hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Statue of William Allen
William Allen is a sculpture depicting the American politician of the same name by Charles Henry Niehaus. The statue was gifted by the U.S. state of Ohio to the National Statuary Hall Collection in 1887, but later replaced with one of Thomas Edison due to Allen's pro-slavery viewpoints. Allen's statue was relocated to the Ross County Heritage Center, in Chillicothe, Ohio.

National Statuary Hall Collection
The National Statuary Hall Collection in the United States Capitol is composed of statues donated by individual states to honor persons notable in their history. Limited to two statues per state, the collection was originally set up in the old Hall of the House of Representatives, which was then renamed National Statuary Hall. The expanding collection has since been spread throughout the Capitol and its visitor center.

With the addition of New Mexico's second statue in 2005, the collection is complete with 100 statues contributed by 50 states, plus two from the District of Columbia (see Statues of the National Statuary Hall Collection). Since Congress authorized replacements in 2000, fourteen states have replaced at least one of their original two statues. In 2022, Kansas became the first state to replace both of its statues; it has been joined by Arkansas and Nebraska.
Gmina Burzenin
Gmina Burzenin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Burzenin, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Sieradz and 57 km (35 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 118.96 square kilometres (45.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,665.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Warta-Widawka Landscape Park.

Warta-Widawka Landscape Park
Warta-Widawka Landscape Park (Park Krajobrazowy Międzyrzecza Warty i Widawki) is a protected area (Landscape Park) in central Poland.

The Park lies within Łódź Voivodeship: in Łask County (Gmina Widawa), Sieradz County (Gmina Burzenin, Gmina Sieradz), Wieluń County (Gmina Konopnica) and Zduńska Wola County (Gmina Zapolice, Gmina Zduńska Wola).
Makro
Makro is a Dutch international brand of warehouse clubs, also called cash and carry stores. Makro was founded by SHV Holdings, a Dutch conglomerate based in Utrecht in partnership with German company Metro AG, with the first warehouse club opened in Amsterdam in 1968.

Currently, ownership of the worldwide chain of stores is split between different companies like Metro AG in Europe (except UK), SHV Holdings in South America (except Peru) and CP All in Asia. In many countries, access to stores is restricted to business customers, and the stores are not open to the general public.

Booker Group
Booker Group Limited is a British wholesale distributor, and subsidiary of Tesco plc.

In January 2017, it was announced that the British multinational supermarket retailer Tesco had agreed to purchase the company for £3.7 billion. It was confirmed on 5 March 2018 that Tesco had completed its acquisition of Booker Group Limited.
Lucinda Raikes
Lucinda Mary J. Raikes (born 14 April 1971) is an English actress, most noted for playing Karen Ball in the sitcom Green Wing and Angela Heaney in The Thick of It and its spin off film In the Loop. She has also appeared in Sensitive Skin, Extras, Casanova and 15 Storeys High.

Casanova (2005 TV series)
Casanova is a 2005 British television comedy drama serial, written by television scriptwriter Russell T Davies and directed by Sheree Folkson. Produced by Red Production Company for BBC Wales in association with Granada Television, the three-episode series was first screened on digital television station BBC Three from 13 March, with a repeat on mainstream analogue network BBC One commencing 4 April.
Clifton Lock
Clifton Lock is a lock on River Thames in Oxfordshire, England. It is located south of the village of Clifton Hampden and north of Long Wittenham. It is at the start of the Clifton Cut, which bypasses the river to the north of Long Wittenham.
The lock was completed in 1822 by the Thames Navigation Commissioners.

The main weir, which was built thirteen years later than the lock, runs across the old navigation of the river. A smaller weir runs just above the lock.

Thames Navigation Commission
The Thames Navigation Commission managed the River Thames in southern England from 1751 to 1866. In particular, they were responsible for installing or renovating many of the locks on the river in the 18th and early 19th centuries
Turid Farbregd
Turid Farbregd (born 8 March 1941) is a Norwegian philologist and translator. She was awarded the Bastian Prize in 1989, for her translation of poetry by Jaan Kaplinski into Norwegian language. She received the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature in 2013, for her translation of Katja Kettu's book Kätilö (The Midwife) into Norwegian.

She was appointed Government scholar in 1995.

Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature
The Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature (Den norske Kritikerprisen for litteratur or Kritikerprisen) is awarded by the Norwegian Literature Critics' Association (Norsk Litteraturkritikerlag) and has been awarded every year since 1950. The prize is presented to a Norwegian author for a literary work as agreed to among the members of the Norwegian Literature Critics' Association. Since 1978 the Norwegian Literature Critics' Association has also awarded a prize for the best work of children's literature. In 2003 the Critics Prize for the year's best work of translation was established, and in 2012 the Critics Prize for the year's best work of nonfiction for adults was established. For other Norwegian Critics Awards, see Norwegian Theatre Critics Award, which has been awarded every year since 1939 (except 1940–45), the Norwegian Music Critics Award, which has been awarded every year since 1947, and the Norwegian Dance Critics Award, which has been awarded every year since 1977.
Goldfields Railway
The Goldfields Railway is a heritage railway that operates between Waihi and Waikino in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand's North Island.  It operates over a section of track that was part of the East Coast Main Trunk Railway until the Kaimai Tunnel deviation made it redundant in 1978.  The Goldfields Railway was formed in 1980 as the Goldfields Steam Train Society to retain a portion of the old mainline and switched to its current name in the mid-nineties.

Waihi
Waihi is a town in Hauraki District in the North Island of New Zealand, especially notable for its history as a gold mine town.

The town is at the foot of the Coromandel Peninsula, close to the western end of the Bay of Plenty. The nearby resort town of Waihi Beach, ten kilometres to the east, is often regarded as the westernmost point of the Bay of Plenty region. To the west are the hills of the Kaimai Ranges. Road access from this direction is through the winding Karangahake Gorge road. Waihi has a warm and temperate climate but unusually high rainfall for New Zealand's east coast with an average annual rainfall of 2147 mm.
Punang Terusan
Punang Terusan is a town or settlement in Sarawak, Malaysia situated approximately 3,628 feet (1,106 metres) above sea level. The approximate population within a seven-kilometer radius was 1,110 as of 2004.

Nearby towns and villages include Long Buang (9.9 nm north), Pa Brayong (11.7 nm north), Long Semado (2.8 nm south), Long Kinoman (1.0 nm south), Long Pa Sia (9.2 nm east), and Long Lapukan (5.1 nm west).

Long Lapukan
Long Lapukan is a settlement in the Lawas division of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 650.5 kilometres (404 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.

Neighbouring settlements include:

Long Lopeng 5.9 kilometres (3.7 mi) west

Long Semado 5.9 kilometres (3.7 mi) east

Long Karabangan 7.6 kilometres (4.7 mi) south

Long Tanid 7.9 kilometres (4.9 mi) southeast

Long Semado Nasab 8.3 kilometres (5.2 mi) southeast

Long Beluyu 8.3 kilometres (5.2 mi) southeast

Long Kinoman 9.2 kilometres (5.7 mi) east

Punang Terusan 9.4 kilometres (5.8 mi) east

Long Merarap 11.9 kilometres (7.4 mi) northwest

Long Buang 15.3 kilometres (9.5 mi) north
Preputial gland
Preputial glands are exocrine glands in the prepuce in front of the penis. They occur in many mammals, including canids, mice, ferrets, rhinoceroses, and even-toed ungulates and produce pheromones. The preputial glands of female animals are sometimes called clitoral glands.

Male canids scent-mark their territories with urine and preputial gland secretions. The preputial glands of male musk deer produce strong-smelling deer musk which is of economic importance, as it is used in perfumes.

Deer musk
Deer musk is a substance with a persistent odor, obtained from the caudal glands of the male musk deer.

Although more commonly referred to as "musk", the term itself is often used to describe a wide variety of "musky" substances from other animals such as the African civet ("civet musk") or various synthetic musks whose compound exhibits some character of deer musk.

The demand for deer musk has led to a severe decrease in musk deer populations; however, musk can be removed from the gland of live male deer without killing the animal and without harming their growth, breeding and health. The extraction of musk from live deer has been successfully conducted many times and the characteristics of musk have been studied at the Kathmandu Zoo in Nepal. Six of the seven musk producing species are listed as endangered.

It is also known as kastūrī in rural Indian regions where they are used to make perfumes and face masks.
Handkerchief code
The handkerchief code (also known as the hanky code, the bandana code, and flagging) is a system of color-coded cloth handkerchief or bandanas for non-verbally communicating one's interests in sexual activities and fetishes. The color of the handkerchief identifies a particular activity, and the pocket it is worn in (left or right) identifies the wearer's preferred role in that activity. Wearing a handkerchief on the left side of the body typically indicates one is a "top" (considered active in the act/fetish indicated by the color of the handkerchief), while wearing it on the right side of the body would indicate one is a "bottom" (considered passive in it). For example, a dark blue handkerchief indicates an interest in anal sex, and wearing it in the left pocket indicates a preference for being the insertive partner. The code was most widely used in the 1970s in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Europe, by gay and bisexual men seeking casual sex, or BDSM practitioners.

Handkerchief
A handkerchief (/ˈhæŋkərtʃɪf/; also called a hankie or, historically, a handkercher or a fogle) is a form of a kerchief or bandanna, typically a hemmed square of thin fabric which can be carried in the pocket or handbag for personal hygiene purposes such as wiping one's hands or face, or blowing one's nose. A handkerchief is also sometimes used as a purely decorative accessory in the breast pocket of a suit; it can then be called a pocket square. A handkerchief is also an important accessory in many  folk-dances in many regions like the Balkans and the Middle East; an example of a folk-dance featuring handkerchiefs is the Greek Kalamatianós.
Knipe–Moore–Rupp Farm
The Knipe–Moore–Rupp Farm, also known as Cedar View Farm, is an historic, American home and barn that are located in Russian Space, Upper Gwynedd Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Upper Gwynedd Township, Pennsylvania
Upper Gwynedd Township ( /ˈɡwɪnɛd/) is a township in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. At the time of the 2010 census, the population was 15,552. North Wales Borough is surrounded by Upper Gwynedd Township on all sides. Many homes and businesses with North Wales addresses are actually in Upper Gwynedd. Many properties with Lansdale addresses are in Upper Gwynedd as well. It is part of the North Penn Valley region that is centered around the borough of Lansdale.

Station Square, one of the first new transit oriented developments in the Delaware Valley, is located in Upper Gwynedd on the border with Lansdale. It is across the street from Pennbrook Station with SEPTA rail service to Philadelphia.
Malaxa, Crete
Malaxa (Greek: Μαλάξα) is a village in the Chania regional unit on Crete in Greece. The 2021 census counted a population of 150 people in the village. In ancient times the Malaxa area was under the sphere of influence of the nearby powerful city of Kydonia. Malaxa lies on the feet of the Lefka Ori, and is separated from the large city of Chania by the Chania Plain.

Kydonia
Kydonia (/sɪˈdoʊniə/ or /kaɪˈdoʊniə/), also known as Cydonia (Ancient Greek: Κυδωνία, Kydōnía) was an ancient city located at the site of present-day Chania near the west end of the island of Crete in Greece. The city is known from archaeological remains dating back to the Minoan era as well as literary and historical sources. It was added as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2025.
2023 CX1
2023 CX1, initially known under temporary designation Sar2667, was a metre-sized asteroid that entered Earth's atmosphere on 13 February 2023 02:59 UTC and disintegrated as a meteor over the coast of Normandy, France along the English Channel. It was discovered less than seven hours before impact, by Hungarian astronomer Krisztián Sárneczky at Konkoly Observatory's Piszkéstető Station in the Mátra Mountains, Hungary. 2023 CX1 is the seventh asteroid discovered before impacting Earth and successfully predicted, and the third of those for which meteorites have been recovered. Before it impacted, 2023 CX1 was a near-Earth asteroid on an Earth-crossing Apollo-type orbit.

Meteorite fall
A meteorite fall, also called an observed fall, is a meteorite collected after its fall from outer space, that was observed by people or automated devices. Any other meteorite is called a "find". As of January 2026, the Meteoritical Bulletin Database listed 1,270 observed falls of approved meteorites, most of which have specimens in modern collections.
Ana Đokić
Ana Đokić (Serbian Cyrillic: Ана Ђокић; born 9 February 1979) is a former Serbian and Montenegrin handball player. She was part of the Montenegrin team that won their first ever international title at the 2012 European Women's Handball Championship. She also participated at the 2011 World Women's Handball Championship in Brazil. and at the 2012 Summer Olympics, where the Montenegrin team won the silver medal.

She currently plays for ŽRK Vardar, in the Macedonian League and the EHF Cup.

ŽRK Vardar
ŽRK Vardar (Macedonian: ЖРК Вардар) is a Macedonian women's handball club from Skopje, North Macedonia. The team currently competes in the Macedonian women's First League of Handball, Women's Regional Handball League and used to be a top competitor in the Women's EHF Champions League.
Government Communication and Information System
The Government Communication and Information System (GCIS) is an agency of the South African government charged with coordinating, managing, and advising on all government communication with the public, including media liaison. It is a unit in the Office of the President and falls under the political authority of the Minister in the Presidency. The head of GCIS is the director-general of the department and the official spokesperson of the South African government.

The corporation was established on 18 May 1998 in terms of Section 7 (subsections 2 and 3) of the Public Service Act, 1994. It replaced the apartheid-era South African Communication Service.

Minister in the Presidency
The minister in the presidency is a minister in the Cabinet of South Africa, appointed by the President of South Africa. The minister has general responsibility for portfolios in the Office of the President of South Africa. Some former Ministers in the Presidency have been assigned specific portfolios.

The current minister in the presidency is Khumbudzo Ntshavheni, who was appointed to the position in March 2023.
Foots Cray
Foots Cray is an area of South East London, England, within the London Borough of Bexley. Prior to 1965 it was in the historic county of Kent. It is located south-east of Sidcup, north of Orpington and north west of Swanley.

London Borough of Bexley
The London Borough of Bexley (/ˈbɛksli/ ⓘ) is a London borough in south-east London, forming part of Outer London. It has a population of 248,287. The main settlements are Sidcup, Erith, Bexleyheath, Belvedere, Crayford, Welling and Old Bexley. The London Borough of Bexley is within the Thames Gateway, an area designated as a national priority for urban regeneration. The local authority is Bexley London Borough Council.
Saeco (cycling team)
Saeco was the name of an Italian road bicycle racing team, sponsored by the company with the same name. They rode on Cannondale bicycles.

The company did not prolong the sponsorship for 2005, and the team was merged with the Lampre team, forming Lampre–Caffita, sponsored by Caffita.

Cannondale
Cannondale Bicycle Corporation is an American division of Dutch conglomerate Pon Holdings that supplies high-performance bicycles and electric bicycles. The smallest of the so-called "Big 4" bicycle brands (including Specialized, Trek, and Giant), it has a reputation for innovative, unconventional, and sometimes odd designs. Its main headquarters are in Wilton, Connecticut, near where the company was founded; with additional offices in Woudenberg, Netherlands; Freiburg, Germany; and Taichung, Taiwan. Frames are manufactured primarily in Taiwan, with some production in China, and Vietnam. Bikes are assembled at their facility in Almelo, Netherlands, and in Taiwan. Cannondale bicycles are distributed through a network of approved independently owned bicycle shops throughout the US, Europe, and the UK, as well as distributors in more than 70 countries worldwide.
2,3-Oxidosqualene
(S)-2,3-Oxidosqualene ((S)-2,3-epoxysqualene) is an intermediate in the synthesis of the cell membrane sterol precursors lanosterol and cycloartenol, as well as saponins.  It is formed when squalene is oxidized by the enzyme squalene monooxygenase.  2,3-Oxidosqualene is the substrate of various oxidosqualene cyclases, including lanosterol synthase, which produces lanosterol, a precursor to cholesterol.

The stereoisomer (R)-2,3-oxidosqualene is an inhibitor of lanosterol synthase.

Oxidosqualene cyclase
Oxidosqualene cyclases (OSC) are enzymes involved in cyclization reactions of 2,3-oxidosqualene to form sterols or triterpenes.

There are two major groups of sterol-producing OSC enzymes:

Cycloartenol synthase (CAS), found in all plants, which produces primarily cycloartenol

Lanosterol synthase (LAS), found in all animals and fungi, and occasionally in plants, which produces primarily lanosterol

Sterols and triterpenes are extremely diverse classes of natural products, particularly in plants, which often contain numerous OSC enzymes with different substrate and product specificities; common examples include lupeol synthase and beta-amyrin synthase. OSC enzymes' catalytic mechanism is similar to the prokaryotic squalene-hopene cyclase.

Directed evolution and protein design have been used to identify small numbers of point mutations that alter the product specificities of OSC enzymes, most notably in altering a cycloartenol synthase to produce predominantly lanosterol.
Journal of Medical Microbiology
The Journal of Medical Microbiology is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of microbiology relevant to human and animal disease, including pathogenicity, virulence, host response, epidemiology, microbial ecology, diagnostics, etc., relating to viruses, bacteria, fungi, and eukaryotic parasites. It is published by the Microbiology Society and the editors-in-chief are Norman Fry (Public Health England) and Kalai Mathee (Florida International University). The journal publishes primary research articles, reviews, short communications, personal views, and editorials.

Microbiology Society
The Microbiology Society (previously the Society for General Microbiology) is a society based in the United Kingdom with a worldwide membership based in universities, industry, hospitals, research institutes, schools and other organisations. Interests of its members include basic and applied aspects of viruses, prions, bacteria, rickettsiae, mycoplasma, fungi, algae and protozoa, and all other aspects of microbiology. Its headquarters is at 14–16 Meredith Street, London. The Society's current president is Professor Gordon Dougan CBE FRS.
147th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment
The 147th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment (147 zrp) (Russian: 147-й зенитный ракетный полк (147 зрп); Military Unit Number 96869) is a surface-to-air missile regiment of the Belarusian Air and Air Defense Forces. Stationed at Babruysk, the regiment is equipped with the Osa-AKM short-range, low altitude surface to air missile system to provide air defense for the local air base. Before being reduced to a regiment in 2017, it was the 147th Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade.

Belarusian Air Force
The Air Force and Air Defence Forces of the Republic of Belarus is a branch of Armed Forces of Belarus  tasked with conduction and countering air warfare. It was formed in 2001 by merging separate air force and air defense branches.

Belarus formed its air force in 1992 from the 26th Air Army of the Soviet Air Forces which had been serving in the Byelorussian SSR.
John Dearden
John Francis Dearden (October 15, 1907 – August 1, 1988) was an American Catholic prelate who served as archbishop of Detroit in Michigan from 1958 to 1980, and was created a cardinal in 1969. He previously served as bishop of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania from 1950 to 1958. During his tenure in Pittsburgh, Dearden earned the nickname "Iron John" for his stern manner of administration.

In Detroit, Dearden was active in community causes, supporting equal employment opportunities and better racial relations in the city. He played an influential role at the Second Vatican Council in Rome. Dearden also served as the first president of the National Conference of Catholic Bishops.

Archdiocese of Detroit
The Archdiocese of Detroit (Latin: Archidiœcesis Detroitensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the south-east portion of Michigan in the United States. It is the metropolitan archdiocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of Detroit, which includes all the dioceses in the state of Michigan. It was erected in 1833 and elevated to an archdiocese in 1937. The Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament is the mother church. The Basilica of Sainte Anne de Détroit is the second oldest continuously operating Catholic parish in the United States, dating to 1701.
Etymological Dictionary of the German Language
The Etymological Dictionary of the German Language (German: Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache), sometimes referred to simply as Kluge, was published by Friedrich Kluge in 1883. It was the first German etymological dictionary based on Neogrammarian principles. Over the following decades it was republished and revised many times, with Kluge as the editor being succeeded by Alfred Götze, Alfred Schirmer, Walther Mitzka, and Elmar Seebold. It is considered a standard work among the German etymological dictionaries. The most recent edition, 25th, was released in 2011 in print, eBook and as an Android app.

Elmar Seebold
Elmar Seebold (born 28 September 1934) is a German philologist who specializes in Germanic philology. From 1971 to 1983, Seebold was Professor of Germanic philology at the University of Fribourg. He then transferred to the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, from which he then retired in 1999. He is the editor of the Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.