hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bishr ibn al-Walid
Bishr ibn al-Walīd ibn ʿAbd al-Malik (Arabic: بشر بن الوليد) (fl. 710–740s) was an Umayyad prince and commander who led military expeditions against the Byzantine Empire in 710/11 and 714/15 and later participated in the Umayyad opposition against his kinsman, Caliph al-Walid II (r. 743–744). He was imprisoned by his erstwhile ally and kinsman, Caliph Marwan II, in 745 and presumably died in incarceration.

Marwan II
Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan (Arabic: مروان بن محمد بن مروان, romanized: Marwān ibn Muḥammad ibn Marwān; c. 691– 6 August 750), commonly known as Marwan II and surnamed al-Himar (Arabic: الحمار), was the fourteenth and last caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 744 until his death. His reign was dominated by a civil war, and he was the last Umayyad ruler to rule the united Caliphate before the Abbasid Revolution toppled the Umayyad dynasty.
Jere Uronen
Jere Juhani Uronen (born 13 July 1994) is a Finnish professional footballer who plays as a full-back for Super League Greece club Atromitos and the Finland national team. He began his senior club career playing for TPS, before signing with Helsingborgs IF at age 17 in 2012.

Uronen made his international debut for Finland in May 2012, at the age of 17 and has since had over 70 caps, including appearing in 2014 and 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifications. He was a regular member of the national team in UEFA Euro 2020 qualification matches and helped Finland secure its first ever place in European Football Championship tournament´s group stage.

Finland national football team
The Finland national football team (Finnish: Suomen jalkapallomaajoukkue, Swedish: Finlands fotbollslandslag) represents Finland in men's international football competitions and is controlled by the Football Association of Finland, the governing body for football in Finland, which was founded in 1907. The team has been a member of FIFA since 1908 and a UEFA member since 1957.

Finland had never qualified for a major tournament until securing a spot at UEFA Euro 2020. After decades of average results and campaigns, the nation made progress in the 2000s, achieving notable results against established European teams and reaching a peak of 33rd in the FIFA World Rankings in 2007. Afterward, their performances and results declined, drawing them to their all-time low of 110th in the FIFA Rankings in 2017. Seven years after their all-time low in the FIFA Rankings, as of October 2025, they sit at 72nd place in the overall ranking.
American Sign Language phonology
American Sign Language (ASL) and other sign languages are characterized by phonological processes analogous to those of spoken languages. Phonemes serve the same role between spoken and sign languages: the main difference is spoken language phonemes are based on sound and sign language phonemes are spatial and temporal.  Research into phonotactics in ASL is ongoing, but literature has largely agreed upon the Symmetry and Dominance Conditions as phonotactic constraints.  Allophones perform the same in ASL as they do in spoken languages, where different phonemes can cause free variation, or complementary and contrastive distribution.  There is assimilation between phonemes depending on the context around the sign when it is being produced.  The brain processes spoken and signed language the same in terms of the linguistic properties, however, there is differences in activation between the auditory and visual cortex for language perception.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
Nélson Lenho
Nélson Ricardo Cerqueira Rodrigues Lenho (born 22 March 1984) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a left-back.

He played 84 matches in the Primeira Liga over five seasons, representing Leixões, Penafiel, Chaves and Aves in the competition. He added 223 games and four goals in the LigaPro.

C.D. Aves
Clube Desportivo das Aves (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈkluβɨ ðɨʃpuɾˈtivu ðɐz ˈavɨʃ]), commonly known as Desportivo das Aves, or simply as Aves, was a Portuguese football club based in Vila das Aves, Santo Tirso. The club was founded on 12 November 1930 and played at the Estádio do Clube Desportivo das Aves, which holds a seating capacity of 6,230.

As a sports club, it has football schools for junior players and two futsal teams for both men and women, as well as a football trial system to help younger players come through the academy. The club's official supporters' group was the Força Avense.
Divorce in the Philippines
Divorce is a contentious issue for the Philippines, which has a predominantly Catholic population even though other nation/states of such characterization already have it. Dissolution of marriage through divorce is not typically legally available to Filipino citizens, and annulment is the usual legal alternative. The Muslim Personal Code, however, allows for divorce for couples who got married through the Islamic rite under specific circumstances. The Philippines is often cited as the "only country in the world" where divorce is illegal, aside from the Vatican City after Malta had divorce legalized in 2011.

Couples may also opt for legal separation, alternatively referred to as "relative divorce", although this process does not dissolve the marriage. Relative divorce is contrasted with "absolute divorce", a setup where previously married individuals are allowed to remarry.

There have been several attempts to legalize absolute divorce in the Philippine Congress.

Legal separation
Legal separation (sometimes judicial separation, separate maintenance, divorce a mensa et thoro, or divorce from bed-and-board) is a legal process by which a married couple may formalize a marital separation while remaining legally married. A legal separation is granted in the form of a court order. In cases where children are involved, a court order of legal separation often makes child custody arrangements, specifying sole custody or shared parenting, as well as child support. Some couples obtain a legal separation as an alternative to a divorce, based on moral or religious objections to divorce.

Legal separation does not automatically lead to divorce. The couple might reconcile, in which case they do not have to do anything in order to continue their marriage.
Winterhalder & Hofmeier
Winterhalder and Hofmeier goes back to  Winterhalder Uhrenfabrik in the Black Forest, a clock manufacturer from 1810. It was further manifested from 1850 under the new name Winterhalder & Hofmeier. In 1869 the company was renamed M. Winterhalder & Hofmeier, Friedenweiler und Schwaerzenbach, in Neustadt. From 1908 the new name was M. Winterhalder & Hofmeier GmbH. The company was part of the Black Forest clockmaker industry as its factory was located in Titisee-Neustadt and surroundings and as it subscribed to high quality standards. The company existed until 1933. It is regarded as one of the finest Victorian clockmakers of the time.

Titisee-Neustadt
Titisee-Neustadt (German pronunciation: [ˌtɪtizeːˈnɔʏʃtat] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is made up of the six Stadtteile (quarters) of Neustadt, Langenordnach, Rudenberg, Titisee, Schwärzenbach and Waldau.

The town of Neustadt is a spa known for its Kneipp hydrotherapeutic and curative methods. Furthermore, it is a winter sport center.
USS Cayuga (LST-1186)
USS Cayuga (LST-1186) was a Newport-class tank landing ship of the United States Navy which replaced the traditional bow door-design tank landing ships (LSTs). The vessel was constructed by the National Steel and Shipbuilding Company in San Diego, California and was launched in 1969 and commissioned in 1970. Cayuga took part in the Vietnam War and Gulf War in American service. Decommissioned in 1994, the LST was transferred to the Brazilian Navy the same year on loan and renamed NDCC Mattoso Maia (G 28). The ship was purchased by Brazil outright in 2001. Mattoso Maia took part in MINUSTAH before being taken out of service in 2023. On 15 December 2025, the ship was sunk during a live-fire exercise by the Brazilian Navy near the coast of Rio de Janeiro.

National Steel and Shipbuilding Company
National Steel and Shipbuilding Company (NASSCO) is an American shipbuilding company with four shipyards located in San Diego, Norfolk, Bremerton, and Mayport. It is a division of General Dynamics. NASSCO owns a subsidiary manufacturing facility with TIMSA in Mexicali, Mexico. The San Diego shipyard specializes in constructing commercial cargo ships and auxiliary vessels for the US Navy and Military Sealift Command; it is the only new-construction shipyard on the West Coast of the United States. NASSCO performs ship repairs and conversions for the United States Navy in all four shipyard locations: San Diego, Norfolk, Bremerton, and Mayport.
Hearst Greek Theatre
The William Randolph Hearst Greek Theatre, known locally as simply the Greek Theatre, is an 8,500-seat Greek Theatre owned and operated by the University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, California, United States.

The Greek Theatre hosts The Berkeley Jazz Festival, pop, rock, and world music concerts, UC Berkeley graduation ceremonies, occasional addresses by noted speakers, and other events. Past speakers include President Theodore Roosevelt, William Randolph Hearst, Bishop Desmond Tutu, and the Dalai Lama.

Amphitheatre
An amphitheatre  (American English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphitheatron), from ἀμφί (amphi), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and θέατρον (théātron), meaning "place for viewing".

Ancient Greek theatres were typically built on hillsides and semi-circular in design. The first amphitheatre may have been built at Pompeii around 70 BC. Ancient Roman amphitheatres were oval or circular in plan, with seating tiers that surrounded the central performance area, like a modern open-air stadium. In contrast, both ancient Greek and ancient Roman theatres were built in a semicircle, with tiered seating rising on one side of the performance area.

Modern English parlance uses "amphitheatre" for any structure with sloping seating, including theatre-style stages with spectator seating on only one side, theatres in the round, and stadia. They can be indoor or outdoor.
Escanaba Central Historic District
The Escanaba Central Historic District is a commercial historic district located along Ludington Street in Escanaba, Michigan, generally encompassing the 200-1800 blocks. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Richter Brewery
The Richter Brewery, also known as the Delta Building, is a commercial building located at 1615 Ludington Street in Escanaba, Michigan.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.
Bobby Molloy
Robert Molloy (9 July 1936 – 2 October 2016) was an Irish politician who served as Minister of State for Housing and Urban Renewal and Minister of State to the Government from 1997 to 2002, Minister for Energy from 1989 to 1992, Minister for Defence from 1977 to 1979, Minister for Local Government from 1970 to 1973, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Education from 1969 to 1970 and Mayor of Galway from 1968 to 1969. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Galway West constituency from 1965 to 2002.

Mayor of Galway
The office of Mayor of Galway is an honorific title used by the Cathaoirleach of Galway City Council. The council has jurisdiction throughout its administrative area of the city of Galway which is the largest city in the province of Connacht, in Ireland. The current mayor is Mike Cubbard, independent.
Alliance for Croatia
Alliance for Croatia (Croatian: Savez za Hrvatsku) was a right-wing electoral alliance in Croatia. The aim of the coalition was the joint appearance of smaller right-wing parties in the 2014 European Parliament elections and 2014–2015 Croatian presidential elections. The coalition was dissolved in 2015.

The coalition consisted of:

Croatian Democratic Alliance of Slavonia and Baranja

Croatian Party of Rights

Croatian Dawn – Party of the People

Authentic Croatian Peasant Party

Family Party

Action for a Better Croatia

A Vow for Croatia

Croatian Growth dissidents

In the European Parliament elections in 2014 the coalition received 6.88% of the vote. Although they passed the threshold of 5%, they did not win a seat. In the presidential elections later that year, their candidate Milan Kujundžić finished fourth with 6.30% of the vote.

2014 European Parliament election in Croatia
European Parliament elections were held in Croatia on 25 May 2014.

These were the second elections to the European Parliament in Croatia since the country's accession to the European Union was completed in 2013.

The country formed a single constituency, with members elected by proportional representation using open lists.
Josip Drmić
Josip Drmić (pronounced [jǒsip dř̩mitɕ]; born 8 August 1992) is a Swiss professional footballer who most recently played as a striker for HNL club Dinamo Zagreb.

Drmić began his career with Zürich and moved to 1. FC Nürnberg in 2013, where he scored 17 goals  in his first Bundesliga season. He then moved to Bayer Leverkusen for one season and was signed by Borussia Mönchengladbach, who loaned him to Hamburger SV in 2016. After playing in the Premier League for Norwich City he moved to the Croatian Football League in 2021, playing for Rijeka and Dinamo Zagreb

A full international from 2012 to 2019, Drmić earned 35 caps for Switzerland, and scored 10 goals. He represented them at the 2012 Olympics and the 2014 and 2018 FIFA World Cups.

Croatian Football League
The Hrvatska nogometna liga (pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː nôɡomeːtnaː lǐːɡa]; lit. 'Croatian Football League'), abbreviated as HNL and also known for sponsorship reasons as the SuperSport HNL, is a professional association football league in Croatia and the highest level of the Croatian football league system. Established in 1992, it was previously called Prva Hrvatska nogometna liga (1. HNL; lit. 'First Croatian Football League'), but a league structure reorganization from 2022–23 led to name changes for the three top league levels.
Boris Zakhava
Boris Yevgenyevich Zakhava (Russian: Борис Евгеньевич Захава; May 24, 1896 – November 12, 1976) was a Soviet and Russian actor, theater director, pedagogue and theater theorist. People's Artist of the USSR (1967).

People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный артист СССР (Narodny artist SSSR), awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР (Narodny khudozhnik SSSR), granted in some visual arts.

As those titles were granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges and would often receive commissions from the Minister of Culture of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics (ASSRs), had a similar award that would be held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of People's Artist of the USSR.
Thomas D. Bradstreet
Thomas Dudley Bradstreet (August 1, 1841 – August 15, 1915) was an American politician from Connecticut. He served in the Connecticut House of Representatives and the Connecticut Senate. He served as Connecticut State Comptroller from 1907 to 1913.

Connecticut State Comptroller
The state comptroller is the chief fiscal guardian of the State of Connecticut. The duties and responsibilities of the state comptroller include, among other things, overseeing state accounting, preparing state financial reports, paying and administering benefits to state employees, settling demands against the state that do not first have to be approved or adjusted by the General Assembly, administering miscellaneous appropriations for employee taxes, insurance, and health services, and administering grants to police, firefighters, and municipalities.

Comptrollers in Connecticut are elected to a term of four years, their election taking place in the same cycle as gubernatorial elections.

The current state comptroller is Sean Scanlon, a Democrat who has served since January 4, 2023.
Howard Frazin
Howard Frazin (born 1962) is a composer based in Somerville, Massachusetts. His works are published by Edition Peters and he has served as president of Composers in Red Sneakers. He served on the faculty of the Longy School of Music and has taught at New England Conservatory, Northeastern University, and Roxbury Latin School.

Somerville, Massachusetts
Somerville (/ˈsʌmərvɪl/ SUM-ər-vil) is a city located directly to the northwest of Boston, and north of Cambridge, in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a total population of 81,045 people. With an area of 4.12 square miles (10.7 km2), the city has a density of 19,671/sq mi (7,595/km2), making it the most densely populated municipality in New England and the 19th most densely populated incorporated municipality in the country. Somerville was established as a town in 1842, when it was separated from Charlestown. In 2006, the city was named the best-run city in Massachusetts by The Boston Globe. In 1972, 2009, and 2015, the city received the All-America City Award. It is home to Tufts University, which has its campus along the Somerville and Medford border.
Cullercoats Metro station
Cullercoats is a Tyne and Wear Metro station, serving the suburbs of Cullercoats and Marden, North Tyneside in Tyne and Wear, England. It joined the network on 11 August 1980, following the opening of the first phase of the network, between Haymarket and Tynemouth via Four Lane Ends.

North Tyneside
North Tyneside is a metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, England. It forms part of the greater Tyneside conurbation. North Tyneside Council is headquartered at Cobalt Park, Wallsend.

North Tyneside is bordered by Newcastle upon Tyne to the west, the North Sea to the east, the River Tyne to the south and Northumberland to the north. Within its bounds are the towns of Wallsend, North Shields, Killingworth, Tynemouth and Whitley Bay, which form a continuously built-up area contiguous with Newcastle upon Tyne.
Autódromo Oscar Cabalén
Autódromo Oscar Cabalén is a 4.045 km (2.513 mi) motorsports circuit located in Villa Parque Santa Ana, Córdoba, Argentina. It has hosted events in the TC2000, Turismo Nacional and Formula Nacional Argentina series. The circuit is named in honour of racing driver, Oscar Cabalén (1928–1967).

Fórmula Nacional Argentina
The Fórmula Nacional Argentina, formerly known as Formula Renault 2.0 Argentina, Formula Renault 1.6 Argentina and Formula Renault Argentina, is an open wheel racing series founded in 1980. It is based in Argentina.
Peter Lindmark
Peter "Pekka" Lindmark (born 8 November 1956) is a Swedish former ice hockey goaltender. During his career he represented three teams in Elitserien: Timrå IK, Färjestads BK and Malmö Redhawks.

He also had a successful international career, representing the Swedish National Team in several international tournaments, including the World Championships (where he won a gold medal in 1987), and the Canada Cup in 1981, 1984 and 1987. He was also awarded the IIHF (International Ice Hockey Federation) award for best goaltender in the world twice (1981 and 1986).

Malmö Redhawks
The Malmö Redhawks (colloquially referred to simply as Malmö or by past abbreviation MIF) are a Swedish professional ice hockey team based in Malmö, Sweden, which plays in the SHL, with Malmö Arena as the venue for home games.

The history of the team dates back to 1944 as the ice hockey division of the now exclusively football club Malmö FF. In 1972 the team divested from Malmö FF, marking the start of the hockey association initially known as Malmö IF. The team name was changed to MIF Redhawks in 2001 and then to the present name IF Malmö Redhawks in 2004. Officially the team goes by the name Ishockeyföreningen Malmö Redhawks (Ice Hockey Association Malmö Redhawks). The current CEO is Patrik Sylvegård who represented the team during his senior playing career.
Zuko Godlimpi
Zuko Godlimpi (born 21 March 1992) is a South African politician from the Eastern Cape. He has been serving as Deputy Minister of Trade, Industry and Competition since July 2024. A member of the African National Congress (ANC), he was elected to his first term in the National Assembly in the May 2024 general election.

Godlimpi entered politics as a student activist in the South African Students Congress and rose to prominence in the ANC Youth League. In December 2022, he was the youngest candidate elected to a five-year term on the ANC National Executive Committee. Until his elevation to the National Assembly in 2024, he worked as a political staffer in the ANC-led Eastern Cape Provincial Government, most recently as special adviser to Eastern Cape Premier Oscar Mabuyane.

Government of the Eastern Cape
The Eastern Cape province of South Africa is governed in a parliamentary system in which the people elect the provincial legislature and the legislature, in turn, elects the Premier as head of the executive. The Premier leads an Executive Council consisting of members who oversee various executive departments. The structure of the provincial government is defined by chapter six of the Constitution of South Africa.
Anansi (genus)
Anansi is a genus of pirate spiders in the family Mimetidae, endemic to sub-Saharan Africa. The genus was first described in 2017 by Benavides and Hormiga, who separated these species from the genus Mimetus based on molecular phylogenetic analysis and distinctive morphological characteristics.

Pirate spider
Pirate spiders, members of the  family Mimetidae, are araneomorph spiders which typically feed on other spiders.

The family Mimetidae contains roughly 200 species divided among 12 genera, of which Mimetus and Ero are the most common. Mimetids are usually yellow and brown and are usually 3 to 7 millimetres (1⁄8 to 1⁄4 in) long. Mimetids can be recognized by the rows of spine-like hairs on their long front legs; the rows consist of a long spine, followed by a series of progressively shorter ones.