hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chulabhorn Research Institute
Chulabhorn Research Institute (Thai: สถาบันวิจัยจุฬาภรณ์) is a biomedical and chemistry research institute in Bangkok, Thailand. Initiated by Princess Chulabhorn in 1987, it was established as an independent agency funded by the Thai government.

The institute operates nine laboratories in biochemistry, biotechnology, medicinal chemistry, chemical carcinogenesis, environmental toxicology, immunology, natural products, organic synthesis and pharmacology. Besides research, the institute offers training as well as master's and doctoral degree programs in Environmental Toxicology, Technology tinkering Management.

The affiliated Chulabhorn Cancer Center was renamed to Chulabhorn Hospital in 2009. Chulabhorn Graduate Institute opened in June 2007.

Chulabhorn Graduate Institute
13°52′55″N 100°34′43″E﻿ / ﻿13.882027°N 100.578717°E﻿ / 13.882027; 100.578717

Chulabhorn Graduate Institute (CGI) (Thai: สถาบันบัณฑิตศึกษาจุฬาภรณ์) is a multidisciplinary post-graduate academic institute, comprising faculty members from the Chulabhorn Research Institute (CRI), and other leading universities in Thailand, as well as from academic and research institutions from around the world.
Anthony Kenny
Sir Anthony John Patrick Kenny FBA (born 16 March 1931) is a British philosopher whose interests lie in the philosophy of mind, ancient and scholastic philosophy, the philosophy of religion, and the philosophy of Wittgenstein of whose literary estate he is an executor. With Peter Geach, he has made a significant contribution to analytical Thomism, a movement whose aim is to present the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas in the style of analytic philosophy. He is a former president of the British Academy and the Royal Institute of Philosophy.

Analytical Thomism
Philosophy portal

Analytical Thomism is a philosophical movement which promotes the interchange of ideas between the thought of Thomas Aquinas (including the philosophy carried on in relation to his thinking, called 'Thomism'), and modern analytic philosophy. It is a branch of analytic scholasticism that draws on other scholastic sources, esp. John Duns Scotus.

Scottish philosopher, John Haldane first coined the term in the early 1990s, and has since been one of the movement's leading proponents. According to Haldane, "analytical Thomism involves the bringing into mutual relationship of the styles and preoccupations of recent English-speaking philosophy and the ideas and concerns shared by St Thomas and his followers".
Wolica, Gmina Łubnice
Wolica [vɔˈlit͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łubnice, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Łubnice, 12 km (7 mi) south of Staszów, and 62 km (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Łubnice, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Gmina Łubnice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Łubnice, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Staszów and 65 km (40 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 84.14 square kilometres (32.5 sq mi), and as of 2010 its total population is  4,382.
Rob Summerfield
Rob Summerfield is an American businessman and Republican politician from Chippewa County, Wisconsin.  He is a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Wisconsin's 68th Assembly district since 2025; he previously represented the 67th Assembly district from 2017 to 2025.

Wisconsin's 68th Assembly district
The 68th Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly.  Located in northwestern Wisconsin, the district comprises all of Price and Rusk counties, and most of Chippewa and Taylor counties.  It includes the cities of Bloomer, Cornell, Ladysmith, Park Falls, and Phillips, and the villages of Bruce, Catawba, Conrath, Gilman, Glen Flora, Hawkins, Ingram, Kennan, Lublin, Prentice, Rib Lake, Sheldon, Tony, and Weyerhaeuser.  The district also contains Lake Wissota State Park, Brunet Island State Park, and Timms Hill—the highest natural point in the state of Wisconsin. The district is represented by Republican Rob Summerfield, since January 2025; Summerfield previously represented the 67th district from 2017 to 2025.

The 68th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 23rd Senate district, along with the 67th and 69th Assembly districts.

Timms Hill

Lake Wissota State Park

Phillips, Wisconsin

Prentice, Wisconsin

Brunet Island State Park
FLS2
FLS genes have been discovered to be involved in the flagellin reception of bacteria. FLS1 was the original gene discovered shown to correspond with a specific ecotype within Arabidopsis thaliana. Even so, further studies have shown a second FLS gene known as FLS2, which is also associated with flagellin reception. FLS2 and FLS1 are different genes with different responsibilities, but are related genetically. FLS2 has a specific focus in plant defense and is involved in promoting the MAP kinase cascade. Mutations in the FLS2 gene can cause bacterial infection by lack of response to the 22-amino acid peptide flg22. Therefore, FLS2's primary focus is association with flg22 while its secondary focus is the involvement of promoting the MAP kinase cascade in plant defense.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase
A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase) is a type of  serine/threonine-specific protein kinases involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and proinflammatory cytokines. They regulate cell functions including proliferation, gene expression, differentiation, mitosis, cell survival, and apoptosis.

MAP kinases are found in eukaryotes only, but they are fairly diverse and encountered in all animals, fungi and plants, and even in an array of unicellular eukaryotes.

MAPKs belong to the CMGC (CDK/MAPK/GSK3/CLK) kinase group. The closest relatives of MAPKs are the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).
Petroleum, Kentucky
Petroleum is an unincorporated community in Allen County, Kentucky, United States. It is on U.S. Route 231 at the northern terminus of Kentucky Route 1147 south to Kentucky Route 3500, which ends at a junction with U.S. Route 31E/231 near the community.

Allen County, Kentucky
Allen County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,588. Its county seat and only municipality is Scottsville. The county is named for Colonel John Allen, a state senator and soldier who was killed leading the 1st Regiment of Kentucky Rifleman at the Battle of Frenchtown, Michigan during the War of 1812. Allen County was a dry county until 2023, when it voted to legalize the sale of alcohol. It was formed in 1815 from parts of Barren and Warren counties. Allen County is included in the Bowling Green, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Mechanized Brigade "Granatieri di Sardegna"
The Mechanized Brigade "Granatieri di Sardegna" (Italian: Brigata Meccanizzata "Granatieri di Sardegna" – Mechanized Brigade
"Grenadiers of Sardinia") is a mechanized infantry brigade of the Italian Army, based in Rome and central Italy. The brigade fields one of the oldest regiments of the Army and is one of the guard regiments of the President of Italy. The name of the unit dates back to the Kingdom of Sardinia and not the eponymous Mediterranean island of Sardinia. The brigade is part of the Division "Acqui".

Division "Acqui"
The Division "Acqui" (Italian: Divisione "Acqui") is one of three active divisions of the Italian Army. The division is the army's high readiness command for out-of-area operations. The Acqui is based in Capua in the Province of Caserta and assigned to the Operational Land Forces Command. The division carries on the name and traditions of the World War II Royal Italian Army 33rd Infantry Division "Acqui" and the Cold War Italian Army Motorized Brigade "Acqui".
Hartshead
Hartshead is a village in the Kirklees district of West Yorkshire, England, 3.7 miles (6 km) west of Dewsbury and near to Hartshead Moor.

The village has pre-Norman Conquest origins; the Walton Cross is believed to be dated from the 11th century.

The name Hartshead is derived from Herteshevet or Herteshede which is Scandinavian in origin and means Hill of Heort, Heort meaning Hart in modern English.

Patrick Brontë served as curate of St Peter's Church in Hartshead between 1811 and 1815, in which time he met his wife, Maria Branwell (although they met in Rawdon, some dozen or so miles away from Hartshead). They were married in Guiseley and became the parents of Anne, Branwell, Charlotte and Emily Brontë.

Kirklees Hall is between Hartshead and the nearby village of Clifton.

Robin Hood is reputed to have been buried near Hartshead or in the grounds of the nearby Kirklees Hall. The exact place is not known, as the gravestone has been moved at least 3 times.

William Swinden Barber
William Swinden Barber FRIBA (29 March 1832 – 26 November 1908), also W. S. Barber or W. Swinden Barber, was an English  Gothic Revival and Arts and Crafts architect, specialising in modest but finely furnished Anglican churches, often with crenellated bell-towers. He was based in Brighouse and Halifax in the West Riding of Yorkshire. At least 15 surviving examples of his work are Grade II listed buildings, including his 1875 design for the Victoria Cross at Akroydon, Halifax. An 1864 portrait by David Wilkie Wynfield depicts him in Romantic garb, holding a flower. He served in the Artists Rifles regiment in the 1860s alongside Wynfield and other contemporary artists.
Hercules (Piero della Francesca)
Hercules is a fresco fragment by Piero della Francesca, his only known secular work and probably originally part of a cycle of mythological figures. It dates to sometime after 1465 and is now in the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, which acquired it from Joseph Lindon Smith, who in turn bought it from the Florentine art dealer Elia Volpi.

Piero della Francesca
Piero della Francesca (/ˌpjɛəroʊ ˌdɛlə frænˈtʃɛskə/ PYAIR-oh DEL-ə fran-CHESK-ə, US also /- frɑːnˈ-/ -⁠ frahn-; Italian: [ˈpjɛːro della franˈtʃeska] ⓘ; né Piero di Benedetto de' Franceschi; c. 1415 – 12 October 1492) was an Italian painter, mathematician and geometer of the Early Renaissance, nowadays chiefly appreciated for his art. His painting is characterized by its serene humanism, its use of geometric forms and perspective. His most famous work is the cycle of frescoes The History of the True Cross in the Basilica of San Francesco in the Tuscan town of Arezzo.
H.E.R.O. (comics)
H.E.R.O. is an American comic book series published by DC Comics that started in 2003 and ran for 22 issues. The series was written by Will Pfeifer. Artists included Kano, Leonard Kirk, Patrick Gleason, and Dale Eaglesham.

The series' focus was the "H-Dial" that DC had first introduced in "Dial H for Hero" in House of Mystery in the 1960s. For this series the Dial was depicted as an object with buttons instead of a dial and was referred to as the H-Device.

Leonard Kirk
Leonard Kirk is an American-born comic book artist living in Canada. He has worked on such properties as Supergirl, JSA, Star Trek, Batman, and Witchblade. Currently Kirk is exclusively signed for Marvel Comics.
National Academy of Defence Production
National Academy of Defence Production is an Indian training and development institute incorporated under Ordnance Factory Board. It imparts training to the Group-A gazetted officers recruited under Indian Ordnance Factories Service. The academy also offers Group-A officers serving in various ordnance factories a mid-career training program.

Indian Ordnance Factories Service
The Indian Ordnance Factories Service (IOFS) is a civil service of the Government of India. IOFS officers are Gazetted (Group A) defence-civilian officers under the Ministry of Defence. They are responsible for the administration of the Indian Ordnance Factories, which provide the indigenous defence production capabilities of India.
Someday We'll Know
"Someday We'll Know" is a song by the New Radicals. It was released in March 1999 as the second single off their album Maybe You've Been Brainwashed Too (1998). Lyrically, the song explores the confusion over why a relationship ended. The group dissolved before the single's release, and as a result the song failed to match the success of the preceding single, "You Get What You Give", which had topped the charts in New Zealand and Canada and peaked within the top 5 on the United Kingdom singles chart. In contrast, "Someday We'll Know" became a top 40 hit only in Brazil where it made number 38 there, and failed to chart on the Billboard Hot 100. The song is the group's second and final single, and has been covered by numerous artists, including Mandy Moore & Jon Foreman of Switchfoot, America and Hall & Oates.

Gregg Alexander
Gregg Alexander (born Gregory Aiuto; May 4, 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He was the lead vocalist and guitarist for the alternative rock band New Radicals.

After the release of their only album, Maybe You've Been Brainwashed Too (1998), the group disbanded and Alexander shifted focus onto production and songwriting work for other artists. Since then, he has been credited on the singles "Life Is a Rollercoaster" and "Lovin' Each Day" by Ronan Keating, "Inner Smile" by Texas, "Murder on the Dancefloor" and "Mixed Up World" by Sophie Ellis-Bextor, all of which were commercial successes in the early 2000s.

Alexander won a Grammy Award for his contributions to the 2003 single "The Game of Love" by Santana. He also co-wrote songs for the film Begin Again, including "Lost Stars", which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song.
Translation (journal)
Translation: A Transdisciplinary Journal, was a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering translation studies. Established in 2011, it was published by St. Jerome Publishing, Edizioni di Storia e Letteratura, and the San Pellegrino University Foundation. The editor-in-chief was Siri Nergaard. Other members of the founding editorial board were Stefano Arduini, Edwin Gentzler, Valerie Henitiuk, Bob Hodgson, Paul A. Soukup, and Philip Towner.

A collaborative initiative of the Nida School of Translation Studies, this journal collected the ways in which translation transforms the contemporary world. It offered an open space for debate and reflection on post-translation studies, moving beyond towards transdisciplinary discourses on societies which are increasingly hybrid, diasporic, border-crossing, intercultural, multilingual, and global.

Although this journal ceased to be published, it was notable for the coinage of the term "Post-translation studies" and related developments.

San Pellegrino University Foundation
The San Pellegrino University Foundation (also referred to as FUSP or San Pellegrino) is an Italian educational institution that was established in 2010. FUSP operates internationally in the field of translation research and international communication. It inherits its academic heritage to the Servite Order, which in 1973 founded the Liceo Linguistico San Pellegrino, and, in 1987, founded the Scuola Superiore per Interpreti e Traduttori (School for Translators and Interpreters).

Founding members of FUSP include the Order of the Servants of Mary, the Municipality of Misano Adriatico, and the Nida Institute for Biblical Scholarship of New York. New partners include Gruppo Maggioli (since 2014) and Uniformazione Vicenza (since 2013).
St Finbarr's College, Farranferris
Farranferris, also known as St Finbarr's College, was a secondary school in Cork City, Ireland. It opened in 1887, closed in 2006, and was an important institution in the twentieth century history of the city.

Patrick MacSwiney
Rev. Patrick J. MacSwiney (frequently spelled McSwiney or MacSweeney, 16 March 1885 – 16 November 1940) was an Irish Catholic priest, Gaelic scholar, antiquarian, historian, teacher, founder of the Kinsale Regional Museum, and benefactor of the people in the parishes in which he worked.
Nassau Coliseum, New York 1980
Nassau Coliseum, New York 1980 is a live album by Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band, released in March 2015, and was the fourth official release through the Bruce Springsteen Archives. The show was originally recorded live at the Nassau Coliseum in Uniondale, New York, on December 31, 1980.

On July 5, 2019, a remixed and upgraded version of the recording was released, concurrent with the release of the concert at the same venue two nights prior.

E Street Band
The E Street Band is an American rock band that has been the primary backing band for rock musician Bruce Springsteen since 1972. For the bulk of Springsteen's recording and performing career, the band consisted of guitarists Steven Van Zandt, Nils Lofgren, and Patti Scialfa, keyboardists Danny Federici and Roy Bittan, bassist Garry Tallent, drummer Max Weinberg and saxophonist Clarence Clemons. In 2014, the E Street Band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

When not working with Springsteen, members of the band have recorded solo material and have pursued successful careers as session musicians, record producers, songwriters, actors and other roles in entertainment.
Daihonzan Chozen-ji
21°21′50″N 157°50′36″W﻿ / ﻿21.363763°N 157.843293°W﻿ / 21.363763; -157.843293

Daihonzan Chozen-ji (大本山超禅寺) is a Rinzai Zen temple located in Kalihi Valley on the island of Oahu in Hawaii. It was established in 1972 by Omori Sogen and Tenshin Tanouye.

Rinzai school
The Rinzai school (Japanese: 臨済宗, romanized: Rinzai-shū, simplified Chinese: 临济宗; traditional Chinese: 臨濟宗; pinyin: Línjì zōng), named after Linji Yixuan (Romaji: Rinzai Gigen, died 866 CE) is one of three sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism, along with Sōtō and Ōbaku. The Chinese Linji school of Chan Buddhism was first transmitted to Japan by Myōan Eisai (1141–1215). Contemporary Japanese Rinzai is derived entirely from the Ōtōkan lineage transmitted through Hakuin Ekaku (1686–1769), who is a major figure in the revival of the Rinzai tradition.
Gazipur
Gazipur (Bengali: গাজীপুর) is a city in central Bangladesh. Located in Gazipur District in Dhaka Division, it is a major industrial city 25 km (16 mi) north of Dhaka. It is a hub for the textile industry in Bangladesh, with 75% of all garment industries situated there. It is also part of Greater Dhaka.

Since 2013, Gazipur has been governed by the Gazipur City Corporation, making it one of eleven cities of Bangladesh that are administered by a city corporation.

Greater Dhaka
Greater Dhaka (Bengali: বৃহত্তর ঢাকা) is the megalopolis including and surrounding the Bangladeshi capital city of Dhaka, which has grown into one of the world's largest megacities, and shows a very rapid rate of expansion.  Dhaka not only grows because it is the capital and largest urban centre but also due to massive internal displacement from millions of people living in a perennially flood-prone river delta.
Claude Vautrin House
Claude Vautrin House is a historic home and farm complex located at Cape Vincent in Jefferson County, New York. The limestone farmhouse is a two-story structure with a square main block with a hipped roof and a one-story wooden rear wing with a gable roof, built in 1855 in the Italianate style. Also on the property are six contributing 19th century outbuildings: a barn with a silo, four sheds, and a smokehouse.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Cape Vincent, New York
Cape Vincent is a town in Jefferson County, New York, United States. The population was 2,765 at the 2020 census.

The town is in the northwestern part of the county. In the town is a village also called Cape Vincent. Both town and village are northwest of Watertown.
Air Force Armament Museum
The Air Force Armament Museum is a military aviation museum adjacent to Eglin Air Force Base in Valparaiso, Florida, dedicated to the display of Air Force armament. It is supported by the private, non-profit Air Force Armament Museum Foundation.

Eglin Air Force Base
Eglin Air Force Base (IATA: VPS, ICAO: KVPS, FAA LID: VPS) is a United States Air Force (USAF) base in the western Florida panhandle, located about three miles (5 km) southwest of Valparaiso in Okaloosa County.

The host unit at Eglin is the 96th Test Wing (formerly the 96th Air Base Wing). The 96 TW is the test and evaluation center for Air Force air-delivered weapons, navigation and guidance systems, command and control systems, and Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) systems.

Eglin AFB was established 91 years ago in 1935 as the Valparaiso Bombing and Gunnery Base. It is named in honor of Lt. Col. Frederick I. Eglin (1891–1937), who was killed in a crash of his Northrop A-17 attack aircraft on a flight from Langley to Maxwell Field, Alabama.
The Royal Family (TV series)
The Royal Family is an American sitcom television series that ran on CBS between September 18, 1991, and May 13, 1992. The series was created by executive producer Eddie Murphy, as part of a development deal Murphy had with CBS, and produced by David Garber, Shelley Jensen, Deborah Leschin, Leslie Ray, and David Steven Simon. Other executive producers alongside Eddie Murphy are Mark McClafferty and Greg Antonacci. It was presented by Eddie Murphy Television in association with Paramount Television, the television arm of Paramount Pictures, a Paramount Communications Company, with which Murphy had long been associated. The series starred Redd Foxx and Della Reese.

Murphy had previously worked with Foxx and Reese in the 1989 film Harlem Nights, which Murphy wrote and directed. The working title for the series was Chest Pains.

Jackée Harry
Jacqueline Yvonne "Jackée" Harry (born August 14, 1956) is an American actress, comedian, and television personality. She starred as Sandra Clark, the nemesis of Mary Jenkins (played by Marla Gibbs), on the NBC sitcom 227 (1985–1990), and as Lisa Landry on the ABC/The WB sitcom Sister, Sister (1994–1999). Harry was the first African American to win a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series.

She also starred in the 1992 film Ladybugs opposite Rodney Dangerfield. Since March 2021, she has played Paulina Price on the NBC/Peacock soap opera Days of Our Lives.
Yes, Virginia... (album)
Yes, Virginia... is the second studio album by American dark cabaret band the Dresden Dolls, released on April 18, 2006, by Roadrunner Records. The album was recorded in September 2005, with some extra vocal work and the mixing done the following November.

It is named after a reply to a letter run in the New York Sun in 1897 about the existence of Santa Claus (see "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus"). The first single from the album was "Sing". The album made its debut at number 42 on the US Billboard 200, selling 19,000 units in the first week; despite this, the album's sales fell off quickly, resulting in Roadrunner pulling its support for the album shortly after its release and creating tensions between the band and the label.

Other songs recorded during the studio session include "The Kill", "Boston", and "The Gardener", which were released on the No, Virginia... compilation in May 2008.

The Dresden Dolls
The Dresden Dolls is an American musical duo from Boston, Massachusetts. Formed in 2000, the group consists of Amanda Palmer (lead vocals and piano; additional: keyboards, harmonica, ukulele) and Brian Viglione (drums and backing vocals; additional: guitar, bass guitar). The two describe their style as "Brechtian punk cabaret", a phrase invented by Palmer because she was "terrified" that the press would invent a name that "would involve the word gothic". The Dresden Dolls aesthetic exemplifies dark cabaret.