper in the field of spectroscopy on the absorption of red light in colored aqueous solutions of various salts, which is extended on the work from Pierre Bouguer's and Johann Heinrich Lambert's absorption laws. He found that the intensity of light transmitted through a solution at a given wavelength decreases exponentially with the path length and the concentration of the solute, when the solvent is non-absorbing.

Johann Heinrich Lambert
Johann Heinrich Lambert (German: [ˈlambɛʁt]; French: Jean-Henri Lambert; 26 or 28 August 1728 – 25 September 1777) was a polymath from the Republic of Mulhouse, at that time allied to the Swiss Confederacy, who made important contributions to the subjects of mathematics, physics (particularly optics), philosophy, astronomy and map projections.