hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coins of Ireland
Irish coins have been issued by a variety of local and national authorities, the ancient provincial Kings and High Kings of Ireland, the Kingdom of Ireland (1541–1801), the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922), the Irish Free State (1922–1937), and the present Republic of Ireland. Since 2002, the Republic of Ireland has minted Euro coins, featuring symbols such as flax and the harp.

Irish euro coins
Irish euro coins all share the same design by Jarlath Hayes, that of the harp, a traditional symbol for Ireland since the Middle Ages, based on that of the Brian Boru harp, housed in Trinity College Dublin. The same harp is used as on the official seals of the Taoiseach, and government ministers and the seal of the president of Ireland. The coins' design also features the 12 stars of the EU, the year of issue and the Irish name for Ireland, "Éire", in a traditional Gaelic script.
United States declaration of war on Bulgaria
On June 5, 1942, the United States declared war on Bulgaria. Bulgaria was neutral during 1939–1941, but on March 1, 1941, Bulgaria signed the Tripartite Pact and officially joined the Axis bloc. Following this, the Bulgarian government declared war on the United Kingdom and the United States on December 13, 1941. On June 4, 1942, the United States Congress passed joint resolutions declaring war on Bulgaria along with Hungary and Romania. President Roosevelt approved all three declarations the following day.

Already one week later, the U.S. bombed the Romanian oilfields at Ploiești. The capital of Bulgaria, Sofia, and other Bulgarian cities, were bombed by Allied aircraft in 1943 and 1944.

As of 1 January 2026, the declarations of war against Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania are the last formal declarations of war by the United States Congress, which in the era of collective security has largely ceded the war power to the President.

Bombing of Bulgaria in World War II
Bulgaria suffered a series of Allied bombing raids during World War II, from mid 1941 to early 1944. Bulgaria declared war on the United Kingdom and the United States on 13 December 1941. The Southern Italy-based Allied air forces extended the range of their strategic operations to include Bulgaria and other Axis allies in 1943.
Chilean water crisis
The Chilean water crisis is a period of extreme water scarcity and drought in Chile that began in 2010 in response to climate change, agricultural practices and the existing policies established in the early 1980s. It is the longest lasting drought experienced in Chile in over 700 to 1,000 years.

The megadrought that begun in 2010 have contributed to make large swathes of Chile more prone to wildfire. In Central Chile much natural vegetation have experienced reduced chlorophyll levels and vigor as result of the megadrought.

Drought in Chile
Through its history, Chile was regularly affected by droughts. In the more arid parts of Chile droughts are produced when there are low amounts of snow accumulation in the Andes. Chilean coastal drainage basins without snow accumulation are particularly vulnerable to drought.

The territory of Central Chile has been affected by long-term droughts in 1280–1450, 1570–1650, 1770–1820 and 2010–present.
Lund
Lund (/lʊnd/, US also /lʌnd/ LU(U)ND; Swedish: [ˈlɵnːd] ⓘ) is a city in the province of Scania, southern Sweden. The town had 94,393 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 130,288 as of 2023. It is the seat of Lund Municipality, Scania County. The Öresund Region, which includes Lund, is home to more than 4.2 million people.

Archeologists date the founding of Lund to around 990, when Scania was part of Denmark. From 1103 it was the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Lund, and the towering Lund Cathedral, built c. 1090–1145, still stands at the centre of the town. Denmark ceded the city to Sweden in the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658.

Lund University, established in 1666, is one of Scandinavia's oldest and largest institutions for education and research.  The university and its buildings dominate much of the centre of the city, and have led to Lund becoming a regional centre for high-tech industry.

Diocese of Lund
The Diocese of Lund (Swedish: Lunds stift) is a diocese within the Church of Sweden which corresponds to the provinces of Blekinge and Skåne. There are 217 parishes within the diocese, the most significant number in any of the dioceses of the Church of Sweden. The present bishop of Lund, Johan Tyrberg, succeeded Antje Jackelén in 2014.

The diocese was originally established in 1060 as a Roman Catholic diocese within the Kingdom of Denmark. Beginning in 1104, it had jurisdiction over ecclesiastical affairs in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden as the Archdiocese of Lund. Following the Danish Reformation, it became a diocese in the Lutheran Church of Denmark. Since the signing of the treaty of Roskilde in 1658 it has been the southernmost diocese in the Lutheran Church of Sweden.
Richelieu Rock
9°21′48″N 98°1′19″E﻿ / ﻿9.36333°N 98.02194°E﻿ / 9.36333; 98.02194

Richelieu Rock (called Hin Plo Naam in Thai) is a dive site in Thailand in the Andaman Sea about 45 kilometres (28 mi) from the mainland. It is part of the Mu Ko Surin National Park although being about 18 km (11 mi) east of Ko Surin Tai. There are no islands in the immediate vicinity of the reef.

The limestone pinnacle rises from the sea floor of about 30 to 35 m (98 to 115 ft) above the surface at low tide. The horseshoe-shaped reef is known for its purple corals as well as diverse marine life ranging from small fish and harlequin shrimp to large pelagics like whale shark and manta ray.

Andaman Sea
The Andaman Sea (historically also known as the Burma Sea) is a marginal sea of the northeastern Indian Ocean bounded by the coastlines of Myanmar and Thailand along the Gulf of Martaban and the west side of the Malay Peninsula, and separated from the Bay of Bengal to its west by the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands.  Its southern end is at Breueh Island just north of Sumatra, with the Strait of Malacca further southeast.

Traditionally, the sea has been used for fishery and transportation of goods between the coastal countries and its coral reefs and islands, which are popular tourist destinations.  The fishery and tourist infrastructure was severely damaged by the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.
William A. Gaston
William Alexander Gaston (May 1, 1859 – July 17, 1927) was an American lawyer, banker, and politician who was the Democratic Party nominee for Governor of Massachusetts in 1902, 1903, and 1926 and the United States Senate in 1905 and 1922. Outside of politics, Gaston served as president of the Boston Elevated Railway and National Shawmut Bank.

Boston Elevated Railway
The Boston Elevated Railway (BERy) was a streetcar and rapid transit railroad operated on, above, and below, the streets of Boston, Massachusetts and surrounding communities. Founded in 1894, it eventually acquired the West End Street Railway via lease and merger to become the city's primary mass transit provider. Its modern successor is the state-run Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), which continues to operate in part on infrastructure developed by BERy and its predecessors.
Ohio State Route 217
State Route 217 (SR 217) is an east–west state highway in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio.  The western terminus of State Route 217 is at a T-intersection with State Route 141 approximately 1.75 miles (2.82 km) east of the unincorporated community of Kitts Hill.  Its eastern terminus is at State Route 7 nearly 1.25 miles (2.01 km) north of the village of Athalia.  The route mainly passes through some hilly terrain and drops in elevation before reaching the Ohio River valley.

Ohio State Route 7
State Route 7 (SR 7), formerly known as Inter-county Highway 7 until 1921 and State Highway 7 in 1922, is a north–south state highway in the southern and eastern portions of the U.S. state of Ohio.  At about 336 miles (541 km) in length, it is the longest state route in Ohio. Its southern terminus is an interchange with U.S. Route 52 (US 52) just west of Chesapeake.  Its northern terminus also serves as the eastern terminus of SR 531 in Conneaut.  The path of SR 7 stays within five miles (8.0 km) of the Ohio River (Ohio's border with West Virginia) for the southern portion, with the river being visible from much of the route.  The road also remains within 10 miles (16 km) of the Pennsylvania state line for the northern portion.
The highway is also parallel with West Virginia Route 2 for most of the route, seen from the Ohio River.
The Master Musicians of Joujouka
The Master Musicians of Joujouka are a collective of Jbala Sufi trance musicians, serving as a modern representation of a centuries-old music tradition. The collective was first documented by Western journalists in the early 1950s, and was brought to widespread international attention by Brian Jones in 1969. They have collaborated with many Western rock and jazz musicians.

The collective includes more than 50 musicians from the village of Jajouka (sometimes spelled as Joujouka or Zahjouka), in the Rif Mountains of northern Morocco. All members are the sons of previous members, and adopt the surname Attar ("perfume maker"). In the 1990s, the collective split into two factions, with the other currently known as The Master Musicians of Jajouka led by Bachir Attar.

The Master Musicians of Jajouka led by Bachir Attar
The Master Musicians of Jajouka led by Bachir Attar (sometimes written as ...featuring Bachir Attar) are a collective of Jbala Sufi trance musicians, serving as a modern representation of a centuries-old music tradition. The collective includes musicians from the village of Jajouka (sometimes spelled as Joujouka or Zahjouka), in the Rif Mountains of northern Morocco. Most members are the sons of previous members, and adopt the surname Attar ("perfume maker").
Uta-awase
Uta-awase (歌合 or 歌合せ; sometimes romanized utaawase), poetry contests or waka matches, are a distinctive feature of the Japanese literary landscape from the Heian period. Significant to the development of Japanese poetics, the origin of group composition such as renga, and a stimulus to approaching waka as a unified sequence and not only as individual units, the lasting importance of the poetic output of these occasions may be measured also from their contribution to the imperial anthologies: 92 poems of the Kokinshū and 373 of the Shin Kokinshū were drawn from uta-awase.

Renga
Renga (連歌, linked poem) is a genre of Japanese collaborative poetry in which alternating stanzas, or ku (句), of 5-7-5 and 7-7 morae (sound units or syllables per line) are linked in succession by multiple poets. Known as tsukuba no michi (筑波の道 The Way of Tsukuba) after the famous Tsukuba Mountain in the Kantō region, the form of poetry is said to have originated in a two-verse poetry exchange by Yamato Takeru and later gave birth to the genres haikai (俳諧) and haiku (俳句).

The genre was elevated to a literary art by Nijō Yoshimoto (二条良基, 1320–1388), who compiled the first imperial renga anthology Tsukubashū (菟玖波集) in 1356. The most famous renga master was Sōgi (宗祇, 1421–1502), and Matsuo Bashō (松尾芭蕉, 1644–1694) after him became the most famous haikai master. Renga sequences were typically composed live during gatherings of poets, transcribed oral sessions known as rengakai (連歌会), but could also be composed by single poets as mainly textual works.
Standard Chartered Zambia
Standard Chartered Zambia, officially Standard Chartered Bank Zambia Plc, commonly known as is a Stanchart Zambia, is a commercial bank in Zambia and a subsidiary of Standard Chartered. It is licensed by the Bank of Zambia, the central bank and national banking regulator.

The bank serves large corporate clients, upscale retail customers and medium to large business enterprises. It is one of the largest commercial banks in Zambia, by assets. As of 31 December 2017, the total asset valuation of the bank was ZMW:8.851 billion (US$893.8 million), with shareholders' equity of ZMW:873.5 million (US$88.2 million).

Stanchart Zambia in partnership with BongoHive runs a programme for female-led and founded businesses called Standard Chartered Women in Technology. This program won the Best Tech-For-Women Initiative award at The Techtrends Zambia Awards 2021.

Standard Chartered
Standard Chartered PLC is a British multinational bank with operations in wealth management, corporate and investment banking, and treasury services. Despite being headquartered in the United Kingdom, it does not conduct retail banking in the UK, and around 90% of its profits come from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

Standard Chartered has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It has secondary listings on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, the National Stock Exchange of India, and OTC Markets Group Pink. Its largest shareholder is the Government of Singapore–owned Temasek Holdings. The Financial Stability Board considers it a systemically important bank.

Maria Ramos is the group chair of Standard Chartered. Bill Winters is the current group chief executive.
Demographics of Brazil
Brazil had an official resident population of 203 million in 2022, according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Brazil is the seventh most populous country in the world and the second most populous in the Americas and Western Hemisphere.

Brazilians are mainly concentrated in the eastern part of the country, which comprises the Southeast, South, and Northeast. But it also has a significant presence in large cities in the Center-West and North. According to the 2022 census, Brazil had 88,252,121 White people, 92,083,286 Mixed people, 20,656,458 Black people, 850,132 Asian people, and 1,227,640 Indigenous people.

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics
The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Portuguese: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; IBGE) is the agency responsible for official collection of statistical, geographic, cartographic, geodetic and environmental information in Brazil. The IBGE performs a decennial national census; questionnaires account for information such as age, household income, literacy, education, occupation and hygiene levels.

The IBGE is a public institute created in 1936 under the name National Institute of Statistics. Its founder and chief proponent was statistician Mário Augusto Teixeira de Freitas. The current name dates from 1938. Its headquarters are located in Rio de Janeiro, and its current president is Marcio Pochmann, replacing Eduardo Rios Neto. It was made a federal agency by the Federal Decree-Law No. 161 of February 13, 1967, and is linked to the Ministry of the Economy, inside the Secretariat of Planning, Budget and Management.
Shaanxi Provincial People's Government
The Shaanxi Provincial People's Government is the local administrative agency of Shaanxi. It is officially elected by the Shaanxi Provincial People's Congress and is formally responsible to the Shaanxi Provincial People's Congress and its Standing Committee. Under the country's one-party system, the governor is subordinate to the secretary of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. The Provincial government is headed by a governor, currently Zhao Gang.

Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party is the provincial committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Shaanxi, China, and is the province's top authority. The CCP committee secretary is the highest ranking post in the province.

In December 2024, the Publicity Department of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the CCP partnered with Shaanxi Television and Radio Group to form an international communication center.
Laguna Fire
The Laguna Fire, also known as the Kitchen Creek Fire or the Boulder Oaks Fire, was a 175,425-acre (70,992 ha) wildfire that burned from September 22 to October 4, 1970, in the Laguna Mountains and East County region of San Diego County in Southern California. It was one of many wildfires in a massive conflagration that spanned across the state from September 22 to October 4, 1970. At the time, it was the second-largest fire in the recorded history of California after the 1932 Matilija Fire (not counting the Santiago Canyon Fire in 1889, which experts estimate burned approximately 300,000 acres (120,000 ha)).

Laguna Mountains
The Laguna Mountains are a mountain range of the Peninsular Ranges in eastern San Diego County, California. The mountains run in a northwest/southeast alignment for approximately 35 miles (56 km).

The mountains have long been inhabited by the indigenous Kumeyaay people.
Buddy Fletcher (politician)
Ralph "Buddy" Fletcher (August 20, 1932 – July 25, 2017) was the mayor of Lakeland, Florida from 1993 until 2009. At the end of his tenure he faced ethics complaints. He was succeeded in office by Gow Fields.

Fletcher died on July 25, 2017, at age 84. He is survived by his wife, Marguerite "Weetsie" Fletcher, and their daughter and was preceded in death by three sons.

Mayor of Lakeland, Florida
The following is a list of mayors of the city of Lakeland, Florida, United States.
The City of Lakeland was incorporated on January 1, 1885.  The mayor is one of seven members of the City Commission, acting as the board chair and performing mostly ceremonial and procedural duties beyond the powers of the other six. Prior to 1988, Lakeland's mayor was selected by the City Commission among its members. Mayors can be on the board for up to 12 years in a lifetime, or 16 years in combination with holding a regular commission position.  Since 1988 the mayor is elected by the citizens of the city.

The first female mayor was Lois Q. Searl, who served in 1965. Carrie R. Oldham was the first female African American mayor.
The Beekeeper (1986 film)
The Beekeeper (Greek: Ο Μελισσοκόμος, translit. O Melissokomos) is a 1986 Greek drama art film directed by Theodoros Angelopoulos. The film is the second installment in Angelopoulos's "trilogy of silence", preceded by Voyage to Cythera and followed by Landscape in the Mist. Swedish filmmaker Ingmar Bergman hailed The Beekeeper as a "masterpiece".

The Beekeeper was selected for the 43rd Venice International Film Festival. The film was the first of Angelopoulos's to use an already well-known actor, in this case, Marcello Mastroianni, who by that time had already won the Best Actor award at the 1970 Cannes Film Festival once and had been nominated twice for the Best Actor at the 35th Academy Awards and the 50th Academy Awards.

Voyage to Cythera
Voyage to Cythera (Greek: Ταξίδι στα Κύθηρα, translit. Taxidi sta Kythira) is a 1984 Greek drama film directed by Theodoros Angelopoulos, and starring Manos Katrakis.

It was entered into the 1984 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the FIPRESCI Prize and the award for Best Screenplay, where it was also nominated for the Palme D'or.
Wally Grant
Wallace Daniel Grant (December 8, 1927 – November 5, 2014) was an American ice hockey player.  Grant helped the University of Michigan win the first NCAA National Championship in 1948.  He was inducted into the University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor in 1987 and the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 1994.

United States Hockey Hall of Fame
The United States Hockey Hall of Fame was established in 1973 with the goal of preserving the history of ice hockey in the United States while recognizing the extraordinary contributions of select players, coaches, administrators, officials and teams. It is located in Eveleth, Minnesota, an iron mining town in northern Minnesota.
Tianshui revolts
The Tianshui revolts refer to the rebellions that broke out in the southern part of Liang Province (covering parts of present-day Gansu and Shaanxi) in the spring of 228 during the Three Kingdoms period of China. Military forces from the state of Shu Han, led by their chancellor-regent Zhuge Liang, planned to seize control of Chang'an, a strategic city in Shu's rival state, Cao Wei. The three commanderies of Nan'an, Tianshui, and Anding were captured by Shu forces, but these territorial gains were later lost after the Battle of Jieting. As mentioned in the biography of the Wei general Zhang He: "The commanderies of Nan'an, Tianshui and Anding rebelled and defected to (Zhuge) Liang, (Zhang) He pacified all of them."

Battle of Jieting
The Battle of Jieting was fought between the states of Cao Wei and Shu Han in 228 during the Three Kingdoms period in China. The battle was part of the first Northern Expedition led by Shu's chancellor-regent, Zhuge Liang, to attack Wei. The battle concluded with a decisive victory for Wei.
Llyn Brenig
Llyn Brenig is a reservoir located on Denbigh Moors in North Wales. The artificial lake, which was constructed between 1973 and 1976, was created by building an embankment dam across the Brenig valley. It lies at 1,200 ft (370 m) above sea level on the border between the counties of Conwy and Denbighshire. It is used to manage the flow in the River Dee as part of the River Dee regulation system.

The reservoir's purpose is to protect the water supply  for North West England and north-east Wales, particularly Liverpool and its surrounding area. Its surface area of 920 acres (3.7 km2) makes it the fourth largest lake in Wales, behind Llyn Tegid (Bala Lake), Llyn Trawsfynydd and Lake Vyrnwy.

Llyn Tegid
Llyn Tegid (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈɬɨ̞n ˈtɛɡɨd]), also known as Bala Lake or Lake Bala in English, is a large freshwater glacial lake in Gwynedd, Wales. The River Dee, which has its source on the slopes of Dduallt in the mountains of Snowdonia, feeds the 3.7-by-0.5-mile (5.95 km × 0.80 km) lake. It was the largest natural body of water in Wales even before its level was raised by Thomas Telford to provide water for the Ellesmere Canal (later Llangollen Canal).

The town of Bala, which was once an important centre for the North Wales woollen trade, is located on the north-eastern end of the lake. The 3-mile (4.8 km) narrow-gauge Bala Lake Railway, between the town and Llanuwchllyn (whose name means "The Llan above ['uwch'] the lake ['llyn']"), runs along the lake's south-eastern shore using a section of former trackbed from the former Ruabon–Barmouth line.
Isabel Hardwich
Isabel Helen Hardwich MIEE CEng MInstP (née Cox; 19 September 1919 – 19 February 1987) was an English electrical engineer, an expert in photometry, and fellow and president of the Women's Engineering Society.

Women's Engineering Society
The Women's Engineering Society is a United Kingdom professional learned society and networking body for women engineers, scientists and technologists. It was the first professional body set up for women working in all areas of engineering, predating the Society of Women Engineers by around 30 years.
Kathryn Schulz
Kathryn Schulz is an American journalist and author. She is a staff writer at The New Yorker. In 2016, she won the Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing for her article on the risk of a major earthquake and tsunami in the Pacific Northwest. In 2023, she won the Lambda Literary Award for Lesbian Memoir or Biography.

Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing
The Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing is one of the fourteen American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Journalism. It has been awarded since 1979 for a distinguished example of feature writing giving prime consideration to high literary quality and originality.

Finalists have been announced from 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.