hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New York State Route 115
New York State Route 115 (NY 115) is a 12.45-mile (20.04 km) long state highway located entirely within Dutchess County, New York. The route runs from an intersection with U.S. Route 44 (US 44) and NY 55 in the city of Poughkeepsie along the former Salt Point Turnpike to an interchange with the Taconic State Parkway in Clinton. Throughout its length NY 115 is maintained by the city of Poughkeepsie, Dutchess County (as CR 75), and the New York State Department of Transportation. When NY 115 terminates at the Taconic State Parkway, the Salt Point Turnpike continues as County Route 17 (CR 17) for another four miles to NY 82 in Stanford.
NY 115 was designated on April 1, 1980 as part of a maintenance swap by the New York State Department of Transportation, which took over the portion from Smith Street to the Taconic Parkway that was originally CR 75. The portion of the turnpike from the Poughkeepsie city line to Innis Avenue was re-designated New York State Route 984A.

U.S. Route 44
U.S. Route 44 (US 44) is an east–west United States Numbered Highway that runs for 237 miles (381 km) through four states in the Northeastern United States. The western terminus is at US 209 and New York State Route 55 (NY 55) in Kerhonkson, New York, a hamlet in the Hudson Valley region. The eastern terminus is at Route 3A in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
Satake Yoshimine
Satake Yoshimine (佐竹義峯, October 14, 1690 – September 21, 1749)  was the 5th daimyō of Kubota Domain in Dewa Province, Japan (modern-day Akita Prefecture), and then 23rd hereditary chieftain of the Satake clan. His courtesy title was Ukyō-no-taifu and Jijū, and later Sakonoeshōshō and his Court rank was Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade.

Kubota Domain
Kubota Domain (久保田藩, Kubota han) was a feudal domain in Edo period Japan, located in Dewa Province (modern-day Akita Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Kubota Castle in what is now the city of Akita and was thus also known as the Akita Domain (秋田藩, Akita han). It was governed for the whole of its history by the Satake clan. During its rule over Kubota, the Satake clan was ranked as a Province-holding daimyō (国持ち大名, kunimochi daimyō) family, and as such, had the privilege of shogunal audiences in the Great Hall (Ohiroma) of Edo Castle.

In the Boshin War of 1868–69, the domain joined the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei, the alliance of northern domains supporting the Tokugawa shogunate, but then later defected to the imperial side. As with all other domains, it was disbanded in 1871.
Reckitt baronets
The Reckitt baronetcy, of Swanland Manor in the Parish of North Ferriby in the East Riding of the County of York, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 17 July 1894 for the businessman and philanthropist James Reckitt. The second Baronet sat as member of parliament for Pontefract and Brigg. The title became extinct on the death of the third Baronet in 1944.

James Reckitt
Sir James Reckitt, 1st Baronet (15 November 1833 – 18 March 1924) was a founder of the household products company Reckitt and Sons, developed from his father Isaac Reckitt's starch and laundry blue business.
Tang Xianhu
Tang Xianhu (Chinese: 汤仙虎; pinyin: Tāng Xiānhǔ; Indonesian: Fuad Nurhadi; born 13 March 1942) is an Indonesia-born Chinese former badminton player and coach. In the early days of his career, Tang was unable to participate in international competitions due to political factors, but he defeated the world's top players many times during overseas visits and exchanges, and was known as the "Uncrowned King" in badminton. He won the Asian Games men's team gold in 1974 and  mixed doubles gold in 1978. After retiring, he started coaching in China and Indonesia. Many of the players he coached had won the World Championships and/or Olympic gold medals such as Lin Ying, Wu Dixi, Li Lingwei, Han Aiping, Ji Xinpeng, Xia Xuanze, Sun Jun, Lin Dan, Cai Yun, Fu Haifeng, Alan Budikusuma and Hendrawan. In 2002, he was inducted into the Badminton Hall of Fame.

Sun Jun (badminton)
Sun Jun (simplified Chinese: 孙俊; traditional Chinese: 孫俊; pinyin: Sūn Jùn; born 16 June 1975) is a former world number 1 singles badminton player from China in the late 1990s whose resume includes the World Championship, World Cup, Asian Championship and All England men's singles titles. He was known for his all-round defensive ability as well as his never-say-die attitude on court as exemplified by his famous match with Peter Rasmussen whereby he suffered a severe leg cramp during mid-match but basically carried on to finish an entire set limping on one leg, at one point leading by 10-3 due to intelligent play before succumbing to his opponent.

He is married to the great doubles badminton player Ge Fei.
Income inequality in China
The economy of the People's Republic of China has a high degree of income inequality. According to the Asian Development Bank Institute, "before China implemented reform and opening-up policies in 1978, its income distribution pattern was characterized as egalitarian in all aspects."

A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) estimated that China's Gini coefficient increased from 0.30 to 0.55 between 1980 and 2002. At this time, the Gini coefficient for rural–urban inequality was only 0.16. As of 2019, the official Gini coefficient in China was 0.465; inequality was at its highest in the 2000s, with numerous sources reporting a significant decline in the 2010s.

Income distribution
In economics, income distribution covers how a country's total GDP is distributed amongst its population. Economic theory and economic policy have long seen income and its distribution as a central concern. Unequal distribution of income causes economic inequality which is a concern in almost all countries around the world.
Karketu Dili F.C.
Karketu Dili Futebol Clube is a Timorese professional football club based in Dili, that competes in the Liga Futebol Timor-Leste, the top tier domestic league since its inception in 2016. The club are the current reigning champions of Timor-Leste, winning the league title in 2025. Karketu is also the most successful club in the nation, having won the Premeira Divisão league title a record four times, alongside one LFA Super Taça.

The club wins the Premeira Divisão in 2017, finishing with a total of 28 points, 3 above runners up AS Ponte Leste. They also finished runner-up in the competition in both the 2018 Premeira Divisão to champions Boavista. The club have won a record of four league titles and one LFA Super Taça.

Liga Futebol Timor-Leste Primeira Divisão
Liga Futebol Timor-Leste Primeira Divisão (often referred to as the Primeira Divisão) is the men's top level professional football competition of Timor Leste in the Timorense football league system. It forms part of the Liga Futebol Timor-Leste league system.
Thomas Ruff
Thomas Ruff (born 10 February 1958) is a German photographer who lives and works in Düsseldorf, Germany. He has been described as "a master of edited and reimagined images".

Ruff shares a studio on Düsseldorf's Hansaallee, with fellow German photographers Laurenz Berges, Andreas Gursky and Axel Hütte. The studio, a former municipal electricity station, includes a basement gallery.

Andreas Gursky
Andreas Gursky (born 15 January 1955) is a German artist best known for his photography. He is a former professor at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, Germany.

He is known for his large-scale colour photographs of architecture, landscapes and contemporary life—crowds, consumer goods and the infrastructures of global capitalism—combining methodical observation with digital construction to achieve an all-over, hyper-detailed image field. His works reach some of the highest prices in the art market. His photograph Rhein II was sold at Christie's for $4,338,500 on 8 November 2011. At the time it was the most expensive photograph ever sold at auction, and it remains the most expensive photograph by a living photographer.

He was also involved in the establishment of the Deutsches Fotoinstitut (German Institute for Photography) in Düsseldorf, the first national institution for photography in Germany.
Nankali post system
The Nankali post system is a post and cores prosthesis, which is used in prosthodontology and dental restoration. This post and core consists of a single smooth or serrated post and core which has an additional circle ring (counter sink)  around it.

The additional single-circle ring increases the contact surface area between the core and involved part of tooth significantly. Increased contact surface area decreases the pressure between the two objects (remaining part of the tooth and post-core) and is followed by a declining in the number of failures in treatments.

Dental restoration
Dental restoration, dental fillings, or simply fillings are treatments used to restore the function, integrity, and morphology of tooth structure lost due to decay (caries), trauma, or wear. Fillings may also be used to replace or seal tooth structure around dental implants or after more extensive procedures such as root-canal therapy. There are two broad categories of fillings: direct restorations, placed and shaped directly inside a cleaned cavity in a single dental visit, and indirect restorations (such as inlays or onlays), which are fabricated outside the mouth (often in a laboratory) and then cemented into the tooth. Materials for direct fillings commonly include amalgam (metal) or tooth-colored composite and glass-ionomer, while indirect restorations may use ceramics, metal alloys, or porcelain for greater durability and structural support.
Peter George (professor)
Peter James George, CM, O.Ont (September 12, 1941 – April 27, 2017) was a Canadian economist and university administrator.  On June 30, 2010, he retired after serving three five year terms as President and Vice-Chancellor of McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario.

Order of Ontario
The Order of Ontario (French: Ordre de l'Ontario) is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Ontario. Instituted in 1986 by Lieutenant Governor Lincoln Alexander, on the advice of the Cabinet under Premier David Peterson, the civilian order is administered by the Lieutenant Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Ontario residents for conspicuous achievements in any field.
Atiu
Ātiu, also known as ʻEnuamanu (meaning land of the birds), is an island of the Cook Islands archipelago, lying in the central-southern Pacific Ocean. Part of the Nga-pu-Toru, it is 214 km (133 mi) northeast of Rarotonga. The population of the 26.9 square kilometres (10.4 sq mi) island has dropped by two-thirds in the last 50 years.

Rarotonga
Rarotonga is the largest and most populous island of the country of the Cook Islands. The island is volcanic, with an area of 67.39 km2 (26.02 sq mi), and is home to 72% of the country's population, with 10,898 of a total population of 15,040. Avarua, on the north coast, is the location of the Parliament buildings and the capital of the Cook Islands. The country's international airport is also in Avarua, and Rarotonga is a popular tourist destination, with many resorts, hotels and motels.

Rarotonga has been populated by a Polynesian people since late in the 1st millennium. Captain John Dibbs, master of the colonial brig Endeavour, is credited as the European discoverer, on 25 July 1823 while transporting the missionary Reverend John Williams.
Atychodracon
Atychodracon is an extinct genus of rhomaleosaurid plesiosaurian known from the Late Triassic - Early Jurassic boundary (probably early Hettangian stage) of England. It contains a single species, Atychodracon megacephalus, named in 1846 originally as a species of Plesiosaurus. The holotype of "P." megacephalus was destroyed during a World War II air raid in 1940 and was later replaced with a neotype. The species had a very unstable taxonomic history, being referred to four different genera by various authors until a new genus name was created for it in 2015. Apart from the destroyed holotype and its three partial casts (that survived), a neotype and two additional individuals are currently referred to Atychodracon megacephalus, making it a relatively well represented rhomaleosaurid.

Rhomaleosauridae
Rhomaleosauridae is a family of plesiosaurs from the Earliest Jurassic to the latest Middle Jurassic (Hettangian to Callovian stages) of Europe, North America, South America and possibly Asia. Most rhomaleosaurids are known from England, many specifically from lower Blue Lias deposits that date back to the earliest Jurassic, just at the boundary with the Triassic. In fact, to date only two undisputed rhomaleosaurids were named from outside Europe - the closely related Borealonectes russelli and Maresaurus coccai from Canada and Argentina, respectively. These two species are also the only Middle Jurassic representatives of the family. Rhomaleosauridae was formally named by Kuhn in 1961, originally proposed to include Rhomaleosaurus cramptoni and its relatives, which have short necks and large heads relatively to plesiosauroids like Elasmosaurus and Plesiosaurus, but longer necks and smaller heads relatively to advanced pliosaurids like Pliosaurus and Kronosaurus.
Choe Hwi
Choe Hwi (Korean: 최휘, born 1954) is a North Korean politician. He was a Vice Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) and the chairman of the State Physical Culture and Sports Guidance Commission. Choe's portfolio as the Vice Chairman of the party covered workers' and social organizations affairs. Choe was also an alternate member of the Politburo of the WPK, member of the Central Committee of the WPK, and a deputy to the Supreme People's Assembly.

Choe was a relatively low-profile politician working in the cultural field and the Kim Il Sung Socialist Youth League until about 2013 or 2014. With his ascension to the post of senior deputy director of the Propaganda and Agitation Department (PAD) in 2013, he became seen as a potential successor to propaganda chief Kim Ki-nam. After becoming the chairman of the State Physical Culture and Sports Guidance Commission in 2017, Choe was seen as rising to the power elite of the country.

Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea
The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) were offices that existed within the WPK between 1949–66 and 2016–21. The office of "Chairman of the Central Committee" existed between 1949–66 and the office of "Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea" existed in 2016–21. The deputy to the Chairman, the officeholder of Vice Chairman of the Central Committee existed in 1949–66 and 2016–21. This list also includes the chairmen and vice chairmen of the direct predecessors of the WPK.
Puerto Rico Highway 198
Puerto Rico Highway 198 (PR-198) is a 15-kilometre-long (9 mi) highway that parallels Puerto Rico Highway 30 from Juncos, Puerto Rico, to Humacao, Puerto Rico, where it ends at Puerto Rico Highway 3. Like Puerto Rico Highway 189, it passes through the business centers of Juncos, Las Piedras and Humacao.

Puerto Rico Highway 3
Puerto Rico Highway 3 (PR-3) at nearly 100 miles long, is the second-longest highway on Puerto Rico (after PR-2). It connects the San Juan neighborhood of Río Piedras to downtown Salinas indirectly around the eastern coast of the island. Highway 3 ranges from a three lane urban avenue in San Juan to a one lane rural road past Fajardo. While other roads connect San Juan, it runs the coastline of Puerto Rico east of San Juan, beginning in Río Piedras near Santurce (where it is known as the Avenida 65 de Infantería) and goes to Fajardo where it goes south paralleling the coastline to Humacao and Maunabo. It goes up to a mountain-scenic route and goes west to Salinas, where it meets PR-1.
Kornilov Shock Regiment
The Kornilov Shock Regiment (Russian: Корни́ловский уда́рный полк), previously the 1st Shock Detachment (Russian: 1-й Ударный отряд) and also called Kornilovites (корниловцы), was a shock unit of the Russian Army founded during World War I that later was part of the Volunteer Army during the Russian Civil War. It became the last regiment of the Russian Army to be formed and the first regiment of the Volunteer Army.

Volunteer Army
The Volunteer Army (Russian: Добровольческая армия, romanized: Dobrovolcheskaya armiya; pre-1918 Russian: Добровольческая армія), abbreviated to Добрармия, Dobrarmiya (pre-1918 Russian: Добрармія), also known as the Southern White Army was a White Army active in South Russia during the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1920. The Volunteer Army fought against Bolsheviks and the Makhnovists on the Southern Front and the Ukrainian War of Independence. On 8 January 1919, it was made part of the Armed Forces of South Russia, becoming the largest force of the White movement until it was merged with the Army of Wrangel in March 1920.
Ogyū Castle
Ogyū Castle (大給城, Ogyū-jō) was a Sengoku period flatland-style Japanese castle located in the Ōuchi neighborhood of the city of Toyota, Aichi in the Tōkai region of Japan. The ruins, together with other sites in Matsudaira-gō associated with the Matsudaira clan, have been collectively protected as a National Historic Site since 2000.

Matsudaira clan
The Matsudaira clan (松平氏, Matsudaira-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan that descended from the Minamoto clan. It originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province (modern-day Aichi Prefecture).  During the Sengoku period, the chieftain of the main line of the Matsudaira clan, Matsudaira Motoyasu became a powerful regional daimyo under Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi and changed his name to Tokugawa Ieyasu. He subsequently seized power as the first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan during the Edo period until the Meiji Restoration of 1868. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, many cadet branches of the clan retained the Matsudaira surname, and numerous new branches were formed in the decades after Ieyasu. Some of those branches were also of daimyō status.

After the Meiji Restoration and the abolition of the han system, the Tokugawa and Matsudaira clans became part of the new kazoku nobility.
Information assurance
Information assurance (IA) is the practice of assuring information and managing risks related to the use, processing, storage, and transmission of information. Information assurance includes protection of the integrity, availability, authenticity, non-repudiation and confidentiality of user data. IA encompasses both digital protections and physical techniques. These methods apply to data in transit, both physical and electronic forms, as well as data at rest. IA is best thought of as a superset of information security (i.e. umbrella term), and as the business outcome of information risk management.

IT risk management
IT risk management is the application of risk management methods to information technology in order to manage IT risk. Various methodologies exist to manage IT risks, each involving specific processes and steps.

An IT risk management system (ITRMS) is a component of a broader enterprise risk management (ERM) system. ITRMS are also integrated into broader information security management systems (ISMS). The continuous update and maintenance of an ISMS is in turn part of an organisation's systematic approach for identifying, assessing, and managing information security risks.
Prince Friedrich Sigismund of Prussia (1891–1927)
Prince Joachim Viktor Wilhelm Leopold Friedrich Sigismund of Prussia (17 December 1891 – 6 July 1927) was a German World War I fighter pilot and member of the House of Hohenzollern as the son of Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia and Princess Louise Sophie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg.

Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia
Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia (German: Joachim Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Leopold; 14 November 1865 – 13 September 1931) was the son of Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia and Princess Maria Anna of Anhalt-Dessau.
100th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
The 100th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, (100th LAA Rgt) was an air defence unit of the British Army during World War II. Initially raised as an infantry battalion of the Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment) in 1940, it transferred to the Royal Artillery in 1941. It served with 56th (London) Infantry Division in the final stages of the Tunisian Campaign, in the landings at Salerno and subsequent fighting in Italy, including the Battle of Anzio, until it was disbanded at the beginning of 1945.

56th (London) Infantry Division
The 56th (London) Infantry Division was a Territorial Army infantry division of the British Army, which served under several different titles and designations. The division served in the trenches of the Western Front during the First World War. Demobilised after the war, the division was reformed in 1920 and saw active service again in the Second World War in Tunisia and Italy. The division was again disbanded in 1946 and reformed first as an armoured formation and then as an infantry division before final disbandment in 1961.
Tennyson-d'Eyncourt baronets
The Tennyson-d'Eyncourt baronetcy, of Carter's Corner Farm in the Parish of Herstmonceux in the County of Sussex, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 3 February 1930 for the naval architect Eustace Tennyson-d'Eyncourt, a grandson of Charles Tennyson-d'Eyncourt.

Another member of the Tennyson family was poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson, who was created Baron Tennyson in 1884. He was a nephew of Charles Tennyson-d'Eyncourt.

Sir Eustace Tennyson-d'Eyncourt, 1st Baronet
Sir Eustace Henry William Tennyson d'Eyncourt, 1st Baronet (1 April 1868 – 1 February 1951), was a British naval architect and engineer. As Director of Naval Construction for the Royal Navy, 1912–1924, he was responsible for the design and construction of some of the most famous British warships. He was also chairman of the Landship Committee at the Admiralty, which was responsible for the design and production of the first military tanks to be used in warfare.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase deficiency
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17α-hydroxylase deficiency is an uncommon form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) resulting from a mutation in the gene CYP17A1, which produces the enzyme 17α-hydroxylase. It causes decreased synthesis of cortisol and sex hormones, with resulting increase in mineralocorticoid production. Thus, common symptoms include mild cortisol deficiency, ambiguous genitalia in men or amenorrhea at puberty in women, and hypokalemic hypertension. However, partial (incomplete) deficiency often has inconsistent symptoms between patients, and affected women may be asymptomatic except for infertility.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by impaired cortisol synthesis. It results from the deficiency of one of the five enzymes required for the synthesis of cortisol in the adrenal cortex. Most of these disorders involve excessive or deficient production of hormones such as glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, or sex steroids, and can alter development of primary or secondary sex characteristics in some affected infants, children, or adults. It is one of the most common autosomal recessive disorders in humans.