hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Erin L. Durban
Erin L. Durban is a professor of anthropology and critical disability studies at the University of Minnesota. They are the author of The Sexual Politics of Empire: Postcolonial Homophobia in Haiti, winner of the Lambda Literary Award in LGBT Studies and the National Women's Studies/University of Illinois Press First Book Prize. Durban's scholarship contextualizes LGBT rights in Haiti and created a foundation for the subfield of "queer Haitian studies." In anthropology, Durban's work, especially their article "Anthropology and Ableism," addresses issues of ableism and disability accessibility in ethnographic research methods. In addition to their scholarship, Durban has been an activist since the early 2000s and was recognized with the Mario Savio Young Activist Award "presented each year to a young person (or persons) with a deep commitment to human rights and social justice and a proven ability to transform this commitment into effective action."

LGBTQ rights in Haiti
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) persons in Haiti face social and legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Adult, noncommercial and consensual same-sex sexuality is not a criminal offense, but transgender people can be fined for violating a broadly written vagrancy law. Public opinion tends to be opposed to LGBTQ rights, which is why LGBTQ people are not protected from discrimination, are not included in hate crime laws, and households headed by same-sex couples do not have any of the legal rights given to married couples.
Liberalism Is a Sin
Liberalism is a Sin (Spanish: El liberalismo es pecado) is a book written by Roman Catholic priest Félix Sardà y Salvany in 1884, which became a rallying point for conservative political movements such as Integralism and Carlism.

Félix Sardà y Salvany
Félix Sardà y Salvany (Catalan Feliu or Fèlix Sardà i Salvany; May 21, 1844 – January 2, 1916) was a Spanish Catholic priest and writer born in Sabadell. He exercised an apostolate of charity and of the written word. Historian Roberto de Mattei reports that Sardá "was a popular priest in Spain at the end of the century and was considered exemplary for the firmness of his principles and the clarity of his apostolate."
Hockenheimring
The Hockenheimring, officially Hockenheimring Baden-Württemberg (German: [ˈhɔkŋ̍haɪmʁɪŋ ˌbaːdn̩ ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk] ⓘ), is a motor racing circuit situated in the Rhine valley near the town of Hockenheim in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located on the Bertha Benz Memorial Route. Amongst other motor racing events, it has hosted the German Grand Prix, most recently in 2019. The circuit is nearly flat. The circuit has an FIA Grade 1 licence.

Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters
The Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, commonly abbreviated as the DTM, is a sports car racing series sanctioned by ADAC. The series is based in Germany, with rounds elsewhere in Europe. The series currently races a modified version of Group GT3 grand touring cars, replacing Class 1 Touring Cars in 2021.

From 2000 to 2020, the "new DTM" continued the former Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft (German Touring Car Championship) and ITC (International Touring Car Championship) which had been discontinued after 1996 due to high costs. The series raced prototype silhouette racing cars based on a mass-production road car in the same period.

The second iteration went by the full name during its first five years. Since 2005, all official documents have only referred to the series using the abbreviated name.
Fawn Fire
The Fawn Fire was a destructive wildfire in Northern California's Shasta County, near Redding, in late September and early October 2021. The fire, which was caused by an alleged act of arson, ignited on September 22 in mountains to the northeast of Redding. High winds the following day drove the fire south and west into neighborhoods in the wildland–urban interface, where it destroyed 185 buildings and damaged 26 more. At least three firefighters were injured. The Fawn Fire cost more than $25 million to suppress and burned 8,578 acres (3,471 hectares) before being fully contained on October 2. A woman was arrested the day of the Fawn Fire's ignition and charged with starting the fire. As of 2024, legal proceedings remained ongoing.

Redding, California
Redding is a city in and the county seat of Shasta County, California, and the economic and cultural capital of the Shasta Cascade region of Northern California. Redding lies along the Sacramento River, 162 miles (261 km) north of Sacramento, and 120 miles (190 km) south of California's northern border with Oregon. Its population was 93,611 at the 2020 census.
Bruce D. Broussard
Bruce Dale Broussard (born 1961 or 1962) is an American business executive. From 2013 to 2024, Broussard was chief executive officer (CEO) of Humana, a healthcare company with headquarters in Louisville, Kentucky. Prior to joining Humana, he had several executive roles, including CEO of McKesson Specialty/US Oncology.

Broussard has participated in business advocacy organizations such as the Business Roundtable, The Business Council, and the American Heart Association CEO Roundtable. He is currently Interim CEO of HP Inc., and a member and previous chair of America's Health Insurance Plans. Broussard was chair of the Trust for the National Mall, a nonprofit philanthropic partner of the National Park Service dedicated to restoring and preserving the National Mall.

AHIP (trade association)
AHIP (formerly America's Health Insurance Plans) is an American political advocacy and trade association of health insurance companies that offer coverage through the employer-provided, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid managed care, and individual markets.
Chasing the Dragon (film)
Chasing the Dragon (Chinese: 追龍; Sidney Lau: Jui1 Lung4), previously known as King of Drug Dealers, is a 2017 Hong Kong action crime drama film directed by Wong Jing and Jason Kwan. The film stars Donnie Yen as Crippled Ho, based on real life gangster Ng Sik-ho and Andy Lau reprising his role as Lee Rock from the film series of the same name. The film is about an illegal immigrant from China who sneaks into  British-colonized Hong Kong in 1963 and transforms himself into a ruthless and emerging drug lord.
 The film is a remake of the 1991 film To Be Number One.

Chasing the Dragon II: Wild Wild Bunch, a standalone sequel new characters and a new storyline, was released in June 2019.

Ng Sik-ho
Ng Sik-ho (traditional Chinese: 吳錫豪; simplified Chinese: 吴锡豪; pinyin: Wú Xī-háo; Jyutping: Ng4 Sik3-hou4, 1930 – September 8, 1991), also known as "Crippled Ho" or "Limpy Ho" (Chinese: 跛豪; pinyin: Bǒ Háo; Jyutping: Bai1 Hou4) was a prominent Hong Kong drug lord and triad boss.
Mike Keown
Michael Huel Keown (born May 11, 1954) is an American and a Republican former member of the Georgia House of Representatives from District 173, first elected in 2004. In 2010, he did not seek reelection and was the Republican nominee in the 2010 U.S. House of Representatives elections, 2nd District.  Keown was defeated by incumbent Democrat Sanford Bishop in a close election.

Keown campaigned for the Republican nomination for Georgia State Senate, District 11 in a special election in 2013 following the resignation of John Bulloch. He was one of the top two vote-getters in the January 2013 election, but lost in the February 2013 run-off to Dean Burke.

Sanford Bishop
Sanford Dixon Bishop Jr. (born February 4, 1947) is an American lawyer and politician serving as the U.S. representative for Georgia's 2nd congressional district since 1993. He became the dean of Georgia's congressional delegation after the death of John Lewis. A member of the Blue Dog Coalition, he belongs to the moderate faction of the Democratic Party. His district is in southwestern Georgia and includes Albany, Thomasville, and most of Columbus and Macon.
Cocktail (2012 film)
Cocktail is a 2012 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy film directed by Homi Adajania, written by Imtiaz Ali, and produced by Saif Ali Khan and Dinesh Vijan under their respective banners Illuminati Films and Maddock Films along with Eros International. It stars  Saif Ali Khan, Deepika Padukone and Diana Penty (in her acting debut). The film soundtrack was composed by Pritam, Yo Yo Honey Singh and Salim–Sulaiman.

Cocktail was released in theatres on 13 July 2012 to mixed to positive critical success and great commercial success, grossing ₹126 crore worldwide, and was one of the highest grossing Hindi films of 2012. It received praise towards the direction, soundtrack, humor, cinematography, costumes and cast performances. At the 58th Filmfare Awards, Cocktail received four nominations including Best Actress (Padukone) and Best Female Debut (Penty).

Maddock Films
Maddock Films is an Indian film production company founded by Indian producer and director Dinesh Vijan in 2005. Maddock has produced Hindi films such as Love Aaj Kal (2009), Cocktail (2012), Badlapur (2015), Hindi Medium (2017) and its sequel Angrezi Medium, Luka Chuppi (2019), Bala (2019), Mimi (2021), Zara Hatke Zara Bachke (2023) and Chhaava (2025).

They also have their own film universe called the Maddock Horror Comedy Universe which consists of Stree (2018), Stree 2 (2024), Bhediya (2022) and Munjya (2024) and Thamma (2025). The franchise has been commercially successful, having grossed a combined ₹1,186 crore against a combined budget of ₹235 crore.
Better Than Life
Better Than Life is a science fiction comedy novel by Grant Naylor, the collective name for Rob Grant and Doug Naylor, co-creators and writers of the Red Dwarf television series, on which the novel is based. The main plotline was developed and expanded from the Red Dwarf episode of the same name, as well as the Series 3 and 4 episodes: White Hole, Marooned, Polymorph, and Backwards.

The book, first published 1990, is a sequel to Red Dwarf: Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers, and was the first Red Dwarf novel to receive its first print run in hardback edition. Like the first novel, Better Than Life became a best seller and was reproduced in paperback, omnibus and audiobook versions. Two further novels, Last Human and Backwards, were each created as alternate sequels by the writers, and followed in 1995 and 1996 respectively.

Rob Grant
Robert Grant (25 September 1955 – 25 February 2026) was an English comedy writer, television producer and co-creator of the Red Dwarf comedy franchise. After Red Dwarf, Grant wrote two television series, The Strangerers and Dark Ages, and four solo novels, his last being Fat. During his career Grant was involved in two distinct writing partnerships: the first with Doug Naylor, and the second with Andrew Marshall.
Killing of Bich Cau Thi Tran
The killing of Bich Cau Thi Tran (also known incorrectly as Cau Bich Tran) occurred in San Jose, California, on July 13, 2003. She was fatally shot by a San Jose Police officer in her home. Bích Câu was wielding an Asian vegetable peeler at two police officers and was then shot once in the chest. The incident led to protests from the Vietnamese American community in San Jose, accusing the officer of using excessive force. Her family was awarded $1.8 million in a lawsuit filed against the city of San Jose.

San Jose Police Department
The San Jose Police Department (SJPD) is the police agency for San Jose, California.  The San Jose Police Department is led by Chief of Police Paul Joseph.

The department makes its calls for service available to the public; it is the first American city police department to make all 911 calls available via online CrimeReports.com maps. The 911 call data is updated daily.
Council of Pisa (1135)
The Council of Pisa, was convened by Pope Innocent II in May 1135. An extraordinary number of prelates, archbishops, bishops, monks, and abbots attended the council, including a large number of Italian clergy. The council addressed simony, schismatic clerics, heresy, as well as donations to the Templar Order. Pisa would be the third council Innocent would convene to address issues within the Catholic Church.

Pope Innocent II
Pope Innocent II (Latin: Innocentius II; died 24 September 1143), born Gregorio Papareschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 14 February 1130 to his death in 1143. His election as pope was controversial, and the first eight years of his reign were marked by a struggle for recognition against the supporters of Anacletus II. He reached an understanding with King Lothair III of Germany, who supported him against Anacletus, and whom he crowned Holy Roman emperor. Innocent went on to preside over the Second Council of the Lateran.
Marek Jakubiak
Marek Jakubiak (born 30 April 1959) is a Polish politician and brewer, who has served as President of WR since 2024. He has also served as Secretary-General of Kukiz'15 since 2023. He was a member of the Sejm from 2015 to 2019, and again from 2023.

In 2015, he was elected to the Sejm, starting from the Kukiz'15 list in the Płock constituency. He was not re-elected in 2019. He is a member of the Sejm again after the 2023 election.

In 2020 and 2025, he ran for the office of President, earning 33,652 votes (0.17%) in the 2020 presidential election and 150,698 (0.77%) in the 2025 presidential election. Following both elections, he endorsed the Law and Justice candidate for the second round - Andrzej Duda and Karol Nawrocki in 2020 and 2025 respectively.

Direct Democracy (Polish parliamentary group)
Direct Democracy (Polish: Demokracja Bezpośrednia, DB) is a right-wing parliamentary group in the Sejm of Poland, founded on 18 October 2024 by Kukiz’15 members. Before 2026, it was known as the Free Republicans.
2023 Cambridge City Council election
The 2023 Cambridge City Council election took place on 4 May 2023 to elect members of Cambridge City Council in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England. This was on the same day as other local elections across England. A major issue was a proposed congestion charge.

Labour retained its majority on the council, but replaced its leader after the election, with Mike Davey being appointed the new leader of the council at the subsequent annual council meeting on 25 May 2023.

Cambridge Congestion Charge
The Cambridge Congestion Charge, or Sustainable Travel Zone was a scrapped congestion pricing scheme proposed by the Greater Cambridge Partnership that was scheduled for completion in 2027/28. The scheme proposed a £5 minimum daily charge on vehicles entering the city of Cambridge, increased to £10 for vans, and to £50 for heavy goods vehicles and coaches. Exceptions were proposed for "emergency vehicles, disabled tax class vehicles and breakdown services", among others. The scheme became the subject of local controversy, with 58% of respondents recording their opposition to the scheme in an official consultation, which the GCP believed would help fund transport provision and reduce congestion. It was scrapped in September 2023 after Liberal Democrats blocked progress on the proposals.
CNOOC Petroleum North America
CNOOC Petroleum North America ULC, formerly known as Nexen, is a Canadian oil and gas company based in Calgary, Alberta.

Originally the Canadian subsidiary of US-based Occidental Petroleum (known as Canadian Occidental Petroleum or CanOxy), it became an independent company, Nexen, in 2000. Nexen was acquired by Hong Kong–based CNOOC Limited in 2013, and was rebranded under the current name at the end of 2018.

It had three growth strategies as of 2013: oil sands and shale gas in western Canada as well as conventional exploration and development primarily in the North Sea, offshore in West Africa, and deepwater exploration in the Gulf of Mexico.

Nexen Building
801 Seventh Avenue S.W., commonly known as the Nexen Building, is a high rise office building in downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

It is a 37-storey skyscraper, with a height of 153 m (502 ft). It was designed by CPV Group Architects and Engineers Ltd and built by CANA Construction Company Limited. The late-modernist building was completed in 1982.

The Nexen Building employs a composite stub-girder steel-frame floor system, originally developed in part by Joseph Colaco.

It is unique in that it is one of the few buildings in Calgary that do not follow the traditional grid pattern of the downtown core. Instead of facing south–north, or east–west, it stands diagonally.
Thomas Edison House
Thomas Edison House is a historic house located in the Butchertown neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky. The house is a shotgun duplex built around 1850. Thomas Edison took up residence in the same neighborhood, possibly even at this location, a part of the time he lived in Louisville from 1866 to 1867. The house features a museum that honors Edison and his inventions.

Butchertown, Louisville
Butchertown is a neighborhood just east of downtown Louisville, Kentucky, United States, bounded by I-65, Main Street, I-71, Beargrass Creek and Mellwood Avenue.

The Butchertown Historic District is a 50 acres (20 ha) part which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.  It includes the 1914-built Beaux Arts Stockyard Exchange Building designed by D.X. Murphy and Brother.
The Shepherd of the Southern Cross
The Shepherd of the Southern Cross is a 1914 Australian silent film about an Englishwoman torn between two men. It was the first feature film produced by Australasian Films.

It is considered a lost film.

Australasian Films
Australasian Films, full name Union Theatres and Australasian Films, was an Australian film distribution and production company formed in 1913 that was wound up in the 1930s to merge into Greater Union. The Union Theatres and Australasian Films dominated cinema in Australia in the 1910s and 1920s.
Jānis Krūmiņš
Jānis Krūmiņš (30 January 1930 – 20 November 1994) was a Soviet-Latvian professional basketball player. Helped by his height (about 220 cm, or 7'3"), he was the first giant center that dominated under European baskets, for years. As a player of the senior Soviet Union national basketball team, Krūmiņš won 3 gold medals at the 1959, 1961, and 1963 EuroBaskets, as well as 3 silver medals at the 1956, 1960, and 1964 Summer Olympic Games.

A Russian poll that was conducted in 2006, named Krūmiņš as the 3rd most popular Soviet men's basketball player of all time, after Arvydas Sabonis and Vladimir Tkachenko.

1958–59 FIBA European Champions Cup
The 1958–59 FIBA European Champions Cup' was the second season of the European top-tier level professional basketball club competition FIBA European Champions Cup (now called EuroLeague). It was won by Rīgas ASK for the second straight time, after they again beat Academic, in both EuroLeague Finals games (79–58 & 69–67). Riga defeated Lech Poznań in the semifinals, and Honvéd in the quarterfinals.
William Pearce Howland
Sir William Pearce Howland, PC, KCMG, CB (29 May 1811 – 1 January 1907) was a Canadian politician who served as the second Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, from 1868 to 1873. As a member of the Executive Council of the Province of Canada from November 1864 to 1867, he was one of the Fathers of Confederation who attended the London Conference of 1866.

London Conference of 1866
The London Conference (French: Conférence de Londres) was held in London, in the United Kingdom, in 1866. It was the third and final in a series of conferences that led to Canadian Confederation in 1867. Sixteen delegates from the Province of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick gathered to set out the final outline of the proposed Canadian Confederation, resulting in the British North America Act, 1867 (now the Constitution Act, 1867).

Upon the conclusion of the discussions by the delegates, the British government directed that a bill be drafted to implement the resolutions of the Conference.  Introduced in 1867, the British North America Act, 1867 was passed by both Houses of Parliament and then received royal assent from Queen Victoria on March 29, 1867.  It was proclaimed in force on July 1, 1867, creating the Dominion of Canada.
Gbéléban Department
Gbéléban Department is a department of Kabadougou Region in Denguélé District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 29,532 and its seat is the settlement of Gbéléban. The sub-prefectures of the department are Gbéléban, Samango and Seydougou.

Denguélé District
Denguélé District (French: district du Denguélé, [distʁikt dy dɛnɡele]) is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the northwest corner of the country. The capital of the district is Odienné.
René
René (born again or reborn in French) is a common first name in French-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and German-speaking countries. It derives from the Latin name Renatus.

René is the masculine form of the name (Renée being the feminine form). In some non-Francophone countries, however, there exists the habit of giving the name René (sometimes spelled without an accent) to girls as well as boys. 
In addition, both forms are used as surnames (family names).

René as a first name given to boys in the United States reached its peaks in popularity in 1969 and 1983 when it ranked 256th. Since 1983 its popularity has steadily declined and it ranked 881st in 2016.
René as a first name given to girls in the United States reached its peak in popularity in 1962 when it ranked 306th. The last year for which René was ranked in the top 1000 names given to girls in the United States was 1988.

Renée
Renée (without the accent in non-French speaking countries) is a French feminine given name and surname.

Renée is the female form of René, with the extra "e" making it feminine according to French grammar. The name Renée is the French form of the late Roman name Renatus and the meaning is reborn or born again. In medieval times, the meaning was associated with the Christian concept of being spiritually born again through baptism.

Renee was among the top 100 names given to girls in the United States in the late 1950s, the 1960s, the 1970s and the early 1980s. It ranked as the 734th most popular name given to American girls in 2008 and is continuing to fall in popularity.
Magnificent Obsession (1935 film)
Magnificent Obsession is a 1935 American melodrama film directed by John M. Stahl from a screenplay by Sarah Y. Mason, Victor Heerman, and George O'Neil, based on the 1929 novel by Lloyd C. Douglas. The film stars Irene Dunne, Robert Taylor, Charles Butterworth, and Betty Furness.

Magnificent Obsession
Magnificent Obsession is a 1929 novel by American author Lloyd C. Douglas. It was one of four of his books that were eventually made into blockbuster motion pictures, the other three being The Robe, White Banners and The Big Fisherman.
The Political and Ecclesiastical Allegory of the First Book of the Faerie Queene
The Political and Ecclesiastical Allegory of the First Book of the Faerie Queene is a book written by Frederick Morgan Padelford to explain the allegories within the poem The Faerie Queene by Edmund Spenser. The book was first published in 1911 in Boston by Ginn and Company as part of a series of University of Washington publications. The book has been republished since and is widely cited in papers and books related to the study of Spenser and his works.

The book has been reviewed by the Journal of English and Germanic Philology, The Sewanee Review, and The Dial, among others.

Frederick Morgan Padelford
Frederick Morgan Padelford (1875–1942), pronounced Pa-DEL-ford, was an American professor and author. He worked at the University of Washington in Seattle for 41 years. He chaired the English Department and served as dean of the graduate school. The Orbis Cascade Alliance has a collection of his papers.

Padelford graduated with a B.A. from Colby College (1896) and a PhD from Yale (1899). He also received an LLD from Mills College in 1936.

He was a Spenserian scholar. A review of one of his works described him as writing with great spirit and mastery of evidence.

He married Jessie Elizabeth (Bessie) Pepper (1874–1967). Her father was President of Colby College. Their children were Morgan, Charlie, Eunice, and Philip Sidney Padelford (June 8, 1912 – October 12, 2009).

Padelford Hall, a building on the University of Washington Seattle campus, is named in his honor.