hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William M. McFarland
William M. McFarland (April 1, 1848 – July 15, 1905) was an American newspaper editor, lawyer and politician.

Born in Posey County, Indiana, McFarland moved with his parents to Van Buren County, Iowa. He went to a public school and then graduated from Iowa Wesleyan University. He studied law and was admitted to the Iowa bar. McFarland was also involved with in real estate and insurance businesses. McFarland started the Brooklyn Chronicle newspaper in Brooklyn, Iowa and then the Estherville Vindicator newspaper in Estherville, Iowa. While living in Estherville, Iowa, McFarland served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1888 to 1892 and was a Republican. He then served as Iowa Secretary of State from 1891 to 1897. He then lived in Indianola, Iowa until his death. McFarland died suddenly from a heart attack while at the Saint Paul Union Depot in Saint Paul, Minnesota.

Estherville, Iowa
Estherville is a city in Estherville Township, Emmet County, Iowa, United States. The population was 5,904 in the 2020 census, a decline from 6,656 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Emmet County.
CS Știința Bacău (women's handball)
Știința Bacău is a Romanian women's handball team based in Bacău, which competes in Divizia A, the second level of the Romanian women's handball championships.

The team represents the women's handball section of the multi-sport club CS Știința Bacău, which also include athletics, badminton, karate, women's and men's volleyball sections. The club also had men's football and handball sections in the past.

Bacău
Bacău (UK: /ˈbækaʊ/ BAK-ow; US: /bəˈkaʊ/ bə-KOW, Romanian: [baˈkəw] ⓘ; Hungarian: Bákó; Latin: Bacovia) is the main city in Bacău County, Romania. With a population of 136,087 (as of 2021 census), Bacău is the 14th largest city in Romania. The city is situated in the historical region of Moldavia, at the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains, and on the Bistrița River (which meets the Siret River about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the south of Bacău). The Ghimeș Pass links Bacău to the region of Transylvania.
Wardleworth railway station
Wardleworth railway station served the township of Wardleworth in Rochdale, in the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale in Greater Manchester, England, from 1870 until closure in 1947. It was on the Facit Branch between Rochdale and Facit, which was extended to Bacup in 1881. The station was quite well placed for Rochdale town centre and so, in addition to the branch trains, a few other services from  Manchester terminated here. Between here and Rochdale station was the Roch Valley Viaduct, now demolished.

Wardleworth
Wardleworth was a township at the geographic centre of the parish of Rochdale, in Salford hundred, Lancashire (now Greater Manchester), England and later a separate civil parish. The principal estate of the township was Buckley. Though the administrative territory has long been abolished, the name continues as a geographic reference frame for that part of Rochdale.

Wardleworth was a township that included territory to the northeast of the town of Rochdale, including the hamlets of Buckley, Crankey Shaw and Hamer Fold, and, although close to the village of Wardle, Wardleworth did not contain the settlement, which was instead within the neighbouring township of Wuerdle and Wardle.

The Buckley and Entwistle families are recorded to have been the principal landowners of this township, with Buckley Hall being the seat of the estate holders for many years.
International Panorama Council
The International Panorama Council (IPC) is a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization, subject to Swiss law. It is a global network involving museum directors, managers, artists, restorers and historians who deal with the historical or the contemporary art and media forms of the panorama. The organization comprises members from all over the world who are either representatives of museums and research institutes or private researchers and enthusiasts.
The organization was founded in 1992 as the European Panorama Conference in Szeged, Hungary, and renamed in 1998 in Altötting, Germany, at the International Panorama Conference. Since 2003 the organization is called International Panorama Council. IPC has been a Membership Association since 2010. It is governed by a member-elected Executive Board whose Secretary-general acts as the operational center for the Board’s members.

Pleven Panorama
43°23′55″N 24°36′22″E﻿ / ﻿43.39861°N 24.60611°E﻿ / 43.39861; 24.60611

Pleven Epopee 1877, more commonly known as Pleven Panorama, is a panorama located in Pleven, Bulgaria, that depicts the events of the Russian-Turkish War of 1877–78, specifically the five-month Siege of Plevna (Pleven Epopee) which made the city internationally famous and which contributed to the Liberation of Bulgaria after five centuries of Ottoman rule.

The panorama was created by 13 Russian and Bulgarian artists and was constructed in honor of the 100th anniversary of the Pleven Epopee and was officially unveiled on 10 December 1977. The panorama expanded the already existing Skobelev Park, which is the site of three of the four major battles which led to the liberation of Bulgaria. In the first three years after its opening, 2.5 million people visited the panorama. The monument is one of nearly 200 built by the people of Pleven in tribute to the battle and to the nearly 35,000 lives lost.
Archive for Reformation History
Archive for Reformation History (German: Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte; ARG) is a specialised international annual academic journal for the Reformation era.

It is a bilingual joint publication of the German Verein für Reformationsgeschichte and American Society for Reformation Research (SRR), and also includes articles in French and Italian.

Thomas Kaufmann, University of Göttingen, and Martin Kessler, University of Basel, are the European Managing Editors, responsible for articles in German, French, and Italian. Ute Lotz-Heumann and Marjorie E. Plummer, both University of Arizona, are the North American Managing Editors, responsible for articles in English.

Ute Lotz-Heumann
Ute Lotz-Heumann (born 1966) is a German-American historian specializing in early modern Irish and German history and the history of the European Reformations and Enlightenment. She is the Heiko A. Oberman Professor of Late Medieval and Reformation History at the University of Arizona in Tucson, Arizona.
Ridgefield School District (Washington)
The Ridgefield School District is the school district which serves to operate the public primary and secondary schools from the Ridgefield area, in Clark County, Washington, United States.

The district's main office is located next to the Ridgefield High School, approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) south of downtown Ridgefield.

The district includes Ridgefield, most of Duluth, and a part of Mount Vista.

Mount Vista, Washington
Mount Vista is a census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Washington, United States. It includes the Vancouver campus of Washington State University. The population of Mount Vista was 10,051 at the 2020 census.

Based on per capita income, one of the more reliable measures of affluence, Mount Vista ranks 66th of 614 areas in the state of Washington to be ranked.
Cyrus Fogg Brackett Chair of Physics
The Cyrus Fogg Brackett Chair of Physics is an endowed professorship established at Princeton University in 1927 by a donation from Thomas D. Jones in honor of Cyrus Fogg Brackett (1833–1915), who was a professor of physics at Princeton University and founder of Princeton University's electrical engineering department.

William Happer
William Happer (born  July 27, 1939) is an American physicist who has specialized in the study of atomic physics, optics and spectroscopy. He is the Cyrus Fogg Brackett Professor of Physics, emeritus, at Princeton University, and a long-term member of the JASON advisory group, where he pioneered the development of adaptive optics. From 1991 to 1993, Happer served as director of the Department of Energy's Office of Science as part of the George H.W. Bush administration.  He was dismissed from the Department of Energy in 1993 by the Clinton Administration after disagreements on the ozone hole.

Happer, who is not formally trained as a climate scientist, rejects the scientific consensus on climate change. In 2018, Donald Trump appointed him to the National Security Council to counter evidence linking carbon dioxide emissions to global warming. He resigned from the council in 2019.
Gulab Singh
Gulab Singh (21 October 1792 – 30 June 1857) was the first Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir and the founder of the Dogra dynasty. Originally a commander of the Sikh Empire, he sided with the British in the First Anglo-Sikh War and briefly became prime minister of the Sikh Empire in 1846. In the same year he signed the Treaty of Amritsar with the British, establishing the state of Jammu and Kashmir under the suzerainty of the British Raj; this treaty formalized the transfer of all lands that were ceded by the Sikhs to the British in the Treaty of Lahore.

First Anglo-Sikh War
The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikh Empire and the British Empire from 1845 to 1846 around the Firozpur district of Punjab. It resulted in the defeat and partial subjugation of the Sikh Empire and cession of Jammu & Kashmir as a separate princely state under British suzerainty.
Flattunga
Flattunga is a small ice tongue protruding into the sea between Tottsuki Point and Tensoku Rock, at the western end of the Prince Olav Coast in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named Flattunga (the flat tongue).

Flattunga separates Prince Olav Coast in the northeast from Sôya Coast (Sôya Kaigan) in the south.

Tottsuki Point
Tottsuki Point (68°55′S 39°50′E﻿ / ﻿68.917°S 39.833°E﻿ / -68.917; 39.833) is a small rock point lying 3 nautical miles (6 km) southwest of Flattunga on the coast of Queen Maud Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37. Surveyed by Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition (JARE), 1957–62, and named Tottsuki-misaki (first point).

This article incorporates public domain material from "Tottsuki Point". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Nathan Morlando
Nathan Morlando is a Canadian screenwriter and film director. He is best known for his feature film debut Citizen Gangster, which won the Toronto International Film Festival Award for Best Canadian First Feature Film at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival.

A graduate of the University of Toronto, Morlando debuted at the 2002 Toronto International Film Festival with his short film Countdown. He had already written the script for Citizen Gangster, which was slated to be directed by Denis Villeneuve in 2000. The film was not made at that time, however, and Morlando became its director by the time it finally moved forward in the 2010s.

He directed an episode of the television series Copper in 2013.

His second feature film, Mean Dreams, was released in 2016.

Mean Dreams
Mean Dreams is a 2016 Canadian coming-of-age thriller film directed by Nathan Morlando and written by Kevin Coughlin and Ryan Grassby. The film stars Sophie Nélisse, Josh Wiggins, and Bill Paxton. It was screened in the Directors' Fortnight section at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival. It was Paxton's final release film during his lifetime.
Industrial Heritage Trail
The Industrial Heritage Trail (German: Route der Industriekultur) links tourist attractions related to the industrial heritage in the Ruhr area in Germany. It is a part of the European Route of Industrial Heritage. The series of routes were developed between 1989 and 1999, however additions are still being made.

European Route of Industrial Heritage
The European Route of Industrial Heritage (ERIH) is a tourist route of the most important industrial heritage sites in Europe. This is a tourism industry information initiative to present a network of industrial heritage sites across Europe. The aim of the project is to create interest for the common European heritage of the Industrialisation and its legacy. ERIH also wants to promote regions, towns and sites showing the industrial history and market them as visitor attractions in the leisure and tourism industry.
The Lucky Nine
The Lucky Nine were an English rock band formed by members of the British rock bands A, Hundred Reasons, Cable, and Sunna/earthtone9. The group released the full-length True Crown Foundation Songs: Hymns of History and Hidden Ritual in 2005. In a 2005 interview with rockmidgets.com Dan Carter stated that 'two thirds' of the second album were already written and would be released at some point.

Cable (British band)
Cable were an English indie rock band from Derby, who released three studio albums: Down-Lift the Up-Trodden (1996), When Animals Attack (1997) and Sub-Lingual (1999) on Infectious Records.

They split up in 1999, and briefly reformed in 2012.
Kénadsa
Kénadsa is a town and commune in the Sahara Desert of south-western Algeria, and is the capital of Kénadsa District, Béchar Province. As of 2008, Kénadsa had a population of 13,492, up from 11,667 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 1.5%. The commune covers an area of 2,770 square kilometres (1,070 sq mi).

There is a large longwave broadcasting station near Kénadsa.

Béchar Province
Béchar (Arabic: ولاية بشار) is a province (wilaya) in Algeria, located on the border with Morocco in the Algerian Sahara. It is the second least densely populated province in Algeria, with a population of 353 591 inhabitants in 2019, with a density of 2,19 people/square kilometer. Its capital and biggest city is Béchar.
Up Holland Priory
Up Holland Priory was a Benedictine priory  in Up Holland, Lancashire, England. It was founded in 1319. The priory remains are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building, and the site is listed as a scheduled monument. The former chancel is now the nave of the Church of St Thomas the Martyr.

Up Holland
Up Holland (or Upholland) is a village in Skelmersdale and is a civil parish in the West Lancashire district, in the county of Lancashire, England, 4 miles (6 km) west of Wigan. The population at the 2011 census was 7,376.
Patricia Felicien
Bernadette Patricia Felicien (12 January 1967 – 27 February 1997) was a Saint Lucian cricketer who played as a right-handed batter and right-arm pace bowler. She appeared in five One Day Internationals for the West Indies, all at the 1993 World Cup in England. She played domestic cricket for Saint Lucia.

Felicien played in five of her team's seven matches at the World Cup, making her debut in the third match of the tournament, against Australia. She and Eugena Gregg were the only Saint Lucians in the squad, and the first Saint Lucians to be selected in any West Indies squad. Felicien was given little game time, batting in the lower order and bowling only 15 overs, without taking a wicket. Against New Zealand, she was out leg before wicket to Julie Harris for a golden duck, giving Harris her hat-trick. Felicien died in a motor vehicle accident on 27 February 1997, at the age of 29. Her aunt, Verena Felicien, later captained the West Indies.

Saint Lucia women's national cricket team
The Saint Lucia women's national cricket team is the women's representative cricket team of the country of Saint Lucia. They competed in the West Indies women's domestic cricket structure between 1988 and 2014, after which they were replaced by the Windward Islands.
Les Stocker
Les Stocker MBE (31 January 1943 – 16 July 2016 ) was an English accountant and wildlife welfare activist who founded the Wildlife Hospital Trust in 1983.  This was the United Kingdom's first hospital for wild animals and rescued so many hedgehogs that it is now known as Tiggywinkles.

Stocker has been credited with revolutionising the treatment of sick or injured wild animals in Britain through the practice of wildlife rehabilitation, which is now commonplace across the country. He received numerous honours for this work including the Rolex Awards for Enterprise, an appointment as a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (MBE) and recognition as an honorary associate of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.

Rolex Awards for Enterprise
Since 1976, through the Rolex Awards for Enterprise, Rolex has supported exceptional individuals who have the courage and conviction to take on major challenges; men and women who have a spirit of enterprise, initiating extraordinary projects that make the world a better place. Each winner receives 100,000 Swiss francs (about $104,000).

In 2010, the Rolex Awards introduced a programme for Young Laureates. Its goal was to foster innovation in the next generation by selecting five young enterprising individuals and providing them with funding and publicity for their projects. Each Young Laureate receives 50,000 Swiss francs (about $52,000).
Akins, Oklahoma
Akins is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sequoyah County, Oklahoma, United States. It is part of the Fort Smith, Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Akins had a population of 405.

The post office existed from February 16, 1894, until December 31, 1943. It is said to be named for Robert Akins, a mail carrier.

Sequoyah's Cabin, a national historic site, is located about two miles northeast of the town.

Sequoyah's Cabin
Sequoyah's Cabin is a log cabin and historic site off Oklahoma State Highway 101 near Akins, Oklahoma.  It was the home between 1829 and 1844 of the Cherokee Indian Sequoyah (also known as George Gist, c. 1765–1844), who in 1821 created a written language for the Cherokee Nation.  The cabin and surrounding park was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1965 and is now owned by the Cherokee Nation.
Bremberg (Rothaar)
The Bremberg is a mountain, 809 m above sea level (NN) high, in the Rothaar Mountains range in the district of Hochsauerland, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The mountain lies just under 3 km west-southwest of the ski resort of Winterberg, about 1 km west-southwest of the Poppenberg (745.5 m) and around 1.3 km (as the crow flies) north-northeast of the Kahler Asten (841.9 m). Part of the Rhine-Weser watershed runs over the Bremberg.

On and around the Bremberg is part of the ski area known as the Skiliftkarussell Winterberg with langlauf trails (Loipen), a langlauf stadium, which often hosts international competitions, ski lifts and their associated  pistes and, on the eastern spur of the mountain, a toboggan run and a small ski jump.

Skiliftkarussell Winterberg
Skiliftkarussell Winterberg is one of the major ski resorts in central Germany. It is located near the town of Winterberg in the Hochsauerland region in North Rhine-Westphalia. As an international destination, popular especially with skiers from the Netherlands, it attracts nearly 900,000 visitors annually.  Nearby ski resorts are Altastenberg, Postwiese and Willingen.
Re:Blue
Re:Blue (stylized Re:BLUE) is the fourth Korean extended play (seventh overall) by South Korean rock band CNBLUE. It was released on January 14, 2013 with the track "I'm Sorry" as the promotional single.

CNBLUE
CNBLUE (Korean: 씨엔블루) is a South Korean pop rock band formed in 2009. The band consists of Jung Yong-hwa (leader, main vocals, guitar, keyboard, rap), Kang Min-hyuk (drums), and Lee Jung-shin (bass). First bassist Kwon Kwang-jin left the band after they released their debut Japanese extended play Now or Never in 2009, and was replaced by Lee Jung-shin. Lee Jong-hyun (guitar and vocals) left the band on August 28, 2019.

CN are initials for Code Name, while BLUE is a backronym for burning, lovely, untouchable, and emotional. It is meant to portray the images of Lee Jong-hyun as Burning, drums Kang Min-hyuk as Lovely, bass Lee Jung-shin as Untouchable, and Jung Yong Hwa's guitar and vocals and rapping, as Emotional. On January 14, 2010, CNBLUE debuted in Korea with the lead single "I'm a Loner" from their first Korean EP Bluetory.
Fort D. A. Russell (Wyoming)
Fort D. A. Russell, also known as Fort Francis E. Warren, Francis E. Warren Air Force Base and Fort David A. Russell, was a post and base of operations for the United States Army, and later the Air Force, located in Cheyenne, Wyoming. The fort had been established in 1867 to protect workers for the Union Pacific Railroad. It was named in honor of David Allen Russell, a Civil War general killed at the Battle of Opequon.  In 1930, the fort's name was changed to Fort Francis E. Warren.  In 1949, it became Francis E. Warren Air Force Base.

Over the years, the base served as home for numerous influential American military leaders such as Carl Spaatz, Black Jack Pershing, Billy Mitchell, Walter Reed, and Mark Clark.  A portion of the base was designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1975, for distinctively preserving many of the stages of its evolution from a frontier cavalry base to an Air Force base.

David Allen Russell
David Allen Russell (December 10, 1820 – September 19, 1864) was a career United States Army officer who served in the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War. He was killed in action as a brigadier general in the Union Army.
Pandigital, Inc.
Pandigital, Inc., was a digital photo-frame manufacturer founded in 1998 that around 2010 began to expand its product line to include e-reader, tablets and e-books. Its tablet products included the Planet, Novel, Star, Nova, and SuperNova, and an offline Wikipedia reader called WikiReader.

As of November 2012, Pandigital declared bankruptcy and went out of business. It liquidated its stock on various daily deals websites.

E-reader
An e-reader, also called an e reader or e device, is a mobile electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading digital e-books and periodicals.

Any device that can display text on a screen may act as an e-reader; however, specialized e-reader devices may optimize portability, readability, and battery life for this purpose. Their main advantage over printed books is portability: an e-reader is capable of storing thousands of books while weighing less than a single one. Another advantage is the convenience provided by add-on features.
Floris I
Floris I (born c. 1017 in Vlaardingen – 28 June 1061) was count of Holland, then called Frisia west of the Vlie, from 1049 to 1061.

Floris was born in Vlaardingen. He was a son of Dirk III and Othelindis of Nordmark. Floris succeeded his brother Dirk IV, who was murdered in 1049. He married c. 1050 Gertrude, daughter of Duke Bernard II of Saxony, and had at least three children with her: Dirk V (c. 1052–1091), Bertha (c. 1055–1094), who became queen of France, and Floris (born c. 1055), who became a canon at Liége.

Floris was involved in a war of a few Lotharingian vassals against the imperial authority. On a retreat from Zaltbommel he was ambushed and killed in battle at Hamerth on 28 June 1061. His son Dirk V succeeded him. In 1063 Gertrude married Robert I of Flanders, who ruled Frisia as regent and acted as guardian for her children with Floris.

Bertha of Holland
Bertha of Holland (c. 1055 – 15 October 1094), also known as Berthe or Bertha of Frisia and erroneously as Berta or Bertrada, was Queen of France from 1072 until 1092, as the first wife of King Philip I of France. Bertha's marriage to the king in 1072 was a result of peace negotiations between him and her stepfather, Count Robert I of Flanders. After nine years of childlessness, the royal couple had three children, including Philip's successor, Louis VI. Philip, however, grew tired of his wife by 1090, and repudiated her in 1092 in order to marry the already married Bertrade of Montfort. That marriage was a scandal since both Philip and Bertrade were already married to other people, at least until Queen Bertha died the next year.