hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dom Flemons
Dominique Flemons (born August 30, 1982) is an American old-time music, Piedmont blues, and neotraditional country multi-instrumentalist, singer, and songwriter. He is known as "The American Songster" as his repertoire of music spans nearly a century of American folklore, ballads, and tunes. He has performed with Mike Seeger, Joe Thompson, Martin Simpson, Boo Hanks, Taj Mahal, Old Crow Medicine Show, Guy Davis, and The Reverend Peyton's Big Damn Band.

A member of the Carolina Chocolate Drops from their inception in 2005 until 2013, Flemons has released five solo albums, with two albums being collaborations with other musicians. His 2018 album Black Cowboys was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Folk Album at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards, and for a Blues Music Award at the 40th Blues Music Award ceremony in the 'Acoustic Album' category. His 2023 album Traveling Wildfire was also nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Folk Album, at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards.

Mike Seeger
Mike Seeger (August 15, 1933 – August 7, 2009) was an American folk musician and folklorist. He was a distinctive singer and an accomplished musician who mainly played autoharp, banjo, fiddle, dulcimer, guitar, harmonica, mandolin, dobro, jaw harp, and pan pipes. Seeger, a half-brother of Pete Seeger, produced more than 30 documentary recordings, and performed in more than 40 other recordings. He desired to make known the caretakers of culture that inspired and taught him. He was posthumously inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame in 2018.
Nafees Ahmad
Nafees Ahmad is an Indian politician and a member of 17th Uttar Pradesh Assembly who belongs to Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh. He represents the Gopalpur constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Samajwadi Party.

17th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Seventeenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (Seventeenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 19 March 2017 as a result of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 2017 held from 11 February to 8 March 2017. The Legislative Assembly had total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member, Dr. Denzil J. Godin).

The term of the 17th assembly was from 19 March 2017 to 12 March 2022.
John Colin De Silva
Vice Admiral John Colin De Silva, PVSM, AVSM (18 September 1943 – 20 November 2019) was a flag officer in the Indian Navy. He last served as the Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (VCNS) from 2001 to 2002. He also served as the 11th Director General of the Indian Coast Guard, which he led from 1999 to 2001. He was the commissioning commanding officer of the Rajput-class guided-missile destroyer INS Ranvijay (D55). After retiring from the Navy, he served as Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Overseas Employment Agency, an agency set up by the Government of Goa.

Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM, lit. 'Very Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India given to recognize "distinguished service of an exceptional order" to all ranks of the armed forces. The award is a peacetime equivalent of Uttam Yuddh Seva Medal, which is a Wartime Distinguished Service decoration.

The award can also be granted posthumously. Subsequent awards are represented by a bar worn on the ribbon. The awardee can use "AVSM" as post-nominal letters.
Shedde
“Shedde”, (Azerbaijani: Şəddə) are Azerbaijani lint-free carpets part of the Karabakh group of the Karabakh type. These carpets were produced mainly in Nakhchivan, in Aghjabedi, Aghdam, Gubadly and Jabrayil districts of Azerbaijan.

Karabakh carpet
The Karabakh carpet (Armenian: Ղարաբաղի կարպետ, Azerbaijani: Qarabağ xalçası), or Artsakh carpet (Armenian: Արցախյան գորգ), is one of the varieties of carpets of Transcaucasia, made in the Karabakh region.
Ladies vs Gentlemen
Ladies vs Gentlemen is an Indian opinion based poll game show hosted by Bollywood actors Riteish Deshmukh and Genelia Deshmukh. It was originally launched on 18 November 2020. It is an original series of Flipkart Video that stands men and women against each other to guess the opinion of India. The first season concluded with 30 episodes and had featured celebrity guests Rithvik Dhanjani, Tejasswi Prakash, Karan Kundrra, Bani Judge, Rashami Desai, Nia Sharma, Paras Chhabra, and Karan Wahi. The second season of the show was recently premiered on 16 October 2021 on the Flipkart app.

Flipkart
Flipkart Inc. is an Indian e-commerce company, headquartered in Bengaluru, and incorporated in Singapore as a private limited company. The company initially focused on online book sales before expanding into other product categories such as consumer electronics, fashion, home essentials, groceries, and lifestyle products. In 2025, the company shifted domicile from Singapore to India.

The service competes primarily with Amazon India and domestic rival Snapdeal. As of FY23, Flipkart held a 48% market share in the Indian e-commerce industry. Flipkart has a dominant position in the apparel segment, bolstered by its acquisition of Myntra, and was described as being "neck and neck" with Amazon in the sale of electronics and mobile phones.
Sourdough Inn
The Sourdough Inn, at First and Sled Streets in Fort Yukon, Alaska, was built in 1926, by moving a disused Army building from Fort Egbert near Eagle, Alaska. It was then modified and opened as a hotel. It has also been known as the New Sourdough Hotel and has served as a restaurant, a hotel, a post office and, briefly in the 1940s, as a school.

The Sourdough Inn was a three-story gable-roofed building approximately 24-by-48-foot (7.3 m × 14.6 m) in size, with a two-story addition in the back.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. Following its NRHP listing, it was the only frame building and the only hotel in the community of Fort Yukon.

The building no longer stands at its original location, which was in an area subjected to heavy floods. It is unclear whether it was destroyed or relocated elsewhere in Fort Yukon.

Fort Yukon, Alaska
Fort Yukon (Gwichyaa Zheh in Gwichʼin) is a village in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska, straddling the Arctic Circle. The population, predominantly Gwichʼin Alaska Natives, was 428 at the 2020 census, down from 595 in 2000.

Fort Yukon was the hometown of the late Alaska Congressman Don Young. Served by Fort Yukon Airport, it is also known for having the record highest temperature in Alaska.
Melt and pour
Melt and Pour soap crafting is a process often used by soapmakers, both for large scale (commercial) and small scale (domestic, artisanal) manufacture. Small scale artisan soap makers find "melt and pour" production useful when trying out new product lines. The process differs from the cold process or hot process in utilising a pre-manufactured solid soap base which has already undergone saponification, so the soap maker does not need to handle caustic alkali, i.e. lye.

Soap
Soap is a salt of a fatty acid (sometimes other carboxylic acids) used for cleaning and lubricating products as well as other applications. In a domestic setting, soaps, specifically "toilet soaps", are surfactants usually used for washing, bathing, and other types of housekeeping. In industrial settings, soaps are used as thickeners, components of some lubricants, emulsifiers, and catalysts.

Soaps are often produced by mixing fats and oils with a base. Humans have used soap for millennia; evidence exists for the production of soap-like materials in ancient Babylon around 2800 BC.
Disease in ornamental fish
Ornamental fish kept in aquariums are susceptible to numerous diseases. Due to their generally small size and the low cost of replacing diseased or dead fish, the cost of testing and treating diseases is often seen as more trouble than the value of the fish.

Due to the artificially limited volume of water and high concentration of fish in most aquarium tanks, communicable diseases often affect most or all fish in a tank.  An improper nitrogen cycle, inappropriate aquarium plants and potentially harmful freshwater invertebrates can directly harm or add to the stresses on ornamental fish in a tank.  Despite this, many diseases in captive fish can be avoided or prevented through proper water conditions and a well-adjusted ecosystem within the tank.

Fish diseases and parasites
Like humans and other animals, fish suffer from diseases and parasites. Fish defences against disease are specific and non-specific. Non-specific defences include skin and scales, as well as the mucus layer secreted by the epidermis that traps microorganisms and inhibits their growth. If pathogens breach these defences, fish can develop inflammatory responses that increase the flow of blood to infected areas and deliver white blood cells that attempt to destroy the pathogens.

Specific defences are specialised responses to particular pathogens recognised by the fish's body, that is adaptative immune responses. In recent years, vaccines have become widely used in aquaculture and ornamental fish, for example vaccines for commercial food fishes like Aeromonas salmonicida, furunculosis in salmon and Lactococcosis\Streptococcosis  in farmed grey mullet, Tilapia and koi herpes virus in koi.

Some commercially important fish diseases are VHS, ICH, and whirling disease.
Limann government
This is a listing of the ministers who served in Limann's People's National Party government during the Third Republic of Ghana. The Third Republic was inaugurated on 24 September 1979. It ended with the coup on 31 December 1981, which brought the Provisional National Defence Council of Jerry Rawlings to power.

People's National Party (Ghana)
The People's National Party (PNP) was the ruling party in Ghana during the Third Republic (1979–1981). It was disbanded following the 1981 Ghanaian coup d'état.

All political parties in Ghana were disbanded following the January 1972 military coup led by Col. Ignatius Kutu Acheampong. When political activities resumed in 1979, there were five parties contesting the elections. The PNP claimed to represent the Nkrumah heritage.

In elections held on 18 June 1979, PNP presidential candidate Hilla Limann won 35.3% of the vote and the party won 71 of 140 seats in the National Assembly. Limann won 62% of the vote in a 9 July run-off against Victor Owusu of the Popular Front Party (PFP). He took office as President of Ghana on 24 September 1979.
Taliworks
Taliworks Corporation Berhad (MYX: 8524) is a Malaysian public utilities conglomerate. It is a member of LGB Group. Taliworks Corporation is involved in water treatment, waste management, highway concession and construction. Taliworks holds a 21-year concession rights for the operation and management of the Tianjin Panlou Life Waste Transfer Station, in Tianjin, China. Taliworks' research and technology arm has a production facility that produces CK21 bacteria, which is used for water and wastewater sludge treatment in China. The company is listed on Bursa Malaysia (MYX: 8524). The company has also purchased a controlling stake in highway operator Grand Saga Sdn Bhd for 107.8 million ringgit, or roughly 31 million USD.

Bursa Malaysia
Bursa Malaysia (MYX or MSX; lit. 'Malaysian Bourse'  or 'Malaysia Exchange') is the stock exchange in Malaysia. It is one of the largest bourses in ASEAN. It is based in Kuala Lumpur and was previously known as the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). It provides full integration of transactions, offering a wide range of currency exchange and related services, including trading, settlement, clearing and savings services.

Along with the Securities Commission of Malaysia, the stock exchange regulates the capital market in Malaysia and, through its facilities, upholds the duty to manage and maintain order in the trading of stocks, bonds and derivatives.
David Walters
David Lee Walters (born November 20, 1951) is an American businessman and politician who served as the 24th governor of Oklahoma from 1991 to 1995.

Born in Canute, Oklahoma, Walters was  a project manager for Governor David Boren and the youngest executive officer working for the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center. He also worked in commercial real estate. As governor, he increased education funding, but his term was marred by controversies that ended with him pleading guilty to a misdemeanor election violation. He did not seek re-election and was defeated in a 2002 campaign for the United States Senate. He is the CEO of Walters Power International, a global provider of local power.

David Boren
David Lyle Boren (April 21, 1941 – February 20, 2025) was an American lawyer and politician from Oklahoma. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the 21st governor of Oklahoma from 1975 to 1979 and three terms in the United States Senate from 1979 to 1994. A conservative Democrat, to date, he is the last in his party to have served as U.S. Senator from Oklahoma. He was the 13th and second-longest serving president of the University of Oklahoma from 1994 to 2018. He was the longest serving chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. On September 20, 2017, Boren officially announced his retirement as president of the University of Oklahoma, effective June 30, 2018.
Adiato Djaló Nandigna
Adiato Djaló Nandigna (born 6 November 1958) is a Bissau-Guinean politician and a former acting Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau. Her government was overthrown in the 2012 Guinea-Bissau coup d'état, and she was arrested by the security services in 2013. She later returned as the Minister of Defence in the 2015 cabinet of Prime Minister Carlos Correia.

Carlos Correia
Carlos Correia (6 November 1933 – 14 August 2021) was a Bissau-Guinean politician who was Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau from 17 September 2015 to 12 May 2016. Previously he was Prime Minister from 27 December 1991 to 26 October 1994, from 6 June 1997 to 3 December 1998, and from 5 August 2008 to 25 December 2008.
1997 Men's World Open Squash Championship
The 1997 PSA Men's ASCM-Sharp World Open Squash Championship is the men's edition of the 1997 World Open, which serves as the individual world championship for squash players. The event took place in Petaling Jaya in Malaysia from 4 November to 9 November 1997. Rodney Eyles won his first World Open title, defeating Peter Nicol in the final.

World Squash Championships
The World Squash Championships are squash events, which since the early 1990s have been held annually for both men and women organised by the Professional Squash Association. The men's event was first held in 1976 in London, England and the women's was inaugurated in 1976 in Brisbane, Australia.
Elbing, Kansas
Elbing is a city in Butler County, Kansas, United States.  It is named after the city Elbląg (German: Elbing) in northern Poland, formerly Prussia. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 226. It is located about 10.7 miles east of Interstate 135 in Newton, along the Union Pacific Railroad.

Newton, Kansas
Newton is a city in and the county seat of Harvey County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 18,602.  Newton is located 25 miles (40 km) north of Wichita.  The city of North Newton. located immediately north, exists as a separate political entity.  Newton is located at the intersection of Interstate 135, U.S. Route 50, and U.S. Route 81 highways.
Johann Juncker
Johann Juncker (23 December 1679 in Londorf, Hesse – 25 October 1759 in Halle, Kingdom of Prussia) was a German physician and chemist.
Juncker was a leader in the Pietist reform movement as it applied to medicine. He directed the Francke Foundations and initiated approaches to medical practice, charitable treatment, and education at the University of Halle that influenced others internationally.  He was a staunch proponent of Georg Ernst Stahl and helped to more clearly present Stahl's phlogiston theory of combustion.

Georg Ernst Stahl
Georg Ernst Stahl (22 October 1659 – 24 May 1734) was a German chemist, physician and philosopher. He was a supporter of vitalism, and until the late 18th century his works on phlogiston were accepted as an explanation for chemical processes.

Raised as a son to a Lutheran pastor, he was brought up in a very pious and religious household. From an early age he expressed profound interest in chemistry, by age 15 mastering a set of university lecture notes on chemistry and eventually a difficult treatise by Johann Kunckel.  He had two wives, who both died from puerperal fever in 1696 and 1706. He also had a son Johnathan and a daughter who died in 1708. He continued to work and publish following the death of both of his wives and eventually his children, but was often very cold to students and fell into deep depression until his death in 1734 at the age of 74.
Nemesis 3: The Eve of Destruction
Nemesis 3: The Eve of Destruction (ゴーファーの野望(やぼう)エピソードII, Gōfā no Yabō Episōdo Tsū, Gofer's Ambition Episode II) is a 1988 computer game, developed and published by Konami exclusively for the MSX platform in 1988. It was only released in Japan and Europe. The game is part of the long running Gradius series of side-scrolling shooters and is a spin-off of Gradius II: Gofer no Yabou. It is the second game of the series to be released exclusively for the MSX after Nemesis 2. In terms of the story; the game is a sequel to Gradius II, Nemesis 2, and the MSX conversion of Salamander. The game takes place almost 200 years after the crisis with Dr. Venom and James Burton has died in the year 6718. The Vic Viper is replaced by a new ship called the Vixen (4 classes); piloted by David Burton, a direct descendant of James who is assisted by his AI Gaudie.

Gradius II
Gradius II, retitled Vulcan Venture in North American arcades, is a 1988 horizontally scrolling shooter video game developed and published by Konami. It is the sequel to Gradius and was succeeded by Gradius III. Initially released in  arcades, ports of Gradius II were released for the Family Computer (under the shortened title of Gradius II), PC Engine Super CD-ROM², and the X68000 in Japan. The original arcade version is also included in the Gradius Deluxe Pack compilation for the PlayStation and Sega Saturn and in Gradius Collection for the PlayStation Portable.
Brodmann area 21
Brodmann area 21, or BA21, is part of the temporal cortex in the human brain. The region encompasses most of the lateral temporal cortex and is also known as middle temporal area 21. In the human it corresponds approximately to the middle temporal gyrus.

Temporal lobe
The temporal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. The temporal lobe is located beneath the lateral fissure on both cerebral hemispheres of the mammalian brain.

The temporal lobe is involved in processing sensory input into derived meanings for the appropriate retention of visual memory, language comprehension, and emotion association.: 21 
Temporal refers to the head's temples.
Kingdom of Pong
The Kingdom of Pong, or Pong Kingdom, was a legendary Shan kingdom mentioned in Manipuri histories. When references to the kingdom were first discovered by Western historians, some scholars believed it was a powerful ancient Shan kingdom, previously unknown to the world. However, many modern scholars believe that it was never a separate kingdom and was simply a generic term for the regions inhabited by Shan people, which was later confounded with the Shan histories of Möng Mao and Möng Kawng.

It was bounded on the north by the mountain ranges that divide present-day Myanmar and Assam State, in the south by Khambat, reaching to Yunnan in the east and the Chin Hills in the west. Its capital was Mogaung, known by the Shan people as Möng Kawng.

Möng Kawng
Möng Kawng (Shan: မိူင်းၵွင်း; Tai Nüa: ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥐᥩᥒᥰ; Burmese: မိုးကောင်း; Chinese: 孟拱), also known as Mogaung, was a Shan state in what is today Burma. It was an outlying territory, located away from the main Shan State area in present-day Kachin State. For much of their histories, Möng Yang and Möng Kawng were closely linked and could often be considered the same state, only being regarded as separate when paying tribute to a dominant external power.
Arun Vishnu
Arun Vishnu (born 2 August 1988) is a former Indian badminton player, from Calicut, Kerala, who represented India in several international tournaments. He  partnered with Aparna Balan and Alwin Francis in mixed doubles category and men's doubles category respectively. His career best world ranking was 37 and 41 in men's doubles and mixed doubles category respectively. Since 2016 he is coach of Indian National Badminton Team.

Aparna Balan
Aparna Balan (born 9 August 1986) is an Indian badminton player from Kozhikode, Kerala. She was part of the national team that won the silver medal in 2010 Commonwealth Games, also gold medals in 2004, 2006 and 2010 South Asian Games. She is 6 times National Champion in mixed doubles and 3 times National Champion in women's doubles. She represented India in many international badminton tournaments.
Stoney Edwards
Stoney Edwards was an American country singer. He was one of the first African-American singers to have a significant presence in country music. He is best known for the song, "She's My Rock," a Top 20 country hit that was later a hit song for Brenda Lee and then for George Jones.

George Jones
George Glenn Jones (September 12, 1931 – April 26, 2013) was an American country musician, singer, and songwriter. He achieved international fame for a long list of hit records, and is well known for his distinctive voice and phrasing. For the last two decades of his life, Jones is frequently referred to as "the greatest country singer", "The Rolls-Royce of Country Music", and had more than 160 chart singles to his name from 1955 until his death in 2013.

Jones served in the United States Marine Corps and was discharged in 1953. In 1959, Jones recorded "White Lightning", written by The Big Bopper, which launched his career as a singer. Years of alcoholism severely compromised his health and led to his missing many performances, earning him the nickname "No Show Jones". Jones died in 2013, aged 81, from hypoxic respiratory failure.
Labor Daily
The Labor Daily was a Sydney-based journal/newspaper of the early to mid 20th century. An organ of the Australian Labor Party, it was published in Sydney by Stanley Roy Wasson after the ailing Daily Mail was absorbed by Labor Papers Ltd, who began publication under that name on 6 January 1922 with the strong support of Albert Willis and the Miners' Federation. Willis was managing director 1926–1931 and chairman 1924–1930 and one of the most powerful political figures in the state. After a few weeks the paper's name was changed to the Labor Daily and was a supporter of Lang Labor.

In 1929 receivers sold Beckett's Budget to Labor Daily Ltd. The paper also became the major sponsor of the New South Wales Rugby Football League premiership from 1934, with the winners of the competition from 1934 to 1950 being awarded the Labour Daily Cup. From 1 December 1938 the Labor Daily became the Daily News which lasted until 1941 when it was taken over by The Daily Telegraph in 1950

The Daily Telegraph (Sydney)
The Daily Telegraph, nicknamed The Tele, is an Australian tabloid newspaper published by Nationwide News Pty Limited (NWN), a subsidiary of News Corp Australia, itself a subsidiary of News Corp. It is published Monday through Saturday and is available throughout Sydney, across most of regional and remote New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory and South East Queensland.

A 2013 poll conducted by Essential Research found that the Telegraph was Australia's least-trusted major newspaper, with 49% of respondents citing "a lot of" or "some" trust in the paper. Amongst those ranked by Nielsen, the Telegraph's website is the sixth most popular Australian news website with a unique monthly audience of 2,841,381 readers.