hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sie-A-Nyene Yuoh
Sie-A-Nyene Gyapay Yuoh is a Liberian jurist and politician who currently serves as chief justice of the Supreme Court of Liberia and was nominated on August 23, 2022. She began to serve after the retirement of former chief justice Francis Korkpor on September 27, 2022.

Francis Korkpor
Francis S. Korkpor (born September 7, 1952) is a Liberian jurist and lawyer who served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Liberia from 2013 to 2022. Prior to his tenure as Chief Justice he as an associate justice on the Supreme Court. He was the most senior member of the court at the time of his mandatory retirement at age 70.
GUSTO
GUSTO (Galactic / Extragalactic ULDB Spectroscopic Terahertz Observatory) is a high-altitude balloon mission that carries an infrared telescope to measure fine-structure line emission from the interstellar medium. The mission was developed by NASA's Explorers Program, and was launched on 31 December 2023 from Antarctica.

Explorers Program
The Explorers Program is a NASA exploration program that provides flight opportunities for physics, geophysics, heliophysics, and astrophysics investigations from space. Launched in 1958, Explorer 1 was the first spacecraft of the United States to achieve orbit. Over 90 space missions have been launched since. Starting with Explorer 6, it has been operated by NASA, with regular collaboration with a variety of other institutions, including many international partners.

Launchers for the Explorers Program have included Juno I, Juno II, various Thor, Scout, Delta and Pegasus launch vehicles, and Falcon 9.

The program has three classes: Medium-Class Explorers (MIDEX), Small Explorers (SMEX), and University-Class Explorers (UNEX), with select Missions of Opportunity operated with other agencies.
Susan Rosser
Susan Rosser FRSE FRSB FLSW is a professor of Synthetic Biology at the University of Edinburgh.

Rosser’s research focuses on the development of synthetic biology approaches and tools for engineering pathways and genomes in cell systems. Her work has been applied in biologic therapeutics, developing genetic tools for engineering stem cells and bio-computation.

Learned Society of Wales
The Learned Society of Wales (Welsh: Cymdeithas Ddysgedig Cymru) is a national academy, learned society and charity that exists to "celebrate, recognise, preserve, protect and encourage excellence in all of the scholarly disciplines", and to serve the Welsh nation.

The Learned Society of Wales is Wales's first and only all-embracing national scholarly academy.  A registered charity, it was established and launched on 25 May 2010 at the National Museum of Wales and was granted a Royal Charter in 2015. The society is headquartered in Cardiff.

It is an independent, self-governing, pan-disciplinary, bilingual organisation operating throughout Wales, and is a founding member of the Celtic Academies Alliance.
Leif Larsen
Leif Andreas Larsen DSO, DSC, CGM, DSM and Bar (9 January 1906 – 12 October 1990), popularly known as "Shetlands Larsen", was a highly decorated Norwegian sailor. He was arguably the most famous of the men who operated the Shetland bus escape route during the war.

He participated as a volunteer on the Finnish side during the Winter War and was a soldier in the defence of Norway following the German invasion at Kongsvinger Fortress. He had excellent leadership skills; one of the British officers at the Shetland base, David Howarth, described him as "one of the most remarkable personalities of the entire Second World War". Larsen preferred to downplay his own role and instead credited his crew for his achievements.

Conspicuous Gallantry Medal
The Conspicuous Gallantry Medal (CGM) was, until 1993, a military decoration for gallantry in action. Initially, it was awarded to petty officers and seamen of the Royal Navy, including Warrant Officers and other ranks of the Royal Marines. The CGM was also later awarded to personnel of other Commonwealth navies. From 1943, it was also awarded to NCOs of the Royal Air Force and other Commonwealth air forces, for conspicuous gallantry in action against the enemy in the air. The CGM was officially discontinued in 1993.
Governorship of George W. Bush
George W. Bush served as the 46th governor of Texas from 1995 until 2000, when he resigned as governor amid his transition into the U.S. presidency after having been elected president in the 2000 United States presidential election. As governor, Bush successfully sponsored legislation for tort reform, increased education funding, set higher standards for schools, and reformed the criminal justice system. Bush also pioneered faith-based welfare programs and helped make Texas the leading producer of wind powered electricity in the U.S. He faced criticism for the high number of executions carried out during his time as governor, and for promoting educational policies which critics argued were ineffective.

Governor of Texas
The governor of Texas is the head of state of the U.S. state of Texas. The governor is the head of the executive branch of the government of Texas and is the commander-in-chief of the Texas Military Forces.

Established in the Constitution of Texas, the governor's responsibilities include ensuring the enforcement of state laws, the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Texas Legislature, overseeing state agencies, issuing executive orders, proposing and overseeing the state budget, and making key appointments to state offices. The governor also has the power to call special sessions of the legislature and, with the recommendation of the Texas Board of Pardons and Paroles, grant pardons.
WZ-122 main battle tank
The WZ-122 (Chinese: WZ-122主戰坦克) was a main battle tank developed by the People's Republic of China. With its development starting in March 1970, the WZ-122 would implement several experimental technologies, including hydromatic transmission system, hydropneumatic suspension and a 120mm smoothbore gun, as an effort to develop China's first indigenous second-generation main battle tank. After several prototypes were built, the plan was largely abandoned in 1974.

The development was reinstated in 1977 and into the 1980s with several prototypes such as the WZ-1224 and WZ-1226. Most of the prototypes were not accepted into production due to reliability and technology issues (with the exception of Type 80), still, WZ-122 project provided a technological basis for the development of various later Chinese vehicles, such as China's own third-generation main battle tank, the ZTZ-96 and ZTZ-99.

Type 80/88 main battle tank
The Type 80 (Chinese: 80式; pinyin: BālíngShì)  and the Type 88 (Chinese: 88式; pinyin: Bābāshì) are a family of Chinese second-generation main battle tanks (MBTs).  They are also known as the ZTZ80 and ZTZ88.
Giovannantonio Cipriani
Giovannantonio Cipriani (13 November 1824 – 30 July 1906) was an Italian political activist and a proponent of Italian unification.

Known in nineteenth century documents contemporaneous with his lifetime as "Cipriano," from the age of 20, he was a notary and was affiliated with the Young Italy political organization.

As part of the Kingdom of Italy's attempt at unification of Southern Italy with the rest of the kingdom, Cipriani fought against Southern Italian brigandage and defeated the band led by Carmine Crocco, who violently opposed unification.

Cipriani was a friend of Francesco de Sanctis, who supported Cipriani in his electoral campaigns, as evidenced by the exchange of letters in de Sanctis' book Un viaggio elettorale.

Post-unification Italian brigandage
Brigandage in Southern Italy (Italian: brigantaggio) had existed in some form since ancient times. However, its origins as outlaws targeting random travellers would evolve vastly later on to become a form of a political resistance movement, especially from the 19th century onward. During the time of the Napoleonic conquest of the Kingdom of Naples, the first signs of political resistance brigandage came to public light, as the Bourbon loyalists of the country refused to accept the new Bonapartist rulers and actively fought against them until the Bourbon monarchy had been reinstated. Some claim that the word brigandage is a euphemism for what was in fact a civil war.
Harmonic Maass form
In mathematics, a weak Maass form is a smooth function  on the upper half plane, transforming like a modular form under the action of the modular group, being an eigenfunction of the corresponding hyperbolic Laplace operator, and having at most linear exponential growth at the cusps. If the eigenvalue of  under the Laplacian is zero, then  is called a harmonic weak Maass form, or briefly a harmonic Maass form.

A weak Maass form which has actually moderate growth at the cusps is a classical Maass wave form.

The Fourier expansions of harmonic Maass forms often encode interesting combinatorial, arithmetic, or geometric generating functions. Regularized theta lifts of harmonic Maass forms can be used to construct Arakelov Green functions for special divisors on orthogonal Shimura varieties.

Upper half-plane
In mathematics, the upper half-plane, ⁠⁠ is the set of points ⁠⁠ in the Cartesian plane with ⁠⁠ The lower half-plane is the set of points ⁠⁠ with ⁠⁠ instead. Arbitrarily oriented half-planes can be obtained via a planar rotation. Half-planes are an example of two-dimensional half-space. A half-plane can be split in two quadrants.
Audio file format
An audio file format is a file format for storing digital audio data on a computer system. The bit layout of the audio data (excluding metadata) is called the audio coding format and can be uncompressed, or compressed to reduce the file size, often using lossy compression. The data can be a raw bitstream in an audio coding format, but it is usually embedded in a container format or an audio data format with a defined storage layer.

Container format
A container format (informally, sometimes called a wrapper) or metafile is a file format that allows multiple data streams to be embedded into a single file, usually along with metadata for identifying and further detailing those streams.  Notable examples of container formats include archive files (such as the ZIP format) and formats used for multimedia playback (such as Matroska, MP4, and AVI). Among the earliest cross-platform container formats were Distinguished Encoding Rules and the 1985 Interchange File Format.
Heilongjiang Provincial People's Government
The Heilongjiang Provincial People's Government is the local administrative agency of Heilongjiang. It is officially elected by the Heilongjiang Provincial People's Congress and is formally responsible to the Heilongjiang Provincial People's Congress and its Standing Committee. Under the country's one-party system, the governor is subordinate to the secretary of the Heilongjiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. The Provincial government is headed by a governor, currently Liang Huiling.

Heilongjiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The Heilongjiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party is the provincial committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Heilongjiang and the province's top authority. The CCP committee secretary is the highest ranking post in the province.
History of Afragola
The history of Afragola covers a time span of several millennia. The exact place where the city arose, namely the Regi Lagni plain in ancient Campania Felix, was frequented/occupied between the Final Late Neolithic/Chalcolithic and the Early Bronze Age, evidenced by the discovery of the Early Bronze Age village of Afragola and various artifacts found during the construction of the Naples Afragola station.

Ancient Campania
Ancient Campania (often also identified as Campania Felix or ager Campanus) originally indicated the territory of the ancient city of Capua in the Roman period, and later also the plains of the various neighbouring municipalities. It was a very large territory when compared with the other Italic cities of the Roman and pre-Roman period.
Sam Donahue
Samuel Koontz Donahue (March 18, 1918 – March 22, 1974) was an American jazz saxophonist, trumpeter, and musical arranger. He performed with Gene Krupa, Tommy Dorsey, Benny Goodman, Billy May, Woody Herman, and Stan Kenton.

Woody Herman
Woodrow Charles Herman (May 16, 1913 – October 29, 1987) was an American jazz clarinetist, saxophonist, singer, and big band leader. Leading groups called "The Herd", Herman came to prominence in the late 1930s and was active until his death in 1987. His bands often played music that was cutting edge and experimental; their recordings received numerous Grammy nominations with three wins plus a lifetime achievement award for Herman.
Stadimeter
A stadimeter is an optical device for estimating the range to an object of known height by measuring the angle between the top and bottom of the object as observed at the device.  It is similar to a sextant, in that the device is using mirrors to measure an angle between two objects but differs in that one dials in the height of the object.  It is one of several types of optical rangefinders, and does not require a large instrument, and so was ideal for hand-held implementations or installation in a submarine's periscope. A stadimeter is a type of analog computer.

Rangefinder
A rangefinder (also rangefinding telemeter, depending on the context) is a device used to measure distances to remote objects. Originally optical devices used in surveying, they soon found applications in other fields, such as photography, the military, and space travel. They were especially useful for finding the range of a target, such as in naval gunnery and anti-aircraft artillery. The word telemeter is derived from Ancient Greek  τῆλε (têle) 'distant, far away' and  μέτρον (métron) 'something used to measure'.
Maviya Ali
Maviya  Ali is an Indian politician and was a member of the  16th Legislative Assembly in  India. He represented the Deoband constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a  member of the Samajwadi Party political party.

16th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (a.k.a. Sixteenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 15 March 2012 as a result of 2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election held between 8 Feb to 3 March 2012. The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly has total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member) against a total strength of 404 members.
Historical present
In linguistics and rhetoric, the historical present or historic present, also called dramatic present or narrative present, is the employment of the present tense instead of past tenses when narrating past events. It is also often called the "literary present tense". It is typically thought to heighten the dramatic force of the narrative by describing events as if they were still unfolding, and/or by foregrounding some events relative to others.

Past tense
The past tense is a grammatical tense whose function is to place an action or situation in the past. Examples of verbs in the past tense include the English verbs sang, went and washed. Most languages have a past tense, with some having several types in order to indicate how far back the action took place. Some languages have a compound past tense which uses auxiliary verbs as well as an imperfect tense which expresses continuous or repetitive events or actions. Some languages inflect the verb, which changes the ending to indicate the past tense, while non-inflected languages may use other words meaning, for example, "yesterday" or "last week" to indicate that something took place in the past.
La Petite Rivière (Anticosti Island - Western part)
La Petite Rivière (French pronunciation: [la pətit ʁivjɛʁ], lit. 'The Little River') is a tributary of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, flowing in the municipality of L'Île-d'Anticosti, in the Minganie Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Côte-Nord, in province of Quebec, in Canada.

The main forest road (east–west direction) of Anticosti Island serves the upper part of this valley; it passes between the Lake of the Fourteenth Mile and Lake Simonne. The intermediate part of this valley is served by a forest road (direction es-west). Along the coast, the forest road connects to the east with the forest road network for forestry purposes.

Forestry is the main economic activity in this area; recreational tourism activities, second.

Anticosti Island
Anticosti (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃tikɔsti]) is an island located between the Jacques Cartier and Honguedo Straits, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in L'Île-d'Anticosti (Municipality), Minganie MRC, Côte-Nord, Quebec, Canada.
Wallasey Village
Wallasey Village is a district and suburb of Wallasey, in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, England. At the 2001 Census the population of the area was 8,550.

Wallasey Village is the most westerly suburb of Wallasey and borders the other suburbs of New Brighton to the north east, Liscard to the east and Poulton to the south east. Further west is Leasowe, and to the north, beyond Harrison Park, is the King's Parade fronting Liverpool Bay. The Wirral Show used to be held on the extensive grassed areas - known as "the Dips" along this promenade, to the west of New Brighton.

New Brighton, Merseyside
New Brighton is a seaside resort and suburb of Wallasey, in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral in Merseyside, England, at the northeastern tip of the Wirral peninsula. It has sandy beaches which line the Irish Sea and mouth of the Mersey, and the UK's longest promenade.

At the 2011 Census, the population was 14,859.
Sunkoshi Rural Municipality, Sindhuli
Sunkoshi Rural Municipality (Nepali: सुनकोशी गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality in Sindhuli district of Bagmati Province in Nepal. The Rural municipality is divided into 7 wards. According to 2011 Nepal census, the total population of the municipality is 21,473 with 4,557 households. The total area of the municipality is 158.68 square kilometres (61.27 sq mi)  The headquarter of the municipality is at Jhangajholi Ratmata.

The rural municipality was established on March 10, 2017, when Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body.

Kusheshwar Dumja, Jhangjholi Ratmata, Purano Jhangajholi, Sitalpati and Majhuwa VDCs were merged to form the new rural municipality.

Jhangajholi Ratmata, Sindhuli
Jhangajholi Ratmata is a village development committee in Sindhuli District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,874 people living in 884 individual households.
LaMonica McIver
LaMonica R. McIver (born June 20, 1986) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for New Jersey's 10th congressional district since 2024. A member of the Democratic Party, she served on the Newark municipal council from 2018 to 2024. McIver was first elected to Congress in a September 2024 special election to succeed Donald Payne Jr. in Congress, who died in office in April.

McIver was one of a number of politicians who attempted a legal Congressional oversight visit to a Newark ICE detention facility.  McIver was indicted by a grand jury for "forcibly impeding and interfering with federal officers" during the visit, which carries a maximum sentence of 17 years in prison. She has disputed the charges, claiming that they are political in nature.

Donald Payne Jr.
Donald Milford Payne Jr. (December 17, 1958 – April 24, 2024) was an American politician who served as the U.S. representative for New Jersey's 10th congressional district from 2012 until his death in 2024. A member of the Democratic Party, Payne served as president of the Newark city council from 2010 to 2012.

Following the death of his father, U.S. Representative Donald M. Payne, on March 6, 2012, Payne ran in the primary to succeed him in Congress. His father was first elected in 1988 and re-elected 11 times without significant opposition. Payne Jr. won the June 5, 2012, Democratic primary election, which is tantamount to election in the heavily Democratic district, and the November 6, 2012, general election. Payne Jr. was re-elected five times prior to his death in office in 2024.
Kurobane Domain
Kurobane Domain (黒羽藩, Kurobane-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in the Nasu District of Shimotsuke Province (modern-day Tochigi Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Kurobane jin'ya in what is now part of the city of Ōtawara, Tochigi. Kurobane was ruled through all of its history by the tozama Ōzeki clan.

Shimotsuke Province
Shimotsuke Province (下野国, Shimotsuke no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [ɕi.moꜜ.tsɯ̥.ke (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in the area of Japan that is today Tochigi Prefecture. Shimotsuke was bordered by Kōzuke, Hitachi, Mutsu and Shimōsa Provinces. Its abbreviated form name was Yashū (野州). Under the Engishiki classification system, Shimotsuke was ranked as one of the 13 "great countries" (大国) in terms of importance, and one of the 30 "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital.  The provincial capital is located in what is now the city of Tochigi. The Ichinomiya of the province is the Futarasan jinja located in what is now the city of Utsunomiya.
Chennai Egmore–Thanjavur main line
The Chennai Egmore–Thanjavur main line (via Villupuram, Cuddalore & kumbakonam) connects Chennai Egmore and Thanjavur Junction both in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The Chennai Egmore–Thanjavur main line is part of Chennai–Viluppuram–Chidambaram-Mayiladuthurai–Kumbakonam–Thanjavur–Tiruchirappalli line. There are several branch lines (included here): Chengalpattu–Arakkonam links to Chennai Central–Bengaluru City line, Guntakal–Chennai Egmore section, Viluppuram–Puducherry, Cuddalore–Virudhachalam, Mayiladuthurai–Thiruvarur, and Peralam–Nagapattinam sectors. The line connects the Kaveri delta to Chennai.

Thanjavur Junction railway station
Thanjavur Junction (station code: TJ) is an NSG–3 category Indian railway station in Tiruchirappalli railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a junction railway station in Thanjavur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and serves Thanjavur, earlier known as Tanjore.
Kangaroo emblems and popular culture
Kangaroos, Wallabies and other Macropodidae have become emblems and symbols of Australia, as well as appearing in popular culture both internationally and within Australia itself.

Kangaroos are part of cultural and spiritual significance for many Indigenous Australians. Since its European discovery, Kangaroos have since become an emblem of Australia, appearing in their coat of arms and in many state and city coat of arms, Australian logos such as the Qantas logo, names of Australian sport teams, mascots such as the Boxing Kangaroo and in public art. Kangaroos are also well represented in film, television, songs, toys and souvenirs around the world.

Boxing kangaroo
The boxing kangaroo is a national symbol of Australia, frequently seen in pop culture. The symbol is often displayed prominently by Australian spectators at sporting events, such as at cricket, tennis, basketball and football matches, and at the Commonwealth and Olympic Games. The flag is also highly associated with its namesake national rugby league team – the Kangaroos. A distinctive flag featuring the symbol has since been considered Australia's sporting flag.
Ras Koh Range
The Ras Koh Range: i  (popularised as Ras Koh Test Site: 270 ) is a granite mountain range located between the districts of Chagai and Kharan of Balochistan in Pakistan.: 53 : 183

The site was used by Pakistan to conduct testing of nuclear devices, and it covers mostly desert and mountainous terrain.: 183  Since 1998, only six nuclear testing took place when Pakistan put a unilateral moratorium on a full-scale testing.: 183

Chagai District
Chaghi District (Balochi: چاگۓ دمگ; Urdu: ضلع چاغی), also known as Chaghi District, is the largest district of Pakistan by area, located in the northwestern corner of the Balochistan province of Pakistan. The district shares its border with two countries: Afghanistan and Iran.