hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neethling Fouché
Johann Neethling Fouché (born 10 January 1993) is a South African rugby union player for the Stormers in the United Rugby Championship and Western Province in the Currie Cup. His regular position is tighthead prop.

Stormers
The Stormers (known for sponsorship reasons as the DHL Stormers) is a South African professional rugby union team based in Cape Town in the Western Cape that competes in the United Rugby Championship, a trans-hemispheric competition that also involves sides from Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales and the domestic Currie Cup competition as the Western Province. They competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020. They have won one major international championship, the 2021-22 United Rugby Championship, and seven South African 'conference' titles, five in the South African Conference of Super Rugby, and two in the URC equivalent, the South African Shield, while in the Currie Cup having won the competition on a record 34 occasions.
United Nations resolution
A United Nations resolution (UN resolution) is a formal text adopted by a United Nations (UN) body. Although any UN body can issue resolutions, in practice most resolutions are issued by the Security Council or the General Assembly, in the form of United Nations Security Council resolutions and United Nations General Assembly resolutions, respectively.

Resolution (law)
In law, a resolution is a motion, often in writing, which has been adopted by a deliberative body (such as a corporations' board and or the house of a legislature). An alternate term for a resolution is a resolve.
Graham Dorrans
Graham Dorrans (born 5 May 1987) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Johnstone Burgh.

He began his football career at Scottish club Livingston, before joining English club West Bromwich Albion in 2008. In the 2009–10 season, he helped West Bromwich Albion gain promotion to the Premier League and was named in the Championship Team of the Year in the process. He signed for Norwich City in 2015, and then moved to Rangers in 2017. After a couple of years there mired by injury issues, he regained his fitness with Dundee before moving to Western Sydney Wanderers in 2020. Dorrans returned to Scotland the following year, signing with Dunfermline Athletic.

Dorrans has represented Scotland at under-20, under-21, and senior levels. He was a member of the Scotland squad at the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup. He made his full international debut for Scotland in October 2009, and has made 12 international appearances in total.

Scotland national under-21 football team
The Scotland national under-21 football team, controlled by the Scottish Football Association, is Scotland's national under 21 football team and is considered to be a feeder team for the Scotland national football team.

As a European under-21 team, Scotland compete in the UEFA European Under-21 Championship, which is usually held every other year. The team has qualified for the final stages of these Championships on six occasions, although not since 1996. There is no global tournament for under-21 national teams. Performance in the European Championship determines qualification for football at the Summer Olympics, which Scotland is unable to compete in.
Naseeruddin Shah filmography
Naseeruddin Shah (born 20 July 1950) is an Indian actor and director. He has acted in over 100 films and directed the 2006 Bollywood film, Yun Hota Toh Kya Hota, starring Irrfan Khan and Konkana Sen Sharma.

He began his acting career playing Vishwan in the 1975 Hindi film, Nishant. Since then, he has done several movies in English and some regional languages of India while he mainly appeared in Hindi films.

He launched his autobiography in the year 2014, titled And then one day: A Memoir.

Yun Hota Toh Kya Hota
Yun Hota Toh Kya Hota (transl. What If?) is a 2006 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by Naseeruddin Shah. The film stars Konkona Sen Sharma, Irrfan Khan, Ayesha Takia, Jimmy Sheirgill, Paresh Rawal, Boman Irani and Saroj Khan. The film explores four stories which eventually become intertwined with 9/11.
Donald Sarason
Donald Erik Sarason (January 26, 1933 – April 8, 2017) was an American mathematician whose research topics included Hardy space theory and VMO. As a professor at the University of California, Berkeley he became the doctoral advisor of 39 graduate students.

Bounded mean oscillation
In harmonic analysis in mathematics, a function of bounded mean oscillation, also known as a BMO function, is a real-valued function whose mean oscillation is bounded (finite). The space of functions of bounded mean oscillation (BMO), is a function space that, in some precise sense, plays the same role in the theory of Hardy spaces Hp that the space L∞ of essentially bounded functions plays in the theory of Lp-spaces: it is also called John–Nirenberg space, after Fritz John and Louis Nirenberg who introduced and studied it for the first time.
Stari košutnjak
Stari Košutnjak (Serbian Cyrillic: Стари Кошутњак) is a neighborhood located in Rakovica, municipality of the city of Belgrade. It is bordered by the neighborhoods of Rakovica municipality Kanarevo brdo and Miljakovac, and municipalities of Čukarica, Savski venac and Voždovac.

Rakovica, Belgrade
Rakovica (Serbian Cyrillic: Раковица, pronounced [râːkɔʋitsa]) is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2022 census results, the municipality has 104,456 inhabitants.

The municipality of Rakovica is located south of downtown Belgrade. It is bordered by the municipalities of Savski Venac on the north, Voždovac on the east and Čukarica on the west and south. Its neighborhood of Resnik marks the southernmost point of the Belgrade City Proper (uža teritorija grada).
Psycroptic
Psycroptic are an Australian technical death metal band formed in Hobart, Tasmania in 1999. Mainstay members are the Haley brothers, drummer Dave and guitarist Joe. Their lead vocalist, Jason Peppiatt, joined in 2004. In 2008 they signed to Nuclear Blast. As of August 2022, the band have released eight studio albums. They have undertaken Australian national tours supporting international acts, Incantation, Decapitated, Origin and Misery Index. Psycroptic have also toured Europe with Nile and with Deicide. In February 2019, the band started a co-headlining tour alongside Aversions Crown and support bands Within Destruction, Hadal Maw and Hollow World across Europe. They also headlined a 2019 tour in the United States in support of their album As the Kingdom Drowns.

Nuclear Blast Records
Nuclear Blast Records is a German record label with subsidiaries in Germany, the United States and Brazil. It was founded in 1987 by Markus Staiger in Donzdorf. Originally releasing hardcore punk records, the label moved on to releasing albums by thrash metal, melodic death metal, grindcore, industrial metal, power metal and black metal bands, as well as tribute albums. It also distributes and promotes post-hardcore/metalcore labels SharpTone Records. Another post-hardcore/metalcore label, Arising Empire, was in Nuclear Blast's portfolio until its acquisition by Kontor New Media in 2020.

In October 2018, French independent label Believe Digital acquired a majority stake in Nuclear Blast.
David Colquhoun
David Colquhoun FRS MAE (born 19 July 1936) is a British pharmacologist at University College London (UCL). He has contributed to the general theory of receptor and synaptic mechanisms, and in particular the theory and practice of single ion channel function. He held the A.J. Clark chair of Pharmacology at UCL from 1985 to 2004, and was the Hon. Director of the Wellcome Laboratory  for Molecular Pharmacology. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1985 and an honorary fellow of UCL in 2004. Colquhoun runs the website  DC's Improbable Science, which is critical of pseudoscience, particularly alternative medicine, and managerialism.

Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore. Their functions include establishing a resting membrane potential, shaping action potentials and other electrical signals by gating the flow of ions across the cell membrane, controlling the flow of ions across secretory and epithelial cells, and regulating cell volume. Ion channels are present in the membranes of all cells. Ion channels are one of the two classes of ionophoric proteins, the other being ion transporters.

The study of ion channels often involves biophysics, electrophysiology, and pharmacology, while using techniques including voltage clamp, patch clamp, immunohistochemistry, X-ray crystallography, fluoroscopy, and RT-PCR. Their classification as molecules is referred to as channelomics.
Jwamer Aga
Jwāmer Aga (Javānmardi) (Sorani Kurdish: جوامێر ئاغای هه‌مه‌وه‌ند), (Gorani Kurdish: جوامر ئاگهە هەماواند), was the head of the Kurdish tribe of Hamawand during the late-nineteenth-century Ottoman era and was a Kurdish noble and aristocrat born into a prominent, princely family with numerous titles.

Jwamer was appointed the ruler of Zuhab with 1,000 tomans as allowance for the Qasr-e Shirin district and Osmaniye after the overthrow of its hereditary ruling family the Bajalan. Jwamer which means one who is descended from nobility or is noble. He was born in 1815 in the familial Shirin Palace, which was located in the village of Ali Mansouri, a territory of Hamawand. He was executed in Qasr-e-Shirin in 1887–1888.

Qasr-e Shirin
Qasr-e Shirin (Persian: قصرشيرين, lit. 'Shirin's Palace') is a city in the Central District of Qasr-e Shirin County, Kermanshah province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Its population in 2016 was 18,473. It is a Free-trade zone (FTZ) and is populated by Kurds.
Beaujardin
Beaujardin or Beaujardin-Raspail is a district of the French city of Tours. Insee defined it in its division of the Tours commune into 22 IRIS. It is located in the southeast of the commune. It borders the Sanitas district to the north, Rochepinard and the banks of the Cher to the south, and the commune of Saint-Pierre-des-Corps to the east.

Although the district traces its origins back to the 19th-century château de Beaujardin, it developed mainly between the wars, notably with the establishment of a workers' garden city, and completed the bulk of its urbanization during the Trente Glorieuses period. With a population of some 4,000 in 2012, Beaujardin is a mixed-use neighborhood composed largely of small owner-occupied homes, but also contains numerous social housing units, including two workers' housing estates.

Trente Glorieuses
Les Trente Glorieuses (French pronunciation: [le tʁɑ̃t ɡlɔʁjøz]; 'The Thirty Glorious (Years)') was a thirty-year period of economic growth in France between 1945 and 1975, following the end of the Second World War.
PSTricks
PSTricks is a set of macros that allow the inclusion of PostScript drawings directly inside TeX or LaTeX source code. It was originally written by Timothy Van Zandt and has been maintained in recent years by Denis Girou, Sebastian Rahtz and Herbert Voss (de).

PostScript
PostScript (PS) is a page description language and dynamically typed, stack-based programming language. It is most commonly used in the electronic publishing and desktop publishing realm, but as a Turing complete programming language, it can be used for many other purposes as well. PostScript was created at Adobe Systems by John Warnock, Charles Geschke, Doug Brotz, Ed Taft and Bill Paxton from 1982 to 1984. The most recent version, PostScript 3, was released in 1997.
Ayllu
The ayllu, a family clan, is the traditional form of a community in the Andes, especially among Quechuas and Aymaras. They are an indigenous local government model across the Andes region of South America, particularly in Bolivia and Peru.

Ayllus functioned prior to Inca conquest, during the Inca and Spanish colonial period, and continue to exist to the present day – such as the Andean community Ocra. Membership gave individual families more variation and security on the land that they farmed. Ayllus had defined territories and were essentially extended family or kin groups, but could include non-related members. Their primary function was to solve subsistence issues, and issues of how to get along in family, and the larger community. Ayllus descended from stars in the Inca cosmogony, and just like stars had unique celestial locations, each ayllu had a terrestrial location defined by the paqarina, the mythical point of emergence of the lineage huaca.

Huaca
In the Quechuan languages of South America, a huaca or wak'a is an object that represents something revered, typically a monument of some kind. The term huaca can refer to natural locations, such as immense rocks. Some huacas have been associated with veneration and ritual. The Quechua people traditionally believed every object has a physical presence and two camaquen (spirits), one to create it and another to animate it. They would invoke its spirits for the object to function.
Union Female College (Mississippi)
Union Female College was a private school for women which operated in Oxford, Mississippi in the United States. Founded in 1838 as the Oxford Female Academy, it came under the control of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church in 1853, and was incorporated as Union Female College. The college closed in 1898. The former college's buildings were destroyed in a fire in 1911.

Cumberland Presbyterian Church
The Cumberland Presbyterian Church is a Presbyterian denomination spawned by the Second Great Awakening. In 2023, it had 33 223 active members and 646 congregations. The word Cumberland comes from the Cumberland River valley where the church was founded.
Reconquest (Chile)
Spanish Reconquest or just Reconquest (Spanish: Reconquista) is the name of a period of Chilean history that started in 1814 with the royalist victory at the Battle of Rancagua and ended in 1817 with the patriot victory at the Battle of Chacabuco. During this period, the defenders of the Spanish Empire reestablished their dominion in Chile after said country had separated itself from the Spanish Crown, installed its First National Government Board in 1810—the first institution of self-government in Chile, created its First Congress National in 1811 and subsequently elected its first supreme director, Francisco de la Lastra, in 1814.

Authors such as the Chileans Julio Heise and Jaime Eyzaguirre prefer to call the period Absolutist Restoration, considering it merely the return to power of the royalists.

Battle of Chacabuco
The Battle of Chacabuco, fought during the Chilean War of Independence, took place on February 12, 1817. The Army of the Andes, from the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata and led by Captain–General José de San Martín, defeated a Spanish force commanded by Rafael Maroto. This victory was a significant defeat for the Captaincy General of Chile, the royalist government established after the division of the Viceroyalty of Peru.
Sacred Hearts & Fallen Angels: The Gram Parsons Anthology
Sacred Hearts and Fallen Angels: The Gram Parsons Anthology is a compilation of Gram Parsons's albums from 1968 to 1976 and was released in 2001. It features segments from the International Submarine Band, The Byrds, The Flying Burrito Brothers, and his solo albums, and includes unreleased live tracks and non-LP tracks.  Emmylou Harris, Chris Robinson of The Black Crowes, and Chris Hillman and Roger McGuinn of The Byrds contributed to the liner notes.

International Submarine Band
The International Submarine Band (ISB) was a country-rock band formed by Gram Parsons in 1965, while a theology (?) student at Harvard University and John Nuese, a guitar player for local rock group, The Trolls.  Nuese is credited with having persuaded Parsons to pursue the country-rock sound for which he would later be remembered.  Parsons' work with the band predates his better known ventures with The Byrds, the Flying Burrito Brothers, and the Fallen Angels with Emmylou Harris.
FC Motown
FC Motown is an American soccer club based in Morristown, New Jersey. Founded in 2012, the team currently fields teams in both the National Premier Soccer League (NPSL) and USL League Two. In 2020, the team formed a U23 side that competes in the EDP 23U league.

The team plays its home games at Drew University's Ranger Stadium and Montclair State University's MSU Soccer Park. Since 2024, the club's NPSL team has been coached by former New York Red Bulls player Dilly Duka.

Motown has one league championship in the franchise history, winning the 2022 National Premier Soccer League National Championship.

National Premier Soccer League
The National Premier Soccer League (NPSL) is an American men's soccer league. The league is officially affiliated to the United States Adult Soccer Association (USASA) and has automatic qualification for the U.S. Open Cup. It is the successor of the Men's Premier Soccer League, a regional league originally based in the Western United States, which has now expanded nationwide to encompass teams from 29 states. The league's motto is "A National League with a Regional Focus".
Nick Valensi
Nicholas Valensi (born January 16, 1981) is an American musician, best known for his role as lead and rhythm guitarist in the American rock band The Strokes. Since 2001, the band has released six studio albums, some of which Valensi has also contributed keyboards and backing vocals.

In 2013, Valensi founded the band CRX, for which he acts as singer, songwriter, and lead and rhythm guitarist. Their debut album, New Skin, was released in 2016, and was followed by the 2019 album Peek. Valensi has also worked as a songwriter and session guitarist with various artists, including Sia, Regina Spektor, Kate Pierson, Kesha and Ringo Starr.

Regina Spektor
Regina Ilyinichna Spektor (Russian: Регинa Ильинична Спектор, pronounced [rʲɪˈɡʲinə ˈspʲɛktər]; born February 18, 1980) is a Russian-born American singer, songwriter, and pianist.

After self-releasing her first three records and gaining popularity in New York City's independent music scenes, particularly the anti-folk scene centered on the East Village, Spektor signed with Sire Records in 2004, resulting in greater mainstream recognition. After giving her third album, Soviet Kitsch, a major label re-release, Sire released Spektor's fourth album, Begin to Hope, which achieved a Gold certification by the RIAA. Her following two albums, Far and What We Saw from the Cheap Seats, each debuted at number 3 on the Billboard 200.

Mayor Bill de Blasio proclaimed June 11, 2019, Regina Spektor Day in New York City. Spektor was inducted into the Bronx Walk of Fame on May 18, 2019, by Borough President Rubén Díaz Jr.
Janusz Kazimierz Krzyżewski
Janusz Kazimierz Krzyżewski (born September 10, 1949 in Bakałarzewo) is Polish politician, activist of the Polish United Workers' Party, local government official, who served as Marshal of the Podlaskie Voivodeship from 2002 to 2007.

Voivodeship marshal
A voivodeship marshal (Polish: marszałek województwa, pronounced [marˈʂawɛɡ vɔjɛˈvut͡stfa]) is the head of the provincial-level government for each of the sixteen voivodeships of Poland. Elected by councillors from the provincial assembly, the marshal is the head of the collective voivodeship executive board, which acts as the de facto cabinet for the region. The current competences and traditions of the contemporary voivodeship marshal stem from the Public Administrative Reform Act of 1998, which went into effect in January 1999.
Urban Mass Transit Company
Urban Mass Transit Company Limited (UMTC) is an urban transport consultancy company to develop sustainable urban mobility methods and solutions. It focuses on planning, designing, project management and implementation supervision of urban transportation projects. It was founded on 13 April 1993 as a partnership between Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation and Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services Limited (IL&FS).

Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services
Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services Limited (IL&FS) is an Indian state-funded infrastructure development and finance company. It was created by public sector banks and insurance companies.

It operates through more than 250 subsidiaries including IL&FS Investment managers, IL&FS financial services and IL&FS Transportation networks India Limited (ITNL). Its projects include some of the largest infrastructure projects in India including India's longest tunnel, Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Tunnel, which opened for traffic in April 2017. After the company defaulted on its loans in 2018, the Government of India took control of the company and appointed a new board.
Character module
In mathematics, especially in the area of abstract algebra, every module has an associated character module. Using the associated character module it is possible to investigate the properties of the original module. One of the main results discovered by Joachim Lambek shows that a module is flat if and only if the associated character module is injective.

Flat module
In algebra, flat modules include free modules, projective modules, and, over a principal ideal domain, torsion-free modules. Formally, a module M over a ring R is flat if  taking the tensor product over R with M preserves exact sequences. A module is faithfully flat if taking the tensor product with a sequence produces an exact sequence if and only if the original sequence is exact.

Flatness was introduced by Jean-Pierre Serre (1956) in his paper Géometrie Algébrique et Géométrie Analytique.
Danish International Development Agency
Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA) is the brand used by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark when it provides humanitarian aid and development assistance to other countries, with focus on developing countries. There is no distinct Danida organisation within the Ministry.

According to the OECD, Denmark’s total official development assistance (ODA) (USD 2.9 billion) increased in 2022 due to in-donor refugee costs. It represented 0.7% of gross national income (GNI). Most of Denmark’s official development assistance (ODA) is provided as bilateral co-operation, primarily to fragile partner countries in Africa.

Gross national income
Gross national income (GNI), formerly known as gross national product (GNP), is the total amount of factor incomes earned by the residents of a country. It is equal to gross domestic product (GDP), plus factor incomes received from non-residents by residents, minus factor income paid by residents to non-residents.: 44

In contrast to GDP, GNI is not a concept of value added, but a concept of income. GNI is the basis of calculation of the largest part of contributions to the Budget of the European Union.  In February 2017, Ireland's GDP became so distorted from the base erosion and profit shifting ("BEPS") tax planning tools of U.S. multinationals, that the Central Bank of Ireland replaced Irish GDP with a new metric, Irish Modified GNI (or "GNI*").  In 2017, Irish GDP was 127% of Irish GNI and 162% of Irish Modified GNI.

GNI contrast with net national income : NNI = GNI - Depreciation

The Atlas method can be applied to correct for fluctuating exchange rates.
Durocornovium
Durocornovium was a Roman town in Britain, situated on the Roman road between Corinium Dobunnorum  (Cirencester) and Calleva Atrebatum (Silchester). In many ways Durocornovium was a typical small Roman town.

Calleva Atrebatum
Calleva Atrebatum ("Calleva of the Atrebates") was an Iron Age oppidum, the capital of the Atrebates tribe. It then became a walled town in the Roman province of Britannia, at a major crossroads of the roads of southern Britain.

The modern village of Silchester in Hampshire, England, is about a mile (1.6 km) to the west of the site. The village's parish church of St Mary the Virgin is just within the ancient walls. Most of the site lies within the modern civil parish of Silchester, although the amphitheatre is in the adjoining civil parish of Mortimer West End. The whole of the site is within the local authority district of Basingstoke and Deane and the county of Hampshire.