hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Neaves, Lord Neaves
Charles Neaves, Lord Neaves FRSE (14 October 1800 – 23 December 1876) was a Scottish advocate, judge, theologian and writer.  He served as Solicitor General (1852), as a judge of the Court of Session, the supreme court of Scotland (1854), and as Rector of the University of St Andrews (1872).

Neaves was known as one of the early analysts of the history of evolution, and is often quoted regarding the subjects of evolution and women's rights.

Rector of the University of St Andrews
The lord rector of the University of St Andrews is an elected position, usually also the president of the University Court of the University of St Andrews; the University Court is the supreme governing body of the university.
Master of Criminal Justice
The Master of Criminal Justice (abbreviated MCJ) is a postgraduate professional master's degree that is designed as a terminal degree for professionals in the field of criminal justice, criminology, or as preparation for doctoral programs.

Areas of concentration include probation and court services, administration, forensic anthropology, forensic psychology, justice administration, security management, corrections and correctional counseling, homeland security, crime and delinquency, crime analysis, prevention and control, human services, criminal justice planning and research, crime scene investigation, global issues, law, leadership and executive management, and public safety.

Criminal justice
Criminal justice is the delivery of justice when a crime is committed. The criminal justice system is a series of government agencies and institutions. Goals include retribution, reformation and rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes, and support for victims. The primary institutions of the criminal justice system are the police, prosecution and defense lawyers, the courts and the prison system.
Solaris Urbino 12 hydrogen
The Solaris Urbino 12 hydrogen is a low-floor bus in the urban MAXI class from the Solaris Urbino family, manufactured by Solaris Bus & Coach. It is powered by electricity generated from hydrogen fuel cells. Unveiled in 2019, it builds on the Solaris Urbino 12 and its electric variant, the Solaris Urbino 12 electric.

Low-floor bus
A low-floor bus is a bus or trolleybus that has no steps between the ground and the floor of the bus at one or more entrances, and low floor for part or all of the passenger cabin. A bus with a partial low floor may also be referred to as a low-entry bus or seldom a flat-floor bus in some locations.

Low floor refers to a bus deck that is accessible from the sidewalk with only a single step with a small height difference, caused solely by the difference between the bus deck and sidewalk. This is distinct from high-floor, a bus deck design that requires climbing one or more steps (now known as step entrance) to access the interior floor that is placed at a higher height.  Being low-floor improves the accessibility of the bus for the public, particularly the elderly and people with disabilities, including those using wheelchairs and walkers. Almost all are rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout.
1921 Woolwich East by-election
The 1921 Woolwich East by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 2 March 1921 for the British House of Commons constituency of Woolwich East, in the Metropolitan Borough of Woolwich in London.

Woolwich East (UK Parliament constituency)
Woolwich East was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1918 until 1983. Its seat was Woolwich, now in the Royal Borough of Greenwich in south-east London.

The constituency was formed for the 1918 general election, when the constituency of Woolwich was divided into Woolwich East and Woolwich West, and abolished in 1983 when it was largely replaced by a new Woolwich constituency. Between 1950 and 1974 it included North Woolwich on the north bank of the River Thames; this was then transferred to Newham South.

Throughout its 65-year existence, the constituency elected Labour MPs with the sole exception of a Conservative elected in a 1921 by-election.
Meilifeilong
Meilifeilong (lit. 'beautiful flying dragon') is an extinct genus of chaoyangopterid pterosaurs from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of China. The genus contains two species. The type species, M. youhao, was described in 2023 based on an almost complete skeleton and a partial isolated skull. The second species, M. sanyainus, was described earlier in 2023 as a species of Shenzhoupterus, based on a complete skull and skeleton. Meilifeilong is the best-preserved and most complete chaoyangopterid currently known.

Chaoyangopteridae
Chaoyangopteridae (or chaoyangopterids) is a family of pterosaurs within the larger group Azhdarchoidea. Chaoyangopterids lived mostly during the Early Cretaceous period, though possible members, Microtuban, Xericeps and Argentinadraco, may extend the fossil range to the Late Cretaceous.
Michael Culhane
Michael Culhane is a fictional character from the ABC television series Dynasty, created by Richard and Esther Shapiro. Portrayed by Wayne Northrop, the character is introduced in the series' 1981 pilot episode as the chauffeur of oil tycoon Blake Carrington (John Forsythe). Michael is also having an affair with Blake's self-indulgent daughter, Fallon (Pamela Sue Martin). Northrop left the series at the end of the first season, but returned for season seven, during which Michael dates Fallon's sister, Amanda (Karen Cellini). In The CW's 2017 reboot of the series, Michael is portrayed by Robert Christopher Riley.

Blake Carrington
Blake Alexander Carrington is a fictional character on the ABC television series Dynasty, created by Richard and Esther Shapiro. The role of Blake was originally portrayed by actor John Forsythe from 1981 to 1989. Forsythe returned for the miniseries Dynasty: The Reunion in 1991. In the reboot of the series, Blake is played by Grant Show from 2017 to 2022.

Patriarch of the Carrington family, self-made CEO of monolithic Denver-Carrington, and the principal character of the series, oil tycoon Blake Carrington is initially a ruthless man in both business and family matters. The character soon softens into a more benevolent patriarchal figure due to Forsythe's influence.
Miss Thailand World 2018
Miss Thailand World 2018 was the 28th edition of the Miss Thailand World auditioned on July 21-July 22, 2018. Pageant held at The Berkeley Pratunam Hotel in Bangkok on 15 September 2018. Jinnita Buddee from Chiang Rai crowned her successor at the end of the event.

The coronation pageant was broadcast  live on Channel 3 Thailand. The crowned winner was Nicolene Bunchu of Bangkok represented Thailand at  Miss World 2018 competition in Sanya, China on December 8, 2018. She went on to achieve the Runner Up position, the highest position ever achieved by a Thai candidate at Miss World.

Miss World Thailand
Miss World Thailand (also known as Miss Thailand World) is a Thai national pageant in which the winner compete in the Miss World, one of the Big Four major international beauty pageants.

The current Miss World Thailand is Suchata Chuangsri of Phuket. She represented Thailand at Miss World 2025 in Hyderabad, India and went on to win.
Jayakatwang rebellion
Jayakatwang rebellion was a rebellion that occurred in 1292, due to Jayakatwang's ambition to become king and past grudges where his ancestor, Kertajaya, was defeated by the ancestor of Kertanagara, Ken Arok. Various Old Javanese records such as Nagarakretagama, Pararaton, Kidung Harsawijaya, and Kidung Panji Wijayakrama mention that Jayakatwang was a subordinate king in Kadiri who rebelled against Kertanagara's power in Singhasari.

Singhasari
Singhasari (Javanese: ꦏꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦱꦶꦔ꧀ꦲꦱꦫꦶ, romanized: Karaton Singhasari or Karaton Singosari, Indonesian: Kerajaan Singasari), also known as Tumapel, was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist kingdom located in east Java between 1222 and 1292. The kingdom succeeded the Kingdom of Kediri as the dominant kingdom in eastern Java. The kingdom's name is cognate to the Singosari district of Malang Regency, located several kilometres north of Malang City.
Vollrath Tham
Vollrath Sebastian Adolf Wilhelm Tham (3 December 1913 – 28 January 1995) was a Swedish Army officer. Tham served in the Volunteer Corps during the Winter War in Finland and as battalion commander in Congo during the Congo Crisis. Tham retired as a lieutenant colonel in 1968.

Swedish Volunteer Corps
The Swedish Volunteer Corps (Swedish: Svenska frivilligkåren) during the Winter War numbered 9,640 officers and men. Sweden was officially non-belligerent during the war, so the Corps was used by Finland. The Swedish volunteers were in the front lines in the northern Salla area starting from February 28, 1940. Their losses included 33 dead, 10 missing, 50 wounded, and 130 disabled by frostbite. There were also 25 aircraft that served in the Swedish Voluntary Air Force, F19. Swedish volunteers also defended Turku in an anti-aircraft battery.

By the end of the war, the Volunteer Corps was composed of 8,260 Swedes, plus 725 Norwegians, and 600 Danes. They demonstrated a strong Nordic unity that was symbolized in their "four brother hands" insignia which represented Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.

The Volunteer Corps preceded the Swedish Volunteer Battalion and the Swedish Volunteer Company in World War II.
2015 Doha Diamond League
The 2015 Doha Diamond League was the 17th edition of the annual outdoor track and field meeting in Doha, Qatar. Held on 15 May at Suheim bin Hamad Stadium, it was the opening leg of the 2015 Diamond League – the highest level international track and field circuit.

2015 Diamond League
The 2015 IAAF Diamond League was the sixth season of the annual series of outdoor track and field meetings, organised by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). It consisted of fourteen one-day meetings, starting on 15 May in Doha, Qatar, and ending on 11 September in Brussels, Belgium. Other events were held in Shanghai, Eugene, Rome, Birmingham, Oslo, New York City, Paris, Lausanne, Fontvieille, Monaco, London, Stockholm, and Zürich. All previous venues remained on the tour, with the exception that London returned to host the second meeting in the United Kingdom, having been replaced by Glasgow during the 2014 IAAF Diamond League.
DC Comics Graphic Novel Collection
DC Comics Graphic Novel Collection was a fortnightly partwork magazine published by Eaglemoss Collections and DC Comics in the UK. The series was a collection of special edition hardback graphic novels, collecting significant DC Comics superhero story-arcs as well as bonus origin stories for the characters within.

Partwork
A partwork is a written publication released as a series of planned magazine-like issues over a period of time.  Issues are typically released on a weekly, fortnightly or monthly basis, and often a completed set is designed to form a reference work on a particular topic.
Crescent, Michigan
Crescent is a ghost town located on the west shore of North Manitou Island off the Leelanau Peninsula, in Leelanau County, Michigan. The small town was first settled in the 1860s with the arrival of logging and farming industries and European immigrants, reaching its heyday in the early 1900s with the peak of the logging industry on the island. After the mills shut down in 1917, the town was abandoned with the island as a whole pivoting away from industry towards small scale tourism.

Buildings and other remnants of the town were torn down over the years, with the few remaining buildings currently under the purview of the National Park Service as part of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore after the purchase of the island in 1983. Today, the ghost town is accessible via trails on the island reachable by ferry from Leland.

North Manitou Island
North Manitou Island (/ˈmænətu/ MAN-ə-too) is located in Lake Michigan, approximately 12 miles (19 km) west-northwest of Leland, Michigan.  It is nearly eight miles long and more than four miles (6 km) wide, with 20 miles (32 km) of shoreline. It has a land area of 57.876 km2 (22.346 sq mi) and has no population. The smaller South Manitou Island lies to its southwest.
Durham Huskies (1996–2001)
The Durham Huskies were a Junior "A" ice hockey team from the town of Durham, Ontario, Canada. The Huskies played in the Metro Junior A Hockey League for two seasons and the Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League for three seasons. The Huskies were a continuance of the Traditional Durham Huskies Senior/Intermediate team that existed from 1920 until 1992.

Durham Huskies
The Durham Huskies were an ice hockey franchise based in the town of Durham, Ontario, Canada.  The team is actually a series of teams that have spanned nine decades and through an uncountable series of leagues.  The Huskies have existed under of couple short lived monikers before finding their name by accident in the 1950s.  This team has spanned the Junior, Intermediate, and Senior levels of Ontario hockey.
Estadio Bautista Gargantini
Estadio Bautista Gargantini is a stadium located on General San Martín Park in the city of Mendoza, Argentina. It is owned and operated by Club Independiente Rivadavia. The stadium holds 16,000 people, being the 2nd. largest stadium in the province after Estadio Malvinas Argentinas.

The stadium is named after Bautista Gargantini, one of the founding members of Independiente Rivadavia and five-times president of the institution. Gargantini was one of the initiators of the merger of Club Atlético Independiente and Club Sportivo Rivadavia, which resulted in the creation of "Independiente Rivadavia".

In 2024, Independiente Rivadavia drew an average home attendance of 23,488 in the Argentine top-flight football league.

Independiente Rivadavia
Club Sportivo Independiente Rivadavia (mostly known simply as Independiente Rivadavia) is a football club from Mendoza, Argentina. The team currently plays in the Argentine Primera División, the first major league in the Argentine Football league system.

Independiente Rivadavia played in the Argentine Primera in 1968, 1973, 1977, 1979–80 and 1982, when the team reached the quarter-finals of the National Championship. That year Independiente was eliminated in the play-offs by the team that would later reach the Championship, Ferro Carril Oeste.
Frauenberg, Rhineland-Palatinate
Frauenberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Baumholder, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Baumholder
Baumholder (German pronunciation: [baʊmˈhɔldɐ] ⓘ) is a town in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, in the Westrich, an historic region that encompasses areas in both Germany and France. The town of Baumholder is the administrative seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde, a state-recognised tourism resort and, according to state planning, a middle centre.
James E. Allen Jr.
James Edward Allen Jr. (April 25, 1911 – October 16, 1971) was the Commissioner of Education of the State of New York from 1955 to 1969 and served briefly as Richard Nixon's U.S. Commissioner of Education. He ordered New York school boards to comply with the 1962 U. S. Supreme Court order banning prayer in New York schools and began desegregation of New York Public Schools.

Commissioner of Education of New York
The commissioner of education of New York is the head of the State Education Department, chosen by the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York. The commissioner also serves as the president of the University of the State of New York office. Generally, the regents set policy while the commissioner has responsibility for carrying out policy.
Armenian Prelacy of Isfahan
The Armenian Prelacy of Isfahan, (Armenian: Սպահանի հայոց թեմ ; Persian: خلیفه‌گری ارامنه اصفهان),  is Oriental Orthodox Christian diocese (or eparchy) of the Armenian Apostolic Church in New Julfa, Isfahan, Iran. It is within the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholicossate of the Great House of Cilicia, seated in Antelias, since 1960.

Before that it was called the Armenian Apostolic Diocese of Persia and India (Armenian: Իրանա-Հնդկաստանի հայոց թեմ ; Persian: خلیفه‌گری ارامنه ایران و هندوستان) and was under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholicossate of All Armenians in Vagharshapat. It was originally founded by Khachatur Kesaratsi after establishment of New Julfa in early 17th century.

The Diocese of Isfahan and Southern Iran is currently headed by Archbishop Sipan Kashchian.

Khachatur Kesaratsi
Khachatur Kesaratsi (Armenian: Խաչատուր Կեսարացի; 1590–1646) was an Armenian archbishop in Safavid Iran. He is credited with the founding of the first printing press in Iran, in 1633, or 1636. In 1638, the first book was printed; a Saghmosaran (Psalter).
Recarving Rushmore
Recarving Rushmore: Ranking the Presidents on Peace, Prosperity, And Liberty is a non-fiction book authored by American socio-political commentator Ivan Eland. Published in 2009 by the Independent Institute, the book reviews the history of the United States, ranking presidents who have led the nation. Taking issue with previous accounts in which historians have ranked the officials, the author applies his libertarian values to judge each president.

LewRockwell.com published a supportive review of the book. The official website of the U.S. Libertarian Party praised Recarving Rushmore as well in a blog post about the book, with Eland's writing lauded as being "direct and fair".

A revised version of the book came out in 2014.

The title alludes to the famous American monument Mount Rushmore, also known as the Shrine of Democracy.

Historical rankings of presidents of the United States
In political studies, since the mid 20th-century, surveys have been conducted in order to construct historical rankings of the success of the presidents of the United States. Ranking systems are usually based on surveys of academic historians and political scientists, or popular opinion. The scholarly rankings focus on presidential achievements, leadership qualities, failures, and faults. Among such scholarly rankings, Abraham Lincoln is most often ranked as the best, while his predecessor James Buchanan is most often ranked as the worst. Popular-opinion polls typically focus on recent or well-known presidents.
Hari Chand Dewan
Air Marshal Hari Chand Dewan, PVSM (20 September 1921 – 22 August 2017) was an Indian Air Force officer. He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1972 for his services at the head of the Eastern Air Command in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
The Ladd School
41°33′14″N 71°32′34″W﻿ / ﻿41.5539°N 71.5428°W﻿ / 41.5539; -71.5428
The Ladd School in Exeter, Rhode Island operated from 1908 to 1993 as a state institution to serve the needs of people with mental disabilities or developmental delays.  It was closed largely due to the deinstitutionalization movement of the 1980s.

Exeter, Rhode Island
Exeter is a town in Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. Exeter extends east from the Connecticut border to the town of North Kingstown. It is bordered to the north by West Greenwich and East Greenwich, and to the south by Hopkinton, Richmond, and South Kingstown. Exeter's postal code is 02822, although small parts of the town have the mailing address West Kingston (02892) or Saunderstown (02874). The population was 6,460 at the 2020 census.
Picolaton
The picolaton (also known as the pique-au-mollet, quiperlibresson and cacalambri) is an imaginary bird present in the folklore of Franche-Comté.

It is best known as a creature used to threaten lazy children, by saying that the picolaton would nip their heels and buttocks if they did not hurry. It is thus akin to the bogeyman. Particularly irritating children are promised a visit to the incredible nest of the fabulous bird around April Fool's Day, provided they are very good and obedient. It supposedly nests in thorn bushes.

Bogeyman
The bogeyman (/ˈboʊɡimæn/; also spelled or known as bogyman, bogy, or bogey, and boogeyman in the United States and Canada) is a mythical creature typically used to frighten children into good behaviour. Bogeymen have no specific appearances, and conceptions vary drastically by household and culture, but they are most commonly depicted as masculine, androgynous or even feminine monsters that punish children for misbehaviour. The bogeyman, and conceptually similar monsters, can be found in many cultures around the world. Bogeymen may target a specific act or general misbehaviour, depending on the purpose of invoking the figure, often on the basis of a warning from an authority figure to a child. The term is sometimes used as a non-specific personification of, or metonym for, terror – and sometimes the Devil.
Daagh Dehlvi
Nawab Mirza Khan (Urdu: نواب مرزا خان داغ دہلوی, 25 May 1831 – 17 March 1905), popularly known by his takhallus Dagh Dehlvi was an Indian poet known for his Urdu ghazals. He belonged to the old Delhi school of Urdu poetry.

He wrote romantic and sensuous poems and ghazals in simple and chaste Urdu, minimising usage of Persian words. He laid great emphasis on the Urdu idiom and its usage. He wrote under the takhallus (Urdu word for pen name) Daagh Dehlvi (the meanings of Daagh, an Urdu noun, include stain, grief and taint while Dehlvi means belonging to or from Dehli or Delhi). He belonged to the Delhi school of thought in Urdu poetry.

His honorific Dabeer ud Dawla, Faseeh ul Mulk, Nawab Nizam Jang Bahadur, Sipah Salar, Yar-e-Wafadar, Muqrib-us-Sultan, Bulbul-e-Hindustan, Jahan Ustad, Nazim Yar Jung, were the titles bestowed upon him by the sixth Nizam of Hyderabad Mir Mahbub Ali Khan.

Daagh was considered one of the best romantic poets of his time by some commentators.

Mahboob Ali Khan
Asaf Jah VI, also known as Sir Mir Mahboob Ali Khan Siddiqi GCB GCSI (17 August 1866 – 29 August 1911), was the sixth Nizam of Hyderabad. He ruled Hyderabad State, one of the princely states of India, between 1869 and 1911.