hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Benjamin Davis Wilson
Benjamin Davis Wilson (December 1, 1811 – March 11, 1878), commonly known as Don Benito Wilson, was an American-Mexican politician, fur trapper, and ranchero of California. Born in Tennessee to parents from Virginia, Wilson eventually settled in Alta California when it was part of the Republic of Mexico, and acquired Rancho Jurupa. He became a naturalized Mexican citizen and married into a prominent Californio family.

Following the American Conquest of California, Wilson acquired considerable other property, some from Mexicans struggling to retain their land grants. Having served on the Common Council of Los Angeles, he later was elected to a term as the second mayor of the city after California was admitted as a state.

Mayor of Los Angeles
The mayor of Los Angeles is the head of the executive branch of the government of Los Angeles and the chief executive of Los Angeles. The office is officially nonpartisan, a change made in the 1909 charter; previously, both the elections and the office were partisan.

Forty-two men and one woman have been mayor since 1850, when California became a state following the American conquest of California. Between 1781 and the conquest, Californios, or native-born residents of the Mexican territory, served as alcalde, equivalent to mayor.  The current mayor is Karen Bass, who was elected on November 17, 2022, and took office on December 12, 2022.
Diane Lemieux
Diane Lemieux (born September 22, 1961) is a Canadian politician and administrator who serves as the president and chief executive officer of the Commission de la construction du Québec.

Her early activist experiences involved advocating for women's rights, first for sexual assault victims, then in her role as president of the Conseil du statut de la femme (1996-1998). Following that, she was a member of the Assemblée nationale du Québec (National Assembly of Quebec) (1998-2007) for nearly 10 years, under the governments of Lucien Bouchard and Bernard Landry.

She left political life for a brief stint in the private sector. After a year with Vision Globale, she returned to public service as the director of the Office of the Mayor and president of the executive committee of the city of Montreal.

In 2011, she stepped down from this position and became the president and chief executive officer of the Commission de la construction du Québec (CCQ).

Bernard Landry
Bernard Landry GOQ (French: [bɛʁnɑʁ lɑ̃dʁi]; March 9, 1937 – November 6, 2018) was a Canadian politician who served as the 28th premier of Quebec from 2001 to 2003. A member of the Parti Québécois (PQ), he led the party from 2001 to 2005, also serving as the leader of the Opposition from 2003 to 2005.
Uzana II of Pinya
Uzana II of Pinya (Burmese: ဥဇနာ, [ʔṵzənà]; also Uzana Pyaung, ဥဇနာ ပြောင်, [ʔṵzənà bjàʊɰ̃]; 1324/25 – September 1364) was king of Pinya for three months in 1364. He was merely a nominal king, and could not consolidate his power in the wake of the devastating raid by the northern Shan state of Mong Mao. He was overthrown in September 1364 by Thado Minbya of Sagaing.

Thado Minbya
Thado Minbya (Burmese: သတိုးမင်းဖျား, pronounced [ðədó mɪ́ɰ̃bjá]; 7 December 1345 – c. 3 September 1367) was the founder of the Kingdom of Ava. In his three plus years of reign (1364–67), the king laid the foundation for the reunification of Central Burma, which had been split into Pinya and Sagaing kingdoms since 1315. He also founded the capital city of Ava (Inwa) in 1365, which would remain the country's capital for most of the following five centuries. The young king restored order in central Burma, and tried to stamp out corrupt Buddhist clergy. He died of smallpox while on a southern military expedition in September 1367.

The 21-year-old king left no heirs. He was succeeded by his brother-in-law Swa Saw Ke.
Tauge goreng
Tauge goreng (Indonesian for "fried bean sprouts") is an Indonesian savoury vegetarian dish made of stir-fried tauge (bean sprouts) with slices of tofu, ketupat or lontong rice cake and yellow noodles, served in a spicy oncom-based sauce. Tauge goreng is a specialty of Jakarta and Bogor city, West Java, Indonesia. It is usually sold as street food using pikulan (carrying pole) or gerobak (cart) by street vendors. It is a popular street food in Indonesia, especially in Jakarta, and Greater Jakarta areas, including Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi.

Oncom
Oncom (IPA: ɔnˈtʃɔm) is a fermented food which is one of the traditional staples of the Sundanese cuisine of Indonesia. There are two kinds of oncom: red oncom and black oncom. The food is closely related to tempeh; both are fermented using mold.

Usually, oncom is made from the by-products of the production of other foods: soy pulp left over from making tofu, peanut press cake residue after the oil has been pressed out, cassava tailings after extracting the starch (aci sampeu), coconut press cake remaining after the oil has been pressed out or when coconut milk has been produced. Since oncom production uses by-products to make food, it increases the economic efficiency of food production.

Black oncom is made by using Rhizopus oligosporus while red oncom is made by using Neurospora intermedia var. oncomensis. It is the only traditional human food produced from Neurospora.

Red oncom has been found to reduce the cholesterol levels of rats.
Common brushtail possum in New Zealand
The common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) was introduced from Australia to New Zealand, where it has become invasive and a major agricultural and conservation pest. 
In Māori it is called paihamu, a transliteration of "possum".

Conservation in New Zealand
Nature conservation in New Zealand has a history associated with both Māori and Europeans. Both groups of people caused a loss of species and both altered their behaviour to a degree after realising their effect on indigenous flora and fauna.
Ben Rounsevell
William Benjamin Rounsevell (23 September 1843 – 18 July 1923), known as "Ben" or "Big Ben", was a South Australian politician. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1875 to 1893 and from 1899 to 1906, representing the Burra and Burra Burra seats for all but one term, when he held Port Adelaide. He was Treasurer of South Australia four times: from May to June 1881 under William Morgan, from 1884 to 1885 under John Colton, from January to June 1892 under Thomas Playford II and from 1892 to 1893 under John Downer. He also served as Commissioner of Public Works from 1890 to 1892 under Playford, and again in the seven-day Solomon Ministry of 1899. His brother, John Rounsevell, was also a South Australian politician.

John Downer
Sir John William Downer, KCMG, KC (6 July 1843 – 2 August 1915) was an Australian politician who served two terms as Premier of South Australia, from 1885 to 1887 and again from 1892 to 1893. He later entered federal politics and served as a Senator for South Australia from 1901 to 1903. He was the first of four Australian politicians from the Downer family dynasty.
Inverse-Wishart distribution
In statistics, the inverse Wishart distribution, also called the inverted Wishart distribution, is a probability distribution defined on real-valued positive-definite matrices.  In Bayesian statistics it is used as the conjugate prior for the covariance matrix of a multivariate normal distribution.

We say  follows an inverse Wishart distribution, denoted as , if its inverse  has a Wishart distribution . Important identities have been derived for the inverse-Wishart distribution.

Conjugate prior
In Bayesian probability theory, if, given a likelihood function ,  the posterior distribution  is in the same probability distribution family as the prior probability distribution , the prior and posterior are then called conjugate distributions with respect to that  likelihood function and the prior is called a conjugate prior for the likelihood function .

A conjugate prior is an algebraic convenience, giving a closed-form expression for the posterior; otherwise, numerical integration may be necessary. Further, conjugate priors may clarify how a likelihood function updates a prior distribution.

The concept, as well as the term "conjugate prior", were introduced by Howard Raiffa and Robert Schlaifer in their work on Bayesian decision theory. A similar concept had been discovered independently by George Alfred Barnard.
McLaren M12
The McLaren M12 was an open-cockpit racing car developed by Bruce McLaren Motor Racing in 1969, solely for the purpose of selling to customers in the Can-Am series.  The M12 combined elements from two of McLaren's previous efforts, the M6 series and the M8 series.

Chaparral Cars used an M12 in the early 1969 Can-Am season while their own model's development had been delayed.

McLaren M6A
The McLaren M6A was a Group 7 prototype race car designed and developed by driver Bruce McLaren, and built by his Bruce McLaren Motor Racing team for their entry in the 1967 Can-Am season.  As a replacement for the team's M1Bs from 1966, the Chevrolet-powered M6A's improved design earned Bruce McLaren and his team their first of multiple Can-Am championships.  After the M6As were replaced by the M8A in preparation for 1968, McLaren and technical partner Trojan–Tauranac Racing developed the M6B which was sold to customers for use in Can-Am as well as other racing series.

The M6 name was later used in the development of a closed-cockpit sports car for the 24 Hours of Le Mans known as the M6GT.  The company's plan to homologate it for the FIA's Group 4 regulations was, however, never completed, and only a few M6GT prototypes were finished by McLaren and Trojan.  Two M6GTs were later converted to road cars, one of which became Bruce McLaren's personal transport.
Black Hawk War (1865–1872)
The Black Hawk War, or Black Hawk's War, is the name of the estimated 150 battles, skirmishes, raids, and military engagements taking place from 1865 to 1872, primarily between Mormon settlers in Sanpete County, Sevier County and other parts of central and southern Utah, and members of 16 Ute, Southern Paiute, Apache and Navajo tribes, led by a local Ute war chief, Antonga Black Hawk. The conflict resulted in the abandonment of some settlements and hindered Mormon expansion in the region.

The years 1865 to 1867 were by far the most intense of the conflict, though intermittent conflict occurred until federal troops intervened in 1872. The Utah Territory spent $1.5 million on the war (equivalent to $35.43 million in 2024), and later requested reimbursement from the United States Government.

Navajo
The Navajo are an Indigenous People of the Southwestern United States. Their language is Navajo (Navajo: Diné bizaad), a Southern Athabascan language.

The states with the largest Diné populations are Arizona (140,263) and New Mexico (108,305). More than three-quarters of the Diné population resides in these two states.

The overwhelming majority of Diné are enrolled in the Navajo Nation. Some Diné are enrolled in the Colorado River Indian Tribes, another federally recognized tribe.

With more than 399,494 enrolled tribal citizens as of 2021, the Navajo Nation is the second largest federally recognized tribe in the United States. The Navajo Nation has the largest reservation in the country. The reservation straddles the Four Corners region and covers more than 27,325 square miles (70,770 square kilometers) of land in Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico. The Navajo Reservation is slightly larger than the state of West Virginia.
Danny Barker
Daniel Moses Barker (January 13, 1909 – March 13, 1994) was an American jazz musician, vocalist, and author from New Orleans. He was a rhythm guitarist for Cab Calloway, Lucky Millinder and Benny Carter during the 1930s.

One of Barker's earliest teachers in New Orleans was fellow banjoist Emanuel Sayles, with whom he recorded. Throughout his career, he played with Jelly Roll Morton, Baby Dodds, James P. Johnson, Sidney Bechet, Mezz Mezzrow, and Red Allen. He also toured and recorded with his wife, singer Blue Lu Barker. From the 1960s, Barker's work with the Fairview Baptist Church Brass Band was pivotal in ensuring the longevity of jazz in New Orleans, producing generations of new talent, including Wynton and Branford Marsalis who played in the band as youths.

Benny Carter
Bennett Lester Carter (August 8, 1907 – July 12, 2003) was an American jazz saxophonist, clarinetist, trumpeter, composer, arranger, and bandleader. With Johnny Hodges, he was a pioneer on the alto saxophone. From the beginning of his career in the 1920s, he worked as an arranger, including writing charts for Fletcher Henderson's big band that shaped the swing style. He had an unusually long career that lasted into the 1990s. During the 1980s and 1990s, he was nominated for eight Grammy Awards, which included receiving a Lifetime Achievement Award.
Abraham Iyambo
Abraham Iyambo (2 February 1961 – 2 February 2013) was a Namibian politician. Iyambo was a member of the National Assembly of Namibia since 1995, serving as Minister of Fisheries from 1997 to 2010 and  Minister of Education from 2010 until his death. Iyambo was a member of both the central committee and political bureau of the SWAPO Party and the chairperson of its think tank.

Ministry of Fisheries (Namibia)
The Ministry of Fisheries was a government ministry of Namibia, with headquarters in Windhoek. 
At Namibian independence in 1990 the fisheries portfolio was allocated to the Ministry of Agriculture. Only in 1991 was a separate Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources (MFMR) established, the first minister was Helmut Angula.

In 2025 the ministry was disestablished, and the portfolio of fisheries was given back to the agriculture ministry. The current Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries, Water and Land Reform is Mac Hengari.
Mexcala macilenta
Mexcala macilenta is a species of jumping spider in the genus Mexcala that lives in Ethiopia and Tanzania. The spider was first defined in 2000 by Wanda Wesołowska and Anthony Russell-Smith. It mimics ants and ant-like wasps, living alongside and preying upon them. The spider is medium-sized to large, with a brown carapace between 3.2 and 3.4 mm (0.13 and 0.13 in) long and a rusty-brown or greyish-russet abdomen between 3.2 and 5.5 mm (0.13 and 0.22 in) long. The female is larger than the male. Both male and females have long thin brown legs and a distinctive pattern of a large triangular black marking in the middle of the abdomen. The male copulatory organs have a thin tibial apophysis and lack the triangular lobe on the palpal bulb that other species in the genus possess.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Torneo Promocional Amateur
The Torneo Promocional Amateur is the fifth level of the Argentine football league system for clubs directly affiliated with the AFA. Established in 2023, it replaced Primera D, which was dissolved after its edition that same year.

According to the requirements of the competition, players must be under 26 years of age with no history of previous contracts signed.

Primera D Metropolitana
The Primera D was one of two leagues that form the fifth division of the Argentine football league system. Made up of 11 clubs from Buenos Aires Province, the league is the only one that remains amateur. The other league at level five is the Torneo Federal C, where teams from regional leagues take part.

It was created in 1950 under the name "Tercera de Ascenso" ("third level of promotion"). The first champion was Liniers. In 1962 the tournament changed its name to "Primera de Aficionados", which lasted to 1974, when it was called "Primera D", which has remained to date.

Since the restructuring of the league system in 1986, the division became the fifth category of Argentine football (lower than Primera División, Primera B Nacional, Primera B Metropolitana and Primera C).

In 2023 its last edition was held because from 2024, the category was unified with the Primera C in a single tournament.
Giulia Grillo
Giulia Grillo (born 30 May 1975) is an Italian physician and politician who served as the Italian Minister of Health from 1 June 2018 to 5 September 2019. A member of the Five Star Movement, she has served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 15 March 2013.

Minister of Health (Italy)
The minister of health (Italian: ministro della salute) in Italy is one of the positions in the Italian government. The ministry was officially established in 1958, with Vincenzo Monaldi, of the Christian Democracy, serving as the first minister. From 1946 to 1958, the position was held by a high commissioners for hygiene and public health, who was not a minister but a special commissioner. Nicola Perrotti, of the Italian Socialist Party, served as the first high commissioner.

The current head of the Ministry of Health is professor Orazio Schillaci, appointed on 22 October 2022 by Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni.
Raúl Landini
Raúl Athos Landini (July 14, 1909 – September 29, 1988) was an Argentine boxer who competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Buenos Aires.

In 1928 he won the silver medal in the welterweight class after losing the final against Ted Morgan.

Ted Morgan (boxer)
Edward "Ted" Morgan (5 April 1906 – 22 November 1952) was a New Zealand boxer. He won the gold medal in the welterweight division at the 1928 Summer Olympics, despite competing throughout the tournament with a dislocated knuckle in his left hand. This was the first gold medal won for an athlete representing New Zealand.
Zaamslag
Zaamslag is a village in the Dutch province of Zeeland. It is a part of the municipality of Terneuzen, and lies about 28 km southeast of Vlissingen.

Zaamslag was a separate municipality until 1970, when it was merged with Terneuzen. Before being a municipality, it was a significant village in the Medieval Era (see below), and is a very important archaeological site.

Terneuzen
Terneuzen (Dutch pronunciation: [tərˈnøːzə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the southwestern Netherlands, in the province of Zeeland, in the middle of Zeelandic Flanders. With almost 55,000 inhabitants, it is the most populous municipality of Zeeland.
Francine (wrestling)
Francine Meeks (née Fournier; born February 19, 1972), known by the mononym Francine, is an American professional wrestling valet and professional wrestler. She is best known for her appearances with Extreme Championship Wrestling from 1995 to 2001 and with World Wrestling Entertainment in 2005 and 2006. During her tenure with ECW, Francine managed several of the promotion's top wrestlers.

Manager (professional wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a manager is a supporting character paired with a wrestler (or wrestlers) for a variety of reasons. A woman accompanying, or "seconding", a male wrestler to a match is sometimes referred to as a valet.

Performers who assume this role may be non-wrestlers, occasional wrestlers, older wrestlers who have retired or are nearing retirement, the tag team partner of the wrestler they are managing, or new wrestlers who are breaking into the business (or a specific company) and need experience in front of the crowds. The wrestler who is paired with a manager may be referred to as their charge, client, or ward. A professional wrestling manager's portrayal as a wrestler's decision-maker is usually fictional and has nothing to do with a wrestler or promotion's real-world counterpart or road agent.
Nicolas Still
Nicolas Still (born 7 March 1997) is a football coach who is the current assistant manager of Club Brugge in the Belgian Pro League. He has worked as a video analyst and an assistant manager, mainly for his brothers Will and Edward Still, and for Ivan Leko.

Edward Still
Edward Still (born 30 December 1990) is a Belgian-British football manager. He is currently the head coach of EFL Championship club Watford.

He has managed Charleroi, Eupen, Kortrijk and Anderlecht in the Belgian Pro League, starting at age 30. In February 2026, he was appointed manager of Championship club Watford.
2008 Chino Hills earthquake
The 2008 Chino Hills earthquake occurred at 11:42:15 am PDT (18:42:15 UTC) on July 29 in Southern California, United States. The epicenter of the magnitude 5.4 earthquake was in Chino Hills, c. 28 miles (45 km) east-southeast of downtown Los Angeles. Movement on an oblique-slip fault resulted in a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong). Though there were no deaths, eight people were injured, and it caused considerable damage in numerous structures throughout the area and caused some amusement park facilities to shut down their rides. The earthquake led to increased discussion regarding the possibility of a stronger earthquake in the future.

Chino Hills, California
Chino Hills (/ˈtʃiːnoʊ/ CHEE-noh; chino being Spanish for 'curly') is a city in the Greater Los Angeles area of California. It is located in the southwestern corner of San Bernardino. As of the 2020 census, Chino Hills had a population of 78,411.
North-Eastern University, Gombe
North-Eastern University, Gombe (formerly known as Pen Resource University), established by proprietor of Pen Resource Academy (PRA), is a private, co-educational group of schools in Gombe, Gombe State, in north-eastern Nigeria. It is among twelve private universities approved to be established by the Federal Executive Council (FEC) on April 6, 2022. It became licensed by the Nigeria .Universities Commission (NUC) in May 2022.

National Universities Commission
The National Universities Commission (NUC) is a Nigerian government agency set up to regulate higher education in Nigeria.

NUC, as it is popularly called, was established in 1962 as an advisory agency in the cabinet office.  In 1974, it became a statutory body and its first executive secretary was professor Jibril Aminu.  NUC is currently part of the Federal Ministry of Education and is a parastatal (government-owned corporation).

The commission has a governing council, currently headed by professor Shehu Galadanchi and its executive secretary is Abubakar Adamu Rasheed, who assumed office on 3 August 2016.  Since its establishment, the commission has transformed from a small office in the cabinet office to an important arm of government in the area of development and management of university education in Nigeria.
Shadow Secretary of State for Education
The shadow secretary of state for education, also called the shadow education secretary, is an office in the Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet responsible for Opposition policy on education and for holding the secretary of state for education, junior education ministers, and the Department for Education to account.

Department for Education
The Department for Education (DfE) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for child protection, child services, education (compulsory, further, and higher education), apprenticeships, and wider skills in England.

A Department for Education previously existed between 1992, when the Department of Education and Science was renamed, and 1995, when it was merged with the Department for Employment to become the Department for Education and Employment.

The current holder of Secretary of State for Education is the Rt Hon Bridget Phillipson MP and Susan Acland-Hood is the permanent secretary.

The expenditure, administration, and policy of the Department of Education are scrutinised by the Education Select Committee.