hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Winston Field
Winston Joseph Field CMG MBE (6 June 1904 – 17 March 1969) was a British politician who served as the seventh Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia. Field was a former Dominion Party MP who founded the Rhodesian Front political party with Ian Smith.

Prime Minister of Rhodesia
The prime minister of Rhodesia (Southern Rhodesia before 1964) was the head of government of Rhodesia. Rhodesia, which had become a self-governing colony of the United Kingdom in 1923, unilaterally declared independence on 11 November 1965, and was thereafter an unrecognized state until 1979. In December 1979, the country came under temporary British control, and in April 1980 the country gained recognized independence as Zimbabwe.

Rhodesia's political system was modelled on the Westminster system, and the role of the prime minister was similar to that of countries with similar constitutional histories – for example, Australia and Canada.
Mant Assembly constituency
Mant Assembly constituency is one  of the 403 constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly,  India. It is a part of the Mathura district and one  of the five assembly constituencies in the Mathura Lok Sabha constituency. First election in this assembly constituency was held in  2012 after the "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly  Constituencies Order, 2008" was passed and the constituency was formed  in 2008. The constituency is assigned identification number 82.

Mathura district
Mathura district (Hindi pronunciation: [mət̪ʰʊɾaː]), situated along the banks of the river Yamuna, is a district of Uttar Pradesh state of north-central India. The historic city of Mathura is the district headquarters. Mathura district is home to many important sites associated with goddess Radha and Lord Krishna, who according to legend, was born in Mathura and grew up in the nearby town of Vrindavan. Both cities are some of the most sacred sites in the Vaishnava tradition, making Mathura district an important Hindu pilgrimage centre.

The District is part of Agra division. Total area of Mathura district is 3340 sq. km. There are 5 tehsils in Mathura district.

Mathura

Govardhan

Chhata

Mant

Mahavan. Mathura is bounded on the northeast by Aligarh district, on the southeast by Hathras district, on the south by Agra district, and on the west by Rajasthan and northwest by Haryana state.
Hrvatska Dubica
Hrvatska Dubica is a village and a municipality in central Croatia in the Sisak-Moslavina County. It is located on the northern bank of the river Una, east of Hrvatska Kostajnica and southwest of Jasenovac and Novska. The town of Kozarska Dubica lies to the south of the municipality, in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Hrvatska Dubica is underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.

Hrvatska Kostajnica
Hrvatska Kostajnica (pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː kǒstaːjnit͡sa]; German: Castanowitz; Italian: Costainizza), also referred to as simply Kostajnica, is a town in central Croatia. It is located on the Una river in the Sisak-Moslavina County, south of Petrinja and Sisak and across the river from Kostajnica in Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the past, Hrvatska Kostajnica was called by different names, Koztainicha, Kaztanicha to Costgnanica. The name most likely comes from the word Kostanj (chestnut).
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a type of mass spectrometry that uses an inductively coupled plasma to ionize the sample. It atomizes the sample and creates atomic and small polyatomic ions, which are then detected. It is known and used for its ability to detect metals and several non-metals in liquid samples at very low concentrations. It can detect different isotopes of the same element, which makes it a versatile tool in isotopic labeling.

Compared to atomic absorption spectroscopy, ICP-MS has greater speed, precision, and sensitivity.  However, compared with other types of mass spectrometry, such as thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and glow discharge mass spectrometry (GD-MS), ICP-MS introduces many interfering species: argon from the plasma, component gases of air that leak through the cone orifices, and contamination from glassware and the cones.

Glow discharge
A glow discharge is a plasma formed by the passage of electric current through a gas. It is often created by applying a voltage between two electrodes in a glass tube containing a low-pressure gas. When the voltage exceeds a value called the striking voltage, the gas ionization becomes self-sustaining, and the tube glows with a colored light. The color depends on the gas used.

Glow discharges are used as sources of light in devices such as neon lights, cold-cathode fluorescent lamps and plasma-screen televisions. Analyzing the light produced with spectroscopy can reveal information about the atomic interactions in the gas, so glow discharges are used in plasma physics and analytical chemistry. They are also used in the surface treatment technique called sputtering.
Indigenous rainforest blockades in Sarawak
Indigenous rainforest blockades in Sarawak began during the late 1980s and 1990s. In response to deforestation and land conversion of Sarawak's forest landscapes, Indigenous people of several groups along with international activists organised blockades  to resist logging activities and dam construction. Penan, Kayan and Kelabit people are among the groups who participated. Some blockades were dismantled by police and some participants were arrested. Indigenous people have continued to hold blockades into the 21st century.

Deforestation in Malaysia
Deforestation in Malaysia has taken place on an industrial scale. Malaysia is megadiverse country endowed with large tracts of tropical rainforest. In British Malaya, deforestation began in 1880 and was driven by the expansion of commercial rubber and palm oil cultivation. Between 1990 and 2010, Malaysia lost an estimated 8.6% of its forest cover, or around 1,920,000 hectares (4,700,000 acres). Logging and land clearing has particularly been driven by the palm oil sector. World Bank policies in the 1970s encouraged palm oil expansion and the IMF’s bailout package, following the 1998 economic crisis, incentivised the expansion of palm plantations. In recent decades, conservation efforts have attempted to protect Malaysia's forests and reduce the rate of deforestation.
9-Piece handicap
The 9-Piece (九枚落ち kyūmai-ochi) handicap in shogi has all of White's pieces removed except for the king, their right gold, and their line of pawns. (Thus, their rook, bishop, silvers, knights, lances, and the left gold are all missing.)

This handicap is very severe and, thus, not very competitive. It is not deemed an official handicap of the Japan Shogi Association. Its main goal is to instruct shogi beginners on how to play.

Handicap (shogi)
In shogi, a handicap game (駒落戦 koma ochisen, 駒落ち koma ochi, ハンデキャップ handekyappu, 手合割 teaiwari) is a game setup used between players of disparate strengths, in which one or more pieces are removed from the stronger player's side. (Note that the missing pieces are not available for drops and play no further part in the game.)

In Japanese, the higher ranked player is called 上手 uwate "handicapped player" while the lower player is 下手 shitate "lower player." These terms are usually translated in English simply as White and Black, respectively just like the way 後手 gote and 先手 sente are translated as White and Black, respectively.

The imbalance created by this method of handicapping is not as strong as it is in western chess because material advantage is not as powerful in shogi.

An even game (that is, a non-handicap game) is known as 平手 hirate in Japanese.
Denis Dobson
Sir Denis William Dobson KCB OBE QC (17 October 1908 – 15 December 1995) was a British solicitor, barrister and civil servant who served as Permanent Secretary to the Lord Chancellor's Department and Clerk of the Crown in Chancery from 5 April 1968 to 15 April 1977.

Permanent Secretary to the Lord Chancellor's Office
The Permanent Secretary to the Lord Chancellor's Department was the most senior civil servant in the Lord Chancellor's Department and a senior member of Her Majesty's Civil Service. Officially titled Her Majesty's Permanent Under-Secretary of State to the Lord Chancellor's Department (although the full title was rarely used) the Permanent Secretary oversaw the day-to-day running of the Department. The position ceased to exist in 2003 when the Lord Chancellor's Department was subsumed into the newly created Department for Constitutional Affairs, which became the Ministry of Justice in 2007. Despite existing for 118 years the position was held by only nine individuals, most notably Claud Schuster who served as Permanent Secretary for 29 years under 10 different Lord Chancellors.
Šmarata
Šmarata (pronounced [ʃmaˈɾaːta], German: Sankt Margarethen, Italian: Santa Margherita (di Olisa)) is a village south of Stari Trg pri Ložu in the Municipality of Loška Dolina in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia.

Stari Trg pri Ložu
Stari Trg pri Ložu (pronounced [ˈstaːɾi ˈtəɾk pɾi ˈloːʒu]; Slovene: Stari trg pri Ložu, German: Altenmarkt, Italian: Borgovecchio d'Olisa) is a settlement and the administrative seat of the Municipality of Loška Dolina in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia.
Mekhilta of Rabbi Ishmael
The Mekhilta of Rabbi Ishmael (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: מְכִילְתָּא דְּרַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל IPA /məˈχiltʰɑ/, "a collection of rules of interpretation") is midrash halakha to the Book of Exodus. The Aramaic title Mekhilta corresponds to the Mishnaic Hebrew term מדה middā "measure," "rule", and is used to denote a compilation of exegesis (מדות middoṯ; compare talmudical hermeneutics). Other important mekhiltas were those of Shimon bar Yochai and on Book of Deuteronomy. The latter work was also associated with Rabbi Ishmael's teachings.

According to Steven Fine, both  Sifra and the Mekhilta I. were concerned with the sanctification of early study houses after the destruction of the Second Temple.

Sifra
Sifra (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: סִפְרָא, romanized: sip̄rā, lit. 'document') is the Midrash halakha to the Book of Leviticus. It is frequently quoted in the Talmud and the study of it followed that of the Mishnah. Like Leviticus itself, the midrash is occasionally called Torat Kohanim, and in two passages Sifra debbe Rav.
Diocese of Capaccio
The Italian Catholic Diocese of Capaccio was an historic diocese in Campania. The title came to be used in the second half of the 12th century, when the bishops of Pesto (Paestum) were driven from their seat by the Norman invasion led by Duke Robert Guiscard, and the town of Pesto was sacked and burned. Bishop Leonardus (1159) appears to have been the first to use the title episcopus Caputaquensis. In 1851 it became the Diocese of Capaccio and Vallo.  Since 1945 it has been the Roman Catholic Diocese of Vallo della Lucania.

Diocese of Vallo della Lucania
The Diocese of Vallo della Lucania (Latin: Dioecesis Vallensis in Lucania) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Campania, has existed under this name since 1945. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Salerno-Campagna-Acerno.

Before renaming in 1945, it was the historical Diocese of Capaccio and Vallo.
Raff Ciccone
Raffaele Ciccone (born 1 November 1983) is an Australian politician who has served as Senator for Victoria since 2019. He is a member of the Labor Party and was appointed to the Senate following the resignation of Jacinta Collins, making him the 100th Senator to represent Victoria.

Jacinta Collins
Jacinta Mary Ann Collins (born 4 September 1962) is a former Australian politician who served as a Senator for Victoria from 1995 to 2005 and again from 2008 to 2019. She represented the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and was the party's deputy leader in the Senate from June to October 2013. Collins was a parliamentary secretary in the Gillard government and Minister for Mental Health and Ageing in the second Rudd government. She retired from politics prior to the 2019 federal election and accepted an appointment as national executive director of the National Catholic Education Commission on 18 February 2019.
Sunil Kumar Lala
Sunil Kumar Lala (Hindi: सुनील कुमार लाला) is an Indian politician and a member of the 16th Legislative Assembly in India. He represents the Kasta constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Samajwadi Party political party.

16th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (a.k.a. Sixteenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 15 March 2012 as a result of 2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election held between 8 Feb to 3 March 2012. The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly has total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member) against a total strength of 404 members.
Oliver LeBoutillier
Oliver Colin LeBoutillier (24 May 1894 – 12 May 1983) was an American aviator and flying ace. Serving with the British Royal Naval Air Service and Royal Air Force in the First World War, LeBoutillier scored 10 aerial victories, witnessed the death of Manfred von Richthofen and was a vigorous proponent of Captain Roy Brown as the victor over Richthofen. Post war, he became a stunt pilot for movies, a skywriter, and an aviation instructor whose most famous student was Amelia Earhart. Later, he became a civil aviation inspector.

Roy Brown (RAF officer)
Arthur Roy Brown, DSC & Bar (23 December 1893 – 9 March 1944) was a Canadian flying ace of the First World War, credited with ten aerial victories. The Royal Air Force officially credited Brown with shooting down Manfred von Richthofen, the "Red Baron", although historians, doctors, and ballistics experts consider it all but certain that Richthofen was actually killed by a machine gunner firing from the ground.
Populated centres of Peru
The populated centres of Peru (Spanish: Centros poblados; CC.PP.), are the fourth-level administrative subdivisions and the lowest administrative subdivision of the country. They are subdivisions of the districts, which in turn are subdivisions of provinces, which in turn are subdivisions of the regions. As of 2022, there are 2,859 populated centers in total, which are administered by municipalities headed by a mayor elected every four years.

Districts of Peru
The districts of Peru (Spanish: distritos) are the third-level country subdivisions of Peru. They are subdivisions of the provinces, which in turn are subdivisions of the larger regions or departments. There are 1,838 districts in total.
Predator: The Secret Scandal of J-Pop
Predator: The Secret Scandal of J-Pop is a British television documentary presented by journalist Mobeen Azhar. The documentary is centred on the sexual abuse involving Japanese record producer Johnny Kitagawa, the founder of the talent company Johnny & Associates and an influential figure in the Japanese entertainment industry. It was broadcast as part of the documentary series This World in the United Kingdom on BBC Two on 7 March 2023.

This World (TV series)
This World is a current affairs programme which produced by the BBC and broadcast on BBC Two in the United Kingdom, first airing on 4 January 2004. The programme also airs worldwide occasionally through BBC World News on digital services, satellite and cable in many countries. The series is mainly focused on social issues and current affairs stories around the world.
Tell the World: The Very Best of Ratt
Tell the World: The Very Best of Ratt is a career-spanning compilation album by American glam metal band Ratt. It features tracks from all 6 of the band's previous studio albums, including their quartet of consecutive platinum LPs from the mid-to-late-'80s (Out of the Cellar, Invasion of Your Privacy, Dancing Undercover, and Reach for the Sky), plus their 1990 album Detonator and their 1999 self-titled album, as well as a selection from their 1997 rarities compilation Collage, a favorite from their intimate 1990 MTV Unplugged live session, and their single from 1991's Point Break film soundtrack. Ironically, the title track for this compilation, ("Tell the World"), which originally appeared on the band's 1983 self-titled debut EP, is not actually included; in fact, no selection from the EP appears.

Detonator (album)
Detonator is the fifth studio album by American glam metal band Ratt, released August 21, 1990, by Atlantic Records. This is the last album to feature bassist Juan Croucier and guitarist Robbin Crosby before the latter's death in 2002.

Though their previous album Reach for the Sky went platinum, it met with some criticism regarding the quality of their songs. In an attempt to regain the popularity that Ratt had in the mid-1980s, the band parted ways with long-time producer Beau Hill. Songwriter Desmond Child and his personal sound engineer Arthur Payson were hired as producers for the album. The album is notable for featuring Ratt's only power ballad, "Givin' Yourself Away". The band also gravitated towards a more glam metal/pop metal sound on Detonator.
Automatic fire suppression
Automatic fire suppression systems control and extinguish fires without human intervention. Examples of automatic systems include fire sprinkler system, gaseous fire suppression, and condensed aerosol fire suppression. When fires are extinguished in the early stages loss of life is minimal since 93% of all fire-related deaths occur once the fire has progressed beyond the early stages.

Fire sprinkler system
A fire sprinkler system is an active fire protection method, consisting of a water supply system providing adequate pressure and flowrate to a water distribution piping system, to which fire sprinklers are connected. Although initially used only in factories and large commercial buildings, systems for homes and small buildings are now in use.

Fire sprinkler systems are extensively used worldwide, with over 40 million sprinkler heads fitted each year.  Fire sprinkler systems are generally designed as a life saving system, but are not necessarily designed to protect the building. Of buildings completely protected by fire sprinkler systems, if a fire did initiate, it was controlled by the fire sprinklers alone in 96% of these cases.
Louis Theroux's BBC Two specials
In these first special programmes (2003), Louis Theroux returned to American themes, working at feature-length, this time with a more serious tone than in his earlier Weird Weekends work. For example, Louis and the Brothel takes a sympathetic look at the sex workers working at a legal brothel in Nevada whereas Under the Knife takes a more critical look at the world of plastic surgery. Other programmes cover a wide variety of topics including law and disorder and Nazis.

In March 2006, Theroux signed a deal with the BBC to produce ten films over the course of three years. In February 2009, a new contract came into force which guaranteed him another ten hour-long documentaries with the BBC.

Louis Theroux: Under the Knife
Louis Theroux: Under the Knife is a TV documentary written and presented by Louis Theroux about the people and doctors involved in plastic surgery operations. Filmed mostly in the US, in the programme, Louis himself ends up getting liposuction.
Thiruvananthapuram Assembly constituency
Thiruvananthapuram Central Assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala, India. It is one of the seven assembly segments that constitute the Thiruvananthapuram Lok Sabha constituency. It has been vacant since 3 January 2026 following the disqualification of Antony Raju, who was elected in 2021 election, after a three-year conviction for tampering with the evidence in a drug-related case.

Thiruvananthapuram Assembly constituency was established by the 2008 delimitation. Before, it was known as Trivandrum West Assembly Constituency from 1977 to 2008, and Trivandrum-I Assembly constituency from 1957 to 1977.

Kerala Legislative Assembly
The Kerala Legislative Assembly, popularly known as the Kerala Niyamasabha, is the State Assembly of Kerala, one of the 28 states in India. The Assembly is formed by 140 elected representatives, one from each of the 140 constituencies within the borders of Kerala, referred to as Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).
Chris H. Greene
Chris H. Greene is an American physicist and the Albert Overhauser Distinguished Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Purdue University. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2019.

Albert Overhauser
Albert W. Overhauser (August 17, 1925 – December 10, 2011) was an American physicist and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He is best known for his theory of the Overhauser effect in nuclear magnetic resonance. The Overhauser effect was the first example of dynamic nuclear polarization whereby spin polarization is transferred from unpaired electrons in paramagnetic metals to nuclei resulting in a dramatic increase in their NMR intensity. The Nuclear Overhauser Effect, which follows the same mechanism, is also widely used in nuclear magnetic resonance and formed the basis for early protein structure determinations, for which Kurt Wüthrich was ultimately awarded the Nobel prize in Chemistry.
2024 Volgograd Oblast Duma election
The 2024 Volgograd Oblast Duma election took place on 6–8 September 2024, on common election day, coinciding with 2024 Volgograd Oblast gubernatorial election. All 38 seats in the Oblast Duma were up for reelection.

United Russia retained its overwhelming majority in the Oblast Duma, winning 52% of the vote. The election produced relatively small changes with New People entering the Duma being the most significant.

2024 Russian elections
The 2024 Russian elections were held in large part, on Sunday, 8 September 2024 (single election day), with several regions allowing voting on 6 and 7 September. There were three by-elections to the 8th State Duma, 19 gubernatorial elections (16 direct and three indirectly elected), 13 regional parliamentary elections, and many elections on the municipal level.
E-girl and e-boy subculture
E-girls and e-boys, sometimes collectively referred to as e-kids, are a youth subculture of Gen Z that emerged in the late 2010s, notably popularized by the video-sharing application TikTok. It is an evolution of emo, scene, and mall goth fashion, combined with Japanese and South Korean street fashion.

Videos by e-girls and e-boys tend to be flirtatious and, many times, overtly sexual. Eye-rolling and protruding tongues (a facial expression known as ahegao, imitating climaxing) are common.

According to Business Insider, the terms are not gender-specific, instead referring to two separate styles of fashion, stating that "While the e-boy is a vulnerable 'softboi' and embraces skate culture, the e-girl is cute and seemingly innocent".

Japanese street fashion
Japanese street fashion refers to a number of styles of contemporary modern clothing in Japan. Created from a mix of both local and international fashion brands, Japanese street fashions tend to have their own distinctive style, with some considered to be extreme and imaginative, with similarities to the haute couture styles seen on European catwalks.