hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander horned sphere
The Alexander horned sphere is a pathological object in topology discovered by J. W. Alexander (1924). It is a particular topological embedding of a two-dimensional sphere in three-dimensional space. Together with its inside, it is a topological 3-ball, the Alexander horned ball, and so is simply connected; i.e., every loop can be shrunk to a point while staying inside. However, the exterior is not simply connected, unlike the exterior of the usual round sphere.

Pathological (mathematics)
In mathematics, when a mathematical phenomenon runs counter to some intuition, then the phenomenon is sometimes called pathological. On the other hand, if a phenomenon does not run counter to intuition, it is sometimes called well-behaved or nice. These terms are sometimes useful in mathematical research and teaching, but there is no strict mathematical definition of pathological or well-behaved.
Charles C. Platt Homestead
Charles C. Platt Homestead is a historic home located at Plattsburgh in Clinton County, New York.  It was built about 1802 and is a two-story, rectangular plan dwelling on a stone foundation in the Federal style.  It features a one-story, gable roof rear wing with a board and batten wing behind.  In 1814, it was used as the headquarters for Major-General Sir Thomas Macdougall Brisbane during the Battle of Plattsburgh.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Thomas Brisbane
Major-General Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane, 1st Baronet (23 July 1773 – 27 January 1860) was a British Army officer, colonial administrator and astronomer. He served in many important wars of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, including front-line action during the Peninsular War. Upon the recommendation of the Duke of Wellington, with whom Brisbane had served, he was appointed as Governor of New South Wales from 1821 to 1825.

In the colony, he implemented expansionist land policies that benefited wealthy colonists, while also augmenting the system of convict punishment. A keen astronomer, he built the colony's second observatory and encouraged scientific and agricultural training. Brisbane also declared martial law against the Indigenous Wiradjuri people to quash their resistance to colonisation. The convict settlement of Brisbane established during his tenure was named in his honour and is now the third largest city in Australia.
October Revolution in Jazz
The October Revolution in Jazz was a four-day festival of new jazz music that took place at the Cellar Café in New York City. It occurred from October 1–4, 1964, and was organized by composer and trumpeter Bill Dixon. The success of the festival was directly responsible for the formation of the Jazz Composer's Guild.

Alan Silva
Alan Lee da Silva (born 22 January 1939, in Bermuda) is an American free jazz multi-instrumentalist, best known as a double bassist. He has recorded on keyboards, violin, cello and trumpet among other instruments.
Echinopsidine
Echinopsidine (Adepren) is an antidepressant that was under development in Bulgaria for the treatment of depression. It increases serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine levels in the brain and is believed to act as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Echinopsidine is found naturally in Echinops echinatus along with the related alkaloids echinopsine and echinozolinone.

Echinops echinatus
Echinops echinatus, the Indian globe thistle, commonly known as Usnakantaka, is a species of globe thistle, found in India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Indian globe thistle is an erect branched herb about 100 cm high. It has short, stout stems, branching from the base, covered with white cottony hair. Alternately arranged oblong, deeply pinnatifid leaves are 7–12 cm long. Flower heads occur in solitary white spherical balls, 3–5 cm across. Petals of the tiny white disc florets are 5 mm long. Flowers are surrounded by straight, strong, white bristles. Often misidentified with Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertner, it is colloquially known as Camel's thistle.
Roppeviller
Roppeviller (French pronunciation: [ʁɔpvilɛʁ]; German: Roppweiler; Lorraine Franconian: Roppwiller) is a commune in the Moselle department of the Grand Est administrative region in north-eastern France.

The village belongs to the Pays de Bitche and to the Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park.

A path from the village runs up to the Altschlossfelsen rocks, a popular walking destination, on the hill of Brechenberg on the German side of the border.

Altschlossfelsen
The Altschlossfelsen (French: Rochers du Vieux Château, "Old Castle Rocks") is a rock outcrop formed of bunter sandstone in the Palatine Forest of Germany, near the border with France. The 1,500-metre-long rock wall is located on a hill known as the Brechenberg near Eppenbrunn, 406 m above sea level (NHN).

Discoveries from the Hallstatt and Roman period and evidence of a medieval castle from the 11th or 12th century bear witness to earlier settlement.

The Altschlossfelsen is well known because of its many, diversely shaped rocks, caused by weathering, and its rare lichens. At the start of the rock sequence are two mighty sandstone towers. A popular footpath runs along the foot of the rocks that continues to the village of Roppeviller in French Lorraine.
Allotransplantation
Allotransplant (allo- meaning "other" in Greek) is the transplantation of cells, tissues, or organs to a recipient from a genetically non-identical donor of the same species. The transplant is called an allograft, allogeneic transplant, or homograft. Most human tissue and organ transplants are allografts.

It is contrasted with autotransplantation (from one part of the body to another in the same person), syngenic transplantation of isografts (grafts transplanted between two genetically identical individuals) and xenotransplantation (from other species).

Allografts can be referred to as "homostatic" if they are biologically inert when transplanted, such as bone and cartilage.

An immune response against an allograft or xenograft is termed rejection. An allogenic bone marrow transplant can result in an immune attack on the recipient, called graft-versus-host disease.

Syngenic
The word "syngenic" or "syngeneic" (from the Greek word for a relative) means genetically identical, or sufficiently identical and immunologically compatible as to allow for transplantation. For example, it may be used for something transplanted from an identical twin. When the cells are collected from the same patient on whom they will be used, a graft is called autologous. Syngeneic refers to a graft transferred between genetically identical animals or people. A syngeneic graft is known as an isograft.

Related terms include:

autogeneic, referring to autotransplantation, also termed autograft, (from one part of the body to another in the same person)

allogeneic, referring to allotransplantation or an allograft (from other individual of same species).

xenogeneic, referring to xenotransplantation or a xenograft (from other species).
Harry Söderman
Harry Söderman (24 August 1902 – 16 March 1956) was a Swedish police officer and criminalist. In his native Sweden, he went by the nickname "Revolver-Harry".

Söderman was a pioneer of modern criminology in Scandinavia, and the first head of the National Swedish Criminal Police Registry and Forensic Laboratories between 1939 and 1953.

John J. O'Connell (police officer)
John J. O'Connell (1884 – October 18, 1946) was an American law enforcement officer and police inspector with the New York City Police Department. A noted detective sergeant during his early police career, he later served as head of the NYPD Police Academy from 1930 to 1942 and Chief Inspector from 1942 until his retirement in 1945.
Samukh District
Samukh District (Azerbaijani: Samux rayonu) is one of the 66 districts of Azerbaijan. It is located in the north-west of the country and belongs to the Ganja-Dashkasan Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Goranboy, Goygol, Shamkir, Tovuz, Qakh, Yevlakh, city of Ganja and the Kakheti region of Georgia. Its capital and largest city is Samukh. As of 2020, the district had a population of 58,800. The northwest section of Mingachevir reservoir is in this district.

Ganja-Dashkasan Economic Region
Ganja-Dashkasan Economic Region (Azerbaijani: Gəncə-Daşkəsən iqtisadi rayonu) is one of the 14 economic regions of Azerbaijan. It borders Georgia to the north and Armenia to the south, as well as the economic regions of Shaki-Zagatala, Central Aran, Karabakh, East Zangezur, and Gazakh-Tovuz. The region consists of the districts of Dashkasan, Goranboy, Goygol, Samukh, as well as the cities of Ganja and Naftalan. It has an area of 5,270 square kilometres (2,030 sq mi). Its population was estimated to be at 611.3 thousand people in January 2021.
Colin Chilvers
Colin Chilvers (1945 – 19 November 2024) was an English television and music video director and special effects coordinator. He is known for his work on The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975), Superman (1978), Condorman (1981), and X-Men (2000).

Chilvers directed the "Smooth Criminal" segment from Michael Jackson's Moonwalker. When working with Michael Jackson, Chilvers told Rolling Stone, "I showed Michael a movie that I felt would fit the theme of the piece, The Third Man. He loved the look of it, that sort of film-noir look, so we used that to get the camera man to light it in a similar way."

Chilvers won a Special Achievement Academy Award in 1979 for Superman.

Chilvers died at his home in Fort Erie, Ontario, on 19 November 2024, at the age of 79.

At the 97th Academy Awards, his name was mentioned in the In Memoriam section.

Condorman
Condorman is a 1981 American superhero comedy film directed by Charles Jarrott, produced by Walt Disney Productions, and starring Michael Crawford, Barbara Carrera and Oliver Reed. The film follows comic book illustrator Woodrow Wilkins's attempts to assist in the defection of a female Soviet KGB agent.
Burago di Molgora
Burago di Molgora is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Milan.

Burago di Molgora borders the following municipalities: Vimercate, Ornago, Cavenago di Brianza, Agrate Brianza. The economy, traditionally based on agriculture, is now concentrated in middle- or small-size industries, tertiary industries, and service companies. The city is the seat of Bburago, a scale model maker, and of Pasini Laboratorio chimico, producer of Crystal Ball.

Cavenago di Brianza
Cavenago di Brianza (Cavenagh in Milanese) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Milan.

Cavenago di Brianza borders the following municipalities: Ornago, Burago di Molgora, Basiano, Agrate Brianza, Cambiago.
Mission City station
Mission City is the eastern terminus station on the West Coast Express commuter rail line connecting Vancouver to Mission, British Columbia, Canada. The station is located on the north side of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) tracks in Mission on North Railway Avenue. The station opened in 1995, when the West Coast Express began operating. 254 park and ride spaces are available at the station.

West Coast Express
The West Coast Express (reporting mark WCE) is a commuter railway serving the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada. It is owned and operated by the region's transit authority, TransLink. Opened in 1995, it provides a link between Metro Vancouver and the Fraser Valley Regional District and is the only commuter railway in Western Canada. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 1,559,100, or about 7,000 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

Service is provided between Downtown Vancouver and the municipalities of Port Moody, Coquitlam, Port Coquitlam, Pitt Meadows, Maple Ridge, and Mission. Along its route, several stations interchange with the SkyTrain metropolitan rail system as well as local bus services. Additionally, Waterfront station in Downtown Vancouver provides a connection to the SeaBus passenger ferry.
Disobedient (album)
Disobedient is the fifth full-length studio album by American melodic hardcore band Stick to Your Guns, released on February 10, 2015. It is the band's first album to be produced by John Feldmann (The Used, Escape the Fate, Beartooth). This is the band's last release on Sumerian Records.

On October 21, 2014, the band released the first single off the album, "Nobody", with the music video premiering on Alternative Press.

The album was included at number 16 on Rock Sound's top 50 releases of 2015 list.

Stick to Your Guns (band)
Stick to Your Guns is an American metalcore band from Orange County, California. Members of the band include lead vocalist Jesse Barnett, bassist Andrew Rose, guitarists Chris Rawson and Josh James, and drummer Adam Galindo.  They are currently signed with SharpTone Records.
Crayon Shin-chan: Burst Serving! Kung Fu Boys ~Ramen Rebellion~
Crayon Shin-chan: Burst Serving! Kung Fu Boys ~Ramen Rebellion~ (映画クレヨンしんちゃん 爆盛！カンフーボーイズ ～拉麺大乱～, Kureyon Shinchan: Bakumori! Kanfū Bōizu ~Rāmen Tairan~) is a 2018 Japanese anime film produced by Shin-Ei Animation. It is the 26th film of the popular comedy manga and anime series Crayon Shin-chan. The director of this movie is Wataru Takahashi who also directed the 2014 movie Crayon Shin-chan: Serious Battle! Robot Dad Strikes Back and 2016 movie Crayon Shin-chan: Fast Asleep! Dreaming World Big Assault!. The screenplay is written by Kimiko Ueno who also wrote for the 2015 movie Crayon Shin-chan: My Moving Story! Cactus Large Attack!.

This is final Crayon Shin-chan film to feature Akiko Yajima as Shinnosuke Nohara before she retired on June 29, 2018.

Shin-Ei Animation
Shin-Ei Animation Co., Ltd. (Japanese: シンエイ動画株式会社, Hepburn: Shīn'eī Dōga Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese animation studio owned by TV Asahi and founded in Tokyo in 1965 as A Production by Daikichirō Kusube, who was previously an animator for Toei Animation.
Berle-Kari
Berle-Kari (Berle-Kåre; Old Norse: Berðlu-Kári) was a viking chieftain who lived in ninth-century Norway. His home was at Berle (Old Norse: Berðla), in present-day Bremanger Municipality in Vestland county. Landnámabók names him as the son of Vemund, and brother of Skjoldolf, one of the early settlers of Iceland.

According to Egil's Saga, Kari was a berserker, and a comrade-at-arms of Ulf the Fearless (Úlfr inn óargi).. The saga also Kari's three offspring as: Olvir Hnufa, who became a skald in the court of Harald I of Norway, Eyvind Lambi, who became one of Harald's hersirs, and a daughter, Salbjorg, who married Kveldulf Bjalfason. Kveldulf being grandson of the elder Ulf.

Salbjörg Káradóttir
Salbjörg Káradóttir was a Norse woman of the late ninth century. She was the daughter of Berle-Kari and sister of Eyvind Lambi and Olvir Hnufa. Salbjörg is mentioned in Egil's saga, which says that she married Kveldulf Bjalfasson and had two children, Thorolf Kveldulfsson and Skallagrim Kveldulfsson, with him. She was the grandmother of the poet Egill Skallagrímsson, the main character of Egil's Saga.

Salbjörg is described in Egil's Saga as a very handsome woman, and as being skörungur mikill, an expression that has been translated as "exceptionally energetic", "full of spirit", or various adjectives denoting exceptional competence.
Nisko, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Nisko [ˈniskɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bisztynek, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, and in 1772–1945 it belonged to Prussia and Germany (East Prussia).

Gmina Bisztynek
Gmina Bisztynek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Bisztynek, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south of Bartoszyce and 41 km (25 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 203.55 square kilometres (78.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,749, of which the population of Bisztynek is 2,493, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,256.
Stoczki, Opoczno County
Stoczki [ˈstɔt͡ʂki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mniszków, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) west of Mniszków, 21 km (13 mi) west of Opoczno, and 59 km (37 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Mniszków
Gmina Mniszków is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Mniszków, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) west of Opoczno and 61 km (38 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 123.83 square kilometres (47.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,788.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Sulejów Landscape Park.
Barguzinsky Nature Reserve
Barguzinsky Nature Reserve (Russian: Баргузинский заповедник) is the oldest of zapovedniks (nature reserves), established in 1916 for the protection of the Barguzin sable. It is located in Buryatia (Russia) on the west slope of the Barguzinsky Range, including the northeast shores of the Lake Baikal and a part of the lake itself. The area of the reserve is 2,482 km2 (958 sq mi), covering several types of boreal ecosystems, from bogs and taiga coniferous forests to subalpine meadows and mountain tundras. The landscape is postglacial, featuring rugged highlands, long river valleys and outwash, alluvial and lacustrine plains.

Barguzin Range
Barguzin Range (Russian: Баргузинский хребет) is a mountain range in Buryatia, Russia along the northeastern shore of Baikal.

Its length is 280 km, height up to 2,840 m. It is mostly covered by larch taiga. The range bounds the Barguzin Valley on the northwest. A part of the Barguzin Nature Reserve is located on the western slopes of the range.
Arden Must Die
Arden Must Die (German: Arden muss sterben) is an opera by Alexander Goehr. It premiered on 5 March 1967 at the Hamburg State Opera, conducted by Charles Mackerras and directed by Egon Monk. It was commissioned by the Hamburg State Opera.

The German libretto was written by Erich Fried, with an English version by Geoffrey Skelton. It tells the story of the murder of Thomas Arden by his wife Alice and her lover Mosbie. The libretto draws on two sixteenth-century accounts of the murder, namely the version by chronicler Raphael Holinshed and the anonymous play Arden of Faversham.

The British première was at Sadler's Wells Theatre, London, on 17 April 1974, conducted by Meredith Davies.

Thomas Arden
Thomas Arden (1508–1550) was Mayor of Faversham, Kent, England.

He was murdered by his wife, Alice, and her lover, Richard Moseby. This would inspire the Elizabethan play, Arden of Faversham, which in turn was the basis of the opera Arden Must Die (1967).

Between 1610 and 1638, a broadside ballad was additionally published about the murder.
Supremacy (book)
Supremacy: AI, ChatGPT and the Race That Will Change the World is a 2024 book by Parmy Olson that won the Financial Times Business Book of the Year award. The book explores the story of the competition between biggest AI firms and is focusing on the rivalry between OpenAI and DeepMind (now part of Google). Olson, a technology journalist observer for Bloomberg, uses her experience covering AI to write book on the quick development of generative AI.

In 2024, the book won Financial Times Business Book of the Year Award.

Financial Times Business Book of the Year Award
Financial Times Business Book of the Year Award is an annual award given to the best business book of the year as determined by the Financial Times. It aims to find the book that has "the most compelling and enjoyable insight into modern business issues". The award was established in 2005 and is worth £30,000. Beginning in 2010, five short-listed authors each receive £10,000, an increase from the previous £5,000.

The award's principal partner was Goldman Sachs from 2005 to 2013, when it was known as the "Financial Times and Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year Award". McKinsey & Company supported the Business Book Award from 2014 until 2021, when it was known as the "Financial Times and McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award".

Since 2014, the Financial Times Business Book of the Year Award is presented at the same time as the Bracken Bower Prize for young business writers.
Waswanipi, Quebec
Waswanipi (Cree: ᐙᔅᐙᓂᐲ or Wâswânipî) is a Cree community in the Eeyou Istchee territory of central Quebec, Canada, located along Route 113 and near the confluence of the Chibougamau and Waswanipi Rivers. It has a population of 459 people (Canada 2021 Census). Waswanipi is a compound word composed of wâswân (a place to fish at night using a torch) and -pî (lake), meaning "torch-fishing lake" but colloquially translated as "light over the water" referring to the traditional night-time fishing method of luring fish to light by using torches.

The original location of the village was on an island in Lake Waswanipi (49°39′N 76°29′W﻿ / ﻿49.650°N 76.483°W﻿ / 49.650; -76.483). It was the site of a Hudson's Bay Company trading post until 1965 when the post was closed. Its residents dispersed until 1978 when the new village of Waswanipi was built about 47 km upstream the Waswanipi River from the former location.

Chibougamau River
The Chibougamau River flows west in the Chibougamau, then Eeyou Istchee James Bay (municipality) in the administrative region of Nord-du-Québec, Quebec, Canada.

From the source, the course of the river successively crosses the townships of: Roy, McKenzie, O'Balski, Hauy, Scott, Barlow, Mckenzie, Blainlock, McKenzie, Barlow, Cuvier, Opemisca, Lamarck, Guettard, Saussure, Ribourde, Ronciere, Ribourde, Krieghoff and Gand.

The surface of the Iserhoff North River is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice circulation is usually from mid-November to mid-April.
McNeil Homestead
The McNeil Homestead is a historic ferry-related property off Wings Point Road in Charlotte, Vermont, USA. The complex includes a 19th-century house, former tavern, and barn, all built by members of the McNeil family, the first operators of the Charlotte-Essex Ferry, whose eastern terminus is just south of the property. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Charlotte, Vermont
Charlotte /ʃɑːrˈlɒt/ is a town in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. The town was named for Queen Charlotte, though unlike Charlotte, North Carolina, Charlottesville, Virginia, and other cities and towns that bear her name, the town's name is pronounced with the accent on the second syllable. The population of the town was 3,912 at the 2020 census.
2012 World Touring Car Championship
The 2012 World Touring Car Championship season was the ninth season of the FIA World Touring Car Championship, and the eighth since its 2005 return. The championship, which was open to Super 2000 cars, began with the Race of Italy at Monza on 11 March and ended with the Guia Race of Macau at the Guia Circuit on 18 November, after twenty-four races. Robert Huff won the Drivers' Championship and Chevrolet won the Manufacturers' Championship.

Stefano D'Aste
Stefano D'Aste (born 26 February 1974 in Genoa) is an Italian auto racing driver.

His early racing career included competing on motorcycles and the Monza International Rally. He has competed in the World Touring Car Championship between 2004 (when it was known as the European Touring Car Championship) and 2013.