hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Boswell (physician)
John Boswell PRCPE (1710–1780) was a Scottish physician who was Treasurer and President of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.  He lived at Boswell's Court in Edinburgh, which is named after him.

He was the son of James Boswell, the seventh laird of Auchinleck.  He studied medicine at Leiden University, graduating in 1736 with a thesis about amber.  He was Treasurer of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh from 1748 to 1763 with a break of two years at the end of 1756.  He was elected President of the college in 1770.

He died in 1780 and his nephew, the ninth laird and famous biographer James Boswell wrote, "He was a very good scholar, knew a great many things, had an elegant taste, and was very affectionate. But he had no conduct. His money was all gone; and do you know, he was not confined to one woman? He had a strange kind of religion. But, I flatter myself, he will be e'er long, if he is not already, in Heaven."

Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (RCPE) is a medical royal college in Scotland. It is one of three organisations that set the specialty training standards for physicians in the United Kingdom. It was established by royal charter in 1681. The college has more than 14,000 fellows and members worldwide, who are entitled to use the post-nominal MRCP (Edin) or FRCP (Edin).
Pawan Sehrawat
Pawan Sehrawat is an Indian kabaddi player. He plays for Telugu Titans in the Pro Kabaddi League.  He was the most expensive player in the history of the league when Tamil Thalaivas picked him for ₹ 2.26 crores for the ninth season. He was bought by the Telugu Titans for Rs 2.60 crore for the tenth season, again becoming the most expensive player of the league.

2022 Pro Kabaddi League
The 2022 Vivo Pro Kabaddi League was the ninth season of Pro Kabaddi League. The season began on 7 October 2022 and ended on 17 December 2022. Jaipur Pink Panthers defeated Puneri Paltan in the final match to win their second title.

The player auction for season 9 was conducted on 5 August 2022 in Mumbai. The fixtures of the tournament were announced on 21 September 2022 and 11 October 2022 for the remaining tournament. Each team played against all the other teams twice, and the top 6 teams proceeded to the playoffs. The tournament was played across Bengaluru, Pune and Hyderabad, while the playoffs were played in Mumbai.
Reactions to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
On 24 February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War which began in 2014. The invasion caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II, with more than 8.2 million Ukrainians fleeing the country and a third of the population displaced. The invasion also caused global food shortages. Reactions to the invasion have varied considerably across a broad spectrum of concerns including public reaction, media responses, and peace efforts.

Boycott of Russia and Belarus
Since early 2022, Russia and Belarus have been boycotted by many companies and organizations in Europe, North America, Australasia, and elsewhere, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which is supported by Belarus. As of 2 July 2022, the Yale School of Management recorded more than 1,000 companies withdrawing or divesting themselves from Russia, either as a result of sanctions or in protest of Russian actions. Ukrainian National Agency on Corruption Prevention maintains a list called International Sponsors of War that includes companies and individuals still doing business with Russia.
Catalina Bustamante
Catalina Bustamante (born in Llerena between 1480 and 1490 CE –1536 CE) was considered to be the "first teacher in America" ("primera educadora de América"). In 1514 She traveled to the Americas with her husband and children, where she was eventually widowed. Bishops Juan Zumarraga and Toribio Benavente de Motolinía played significant roles in vouching for her capabilities, and one of them appointed her to a position teaching indigenous girls at a school in Texcoco. Records disagree on which bishop it was that extended the official invitation to Bustamante to begin teaching. She taught the Spanish way of life to these girls and fought for their rights, most notably in the case regarding Juan Peláez. Through direct correspondence to Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Empress Isabel of Portugal, Bustamante was able to educate and protect the indigenous girls in her care.

Isabella of Portugal
Isabella of Portugal (Portuguese and Spanish: Isabel de Portugal; 24 October 1503 – 1 May 1539) was the empress consort of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Spain, Archduke of Austria, and Duke of Burgundy. She was Queen of Spain and Germany, and Lady of the Netherlands from 10 March 1526 until her death in 1539, and became Holy Roman Empress and Queen of Italy in February 1530. She acted as regent of Spain during her husband's long absences.
Ramona Roth
Ramona Roth (born 7 March 1977) is a German cross-country skier who competed from 1995 to 2002. She has won a bronze medal in the 4 × 5 km relay at the 1999 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Ramsau, and had her best finish of 18th in the 5 km event at the 1997 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships.

Roth has five individual career victories up to 10 km from 1996 to 2001.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1999
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1999 took place February 19–28, 1999 in Ramsau am Dachstein, Austria. The large hill ski jumping events took place at the Paul-Ausserleitner-Schanze in Bischofshofen. The 7.5 km Nordic combined sprint event debuted at these championships.
Janis Paterson
Janis Eileen Paterson (née McLachlan; 4 October 1945 – 10 May 2024) was a New Zealand psychologist and academic who was a professor at the Auckland University of Technology.

After a 1993 PhD titled Adolescent perceptions of attachment: parents, friends, and impact on self esteem at the University of Auckland, Paterson moved to Auckland University of Technology, where she worked for more than 20 years.

Paterson was a founder of the Pacific Islands Families study, a longitudinal study following 1000 children born in South Auckland in 2000 to families of Pacific Island descent. The study aims to collect data on the health and socio-economic well-being of the children and their families as they grow through the key developmental stages. Paterson and Collin Tukuitonga were the study's founding directors.

Paterson died on 10 May 2024, at the age of 78.

Collin Tukuitonga
Sir Collin Fonotau Tukuitonga KNZM (born 1957 or 1958) is a Niuean-born New Zealand doctor, public health academic, public policy expert and advocate for reducing health inequalities of Māori and Pasifika people. He has held several positions in public health and government in New Zealand and internationally.
Hidromek
Hidromek is a Turkish heavy equipment manufacturer of backhoe loaders, hydraulic excavators, wheel loaders, and motor graders. Founded in Ankara in 1978 by Hasan Basri Bozkurt, as of 2024, Hidromek has around 2400 employees across six production facilities - four in Ankara, one in Izmir and one in Thailand.

Excavator
Excavators are heavy construction equipment primarily consisting of a boom, dipper (or stick), bucket, and cab on a rotating platform known as the "house".

The modern excavator's house sits atop an undercarriage with tracks or wheels, being an evolution of the steam shovel (which itself evolved into the power shovel when steam was replaced by diesel and electric power). All excavation-related movement and functions of a hydraulic excavator are accomplished through the use of hydraulic fluid, with hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors, which replaced winches, chains, and steel ropes (utilized by dragline excavators).  Another principle change was the direction of the digging action, with modern excavators pulling their buckets toward them like a dragline rather than pushing them away to fill them the way the first powered shovels did.
Tropical Storm Bebinca (2013)
Tropical Storm Bebinca, known in the Philippines as Tropical Depression Fabian, was a weak tropical cyclone that brought minor damage in China and Vietnam, causing a death and an economic loss of about US$13 million. The sixth depression and fifth named storm of the season. Bebinca originated as a low-pressure area south of Hong Kong. As the disturbance is moving westward, favorable conditions allow the system to organize into a tropical depression. On June 21, the depression was upgraded into a tropical storm despite the wind shear, which generated by a subtropical ridge.

Bebinca slightly weakened back into a depression and made landfall over Hainan. It remained as a depression as it enters Gulf of Tonkin. Bebinca made its final landfall over Hanoi before finally dissipated on June 24.

Gulf of Tonkin
The Gulf of Tonkin is a gulf at the northwestern portion of the South China Sea, located off the coasts of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and South China. It has a total surface area of 126,250 km2 (48,750 sq mi).  It is defined in the west and northwest by the northern coastline of Vietnam down to the Cồn Cỏ island, in the north by China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and to the east by the Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island.

English sources from the People's Republic of China refer to the Gulf of Tonkin as Beibu Wan.
Lambeth Hospital
Lambeth Hospital is a mental health facility in Landor Road, South London. It was previously known as the "Landor Road hospital" and is now operated by the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and is affiliated with King's College London's Institute of Psychiatry. It is also part of the King's Health Partners academic health science centre and the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health.

King's Health Partners
King's Health Partners  is an academic health science centre located in London, United Kingdom. It comprises King's College London, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust.

King's Health Partners' member organisations have a combined annual turnover of around £3.7 billion, treat over 4.8 million patients each year, employ approximately 40,000 staff and teach nearly 30,000 students. It forms one of the largest centres for healthcare education in Europe.
Edevaldo
Edevaldo de Freitas (born 28 January 1958), known as Edevaldo, is a former Brazilian footballer who played as a right-back.

During his career (1979–1998), he played for several clubs, including Fluminense, Internacional, Vasco da Gama, Botafogo and in Portugal with FC Porto.

He won one Rio de Janeiro State League in 1980 and one João Gamper Trophy in Spain, 1982.  For the Brazil national football team he got 18 international caps, from October 1980 to July 1982, scored one goal against Argentina in the 1980 Mundialito. He also played for Brazil at the 1982 FIFA World Cup finals. With the FC Porto, he won the 1985–86 Portuguese championship.

Campeonato Carioca
The Campeonato Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (English: Rio de Janeiro State Championship), most known as Campeonato Carioca and commonly as the Cariocão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is run by the Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation (FERJ).

The first season of the Campeonato Carioca was played in 1906. Rivalries amongst four of the most prestigious Brazilian teams (Botafogo, Flamengo, Fluminense and Vasco da Gama) have marked the history of the competition. Flamengo leads the title count with 39, followed by Fluminense (33), Vasco da Gama (24), Botafogo (21), America (7), Bangu (2), São Cristóvão and Paissandu (1 each).
Vestre Moland
Vestre Moland is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Møglestu where the Vestre Moland Church is located.  The 103-square-kilometre (40 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until 1962 when it was merged into the municipality of Lillesand. Today, the area of Vestre Moland covers the northern part of the present-day municipality of Lillesand in Agder county.

Vestre Moland included the island of Justøy and the area surrounding the ladested of Lillesand.  It features the lake Østre Grimevann found in the northern part of Vestre Moland and the Blindleia inland waterway which is located along the coast of Vestre Moland.

Vestre Moland Church
Vestre Moland Church (Norwegian: Vestre Moland kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Lillesand Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the village of Møglestu, just outside the town of Lillesand. It is one of the churches for the Lillesand parish which is part of the Vest-Nedenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, stone church was built in a long church design around the year 1150 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect, but has since been converted into a cruciform design. The church seats about 350 people.
Donovan Smith (quarterback)
Donovan Lamont Smith (born October 27, 2001) is an American football quarterback for the Houston Gamblers of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football for the Houston Cougars and the Texas Tech Red Raiders.

Houston Cougars football
The Houston Cougars football program is an NCAA Division I FBS football team that represents the University of Houston. The team is commonly referred to as "Houston" or "U of H". The UH football program is a member of the Big 12 Conference. Since the 2014 season, the Cougars have played their home games on campus at TDECU Stadium, which was built on the site formerly occupied by Robertson Stadium, where they played home games from 1941 to 1950 and from 1994 to 2012. Over the history of the program, the Cougars have won 11 conference championships and have had several players elected to the College Football Hall of Fame, including a Heisman Trophy winner.
Víctor Salas (footballer, born 1980)
Víctor Salas Baños (born 16 June 1980) is a Spanish former footballer who played as a midfielder.

He amassed Segunda División totals of 208 matches and 17 goals during eight seasons, representing in the competition Sevilla, Almería, Poli Ejido, Castellón and Ponferradina. He appeared in La Liga with the first club.

CD Castellón
Club Deportivo Castellón, S.A.D. is a professional Spanish football team based in Castellón de la Plana, in the Valencian Community. Founded on 20 July 1922, it currently plays in Segunda División, holding home games at Nou Estadi Castàlia, which has a capacity of 15,500 seats.
Victorian Railways No.1 (1857)
The Victorian Railways No. 1 was the first government passenger steam locomotive on Victorian Railways. It was a 2-2-2 (later 2-4-0) passenger locomotive operated by the Victorian Railways between 1858 and 1890 and again between 1893 and 1904, built by George England and Co., Newcastle upon Tyne, England.

Victorian Railways J class (1859)
The Victorian Railways J class of 1859 was a class of 2-2-2 main line passenger locomotives operated by the Victorian Railways between 1860 and 1912, built by Beyer, Peacock & Company, Manchester, England.
Vidal Llerenas Morales
Vidal Llerenas Morales (born 2 February 1972) is a Mexican politician from the National Regeneration Movement (Morena). He represented Mexico City's  eighth district in the Chamber of Deputies during the 61st Congress (2009–2012), representing the Party of the Democratic Revolution, and, again, during the 63rd Congress (2015–2018), representing Morena.

Party of the Democratic Revolution
The Party of the Democratic Revolution (Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática [paɾˈtiðo ðe la reβoluˈsjon demoˈkɾatika], PRD) is a state-level social democratic political party in Mexico (previously national, until 2024). The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The PRD was formed after the contested general election in 1988, which the PRD's immediate predecessor, the National Democratic Front, believed was rigged by the PRI. This sparked a movement away from the PRI's authoritarian rule.

As of 2023, the PRD was a member of the Fuerza y Corazón por México (Strength and Heart for Mexico) coalition. Internationally, the PRD was a member of the Progressive Alliance. The members of the party are known colloquially in Mexico as Perredistas. In 2024, the party failed to reach the necessary percentage of votes to keep its registration as a national political party.
Wheel Mountain
Wheel Mountain is a 12,774-foot-elevation (3,894-meter) mountain summit located west of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Fresno County of central California, United States. This mountain is situated on the Black Divide in northern Kings Canyon National Park, one mile northwest of Devils Crags, and two miles south-southeast of Mount McDuffie, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Wheel Mountain ranks as the 216th-highest summit in California, and the fifth-highest on Black Divide. Topographic relief is significant as the west aspect rises 4,500 feet (1,400 meters) above Enchanted Gorge in approximately 1.5 mile, and the east aspect rises 4,500 feet above Le Conte Canyon in 2.5 miles. An approach to this remote peak is made possible via the John Muir Trail.

Middle Fork Kings River
The Middle Fork Kings River is a 37.2-mile (59.9 km) tributary of the Kings River in Kings Canyon National Park, California, in the southern Sierra Nevada. Draining 318 square miles (820 km2) – almost all of it wilderness – the Middle Fork is one of the largest wholly undeveloped watersheds in the state, with no dams or paved roads within its basin. The entire length of the Middle Fork is designated a National Wild and Scenic River.
Java Modeling Language
The Java Modeling Language (JML) is a specification language for Java programs, using Hoare style pre- and postconditions and invariants, that follows the design by contract paradigm. Specifications are written as Java annotation comments to the source files, which hence can be compiled with any Java compiler.

Various verification tools, such as a runtime assertion checker and the Extended Static Checker (ESC/Java) aid development.

Precondition
In computer programming, a precondition is a condition or predicate that must always be true just prior to the execution of some section of code or before an operation in a formal specification.

If a precondition is violated, the effect of the section of code becomes undefined and thus may or may not carry out its intended work.  Preconditions that are missing, insufficient, or not formally proved (or have an incorrect attempted proof), or are not checked statically or dynamically, can give rise to Security problems, particularly in unsafe languages that are not strongly typed.

Often, preconditions are simply included in the documentation of the affected section of code.  Preconditions are sometimes tested using guards or assertions within the code itself, and some languages have specific syntactic constructions for doing so.
Please Myself
Please Myself, also translated as Ingratiate Oneself (Cantonese: 討好 自己; Tou2 hou2 zi6 gei2 Jyutping), is the eighth Cantonese studio album by Chinese recording artist Faye Wong. Using the stage name Shirley Wong (王靖雯; Wong Ching Man), the album was released on 20 December 1994, under Cinepoly.

Cinepoly Records
Cinepoly Records (新藝寶) is a Hong Kong–based record label founded in 1985. It was a subsidiary of PolyGram Records and the film company Cinema City. Ownership of Cinepoly Records  switched to Universal Music Group after Universal acquired PolyGram Records in 1998 and albums are distributed by Universal Music Hong Kong starting from 2017.

Many of Hong Kong's popstars and brands were on this label including:

Joe Lee (1986–1987)

Leslie Cheung (1987–1990)

Beyond (1988–1991)

Tai Chi (1985–1986,1999–2001)

Louis Lau (1990–1991)

Brian Cheng (1991–1993)

Pat Lew (1991–1994)

William So (1993–2003)

John Wu (1993–1994)

Faye Wong (1989–1997)

Softhard (1991–1996)

Priscilla Chan (1998–2001)

Julian Cheung (2000–2004)

Miriam Yeung (2001–2003)

Eason Chan (2004–2017)

Kay Tse (2007–2012)

Mr. (2008–2016)

Prudence Liew  (2008–2017)

Swing (2009–2012)

Kary Ng (2011–2017)

Pong Nan (2014–2017)
History of massively multiplayer online games
The history of massively multiplayer online games spans over thirty years and hundreds of massively multiplayer online games (MMOG) titles.  The origin and influence on MMO games stems from MUDs, online RPGs, Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) and earlier social games.

Massively multiplayer online game
A massively multiplayer online (MMO) game, sometimes referred to as an MMOG, is an online video game with a large number of players to interact in the same online game world. MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although there are games that differ. These games can be found for most network-capable platforms, including the personal computer, video game console, or smartphones and other mobile devices.

MMOs can enable players to cooperate and compete with each other on a large scale, and sometimes to interact meaningfully with people around the world. They include a variety of gameplay types, representing many video game genres.
Balaka West Constituency
Balaka West Constituency is a constituency for the National Assembly of Malawi, located in the Balaka District of Malawi's Southern Region. It is one of the 4 constituencies in the district that elects one member of parliament by the first past the post system.

The constituency has several wards, all electing councilors for the Balaka District. In 2019, the member of parliament who represented the constituency was Bertha Mackenzie Ndebele.

National Assembly (Malawi)
The National Assembly of Malawi is the supreme legislative body of the nation. It is situated on Capital Hill, Lilongwe along Presidential Way. The National Assembly alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all other political bodies in Malawi. At its head is the Speaker of the House who is elected by their peers. Since October 29, 2025, the Speaker is Sameer Suleman.

The 1994 Constitution provided for a Senate, but Parliament repealed it. Malawi therefore has a unicameral legislature in practice. The National Assembly has 229 members of Parliament (MPs) who are directly elected in single-member constituencies using the simple majority (or first-past-the-post) system and serve five-year terms.