hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark C. Alexander
Mark C. Alexander is an American attorney, law professor, and educator who is the dean of the Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law. He was previously an associate dean for academics and law professor at Seton Hall University in New Jersey, as well as a political activist and campaign specialist.

Beginning in January 2007, Alexander served as a senior advisor to Barack Obama's presidential campaign. Early on, Alexander served as policy director, building Obama's network of policy experts and providing overall strategic guidance. As New Jersey state director in the primaries, Alexander ran all campaign operations in his home state. After the election, he served on the presidential transition team.

Villanova University School of Law
The Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law (known as Villanova Law) is the law school of Villanova University, a private Roman Catholic research university in Villanova, Pennsylvania. It was opened in 1953 and is approved by the American Bar Association (ABA) and a member of the Association of American Law Schools (AALS). Approximately 720 students study full-time in the J.D. program which offers more than 100 offerings including foundation courses, specialty offerings, drafting courses, clinical experiences, seminars, simulation courses and externships.
Fresenius
Fresenius is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Remigius Fresenius (1818–1897), German chemist

Christian Fresenius (1749-1811), German Jurist and writer

Eduard Fresenius ( (1874–1946), German businessman, founder of Fresenius

Georg Fresenius (1808–1866), German botanist

Wilhelm Fresenius (1913–2004), German chemist from Mainz

Fresenius (company)
Fresenius SE & Co. KGaA is a German multinational health care company based in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe. It provides products and services for dialysis in hospitals, as well as inpatient and outpatient medical care. The company is involved in hospital management and in engineering and services for medical centers and other health care facilities. The company was ranked 411th in the 2023 Forbes Global 2000 list.
France–Spain football rivalry
The France–Spain football rivalry (French: Rivalité footballistique France-Espagne, Spanish: Rivalidad futbolística entre Francia y España) is one of the biggest and most heated association football rivalries in Europe, between France and Spain, two of the most successful national teams in the world as well as neighbours in Europe.

UEFA Euro 2012 knockout stage
The knockout stage of UEFA Euro 2012 began with the quarter-finals on 21 June 2012, and was completed on 1 July 2012 with the final at the Olympic Stadium in Kyiv, won by Spain. After the completion of the group stage on 19 June 2012, eight teams qualified for the quarter-finals (two from each group), which were played from 21 to 24 June 2012. Host nations Poland and Ukraine failed to qualify for the quarter-finals, making it only the third time in European Championship history that the host nation(s) failed to make it out of the group stage; at Euro 2000, co-host Belgium were eliminated at the group stage, and at Euro 2008, co-hosts Austria and Switzerland also failed to qualify for the quarter-finals.
Kwek Siew Jin
Kwek Siew Jin BBM PPA(E) PPA(P) PP PBM is a Singaporean former civil servant and former rear-admiral who served as Chief of Navy from 1992 to 1996.

After leaving the navy in June 1996, Kwek was appointed as managing director of the Singapore Mass Rapid Transit till December 2001. Kwek was moved to Singapore Power to serve as its president and chief executive officer, but shortly resigned in December 2003.

Pingat Penghargaan (Tentera)
The Pingat Penghargaan (Tentera) (English: Commendation Medal (Military)) is a decoration awarded to any member of the Singapore Armed Forces who has placed himself above his peers through commendable achievements in military command or staff work, or who has performed service over and above the call of duty. The Pingat Kepujian is the civil equivalent award.

Prior to 1996, the three services issued their own version of the Pingat Penghargaan (Tentera). Whilst retaining the same name, the ribbons and medals differed. The individual service medals where issued in three grades: Gold, Silver and Bronze.
Cumberland Mall (Georgia)
Cumberland Mall is a shopping mall in the Cumberland district of Metropolitan Atlanta near the suburbs of Smyrna and Vinings.  It was the largest shopping mall in Georgia when it opened on August 8, 1973. The mall features the traditional retailers Macy's, Dick's Sporting Goods, Costco, in addition to Planet Fitness,  and Round 1 Entertainment.

Dick's Sporting Goods
Dick's Sporting Goods, Inc. (stylized as DICK'S Sporting Goods) is an American chain of sporting goods stores founded in 1948 by Richard "Dick" Stack. It is the largest sporting goods retailer in the United States and is listed on the Fortune 500.
Terrestrial brownbul
The terrestrial brownbul (Phyllastrephus terrestris) is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae.
It is found in eastern and south-eastern Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland.

Bulbul
The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills. The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropical Asia to Indonesia, and north as far as Japan. A few insular species occur on the tropical islands of the Indian Ocean. There are 166 species in 32 genera. While different species are found in a wide range of habitats, the African species are predominantly found in rainforest, whereas Asian bulbuls are predominantly found in more open areas.
Jamie Murphy (footballer, born 1989)
James Murphy (born 28 August 1989) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a winger for Scottish Championship club Ayr United.

Born in Glasgow, Murphy has previously played for Scottish clubs Motherwell, Rangers, Hibernian and St Johnstone, and English clubs Sheffield United, Brighton & Hove Albion, Burton Albion and Mansfield Town. He played for the Scotland U19 and Scotland U21 representative teams, and made his full international debut for Scotland in March 2018.

Scotland national under-21 football team
The Scotland national under-21 football team, controlled by the Scottish Football Association, is Scotland's national under 21 football team and is considered to be a feeder team for the Scotland national football team.

As a European under-21 team, Scotland compete in the UEFA European Under-21 Championship, which is usually held every other year. The team has qualified for the final stages of these Championships on six occasions, although not since 1996. There is no global tournament for under-21 national teams. Performance in the European Championship determines qualification for football at the Summer Olympics, which Scotland is unable to compete in.
Pilga Station
Pilga Station is a pastoral lease and sheep station located 48 km (30 mi) south west of Marble Bar and 210 km (130 mi) north of Newman in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.

The station occupies an area of 87,018 hectares (215,025 acres) and in 1946 had 256 km (159 mi) of fencing and the property was divided into 16 paddocks. The property also had 23 wells, was equipped with mills, a homestead and shearing shed. The Shaw River flows through a portion of Pilga.

In 1928 sheep from Pilga produced 134 bales of wool.

Shearers shore 15,400 sheep at Pilga in 1934, including 3,000 summer lambs producing 151 bales of wool; the clip was 3 long tons (3 t) better than the previous record.

In 1954 the station owner, J. J. Doughty, took miners to the Wardens court to seek the forfeiture of 16 mining tenements for non-compliance of labour conditions and continual use of water rights at the Cooglegong tin-field situated on the property.

Wool bale
A wool bale is a standard sized and weighted pack of classed wool compressed by the mechanical means of a wool press. This is the regulation required method of packaging for wool, to keep it uncontaminated and readily identifiable. A "bale of wool" is also the standard trading unit for wool on the wholesale national and international markets.

The minimum weight of a bale is 120 kilograms (260 lb) as of January 2016.
Brooklyn Moors
Brooklyn Chloe Moors (born February 23, 2001) is a retired Canadian artistic gymnast who competed at the 2020 Olympic Games and represented Canada at the 2017, 2018, and 2019 World Championships. At the 2017 World Championships, she became the first Canadian to win the Longines Prize for Elegance. She is the 2019 Pan American Games champion on the floor exercise and the silver medalist with the team. She is also the 2017 Pan American champion on the floor exercise. She competed for the UCLA Bruins in collegiate gymnastics from 2022 until 2025.

2017 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships
The 2017 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships was the forty-seventh edition of the Artistic Gymnastics World Championships. The competition was held from October 2–8, 2017, at the Olympic Stadium in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

The event marked the first time since 2003 that the Championships had been held in North America. Montreal was also the host of the 1985 World Championships and the 1976 Summer Olympics. The event was part of Montreal's 375th anniversary and Canada's 150th anniversary celebrations, both of which were in fall of 2017.
Franz Grüter
Franz Josef Grüter (/ɡruːtɛr/ born 29 July 1963) is a Swiss businessman and politician. He currently serves as a member of the National Council (Switzerland) for the Swiss People's Party since 30 November 2015. Grüter is also known for founding green.ch group which he ultimately sold to the Altice concern for 214 million Swiss Francs (approximately $230m in 2023). Grüter belongs among the richest politicians in the Swiss legislative according to Handelszeitung.

National Council (Switzerland)
The National Council (German: Nationalrat; French: Conseil national; Italian: Consiglio nazionale; Romansh: Cussegl naziunal) is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, representing the people. The other house, the Council of States, represents the states. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism. Both houses meet in the Federal Palace of Switzerland in Bern.

The National Council consists of 200 members. Adult citizens elect the council's members, who are called national Councillors, for four year terms. Members are apportioned to the cantons in proportion to their population.
Brazil at the 2014 FIFA World Cup
The following article concerns the performance of Brazil at the 2014 FIFA World Cup. They played their first home-soil World Cup after 64 years, since the 1950 World Cup, and thus were automatically qualified for the group stage.

Brazil qualified as first at their group, winning two matches (Croatia and Cameroon) and drawing one (Mexico).

They eventually reached the semi-finals, beating Chile and Colombia. Brazil, however, were then knocked out by the eventual champions Germany in a match known as the Mineirazo. In the match for third place, Brazil lost to Netherlands and therefore ended the tournament in fourth place.

1950 FIFA World Cup
The 1950 FIFA World Cup was the fourth edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in Brazil from 24 June to 16 July 1950.

It was the first World Cup tournament in over twelve years, as the 1942 and 1946 World Cups were cancelled due to World War II. Italy, the two-time defending champions, were eliminated in the first round for the first time in history. Uruguay, who had won the inaugural competition in 1930, defeated the host nation, Brazil, in the deciding match of the four-team group of the final round, causing what is sometimes known as one of the biggest upsets in sports history, occasionally called the Maracanaço. This was the only tournament not decided by a one-match final. It was also the inaugural tournament where the trophy was referred to as the Jules Rimet Cup, to mark the 25th anniversary of Jules Rimet's presidency of FIFA.
Arthur Power
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Arthur John Power GCB GBE CVO (12 April 1889 – 28 January 1960) was a Royal Navy officer. He took part in the First World War as a gunnery officer and saw action in the Dardanelles campaign. During the inter-war years he commanded the gunnery school at HMS Excellent and then the aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal. During the Second World War he played a leading role in the planning for the Allied invasion of Sicily and for the Allied invasion of Italy and then commanded the naval forces for the actual landing of V Corps at Taranto in Italy in September 1943. He went on to be Commander-in-Chief of the East Indies Fleet in the closing stages of the war and conducted naval strikes on the Imperial Japanese Army in Borneo and Malaya. After the War he became Second Sea Lord and Chief of Naval Personnel, Commander-in-Chief, Mediterranean Fleet and then Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth.

Admiral of the Fleet (Royal Navy)
Admiral of the Fleet (ADMF) is a five-star naval officer rank and the highest rank of the Royal Navy, formally established in 1688. The five-star NATO rank code is OF-10, equivalent to a field marshal in the British Army or a marshal of the Royal Air Force.  Apart from honorary appointments, no new admirals of the fleet have been named since 1995, and no honorary appointments have been made since 2014.
Muati
Muati was a Mesopotamian god. His character is poorly known. He was regarded as the spouse of Nanaya in Old Babylonian sources. He was later syncretised with Nabu, who likely came to be associated with Nanaya for this reason. Muati is attested in a poem from the reign of Abi-Eshuh, in which he is implored to mediate with his wife on behalf on this ruler. Additionally, he is mentioned in a single text from Isin, possibly in a document from Larsa, and in a god list counting him among the deities of Uruk.

Nabu
Nabu (Akkadian: 𒀭𒀝, romanized: Nabû, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: נְבוֹ‏, romanized: Nəḇo) is the Babylonian patron god of literacy, scribes, wisdom, and the rational arts. He is associated with the classical planet Mercury in Babylonian astronomy.
Letting Off the Happiness
Letting Off the Happiness is the second studio album released by the indie rock band Bright Eyes. The album was released on November 2, 1998. It was the first release by Bright Eyes to feature and be produced by Mike Mogis, now a permanent member of the band. A vinyl re-release of the album was included in the Bright Eyes Vinyl Box Set in 2012. Guest musicians include members of Cursive, Tilly and the Wall, and Elephant 6 collective's Neutral Milk Hotel and of Montreal.

This album is the 23rd release of Saddle Creek Records. The album was reissued alongside a six-track companion EP by Dead Oceans on May 27, 2022.

Tilly and the Wall
Tilly and the Wall was an indie pop group from Omaha, Nebraska. Their name originated from a children's book called Tillie and the Wall, written by Leo Lionni. They are particularly noted for having  a tap dancer, Jamie Pressnall, provide percussion, instead of a drummer.
Alan Yarrow
Sir Alan Colin Drake Yarrow, KStJ FCSI (born 27 June 1951) was Lord Mayor of London 2014–15. He is an investment banker, who has served as Chairman of the Chartered Institute for Securities & Investment (CISI) since 2009.

Chartered Institute for Securities & Investment
The Chartered Institute for Securities & Investment (CISI) is a professional body for members of the financial and investment profession. It offers qualifications and resources for professional development, as well as setting standards of conduct and ethics for those in the industry.
Billy Yates (singer)
Billy Wayne Yates (born March 13, 1963) is an American country music artist. He has released ten studio albums and has charted four singles on the Billboard country charts, including "Flowers" which reached number 36 in 1997. Yates also co-wrote George Jones' singles "I Don't Need Your Rockin' Chair" and "Choices", which were released in 1993 and 1999 respectively. Other artists who have recorded Yates' work include Ricochet, Ricky Van Shelton, and Kenny Chesney. In addition to his work as a singer and songwriter, Yates is the owner of the songwriting and publishing company Smokin' Grapes, which was founded in 2006. Yates' musical style is defined by neotraditional country and honky-tonk influences, and has been favorably compared to artists such as Gene Watson.

Gene Watson
Gary Gene Watson (born October 11, 1943) is an American country music singer. He is most famous for his 1975 hit "Love in the Hot Afternoon", his 1981 number-one hit "Fourteen Carat Mind", and his signature 1979 song "Farewell Party".  Watson's long career has included five number-one hits, 21 top 10s, and 48 charted singles.
Frederick Birks
Frederick Birks, VC, MM (16 August 1894 – 21 September 1917) was a Welsh-born Australian First World War soldier and recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest decoration for gallantry "in the face of the enemy" that can be awarded to members of the British and Commonwealth forces.

Born in Buckley, Flintshire, Birks served in the Royal Artillery for three years before emigrating to Australia in 1913. After serving as a non-commissioned officer during the landing at Gallipoli and the Battle of the Somme, Birks was commissioned as a second lieutenant on 4 May 1917. On 20 September, during the Battle of Passchendaele, while advancing in Glencorse Wood, Ypres, Birks, alongside a corporal, forced a garrison to surrender and captured sixteen men in another attack. His actions were later recognised with the Victoria Cross. The following day, Birks was killed by a shell while attempting to save some of his men.

Military Medal
The Military Medal (MM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other arms of the armed forces, and to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land. The award was established in 1916, with retrospective application to 1914, and was awarded to other ranks for "acts of gallantry and devotion to duty under fire". The award was discontinued in 1993, when it was replaced by the Military Cross, which was extended to all ranks, while other Commonwealth nations instituted their own award systems in the post war period.
Al-Dimyati
ʿAbd al-Muʾmin b. K̲h̲alaf S̲h̲araf al-Dīn al-Tūnī al-Dimyāṭī al-S̲h̲āfiʿī (Arabic: عبد المؤمن بن خلف شرف الدين التوني الدمياطي الشافعي), commonly known as Al-Dimyāṭī (Arabic: الدمياطي; 705-613 AH/ 1217–1306 CE) was regarded as the leading traditionist in Egypt in the 13th century. Young man who explored throughout the Middle East in pursuit of prophetic traditions later settled in Cairo and began teaching at the most prestigious institutions.

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
Ibn Hajar al Asqalani ( full name: Abu al Fadl Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Muhammad al Kinani). (Arabic: ابن حجر العسقلاني; 18 February 1372 – 2 February 1449),  or simply ibn Ḥajar, was a classic Islamic scholar "whose life work constitutes the final summation of the science of hadith." He authored some 150 works on hadith, history, biography, exegesis, poetry, and the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence, the most valued of which being his commentary of Sahih al-Bukhari, titled Fath al-Bari. He is known by the honorific epithets Hafiz al-Asr "Hafiz of the Time", Shaykh al-Islam "Shaykh of Islam", and Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadith "Commander of the Faithful in Hadith".

He was regarded as the foremost scholar of the fifteenth century across all fields of Islamic law.
Jamhore
Jamhore is a village and a notified area in Aurangabad district in the Indian state of Bihar.

According to the 2001 Census of India, Jamhore had a population of 8,575. 52% of the population were male, whilst women accounted for 48%. The village had an average literacy rate of 50%, which was lower than the national average of 59.5% at the time. Male literacy stood at 60% and female literacy at 38%. Approximately 18% of the population was under six years of age.

Aurangabad district, Bihar
Aurangabad district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state, India. It is currently a part of the Red Corridor. Aurangabad played a major role in the Indian independence struggle, and is also the birthplace of eminent nationalist & first Deputy Chief Minister of state, Bihar Vibhuti Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha, a participant of Champaran Satyagraha who is regarded among makers of modern independent Bihar.
Muyanja Mbabaali
Muyanja Mbabaali also known as Hajj Muhammad Muyanja Mbabaali (born October 23 1953) is a Ugandan politician, businessman and public administrator. He is best known for serving as the Member of Parliament for Bukoto County South, Lwengo District, following the 2011 general election under the National Resistance Movement (NRM).

Parliament of Uganda
The Parliament of Uganda is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Uganda. One of its primary functions is to pass laws that support effective governance in the country. Government ministers are required to answer to the people's representatives on the floor of the house and may be appointed from amongst its members.

Through the various parliamentary committees, parliament scrutinises government programmes, particularly as outlined in the State of the Nation address by the president. Fiscal matters, such as taxation and loans, require parliamentary approval after appropriate debate.Parliament also holds the authority to confirm certain presidential nominations and, through a motion of censure, may compel a Minister to resign.
Mr. Troop Mom
Mr. Troop Mom is an American 2009 comedy television film directed by William Dear, written by Thomas Ian Griffith and starring George Lopez, Daniela Bobadilla, April Telek, Julia Anderson, Elizabeth Thai, Geoff Gustafson, and Jane Lynch. It tells of Eddie Serrano (Lopez), a widower, and his teenage daughter Naomi. Eddie joins Naomi and her friends on a camping trip, making Eddie the "Team Mom".

The film aired on Nickelodeon and premiered on June 19, 2009; it was released on DVD and Blu-ray on June 23, 2009.

George Lopez
George Edward Lopez (born April 23, 1961) is an American stand-up comedian and actor. He is most known for starring in his self-produced ABC sitcom George Lopez. His stand-up comedy examines race and ethnic relations, including Mexican American culture. Lopez has received several honors for his work and contributions to the Latino community, including the 2003 Imagen Vision Award, the 2003 Latino Spirit Award for Excellence in Television and the National Hispanic Media Coalition Impact Award. He was also named one of the "25 Most Influential Hispanics in America" by Time magazine in 2005.
Great Clock of Lima
The Great Clock of Lima (Spanish: Gran Reloj de Lima), also known as the Pedro Ruiz Gallo clock (Spanish: Reloj de Pedro Ruiz Gallo) after its inventor, was a monumental clock created by Pedro Ruiz Gallo, and which was installed in the Parque de la Exposición in 1870 for the celebration of the Exhibition of 1872. The watch disappeared during the occupation of Lima by the Chilean Army in the War of the Pacific.

Occupation of Lima
The occupation of Lima by the Chilean Army in 1881-1883 was an event in the land campaign phase of the War of the Pacific (1879-1883).

Lima was defended by the remnants of the Peruvian army and crowds of civilians in the lines of San Juan and Miraflores. As the invading army advanced, the towns of Chorrillos and Barranco were occupied on January 13 1881, while the town of Miraflores was captured on January 16, after the Battle of Miraflores; finally the city of Lima was taken and held from January 17, 1881, until October 23, 1883, when Miguel Iglesias regained control of the Peruvian government.