hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Roman Hryshchenko
Roman Serhiyovych Hryshchenko (Ukrainian: Роман Сергійович Грищенко; born on 17 January 1982), is a Ukrainian politician and army officer who had served as the 15th governor of Sumy Oblast in 2020.

He headed the 127th Heavy Mechanized Brigade. He was awarded the Knight of the Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky III degree in 2022.

Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky
The Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky (Ukrainian: Орден Богдана Хмельницького, romanized: Orden Bohdana Khmelnytskoho) is a Ukrainian military award named after  Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks. The award was established on May 3, 1995 by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the end of the Second World War in Europe.
Nonce Paolini
Nonce Paolini (April 1, 1949 - July 17, 2024) was a French business executive. He was the director general and then chairman of French media company TF1 Group (the Bouygues Group being the main shareholder). He left this position in February 2016 and was succeeded by Gilles Pélisson.

He had previously served as the deputy general manager of Bouygues Telecom, France's third largest mobile phone operator and a subsidiary of the Bouygues Group.

Bouygues
Bouygues S.A. (French pronunciation: [bwiɡ]) is a French engineering group headquartered in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France. Bouygues is listed on the Euronext Paris exchange and is a blue chip in the CAC 40 stock market index. The company was founded in 1952 by Francis Bouygues and has been led by his son Martin Bouygues since 1989. Martin's older brother, Olivier Bouygues, is a board member.

The group specialises in construction (Colas Group and Bouygues Construction), real estate development (Bouygues Immobilier), media (TF1 Group), and telecommunications (Bouygues Telecom).
Raleigh City Council
The Raleigh City Council is the legislative governing body of Raleigh, the capital city of North Carolina. Operating under a council–manager form of government, the council enacts city ordinances, approves the city budget, and provides oversight of city administration.

It consists of eight members, including the mayor, with five elected from individual districts and three elected at-large. Elections are held in even-numbered years.

Council–manager government
The council–manager government is a form of local government commonly used for municipalities and counties in the United States, in Ireland, in city, district, and regional councils in New Zealand, and in Canadian municipalities. In the council-manager government, an elected city council hires a manager to serve as chief executive; this manager can be replaced by a simple majority at any time.
Old Xaverians SC
The Old Xaverians Soccer Club is an Australian semi-professional soccer club based in the Melbourne suburb of Kew East. The club was founded in February 2002 by alumni & parents of Jesuit school Xavier College with backing from the Old Xaverian Association, the Associated Old Boys Soccer Association, the school's administration, and members of Melbourne's Italian community. Under license from Football Victoria, the club fields a Senior Men's squad that competes in the Victorian Men's state league system, and operates a mixed gender youth academy. From 2012 to 2021, the club also fielded a Senior Women's squad that competed in the Victorian Women's state league system.

Italian community of Melbourne
The Italian community of Melbourne is the second largest ethnic group in Greater Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, second to the Anglo-Celtic Australians ethnic group. The 2011 Census counted
that of the 185,402 residents that were born in Italy who live in Australia, 68,823 lived in Melbourne, which was the highest percentage of the country at 37.1%. The same could be said for the total Australian population of Italian ancestry, with 279,112 of the 916,121 (30.4%) listed as Melbourne residents, which is the highest Italian population in Australia and the Oceanic continent per city.
Caribbean Star Airlines
Caribbean Star Airlines was an airline based in Antigua and Barbuda. It operated scheduled passenger services in conjunction with Leeward Islands Air Transport (LIAT) to destinations in the eastern Caribbean. Its main base was VC Bird International Airport, St John's. The company slogan was A Whole New Altitude.

V. C. Bird International Airport
V. C. Bird International Airport (IATA: ANU, ICAO: TAPA) is an international airport located on the island of Antigua, 8 km (5.0 mi) northeast of St. John's, the largest city of Antigua and Barbuda. It is the centre of aviation in the country and is the larger of its two international airports. When it was opened, Terminal A was named by Caribbean Community as the region's most modern airport. Terminal A was opened in August 2015 after a construction process that began in 2005. The airport serves as a major transport hub for the wider Leeward Islands. It connects the country with four continents and more than fifty destinations.
Jim Hannan
James John Hannan (January 7, 1940 – February 9, 2024) was an American professional baseball player who pitched in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1962 to 1971 for the Washington Senators, Detroit Tigers, and Milwaukee Brewers. Hannan co-founded the MLB Players Alumni Association and served as its first president.

Major League Baseball Players Alumni Association
The Major League Baseball Players Alumni Association (MLBPAA) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization created in 1982 by former Washington Senators player Chuck Hinton to promote the game of baseball, raise money for charities, inspire and educate youth through positive sport images, and protect the dignity of the game through former players. It has also become a central point for former MLB players to keep in contact with each other and connect with current players. Its current president is Jim Thome.
Keith Bhonapha
Keith Abu Bhonapha (born May 12, 1980) is an American football coach who is currently the running backs coach at The University of California. He played college football at Hawaii, where also began his coaching career. He has also spent time as an assistant at University of Washington and Michigan State University.

California Golden Bears football
The California Golden Bears football program represents the University of California, Berkeley, in college football as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level. They were previously a member of the Pac-12 Conference. The team plays its home games at California Memorial Stadium and was most recently coached by Justin Wilcox before his firing following the 2025 Big Game. Since beginning of play in 1886, the team has won five NCAA recognized national titles — 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1937 — and 14 conference championships, the last one in 2006. It has also produced what are considered to be two of the oddest and most memorable plays in college football: Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels' fumble recovery at the 1929 Rose Bowl and The Play kickoff return in the 1982 Big Game.
Associative visual agnosia
Associative visual agnosia is a form of visual agnosia. It is an impairment in recognition or assigning meaning to a stimulus that is accurately perceived and not associated with a generalized deficit in intelligence, memory, language or attention.  The disorder appears to be very uncommon in a "pure" or uncomplicated form and is usually accompanied by other complex neuropsychological problems due to the nature of the etiology.  Affected individuals can accurately distinguish the object, as demonstrated by the ability to draw a picture of it or categorize accurately, yet they are unable to identify the object, its features or its functions.

Prosopagnosia
Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is a cognitive disorder of face perception in which the ability to recognize familiar faces, including one's own face (self-recognition), is impaired, while other aspects of visual processing (e.g., object discrimination) and intellectual functioning (e.g., decision-making) remain intact. The term originally referred to a condition following acute brain damage (acquired prosopagnosia), but a congenital or developmental form of the disorder also exists, with a prevalence of 2–2.5%.

A common misconception is that prosopagnosics see faces' contours and details as blurry or distorted. The condition is not characterized by warped visuals. Seeing distorted faces is a common symptom of prosopometamorphopsia, not prosopagnosia.
Design
A design is the concept or proposal for an object, process, or system. The word design refers to something that is or has been intentionally created by a thinking agent, and is sometimes used to refer to the inherent nature of something – its design. The verb to design expresses the process of developing a design. In some cases, the direct construction of an object without an explicit prior plan may also be considered to be a design, such as in arts and crafts. A design is expected to have a purpose within a specific context, typically aiming to satisfy certain goals and constraints while taking into account aesthetic, functional and experiential considerations. Traditional examples of designs are architectural and engineering drawings, circuit diagrams, sewing patterns, and less tangible artefacts such as business process models.

Goal
A goal or objective is an idea of the future or desired result that a person or a group of people envision, plan, and commit to achieve. People endeavour to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines.

A goal is roughly similar to a purpose or aim, the anticipated result which guides reaction, or an end, which is an object, either a physical object or an abstract object, that has intrinsic value.
Menemerus formosus
Menemerus formosus is a species of jumping spider in the genus Menemerus that lives in Kenya. The species was first described in 1999 by Wanda Wesołowska, one of over 500 descriptions she has written during her lifetime. It is a small spider, with a brown carapace that is between 2.0 and 2.3 millimetres (0.079 and 0.091 in) long, with a darker eye field that is between 1.0 and 1.2 millimetres (0.039 and 0.047 in) long, and a yellowish abdomen between 1.9 and 2.3 millimetres (0.075 and 0.091 in) long. The female is larger than the male and has a pattern of silver patches on its abdomen. The legs are yellow. The species is similar to Menemerus bifurcus, Menemerus magnificus and Menemerus transvaalicus but differs in the design of its copulatory organs. The male has a conductor that curves over its short embolus. The female has an epigyne that has a shallow depression and a furrow with a wide pocket.

Menemerus
Menemerus is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1868. They are 4 to 10 millimetres (0.16 to 0.39 in) long, flattened in shape, and very hairy, usually with brown and grayish hairs. Most species have white edges on the thorax. The abdomen is often oval, or sometimes elongated or rounded.
Upper Merion Township, Pennsylvania
Upper Merion Township is a township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 33,613 at the 2020 U.S. Census. Located 16 miles (26 km) from Philadelphia, it consists of the villages of Gulph Mills, King of Prussia, Swedeland, Swedesburg, and portions of Radnor, and Wayne.

The westernmost part of the township comprises the largest part of the 1,300-acre (5 km2) Valley Forge National Historical Park. The township is the home of the King of Prussia mall, the third-largest shopping mall in the United States in terms of gross leasable area. King of Prussia also contains a major office park hosting firms such as Lockheed Martin and GlaxoSmithKline.

The name Merion originates with the county of Merioneth in north Wales. Merioneth is an English-language translation of the Welsh Meirionnydd, itself named after Meirchion (or Meirion), grandson of Cunedda Wledig (b. ca. 380 A.D.), King of North Wales.

Radnor, Pennsylvania
Radnor is a community which straddles Montgomery and Delaware Counties, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located approximately 13 miles west of Philadelphia, in the Main Line suburbs. The community was named after Radnor, in Wales.

Radnor is home to Cabrini University and a large office complex by the train station. The southern portion, by Lancaster Avenue, was rapidly commercialized in the 1980s, and it is currently one of suburban Philadelphia's premier office destinations.
Vakhtang I, Prince of Mukhrani
Vakhtang I (Georgian: ვახტანგ I მუხრანბატონი, Vakhtang I Mukhranbatoni) (c. 1510 – 1 October 1580) was a Georgian tavadi ("prince") of the House of Mukhrani, a collateral branch of the royal Bagrationi dynasty of Kartli, and Prince (batoni) of Mukhrani from 1539 until his death. At the same time, he was an ex officio commander of the Banner of Shida Kartli. In the absence of his relative, King Simon I of Kartli, in the captivity in Safavid Iran, Vakhtang was installed by the nobility as a regent in opposition to the pro-Safavid regime of Daud-Khan from 1569 to 1579.

Kingdom of Kartli
The Kingdom of Kartli (Georgian: ქართლის სამეფო, romanized: kartlis samepo) was a late medieval and early modern monarchy in eastern Georgia, centred on the province of Kartli, with its capital at Tbilisi. It emerged in the process of a tripartite division of the Kingdom of Georgia in 1478 and existed, with several brief intervals, until 1762 when Kartli and the neighbouring Georgian kingdom of Kakheti were merged through dynastic succession under the Kakhetian branch of the Bagrationi dynasty. Through much of this period, the kingdom was a vassal of the successive dynasties of Iran, and to a much shorter period Ottoman Empire, but enjoyed intermittent periods of greater independence, especially after 1747.
Holy Rosary Cathedral, Kaohsiung
The Basilica Cathedral of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary (Chinese: 前金天主堂; pinyin: qiánjīn tiānzhǔ táng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng-kim thian-chu tong; officially called Chinese: 玫瑰聖母聖殿主教座堂) is the oldest Roman Catholic church and Minor Basilica in the Republic of China.  The shrine is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the venerated title of “Our Lady of Holy Rosary”. It is located in Lingya District, Kaohsiung and is the seat of the Bishop of Kaohsiung.

Pope John Paul II raised the shrine to the status of Minor Basilica via his Pontifical decree Deipara in Cælis on 22 May 1995. The decree was signed and notarized by the former Vatican Secretary of State, Cardinal Angelo Sodano.

Diocese of Kaohsiung
The Diocese of Kaohsiung (Lat: Dioecesis Kaohsiungensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the  Catholic Church in Taiwan.

The diocese has the distinction of being the first Catholic ecclesiastical territory erected on the island of Taiwan. Created as the Apostolic Prefecture of the Island of Formosa in 1913, the name was changed to the Apostolic Prefecture of Kaohsiung in 1949. In 1961, the Prefecture was elevated to a full diocese, and became a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Taipei.

The current bishop is Peter Liu Cheng-chung, appointed in January 2006. In November 2009, he was given the "ad personam" (personal) title of archbishop by Pope Benedict XVI.
Hayelom Araya
Mējeri jēnerali Hadush "Hayelom" Araya (1955–1996) was a member of the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front (TPLF), which was the leading member of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), known for his daring combat operations and leadership during the Ethiopian Civil War. While fighting as a TPLF fighter, he earned the nickname Hayelom, "Overpowering" for his brave and daring acts.

Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front
The Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ሕዝቦች አብዮታዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ግንባር, romanized: Ye’Ītiyop’iya Ḥizibochi Ābiyotawī Dīmokirasīyawī Ginibari) was an ethnic federalist political coalition in Ethiopia that existed from 1988 to 2019. It consisted of four political parties: Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP) and Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM). After leading the overthrow of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, it dominated Ethiopian politics from 1991 to 2019. In November 2019, the EPRDF was dissolved, and Prime Minister and EPDRF chairman Abiy Ahmed merged three of the constituent parties (not including the TPLF) into his new Prosperity Party, which was officially founded on 1 December 2019.
1915 Alberta liquor plebiscite
The 1915 Alberta liquor plebiscite was the first plebiscite to ask Alberta voters to decide on a public issue. The 1915 question was whether Alberta should implement prohibition by ratifying the proposed Liquor Act. The plebiscite was the culmination of years of lobbying by the province's temperance movements and agricultural groups, and was forced by the submission of a 24,000-name petition under a recently implemented direct democracy law, the Direct Legislation Act. Alberta voters voted in favour of prohibition, which was implemented eleven months after the vote. The June 21, 1915 plebiscite was the first of three province-wide plebiscites held in a seven-year period related to liquor in Alberta.

Direct democracy
Direct democracy or pure democracy is a form of democracy in which the electorate directly decides on policy initiatives, without elected representatives as proxies, as opposed to the representative democracy model which occurs in the majority of established democracies. The theory and practice of direct democracy and participation as its common characteristic constituted the core of the work of many theorists, philosophers, politicians, and social critics, such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, John Stuart Mill, and G.D.H. Cole.
Bob Armstrong (American football)
Robert Alva Armstrong Jr. (February 16, 1909 – February 28, 1990) was an American professional football player who spent two seasons with the Portsmouth Spartans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Rice and Missouri.

Missouri Tigers football
The Missouri Tigers football program represents the University of Missouri (often referred to as Mizzou) in college football, the Tigers are members in Southeastern Conference (SEC) of the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).
De Roiste v Minister for Defence
De Róiste v Minister for Defence, [2001] 1 IR190, [2001] IESC 4; [2001] 2 ILRM 241, was an Irish Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the extended delay (three decades in this case) in bringing forward an action was grounds for dismissal of charges.

Supreme Court of Ireland
The Supreme Court of Ireland (Irish: Cúirt Uachtarach na hÉireann) is the highest judicial authority in Ireland. It is a court of final appeal and exercises, in conjunction with the Court of Appeal and the High Court, judicial review over Acts of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament). The Supreme Court also has appellate jurisdiction to ensure compliance with the Constitution of Ireland by governmental bodies and private citizens. It sits in the Four Courts in Dublin.
Hong Seok-jae
Hong Seok-jae (Korean: 홍석재; born 1983) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. Hong wrote and directed his thriller feature debut Socialphobia (2015), which won the NETPAC Award and DGK Award for Best Director at the 19th Busan International Film Festival in 2014, and the Best New Director and Best New Actor (for Byun Yo-han) at the 24th Buil Film Awards in 2015. His short film Keep Quiet (2011) won the Special Jury Prize and I love Shorts! Audience Award at the Mise-en-scène Short Film Festival in 2012.

24th Buil Film Awards
The 24th Buil Film Awards (Korean: 부일영화상) ceremony was hosted by the Busan-based daily newspaper Busan Ilbo. It was held on October 2, 2015 at the Haeundae Grand Hotel's Grand Ballroom in Busan and was emceed by actors Kwon Hae-hyo and Cho Soo-hyang.
Wendy de Berger
Margarita Wendy Widmann Lagarde de Berger (born 11 August 1946) is a Guatemalan psychologist who served as the first lady of Guatemala from 2004 to 2008 as the wife of President Óscar Berger. She studied sociology at Trinity Washington University in Washington, D.C.

Óscar Berger
Óscar José Rafael Berger Perdomo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈoskaɾ xoˈse rafaˈel βeɾˈʃe peɾˈðomo];  born 11 August 1946) is a Guatemalan businessman and politician who served as the 46th president of Guatemala from 2004 to 2008. He previously served as mayor of Guatemala City from 1991 to 1999.
Peter F. Flaherty
Peter Francis Flaherty (June 25, 1924 – April 18, 2005) was an American politician and attorney. He served as assistant district attorney of Allegheny County from 1957 to 1964, a member of the Pittsburgh City Council from 1966 to 1970, the 54th mayor of Pittsburgh from 1970 to 1977, United States deputy attorney general during the Carter administration from 1977 to 1978, and county commissioner of Allegheny County from 1984 to 1996.

United States Deputy Attorney General
The United States deputy attorney general is the second-highest-ranking official in the United States Department of Justice and oversees the day-to-day operation of the department. The deputy attorney general acts as attorney general during the absence of the attorney general.

The deputy attorney general is a political appointee of the president of the United States and takes office after confirmation by the United States Senate. The position was created in 1950.
Third Lee Hsien Loong Cabinet
The Third Cabinet of Lee Hsien Loong of the Government of Singapore came into existence on 21 May 2011 following the 2011 general election. While many of its members were retained from the previous government, Heng Swee Keat and Chan Chun Sing, who had both just been elected, were given ministerial appointments.

With effect from 1 August 2012, Grace Fu became only the second woman in Singapore's history to be made a full minister by being appointed a Minister in the Prime Minister's Office. (The first was Lim Hwee Hua.) From 1 November, Chan Chun Sing assumed the designation of Acting Minister for Social and Family Development, while Lawrence Wong was brought into the Cabinet for the first time as Acting Minister for Culture, Community and Youth.

Ministry of Social and Family Development
The Ministry of Social and Family Development (MSF; Malay: Kementerian Pembangunan Sosial dan Keluarga; Chinese: 社会及家庭发展部; Tamil: சமுதாய, குடும்ப மேம்பாட்டு அமைச்சு) is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies related to the community infrastructure, programmes and services in Singapore.
Duros (food)
Duros de harina (also known as pasta para duros, duritos, durros, pasta para durito, chicharrones, churritos, Mexican wagon wheels or pin wheels) are a popular Mexican snack food made of puffed wheat, often flavored with chili and lemon.

When cooked, duros have a light, airy consistency similar to chicharrones. Although both foods contain comparable amounts of fat, chicharrones contain more protein while duros are mainly carbohydrates, as they consist of wheat flour, with added corn starch, salt and baking soda to aid even expansion during cooking.

Duros are sometimes sold by street vendors and can also be purchased in their uncooked pasta-like form at many Mexican grocery stores; they are commonly made in 1-inch-square pieces and round wagon wheel shapes, but they also come in many various sizes of strips and squares.

Lemon
The lemon (Citrus × limon) is a species of small evergreen tree in the Citrus genus of the flowering plant family Rutaceae. A true lemon is a hybrid of the citron and the bitter orange. Its origins are uncertain, but some evidence suggests lemons originated during the 1st millennium BC in what is now northeastern India. Some other citrus fruits are called lemon.

The yellow fruit of the lemon tree is used throughout the world, primarily for its juice. The pulp and rind are used in cooking and baking. The juice of the lemon is about 5–6% citric acid, giving it a sour taste. This makes it a key ingredient in drinks and foods such as lemonade and lemon meringue pie.

In 2024, world production was 23 million tonnes, led by India and Mexico with 31% of the total.