hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dal
In Indian cuisine, dal (also spelled daal or dhal  pronunciation: [d̪aːl]) are dried, split pulses (e.g., lentils, peas, and beans) that do not require soaking before cooking. India is the largest producer of pulses in the world. The term is also used for various soups prepared from these pulses. These pulses are among the leading  staple foods in South Asian countries, and form an important part of the cuisines of the Indian subcontinent.

Papadam
A papadam, also known as a poppadom or papadum among other transliterations, is a snack that originated in the Indian subcontinent. Dough of black gram bean flour is either deep-fried or cooked with dry heat (flipped over an open flame) until crunchy. Other flours made from lentils, chickpeas, rice, tapioca, millet or potato are also used. Papadam is typically served as an accompaniment to a meal in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Caribbean or as an appetizer, often with dips such as chutneys, or toppings like chopped onions and chili peppers.
Tomaž Planina
Tomaž Planina ([tomáž planína, pron. tomazh pluneenah], 17 March 1934 – 31 December 2014) was a Slovenian cave photographer, speleologist, and botanist. He was most known for his work in cave photography, laboratory rope testing, especially in connection to knots, and his contribution to the development of the single-rope technique.

Speleology
Speleology (from Ancient Greek  σπήλαιον (spḗlaion) 'cave' and  -λογία (-logía) 'study of') is the scientific study of caves and other karst features, as well as their composition, structure, physical properties, history, ecology, and the processes by which they form (speleogenesis) and change over time (speleomorphology). The term speleology is also sometimes applied to the recreational activity of exploring caves, but this is more properly known as caving, potholing (British English), or spelunking (United States and Canadian English). Speleology and caving are often connected, as the physical skills required for in situ study are the same.

Speleology is a cross-disciplinary field that combines the knowledge of chemistry, biology, geology, physics, meteorology, and cartography to develop portraits of caves as complex, evolving systems.
Satish Sikarwar
Satish Sikarwar is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is a Member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 2023, representing Gwalior East Assembly constituency as a Member of the Indian National Congress.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
Remus Gomes
Remus Gomes (born 12 December 1978) is an Indian coach and former professional footballer. He coached the U-21 and U19 squad of Dempo SC, before becoming the assistant coach of the India national under-20 football team. He has had a long and successful playing career of over eighteen years, representing some of the most prestigious Indian clubs including Vasco Sports Club, Dempo Sports Club, Salgaocar Football Club and Sporting Clube De Goa. His most successful period was at Salgaocar Football Club, where he went on to win the Goa Professional League title three times, the Durand Cup once, and one Police Cup. He played a pivotal role during his six-year stint with the club.

SC de Goa
Sporting Clube de Goa (Portuguese pronunciation: [sɨˈpɔɾtĩ ˈkluβɨ ðɨ ˈɡo.ɐ]), otherwise referred to as Sporting CG or simply Sporting Goa, is an Indian professional football club based in Panaji, Goa. The club competes in the I-League 2, the third tier of the Indian football league system and the Goa Football League. They previously competed in the I-League, then the top domestic flight.

The club was built on the lines of Portuguese club Sporting CP and adopted a similar club crest. Sporting Clube de Goa won its first Goa Football League in 2006. Since then it has clinched the title in 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020 and 2021.

Sporting Goa is the only club to have won the Super Cup without winning the league or Federation Cup. The club pulled out of 2016–17 I-League, citing AIFF bias against some clubs.
Thoia Thoing
"Thoia Thoing" is a song by American singer R. Kelly. It was written and produced by Kelly for his 2003 compilation album The R. in R&B Collection, Vol. 1. The song was released as the album's lead single in July 2003 and peaked at number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100. In the United Kingdom, the song was released on a double A-side with "Step in the Name of Love" and in selected territories with "Snake" (featuring Big Tigger), both lifted from his previous album Chocolate Factory (2003).

The R. in R&B Collection, Vol. 1
The R. in R&B Collection, Vol. 1 is the first compilation album released by American R&B singer R. Kelly. The album has sold more than 3 million copies in the United States and 907,680 copies in United Kingdom.
Small Diamond Crown of Queen Victoria
The Small Diamond Crown of Queen Victoria is a miniature imperial and state crown made at the request of Queen Victoria in 1870 to wear over her widow's cap following the death of her husband, Prince Albert. It was perhaps the crown most associated with the queen and is one of the Crown Jewels on public display in the Jewel House at the Tower of London.

Jewel House
51°30′29″N 0°4′34″W﻿ / ﻿51.50806°N 0.07611°W﻿ / 51.50806; -0.07611

The Jewel House is a vault housing the British Crown Jewels in the Waterloo Block (formerly a barracks) at the Tower of London. It was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1994 and refurbished in 2012. Regalia have been kept in various parts of the Tower since the 14th century after a series of successful and attempted thefts at Westminster Abbey.
Banks Sidewinder
The Banks Sidewinder is a land speed record vehicle that was built by Gale Banks Engineering in 2001. Based on a Dodge Dakota pickup truck, the Banks Sidewinder became the fastest pickup ever when it set a speed record of 213.583 mph (343.729 km/h) at Bonneville in October 2001.

Bonneville Salt Flats
The Bonneville Salt Flats are a densely packed salt pan in Tooele County in northwestern Utah, United States. A remnant of the Pleistocene Lake Bonneville, it is the largest of many salt flats west of the Great Salt Lake. It is public land managed by the Bureau of Land Management and is known for land speed records at the Bonneville Speedway. The Flats are open to the public.

The Flats are about 12 miles (19 km) long and 5 miles (8 km) wide, with a crust almost 5 ft (1.5m) thick at the center and less than one inch (2.5 cm) towards the edges. It is estimated to hold 147 million tons of salt, about 90% of which is common table salt.
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) is a medical condition involving loss of vision caused by damage to the anterior portion of the optic nerve as a result of insufficient blood supply (ischemia). This form of ischemic optic neuropathy is generally categorized as two types: arteritic AION (or AAION), in which the loss of vision is the result of an inflammatory disease of arteries in the head called temporal arteritis, and non-arteritic AION (abbreviated as NAION, NAAION, or sometimes simply as AION), which is due to non-inflammatory disease of small blood vessels. It is in contrast to posterior ischemic optic neuropathy, which affects the retrobulbar portion of the optic nerve.

Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a medical condition characterized by loss of vision caused by damage to the optic nerve as a result of ischemia, or insufficient blood supply. The key symptom of NAION is optic disc swelling, which typically resolves within 2 months, but often leads to  optic atrophy. The likelihood of vision improvement after developing this condition is low.

NAION is characterized by localized disruptions in blood flow to the optic nerve, often linked with broader systemic vascular conditions. Key risk factors include coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, sleep apnea, diabetes, and hypertension. Currently, there is no universally accepted, scientifically proven treatment for NAION. However, there is a general consensus on the importance of managing underlying risk factors to prevent further complications. This includes controlling blood pressure, managing diabetes, and treating sleep apnea.
Catalans Dragons
The Catalans Dragons (French: Dragons Catalans, Catalan: Dracs Catalans) are a professional rugby league club from Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales department, France. Despite being based in France, the club competes in Super League, the top tier of the British rugby league.

Formed after the merger of XIII Catalan and AS Saint-Estève, they have won one French Championship and two Lord Derby Cups. In Britain they have never won the League Championship but have won the Challenge Cup once.

Catalans play home games at Stade Gilbert Brutus. Their traditional home colours are white red and gold.

Coupe de France Lord Derby
The Coupe de France Lord Derby (lit. 'Lord Derby French Cup'), or just Coupe Lord Derby ('Lord Derby Cup'), is the premier knockout competition for the sport of rugby league football in France, as well as the name of its championship trophy. The tournament was first contested in 1934–35, which also marked the inaugural season of the French Rugby League Championship.

Each round is played in single-elimination mode. The Lord Derby Cup was previously open to all professional and amateur clubs, but since the 2023–2024 edition has been limited to teams in the top two divisions.
Warrington Wolves Women
Warrington Wolves Women are the women's rugby league team of Warrington Wolves in Warrington, Cheshire, England. They compete in the RFL Women's Championship, playing their home games at Victoria Park and some games at the Halliwell Jones Stadium; the home of the men's team.

RFL Women's Championship
The RFL Women's Championship (originally proposed as the RFL Women's Regional Super League) is a rugby league competition for women's rugby league clubs in Great Britain. The competition is the second tier competition in the British rugby league system with competition winners having the possibility of promotion to the Women’s Super League.
Sarvam Sakthimayam
Sarvam Sakthimayam is a 1986 Indian Tamil-language devotional film directed by PR Somasundhar under the banner Preethi Inder Combines. It stars Rajesh and Sudha Chandran in lead roles, with S. Ve. Shekher, Manorama, Radha Ravi, Ramya Krishnan in supporting roles. The film was released on 7 March 1986.

S. Ve. Shekher
Sattanathapuram Venkataraman Shekher (born 26 December 1950) is an Indian actor, film director, screenwriter, politician and also a playwright in Tamil-language plays. In 2006, he was elected as an MLA for the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) from Mylapore. He is the founder of Federation of Brahmin associations of South India (FEBAS).
Dmitri Nusinow
Dmitri Nusinow is an American chronobiologist who studies plant circadian rhythms. He was born on November 7, 1976, in Inglewood, California. He currently resides in St. Louis with his wife and two children, and his research focus includes a combination of molecular, biochemical, genetic, genomic, and proteomic tools to discover the molecular connections between signaling networks, circadian oscillators, and specific outputs. By combining these methods, he hopes to apply the knowledge elucidated from the Arabidopsis model to other plant species.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana, the thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis, is a small plant from the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia and Africa. Commonly found along the shoulders of roads and in disturbed land, it is generally considered a weed.

A winter annual with a relatively short lifecycle, A. thaliana is a popular model organism in plant biology and genetics. For a complex multicellular eukaryote, A. thaliana has a relatively small genome of around 135 megabase pairs. It was the first plant to have its genome sequenced, and is an important tool for understanding the molecular biology of many plant traits, including flower development and light sensing.
Belgrad Forest
Belgrad Forest (Turkish: Belgrad Ormanı) is a mixed deciduous forest lying adjacent to Istanbul, Turkey. It is named after the village next to the forest, settled by thousands of Serbs who were deported to the capital Constantinople from the city of Belgrade in 1521, when it fell to the Ottomans. Geographically, the forest is located at the easternmost point of the Thracian Peninsula. Forest terrain is divided between Sarıyer and Eyüp districts. Several historical reservoirs lie within the forest.

Siege of Belgrade (1521)
The siege of Belgrade (Hungarian: Nándorfehérvár ostroma) in 1521 is an event that followed as a result of the third major Ottoman attack on this Hungarian stronghold in the Ottoman–Hungarian wars at the time of the greatest expansion of the Ottoman Empire to the west. Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent launched his army in mid-May 1521. The Hungarian state was almost in disarray and unable to effectively counter the Ottoman army.
Medical emergency
A medical emergency is an acute injury or illness that poses an immediate risk to a person's life or long-term health, sometimes referred to as a situation risking "life or limb". These emergencies may require assistance from another, qualified person, as some of these emergencies, such as cardiovascular (heart), respiratory, and gastrointestinal cannot be dealt with by the victim themselves. Dependent on the severity of the emergency, and the quality of any treatment given, it may require the involvement of multiple levels of care, from first aiders through emergency medical technicians, paramedics, emergency physicians and anesthesiologists.

Any response to an emergency medical situation will depend strongly on the situation, the patient involved, and availability of resources to help them. It will also vary depending on whether the emergency occurs whilst in hospital under medical care, or outside medical care (for instance, in the street or alone at home).

Patient
A patient is any recipient of health care services that are performed by healthcare professionals. The patient is most often ill or injured and in need of treatment by a physician, nurse, optometrist, dentist, veterinarian, or other health care provider.
Ordonnance
In French law, an ordonnance (French: [ɔʁdɔnɑ̃s] ⓘ, "order") is a statutory instrument issued by the Council of Ministers in an area of law normally reserved for primary legislation enacted by the French Parliament.  They function as temporary statutes pending ratification by the Parliament; failing ratification they function as mere executive regulations.

Ordonnances should not be confused with décrets issued by the prime minister (an order-in-council) or president, or with ministerial orders (arrêtés); these are issued either in matters where the Constitution allows primary legislation from the Council or as secondary legislation implementing a statute.

In the French justice system, the word can also refer to a summary ruling made by a single judge for simple cases.

Primary and secondary legislation
Primary legislation and secondary legislation (the latter also called delegated legislation or subordinate legislation) are two forms of law, created respectively by the legislative and executive branches of governments in representative democracies. Primary legislation generally consists of statutes, also known as "acts", that set out broad  principles and rules, but may delegate specific authority to an executive branch to make more specific laws under the aegis of the principal act. The executive branch can then issue secondary legislation (often by order-in-council in parliamentary systems, or by regulatory agencies in presidential systems), creating legally enforceable regulations and the procedures for implementing them.
Tony Satini
Tony Satini (born 29 August 1993) is a professional rugby league footballer who played as a centre for the North Sydney Bears in the NSW Cup in 2021. He previously played for the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles and the Mount Pritchard Mounties. He played for the Tonga national rugby league team in 2014.

Tonga national rugby league team
The Tonga national rugby league team (Tongan: timi līki ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in rugby league football. They are currently the 4th ranked team in the world. The team was formed to compete in the 1986 Pacific Cup, and have competed at six Rugby League World Cups, starting in 1995 and continuing consecutively until the most recent tournament. Their best result was at the 2017 Rugby League World Cup, where they were semi-finalists.

Formerly administered by the Tonga National Rugby League, the team is now in a state of limbo with administration. They wear a predominantly red uniform with white sides and are associated with the phrase Mate Ma'a Tonga (English: Die for Tonga). They are coached by Australian Kristian Woolf, and captained by Addin Fonua-Blake.
Robert McAuley
Robert McAuley was an association football player who represented New Zealand, playing in New Zealand's first ever official international.

McAuley made his full All Whites debut in New Zealand's inaugural A-international fixture, beating Australia 3–1 on 17 June 1922 and ended his international playing career with six  A-international caps to his credit, his final cap an appearance in a 4–1 win over Australia on 30 June 1923.

New Zealand men's national football team
The New Zealand men's national football team (Māori: Tīma hoka a-motu o Aotearoa) represents New Zealand in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the governing body for football in New Zealand, New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the All Whites (Māori: Ōmā [ɔːmaː]).

The team represented New Zealand at the FIFA World Cup tournaments in 1982 and 2010, and are set to appear in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It also participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 1999, 2003, 2009, and 2017. New Zealand is a six-time OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand was the only unbeaten country in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, drawing all three group stage games; nevertheless, they were eliminated in the group stage.
Raman Laser Spectrometer
Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) is a miniature Raman spectrometer  that is part of the science payload on board the European Space Agency's Rosalind Franklin rover, tasked to search for biosignatures and biomarkers on Mars. The rover is planned to be launched not earlier than 2028 and land on Mars in 2029.

Raman spectroscopy is a technique employed to identify mineral phases produced by water-related processes. RLS will help to identify organic compounds and search for microbial life by identifying the mineral products and indicators of biologic activities. RLS will provide geological and mineralogical context information that will be scientifically cross-correlated with that obtained by other instruments.

Biomarker
In biomedical contexts, a biomarker, or biological marker, is a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition. Biomarkers are often measured and evaluated using blood, urine, or soft tissues to examine normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers are used in many scientific fields.
1879 massacre at Mandalay Palace
The 1879 massacre at Mandalay Palace (Burmese: ၁၈၇၉ မန္တလေးနန်းတွင်းလူသတ်ပွဲ), occurred on 13, 15 and 17 February 1879 (8th, 10th and 12th waning days of Tabodwe, 1240 M.E.) at the Mandalay Palace. It was one of the most notorious events in the history of the Konbaung dynasty.

Orchestrated by Queen Dowager Hsinbyumashin, it was intended to secure the succession of her son-in-law, Prince Thibaw, and her daughter, Supayalat. During King Mindon's final illness, more than forty princes and princesses were killed by a group of co-conspirators to eliminate potential rivals to the throne.

Thibaw Min
Thibaw Min, also Thebaw (Burmese: သီပေါ‌မင်း, pronounced [θìbɔ́ mɪ́ɰ̃]; 1 January 1859 – 16 December 1916), was the last king of the Konbaung dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) and also the last Burmese monarch in the country's history. His reign ended when the Royal Burmese armed forces were defeated by the forces of the British Empire in the Third Anglo-Burmese War, on 29 November 1885, prior to its official annexation on 1 January 1886.
Rivers of Nihil (album)
Rivers of Nihil is the fifth studio album by American technical death metal band Rivers of Nihil. The album was released on May 30, 2025 via Metal Blade Records. It is the band's first album without founding member and vocalist Jake Dieffenbach, and the first to feature Andy Thomas. Commercially, the album is the band's most successful to date, debuting on multiple charts, debuting at #2 position on the Current Hard Music Albums chart, #7 on the Current Rock Albums chart, #7 on the Independent Label Albums chart.

Metal Blade Records
Metal Blade Records (often shortened to Metal Blade) is an American independent record label founded by Brian Slagel in 1982 based in the U.S. state of California. The label primarily focuses on heavy metal.
Zoom Daddy
Zoom Daddy is the third album by rock band The Swirling Eddies, released in 1994 on Alarma Records. It was released almost simultaneously with Terry Scott Taylor's other project, the Daniel Amos album Bibleland.

The Swirling Eddies dropped their pseudonyms for this album, listing their real names in the credits.

The album was dedicated to Mark Heard.

Daniel Amos
Daniel Amos (aka D. A., Dä) is an American Christian rock band formed in 1974 by Terry Scott Taylor on guitars and vocals, Marty Dieckmeyer on bass guitar, Steve Baxter on guitars and Jerry Chamberlain on lead guitars. The band currently consists of Taylor, guitarist Greg Flesch and drummer Ed McTaggart. Over the band's career, they have included keyboardist Mark Cook, drummer Alex MacDougall, bassist Tim Chandler and keyboardist Rob Watson with sounds that experimented with country rock, rock, new wave and alternative rock.
John C. Persons
John Cecil Persons (May 9, 1888 – December 22, 1974) was a lawyer, banker, and highly decorated officer in the United States Army and Alabama National Guard, who is most noted as the commanding general of the 31st Infantry Division during World War II.

Persons began his career as a lawyer and later served as an infantry officer during World War I, when he distinguished himself during the Second Battle of the Marne. He received the Distinguished Service Cross, the second highest decoration of the United States Army, and remained active in the Alabama National Guard after the war. Following the United States' entry into World War II, Persons commanded the 31st Infantry Division in the Southwest Pacific theatre.

Second Battle of the Marne
The Second Battle of the Marne (French: Seconde Bataille de la Marne; 15 – 18 July 1918) was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during the First World War. The attack failed when an Allied counterattack, led by French forces and supported by several hundreds of Renault FT tanks, overwhelmed the Germans on their right flank, inflicting severe casualties. The German defeat marked the start of the relentless Allied advance which culminated in an armistice with Germany about 100 days later.