hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
How to Read a Book
How to Read a Book is a book by the American philosopher Mortimer J. Adler. Originally published in 1940, it was heavily revised for a 1972 edition, co-authored by Adler with editor Charles Van Doren. The 1972 revision gives guidelines for critically reading good and great books of any tradition. In addition, it deals with genres (including, but not limited to, poetry, history, science, and fiction), as well as inspectional and syntopical reading.

Mortimer J. Adler
Mortimer Jerome Adler (/ˈædlər/; December 28, 1902 – June 28, 2001) was an American philosopher, educator, encyclopedist, author, and lay theologian. His philosophical work was situated within the Aristotelian and Thomistic traditions. Adler taught at Columbia University and the University of Chicago, served as chairman of the board of editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, and founded the Institute for Philosophical Research.

He resided for extended periods in New York City, Chicago, San Francisco, and San Mateo, California.
Llangeinor
Llangeinor (Welsh: Llangeinwyr) is a small village (and community council electoral ward) located in the Garw Valley around 5 miles (8 km) north of Bridgend in Bridgend County Borough, Wales. The ward population taken at the 2011 census was 1,243. The entire village is now protected as part of a conservation area.

Bridgend
Bridgend (English:  /brɪˈdʒɛnd/; Welsh: Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr or just Pen-y-bont, meaning "the end of the bridge on the Ogmore") is a town in the Bridgend County Borough of Wales, 20 miles (32 km) west of Cardiff and 20 miles (32 km) east of Swansea.  The town is named after the medieval bridge over the River Ogmore. The River Ewenny also flows through the town. The population was 49,597 in 2021. Bridgend is within the Cardiff Capital Region which in 2019 had a population of approximately 1.54 million.

Historically a part of Glamorgan, Bridgend has greatly expanded in size since the early 1980s – the 2001 census recorded a population of 39,429 for the town.
Abdul Hapidz
Abdul Hapidz bin Haji Abdul Razak (August 1930 – 2022) was a Bruneian aristocrat, politician and businessman. He served as vice president of the Partai Rakyat Brunei (PRB) during the 1962 Brunei revolt and later led the Brunei People's Independence Party (BAKER) as its president from 1966 to 1969. In 1962, he was reportedly the richest man in Brunei after Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III.

After leaving politics, he shifted his focus to business, becoming involved in the corporate sector. He served as the managing director of Abdul Razak Holdings (ARH), one of Brunei's largest real estate developers. Additionally, he was the president of the Brunei Malay Chamber of Commerce and Industry (DPPMB) from 1964 to 1999 and the director of Laksamana College of Business (LCB) from 2003 until 2022.

Brunei People's Independence Party
Brunei People's Independence Party or natively known as the Parti Barisan Kemerdekaan Rakyat (BAKER), was a political party in Brunei that emerged as a vocal advocate for the country's independence from British protection, parliamentary democracy and national sovereignty. Formed during a period of constitutional debate and political uncertainty, BAKER sought to accelerate Brunei's path to sovereignty and push for greater political representation. The party actively engaged in discussions with the British government and challenged the government's cautious approach to constitutional reforms. Despite its initial momentum, BAKER struggled to gain widespread electoral support, and internal fractures weakened its influence. Following Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah's ascension in 1967 and a series of political setbacks, the party's operations gradually declined, leading to its eventual dissolution by 1985.
2023 DoorDash 250
The 2023 DoorDash 250 was the 14th stock car race of the 2023 NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the inaugural iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, June 10, 2023, in Sonoma, California at Sonoma Raceway, a 1.99 miles (3.20 km) permanent road course. The race took the scheduled 79 laps to complete. Aric Almirola, driving for RSS Racing, would score the upset win, after taking advantage of a pit road strategy, leading the final 15 laps of the race to earn his fourth career NASCAR Xfinity Series win, his first of the season, and the first NASCAR win for RSS Racing. Kyle Larson dominated nearly the entire race, winning both stages and leading a race-high 53 laps, but ultimately fell back and finished third. To fill out the podium, A. J. Allmendinger, driving for Kaulig Racing, and Larson, driving for Hendrick Motorsports, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Aric Almirola
Aric Michael Almirola (born March 14, 1984) is an American semi-retired professional stock car racing driver. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 19 Toyota GR Supra for Joe Gibbs Racing. He has previously competed full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, as well as what is now the ARCA Menards Series, ARCA Menards Series East, and ARCA Menards Series West.
The Tom Thomson Mystery
The Tom Thomson Mystery is a book by Canadian judge William T. Little. It was published in 1970 by McGraw-Hill Ryerson.

Tom Thomson is regarded by some as Canada's most famous painter. He died in July 1917, drowning in Canoe Lake in Ontario's Algonquin Park, and was buried there. Two days later, his family sent an undertaker to exhume the body and send it back for re-burial in Leith, Ontario. In October 1956, Little and some friends decided to dig up Thomson's original burial place at Canoe Lake.

The book tells the story of Thomson's life and the discovery made by Little and his friends.

Little's book is one of several that raised the mystery of Tom Thomson’s death to public prominence in the late 1960s/early 1970s.

Death and legacy of Tom Thomson
The Canadian painter Tom Thomson died on 8 July 1917, on Canoe Lake in Algonquin Provincial Park in Nipissing District, Ontario, Canada. After Thomson drowned in the water, his upturned canoe was discovered later that afternoon and his body eight days later. Many theories regarding Thomson's death—including that he was murdered or committed suicide—have become popular in the years since his death, though these ideas lack any substantiation.

Thomson stands tall as a figure in Canadian art. His later work has had a profound influence on both the artists contemporary to him as well as those coming much later. Paintings such as The Jack Pine and The West Wind have taken a prominent place in the culture of Canada and are some of the country's most iconic pieces of art. In addition to his prominence as an artist, he has developed a reputation as an ideal Canadian outdoorsman, proficient in canoeing and fishing, though his talents in the former have come to be doubted.
Djedefre
Djedefre (also known as Djedefra and Radjedef; died c. 2558 BC) was an ancient Egyptian king (pharaoh) of the 4th Dynasty during the Old Kingdom. He is well known by the Hellenized form of his name Rhatoisēs (Ῥατοίσης) by Manetho. Djedefre was the son and immediate throne successor of Khufu, the builder of the Great Pyramid of Giza; his mother is not known for certain. He is the king who introduced the royal title Sa-Rê (meaning “Son of Ra”) and the first to connect his cartouche name with the sun god Ra.

Fourth Dynasty of Egypt
The Fourth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty IV) is characterized as a "golden age" of the Old Kingdom of Egypt. Dynasty IV lasted from c. 2613 to c. 2498 BC. It was a time of peace and prosperity as well as one during which trade with other countries is officially documented.

The Fourth Dynasty heralded the height of the pyramid-building age. The peaceful rule of the Third Dynasty allowed artistic expressions to flourish. Building experiments done by King Sneferu led to the evolution of mastaba tombs into the smooth-sided pyramids like those seen on the Giza Plateau. According to some historians, no other period in Egyptian history equaled the accomplishments achieved during the Fourth Dynasty.
Turki bin Abdullah Al Saud (born 1971)
Turki bin Abdullah Al Saud (Arabic: تركي بن عبد الله آل سعود) (born 21 October 1971) is the seventh son of former King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia and one of the grandsons of Saudi's founder King Abdulaziz. He served as deputy governor and then, governor of Riyadh Province from 2013 to 29 January 2015. He was one of the 11 princes detained in November 2017 by Mohammad bin Salman as a part of his anti-corruption drive on accusations of corruption in the Riyadh Metro project and taking advantage of his influence to award contracts to his own companies. It was reported in August 2023 that after a trial he was sentenced to 17 years in prison.

Riyadh Metro
The Riyadh Metro is a rapid transit system serving Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia. Part of the King Abdulaziz Project for Riyadh Public Transport, which also includes the Riyadh Bus, it is the longest driverless metro in the world.

The system consists of six lines connecting 85 stations spanning a combined length of 176 kilometers (109 mi). This is the second metro system in Saudi Arabia, after the Sacred Sites Metro Line in Mecca, the fourth on the Arabian Peninsula, sixth in the Arab World, and fifteenth in the Middle East. The project cost $22.5 billion to build. It was opened on December 1, 2024.
Hundred of Bagot (South Australia)
The Hundred of Bagot is a cadastral hundred in the County of Eyre in South Australia. It is located between the Mount Lofty Ranges on the west and the Murray River further to the east. The Hundred of Bagot is almost exactly spans the boundaries of the contemporary town of Sedan.

County of Eyre
The County of Eyre is one of the 49 cadastral counties of South Australia. It was proclaimed by Governor George Grey in 1842 and named for the explorer Edward John Eyre. It covers a portion of the state between the Adelaide Hills in the west and the Murray River in the east from Robertstown and Mannum on the northern boundary to Sedan and Swan Reach on the southern boundary.
Varenne (Arques)
The Varenne (French pronunciation: [vaʁɛn] ⓘ) is a river of Normandy, France, 39 kilometres (24 mi) in length, flowing through the department of Seine-Maritime. It is a tributary of the river Arques. The river is the ultimate source of the surname and given name Warren, via William de Warenne of Bellencombre castle, his hereditary seat. de Warenne was a companion of William the Conqueror and made first Earl of Surrey in 1088 as reward for his service during the Norman Conquest.

Earl of Surrey
Earl of Surrey is a title in the Peerage of England that has been created five times. It was first created for William de Warenne, a close companion of William the Conqueror. It is currently held as a subsidiary title by the Dukes of Norfolk.

The chequer arms of the Count of Vermandois were first adopted by William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey on his marriage to Elizabeth of Vermandois, Countess of Leicester, daughter to Hugh, Count of Vermandois. Similar arms were also adopted by his brother in law, the famous Crusader Ralph I de Beaugency who had married an older sister, Matilda. These arms continue to be used as the Flag of Surrey.
Doomriders
Doomriders is an American stoner/sludge metal band from Boston, Massachusetts. The band has released three albums on Deathwish, Inc. The band's vocalist/guitarist Nate Newton also plays bass in Converge and guitar in Old Man Gloom. Jebb Riley formerly played bass in There Were Wires. Doomriders have toured with Coliseum and Saviours. The band began work on their third studio album in 2011 with an expected release date in 2013 through Deathwish. Doomriders released Grand Blood on October 15, 2013.

In October 2014, Chris Pupecki and former Doomriders drummer Chris Bevilacqua released a self-titled EP through Magic Bullet Records under the name Wormwood.

Old Man Gloom
Old Man Gloom is an American post-metal band originally formed in Santa Fe, New Mexico, but now based in Massachusetts. The group, formed by Aaron Turner of Isis and Santos Montano, expanded to become a sort of supergroup in the Boston hardcore and metalcore scene.
Cai Gao
Cai Gao (1788–1818), also known as Tsae A-ko and by various other names, was the first Protestant convert in mainland China. He has also been called the first Western-style type-cutter and letterpress printer.

Liang Fa
Liang Fa (1789–1855), also known by other names, was the second Chinese Protestant convert and the first Chinese Protestant minister and evangelist. He was ordained by Robert Morrison, the first Protestant missionary in the Qing Empire. His tract Good Words to Admonish the Age was influential on Hong Xiuquan, who went on to lead the Taiping Rebellion.
Rugby League Park
Rugby League Park is a sports stadium in Christchurch, New Zealand. It is currently known for sponsorship reasons as Apollo Projects Stadium, and non-commercially as Christchurch Stadium.

The stadium was originally known as the Addington Showgrounds until 1997. Due to sponsorships since 2012 it was also named AMI Stadium and Orangetheory Stadium.

Rugby League Park is part of a complex with Wolfbrook Arena and Addington Raceway in the suburb of Addington.

Addington, New Zealand
Addington is a suburb of Christchurch, New Zealand. It is sited 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) south-west of the city centre.

As an inner city suburb, Addington has a mix of residential, retail and light industrial properties.
Uskaf
Uskāf Banī Junayd, also Iskāf, was an ancient and medieval city of Iraq, located on the Nahrawan Canal at the present site of Sumāka. In its heyday, during the Sasanian period and early Islamic caliphates, Uskaf was the largest city in the Diyala basin; however, it declined sharply after the Samarran period and was abandoned by the early 1100s.

Nahrawan Canal
The Nahrawan Canal (Persian: کانال نهروان) was a major irrigation system of the Sasanian and early Islamic periods in central Iraq, along the eastern banks of the Tigris and the lower course of the Diyala River. Created in the 6th century, it reached its peak under the Abbasid Caliphate, when it served the main water supply for the Abbasid capital of Baghdad, while the regions irrigated by it served as the city's main breadbasket. Its destruction and progressive abandonment from the mid-10th century onwards mirror the Abbasid Caliphate's decline.
Yanbian University
Yanbian University (YBU; 延边大学) is a public university at Yanji, Yanbian, Jilin, China. It is affiliated with the Province of Jilin, and co-funded by the provincial government and the Ministry of Education. The university is part of Project 211 and the Double First-Class Construction.

Double First-Class Construction
The World First-Class Universities and First-Class Academic Disciplines Construction (世界一流大学和一流学科建设), together known as Double First-Class Initiative (双一流建设), is a higher education development and sponsorship scheme of the Chinese central government, initiated in 2015. The Universities included in the Double First Class Initiative are recognized as "Double First-Class Universities". There are 147 universities and colleges selected to be part of the program.

The program was announced under the Xi Jinping administration in 2015 to replace the original higher education development programs Project 211 and Project 985.
Vivian Gadsden
Vivian Lynette Gadsden is an American psychologist who is an education researcher at the University of Pennsylvania. Her research considers the social and cultural factors that affect learning and literacy. She is interested in intergenerational learning within African-American families.

University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education
The University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education, commonly known as Penn GSE,  is the education school of University of Pennsylvania, a private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Formally established as a department in 1893 and a school at the University of Pennsylvania in 1915, Penn GSE has historically had research strengths in teaching and learning, the cultural contexts of education, language education, human development, quantitative research methods, and practitioner inquiry. Katharine Strunk is the current dean of Penn GSE; she succeeded Pam Grossman in 2023.
John Keigwin
John Keigwin (1641–1716) was a Cornish antiquary, born at Mousehole, Cornwall. He was a leading member of a group of antiquaries in west Penwith: this group also included John and Thomas Boson, William Gwavas, Thomas Tonkin, William Borlase, Oliver Pender, and James Jenkins of Alverton. His teacher was John Boson. In addition to Cornish and English, Keigwin had a command of the French, Latin, Greek and Hebrew languages.

Mousehole
Mousehole (/ˈmaʊzəl/; Cornish: Porthenys) is a village and fishing port in Cornwall, England, UK. It is approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) south of Penzance on the shore of Mount's Bay. The village is in the civil parish of Penzance. An islet called St Clement's Isle lies about 350 metres (380 yd) offshore from the harbour entrance.

Mousehole lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). 27% of Cornwall has AONB designation, with the same status and protection as a National Park.
August Weekend
August Weekend or August Week End or Week-End Madness is a 1936 American drama film directed by Charles Lamont and starring Valerie Hobson, Paul Harvey and G. P. Huntley. The screenplay was adapted by Paul Perez from a story by Faith Baldwin. It was produced by Chesterfield Motion Pictures and distributed by Grand National Distributors.

Paul Perez (screenwriter)
Paul Perez (born Paul Friedenberg) was an American screenwriter active primarily during the 1920s and 1930s; he wrote for both English- and Spanish-language films over the course of his career, and often worked on Westerns. He also had several credits as an actor and editor.
Hossein Vafaei
Hossein Vafaei (Persian: حسین وفایی; born 15 October 1994) is an Iranian professional snooker player. He is the first professional player from Iran. He won his first ranking title at the 2022 Snooker Shoot Out, beating Mark Williams 1–0 (71–0) in the final.

Vafaei made his Crucible debut at the 2022 World Snooker Championship, where he lost 4–10 to Judd Trump in the first round. He made his Masters debut at the 2023 event, replacing Zhao Xintong in the draw after the sport's governing body suspended Zhao amid a match-fixing investigation. Vafaei defeated Mark Selby 6–2 in the first round, but lost 4–6 to Jack Lisowski in the quarter-finals, despite equalling the tournament's highest break of 143 in the match.

IBSF World Snooker Championship
The IBSF World Snooker Championship (also known as the World Amateur Snooker Championship) is the premier non-professional snooker tournament in the world. The event series is sanctioned by the International Billiards and Snooker Federation. A number of IBSF champions have gone on to successful careers in the professional ranks, notably Jimmy White (1980), James Wattana (1988), Ken Doherty (1989), Stuart Bingham (1996), Marco Fu (1997), Stephen Maguire (2000) and Mark Allen (2004). Both Doherty (in 1997) and Bingham (in 2015) have gone on to win the professional World Snooker Championship.
A Kid for Two Farthings (film)
A Kid For Two Farthings is a 1955 British comedy-drama film directed by Carol Reed. The screenplay was adapted by Wolf Mankowitz from his 1953 novel of the same name. 
The title is a reference to the traditional Passover song, "Chad Gadya", which begins "One little goat which my father bought for two zuzim". At the end of the film, Mr. Kandinsky softly sings fragments of an English translation of the song.

It was one of the last films produced by Alexander Korda before his death.

Carol Reed
Sir Carol Reed (30 December 1906 – 25 April 1976) was an English film director and producer, best known for Odd Man Out (1947), The Fallen Idol (1948), The Third Man (1949), and Oliver! (1968), for which he was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director.

Odd Man Out was the first recipient of the BAFTA Award for Best British Film. The Fallen Idol won the second BAFTA Award for Best British Film. The British Film Institute voted The Third Man the greatest British film of the 20th century.
The Back Page (TV program)
The Back Page, also known as Back Page Live, was an Australian sports television show broadcast on Fox Sports on Tuesday nights between 1997 and June 2025. The show was hosted by Tony Squires, with a roster of panelists including retired Australian professional ironwoman Candice Warner, cricket writer Robert 'Crash' Craddock, broadcaster Ryan Fitzgerald and former Australian cricketer Kerry O'Keeffe.

The main content of the weekly show featured a round-up of the previous week's sporting news, and featured interviews with sporting personalities. It also covered all major Australian sports as well as international sports.

Matt Shirvington
Matt Shirvington (born 25 October 1978) is an Australian former athlete and television presenter who held the Australian 100 m national sprint title from 1998 to 2002. Shirvington is the third-fastest Australian sprinter of all time. He qualified for the 100 m semi-finals in Sydney 2000, finishing 5th.

Shirvington is currently co-host of the Seven Network's breakfast television program Sunrise alongside Natalie Barr.
E3 Saxo Bank Classic
E3 Saxo Bank Classic, previously known as E3 BinckBank Classic, E3 Harelbeke, Harelbeke–Antwerp–Harelbeke and E3-Prijs Vlaanderen, is an annual road cycling race in Flanders, Belgium. The race starts and finishes in Harelbeke mainly in the Flemish Ardennes.

First raced in 1958, it is one of the more recently founded one-day classics, but has developed into a prestigious and desirable event. It is on the UCI World Tour calendar, as part of a series of cobbled classics in Belgium and Northern France in March and April.

Belgian Tom Boonen holds the record for number of victories with five wins, trailed by cycling icon Rik Van Looy who won four times.

Paterberg
50°46′56″N 3°32′48″E﻿ / ﻿50.782343°N 3.546659°E﻿ / 50.782343; 3.546659

The Paterberg is a hill in the municipality of Kluisbergen, in the Belgian province of East Flanders. With its top at 80 m, it is one of many hill formations in the Flemish Ardennes, close to Wallonia. The slopes of the hill were unpaved until 1986, when a local farmer paved the road in cobbles because he wanted the Tour of Flanders cycling race to pass by his house. The cobbled climb became one of the iconic sites of Belgian cycling, and in 1993 the road of the Paterberg was classified as a protected monument.
Leonard J. Marcus
Leonard J. Marcus (born 1952) is an American social scientist and administrator. He is director of the Program for Health Care Negotiation and Conflict Resolution at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health at Harvard University, and founding co-director of the National Preparedness Leadership Initiative, a joint program of the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the Center for Public Leadership at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government.

Barry Dorn
Barry C. Dorn (born 1941) is an American physician who is Associate Director of the National Preparedness Leadership Initiative (NPLI), a joint program of Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health(HSPH) and the Center for Public Leadership at Harvard's John F. Kennedy School of Government and Associate Director of the Program for Health Care Negotiation and Conflict Resolution at HSPH. He is also an Instructor in Public Health Practice at HSPH and Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery at the Tufts University School of Medicine. Additionally, he served on the Faculty of Health Services at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel from 2010-2013. Formerly, he practiced at Excel Orthopedic Specialists. He retired from medical practice in 2007. Dorn is among the leaders in the development of the health care negotiation and conflict resolution field.