hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sylvania Mountains
The Sylvania Mountains are located in Inyo County, California, and Esmeralda County, Nevada, in the United States. The range trends in an east–west direction, north of the Last Chance Range at the northern end of Death Valley National Park.

The Last Chance Range and Death Valley are to the south, Slate Ridge is to the southeast, and the Palmetto Mountains are adjacent to the east.

Last Chance Range
The Last Chance Range of California is located near the Nevada state line in eastern Inyo County in the United States.

The range lies in a generally north–south direction, and stretches for more than 30 miles. The mountains lie to the northwest of the Cottonwood Mountains, and are almost entirely within Death Valley National Park, except for a small area near the Sulphur Mine in the north. The range reaches an elevation of 8,674 feet above sea level at Dry Mountain in the southern part of the range.

The Racetrack Playa is to the southwest.
Stephen W. Scherer
Stephen Wayne "Steve" Scherer (born January 5, 1964) is a Canadian scientist who currently serves as the Chief of Research at The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) and distinguished University Professor at the University of Toronto. He obtained his PhD at the University of Toronto under Professor Lap-chee Tsui. Together they founded the Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG). He is a Senior Fellow of Massey College at the University of Toronto. In 2014, he was named an esteemed Clarivate (previously Thomson Reuters) Citation laureate in Physiology or Medicine for the “Discovery of large-scale gene copy number variation and its association with specific diseases.”

Lap-Chee Tsui
Lap-Chee Tsui GBM OC OOnt JP FRS FRSC (Chinese: 徐立之; pinyin: Xú Lìzhī; Jyutping: ceoi4 laap6 zi1; born 21 December 1950) is a Chinese-born Canadian geneticist and served as the 14th Vice-Chancellor and President of the University of Hong Kong.
Munna Shukla
Munna Shukla (7 December 1943- 11 January 2022) was a Kathak guru and choreographer of Lucknow Gharana based in New Delhi, India. Born to a family who has been involved in dance for generations, Munna Shukla specialized in Kathak, a classical dance form of North India. He was a grandson of the noted Kathak Maestro, Late Achhan Maharaj, and a nephew of Birju Maharaj.

In 2006, he was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, the highest award for performing artists, conferred by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama.

Birju Maharaj
Birju Maharaj (born Brijmohan Nath Mishra; 4 February 1938 – 17 January 2022) was an Indian dancer, composer, singer, and exponent of the Lucknow "Kalka-Bindadin" Gharana of Kathak dance in India. He was a descendant of the Maharaj family of Kathak dancers, which includes his two uncles, Shambhu Maharaj and Lachhu Maharaj, and his father and guru, Acchan Maharaj. He also practised Hindustani classical music and was a vocalist. After working along with his uncle, Shambhu Maharaj at Bhartiya Kala Kendra, later the Kathak Kendra, New Delhi, he remained head of the latter, for several years, until his retirement in 1998 when he opened his own dance school, Kalashram, also in Delhi.

Birju Maharaj was a recipient of the Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian honour, in 1986.
Maenggol Channel
The Maenggol Channel (Korean: 맹골수도; RR: maenggolsudo) or Maenggol Sudo or Maenggol Waterway is a sea channel named after the Maenggol Island south-west of the Korean Peninsula. Stretching 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) wide between the Geocha Archipelago and the Maenggol Archipelago and running south-east for 6 kilometres (3.7 mi), the channel has provided a shortcut for ships that try to save fuel and time.

The Maenggol Channel has one of the most rapid and unpredictable currents in the Korean Peninsula due to tidal shifts. A 2012 study estimating the prospective tidal current energy resources off the south and west coasts of Korea ranked Maenggol Channel second in South Jeolla Province only surpassed by Myeongnyang Strait that already features the Uldolmok Tidal Power Station.

In April 2014, the passenger ferry MV Sewol capsized in the Maenggol Channel north of the island Byeongpungdo, and sank off the coast of Donggeochado.

Geochagundo
Geochagundo (Korean: 거차군도) is an archipelago in the Yellow Sea, located about 30 km (19 mi) south-west of Jindo, in the administrative divisions of Donggeochado-ri and Seogeochado-ri, Jodo-myeon, Jindo County, South Jeolla Province.

Geochagundo consists of the islands Donggeochado (동거차도), Mangdo (망도), Bukdo (북도), Sangsongdo (상송도), Hasongdo (하송도), Songdo (송도), Seogeochado (서거차도), Sangjukdo (상죽도, 웃대섬), Hajukdo (하죽도, 아랫대섬), Hangdo (항도).

On 16 April 2014, the passenger ferry MV Sewol capsized north of the nearby island Byeongpungdo, drifted north while taking in water, and sank off the coast of Donggeochado.

Geography portal

South Korea portal
Sasaram Junction railway station
Sasaram Junction railway station is on the Gaya–Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction section of the Grand Chord line in India. It serves Sasaram and the surrounding areas in Rohtas district in the Indian state of Bihar. Sasaram is well connected to Delhi and Kolkata. It is also connected to Patna via Ara railway station.

This place was also known for preparation of competitive exams at Sasaram Railway junction. According to earlier natives of this city, there was not proper electrification of city around 2007–2008 which hampered the studies of students seeking for competitive exams. Still Indian Railways had 24 hours power supply at Sasaram Junction. This led a small group of students to study there at night under electric lights. However, the authorities have now banned study groups citing safety concerns.

Gaya–Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction section
The Gaya–Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction section, formerly Gaya–Mughalsarai section , is a railway line connecting Gaya Junction and Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction. This 197-kilometre (122 mi) track is part of the Grand Chord, Howrah–Gaya–Delhi line and Howrah–Prayagraj–Mumbai line. This section includes Arrah-Sasaram and Son Nagar branch lines. It is under the jurisdiction of East Central Railway.
Phantoms (Marianas Trench album)
Phantoms is the fifth studio album released by Canadian rock band Marianas Trench. It was released on March 1, 2019, through 604 Records in Canada and Interscope Records internationally. The album saw another new style for the band, going for a more haunted and ghostly like sound as opposed to the more fantastical sound on their previous work, Astoria, which is where the title of Phantoms comes from.

Astoria (Marianas Trench album)
Astoria is the fourth studio album recorded by Canadian rock band Marianas Trench. It was released on October 23, 2015, through 604 Records (in Canada) and Cherrytree Records and Interscope Records (internationally). The album represents the band's official return to the music scene after promotion of their previous album, Ever After (2011), ended in 2013, and was preceded by the retrospective EP, Something Old / Something New earlier in 2015.
Diastrophus potentillae
Diastrophus potentillae, also known as the cinquefoil bud gall wasp, is a species of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae. It is found in eastern North America. It makes galls on the stems of Potentilla canadensis and P. simplex.

Gall wasp
Gall wasps, also traditionally called gallflies, or cynipids, are hymenopterans of the family Cynipidae in the wasp superfamily Cynipoidea. Their common name comes from the galls they induce on plants for larval development. About 1,300 species of cynipids are known worldwide, with about 360 species of 36 different genera in Europe and some 800 species in North America. Diplolepididae were traditionally included within the Cynipidae but have since been designated as their own family after some more recent phylogenetic studies.
A Home on the Range
A Home on the Range: The Jewish Chicken Ranchers of Petaluma is a 2002 documentary by Bonnie Burt and Judith Montell about a group of Jews who fled pogroms in Eastern Europe and into prejudice in America. The group then organized a socialist society in the rural Northern California town of Petaluma and raised chickens to support themselves.

Petaluma, California
Petaluma is a city in Sonoma County, California, United States, located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. Its population was 59,776 according to the 2020 census.

Petaluma's name comes from the Miwok village named Péta Lúuma that was located on the banks of the Petaluma River.  The modern city originates in Rancho Petaluma, granted in 1834 to famed Californio statesman Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, considered to be the founder of Petaluma. Today, Petaluma is known for its well-preserved historic center and as a local hub for the Petaluma Valley region of Sonoma County.
The Root of All Evil?
The Root of All Evil?, later retitled The God Delusion, is a television documentary written and presented by Richard Dawkins in which he argues that humanity would be better off without religion or belief in God.

The documentary was first broadcast in January 2006, in the form of two 45-minute episodes (excluding advertisement breaks), on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom. Dawkins did not think The Root of All Evil? was an ideal title. His book The God Delusion, published in September 2006, explores topics from the documentary in more detail.

The God Delusion
The God Delusion is a 2006 book by British evolutionary biologist and ethologist Richard Dawkins, in which he argues that a supernatural creator, God, does not exist, and that belief in a personal god qualifies as a delusion, which he defines as a persistent false belief held in the face of strong contradictory evidence. In the book, he expresses his agreement to Robert Pirsig's statement in Lila (1991) that "when one person suffers from a delusion it is called insanity. When many people suffer from a delusion it is called religion." He argues in favour of the possibility of morality existing independently of religion and proposes alternative explanations for the origins of both religion and morality.

In early December 2006, it reached number four in the New York Times Hardcover Non-Fiction Best Seller list after nine weeks on the list. The book has attracted widespread commentary and critical reception, with many works written in response.
Iowa Highway 7 (1957–1968)
Iowa Highway 7 (Iowa 7) was a state highway that existed from 1957 to 1968.  It began at the interchange between Interstate 29 (I-29), U.S. Highway 20, and U.S. Highway 77 (US 20 and US 77) in Sioux City and traveled north to end at Iowa 3 west of Le Mars. The route of Iowa 7 was an original primary road in 1920, but then it was known as Primary Road No. 29 (No. 29) and later Iowa 29.  When I-29 was designated to come through Iowa in the 1950s, Iowa 29 was renumbered Iowa 7.  Through Sioux City, the highway was well traveled, especially near I-29 and the downtown area; the inverse was true at the rural northern end.  Subsequently, Iowa 7 was removed from the primary highway system in 1968.

U.S. Route 20 in Iowa
U.S. Highway 20 (US 20) in Iowa is a major east–west artery which runs across the state, separating the northern third of Iowa from the southern two-thirds. It enters Iowa from Nebraska, concurrent with Interstate 129 (I-129) and US 75, crossing the Missouri River at Sioux City. US 20 runs in a more-or-less straight line across Iowa, paralleling 42° 27' N. It leaves Iowa in Dubuque by crossing the Mississippi River into Illinois. Since October 2018, US 20 is a four-lane divided highway for its entire length in Iowa.
Slow-scan television
Slow-scan television (SSTV) is a picture transmission method, used mainly by amateur radio operators, to transmit and receive static pictures via radio in monochrome or color.

A literal term for SSTV is narrowband television. Analog broadcast television requires at least 6 MHz wide channels, because it transmits 25 or 30 picture frames per second (see ITU analog broadcast standards), but SSTV usually only takes up to a maximum of 3 kHz of bandwidth. It is a much slower method of still picture transmission, usually taking from about eight seconds to a couple of minutes, depending on the mode used, to transmit one image frame.

Since SSTV systems operate on voice frequencies, amateurs use it on shortwave (also known as HF by amateur radio operators), VHF and UHF radio.

Amateur radio operator
An amateur radio operator is someone who uses equipment at an amateur radio station to engage in two-way personal communications with other amateur operators on radio frequencies assigned to the amateur radio service. Amateur radio operators have been granted an amateur radio license by a governmental regulatory authority after passing an examination on applicable regulations, electronics, radio theory, and radio operation. As a component of their license, amateur radio operators are assigned a call sign that they use to identify themselves during communication. About three million amateur radio operators are currently active worldwide.

Amateur radio operators are also known as radio amateurs or hams. The term "ham" as a nickname for amateur radio operators originated in a pejorative usage (like "ham actor") by operators in commercial and professional radio communities, and dates to wired telegraphy. The word was, in the 1920s, adopted by amateur radio operators.
Cyanicula
Cyanicula, commonly known as blue orchids, is a genus of twelve species of plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. All are endemic to Australia, eleven are endemic to Western Australia and one species occurs in eastern Australia. While both the common and scientific names refer to "blue", the two subspecies of C. ixioides have yellow or white flowers. They are similar to orchids in the genus Caladenia but differ in their flowers colour and in other important ways.

Cyanicula ixioides
Cyanicula ixioides, commonly known as the white china orchid, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single, broad, flattened leaf and up to three yellow or white flowers. It mostly only occurs in woodlands and forest near Perth.
Joy Hofmeister
Joy Lynn Hofmeister (née Janosky, born September 7, 1964) is an American politician and educator who served as the 13th Oklahoma Superintendent of Public Instruction from 2015 to 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, Hofmeister was initially elected as a Republican, but switched parties in 2021. As of 2025, she is the last Democrat to have held statewide office in Oklahoma.

On October 7, 2021, Hofmeister switched parties to run for the Democratic nomination in Oklahoma's 2022 gubernatorial election. She won the Democratic nomination and lost the general election to incumbent Kevin Stitt.

Oklahoma Superintendent of Public Instruction
The Oklahoma State Superintendent of Public Instruction, sometimes called the Oklahoma State School Superintendent, is the chief executive officer for the Oklahoma State Department of Education and the president of the Oklahoma State Board of Education. The State Superintendent of Public Instruction is responsible for overseeing, implementing and reviewing the policies of the Oklahoma's public school system.

The Oklahoma Superintendent of Public Instruction is Lindel Fields.
Caccothryptus tardarsauceae
Caccothryptus tardarsauceae is a species of minute marsh-loving beetle in the subfamily Limnichinae. The species was described alongside five other Caccothryptus species by Natural History Museum entomologist Keita Matsumoto in 2021, using a male specimen gathered in 1953 by Harry George Champion in Haldwani, India. One of Champion's specimens was distinguished from its initial classification of C. ripicola due to distinct genital structures. The species was named for Tardar Sauce, also known as Grumpy Cat, a pet cat which had become an internet celebrity prior to her death in 2019.

Limnichidae
Limnichidae, commonly called minute marsh-loving beetles, is a family of beetles belonging to Byrrhoidea. There are at least 30 genera and 350 described species in Limnichidae. They are found worldwide, with the greatest diversity in tropical regions. Most species seem to be associated with water-adjacent habitats, such as riparian and coastal locations, though many species are likely fully terrestrial, with some species being associated with leaf litter and arboreal habitats. Species with known diets feed on moss or algae. The oldest fossils of the family are known from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber from Myanmar.
Jackson Martínez
Jackson Arley Martínez Valencia (locally [ˈɟʝaksom maɾˈtines]; born 3 October 1986) is a Colombian former professional footballer who played as a striker.

He started his career with Independiente Medellin in 2004 and becoming the league's top scorer in 2009, before being signed by Chiapas in January 2010. He spent three years with the Mexican side before moving to Portugal to play for Porto, where he was the Primeira Liga's top scorer in all three of his seasons with the club. In July 2015, Martínez joined Atlético Madrid for €35 million, and six months later Guangzhou Evergrande of China for €42 million. He  suffered an ankle injury in late 2016 that ruled him out for two years, before ending his career back in Portugal with Portimonense in 2020.

Martínez represented Colombia 40 times between 2009 and 2015, scoring nine goals for the country. He played for them at the Copa América in 2011 and 2015, as well as the 2014 FIFA World Cup, where he scored two goals against Japan.

Bola de Prata (Portugal)
The Bola de Prata (Portuguese for Silver Ball) is a Primeira Liga award for the top scorer. In case two or more players have the same number of goals, the award goes to the footballer with the fewest games played. It was first awarded as a prize in the 1952–53 season by sports newspaper A Bola.

Héctor Yazalde holds the record for most goals in a single season, with 46, achieved in the 1973–74 season. Fernando Peyroteo recorded the highest goals-to-games ratio to win the award, 2.43, in 1937–38.

There have been 56 winners. Nineteen players have won the award in more than one occasion, with Eusébio having the record with seven wins. Eusébio also holds the record for most consecutive wins, with five. Rui Jordão, Paulinho Cascavel, Mário Jardel and Mehdi Taremi are the only players to win the award with two clubs.
Dewas State
Dewas State was a territory within Central India, which was the seat of two Maratha princely states during the British Raj.
After the Maratha conquest of Central India, Dewas was divided into two states - Dewas Junior ruled by Jivaji Rao ('Dada Saheb') Puar and Dewas Senior ruled by Tukoji Rao ('Baba Saheb') Puar. On 12 December 1818, the 2 Dewas States became British protectorates.

Dewas Junior
Dewas Junior was established by Jivaji Rao I Puar in 1728 during the Maratha conquest of Central India. It was a 15-gun salute Maratha princely state.
On 12 December 1818, it became a British protectorate.
249th Airlift Squadron
The 249th Airlift Squadron is an inactive unit of the Alaska Air National Guard, formerly located at Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson, Alaska and assigned to the 176th Wing. The 249th was an associate unit of the 517th Airlift Squadron, which was equipped with the Boeing C-17 Globemaster III.

517th Airlift Squadron
The 517th Airlift Squadron is an active unit of the United States Air Force, Pacific Air Forces 3rd Wing at Joint Base Elmendorf–Richardson, Alaska.  It operates Beechcraft C-12 Huron and Boeing C-17 Globemaster III aircraft providing airlift in the Pacific theater.
Social localisation
Social localisation (or localization)
(from Latin locus (place) and the English term locale, "a place where something happens or is set") is, like language localization the second phase of a larger process of product and service translation and cultural adaptation (for specific countries, regions or groups) to account for differences in distinct markets and societies, a process known as internationalization and localization.

Internationalization and localization
In computing, internationalization and localization (American) or internationalisation and localisation (Commonwealth), often abbreviated i18n and l10n respectively, are means of adapting to different languages, regional peculiarities and technical requirements of a target locale.

Internationalization is the process of designing a software application so that it can be adapted to various languages and regions without engineering changes. Localization is the process of adapting internationalized software for a specific region or language by translating text and adding locale-specific components.

Localization (which is potentially performed multiple times, for different locales) uses the infrastructure or flexibility provided by internationalization (which is ideally performed only once before localization, or as an integral part of ongoing development).
2005 Nextel All-Star Challenge
The 2005 Nextel All-Star Challenge was the second exhibition stock car race of the 2005 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series season and the 21st iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, May 21, 2005, in Concord, North Carolina at Lowe's Motor Speedway, a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) permanent quad-oval. The race took the scheduled 90 laps to complete. At race's end, Mark Martin of Roush Racing would hold off the field in the final segment to win the million dollar prize and his second Nextel All-Star Challenge win.

NASCAR All-Star Race
The NASCAR All-Star race is a non-championship, all-star race held annually since 1985. For a majority of the history of the all-star race, the race was held at Charlotte Motor Speedway, but has been changing venues since 2020. The 2026 race will be held at Dover Motor Speedway in Dover, Delaware for the first time in the history of the race.
Ohio State Route 257
State Route 257 (SR 257, OH 257) is a 26.19-mile (42.15 km) north - south state highway in the central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. The highway's southern terminus is in the northwestern Columbus suburb of Dublin at a roundabout intersection with U.S. Route 33 (US 33) and SR 161. This mainly two-lane highway follows the eastern side of the Scioto River from Dublin to its junction with US 42. After crossing over the river with the U.S. highway, SR 257 parallels the river's western bank. SR 257 has its northern terminus at a T-intersection with SR 47 on the western village limits of Prospect. SR 257 was created in 1926, and extended in 1935 and 1937.

U.S. Route 42
U.S. Route 42 (US 42) is an east–west United States highway that runs southwest–northeast for 350 miles (560 km) from Louisville, Kentucky to Cleveland, Ohio.  The route has several names including Pearl Road from Cleveland to Medina in Northeast Ohio, Reading Road in Cincinnati, Cincinnati and Lebanon Pike in southwestern Ohio and Brownsboro Road in Louisville. Traveling northeast, the highway ends in downtown Cleveland and traveling southwest ends in Louisville.

Interstate 71 (I-71) fully supplanted US 42 as an interurban highway in the early 1960s, relegating US 42 to its current role as an ordinary town-to-town surface road. Additionally, I-71 passes through Columbus, whereas US 42 bypasses Columbus. It remains intact as a route; no part of it has ever been diverted to any Interstate highway. It is not the "parent" of any US route with a related number.

In spite of its even number, US 42 is posted north–south in Ohio.