hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Comorian nationality law
Comorian nationality law is regulated by the Constitution of the Comoros, as amended; the Comorian Nationality Code, and its revisions; and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a national of the Comoros. The legal means to acquire nationality, formal legal membership in a nation, differ from the domestic relationship of rights and obligations between a national and the nation, known as citizenship. Comorian nationality is typically obtained under the principle of jus soli, i.e. by birth in the Comoros, or jus sanguinis, born abroad to parents with Comorian nationality. It can be granted to persons with an affiliation to the country, or to a permanent resident who has lived in the country for a given period of time through naturalization. The country no longer allows for nationality to be acquired through investment.

Immigrant investor programs
Immigrant investor programs are immigration programs offered by countries or territories that allow individuals to more quickly obtain residence or citizenship of a country in return for making qualifying and substantive investments. Broadly, the programs offer either citizenship by investment ("golden passport" or "cash-for-passports"), residence by investment ("golden visa"), or a hybrid with immediate residence followed by accelerated citizenship.

Program applicants must usually fulfill multiple qualification criteria. Investment can take a variety of forms including a contribution to government funds; purchase of qualifying real estate (for example, in specific government-sanctioned projects); investment in a qualifying business (for example, in a specific industry); or creation of a set number of jobs.
Anthony Bannon
Anthony Bannon (born December 6, 1943) is an arts administrator in Western New York. He served as the director of the George Eastman Museum from 1996 to 2012 as well as the executive director of the Burchfield Penney Art Center at Buffalo State College. During his tenure at the George Eastman Museum, Bannon launched programs in photo and film preservation, acquired the Technicolor and Merchant Ivory Productions archives, and established an online presence for the museum's classic images.

Bannon has lectured at museums, colleges, and festivals worldwide. He currently serves as chairman of the Lucie Awards/International Photography Awards and was awarded the Golden Career Award in 2007 by the FOTOfusion Festival of Photography & Digital Imaging for his “far-reaching leadership and scholarship in the cultural community.”

Buffalo State University
The State University of New York Buffalo State University (colloquially referred to as Buffalo State University, SUNY Buffalo State, Buffalo State, or simply Buff State) is a public university in Buffalo, New York. It is part of the State University of New York (SUNY) system. Buffalo State University was founded in 1871 as the Buffalo Normal School to train teachers. It offers 79 undergraduate majors with 11 honors options, 11 post baccalaureate teacher certification programs, and 64 graduate programs.
Pablo Donoso
Pablo Donoso Prado (born December 3, 1984) is a Chilean former professional racing driver. He began racing at nine years of age. He raced in the Firestone Indy Lights Series and passed the Rookie Test for the Indy Racing League IndyCar Series on February 29, 2008 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.

Indy NXT
Indy NXT (pronounced "Indy Next"), previously Indy Lights, is an American developmental automobile racing series sanctioned by IndyCar, currently known as INDY NXT by Firestone for sponsorship reasons. Indy NXT is the highest step on the Road to Indy, a program of racing series leading up to the IndyCar Series.

A similar series named Indy Lights filled the developmental role for the CART series, and ran from 1986 to 1993 as the American Racing Series and Dayton Indy Lights from 1991 to 2001. The current IndyCar sanctioned series was founded in 2002 as the Infiniti Pro Series as a way to introduce new talent to IndyCar, with the moniker Indy Lights returning in 2008 when CART and IndyCar unified. The Indy Lights champion was awarded a $1M scholarship toward the IndyCar Series, and guaranteed three races including the Indianapolis 500 during this time. For 2023, Penske Entertainment announced a rebranding to the name Indy NXT.
Springwater Corridor
The Springwater Corridor Trail is a bicycle and pedestrian rail trail in the Portland metropolitan area in Oregon, United States. It follows a former railway line from Boring through Gresham to Portland, where it ends south of the Eastbank Esplanade. Most of the corridor, about 21 miles (34 km) long, consists of paved, off-street trail, though about 1 mile (1.6 km) overlaps city streets in Portland's Sellwood neighborhood. A large segment roughly follows the course of Johnson Creek and crosses it on bridges many times. Much of the corridor was acquired by the City of Portland in 1990; remaining segments were acquired by Metro thereafter.

The trail is part of the Portland area's 40-Mile Loop trail system.  It connects to many adjacent or nearby parks, including Tideman Johnson Natural Area, Powell Butte, and others.

Sellwood-Moreland, Portland, Oregon
Sellwood-Moreland is a neighborhood on a bluff overlooking the Willamette River in Southeast Portland, Oregon, bordering Brooklyn to the north, Eastmoreland to the east, and the city of Milwaukie to the south. The neighborhood is linked to Southwest Portland across the Willamette River by the Sellwood Bridge, the southernmost of Portland's bridges.
Niiya Domain
Niiya Domain (新谷藩, Niiya-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now western Ehime Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was centered around Niiya jin'ya in what is now part of the city of Ōzu, Ehime, and was ruled throughout its history by a cadet branch of tozama daimyō Katō clan. Niiya Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Ehime Prefecture.

Abolition of the han system
The abolition of the han system (廃藩置県, haihan-chiken) in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (大名, daimyō, feudal lords) were required to return their authority to the Emperor Meiji and his house. The process was accomplished in several stages, resulting in a new centralized government of Meiji Japan and the replacement of the old feudal system with a new oligarchy.
Micro TDH
Fernando Daniel Morillo Rivas (born April 14, 1999), known professionally as Micro TDH, is a Venezuelan singer, rapper and songwriter. He was awarded at the Union Rock Show Awards as "Mejor artista revelación" in 2016.

Known for singles like "Cafuné", "Bésame sin sentir", "Aquí Estoy", among others. He gained greater popularity internationally thanks to his collaboration on the song "Te vi" with the Colombian group Piso 21, "Demasiado Tarde" as a duet with Lenny Tavárez, "Dime Cuantas Veces Remix" with Rels B, Lenny Tavárez & Justin Quiles, and his single with Myke Towers, "El Tren".

Rels B
Daniel Heredia Vidal (born 18 October 1993), known professionally as Rels B, is a Spanish rapper, songwriter and record producer. He is considered one of the great rising stars of the Spanish urbano music.

His breakthrough single "A mí" received a significant popularity in Spain. On streaming platforms the song became his most listened track. During his career, Rels B had commercial success multiple times with songs like "¿Cómo dormiste?", "Mi luz" and "Mi amor" with singer Aitana, all of them reaching the top 10 in Spain.
Maya the Bee (film)
Maya the Bee (promoted theatrically as Maya the Bee Movie) is a 2014 animated adventure comedy film directed by Alexs Stadermann, loosely based on the 1975 anime Maya the Bee as well as indirectly on the German children's book The Adventures of Maya the Bee by Waldemar Bonsels. The first animated film in the Maya the Bee franchise, it was produced by Studio 100 Animation and Buzz Studios, and distributed by StudioCanal in Australia and by Universum Film in Germany. It features the voices of Coco Jack Gillies, Kodi Smit-McPhee, Noah Taylor, Richard Roxburgh, Jacki Weaver, Justine Clarke, The Umbilical Brothers, and Miriam Margolyes.

Maya the Bee was released theatrically on 4 September 2014. The film received mixed reviews from critics, but grossed $29.6 million worldwide. Two sequels to Maya the Bee were released: The Honey Games in 2018, The Golden Orb in 2021, and an upcoming spin-off titled Arnie & Barney scheduled for 2026.

The Umbilical Brothers
The Umbilical Brothers are an Australian comedy duo formed in 1988, consisting of David Collins and Shane Dundas. Their performances heavily feature physical comedy and surreal elements. Stage shows by the Umbilical Brothers include Heaven by Storm (1996), Thwack (1999), SpeedMouse (2001), Don't Explain (2007), and Kidshow: Not Suitable For Children (2015).

In 2006, Collins and Dundas created and starred in a children's comedy series called The Upside Down Show, which won a Daytime Emmy Award and a Logie Award for Most Outstanding Children's Program. The series was inspired by the Umbilical Brothers' adult-oriented comedy act SpeedMouse.

The duo's other television appearances include regular skits on The Sideshow and guest performances on the Late Show with David Letterman, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, and Rove.
Jack Ginnivan
Jack Ginnivan (/ˈɡɪnɪˌvən/; born 9 December 2002) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the Hawthorn Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He previously played for the Collingwood Football Club, where he was an AFL premiership player in 2023.

2023 AFL Grand Final
The 2023 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football match contested between the Collingwood Football Club and the Brisbane Lions at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on Saturday, 30 September 2023. It was the 128th annual grand final of the Australian Football League (AFL), staged to determine the premiers for the 2023 AFL season. The match, attended by a capacity crowd of 100,024 spectators, was won by Collingwood by a margin of four points, marking the club's sixteenth VFL/AFL premiership and tying the record held jointly by Carlton and Essendon. Collingwood's Bobby Hill won the Norm Smith Medal as the player judged best on ground.
Generalized Verma module
In mathematics, generalized Verma modules are a generalization of a (true) Verma module, and are objects in the representation theory of Lie algebras. They were studied originally by James Lepowsky in the 1970s. The motivation for their study is that their homomorphisms correspond to invariant differential operators over generalized flag manifolds. The study of these operators is an important part of the theory of parabolic geometries.

James Lepowsky
James Lepowsky (born July 5, 1944) is a professor of mathematics at Rutgers University, New Jersey. Previously he taught at Yale University. He received his Ph.D. from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1970 where his advisors were Bertram Kostant and Sigurdur Helgason. Lepowsky graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1961, 16 years after Kostant.   His current research is in the areas of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras and vertex algebras. He has written several books on vertex algebras and related topics. In 1988, in a joint work with Igor Frenkel and Arne Meurman, he constructed the monster vertex algebra (also known as the Moonshine module). His PhD students include Stefano Capparelli, Yi-Zhi Huang, Haisheng Li, Arne Meurman, and Antun Milas.

In 2012, he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.
Dexter Peter
Dexter Peter (born 9 January 1996) is an English footballer who plays as a centre-back for Isthmian League South East Division club Faversham Town.

A product of the Millwall Academy, Peter was released in February 2015, going on to play for Merstham and then Chelmsford City. He joined Colchester United's Academy in June 2016, and made his first-team debut in August 2016. He was released by Colchester in May 2017 and then joined Concord Rangers. In September 2017, he signed for Maldon & Tiptree and in February 2018 signed for Thurrock.

Colchester United F.C. Under-23s and Academy
Colchester United Football Club Under-23s are the under-23 team of Colchester United Football Club. They play in the South Division of the Professional U21 Development League 2, the second tier of reserve football in England. The team mostly consists of the club's under-23 players, although senior players have occasionally made appearances for the side, for instance, during recovery from injury. The team are coached by  Richard Hall.

Colchester United Football Club Academy are the youth team of Colchester United Football Club. They play in the South Division of the Professional U18 Development League 2, the second tier of youth football in England. The team are coached by Liam Bailey.

The under-23 team play their home games at either the Colchester Community Stadium or the club's training ground, Florence Park in Tiptree. The under-18's also use Florence Park for their home matches.
Beta Test (Star Trek: Starfleet Academy)
"Beta Test" is the second episode of the first season of the American science fiction teen drama television series Star Trek: Starfleet Academy. The episode was written by showrunner Noga Landau and Jane Maggs, and directed by executive producer Alex Kurtzman. Part of Kurtzman's expanded Star Trek Universe, the series takes place in the 32nd century, the far-future time period that was introduced in Star Trek: Discovery and follows the first new class of Starfleet cadets in over a century as they come of age and train to be officers.

The episode was released on Paramount+ on January 15, 2026, alongside the pilot episode "Kids These Days". In the episode, the academic year begins as Caleb remains unsure about his future at Starfleet Academy but, when a delegation from Betazed, a former Federation ally, arrives and Caleb is tasked with showing their leader's daughter around campus, he must put his uncertainty aside in order to ensure negotiations are successful.

United Federation of Planets
In the fictional universe of Star Trek, the United Federation of Planets (UFP) is the interstellar government with which, as part of its space force Starfleet, most of the characters and starships of the franchise are affiliated. Commonly called "the Federation", it was introduced in the original Star Trek television series. The survival, success, and growth of the Federation and its principles of freedom have become some of the Star Trek franchise's central themes.

The Federation is an organization of numerous planetary sovereignties, including Earth and Vulcan. The franchise focuses on Starfleet, the exploration and defense arm of the Federation, rather than the Federation's government. Viewers are rarely given details of the internal workings of the government; however, many episodes refer to the rules and laws that the Federation imposes on the characters and their adventures.
2nd Battalion, 5th Marines
2nd Battalion 5th Marines (2/5 or "Two Five") is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps consisting of approximately 800 marines and sailors. They are based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California and fall under the command of the 5th Marine Regiment and the 1st Marine Division. The battalion has seen combat in World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War and the Gulf War and has deployed many times in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom and the war on terror.

2/5 is the most highly decorated battalion in the Marine Corps, and their motto, "Retreat, Hell!", comes from the French trenches of World War I, when a Marine officer named Lloyd W. Williams was advised by a French officer to retreat and replied, "Retreat? Hell, we just got here!"

1st Marine Division
The 1st Marine Division (1st MARDIV) is a Marine division of the United States Marine Corps headquartered at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. It is the ground combat element of the I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF).

It is the oldest and largest active duty division in the United States Marine Corps, representing a combat-ready force of 22,000 personnel. It is one of three active duty divisions in the Marine Corps today and is a multi-role, expeditionary ground combat force. It is nicknamed "The Old Breed".
Paris's 20th constituency (1988–2012)
Paris's 20th constituency was one of the 21 French National Assembly constituencies
in the Paris department in the period 1988 to 2012.  The constituency covered three districts of the 19th arrondissement: Pont-de-Flandres, Amérique and Combat.

It was created by the 1986 redistricting of French legislative constituencies. It was abolished in the 2010 redistricting of French legislative constituencies, which reduced the number of constituencies in Paris to 18.
The territory of the constituency, in the north-east of Paris, mostly moved to the new 16th constituency (apart from a small area of the Quartier du Combat).

Paris's 16th constituency
The 16th constituency of Paris is a French legislative constituency in Paris, which has existed since 2012. It is in the north-east of the city. It was created by the 2010 redistricting of French legislative constituencies. Before that, the 16th constituency referred to a constituency in the north-west, created by the 1986 redistricting. Before that, it was in the south of the city.
Alexa Moreno
Alexa Citlali Moreno Medina (born 8 August 1994) is a Mexican artistic gymnast. She is the 2018 World bronze medalist on vault, the first Mexican female gymnast to medal at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. She represented Mexico at the 2016 Summer Olympics where she was the second reserve for the all-around final and at the 2020 Olympics where she placed fourth in the vault final. She represented Mexico at the 2024 Summer Olympics, where she was first reserve for the vault final. She is the 2023 Pan American champion on vault. She won a silver medal on vault at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games and a bronze medal on vault at the 2010 Pacific Rim Championships. She is also a seven-time medalist on the FIG World Cup circuit. She is the 2011 Pan American Games and 2014 and 2018 Pan American Championships team bronze medalist and the 2010, 2014, and 2023 Central American and Caribbean Games team gold medalist.

Artistic gymnastics at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games
The artistic gymnastics competition of the Mayagüez 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games was held 25–30 July 2010 at the Hormigueros Gymnastics Pavilion (Spanish: Pabellón de Gimnasia, Hormigueros) in Hormigueros, Puerto Rico.
Electric Park
Electric Park is a genre of defunct amusement parks operating from the 1880s to the 1920s, to showcase the electrification of, and the advent of electricity as a utility in, the United States. Many were constructed as trolley parks and owned by electric companies and streetcar companies. After 1903, the success of Coney Island inspired a proliferation of parks named Luna Park and Electric Park, and the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 inspired the formation of White City amusement parks at about the same time. The existence of most of these parks was generally brief, roughly 15 years on average, and the bulk of them closed by 1917, when the United States entered World War I. Many of the parks' pavilions have outlasted the parks.

Luna Park
Luna Park is a name shared by dozens of currently operating and defunct amusement parks. They are named after, and partly based on, the first Luna Park, which opened in 1903 during the heyday of large Coney Island parks. Luna parks are small-scale attraction parks, easily accessed, potentially addressed to the permanent or temporary residential market, and located in the suburbs or even near the town center. Luna parks mainly offer classic funfair attractions (great wheel), newer features (electronic displays) and catering services.
Tower castle
A tower castle is a small castle that mainly consists of a fortified tower or a tower-like structure that is built on natural ground. It is thus different from the motte-and-bailey castle, which it may resemble, but whose main defensive structure is built on a motte or artificial hill. The tower castle is occasionally also described as a tower house castle or a tower house.

Sometimes, during the development of a castle, it might be converted from a tower castle to a motte-and-bailey type, if the initial, ground level site is later remodelled by the construction of an artificial mound for the keep or Bergfried. The habitable but also fortified tower castle became the permanent private residence of numerous lords during the 11th and 12th centuries.

Since many tower castles had at least a few additional structures such as a curtain wall, often only a few metres long, its overlap with  an "ordinary" castle is fluid, as is its transition to the fortified house.

Motte-and-bailey castle
A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a walled courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the Low Countries it controlled, in the 11th century, when these castles were popularized in the area that became the Netherlands. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
Tkʼemlúps te Secwépemc
Tkʼemlúps te Secwépemc (Shuswap pronunciation: [tkʼəmˈlups tə səˈxʷɛpəmx]), abbreviated TteS and previously known as the Kamloops Indian Band, is a First Nations government within the Shuswap Nation Tribal Council, which represents ten of the seventeen Secwepemc band governments, all in the southern Central Interior region, spanning the Thompson and Shuswap districts. It is one of the largest of the 17 groups into which the Secwepemc (Shuswap) nation was divided when the Colony of British Columbia established an Indian reserve system in the 1860s.

The Chief of TteS is referred to as the Kúkpi7.

Thompson River
The Thompson River is the largest tributary of the Fraser River, flowing through the south-central portion of British Columbia, Canada.  The Thompson River has two main branches, the South Thompson River and the North Thompson River. The river is home to several varieties of Pacific salmon and trout. The area's geological history was heavily influenced by glaciation, and the several large glacial lakes have filled the river valley over the last 12,000 years. Archaeological evidence shows human habitation in the watershed dating back at least 8,300 years. The Thompson was named by Fraser River explorer, Simon Fraser, in honour of his friend, Columbia Basin explorer David Thompson. Recreational use of the river includes whitewater rafting and angling.