hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shambhala Training
Shambhala Training is a secular approach to meditation and a new religious movement developed by Tibetan Buddhist teacher Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche and his students. It is based on what Trungpa calls Shambhala Vision, which sees enlightened society as not purely mythical, but as realizable by people of all faiths through practices of mindfulness/awareness, non-aggression, and sacred outlook.

Shambhala
Shambhala (Sanskrit: शम्भल, IAST: Śambhala), also spelled Shambala or Shamballa (Tibetan: བདེ་འབྱུང, Wylie: Bde'byung; Chinese: 香巴拉; pinyin: Xiāngbālā), is a spiritual kingdom in Tibetan Buddhist tradition. Shambhala is mentioned in the Kalachakra Tantra.  The Bon scriptures speak of a closely related land called Tagzig Olmo Lung Ring.

The Sanskrit name is taken from the name of a city near the Ganges, sometimes identified with Sambhal in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, as mentioned in the Hindu Puranas. The mythological relevance of the place originates with a prophecy in Vishnu Purana (4.24) according to which Shambhala will be the birthplace of Kalki, the next incarnation of Vishnu, who will usher in a new age (Satya Yuga); and the prophesied ruling Kingdom of Maitreya, the future Buddha.
Callantsoog
Callantsoog (West Frisian: Kallantsouge) is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Schagen, and lies about 18 km south of Den Helder. Callantsoog was a separate municipality until 1990, when it was merged with Zijpe.

Schagen
Schagen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsxaːɣə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the northwestern Netherlands. It is located between Alkmaar and Den Helder, in the region of West Friesland and the province of North Holland. It received city rights in 1415. In 2013, Schagen merged with the neighbouring municipalities of Zijpe and Harenkarspel, forming a new municipality, also called Schagen. The town hall is located in the main town of Schagen.

It had a population of 46,532 in 2021 and covers an area of 187.28 km2 (72.31 sq mi).
Manuela Ferreira Leite
Maria Manuela Dias Ferreira Leite GCC GCIH (Portuguese pronunciation: [mɐnuˈɛlɐ fɨˈʁɐjɾɐ ˈlɐjtɨ]; born 3 December 1940) is a Portuguese economist, pundit and retired politician. Ferreira Leite served as Minister of Education in Aníbal Cavaco Silva's third government, from 1993 to 1995, and as Minister of State and Finance in José Durão Barroso's government, from 2002 to 2004.

She was leader of the Social Democratic Party between June 2008 and April 2010. Since 2011, she is the Chancellor of the National Orders of Portugal.

Aníbal Cavaco Silva
Aníbal António Cavaco Silva GCC GColTE GColL GColIH (European Portuguese: [ɐˈniβɐl ɐ̃ˈtɔni.u kɐˈvaku ˈsilvɐ, - ɐ̃ˈtɔnju -]; born 15 July 1939) is a Portuguese economist and politician who served as the president of Portugal, from 9 March 2006 to 9 March 2016, and as prime minister of Portugal, from 6 November 1985 to 25 October 1995. His 10-year tenure was the longest of any prime minister since Salazar, and the longest for a freely elected prime minister in Portugal's republican history. He was the first Portuguese prime minister to win an absolute parliamentary majority under the current constitutional system (dating to 1974). He is most recognized for guiding Portugal into the European Union, liberalizing the Portuguese economy and improving infrastructures across the country.
Cacao swollen shoot virus
Cacao swollen shoot virus (CSSV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Caulimoviridae that primarily infects cacao trees.  It decreases cacao yield within the first year of infection, and usually kills the tree within a few years.  Symptoms vary by strain, but leaf discoloration, stem/root swelling, and die-back generally occur.  The virus is transmitted from tree to tree by mealybug vectors.  It was first discovered in Ghana in 1936, and is currently endemic in Togo, Ghana and Nigeria.  Over 200 million trees have already been claimed by this disease, which has prompted Ghana to launch the most ambitious and costly eradication effort of any country in the world against a viral plant disease.

Cacao swollen shoot virus should not be confused with the related species Cacao swollen shoot CD virus and Cacao swollen shoot Togo A virus.

Caulimoviridae
Caulimoviridae is a family of viruses infecting plants. The family contains 11 genera. Viruses belonging to the family Caulimoviridae are termed double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) reverse-transcribing viruses (or pararetroviruses) i.e. viruses that contain a reverse transcription stage in their replication cycle. This family contains all plant viruses with a dsDNA genome that have a reverse transcribing phase in their lifecycle.
Vaccarecce Lighthouse
The Vaccarecce Lighthouse (Faro delle Vaccarecce) or Ancient Giglio Lighthouse (Faro antico del Giglio) is an Italian lighthouse in the Tyrrhenian Sea designed in 1830 and completed sometime in the 1850s. The lighthouse is no longer operational. The structure is situated on a hill to the north of the village of Giglio Castello in the Italian municipal area Isola del Giglio on the island of Giglio. It is a maritime lighthouse but was originally used to light the island.

The masonry lighthouse complex includes an octagonal tower atop a rectangular building. The tower has three floors and includes a wraparound balcony and a terrace at the top (former base of the now-lost lantern).

Isola del Giglio
Isola del Giglio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈiːzola del ˈdʒiʎʎo]; Latin: Igilium), or Giglio Island in English, is an Italian island and comune (municipality) in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the coast of Tuscany, and is part of the Province of Grosseto. The island is one of seven that form the Tuscan Archipelago, lying within the Arcipelago Toscano National Park. Giglio means "lily" in Italian and it originally derives from the Latin name of the island, Igilium, which in turn could be related to the Ancient Greek name of the neighbouring Capraia, Αἰγύλιον (Aigýlion, Latinized as Aegilium), from αἴξ aíx "goat".
Huayquerías Formation
The Huayquerías Formation (Spanish: Formación Huayquerías) is a Late Miocene fossiliferous geological formation of the Frontal Cordillera and Cuyo Basin of Argentina. The formation crops out in the central Mendoza Province.

The formation, with a maximum thickness of 126 metres (413 ft), comprises reddish mudstones with thin beds of tuffs and sandstones, deposited in a fluvial, environment. The tuff in the formation is dated to 5.84 ± 0.41 Ma, placing it in the Huayquerian SALMA,  the age named after the formation by Kraglievitch in 1934.

The formation has provided fossils of the procyonid Cyonasua pascuali and the litoptern Huayqueriana cristata, named after the formation.

South American land mammal age
The South American land mammal ages (SALMA) establish a geologic timescale for prehistoric South American fauna beginning 64.5 Ma during the Paleocene and continuing through to the Late Pleistocene (0.011 Ma). These periods are referred to as ages, stages, or intervals and were established using geographic place names where fossil materials where obtained.

The basic unit of measurement is the first/last boundary statement. This shows that the first appearance event of one taxon is known to predate the last appearance event of another. If two taxa are found in the same fossil quarry or at the same stratigraphic horizon, then their age-range zones overlap.
Artists and repertoire
Artists and repertoire (or A&R for short) is the division of a record label or music publishing company that is responsible for scouting, financing, and overseeing the artistic development of recording artists and songwriters. It also acts as a liaison between artists and the record label or publishing company.

Music publisher
A music publisher is a type of publisher that specializes in distributing music. Music publishers originally published sheet music. When copyright became legally protected, music publishers began to play a significant role in the management of composers' intellectual property. Today, music publishers license compositions, collect royalties, and make sure songwriters and composers are paid when their work is used.
Chabad niggunim
Like many other Hassidic movements, Chabad-Lubavitch has its own unique niggunim, or traditional melodies. Chabad niggunim were either composed or taught by the Rebbe of Chabad or their Hassidim. Niggunim are used to aid for meditation during Chasidic prayer or Torah study, as well as during farbrengens. some of these ancient Chabad melodies have recently made their way into mainstream music.

Farbrengen
A farbrengen (/fɑːrbrɛŋɡɛn/, Yiddish: פארברענגען, lit. '[joyous] gathering'; German: verbringen "to spend [time/solidarity/festivity together]") is a Hasidic gathering. This term is only used by Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidim, as other Hasidim have a tish or a botteh. Carried out in a relaxed atmosphere, with no rigid schedule, it may consist of edifying discussions, explanations of general Torah subjects, with an emphasis on Hasidic philosophy, relating of Hasidic stories, and lively Hasidic melodies, with refreshments being served. It is regarded as a time of great holiness. Farbrengens are public events open to non-Hasidim as well.
School violence
School violence includes violence between school students as well as attacks by students on school staff and attacks by school staff on students. It encompasses physical violence, including student-on-student fighting, corporal punishment; psychological violence such as verbal abuse, and sexual violence, including rape and sexual harassment. It includes many forms of bullying (including cyberbullying) and carrying weapons to school. The one or more perpetrators typically have more physical, social, and/or psychological power than the victim. It is a widely accepted serious societal problem in recent decades in many countries, especially where weapons such as guns or knives are involved.

Violence
Violence is characterized as the use of physical force by humans to cause harm to other living beings, such as pain, injury, disablement, death, damage and destruction. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation"; it recognizes the need to include violence not resulting in injury or death.
High Trail Vanoise
The High Trail Vanoise is an international skyrunning competition held for the first time in 2016. It is held every year at the Val-d'Isère in the French Alps at the end of July or beginning of May. The race is part of the Skyrunner World Series.

Skyrunner World Series
The Skyrunner World Series is an annual international championship of skyrunning (high altitude endurance races) and the official International Skyrunning Federation (ISF) race circuit for mountain running. Each year the Skyrunner World Series presents a global Sky Racing calendar, attracting mountain running athletes from almost every country.
Pennsylvania Route 906
Pennsylvania Route 906 (PA 906) is a 10.6-mile-long (17.1 km) state highway located in Fayette, Westmoreland, and Allegheny counties in Pennsylvania.  The southern terminus is at PA 201 in Washington Township.  The northern terminus is at PA 136 in Forward Township.

Pennsylvania Route 201
Pennsylvania Route 201, designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation as State Route 201, abbreviated PA 201, is a 25-mile-long (40 km) south-north state highway located in Southwestern Pennsylvania in the counties of Fayette and Westmoreland. The southern terminus is at U.S. Route 119 (US 119)/PA 711 in Connellsville. The highway heads northwest and meets up with PA 51 twice at two separate locations and Interstate 70 (I-70) in Rostraver Township. The northern terminus is at PA 136 in Rostraver Township.

PA 201 was designated in September 1964 replacing a longer section of PA 711 from Connellsville to Rostraver Township.
2016 United Nations Secretary-General selection
A United Nations Secretary-General selection was held in October 2016 to choose the ninth secretary-general of the United Nations to succeed Ban Ki-moon from 1 January 2017. Six straw polls were held in the Security Council from 21 July 2016 to 5 October 2016. António Guterres of Portugal led the polling in every round, finishing the last round with 13 'encourage' votes, 0 'discourage' votes, and 2 abstentions. On 6 October 2016, the Security Council unanimously recommended Guterres to the General Assembly, which formally selected him by acclamation on 13 October 2016.

The 2016 selection was much more open than previous selections, with public nominations being sought and candidates participating in televised debates. Women and Eastern Europeans were favoured, as no woman had ever served as secretary-general, and the Eastern European Group was the only one of the UN Regional Groups never to have held the office.

United Nations secretary-general selection
United Nations secretary-general selection is the process of selecting the next secretary-general of the United Nations. To be selected as secretary-general, a candidate must receive the votes of at least nine members of the United Nations Security Council, with no vetoes from permanent members. The secretary-general is then appointed by a majority vote of the United Nations General Assembly.

Although the process is informally called an election, the United Nations refers to it as the "procedure of selecting and appointing the next United Nations secretary-general." Since the General Assembly has never refused to appoint the person recommended by the Security Council, it can be said that the selection of the Security Council determines the next secretary-general of the United Nations.
Acer Aspire
Acer Aspire (stylised as Λspire or ΛSPIRE) is a series of personal computers by Acer Inc. aimed at casual household users. The Aspire series covers both desktop computers and laptops. Acer developed the series to range from essentials to high performance. The Aspire mainly competes against computers such as Asus's Transformer Book Flip, VivoBook and ZenBook, Dell's Inspiron and XPS, HP's Pavilion, Spectre, Essential and Envy, Lenovo's IdeaPad and Yoga, Samsung's Notebook, and Dynabook's Satellite (formerly Toshiba Satellite). It formerly competed against computers such as Asus's Transformer Book Flip and HP's Stream.

The Aspire series was first brought to the market in September 1995, which featured the Intel Pentium processor. The Aspire series then replaced the AcerPower series in 2002 and became one of Acer's main series.

Dynabook Satellite
The Satellite Pro (also formerly the Satellite) is a line of consumer-oriented laptop computers designed and manufactured by Dynabook Inc. of Japan, which was formerly Toshiba's computer subsidiary. The Satellite Pro is currently positioned between their consumer E series and their business Tecra series of products.

The earliest models in the series, introduced in the early 1990s, were one of the first to directly compete against IBM's ThinkPad line. Models in Toshiba's Satellite family varied greatly—from entry-level models sold to consumers at major retailers to full-fledged business laptops, with the “Pro” suffix, sold through enterprise channels. In 2016, the Satellite line came to an end when Toshiba exited the consumer personal computer market; in 2020, after Sharp Corporation purchased the computer division as Dynabook, the Satellite Pro was relaunched.
South Fork Rogue River
The South Fork Rogue River is a 25-mile (40 km) tributary of the Rogue River in the U.S. state of Oregon. Rising in the Sky Lakes Wilderness in the Cascade Range, it flows generally northeast through the Rogue River – Siskiyou National Forest to meet the Rogue River downstream of Prospect and slightly upstream of Lost Creek Lake.

Lost Creek Lake
Lost Creek Lake is a reservoir located on the Rogue River in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. The lake is impounded by William L. Jess Dam which was constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1977 for flood control and fisheries enhancement. The lake and dam were the first completed elements of the multi-purpose Rogue River Basin Project, consisting of Lost Creek Lake, Applegate Lake and the Elk Creek project. The lake is located approximately 27 miles (43 km) (straight line) northeast of Medford.
Non-alcoholic drink
An alcohol-free or non-alcoholic drink, also known as a temperance drink, is a version of an alcoholic drink made without alcohol, or with the alcohol removed or reduced to almost zero. These may take the form of a non-alcoholic mixed drink or non-alcoholic beer, and are widely available where alcoholic drinks are sold.

Low-alcohol beer
Low-alcohol beer is beer with little or no alcohol by volume that aims to reproduce the taste of beer while eliminating or reducing the inebriating effect, carbohydrates, and calories of regular alcoholic brews. Low-alcohol beers can come in different beer styles such as lagers, stouts, and ales. Low-alcohol beer is also known as light beer, non-alcoholic beer, small beer, small ale, or near-beer.
Bouaké
Bouaké (or Bwake, N’ko: ߓߐ߰ߞߍ߫ Bɔ̀ɔkɛ́) is the second-largest city in Ivory Coast, with a population of 740,000 (2021 census). It is the seat of three levels of subdivision—Vallée du Bandama District, Gbêkê Region, and Bouaké Department. The city is located in the central part of Ivory Coast about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Lake Kossou, the country's largest lake. It is approximately 350 kilometres (220 mi) north of Abidjan on the Abidjan-Niger Railway and about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Yamoussoukro, the capital of the country.

Yamoussoukro
Yamoussoukro (/ˌjæmʊˈsuːkroʊ/; French pronunciation: [jamusukʁo] ⓘ, locally [jamsokʁo]) is the capital city of Ivory Coast and an autonomous district. As of the 2014 census, Yamoussoukro is the fifth most populous city in the Ivory Coast, with a population of 212,670. Located 240 kilometers (150 mi) north-west of Abidjan, the district of Yamoussoukro covers 2,075 square kilometers (801 sq mi) among rolling hills and plains.

Yamoussoukro became the legal capital of Ivory Coast in 1983, although the former capital Abidjan retains several political functions. Prior to 2011, what is now the district of Yamoussoukro was part of Lacs Region. The district was created in 2011 and is split into the departments of Attiégouakro and Yamoussoukro. In total, the district contains 169 settlements. Yamoussoukro is a sub-prefecture in Yamoussoukro Department and is also a commune: since 2012, the city of Yamoussoukro has been the sole commune in the autonomous district of Yamoussoukro.
2018 in the sport of athletics
In 2018, no world outdoor athletics championships was held. Major events held during the year included the 2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships, 2018 IAAF Continental Cup, 2018 IAAF World Race Walking Team Championships, and 2018 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships.

2018 IAAF Continental Cup
The 2018 IAAF Continental Cup is an international track and field sporting event that was held in Ostrava, Czech Republic, on 8–9 September 2018.

It is the third edition of the IAAF Continental Cup since the name and format was changed from the IAAF World Cup.
Subordinator (mathematics)
In probability theory, a subordinator is a stochastic process that is non-negative and whose increments are stationary and independent. Subordinators are a special class of Lévy process that play an important role in the theory of local time. In this context, subordinators describe the evolution of time within another stochastic process, the subordinated stochastic process. In other words, a subordinator will determine the random number of "time steps" that occur within the subordinated process for a given unit of chronological time.

In order to be a subordinator a process must be a Lévy process. It also must be increasing, almost surely, or an additive process.

Stationary increments
In probability theory, a stochastic process is said to have stationary increments if its change only depends on the time span of observation, but not on the time when the observation was started. Many large families of stochastic processes have stationary increments either by definition (e.g. Lévy processes) or by construction (e.g. random walks)
Lajos Szigeti
Lajos Szigeti (27 November 1906 – 27 April 1974) was a Hungarian boxer who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics and in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was born in Budapest.

In 1932 he was eliminated in the quarterfinals of the middleweight class after losing his fight to the eventual bronze medalist Ernest Peirce of South Africa. Four years later he lost in the second round of the 1936 Olympic middleweight class against Josef Hrubeš.

Ernest Peirce
Ernest "Eddie" Peirce (25 September 1909 – 23 January 1998) was a South African boxer who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles.

He was born in Somerset West and died in Apache Junction, Arizona, United States.

In 1932 he won the bronze medal in the middleweight classification after winning the third-place fight against Roger Michelot of France by walkover.

Two years earlier, Peirce won the middleweight bronze medal at the 1930 British Empire Games.

He is buried in the National Memorial Cemetery of Arizona in Phoenix.
Čučuk Stana
Čučuk Stana (Serbian Cyrillic: Чучук Стана, "Little Stana") was a Serbian female hajduk, the second wife of Hajduk Veljko and later married the Greek fighter Giorgakis Olympios. She is also a character in Serb epic poetry.

Hajduk Veljko
Veljko Petrović (Serbian Cyrillic: Вељко Петровић, Serbian pronunciation: [ʋěːʎko pětroʋitɕ]; c. 1780 – 1813), known simply as Hajduk Veljko (Хајдук Вељко, [xǎjduːk v̞ɛ̌ːʎkɔ]), was one of the vojvodas (military commanders) of the Serbian Revolutionary forces in the First Serbian Uprising against the Ottoman Empire, in charge of the Negotin area. He was one of the most prominent leaders of the uprising.
Alternative beta
Alternative beta is the concept of managing volatile "alternative investments", often through the use of hedge funds. Alternative beta is often also referred to as "alternative risk premia".

Researcher Lars Jaeger says that the return from an investment mainly results from exposure to systematic risk factors. These exposures can take two basic forms: long only "buy and hold" exposures and exposures through the use of alternative investment techniques such as long/short investing, the use of derivatives (non-linear payout profiles), or the employment of leverage)

Alternative investment
An alternative investment, also known as an alternative asset or alternative investment fund (AIF), is an investment in any asset class excluding capital stocks, bonds, and cash.

The term is a relatively loose one and includes tangible assets such as precious metals, collectibles (art, wine, antiques, vintage cars, coins, watches, musical instruments, or stamps) and some financial assets such as real estate, commodities, private equity, distressed securities, hedge funds, exchange funds, carbon credits, venture capital, film production, financial derivatives, cryptocurrencies, non-fungible tokens, and Tax Receivable Agreements. Investments in real estate, forestry and shipping are also often termed "alternative" despite the ancient use of such real assets to enhance and preserve wealth. Alternative investments are to be contrasted with traditional investments.