hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gordon Chalk
Sir Gordon William Wesley Chalk, KBE (16 May 1913 – 26 April 1991) was Premier of Queensland for a week, from 1 to 8 August 1968. He was the first and only Queensland Premier from the post-war Liberal Party.

Premier of Queensland
The premier of Queensland is the head of government in the Australian state of Queensland.

By convention, the premier is the leader of the party with a parliamentary majority in the Legislative Assembly of Queensland. The premier is appointed by the governor of Queensland.

The incumbent premier is David Crisafulli.
Gunpowder weapons in the Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty continued to improve on gunpowder weapons from the Yuan and Song dynasties as part of its military. During the early Ming period larger and more cannons were used in warfare. In the early 16th century Turkish and Portuguese breech-loading swivel guns and matchlock firearms were incorporated into the Ming arsenal. In the 17th century Dutch culverin were incorporated as well and became known as hongyipao. At the very end of the Ming dynasty, around 1642, Chinese combined European cannon designs with indigenous casting methods to create composite metal cannons that exemplified the best attributes of both iron and bronze cannons. While firearms never completely displaced the bow and arrow, by the end of the 16th century more firearms than bows were being ordered for production by the government, and no crossbows were mentioned at all.

Hongyipao
Hongyipao (Chinese: 紅夷炮/紅衣炮; pinyin: hóngyípào; lit. 'red barbarian cannon/red coat cannon'; Vietnamese: hồng di pháo) was the Chinese name for Portuguese-style muzzle-loading culverins introduced to China and Korea from the Portuguese colony of Macau and with the help of Portuguese diplomats and advisors in the Beijing imperial Court like João Rodrigues.
Sergei B. Korolev
Sergei Borisovich Korolev (Russian: Сергей Борисович Королёв; born July 25, 1962) is a Russian intelligence officer currently serving as first deputy director of the Federal Security Service (FSB). He previously served as head of the Economic Security Service of the FSB from 2016 to 2021. A secretive figure with extensive connections to the Russian mafia, he is considered one of the leading candidates to succeed Alexander Bortnikov as director of the FSB. He has held the military rank of Army General since 2021. As a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, he was sanctioned by the EU, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Estonia, France, New Zealand, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Ukraine.

Alexander Bortnikov
Alexander Vasilyevich Bortnikov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Васи́льевич Бо́ртников; born 15 November 1951) is a Russian intelligence officer who has served as the director of the Federal Security Service (FSB) since 2008. He is one of the most powerful members of the silovik faction of president Vladimir Putin's inner circle. A Hero of the Russian Federation since 2019, he also holds the rank of General of the Army, the second highest grade in use in the Russian military. According to some experts, it is likely Bortnikov played a key role in Putin's decision to invade Ukraine in 2022.
Popstars (French TV series)
Popstars is a French musical reality TV series based on the international series of the same name. The French television series was broadcast on M6 for 4 seasons and was a pioneer in musical competitions in France. It is currently broadcast on D8.

The first season of French Popstars was launched on 20 September 2001 and continued until 20 December 2001 won by L5, followed by a second season 2002 won by Whatfor, a third season in 2004 (known as Popstars - le duel) won by Linkup, and a fourth season after 4 years of interruption, held in 2007 and won by Sheryfa Luna.

The first season was to launch pop groups from casting to the launch of a debut album, whereas series 4 was for launching of a solo artist. Genres of music presented ranged form pop to rock, R&B, rap and hip hop. Contrary to other competitions, eliminations were decided by a jury and not by the public.

The show is due to return on 12 September 2024 on Amazon Prime Video.

Popstars
Popstars is an international reality television franchise aimed to find new singing talent. Serving as a precursor to the Idol franchise, Popstars first began in New Zealand in 1999 when producer Jonathan Dowling formed the girl group TrueBliss. Despite all shows in the Popstars franchise having been off air in recent years, it remains one of the most successful TV show formats of all time with the format being sold to more than 50 countries and producing groups such as Girls Aloud that had success on the UK charts for the next ten years after winning. The show was the inspiration for Simon Fuller's Idol franchise.
Balut (song)
"Balut" is a song by American rapper and singer Doja Cat from her fourth studio album, Scarlet (2023). It was released on September 15, 2023, through Kemosabe and RCA Records as the third promotional single from the album. Written by Doja Cat, Y2K and Rogét Chahayed, who also produced the song with  Yeti Beats, it is a downtempo boom bap song characterized by bass-heavy lofi beats and ethereal melodies.

Lofi hip-hop
Lofi hip-hop (also known as chillhop)  is a style of lo-fi music that combines hip-hop beats with elements of chill-out. The word lofi (also typeset as lo-fi, short for "low fidelity"), refers to the unpolished production techniques common in the style. It was popularized in the 2010s on YouTube.
St. Paul's Cathedral (Fond du Lac, Wisconsin)
St. Paul's Cathedral is one of the three cathedrals of the Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin, and is located in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. It was formerly the mother church of the Episcopal Diocese of Fond du Lac.

Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin
The Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin, originally the Diocese of Wisconsin and later the Diocese of Milwaukee, is the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America located in the state of Wisconsin. It is in Province V (for the Midwest region). The diocese was originally formed in 1847, but was re-established in 2024 by the merger of the Episcopal Diocese of Eau Claire and the Episcopal Diocese of Fond du Lac into the Diocese of Milwaukee.
Choripán
Choripán (plural: choripanes) is a type of asado sandwich with grilled chorizo. It is popular in Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Paraguay, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and Venezuela. The name comes from the combination of the names of its ingredients: a grilled chorizo sausage and a crusty bread (Spanish: pan) such as a pan batido, baguette, or francés.

Marraqueta
A marraqueta (also known by other names) is a bread roll made with wheat flour, salt, water and yeast.

This type of roll has a crusty exterior. In Chile, the bread dates to the 1800s, and it is considered a national food of Bolivia. It is served for breakfast, lunch, and dinner and is the most common bread found in Bolivian bakeries.

In 2024, marraqueta was listed as the third best bread in the world by Taste Atlas.
Order of Queen Maria Luisa
The Royal Order of Noble Ladies of Queen Maria Luisa is an Order created by King Charles IV of Spain by royal decree on April 21, 1792, at the request of his wife, Queen Maria Luisa, to reward noble women who distinguished themselves for their services and talents. As such, it was established as an honour reserved only for women.

Charles IV of Spain
Charles IV (Spanish: Carlos Antonio Pascual Francisco Javier Juan Nepomuceno José Januario Serafín Diego de Borbón y Sajonia; 11 November 1748 – 20 January 1819) was King of Spain and ruler of the Spanish Empire from 1788 to 1808.

The Spain inherited by Charles IV gave few indications of instability, but during his reign, Spain entered a series of disadvantageous alliances and his regime constantly sought cash to deal with the exigencies of war. He detested his son and heir Ferdinand, who led the unsuccessful El Escorial Conspiracy and later forced Charles's abdication after the Tumult of Aranjuez in March 1808, along with ousting Charles's widely hated first minister Manuel Godoy. Summoned to Bayonne by Napoleon Bonaparte, who forced Ferdinand VII to abdicate, Charles IV also abdicated, paving the way for Napoleon to place his elder brother Joseph Bonaparte on the throne of Spain. The reign of Charles IV turned out to be a major negative turning point in Spanish history.
Tieban shenshu
Tie Ban Shen Shu (simplified Chinese: 铁板神数; traditional Chinese: 鐵板神數; pinyin: Tiě Bǎn Shén Shù; trans. "iron plate spiritual numerology") is an ancient form of divination from China, which is still in use in mainland China, Taiwan, Singapore and the Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia. Tie ban shen shu is regarded as among the most accurate and most difficult methods of personal fortune divination. Tie Ban is as well regarded as the collective Three Arts or Three Styles (三式 sān shì), Qi Men Dun Jia, Da Liu Ren and Tai Yi Shen Shu, China's highest metaphysical arts.

Daliuren
Da Liu Ren is a form of Chinese calendrical astrology dating from the later Warring States period. It is also a member of the Three Styles (三式; sānshì; 'three rites') of divination, along with Qi Men Dun Jia (奇門遁甲) and Taiyi (太乙).

Li Yang describes Da Liu Ren as the highest form of divination in China. This divination form is called Da Liu Ren because the heavenly stem rén (壬), indicating "yang water", appears six times in the Sexagenary cycle. In order, it appears in rénshēn (壬申), rénwǔ (壬午), rénchén (壬辰), rényín (壬寅), rénzǐ (壬子), and rénxū (壬戌).

In the words of a contemporary Chinese master of Da Liu Ren, the six rén indicate an entire movement of the sexagenary cycle, during which something may appear, rise to maturity and then decline and disappear. Thus the six rén indicate the life cycle of phenomena. There is a homonym in the Chinese language which carries the meaning of pregnancy, and so the six rén also carry the meaning of the birth of a phenomenon.
Covenant Presbyterian Church
The Covenant Presbyterian Church (CPC) is a Protestant, Reformed denomination, founded in the United States in 2006 by a group of churches that split from the Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly.

Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly
The Reformed Presbyterian Church General Assembly (RPCGA) is a Presbyterian church body and conservative denomination in the United States established in 1991. The RPCGA was founded by members of the Reformed Presbyterian Church in the United States.
Arkansas Highway 105
Highway 105 (AR 105, Ark. 105, and Hwy. 105) is a north–south state highway in Pope County, Arkansas. The route runs from Galla Creek Wildlife Management Area north across Interstate 40 (I-40) and U.S. Route 64 (US 64) to Highway 27 in Hector. AR 105 was created during the 1926 Arkansas state highway numbering. The route is maintained by the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ArDOT).

Arkansas Highway 27
Arkansas Highway 27 (AR 27) is a designation for four state highways in Arkansas. One segment of 58.30 miles (93.82 km) runs from US 59/US 71 west of Ben Lomond north to US 270 in Mount Ida. A second segment of 46.09 miles (74.17 km) runs from US 270 west of Mount Ida north to Highway 10 in Danville. A third segment of 18.41 miles (29.63 km) runs from Highway 10 in Danville north to Highway 7 in Dardanelle. A fourth segment of 71.98 miles (115.84 km) runs from Highway 7 in Dover north to Highway 14 at Harriet.

The designation also includes Highway 27B, a business route in Nashville, and Highway 27N, a former alternate route near Ben Lomond deleted in the 1990s. All highways are maintained by the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department (AHTD).
Marquis de Choisy
Claude Gabriel, Marquis de Choissey (French: Claude Gabriel de Choisy; 1723–1800) was a French general who served in Poland in the 1770s, and then in North America during the American Revolutionary War.

De Choissey was at the siege of Yorktown in command of Lauzun's Legion and General George Weedon's Virginia militia, and at Gloucester, Virginia, under the command of Rochambeau, opposite Banastre Tarleton. Awarded the Libertas Americana medal for his service, he returned to France in 1783 and retired from active duty in 1793.

Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau
Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau (1 July 1725 – 10 May 1807) was a French Royal Army officer who played a critical role in the American victory at the siege of Yorktown in 1781 during the American Revolutionary War. He was commander-in-chief of the Expédition Particulière, the French expeditionary force sent to North America during the conflict. He worked closely and well with George Washington, commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.
Wadi Al Munay
Wadi Al Munay (Arabic: وادي المنيعي), romanized: Wādī Al Minе̄‘ī)  is a valley or dry river, with ephemeral or intermittent flow, which flows almost exclusively during the rainy season, located in the emirate of Ras al Khaimah, in the east of the United Arab Emirates.

It is the main tributary of the Wadi Al Qor, to whose 303 km2 (117 sq mi) drainage basin it belongs.

Wadi Qor
Wadi Qor (Arabic: وادي قور) is a seasonal watercourse in the Hajar Mountains of Ras Al Khaimah, in the United Arab Emirates. The wadi runs from the mountain village of Al Qor, near the Dubai exclave of Hatta, through the villages of Huwaylat, Rafaq and Al Nasla before crossing the Omani border and fanning out to the Batinah plain and the Gulf of Oman north of the Omani coastal village of Bu Baqarah.

Traditionally a major trade route, the Wadi Qor forms one of the oldest caravan routes from the interior of the Gulf to the Batinah Coast. Its importance as a passage through the Hajar Mountains was eclipsed by the construction of the metalled road from  Hatta to the Batinah coast.
National Institute of Technology, Meghalaya
National Institute of Technology Meghalaya (NIT Meghalaya or NITM) is one of the National Institutes of Technology. It is located in Sohra, Meghalaya, India. The institute began to offer courses in 2010 at the Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat.

Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat
Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat or  National Institute of Technology, Surat (SVNIT or NIT, Surat), is a public technical university established by the Parliament of India in 1961. It is one of 31 National Institutes of Technology in India recognized by the Government of India as an Institute of National Importance. It is the Anchor Institute for the Auto and Engineering sector and will be training the workforce. 
The project is also designated as the "Center of Excellence under Technical Education Quality Improvement Program" in water resources and flood management and is supported by the World Bank.

The institute organizes annual cultural and technical festivals: MindBend (technical festival) and Sparsh (cultural festival) that attract participants from all over the country and abroad.
Carharrack
Carharrack (Cornish: Karardhek) is a civil parish and village in west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated two miles (3 km) east of Redruth in a former mining area.

The parish is of a rural/residential character, albeit with an industrial (mostly mining) past and relics of the past abound, primarily in the form of abandoned and broken down engine house buildings. The parish is comparatively small in area, and is bounded to the north and northwest by St Day parish, to the east and southeast by Gwennap parish, and to the southwest and west by Lanner parish.

Until 1985, Carharrack was part of the parish of Gwennap but it became a civil parish in its own right with the first meeting of Carharrack Parish Council on 28 May 1985.

St Day
St Day (Cornish: Sen Day) is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is positioned between the village of Chacewater and the town of Redruth. The electoral ward St Day and Lanner had a population of 4,473 according to the 2011 census.

St Day is in an area that was historically known for mining, encompassing places such as Poldice, Tolcarne, Todpool, Creegbrawse and Crofthandy. The village gained significant wealth from mining activities. It holds a central position within the Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape, which is a designated World Heritage Site. This site includes other notable locations such as St Agnes, Chacewater, Chapel Porth and Porthtowan.
Mill Valley station
The Mill Valley station is a former railway station and historic depot located on Throckmorton Avenue in Mill Valley, California. Passenger railway services ran in Mill Valley between 1889 and 1940. The current station building was built in 1929 and served as a freight depot into the 1950s.

Mill Valley, California
Mill Valley is a city in Marin County, California, United States, located about 14 miles (23 km) north of San Francisco via the Golden Gate Bridge and 52 miles (84 km) from Napa Valley. The population was 14,231 at the 2020 census.

Mill Valley is located on the western and northern shores of Richardson Bay, and the eastern slopes of Mount Tamalpais. Beyond the flat coastal area and marshlands, it occupies narrow wooded canyons, mostly of second-growth redwoods, on the southeastern slopes of Mount Tamalpais. The Mill Valley 94941 ZIP Code also includes the following adjacent unincorporated communities: Almonte, Alto, Homestead Valley, Tamalpais Valley, and Strawberry. The Muir Woods National Monument is also located just outside the city limits.
Human Be-In
The Human Be-In was an event held in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park Polo Fields on January 14, 1967. It was a prelude to San Francisco's Summer of Love, which made the Haight-Ashbury district a symbol of American counterculture and introduced the word "psychedelic" to suburbia.

Haight-Ashbury
Haight-Ashbury (/ˌheɪt ˈæʃbɛri, -bəri/) is a district of San Francisco, California, named for the intersection of Haight and Ashbury streets. It is also called the Haight and the Upper Haight. The neighborhood is known as one of the main centers of the counterculture of the 1960s.
Mouldsworth railway station
Mouldsworth railway station serves the village of Mouldsworth, in Cheshire, England. The station has two platforms and is a stop on the Mid Cheshire Line, which runs between Manchester Piccadilly and Chester. It is managed by Northern Trains, which also manages all services that stop here.

Chester railway station
Chester railway station serves the city of Chester, in Cheshire, England; it is sited in the Newtown area. It was designed by the architect Francis Thompson and opened as a joint station in 1848. From 1875 to 1969, the station was known as Chester General to distinguish it from Chester Northgate. The station is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a Grade II* listed building.
Cellular model
A cellular model or virtual cell is a computational model of aspects of a biological cell, for the purposes of in silico research.

Developing such models has been a task of systems biology and mathematical biology. It involves developing efficient algorithms, data structures, visualization and communication tools to orchestrate the integration of large quantities of biological data with the goal of computer modeling. It involves the use of computer simulations of cellular subsystems, such as the networks of metabolites and enzymes which comprise metabolism, signal transduction pathways and gene regulatory networks.

Recent efforts to create virtual cell models have applied deep learning and generative AI to single-cell omics data.

Biological data visualization
Biological data visualization is a branch of bioinformatics concerned with the application of computer graphics, scientific visualization, and information visualization to different areas of the life sciences. This includes visualization of sequences, genomes, alignments, phylogenies, macromolecular structures, systems biology, microscopy, and magnetic resonance imaging data. Software tools used for visualizing biological data range from simple, standalone programs to complex, integrated systems.

An emerging trend is the blurring of boundaries between the visualization of 3D structures at atomic resolution, the visualization of larger complexes by cryo-electron microscopy, and the visualization of the location of proteins and complexes within whole cells and tissues. There has also been an increase in the availability and importance of time-resolved data from systems biology, electron microscopy, and cell and tissue imaging.
Electoral history of James G. Blaine
Electoral history of James G. Blaine, Republican politician who represented Maine in the United States House of Representatives from 1863 to 1876, serving as Speaker of the House from 1869 to 1875, and then in the United States Senate from 1876 to 1881. He also unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for President in 1876 and 1880 before being nominated in 1884. In the 1884 election, he was narrowly defeated by Democrat Grover Cleveland.

1876 Republican National Convention
The 1876 Republican National Convention was a presidential nominating convention held at the Exposition Hall in Cincinnati, Ohio on June 14–16, 1876. President Ulysses S. Grant had considered seeking a third term, but with various scandals, a poor economy and heavy Democratic gains in the House of Representatives that led many Republicans to repudiate him, he declined to run. The convention resulted in the nomination of Governor Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio for president and Representative William A. Wheeler of New York for vice president.

The Republican ticket of Hayes and Wheeler went on to lose the popular vote to Democrats Samuel J. Tilden and Thomas A. Hendricks in the election of 1876, but won the electoral vote after a controversy which was resolved by the Compromise of 1877.
Ashok Khemka
Ashok Khemka (born 30 April 1965) is a retired Indian Administrative Service officer of 1991 batch from Haryana cadre who formerly served as Additional Chief Secretary in the Government of Haryana. During his career of more than three decades, he worked solely for the state of Haryana. without a single deputation to the Central Government. He has been transferred 66 times during his career, making him the second-most transferred bureaucrat in Haryana, surpassed only by retired IAS officer Pradeep Kasni. Regarded as a whistleblower, Khemka is known for reporting irregularities and corruption in various departments where he served, including investigations into land deals during the tenure of former Haryana Chief Minister Bhupinder Hooda. He has been associated with inquiries into cases such as the DLF land grab case, the Sonipat-Kharkhoda IMT land case, and the Garhi Sampla Uddar Gagan land case.

Bhupinder Singh Hooda
Bhupinder Singh Hooda (born 15 September 1947) is an Indian National Congress politician, who is serving as the Leader of the Opposition in Haryana Legislative Assembly. He was the Chief Minister of Haryana from 2005 to 2014.

When he began a second term as chief minister in October 2009 after leading the Congress to an election victory, it was the first time since 1972 that a Haryana electorate returned a ruling party back to power. Hooda is also a Member of the Bar Council of Punjab and Haryana. In 2010, Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh constituted the Working Group on Agriculture Production under Hooda's chairmanship to recommend strategies and action plan for increasing agricultural production and productivity, including long-term policies to ensure sustained agricultural growth.