hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Parakramabahu II
Parakramabahu II, also known as Panditha Parakramabāhu, was the King of Dambadeniya in 13th century, whose reign lasted from 1236 to 1270. As a pioneer in literature, he was bestowed with the honorary title "Kalikala Sahitya Sarvagna Pandita". Parakramabahu's reign is notable for the creation of numerous Sinhalese literal works such as, Kausilumina, Pūjāvaliya, Pāli Vishuddḥi Mārgaya, Thūpavaṃsa and Sidhath Sangarāva. He launched a campaign against the Eastern Ganga invader Kalinga Magha, and successfully expelled him from Polonnaruwa Kingdom but Kalinga Magha continued to rule the Jaffna Kingdom. He succeeded his father Vijayabahu III as King of Dambadeniya, and was succeeded by his elder son, Vijayabahu IV, after his death.

Sri Lankan literature
Sri Lankan literature is the literary tradition of Sri Lanka. The largest part of Sri Lankan literature was written in the Sinhala language, but there is a considerable number of works in other languages used in Sri Lanka over the millennia (including Tamil, Pāli, and English). However, the languages used in ancient times were very different from the language used in Sri Lanka now.

Up to the present, short stories are a very important part of Sri Lankan literature; the output of Sinhalese short story writers has elicited a greater measure of critical analysis.
Ten Tors
Ten Tors is an annual weekend hike in early May, on Dartmoor, southwest England. Organized by the British Army, starting in 1960, it brings together teams of six young people, with the 2,400 young participants hiking to checkpoints on ten specified tors. The majority of entrants are schools, colleges, Scout groups and Cadet squadrons from South West England, though groups from across the UK have regularly taken part, as have teams from Australia and New Zealand. However, from 2012, only teams from the South West of England are eligible to take part, due to the large numbers of entrants.

Tor (rock formation)
A tor, which is also known by geomorphologists as either a castle koppie or kopje, is a large, free-standing rock outcrop that rises abruptly from the surrounding smooth and gentle slopes of a rounded hill summit or ridge crest. In the South West of England, the term is commonly also used for the hills themselves – particularly the high points of Dartmoor in Devon and Bodmin Moor in Cornwall.
Herne Bay Pier
Herne Bay Pier was the third pier to be built at Herne Bay, Kent for passenger steamers. It was notable for its exceptional length of 3,787 feet (1,154 m) and made famous after appearing in the opening sequence of Ken Russell's first feature film French Dressing. Herne Bay Pier suffered extensive damage in a 1978 storm, leading to much of it being dismantled in 1980, leaving only a pier-stub at the landward end, and part of the landing stage isolated at sea. The two previous piers built on the same location included a wooden deep-sea pier designed by Thomas Rhodes, assistant of Thomas Telford, and a second shorter iron version by Wilkinson & Smith.

Paddle steamer
A paddle steamer is a steamship or steamboat powered by a steam engine driving paddle wheels to propel the craft through the water. Earlier ships that are driven by a paddle wheel under manual power are known as paddle wheelers.

In the early 19th century, paddle wheels were the predominant way of propulsion for steam-powered boats. In the late 19th century, paddle propulsion was largely superseded by the screw propeller and other marine propulsion systems that have a higher efficiency, especially in rough or open water.

Paddle wheels continue to be used by some ships that operate as excursion boats, floating restaurants, and casinos; these include replica vessels, and are often diesel powered.

Small pedal-powered paddle boats are also found, typically as novelty attractions.
Siege of Valencia (1812)
The siege of Valencia from 3 November 1811 to 9 January 1812, saw Marshal Louis Gabriel Suchet's French Army of Aragon besiege Captain General Joaquín Blake y Joyes's forces in the city of Valencia, Spain, during the Peninsular War. The 20,000 to 30,000 French troops compelled 16,000 Spanish soldiers to surrender at the conclusion of the siege, although another 7,000 Spaniards escaped from the trap. Suchet quickly converted Valencia into an important base of operations after this Napoleonic Wars action. Valencia, modern-day capital of the Valencian Community, is located on the east coast of Spain.

Marshal of France
Marshal of France (French: Maréchal de France, plural Maréchaux de France) is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements. The title has been awarded since 1185, though briefly abolished (1793–1804) and for a period dormant (1870–1916). It was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration, and one of the Grand Dignitaries of the Empire during the First French Empire (when the title was Marshal of the Empire, not Marshal of France).

Between the end of the 16th century and the middle of the 19th century, six Marshals of France were given the even more exalted rank of Marshal General of France: Biron, Lesdiguières, Turenne, Villars, Saxe, and Soult.

The distinction of Admiral of France is the equivalent in the French Navy.
Donata Vogtschmidt
Donata Katharina Rebecca Vogtschmidt (born 24 February 1998) is a German politician from Die Linke. She was a member of the Landtag of Thuringia from 2021 to 2024. In the 2025 German federal election she was elected to the 21st German Bundestag via her party's state list.

Landtag of Thuringia
The Landtag of Thuringia is the parliament of the German state of Thuringia. It convenes in Erfurt and currently consists of 88 members from five parties. According to the free state's constitution, the primary functions of the Landtag are to pass laws, elect the Minister-President and control the government of Thuringia.
Ash Riddell
Ashleigh Riddell (born 7 March 1996) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the North Melbourne Football Club in the AFL Women's (AFLW). Riddell won the AFL Women's best and fairest and AFLCA AFLW champion player of the year awards in 2025. She is a dual AFL Women's premiership player, five-time AFL Women's All-Australian and dual North Melbourne Club Champion.

North Melbourne Club Champion (AFL Women's)
In the AFL Women's (AFLW), the North Melbourne best and fairest award is awarded to the best and fairest player at the North Melbourne Football Club during the home-and-away season. The award has been awarded annually since the club's inaugural season in the competition in 2019, and Jenna Bruton was the inaugural winner of the award.
Tor Baseball Field
Tor Baseball Field (also known as Tors-Whitecaps Field, Whitecaps-Tors Field, Whitecaps Field, and GISD/Whitecaps Field) is a baseball venue located at 83rd Street and Stewart Road on Galveston Island in Galveston, Texas. It serves as the home field for the Galveston Ball High School Tornadoes baseball team.

Ball High School
Ball High School is a public secondary school in Galveston, Texas, United States. Ball, which covers grades 9 through 12, is a part of Galveston Independent School District.

Ball High School serves the cities of Galveston and Jamaica Beach and the unincorporated communities of Port Bolivar and Crystal Beach on the Bolivar Peninsula. The school mascot is the Tornado, named "Tuffy Tor."
Rockwood & Company
Rockwood & Company was a New York City-based chocolatier which operated from 1886 until 1957. It coordinated the industry's first resale price contracts, operated the largest chocolate factory in New York, and was the second largest producer of chocolate in the United States, after the Hershey Company. Founded in the borough of Manhattan, it moved to the Brooklyn neighborhood of Wallabout, gradually expanding its footprint to occupy most of a city block. In 1919, a fire led to a flood of chocolate in the street, attracting a crowd of children. Rockwood & Company sold the factory to the Sweets Company of America in 1957, who used it to produce Tootsie Rolls until it closed in 1967. The Rockwood & Company factory complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, which was later merged into the Wallabout Industrial Historic District. It was converted to luxury apartments in 1996.

Tootsie Roll Industries
Tootsie Roll Industries (/ˈtʊtsi/) is an American manufacturer of confectionery based in Chicago, Illinois. Its best-known products include the namesake Tootsie Rolls and Tootsie Pops. Tootsie Roll Industries currently markets its brands internationally in Canada, Mexico, and over 75 other countries.
Vladimír Nedvěd
Vladimír Nedvěd, MBE, DFC (27 March 1917 – 31 October 2012) was a Czech flyer who served with the Royal Air Force during the Second World War and the early Cold War period. He was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire for gallantry, and awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Czech Gallantry Medal and the War Cross with three bars, and in later life the Order of the White Lion.

Order of the White Lion
The Order of the White Lion (Czech: Řád Bílého lva) is the highest order of the Czech Republic. It continues a Czechoslovak order of the same name created in 1922 as an award for foreigners (Czechoslovakia having no civilian decoration for its citizens in the 1920s and 1930s). It was inspired by the Czech Nobility Cross created in 1814 by the Emperor and King Francis II and awarded to 37 Bohemian noblemen.
Enquirer Media
The Enquirer Media is a company in Cincinnati, Ohio. The company has a portfolio of over 50 print and digital brands (including The Cincinnati Enquirer, The Kentucky Enquirer, Cincinnati.com, NKY.com). Other brands in the Enquirer Media portfolio include The Community Press and Recorder, Our Town, Deal Chicken, CareerBuilder.com, Cars.com, Homefinder.com and Apartments.com.

The Cincinnati Enquirer
The Cincinnati Enquirer is a morning daily newspaper published by USA Today Co. in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. First published in 1841, the Enquirer is the last remaining daily newspaper in Greater Cincinnati and Northern Kentucky, although the daily Journal-News competes with the Enquirer in the northern suburbs. The Enquirer has the highest circulation of any print publication in the Cincinnati metropolitan area. A daily local edition for Northern Kentucky is published as The Kentucky Enquirer. In addition to the Cincinnati Enquirer and Kentucky Enquirer, USA Today Co. publishes a variety of print and electronic periodicals in the Cincinnati area, including 16 Community Press weekly newspapers, 10 Community Recorder weekly newspapers, and OurTown magazine. The Enquirer is available online at the Cincinnati.com website. The paper has won two Pulitzer Prizes, in 1991 and 2018.
Daniel Straus (fighter)
Daniel Mason-Straus (born July 27, 1984), is an American former professional mixed martial artist who competed in the Featherweight division. He previously competed in Bellator MMA, where he is the former two-time Bellator Featherweight Champion. A professional competitor since 2009, Straus has also formerly competed for Shark Fights.

Shark Fights
Shark Fights was a mixed martial arts promotion based in Amarillo, Texas. It made its debut on October 24, 2008. On September 11, 2010, Shark Fights had its biggest card in Shark Fights history by having past and present UFC fighters Jorge Masvidal, Keith Jardine, Rameau Thierry Sokoudjou, Paul Daley, and Houston Alexander all on the same card. It last hosted an event on November 11, 2011.
2013–14 Maltese Third Division
The 2013–14 Maltese Third Division (also known as 2013–14 BOV 3rd Division due to sponsorship reasons) began on 12 September 2013 and ended on 27 April 2014.

The game enden with Sirens F.C. maintaining a dramatic draw in the last minute goal against Swieqi United F.C. The blues left the league with an unbeaten record in the 2013-14 Maltese Third Division that made a big honour to them, on the other hand 3 teams were promoted to the Maltese Second Division that were the 2nd place Swieqi United F.C., the 3rd place Ghaxaq F.C. and the 4th place Xghajra Tornadoes F.C.

The biggest win was for Sirens F.C. as they crashed Kalkara F.C. an unbeatable score of 11–0. The greens were humiliated by that score that they let the blues unbeaten in the league.

The most teams that had attendance in the league were Attard F.C., Xghajra Tornadoes F.C. and the champions Sirens F.C. The most attendance was taken by the blue champions as 1,406 supporters attended.

Xgħajra Tornados F.C.
Xgħajra Tornados F.C. is a football club from Xgħajra, Malta. The team was founded in 1985, and joined the Maltese Football Association in 1994

Immediately after its founding, the Tornados achieved first place and second place in the league.

The Tornados took part in the Maltese Premier League in Season 1997-1998 and Season 2000-2001. Their first outing in the Premier League was in the 1997/98 season, where they beat the Pieta Hotspurs 1–0.

For many years, the Tornados remained undefeated in matches with the Zabbar St Patricks FC. This streak ended in November 2014, when the St Patricks  defeated the Tornados 2–0. The highest score in all derby league matches marks Xgħajra T = 8 vs Zabbar.St Patricks = 1.
Adam Robinson (author)
Adam Robinson (born 1955) is an American educator, freelance author, and a US Chess Federation life master.  He is the co-founder of The Princeton Review. He currently works as a global macro advisor to the heads of some of the world's largest hedge funds through his company Robinson Global Strategies.

Robinson co-authored Cracking the SAT with John Katzman, the only test preparation book ever to become a New York Times best seller.  His other books include Cracking the LSAT,  What Smart Students Know, and The RocketReview Revolution.

Chess title
A chess title is a title regulated by a chess governing body and bestowed upon players based on their performance and rank. Such titles are usually granted for life. The international chess governing body FIDE grants several titles, the most prestigious of which is Grandmaster; many national chess federations also grant titles such as National Master. More broadly, the term "master" can refer to any highly skilled chess player.
Rafael María de Labra
Rafael María de Labra y Cadrana (7 September 1840 – 16 April 1918) was a Spanish krausist educator, activist, lawyer, lecturer, Republican politician and author. He served two times as Rector of the Institución Libre de Enseñanza. A noted abolitionist, he was a key figure in the campaign for the abolition of slavery in Puerto Rico and Cuba.

Álvaro de Figueroa, 1st Count of Romanones
Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres, 1st Count of Romanones (9 August 1863 – 11 October 1950) was a Spanish politician and businessman. He served as Prime Minister three times between 1912 and 1918, president of the Senate, president of the Congress of Deputies, Mayor of Madrid and many times as cabinet minister. He belonged to the Liberal Party. Romanones, who built an extensive political network, exerted a tight control on the political life of the province of Guadalajara during much of the Restoration period. He also was a prolific writer, authoring a number of history essays.
The Five Younger Gallants
The Five Younger Gallants (小五義) is an 1890 Chinese novel and the best known sequel to the hugely popular 1879 novel The Tale of Loyal Heroes and Righteous Gallants (republished as The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants in 1889). It is followed a year later by Sequel to the Five Younger Gallants (續小五義). Both sequels were published by Shi Duo (石鐸) who owned the Beijing publisher Wenguang lou (文光樓). The editor was a "Captivated-Wind Daoist" (風迷道人). It is unknown whether he was the same person as "Captivated Daoist" (入迷道人), an editor of the 1879 novel.

All three novels claim authorship by the famed storyteller Shi Yukun. During the last decade of the 19th century, the first sequel was reprinted 9 times, 7 in Shanghai and 1 each in Beijing and Chongqing.

Shi Yukun
Shi Yukun (fl. 19th century), courtesy name Zhenzhi, was a highly popular Qing dynasty storyteller who performed in Beijing during the first half of the 19th century. Little is known about his life, but anecdotes recorded in the 1940s claimed he worked as a Booi Aha at prince Zhaolian's mansion before he became a performer.

He is the credited author of the 1879 wuxia novel The Tale of Loyal Heroes and Righteous Gallants—better known today as The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants or The Three Heroes and Five Gallants—as well as some of its sequels. While the first novel was undoubtedly based on his oral performances, most modern scholars believe Shi died several years before 1879 and played no role in the novel's publication. Nevertheless, his name was prominently displayed on its cover, the first time a Chinese storyteller was credited as a novel's sole author.
Nakakawabe Station
Nakakawabe Station (中川辺駅, Nakakawabe-eki) is a railway station on the Takayama Main Line in the town of Kawabe, Kamo District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan, operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central).

Takayama Main Line
The Takayama Main Line (高山本線, Takayama Honsen) is a Japanese railway line between Gifu Station in Gifu and Toyama Station in Toyama, operated by Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) and West Japan Railway Company (JR West). The line directly links the Chūkyō Metropolitan Area (metropolitan Nagoya) and Hokuriku region in a shorter distance, but with a longer travel time, than by using the combination of the Tōkaidō Shinkansen and Hokuriku Main Line. Now the line primarily functions as a way to access the scenic areas of Hida (ancient Hida Province), in the rugged mountains of northern Gifu Prefecture, such as Gero onsen (hot spring), Takayama, Shirakawa-gō, and the Kiso River. The first section of the line, between Gifu and Kagamigahara, opened in 1920 (1920). The whole line was completed in 1934.
Ashutosh Sharma (chemical engineer)
Ashutosh Sharma (born 22 August 1961) is an Institute Chair Professor and C V Seshadri Chair Professor at the Department of chemical engineering of Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur. He is the founding Coordinator of DST Thematic Unit of Excellence on Soft Nanofabrication and Chairman of Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering at IIT Kanpur. He is best known for his pioneering research work in the areas of colloids, thin film, interfaces, adhesion, patterning and in the fabrication and application of self-assembled nano-structures.

IIT Kanpur
The Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur or IITK) is a public institute of technology located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. As an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), it was declared an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India under the Institutes of Technology Act. As of January 2025, at least 18 Padma Shri, 4 Padma Bhushan, 1 Padma Vibhushan, and 33 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recipients have been affiliated with IIT Kanpur as alumni or faculty members.
Grimmaische Strasse
Grimmaische Strasse is a street in Leipzig, borough Leipzig-Mitte, and connects the marketplace with Augustusplatz. It was named in 1839 after the Grimma Gate (Grimmaisches Tor), the gateway to Grimma, which was first mentioned in 1421. Before that it was called Grimmaische Gasse and was the main street of the Grimma quarter (German: Grimmaisches Viertel). Today it is a heavily frequented pedestrian zone in a prime location with department stores, shops, restaurants, hotels, a museum and the university as residents.

Markt (Leipzig)
The Markt (lit.: market) is a square of about 1 ha (2.5 acres) in Leipzig's district of Mitte (neighborhood Zentrum), Germany. It is considered the center of the city. The Old Town Hall stands on it, which demonstrates its particular historical importance. The square was named Platz des Friedens (lit.: Peace Square) from 1950 to 1954. Its paving is a listed heritage monument.
Elementar
Elementar is a German multinational manufacturer of elemental analyzers and isotope ratio mass spectrometers for the analysis of non-metallic elements like carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, hydrogen, oxygen or chlorine. The company emerged from Heraeus, a multinational German engineering company that produced analytical instrumentation. Elemental analyzers and isotope ratio mass spectrometers are used in the fields of analytical and environmental chemistry to measure the elemental and isotopic composition of diverse materials like chemicals, pharmaceuticals, fuels, food, water, plants, soil or waste.

Isotope-ratio mass spectrometry
Isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is a specialization of mass spectrometry, in which mass spectrometric methods are used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample.

This technique has two different applications in the earth and environmental sciences. The analysis of 'stable isotopes' is normally concerned with measuring isotopic variations arising from mass-dependent isotopic fractionation in natural systems. On the other hand, radiogenic isotope analysis involves measuring the abundances of decay-products of natural radioactivity, and is used in most long-lived radiometric dating methods.
2013 IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia
The 2013 IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia was the 6th IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia, an annual international ice hockey tournament held by the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It took place between 16 March and 24 March 2013 in Bangkok, Thailand. The Chinese Taipei won the tournament after defeating Hong Kong in the final and Mongolia finished in third after defeating Kuwait in the bronze medal match. The defending champions, the United Emirates were knocked out of the playoff round in the quarterfinals by Hong Kong.

United Arab Emirates men's national ice hockey team
The United Arab Emirates national ice hockey team (Arabic: منتخب الإمارات العربية المتحدة لهوكي الجليد) is the national men's ice hockey team of the United Arab Emirates. It is operated under the UAE Ice Sports Federation and a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). The UAE currently competes in Division II Group A tournament of the World Championships. As of 2025, it is currently ranked 32nd in the IIHF World Ranking and 5th in the Asian Ranking.
Ptolemy (name)
Ptolemy (Ancient Greek: Πτολεμαῖος, Ptolemaios) is a male given name, derived from Ancient Greek and meaning 'warlike'. It is formed from the Epic Greek πτόλεμος ptolemos meaning 'war'. The name was used throughout the Greek world, but was particularly popular in ancient Macedon and its nobility. The earliest recorded use of the name is in the Iliad of Homer. During the Hellenistic period, Ptolemy I Soter, a general of Alexander the Great, founded the Ptolemaic dynasty which ruled their Kingdom in Ancient Egypt. All male rulers of the dynasty bore the name 'Ptolemy', the last being Ptolemy XII Auletes, father of Cleopatra. Common variants include Ptolemaeus (Latin), Tolomeo (Italian) and Talmai (Hebrew).

Homeric Greek
Homeric Greek is the form of the Greek language that was used in the Iliad, Odyssey, and Homeric Hymns. It is a literary dialect of Ancient Greek consisting mainly of an archaic form of Ionic, with some Aeolic forms, a few from Arcadocypriot, and a written form influenced by Attic. It was later named Epic Greek because it was used as the language of epic poetry, typically in dactylic hexameter, by poets such as Hesiod and Theognis of Megara. Some compositions in Epic Greek date from as late as the 5th century [AD], and it only fell out of use by the end of classical antiquity.