hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Madikeri Assembly constituency
Madikeri Assembly constituency is one of the 224 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Karnataka in India.

It is part of Kodagu district and is one among the two legislative assembly constituency from the district.

Madekeri Mantar Gowda who won the 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election is the current MLA from this constituency.

Kodagu district
Kodagu district (Kodava: [koɖɐɡɨ, -ʋɨ], also known by its former name Coorg, Kodava: koḍagï, koḍavï) is an administrative district in the Karnataka state of India. Before 1956, it was an administratively separate Coorg State at which point it was merged into an enlarged Mysore State.
Lloyd H. Chandler
Lloyd Horwitz Chandler (17 August 1869 – 17 January 1947) was a rear admiral in the United States Navy, serving for over 30 years. He was awarded the Navy Cross for his actions in World War I. He was the son of William E. Chandler, who served as Secretary of the Navy, and the father of Rear Admiral Theodore E. Chandler.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Almaliq, Xinjiang
Almaliq (Uyghur: ئالمالىق; Chinese: 阿力麻里; pinyin: Ālìmálǐ), also spelled Almalik, Almalig, was a medieval city in the Ili basin in present-day Huocheng County, Xinjiang, China along Kazakhstan border. A modern town named Alimali (阿力玛里) in Khorgas, adjacent to Huocheng, has no historical connections with the medieval town.

Ili River
The Ili River is a river in northwestern China and southeastern Kazakhstan. It flows from the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture of the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region to the Almaty Region in Kazakhstan.

It is 1,439 kilometres (894 mi) long (including its source river the Tekes), 815 kilometres (506 mi) of which is in Kazakhstan. The river originates from the Tekes and Künes rivers in Eastern Tian Shan. The Ili drains the basin between the Tian Shan and the Borohoro Mountains. Flowing into Lake Balkhash (in the endorheic Balkhash-Alakol Basin), the Ili forms a large delta with vast wetland regions of lakes, marshes and vegetation.
Foal's Bread
Foal's Bread is a 2011 novel by Australian author Gillian Mears.

It was the winner of the 2012 ALS Gold Medal, the Age Book of the Year for Fiction, the Prime Minister's Literary Award for Fiction, and the Victorian Premier's Literary Award for Fiction. It was also shortlisted for the Miles Franklin Award and the Barbara Jefferis Award.

The Age Book of the Year Awards
The Age Book of the Year Awards were annual literary awards presented by Melbourne's The Age newspaper. The awards were first presented in 1974. After 1998, they were presented as part of the Melbourne Writers Festival. Initially, two awards were given, one for fiction (or imaginative writing), the other for non-fiction work, but in 1993, a poetry award in honour of Dinny O'Hearn was added. The criteria were that the works be "of outstanding literary merit and express Australian identity or character," and be published in the year before the award was made. One of the award-winners was chosen as The Age Book of the Year. The awards were discontinued in 2013.

In 2021 The Age Book of the Year was revived as a fiction prize, with the winner announced at the Melbourne Writers Festival. A non-fiction prize was added the following year.
Gary Ashworth
Gary Peter Ashworth (born 23 April 1960) is a British entrepreneur, business coach, author, and property developer. He founded the recruitment firm Abacus Recruitment and the technology staffing company InterQuest Group.

InterQuest Group Ltd
InterQuest Group Ltd is a recruitment business that specialises within high growth areas of the new digital economy – information security, analytics, digital, telecom and technology. InterQuest Group operates across all industry sectors with a particular focus on financial markets, public sector and professional services.

The InterQuest Group has its head office in Salford, with additional offices throughout the UK. In December 2013 the London Stock Exchange listed the InterQuest Group amongst its "1000 Companies to inspire Britain".
M. Y. Patil
Moreshwar Yashwantrao Patil, also known as M. Y. Patil, is an Indian National Congress politician from Karnataka. He is a four-time MLA representing Afzalpur in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly. He has had spells in Janata Party, Janata Dal (Secular), Bharatiya Janata Party and Karnataka Janata Paksha in the past.

In the 2004 elections, he was elected as a JDS candidate from Afzalpur.  He won with the support of Congress leaders such as Mallikarjun Kharge, Priyank Kharge and Basavaraj Bhimalli who connived to defeat the Congress candidate and the incumbent MLA Malikayya Guttedar.

2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election
The 2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election took place on 20 April and 26 April 2004 in 224 constituencies in Karnataka, India. The elections were conducted to elect the government in the state of Karnataka for the next five years. The votes were counted on 13 May 2004. None of the parties were able to win a majority and the Bharatiya Janata Party emerged as the single largest party with 79 seats. Subsequently, the Indian National Congress with 65 members and Janata Dal (Secular) with 58 members formed a coalition to run the government with Dharam Singh as the chief minister. This was the first ever coalition government in the state.
Dóra María Lárusdóttir
Dóra María Lárusdóttir (born 24 July 1985) is an Icelandic former football player who predominantly played as a winger for Icelandic club Valur. Having played for Valur for a decade and been voted national Player of the Year in 2008 and 2010, Dóra María was for many years one of Iceland's leading female footballers. During her career, she won the Icelandic championship eight times and the Icelandic Cup five times. From 2003 to 2017, Dóra María was part of the Iceland women's national team and she participated at the 2009 and 2013 editions of the UEFA Women's Championship.

UEFA Women's Euro 2009
The 2009 UEFA Women's Championship, often known as the 2009 Women's Euros or just the 2009 Euros, was played in Finland between 23 August and 10 September 2009. The host was appointed on 11 July 2006, in a UEFA Executive Committee meeting in Berlin and the Finnish proposal won over the Dutch proposal.

The UEFA Women's Championship is a regular tournament involving European national teams from countries affiliated to UEFA, the European governing body, who have qualified for the competition. The competition aims to determine which national women's team is the best in Europe.

The 2009 tournament was won by Germany for a fifth straight and record-extending seventh time in total. They beat England, appearing in their first final since 1984, 6–2 in the final. The Germans also boasted the tournament's leading goalscorer in Inka Grings.

Iceland, Netherlands and Ukraine made their debut.
Strawberry Cubes
Strawberry Cubes is a 2015 video game by American independent developer Loren Schmidt, developed as an open-ended platformer that makes heavy use of glitches in its visual presentation and mechanics. The game received praise for its experimental and explorative qualities, and was showcased at several independent gaming events and galleries, including IndieCade.

Glitch
A glitch is a brief technical fault, such as a transient one that corrects itself, making it difficult to troubleshoot. The term is particularly common in the computing and electronics industries, in circuit bending, as well as among players of video games, although any purposely organized structure, such as speech, may experience glitches.

A glitch, which is slight and often temporary, differs from a more serious bug, which is a genuine breakdown in function. Videogame writer Alex Pieschel says that although the two words are often used interchangeably when describing software, the more "blameworthy pejorative" of bug indicates something that can be reliably diagnosed and corrected, while glitch describes a situation "more transient, abnormal, illogical, impermanent, or unreliable", caused by unexpected inputs or something outside of the code.
2011 San Francisco mayoral election
The 2011 San Francisco mayoral election was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2011, to elect the mayor of San Francisco. The incumbent Ed Lee, appointed to fill the vacant mayoral seat, succeeded in his bid to become the first elected Asian-American mayor of a major American city.

Mayor of San Francisco
The mayor of the City and County of San Francisco is the head of the executive branch of the San Francisco city and county government. The officeholder has the duty to enforce city laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, the legislative branch. The mayor serves a four-year term and is limited to two successive terms. Because of San Francisco's status as a consolidated city-county, the mayor also serves as the head of government of the county; both entities have been governed together by a combined set of governing bodies since 1856.

There have been 45 individuals who have served as mayor in San Francisco since 1850, when California became a state following the American Conquest of California. Prior to the conquest, Californios served as Mayor of San Francisco during the Spanish and Mexican eras since 1779.

The current mayor is Democrat Daniel Lurie.
John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich
John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, PC, FRS (13 November 1718 – 30 April 1792) was a British statesman who succeeded his grandfather Edward Montagu, 3rd Earl of Sandwich as the Earl of Sandwich in 1729, at the age of ten. He held various military and political offices during his life, including Postmaster General, First Lord of the Admiralty, and Secretary of State for the Northern Department. He is also known for the claim that he was the inventor of the sandwich.

Secretary of State for the Northern Department
The secretary of state for the Northern Department was a position in the Cabinet of the government of Great Britain up to 1782. Following this, the Northern Department became the Foreign Office, and the position evolved into the foreign secretary.
Immanuel Estermann
Immanuel Estermann (Hebrew: עמנואל אסתרמן; March 31, 1900 – March 30, 1973) was a Jewish German-born nuclear physicist and was professor at Carnegie Mellon University, University of Hamburg and Technion. Estermann is known for his lifelong collaboration with Otto Stern which pioneered the research on molecular beams in the 1920s. With Stern and Otto Robert Frisch, he also first measured the magnetic moment of the proton.

Molecular beam
A molecular beam is produced by allowing a gas at higher pressure to expand through a small orifice into a chamber at lower pressure to form a beam of particles (atoms, free radicals, molecules or ions) moving at approximately equal velocities, with very few collisions between the particles. Molecular beams are useful for fabricating thin films in molecular beam epitaxy and artificial structures such as quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots. Molecular beams have also been applied as crossed molecular beams. The molecules in the molecular beam can be manipulated by electrical fields and magnetic fields. Molecules can be decelerated in a Stark decelerator or in a Zeeman slower.
Frederick H. Todd
Frederick Henry Todd (20 August 1903 – 6 January 1992) was a British naval architect, a member of the United States National Academy of Engineering, and a recipient of Gibbs Brothers Medal from the U.S. National Academy of Sciences.

Todd was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom in 1903. He graduated with B.S. degree in naval architecture in 1925 and received his PhD in 1931 from Kings College, Durham University in England.

Naval architecture
Naval architecture, or naval engineering, is an engineering discipline incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering as applied to the engineering design process, shipbuilding, maintenance, and operation of marine vessels and structures. Naval architecture involves basic and applied research, design, development, design evaluation (classification) and calculations during all stages of the life of a marine vehicle. Preliminary design of the vessel, its detailed design, construction, trials, operation and maintenance, launching and dry-docking are the main activities involved. Ship design calculations are also required for ships being modified (by means of conversion, rebuilding, modernization, or repair). Naval architecture also involves formulation of safety regulations and damage-control rules and the approval and certification of ship designs to meet statutory and non-statutory requirements.
Marcos Calderón
Marcos Calderón Medrano (11 July 1928 – 8 December 1987) was a Peruvian football coach and player.

Nicknamed El Oso (the bear) or El Chueco (the crooked because of his bowed feet), this former Sport Boys midfielder remains the most decorated coach in the history of the Peruvian league with ten titles.

He managed Peru six times, winning the 1975 Copa América and leading the Blanquirroja (the Red and Whites) to the 1978 World Cup. To this day, he is the only Peruvian coach to have qualified the Peruvian national team for a World Cup. He died in a plane crash on 8 December 1987, along with the entire Alianza Lima team.

1975 Copa América
The 1975 edition of the Copa América football tournament was played between 17 July and 28 October. The tournament saw many significant shifts to its format, such as changing its name from South American Championship to Copa América and altering from a round-robin tournament to incorporating a group stage, a knockout round, and a final. Additionally all ten CONMEBOL countries participated for the first time, with defending champions Uruguay receiving a bye into the semi-finals and the rest starting in the group stage. For this tournament there was also no fixed venue, and all matches were played throughout the year in each country.
Max Meylor
Maxwell Meylor (born December 30, 1998) is an American professional football quarterback for the Arizona Rattlers of the Indoor Football League (IFL). He played college football for Lindenwood before transferring to Wisconsin–Whitewater where he was named  WIAC Offensive Player of the Year his senior year. He has also played for Green Bay Blizzard of the IFL.

Wisconsin Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
The Wisconsin Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (WIAC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference that competes in the NCAA's Division III. In women's gymnastics, it competes alongside Division I and II members, as the NCAA sponsors a single championship event open to members of all NCAA divisions. As the name implies, member teams are located in the state of Wisconsin, although there are three associate members from Minnesota and one from Illinois. All full members are part of the University of Wisconsin System.
779 Gyeongju earthquake
The 779 Gyeongju earthquake struck present-day South Korea during the Silla kingdom in March 779 AD. It one of the deadliest earthquake in Korean history, and one of the largest earthquake to occur inland on the Korean Peninsula between the years 2 AD and 1904. The earthquake had an estimated moment magnitude of 6.7 to 7.0, and affected present-day North Gyeongsang Province. The maximum Modified Mercalli intensity was assigned IX. More than 100 people died and many houses collapsed. This earthquake occurred close to the epicenter of the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake.

2016 Gyeongju earthquake
The 2016 Gyeongju earthquake occurred on September 12 near Gyeongju, South Korea. Measuring 5.8 on the local magnitude scale (5.4 Mw), it was the strongest earthquake in the country until the following year. The 2017 Pohang earthquake caused more damage despite being equal in magnitude. An hour before, at 07:44:32 local time, a ML 5.1 foreshock occurred.
Oohkotokia
Oohkotokia (/ˌoʊ.oʊkəˈtoʊkiə/ OH-oh-kə-TOH-kee-ə) is a genus of ankylosaurid dinosaur within the subfamily Ankylosaurinae. It is known from the upper levels of the Two Medicine Formation (late Campanian stage, about 74 Ma ago) of Montana, United States.  The discovery of Oohkotokia supports that Ankylosaurine dinosaurs existed and flourished continuously in Montana and/or Alberta throughout the late Campanian and early Maastrichtian stages in the Late Cretaceous period.  It was a large, heavily built, quadrupedal, herbivore, that could grow up to 5 metres (16 ft) long and weigh up to 2 metric tons (2.2 short tons).

Ankylosauridae
Ankylosauridae (/ˌæŋkɪloʊˈsɔːrɪdiː/) is a family of armored dinosaurs within Ankylosauria, and is the sister group to Nodosauridae. The oldest known ankylosaurids date to around 122 million years ago, and the clade went extinct 66 million years ago during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. These animals were mainly herbivorous and were obligate quadrupeds, with leaf-shaped teeth and robust, scute-covered bodies. Ankylosaurids possess a distinctly domed and short snout, wedge-shaped osteoderms on their skull, scutes along their torso, and a tail club.

Ankylosauridae is exclusively known from the Northern Hemisphere, with specimens found in North America, Europe, and Asia. The first discoveries within this family were of the genus Ankylosaurus, by Peter Kaiser and Barnum Brown in Montana in 1906. Brown went on to name Ankylosauridae and the subfamily Ankylosaurinae in 1908.
Stuart J. Byrne
Stuart James Byrne (October 26, 1913 – September 23, 2011) was an American screenwriter and writer of science fiction and fantasy. He published under his own name and the pseudonyms Rothayne Amare, John Bloodstone, Howard Dare, and Marx Kaye (a house pseudonym).

Edgar Rice Burroughs
Edgar Rice Burroughs (September 1, 1875 – March 19, 1950) was an American writer, recognized for his prolific output in the adventure, science fiction, and fantasy genres. Best known for creating the characters Tarzan (who appeared in a series of twenty-four books by him) and John Carter (who was a recurring character in a series of eleven books), he also wrote the Pellucidar series, the Amtor series, and the Caspak trilogy.

Tarzan was immediately popular, and Burroughs capitalized on it in every possible way, including a syndicated Tarzan comic strip, films, and merchandise. Tarzan remains one of the most successful fictional characters to this day and is a cultural icon. Burroughs's California ranch is now the center of the Tarzana neighborhood in Los Angeles, named after the character. Burroughs was an explicit supporter of eugenics and scientific racism in both his fiction and nonfiction; Tarzan was meant to reflect these concepts.
Out of This World Adventures
Out of This World Adventures was an American pulp magazine which published two issues, in July and December 1950.  It included several pages of comics as well as science fiction stories.  It was edited by Donald A. Wollheim and published by Avon.  Sales were weak, and after two issues Avon decided to cancel it.

Avon (publisher)
Avon Publications is a publisher of romance fiction. At Avon's initial stages, it was an American paperback book and comic book publisher. The shift in content occurred in the early 1970s with multiple Avon romance titles reaching and maintaining spots in bestseller lists, demonstrating the market and potential profits in romance publication. As of 2010, Avon is an imprint of HarperCollins.
Armfelt Conspiracy
The Armfelt Conspiracy was a plot in Sweden in 1793. The purpose was to depose the de jure regent Duke Charles and the de facto regent Gustaf Adolf Reuterholm, leaders of the regency government of Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden, and replace them with Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt, the favorite of the king's father Gustav III of Sweden. The conspiracy was discovered and prevented in 1793.

Gustav IV Adolf
Gustav IV Adolf or Gustav IV Adolph (1 November 1778 – 7 February 1837) was King of Sweden from 1792 until he was deposed in a coup in 1809. He was also the last Swedish monarch to be the ruler of Finland.

The occupation of Finland in 1808–09 by Russian forces was the immediate cause of Gustav Adolf's overthrow, violently initiated by officers of his own army. Following his abdication on 29 March 1809, an Instrument of Government was hastily written, which severely circumscribed the powers of the monarchy. The "Instrument" was adopted in 1809 on 6 June, the National Day of Sweden now as well as in his time. It remained in force until replaced in 1974. The crown, now with strictly limited powers, passed to Gustav Adolf's uncle Charles XIII.
Anti-Palestinian racism during the Gaza war
Following the October 7 attacks, and the outbreak of the Gaza war, there has been a surge of anti-Palestinianism, anti-Arab racism, and Islamophobia. Palestinians have expressed concerns over increased anti-Palestinianism in mass media and anti-Palestinian hate crimes. Human rights groups have noted an increase in anti-Palestinian hate speech and incitement to violence against Palestinians.

Violent incidents in reaction to the Gaza war
Since 7 October 2023, numerous violent incidents prompted by the Hamas attack on Israel and the ensuing Gaza war have been reported worldwide. They have accompanied a sharp increase in global antisemitism and Islamophobia, as well as anti-Israeli sentiment and anti-Palestinian sentiment or broader anti-Arab sentiment. Other people and groups have also been targeted, such as Sikhs, who are sometimes mistakenly identified as Muslims by their attackers.
Unión Tarija
Unión Tarija is a Bolivian football team playing at Tarija Primera A, the 2nd division regional league. It is based in Tarija.  Their home stadium is Estadio IV Centenário. The team played in the Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano between 1999 and 2006.

FBF División Profesional
The División Profesional de Fútbol Boliviano is the top-flight professional football league in Bolivia. In 2017, the Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈliɣa ðe ˈfuðβol pɾofesjoˈnal βoliˈβjano]; English: Bolivian Professional Football League) was disbanded and the FBF became responsible for the organisation of the league.

Since 1950, a total of 16 clubs have been crowned champions of the Bolivian football league system. The current champions are Always Ready, who won the title in the 2025 tournament. Bolívar is the most successful club in the league, with 31 titles to date.