hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patrick MacKellar
Colonel Patrick Mackellar (1717 – 1778) was a British army officer and military engineer who played a significant role in the early history of North America. He was the deputy chief engineer at the Siege of Louisbourg (1758) and the chief engineer at the siege of Quebec in 1759. In later years he was responsible for the design and construction of the town of Es Castell on the island of Menorca.

Siege of Louisbourg (1758)
The siege of Louisbourg (8 June – 26 July 1758) was fought during the Seven Years' War on Cape Breton Island between an attacking British force and defending French and Mi'kmaq troops. The French attempted to send reinforcements by sea, but were not able to as the fleet was blockaded and defeated by the British. The battle  ended French colonial dominance in Atlantic Canada and led to the subsequent British campaign to capture Quebec in 1759 and the remainder of New France the following year.
Statue of Christopher Columbus (Lima)
The Monument to Christopher Columbus (Spanish: Monumento a Cristobal Colón) is a 10-feet-high statue by Salvatore Revelli dedicated to Christopher Columbus, located in the central pedestrian path of the second block of Paseo Colón, a street of the Historic Centre of Lima, Peru. Originally inaugurated in 1860 in what is now Rímac District, it was eventually moved to its current location in 1906.

As of 2025, the statues of the street, including that of Columbus, are currently located at the Park of the Exhibition due to the ongoing underground construction works for Line 2 of the Lima and Callao Metro, which started in July 2024.

Parque de la Exposición
The Park of the Exhibition (Spanish: Parque de la Exposición), known between 1999 and 2004 as the Grand Park of Lima (Spanish: Gran Parque de Lima), is a park located in the neighbourhood of Santa Beatriz, itself part of the buffer zone of the historic centre of Lima, Peru. It was built to replace the city's walls, demolished as part of a citywide renovation project in order to host an international exhibition in 1872.
Memories of Ice
Memories of Ice is an epic fantasy novel by Canadian writer Steven Erikson and the third volume in his series the Malazan Book of the Fallen. The events of Memories of Ice begin just after the first book, Gardens of the Moon, and at the same time as the second, Deadhouse Gates.

Memories of Ice focuses on the renegade Malazan 5th Army and their new allies on the continent of Genabackis, and their battle with the Pannion Domin, a new power emerging from the south of the continent. It also reveals a great deal more about the gods, ascendants and the history of the Imass, K'Chain Che'Malle and the Tiste races.

High fantasy
High fantasy, or epic fantasy, is a subgenre of fantasy defined by the epic nature of its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, or plot. High fantasy is usually set in an alternative, fictional ("secondary") world, rather than the "real" or "primary" world. This secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world. By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set on Earth, the primary or real world, or a rational and familiar fictional world with the inclusion of magical elements.
Thallium(I) oxide
Thallium(I) oxide is the inorganic compound of thallium and oxygen with the formula Tl2O in which thallium is in its +1 oxidation state. It is black and produces a basic yellow solution of thallium(I) hydroxide (TlOH) when dissolved in water.  It is formed by heating solid TlOH or Tl2CO3 in the absence of air.  Thallium oxide is used to make special high refractive index glass.  Thallium oxide is a component of several high temperature superconductors. Thallium(I) oxide reacts with acids to make thallium(I) salts.

Tl2O adopts the anti-cadmium iodide structure in the solid state.  In this way, the Tl(I) centers are pyramidal and the oxide centers are octahedral.

Thallium(I) oxide, like all thallium compounds, is highly toxic.

Thallium(I) hydroxide
Thallium(I) hydroxide, also called thallous hydroxide, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula TlOH. It is a hydroxide of thallium, with thallium in oxidation state +1. It is a thallium(I) salt of water. It consists of thallium(I) cations Tl+ and hydroxide anions OH−.
Royal Malaysia Police K9 Unit
Royal Malaysia Police K9 Unit is a police dog unit in Malaysia. It is placed under the Technical Assistance Division (D6) of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) in Royal Malaysia Police. Its headquarters and training centre is located at PULAPOL in Kuala Lumpur. Dogs under the unit are trained for crime prevention, suspect apprehension, bomb detection, narcotic search, missing person search, cadaver recovery and electronic device detection.

Search and rescue dog
A search-and-rescue (SAR) dog is a dog trained to respond to crime scenes, accidents, missing persons events, as well as natural or man-made disasters. These dogs detect human scent, which is a distinct odor of skin flakes and water and oil secretions unique to each person and have been known to find people under water, snow, and collapsed buildings, as well as remains buried underground. SAR dogs are a non-invasive aid in the location of humans, alive or deceased.
Newton Aycliffe railway station
Newton Aycliffe is a railway station on the Tees Valley Line, which runs between Bishop Auckland and Saltburn via Darlington. The station, situated 7 miles 4 chains (11.3 km) north-west of Darlington, serves the town of Newton Aycliffe in County Durham, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

Darlington railway station
Darlington railway station is a principal stop on the East Coast Main Line, serving the town of Darlington in County Durham, England. It is 232 miles 50 chains (232.63 miles; 374.37 kilometres) north of London King's Cross.  It is situated between Northallerton to the south and Durham to the north. Its three-letter station code is DAR.

The station is well served, because it is an important stop for main line services, with trains operated by London North Eastern Railway, CrossCountry and TransPennine Express. It is also the interchange for Northern Trains services to Bishop Auckland, Middlesbrough and Saltburn.

Darlington is the location of the first commercial steam railway, the Stockton and Darlington Railway. The station building is a Grade II* listed Victorian structure and winner of the Large Station of the Year award in 2005.
Pantestudines
Pantestudines or Pan-Testudines is the proposed group of all reptiles more closely related to turtles than to any other living animal. It includes both modern turtles (crown group turtles, also known as Testudines) and all of their extinct relatives (also known as stem-turtles). Pantestudines with a complete shell are placed in the clade Testudinata.

The phylogenetic placement of turtles relative to other reptiles has long been the subject of controversy. Genetic evidence strongly supports that turtles are cladistically diapsids more closely related to archosaurs (crocodilians and birds) than to lizards and snakes, with the clade containing archosaurs and turtles being dubbed Archelosauria.

Archelosauria
Archelosauria is a clade grouping turtles and archosaurs (birds and crocodilians) and their closest
relatives, to the exclusion of lepidosaurs (the clade containing lizards, snakes and the tuatara). Most phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data (e.g. DNA and proteins) have supported a sister-group relationship between turtles and archosaurs. On the other hand, Archelosauria had not been historically supported by most morphological analyses, which have instead found turtles to either be descendants of parareptiles, early-diverging diapsids outside of Sauria, or close relatives of lepidosaurs within the clade Ankylopoda. Some recent morphological analyses have also found support for Archelosauria.
Senate of Ceylon
The Senate was the upper chamber of the parliament of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) established in 1947 by the Soulbury Commission. The Senate was appointed and indirectly elected rather than directly elected. It was housed in the old Legislative Council building in Colombo Fort and met for the first time on 12 November 1947. The Senate was abolished on 2 October 1971 by the eighth amendment to the Soulbury Constitution, prior to the adoption of the new Republican Constitution of Sri Lanka on 22 May 1972. In 2010 there were proposals to reintroduce the Senate.

Soulbury Commission
The Soulbury Commission (Sinhala: සෝල්බරි කොමිෂන් සභාව Solbari Komisyan Sabawa; Tamil: சோல்பரி ஆணைக்குழு) was a prime instrument of constitutional reform in British Ceylon (modern-day Sri Lanka) that succeeded the Donoughmore Commission. It was announced in 1944 and headed by Herwald Ramsbotham, 1st Viscount Soulbury. The immediate basis for the appointment of a commission for constitutional reforms was the 1944 draft constitution of the Board of Ministers, headed by D.S. Senanayake. This commission ushered in the Soulbury Constitution and independence to the Dominion of Ceylon in 1948. Its constitutional recommendations were largely those of the 1944 Board of Ministers' draft, a document reflecting the influence of Senanayake and his main advisor, Sir Ivor Jennings.
Commission on Maps and the Internet
The Maps and the Internet Commission of the International Cartographic Association (or simply Maps and the Internet Commission) was created in 1999 as one of the standing commissions of the International Cartographic Association. It promotes multi-national cartographic research in order to solve problems related to web-based cartography. The commission enhances cartographic education related to the Internet. In addition, the commission promotes professional and technical standards for maps available through the Internet.

Like all commissions of the International Cartographic Association, formal members are assigned by individual countries. However, anyone can become a corresponding member. Corresponding members receive all commission correspondence and invitations to meetings. Activities of the commission include e-mails to members, meetings, workshops, promotion of standards, and publications.

Web mapping
Web mapping or an online mapping is the process of using, creating, and distributing maps on the World Wide Web (the Web), usually through the use of Web geographic information systems (Web GIS). A web map or an online map is both served and consumed, thus, web mapping is more than just web cartography, it is an interactive service where consumers may choose what the map will show.
Maximiliano Fernandez
Maximiliano Fernandez (born September 29, 1995) is an American pair skater. With his current skating partner, Valentina Plazas, he is the 2024 U.S. national bronze medalist and a three-time Challenger Series medalist.

With his former partner, Joy Weinberg, he is the 2016 U.S. junior national champion and finished in the top 10 at the 2016 World Junior Figure Skating Championships.

ISU Challenger Series
The ISU Challenger Series is a series of ten international figure skating competitions sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU) and organized by ISU member nations. The series was introduced in 2014; its stated goal is to provide consistent organization and structure within a series of international competitions, as well as opportunities for senior-level skaters to compete at the international level while also earning World Standing points. The Nebelhorn Trophy, the Nepela Memorial, and the Golden Spin of Zagreb have been regular competitions in the series since the beginning, as was the Finlandia Trophy until 2024. Skaters and teams are eligible to compete in up to three Challenger Series events each season, and their top two scores are combined to calculate their total Challenger Series scores.
Greg Dolezal
Gregory Robert Dolezal (born October 1, 1978) is an American politician who is currently serving as the Georgia state senator for the 27th district in Cumming, Georgia. He is a member of the Georgia Freedom Caucus.

Georgia State Senate
The Georgia State Senate is the upper house of the Georgia General Assembly, in the U.S. state of Georgia. The Georgia State Senate and the lower house of the General Assembly, the Georgia House of Representatives, comprise the bicameral legislature of the state. Combined, the Senate and the House maintain authority under Article III. of the 1983 Constitution of Georgia to enact laws "necessary and proper for the welfare of the state", although state law is subordinate to the state constitution, the United States Constitution, and federal law.

Like most upper houses in the United States, the Senate has the exclusive power to confirm various appointments made by the governor of Georgia, and to try cases of impeachment brought by the House. The Senate is often considered a springboard for those ultimately seeking higher office; all of the state's most recent governors have served in the State Senate.
Mahmoud al-Sarkhi
Sayyid Mahmoud al-Hasani al-Sarkhi  (Arabic: السيد محمود الحسني الصرخي; born 1964) is a prominent Iraqi  Shia Marja'. He was known for his opposition to US and Iranian interference in Iraq.

He has studied in seminaries of Najaf, Iraq under Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr.

Marja'
Marja' (Arabic: مرجع, romanized: marjiʿ ; plural marājiʿ ; lit. 'source to follow'  or 'religious reference') is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank. The highest ranking marjiʿ is known as the marja al-mutlaq or marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq. A marji' is usually also a grand ayatollah.

Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja' emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (died 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (died 940 or 941) both being called the first marja'.

As of 2023, there are more than 50 living maraji, almost all residing in Iran or Iraq.
Rob Melville
Robert Melville is a British car designer who is currently working as the Chief Design officer at Ceer Motors. He previously worked with Jaguar Land Rover, General Motors and McLaren Automotive.

Melville helped to design the Range Rover, Cadillac Converj, McLaren P1, McLaren 650S and was Chief Designer of the McLaren 675LT, McLaren 570S/570GT, McLaren GT, McLaren 720S and McLaren Artura.

McLaren 720S
The McLaren 720S is a sports car designed and manufactured by British automobile manufacturer McLaren Automotive. It is the second all-new car in the McLaren Super Series, replacing the 650S beginning in May 2017.

The 720S was launched at the Geneva Motor Show on 7 March 2017 and is built on a modified carbon monocoque, which is lighter and stiffer than the previous model, the 650S.
Eamonn McCabe
Eamonn McCabe (28 July 1948 – 2 October 2022) was a British photographer. He began as a sports photographer and later worked in editorial portrait photography. Many of his portraits are held in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery, London.

Portrait photography
Portrait photography, or portraiture, is a type of photography aimed toward capturing the personality of a person or group of people by using effective lighting, backdrops, and poses. A portrait photograph may be artistic or clinical. Frequently, portraits are commissioned for special occasions, such as weddings, school events, or commercial purposes. Portraits can serve many purposes, ranging from usage on a personal web site to display in the lobby of a business.
Duff Cooper
Alfred Duff Cooper, 1st Viscount Norwich, GCMG, DSO, PC (22 February 1890 – 1 January 1954), known as Duff Cooper, was a British Conservative Party politician and diplomat who was also a military and political historian and writer.

First elected to Parliament in 1924, he lost his seat in 1929 but returned to Parliament in the 1931 Westminster St George's by-election, which was seen as a referendum on Stanley Baldwin's leadership of the Conservative Party. He later served in the Cabinet as Secretary of State for War and First Lord of the Admiralty. He resigned from the cabinet over the Munich Agreement of 1938.

When Winston Churchill became prime minister in May 1940, he named Cooper as Minister of Information. In 1941, as a member of the Cabinet, Cooper served as British Minister in Singapore before its fall to the Japanese. He later served an important role as representative to Charles de Gaulle's Free France (1943–1944) and ambassador to France from 1944 to 1948.

First Lord of the Admiralty
First Lord of the Admiralty, or formally the Office of the First Lord of the Admiralty, was the title of the political head of the English and later British Royal Navy. He was the government's senior adviser on all naval affairs, responsible for the direction and control of the Admiralty, and also of general administration of the Naval Service of the Kingdom of England, Great Britain in the 18th century, and then the United Kingdom, including the Royal Navy, the Royal Marines, and other services. It was one of the earliest known permanent government posts. Apart from being the political head of the Naval Service the post holder was simultaneously the pre-eminent member of the Board of Admiralty. The office of First Lord of the Admiralty existed from 1628 until it was abolished when the Admiralty, Air Ministry, Ministry of Defence and War Office were all merged to form the new Ministry of Defence in 1964. Its modern-day equivalent is the Secretary of State for Defence.
St. Wenceslaus Church, Chicago
St. Wenceslaus (Polish: Kościół Świętego Wacława) is a church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago located at 3400 North Monticello Avenue in the Avondale neighborhood of  Chicago, Illinois, USA.

One of the many Polish churches visible from the Kennedy Expressway, it is along with St. Hyacinth Basilica, one of two monumental religious edifices that dominate the Avondale skyline. It is well-known for its unique architecture, as well as being the site where the photographer and historic preservationist Richard Nickel was married.

Although the historic church is a stop for many tourists visiting the landmark Villa District, this majestic Romanesque-Art Deco hybrid is actually a few blocks south of the district's formal boundaries. St Wenceslaus is accessible via the Blue Line's Addison street station.

Archdiocese of Chicago
The Archdiocese of Chicago (Latin: Archidiœcesis Chicagiensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in Northeastern Illinois, in the United States. The Vatican erected it as a diocese in 1843 and elevated it to an archdiocese in 1880. Cardinal Blase Joseph Cupich is the archbishop. The cathedral parish for the archdiocese is Holy Name Cathedral in Chicago.

The archdiocese serves over 2 million Catholics in Cook and Lake counties, an area of 1,411 square miles (3,650 km2). It is the metropolitan see of the province of Chicago.
Eduardo Año
Eduardo Manahan Año (Tagalog: [ʔɛdˈwaɾdo ˈaɲo]; born October 26, 1961) is a Filipino public official and retired general of the Philippine Army who currently serves as the National Security Adviser under the administration of President Bongbong Marcos since 2023. He previously served as Secretary of the Interior and Local Government in the Cabinet of President Rodrigo Duterte from 2018 to 2022, the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines from 2016 to 2017, and the Commanding General of the Philippine Army from 2015 to 2016. At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines, Año, along with the rest of the Philippine government's Cabinet Secretaries, became part of the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases, a task force formed to advise the President on the strategies which would effectively manage the spread of COVID-19 in the country.

Secretary of the Interior and Local Government
The secretary of the interior and local government (Filipino: Kalihim ng Interyor at Pamahalaang Lokal) is the member of the Cabinet in charge of the Department of the Interior and Local Government.

The seat of the secretary of the interior and local government is currently held by Jonvic Remulla since 2024.
Caroline van der Plas
Caroline Ann Maria van der Plas (pronounced [ˈkɛrəlɑiɱ vɑn dər ˈplɑs]; born 6 June 1967) is a Dutch journalist and politician who has served as a member of the House of Representatives since 2021. A former member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), which she left in 2019, she is the founder of the Farmer–Citizen Movement (BBB).

2021 Dutch general election
General elections were held in the Netherlands from 15 to 17 March 2021 to elect all 150 members of the House of Representatives. Following the elections and lengthy coalition formation talks, the sitting government remained in power.

The elections had originally been scheduled to take place on 17 March; however, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the government decided to open some polling stations two days in advance to ensure safe voting for elderly and immunocompromised citizens. Citizens aged 70 years or older were also given the opportunity to vote by post.
Ainura Sagyn
Ainura Sagyn (Kyrgyz: Айнура Сагын; born 1989) is a Kyrgyzstani computer engineer, ecofeminist and entrepreneur. She has been profiled by UN Women and chosen as one of the BBC's 100 inspirational women in 2022.

100 Women (BBC)
100 Women is a BBC multi-format series established in 2013. The annual series examines the role of women in the 21st century and has included events in London and Mexico. Announcement of the list is the start of an international "BBC's women season", lasting three weeks including broadcast, online reports, debates and journalism on the topic of women. Women around the world are encouraged to participate via social media and comment on the list, as well as on the interviews and debates that follow release of the list.
2024 raid on the Mexican embassy in Quito
On 5 April 2024, the Mexican embassy in Quito was raided by Ecuadorian police and military forces. Mexico and numerous other countries decried the raid as a violation of the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations and the 1954 Caracas Convention on Diplomatic Asylum.

The raid was carried out to arrest the former vice president of Ecuador, Jorge Glas, who had been sentenced for corruption and had been living in the embassy since 17 December 2023. A few hours before the attack, he had been granted political asylum.

The assault led to Mexico severing its relations with Ecuador. The following day, Nicaragua followed suit in solidarity with Mexico. Venezuela closed its embassy and consulates in Ecuador due to the raid, condemning Ecuador's actions.

Right of asylum
The right of asylum, sometimes called right of political asylum (asylum from Ancient Greek  ἄσυλον (ásulon) 'sanctuary'), is a juridical concept, under which people persecuted by their own rulers might be protected by another sovereign authority, such as a second country or another entity which in medieval times could offer sanctuary. This right was recognized by the Ancient Egyptians, the Greeks, and the Hebrews, from whom it was adopted into Western tradition. René Descartes fled to the Netherlands, Voltaire to England, and Thomas Hobbes to France, because each state offered protection to persecuted foreigners. Contemporary right of asylum is founded on the non-binding Universal Declaration of Human Rights.