hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Organosolv
In industrial paper-making processes, organosolv is a pulping technique that uses an organic solvent to solubilise lignin and hemicellulose. It has been considered in the context of both pulp and paper manufacture and biorefining for subsequent conversion of cellulose to fuel ethanol. The process was invented by Theodor Kleinert in 1968 as an environmentally benign alternative to kraft pulping.

Organosolv has several advantages when compared to other popular methods such as kraft or sulfite pulping. In particular, the ability to obtain relatively high quality lignin adds value to a process stream otherwise considered as waste. Organosolv solvents are easily recovered by distillation, leading to less water pollution and elimination of the odour usually associated with kraft pulping.

Kraft process
The kraft process (also known as kraft pulping or sulfate process) is a process for conversion of wood into wood pulp, which consists of almost pure cellulose fibres, the main component of paper. The kraft process involves treatment of wood chips with a hot mixture of water, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and sodium sulfide (Na2S), known as white liquor, that breaks the bonds that link lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose.  The technology entails several steps, both mechanical and chemical.  It is the dominant method for producing paper.  In some situations, the process has been controversial because kraft plants can release odorous products and in some situations produce substantial liquid wastes.

The process name is derived from the German word Kraft, meaning 'strength' in this context, due to the strength of the kraft paper produced using this process.
2018 Armed Forces Bowl
The 2018 Armed Forces Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 22, 2018. It was the 16th edition of the Armed Forces Bowl, and one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. The game was officially named the Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl after its corporate sponsor Lockheed Martin. On December 18, it was announced that the game had officially sold out of tickets, the first such sellout in the Armed Forces Bowl's 16-year history.

Army's 70–14 victory tied the then largest margin of victory in a bowl game, 56, set by Tulsa in the 2008 GMAC Bowl when they defeated Bowling Green 63–7. Army's 70 points tied the record for most points in an FBS bowl game, set by West Virginia in the 2012 Orange Bowl, when they defeated Clemson 70–33. The then-tied record of largest margin of victory in a bowl game would go on to be broken in the 2023 National Championship game, where Georgia would defeat TCU by a final score of 65–7.

2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season
The 2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season  was the 149th season of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at its highest level of competition, the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS). The regular season began on August 25, 2018, and ended on December 8, 2018. The postseason began on December 15, and aside from any all-star games that were scheduled, concluded on January 7, 2019, with the 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California. The Clemson Tigers won the title game over the Alabama Crimson Tide, the school's third national title and second in three years, and also becoming the first team since the 1897 Penn Quakers to have a perfect 15-0 season.
Howard Jones (American football coach)
Howard Harding Jones (August 23, 1885 – July 27, 1941) was an American football player and coach who served as the head coach at Syracuse University (1908), Yale University (1909, 1913), Ohio State University (1910), the University of Iowa (1916–1923), Duke University (1924) and the University of Southern California (1925–1940), compiling a career record of 194–64–21. His 1909 Yale team, 1921 Iowa team, and four of his USC teams (1928, 1931, 1932, 1939) won national championships. Jones coached USC in five Rose Bowls, winning all of them. Before coaching, Jones played football at Yale (1905–1907), where he played on three national title-winning teams. He was a member of the inaugural class of inductees into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1951; his younger brother, Tad, joined him as a member in 1958.

1909 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 1909 Yale Bulldogs football team was an American football team that represented Yale University as an independent during the 1909 college football season. The team finished with a 10–0 record, shut out every opponent, and outscored them by a total of 209 to 0. Howard Jones was the team's head coach, and Ted Coy was the team captain.

There was no contemporaneous system in 1909 for determining a national champion. However, Yale was retroactively named as the national champion by the Billingsley Report, Helms Athletic Foundation, Houlgate System, National Championship Foundation, and Parke H. Davis.

Six Yale players were selected as consensus first-team players on the 1909 All-America team. The team's consensus All-Americans were: fullback Ted Coy; halfback Stephen Philbin; end John Kilpatrick; center Carroll Cooney; guard Hamlin Andrus; and tackle Henry Hobbs.
2004 Arizona State Sun Devils football team
The 2004 Arizona State Sun Devils football team represented Arizona State University as a member of the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) during the 2004 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Dirk Koetter, the Sun Devils compiled an overall record of 9–3 with a mark of 5–3 in conference play, tying for third place in the Pac-10. Arizona State was invited to the Sun Bowl, where the Sun Devils defeated Purdue. The team played home games at Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe, Arizona.

2004 Purdue Boilermakers football team
The 2004 Purdue Boilermakers football team represented Purdue University during the 2004 NCAA Division I-A football season.  The team was coached by Joe Tiller and played its home games at Ross–Ade Stadium.  Purdue played twelve games in the 2004 season, finishing with a 7–5 record and a loss in the Sun Bowl to Arizona State. The season was Kyle Orton's senior year at Purdue.
Real Audiencia of Cusco
The Real Audiencia of Cusco was the highest court of the Spanish Crown in the Cusco region of the Viceroyalty of Peru between 1787 and 1825. Prior to the creation of this Real Audiencia, jurisdiction over this territory was divided between the Audiencias of Charcas and Lima.

Real Audiencia of Charcas
The Real Audiencia of Charcas (Spanish: Audiencia y Cancillería Real de La Plata de los Charcas) was a Spanish audiencia with its seat in what is today Bolivia. It was established in 1559 in Ciudad de la Plata de Nuevo Toledo (later Charcas, modern-day Sucre) and had jurisdiction over the Governorate of Charcas (es), Paraguay and the Governorate of the Río de la Plata (now Uruguay and northern Argentina). The audiencia oversaw the incredible silver output of the mines at Potosí. It was part of the Viceroyalty of Peru until 1776, when it was transferred to the newly created Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata and began to be referred to as Upper Peru.
Muehrcke's nails
Muehrcke's nails or Muehrcke's lines (apparent leukonychia striata) are changes in the fingernail that may be a sign of an underlying medical condition. The term refers to a set of one or more pale transverse bands extending all the way across the nail, parallel to the lunula. In contrast to Beau's lines, they are not grooved (no 3-dimensional deformity), and in contrast to Mees' lines, the thumb is usually not involved.

Muehrcke's lines are a strong indicator of hypoalbuminemia, which can result from a variety of different causes.

The lines are actually in the vascular bed underneath the nail plate. As such, they do not move with nail growth, and disappear when pressure is applied to the nail (blanching the underlying nail bed): this distinguishes them from "true leukonychia striata" such as Mees' lines. As in Terry's and half-and-half nails, the pattern is thought to be formed by bands of localized edema exerting pressure on the surrounding capillaries.

Half and half nail
Half and half nails (also known as "Lindsay's nails") show the proximal portion of the nail white and the distal half red, pink, or brown, with a sharp line of demarcation between the two halves.: 785  The darker distal discoloration does not fade on pressure, which differentiates Lindsay's nails from Terry's nails. The discoloration is thought to be due to β-melanocyte–stimulating hormone. Seventy percent of hemodialysis patients and 56% of renal transplant patients have at least one type of nail abnormality.  Absence of lunula, splinter hemorrhage, and half and half nails were significantly more common in hemodialysis patients, while leukonychia was significantly more common in transplant patients.: 785 : 659
1960 Dallas Texans season
The 1960 Dallas Texans season was the inaugural season of the American Football League and the Texans, who would later be renamed the Kansas City Chiefs. They were coached by Hank Stram and played their games at the Cotton Bowl. The Texans finished the season with a 8–6 record and were in second place in the AFL's Western Conference.

The Texans conducted their inaugural training camp at the New Mexico Military Institute in Roswell, New Mexico.

The Texans' quarterback was Cotton Davidson. Running back Abner Haynes led the league with 875 rushing yards and nine touchdowns, as well as combined net yards (2,100) and punt return average (15.4).

The Texans would earn their first win in franchise history in week 2 over the Oakland Raiders, who would eventually become the team's biggest rival.

Abner Haynes
Abner Haynes (September 19, 1937 – July 18, 2024) was an American professional football player who was a halfback and return specialist in the American Football League (AFL). He played college football for the North Texas State Eagles and was selected by the Oakland Raiders in the 1960 AFL draft. He was also chosen by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the fifth round of the 1960 NFL draft. Chosen by the Raiders in the draft but signing with the Dallas Texans, Haynes excelled in the AFL, scoring 46 rushing touchdowns in eight seasons while winning league MVP honors in 1960. His 46 rushing touchdowns was the most by a player in AFL history.
2018–19 Washington Huskies men's basketball team
The 2018–19 Washington Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Washington in the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Huskies, led by second-year head coach Mike Hopkins, played their home games at Alaska Airlines Arena at Hec Edmundson Pavilion in Seattle, Washington as members of the Pac-12 Conference. They finished the season 27–9, 15–3 in Pac-12 play to win the regular season championship. They advanced to the championship game of the Pac-12 tournament where they lost to Oregon. They received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament where, as a No. 9 seed, they defeated No. 8 seed Utah State in the First Round before losing to No. 1 seed North Carolina in the second round.

Jaylen Nowell
Jaylen Clinton Andrew Nowell (born July 9, 1999) is an American professional basketball player for the Gigantes de Carolina of the Baloncesto Superior Nacional (BSN). He played college basketball for the Washington Huskies of the Pac-12 Conference, and was named the conference's player of the year in 2019. He was selected by the Minnesota Timberwolves in the second round of the 2019 NBA draft.
Tonto Apache Tribe of Arizona
The Tonto Apache Tribe of Arizona is a federally recognized tribe of Tonto Apache, a band of Western Apache. The tribe governs the Tonto Apache Reservation located in northwestern Gila County, Arizona.

They speak the Tonto Apache dialect of the Western Apache language, a member of Southern Athabaskan language family. Other Tonto Apache are enrolled in the Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation, and other Western Apache are enrolled in the San Carlos Apache Tribe of the San Carlos Reservation and the White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation.

San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation
The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation (Western Apache: Tsékʼáádn), in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1872 as a reservation for the Chiricahua Apache tribe as well as surrounding Yavapai and Apache bands removed from their original homelands under a strategy devised by General George Crook of setting the various Apache tribes against one another. Once nicknamed "Hell's Forty Acres" during the late 19th century due to poor health and environmental conditions, modern San Carlos Apaches operate a Chamber of Commerce, the Apache Gold and Apache Sky Casinos, a Language Preservation program, a Culture Center, and a Tribal College.
1924 Paul Quinn Tigers football team
The 1924 Paul Quinn Tigers football team was an American football team that represented Paul Quinn College in the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) during the 1924 college football season. In their second season under head coach Harry Long, the team compiled a 6–0–3 record. The 1924 Paul Quinn team was recognized as the black college national champion. The team played its home games at Jackson Field in Waco, Texas.

Paul Quinn College
Paul Quinn College (PQC) is a private historically black Methodist college in Dallas, Texas. The college is affiliated with the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME).  It is the oldest historically black college west of the Mississippi River and the nation's first urban work college.

Paul Quinn is home to the WE over ME Farm, which was created through a partnership with PepsiCo to bring healthy food to the food desert of Dallas.
2019 Dartmouth Big Green football team
The 2019 Dartmouth Big Green football team represented Dartmouth College in the 2019 NCAA Division I FCS football season as a member of the Ivy League. The Big Green were led by head coach Buddy Teevens in his 15th straight year and 20th overall. They played their home games at Memorial Field. They finished the season 9–1 overall and 6–1 in Ivy League play share of the Ivy League title with Yale. Dartmouth averaged 8,378 fans per game.

2019 NCAA Division I FCS football season
The 2019 NCAA Division I FCS football season, part of college football in the United States, was organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level.  The FCS Championship Game was played on January 11, 2020, in Frisco, Texas. Defending champion North Dakota State completed the regular season undefeated, then won their eighth championship in nine seasons, defeating James Madison, 28-20, for the title.

All FCS teams were allowed to schedule 12 regular season games in the 2019 season. A standard provision of NCAA bylaws allows for 12 regular season games during years having 14 Saturdays in the period starting with the Labor Day (first Monday in September) weekend and ending with the last Saturday of November. This next occurred in 2024.
Barrancas metro station
Barrancas is an underground metro station on Line 5 of the Santiago Metro network in Santiago, Chile. It is located underneath the junction of Teniente Cruz Avenue and General Bonilla Avenue on the border of the communes of Pudahuel and Lo Prado, between Laguna Sur station (1140 meters away) and Pudahuel station (990 meters away). It also lies parallel to the Route 68 highway which connects Santiago with Valparaíso and Viña del Mar, and the highway crosses over the underground metro line. The station has disabled access.

The station was opened on 3 February 2011 as part of the extension of the line from Pudahuel to Plaza de Maipú.

Pudahuel metro station
Pudahuel is a rapid transit station on the Line 5. It is located underneath the junction of San Pablo Avenue and Teniente Cruz Avenue, underneath the border of Pudahuel and Lo Prado.

The station was opened on January 12, 2010 by president Michelle Bachelet, as part of the lLine's extension from Quinta Normal to Pudahuel, and was the Line's western terminus until 3 February 2011 when the line was extended southwest towards Plaza de Maipú.

In the surrounding area can be found the Pudahuel municipality building, a supermarket, a share taxis stop and several bus stops.

After Pudahuel, Line 5 makes an abrupt turn to the southwest towards Maipú, right under the commune hall. This bend can be seen from the platform (see the photo gallery).
2014 Seanad by-election
A by-election was held for a vacancy in the Cultural and Educational Panel of Seanad Éireann on 20 October 2014. The vacancy was caused by the election of Fine Gael's Deirdre Clune to the European Parliament. It was won by Independent candidate Gerard Craughwell.

2014 European Parliament election in Ireland
The 2014 European Parliament election in Ireland was the Irish component of the 2014 European Parliament election and was held on Friday, 23 May 2014, on the same day as the 2014 local elections and two by-elections (Dublin West and Longford–Westmeath). The election was conducted under the single transferable vote. Counting of the votes began on Sunday, 25 May and continued until Tuesday, 27 May.
Caramilk
Caramilk is a brand name used for two distinct chocolate bar products made by Cadbury. The Canadian version of Caramilk is a milk chocolate bar filled with caramel and it was introduced in 1938. In Australia (also available in New Zealand, the UK and Ireland) the Caramilk brand is used for a caramelised white chocolate bar.

Similar chocolate bars to the Canadian version of Caramilk are marketed as Cadbury Caramello in the United States, as Cadbury Dairy Milk Caramello in Australia and New Zealand, and as Cadbury Dairy Milk Caramel in the UK.

Cadbury Dairy Milk
Cadbury Dairy Milk is a British brand of milk chocolate manufactured by Cadbury since 1905. Every product in the Dairy Milk line is made exclusively with milk chocolate. In 1928, Cadbury introduced the "glass and a half" slogan to accompany the Dairy Milk chocolate bar to advertise the bar's higher milk content.

The bar was developed by George Cadbury Jr, and by 1914 had become the company's best-selling product. A century on it has retained its position as a market leader in Britain where it was ranked the best-selling chocolate bar in 2014. Dairy Milk is available in countries including China, India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Bangladesh, as well as in the United States where it is manufactured and distributed by the Hershey Company under licence from Cadbury, with a recipe that differs from the original.
2014 LSU Tigers football team
The 2014 LSU Tigers football team represented Louisiana State University as a member of the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) during the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by tenth-year head coach Les Miles, the Tigers finished the season with an overall record of 8–5 and mark of 4–4 in conference play, tying for fourth place in the SEC's Western Division. LSU was invited to the Music City Bowl, where the Tigers lost to Notre Dame. The team played home games Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

In 2023, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) vacated all of LSU's wins from the 2012 through 2015 seasons due to an ineligible player.

2014 Music City Bowl
The 2014 Music City Bowl was an American college football bowl game played on December 30, 2014 at LP Field in Nashville, Tennessee.  The 17th edition of the Music City Bowl began at approximately 2:00 p.m. CST and was broadcast nationally by ESPN.  It featured the Notre Dame Fighting Irish, and the LSU Tigers from the SEC.  It was one of the final 2014-15 bowl games of the 2014 FBS football season. The game was sponsored by the Franklin American Mortgage Company and is officially known as the Franklin American Mortgage Music City Bowl. Notre Dame defeated Louisiana State by a final score of 31–28.
Kutchery Road metro station
Kutchery Road is an upcoming underground metro station on the East-West Corridor of the Yellow Line of Chennai Metro in Chennai, India. This metro station will be among the 30 stations of Corridor IV and 12 underground stations along Corridor IV of the Chennai Metro, Poonamallee Bypass–Lighthouse stretch. This metro station is slated to be commercialized on December  2027.

Lighthouse metro station
Lighthouse Metro station is a Metro railway station under construction in Yellow Line of the Chennai Metro Phase-2. The station is one among the 30 stations along Line 4 of the Chennai Metro and one of the 12 underground stations in that corridor. It is the terminal station for the stretch between Lighthouse and Poonamallee Bypass. The station will serve the neighbourhoods of Triplicane, Mylapore, and Santhome.
2000–01 IBLA Australia season
The 2000–01 IBLA Australia season was the first season for the team. The team played in the one and only season of the International Baseball League of Australia's Development League, All games were held on the Gold Coast at Palm Meadows with some showcase games played at Carrara Oval.

The team was made up of then current players on the Australia national baseball team. The team was coached by former Australian Baseball League player/coach of the Melbourne Monarchs and Australian Head Coach Jon Deeble with assistant Coaches Phil Dale of the former Melbourne Reds & Monarchs and Greg Jelks of the former Perth Heat.

International Baseball League of Australia
The International Baseball League of Australia was a baseball league which existed from 1999 to 2002.

The league was created by David Nilsson after he purchased the rights to the Australian Baseball League in 1999 when it was near financial collapse. The International Baseball League lasted for 3 seasons before Nilsson handed the rights back over to the Australian Baseball Federation in 2002. Following the collapse there was no professional baseball league until it was announced in 2009 the formation of the new Australian Baseball League starting in 2010.  The idea behind the International Baseball League of Australia was to be a winter league from November to January as a means to help gain off-season competition for players centered in Asia and the United States.
1975 NAIA Division I football season
The 1975 NAIA Division I football season was the 20th season of college football sponsored by the NAIA, was the sixth season of play of the top division of the NAIA's two-division structure for football.

The season was played from August to November 1975 and culminated in the 1975 NAIA Division I Champion Bowl, played on December 13, 1975 on the campus of Texas A&I University in Kingsville, Texas. Texas A&I defeated Salem in the Champion Bowl, 37–0, to win their fourth, and second consecutive, NAIA national title.

1975 Texas A&I Javelinas football team
The 1975 Texas A&I Javelinas football team was an American football team that represented the Texas College of Arts and Industries (now known as Texas A&M University–Kingsville) as a member of the Lone Star Conference during the 1975 NAIA Division I football season. In its 22nd year under head coach Gil Steinke, the team compiled a perfect 12–0 record (9–0 against conference opponents), won the Lone Star Conference championship, and defeated Salem in the Champion Bowl to win the NAIA national championship.

The team played its home games at Javelina Stadium in Kingsville, Texas.