hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard Pennefather (Australian politician)
Richard William Pennefather (16 July 1851 – 16 January 1914) was the ninth Attorney-General of Western Australia, its third since responsible government. He served two terms as Member of the Legislative Assembly for Greenough; was Acting Justice of the WA Supreme Court (1901–1902); then was elected to the Legislative Council for North Province in 1908. He died in office on 16 January 1914.

Attorney-General of Western Australia
The Attorney-General of Western Australia is the member of the Government of Western Australia responsible for maintenance and improvement of Western Australia's system of law and justice.  Before the advent of representative government in 1870, the title was Advocate-General of Western Australia.  The Attorney-General must be a qualified legal practitioner. When there are none in the cabinet, a lay person is sometimes appointed to the office of Minister for Justice.

The current Attorney-General of Western Australia, since 19 March 2025, is Tony Buti who administers the portfolio through the Department of Justice and a range of other agencies.
Cruise ship pollution in Europe
Cruise ship pollution in Europe is a major part of the environmental impact of shipping. Most cruise ship companies operating in European exclusive economic zones (EEZs) are part of two corporations: Carnival Corporation & plc and the Royal Caribbean Group. In 2017, Carnival's cruise ships alone caused ten times more sulfur oxide (SOx) air pollution than all of Europe's cars (over 260 million) combined, as the ship fuel emits about 2,000 times more sulfur oxides than normal diesel fuel. All cruise ships together also accounted for 15% of the nitrogen oxide (NOx) particles emitted by all of Europe's passenger vehicles, and released large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), phosphorus (P4), soot, heavy metals, and other particulates into the atmosphere as well.

Carnival Corporation & plc
Carnival Corporation & plc is an Anglo-American cruise line operator that owns more than 90 vessels across eight brands.

A dual-listed company, Carnival is composed of the Panama-incorporated, U.S.-headquartered Carnival Corporation, and UK-based Carnival plc, which function as one entity. Carnival Corporation is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and Carnival plc on the London Stock Exchange with an ADR listing on the NYSE. Carnival is listed in the S&P 500 and FTSE 250 indices.

Carnival Corporation's operational headquarters are in Doral, Florida. Carnival plc's headquarters are in Southampton, England.
Hucknall
Hucknall (/ˈhʌknɔːl/) is a market town in the Ashfield district of Nottinghamshire, England, 7 miles (11 km) north of Nottingham, 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Kirkby-in-Ashfield, 9 miles (14 km) from Mansfield and 10 miles (16 km) south of Sutton-in-Ashfield.

Mansfield
Mansfield /ˈmænzfiːld/ is a market town and the administrative centre of the Mansfield District in Nottinghamshire, England. It is the largest town in the wider Mansfield Urban Area and the second largest settlement in Nottinghamshire (following the city of Nottingham). Henry III granted Mansfield the Royal Charter of a market town in 1227. The town lies in the Maun Valley, 12 miles (19 km) north of Nottingham. The district had a population of 110,500 at the 2021 census. Mansfield is the one local authority in Nottinghamshire with a publicly elected mayor, the Mayor of Mansfield. Mansfield in ancient times became the pre-eminent in importance amongst the towns of Sherwood Forest.
Black Panther (wrestler)
Dark Panther (born 1989) is the ring name of a Mexican luchador enmascarado (or masked professional wrestler), working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). He portrays a tecnico ("Good guy") wrestling character. His real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans. He is the son of Genaro Vazquez Nevarez, better known as Blue Panther, and is a brother of wrestler Blue Panther Jr. and Chachorro Lagunero. Initially wrestling in secret under the ring name Silver, he adopted his father's former ring name Cachorro (Spanish for "Cub") in 2014, which played off the Blue Panther name. He has since changed his ring on three more occasions: firstly to The Panther (2014–2018), secondly to Black Panther (2018–2021), and then to his current ring name in 2021.

Wrestling mask
A wrestling mask is a fabric-based mask that some professional wrestlers wear as part of their in-ring persona or gimmick. Professional wrestlers have been using masks as far back as 1915 and they are still widely used today, especially in Mexican lucha libre.
Sevoflurane
Sevoflurane, sold under the brand name Sevorane, among others, and informally known as sevo, is a sweet-smelling, nonflammable, highly fluorinated methyl isopropyl ether used as an inhalational anaesthetic for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. After desflurane, it is the volatile anesthetic with the fastest onset. While its offset may be faster than agents other than desflurane in a few circumstances, its offset is more often similar to that of the much older agent isoflurane. While sevoflurane is only half as soluble as isoflurane in blood, the tissue blood partition coefficients of isoflurane and sevoflurane are quite similar. For example, in the muscle group: isoflurane 2.62 vs. sevoflurane 2.57. In the fat group: isoflurane 52 vs. sevoflurane 50. As a result, the longer the case, the more similar will be the emergence times for sevoflurane and isoflurane.

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Isoflurane
Isoflurane, sold under the brand name Forane among others, is a halogenated ether used as a general anesthetic. It can be used to start or maintain anesthesia; however, other medications are often used to start anesthesia, due to airway irritation with isoflurane. Isoflurane is a inhalational anesthetic given via inhalation.

Isoflurane was approved for medical use in the United States in 1979. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Mark Ivanir
Mark Alexandrovich Ivanir (Russian: Марк Александрович Иванир; Ukrainian: Марк Олександрович Іванір; Hebrew: מארק איווניר) is a Soviet-born Israeli actor, known for his character roles on American film and television. Fluent in six languages, Ivanir's film credits include Schindler's List, Mr. & Mr. Smith, The Good Shepherd, The Terminal, Johny English Reborn, A Late Quartet, and Emilia Pérez. On Television, he has appeared on The Shield, 24, Alias, The Blacklist, and Mayor of Kingstown.

On stage, Ivanir co-founded Israel's acclaimed Gesher Theatre, which The London Times hailed as "one of the six best theatre companies in the world."

Gesher Theatre
Gesher Theatre is an Israeli theater company founded in 1991 in Tel Aviv by a group of actors from the former Soviet Union, led by Yevgeny Arye. The company stages performances in both Russian and Hebrew.
2017 Maltese general election
General elections were held in Malta on Saturday, 3 June 2017  to elect all members of the House of Representatives. The elections were contested by the Labour Party, led by Prime Minister Joseph Muscat, the Nationalist Party, led by opposition leader Simon Busuttil, and four other parties, making it the elections with most parties participating since 1962.

The Labour Party won a second term in government for the first time since 1976, receiving 55% of the vote, the highest share since 1955. Voter turnout was 92%, down 1pp from 2013.

1962 Maltese general election
General elections were held in Malta between 17 and 19 February 1962. The Nationalist Party emerged as the largest party, winning 25 of the 50 seats.

The Nationalist Party and four other pro-Catholic Church, self-declared anti-communist parties, formed an electoral pact against the Labour Party. This election is considered to be also the one to give the parties a mandate in favour of (or against) future Independence from the United Kingdom.
Wilcza Głowa coat of arms
Wilcza Głowa ("Wolf's Head") is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families of the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and later in the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Polish heraldry
Polish heraldry is the study of the coats of arms that have historically been used in Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It treats of specifically Polish heraldic traits and of the Polish heraldic system, contrasted with heraldic systems used elsewhere, notably in Western Europe. Due to the distinctive ways in which feudal societies evolved, Poland's heraldic traditions differ substantially from those of the modern-day German lands and France.

Polish heraldry is an integral part of the history of the Polish szlachta (nobility).
Podali Shankar Rajeshwar
Lieutenant General Podali Shankar Rajeshwar PVSM, AVSM, VSM, ADC is a former General officer in the Indian Army. He last served as the 14th Commander-in-Chief, Andaman and Nicobar Command, from December 2019 to May 2020. He took office on 1 December 2019 when Vice Admiral Bimal Verma retired. He superannuated on 31 May 2020, handing over command to Lieutenant General Manoj Pande. Earlier, he had served as the 12th Chief of Integrated Defence Staff, from November 2018 to November 2019.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
How Long (Paula Toledo song)
"How Long", also released as "How Long (Will It Take)", is a song recorded by the Canadian singer Paula Toledo around 2003, known for being considered a piece of lost media for 16 years. Initially, it was not released commercially, being only licensed to appear in the film Secret Lives and the TV series 15/Love in 2005. Two years later, a user posted online about a bootleg DVD that contained a snippet of "How Long", prompting a search for its origin that attracted the attention of the lostwave community. In December 2023, the origin of "How Long" was discovered, and Toledo released it as a single that same month in response. Musically, "How Long" has been compared to the Cranberries.

Lostwave
Lostwave is a term for music with little to no information available about its origins, including song titles, names of the musicians or bands who were involved, and recording and release dates. Lostwave songs have been the subject of online crowdsourced efforts to uncover their origins.
Substructure search
Substructure search (SSS) is a method to retrieve from a database only those chemicals matching a pattern of atoms and bonds which a user specifies. It is an application of graph theory, specifically subgraph matching in which the query is a hydrogen-depleted molecular graph. The mathematical foundations for the method were laid in the 1870s, when it was suggested that chemical structure drawings were equivalent to graphs with atoms as vertices and bonds as edges. SSS is now a standard part of cheminformatics and is widely used by pharmaceutical chemists in drug discovery.

There are many commercial systems that provide SSS, typically having a graphical user interface and chemical drawing software. Large publicly available databases like PubChem and ChemSpider can be searched this way, as can Wikipedia's articles describing individual chemicals.

Cheminformatics
Cheminformatics (also known as chemoinformatics) refers to the use of physical chemistry theory with computer and information science techniques—so called "in silico" techniques—in application to a range of descriptive and prescriptive problems in the field of chemistry, including in its applications to biology and related molecular fields. Such in silico techniques are used, for example, by pharmaceutical companies and in academic settings to aid and inform the process of drug discovery, for instance in the design of well-defined combinatorial libraries of synthetic compounds, or to assist in structure-based drug design. The methods can also be used in chemical and allied industries, and such fields as environmental science and pharmacology, where chemical processes are involved or studied.
Furcacaudidae
Furcacaudidae, the "'fork-tailed' agnathans," is an extinct family of thelodontid agnathans from the Lochkovian stage of the Early Devonian epoch and Wenlockian epoch of the Silurian, known from fossils found in Northern Canada. It is the type family of the order Furcacaudiformes, and itself currently includes 6 known species. It was officially described in 1998 by Mark V. H. Wilson and Michael W. Caldwell.

A study in 2009 published by Wilson and Tiiu Märss moved members of Furcacaudiformes (and by extension Furcacaudidae) into a more basal position based on a more up-to-date data matrix, suggesting the divergence of Furcacaudidae from other thelodonts occurred earlier than previously theorized.

Furcacaudiformes
Furcacaudiformes is an extinct order of jawless fish in the class Thelodonti.

Because the paucity of intact fossils, especially since some families are known entirely from scale fossils, taxonomy of thelodonts is based primarily on scale morphology. A 2009 assessment of thelodont taxonomy by Wilson and Märss merges the orders Loganelliiformes, Katoporiida and Shieliiformes into Thelodontiformes, places families Lanarkiidae and Nikoliviidae into Furcacaudiformes (because of scale morphology) and establishes Archipelepidiformes as the basal-most order.
The Essentials (Ice Cube album)
The Essentials is second greatest hits album by American rapper Ice Cube. It was released on September 16, 2008, via Priority Records, making it his fifth compilation for the label and overall.

Composed of 18 songs collected from all the Ice Cube's solo projects (from the 1990 debut AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted to the most recent at that time, 2008 Raw Footage), the compilation was produced by Frank Collura. It features hip hop production from the Boogiemen, Bud'da, Sir Jinx, The Bomb Squad, 88 X Unit, Chucky Thompson, DJ Muggs, D'Maq, Hallway Productionz, Laylaw, Lil' Jon, Loren Hill, Rich Nice, Scott Storch and Ice Cube himself, as well as guest appearances from WC, Das EFX, Kokane, Lil' Jon, Snoop Dogg and DJ Crazy Toones.

AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted
AmeriKKKa's Most Wanted is the debut studio album by American rapper Ice Cube, released on May 16, 1990, by Priority Records. It was his first solo album, after an acrimonious split from his former group N.W.A. Primarily produced by Public Enemy's production team the Bomb Squad, the album was a commercial success, peaking at 19 on the Billboard 200, and was certified platinum in the United States on June 23, 1990. It received widespread acclaim upon its release, and is regarded as a hip hop classic and one of the best albums of the 1990s.
Berets of the United States Army
The United States Army has used military berets as headgear with various uniforms beginning in World War II. Since June 14, 2001, a black beret is worn by all U.S. Army troops unless the soldier is approved to wear a different distinctive beret. A maroon beret has been adopted as official headdress by the Airborne forces, a tan beret by the 75th Ranger Regiment, a brown beret by the Security Force Assistance Brigades, and a green beret by the Special Forces.

In 2011, the Army replaced the black wool beret with the patrol cap as the default headgear for the Army Combat Uniform.

In 2019, the Army proposed the creation of a new grey beret for USASOC soldiers qualified in psychological operations (PSYOP), but has yet to receive its official approval. In the meantime, grey berets are only issued to Army Junior ROTC cadets.

Military beret
Troops began wearing berets as a part of the headgear of military uniforms in some European countries during the 19th century; since the mid-20th century, they have become a component of the uniforms of many armed forces throughout the world. Military berets are usually pushed to the right to free the shoulder that bears the rifle on most soldiers, but the armies of some countries, mostly within Europe, South America, and Asia, have influenced the push to the left (i.e. "French pull").

In many countries, berets have become associated with elite units, who often wear berets in specific colours. For instance, the maroon beret is mostly traditional headgear for airborne forces around the world, with a few exceptions—for example, the Russian Airborne Troops, who wear a sky-blue beret, and the Portuguese Paratroopers who wear a green beret.
Kenya Ports Authority
Kenya Ports Authority (KPA) is a state corporation with the responsibility to "maintain, operate, improve and regulate all scheduled seaports" on the Indian Ocean coastline of Kenya, including principally Kilindini Harbour at Mombasa.  Other KPA ports include Lamu, Malindi, Kilifi, Mtwapa, Kiunga, Shimoni, Funzi and Vanga.

Lamu
Lamu or Lamu Town is a small town on Lamu Island, which in turn is a part of the Lamu Archipelago in Kenya. Situated 341 kilometres (212 mi) by road northeast of Mombasa that ends at Mokowe Jetty, from where the sea channel has to be crossed to reach Lamu Island, it is the headquarter of Lamu County and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The town contains the Lamu Fort on the seafront, constructed under Fumo Madi ibn Abi Bakr, the Sultan of Pate, and was completed after his death in the early 1820s. Lamu is also home to 23 mosques, including the Riyadha Mosque, built in 1900, and a donkey sanctuary.
Interstate 225
Interstate 225 (I-225) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway in the U.S. state of Colorado. The freeway is a 11.959-mile-long (19.246 km) connector spur route of I-25 that acts as an eastern bypass in the Denver metropolitan area and serves Aurora. It also provides direct access to Denver International Airport for the Denver Tech Center and the southern suburbs of Denver. I-225 is one of the two existing auxiliary Interstate Highways in Colorado and it is the only auxiliary route of I-25. The route begins at I-25 in the Denver Tech Center and runs north to I-70 north of Aurora. It interchanges with State Highway 83 (SH 83), SH 30 and I-70 Business/US 40/US 287, known locally as Colfax Avenue. The freeway was first proposed in the 1950s along with the first Interstate Highways within Denver. Construction did not begin until 1964 at the I-70 interchange and proceeded south through Aurora until final completion in early 1976 with the final link to I-25 opening to traffic.

Colfax Avenue
Colfax Avenue is the main street that runs east–west through the Denver metropolitan area in Colorado. As U.S. Highway 40, it was one of two principal highways serving Denver before the Interstate Highway System was constructed. In the local street system, Colfax lies 15 blocks north of the zero meridian street of Ellsworth Avenue, and would thus it otherwise be known as 15th Avenue (Avenues north of Ellsworth are generally numbered numerically.) The street was named for former Vice President Schuyler Colfax. At just under 50 miles (80 kilometers) in length, it is known as the "longest continuous commercial street in the United States".
Ray Henault
General Raymond Roland Joseph Henault (born April 26, 1949) is a retired Canadian Air Force officer. He was the Chief of the Defence Staff of Canada from June 28, 2001 to June 17, 2005 and then Chairman of the NATO Military Committee from 2005 until 2008, when he retired.

Chief of the Defence Staff (Canada)
Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS; French: chef d'état-major de la Défense; CEMD) is the title of the professional head of the Canadian Armed Forces. As the senior military position, the CDS advises the Cabinet, particularly the minister of national defence and the prime minister. The position is a Crown-in-Council appointment made on the advice of the prime minister.
Lada West Togliatti
Lada West Togliatti (Russian: Лада Запад Тольятти, IPA: [ˈladə ˈzapət tɐlʲˈjætʲ(ː)ɪ]) is a Russian car manufacturer owned by AvtoVAZ. The company came from GM-AvtoVAZ, a joint venture between AvtoVAZ and General Motors.

GM-AvtoVAZ
GM-AvtoVAZ was a Russian joint venture between General Motors and AvtoVAZ set up in 2001. In 2002, it started producing the Chevrolet Niva, based on the Lada Niva, at its Tolyatti plant. Though both companies had an equal share of ownership, the venture was managed exclusively by General Motors. The venture ended in December 2019, after it was wholly acquired by AvtoVAZ.
Bilaspur–Tirupati Express
The 17481 / 17482 Bilaspur–Tirupati Express is an Express train belonging to South Coast Railway zone that runs between Bilaspur Junction and Tirupati in India. It is currently being operated with 17481/17482 train numbers on bi-weekly basis.

Tirupati railway station
Tirupati railway station (station code: TPTY) is a railway station located in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It serves Tirupati and experiences a regular flow of tourists visiting the Tirumala Venkateswara Temple in the Tirupati district. It is an environmentally friendly station, and has been awarded a Gold rating by the Indian Green Building Council. There are several railway stations that fall within the city limits of Tirupati, namely Tiruchanur, Renigunta Junction, Tirupati West Halt, and Chandragiri railway station.
BlackNurse
The BlackNurse attack is a form of denial of service attack based on ICMP flooding. The attack is special because a modest bandwidth of 20 Mbit/s can be effective for disrupting a victim's network.

The attack consists of sending ICMP Destination Unreachable packets to a destination. This works because these packets caused the destination to consume resources at a relatively high rate relative to the traffic.

Ping flood
A ping flood is a simple denial-of-service attack where the attacker overwhelms the victim with ICMP "echo request" (ping) packets. This is most effective by using the flood option of ping which sends ICMP packets as fast as possible without waiting for replies. Most implementations of ping require the user to be privileged in order to specify the flood option. It is most successful if the attacker has more bandwidth than the victim (for instance an attacker with a DSL line and the victim on a dial-up modem). The attacker hopes that the victim will respond with ICMP "echo reply" packets, thus consuming both outgoing bandwidth as well as incoming bandwidth. If the target system is slow enough, it is possible to consume enough of its CPU cycles for a user to notice a significant slowdown.

A ping flood can also be used as a diagnostic for network packet loss and throughput issues.
Andrew Micklefield
Andrew Micklefield is a Canadian provincial politician, formerly a member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba (MLA) for the riding of Rossmere.

A member of the provincial Progressive Conservative Party, Micklefield was first elected as MLA for Rossmere in the 2016 election, defeating NDP incumbent Erna Braun. On August 24, 2016, Micklefield was appointed as the Government House Leader by Premier Brian Pallister.

He was re-elected in the 2019 provincial election.

Brian Pallister
Brian William Pallister (born July 6, 1954) is a Canadian politician who served as the 22nd premier of Manitoba from 2016 until 2021. He served as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba from 2012 to 2021. He had been a cabinet minister in the provincial government of Gary Filmon and a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 2000 to 2008.