hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unitary operator
In functional analysis, a unitary operator is a surjective bounded operator on a Hilbert space that preserves the inner product.
Non-trivial examples include rotations,  reflections, and the Fourier operator.
Unitary operators generalize unitary matrices.
Unitary operators are usually taken as operating on a Hilbert space, but the same notion serves to define the concept of isomorphism between Hilbert spaces.

Fourier operator
The Fourier operator is the kernel of the Fredholm integral of the first kind that defines the continuous Fourier transform, and is a two-dimensional function when it corresponds to the Fourier transform of one-dimensional functions. It is complex-valued and has a constant (typically unity) magnitude everywhere.  When depicted, e.g. for teaching purposes, it may be visualized by its separate real and imaginary parts, or as a colour image using a colour wheel to denote phase.

It is usually denoted by a capital letter "F" in script font (), e.g. the Fourier transform of a function  would be written using the operator as .

It may be thought of as a limiting case for when the size of the discrete Fourier transform increases without bound while its spatial resolution also increases without bound, so as to become both continuous and not necessarily periodic.
Ouranosaurus
Ouranosaurus is a genus of herbivorous basal hadrosauriform dinosaur that lived during the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous of modern-day Niger and Cameroon. Ouranosaurus measured about 7–8.3 metres (23–27 ft) long and weighed 2.2 metric tons (2.4 short tons). Two rather complete fossils were found in the Elrhaz Formation, Gadoufaoua deposits, Agadez, Niger, in 1965 and 1970, with a third indeterminate specimen known from the Koum Formation of Cameroon. The animal was named in 1976 by French paleontologist Philippe Taquet, the type species being Ouranosaurus nigeriensis. The generic name is a combination of ourane, a word with multiple meanings, and sauros, the Greek word for lizard. The specific epithet nigeriensis alludes to Niger, its country of discovery (in Latin, the adjectival suffix -iensis means "originating from"). As such, Ouranosaurus nigeriensis could be interpreted as "brave lizard originating from Niger".

Elrhaz Formation
The Elrhaz Formation is a geological formation in Niger, West Africa.

Its strata date back to the Early Cretaceous, about 125 to 112 million years ago. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, alongside those of multiple species of crocodyliformes.
Regional Government of Lambayeque
The Regional Government of Lambayeque (Spanish: Gobierno Regional de Lambayeque; GORE Lambayeque) is the regional government that represents the Department of Lambayeque. It is the body with legal identity in public law and its own assets, which is in charge of the administration of provinces of the department in Peru. Its purpose is the social, cultural and economic development of its constituency. It is based in the city of Chiclayo.

Regional governments of Peru
The regional Governments (Spanish: gobiernos regionales) of the government of Peru administer each of the country's 24 departments, as well as the Constitutional Province of Callao and the Province of Metropolitan Lima. It has political, economic, and administrative autonomy in the subjects of its matter. The Constitution of Peru first mandated the establishment of regional governments in 1979.
Bone metastasis
Bone metastasis, or osseous metastatic disease, is a category of cancer metastases that result from primary tumor invasions into bones. Bone-originating primary tumors such as osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma are rare; the most common bone tumor is a metastasis. Bone metastases can be classified as osteolytic, osteoblastic, or both. Unlike hematologic malignancies which originate in the blood and form non-solid tumors, bone metastases generally arise from epithelial tumors and form a solid mass inside the bone. Primary breast cancer patients are particularly vulnerable to develop bone metastases.  Bone metastases, especially in a state of advanced disease, can cause severe pain, characterized by a dull, constant ache with periodic spikes of incident pain.

Osteolytic lesion
An osteolytic lesion (from the Greek words for "bone" (ὀστέον), and "to unbind" (λύειν)) is a softened section of a patient's bone formed as a symptom of specific diseases, including breast cancer and multiple myeloma. This softened area appears as a hole on X-ray scans due to decreased bone density, although many other diseases are associated with this symptom. Osteolytic lesions can cause pain, increased risk of bone fracture, and spinal cord compression. These lesions can be treated using bisphosphonates or radiation, though new solutions are being tested in clinical trials.
Arctique Royale
Arctique Royale (22 April 1978 – 2000) was an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. As a two-year-old she made only two appearances, winning a maiden race at the Curragh on her debut and then taking the Moyglare Stud Stakes at the same track. She was beaten on her first run of 1982 but then recorded her biggest win in the Irish 1000 Guineas. She was beaten in her last four races and was retired from racing at the end of the year. She had considerable success as a broodmare.

Curragh Racecourse
The Curragh Racecourse is a flat racecourse in County Kildare, Ireland. The racecourse is home to Ireland’s five most important flat races, known as the Classics. Racing takes place 23 days each year from the end of March until late October. Guided tours of the venue are available outside of race days.
Sjoerd Vollebregt
Sjoerd Steven Vollebregt (born 10 December 1954, in Leiden) is a sailor from the Netherlands who represented his native country at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Kingston, Ontario. With twin brother Erik Vollebregt as helmsman, Vollebregt finished 14th in the Sailing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Flying Dutchman. Since in 1980 the  Netherlands boycotted the Moscow Olympics, Vollebregt represented his National Olympic Committee under the Dutch NOC flag in the Flying Dutchman. Again with his brother as helmsman, he took 7th place.

After the 1980 Olympics Vollebregt started a new Olympic campaign for the 1984 Olympics crewing in the Soling together with Gijs Evers and his older brother Peter Vollebregt as helmsman but finally failed to qualify.

Sailing at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and the canceled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. The Sailing program of 1980 consisted of a total of six sailing classes (disciplines). For each class seven races were scheduled from 19 to 29 July 1980 of the coast of Tallinn (district of Pirita, in present-day Estonia), in that time an illegally annexed part of the USSR at the Baltic Sea. The sailing was done on the triangular type Olympic courses.
1867 Liverpool Town Council election
Elections to Liverpool Town Council were held on Friday 1 November 1867. One third of the council seats were up for election, the term of office of each councillor being three years.

Twelve of the sixteen wards were uncontested.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Liverpool City Council
Liverpool City Council, formerly the Liverpool Corporation is the local authority for the city of Liverpool in Merseyside, England. Liverpool has had a local authority since 1207, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1974 the council has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority since 2014.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2010. It meets at Liverpool Town Hall and has its main offices at the Cunard Building.
SindoPower
SindoPower was a German business-to-business (B2B) eCommerce company

SindoPower's parent company, The German-based holding company Semikron, employs 3,600 people worldwide. SEMIKRON comprises a global network of 35 companies with 10 production sites. Power electronics are produced in Germany, France, Italy, Slovakia, South Africa, Brazil, USA, China, India and South Korea. The company  has a 37% share of the worldwide market for diode/thyristor modules.

SindoPower was integrated into the Semikron Group in 2015.

Business-to-business
Business-to-business (B2B or, in some countries, BtoB or B4B) refers to trade and commercial activity where a business sees other businesses as its customer base. This typically occurs when:

A business sources materials for its production process for output (e.g., a food manufacturer purchasing salt), i.e. providing raw material to the other company that will produce output.

A business needs the services of another for operational reasons (e.g., a food manufacturer employing an accountancy firm to audit their finances).

A business re-sells goods and services produced by others (e.g., a retailer buying the end product from the food manufacturer).

Business-to-business activity is thought to allow business segmentation.

B2B is often contrasted with business-to-consumer (B2C) trade, the latter of which typically sells directly to the general public and consumers, rather than other businesses and organisations.
Accessory soleus muscle
The accessory soleus muscle is an accessory muscle of the calf which is rarely present in humans; it is, however, the most common accessory muscle of the ankle.

The muscle inserts on the anterior aspect of the soleus muscle or on the posterior aspect of the tibia or the muscles of the deep posterior compartment. It lies anterior to the calcaneal tendon and terminates on the calcaneal tendon or the superior or medial aspect of the calcaneus via fleshy fibers or a distinct tendon.

Present in approximately 3% (or 10%) of people, this muscle usually appears as a distant belly, medial to the Achilles tendon. Clinically, the accessory soleus may be associated with pain and edema during periods of prolonged exercise.

Achilles tendon
The Achilles tendon, or the heel cord, also known as the calcaneal tendon, is a tendon at the back of the lower leg, and is the thickest in the human body. It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone. These muscles, acting via the tendon, cause plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle joint, and (except the soleus) flexion at the knee.

Abnormalities of the Achilles tendon include inflammation (Achilles tendinitis), degeneration, rupture, and becoming embedded with cholesterol deposits (xanthomas).

The Achilles tendon was named in 1693 after the Greek hero Achilles.
Rajão
The rajão  (Portuguese: machete de rajão) is a 5-stringed instrument from Madeira, Portugal. The instrument traces back to the country's regional folk music, where it is used in folklore dances of Portugal in addition to other stringed instruments from the same region.

Cavaquinho
The cavaquinho (pronounced [kɐvɐˈkiɲu] in Portuguese) is a small Portuguese string instrument in the European guitar family, with four wires or gut strings.

A cavaquinho player is called a cavaquista.
Constance Garnett
Constance Clara Garnett (née Black; 19 December 1861 – 17 December 1946) was an English translator of nineteenth-century Russian literature. She was the first English translator to render numerous volumes of Anton Chekhov's work into English and the first to translate almost all of Fyodor Dostoevsky's fiction into English. She also rendered works by Ivan Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy, Nikolai Gogol, Ivan Goncharov, Alexander Ostrovsky, and Alexander Herzen into English. Altogether, she translated 71 volumes of Russian literature, many of which are still in print today.

Alexander Herzen
Alexander Ivanovich Herzen (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Ге́рцен, romanized: Aleksándr Ivánovich Gértsen; 6 April [O.S. 25 March] 1812 – 21 January [O.S. 9 January] 1870) was a Russian writer and thinker known as the precursor of Russian socialism and one of the main precursors of agrarian populism (being an ideological ancestor of the Narodniki, Socialist-Revolutionaries, Trudoviks and the agrarian American Populist Party). With his writings, many composed while exiled in London, he attempted to influence the situation in Russia, contributing to a political climate that led to the emancipation of the serfs in 1861. He published the important social novel Who is to Blame? (1845–46). His autobiography, My Past and Thoughts (written 1852–1870), is often considered one of the best examples of that genre in Russian literature.
Anita Ramos Camba
Anita Ramos-Camba (born April 13, 1979) is a Filipina film and television reporter, director, and producer. She has produced several TV shows for Net 25 such as Tribe and the celebrity talk show Moments.

Moments (talk show)
Moments (stylized MOMents) was a Philippine television celebrity talk show hosted by Gladys Reyes, produced in cooperation with her company GPRSommereux, Inc., and aired on Net 25. It was a show for mothers and kids that featured various bonding moments, child-rearing styles, and the many facets of motherhood. The show aired from November 10, 2007, to December 21, 2024..
Peter Connelly
Peter Connelly (born 8 September 1972) is a British video game composer and sound designer, best known for his work on the Tomb Raider series. He has been part of several video game releases working mainly with Core Design, Eutechnyx and Ubisoft.

As part of Core Design in the late 1990s and early 2000s, he composed the soundtracks for Tomb Raider: The Last Revelation (1999) and Tomb Raider: Chronicles (2000), and co-composed Tomb Raider: The Angel of Darkness (2003). Connelly has also contributed to numerous other video game projects, including work on titles such as Driver: San Francisco (2011), Watch Dogs (2014), The Crew (2014), and South Park: The Fractured but Whole (2017) in audio design roles.

Ubisoft Reflections
Ubisoft Reflections Limited (formerly Reflections and later Reflections Interactive Limited) is a British video game developer and a studio of Ubisoft based in Newcastle upon Tyne. Founded in 1984 by Martin Edmondson and Nicholas Chamberlain, the studio focuses on racing games and it is best known for creating the award-winning Driver series. Reflections was acquired by GT Interactive in 1998 – which later turned into Atari Inc. – and sold to Ubisoft in 2006. The company worked in close cooperation with sister studio Ubisoft Leamington, until its closure in 2025.
Mizo Hlakungpui Mual
Mizo Hlakungpui Mual (Mizo Poets' Square) is a monument to commemorate Mizo poets. It was set up in 1986 at the southern edge of Khawbung Village, Mizoram state, North-East India, about 100 miles northwest of Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Mizo language
Mizo also known as Duhlián ṭawng is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken mainly in the Indian state of Mizoram, where it is the official language and lingua franca. It is the mother tongue of the Mizo people and some members of the Mizo diaspora. Other than Mizoram, it is also spoken in Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura, and Assam states of India, Sagaing Region and Chin State in Myanmar, and Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. It is mainly based on the Lusei dialect but it has also derived many words from its surrounding Mizo clans such as Hmar, Pawi, etc.

The language is also known as Duhlian and Lushai, a colonial term, as the Duhlian people were the first among the Mizo people to be encountered by the British in the course of their colonial expansion.
Scharfe Maxx
Der Scharfe Maxx is a Swiss hard cheese from the canton of Thurgau. It is a hard cows' milk cheese with a pungent taste that is made from thermized milk. The literal translation of "Der Scharfe Maxx" means "the sharp Maxx" or "the spicy Maxx". It is classified as a Swiss-type or Alpine cheese.

The cheese is produced in the Studer cheesery in Hatswil (Hefenhofen) in the canton of Thurgau close to the Lake Constance. The cheesery is run  by the Studer family in the third generation.

The Scharfe Maxx tastes similar to an Appenzeller, but is creamier and more piquant. Similar to other Appenzeller cheeses, the Scharfe Maxx is made with thermized milk.

Thurgau
Thurgau (/ˈtʊərɡaʊ/ TOOR-gow, Swiss Standard German: [ˈtuːrɡaʊ] ⓘ; French: Thurgovie; Italian: Turgovia; Romansh: Turgovia), anglicized as Thurgovia, and formally as the Canton of Thurgau, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of five districts. Its capital is Frauenfeld.

Thurgau is part of Eastern Switzerland. It is named after the river Thur, and the name Thurgovia was historically used for a larger area, including part of this river's basin upstream of the modern canton. The area of what is now Thurgau was acquired as subject territories by the cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy from the mid 15th century. Thurgau was first declared a canton in its own right at the formation of the Helvetic Republic in 1798.

The population, as of December 2020, is 282,909. In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 resident foreigners, constituting 19.9% of the population.
Arthur Moll
Arthur Moll (18 September 1921 – 1 December 2024) was a Swiss military officer. He served as the commander of the Swiss Air Force and Anti-Aircraft Troops from 1981 to 1983 and held the rank of Lieutenant general (Korpskommandant).

Military ranks of Switzerland
The ranks of the Swiss Armed Forces have changed little over the centuries, except for the introduction, in 2004, of a new set of senior NCO's known as warrant officers in international deployments. The ranks are worn on shoulder boards with the appropriate background colour. Designations are given in the four national languages (German, French, Italian and Romansh), with an English translation which is used during overseas missions.
Mark McHugh
Mark McHugh (born 22 August 1990) is an Irish Gaelic footballer and coach who plays for Cill Chartha and, formerly, for the Donegal county team. He is the brother of Ryan and the son of Martin.

He won one All-Ireland Senior Football Championship title (2012) and three Ulster Senior Football Championship titles (2011, 2012 and 2018) with his county.

2011 Ulster Senior Football Championship
The 2011 Ulster Senior Football Championship was the 123rd installment of the annual Ulster Senior Football Championship held under the auspices of the Ulster GAA. It was won by Donegal who defeated Derry in the final. It was their first Ulster title since 1992. The winning Donegal team received the Anglo-Celt Cup, and automatically advanced to the quarter-final stage of the 2011 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship.

Donegal's semi-final defeat of Tyrone and Derry's semi-final defeat of Armagh brought about the end of a period of dominance by these two counties. Armagh and Tyrone had shared the previous eleven Ulster senior titles between them in a run stretching back to 1999. It also brought the first trophy for Jim McGuinness's famed Donegal team, who would go on to consign the decade-long dominance of those two counties to history.
Muhammad Mahabat Khan III
Sir Muhammad Mahabat Khanji III Rasul Khanji, GCIE, KCSI (2 August 1898 – 17 November 1959) was the last ruling Nawab of Junagadh of the princely state of Junagadh in India from 1911 to 1948. He was the father of Muhammad Dilawar Khanji – former Governor of Sindh and his claimed successor. Famed for his extravagant lifestyle and his love of dogs, his decision to accede Junagadh to the Dominion of Pakistan following India's Independence led to the Indian Army taking military action. He is credited with pioneering a conservation effort in the Nawab of Junagarh's private hunting grounds, in what is now the Gir National Park, that saved India's last few lions from almost certain extinction.

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
Elslack
Elslack is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England, close to the border with Lancashire and 4.5 miles (7.2 km) west of Skipton. Thornton in Craven is nearby. The Tempest Arms is a large pub in the village, sited by the A56, which is popular with locals from the surrounding area. Elslack Moor, above the village, is crossed by the Pennine Way, though this does not visit the village itself. In 2015 it had a population of 100.

Skipton
Skipton (also known as Skipton-in-Craven) is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Historically in the East Division of Staincliffe Wapentake in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is on the River Aire and the Leeds and Liverpool Canal to the south of the Yorkshire Dales. It is situated 27 miles (43 km) north-west of Leeds and 38 miles (61 km) west of York. At the 2021 Census, the population was 15,042. The town has been listed as one of the best and happiest places to live in the UK.
Taxiles
Taxiles or Taxilas (Ancient Greek: Tαξίλης, Taxílēs or Ταξίλας, Taxílas; r. 326 – 316 BCE) was the Greek chroniclers' name for the ruler who reigned over the tract between the Indus and the Jhelum (Hydaspes) Rivers in the Punjab region at the time of Alexander the Great's expedition. His real name may have been Ambhi (Greek: Omphis), and the Greeks appear to have called him Taxiles or Taxilas, after the name of his capital city of Taxila, near the modern city of Attock, Pakistan.

Jhelum River
The Jhelum River is a major river in South Asia, flowing through India and Pakistan, and is the westernmost of the five major rivers of the Punjab region. It originates at Verinag in India-administered Jammu and Kashmir, flows into Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir, and then flows through the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is a tributary of the Chenab River and has a total length of about 725 kilometres (450 mi).
AOLpress
AOLpress is a discontinued HTML editor that was available from America Online (AOL). It was originally developed as NaviPress by the company NaviSoft before being bought by AOL. It was discontinued in 2000. However, the last version (2.0) may still be found on some Web sites for downloading.

AOLpress was rather strict about enforcing legal HTML: when saving edited pages that were created outside AOLpress, code that did not conform to the HTML 3.2 standard and specifications may have been changed to do so. Today, the HTML code used is very outdated and may not work correctly in modern browsers. Several features common in current browsers, such as png images, are not supported.

HTML editor
An HTML editor is a program used for editing HTML, the markup of a web page. Although the HTML markup in a web page can be controlled with any text editor, specialized HTML editors can offer convenience, added functionality, and organisation. For example, many HTML editors handle not only HTML, but also related technologies such as CSS, JavaScript, or ECMAScript.  In some cases, they also manage communication with remote web servers via FTP and WebDAV, and version control systems such as Subversion or Git. Many word processing, graphic design, and page layout programs that are not dedicated to web design, such as Microsoft Word or QuarkXPress, also have the ability to edit & export HTML documents.