hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iron shirt
Iron Shirt (simplified Chinese: 铁衫; traditional Chinese: 鐵衫; pinyin: tiě shān; Cantonese: tit1 saam3) is a form of hard style martial art exercise believed to help protect the human body from impacts in a fight. This is one of the 72 arts of the Shaolin Temple. Some martial arts are based on the belief that a correctly trained body can withstand more damage than one that is untrained. Iron Shirt is said to be a series of exercises using many post stances, herbs, qigong and body movements to cause the body's natural energy (qi) to reinforce its structural strength. Practitioners believe that directing energy to parts of the body can reinforce these parts of the body to take blows against them. In the Shaolin version of Iron Shirt, the practitioner would do things such as lying on a stump or supporting tablets of granite on the chest with the goal of toughening the body.

Qi
In the Sinosphere and Chinese philosophy, qi (/ˈtʃiː/ CHEE; simplified Chinese: 气; traditional Chinese: 氣; pinyin: qì) is a vital force traditionally believed to be a part of all living entities. Literally meaning 'vapor', 'air', 'gas', or 'breath', the word qi is polysemous, often translated as 'vital energy', 'vital force', 'material energy', or simply 'energy'. Qi is also a concept in traditional Chinese medicine and in Chinese martial arts. The attempt to cultivate and balance qi is called qigong.

Believers in qi describe it as a vital force, with one's good health requiring its flow to be unimpeded. Originally prescientific, today it is a pseudoscientific concept, i.e. not corresponding to the concept of energy as used in the physical sciences.

Chinese gods and immortals, especially anthropomorphic gods, are sometimes thought to have qi and be a reflection of the microcosm of qi in humans, both having qi that can concentrate in certain body parts.
Cemîl Bayik
Cemîl Bayik (born 26 February 1955) is one of the five founders of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), and is among the organization's top leadership. He is a member of the 12-man leadership council of the Kurdistan Communities Union (Koma Civakên Kurdistan, KCK), a Kurdish political umbrella organisation that the PKK is part of. He is also part of the three-man Executive Committee of the PKK, the leading body of the organisation, which consists of himself, acting PKK leader Murat Karayilan and Fehman Huseyin from Rojava, the PKK's commander.

Murat Karayılan
Murat Karayılan (Kurdish: Mirad Qarayîlan; born 5 June 1954), also nicknamed Cemal, is one of the co-founders of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). He became the PKK's acting leader after its original founder and leader, Abdullah Öcalan, was captured in 1999 by Turkish intelligence agents. In 2014, he left the PKK leader position and was assigned as the new commander-in-chief of the PKK's armed wing, the People's Defence Forces.
BOH-2C-B
BOH-2C-B, or BOHB, also known as 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-β-hydroxyphenethylamine or as β-hydroxy-2C-B, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, 2C, and BOx families. It is the β-hydroxy derivative of 2C-B. The drug has been encountered as a novel designer drug.

2C (psychedelics)
2C (2C-x) is a general name for the family of psychedelic phenethylamines containing methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of a benzene ring. Most of these compounds also carry lipophilic substituents at the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more metabolically stable and longer acting compounds.

Most of the early 2C drugs were developed by Alexander Shulgin in the 1970s and 1980s and were reviewed in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved). 2C-B is the most popular of the 2C drugs.
Apology (Xenophon)
The Apology of Socrates to the Jury (Ancient Greek: Ἀπολογία Σωκράτους πρὸς τοὺς Δικαστάς), by Xenophon of Athens, is a Socratic dialogue about the legal defence that the philosopher Socrates presented at his trial for the moral corruption of Athenian youth; and for asebeia (impiety) against the pantheon of Athens; judged guilty, Socrates was sentenced to death.

Xenophon’s literary rendition of the defence of Socrates evinces the philosopher’s ethical opinion about a sentence of death: that it is better to die before the onset of senility than to escape death by humbling oneself to an unjust persecution.

The other extant primary source about the persons and events of the Trial of Socrates (399 BC) is the Apology of Socrates, by Plato.

Apology (Plato)
The Apology of Socrates (Ancient Greek: Ἀπολογία Σωκράτους, Apología Sokrátous; Latin: Apologia Socratis), written by Plato, is a Socratic dialogue of the speech of legal self-defence which Socrates (469–399 BC) spoke at his trial for impiety and corruption in 399 BC.

Specifically, the Apology of Socrates is a defence against the charges of "corrupting the youth" and "not believing in the gods in whom the city believes, but in other daimonia that are novel" to Athens (24b).

Among the primary sources about the trial and death of the philosopher Socrates, the Apology of Socrates is the dialogue that depicts the trial, and is one of four Socratic dialogues, along with Euthyphro, Phaedo, and Crito, through which Plato details the final days of the philosopher Socrates. There are debates among scholars as to whether we should rely on the Apology for information about the trial itself.
Sireniks
Sirenik or Sireniki (Sirenik Yupik: сиӷы́ныгмы̄́ӷий Sirenik Yupik pronunciation: [siˈʁənəɣˈməːʁij]) are an Eskaleut-speaking ethnic group of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and former speakers of a divergent Eskimo-Aleut language in Siberia, before its extinction in 1997. The total language death of this language means that now the cultural identity of Sirenik Yupik is maintained through other aspects: slight dialectal difference in the adopted Siberian Yupik language; sense of place, including appreciation of the antiquity of their settlement Sirenik.

Central Siberian Yupik language
Central Siberian Yupik (also known as Akuzipik, Yupigestun, and St. Lawrence Island Yupik, is an endangered Yupik language spoken by the Indigenous Siberian Yupik people along the coast of Chukotka in the Russian Far East and in the villages of Savoonga and Gambell on St. Lawrence Island. The language is part of the Eskimo–Aleut language family.

In the United States, the Alaska Native Language Center identified about 400–750 Yupigestun speakers, considering "dormant speakers" who understand but cannot converse. In Russia in 2021, 172 people indicated that they speak the language, while only 92 of them use it in everyday life. Thus, the total number of speakers is no more than 550–900 people.
Yalgoo bioregion
Yalgoo is an interim Australian bioregion located in Western Australia. It has an area of 5,087,577 hectares (12,571,680 acres). The bioregion, together with the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplains bioregions, is part of the larger Southwest Australia savanna ecoregion as classified by the World Wildlife Fund.

Geraldton Sandplains
Geraldton Sandplains is an interim Australian bioregion of Western Australia. It has an area of 3,142,149 hectares (7,764,420 acres). The Geraldton Sandplains is part of the larger Southwest Australia savanna ecoregion, as assessed by the World Wildlife Fund.
Rusty LaRue
Rusty LaRue (born December 10, 1973) is an American basketball coach and former professional player. He was a multi-sport athlete who played basketball, baseball, and football at Wake Forest University. LaRue played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Chicago Bulls, Utah Jazz and Golden State Warriors. He won an NBA championship with the Bulls in 1998.

LaRue began his coaching career after his playing retirement in 2004. He was an assistant coach for the Wake Forest Demon Deacons basketball team under head coaches Dino Gaudio and Jeff Bzdelik from 2009 to 2014. He served as the head coach of the West Forsyth High School basketball team since 2015. LaRue retired from coaching in 2019 and is now the Chief Operations Officer of Dairi-O Restaurants.

Dino Gaudio
Dino Joseph Gaudio (born March 30, 1957) is an American former men's college basketball coach and broadcaster who was most recently an assistant coach at the University of Louisville in Louisville, Kentucky.

Gaudio was a longtime assistant under Skip Prosser, serving under him beginning at Wheeling Central Catholic High School in West Virginia and eventually following him to Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio and later to Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina; after Prosser's death in 2007, Gaudio was hired to succeed him and remained there as head coach until 2010.

In addition to his time at Wake Forest, Gaudio also served as head coach of the boys’ basketball team Wheeling Central Catholic High School (succeeding Prosser), as well as the men's teams at the United States Military Academy in West Point, New York and Loyola University in Baltimore, Maryland (where he again succeeded Prosser).
Tourismphobia
Anti-tourist sentiment are negative attitudes toward tourism and can include discrimination. Tourismphobia can be used in the context of the rejection of overtourism, a tourism model characterised by massification and its negative consequences for the local population and workers.

Overtourism
Overtourism is congestion or overcrowding from an excess of tourists, resulting in conflicts with locals.  The World Tourism Organization defines overtourism as "the impact of tourism on a destination, or parts thereof, that excessively influences perceived quality of life of citizens and/or quality of visitor experiences in a negative way". This definition shows how overtourism can be observed both among locals, who view tourism as a disruptive factor that increasingly burdens daily life, as well as visitors, who may regard high numbers of tourists as a nuisance. Instagram tourism has been implicated as a cause.

The term was only used infrequently before 2017, but is now the most commonly used expression to describe the negative impacts ascribed to tourism.
Wick House, Richmond Hill
Wick House is a Grade II listed house in Petersham, London (historically in Surrey), located near the corner of Nightingale Lane and Richmond Hill. The painter Sir Joshua Reynolds commissioned the house from Sir William Chambers and it was completed in 1772.

Petersham, London
Petersham is a village in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames on the east of the bend in the River Thames south of Richmond, which it shares with neighbouring Ham. It provides the foreground of the scenic view from Richmond Hill across Petersham Meadows, with Ham House further along the river. Other nearby places include Twickenham, Isleworth, Teddington, Mortlake, and Roehampton.
Miss International 2010
Miss International 2010, the 50th anniversary of the Miss International pageant, was held on November 7, 2010, at the Sichuan Province Gymnasium in Chengdu, China. Miss International 2009, Anagabriela Espinoza of Mexico crowned her successor, Elizabeth Mosquera of Venezuela, at the end of the event.

Seventy contestants competed for the title, the highest turnout in the history of Miss International at the time. The contestants arrived in Shanghai on October 20 and 21, traveled to Chengdu on October 22 and returned to Shanghai after the finals.

Miss International
Miss International (Miss International Beauty or The International Beauty Pageant) is a Japan-based international major beauty pageant organized by the International Culture Association. First held in 1960, it is the fourth largest pageant in the world in terms of the number of national winners participating in the international contest.

Along with Miss World, Miss Universe, and Miss Earth, the pageant is one of the Big Four beauty pageants. The Miss International Organization and the brand are currently owned (since 1968), along with Miss International Japan, by the International Cultural Association and Miss Paris Group. The pageant crown used by the organization is supplied and patented by the Mikimoto pearl company.

In 2020 and again in 2021, the pageant was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The current Miss International is Catalina Duque of Colombia, who was crowned on 27 November 2025 in Tokyo, Japan.
Jacob Muschong
Jacob Muschong (Hungarian: Muschong Jakab, Romanian: Iacob Muschong, 1868, Nagykikinda, Austria-Hungary – 13 December 1923, Lugoj, Romania) was a Banat German industrialist, business magnate, philanthropist and investor who made a fortune producing bricks. He is also known as the Brick King. He revived the Spa of Busiasch.

Banat Swabians
The Banat Swabians are an ethnic German population in the former Kingdom of Hungary in Central-Southeast Europe, part of the culturally homogenous but geographically widespread group of Danube Swabians, and of the culturally varied Germans of Romania. They emigrated in the 18th century to what was then the Austrian Empire's Banat of Temeswar province, a province which had been left sparsely populated in the wake of the wars against the Ottoman Empire. At the end of World War I in 1918, the Swabian minority worked together with the Hungarians and Jews to establish an independent multi-ethnic Banat Republic; however, the province was divided by the Treaty of Versailles of 1919, and the Treaty of Trianon of 1920. The greater part was annexed by Romania, a smaller part by the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed Yugoslavia in 1929), with just a small region around Szeged remaining part of Hungary.
Claudia Rouaux
Claudia Rouaux (born 13 October 1963) is a French politician of the Socialist Party (PS) who became a member of the Deputy for Ille-et-Vilaine's 3rd constituency following the death of François André in 2017.

Rouaux was elected a municipal councillor for the canton of Montfort-sur-Meu in 2001 and maintained her mandate for 19 years. In 2010, she was elected as a regional councillor for Brittany.

François André
François André (19 July 1967 – 11 February 2020) was a French politician representing the Socialist Party. He was re-elected to the French National Assembly on 18 June 2017, representing the department of Ille-et-Vilaine.

He was first elected as a councilor for Rennes as part of the PS in 2001. In 2008, André was elected as the head of the Canton of Rennes-Nord-Ouest. He decided not to vote for the PS candidate in the 2017 French presidential election, Benoît Hamon, in the first round, and instead voted for Emmanuel Macron, the candidate for En Marche! He died from lung cancer on 11 February 2020, aged 52.
Resistance (Muse song)
"Resistance" is a song by English rock band Muse, featured as the title track on their fifth studio album The Resistance (2009). Written by vocalist, guitarist and pianist Matthew Bellamy, it was released as the third single from the album, following "Uprising" and "Undisclosed Desires", on 22 February 2010. The song makes several references to the novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, by George Orwell. The intro of the song is used in the trailer of the last episode of BBC show Silent Witness. In February 2010, Muse had uploaded a picture puzzle of "Resistance" artwork on their official Facebook page. The puzzle itself has a making of the "Resistance" track (which will be able to see it after solving the puzzle). The song was featured in a promo for an episode of Human Target.  The song was also released as downloadable content for the music video game Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock.

Undisclosed Desires
"Undisclosed Desires" (also known as "Undisclosed") is a song by English rock band Muse. It was released as the second single from their fifth studio album, The Resistance, on 16 November 2009. The song was written by lead vocalist Matthew Bellamy, who has described it as being "quite a personal song about me and my girlfriend." The song peaked at number 49 on the UK Singles Chart. It also achieved large success in Australia where it was certified Platinum and is Muse's highest-charting single in that country.
U.S. Route 41 in Wisconsin
U.S. Highway 41 (US 41) is a north–south highway United States Numbered Highway in eastern Wisconsin. It runs from Pleasant Prairie on the Illinois border north to Marinette on the Michigan border. Most of the route is concurrent with Interstate 41 in the state, with the exception of the portion between Howard, a suburb of Green Bay,  and Marinette.

Interstate 41
Interstate 41 (I-41) is a 175.00-mile-long (281.64 km) north–south Interstate Highway connecting the interchange of I-94 and U.S. Route 41 (US 41), located about a mile (1.6 km) south of the Wisconsin–Illinois state line at the end of the Tri-State Tollway in metropolitan Chicago, to an interchange with I-43 in metropolitan Green Bay, Wisconsin. The designation travels concurrently with US 41 for its entire length, as well as portions of I-894, US 45, I-43, and sections of I-94 in Wisconsin and Illinois. The route was officially added to the Interstate Highway System on April 7, 2015, and connects Milwaukee and Green Bay with the Fox Cities.
Texas State Highway 7
State Highway 7 (SH 7) is an east–west state highway in the U.S. state of Texas that runs from Interstate 35 at Eddy to U.S. Highway 84 about 3 miles (4.8 km) west of the Louisiana state line. Between Crockett and Nacogdoches, SH 7 passes through the Davy Crockett National Forest. Commissioned on April 4, 1917, SH 7 is one of the original state highways established in Texas, and has been re-routed several times since its original conception. In earlier years, SH 7 mostly followed present day U.S. Highway 84, U.S. Highway 67, U.S. Highway 70 among other highways between northwest Texas and the Louisiana state line. By 1939, most of the mileage belonging to SH 7 was transferred to the U.S. Highway System, leaving the highway extant only within eastern Texas. SH 7 subsequently went through several other major reroutings, truncations and extensions between 1939 and 1990, before becoming the highway it is today.

U.S. Route 84 in Texas
U.S. Route 84 (US 84) is a U.S. highway that runs from Pagosa Springs, CO to Midway, GA. In Texas, the highway enters the state from New Mexico at Farwell, near the Panhandle region. Major cities along the highway include Lubbock, Abilene, Waco and Palestine. The highway exits Texas into Louisiana near Joaquin, crossing the Toledo Bend Reservoir.
Sorullos
Sorullos are a fried cornmeal-based dish that is a staple of Puerto Rican cuisine. Sorullos are served as a side dish or as appetizers (commonly known by the diminutive form sorullitos), and are sometimes stuffed with cheese. They can be served with mayoketchup or coffee, or dusted in confectioners' sugar.

Puerto Rican cuisine
Puerto Rican cuisine consists of the cooking style and traditional dishes original to Puerto Rico. It has been primarily a fusion influenced by the ancestors of the Puerto Rican people: the indigenous Taínos, Spanish Criollos and sub-Saharan African slaves. As a territory of the United States, the culinary scene of Puerto Rico has also been moderately influenced by American cuisine.
Luganville
Luganville is the second largest city in Vanuatu after the capital Port Vila; it is located on the island of Espiritu Santo and has a population of 18,062 as of the 2020 census. Those on Vanuatu's northern islands who regard Luganville as their big city, particularly indigenous populations, call it Santo; rural residents of Espiritu Santo call it Kanal (from the former French name "Canal du Segond"). Luganville served as a major base of operations for American troops during World War II.

Boulevard Higinson, the main street that runs through Luganville, contains mainly tourist boutiques and general stores. During WWII, the Americans used the Espiritu Santo as a military base; as a result of the occupation, Boulevard Higinson is unusually wide, as a base commander insisted that four tanks should be able to drive along the road simultaneously. At one end of Higinson is the port, one of two main ports for the island.

Port Vila
Port Vila (/ˈviːlə/ VEE-lə; French: Port-Vila [pɔʁ vila]), or simply Vila (Bislama: [viˈla]), is the capital of Vanuatu and its largest city. It is on the island of Efate, in Shefa Province.

The population was 49,034 as of the 2020 census. This represented 16.3% of Vanuatu's total population in 2020.

Located on the east coast of the island of Efate, Port Vila is the economic and commercial centre of Vanuatu. The mayor is Jenny Regenvanu of the Land and Justice Party, the first woman to hold the position, elected in August 2024. Her deputy was Marie Louise Milne, of the Green Confederation, until the seat was vacated in January 2025.
Whau Local Board
The Whau Local Board is one of the 21 local boards of the Auckland Council. It is the only local board overseen by the council's Whau Ward councillor.

The Whau board, named after the Whau River estuary which runs through the board area, covers the suburbs of Avondale, Blockhouse Bay, Green Bay, Kelston, New Lynn and New Windsor.

The board consists of seven members elected at large. The inaugural members were elected in the nationwide 2010 local elections, coinciding with the introduction of the Auckland Council.

Blockhouse Bay
Blockhouse Bay is a residential suburb in the south west of Auckland, in New Zealand's North Island. It is sited on the northern coast of the Manukau Harbour, and is also close to the administrative boundary that existed between Auckland City and Waitakere City, two of the former four cities of what was the Auckland conurbation before amalgamation into Auckland Council.

The suburb is located 11 kilometres to the southwest of the city centre, and is surrounded by the more central suburbs of Lynfield and New Windsor, and the Waitakere suburbs of New Lynn and Green Bay.

The Blockhouse Bay Library is located in the town centre, as is the Blockhouse Bay Community Centre, located 200 metres from the library.
The Wedding Dance
The Wedding Dance (sometimes known as The Village Dance) is a 1566 oil-on-panel painting by the Netherlandish Renaissance artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Owned by the museum of the Detroit Institute of Arts in Detroit, Michigan, the work was discovered by its director in England in 1930, and brought to Detroit. It is believed to be one of a set of three Bruegel works from around the same time: The Wedding Dance, The Peasant Wedding (1567) and The Peasant Dance (1569).

The painting depicts 125 wedding guests. As was customary in the Renaissance period, the brides wore black and men wore codpieces. Voyeurism is depicted throughout the entire art work; dancing was disapproved of by the authorities and the church, and the painting can be seen as both a critique and comic depiction of a stereotypical oversexed, overindulgent, peasant class of the times.

The Peasant Wedding
The Peasant Wedding is a 1567 genre painting by  the Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painter and printmaker Pieter Bruegel the Elder, one of his many depicting peasant life. It is now in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. Pieter Bruegel the Elder enjoyed painting peasants and different aspects of their lives in so many of his paintings that he has been called Peasant-Bruegel, but he was an intellectual, and many of his paintings have a symbolic meaning as well as a moral aspect.
2017 Marvellous 12
The 2017 Marvellous 12 (Chinese: 2017地表最强12人) was a qualifying event organized by the Chinese Table Tennis Association, Tencent Sports and Shenzhen Municipal Culture, Sports and Tourism Bureau. It was held in Shenzhen, China from 3 to 10 March 2017. It was the first edition of the tournament. Winners of Phase 1 and Phase 3 of the men's and women's singles event, namely Fan Zhendong, Lin Gaoyuan, Liu Shiwen, and Ding Ning, were each guaranteed a spot to represent China in the 2017 World Table Tennis Championships.

2017 World Table Tennis Championships
The 2017 World Table Tennis Championships were held in Düsseldorf, Germany, from 29 May to 5 June 2017. The decision to host the event in Düsseldorf was announced by the ITTF in April 2015. They were the 54th edition of the competition, and the seventh time that it has been staged in Germany.