hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xin dynasty coinage
Xin dynasty coinage (Traditional Chinese: 新朝貨幣) was a system of ancient Chinese coinage that replaced the Wu Zhu cash coins of the Han dynasty and was largely based on the different types of currencies of the Zhou dynasty, including knife money and spade money. During his brief reign, Wang Mang introduced a total of four major currency reforms which resulted in 37 different kinds of money consisting of different substances (tortoiseshell, cowries, gold, silver, copper), different patterns (knife, spade, coin), and different denominations (values of 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1,000).

Eventually Wang Mang was forced to abolish the revived Zhou dynasty coinages in favour of cash coins. But after the fall of the Xin dynasty, the restored Han dynasty reintroduced the Wu Zhu cash coins, but the Huo Quan (貨泉) cash coins introduced during the Xin dynasty would continue to be produced for some time after its fall.

Knife money
Knife money (Chinese: 刀币) is the name of large, cast, bronze, knife-shaped commodity money produced by various governments and kingdoms in what is now China, approximately 2,500 years ago.  Knife money circulated in China between 600 and 200 BCE during the Zhou dynasty.
Ctenochromis
Ctenochromis is a genus of haplochromine cichlids endemic to the Lake Tanganyika and Congo River basins in Africa.

At present, 5 species are validly described in Ctenochromis:

Ctenochromis horei (Günther, 1894)

Ctenochromis luluae (Fowler, 1930)

Ctenochromis oligacanthus (Regan, 1922)

Ctenochromis pectoralis Pfeffer, 1893 – Pangani Haplo (listed as extinct by the IUCN, but this appears to be incorrect).

Ctenochromis polli (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1964)

An undescribed population that appears to be a distinct species is:

Ctenochromis aff. pectoralis

Ctenochromis pectoralis
Ctenochromis pectoralis, the Pangani haplo (short for "haplochromine"), is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae. It was originally characterized in the Pangani River of Tanzania, and may also be present in Kenya. It is listed as extinct by IUCN as a result of a 1996 evaluation, but this appears to be incorrect.  A more recent IUCN publication stated that this species is not endangered in any way.

Two isolated populations of similar fish have been reported from springs flanking Mount Kilimanjaro, with some disagreement as to whether they represent the same or distinct related species: at the Kikuletwa Hot Springs of Hai District of Kilimanjaro Region, upstream of the Pangani, and the Mzima Springs, in the Tsavo River drainage, Kenya.  The latter is listed as a distinct, vulnerable species, C. aff. pectoralis, by IUCN.
60 meter hurdles at the NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 60 meter hurdles, 55 meter hurdles, or their imperial 60 yard hurdles equivalent, often called the "high hurdles", has been contested at the NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships since its founding in 1965. The 60 yard hurdles was contested until 1983, 55 meters from 1984 to 1998, and the 60 meters has been run since 1999. Hand timing was used until 1975, while starting in 1976 fully automatic timing was used.

55 metres hurdles
55 metres hurdles is a distance in hurdling, usually only run in indoor competitions. This is more commonly run at the high school level.  The objective is to approach the first hurdle with 7 steps, each hurdle after that needs to have 3 step intervals.  5 stepping or commonly known as stutter stepping cuts down a hurdlers momentum and cuts drastic time.  4 stepping is less common, but it is when a hurdler switches their lead leg each hurdle.  Unlike outdoor track and field, indoor track usually has no distance hurdles to also run since the typical indoor track is only 160 metres or 200 metres.   It is usually an alternative to the 60 metres hurdles.
Rhodes Chroma
The Rhodes Chroma, originally developed as the ARP Chroma, is a polyphonic, multitimbral, microprocessor-controlled analog synthesizer designed by ARP Instruments, Inc. in 1979–1980, shortly before the company's bankruptcy in 1981.  The design was purchased by CBS Musical Instruments and put into production by their Rhodes Division in 1982 as the Rhodes Chroma at a list price of US$5295. Rhodes also released a keyboardless version of the Chroma called the Chroma Expander (US$3150).

The Chroma was one of the early microprocessor-controlled analog synthesizers. It was designed before MIDI and featured a 25-pin D-sub connector for computer communication and Expander linking. An Apple IIe interface card and sequencing software were also available.

Production ended in 1984 after an estimated 1400-3000 Chromas and Expanders were built.

Analog synthesizer
An analog synthesizer (British English: analogue synthesiser) is a synthesizer that uses analog circuits and analog signals to generate sound electronically.

The earliest analog synthesizers in the 1920s and 1930s, such as the Trautonium, were built with a variety of vacuum-tube (thermionic valve) and electro-mechanical technologies. After the 1960s, analog synthesizers were built using operational amplifier (op-amp) integrated circuits, and used potentiometers (pots, or variable resistors) to adjust the sound parameters. Analog synthesizers also use low-pass filters and high-pass filters to modify the sound. While 1960s-era analog synthesizers such as the Moog used a number of independent electronic modules connected by patch cables, later analog synthesizers such as the Minimoog integrated them into single units, eliminating patch cords in favour of integrated signal routing systems.
Extraterrestrial materials
Extraterrestrial material refers to natural objects now on Earth that originated in outer space. Such materials include cosmic dust and meteorites, as well as samples brought to Earth by sample return missions from the Moon, asteroids and comets, as well as solar wind particles.

Extraterrestrial materials are of value to science as they preserve the primitive composition of the gas and dust from which the Sun and the Solar System formed.

Moon rock
Moon rock or lunar rock is rock originating from Earth's Moon. This includes lunar material collected during the course of human exploration of the Moon, and rock that has been ejected naturally from the Moon's surface and landed on Earth as lunar meteorites.
Prelude to the Mishima Incident
The Prelude to the Mishima Incident explains the process leading up to the November 1970 Mishima Incident, including the relationship between Mishima and the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force that started in 1966, and the founding of the Tatenokai, and the failure of plans to turn the Self-Defense Forces into a national army by taking advantage of the Anpo protests.

This ariticle details that Mishima's statements and actions in the years leading up to the incident, as well as the path of the activities of the Tatenokai organization, along with the historical background of the time. It is said that the essence of the Mishima Incident cannot be grasped without outlining these historical facts, and that examining the processes and factors involved is of great importance.

Tatenokai
The Tatenokai (楯の会, 楯の會) or Shield Society was a private militia in Japan dedicated to traditional Japanese values and veneration of the Emperor. It was founded and led by author Yukio Mishima. The private militia was officially founded in 1968 for the purpose of preventing indirect aggression by proponents of foreign ideology seeking to destroy Japanese traditional culture, and protecting the dignity of the Emperor as a symbol of Japan's national identity.

The name of Tatenokai comes from two classical waka, one from the 7th century Asuka period and the other from the 19th century Edo period, which express the determination to become a shield to protect the Emperor.
Top Gear series 30
Series 30 of Top Gear, a British motoring magazine and factual television programme, was broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC One and BBC One HD during early 2021. It was the fourth series to feature the presenting lineup of Paddy McGuinness, Freddie Flintoff and Chris Harris and the second to be broadcast on BBC One. As with the previous series, the COVID-19 pandemic affected production and filming of this series, with several changes made as a result; studio segments were filmed on an outdoor set with no full audience.

The series' highlights included the presenters taking a road trip across the Lake District in their dads' cars, driving some of the cars from the James Bond franchise, and a challenge involving cars for a midlife crisis.

Top Gear series 29
Series 29 of Top Gear, a British motoring magazine and factual television programme, was broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC One during 2020, consisting of five episodes between 4 October and 1 November. The COVID-19 pandemic affected production of the series, with several changes made as a result—studio segments were filmed on an outdoor set with social distancing maintained between presenters, audience members and production staff, the celebrity segment was dropped, and most films were recorded within Britain; a single international film was created, but this was produced in February 2020.

This series' highlights included the presenters making their own home-made ice cream van, enduring a 24-hour challenge with saloon cars, motoring challenges involving cheap hire cars in Cyprus, and a tribute to racing legend Stirling Moss.
Polish passport
A Polish passport (Polish: Polski paszport) is an international travel document issued to nationals of Poland, and may also serve as proof of Polish citizenship. Besides enabling the bearer to travel internationally and serving as indication of Polish citizenship, the passport facilitates the process of securing assistance from Polish consular officials abroad or other European Union member states in case a Polish consular is absent, if needed.

Every Polish citizen is also a citizen of the European Union. The passport, along with the national identity card allows for free rights of movement and residence in any of the states of the European Union, European Economic Area and Switzerland.

According to the 2024 edition of the Henley Passport Index, the Polish passport allows visa-free travel to 189 countries and, together with the United States, Canada, the Czech Republic and Hungary, is ranked 6th globally in terms of travel freedom.

Hungarian passport
Hungarian passports (Hungarian: Magyar útlevél) are issued to Hungarian citizens for international travel by The Central Data Processing, Registration and Election Office of the Hungarian Ministry of the Interior. Every Hungarian citizen is also a citizen of the European Union. The passport, besides the national identity card allows for free rights of movement and residence in any of the states of the European Union, European Economic Area and Switzerland.
WCWA
WCWA (1230 AM) is a commercial radio station in Toledo, Ohio, airing a sports radio format, concentrating on sports gambling. It is owned by iHeartMedia with studios on South Superior Street at Lafayette Street in Toledo. It carries programming from VSiN and Fox Sports Radio. Popular syndicated sports programs heard weekdays include: The Dan Patrick Show, The Herd with Colin Cowherd and The Doug Gottlieb Show.

WCWA transmits at a power of 1,000 watts. The transmitter is near the intersection of Hawley & Whittier Streets and can be easily seen from the Anthony Wayne Trail. WCWA also streams its signal on the IHeartRadio app. WCWA is part of iHeart's Toledo cluster, also including WSPD 1370 AM (NewsRadio), WVKS 92.5 FM (KISS FM), WRVF 101.5 FM (The River), WCKY-FM 103.7 FM (Buckeye Country) and WIOT 104.7 FM (Toledo's Rock).

WSPD
WSPD (1370 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Toledo, Ohio, United States, that features a conservative talk format. Owned by iHeartMedia, the station serves the Toledo metropolitan area as the area affiliate for Fox News Radio and the Cleveland Guardians Radio Network, and is the local home for Toledo Rockets athletics. WSPD's studios are located in Downtown Toledo, while the transmitter resides in Perrysburg Township. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WSPD is relayed over low-power Toledo translator W225AM (92.9 FM), is simulcast over the second digital subchannel of WRVF, and is available online via iHeartRadio.
Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo
Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo (born June 7, 1970) is a Vietnamese businesswoman, and the president and CEO of VietJet Air, president of Sovico Group and vice president of HDBank. After Phạm Nhật Vượng, she is the second Vietnamese person (as well as the first Southeast Asian woman) to be recognized by Forbes as a US$ billionaire.

Phạm Nhật Vượng
Phạm Nhật Vượng (Vietnamese pronunciation: [fâːm ɲʌ̂t vɯɤ̂ŋ], born 5 August 1968) is a Vietnamese property developer and Vietnam's first USD billionaire. He is the founder and chairman of Vingroup, the largest conglomerate in Vietnam. As of October 2025, Vượng has a net worth of $20.3 billion according to Forbes.
AMD FX
AMD FX are a series of high-end AMD microprocessors for personal computers which debuted in 2011, claimed as AMD's first native 8-core desktop processor. The line was introduced with the Bulldozer microarchitecture at launch (codenamed "Zambezi"), and was then succeeded by its derivative Piledriver in 2012 (codenamed "Vishera").

The line aimed at competing with the Intel Core line of desktop processors, in particular processors based on Sandy Bridge and Ivy Bridge architectures.

FX has been succeeded by the Ryzen brand of CPUs, based on the Zen architecture, which initially launched in 2017 to compete with Intel's later generation processors such as Skylake.

Ryzen
Ryzen (/ˈraɪzən/ RY-zən) is a brand of multi-core x86-64 microprocessors, designed and marketed by AMD for desktop, mobile, server, and embedded platforms, based on the Zen microarchitecture. It consists of central processing units (CPUs) marketed for mainstream, enthusiast, server, and workstation segments; accelerated processing units (APUs), marketed for mainstream and entry-level segments and embedded systems applications.

A majority of AMD's desktop Ryzen products use the AM4 and AM5 platforms. In August 2017, AMD launched their Ryzen Threadripper line aimed at the enthusiast and workstation markets. Ryzen Threadripper uses different, larger sockets such as TR4, sTRX4, sWRX8, and sTR5, which support additional memory channels and PCI Express lanes. AMD moved to the AM5 platform for consumer desktop Ryzen with the release of Zen 4 products in late 2022.
Midwolda
Midwolda (Dutch pronunciation: [mɪtˈʋɔldaː]) is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is located in the municipality of Oldambt, about 7 km northwest of Winschoten.

Midwolda was a separate municipality until 1990, when it was merged with Scheemda.

Winschoten
Winschoten (Dutch: [ˈʋɪnsxoːtə(n)] ⓘ; Gronings: Winschoot) is a city with a population of 18,518 in the municipality of Oldambt in the northeast of the Netherlands. It is the largest city in the region of Oldambt in the province of Groningen which has 38,213 inhabitants.

Winschoten received its city rights in 1825. It was a separate municipality until it was merged into Oldambt in 2010. The seat of government of Oldambt is in Winschoten.

There are three windmills and several churches in Winschoten. There is a railway station with direct connections to Groningen and Leer (Germany), although due to the reconstruction of the Friesenbrücke trains to Germany will stop at Weener until 2024. Winschoten has an important role as a shopping centre for the region of Oldambt. In the province of Groningen, it is the second-largest shopping destination and it attracts many consumers from nearby Germany.
Sloane Hospital for Women
The Sloane Hospital for Women is the obstetrics and gynecology service within NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons (P&S) in New York City. It was founded in 1886 with Columbia P&S as a training and treatment center for obstetrics. It has provided over 100 years of obstetrical care. The hospital is located within Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital.

Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital
Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of NewYork-Presbyterian (MSCH or CHONY) is a women's and children's hospital at 3959 Broadway, near West 165th Street, in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It is a part of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital and the Columbia University Irving Medical Center. The hospital treats patients aged 0–21 from New York City and around the world. The hospital features a ACS verified Level I Pediatric Trauma Center and is named after financial firm Morgan Stanley, which largely funded its construction through philanthropy.

The hospital is affiliated with the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, and many of its physicians are faculty members of the college.
2017–18 Tour de Ski
The 2017–18 Tour de Ski was the 12th edition of the Tour de Ski, part of the 2017–18 FIS Cross-Country World Cup. The World Cup stage event began in Lenzerheide, Switzerland, on December 30, 2017, and ended in Val di Fiemme, Italy, on January 7, 2018. The cups were defended by Heidi Weng (Norway) and Sergey Ustiugov (Russia).

2017–18 FIS Cross-Country World Cup
The 2017–18 FIS Cross-Country World Cup was the 37th official World Cup season in cross-country skiing for men and women. The season began on 24 November 2017 in Ruka, Finland and ended on 18 March 2018 in Falun, Sweden.
Enlil (heliospheric model)
Enlil is a time-dependent three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic model of the inner heliosphere that simulates the background solar wind and the interplanetary propagation of coronal mass ejections, CMEs. It is a core component of the operational WSA–Enlil modeling system used for space weather forecasting and research at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Space Weather Prediction Center, at NASA's Community Coordinated Modeling Center, and at other national forecasting centers.

NOAA states the system provides "1-4 day advance warning" of solar-wind structures and Earth-directed CMEs that can drive geomagnetic storms. The code is named for Enlil, the Sumerian god of wind and storms, reflecting the model's focus on solar-wind dynamics.

Space weather
Space weather is a branch of space physics and aeronomy, or heliophysics, concerned with the varying conditions within the Solar System and its heliosphere. This includes the effects of the solar wind, especially on the Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. Though physically distinct, space weather is analogous to the terrestrial weather of Earth's atmosphere (troposphere and stratosphere). The term "space weather" was first used in the 1950s and popularized in the 1990s. Later, it prompted research into "space climate", the large-scale and long-term patterns of space weather.
Port Jefferson Power Station
Port Jefferson Power Station is a fossil-burning power plant in Port Jefferson, New York on Long Island.  It is operated by National Grid USA.  Its four main steam turbine units were constructed between 1948 and 1960 by the Long Island Lighting Company (LILCO), with the older two decommissioned in 1994.

National Grid plc
National Grid plc is a British multinational electricity and gas utility company headquartered in London, England. Its principal activities are in the United Kingdom, where it owns and operates electricity and natural gas transmission networks, and in the Northeastern United States, where as well as operating transmission networks, the company produces and supplies electricity and gas, providing both to customers in New York and Massachusetts.

National Grid plc is one of the largest investor-owned utility companies in the world; it has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange where it is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index, and a secondary listing in the form of its American depositary receipts on the New York Stock Exchange.
Rosulje Airport
Kruševac Airport (Serbian: Аеродром Крушевац, romanized: Aerodrom Kruševac) (ICAO: LYKS) is an airport two kilometres (1.2 mi) south from the city of Kruševac, Serbia. The airport is also known as Rosulje Airport (Serbian: Аеродром Росуље, romanized: Aerodrom Rosulje). Kruševac Airport continues to be a real challenge for landing among aircraft, since its runway has been shortened by as much as 300 metres (980 ft). An attractive approach for landing is also valid for the Kruševac Airport, as the route leads through the city and always attracts the attention of the citizens of Kruševac. The option of relocating the aero club to the new location of the Rosulje airport in Parunovac is still open, and by then the existing Kosirsko Polje airport will be in use.

Kruševac
Kruševac (Serbian Cyrillic: Крушевац, pronounced [krûʃeʋats] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of the Rasina District in central Serbia. It is located in the valley of West Morava, on Rasina river. According to the 2022 census, the city administrative area has a population of 113,582 while the urban area has 68,119 inhabitants.

The city was founded in 1371, by Prince Lazar of Serbia (1371–1389), who used it as his seat.
Barnard
Barnard is a surname of Old English origin, derived from the Anglo-Saxon given name "Beornheard". It is composed of two elements: "Beorn," meaning "young warrior" or "bear," and "heard," meaning "hardy," "brave," or "strong." In some cases, Barnard is a version of the surname Bernard, which is a French and West Germanic masculine given name and surname. The surname means as tough as a bear, Bar(Bear)+nard/hard(hardy/tough)

Bernard
Bernard (Bernhard) is a French and West Germanic masculine given name. It has West Germanic origin and is also a surname.

The name is attested from at least the 9th century. West Germanic Bernhard is composed from the two elements bern "bear" and hard "brave, hardy". Its native Old English cognate was Beornheard, which was replaced or merged with the French form Bernard that was brought to England after the Norman Conquest. The name Bernhard was notably popular among Old Frisian speakers. Its wider use was popularized due to Saint Bernhard of Clairvaux (canonized in 1174). In Ireland, the name was an anglicized form of Brian.
Shloimke Beckerman
Shloimke Beckerman (c. 1884–1974) also known as Samuel Beckerman, was a klezmer clarinetist and bandleader in New York City in the early twentieth century; he was a contemporary of Dave Tarras and Naftule Brandwein. He was the father of Sid Beckerman, also a klezmer bandleader.

Naftule Brandwein
Naftule Brandwein, or Naftuli Brandwine, (Yiddish: נפתלי בראַנדװײַן, September 20, 1884 – October 2, 1963) was an Austrian-born Jewish American Klezmer musician, clarinetist, bandleader and recording artist active from the 1910s to the 1940s. Along with Dave Tarras, he is considered to be among the top klezmer musicians of the twentieth century, and has a continuing influence on musicians in the genre a century later. Along with Tarras and other contemporaries like Israel J. Hochman, Max Leibowitz and Harry Kandel, he also helped forge the new American klezmer sound of the early twentieth century, which gradually gravitated towards a sophisticated big-band sound.