hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pencil fish
Nannostomus (from the Greek nanos, meaning "small", and the Latin stomus, relating to the mouth) is a genus of fish belonging to the characin family Lebiasinidae. All of the species in this genus are known as pencil fish, a popular name that was initially only applied to two species in the 1920s, Nannostomus unifasciatus and Nannostomus eques. By the late 1950s, however, the term was applied to all members of the genus. Several species have become popular aquarium fish due to their attractive coloration, unique shape, and interesting demeanor.

Nannostomus eques
Nannostomus eques (from the Greek nanos, meaning "small", the Latin stomus, relating to the mouth, and the Latin eques, meaning "horseman"), commonly known as the diptail, brown or  hockey stick pencilfish, is a freshwater species of fish belonging to the characin family Lebiasinidae.

It was first described in 1876 by Franz Steindachner, making it one of the first members of the genus to be discovered and described.

It is fairly typical of members of this genus, being a small, elongated fish with prominent horizontal stripes.

It occurs quite widely in South America, having been recorded in Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and Guyana.

It is also common in the aquarium trade, where its habit of swimming and posturing at a 'snout-up' angle—one of two Nannostomus species to do so, the other being Nannostomus unifasciatus—makes it a popular choice.
History of mass spectrometry
The history of mass spectrometry has its roots in physical and chemical studies regarding the nature of matter. The study of gas discharges in the mid 19th century led to the discovery of anode and cathode rays, which turned out to be positive ions and electrons. Improved capabilities in the separation of these positive ions enabled the discovery of stable isotopes of the elements. The first such discovery was with the element neon, which was shown by mass spectrometry to have at least two stable isotopes: 20Ne (neon with 10 protons and 10 neutrons) and 22Ne (neon with 10 protons and 12 neutrons). Mass spectrometers were used in the Manhattan Project for the separation of isotopes of uranium necessary to create the atomic bomb.

Anode ray
An anode ray (also positive ray or canal ray) is a beam of positive ions that is created by certain types of gas-discharge tubes. They were first observed in Crookes tubes during experiments by the German scientist Eugen Goldstein, in 1886. Later work on anode rays by Wilhelm Wien and J. J. Thomson led to the development of mass spectrometry.
Jacques Reclus (anarchist)
Jacques Reclus (1894–1984) was a French journalist, teacher, translator, and anarchist. As a part of the Reclus family, he was the son of Paul Reclus and Marguerite Wapler, the grandson of Élie Reclus, and the great-nephew of Élisée Reclus - each of whom were noted French anarchists.

Reclus spent his childhood in Scotland then Belgium, becoming a journalist in Paris' anarchist community in the early 1920s. He moved to China in 1927, helping to found a university inspired by the work of Peter Kropotkin. He taught French in China until 1952. In China, he married Huang Shuyi, with whom he fathered a child. He left China after the rise of the Chinese Communist Party and the persecution of foreigners, returning to France.

Reclus' work as a Chinese-French translator helped to introduce classical Chinese literature to Francophone circles. His death in 1984 was heralded by the newspaper Libération as the "end of the Recluses", referencing the Reclus family's anarchist tradition.

Élisée Reclus
Jacques Élisée Reclus (French: [ʁəkly]; 15 March 1830 – 4 July 1905) was a French geographer, writer, and anarchist. He produced his 19-volume masterwork, La Nouvelle Géographie universelle, la terre et les hommes (Universal Geography), over a period of nearly 20 years (1875–1894). In 1892 he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Paris Geographical Society for this work, despite having been banished from France because of his political activism.
Julius Luipa
Julius Luipa (2 January 1948 – 19 June 1996) was a Zambian boxer who won two silver medals at the Commonwealth Games and represented Zambia at the 1968 and 1972 Olympic Games. One of Zambia's best amateur boxers, he was the country's Sportsman of the Year in 1970 and when he turned professional four years later, he defeated George Chisenga to become Zambian light heavyweight champion and held the title until he was dethroned by Lottie Mwale in 1977.

Lottie Mwale
Lottie Mwale (14 April 1952 – 18 October 2005) was a Zambian male Light Heavyweight-class boxer who was Commonwealth and African Boxing Union champion for a period of six years. Mwale also won the World Boxing Council (WBC) International title after defeating Ray Acquaye of Ghana in eight rounds in Lusaka in December 1990.
IAI Heron
The IAI Heron (Machatz-1) is a medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (MALE UAV) developed by the Malat (UAV) division of Israel Aerospace Industries. It is capable of Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) operations of up to 52 hours' duration at up to 10.5 km (35,000 ft). It has demonstrated 52 hours of continuous flight, but the effective operational maximal flight duration is less, according to payload and flight profile. An advanced version, the Heron TP, is also known as the IAI Eitan.

On 11 September 2005, it was announced that the Israel Defense Forces purchased US$50 million worth of Heron systems.

Medium-altitude long-endurance UAV
A medium-altitude long-endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicle flies at an altitude window of 10,000 to 30,000 feet (3,000–9,000 m) for extended durations of time, typically 24 to 48 hours. This list includes both unmanned combat aerial vehicle and unmanned reconnaissance aerial vehicle.
1991 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1991 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 64th staging of the Railway Cup, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-provincial hurling tournament. The championship began on 10 March 1991 and ended on 7 April 1991.

Connacht were the defending champions.

On 7 April 1991, Connacht won the cup following a 1-13 to 0-12 defeat of Munster in the final. This was their 8th Railway Cup title and their second in succession after winning the last cup title in 1989.

1989 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1989 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 63rd staging of the Railway Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1927. The cup began on 7 October 1989 and ended on 8 October 1989.

Leinster were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Connacht in the semi-final.

On 8 October 1989, Connacht won the cup after a 4-16 to 3-17 defeat of Munster in the final at Wexford Park. This was their 7th Railway Cup title overall and their first title since 1987.
Kako language
Kako (also Mkako or Mkaka) is a Bantu language spoken mainly in Cameroon, with some speakers in the Central African Republic and the Republic of the Congo. The main population centres of Kako speakers are Batouri and Ndélélé in the East Region of Cameroon.

Once grouped with the Gbaya dialect cluster and often still referred to as part of an undefined "Gbaya-Kaka" group, Kako is now grouped in the Bantu language family.

Gbaya languages
The Gbaya languages, also known as Gbaya–Manza–Ngbaka, are a family of perhaps a dozen languages spoken mainly in the western Central African Republic and across the border in Cameroon, with one language (Ngbaka) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and several languages with few speakers in the Republic of the Congo. Many of the languages go by the ethnic name Gbaya, though the largest, with over a million speakers, is called Ngbaka, a name shared with the Ngbaka languages of the Ubangian family.
Molonglo, Australian Capital Territory
Molonglo is a suburb currently under development in the Molonglo Valley district of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The suburb of Molonglo derives its name from an Aboriginal expression meaning "the sound of thunder".

Suburbs of Canberra
The suburbs of the Australian Capital Territory are organised into a hierarchy of districts, town centres, group centres, local suburbs and other industrial areas and villages. While these divisions have no formal role in the governance or administration of the city, they formed a basis for the planning and development of the city and are significant to the city's commercial and social activities.

For a complete list, see List of the Australian Capital Territory suburbs
Maria Domenica Mantovani
Maria Domenica Mantovani (12 November 1862 - 2 February 1934) was an Italian Roman Catholic professed religious, and the co-founder of the Little Sisters of the Holy Family; she established them alongside Giuseppe Nascimbeni. As a nun she received the religious name of Maria of the Immaculate.

She was beatified on 27 April 2003 and canonized on 15 May 2022.

Giuseppe Nascimbeni
Giuseppe Nascimbeni (22 March 1851 – 22 January 1922) was an Italian Roman Catholic priest who exercised his pastoral mission in his home of Verona and who also established the Little Sisters of the Holy Family.

Pope John Paul II beatified him in 1988 on account of his holiness and a miracle attributed to his intercession; his feast is celebrated on the date of his death or "dies natalis" (birth into Heaven).
Andreaea blyttii
Andreaea blyttii, also commonly known as Blytt's rock moss, is a moss belonging to the family Andreaeaceae,  commonly known as rock moss, granite moss, or lantern moss because of this family's unique sporangium. It is part of the genus Andreaea which is known for forming dark brownish or reddish-black carpets in high elevations. This species was first described by Wilhelm Philippe Schimper in 1855.

Andreaeaceae
Andreaeaceae is a family of mosses which includes two genera, Andreaea, containing about 100 species, and the genus Acroschisma.  The Andreaeaceae prefer rocky habitats ranging from tropical to arctic climates, on which they form tufted colonies, typically with reddish to blackish shoots. The capsules lack the peristome mechanism and dehisce longitudinally to release the spores, resulting in a paper-lantern appearance.

It was named by Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart in honour of his friend J.G.R. Andreae.
Mysuru–Varanasi Express
The Mysuru–Varanasi Superfast Express is an Superfast Express train belonging to the South Western Railway zone in India. It runs twice a week between Mysuru Junction and Varanasi Junction, using train numbers 22687/22688.

Mysore Junction railway station
Mysore Junction railway station, re-christened as Mysuru Junction railway station (station code: MYS) is a railway station on Mysore–Bangalore railway line serving the city of Mysore, Karnataka, India. Previously Mysore was connected to Bangalore by a single-line metre-gauge track.  It was later converted into non-electrified broad-gauge line.  It has now been converted to a double-line, electrified route.
Wunketru
Wunketru is an extinct genus of waterfowl from the Eocene Las Flores Formation of Chubut Province, Argentina. The genus contains a single species, Wunketru howardae, known from a partial skeleton previously classified as a species of Telmabates.

Anseriformes
Anseriformes is an order of birds   also known as waterfowl that comprises about 180 living species of birds in three families: Anhimidae (three species of screamers), Anseranatidae (the magpie goose), and Anatidae, the largest family, which includes over 170 species of waterfowl, among them the ducks, geese, and swans. Most modern species in the order are highly adapted for an aquatic existence at the water surface. With the exception of screamers, males have penises, a trait that has been lost in the Neoaves, the clade consisting of all other modern birds except the galliformes and paleognaths. Due to their aquatic nature, most species are web-footed.
Liu Yin (curler)
Liu Yin (simplified Chinese: 柳荫; traditional Chinese: 柳蔭; pinyin: Liǔ Yìn; born August 19, 1981 in Harbin, Heilongjiang; usually referred to in the media as Yin Liu) is a Chinese curler from Harbin. For many years she played third on the Chinese national team skipped by Wang Bingyu.

Wang Bingyu
Wang Bingyu (Chinese: 王冰玉; pinyin: Wáng Bīngyù; Mandarin pronunciation: [wǎŋ píŋ ŷ]; born October 7, 1984, in Harbin, Heilongjiang; usually referred to in the media as Bingyu "Betty" Wang) is a Chinese curler.  In 2009, she became the first non Northern American or European skip to win a World Championship.
Stephanie Thomas (politician)
Stephanie Thomas (born 1968 or 1969) is an American politician and former nonprofit executive who has served as the 75th secretary of the state of Connecticut since January 2023. A Democrat, she previously represented the 143rd district in the Connecticut House of Representatives from 2021 to 2023.

Thomas is the fourteenth woman and first African-American woman to serve as Secretary of the State of Connecticut.

Secretary of the State of Connecticut
The secretary of the state of Connecticut is one of the constitutional officers of the U.S. state of Connecticut. (The definite article is part of the legal job title.) It is an elected position in the state government and has a term length of four years.

The current secretary of the state is Stephanie Thomas, a Democrat who has held the office since January 2023 after defeating Republican opponent Dominic Rapini in the 2022 general election.

The Secretary of the State's Office is composed of two divisions:

The Legislation and Elections Administration Division, which administers elections and ensures compliance with state and federal election laws. This division is also responsible for maintaining governmental records, administering the Seal of Connecticut, and licensing notaries public.

The Commercial Recording Division, which charters corporations and other business entities, registers trademarks, service marks, and liens under the Uniform Commercial Code, and issues apostilles.
DO-204
DO-204 is a family of diode semiconductor packages defined by JEDEC. This family comprises lead-mounted axial devices with round leads.  Generally a diode will have a line painted near the cathode end.

Semiconductor package
A semiconductor package is a metal, plastic, glass, or ceramic casing containing one or more discrete semiconductor devices or integrated circuits. Individual components are fabricated on semiconductor wafers (commonly silicon) before being diced into die, tested, and packaged. The package provides a means for connecting it  to the external environment, such as printed circuit board, via leads such as lands, balls, or pins; and protection against threats such as mechanical impact, chemical contamination, and light exposure. Additionally, it helps dissipate heat produced by the device, with or without the aid of a heat spreader. There are thousands of package types in use. Some are defined by international, national, or industry standards, while others are particular to an individual manufacturer.
Henry Valentine Conolly
Henry Valentine Conolly (5 December 1806 – 11 September 1855) was an East India Company official in the Madras Presidency who served as a District Collector of Malabar. He took an active role in the establishment of teak plantations to meet the demands for teak in shipbuilding. He was murdered in Calicut by Malabar Muslims for the actions he sought to take against their leader Sayid Fasal Pukkoya Tangal of Mampuram Mosque.
Leaders of different regions held a meeting at the home of Palamadathil Puthupparambil Kunhali, a noble family head and philanthropist from Kuttoor, near Vengara, to discuss the protest and campaign against Conolly for his active role in the exile of Sayyid Fazal.
Mandayappuram Mammadunni Mooppan and Veeranunni Mooppan also participated in the meeting.

Fazal Pookoya Thangal
Habib Fazl Bin Alawi Mouladvīla Al Husayni Pasha alias Fazal Pookoya Thangal (Arabic: سيّدفضل بوكوي,Malayalam:സയ്യിദ് ഫസൽ പൂക്കോയ തങ്ങള്) (c. 1820 – 1901), also known as Sayyid Fadl and Fadl Pasha, was a Yemeni Islamic missionary and political activist who played a prominent role in the Mappila community of Kerala, India. He was the spiritual leader of Kerala Muslims as well as one of the pioneers of the Indian freedom movement.
He belonged to a family of Sayyids who traced their lineage to Ali ibn Abi Talib through Mamburam Sayyid Alavi Mouladhavila. His father was Mamburam Sayyid Alavi Thangal, a Muslim mystic and political leader who had migrated from Hadramaut in Yemen to Malabar in 1798 CE (1183 AH) to spread Islam. After his father's death in 1845 CE (1261 AH), he succeeded him as the spiritual leader of Kerala Muslims.
Hanwell Town F.C.
Hanwell Town Football Club are a semi-professional football club representing Hanwell, playing at Perivale in the London Borough of Ealing, England. They were the London Spartan League Senior Division champions in 1983 and the Spartan South Midlands League Premier Division champions in 2014. The club is affiliated to the Middlesex County Football Association.

Spartan League
The Spartan League was a football league in England covering London and adjacent counties. Established in 1907, it merged with the South Midlands League in 1997 to form the Spartan South Midlands League.
Dwyka River
The Dwyka River is located in the Karoo region, in South Africa. It flows from the North-west, joining the Gamka River as a tributary at the Gamka Dam.

In the 1870s, the Cape Colony government expanded its railway network inland, towards the diamond fields of Kimberley. A station, also named Dwyka, was built where the line crossed the Dwyka river.

The river's name was subsequently also adopted by geologists to define the Karoo Ice Age some 300 million years ago. Key sites in South Africa show evidence of glaciation, including Nooitgedacht near Kimberley. In South Africa, near the South Pole at that time as a result of plate tectonics, large ice sheets or glaciers covered high-lying areas. Geologists term this upland the Cargonian Highlands, stretching from what is now the Northern Cape through Gauteng to Mpumalanga.

Nooitgedacht Glacial Pavements
The Nooitgedacht Glacial Pavements comprise a geological feature between Kimberley and Barkly West, South Africa, pertaining to the Palaeozoic-age Dwyka Ice Age, or Karoo Ice Age, (some 300 million years ago) where the glacially scoured (smoothed and striated) ancient bedrock (re-exposed by erosion) was used, substantially more recently, during the Later Stone Age period in the late Holocene as panels for rock engravings.
Eivind Nævdal-Bolstad
Eivind Nævdal-Bolstad (born 23 April 1987 in Odda) is a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. He has served as the Commissioner for Urban Development in Bergen in Christine B. Meyer's City Government since April 2025. He previously served as the Commissioner for Finance from October 2023 to May 2024.

Christine B. Meyer
Christine Benedichte Meyer  (born 22 January 1964) is a Norwegian business administration academic, politician for the Conservative Party and civil servant. She currently serves as the Chief Commissioner of Bergen since 2023.

She has served as State Secretary in the Ministry of Labour, and been City Commissioner for Finance and City Commissioner for Health in Bergen. She was Director General of the Norwegian Competition Authority from 2011 to 2015, and Director General of Statistics Norway from 2015 to 2017.
Gil Gatch
Gil Gatch (born June 18, 1981) is an American attorney, politician, and former pastor serving as a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from the 94th district. Gatch assumed office on November 9, 2020, succeeding Con Chellis.

Con Chellis
Con Chellis (born Converse A. Chellis IV; November 16, 1978) is an American insurance agent and politician. In 2018, he was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives, where he served one term.
Patras Lighthouse
Patras Lighthouse (Greek: Φάρος της Πάτρας) is a lighthouse and landmark of the Greek city of Patras. It is situated on the seafront (at the beginning of Trion Navarchon street), opposite the temple of Saint Andrew.

Cathedral of Saint Andrew, Patras
The Cathedral of Saint Andrew also called Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew (Greek: Ιερός Ναός Αγίου Ανδρέου) or simply Hagios Andreas is a Greek Orthodox basilica in the west side of the city center of Patras in Greece. Along with the nearby old church of St. Andrew (Greek: Παλαιός Ιερός Ναός Αγίου Ανδρέου), it constitutes a place of pilgrimage for Christians from all over the world. It is dedicated to the First-called Apostle of Christ, Saint Andrew.
2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 7
UEFA Group 7 of the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification competition consisted of five teams: Spain, Austria, Finland, Serbia, and Israel (which advanced from the preliminary round). The composition of the seven groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 25 April 2017, with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.

The group was played in home-and-away round-robin format between 19 September 2017 and 4 September 2018. The group winners qualified for the final tournament, while the runners-up advanced to the play-offs if they were one of the four best runners-up among all seven groups (not counting results against the fifth-placed team).

2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification (UEFA)
The European qualifying competition for the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup was a women's football competition that determined the eight UEFA teams joining the automatically qualified hosts France in the final tournament.

Apart from France, 46 of the remaining 54 UEFA member national teams entered the qualifying competition, with Andorra making their World Cup qualification debut and Kosovo making their competitive debut.
Ghantasala, Krishna district
Ghantasala is a village in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is 21 km west of Machilipatnam and 11 km east of Krishna River. The largest city of this district, Vijayawada, is around 60 km away. It is a rare and reputed center for Buddhist sculptures. Kaṇṭakasola was the ancient name of Ghantasala. It was also mentioned by Ptolemy (2nd century CE) as Kantakossyla.

Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam (Telugu: [mɐt͡ʃiliːpɐʈnɐm] ⓘ), also known as Masulipatnam and Bandar (Telugu: [bɐn̪d̪ɐɾ]), is a city in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipal corporation and the administrative headquarters of Krishna district. It is also the mandal headquarters of Machilipatnam mandal in Machilipatnam revenue division of the district. The ancient port town served as the settlement of European traders from the 16th century, and it was a major trading port for the Portuguese, British, Dutch and French in the 17th century.
Chai Rong
Chai Rong (Chinese: 柴榮) (27 October 921 – 27 July 959), later known as Guo Rong (郭榮), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizong of Later Zhou, was the second emperor of the Later Zhou dynasty of China, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He reigned from 954 until his death in 959. He succeeded his uncle-in-law Guo Wei (Emperor Taizu), whose surname he had adopted.

Emperor Shizong is considered a highly successful emperor of the Five Dynasties period. He centralized military power by his reforms, and proved his military prowess by a series of victories against Northern Han, Later Shu, Southern Tang, and the Liao dynasty. Although his accomplishments were limited due to his premature death, they paved the way for the eventual unification of large parts of China proper by the Northern Song, founded by his trusted generals Zhao Kuangyin and Zhao Guangyi.

Guo Wei
Guo Wei (Chinese: 郭威) (10 September 904 – 22 February 954), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Later Zhou (後周太祖), was the founding emperor of the Chinese Later Zhou dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning from 951 until his death in 954.

Nicknamed "Sparrow Guo" (郭雀兒) after a sparrow-shaped tattoo on his neck, he rose to a high position in the Later Han as an assistant military commissioner. He founded the Later Zhou in 951.