hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shaun Simpson (motorcyclist)
Shaun Simpson (born 13 March 1988) is a Scottish former professional motocross racer. He competed in the Motocross World Championships from 2004 to 2021. Simpson has won two British Motocross Championships (2008 and 2014), a Belgian Championship (2011) and has represented Great Britain four times at the prestigious Motocross des Nations.

Motocross World Championship
The FIM Motocross World Championship is the premier championship of motocross racing, organized by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM), divided into two distinct classes: MXGP and MX2. Race duration is 30 minutes plus two laps per race. The series runs 20 events with two races per class,  including a point-scoring qualification race.
The FIM Women's Motocross World Championship (MXW) is a women-only motocross championship, inaugurated in 2005, and is a feeder series to the FIM Motocross World Championship.
Yarlen
Yarlen Faustino Augusto (born 20 February 2006), simply known as Yarlen, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Campeonato Brasileiro Série B club América Mineiro, on loan from Botafogo.

Campeonato Brasileiro Série B
The Campeonato Brasileiro Série B (commonly referred to as the Brasileirão Série B, the Série B or the Brazilian Série B to distinguish it from the Italian Serie B), and currently officially called Brasileirão Série B Superbet for sponsorship reasons) is the second tier of the Brazilian football league system, which is organized by the Brazilian Football Confederation.

The competition was played for the first time in 1971, and for a long time, the competition format was inconsistent, with changes happening frequently. Also, there were years where the competition was not played at all.

Since 2006 it has been contested by 20 teams in a double round-robin format with 38 matches, with the top four teams being promoted to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A group and the bottom four teams being relegated to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C.
Palcho Monastery
The Palcho Monastery or Pelkor Chode Monastery or Shekar Gyantse is the main monastery in the Nyangchu river valley in Gyantse, Gyantse County, Shigatse Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region. The monastery precinct is a complex of structures that, apart from the Tsuklakhang Monastery, also includes its Kumbum, believed to be the largest such structure in Tibet, that is most notable for its 108 chapels in its several floors and the old Dzong or fort.

Shigatse
Shigatse, officially known as Xigazê (Tibetan: གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ་, Wylie: gzhis ka rtse, ZWPY: xigazê) or Rikaze (Chinese: 日喀则; pinyin: Rìkāzé), is a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Its area of jurisdiction, with an area of 182,000 km2 (70,271 sq mi), corresponds to the historical Ü-Tsang region of Tibet, and is most notable for containing the Chinese half of Mount Everest.
Tsugaru clan
The Tsugaru clan (Japanese: 津軽氏, Hepburn: Tsugaru-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan who ruled the northwestern half of what is now Aomori Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of Japan under the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. The Tsugaru were daimyō of Hirosaki Domain and its semi-subsidiary, Kuroishi Domain. The Tsugaru were in constant conflict with their former overlords, the Nanbu clan of adjoining Morioka Domain. During the Boshin War of 1868-69, the Tsugaru clan fought mostly on the pro-imperial side, although it did briefly join the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei. In the Meiji period, the official status of the daimyō was abolished.  The former daimyō, including the Tsugaru, became part of the kazoku peerage instead, with Tsugaru Tsuguakira receiving the title of hakushaku (Count).

Abolition of the han system
The abolition of the han system (廃藩置県, haihan-chiken) in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (大名, daimyō, feudal lords) were required to return their authority to the Emperor Meiji and his house. The process was accomplished in several stages, resulting in a new centralized government of Meiji Japan and the replacement of the old feudal system with a new oligarchy.
Yamuna Krishnan
Yamuna Krishnan (born May 25, 1974) is a professor at the Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, where she has worked since August 2014. She was earlier a Reader in National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, India. Krishnan won the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for science and technology, the highest science award in India in the year 2013 in the Chemical Science category. In 2024, she was named the Louis Block Professor of Chemistry and the College.

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) is a research Institute under the Department of Atomic Energy of the Government of India. It is a public deemed university located at Navy Nagar, Colaba in Mumbai. It also has centres in Bangalore, Pune and Hyderabad. TIFR conducts research primarily in the natural sciences, the biological sciences and theoretical computer science.
Tredegar (album)
Tredegar is the self-titled debut album by the Welsh heavy metal band Tredegar. The vocals on all but one song on the album were recorded by guest singer Carl Sentance as the band did not have a full-time frontman in place when recording began. Russ North joined as the permanent vocalist during the recording sessions and sung on "Which Way to Go."

As part of their live set they played covers of a number of Budgie songs including "Breadfan", "Napoleon Bonapart", "Zoom Club" and "Parents".

Budgie (band)
Budgie were a Welsh heavy metal band from Cardiff. The band formed in 1967, and recorded a demo the following year.

In 1971, their first album was blues-oriented hard rock and produced by Rodger Bain, released by MCA. Later records found Budgie gradually moving into a harder and more aggressive sound. The band, usually a classic power trio with the occasional keyboard player, released ten albums, with MCA, A&M, and RCA, between 1971 and 1982, attracting a fair number of fans and achieving modest commercial success.

Budgie were one of the earliest heavy metal bands, and according to Garry Sharpe-Young they influenced many acts of that scene, particularly the new wave of British heavy metal, and later acts such as Metallica. The band have been noted as "among the heaviest metal of its day".
Murder of David Dorn
On June 2, 2020, David Dorn, a 77-year-old retired police captain, was fatally shot after interrupting the burglary of a pawn shop in The Ville, St. Louis. The incident took place during riots in St. Louis, Missouri following the murder of George Floyd. Stephan Cannon, who was 24 years old at the time of the incident, was convicted of his murder on July 20, 2022.

The Ville, St. Louis
The Ville is a historic African-American neighborhood with many African-American businesses located in North St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.. This neighborhood is a forty-two-square-block bounded by St. Louis Avenue on the north, Martin Luther King Drive on the south, Sarah on the east and Taylor on the west. From 1911 to 1950, The Ville was the center of African American culture within the city of St. Louis.
General Council of Spanish Lawyers
The General Council of Spanish Lawyers (Spanish: Consejo General de la Abogacía Española) is the supreme representative and executive body of all the bar associations and lawyers of Spain.

It is a Spanish public law corporation (statutory corporation) that brings together the 83 bar associations of Spain and all lawyers in Spain (in Spain, it is mandatory for lawyers to be joined to a bar association).

The General Council of Spanish Lawyers represents the 83 Spanish bar associations and all the Spanish lawyers. The corporation is also member of the Spanish Council of State, represented by its chairperson.

The current chairperson is Victoria Ortega.

Council of State (Spain)
The Council of State (Spanish: Consejo de Estado), is the supreme advisory body of the Spanish Government. It was established in 1526 by King Charles I (V of the Holy Roman Empire) to advise him on foreign policy. Since the 19th century, the Council advises the government in all policies. It also advises the Monarch in the exercise of its royal prerogatives.
Ümit Türkoğlu
Ümit Türkoğlu (born October 22, 1981) is a Turkish professional basketball player who last played for Best Balıkesir of the TB2L. Standing at 2.10 m (6 ft 10+1⁄2 in) and he plays center position. He played 16 times for national team.

He started his career with Tofaş S.K. in junior level. He then played for Konyaspor B.K. and Kuşadasıspor in Turkish Basketball Second League in amateur section and started his professional career with Banvit B.K. in 2004.

Turkish Basketball Second League
The Turkish Basketball Second League, also called TB2L, is the third-tier level league of professional club basketball in Turkey. The league was previously called the Turkish Basketball Third League (TB3L).
Overture in A minor
The Overture in A minor, JS 144, is a single-movement work for orchestra written in 1902 by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. The piece premiered in Helsinki on 8 March 1902, the with Sibelius conducting the Helsinki Philharmonic Society. The overture led a program that evening also included two other first performances: the Second Symphony (Op. 43) and the Impromptu for female choir and orchestra (Op. 19; revised in 1910).

A minor
A minor is a minor scale based on A, B, C, D, E, F, and G. Its key signature has no flats or sharps. Its relative major is C major and its parallel major is A major.

The A natural minor scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The A harmonic minor and melodic minor scales are:
Adrian Lam
Adrian Lam (born 25 August 1970) is a Papua New Guinean professional rugby league coach who is the head coach of the Leigh Leopards in the Super League and a former professional rugby league footballer.

He played for the Sydney Roosters in the National Rugby League and the Wigan Warriors in the Super League. He represented Papua New Guinea, the Queensland State of Origin team and the Rest of the World team.

He was the head coach of Papua New Guinea between 2007 and 2012. He was assistant coach for Australia in the 2021 World Cup.

Leigh Leopards
The Leigh Leopards are a professional rugby league club based in Leigh, Greater Manchester, England. Leigh play homes games at Leigh Sports Village and compete in Super League, the top tier of British rugby league.

Leigh Leopards have won the League Championship twice and Challenge Cup three times.

The clubs traditional home colours are red and white. They have a local rivalry with Wigan Warriors.
WIBW (AM)
WIBW (580 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Topeka, Kansas. It is owned by Connoisseur Media and airs a talk and sports radio format. The studios and offices are on SW Executive Drive in Topeka.  The transmitter is off NW Landon Road in Silver Lake.

WIBW is simulcast on 250 watt FM translator station K285GL at 104.9 MHz.

Connoisseur Media
Connoisseur Media LLC is an American media company. It is based in Westport, Connecticut and led by Jeff Warshaw. As of September 2025, Connoisseur operates 207 radio stations and digital assets in 24 states.
Albert Mncwango
Mangaqa Albert Mncwango (born 19 August 1953) is a South African politician from KwaZulu-Natal. He represented the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) in the National Assembly for 23 years from 1994 to 2017. After that, he served as Mayor of Nongoma, his hometown, from 2017 to 2023. He is currently the deputy secretary-general of the IFP.

Mncwango was a founding member of the IFP in 1975 and first joined its Central Committee in 1980. He served as the party's national organiser from 1998 to 2012, in which capacity he was in charge of election campaigning. He was deputy chairperson of the party from 2012 until 2019, when he was elected to his current position as deputy secretary-general.

Nongoma Local Municipality
Nongoma Municipality (Zulu: UMasipala wakwaNongoma) is a local municipality within the northeastern part of the Zululand District Municipality, in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.  It is Zululand's second largest municipality in terms of population and the second largest in terms of area. It shares its name with the town of Nongoma, which serves as the seat of the municipality.

Nongoma is predominantly a rural municipality. It encompasses 363 settlements, only of which Nongoma has some urban characteristics. 98.34% of the population lives in rural areas. The level of education is low, as only 33% of the population has completed primary education and only 5.3% has an education up to Grade 12.
Dietlikon railway station
Dietlikon railway station (German: Bahnhof Dietlikon) is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Zürich and municipality of Dietlikon (Glatt Valley). The station is located on the Zürich to Winterthur railway line.  It lies within fare zone 121 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV).

The station has a side platform and a central platform, providing three platform faces and serving all three tracks passing through the station. To the south of the station, the three tracks diverge into two twin-track railway lines, one to Zürich via Wallisellen and the other to Zürich via Stettbach. To the north of the station the three tracks merge into the twin-track line to Effretikon.

Dietlikon station is not to be confused with Dietikon railway station located in Dietikon in the Limmat Valley (canton of Zurich).

Zürcher Verkehrsverbund
The Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV), lit. 'Zurich Transport Network' is the largest public transportation network in Switzerland. It covers the canton of Zurich and adjacent areas. All modes of public transportation (rail, light rail, bus, trolleybus, lake passenger liner, funicular, an aerial tram) within a chosen number of fare zones can be used freely with a ticket that is valid for a certain amount of time (e.g., 1 hour, 24 hours) or with monthly/annual subscriptions.
Chris Stoutenburg
Chris "Stouty" Stoutenburg (born 1977) is a Canadian wheelchair basketball player and CrossFit trainer. Following an accident as a teenager, he has won two Paralympics gold medals for Team Canada in 2000 and 2004.

Canada men's national wheelchair basketball team
The Canada men's national wheelchair basketball team is one of Canada's most successful paralympic sporting teams. It is the only national men's wheelchair basketball team to have won two consecutive gold medals at the Paralympic Games in 2000 and 2004, and the only one to have won three paralympic titles. It also won  World Wheelchair Basketball Championships in 2006 and was runner-up in 1986.
Kosta Yanev
Kosta Yanev (Bulgarian: Коста Янев; born 27 April 1983) is a Bulgarian footballer who currently plays as a midfielder for FC Sliven.

He is a defensive midfielder who plays in the holding midfield role or as an attacking midfielder. Despite often being used in a defensive position he is mainly an attacking player. He has been capped for the Bulgarian national team.

Bulgaria national football team
The Bulgaria national football team (Bulgarian: Български национален отбор по футбол, romanized: Bǎlgarski natsionalen otbor po futbol) represents Bulgaria in men's international football, and is administered by the Bulgarian Football Union, a member association of UEFA.

Bulgaria's best achievements are reaching the final at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the fourth-place finish at the FIFA World Cup in 1994. Bulgaria have competed at a total of seven World Cups, debuting in 1962 and last appearing in 1998. In addition, they have participated in two European Championships, in 1996 and 2004, the latter marking their most recent major tournament appearance. The team has also competed at and won three titles in the Balkan Cup.
Jan Tyranowski
Jan Leopold Tyranowski (9 February 1901 – 15 March 1947) was a Polish Roman Catholic. He was an ardent admirer and follower of the Discalced Carmelite charism – but was not of their order – and was a central figure in the spiritual formation of Karol Józef Wojtyła who became Pope John Paul II. He was both the leader and student mentor of his friend's college parish of Saint Stanisław Kostka in the 1940s as well as a small group he ran on the behalf of the Salesians of Don Bosco during the wartime period.

His old friend launched the beatification process on 28 April 1997 and titled him as a Servant of God while the confirmation of his heroic virtue at the beginning of 2017 allowed for Pope Francis to title him as Venerable.

Salesians of Don Bosco
The Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB), formally known as the Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Latin: Societas Sancti Francisci Salesii), is a religious congregation of men in the Catholic Church, founded in 1859 by the Italian priest John Bosco to help poor and migrant youth during the Industrial Revolution. The congregation was named after Francis de Sales, a 17th-century bishop of Geneva.

The Salesians' charter describes the society's mission as "the Christian perfection of its associates obtained by the exercise of spiritual and corporal works of charity towards the young, especially the poor, and the education of boys to the priesthood". Its associated women's institute is the Salesian Sisters of Don Bosco, while the lay movement is the Association of Salesian Cooperators.
Music of Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., has been home to many prominent musicians and is particularly known for the musical genres of Jazz, Rhythm & Blues,
bluegrass, punk rock and its locally-developed descendants hardcore and emo, and a local funk genre called go-go.  The first major musical figure from District of Columbia was John Philip Sousa, a military brass band composer. Later figures include jazz musicians, such as Duke Ellington, Charlie Rouse, Buck Hill, Ron Holloway, Davey Yarborough, Michael A. Thomas, Butch Warren, and DeAndrey Howard; soul musicians, including Billy Stewart, The Unifics, The Moments, Ray, Goodman & Brown, Van McCoy, The Presidents, The Choice Four, Vernon Burch, guitarist Charles Pitts (OST "Shaft", 1971), and Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul.

Charles Pitts
Charles "Skip" Pitts (April 7, 1947 – May 1, 2012) was an American soul and blues guitarist. He is best known for his distinctive "wah-wah" style, prominently featured on Isaac Hayes' title track from the 1971 movie Shaft. He is widely considered to have been one of the architects of soul, R&B and funk guitar.
R.F.C. Meux
Royal Football Club Meux is a football club based in La Bruyère, Wallonia, Belgium. The club set to compete in the Belgian Division 1 from 2025–26, the third tier of Belgian football after promotion from Belgian Division 2 in 2024–25. The club is affiliated to the Royal Belgian Football Association (KBVB) with matricule 4454 and has green as its club colour.

Royal Belgian Football Association
The Royal Belgian Football Association (RBFA; Dutch: Koninklijke Belgische Voetbalbond; French: Union royale belge des sociétés de football association; German: Königlicher Belgischer Fußballverband) is the governing body of football in Belgium. It was a founding member of FIFA in 1904 and UEFA in 1954 and was based in Brussels, not far from the King Baudouin Stadium. Since October 2021, the headquarters of the RBFA are located in Tubize, next to its technical centre. Its chairman is Robert Huygens.
Cinderella Stamp Club
The Cinderella Stamp Club was founded on 5 June 1959 in London, England, and is an association of philatelists, amateur and professional, whose interests lie in local stamps, telegraph stamps, railway stamps, revenue stamps, fiscals, forgeries, bogus and phantom issues, Christmas, Red Cross, TB and other charity seals, registration labels, advertisement and poster stamps and many other items - all of which are the so-called "Cinderellas of Philately".

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
Wrong Direction (song)
"Wrong Direction" is a song by American singer Hailee Steinfeld and was released by Republic Records on January 1, 2020. The song serves as the lead single from Steinfeld's second EP Half Written Story (2020), through Republic Records. The song was written by Steinfeld, alongside Lowell, Skyler Stonestreet, and the song's producer, Koz. Upon its release, the song peaked within the top 10 of the Official Aotearoa Music Charts in New Zealand, and was certified Gold in Brazil and Canada. A music video was released 7 days later, directed by Alexandre Moors.

Koz (musician)
Stephen Kozmeniuk, known professionally as Koz, is a Canadian record producer, songwriter, engineer and instrumentalist. Production and writing credits include Madonna, Nicki Minaj, Kendrick Lamar, and Dua Lipa. Koz received 3 Grammy nominations at the 2021 Grammy Awards.
Gummosis
Gummosis is the formation of patches of a gummy substance on the surface of certain plants, particularly fruit trees. This occurs when sap oozes from wounds or cankers as a reaction to outside stimuli such as adverse weather conditions, infections, insect problems, or mechanical damage. It is understood as a plant physiological disease.

Sap
Sap is a fluid transported in the xylem cells (vessel elements or tracheids) or phloem sieve tube elements of a plant.  These cells transport water and nutrients throughout the plant.

Sap is distinct from latex, resin, or cell sap; it is a separate substance, separately produced, and with different components and functions.

Insect honeydew is called sap, particularly when it falls from trees, but is only the remains of eaten sap and other plant parts.
Whitehead's lemma
For a lemma on Lie algebras, see Whitehead's lemma (Lie algebras).

Whitehead's lemma is a technical result in abstract algebra used in algebraic K-theory.  It states that a matrix of the form

is equivalent to the identity matrix by elementary transformations (that is, transvections):

Here,  indicates a matrix whose diagonal block is  and -th entry is .

The name "Whitehead's lemma" also refers to the closely related result that the derived group of the stable general linear group is the group generated by elementary matrices. In symbols,

.

This holds for the stable group (the direct limit of matrices of finite size) over any ring, but not in general for the unstable groups, even over a field. For instance for

one has:

where Alt(3) and Sym(3) denote the alternating resp. symmetric group on 3 letters.

Elementary matrix
In mathematics, an elementary matrix is a square matrix obtained from the application of a single elementary row operation to the identity matrix. The elementary matrices generate the general linear group GLn(F) when F is a field. Left multiplication (pre-multiplication) by an elementary matrix represents the corresponding elementary row operation, while right multiplication (post-multiplication) represents the corresponding elementary column operation.

Elementary row operations are used in Gaussian elimination to reduce a matrix to row echelon form.  They are also used in Gauss–Jordan elimination to further reduce the matrix to reduced row echelon form.