hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2012 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team
The 2012 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team represented Texas Tech University as member of the Big 12 Conference during the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by Tommy Tuberville in his third and final season as head coach the Red Raiders compiled an overall record of 8–5 with a mark 4–5 conference play, placing in a four-way tie for fifth place in Big 12. Texas Tech was invited to the Meineke Car Care Bowl of Texas, where they defeated Minnesota. The team played home games at Jones AT&T Stadium on the university's campus in Lubbock, Texas.

At the end of the regular season, Tuberville resigned to take the same position at Cincinnati. Offensive line coach Chris Thomsen served as interim head coach for the team's bowl game. Former Red Raider quarterback and Texas A&M offensive coordinator Kliff Kingsbury was hired as the new head coach for the 2013 season.

2012 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team
The 2012 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represented the University of Minnesota in the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season. They were led by second-year head coach Jerry Kill and played their home games at TCF Bank Stadium. They were a member of the Legends Division of the Big Ten Conference. They finished the season 6–7, 2–6 in Big Ten play to finish in a tie for fifth place in the Legends Division. They were invited to the Meineke Car Care Bowl of Texas where they were defeated by Texas Tech.
Dungey Cycle
The Dungey cycle, officially proposed by James Dungey in 1961, is a phenomenon that explains interactions between a planet's magnetosphere and solar wind. Dungey originally proposed a cyclic behavior of magnetic reconnection between Earth's magnetosphere and flux of solar wind. This reconnection explained previously observed dynamics within Earth's magnetosphere. The rate of reconnection in the beginning of the cycle is dependent on the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field as well as the resultant plasma conditions at the site of reconnection. On Earth, the reconnection cycle takes around 1 hour, but this differs from planet to planet.

Magnetosphere
In astronomy and planetary science, a magnetosphere is a region of space surrounding an astronomical object, such as a planet or other object, in which charged particles are affected by that object's magnetic field. It is created by a celestial body with an active interior dynamo.

In the space environment close to a planetary body with a dipole magnetic field such as Earth, the field lines resemble a simple magnetic dipole. Farther out, field lines can be significantly distorted by the flow of electrically conducting plasma, as emitted from the Sun (i.e., the solar wind) or a nearby star. Planets having active magnetospheres, like the Earth, are capable of mitigating or blocking the effects of solar radiation or cosmic radiation. Interactions of particles and atmospheres with magnetospheres are studied under the specialized scientific subjects of plasma physics, space physics, and aeronomy.
Persia, the Magic Fairy
Persia, the Magic Fairy (魔法の妖精 ペルシャ, Mahō no Yōsei Perusha) is a magical girl anime television series produced by Studio Pierrot which aired on Nippon Television from July 1984 to May 1985. It is an adaptation of the manga series by Takako Aonuma titled Persia ga Suki!. In addition to the TV series, two OVAs were released, and the main character, Persia, also appeared in two other Studio Pierrot special presentations. This was the second of five magical girl anime to be created by Studio Pierrot, and featured the character designs of Yoshiyuki Kishi, who did the character designs for Pierrot's next magical girl series Magical Emi, the Magic Star, is also credited as the series's character designer and animation director.

Magical Emi, the Magic Star
Magical Emi, the Magic Star (魔法のスターマジカルエミ, Mahō no Sutā Majikaru Emi) is a magical girl anime series by Studio Pierrot. It was simultaneously released as a manga by Kiyoko Arai. The third magical girl series created by Studio Pierrot, Magical Emi also appears in two feature-length OVAs, as well as the Adesugata Mahou no Sannin Musume and Majokko Club Yoningumi A-Kukan Kara no Alien X OVAs.
Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty
Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty included fire arrows, gunpowder lit flamethrowers, soft shell bombs, hard shell iron bombs, fire lances, and possibly early cannons known as "eruptors". The eruptors, such as the "multiple bullets magazine eruptors" (bǎi-zi lián zhū pào, 百子連珠炮), consisting of a tube of bronze or cast iron that was filled with about 100 lead balls, and the "flying-cloud thunderclap eruptor" (fēi yún pī-lì pào, 飛雲霹靂炮), were early cast-iron proto-cannons that did not include single shots that occluded the barrel (thus called "co-viative" weapons). The use of proto-cannon, and other gunpowder weapons, enabled the Song dynasty to ward off its generally militarily superior enemies—the Khitan led Liao, Tangut led Western Xia, and Jurchen led Jin—until its final collapse under the onslaught of the Mongol forces of Kublai Khan and his Yuan dynasty in the late 13th century.

Fire lance
The fire lance (simplified Chinese: 火枪; traditional Chinese: 火槍; pinyin: huǒqiāng; lit. 'fire spear') was a gunpowder weapon used by lighting it on fire, and is the ancestor of modern firearms. It first appeared in 10th–12th century China and was used to great effect during the Jin-Song Wars. It began as a small pyrotechnic device attached to a polearm weapon, used to gain a shock advantage at the start of a melee. As gunpowder improved, the explosive discharge was increased, and debris or pellets added, giving it some of the effects of a combination modern flamethrower and shotgun, but with a very short range (about 3 meters or 10 feet), and only one shot (although some were designed for two shots). By the late 13th century, fire lance barrels had transitioned to metal material to better withstand the explosive blast, and the lance-point was discarded in favor of relying solely on the gunpowder blast. These became the first hand cannons.
1970 NCAA College Division football season
The 1970 NCAA College Division football season was the 15th season of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the NCAA College Division level.

NCAA College Division
The NCAA College Division was a historic subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) consisting of member schools competing at a lower level of college sports. The NCAA initially divided schools into a College Division and a University Division. The College Division was split into two smaller groups in 1973 with the creation of NCAA Division II, which allows its members to award limited athletic scholarships, and Division III, which prohibits athletic scholarships.

The College Division began for purposes of college basketball. In August 1956, NCAA executive director Walter Byers announced that, starting in 1957, the NCAA would hold separate basketball tournaments for major schools and smaller colleges. Approximately 156 major schools competing in the "University Division" would compete for 24 spots in the University Division tournament, while 285 smaller schools in the "College Division" would compete for 32 spots in a separate tournament.
Ascott-under-Wychwood
Ascott-under-Wychwood is a village and civil parish in the West Oxfordshire district, in Oxfordshire, England, in the Evenlode valley about 4.5 miles (7 km) south of Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 560.

Chipping Norton
Chipping Norton is a market town and civil parish in the Cotswolds in the West Oxfordshire district of Oxfordshire, England, about 12 miles (19 km) south-west of Banbury and 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Oxford. The 2011 Census recorded the civil parish population as 5,719. It was estimated at 6,254 in 2019.
2011 New Hampshire Wildcats football team
The 2011 New Hampshire Wildcats football team represented the University of New Hampshire in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Wildcats were led by 13th-year head coach Sean McDonnell and played their home games at Cowell Stadium. They are a member of the Colonial Athletic Association. They finished the season 8–4, 6–2 in CAA play to finish in a three-way tie for second place. They received an at-large bid into the FCS playoffs where they lost in the second round to Montana State.

2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season
The 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season, part of college football in the United States, was organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level. The season began on September 1, 2011, and concluded with the 2012 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game on January 7, 2012, at Pizza Hut Park in Frisco, Texas. North Dakota State won their first FCS championship, defeating Sam Houston State by a final score of 17–6.
Rolands Freimanis
Rolands Freimanis (born 21 January 1988) is a Latvian professional basketball player who plays for the Rīgas Zeļļi of the Latvian-Estonian Basketball League. He plays at the power forward and center positions.

2015–16 KML season
The 2015–16 Korvpalli Meistriliiga season (also known as the Alexela Korvpalli Meistriliiga for sponsorship reasons) was the 91st season of top-tier basketball in Estonia. TÜ/Rock came into the season as defending champions of the 2014–15 KML season.

The season began on 7 October 2015 and concluded on 27 May 2016 with Kalev/Cramo defeating TÜ/Rock 4 games to 1 in the 2016 KML Finals to win their 8th Estonian Championship.
Nala dynasty
The Nalas were an Indian dynasty that ruled parts of present-day Chhattisgarh and Odisha during the 6th century CE. Their core territory included the areas around Bastar and Koraput districts. Their capital was probably Pushkari (IAST: Puṣkarī), identified with the modern Garhdhanora in Bastar district. At one point, they seem to have conquered the Vakataka capital Nandivardhana in the Vidarbha region, but suffered reverses against the Vakatakas as well as the Chalukyas. Sharabhapuriyas, their northern neighbours, also seem to have played a part in their downfall. They were probably supplanted by the Panduvamshi dynasty, although one branch of the dynasty seems to have ruled a small territory until the 7th or 8th century CE.

Sharabhapuriya dynasty
The Sharabhapuriya (IAST: Śarabhapurīya) dynasty ruled parts of present-day Chhattisgarh and Odisha in India, during 5th and 6th centuries. The dynasty probably served as Gupta vassals in their early days, but became practically independent as the Gupta empire declined. The Sharabhapuriyas were succeeded by the Panduvamshis. The dynasty is known mainly from its copper-plate inscriptions, and a few coins.
Alexander J. Kravtsov
Alexander J. Kravtsov  (Russian: Алекса́ндр Я́ковлевич Кравцов [Aleksandr Yakovlevich Kravtsov], October 11, 1893 – 1920)  was a Russian Imperial Army Yesaul during the First World War and a Commander of the Northern Group of the Orenburg Independent Army in the White movement during the Ataman Alexander Dutovs revolt against the Soviet authorities in Orenburg in 1918. He was also one of the Orenburg Army officers who participated in the march across the Turgaj steppe.

Alexander Dutov
Alexander Ilyich Dutov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ильи́ч Ду́тов; 17 August [O.S. 5] 1879 – 7 February 1921) was a Russian Cossack ataman and lieutenant general who led the Orenburg Cossacks in a revolt against the Bolsheviks.
2019 Overwatch League season
The 2019 Overwatch League season was the second season of the Overwatch League (OWL), an esport based on the video game Overwatch. The league expanded from 12 teams from the inaugural season to 20 teams. Of the eight new teams, two were from the United States, two were from Canada, one was from France, and three were from China.

The season began on February 14, 2019, and ended on August 25. Postseason play began in late August. The San Francisco Shock won the Grand Finals over the Vancouver Titans to become the league champions.

Atlanta Reign
The Atlanta Reign were an American professional Overwatch esports team based in Atlanta, Georgia. The team competed in the Overwatch League (OWL) as a member of the league's West region. Founded in 2018 by Atlanta Esports Ventures, a joint venture between Cox Enterprises and Province, Inc., Atlanta Reign was established as one of the expansion teams for the OWL's 2019 season. They became the first esports team to officially represent the city of Atlanta. The team's ownership also extended to ATL Academy, a former academy team that competed in Overwatch Contenders, the developmental league for the Overwatch League.

From their debut in the 2019 season until 2023, the Reign were led by head coach Brad "Sephy" Rajani. The team reached the season playoffs in every season of their existence. Their best season came in 2021 when they advanced to the Grand Finals, the championship event of the Overwatch League. However, the Reign fell short in the Grand Finals, losing to the Shanghai Dragons.
1989 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1989 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season. Playing as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC), the team was led by head coach Johnny Majors, in his 13th year, and played their home games at Neyland Stadium in Knoxville, Tennessee. They finished the season with a record of eleven wins and one loss (11–1 overall, 6–1 in the SEC), as SEC co-champion, and with a victory over Arkansas in the Cotton Bowl Classic. The Volunteers offense scored 346 points while the defense allowed 217 points.

1989 NCAA Division I-A football season
The 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season ended with Miami winning its third National Championship during the 1980s, cementing its claim as the decade's top team, winning more titles than any other program.

Notre Dame signed a six-year, $30 million deal with NBC, granting the network the exclusive rights to broadcast Notre Dame football. However, the deal would not start until 1991.

Florida State began 0–2 but finished the season 10–2, having beaten the National Champions Miami earlier in the season and beating Nebraska in the Fiesta Bowl.

Oklahoma coach Barry Switzer resigned June 19 after 16 seasons, during which he led the Sooners to three national championships (1974, 1975, 1985).

Michigan coach Bo Schembechler retired following the season. Steve Spurrier was hired by Florida away from Duke in an effort to clean up after a decade of NCAA sanctions.

Houston quarterback Andre Ware ran the run and shoot offense all the way to the Heisman Trophy and numerous records.
1996 Idaho Vandals football team
The 1996 Idaho Vandals football team represented the University of Idaho in the 1996 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Vandals, led by second-year head coach Chris Tormey, were members of the Big West Conference and played their home games at the Kibbie Dome, an indoor facility on campus in Moscow, Idaho. Idaho was 6–5 overall and 3–2 in conference play.

Idaho's home winning streak in the Kibbie Dome extended to seventeen games this season, winning all five home games, but they had only one road victory. That was over rival Boise State in the season finale in Boise, the fourteenth win over the Broncos in the last fifteen seasons.

With the move up to Division I-A this season, Idaho changed its uniforms' shade of gold from yellow to metallic.

University of Idaho
The University of Idaho (U of I, or UIdaho) is a public land-grant research university in Moscow, Idaho, United States. Established 137 years ago in 1889 and opened three years later, it was the state's sole university for 71 years, until 1963.

The university comprises ten undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools. It enrolls approximately 12,000 students across its campuses, with 11,000 on the Moscow campus. The university is classified among "Research 1: Very High Spending and Doctorate Production".

Located on the rural Palouse, the university is represented in intercollegiate athletics by the Idaho Vandals, who compete in NCAA Division I, primarily in the Big Sky Conference. In addition to the main campus in Moscow, the U of I has branch campuses in Coeur d'Alene, Boise, and Idaho Falls; it also operates a research park in Post Falls, and dozens of extension offices statewide.
K-181 (Kansas highway)
K-181 is a 70.2-mile-long (113.0 km) north–south state highway which runs through several counties in the north central part of the U.S. state of Kansas. K-181's southern terminus is at K-232 southeast of Lucas by Wilson Lake Dam, and the northern terminus is at U.S. Highway 36 (US-36) and US-281 south of Lebanon. Along the way the highway intersects US-24 and K-9 in Downs.

Before state highways were numbered in Kansas, the section of K-181 from the Solomon River north to Downs was part of the Roosevelt National Highway and Kansas White Way auto trails. A short section from Sylvan Grove southward was part of the Sunflower Trail. When K-181 was first designated on January 7, 1937, it extended from US-24 northward to US-36 and US-281. Then between 1948 and 1972, it was gradually extended southward to its current alignment.

K-232 (Kansas highway)
K-232 is a 17.263-mile-long (27.782 km) north–south state highway in central Kansas connecting the cities of Wilson and Lucas. The highway was first established in 1961 and expanded over the following two years. K-232 is designated by the Kansas Department of Transportation as the Post Rock Scenic Byway. The scenic byway derives its name from the abundant Fencepost limestone, also known as the Post Rock, which early settlers used as fence posts and in other construction in place of wood.  The route was designated as a scenic byway both for the natural beauty of the area and unique towns located each end of the highway. Annual average daily traffic on the highway ranges from 238 to 340, and the entire route is paved with partial design bituminous pavement.
Ioannis Apakas
Ιoannis Apakas (Greek: Ιωάννης Απακάς; mid 1500s – early 1600s), also known as Johann Apakass, was a Greek painter and priest, active in the later 16th and early 17th centuries. The Italo-Byzantine style of his first paintings evolved under the influence of more refined works by Cretan school and Venetian artists. In his maturity, Apakas showed stylistic affinities with Michael Damaskinos, Georgios Klontzas, Victor of Crete and Leos and Elias Moskos.

Apakas was a popular artist in his day. Ten of his paintings have survived, and are featured in public foundations, private collections, churches and monasteries, mostly in Greece. His most notable work is Ignatius of Antioch, whose lions were emulated by many subsequent Cretan School artists.

Leos Moskos
Leo or Leos Moskos (Greek: Λέος Μόσκος, 1620/30 – 1690) was a painter and educator. There were two other painters named Moskos active around the same period, Elias Moskos and Ioannis Moskos, who may have been his relatives. Indeed, Leo is often confused with Elias Moskos.  Some of his work was inspired by Georgios Klontzas and Franghias Kavertzas.  He traveled all over the Venetian Empire.  Records indicate he traveled to Venice, Cephalonia, and Zakynthos  His style resembled the Cretan school.  He taught famous painter Panagiotis Doxaras.  His most popular work is the Last Judgment.  His paintings can be found all over the world.  Twenty of his paintings have survived.
Robert E. Rich Sr.
Robert E. Rich Sr. (July 7, 1913 – February 15, 2006) was a food processing pioneer and executive. During World War II, he invented the first non-dairy whipped topping made from soybeans that could be frozen.

Born in Buffalo, New York, he founded Rich Products in 1945, which had sales of $2.5 billion on more than 2,300 products in 2005, the year before he died at age 92 in Palm Beach, Florida. His son, Robert Jr., inherited the company and is the owner of the Buffalo Bisons minor league baseball team.

Robert E. Rich Jr.
Robert E. Rich Jr. (born January 25, 1941), also known as Bob Rich, is an American businessman, philanthropist and writer. He is chairman and majority owner of Rich Products (Rich's), a food processing company headquartered in Buffalo, New York.
2021 West Florida Argonauts football team
The 2021 West Florida Argonauts football team represented the University of West Florida as a member of the Gulf South Conference (GSC) during the 2021 NCAA Division II football season. They were led by sixth-year head coach Pete Shinnick. The Argonauts played their home games at Admiral Fetterman Field in Pensacola, Florida.

2021 NCAA Division II football season
The 2021 NCAA Division II football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level, began on August 28 and ended December 18 with the Division II championship at the McKinney Independent School District Stadium in McKinney, Texas. Ferris State defeated Valdosta State, 58–17, for the title.
Thanh Trì Bridge
The Thanh Trì Bridge (Vietnamese: Cầu Thanh Trì) (completed 2008) is a bridge across the Red River in Hanoi, Vietnam. It was one of the Millennial Anniversary of Hanoi commemorative projects along with the Vĩnh Tuy Bridge.
At 3,084m it is one of the longest bridges in Asia. It is part of the North-South expressway, and is the largest prestressed concrete bridge in Vietnam.

Millennial Anniversary of Hanoi
The Millennial Anniversary of Hanoi (Vietnamese: Đại lễ 1000 năm Thăng Long – Hà Nội) was celebrated from 1 to 10 October 2010, the 1,000th anniversary of the foundation of the capital Thăng Long by the emperor Lý Thái Tổ. Many events were held in 2009 and 2010 to commemorate the anniversary, including cultural and traditional festivals as well as inaugurations of major projects in Hanoi.
Mecodema atuanui
Mecodema atuanui was described from a single male specimen collected in pitfall traps on Mount Auckland (Atuanui), Kaipara Region. It is a medium-length ground beetle that is related to Mecodema spiniferum, the only large-lengthed ground beetle species found in the Waitākere Ranges, Auckland, rather than the more geographically close species (M. dunnorum) to the east in Puhoi.

Mecodema
Mecodema is a genus of large flightless ground beetle (Carabidae) endemic to New Zealand. The genus is very diverse in comparison to the other three New Zealand genera (Diglymma, Oregus, Orthoglymma) within the subtribe Nothobroscina (tribe Broscini). Mecodema is geographically widespread across both the North and South Islands, as well as numerous offshore islands, including the Three Kings Is., Poor Knights Is., Aotea (Great Barrier Is.) and Hauturu (Little Barrier Is.), Kapiti Is., Stephens Is., Stewart Is., Chatham Is., Snares Is.
2020 Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football team
The 2020 Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football team represented the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa in the 2020 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Rainbow Warriors played their final home games at Aloha Stadium in Honolulu as members of the Mountain West Conference. They were led by first-year head coach Todd Graham.

On August 10, 2020, the Mountain West Conference suspended all fall sports competitions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This decision was later reversed on September 24, with all 12 teams playing an eight-game, conference-only schedule starting on October 24.

The Rainbow Warriors ended their season with a winning record for the third year in a row, also claiming the New Mexico Bowl over Houston. Graham also became the first Hawaii coach since Bob Wagner in 1987 to win his debut; the last five had lost their debuts, all by 20 points or more.

Todd Graham
Michael Todd Graham (born December 5, 1964) is an American college football coach and former player who serves as an offensive analyst for Texas Christian University (TCU). He was previously the head football coach at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.