hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kalashnikovo, Tver Oblast
Kalashnikovo (Russian: Кала́шниково) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Likhoslavlsky District of Tver Oblast, Russia. Population:  5,001 (2010 Census); 5,198 (2002 Census); 5,572 (1989 Soviet census).

Tver Oblast
Tver Oblast (Russian: Тверская область, romanized: Tverskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [tvʲɪrˈskajə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Tver. From 1935 to 1990, it was known as Kalinin Oblast (Russian: Калининская область). Population: 1,353,392 (2010 census).

Tver Oblast is a region of lakes, such as Seliger and Brosno. Much of the remaining area is occupied by the Valdai Hills, where the Volga, the Western Dvina, and the Dnieper have their source.

Tver Oblast is one of the tourist regions of Russia with a modern tourist infrastructure. There are many historic towns, such as Torzhok, Zubtsov, Kashin, Vyshny Volochyok, and Kalyazin. The oldest of these is Rzhev, primarily known for the Battles of Rzhev in World War II and the Rzhev Memorial. Staritsa was the seat of the last appanage principality in Russia, while Ostashkov, located on lake Seliger, is a major center of recreational and nature tourism.
Persitara North Jakarta
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Jakarta Utara (simply known as Persitara Jakarta Utara) is an Indonesian football club based in North Jakarta, Special Capital Region of Jakarta. They set to compete in Liga Nusantara from 2025–26 season, the third tier of Indonesian football after promotion from Liga 4 in 2024–25 season. The club's home base are the Tugu Stadium.

2024–25 Liga 4
The 2024–25 Liga 4 was the inaugural season of the Liga 4, a football league newly established by the PSSI as the fourth tier in the current league system, and the only amateur competition within the structure. The competition is organized by the PSSI Provincial Associations during the provincial phase and by the PSSI during the national phase.

Tri Brata Rafflesia won their first national trophy in the club history, after defeating Persika Karanganyar in the final match.
1997 Asian PGA Tour
The 1997 Asian PGA Tour, titled as the 1997 Omega Tour for sponsorship reasons, was the third season of the Asian PGA Tour, one of the main professional golf tours in Asia (outside of Japan) alongside the long established Asia Golf Circuit.

It was the third season of the tour under a title sponsorship agreement with Omega SA, that was announced in September 1995.

Asian Tour
The Asian Tour is the principal men's professional golf tour in Asia except for Japan (which has its own Japan Golf Tour). It is also a full member of the International Federation of PGA Tours. Official money events on the tour count for Official World Golf Ranking points.

The Asian Tour is administered from Singapore. It is controlled by a board with a majority of professional golfers, and a Tournament Players Committee of its player members, supported by an executive team. The chairman of the board is the Indonesian businessman Jimmy Masrin.
Harry Curtis (football manager)
Henry Charles Curtis (22 January 1890 – 30 January 1966) was an English footballer, referee and manager, best-remembered for his 23 years as manager of Brentford. He is Brentford's longest-serving and most successful manager to date. In a 2013 Football League 125th anniversary poll, Curtis was voted Brentford's greatest-ever manager. He was posthumously inducted into the Brentford Hall of Fame in May 2015.

Brentford F.C. Hall of Fame
Brentford Football Club is an English professional football club based in Brentford, London. Between 1897 and 1920, the first team competed in the London League, Southern League and Western League. Since 1920, the first team has competed in the Football League, the Premier League and other nationally and internationally organised competitions. All players who have been inducted into the club's Hall of Fame are listed below.

The Brentford Hall of Fame was founded in 1991 and the inaugural inductions were former players Idris Hopkins, Joe James and former player and manager Malky MacDonald. 10 former players and staff members were the most recent inductees in November 2024 and the total number of inductees is 69. The Hall of Fame is administered jointly by the club and the Brentford F.C. Former Players’ Association.
Karl Friedrich von dem Knesebeck
Karl Friedrich von dem Knesebeck (5 May 1768– 12 January 1848) was a Prussian field marshal and military adviser in the Napoleonic Wars, best known for designing the campaign plan of the Battle of the Nations and the subsequent invasion of France. As aide-de-camp to the king from 1813, and thereby his closest military advisor, he was a key figure in Prussia's military policy throughout the War of the Sixth Coalition and the subsequent Congress of Vienna.

Gerhard von Scharnhorst
Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst (12 November 1755 – 28 June 1813) was a Hanoverian-born general in Prussian service from 1801. As the first Chief of the Prussian General Staff, he was noted for his military theories, his reforms of the Prussian army, and his leadership during the Napoleonic Wars. Scharnhorst limited the use of corporal punishments, established promotion for merit, abolished the enrollment of foreigners, began the organization of a reserve army, and organized and simplified the military administration.
2014 Nevada elections
Elections were held in Nevada on November 4, 2014. On that date, the state held elections for Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of State, Treasurer, Controller, U.S. House of Representatives, Nevada Senate, Nevada Assembly, and various others. In addition, several measures were on the ballot.

The active political parties participated in the 2014 election were the two major political parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party as well as the minor political parties of the Independent American Party of Nevada, the Nevada Green Party, and the Libertarian Party of Nevada. There are also unaffiliated, non-partisan candidates.

Nevada State Controller
The Nevada state controller is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Nevada. Twenty-two individuals have held the office of State Controller since statehood. The incumbent is Andy Matthews, a Republican.
Pine Flat Lake
Pine Flat Lake is an artificial lake or reservoir in the Sierra Nevada foothills of eastern Fresno County, California on the western north-south border to the Sierra- and Sequoia National Forests, about 30 mi (48 km) east of Fresno. The lake is managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and is open to boaters, campers & hikers.

The lake was formed by the construction of Pine Flat Dam on the Kings River in 1954 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and has a storage capacity of 1,000,000 acre⋅ft (1.2 km3). Although it was primarily designed for flood control, the project also provides for irrigation and groundwater recharge, recreation, and with the completion in 1984 of the Jeff L. Taylor Pine Flat Power Plant, generation of 165 Megawatts hydroelectric power.

Sequoia National Forest
Sequoia National Forest is a U.S. national forest located in the southern Sierra Nevada mountains of California. It is named for the majestic Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) trees which populate 38 distinct groves within its boundaries.

The Giant Sequoia National Monument is located in the national forest. Other notable features include glacier-carved landscapes and impressive granite monoliths. The Needles are a series of granite spires atop a narrow ridge above the Kern River. Forest Service headquarters are located in Porterville, California. There are local ranger district offices in Dunlap, Kernville, Lake Isabella, and Springville.
Waldkirch
Waldkirch (German pronunciation: [ˈvaltˌkɪʁç] ⓘ) is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located 15 kilometers northeast of Freiburg im Breisgau. While the English translation of its name is Forest Church, it is known as the "town of mechanical organs", where fairground organs played on the streets were long manufactured by such well-known firms as Carl Frei (later of Breda, Netherlands), Andreas Ruth and Son, and Wilhelm Bruder and Sons.  The largest employers today are SICK AG, which manufactures optical sensors, Faller AG, which prints pharmaceutical packages and inserts, and Mack Rides, which exports amusement park and water park rides worldwide. Cultural events include the Klappe 11 Cinema festival, the Organ Festival and the Peter Feuchtwanger Piano Masterclass.

Carl Frei

A. Ruth & Sohn

Wilhelm Bruder Söhne

Barrel organ
A barrel organ (also called roller organ or crank organ) is a French mechanical musical instrument consisting of bellows and one or more ranks of pipes housed in a case, usually of wood, and often highly decorated. The basic principle is the same as a traditional pipe organ, but rather than being played by an organist, the barrel organ is activated either by a person turning a crank, or by clockwork driven by weights or springs. The pieces of music are encoded onto wooden barrels (or cylinders), which are analogous to the keyboard of the traditional pipe organ.  A person (or in some cases, a trained animal) who plays a barrel organ is known as an organ grinder.
Alpheus tricolor
Alpheus tricolor is a crustacean belonging to the family of snapping shrimp. It was first isolated in Indonesia and Sri Lanka. It counts with a setose carapace, an acute rostrum, shallow adrostral furrows and a basicerite with a strong ventrolateral tooth. The lamella of its scaphocerite is not reduced, with an anterior margin that is concave. Its third maxilliped counts with an epipodial plate bearing thick setae, while its first chelipeds are found with their merus bearing a strong disto-mesial tooth; its third pereiopod has an armed ischium, with a simple and conical dactylus. Its telson is broad, distally tapering, with 2 pairs of dorsal spines. The species is named after its characteristic colour pattern, including white, red and orange.

Chelae
A chela (/ˈkiːlə/) – also called a claw, nipper, or pincer – is a pincer-shaped organ at the end of certain limbs of some arthropods. The name comes from Ancient Greek χηλή (khēlḗ), through Neo-Latin chela. The plural form is chelae. Legs bearing a chela are called chelipeds. Another name is claw because most chelae are curved and have a sharp point like a claw.

Chelae can be present at the tips of arthropod legs as well as their pedipalps. In some pseudoscorpions, the chelate pedipalps can be venomous. Chelae can be functionally overlapping with chelicerae, which specifically refers to appendages used as mouthparts in Chelicerata. In spiders those usually contain venom glands, but in other chelicerate allies the chelicerae can be chelate without venom glands.
Varun Sood (actor)
Varun Sood (born 1 April 1995) is an Indian actor, model and former VJ. He is known for participating in reality shows like MTV Roadies, MTV Splitsvilla, Ace of Space and Khatron Ke Khiladi. He made his acting debut with Ragini MMS: Returns, and is also recognized for his roles in Karmma Calling and Call Me Bae.

Khatron Ke Khiladi 11
Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi, Darr vs Dare is the eleventh season of Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi, an Indian reality and stunt television series produced by Endemol Shine India. The show aired from 17 July to 26 September 2021, on Colors TV. Filmed in Cape Town, South Africa, it was hosted by Rohit Shetty. Arjun Bijlani emerged as winner of this season while Divyanka Tripathi became the 1st runner up.
Cindy Timchal
Cindy Timchal is an American lacrosse coach.  She is the head women's lacrosse coach at the United States Naval Academy. She has coached for some of the top programs in college women's lacrosse, including Northwestern University, University of Maryland. At Maryland Timchal coached the Terrapins to seven straight NCAA Division I Women's Lacrosse Championships.

Maryland Terrapins women's lacrosse
The Maryland Terrapins women's lacrosse team represents the University of Maryland in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I women's college lacrosse. The Maryland program has won 15 national championships, the most of any women's lacrosse program. The Terrapins have also made the most NCAA tournament appearances, won the most tournament games, and made the most NCAA championship game appearances. Before the NCAA sanctioned women's lacrosse, Maryland also won the AIAW national championship in 1981.

Starting with the 2014–15 season, the Terrapins joined the Big Ten women's lacrosse league.
Brosseau, Alberta
Brosseau (English: /ˈbruːsoʊ/) is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada within the County of Two Hills No. 21.  It is located on the north bank of the North Saskatchewan River along the Highway 29 / Highway 36 concurrency, 50 km (31 mi) southwest of St. Paul.  The hamlet of Duvernay is located immediately across the river along the south bank.

The hamlet has the name of Edmond Brosseau, an early settler.

Before Brosseau existed, a previous settlement had been created on the same site.  Founded by Father Lacombe as Saint-Paul-des-Cris, it was a Catholic mission to the Cree which was established in 1865 and abandoned in 1874 due to Cree reluctance to adopt an agricultural lifestyle and several crop failures.  Lacombe would try again nearby in 1896 with a new settlement called Saint-Paul-des-Métis, which also struggled until it was opened to white Francophones in 1909.

St. Paul, Alberta
St. Paul, originally known as St-Paul-de-Métis or St-Paul-des-Métis, is a town in East-Northern Alberta, Canada that is surrounded by the County of St. Paul No. 19. It was known as St. Paul de(s) Métis between 1912 and 1936.

The community of St-Paul-de-Métis has historical significance related to the Métis people in the region. The area was settled by Métis families who played a vital role in the fur trade and the early development of the region. The Métis, with their mixed Indigenous and European ancestry, established themselves in the area and contributed to its cultural heritage.

The community takes its name from the Catholic mission and parish established in the late 19th century. The parish was dedicated to Saint Paul the Apostle and became a focal point for religious, social, and cultural activities for the local Métis population.
William Findley
William Findley (c. 1741 – April 4, 1821) was an Irish-born farmer and politician from Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. He served in both houses of the state legislature and represented Pennsylvania in the U.S. House from 1791 until 1799 and from 1803 to 1817. By the end of his career, he was the longest serving member of the House, and was the first to hold the honorary title "Father of the House". Findley was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1789.

Pennsylvania General Assembly
The Pennsylvania General Assembly is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is a bicameral body consisting of an upper house, the Pennsylvania State Senate, with 50 members, and a lower house, the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, with 203 members. The legislature convenes in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg.

During colonial times (1682–1776), the legislature was known as the Pennsylvania Provincial Assembly and was unicameral. Since the Constitution of 1776, the legislature has been known as the General Assembly. The General Assembly became a bicameral legislature in 1791.
Mignon (novel)
Mignon is a historical novel by James M. Cain published by the Dial Press in 1962. 
Along with Past All Dishonor (1946), Mignon is one of Cain’s two historical novels set during the American Civil War.

Cain's virtues as a master of the first-person narrative form are adulterated in Mignon, when his protagonist's confessional recounting of events takes on the “forced rhetoric”  of some of Cain's disappointing third-person novels.

Regarding his novel Mignon, the product of over ten years of research and revision, Cain lamented “it was the most ill-starred venture I ever embarked on.”

Past All Dishonor
Past All Dishonor is a historical novel by James M. Cain published by Alfred A. Knopf in 1946. The story is set during the American Civil War concerning a tragic love affair between a Confederate spy and a mining-camp prostitute in California and Nevada.
The novel, praised by many critics, was one of Cain's most profitable literary successes.
Wrecks of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror National Historic Site
The Wrecks of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror National Historic Site is a National Historic Site near King William Island in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut. It protects the wrecks of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror, the two ships of the last expedition of Sir John Franklin, lost in the 1840s during their search for the Northwest Passage and then re-discovered in 2014 and 2016. The site is jointly managed by Parks Canada and the local Inuit. Public access to the site is not permitted.

King William Island
King William Island (Inuktitut: Qikiqtaq, French: Île du Roi-Guillaume; previously: King William Land) is an island in the Kitikmeot Region of Nunavut, which is part of the Arctic Archipelago. In area it is between 12,516 km2 (4,832 sq mi) and 13,111 km2 (5,062 sq mi) making it the 61st-largest island in the world and Canada's 15th-largest island. Its population, as of the 2021 census, was 1,349, all of whom live in the island's only community, Gjoa Haven.

While searching for the Northwest Passage, a number of polar explorers visited, or spent their winters on, King William Island.
Elections in Vermont
Elections in Vermont are authorized under Chapter II of the Vermont State Constitution, articles 43–49, which establishes elections for the state level officers, cabinet, and legislature. Articles 50–53 establish the election of county-level officers.

Elections are regulated under state statute, Title 17. The office of the Vermont Secretary of State has an Elections Division that oversees the execution of elections under state law.

According to a ranking by the Electoral Integrity Project in 2018,  Vermont ranked first among U.S. states in terms of electoral integrity. It scored 83 out of 100, its highest score being in the electoral procedures and results section (93) and lowest in the voter registration section (70).

In a 2020 study, Vermont was ranked as the 9th easiest state for citizens to vote in.

Constitution of Vermont
The Constitution of the State of Vermont is the fundamental body of law of the U.S. state of Vermont, describing and framing its government. It was adopted in 1793 following Vermont's admission to the Union in 1791 and is largely based upon the 1777 Constitution of the Vermont Republic which was drafted at Windsor in the Old Constitution House and amended in 1786. At 8,295 words, it is the shortest U.S. state constitution. Largely unchanged since 1777, Vermont's Constitution is the only active constitutional document to have been drafted and ratified outside of the United States.
Barry James Thompson
Barry James Thompson (born 1978) is an Australian and British developmental biologist and cancer biologist. Thompson is known for identifying genes, proteins and mechanisms involved in epithelial polarity, morphogenesis and cell signaling via the Wnt and Hippo signaling pathways, which have key roles in human cancer.

Developmental biology
Developmental biology is the scientific study of the processes by which animals and plants grow and develop. The field of developmental biology is further defined by its study of phenomena such as regeneration, asexual reproduction, metamorphosis, and the growth and differentiation of stem cells within the adult organism.
Christa Anbeek
Christa Anbeek (Barneveld, 1961) is a Dutch theologist, professor and rector of the Remonstrants seminary. In her position she is a major figure of the Remonstrants brotherhood, a faith community committed to a free and tolerant Christianity, in the Arminian tradition.

Remonstrants
The Remonstrants (or the Remonstrant Brotherhood) is a Protestant movement that split from the Dutch Reformed Church in the early 17th century. The early Remonstrants supported Jacobus Arminius, and after his death, continued to maintain his original views, called Arminianism, against the proponents of Calvinism. Condemned by the synod of Dort (1618–1619), the Remonstrants remained a small minority in the Netherlands. In the middle of the 19th century, the Remonstrant Brotherhood was influenced by the liberal Dutch theological movement.
Bulusan Volcano Natural Park
The Bulusan Volcano Natural Park is a 3,673-hectare (9,080-acre) protected area of rainforest surrounding Mount Bulusan in the Philippines. It was first designated as a National Park by Proclamation no. 811 on June 7, 1935. Under the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) of 1992 managed by the Department of the Environment and Natural Resources, the park was reclassified as a Natural Park by Proc. 421 on November 27, 2000. The area features the volcano itself, Bulusan Lake, the two other mountains known as the 'Sharp Peak' and 'Hormahan' and Lake Aguingay. The park is in the south central part of Sorsogon Province, southern Luzon, Bicol Region, Philippines, bounded by five municipalities: Bulusan, Barcelona, Irosin, Juban and Casiguran.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources
The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Kapaligiran at Likas na Yaman) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for the conservation, management, development, and proper use of the country’s environment in natural resources, specifically forest and grazing lands, mineral resources, including those in reservation and watershed areas, and lands of the public domain, as well as the licensing and regulation of all natural resources as may be provided for by law in order to ensure equitable sharing of the benefits derived therefrom for the welfare of the present and future generations of Filipinos.
Warren National University
Warren National University, previously known as Kennedy-Western University, was an unaccredited private distance learning university that claimed to offer undergraduate and graduate degrees in the United States from 1984 to 2009. It has been described by federal investigators, Congressional testimony, and news sources as a diploma mill Its administrative offices were located in Agoura Hills, California.

Diploma mill
A diploma mill or degree mill is a business that sells illegitimate diplomas or academic degrees. The term diploma mill is also used pejoratively to describe any educational institution with low standards for admission and graduation, low career placement rate, or low average starting salaries of its graduates.

The degrees can be fabricated, falsified, or misrepresented. These businesses may claim to give credit for relevant life experience but without actual prior learning assessment programs. They may also claim to evaluate work history or require submission of a thesis or dissertation for evaluation to give an appearance of authenticity. Diploma mills are frequently supported by accreditation mills set up for the purpose of providing an appearance of authenticity. Diploma mills are considered a global threat to academic integrity.
Grzegorczyk hierarchy
The Grzegorczyk hierarchy (/ɡrɛˈɡɔːrtʃək/, Polish pronunciation: [ɡʐɛˈɡɔrt͡ʂɨk]), named after the Polish logician Andrzej Grzegorczyk, is a hierarchy of functions used in computability theory. Every function in the Grzegorczyk hierarchy is a primitive recursive function, and every primitive recursive function appears in the hierarchy at some level. The hierarchy deals with the rate at which the values of the functions grow; intuitively, functions in lower levels of the hierarchy grow slower than functions in the higher levels.

Andrzej Grzegorczyk
Andrzej Grzegorczyk ([ˈandʐɛj ɡʐɛˈɡɔrt͡ʂɨk]; 22 August 1922 – 20 March 2014) was a Polish logician, mathematician, philosopher and ethicist. He was noted for his work in computability, mathematical logic and the foundations of mathematics.