hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
VII Corps Observation Group
The VII Corps Observation Group was an Air Service, United States Army unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I as part of the First Army Air Service.  It was later transferred to the Third Army Air Service as part of the United States Occupation of the Rhineland after the 1918 Armistice with Germany.

The group was demobilized in Germany on 12 May 1919 and its members returned to the United States. There is no modern United States Air Force unit that shares its lineage and history.

Third Army Air Service
The Third Army Air Service was a United States Army Air Service organization stationed in France and Occupied Germany in the immediate aftermath of World War I. It was demobilized in Germany on 2 July 1919.  There is no modern United States Air Force unit that shares its lineage and history.
Bolgheri railway station
Bolgheri railway station is an Italian railway station on the Tirrenica railway line, located in the municipality of Bibbona, Province of Livorno, Tuscany. It takes its name from the nearby village of Bolgheri.

Pisa–Rome railway
The Pisa–Rome railway (also called the ferrovia Tirrenica—"Tyrrhenian Railway") is one of the trunk lines of the Italian railway network. It connects Italy’s northwest with its south, running along the Tyrrhenian coast between the Italian regions of Tuscany and Lazio, through the provinces of Livorno, Grosseto, Viterbo and Rome. The line is double track and is fully electrified at 3,000 V DC. Passenger traffic is managed by Trenitalia.

An international branch line connects from the Pisa–Rome railway at Roma San Pietro railway station to Vatican City: the 300-metre Vatican railway.
Abidine Guindo
Abidine Guindo is a Malian colonel and the former commander of the 33rd Parachute Commando Regiment. He participated in and led the failed counter-coup attempt against Amadou Haya Sanogo in April 2012.

Amadou Sanogo
Amadou Haya Sanogo (born 1972 or 1973) is a Malian military officer who was leader of the 2012 Malian coup d'état against President Amadou Toumani Touré. He proclaimed himself the leader of the National Committee for Recovering Democracy and Restoring the State (CNRDRE). Sanogo was also said to be involved in the arrest and resignation of acting Prime Minister Cheick Modibo Diarra in December 2012, leading to the appointment of civil servant Django Sissoko as Prime Minister. According to Human Rights Watch, Sanogo’s forces were implicated in serious human rights abuses including torture, sexual abuse, and intimidation against journalists and family members of detained soldiers.
Colossus (novel)
Colossus is a 1966 science fiction novel by British author Dennis Feltham Jones (writing as D. F. Jones), about super-computers taking control of mankind. Two sequels, The Fall of Colossus (1974) and Colossus and the Crab (1977) continued the story. Colossus was adapted as the feature film Colossus: The Forbin Project (1970).

AI takeover
An AI takeover is a fictional or hypothetical future event in which autonomous artificial intelligence systems acquire the capability to override human decision-making. This could be achieved through economic manipulation, infrastructure control, or direct intervention, resulting in de facto governance. Scenarios range from economic dominance by way of the replacement of the entire human workforce due to automation to the violent takeover of the world by a robot uprising or rogue AI.

Stories of AI takeovers have been popular throughout science fiction. Commentators argue that recent advancements in the field have heightened concern about such scenarios. In public debate, prominent figures such as Stephen Hawking have advocated research into precautionary measures to ensure future superintelligent machines remain under human control.
Destiny of X
"Destiny of X" is a 2022 relaunch of the X-Men line of comic books published by Marvel Comics. It is the sequel to "Reign of X" following the end of the dual miniseries X Lives of Wolverine and X Deaths of Wolverine. It was the third phase of the Krakoan Age, and the first following the departure of Jonathan Hickman at the end of "Reign of X.” "Destiny of X" included the crossover events A.X.E.: Judgment Day and Sins of Sinister. A sequel, "Fall of X," was launched in August 2023.

A.X.E.: Judgment Day
A.X.E.: Judgment Day, also known as Avengers/X-Men/Eternals: Judgment Day or simply Judgement Day, is an American comic book crossover event during the Krakoan Age written by Kieron Gillen with art by Valerio Schiti, published in 2022 by Marvel Comics. The event involves the discovery of the mutant resurrection protocols and the subsequent conflict between the Avengers, the X-Men and the Eternals.
Kačer (region)
Kačer (Serbian: Качер) is a historical subregion (or microregion) in Šumadija in central Serbia. The most notable settlements are Ljig, Belanovica and Rudnik. It was a knežina (administrative unit) in Revolutionary Serbia and was then organized as a srez of the Rudnik okrug in the Principality of Serbia.

Srez
The srez (Serbian Cyrillic: срез; pl. srezovi / срезови) was a second-level administrative unit in the Principality of Serbia, Kingdom of Serbia and Yugoslavia. It was a district that included several town- or village municipalities. It was introduced in Serbia in 1834, and abolished in 1963–1367 in SFR Yugoslavia. The unit is no longer used, although the katastarski srez is used in cadastral classification of property.
Archdiocese of Vancouver
The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Vancouver (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Vancouveriensis) is a Roman Catholic Latin archdiocese that includes part of the Canadian province of British Columbia.

Its cathedral archiepiscopal see is the Holy Rosary Cathedral, dedicated to the diocesan patron saint Our Lady of the Rosary, in Vancouver, B.C.

The incumbent ordinary of the archdiocese is Richard W. Smith.

Our Lady of the Rosary
Our Lady of the Rosary (Latin: Beatae Mariae Virginis a Rosario), also known as Our Lady of the Holy Rosary, is a Marian title.

The Feast of Our Lady of the Rosary, formerly known as Feast of Our Lady of Victory and Feast of the Holy Rosary is celebrated on 7 October in the General Roman Calendar. 7 October is the anniversary of the decisive victory of the combined fleet of the Holy League of 1571 over the Ottoman Navy at the Battle of Lepanto.

In the Western Rite Vicariate of the Antiochian Orthodox Church, the feast is optionally celebrated on 7 October, under the title The Holy Rosary of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
Abimana Aryasatya
Abimana Aryasatya (born Robertino; 24 October 1982) is an Indonesian actor. He is best known for starring in the films Shackled (2012), 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa (2013), Haji Backpacker (2014), and in the 5th highest-grossing Indonesian film of all time, Warkop DKI Reborn: Jangkrik Boss! Part 1 (2016). He has received multiple awards and nominations such as Indonesian Movie Awards, Indonesian Film Festival, and Indonesian Box Office Movie Awards.

Indonesian Movie Actors Awards
The Annual Indonesian Movie Actor Awards (formerly Indonesian Movie Awards) are annual awards that have been presented to filmmakers in Indonesia since 2007. The trophy given is called Piala Layar Emas. Winners in "Best" categories are selected by a jury, and winners in "Favorite" categories are selected by the public.
Gustavo Caballero
Gustavo Rubén Caballero González (born 21 September 2001) is a Paraguayan professional footballer who plays for EFL Championship club Portsmouth, on loan from Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Santos. Mainly a winger, he can also play as a forward.

He began his career in his country's APF División de Honor, playing 116 games and scoring 19 goals for Deportivo Capiatá, Sportivo Ameliano, and Nacional Asunción. After finishing as joint top scorer of the Apertura in 2025, he transferred to Santos, who then loaned him to Portsmouth.

Caballero represented the Paraguay under-23 team at the 2024 Olympic tournament.

Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's football tournament at the 2024 Summer Olympics was held from 24 July to 9 August 2024. It was the 28th edition of the men's Olympic football tournament. Together with the women's competition, the 2024 Summer Olympics football tournament was held at seven stadiums in seven cities in France. Teams participating in the men's competition were restricted to under-23 players (born on or after 1 January 2001) with a maximum of three overage players allowed.

Brazil were the two-time defending champions, having won in 2016 and 2020, but did not qualify for this tournament.

Spain won their second gold medal and first since 1992, defeating hosts France 5–3 after extra time in the final, held at Parc des Princes in Paris.
Lena Taylor
Lena C. Taylor (born July 25, 1966) is an American lawyer, judge, and former politician serving as a Wisconsin circuit court judge in Milwaukee County, since January 2024. She previously served 19 years as a Democratic member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing the 4th Senate district from 2005 to 2024, and was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly for one term before that.

Taylor previously ran unsuccessfully for Milwaukee County executive in 2008 and mayor of Milwaukee in 2020 and 2022.

Wisconsin's 4th Senate district
The 4th Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in southeast Wisconsin, the district is entirely contained within northern Milwaukee County.  It comprises part of the north side of the city of Milwaukee, as well as the city of Glendale, the village of Shorewood, and parts of northern Wauwatosa and western Brown Deer.  The 4th Senate district is one of two majority-black Senate districts in Wisconsin.
Dunbar–Southlands
Dunbar–Southlands is a neighbourhood situated on the western side of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, that stretches north from the Fraser River and covers most of the land between the mouth of the Fraser and English Bay.

This neighbourhood consists of many commercial and residential areas that mostly consists of single-family dwellings.  It also contains parts of the Mackenzie Heights enclave, and is the home territory of the Musqueam Indian Band.

Musqueam First Nation
The Musqueam Nation is a First Nation whose traditional territory encompasses the western half of what is now Greater Vancouver, in British Columbia, Canada. It is governed by a band council and is known officially as the Musqueam Indian Band under the Indian Act. "Musqueam" (/ˈmʌskwiəm/ ⓘ MUS-kwee-əm) is an anglicization of the Hunʼqumiʼnum name xʷməθkʷəy̓əm, which means "place of the river grass" or "place where the river grass grows" (məθkʷəy̓ being the Hunʼqumiʼnum name of the plant).
Livin' My Love
"Livin' My Love" is a song by American DJ and producer Steve Aoki from his debut studio album Wonderland. It was released as a single on January 10, 2012. The song features vocals by American electro-hop duo LMFAO and Australian singer-songwriter duo Nervo.

Nervo (DJs)
Nervo (stylised as NERVO) are an Australian DJ duo comprising twin sisters Olivia and Miriam Nervo (born 18 February 1982). After signing with Sony/ATV Music Publishing at 18 years of age, the sisters pursued careers as songwriting partners. In 2008, they signed with Fredrik Olsson and his Swedish music publishing company Razor Boy Music Publishing, which led to co-writing the Grammy Award-winning single, "When Love Takes Over", performed by David Guetta and Kelly Rowland. They have been producing and releasing their own music under the Nervo name since 2005, and released their debut album Collateral in 2015.
Our Story (film)
Our Story (original title: Notre histoire, also known as Separate Rooms) is a 1984 French absurdist drama film written and directed by Bertrand Blier and starring Alain Delon and Nathalie Baye. Both Delon and Blier won a César in 1985.

Bertrand Blier
Bertrand Blier (French: [bɛʁtʁɑ̃ blije]; 14 March 1939 – 20 January 2025) was a French film director and writer. His 1978 film Get Out Your Handkerchiefs won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 51st Academy Awards.
James Simpson (wheelchair rugby league)
James Simpson-Hill (né Simpson) MBE is an English former soldier of the British Army and wheelchair rugby league player, and current wheelchair rugby league coach who is currently the head coach of Leeds Rhinos in the RFL Wheelchair Super League whom he spend his entire playing career. He also had an extensive international career representing the England national wheelchair rugby league team.

In the King's 2023 Birthday Honours he was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire for services to wheelchair rugby league football.

RFL Wheelchair Super League
The RFL Wheelchair Super League is the highest level of wheelchair rugby league in England, Scotland and Wales.

The Wheelchair Super League was founded in 2019, whilst the wheelchair competition was played in Great Britain prior to this, 2019 was the first official Super League season.

The league operates a promotion and relegation system with the second tier RFL Wheelchair Championship.

Starting in 2023, the previous year's league champions play the previous year's French Elite 1 champions in the European Club Challenge.
Ancient Iberian coinage
Ancient Iberian coinage began in the fifth century BC, and widespread minting and circulation in the Iberian peninsula began late in the third century, during the Second Punic War. Civic coinages - emissions made by individual cities at their own volition - continued under the first two and a half centuries of Roman control until ending in the mid-first century AD. Some non-civic coins were minted on behalf of Roman emperors during this period and continued to be minted after the cessation of the civic coinages. After the cessation of the civic coinages, these Imperial coins were the only coins minted in Iberia until the coins of the Suebi and Visigoths.

Ancient Iberia was connected to the eastern and central Mediterranean, and so there are links to the Greek, Roman and Punic (Carthaginian) civic coinages. There are also many differences that reflect dynamics within Iberia itself.

Ancient Greek coinage
The history of ancient Greek coinage can be divided (along with most other Greek art forms) into four periods: the Archaic, the Classical, the Hellenistic and the Roman. The Archaic period extends from the introduction of coinage to the Greek world during the 7th century BC until the Persian Wars in about 480 BC. The Classical period then began, and lasted until the conquests of Alexander the Great in about 330 BC, which began the Hellenistic period, extending until the Roman absorption of the Greek world in the 1st century BC. The Greek cities continued to produce their own coins for several more centuries under Roman rule. The coins produced during this period are called Roman provincial coins or Greek Imperial Coins.
Alexei Kim
Alexei Rostislavovich Kim (Russian: Алексей Ростиславович Ким; born 21 September 1958) is a Russian Ground Forces colonel general. Since January 2023 he has been Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Before that he was the Chief of the Main Staff and First Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces from 2022 to 2023.

Kim was appointed one of the three deputy commanders of Russian troops in Ukraine in January 2023.

General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
The General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (Russian: Генеральный штаб Вооружённых сил Российской Федерации, romanized: General'nyy shtab Vooruzhonnykh sil Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is the military staff of the Russian Armed Forces. It is the central organ of the military command of the Armed Forces Administration and oversees operational command of the armed forces under the Russian Ministry of Defence.

As of 2012, the Chief of the General Staff is General of the Army Valery Gerasimov and since 2014, the First Deputy Chief of the General Staff is Colonel General Nikolay Bogdanovsky.

The General Staff Building is located in Moscow at Znamenka Street 19 in the Arbat District. Together with the Main Building of the Ministry of Defense and several Staff directorate office buildings nearby, it forms the so-called "Arbat military district" as it is often referred to among the military personnel to outline the highest supreme command of the Russian Armed Forces.
Townsend House (Wellfleet, Massachusetts)
The Townsend House is a historic house at 290 Paine Hollow Road in Wellfleet, Massachusetts.  The 1+1⁄2-story full Cape style wood-frame house was built in 1804, probably by Doctor James Townsend, whose descendants owned the house well into the 20th century.  The most notable resident was Samuel Campbell, an English engineer who worked with Guglielmo Marconi on the transatlantic wireless facilities in Wellfleet.  The house is notable as a particularly little-altered example of the style, with details typically only found in houses of wealthier owners.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Cape Cod (house)
A Cape Cod house is a low, broad, single or double-story frame building with a moderately-steep-pitched gabled roof, a large central chimney, and very little ornamentation. Originating in New England in the 17th century, the simple symmetrical design was constructed of local materials to withstand the stormy weather of Cape Cod. It features a central front door flanked by multipaned windows. The space above the first floor was often left as unfinished attic space, with or without windows on the gable ends.

The building type enjoyed a boom in popularity and adaptation to modern needs in the 1930s–1950s, particularly with Colonial Revival embellishments. It remains a feature of New England homebuilding.
Muri Junction railway station
Muri Junction, station code MURI, is the railway station serving the remote town of Muri in the Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Muri Junction belongs to the Ranchi division of the South Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways.

South Eastern Railway zone
The South Eastern Railway (abbreviated SER) is one of the 19 railway zones in India. It is headquartered at Garden Reach, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It comprises Adra railway division, Chakradharpur railway division, Kharagpur railway division and Ranchi railway division.
William Henry Harris (academic)
William Henry Harris (28 April 1884 – 23 January 1956) was a British Welsh-speaking priest, academic and translator. Ordained in 1914, he served for most of his life (1919-1941) as a teacher of theology at St David's College, Lampeter, becoming a professor of theology at the college in 1940 and Professor of Welsh in 1941. At the same time, he served at St David's Cathedral as canon (1937) and treasurer (1948). He translated several hymns and liturgical texts into Welsh. As a theologian, he valued the Catholic inheritance in the reformed churches and fostered this inheritance within the Church in Wales. He also served as professor of Welsh at St David's College, Lampeter.

St Davids Cathedral
St Davids Cathedral (Welsh: Eglwys Gadeiriol Tyddewi) is a Church in Wales cathedral situated in St Davids, Britain's smallest city, in the county of Pembrokeshire, near the most westerly point of Wales.
Rasmus Mägi
Rasmus Mägi (born 4 May 1992) is an Estonian hurdler. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the Men's 400 metres hurdles without qualifying for the semifinals. He won the silver medal at the 2014 European Championships. Mägi came in sixth at the 2016 Olympic Games with a national record of 48.40s and in seventh at the 2024 Olympic finals.

2014 European Athletics Championships
The 2014 European Athletics Championships was held in Zürich, Switzerland, between 12 and 17 August 2014. It was the first time that Switzerland had hosted the European Athletics Championships since 1954.

Great Britain headed the medal table, with 12 gold medals, comfortably their best return from a European championships, despite winning only one field event medal. France, second on gold medals won with 9, won the most medals, 25.
Susan Webber Wright
Susan Webber Wright (née Carter; born August 1, 1948) is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas.  Wright is a former judge on the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court.  She received national attention when she first dismissed the sexual harassment lawsuit brought by Paula Jones against President Bill Clinton in 1998, and then, in 1999, found Clinton to be in civil contempt of court.

United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas
The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas (in case citations, E.D. Ark.) is a federal court in the Eighth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The District was established on March 3, 1851, with the division of the state into an Eastern and Western district.

The United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Arkansas represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of November 17, 2021 the United States attorney is Jonathan D. Ross.
Abelian 2-group
In mathematics, an Abelian 2-group is a higher dimensional analogue of an Abelian group, in the sense of higher algebra, which were originally introduced by Alexander Grothendieck while studying abstract structures surrounding Abelian varieties and Picard groups. More concretely, they are given by groupoids  which have a bifunctor  which acts formally like the addition an Abelian group. Namely, the bifunctor  has a notion of commutativity, associativity, and an identity structure. Although this seems like a rather lofty and abstract structure, there are several (very concrete) examples of Abelian 2-groups. In fact, some of which provide prototypes for more complex examples of higher algebraic structures, such as Abelian n-groups.

Functor
In mathematics, specifically category theory, a functor is a mapping between categories.  Functors were first considered in algebraic topology, where algebraic objects (such as the fundamental group) are associated to topological spaces, and maps between these algebraic objects are associated to continuous maps between spaces.   Nowadays, functors are used throughout modern mathematics to relate various categories. Thus, functors are important in every area of mathematics where category theory is applied.

The words category and functor were borrowed by mathematicians from the philosophers Aristotle and Rudolf Carnap, respectively.  The latter used functor in a linguistic context;
see function word.
HMS Pickle (1800)
HMS Pickle was an 8-gun schooner of the Royal Navy. She was originally the 6-gun merchantman Sting that Lord Hugh Seymour purchased to use as a ship's tender on the Jamaica Station. She was present at the Battle of Trafalgar, and though too small to take part in the fighting she was the first ship to bring the news of the British victory to England. Pickle also participated in a notable single-ship action when she captured the French privateer Favorite in 1807. Pickle was wrecked in 1808 without loss of life.

HMS Favourite (1794)
HMS Favourite (or Favorite) was a 16-gun Cormorant-class sloop of the Royal Navy, launched in 1794 at Rotherhithe. The French captured her in 1806 and renamed her Favorite. However, the British recaptured her in 1807 and renamed her HMS Goree. She became a prison ship in 1810 and was broken up in Bermuda in 1817.