hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Civic Act-up
Civic Act-up (Chinese: 公民起動) is a small pro-democracy political group in Hong Kong. It was founded on 24 September 2003 by a group of relatively young activists with the encouragement of Legislative Councillor Cyd Ho, to challenge the existing pro-government district councillors in Wanchai District in the 2003 District Council elections. There is no formal structure in the group.

Cyd Ho
Cyd Ho Sau-lan (Chinese: 何秀蘭, born 24 July 1954) is a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (Legco) for the Hong Kong Island constituency.

She is a founding member of the Labour Party, since December 2011, and currently holds the position of vice-chairwoman.  Previously, she was a founding member of The Frontier, another pro-democracy political group. Since 2006, she has been a founding councillor of the World Future Council.

She has garnered a reputation for promoting universal suffrage, rule of law, human rights, and equal opportunity, as well as advancement in the interests of women, homosexuals and other minority groups.
Marvin Schlachter
Marvin Herbert Schlachter (November 25, 1933 – September 19, 2024) was an American record company music executive and record label owner. Schlachter was a founder and owner of Scepter Records, Wand Records, Prelude Records, and helmed a number of high ranking roles at others such as GRT Records, Janus Records, Chess Records and Pye Records US.

Schlachter is best known for his work nurturing talent during the 1960s including Dionne Warwick, the Shirelles, Tammi Terrell, Chuck Jackson, The Kingsmen and B.J. Thomas.

B. J. Thomas
Billy Joe Thomas (August 7, 1942 – May 29, 2021) was an American singer widely known for his country, contemporary Christian, and pop hits of the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s.

Popular songs by Thomas include "Hooked on a Feeling" (1968), "Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head" (1969), "(Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song" (1975), "Don't Worry Baby" (1977), and "Whatever Happened to Old-Fashioned Love" (1983).

In 2014, "Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.
Sponge spicule
Spicules are structural elements found in most sponges. The meshing of many spicules serves as the sponge's skeleton and thus it provides structural support and potentially defense against predators.

Sponge spicules are made of calcium carbonate or silica. Large spicules visible to the naked eye are referred to as megascleres or macroscleres, while smaller, microscopic ones are termed microscleres. The composition, size, and shape of spicules are major characters in sponge systematics and taxonomy.

Calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CaCO3. It is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite, most notably in chalk and limestone, eggshells, gastropod shells, shellfish skeletons and pearls. Materials containing much calcium carbonate or resembling it are described as calcareous. Calcium carbonate is the active ingredient in agricultural lime.  Limescale is calcium carbonate produced when calcium ions in hard water react with carbonate ions. Calcium carbonate has medical use as a calcium supplement or as an antacid, but excessive consumption can be hazardous and cause hypercalcemia and digestive issues.
2018 Korea Masters
The 2018 Korea Masters (officially known as Victor Korea Masters 2018 for sponsorship reasons) was a badminton tournament which took place at Gwangju Women's University Stadium in South Korea from 27 November to 2 December 2018 and had a total prize of $250,000 (₩282,744,600).

Gwangju
Gwangju (Korean: 광주; Korean: [kwaŋ.dʑu] ⓘ), formerly romanized as Kwangju, is South Korea's sixth-largest metropolis. It is a designated metropolitan city under the direct control of the central government's Home Minister. The city was also the capital of South Jeolla Province until its promotion to a metropolitan city in 2005, upon which the provincial office moved to the southern village of Namak in Muan County.

Its name is composed of the words gwang (Korean: 광; Hanja: 光) meaning "light" and ju (주; 州) meaning "province". Gwangju was historically recorded as Muju (무주; 武州), in which "Silla merged all of the land to establish the provinces of Gwangju, Ungju, Jeonju, Muju and various counties, plus the southern boundary of Goguryeo and the ancient territories of Silla" in the Samguk sagi. In the heart of the agricultural Jeolla region, the city is also famous for its rich and diverse cuisine.
Abu Zaki
Abu Zaki (Berber: ⴰⴱⵓ ⵣⴰⴽⵉ) also known as Tammam ibn Mu'arik Abu Zaki Al-Ikjani Al-Kutami, was a Berber Fatimid ruler, Da'i, and military commander from the Kutama tribe. He is considered one of the political and religious founders of the nascent Fatimid Empire in 893 CE, and among the founding leaders of the Fatimid army. Abu Zaki was the first to receive and join Abu Abd Allah, believing in the da'wa in Ikjan, and was his official successor. He assumed the rule of Ifriqiya in 909 before the arrival of al-Mahdi. He led the Fatimid army in several campaigns during the Fatimid conquest of Ifriqiya and was the one who suppressed the Tripoli revolt.

Da'i
A da'i (Arabic: داعي, romanized: dāʿī, lit. 'inviter, caller', [ˈdæːʕi(ː)]) is generally someone who engages in Dawah, the act of inviting people to Islam.

Dāʿī the inviter or summoner, i.e. the one who invites to true religion, as God says: "And as a summoner unto Allah by His permission, and as a luminous lamp" (33:46).

In this verse the Prophet is called da'i because he himself used to do Dawah and others used to do it under his supervision. In the time of the Prophet there were definitely Dāʿī's to invite on his behalf, for the main function of Prophethood and Dawah is carried on under his supervision.
Outline of classical studies
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to classical studies:

Classical studies (Classics for short) – earliest branch of the humanities, which covers the languages, literature, history, art, and other cultural aspects of the ancient Mediterranean world.  The field focuses primarily on, but is not limited to, Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome during classical antiquity, the era spanning from the late Bronze Age of Ancient Greece during the Minoan and Mycenaean periods (c. 1600–1100 BC) through the period known as Late Antiquity to the fall of the Western Roman Empire, c. 500 AD. The word classics is also used to refer to the literature of the period.

Ancient art
Ancient art refers to the many types of art produced by the advanced cultures of ancient societies with different forms of writing, such as those of China, India, Mesopotamia, Persia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. The art of pre-literate societies is normally referred to as prehistoric art and is not covered by the scope of the ancient era. Furthermore, although some pre-Columbian cultures developed writing in the centuries preceding the European discovery of the Americas, these advancements are, on grounds of dating, largely covered with the dedicated topic of pre-Columbian art and associated sub-topics, such as Maya art, Aztec art, and Olmec art.
12th Venice International Film Festival
The 12th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 20 August to 10 September 1951.

Italian film critic Mario Gromo, was the jury president for the main competition. The Golden Lion of Saint Mark was awarded to Rashomon by Akira Kurosawa.

Golden Lion
The Golden Lion (Italian: Leone d'oro) is the highest prize given to a film at the Venice Film Festival. The prize was introduced in 1949 by the organizing committee and is widely regarded as one of the film industry's most prestigious and distinguished prizes. In 1970, the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement was introduced, an honorary prize for people who have made an important contribution to cinema.

The prize was introduced in 1949 as the Golden Lion of Saint Mark, which was one of the best known symbols of the ancient Republic of Venice. In 1954, the prize was permanently named the Golden Lion.
Elijah Abina
Elijah Oludele Abina Listenⓘ(born 16 June 1935) is a Nigerian pastor and the General Overseer of The Gospel Faith Mission International (GOFAMINT) and one of the founding fathers of the Pentecostal Fellowship of Nigeria (PFN).

The Gospel Faith Mission International
The Gospel Faith Mission International (GOFAMINT) is a Christian denomination from Nigeria founded by Reuben Akinwalere George in Iwaya Yaba circa 1955.

The Gospel Faith Mission International is present in numerous countries, such as Britain since 1983 and the United States since 1985.

GOFAMINT's International Office is situated at Gospel City; Kilometer 40, Lagos/Ibadan Expressway, Aseese, Ogun State. The National Office is at International Gospel Centre, Ojoo, Oyo Road, Ibadan, Oyo State.
Ilarion Roganović
Ilarion Roganović (Serbian Cyrillic: Иларион Рогановић; 12 July 1828 – 15 January 1882) was the Metropolitan of Montenegro and the Highlands from 1860 to 1882. Earlier, he was also the archimandrite of the Ždrebaonik, Ostrog and Cetinje Monasteries. He is remembered as the founder of the Committee of the Red Cross of Montenegro.

Archimandrite
The title archimandrite (/ˌɑːrkɪˈmændraɪt/; Greek: ἀρχιμανδρίτης, romanized: archimandritēs), used in Eastern Christianity, originally referred to a superior abbot (hegumenos, Greek: ἡγούμενος, present participle of the verb meaning "to lead") whom a bishop appointed to supervise several "ordinary" abbots and monasteries, or as the abbot of some especially great and important monastery, but nowadays it is most often used purely as a title of honor (with no connection to any actual monastery) and is bestowed on a hieromonk as a mark of respect or gratitude for service to the Church.

This title is only given to those priests who have been tonsured monks, while distinguished non-monastic (typically married) priests would be given the title of protopresbyter. In history, some women were able to obtain that title, notably when cross-dressing as male monks, such as Susanna the Deaconess.
Northern death adder
The northern death adder (Acanthophis praelongus) is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae.

The northern death adder lives in Australia and Papua New Guinea. It hunts birds, amphibians, and small mammals both by day and night. Though it resembles a viper, it belongs to the elapid family, which also includes cobras and mambas.

Elapidae
Elapidae (/əˈlæpədiː/, commonly known as elapids /ˈɛləpɪdz/, from Ancient Greek: ἔλαψ élaps, variant of ἔλλοψ éllops "sea-fish") is a family of snakes characterized by their permanently erect fangs at the front of the mouth. Most elapids are venomous, with the exception of the genus Emydocephalus. Many members of this family exhibit a threat display of rearing upwards while spreading out a neck flap. Elapids are endemic to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with terrestrial forms in Asia, Australia, Africa, and the Americas and marine forms in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Members of the family have a wide range of sizes, from the 18 cm (7.1 in) white-lipped snake to the 5.85 m (19 ft 2 in) king cobra. Most species have neurotoxic venom that is channeled by their hollow fangs, and some may contain other toxic components in varying proportions. The family includes 55 genera with around 360 species and over 170 subspecies.
Bahman Motamedian
Bahman Motamedian (Persian: بهمن معتمدیان; born 2 July) is an Iranian filmmaker, photographer, writer and script writer. He was born in Tehran, Iran. Motamedian belongs to the so-called "new wave" of Iranian cinema. 
Bahman Motamedian is also has been involved in over twenty works, including shorts film, documentaries film, video art and theater.
Motamedian made his first feature film, titled "Khastegi" ("Sex My Life" aka "Tedium") in 2008. "Khastegi" (Sex My Life) was shown in the official selection of 65th Venice International Film Festival as the "surprise film" in 2008.

Cinema of Iran
The cinema of Iran (Persian: سینمای ایران), or of Persia, refers to the film industry in Iran. In particular, Iranian art films have garnered international recognition. Iranian films are usually written and spoken in the Persian language. Iran has been lauded as one of the best exporters of cinema in the 1990s. Some critics now rank Iran as the world's most important national cinema, artistically, with a significance that invites comparison to Italian neorealism and similar movements in past decades. A range of international film festivals have honoured Iranian cinema in the last twenty years.

Many film critics from around the world have praised Iranian cinema as one of the world's most important artistic cinemas.
Volker Lechtenbrink
Volker Lechtenbrink (18 August 1944 – 22 November 2021) was a German actor on stage, in film and television, a singer-songwriter, dubbing artist, stage director and theatre manager. He played in the anti-war movie The Bridge in 1959 at age 14. He appeared in popular television series including Der Kommissar, Der Alte and Tatort. Lechtenbrink was stage director at the Ernst Deutsch Theater in Hamburg, and intendant of the Bad Hersfelder Festspiele.

Theater manager
A theater manager, also called a general manager, managing director, or intendant (British English), is the administrator of a theater. They often also have the responsibilities of an artistic director but in any case oversee all administrative, marketing, production, and financial functions of their theater. They often report to a board and must have excellent communication skills, the ability to work independently, and strong organizational capacity.  They also typically have prior training or experience in one of the art forms and have experience working in professional productions in some capacity. They must also have experience with budget creation and management, planning, budgeting/financial tracking, contract management, accounting, and schedule tracking.
1928 KLM Fokker F.III Waalhaven crash
On 24 July 1928, a KLM-owned Fokker F.III  operated a scheduled passenger sightseeing flight from and back to Waalhaven Airport in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The plane with the pilot and five passengers on board stalled shortly after takeoff and crashed after it struck boats in the Waalhaven harbour next to the airport. One passenger died after not all passengers could be saved in time while the airplane sank.

The pilot wasn’t properly trained for this older type of aircraft. The passengers weren’t aware of the emergency hatch, and all could have survived had they used this emergency exit. It was suggested to tell passengers before the flight where the emergency exit is located, which is nowadays one of the mandatory parts of the pre-flight safety demonstration. Better visibility inside the cabin of the emergency exit was also advised. The accident also resulted in better procedures by which pilots are assigned to fly certain aircraft types.

Waalhaven
The Waalhaven is a harbour in Rotterdam, Netherlands. It is one of the excavated harbors on the south bank of the Meuse river in Rotterdam. With an area of 3.1 square kilometers, it is one of the larger dug harbor basins in the world.

The harbour area includes an industrial zone focusing on maritime, industrial and logistics industries. The port additionally offers offshore power and energy solutions for vessels, as well as a dedicated data center.
Arthabaska County, Quebec
Arthabaska County (French: Comté d'Arthabaska, pronounced [kɔ̃te daʁtabaska]) is an historical county founded in 1855 in central Quebec, Canada. Its county seat was Arthabaska and the main city was Victoriaville. It was bounded on the northeast by Mégantic County on the southeast Wolfe County, on the southwest by Drummond County and Richmond County and on the northwest by Nicolet County.
It was formed from the townships of Warwick, Standold, Arthabaska, Chester-Est, Chester-Ouest and Tingwick, as well as part of the townships of Maddington, Blandford, Horton, Bulstrode, Simpson, and Aston.

In the early 1980s Quebec's counties were abolished and most of Arthabaska County became the Arthabaska Regional County Municipality. The northeastern part of the county was transferred to L'Érable Regional County Municipality.

The name of the county comes from the name of the township of Arthabaska, itself originating from the Cree language, in which it means "where there are reeds".

Victoriaville
Victoriaville (French pronunciation: [viktɔʁjavil]) is a town in south-central Quebec, Canada, on the Nicolet River. Victoriaville is the seat of Arthabaska Regional County Municipality and a part of the Centre-du-Québec (Bois-Francs) region. It is formed by the 1993 merger of Arthabaska, Saint-Victoire-d'Arthabaska and Victoriaville, the name of the last being used for the merged town.
Elizabeth Cairns (rugby union)
Elizabeth Cairns (born October 23, 1992) is an American rugby union player. She made her international debut for the United States in June 2015 against England.

Cairns was named in the Eagles squad for the 2019 Women’s Rugby Super Series.

Cairns came off the bench and scored a try in their Autumn International against Ireland in 2021. She later featured in their 89–0 trouncing by England.

Cairns was named in the Eagles squad for the 2022 Pacific Four Series in New Zealand. She started against the Wallaroos in their 16–14 win in Auckland. She was named in the starting line-up against the Black Ferns in Whangārei. She was selected in the Eagles squad for the 2021 Rugby World Cup in New Zealand.

United States women's national rugby union team
The USA Women's national rugby union team, nicknamed the Women's Eagles, represents the United States in women's international rugby union. The team was officially formed in 1987 and is nicknamed the Eagles.

An international powerhouse during the 1990s— the Eagles won the inaugural 1991 Women's World Cup and finished second in the two following World Cups in 1994 and 1998. The team finished fourth at the 2017 Rugby World Cup in Ireland.

In May 2018, Rob Cain was appointed full-time Head Coach. Cain joined the Eagles after winning the inaugural Tyrell Premier 15s title in England with Saracens Women.
Ralph Brown
Ralph William John Brown (born 18 June 1957) is an English actor and writer, known for playing Danny the drug dealer in Withnail and I, the security guard Aaron (a.k.a. "85") in Alien 3, DJ Bob Silver in The Boat That Rocked aka Pirate Radio, super-roadie Del Preston in Wayne's World 2, the pilot Ric Olié in Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace, President Lyndon Johnson in Godfather of Harlem and Henry Clinton in Turn: Washington's Spies. He won the Samuel Beckett Award for his first play Sanctuary written for Joint Stock Theatre Company in 1987, and the Raindance and Sapporo Film Festival awards for his first screenplay for the British film New Year's Day in 2001.

Henry Clinton (British Army officer, born 1730)
General Sir Henry Clinton, KB (16 April 1730 – 23 December 1795) was a British Army officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons of Great Britain between 1772 and 1795. He is best known for his service as a general during the American War of Independence. He arrived in Boston in May 1775 and was the British Commander-in-Chief in America from 1778 to 1782. He was a Member of Parliament for many years due to the influence of his cousin Henry Pelham-Clinton, 2nd Duke of Newcastle. Late in life, he was named Governor of Gibraltar, but he died before assuming the post.
Margarida Blasco
Maria Margarida Blasco Martins Augusto (born 25 July 1956) is a Portuguese judge and politician. She was Minister of Internal Administration from 2024 until 2025, in the XXIV Constitutional Government, led by Luís Montenegro.

Before her ministerial appointment, Blasco served as General Director of the Security Information Service from 2004 to 2005 and was Inspector General of the Internal Administration from 2012 to 2019. Between 2019 and 2021, she was a member of the Supreme Court of Justice, retiring in 2021.

Ministry of Home Affairs (Portugal)
The Ministry of Home Affairs, is the Portuguese government ministry responsible for public security, civil defense, electoral administration, road traffic safety, and immigration and refugee affairs.

Currently, its responsibilities are temporarily held by Prime Minister Luís Montenegro, after Maria Lúcia Amaral resigned in February 2026, in the wake of Storm Kristin.
Oliver Russell, 2nd Baron Ampthill
Arthur Oliver Villiers Russell, 2nd Baron Ampthill, GCSI GCIE (19 February 1869 – 7 July 1935) was a British peer and civil servant. He served as Governor of Madras from October 1900 to February 1906, and as acting Viceroy of India from April to December 1904.

Russell served as the Assistant Private Secretary to Joseph Chamberlain from 1895 -1897, and as Private Secretary to the same from 1897 to 1900, when he was appointed Governor of Madras. Russell also served as the Viceroy of India from April 1904 to December 1904, when Lord Curzon periodically returned to England.

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
The Beach Boys live performances
The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961. Since then, the band has undergone many variations in composition, with representation by fill-ins onstage. As of 2025, the only principal members included in the Beach Boys' touring band are co-founder Mike Love and 1965 addition Bruce Johnston.

In 1998, Love sought authorization through the Beach Boys' corporation, Brother Records Inc. (BRI) to tour as "The Beach Boys" and secured the necessary license. Even though Brian Wilson and Al Jardine did not tour with Love and Johnston's band since their one-off 2012 reunion tour, they remained a part of BRI and toured separately from Love and Johnston.  (Brian died in 2025, with control of his share of BRI passing to his estate.  Jardine remains active as a solo artist.)

Brother Records
Brother Records, Inc. (BRI) is an American holding company and record label established in 1966 that owns the intellectual property rights of the Beach Boys, including "The Beach Boys" trademark. It was founded by brothers Brian, Carl and Dennis Wilson, and their cousin Mike Love. As of 2025, the corporation was equally owned by four shareholders and directors: Mike Love, Al Jardine and the estates of Brian and Carl Wilson.