hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Residual income valuation
Residual income valuation (RIV; also, residual income model and residual income method, RIM) is an approach to equity valuation that formally accounts for the cost of equity capital.  Here, "residual" means in excess of any opportunity costs measured relative to the book value of shareholders' equity; residual income (RI) is then the income generated by a firm after accounting for the true cost of capital. The approach is largely analogous to the EVA/MVA based approach, with similar logic and advantages. Residual Income valuation has its origins in Edwards & Bell (1961), Peasnell (1982), and Ohlson (1995).

Equity (finance)
In finance, equity is an ownership interest in property that may be subject to debts or other liabilities. Equity is measured for accounting purposes by subtracting liabilities from the value of the assets owned. For example, if someone owns a car worth $24,000 and owes $10,000 on the loan used to buy the car, the difference of $14,000 is equity. Equity can apply to a single asset, such as a car or house, or to an entire business. A business that needs to start up or expand its operations can sell its equity in order to raise cash that does not have to be repaid on a set schedule.

When liabilities attached to an asset exceed its value, the difference is called a deficit and the asset is informally said to be "underwater" or "upside-down". In government finance or other non-profit settings, equity is known as "net position" or "net assets".
Rashtriya Indian Military College
The Rashtriya Indian Military College (abbreviated RIMC; founded as the Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College) is a military school for boys and girls situated in Doon Valley, Dehradun in India. The RIMC is a feeder institution for the National Defence Academy, Indian Naval Academy and subsequently the Indian Armed Forces. Rimcollians, the name by which alumni of the RIMC are usually denoted, have gone on to hold the highest ranks in the Army, Navy and the Air Force of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.

Indian Naval Academy
The Indian Naval Academy (INA or INA Ezhimala) is the defence service training establishment for officer cadre of the Indian Navy and the Indian Coast Guard, located in Ezhimala, Kannur district, Kerala. Situated between Ezhimala hill and the Kavvayi backwaters, INA has a 7 kilometre beach front on the Laccadive Sea. It conducts basic training for all officers inducted into the Indian Navy and Indian Coast Guard. It is Asia's largest, and the world's third-largest, naval academy.

The Naval Academy (NAVAC) was established in May 1969 and training of Orientation courses commenced in Aug 2005, while it was formally inaugurated on 8 January 2009 and the name changed to Indian Naval Academy. It shares the 2,452 acre (9.92 km2) site with the naval base depot, INS Zamorin, and the naval hospital, INHS Navjivani.

The President's Colour was awarded to INA on 20 November 2019. The President’s Colour is the highest honour that is bestowed upon a military unit.
Murong Yanchao
Murong Yanchao (Chinese: 慕容彥超) (died June 15, 952), known at one point as Yan Kunlun (閻崑崙), was a Chinese general of the Later Tang, Later Jin, and Later Han dynasties. As a half-brother of the Later Han founding emperor Liu Zhiyuan (Emperor Gaozu), he was particularly prominent in the Later Han dynasty. After the Later Han throne was seized by the general Guo Wei, who founded the Later Zhou dynasty, Murong initially submitted to Guo but then rebelled. His rebellion was quickly suppressed, and he committed suicide.

Later Zhou
Zhou, known as the Later Zhou (/dʒoʊ/; simplified Chinese: 后周; traditional Chinese: 後周; pinyin: Hòu Zhōu) in historiography, was a short-lived Chinese imperial dynasty and the last of the Five Dynasties that controlled most of northern China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. Founded by Guo Wei (Emperor Taizu), it was preceded by the Later Han dynasty and succeeded by the Northern Song dynasty.
Burnt Oak
Burnt Oak is a suburb of London, England, located 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Charing Cross. It lies to the west of the M1 motorway between Edgware and Colindale, located predominantly in the London Borough of Barnet, with parts in the London Boroughs of Brent and Harrow. It was part of Middlesex until it was transferred to Greater London in 1965.

Mill Hill
Mill Hill is a suburb in the London Borough of Barnet, England. It is situated around 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Charing Cross, close to the Hertfordshire border. It was in the historic county of Middlesex until 1965, when it became part of Greater London. Its population was 18,451 in 2011.

It consists of the original Mill Hill Village; the later-developed Mill Hill Broadway (now the area's main hub); and Mill Hill East, alongside large swathes of countryside. A further area at the western edge of the suburb, The Hale, is on the borders of Mill Hill and Edgware, and is partly in each.
Boulder Canyon (Colorado River)
Boulder Canyon, originally Devils Gate Canyon, is a canyon on the Colorado River, above Hoover Dam, now flooded by Lake Mead. It lies between Clark County, Nevada and Mohave County, Arizona. It heads at western end of the Virgin River Basin of Lake Mead, at about 36°09′05″N 114°32′51″W﻿ / ﻿36.15139°N 114.54750°W﻿ / 36.15139; -114.54750.
Boulder Canyon divides the Black Mountains into the Black Mountains of Arizona, and the Black Mountains of Nevada. Its mouth is now under the eastern end of the Boulder Basin of Lake Mead, between Canyon Point in Nevada and Canyon Ridge in Arizona. Its original mouth is now underneath Lake Mead between Beacon Rock and Fortification Ridge on the southern shore in Arizona.

Virgin River
The Virgin River is a tributary of the Colorado River in the U.S. states of Utah, Nevada, and Arizona. The river is about 162 miles (261 km) long. It was designated Utah's first wild and scenic river in 2009, during the centennial celebration of Zion National Park.
Martin Geck
Martin Geck (19 March 1936 – 22 November 2019) was a German musicologist. He taught at the Technical University of Dortmund. His publications concerned a number of major composers. Among the composers in whom he specialised was Johann Sebastian Bach.

Technical University of Dortmund
Technical University of Dortmund (German: Technische Universität Dortmund) is a technical university in Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany with over 35,000 students, and over 6,000 staff including 300 professors, offering around 80 Bachelor's and master's degree programs. It is situated in the Ruhr area, the fourth largest urban area in Europe. The university pioneered the Internet in Germany, and contributed to machine learning (in particular, to support-vector machines, and RapidMiner).
Simon Kaloa Kaʻai
Simon Kaloa Kaʻai (died March 22, 1884) was a politician who served many political posts in the Kingdom of Hawaii. He served multiple terms as a legislator from the island of Hawaii, Minister of Finance from 1878 to 1880 and from 1882 to 1883 and Minister of the Interior in 1882.

Ministry of the Interior (Hawaii)
The Minister of the Interior (Hawaiian: Kuhina Kalaianaina) was a powerful office in the Kingdom of Hawaii, the Provisional Government of Hawaii and the Republic of Hawaii from 1845 to 1900. It made up one of the four offices of the monarchical or presidential cabinet which advised the Head of State of Hawaii on executive affairs. During the monarchy, ministers were also ex-officio members of the Privy Council and the House of Nobles in the legislature. During the republic, ministers were ex-officio members of both houses of the legislature. The head of state had the power to appoint the ministers but later Hawaiian constitutions limited the power the head of state had in removing the cabinet ministers by requiring a vote of no confidence from a majority of the elective members of the legislature. All acts of the head of state had to be countersigned by a minister.
Electrocatalyst
An electrocatalyst is a catalyst that participates in electrochemical reactions. Electrocatalysts are a specific form of catalysts that function at electrode surfaces or, most commonly, may be the electrode surface itself. An electrocatalyst can be heterogeneous such as a platinized electrode.  Homogeneous electrocatalysts, which are soluble, assist in transferring electrons between the electrode and reactants, and/or facilitate an intermediate chemical transformation described by an overall half reaction. Major challenges in electrocatalysts focus on fuel cells.

Platinum black
Platinum black (Pt black) is a fine powder of platinum with good catalytic properties. The name of platinum black is due to its black color. It is used in many ways; as a thin film electrode, a fuel cell membrane catalyst, or as a catalytic ignition of flammable gases for "self-lighting" gas lamps, ovens, and stove burners.
Khalid Abu Bakar
Khalid bin Abu Bakar (born 5 September 1957) is a retired Malaysian police officer who served as the 10th Inspector-General of Police of Malaysia (IGP), succeeding Ismail Omar. He retired as IGP on 4 September 2017 and was succeeded by Mohamad Fuzi Harun. A day after he retired from the police, Khalid was appointed chairman of Prasarana Malaysia by the Prime Minister of Malaysia, Najib Razak.

Shortly after the fall of Najib Razak's administration in the May 2018 Malaysian general election, Khalid was put on a foreign-travel ban blacklist by the new administration, together with 11 others, in relation to investigations into the 1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal. And on 17 July 2018, Khalid resigned as chairman of Prasarana Malaysia without citing any reason. He's now become film executive producer for Multimedia Entertainment.

Prime Minister of Malaysia
The prime minister of Malaysia (Malay: Perdana Menteri Malaysia; Jawi: ڤردان منتري مليسيا‎) is the head of government of Malaysia. The prime minister directs the executive branch of the federal government. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong appoints the prime minister who is a member of Parliament (MP) who, in his opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs. The prime minister is usually the leader of the party winning the most seats in a general election.

After the formation of Malaysia on 16 September 1963, Tunku Abdul Rahman, whom was the chief minister of the Federation of Malaya at the time, became the first prime minister of Malaysia.

The current prime minister is Anwar Ibrahim, who was elected in the 2022 Malaysian general election.
Bay Area Panthers
The Bay Area Panthers are a professional indoor football team based in San Jose, California, that competes in the Indoor Football League (IFL). The team was to begin play in 2020 at Oakland Arena as the Oakland Panthers. Due the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Panthers' inaugural season was canceled, and the team withdrew from the following 2021 season. Prior to the 2022 season, the Panthers announced they would instead play their home games at SAP Center in San Jose and were renamed after the Bay Area.

The Panthers are co-owned by Oakland native and NFL All-Pro running back, Marshawn Lynch, and by Roy Choi, who previously owned the IFL's Cedar Rapids River Kings and San Diego Strike Force. The Panthers are the Bay Area's first arena/indoor football team since the San Jose SaberCats, who played in the Arena Football League from 1995 until 2008, and again from 2011 until 2015, winning four ArenaBowl championships.

San Diego Strike Force
The San Diego Strike Force are a professional indoor football team based in San Diego County, California, that competes in the Indoor Football League (IFL). The team plays its home games at Frontwave Arena. The Strike Force began play in the 2019 season.
Bredbandsbolaget
Bredbandsbolaget (The Broadband Company, abbreviated BBB, B2 or BB) was a Swedish Internet service provider (ISP) owned by Telenor. It was founded in 1998 with a focus on high-speed Internet connection for homes and businesses using optical fiber. It was the second largest ISP in Sweden in 2003. It was acquired by Norwegian telecom company Telenor in 2005.

On 15 May 2018 it merged into its parent company Telenor Sverige.

Telenor
Telenor ASA (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈtêːlənuːr] or [tɛləˈnuːr]) is a Norwegian majority state-owned multinational telecommunications company headquartered at Fornebu in Bærum, close to Oslo. It is one of the world's largest mobile telecommunications companies with operations worldwide, but focused in Scandinavia and Asia. It has extensive broadband and TV distribution operations in four Nordic countries, and a 10-year-old research and business line for machine-to-machine technology. Telenor owns networks in 8 countries.

Telenor is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange and had a market capitalization in November 2015 of kr 225 billion, making it the third largest company listed on the OSE after DNB and Equinor (previously known as Statoil).
J. Ross Robertson Cup (senior ice hockey)
The J. Ross Robertson Cup is a Canadian ice hockey trophy. It is awarded annually in senior ice hockey to the champion of Allan Cup Hockey by the Ontario Hockey Association (OHA). It was donated by John Ross Robertson in 1899, and is the first of three similarly named trophies he established. His other eponymous trophies for the OHA include, the J. Ross Robertson Cup awarded to the annual champions of the junior division, and the J. Ross Robertson Cup which was formerly awarded to the annual champions of the intermediate division.

Senior ice hockey
Senior hockey refers to amateur or semi-professional ice hockey competition. There are no age restrictions for Senior players, who typically consist of those whose Junior eligibility has expired.

Most senior hockey leagues operate under the jurisdiction of Hockey Canada or USA Hockey. They are not affiliated in any way with professional hockey leagues. Many former professional players play Senior hockey after their pro careers are over. The top Senior teams in Canada (Senior AAA) compete annually for the Allan Cup.
Vyner Street
Vyner Street is a cobblestone canal-side walkway in Bethnal Green in the East End of London, England. It was once called John Street in the 1830s. The street is known for its street art and for its galleries.

Regent's Canal
Regent's Canal is a canal across an area just north of central London, England. It provides a link from the Paddington Arm of the Grand Union Canal, 550 yards (500 m) north-west of Paddington Basin in the west, to the Limehouse Basin and the River Thames in east London. The canal is 8.6 miles (13.8 km) long.
Rodrigo Holgado
Rodrigo Julián Holgado (born 28 June 1995) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a forward for Chilean club Coquimbo Unido on loan from Colombian club América de Cali. He played for the Malaysia national team twice and was suspended from all football related activities after being sanctioned by FIFA in September 2025 for forging documents related to his Malaysian ancestry; however, Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) issued provisional measures on 26 January 2026 to suspend (stay, in legal terms) the sanction until a final CAS decision is rendered.

Court of Arbitration for Sport
The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS; French: Tribunal arbitral du sport, TAS) is an international body established in 1984 to settle disputes related to sport through arbitration. Its headquarters are in Lausanne, Switzerland, and its courts are located in New York City, Sydney, and Lausanne. Temporary courts are established in current Olympic host cities.

The International Council of Arbitration for Sport (ICAS) was established simultaneously, and a single president presides over both bodies. The ICAS, which has a membership of 20 individuals, is responsible for the financing of and financial reporting by the CAS, and it appoints the Director-General of the CAS.
Antonios Vlontakis
Antonios "Antonis" Vlontakis (born 10 October 1975) is a retired Greek water polo player. A long-standing member of the Greece national water polo team, Vlontakis competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics (10th place), the 2004 Summer Olympics (4th place), and the 2008 Summer Olympics (7th place). He was part of the Greece men's national water polo team that won the Bronze Medal in the 2005 World Championship in Montreal and the Bronze Medal in the 2004 World League in Long Beach.

Vlontakis started his career at NO Chania and in 1997 he moved to Olympiacos where he had a successful career (1997–2002, 2009–2011), winning 1 LEN Champions League (2002), 5 Greek Championships (1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2010), 4 Greek Cups (1998, 2001, 2002, 2010) and 2 Greek Supercups (1997, 1998). He was a key player of the Olympiacos team that won the 2002 Triple Crown (LEN Champions League, Greek Championship, Greek Cup).

2004 FINA Men's Water Polo World League
The 2004 FINA Men's Water Polo World League was the third edition of the annual event, organised by the world's governing body in aquatics, the FINA. After a preliminary round, the Super Final was held in Long Beach, United States.
Sümeyra Kaya
Sümeyra Kaya-Yazıcı, née Kaya, is a European champion Turkish female boxer competing in the flyweight division. She is a member of the Fenerbahçe Boxing club in Istanbul, Turkey.

She was silver medalist at the 2005 Women's World Amateur Boxing Championships held in Podolsk, Russia. In 2007, she became European champion in Vejle, Denmark. In addition, she holds diverse medals in European and European Union championships.

2007 Women's European Amateur Boxing Championships
The 6th Women's European Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Vejle, Denmark from October 15 to 20, 2007.
This edition of the recurring competition was organised by the European governing body for amateur boxing, EABA.
Competitions took place in 13 weight classes.

Russia topped the medals table (as they had done in the five previous editions of these championships) winning 6 gold medals — no other country won more than 1. Nicola Adams became the first English woman to win a medal at a major international championship, while Ireland's Katie Taylor won her division for the third successive time.
Peeping Fawn
Peeping Fawn (foaled January 15, 2004 in Kentucky) is a Champion Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse. Unraced as a two-year-old, it took her four tries to break her maiden at age three. Her form then rapidly improved, reflected by a third-place finish in the Irish 1,000 Guineas and a second in The Oaks, followed by four consecutive Group One wins – the Pretty Polly, Irish Oaks, Nassau and Yorkshire Oaks. She was named the Cartier Champion Three-year-old Filly of 2007.

Nassau Stakes
The Nassau Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at Goodwood over a distance of 1 mile, 1 furlong and 197 yards (1,991 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late July or early August.
Roy Galido
Roy Mabagos Galido is a Philippine Army officer who served as the 66th Commanding General of the Philippine Army (CGPA) and held the position from 7 August 2023 to 31 July 2025. Prior to his appointment as the CGPA, Galido's previous commands include the Western Mindanao Command, the 6th Infantry (Kampilan) Division and the 601st Infantry (Unifier) Brigade.

Chief of the Army (Philippines)
The Commanding General of the Philippine Army (CGPA) is the overall commander and highest ranking officer commissioned to serve in the Philippine Army. The position concurrently holds the three-star rank of lieutenant general.

The commanding general is appointed by the president of the Philippines and confirmed by the Commission on Appointments. In the military chain of command, the CGPA directly reports to the chief of staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
Dabbu
Prasenjit Ghosal (born 2 December 1979), known professionally as Dabbu, (Bengali: ডাব্বু) is a music composer based in Mumbai.
He workes as a music composer in Mumbai and Kolkata. He has closely worked with film production company SVF and has composed several Bengali films songs which have been sung by artists including Arijit Singh, Armaan malik, Papon, Anupam Roy, and Shaan.

Shree Venkatesh Films
SVF Entertainment Pvt. Ltd.  is an Indian film production and distribution company, founded by Shrikant Mohta and Mahendra Soni in 1995. Apart from producing and distributing Bengali films in West Bengal, Bangladesh, Assam and Tripura, SVF also distributes Bollywood and Hollywood films in East India. The other divisions of the company include Exhibition, TV Content Production, Digital Cinema, Music, New Media and IPR syndication. SVF was in Anandabazar Patrika's powerlist for 2008 and 2010.
Harborough FM
Harborough FM (HFM) is a community radio station in Market Harborough, Leicestershire, England. The station broadcasts to south Leicestershire and North Northamptonshire.

HFM was originally formed in November 1994. Between 1994 and 2004, the station carried out eleven successful broadcasts, the last one being in June 2004. These broadcasts were made under the Radio Authority's "Restricted Service Licence" scheme which allowed the station to broadcast for a maximum period of 28 days.

Ofcom
The Office of Communications (Ofcom) is the government-approved regulatory and competition authority for the broadcasting, internet, telecommunications and postal industries of the United Kingdom.

Ofcom has wide-ranging powers across the television, radio, telecoms, internet and postal sectors. It has a statutory duty to represent the interests of citizens and consumers by promoting competition and protecting the public from harmful or offensive material.

Some of the main areas Ofcom regulates are TV and radio standards, broadband and phones, video-sharing platforms online, the wireless spectrum and postal services.

The regulator was initially established by the Office of Communications Act 2002 (c. 11) and received its full authority from the Communications Act 2003 (c. 21).
Yelü Lübugu
Yelü Lübugu (Chinese: 耶律呂不古) or known by the title Princess of Yan State (Chinese: 燕国公主), was a Liao dynasty princess and the first daughter of Emperor Taizong of Liao. She then married Prime Minister Xiao Siwen and bore him the three Xiao Sisters (Xiao Hunian, Lady Xiao and Xiao Yanyan). However, she died from her illness. Her youngest daughter Xiao Yanyan married with Yelü Xian and in 969 and become the Liao empress. The Xiao family was the consort kin of the Liao dynasty, all future empresses and imperial brides originating from this faction.

Emperor Jingzong of Liao
Emperor Jingzong of Liao (1 September 948 – 13 October 982), personal name Yelü Xian, courtesy name Xianning, was the fifth emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China. He improved government efficiency and reduced corruption. He was known for going to war with the Northern Song dynasty. He died during a hunting trip and his wife later served as regent over his still 11-year-old son, the later Emperor Shengzong.
Lithierry Silva
Lithierry da Silva Neves (Arabic: ليذييري سيلفا; born 14 May 2001), simply known as Litherry, is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for UAE Pro League club Ajman. Born in Brazil, he plays for the United Arab Emirates national team.

Ajman Club
Ajman Sports Club (Arabic: نادي عجمان), commonly known as Ajman Club, is an Emirati professional football club based in Ajman. In 2015, Ajman was relegated to the second division, but managed to climb back to the top flight in 2017.