hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Garra
Garra is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae. These fish are one example of the "log suckers", sucker-mouthed barbs and other cyprinids commonly kept in aquaria to keep down algae. The doctor fish of Anatolia and the Middle East belongs in this genus. The majority of the more than 160 species of garras are native to Asia, but about one-fifth of the species are from Africa (East, Middle and West, but by far the highest species richness in Ethiopia).

Red garra
The red garra (Garra rufa), also known as the doctor fish or nibble fish, is a species of cyprinid native to a wide range of freshwater habitats in subtropical parts of Western Asia. This small fish typically is up to about 14 cm (5.5 in) in total length, but some individuals can reach as much as 24 cm (9.5 in).

In the wild, G. rufa feeds on detritus, algae, and tiny animals (arthropods and other zooplankton).
Percy Jewson
Percy William Jewson (16 February 1881 – 18 April 1962) was an English businessman and National Liberal politician from Norwich. He sat in the House of Commons from 1941 to 1945 as MP for Great Yarmouth.

Great Yarmouth (UK Parliament constituency)
Great Yarmouth is a constituency in Norfolk represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Rupert Lowe.
Elected for Reform UK, Lowe had the whip suspended in March 2025 following allegations of bullying and allegations of threats of physical violence against Reform UK party chairman Zia Yusuf. He currently sits as an independent.
Toots Hibbert
Frederick Nathaniel "Toots" Hibbert, OJ (8 December 1942 – 11 September 2020) was a Jamaican singer and songwriter who was the lead vocalist for the reggae and ska band Toots and the Maytals. A reggae pioneer, he performed for six decades and helped establish some of the fundamentals of reggae music. Hibbert's 1968 song "Do the Reggay" is widely credited as the genesis of the genre name reggae. His band's album True Love won a Grammy Award in 2005.

Order of Jamaica
The Order of Jamaica is the fifth of the six orders in the Jamaican honours system. The Order was established in 1969, and it is considered the equivalent of a knighthood in the British honours system.

Membership in the Order can be conferred upon any Jamaican citizen of outstanding distinction. Honorary membership in the Order can be conferred upon any distinguished citizen of a country other than Jamaica.

Members and Honorary Members are entitled to:

wear the insignia of the Order as a decoration,

be styled "The Honourable",

use the post-nominal letters "OJ" (for Members) or "OJ (Hon.)" (for Honorary Members).

The motto of the Order is "For a covenant of the people".
Public Health Service Smallpox Eradication Campaign Ribbon
The  Public Health Service Smallpox Eradication Campaign Ribbon is a decoration of the United States Public Health Service presented to members of the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Officer Corps and to members of any other uniformed service of the United States

Awards and decorations of the Public Health Service
The United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC), one of the eight uniformed services of the United States, has the authority to issue various awards, commendations, and other insignia to its members. These include individual honor awards, unit honor awards, service awards, training ribbons, special skill badges, and identification badges. The following PHSCC awards are listed in the service's order of precedence:
Doxford Park
Doxford Park (known locally as Doxy Park) is a suburb of Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, located to the south-west of the city centre. Once part of the historical township of Silksworth in the Middle Ages, Doxford Park consisted of agrarian land and a manor before being constructed into a modern housing estate in the 1960s. Surrounded by the A19, the suburb now houses one of the city's largest business districts, the Doxford International Business Park.

New Silksworth
Silksworth is a suburb of Sunderland, in the county of Tyne and Wear, England. The area can be distinguished into two parts, old Silksworth, the original village and township which has existed since the early middle ages, and New Silksworth, the industrial age colliery village which expanded north west of the original settlement. The former colliery being situated to the north west of the village near to the Gilley Law. The population of the ward was 10,931 at the 2011 census.
Arkansas Highway 45
Arkansas Highway 45 (AR 45) is a designation for three state highways in Northwest Arkansas. One segment of 26.97 miles (43.40 km) runs from Highway 96 north to Interstate 540 (I-540) in Fort Smith. A second segment of 10.64 miles (17.12 km) runs from Highway 59 north of Dutch Mills north to U.S. Route 62 (US 62) east of Lincoln. A third segment of 25.42 miles (40.91 km) runs from College Avenue in Fayetteville north to Highway 12 west of Clifty. These routes were formerly connected until a portion of approximately 50 miles (80 km) was redesignated Highway 59 and many United States highways were rerouted through Fayetteville.

U.S. Route 62 in Arkansas
U.S. Route 62 (US 62) is a U.S. highway running from El Paso, Texas northeast to Niagara Falls, New York. In the U.S. state of Arkansas, the route runs 329.9 miles from the Oklahoma border near Summers east to the Missouri border in St. Francis, serving the northern portion of the state. The route passes through several cities and towns, including Fayetteville, Springdale, Bentonville, Harrison, Mountain Home, Pocahontas, and also Piggott. US 62 runs concurrent with several highways in Arkansas including Interstate 49 and U.S. Route 71 between Fayetteville and Bentonville, U.S. Route 412 through much of the state, U.S. Route 65 in the Harrison area, and with U.S. Route 63 and U.S. Route 67 in northeast Arkansas.
Liberal internationalism
Liberal internationalism is a foreign policy doctrine that supports international institutions, open markets, cooperative security, and liberal democracy. At its core, it holds that states should participate in international institutions that uphold rules-based norms, promote liberal democracy, and facilitate cooperation on transnational problems (such as environmental problems, arms control, and public health).

Proponents of liberal internationalism argue that the adoption of this foreign policy orientation by the United States during the 20th century has improved American liberty at home and ensured American hegemony in world politics, as well as facilitated the spread of liberal democracy and markets. Critics of the foreign policy doctrine (such as realists and proponents of retrenchment) argue that it tends towards military interventionism and contributes to disorder (for example, through democracy promotion and trade liberalization).

Multilateralism
In international relations, multilateralism refers to an alliance of multiple countries pursuing a common goal. Multilateralism is based on the principles of inclusivity, equality, and cooperation, and aims to foster a more peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world.
Middle powers play a crucial role in the international system by promoting multilateralism and internationalism.

One of the key advantages of multilateralism is that it enables countries to solve problems that transcend national boundaries, such as climate change, terrorism, and pandemics, through shared responsibility and burden-sharing. However, multilateralism has challenges. The rise of populism, fascism, and protectionism in some countries has raised concerns about the future of multilateralism and the effectiveness of international cooperation.
Salahuddin of Selangor
Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Alhaj ibni Almarhum Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah Alhaj (Jawi: سلطان صلاح الدين عبدالعزيز شاه الحاج إبن المرحوم سلطان حسام الدين عالم شاه الحاج; 8 March 1926 – 21 November 2001) was the Sultan of Selangor from 1960, and the eleventh Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia) from 1999, until his death in 2001.

King of Malaysia
The King of Malaysia, officially Yang di-Pertuan Agong (lit. 'He who is made Lord', Jawi: يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ‎), is the constitutional monarch and ceremonial head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957, when the Federation of Malaya gained independence from the United Kingdom. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected by the Conference of Rulers, comprising the nine rulers of the Malay states, with the office de facto rotated between them, making Malaysia one of the world's few elective monarchies.

The 17th and current Yang di-Pertuan Agong is Ibrahim Iskandar of Johor. He was elected on 26 October 2023, at a special meeting of the Conference of Rulers; he took the oath of office and was sworn in at the Istana Negara on 31 January 2024. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong's queen consort is known as the Raja Permaisuri Agong (Queen of Malaysia), currently Raja Zarith Sofiah. The royal couple are styled in English as "His Majesty" and "Her Majesty".
Gregory Taronites (governor of Chaldia)
Gregory Taronites (Greek: Γρηγόριος Ταρωνίτης, romanized: Grēgorios Tarōnitēs; Armenian: Գրիգոր Տարոնիտես) was a Byzantine governor of the theme of Chaldia (modern north-eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey) who rebelled against Emperor Alexios I Komnenos in 1103/4 and governed his province as a virtually independent ruler until his defeat in battle in 1106/7. He was then imprisoned for some time in the Prison of Anemas, before obtaining an imperial pardon. Some scholars have proposed an identification with Gregory Gabras, but this is disputed.

Gregory Gabras
Gregory Gabras (Greek: Γρηγόριος Γαβρᾶς, romanized: Grēgorios Gabras) was the son of the Byzantine governor of Trebizond, Theodore Gabras who was involved in a minor unsuccessful rebellion against the Emperor Alexios I Komnenos around the year 1091.
Thomas Hearne (artist)
Thomas Hearne (22 September 1744 – 13 April 1817) was an English landscape painter, engraver and illustrator. Hearne's watercolours were typified by applying a wash of subtle subdued colours over a clear outline in fine brush, pen or pencil. His techniques were studied by younger artists such as Thomas Girtin and J. M. W. Turner.

Thomas Girtin
Thomas Girtin (18 February 1775 – 9 November 1802) was an English watercolourist and etcher. A friend and rival of J. M. W. Turner, Girtin played a key role in establishing watercolour as a reputable art form.
Steve Yeager
Stephen Wayne Yeager (born November 24, 1948) is an American former professional baseball catcher. Yeager spent 14 of the 15 seasons of his Major League Baseball career, from 1972 through 1985, with the Los Angeles Dodgers. His last year, 1986, he played for the Seattle Mariners. From 2012 to 2018, Yeager was the catching coach for the Dodgers. He was co-MVP of the 1981 World Series.

World Series Most Valuable Player Award
The Willie Mays World Series Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award is given to the Major League Baseball (MLB) player deemed to have the most impact on his team's performance in the World Series, which is the final round of the MLB postseason. The award was first presented in 1955 by Sport magazine, but since 1985 has been officially presented by MLB. The winner is determined during the final game of the World Series by a committee of reporters and officials present at the game.

On September 29, 2017, the award was renamed in honor of Willie Mays in remembrance of the 63rd anniversary of The Catch, which occurred the year before the award's debut; Mays never won the award himself.
Interstate 65 in Alabama
Interstate 65 (I-65) meanders across 366 miles (589 km) of the Alabama countryside linking six of the state's 10 largest cities. The highway links together many important roadways that make commerce inside and outside of the state's boundaries possible. It starts at I-10 near Mobile. The route passes through or near the major cities of Montgomery, Birmingham, Decatur, Huntsville, and Athens before entering Tennessee in the north near the town of Ardmore, Alabama.

The entire Alabama portion of I-65 is dedicated as Heroes Highway in honor of Central Intelligence Agency officer Johnny Micheal Spann and all of the people who died during the September 11 attacks.

Interstate 10 in Alabama
Interstate 10 (I-10) is a part of the Interstate Highway System that runs from Santa Monica, California, to Jacksonville, Florida. In Alabama, the Interstate Highway runs 66.269 miles (106.650 km) from the Mississippi state line near Grand Bay east to the Florida state line at the Perdido River. I-10 is the primary east–west highway of the Gulf Coast region of Alabama. The highway connects Mobile, the largest city in South Alabama, with Pascagoula, Mississippi, to the west and Pensacola, Florida, to the east. Within the state, the highway connects Mobile and Mobile County with the Baldwin County communities of Daphne and Fairhope. I-10 connects Mobile and Baldwin County by crossing the northern end of Mobile Bay and the southern end of the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta via the George Wallace Tunnel in Mobile and the Jubilee Parkway viaduct system between Mobile and Daphne.
Lady Mary Faith Montagu
Lady Mary Faith Culme-Seymour, Lady Culme-Seymour (née Montagu, previously Nesbitt; 1 November 1911 – 16 February 1983) was a British aristocrat and letter writer. The daughter of the 9th Earl of Sandwich and American heiress Alberta Sturges, she grew up at the family's ancestral seat, Hinchingbrooke House in Huntingdon. When her brother, Victor Montagu, 10th Earl of Sandwich, sold the family home in 1955, Lady Faith took her close friend, the novelist E. M. Forster, to see it one last time. Her last tour of the home with Forster was an emotional one, and she documented the experience in her diary and in letters. She and Forster, who initially offered her advice on short story writing, remained friends until his death.

Through her second marriage, to Sir Michael Culme-Seymour, 5th Baronet, Lady Faith was the châtelaine of Rockingham Castle in Northamptonshire, where she oversaw the renovation and redecoration of the house.

Culme-Seymour baronets
The Seymour, later Culme-Seymour Baronetcy, of High Mount in the County of Cork and Friery Park in the County of Devon, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 31 May 1809 for the naval commander Admiral Michael Seymour. The second Baronet assumed the additional surname of Culme, which was that of his first wife. The third Baronet was also an admiral in the Royal Navy and notably commanded the Channel Squadron from 1890 to 1892 and the Mediterranean Fleet from 1893 to 1896. The fourth Baronet was a vice admiral in the Royal Navy.

The Culme-Seymour baronets are members of a junior branch of the Seymour family headed by the Duke of Somerset (see Seymour family). The family surname is pronounced "Cullum-Seamer".
Kroonstad (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Kroonstad was a constituency in the Orange Free State Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1994. Named after the town of Kroonstad, the seat covered a rural area in the east of the province. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly.

Orange Free State (province)
The Province of the Orange Free State (Afrikaans: Provinsie Oranje-Vrystaat), commonly referred to as the Orange Free State (Afrikaans: Oranje-Vrystaat), Free State (Afrikaans: Vrystaat) or by its abbreviation OFS, was one of the four provinces of South Africa from 1910 to 1994. After 27 April 1994 it was dissolved following the first non-racial election in South Africa. It is now called the Free State Province.

Its predecessor was the Orange River Colony which in 1902 had replaced the Orange Free State, a Boer republic.

Its outside borders were the same as those of the modern Free State Province; except for the bantustans ("homelands") of QwaQwa and one part of Bophuthatswana, which were contained on land inside of the provincial Orange Free State borders.
22nd Lima Film Festival
The 22nd Lima Film Festival, organized by the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, took place from 3 to 11 August 2018 in Lima, Peru. The awards were announced on 11 August 2018, with The Dead and the Others winning the Trophy Spondylus.

Lima Film Festival
The Lima Film Festival (Spanish: Festival de Cine de Lima) is a film festival held annually by the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (PUCP). Its original name was Festival Elcine. The official name has been Festival of Lima, Encuentro Latinoamericano de Cine since 2007.
USS La Moure County (LST-1194)
USS La Moure County (LST-1194) was the sixteenth of twenty Newport-class tank landing ship of the United States Navy (USN) which replaced the traditional bow door-design tank landing ships (LSTs). The second vessel named after a county in North Dakota, the LST was constructed by National Steel and Shipbuilding Company of San Diego, California. The vessel was launched and was commissioned into the USN in 1971. La Moure County alternated deployments in the Caribbean Sea with those to the Mediterranean Sea. During the Gulf War, La Moure County transported elements of the 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade to the Persian Gulf. In 2000, the LST was taking part in a training exercise off Chile when the vessel ran aground. Considered beyond repair, La Moure County was decommissioned that year and towed out to sea in 2001 and sunk as a target ship.

Newport-class tank landing ship
Newport-class tank landing ships were an improved class of tank landing ship (LST) designed for and employed by the United States Navy from 1969 to 2002. The ships were intended to provide substantial advantages over their World War II-era predecessors. Larger and faster than any previous LST design, they carried a ramp over the bow that allowed them to surpass 20 knots (37 km/h; 23 mph), a goal of the United States amphibious forces. 27 were planned of which twenty were completed, the high number due to the demands of US force projection estimates. However, the arrival of the air-cushioned landing craft which allowed for over-the-horizon attacks made the class obsolete in the eyes of the United States Navy. Placed in reserve, twelve were eventually sold to foreign navies, while the remaining eight have since been decommissioned.
Edward Waring
Edward Waring FRS (c. 1736 – 15 August 1798) was a British mathematician. He entered Magdalene College, Cambridge as a sizar and became Senior wrangler in 1757. He was elected a Fellow of Magdalene and in 1760 Lucasian Professor of Mathematics, holding the chair until his death. He made the assertion known as Waring's problem without proof in his writings Meditationes Algebraicae. Waring was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1763 and awarded the Copley Medal in 1784.

Lucasian Professor of Mathematics
The Lucasian Chair of Mathematics (/luːˈkeɪziən/) is a mathematics professorship in the University of Cambridge, England; its holder is known as the Lucasian Professor. The post was founded in 1663 by Henry Lucas, who was Cambridge University's Member of Parliament in 1639–1640, and it was officially established by King Charles II on 18 January 1664. It has been called the most celebrated professorship in the world, and the most famous academic chair in the world due to the prestige of many of its holders and the groundbreaking work done by them. It was said by The Daily Telegraph to be one of the most prestigious academic posts in the world. Since its establishment, the professorship has been held by, among others, Isaac Newton, Charles Babbage, George Stokes, Joseph Larmor, Paul Dirac and Stephen Hawking.
Holeby Municipality
Holeby was a municipality (Danish, kommune) on the island of Lolland in Storstrøm County in south Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 116 km2, and had a total population of 3,982 (2005).  Its last mayor was Bjarne Larsen.

The main town and the seat of its municipal council was the town of Holeby.

Neighboring municipalities were Nysted to the east, Maribo and Sakskøbing to the north, and Rødby to the west.  To the south was the Baltic Sea and the Fehmarn Belt.

On 1 January 2007 Holeby municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It merged with the municipalities of Højreby, Maribo, Nakskov, Ravnsborg, Rudbjerg and Rødby to form the new Lolland municipality.  This created a municipality with an area of 892 km2 and a total population of 49,469 (2005).   The new municipality belongs to the new Region Sjælland ("Zealand Region").

Maribo
Maribo is a town in Lolland Municipality in Region Sjælland on the island of Lolland in south Denmark. It was the municipal seat of the former Maribo Municipality, until 1 January 2007, and then it became the seat of the current Lolland Municipality.

The merchant town of Maribo is located centrally on Lolland. Its population is 5,786 (1 January 2025). It has, among other facilities, a gymnasium (Secondary school), a public international school, an open-air museum and a cultural heritage museum.

A brewery, "Maribo Bryghus" used to be located in the town, but it was closed down in 2008 by its owner, Unibrew. Beer labeled "Maribo Øl" is still available, but it is brewed elsewhere.
1956 Blaydon by-election
The 1956 Blaydon by-election of 2 February 1956 was a by-election held in the British House of Commons constituency of Blaydon in County Durham, the North East of England.

It was caused by the death on 3 November 1955 of William Whiteley, the sitting Labour Party Member of Parliament for the constituency, who had first been elected in 1922 and had represented it ever since with the exception of 1931 to 1935. Labour Party candidate Robert Woof held the seat with little change in the majority.

Blaydon (UK Parliament constituency)
Blaydon was a constituency in Tyne and Wear represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 1918 until its abolition for the 2024 general election. The seat was held continuously by a Labour Member of Parliament (MP) from 1935 onwards. Its final MP was Liz Twist, who was re-elected in 2024 in the newly-created seat of Blaydon and Consett.
1926 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1926 International Lawn Tennis Challenge.

19 teams entered the Europe Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Final against the winner of the America Zone. France defeated Great Britain in the final, and went on to face Japan in the Inter-Zonal Final.

1926 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1926 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the 21st edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. 19 teams would enter the Europe Zone, while 5 would enter the America Zone.

France defeated Japan in the Inter-Zonal play-off, but would fall to the United States in a rematch of 1925's Challenge Round. The final was played at the Germantown Cricket Club in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States on 9–11 September.
Joachimoceras
Jaochimoceras is a genus of orthoceroid cephalopods from the Silurian of Central Europe (Bohemia) named by Baskov, 1960, and included in the Geisonoceratidae. As with the orthocerids, its shell is longiconic, siphuncle more or less central, and chambers somewhat long.

Note that Flower, 1976, regarded the Orthoceratidae and Geisonoceratidae as forming a continuous series, indivisible into separate families.

Geisonoceratidae
Geisonoceratidae is an extinct family of orthoceroid cephalopods endemic to what would be Asia, Europe, and North America from the Middle Ordovician to the Middle Devonian, living from about 470—380 mya, existing for approximately 90 million years.

Zhuravlevia was previously thought to be a member of this group, but was later reassigned to Mixosiphonata in 2017.