hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mulatschak
Mulatschak or Fuchzenawa ("Fifteen Down") is an Austrian card game for two to five players that comes from the Salzburg area and is considered the quintessential game of the region. Although Mulatschak has been called the national card game of Salzburg, its rules were almost certainly unpublished before 2004. Mulatschak is a member of the Rams family in which the key feature is that players may choose to drop out of the game if they believe their hand is not strong enough to take a minimum number of tricks. There is a variant known as Murln or Murlen, which is played in Vienna and the Styria.

Salzburg (state)
Salzburg (Austrian German: [ˈsaltsbʊrɡ], Northern German: [ˈzaltsbʊʁk] ⓘ; Bavarian: Soizbuag, also known as Salzburgerland; Italian: Salisburghese) is a state (Land) of Austria bordering Germany and Italy. In German, its official name is Land Salzburg, to distinguish it from its eponymous capital Salzburg.

The state of Salzburg is closely tied to the former Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg, an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that existed for centuries until its secularization in 1803. After the Napoleonic Wars, the territory changed hands several times, becoming part of Austria, then briefly Bavaria, before being permanently incorporated into the Austrian Empire in 1816. In the 20th century, the region became a federated state of Austria and is today known for its Alpine landscapes, cultural heritage, and the annual Salzburg Festival.
French Revolution from the summer of 1790 to the establishment of the Legislative Assembly
The French Revolution was a period in the history of France covering the years 1789 to 1799, in which Republicans overthrew the Bourbon monarchy and the Roman Catholic Church perforce underwent radical restructuring. This article covers a period of time slightly longer than a year, from 14 July 1790, the first anniversary of the storming of the Bastille, to the establishment of the Legislative Assembly on 1 October 1791.

This article is a continuation of the abolition of feudalism in France, which covers the period of the Revolution from the abolition of feudalism to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy.  Please see that article for background and historical context.

Legislative Assembly (France)
The Legislative Assembly (French: Assemblée législative, [asɑ̃ble leʒislativ]) was the legislature of the Kingdom of France from 1 October 1791 to 20 September 1792 during the years of the French Revolution. It provided the focus of political debate and revolutionary law-making between the periods of the National Constituent Assembly and National Convention. The Legislative Assembly saw an unprecedented turnover of four ministers of Justice, four ministers of the Navy, six ministers of the Interior, seven ministers of Foreign Affairs, and eight ministers of War.
Panmure Golf Club
56°28′34″N 2°44′53″W﻿ / ﻿56.476°N 2.748°W﻿ / 56.476; -2.748

Panmure Golf Club is a golf club close to the village of Barry, Angus, Scotland. It is one of the clubs that originally helped purchase the Amateur Championship trophy, and is one of the oldest golf clubs in the world, dating back to 1845. It is a private club that plays over the Barry Links, and is sometimes referred to as Barry or Panmure Barry. Due to its location next to Carnoustie it is often overlooked by visitors, and with the number of members limited to 500 it is one of the most underplayed courses in Scotland.

Carnoustie Golf Links
Carnoustie Golf Links is in Carnoustie, Angus, Scotland. Carnoustie has four courses – the historic Championship Course, the Burnside Course, the Buddon Links Course and a free-to-play short, five-hole course called The Nestie. Carnoustie Golf Links is one of the venues in the Open Championship rotation and has hosted golf's oldest major on eight occasions (1931, 1937, 1953, 1968, 1975, 1999, 2007, 2018), as well as the Senior Open Championship in 2010 and 2016 and the Women's British Open in 2011 and 2021.
Ticino (train)
The Ticino was an express train that linked Milan in Italy, with Zürich, Switzerland and for some years even to Munich, Germany. The train was named after the Canton of Ticino in the south of Switzerland.  Introduced in 1961, it was a first-class-only Trans Europ Express (TEE) service until 1974.  Later, it was a EuroCity service.

EuroCity
EuroCity (EC) is an international train category and brand for European inter-city trains that cross international borders and meet criteria covering comfort, speed, food service, and cleanliness. Each EC train is operated by more than one European Union or Swiss rail company, under a multilateral co-operative arrangement, and all EC trains link important European cities with each other.

The EuroCity label replaced the older Trans Europ Express (TEE) name for border-crossing trains in Europe. Whereas TEE services were first-class only, EuroCity trains convey first- and second-class coaches.
Mt St Michael's College
Mt St Michael's College is an independent Catholic secondary school for girls located in Ashgrove, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It was established in 1925 by the Sisters of Charity at the invitation of James Duhig the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Brisbane.

The college is a member of the Catholic Secondary Schoolgirls' Sports Association. The College is a ministry of Mary Aikenhead Education Australia.

Sisters of Charity of Australia
The Sisters of Charity of Australia, or the Congregation of the Religious Sisters of Charity of Australia, is a congregation of religious sisters in the Catholic Church established in 1838. Sisters use the post-nominal initials of RSC.
Trischettn
Trischettn or Treschetten is an old card game from the South Tyrol for two players. The game is clearly an Austrian variant of Tresette, the major differences being that it is played with a 32-card, German-suited pack rather than a 40-card Italian pack, resulting in a different card ranking, the Tens and Nines becoming the highest rankers in each suit. It also features points for declaring certain combinations such as four Nines. The game is played for 31 points. It used to be one of the three most common card games in South Tyrol, along with Stichwatten and Labbieten, but is threatened with extinction today.

Watten (card game)
Watten, regionally also called Waddn, Watteln or Wattlung, is a card game that is mainly played in Bavaria, Austria, Switzerland and South Tyrol, including Ladinia. There are several main variants: Bavarian, Bohemian, South Tyrolean (Stichwatten), (Austrian) Tyrolean, Kritisch and Blind Watten. It is usually a 4-player game, which is "by far the most interesting", but it may also be played by 2 or 3 players. According to Parlett, Watten is "hard to describe [but] fun to play and easy to learn."
Icelandic Americans
Icelandic Americans (Icelandic: Íslenskir Bandaríkjamenn) are Americans of Icelandic descent or Iceland-born people who reside in the United States. Icelandic immigrants came to the United States primarily in the period 1873–1905 and after World War II. There are more than 40,000 Icelandic Americans according to the 2000 U.S. census, and most live in the Upper Midwest. The United States is home to the second largest Icelandic diaspora community in the world after Canada.

Icelandic Canadians
Icelandic Canadians (Icelandic: Íslensk-kanadískur) are Canadian citizens of Icelandic ancestry, or Iceland-born people who reside in Canada.

Canada has the largest ethnic Icelandic population outside Iceland, with about 101,795 people of full or partial Icelandic descent as of the Canada 2016 Census. Of that population in Canada, Gimli, Manitoba, is home to the largest Icelandic community outside Iceland.

Many Icelandic Canadians are descendants of people who fled an eruption of the Icelandic volcano Askja in 1875.
Praed Street
51°31′1.2″N 0°10′23″W﻿ / ﻿51.517000°N 0.17306°W﻿ / 51.517000; -0.17306
Praed Street (/preɪd/) is a street in Paddington, west London, in the City of Westminster, most notable for being the location of London Paddington station and St Mary's Hospital, London. It runs south-westerly, straight from Edgware Road to Craven Road, Spring Street and Eastbourne Terrace. East of Norfolk Place, the street is one-way eastbound; westbound traffic has to use Sussex Gardens and Norfolk Place, and this includes the eight London bus routes that serve the street: the 7, 23, 27, 36, 205, N7, N27 and N205.

St Mary's Hospital, London
St Mary's Hospital is a teaching hospital in Paddington, in the City of Westminster, London, founded in 1845. Since the UK's first academic health science centre was created in 2008, it has been operated by Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, which also operates Charing Cross Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital and the Western Eye Hospital.

Until 1988 the hospital ran St Mary's Hospital Medical School, part of the federal University of London. In 1988 it merged with Imperial College London, and then with Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School in 1997 to form Imperial College School of Medicine. In 2007 Imperial College became an independent institution when it withdrew from the University of London.
S Persei
S Persei is a red supergiant or hypergiant located near the Double Cluster in Perseus, north of the cluster NGC 869. It is a member of the Perseus OB1 association and is one of the largest known stars. If placed in the Solar System, its photosphere would engulf the orbit of Jupiter. It is also a semiregular variable, a star whose variations are less regular than those of Mira variables.

Semiregular variable star
In astronomy, a semiregular variable star, a type of variable star, is a giant or supergiant of intermediate and late (cooler) spectral type. It shows considerable periodicity in its light changes, accompanied or sometimes interrupted by various irregularities. Periods lie in the range from 20 to more than 2000 days, while the shapes of the light curves may be rather different and variable with each cycle.  The amplitudes may be from several hundredths to several magnitudes (usually 1-2 magnitudes in the V filter).
Tremarctos
Tremarctos is a genus of the monophyletic bear subfamily Tremarctinae, endemic to Americas from the Pliocene to recent. The northern species, the Florida short-faced bear (T. floridanus), went extinct in the Late Pleistocene. The sole living Tremarctos species is the South American spectacled bear (T. ornatus). Tremarctos is also the only living genus under the Tremarctinae subfamily, with the other short-faced bears (Plionarctos, Arctodus, and Arctotherium) all being extinct.

Spectacled bear
The spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus), also known as the Andean bear, is a species of bear native to the Andes Mountains in northern and western South America. It is the only living species of bear native to South America, and the last remaining short-faced bear (subfamily Tremarctinae). Unlike other omnivorous bears, the diet of the spectacled bear is mostly herbivorous. The species is classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN because of habitat loss.
Scott v. Harris
Scott v. Harris, 550 U.S. 372 (2007), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States involving a lawsuit against a sheriff's deputy brought by a motorist who was paralyzed after the officer ran his eluding vehicle off the road during a high-speed car chase.

Scott v. Harris examined a claim of qualified immunity in relation to an excessive force claim. To decide whether Officer Scott was entitled to qualified immunity under Saucier v. Katz the Court first had to decide whether Harris' constitutional rights were violated. The Supreme Court decided the case in Scott's favor because videotape showed that Harris had endangered public safety when he fled from police, and Scott's actions were therefore objectively reasonable under the Court's excessive force precedents.

Saucier v. Katz
Saucier v. Katz, 533 U.S. 194 (2001), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court considered the qualified immunity of a police officer to a civil rights case brought through a Bivens action.
My So-Called Life (Venetian Snares album)
My So-Called Life is the eighteenth studio album by Venetian Snares (Aaron Funk). It is a collection of tracks each made in a matter of days, which Funk considers more of "a collection of short stories than a novel... diary entries." It was the first release on Funk's new record label, Timesig, but was distributed through Planet Mu. The cover artwork entitled "Második Galamb" was painted by Christopher Umana.

Rossz Csillag Alatt Született
Rossz Csillag Alatt Született (Hungarian: [ˈross ˈt͡ʃillɒɡ ˈɒlɒtt ˈsylɛtɛtt]) is the twelfth studio album by Canadian electronic music producer Venetian Snares, released on the Planet Mu label in 2005. Inspired by a visit to Hungary, the album title and all of the track names are in Hungarian; Rossz Csillag Alatt Született translates to "Born Under The Wrong Star", or figuratively, "Cursed From Birth". The album consists of classical strings and brass combined with breakbeats.
Fliegerstaffel 11
Fliegerstaffel 11 (Fightersquadron 11)  (Tigers) of the Swiss Air Force  is a Berufsfliegerkorps squadron  equipped with  F/A-18  combat jets and, together with Fliegerstaffel 8, is part of Fliegergeschwader 13. The home base of Fliegerstaffel 11 is Meiringen Air Base. Fliegerstaffel 11 is a full member of the NATO Tiger Association and carries a coat of arms depicting a Tiger head on a black background and the wordmark Staffel 11 below the tiger head as its crest.

Swiss Air Force
The Swiss Air Force (German: Schweizer Luftwaffe; French: Forces aériennes suisses; Italian: Forze aeree svizzere; Romansh: Aviatica militara svizra) is the air component of the Swiss Armed Forces, established on 31 July 1914, three days after the outbreak of World War I, as a part of the army and in October 1936 as an independent service.

In peacetime, Dübendorf is the operational air force headquarters. The Swiss Air Force operates from several fixed bases (see current status) but its personnel are also trained to carry out air operations from temporary highway airstrips. In case of crisis or war, several stretches of road are specially prepared for this option.
Marrecs de Salt
Marrecs de Salt (Catalan pronunciation: [məˈrɛɡz ðə ˈsal]) is a group of castellers (human tower builders) from Salt, Girona (Catalonia), founded in 1995. They are also to be considered as the local group in Girona, together with their university counterpart: Xoriguers de la UdG. They are one of the seven active groups in the province of Girona, and since the dissolution of Castellers de l'Albera, also the oldest. Their best human tower is the 5 in 8 and their best performance was on 27 October 2013 for the performance of Sant Narcís in the city of Girona, were they completed the 4 in 8, the 2 in 8 with double base, the 3 in 8 and the pillar of 6. Their shirt is blue standing for the river Ter, which flows through both Salt and Girona, as well as other regions of the province.

3 in 8
3 in 8, which in Catalan is called 3 de 8, is a castellers human tower with 8 levels and 3 people per level in the trunk, except for the last three levels called the top crown (pom de dalt in Catalan), which, like in most other castells, consists of the pair (dosos), a bending child (acotxador) and the crowner (enxaneta).  One of the pairs, called the right pair (dos dret), stands on the shoulder of a casteller of the fifth level, completing the main row usually called rengla, while the other pair, called open pair (dos obert), stands with its legs open with one foot in each of the other castellers shoulder. The other two rows are called the right and left rows (dreta and esquerra), or the full and empty rows (plena and buida). The bending child climbs up through the left/empty row, while the crowner and the open pair climb up through the right/full row. Once crowned, the crowner climbs down using the main row.
Alabama State Route 128
State Route 128 (SR 128) is a 1.518-mile-long (2.443 km) state highway in Tallapoosa County. The highway's western terminus is at an intersection with SR 63. The route ends at the entrance to Wind Creek State Park along Lake Martin.

Alabama State Route 63
State Route 63 (SR 63) is a 45.851-mile-long (73.790 km) state highway in the central part of the U.S. state of Alabama. The southern terminus of the highway is at an intersection with SR 14 at Claud, an unincorporated community in Elmore County. The northern terminus of the highway is at an intersection with SR 9 south of Millerville, an unincorporated community in southeastern Clay County.
Interference (communication)
In telecommunications, an interference is that which modifies a signal in a disruptive manner, as it travels along a communication channel between its source and receiver. The term is often used to refer to the addition of unwanted signals to a useful signal. Common examples include:

Electromagnetic interference (EMI)

Co-channel interference (CCI), also known as crosstalk

Adjacent-channel interference (ACI)

Intersymbol interference (ISI)

Inter-carrier interference (ICI), caused by doppler shift in OFDM modulation (multitone modulation).

Common-mode interference (CMI)

Conducted interference

Noise is a form of interference but not all interference is noise.

Radio resource management aims at reducing and controlling the co-channel and adjacent-channel interference.

Co-channel interference
Co-channel interference or CCI is crosstalk from two different radio transmitters using the same channel. Co-channel interference can be caused by many factors from weather conditions to administrative and design issues. Co-channel interference may be controlled by various radio resource management schemes.
Ramat HaSharon
Ramat HaSharon (Hebrew: רמת השרון, lit. 'The Sharon Highplain', רָמַת הַשָּׁרוֹן‎) is an affluent city located on Israel's central coastal strip in the south of the Sharon region, bordering the cities of Tel Aviv to the south, Hod-HaSharon to the east, and Herzliya and kibbutz Glil Yam to the north. It is part of the Tel Aviv District, within the Gush Dan metropolitan area. In 2023 Ramat HaSharon had a population of 49,002 and its citizens are nearly entirely Jewish.

Herzliya
Herzliya (/hɜːrtsˈliːjə/ hurts-LEE-yə; Hebrew: הרצליה, pronounced [heʁts(e)liˈja] / [eʁtseˈlija]) is an affluent city in the central coast of Israel, at the northern part of the Tel Aviv District, known for its robust start‑up and entrepreneurial culture. In 2023, it had a population of 108,650.

Named after Theodor Herzl, the founder of modern Zionism, Herzliya covers an area of 21.6 km2 (8.3 sq mi). Its western, beachfront area is called Herzliya Pituah and is one of Israel's most affluent neighborhoods and home to numerous embassies, ambassadors' residences, company headquarters, and houses of prominent Israeli business people.
Kepler-62d
Kepler-62d (also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designation KOI-701.01) is the third innermost and the largest exoplanet discovered orbiting the star Kepler-62, with a size roughly twice the diameter of Earth. It was found using the transit method, in which the dimming that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. Its stellar flux is 15 ± 2 times Earth's. Due to its closer orbit to its star, it is a super-Venus or, if it has a volatile composition, a hot Neptune, with an estimated equilibrium temperature of 510 K (237 °C; 458 °F), too hot to sustain life on its surface.

Kepler-62
Kepler-62 is a K-type main sequence star cooler and smaller than the Sun, located 982 light-years (301 parsecs) from Earth in the constellation Lyra. It resides within the field of vision of the Kepler spacecraft, the satellite that NASA's Kepler Mission used to detect planets that may be transiting their stars. On April 18, 2013, it was announced that the star has five planets, two of which, Kepler-62e and Kepler-62f are within the star's habitable zone. The outermost, Kepler-62f, is likely a rocky planet.
Manitoba Provincial Road 220
Provincial Road 220 (PR 220) is a 21.1-kilometre-long (13.1 mi) north-south provincial road in both the Interlake and Winnipeg Metro regions of Manitoba. It connects suburbs on the northern edge of Winnipeg with PTH 8, PTH 67, and Oak Hammock Marsh. Between PTH 8 and PR 409, PR 220 is named Grassmere Road, with the rest of its length known as Blackdale Road.

Manitoba Highway 67
Provincial Trunk Highway 67 (PTH 67) is a short provincial highway in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It runs as an east-west route just north of Winnipeg city limits between PTH 6 near the village of Warren to PTH 9 at the gate to Lower Fort Garry.

PTH 67 is the main highway through the town of Stonewall. The speed limit is 100 km/h (62 mph).
HMS Curacoa (1809)
HMS Curacoa was a fifth-rate 36-gun sailing frigate of the Royal Navy. Ordered in October 1806 and launched in September 1809, she was one of a new series of Apollo-class frigates designed by Sir William Rule in 1798. Curacoa was 952 87⁄94 tons (bm), armed with a main battery of twenty-six 18 pounders (8.2 kilograms) and carried a complement of 264 men when fully manned.

First commissioned by Captain John Tower, who commanded her through her entire service, Curacoa spent two years on duty around the Channel Islands before being posted to the Mediterranean in 1811, first off the east coast of Italy and then in the Balearic Sea. At the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Curacoa was converted to a 24-gun sixth-rate corvette and sent to South America to assist with the suppression of the slave trade. She was broken up in March 1849.

Fifth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a fifth-rate was the second-smallest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.
Clairaut's theorem (gravity)
Clairaut's theorem characterizes the surface gravity on a viscous rotating ellipsoid in hydrostatic equilibrium under the action of its gravitational field and centrifugal force.  It was published in 1743 by Alexis Claude Clairaut in a treatise which synthesized physical and geodetic evidence that the Earth is an oblate rotational ellipsoid. It was initially used to relate the gravity at any point on the Earth's surface to the position of that point, allowing the ellipticity of the Earth to be calculated from measurements of gravity at different latitudes.  Today it has been largely supplanted by the Somigliana equation.

Theoretical gravity
In geodesy and geophysics, theoretical gravity or normal gravity is an approximation of Earth's gravity, on or near its surface, by means of a mathematical model. The most common theoretical model is a rotating Earth ellipsoid of revolution (i.e., a spheroid).

Other representations of gravity can be used in the study and analysis of other bodies, such as asteroids. Widely used representations of a gravity field in the context of geodesy include spherical harmonics, mascon models, and polyhedral gravity representations.
William Chong Wong
William Chong Wong (died June 17, 2018) was a Honduran economist, professor and politician. He twice served as Minister of Finance of Honduras, during the administrations of President Ricardo Maduro and President Porfirio Lobo Sosa. He was born in Honduras to Chinese immigrant parents and educated in Spain and the United States. He was a professor at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras and co-founded the Central American Technological University in 1987.

Porfirio Lobo Sosa
Porfirio Lobo Sosa (born 22 December 1947) also known by his nickname, Pepe Lobo, is a Honduran former politician, business administrator, and agricultural landowner who served as 37th President of Honduras from 27 January 2010 to 27 January 2014. A member of the conservative National Party and a former deputy in the National Congress of Honduras from 25 January 1990, he was president of the National Congress of Honduras from 25 January 2002 to 25 January 2006. He came second to Manuel Zelaya with 46% of the vote in the 2005 general election. After the military ousted Zelaya in a coup d'état, Lobo was elected president in the 2009 presidential election and took office on 27 January 2010.