hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1998–99 FA Cup qualifying rounds
The 1998–99 FA Cup qualifying rounds opened the 118th season of competition in England for 'The Football Association Challenge Cup' (FA Cup), the world's oldest association football single knockout competition.  A total of 558 clubs were accepted for the competition, down five from the previous season's 563.

The large number of clubs entering the tournament meant that the competition started with preliminary and four qualifying knockouts for these non-League teams. The 32 winning teams from fourth round qualifying progressed to the First round proper, where League teams tiered at Levels 3 and 4 entered the competition.

1998–99 FA Cup
The 1998–99 FA Cup (known as The AXA-sponsored FA Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 118th season of the FA Cup. The title defenders were Arsenal, who were eliminated in a semi-final replay by eventual winners Manchester United, who beat Newcastle United 2–0 in the final at the old Wembley Stadium. The goals were scored by Teddy Sheringham after 11 minutes, less than two minutes after coming on as a substitute for Roy Keane, and Paul Scholes on 53 minutes. It was the second leg of a historic treble for Manchester United; having already won the Premier League title the previous weekend, they went on to win the Champions League the following Wednesday.
Grotta dello Smeraldo
40°36′54″N 14°34′01″E﻿ / ﻿40.61500°N 14.56694°E﻿ / 40.61500; 14.56694

The Grotta dello Smeraldo (Italian for "Emerald Grotto") is a cave, partly inundated by the sea and located in Conca dei Marini, Italy, on the Amalfi Coast.

Amalfi Coast
The Amalfi Coast (Italian: Costiera amalfitana [koˈstjɛːra amalfiˈtaːna] or Costa d'Amalfi) is a stretch of coastline in southern Italy overlooking the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Gulf of Salerno, in Campania. It is located south of the Sorrentine Peninsula and north of the Cilentan Coast.

Attracting international tourists of all classes annually, the Amalfi Coast was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Atrani and Vietri sul Mare are marketed as I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Joseph A. A. Burnquist
Joseph Alfred Arner Burnquist (July 21, 1879 – January 12, 1961) was an American attorney and Republican politician in Minnesota. He served in the Minnesota State Legislature from 1909 to 1911, was elected the 20th Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota in 1912, and then served as the 19th Governor of Minnesota from December 30, 1915, to January 5, 1921. He became governor after the death of Governor Winfield Scott Hammond (1863–1915).

Elected in 1938, Burnquist returned to serve as Minnesota Attorney General from January 2, 1939, until January 3, 1955, establishing what is now the second-longest record of continuous service in that position.

Minnesota Attorney General
The attorney general of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Thirty individuals have held the office of Attorney General since statehood. The incumbent is Keith Ellison, a Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party member.
Wisconsin Highway 311
State Trunk Highway 311 (STH-311, WIS 311) is a state trunk highway which runs for 2.0 miles (3.2 km) in the village of Mount Pleasant, Racine County, Wisconsin. The highway acts as a frontage road to Interstate 41/Interstate 94 (I-41/I-94), providing access to the Wisconn Valley Science and Technology Park developed by Foxconn.

Interstate 41
Interstate 41 (I-41) is a 175.00-mile-long (281.64 km) north–south Interstate Highway connecting the interchange of I-94 and U.S. Route 41 (US 41), located about a mile (1.6 km) south of the Wisconsin–Illinois state line at the end of the Tri-State Tollway in metropolitan Chicago, to an interchange with I-43 in metropolitan Green Bay, Wisconsin. The designation travels concurrently with US 41 for its entire length, as well as portions of I-894, US 45, I-43, and sections of I-94 in Wisconsin and Illinois. The route was officially added to the Interstate Highway System on April 7, 2015, and connects Milwaukee and Green Bay with the Fox Cities.
Dax Reynosa
Dax Reynosa, often mononymously known as Dax and by the former stage name Theory, is an American underground hip hop artist, producer, songwriter, smooth jazz singer, and music manager from Whittier, California. As a hip hop artist, he co-founded the underground Christian hip hop collective Tunnel Rats and the affiliated groups LPG, Footsoldiers, and The Resistance. He also co-founded the Latin funk and R&B band Elé and formed The Dax Band. He has contributed vocals and songwriting to numerous jazz recordings.

LPG (American band)
LPG is an American Christian hip-hop duo from Whittier and West Covina, California and part of the underground hip hop collective Tunnel Rats. It is composed of cousins Dax Reynosa (also known as Theory) and Jurny Big (also known as Phil Harmonic). Their name was understood to stand for "Lord's Personal Gangsters", but now is "Living Proof of Grace". They released their first album, Earthworm, in 1995.

Along with Tunnel Rats, they had trouble being accepted by conservatives in the Christian ranks. "There were years of toiling and being called the devil," said Reynosa. "We are ministers of the gospel, but we just happen to rap."
Virgohamna
Virgohamna (English: Virgo Bay) is a small bay on the northern coast of Danes Island, an island off the northwestern coast of Spitsbergen.  Spitsbergen and Danes Island are islands of the Svalbard archipelago. The bay is named after SS Virgo, the vessel of Swedish engineer and explorer Salomon August Andrée's 1896 expedition.  Virgohamna is located across a small strait from Smeerenburg, a historical whaling station on Amsterdam Island about 2 km to the north.

Smeerenburg
Smeerenburg was a whaling station on Amsterdam Island in northwest Svalbard. It was founded by the Danish and Dutch in 1619 as one of Europe's northernmost outposts. With the local bowhead whale population soon decimated and whaling developed into a pelagic industry, Smeerenburg was abandoned around 1660.
Vermont Route 58
Vermont Route 58 (VT 58) is a 30.908-mile (49.742 km) east–west state highway in Franklin and Orleans counties in northern Vermont, United States. The western terminus of the route is at VT 118 in Montgomery. The eastern terminus of VT 58 is at VT 5A north of Westmore and Lake Willoughby. In Orleans, VT 58 runs concurrent to U.S. Route 5 (US 5) for a short distance, interchanging with Interstate 91 (I-91) at exit 26 during that interval. The portion of VT 58 west of VT 100 in Lowell is town-maintained. This section is a dirt road and is closed during the winter months because it goes through Hazens Notch.

Vermont Route 100
Vermont Route 100 (VT 100) is a north–south state highway in Vermont in the United States. Running through the center of the state, it travels nearly the entire length of Vermont and is 216.666 miles (349 km) long. VT 100 is the state's longest numbered highway of any type.
Weather stick
A weather stick is a traditional means of weather prediction used by some Native Americans. It consists of a balsam fir or birch rod mounted outdoors which twists upwards in low humidity and downwards in high-humidity environments. These sticks were first used by the Native Americans of the American northeast and the Canadian east and southeast, who noted the behavior of dry branches before the arrival of weather changes. The weather stick is a rare example of a weather prediction tool that predates the mercury barometer

Barometer
A barometer is a scientific instrument that is used to measure air pressure. Pressure tendency, which is derived from barometric readings, can forecast short term changes in the weather. Many measurements of air pressure are used within surface weather analysis to help find surface troughs, pressure systems and frontal boundaries.

Barometers and pressure altimeters (the most basic and common type of altimeter) are essentially the same instrument, but used for different purposes. A pressure altimeter is used to estimate altitude by measuring the pressure of the atmosphere surrounding the altimeter and comparing the result to the expected atmospheric pressure at various altitudes, while a barometer is kept at a constant altitude and measures subtle pressure changes caused by weather and elements of weather.  The average atmospheric pressure on the Earth's surface varies between 940 and 1040 hPa (mbar). The average atmospheric pressure at sea level is 1013 hPa (mbar).
Fokker T.VIII
The Fokker T.VIII is a twin-engined torpedo bomber and aerial reconnaissance floatplane designed and manufactured by the Dutch aviation company Fokker.

It was developed in the late 1930s as a successor to the Fokker T.IV. While the Dutch Naval Aviation Service had originally intended to use it in home waters and in the Dutch East Indies, the Second World War broke out as production was beginning to meet these needs. The Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Luftwaffe operated small numbers of the type.

Fokker T.IV
The Fokker T.IV was a Dutch torpedo bomber/maritime reconnaissance floatplane of the 1920s and 1930s.  First flying in 1927, it served with the Dutch Naval Aviation Service in the Dutch East Indies until the remaining aircraft were destroyed during the Japanese invasion in 1942.
The Empire (Indian TV series)
The Empire is an Indian period drama television series created by Nikkhil Advani and directed by Mitakshara Kumar based on the novel series Empire of the Moghul by Alex Rutherford for Disney+ Hotstar. The series was premiered on Disney+ Hotstar on 27 August 2021.

The first season of the series opened generally favourable reviews with praise for the show's visuals, sets, costumes and the performance of the main cast, with a positive consensus on Shabana Azmi's portrayal of Ësan Dawlat and criticism for poor VFX in a few scenes.

Aisan Daulat Begum
Aisan Daulat Begum (died June, 1505, other spellings Ehsan Daulat, Isan Daulat, Ësan Dawlat) was the first wife and chief consort of Yunus Khan of Moghulistan. She was the mother of Qutlugh Nigar Khanum, and hence the grandmother of the first Mughal emperor, Babur. During the reign of her grandson, she functioned as his de facto regent and advisor, from 1494 to 1505.
Battle of Suldouze
The Battle of Suldouze (8–13 April 1918) was a military engagement between the Assyrian Volunteers led by Agha Petros And the Ottoman soldiers led by Kheiri Bey who were stationed in Suldouze. 1,500 Assyrian horsemen overcame the far larger Ottoman force of over 8,000.

Assyrian volunteers
The Assyrian volunteers were an ethnic Assyrian military force during WW1, led mainly by General Agha Petros Elia of Baz and several tribal leaders known as Maliks (Syriac: ܡܠܟ) under the spiritual leadership of the Catholicos-Patriarch Mar Shimun Benyamin allied with the Entente Powers described by the English pastor and author William A. Wigram as Our Smallest Ally. The Assyrian volunteers were described as "The Christian army of Revenge" by the British Major E.W.C. Noel.
John Mercer Johnson
John Mercer Johnson (October 1818 – November 8, 1868) was a Canadian lawyer and politician from the Province of New Brunswick, and a Father of Confederation. He represented Northumberland in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1850 to 1865, and again from 1866 to 1867, each time elected as a candidate aligned with the liberal movement. Johnson was appointed to the Executive Council of New Brunswick and became the province's solicitor general, postmaster, minister without portfolio and attorney general. He attended all three conferences for Canadian Confederation and supported Canada's creation. In the first parliament for the country of Canada, Johnson was elected to represent Northumberland, serving in the role from 1867 to 1868 as a Liberal member. Plaques have been erected in his honour in Chatham, his hometown, and a mountain in Northumberland county was named for him.

Fathers of Confederation
The Fathers of  Confederation are the 36 people who attended at least one of the Charlottetown Conference of 1864 (23 attendees), the Quebec Conference of 1864 (33 attendees), and the London Conference of 1866 (16 attendees), preceding Canadian Confederation.  Only twelve people attended all three conferences.
Toe ring
A toe ring is a ring made out of metals and non-metals worn on any of the toes.  The second toe of either foot is where they are worn most commonly. This is because proportionately it is the longest toe and thus the easiest toe to put a ring on and stay without being connected to anything else. In most western countries they are a relatively new fashion accessory,  and typically have no symbolic meaning. They are usually worn with barefoot sandals, anklets, bare feet or flip flops.

Like finger rings, toe rings come in many shapes and forms, from intricately designed flowers embedded with jewels to simple bands. Fitted toe rings are rings that are of one size, whereas adjustable toe rings have a gap at the bottom so they can be easily made to fit snugly.

Toe
Toes are the digits of the foot of a tetrapod. Animal species such as cats that walk on their toes are described as being digitigrade. Humans, and other animals that walk on the soles of their feet, are described as being plantigrade; unguligrade animals are those that walk on hooves at the tips of their toes.
Ring chromosome 22
Ring chromosome 22, also known as ring 22, is a rare chromosomal disorder. Ring chromosomes occur when the ends of a chromosome lose material and fuse into a ring shape; in the case of ring 22, this occurs for chromosome 22, the last numbered human autosome. Ring chromosome 22 is marked by a number of consistent traits, such as intellectual disability, speech delay, hypotonia, and hyperactivity. The condition has a similar phenotype to Phelan-McDermid syndrome, as the loss of the SHANK3 gene is implicated in both.

Ring chromosome
A ring chromosome is an aberrant chromosome whose ends have fused together to form a ring. Ring chromosomes were first observed in Drosophila by Lilian Vaughan Morgan in 1926 and in maize by Barbara McClintock in 1931. A ring chromosome is denoted by the symbol r in human genetics and R in Drosophila genetics. Ring chromosomes may form in cells following genetic damage by mutagens like radiation, but they may also arise spontaneously during development.
Bexley (UK Parliament constituency)
Bexley was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Bexley district of what is now southeast London, which existed from 1945 to 1974. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the UK Parliament.

Its most famous MP was Edward Heath, who held the seat from 1950 until 1974, when he was re-elected in the newly-established seat of Sidcup. Heath served as Prime Minister from June 1970 to March 1974, resigning shortly after the February 1974 general election.

Sidcup (UK Parliament constituency)
Sidcup was a parliamentary constituency centred on Sidcup, an outer suburb of London in the London Borough of Bexley.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The constituency was created for the February 1974 general election, and abolished for the 1983 general election, when it was partially replaced by the Old Bexley and Sidcup constituency. It was held throughout that time by Edward Heath, who was still Prime Minister for four days between the indecisive February general election and his resignation from the post on 4 March.
Battalion Wars
Battalion Wars, released as Assault!! Famicom Wars in Japan, is a 2005 real-time tactics game developed by Kuju London and published by Nintendo for the GameCube. The player controls a vast array of units ranging from infantry, armoured divisions and aircraft, completing missions through a mixture of unit management and strategic planning. In the game's story, the player operates as a commander of a battalion, who initially take part in a conflict between two nations that culminates in an eventual alliance between them, in response to a surprise attack by a third nation.

The game received generally favourable reviews upon release, and led to the creation of a sequel, entitled Battalion Wars 2, for the Wii in 2007.

Real-time tactics
Real-time tactics (RTT) is a subgenre of tactical wargames played in real-time, simulating the considerations and circumstances of operational warfare and military tactics. It is differentiated from real-time strategy gameplay by the absence of classic resource micromanagement and base or unit building, and by the greater importance of individual units and a focus on complex battlefield tactics.
2023 Premier Volleyball League season
The 2023 Premier Volleyball League (PVL) season was the sixth season of the Premier Volleyball League. The season started on February 4, 2023 with the beginning of the 2023 First All-Filipino Conference and ended on December 16, 2023 with the conclusion of the 2023 Second All-Filipino Conference.

2023 Premier Volleyball League First All-Filipino Conference
The 2023 Premier Volleyball League First All-Filipino Conference was the fourteenth conference of the Premier Volleyball League and its fifth conference as a professional league. The tournament began on February 4, 2023, at the Smart Araneta Coliseum, Quezon City.

Formerly known as the Open Conference, the conference was rebranded as the "All-Filipino Conference" to better reflect the fact that the tournament's participation is restricted to Filipino players, including Filipino-Foreigners.
The Transformers (IDW Publishing)
The Transformers (later retitled as Transformers) is a comic book line by IDW Publishing based upon Hasbro's Transformers characters and toy line, featuring many writers and artists across multiple series. It is notable for being the longest continuously running Transformers continuity to date, beginning in October 2005 with The Transformers: Infiltration and ending in November 2018, after the six-issue Unicron event comic. The following year, it would be rebooted and succeeded by a new comic book series on 2019.

IDW lost the license rights by the end of 2022 and the license was passed to Skybound Entertainment in 2023.

The Transformers: Infiltration
The Transformers: Infiltration is a six-issue comic book mini-series, published by IDW Publishing, based on the Transformers. The series was previewed with a #0 in October 2005, formally launched with #1 in January 2006 and ended with #6 in July.

Written by long-time Transformers writer Simon Furman, it is a new origin for the Generation 1 Transformers, and also marks the beginning of the Hasbro Comic Book Universe. The element of disguise is a major focus, as the Transformers have been living unnoticed amongst humans for several years. Their first contact with humans on Earth is chronicled in this series. Most of the Transformers have updated alternate modes of current vehicles, although recognizable due to paint schemes similar to their original incarnations. The series is available in The Transformers: Volume 1.
Grain filler
A grain filler (also called pore filler or paste wood filler) is a woodworking product used to achieve a smooth-textured wood finish by filling pores in the wood grain. It is used particularly on open-grained woods such as oak, mahogany and walnut, where building up multiple layers of standard finish is ineffective or impractical.

Wood finishing
Wood finishing refers to the process of refining or protecting a wooden surface, especially in the production of furniture where typically it represents between 5 and 30% of manufacturing costs.

Finishing is the final step of the manufacturing process that gives wood surfaces desirable characteristics, including enhanced appearance and increased resistance to moisture and other environmental agents. Finishing can also make wood easier to clean and keep it sanitized, sealing pores that can be breeding grounds for bacteria. Finishing can also influence other wood properties, for example tonal qualities of musical instruments and hardness of flooring. In addition, finishing provides a way of giving low-value woods the appearance of ones that are expensive and difficult to obtain.
Ernie Clark (cinematographer)
Ernie Clark, A.C.S. is an Australian cinematographer known for the feature films Peaches, Run Chrissie Run! and Robbery Under Arms.  He is currently President of the South Australian Branch of the Australian Cinematographers Society and Assistant Treasurer on the Federal Executive.  He was inducted into the A.C.S. Hall of Fame in 2006.

Australian Cinematographers Society
The Australian Cinematographers Society (ACS) is a not-for-profit organisation founded in 1958 for the purpose of providing a forum for Australian cinematographers to further develop their skills through mutual co-operation.
Yellow River civilization
Yellow River civilization, Huanghe civilization or Huanghe Valley civilization (Chinese: 黃河文明), Hwan‐huou civilization is an ancient Chinese civilization that prospered in the middle and lower basin of the Yellow River. Agriculture was started in the flood plain of the Yellow River, and before long, through flood control and the irrigation of the Yellow River, cities were developed and political power found reinforcement. One of the "four major civilizations of the ancient world", it is often included in textbooks of East Asian history, but the idea of including only the Yellow River civilization as one of the four biggest ancient civilizations has become outdated as a result of the discovery of other early cultures in China, such as the Yangtze and Liao civilizations. The area saw the Yangshao and Longshan cultures of the Neolithic era and developed into the bronze ware culture of the Shang and Zhou dynasties.

Yangshao culture
The Yangshao culture (Chinese: 仰韶文化; pinyin: Yǎngsháo wénhuà) was a Neolithic culture that existed extensively along the middle reaches of the Yellow River in China from around 5000 BC to 3000 BC. The Yangshao culture saw social and technological development in the region, with advancements in agriculture, architecture, and crafts.

The culture is named after the Yangshao site, the first excavated site of this culture, which was discovered in 1921 in the town of Yangshao in western Henan by the Swedish geologist Johan Gunnar Andersson (1874–1960). The culture flourished mainly in Henan, as well as the neighboring provinces of Shaanxi and Shanxi.

Recent research indicates a common origin and spread of the Sino-Tibetan languages with the Cishan, Yangshao and/or Majiayao cultures.
Garrido's hutia
Garrido's hutia (Capromys garridoi) is a small,  critically endangered, rat-like mammal found in coastal mangrove forests  on Cuba and nearby islands. It is rarely seen and may be extinct. It is a member of the hutia subfamily (Capromyinae), a group of rodents native to the Caribbean that are mostly endangered or extinct. The only other species in its genus, the Desmarest's hutia (Capromys pilorides), is also found only on Cuba.

Desmarest's hutia
Desmarest's hutia or the Cuban hutia (Capromys pilorides) is a stout, furry, rat-like mammal found only on Cuba and nearby islands. Growing to about 60 cm (2 ft), it normally lives in pairs and feeds on leaves, fruit, bark and sometimes small animals. It is the largest living hutia (subfamily Capromyinae), a group of rodents native to the Caribbean that are mostly endangered or extinct. Desmarest's hutia remains widespread throughout its range, though one subspecies (C. p. lewisi) native to the nearby Cayman Islands went extinct shortly after European colonization in the 1500s.