hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Penske office shooting
On January 12, 2010, three people were killed and two others critically injured in a shooting at a Penske truck rental business in the city of Kennesaw, Georgia, United States. One of the injured victims died in 2013 from complications of his injuries. The shooter, Jesse James Warren, was arrested after the incident. Warren was indefinitely committed to a psychiatric facility in 2017.

Penske Corporation
Penske Corporation, Inc. (/pɛn.skiː/) is an American diversified transportation services company based in Bloomfield Township, Oakland County, Michigan. Roger Penske is the founder and chairman of the privately held company, and Rob Kurnick is the president. Penske operates in the automotive retail, truck leasing, transportation, logistics, and motorsports industries. Penske operates in over 3,200 locations and employs more than 70,000 people globally.
Miguel Ángel Angulo
Miguel Ángel Angulo Valderrey (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈɣel ˈaŋxel aŋˈɡulo]; born 23 June 1977) is a Spanish former professional footballer, currently manager of Valencia Mestalla. Predominantly an attacking midfielder, he was also able to play as a right winger and even as a right-back or a forward.

Basing his football on inexhaustible physical display, Angulo was much appreciated by trainers because of his versatility, and spent most of his career at Valencia where he won a total of seven trophies, including two La Liga championships and the 2004 UEFA Cup.

Valencia CF Mestalla
Valencia Club de Fútbol Mestalla, shortened to Valencia Mestalla, is the reserve team of Valencia CF, a Spanish football club based in Valencia, in the namesake community. Founded in 1944, and currently plays in Segunda Federación – Group 3, holding home games at Ciudad Deportiva de Paterna, with a 4,000-seat capacity.

Unlike in England, reserve teams in Spain play in the same football pyramid as their senior team rather than a separate league. However, reserve teams cannot play in the same division as their senior team. Therefore, the team is ineligible for promotion to La Liga, the division in which the main side plays. Reserve teams are also no longer permitted to enter the Copa de Europa.
Leek Town F.C.
Leek Town Football Club is an English football club based in Leek, Staffordshire, playing in the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football. The team, nicknamed "The Blues", play their home games at Harrison Park.

The club was founded in 1946 and played in a variety of local leagues including the Staffordshire County League, Manchester League, Mid-Cheshire League and Cheshire County League, before becoming a founder member of the North West Counties League in 1982 and from there progressing to the Northern Premier League in 1987. In 1997, they were Northern Premier League champions and gained promotion to the Football Conference, the highest level of English non-league football, spending two seasons at that level before being relegated.

Leek Town reached the final of the FA Trophy in 1990, having progressed all the way from the first qualifying round, but lost in the final at Wembley Stadium 3–0 to Barrow.

Staffordshire County League
The Staffordshire County League was an English football competition based in the county of Staffordshire.  It existed from at least 1957 until 2005, when it merged with the Midland League to form the new Staffordshire County Senior League, with the former County League teams forming Divisions One and Two of the new league, at levels 12 and 13 of the English football league system.
Ali Haydar Konca
Ali Haydar Konca (born 1 February 1950) is a Turkish politician who served as the Minister of European Union Affairs and Chief Negotiator in the interim election government led by Ahmet Davutoğlu between 28 August and 22 September 2015. He served as a Member of Parliament for the electoral district of Kocaeli from June to November 2015. He is a member of the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) and is a former civil servant and Kaymakam (sub-governor).

Kaymakam
Kaymakam, also known by many other romanizations, was a title used by various officials of the Ottoman Empire, including acting grand viziers, governors of provincial sanjaks, and administrators of district kazas. The title has been retained and is sometimes used without translation for provincial or subdistrict governors in various Ottoman successor states, including the Republic of Turkey, Kuwait, Iraq, and Lebanon.
The Mark of Cain (2007 film)
The Mark of Cain is a BAFTA Award-winning British television film first broadcast in 2007 following two young British soldiers deployed to Iraq as they experience the extremity of war for the first time, and the permanent effects of what they have seen and done as they return from their tour of duty. When a war crime that they took part in comes to light, they must choose whether to keep faith with their fellow soldiers or tell the truth about what happened.

The film's title comes from Royal Irish Regiment Colonel Tim Collins's 2003 eve-of-battle speech in Iraq, though the colonel would disavow the film in light of its broadcast date coinciding with the 2007 Iranian seizure of Royal Navy personnel.

2007 Iranian arrest of Royal Navy personnel
On 23 March 2007, fifteen Royal Navy personnel from HMS Cornwall were searching a merchant vessel when they were surrounded by the Navy of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards and detained off the Iran–Iraq coast. In the course of events, British forces claimed that the vessel was in Iraqi waters, but the Iranians insisted that they were in Iran's territorial waters. The fifteen personnel were released thirteen days later on 4 April 2007.

A year later, a British investigation report was released which stated that the area in which the incident took place was not covered by any formal agreement between Iran and Iraq.
PGZ-95
The PGZ-95 (Chinese: 95式自行高射炮; pinyin: 95 shi zixing gaoshepao, Type 95 self-propelled anti-aircraft artillery) is a Chinese self-propelled anti-aircraft vehicle. It is armed with four 25 mm caliber cannons and optionally four fire-and-forget QW-2 infrared homing missiles. It was first displayed publicly at the Beijing Military Parade in 1999. Earlier in development the system was designated Type 90-II and Type 90-III.

QW-2 MANPADS
The QW-2 (NATO reporting name: CH-SA-8) is a Chinese man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile (SAM) MANPADS. The system has improved performance against targets flying faster and at lower-altitude than the QW-1.
Gokula Krishnan
Gokula Krishnan was an Indian film director who has directed Tamil films. He was primarily active in the 1980s and early 1990s and is most noted for his work on films featuring actor Karthik. He also extensively worked with Malayalam director Fazil and other Malayalam directors when they made Tamil films, helping write dialogues.

Fazil (director)
Abdul Hameed Muhammed Fazil (born 4 February 1949), known mononymously as Fazil, is an Indian film director, film producer, screenwriter and actor who works in Malayalam cinema, in addition to directing a handful of Tamil films. He made his directorial debut with the 1980 film Manjil Virinja Pookkal.

His popular films include Ente Mamattikkuttiyammakku (1983), Nokkethadhoorathu Kannum Nattu (1984), Poovinu Puthiya Poonthennal (1986), Manivathoorile Aayiram Sivarathrikal (1987), Ente Sooryaputhrikku (1991), Pappayude Swantham Appoos (1992), Manichitrathazhu (1993), Harikrishnans (1998). 
His 1993 film Manichitrathazhu won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment. He won the Best Director award at the 13th Kerala State Film Awards for his 1984 film Ente Mamattukkuttiyammakku.
Vangelis Pavlidis
Vangelis Pavlidis (Greek: Βαγγέλης Παυλίδης; [vaɲˈɟelis paˈvliðis]; born 21 November 1998) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a centre forward for Primeira Liga club Benfica and the Greece national team.

Born and raised in Thessaloniki, Greece, Pavlidis started his professional career with VfL Bochum in 2016 and then represented Willem II before signing with AZ Alkmaar in 2021, being crowned the Eredivisie top scorer in 2024. In July 2024, he signed with Benfica for a fee of €18 million.

Pavlidis represented Greece at various youth levels and made his senior debut for Greece in 2019.

2023–24 Eredivisie
The 2023–24 Eredivisie was the 68th season of Eredivisie, the premier football competition in the Netherlands. It began on 11 August 2023 and concluded on 19 May 2024. PSV Eindhoven broke the record for most points in an Eredivisie season, with 91, overtaking Ajax's 89-point season in 1997–98.

Since Netherlands ascended from seventh to sixth place in the UEFA association coefficient rankings at the end of the 2022–23 season, the three best-ranked teams could now qualify for the UEFA Champions League (the champions and runners-up entered directly into the league stage, and the third-placed team entered the third qualifying round). The KNVB Cup winner qualified for UEFA Europa League groups while the fourth-placed team qualified for UEFA Europa League second qualifying round and fifth through eighth-placed teams qualified to the European competition play-offs.
USS Cape Gloucester
USS Cape Gloucester was a Commencement Bay-class escort carrier of the United States Navy, in service from 5 March 1945 to 5 November 1946. The Commencement Bay class were built during World War II, and were an improvement over the earlier Sangamon class, which were converted from oil tankers. They were capable of carrying an air group of 33 planes, and due to their origin as tankers and were armed with an anti-aircraft battery of  5 in (127 mm), 40 mm (1.6 in), and 20 mm (0.8 in) guns. The ships were capable of a top speed of 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph), had extensive fuel storage. After spending another 25 years in the reserve fleet, the ship was scrapped in 1971.

Oerlikon 20 mm cannon
The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I.  It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II. Many versions of the cannon are still used.
Uruguayan Civil Code
The Civil Code of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (Spanish: Código Civil de la República Oriental del Uruguay) is a systematic collection of Uruguayan laws designed to comprehensively deal with the core areas of private law such as for dealing with business and negligence lawsuits and practices.

This civil code was originally published on 1 January 1868, it was the work of Tristan Narvaja, inspired in a project by Eduardo Acevedo. Important sources were the Roman law, Spanish legislation and canon law, as well as the Chilean Civil Code, the Spanish Civil Code, texts by Augusto Teixeira de Freitas and Dalmacio Vélez Sarsfield, the Code Napoléon and many others. In 1995 it was updated.

Civil code
A civil code is a codification of private law relating to property, family, and obligations.

A jurisdiction that has a civil code generally also has a code of civil procedure. In some jurisdictions with a civil code, a number of the core areas of private law that would otherwise typically be codified in a civil code may instead be codified in a commercial code.
2.43: Seiin High School Boys Volleyball Team
2.43: Seiin High School Boys Volleyball Team (Japanese: 2.43 清陰高校男子バレー部, Hepburn: Nī Ten Yonsan Seiin Kōkō Danshi Barē-bu) is a Japanese volleyball light novel series written by Yukako Kabei and illustrated by Aiji Yamakawa. Shueisha have published five volumes in three seasons since March 2015 under their Shueisha Bunko imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Yamakawa has been serialized in Shueisha's josei manga magazine Cocohana from July to September 2018. An anime television series adaptation produced by David Production aired from January to March 2021, on the NoitaminA block.

"2.43" refers to the height of the net for male volleyball, 2.43 m.

Noitamina
Noitamina (ノイタミナ; stylized noitaminA, "Animation" written backwards) is a Japanese late-night anime programming block produced by Fuji Television, which launched in April 2005, and currently airs on Friday nights from 23:30 to 24:00 JST (effectively Friday nights from 11:30 p.m. to Saturday midnight JST).  All anime production under the block are joint-venue by Fuji TV, Dentsu, and usually Sony Music Entertainment Japan (or through its subsidiary Aniplex).
Black nobility
The black nobility or black aristocracy (Italian: nobiltà nera, aristocrazia nera) are Roman aristocratic families who sided with the Papacy under Pope Pius IX after the army of the Kingdom of Italy led by the House of Savoy entered Rome on 20 September 1870, overthrew the pope and the Papal States, and took over the Quirinal Palace, and any nobles subsequently ennobled by the pope prior to the 1929 Lateran Treaty.

For the next 59 years, the pope confined himself to Vatican City and claimed to be a prisoner in the Vatican to avoid the appearance of accepting the authority of the new Italian government and state. Aristocrats who had been ennobled by the pope and were formerly subjects of the Papal States, including the senior members of the papal court, kept the front doors of their palaces in Rome closed to mourn the pope's confinement, which led to their being called the "black nobility".

Prisoner in the Vatican
A prisoner in the Vatican (Italian: Prigioniero nel Vaticano; Latin: Captivus Vaticani) or prisoner of the Vatican described the situation of the pope with respect to the Kingdom of Italy during the period from the capture of Rome by the Royal Italian Army on 20 September 1870 until the Lateran Treaty of 11 February 1929. Part of the process of the unification of Italy, the city's capture ended the millennium-old temporal rule of the popes over Central Italy and allowed Rome to be designated the capital of the new country. Although the Italians did not occupy the territories of Vatican Hill delimited by the Leonine walls and offered the creation of a city-state in the area, the popes from Pius IX to Pius XI refused the proposal and described themselves as prisoners of the new Italian state.
Édouard Gagnon
Édouard Gagnon, PSS, OC (15 January 1918 – 25 August 2007) was a Canadian Roman Catholic cardinal and President of the Pontifical Council for the Family for 7 years, from 1983 to 1990. He became a cardinal on 25 May 1985.

Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice
The Society of Priests of Saint-Sulpice (French: Compagnie des Prêtres de Saint-Sulpice; PSS), also known as the Sulpicians, is a society of apostolic life of Pontifical Right for men, named after the Church of Saint-Sulpice, Paris, where it was founded. The members of the Society add the nominal letters PSS after their names to indicate membership in the Congregation. Typically, priests become members of the Society of the Priests of St. Sulpice only after ordination and some years of pastoral work. The purpose of the society is mainly the education of priests and to some extent parish work. As their main role is the education of those preparing to become priests, Sulpicians place great emphasis on the academic and spiritual formation of their own members, who commit themselves to undergoing lifelong development in these areas. The Society is divided into three provinces, operating in various countries: the Province of France, Canada, and the United States.
Poo-Chi
Poo-Chi (also Poochi or Poochie), one of the first generations of robopet toys, is a robot dog designed by Samuel James Lloyd and Matt Lucas, manufactured by Sega Toys, and distributed by Tiger Toys.  Poo-Chi was released in 2000 and discontinued in 2002.

Tiger Electronics
Tiger Electronics Ltd. (also known as Tiger and Tiger Toys) is an American toy manufacturer best known for its handheld electronic games, the Furby, the Talkboy, Giga Pets, the 2-XL robot, and audio games such as Brain Warp and the Brain Shift. When it was an independent company, Tiger Electronics Inc., its headquarters were in Vernon Hills, Illinois. It has been a subsidiary of Hasbro since 1998.
The Voice Kids (French TV series) season 11
The eleventh season of French The Voice Kids is a talent show broadcast on TF1, which premiered on 30 August 2025. Of the coaches from the previous season, only Patrick Fiori returned this season, marking his tenth season as a coach. In the meantime, former coaches Soprano and Matt Pokora returned as coaches after last coaching in the seventh and fourth seasons, respectively. Additionally, Santa debuted as a coach this season. Karine Ferri and Nikos Aliagas both returned the hosts of the season.

Charlotte Deseigne from Team Patrick won the season on 4 October, marking Patrick Fiori's fifth win as a coach. With Deseigne's win, Fiori became the second most winning coach on the French version of The Voice, after Florent Pagny.

Santa (singer)
Samanta Cotta (born 24 February 1993), known professionally as Santa, is a French singer-songwriter and musician. Initially known since 2009 for being the singer of the English-speaking rock group Hyphen Hyphen, she found solo success singing in French since 2022 with her first album Recommence-moi, from which the hit singles Popcorn Salé and Recommence-moi were taken. Her main genres are chanson française and ballad.
Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumour
Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumour is a group of tumours derived from the stromal component of the ovary and testis, which comprises the granulosa, thecal cells and fibrocytes. In contrast, the epithelial cells originate from the outer epithelial lining surrounding the gonad while the germ cell tumors arise from the precursor cells of the gametes, hence the name germ cell.  In humans, this group accounts for 8% of ovarian cancers and under 5% of testicular cancers. Their diagnosis is histological:  only a biopsy of the tumour can make an exact diagnosis.  They are often suspected of being malignant prior to operation, being solid ovarian tumours that tend to occur most commonly in post menopausal women.

This group of tumours is significantly less common than testicular germ cell tumours in men, and slightly less common than ovarian germ cell tumours in women (see Ovarian cancer).

Testicle
A testicle, also called testis (pl. testes) is the male gonad in all gonochoric animals, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary, which is the female gonad.  Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone.

The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Sperm production is controlled by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland and by testosterone produced within the gonads.
Postnikov system
In homotopy theory, a branch of algebraic topology, a Postnikov system (or Postnikov tower) is a way of decomposing a topological space by filtering its homotopy type. What this looks like is for a space  there is a list of spaces  where

and there is a series of maps  that are fibrations with fibers Eilenberg-MacLane spaces . In short, we are decomposing the homotopy type of  using an inverse system of topological spaces whose homotopy type at degree  agrees with the truncated homotopy type of the original space . Postnikov systems were introduced by, and are named after, Mikhail Postnikov.

There is a similar construction called the Whitehead tower (defined below) where instead of having spaces  with the homotopy type of  for degrees , these spaces have null homotopy groups  for .

Homotopy
In topology, two continuous functions from one topological space to another are called homotopic (from Ancient Greek: ὁμός homós 'same, similar' and τόπος tópos 'place') if one can be "continuously deformed" into the other, such a deformation being called a homotopy (/həˈmɒtəpiː/ hə-MOT-ə-pee; /ˈhoʊmoʊˌtoʊpiː/ HOH-moh-toh-pee) between the two functions. A notable use of homotopy is the definition of homotopy groups and cohomotopy groups, important invariants in algebraic topology.

In practice, there are technical difficulties in using homotopies with certain spaces. Algebraic topologists work with compactly generated spaces, CW complexes, or spectra.
Jesus Price Supastar
Jesus Price Supastar is the second solo studio album by American rapper Sean Price of Heltah Skeltah and Boot Camp Clik. Originally planned to be released on September 19, 2006, it was pushed back to October 31, and then was pushed back for the third time, to a final release date on January 30, 2007. Duck Down Music CEO Drew "Dru-Ha" Friedman stated, "We all just decided together that the extra time would do us right for promotions and raising awareness".

Production was handled by 9th Wonder, Khrysis, 10 for the Triad, Illmind, MoSS, P.F. Cuttin' and Tommy Tee. It features guest appearances from Rock, Buckshot, Block McCloud, Chaundon, Flood, Phonte, Ruste Juxx, Sadat X, Skyzoo, Steele and the Loudmouf Choir.

The album peaked at number 196 on the Billboard 200 and number 60 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums in the United States.

Heltah Skeltah
Heltah Skeltah was an American hip hop duo which consisted of rappers Jahmal "Rock" Bush and Sean "Ruck" Price. The two were also members of New York supergroup Boot Camp Clik, along with Buckshot, Smif-N-Wessun and O.G.C.
The Wizard of Oz (1993 video game)
The Wizard of Oz is a 1993 platform video game released for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and loosely based on the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz. Developed by Manley & Associates, it was published by SETA Corporation and released in North America in 1993 and in Europe in 1994. The player assumes the role of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, or the Cowardly Lion in a series of levels containing hidden areas, mazes, and puzzles to bring Glinda's magic ruby slippers to the Wizard of Oz.

Upon its release, it received generally positive reviews for its graphics, challenge, and playable female heroine. Retrospective coverage, however, has been negative including ranking on lists of the worst games of all time. Criticisms include poor collision detection, controls, weak character attacks, and mishandling of the source material.

Collision detection
Collision detection is the computational problem of detecting an intersection of two or more objects in virtual space. More precisely, it deals with the questions of if, when and where two or more objects intersect. Collision detection is a classic problem of computational geometry with applications in computer graphics, physical simulation, video games, robotics (including autonomous driving) and computational physics. Collision detection algorithms can be divided into operating on 2D or 3D spatial objects.
Tenbury and Bewdley Railway
The Tenbury and Bewdley Railway was an English railway company that built its single-track standard-gauge line from Bewdley to Tenbury Wells between 1860 and 1864. The line connected the Severn Valley Railway at Bewdley with the Tenbury Railway at Tenbury, which continued to Woofferton. The Tenbury and Bewdley railway and the Tenbury railway were sometimes collectively referred to as the Wyre Forest line or simply the Tenbury Line. The railway was operated from opening by the West Midland Railway, then by the Great Western Railway, then by British Railways until closure.

The line closed to passenger trains in 1962 and to goods traffic in 1965; the tracks, sleepers and some infrastructure were subsequently dismantled and removed after 101 years of operation. There is now no railway activity on most of the former line, but its trackbed is still extant in sections, particularly where it forms part of National Cycle Route 45 through the Wyre Forest.

Mercian Way
The Mercian Way is a 230 miles (370 km) long cycle path that runs from Salisbury in Wiltshire to Chester in Cheshire. Operated by Sustrans, it is part of National Cycle Route 45, but is also well used by walkers. The path is so named because it passes through what was once the ancient Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Mercia. To reflect its name a number of waymarkers depicting Saxon warriors were commissioned and have been placed along the route.