hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philip Covarrubias
Philip Covarrubias is a Colorado politician and a former member of the Colorado House of Representatives from the 56th District, which encompasses portions of Arapahoe and Adams counties, including the communities of Aurora, Bennett, Brick Center, Brighton, Byers, Comanche Creek, Commerce City, Deer Trail, Lochbuie, Peoria, Strasburg, Thornton, Todd Creek, and Watkins. He served on the Finance and Health, Insurance, & Environment committees.

Covarrubias, a Republican, formerly lived in Brighton. He currently lives in Seabrook, Texas. He co-founded an excavation and construction company that worked on the FasTracks project connecting downtown Denver to Denver International Airport, and currently works as a foreman for Xcel Energy. He is Mexican-American and a co-founder of Hispanic Contractors of Colorado; having experienced racial discrimination while growing up, he is part of the Sociedad Protección Mutua De Trabajadores Unidos.

Adams County, Colorado
Adams County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 519,572. The county seat is Brighton, and the largest city is Thornton. The county is named for Alva Adams, an early Governor of the State of Colorado in 1887–1889. Adams County is part of the Denver metropolitan area.
Tang Guan Seng
Tang Guan Seng (Chinese: 陈原生) is a Singaporean politician. A member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), he was a Member of the Parliament representing Khe Bong Constituency from 1984 to 1988, Hougang Single Member Constituency from 1988 to 1991 and Ang Mo Kio Group Representation Constituency representing Ang Mo Kio division from 1997 to 2001.

Khe Bong Constituency
Khe Bong Constituency was a constituency in Singapore. It existed from 1976 to 1988 and was absorbed into Toa Payoh Group Representation Constituency. It absorbed part of Kuo Chuan & Toa Payoh constituencies.
Marich Confectionery
Marich Confectionery (pronounced "Mahr-ich") is a U.S.-based confectioner that was established in 1983 by Marinus van Dam, creator of the Jelly Belly brand of jelly beans. The company's operations are located in Hollister, California.

Jelly Belly
Jelly Belly Candy Company, formerly known as Herman Goelitz Candy Co. and Goelitz Confectionery Co., is an American company that manufactures Jelly Belly jelly beans and other candy.

The company is based in Fairfield, California, with a second manufacturing facility in North Chicago, Illinois.  A distribution and visitor center in Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin closed in 2020. In October 2008, the company opened a 50,000 sq ft (4,645 m2) manufacturing plant in Rayong, Thailand, where it produces confections for the international market.

In October 2023, the Ferrara Candy Company announced an agreement to acquire Jelly Belly Candy Co. The transaction was completed a month later.
Continuous module
In mathematics, a continuous module is a module M such that every submodule of M is essential in a direct summand and every submodule of M isomorphic to a direct summand is itself a direct summand. The endomorphism ring of a continuous module is a clean ring.

Module (mathematics)
In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a (not necessarily commutative) ring. The concept of a module also generalizes the notion of an abelian group, since the abelian groups are exactly the modules over the ring of integers.

Like a vector space, a module is an additive abelian group, and scalar multiplication is distributive over the operations of addition between elements of the ring or module and is compatible with the ring multiplication.

Modules are very closely related to the representation theory of groups. They are also one of the central notions of commutative algebra and homological algebra, and are used widely in algebraic geometry and algebraic topology.
Estrella Alabastro
Estrella Fagela Alabastro (born February 19, 1941) is a Filipino chemical engineer and food scientist who served as the sixth secretary of science and technology from 2001 to 2010 and chaired the ASEAN Committee on Science and Technology in the 1990s. She also served as dean of the College of Home Economics at the University of the Philippines Diliman from 1984 to 1990.

Alabastro is the mother of Representative Stella Quimbo of Marikina's second district.

Secretary of Science and Technology (Philippines)
The secretary of science and technology (Filipino: kalihim ng agham at teknolohiya) is the head of the Department of Science and Technology and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

The Department of Science and Technology was originally established as the National Science and Development Board on June 13, 1958 and was elevated to cabinet level in 1987.

The position was created in 1987 by then president Corazon Aquino, and was first assumed by Antonio Arizabal.

The position is currently held by Renato Solidum Jr. since 2022.
Okhotsk plate
The Okhotsk plate is a minor tectonic plate covering the Kamchatka Peninsula, Magadan Oblast, and Sakhalin Island of Russia; Hokkaido, Kantō and Tōhoku regions of Japan; the Sea of Okhotsk, as well as the disputed Kuril Islands.

Japan's principal fault system is the zone where the Amur plate, the Eastern edge of the Eurasian plate, meets the Okhotsk plate, sometimes considered the Western edge of the North American plate.

It is controversial whether the northern Honshu, Okhotsk and North American plate constitute separate blocks or plates. "A slightly better fit to data is obtained" when the proposed blocks, Honshu and Okhotsk, are independent of North America, so some studies make this an assumption of their analysis.

The boundary is a left-lateral moving transform fault, the Ulakhan Fault originating from a triple junction in the Chersky Range.

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region (東北地方, Tōhoku-chihō; IPA: [toːhokɯ̥ tɕiꜜhoː]), Northeast region, Ōu region (奥羽地方, Ōu-chihō), or Northeast Japan (東北日本, Tōhoku Nihon) consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (ken): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata.

Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region.
Vrlika
Vrlika is a small town in inland Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia. The closest large towns are Sinj, Knin, and Drniš. Vrlika was given the status of town in 1997. Vrlika is an underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.

Knin
Knin (pronounced [knîːn]) is a city in the Šibenik-Knin County of Croatia, located in the Dalmatian hinterland near the source of the river Krka, an important traffic junction on the rail and road routes between Zagreb and Split. Knin rose to prominence twice in history, as the capital of both the medieval Kingdom of Croatia and briefly of the self-proclaimed Republic of Serbian Krajina within the newly independent Republic of Croatia for the duration of the Croatian War of Independence from 1991 to 1995.
Solenoid (mathematics)
This page discusses a class of topological groups. For the wrapped loop of wire, see Solenoid.

In mathematics, a solenoid is a compact connected topological space (i.e. a continuum) that may be obtained as the inverse limit of an inverse system of topological groups and continuous homomorphisms

where each  is a circle and fi is the map that uniformly wraps the circle  for  times () around the circle .: Ch. 2 Def. (10.12) 
This construction can be carried out geometrically in the three-dimensional Euclidean space R3. A solenoid is a one-dimensional homogeneous indecomposable continuum that has the structure of an abelian compact topological group.

Solenoids were first introduced by Vietoris for the  case, and by van Dantzig the  case, where  is fixed. Such a solenoid arises as a one-dimensional expanding attractor, or Smale–Williams attractor, and forms an important example in the theory of hyperbolic dynamical systems.

Hyperbolic set
In dynamical systems theory, a subset Λ of a smooth manifold M is said to have a hyperbolic structure with respect to a smooth map f if its tangent bundle may be split into two invariant subbundles, one of which is contracting and the other is expanding under f, with respect to some Riemannian metric on M. An analogous definition applies to the case of flows.

In the special case when the entire manifold M is hyperbolic, the map f is called an Anosov diffeomorphism. The dynamics of f on a hyperbolic set, or hyperbolic dynamics, exhibits features of local structural stability and has been much studied, cf. Axiom A.
Quique de Lucas
Enrique "Quique" de Lucas Martínez (born 17 August 1978) is a Spanish retired footballer who played mainly as an attacking midfielder.

He started his professional career with Espanyol, going on to amass La Liga totals of 168 games and 25 goals over eight seasons, also representing in the competition Alavés, Murcia and Celta. He added 268 matches and 53 goals in Segunda División, where he played for all the clubs except his first.

De Lucas had two spells abroad, including the 2002–03 campaign with Chelsea.

Deportivo Alavés
Deportivo Alavés, S.A.D. (Spanish pronunciation: [depoɾˈtiβo alaˈβes]; Sporting Alavés), usually known as Alavés, is a Spanish football club based in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, in the autonomous community of the Basque Country. Founded on 23 January 1921 as Sport Friends Club, the club competes in La Liga, the top tier of Spanish football.

It is recognized as the third-most successful team in the Basque Country following Athletic Club of Bilbao and Real Sociedad of San Sebastián. Its biggest success was in 2001 when, in the year of its debut in European competition, it reached the 2001 UEFA Cup Final, where it played against Liverpool. It was defeated 5–4 on a golden goal. In 2017, the club reached the final of the Copa del Rey, losing 3–1 to Barcelona.

The team's home kit is blue and white-striped shirt, blue shorts and white socks. It holds home matches at the 19,840-seater Mendizorrotza Stadium and uses other facilities located in Ibaia dedicated to training.
Sheldon Napastuk
Sheldon Napastuk (born August 15, 1974) is a Canadian former professional football defensive lineman who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Saskatchewan Roughriders and Calgary Stampeders. He played college football at Iowa State.

Iowa State Cyclones football
The Iowa State Cyclones football program is the intercollegiate football team at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. The team is coached by Jimmy Rogers. The Cyclones compete in the Big 12 Conference, and are a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) member of the NCAA. The Cyclones play their home games at Jack Trice Stadium, with a capacity of 61,500. The Iowa State Cyclones football team drew an average home attendance of 60,384 in 2023, the 28th highest in college football.
Arthur Cassini
Artur Pavlovich Cassini, Marquess of Capizucchi di Bologna and Count Cassini (Russian: Артур Павлович Кассини; 27 November 1835 – 19 October 1919), known as Arthur Cassini, was a Russian aristocrat and lifelong diplomat who served in the Diplomatic Service of the Imperial Russian Government for 55 years during the 19th and early 20th centuries. During his tenure, he served most prominently as Ambassador to China during the Triple Intervention and negotiation for the lease of Port Arthur; as Ambassador to the United States for seven tumultuous years which saw the Spanish–American and Russo-Japanese wars; and as Ambassador to Spain during the Algeciras Conference.

Triple Intervention
The Triple Intervention or Tripartite Intervention (三国干渉, Sangoku Kanshō) was a diplomatic intervention by Russia, Germany, and France on 23 April 1895 over the terms of the Treaty of Shimonoseki, imposed by Japan on Qing China at the end of the First Sino-Japanese War. The treaty, signed on 17 April, had ceded the island of Taiwan and the Liaodong Peninsula to Japan. In response, the three Western powers advised Japan to renounce the Liaodong Peninsula on the grounds that it would cause instability; Japan, anxious to keep their goodwill, did so by treaty on 8 November. The Japanese public was outraged, especially after Russia obtained a 25-year lease on the peninsula in 1898. The reaction against the Triple Intervention was one of the causes of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, in which Japan won the Russian lease on the peninsula.
Tunisia at the FIFA Confederations Cup
Tunisia has participated one times in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 2005, as a representative from Africa after winning the 2004 African Cup of Nations. From its only participation, the team was content with the group stage. The team played in Group A against Argentina, Germany and Australia. The team lost to Argentina 1–2 and Germany 0–3, while it defeated Australia 2–0.

2005 FIFA Confederations Cup
The 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup football tournament was the seventh FIFA Confederations Cup. It was held in Germany between 15 June and 29 June 2005, as a prelude to the 2006 FIFA World Cup. The tournament was won by 2002 FIFA World Cup and 2004 Copa América winners Brazil, who defeated Argentina 4–1 in the final at the Waldstadion in Frankfurt. The final was a rematch of the 2004 Copa América final, which was also won by Brazil. It was Brazil's second win at the Confederations Cup. After winning the 2005 tournament, the 2002 FIFA World Cup and 2004 Copa América, Brazil became the first country to be the reigning World Cup champions, Confederations Cup champions, and continental champions twice, having previously achieved this feat in 1997 when they won the 1994 FIFA World Cup, the 1997 Copa América, and 1997 FIFA Confederations Cup.
Dali City
Dali City (Chinese: 大理市, Bai: Dallit sil or Guiphet) is the county-level seat of the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in northwestern Yunnan, China. Dali City is administered through 12 township-level districts, two of which are also commonly referred to as Dali.

Xiaguan (下关) is the modern city centre and usually conflated with Dali City by virtue of being its seat. This town is the destination of most long-distance transportation heading to Dali and is sometimes referred to as Dali New Town (大理新镇) to avoid confusion.

Dali Town (大理镇), formerly known as Tali, is another division of Dali City, located 10 km (6.2 mi) north of Xiaguan. This town, commonly referred to as Dali Old Town (大理古城) to distinguish it from the city seat in Xiaguan, is usually the Dali referred to in tourist publications. The old town is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Yunnan, known for its natural scenery, historical and cultural heritage, and vibrant nightlife.

Shangri-La, Yunnan
Shangri-La (Chinese: 香格里拉; pinyin: Xiānggélǐlā; Tibetan: སེམས་ཀྱི་ཉི་ཟླ།) is a county-level city in northwestern Yunnan province, China, named after Shangri-La, the mythical land depicted in the 1933 novel Lost Horizon. It is the capital and largest city of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. It is bordered by the city of Lijiang to the south and Sichuan province to the northwest, north, and east.
2002 WGC-American Express Championship
The 2002 WGC-American Express Championship was a golf tournament that was contested from 19 to 22 September at Mount Juliet Golf Course in Thomastown, County Kilkenny, Ireland. It was the third WGC-American Express Championship tournament, following the cancellation of the 2001 edition in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, and the third of four World Golf Championships events in 2002.

World number 1 Tiger Woods won the tournament, to capture his second WGC-American Express Championship and his fifth World Golf Championship. He set the tournament record for score to-par at 25 under. Woods also went the first 71 holes of the tournament without making a bogey, only bogeying the 18th hole in the final round.

Official World Golf Ranking
The Official World Golf Ranking is a system for rating the performance level of professional golfers. It was started in 1986. The rankings are based on a player's position in individual tournaments (i.e. not pairs or team events) over a "rolling" two-year period. New rankings are calculated each week. During 2018, nearly 400 tournaments on 20 tours were covered by the ranking system. All players competing in these tournaments are included in the rankings. In 2026, 25 tours factored into the world rankings. As well as being of general interest, the rankings have an additional importance, in that they are used as one of the qualifying criteria for entry into a number of leading tournaments.

The chair of the OWGR is former world number twelve and 2008 Masters Tournament champion Trevor Immelman.
Saline Creek (Mississippi River tributary)
Saline Creek is a creek that rises in western Ste. Genevieve County and flows east briefly passing through a portion of northern Perry County before emptying into an offshoot of the Mississippi River north of St. Mary across from Kaskaskia Island.

Kaskaskia, Illinois
Kaskaskia is a village in Randolph County, Illinois, on the west side of the Mississippi River. The population of Kaskaskia was 21 in the 2020 United States census, making it the third-least populous incorporated community in Illinois behind Valley City (pop. 14) and Florence (pop. 17). Kaskaskia has an Illinois telephone area code (618) and a Missouri ZIP Code (63673). Its roads are maintained by Illinois Department of Transportation, and its few residents vote in Illinois elections. The town was evacuated in the Great Flood of 1993, which covered it with water more than 9 ft (3 m) deep.
Ca de Bestiar
The Ca de Bestiar, also known as the Majorca Shepherd Dog or Spanish: Perro de Pastor Mallorquín, is a Spanish breed of shepherd dog indigenous to the island of Mallorca, in the Balearic Islands of Spain. It is used as a shepherd dog, or as a watchdog or guard dog for rural property. It is one of four recognised dog breeds of the island, the others being the Ca de Bou, the Ca Mè Mallorquí and the Ca Rater Mallorquí.

It is of medium size. The coat is usually short, but may also be long; it is entirely black, either with or without a white patch on the chest.

Sheep dog
A sheep dog, sheepdog, shepherd dog or simply shepherd is generally a dog or breed of dogs historically used in connection with the raising of sheep. These  include livestock guardian dogs used to guard sheep and other livestock and herding dogs used to move, manage and control sheep and other livestock.

The Fédération Cynologique Internationale has grouped Sheepdogs and Cattledogs (except Swiss Cattledogs) in Group 1.
The Rocks (Jefferson County, West Virginia)
The Rocks, also known as Raven's Rock and Raven Rocks, is a late-18th-century stone residence and 79-acre (32 ha) farm complex near Charles Town, Jefferson County, in the U.S. state of West Virginia. The Rocks is a historic district consisting of four contributing structures. The primary structure is a 2-and-a-half-story stone residence known as The Rocks, which was built around 1790, in the Georgian architectural style.

Jefferson County, West Virginia
Jefferson County is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is located in the Shenandoah Valley in the eastern panhandle of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 57,701. Its county seat is Charles Town. The county was founded in 1801, and today is part of the Washington metropolitan area.
Ben Starosta
Ben Mark Starosta (born 7 January 1987) is a footballer who plays for Glapwell FC. Born in Sheffield, England, he started his career at his hometown club Sheffield United, although he never broke through into the first team. He was loaned to a number of clubs, both in England and Poland, while at United before eventually being released in 2009. After an aborted spell at Darlington he spent a period at Dandenong Thunder in Australia on non-contract terms before signing for Miedź Legnica in 2011. Starosta then spent a year at United Football League side Global in the Philippines. He has also played for the Poland national U-20 team, qualifying as he holds a Polish passport through his family.

Poland national under-20 football team
The Poland national under-20 football team represents Poland in association football at an under-20 age level and is controlled by Polish Football Association, the governing body for football in Poland.
Kakraban–Salgarh Assembly constituency
Kakraban-Salgarh is one of the 60 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Tripura state in India.

It comprises all of Kakraban tehsil and Mirja tehsils as well as parts of Garji tehsil, Jamjuri tehsil and Salgarah tehsil, all in Gomati district. It is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes. As of 2023, it is represented by Jitendra Majumder of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Gomati district
Gomati district is a district of Tripura, India. This district was created in January 2012 when four new districts were created in Tripura, taking the number of districts in the state from four to eight. Udaipur is its headquarters.

The district is famous for its Mata Tripura Sundari Temple which is situated about 3 km away from Udaipur at Matabari. The temple is one of the 51 Mahapithasthans of India. The Gomati figures prominently in Tripura's native folklore, culture, religious rites and ritual so much so that Tripuri people perform posthumous rites.
Hemidesmosome
Hemidesmosomes are very small stud-like structures found in keratinocytes of the epidermis of skin that attach to the extracellular matrix. They are similar in form to desmosomes when visualized by electron microscopy; however, desmosomes attach to adjacent cells. Hemidesmosomes are also comparable to focal adhesions, as they both attach cells to the extracellular matrix. Instead of desmogleins and desmocollins in the extracellular space, hemidesmosomes utilize integrins. Hemidesmosomes are found in epithelial cells connecting the basal epithelial cells to the basement membrane. Hemidesmosomes are also involved in signaling pathways, such as keratinocyte migration or carcinoma cell intrusion.

Integrin
Integrins are transmembrane receptors that help cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. Upon ligand binding, integrins activate signal transduction pathways that mediate cellular signals such as regulation of the cell cycle, organization of the intracellular cytoskeleton, and movement of new receptors to the cell membrane. The presence of integrins allows rapid and flexible responses to events at the cell surface (e.g. signal platelets to initiate an interaction with coagulation factors).

Several types of integrins exist, and one cell generally has multiple different types on its surface. Integrins are found in all animal cells while integrin-like receptors are found in plant cells.

Integrins work alongside other proteins such as cadherins, the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecules, selectins and syndecans, to mediate cell–cell and cell–matrix interaction. Ligands for integrins include fibronectin, vitronectin, collagen and laminin.