hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Graphium biokoensis
Graphium biokoensis, the Gauthier's striped swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in eastern Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea, Bioko, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Burundi. Its habitat consists of forests.

Bioko
Bioko (/biːˈoʊkoʊ/; Spanish: [biˈoko] ⓘ; Bube: Ëtulá a Ëri; historically known as Fernando Pó, European Portuguese pronunciation: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃.dʊ ˈpɔ]) is an island of Equatorial Guinea. It is located 32 km (20 mi) south of the coast of Cameroon, and 160 km (99 mi) northwest of the northernmost part of mainland Equatorial Guinea. Malabo, on the north coast of the island, is the former capital city of Equatorial Guinea. Bioko's population was 335,048 at the 2015 census and it covers an area of 2,017 km2 (779 sq mi), making it the fourth largest island in Africa (after Madagascar, Socotra and Tenerife). The island is part of the Cameroon line of volcanoes and is located off the Cameroon coast, in the Bight of Biafra portion of the Gulf of Guinea. Its geology is volcanic; its highest peak is Pico Basile at 3,012 m (9,882 ft).
Patricia Pérez Goldberg
Patricia Carolina Pérez Goldberg (born 22 February 1974) is a Chilean lawyer and politician. From 2016, she has served as a judge at the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. She was Minister of Justice (2012–2014) during President Sebastián Piñera's first government.

Ministry of Justice and Human Rights (Chile)
The Ministry of Justice and Human Rights of Chile (Spanish: Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos; MinJusticia) is the state ministry responsible for liaising between the executive branch and the judicial branch, and promoting and fostering human rights. Currently, the lawyer Jaime Gajardo Falcón serves as Minister of Justice and Human Rights and Daniela Quintanilla holds the position of Head of the Undersecretariat of Human Rights, both appointed under president Gabriel Boric.

The Undersecretary for Human Rights is the chief executive of the Undersecretariat of Human Rights and the immediate collaborator of the Minister in matters within its sphere of competence, and, in the event of the absence or incapacity of the Undersecretary of Justice, serves as the latter's legal substitute.
Michael Pollock (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral of the Fleet Sir Michael Patrick Pollock, GCB, LVO, DSC (19 October 1916 – 27 September 2006) was a senior officer in the Royal Navy who rose to become First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff in the early 1970s. In the Second World War, he was an officer on ships tasked with protecting convoys in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, and was gunnery officer on the cruiser HMS Norfolk when she fought the German battleship Scharnhorst during the Battle of North Cape. He later commanded the aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal, and hosted Ian Smith on HMS Tiger. In retirement, he held the position of King of Arms of the Order of the Bath and Gloucester King of Arms, with responsibility for heraldry in Wales.

Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is a third-level military decoration awarded for gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea to officers; and, since 1993, ratings and other ranks of the British Armed Forces, Royal Fleet Auxiliary and the British Merchant Navy have been eligible. The award was formerly also awarded to members of armed forces of other Commonwealth countries.

The DSC is "awarded in recognition of an act or acts of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea." Since 1979, it can be awarded posthumously.
Heneage Finch, 2nd Earl of Aylesford
Heneage Finch, 2nd Earl of Aylesford (c. 1683 – 29 June 1757), styled Lord Guernsey from 1714 to 1719, was an English politician, courtier and peer who sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1704 to 1719, representing the constituencies of Maidstone and Surrey. Born in Albury, Surrey into an aristocratic family, he also served as the Master of the Jewel Office from 1711 to 1716.

Master of the Jewel Office
The Master of the Jewel Office was a position in the Royal Households of England, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United Kingdom. The office holder was responsible for running the Jewel House, which houses the Crown Jewels. This role has, at various points in history, been called Master or Treasurer of the Jewel House, Master or Keeper of the Crown Jewels, Master or Keeper of the Regalia, and Keeper of the Jewel House. In 1967, the role was combined with Resident Governor of the Tower of London.
Junia gens
The gens Junia or Iunia was one of the most celebrated families of ancient Rome.  The gens may originally have been patrician, and was already prominent in the last days of the Roman monarchy.  Lucius Junius Brutus was the nephew of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the seventh and last king of Rome, and on the expulsion of Tarquin in 509 BC, he became one of the first consuls of the Roman Republic.

Over the next several centuries, the Junii produced a number of very eminent men, such as Gaius Junius Bubulcus Brutus, three times consul and twice dictator during the period of the Samnite Wars, as well as Marcus and Decimus Junius Brutus, among the leaders of the conspiracy against Caesar. Although the Junii Bruti disappeared at the end of the Republic, another family, the Junii Silani, remained prominent under the early Empire.

Samnite Wars
The First, Second, and Third Samnite Wars (343–341 BC, 326–304 BC, and 298–290 BC) were fought between the Roman Republic and the Samnites, who lived on a stretch of the Apennine Mountains south of Rome and north of the Lucanian tribe.

The first of these wars was the result of Rome's intervention to rescue the Campanian city of Capua from a Samnite attack.

The second one was the result of Rome's intervention in the politics of the city of Naples and developed into a contest over the control of central and southern Italy.

Similarly the third war also involved a struggle for control of this part of Italy.

The wars extended over half a century, and also drew in the peoples to the east, north, and west of Samnium (land of the Samnites) as well as those of central Italy north of Rome (the Etruscans, Umbri, and Picentes) and the Senone Gauls, but at different times and levels of involvement.
Pareigis Hopf algebra
In algebra, the Pareigis Hopf algebra is the Hopf algebra over a field k whose left comodules are essentially the same as complexes over k, in the sense that the corresponding monoidal categories are isomorphic. It was introduced by Pareigis (1981) as a natural example of a Hopf algebra that is neither commutative nor cocommutative.

Coalgebra
In mathematics, coalgebras or cogebras are structures that are dual (in the category-theoretic sense of reversing arrows) to unital associative algebras. The axioms of unital associative algebras can be formulated in terms of commutative diagrams. Turning all arrows around, one obtains the axioms of coalgebras.
Every coalgebra, by (vector space) duality, gives rise to an algebra, but not in general the other way. In finite dimensions, this duality goes in both directions (see below).

Coalgebras occur naturally in a number of contexts (for example, representation theory, universal enveloping algebras and group schemes).

There are also F-coalgebras, with important applications in computer science.
Scarification
Scarification involves scratching, etching, burning/branding, or superficially cutting designs, pictures, or words into the skin as a permanent body modification or body art. The body modification can take roughly 6–12 months to heal. In the process of body scarification, scars are purposely formed by cutting or branding the skin by various methods (sometimes using further sequential aggravating wound-healing methods at timed intervals, like irritation). Scarification is sometimes called cicatrization.

Body modification
Body modification (or body alteration) is the deliberate altering of the human anatomy or human physical appearance. In its broadest definition it includes skin tattooing, socially acceptable decoration (e.g., common body piercing in many societies), and religious rites of passage (e.g., circumcision in a number of cultures), as well as the modern primitive movement.

Body modification is performed for a large variety of reasons, including aesthetics, sexual enhancement, rites of passage, religious beliefs, to display group membership or affiliation, in remembrance of lived experience, traditional symbolism such as axis mundi and mythology, to create body art, for shock value, and as self-expression, among other reasons.
Joe Cannon (soccer)
Joseph Cannon (born January 1, 1975) is an American former professional soccer player. He spent the majority of his 16 professional seasons playing in Major League Soccer. His 86 MLS career shutouts rank him fourth in league history. He won the MLS Goalkeeper of the Year Award twice (2002, 2004), and finished runner-up for the award three times (2000, 2001, 2005).

He also earned two caps in friendlies with the United States men's national soccer team.

MLS Goalkeeper of the Year Award
MLS Goalkeeper of the Year Award, known as the Allstate MLS Goalkeeper of the Year Award for sponsorship purposes, is an annual Major League Soccer award established in 1996. It is voted on by media, MLS players and club management based on regular-season performance. Andre Blake has won the award three times, more than any other goalkeeper.
Jane Fawcett
Jane Fawcett MBE (née Hughes; 4 March 1921 – 21 May 2016) was a British codebreaker, singer, and heritage preservationist. She recently became known for her role in decoding a message, which led to the sinking of the German battleship Bismarck. From 1963 to 1976 she served as the secretary of the Victorian Society. She wrote and edited works including The Future of the Past; Seven Victorian Architects; The Village in History and Save the City.

Historic preservation
Historic preservation (US), built heritage preservation or built heritage conservation (UK) is an endeavor that seeks to preserve, conserve and protect buildings, objects, landscapes or other artifacts of historical significance. It is a philosophical concept that became popular in the twentieth century, which maintains that cities as products of centuries' development should be obligated to protect their patrimonial legacy. The term refers specifically to the preservation of the built environment, and not to preservation of, for example, primeval forests or wilderness.
You Me Bum Bum Train
You Me Bum Bum Train is an interactive theatre performance created by Kate Bond and Morgan Lloyd in 2004. The pair met as art students in Brighton, England, where they were studying illustration and film. The production gained critical acclaim in the London theatre community, winning the Oxford Samuel Beckett Theatre Trust Award and the Evening Standard Theatre Award for Outstanding Newcomer in 2010 as well as earning  a nomination for a Laurence Olivier Award for Outstanding Achievement in an Affiliate Theatre in 2013.

Laurence Olivier Award for Outstanding Achievement in an Affiliate Theatre
The Laurence Olivier Award for Outstanding Achievement in an Affiliate Theatre is an annual award presented by the Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in professional London theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor and director Laurence Olivier.

This award, introduced in 2004, recognizes excellence in theatre works throughout London, beyond the West End theatres that are considered for all the original Olivier Awards. This award also includes works performed by junior companies, or in smaller rooms, within the traditional West End theatres.
28th Texas Cavalry Regiment
The 28th Texas Cavalry Regiment was a unit of mounted volunteers recruited in east Texas that fought in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. In May 1862, the regiment entered Confederate service and served the entire war west of the Mississippi River in the region known as the Trans-Mississippi Department. The unit was soon dismounted before being assigned to the 2nd Brigade of the all-Texas infantry division known as Walker's Greyhounds. In 1863, the regiment played a secondary role at Milliken's Bend. The regiment fought in three major battles during April 1864, at Mansfield, Pleasant Hill, and Jenkins' Ferry. The Trans-Mississippi Department surrendered on 26 May 1865, but the survivors dispersed to their homes before that date.

Battle of Jenkins' Ferry
The Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, also known as the Engagement at Jenkins' Ferry,  was fought on April 30, 1864, in Hot Spring and Saline counties (present-day Grant County), Arkansas, during the American Civil War. Ending in a tactical Union victory, the Confederacy saw it as a strategic success as they prevented Frederick Steele from holding southwest Arkansas. Due to the chaotic nature of the battle, casualty figures vary.

Jenkins' Ferry was the decisive engagement of Steele's Camden Expedition (a part of the Red River Campaign) and E. Kirby Smith's last. As a result of the battle, Federal forces could complete a retreat from a precarious position at Camden to their defenses at Little Rock.

The battlefield has largely been preserved as a unit within the Arkansas State Park System.
Zaur Nudiraliyev
Zaur Ismayil oglu Nudiraliyev (Azerbaijani: Zaur İsmayıl oğlu Nudirəliyev; 1 September 1978 – 4 October 2020) was an Azerbaijani military officer, colonel who served in the Air Forces of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces. He had participated in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, and was killed during the Aras Valley campaign. Nudiraliyev had received the title of the Hero of the Patriotic War.

Azerbaijani Air Forces
The Azerbaijani Air Forces and Air Defense Troops (stylized as HHQ və HHM Qoşunları), composed of the Azerbaijani Air Forces (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Hərbi Hava Qüvvələri) and the Azerbaijani Air Defense Troops (Azərbaycan Hava Hücumundan Müdafiə Qoşunları), are the air and air defense service branch of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces.
2003 Preston City Council election
This article details the results of Elections to Preston City Council held in May 2003

Preston Council is elected "in thirds", which means in 2002 the entire council was up for election and in subsequent years one councillor from the three-member wards and one councillor from selected two-member wards defend their seat. In these result tables, the share of the vote is blank as the 2002 elections cannot be fairly compared. Any gain or loss can be recorded as each year the councillors are defending their ward results.

For more results see Preston local elections

City of Preston, Lancashire
The City of Preston, or simply Preston (/ˈprɛstən/ ⓘ), is a local government district with city status in Lancashire, England. It lies on the north bank of the River Ribble and has a population of 162,864 (2024). The neighbouring districts are Ribble Valley, South Ribble, Fylde and Wyre.

The district is named after its largest settlement, Preston, which lies in the south of the district. The district also includes rural areas to the north of the main urban area, including part of the Forest of Bowland, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In 2002 the district was granted city status to mark the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II; prior to this it was known as the Borough of Preston, having held borough status since its creation in 1974.
History of the Buffalo Bills
The history of the Buffalo Bills began in October of 1959, though their first game was in 1960, when the team began play as a charter member of the American Football League (AFL), winning two consecutive AFL titles in 1964 and 1965. The club joined the National Football League (NFL) as part of the 1970 AFL-NFL merger. The Bills have the distinction of being the only team to advance to four consecutive Super Bowls between 1990 and 1993, but also the regrettable distinction of losing all four of them.

The second NFL team to represent Buffalo, New York, the Bills were founded by Ralph Wilson, who owned the team from its establishment until his death in 2014. Wilson's estate sold the team to Terrence Pegula and his wife Kim later that year.

AFL–NFL merger
The AFL–NFL merger was the merger of the two major professional American football leagues in the United States at the time: the National Football League (NFL) and the American Football League (AFL). It paved the way for the combined league, which retained the "National Football League" name and logo, to become the most popular sports league in the United States. The merger was announced on the evening of June 8, 1966.

Under the merger agreement, the leagues maintained separate regular-season schedules for the next four seasons—from 1966 through 1969 with a final championship game which would become known as the Super Bowl—and then officially merged before the 1970 season to form one league with two conferences.
Absolute Andy
Andreas Ullmann (22 September 1983 – 23 November 2023), better known by his ring name Absolute Andy, was a German professional wrestler. He was best known for his work with Westside Xtreme Wrestling (wXw).

In wXw, he was a Grand Slam Champion, having been a two-time Unified World Wrestling Champion, a one-time Shotgun Champion, a five-time World Tag Team Champion and the 2018 winner of 16 Carat Gold. He had appeared for the promotion since the mid-2000s, and referred to himself as "The Veteran".

WXw Unified World Wrestling Championship
The wXw Unified World Wrestling Championship is a professional wrestling world heavyweight championship, contested in the German professional wrestling promotion, Westside Xtreme Wrestling. The championship was established in 2001 as the wXw World Heavyweight Championship, but was later unified with the wXw World Lightweight Championship to create the modern title.
Sheryl Scanlan
Sheryl Scanlan (born 8 September 1977), originally known as Sheryl Clarke, is a former netball international who has played for Samoa and New Zealand. She captained Samoa at the 1999 World Netball Championships. She was subsequently a member of the New Zealand teams that were gold medallists at the 2003 World Netball Championships and silver medallists at the 2002 Commonwealth Games and 2007 World Netball Championships. During the Coca-Cola Cup/National Bank Cup era, she played for Northern Force. During the ANZ Championship era, she played for Northern Mystics and Southern Steel. In 2022, she was included on a list of the 25 best players to feature in netball leagues in New Zealand since 1998.

Netball at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Netball at the 2002 Commonwealth Games was the second netball tournament at the Commonwealth Games. Ten teams, including the hosts England, featured in a series of matches played in July and August 2002 at Manchester's MEN Arena. With a team captained by Kathryn Harby-Williams, featuring  Catherine Cox, Sharelle McMahon, Nicole Richardson and Peta Squire and coached by Jill McIntosh, Australia won the tournament after defeating New Zealand 57–55 in the gold medal match. The match was tied at 46–46 at the end of normal time, and 14 minutes of extra-time saw the sides still level at 55–55. In sudden death extra-time, Sharelle McMahon scored the vital point to give Australia the necessary two-goal gap to win the gold medal. Jamaica finished the tournament in third place after defeating England 55–53 in the bronze medal match.
Agadir (granary)
An agadir (Tachelhit: ⴰⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ, plural: igudar or iguidar, "the wall" or "the fortified compound") is a fortified communal granary found in the Maghreb.

In Morocco, agadirs are most commonly found in the regions of the High Atlas, the Anti-Atlas mountains, and the Draa Valley. Some of them date back to the 10th century. Fortified granaries are also common in southern Tunisia, where they are referred to as a kasbah or, in the case of another type, as a ghorfa. In Algeria, they were once common in the Aurès Mountains, where they were known as a gal'a, but these were in the process of disappearing by the late 20th century.

Ghorfa
A ghorfa (Arabic: غرفة, lit. 'room') is a type of communal granary found mainly in southern Tunisia. Similar structures are also found in northeastern Libya. They are associated in particular with Berber settlements in these regions. They consist of a collection of vaulted rooms built in rows and stacked in multiple stories organized around an internal courtyard.
Makenna Morris
Makenna Taylor Morris (born April 26, 2002) is an American professional soccer player who plays for Racing Louisville FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). A versatile player, she can play as an outside back, midfielder, or forward. Morris played college soccer for the Clemson Tigers and was selected by the Washington Spirit in the first round of the 2024 NWSL Draft.

Racing Louisville FC
Racing Louisville Football Club is an American professional soccer team based in Louisville, Kentucky, that competes in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). Their second team plays in the USL W League. It began playing in 2021 at Lynn Family Stadium. The team is owned by Soccer Holdings LLC. The expansion team was announced on October 22, 2019. Currently, they are the only major professional team to play in the state of Kentucky.
Binod Bihari Mahto Koyalanchal University
Binod Bihari Mahto Koyalanchal University is a state university located in Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India. It oversees colleges across Dhanbad and Bokaro districts, including 13 constituent and 23 affiliated colleges, as well as institutions offering B.Ed., law, nursing, medical and pharmacy programs. The university offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses through 28 postgraduate departments and is officially recognised by University Grants Commission.

Bokaro district
Bokaro district is one of the most industrialized zones in India. It is one of the twenty-four districts of the Jharkhand state, India. It was established in 1991 by carving out one subdivision consisting of two blocks from Dhanbad district and six blocks from Giridih district. It is the part of State Capital Region(SCR).
Djoliba AC
Djoliba Athletic Club is a Malian football club and one of the two biggest teams in Mali alongside Stade Malien. The team is based in the capital city of Bamako. It has its headquarters and three training stadia at Complex Sportif Hérémakono, in the Heremakono Quartier. The President of Djoliba AC, re-elected in 2009 to a four-year term, is Karounga Keita, a Vice President of the Malian Football Federation, former trainer at the club, who was a player at the founding of the club in 1960. Djoliba or Joliba is the name of the Niger River in the Bamana language.  Not only a football club, Djoliba AC is an Omnisports club which fields teams in many sports, and is operated as a membership organisation with an elected board.

Malian Football Federation
The Malian Football Federation (French: Fédération Malienne de Football, FMF) is the governing body of football in Mali, organizing and governing all football leagues in the country. It joined CAF  in 1963 and has been affiliated with FIFA since 1964. Its first general secretary was Garan Fabou Kouyate.

The federation bureau was dissolved in July 2005 due to the Malian national football team's poor performance during the FIFA World Cup and the African Nations Cup qualifying.

The federation was suspended by FIFA on 17 March 2017.