hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gladiator (Jann song)
"Gladiator" is a single by Polish singer Jann. The song was released on 14 October 2022 via Fonobo Label and was a candidate to represent Poland in the 67th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest, taking part in its preselection, Tu bije serce Europy! Wybieramy hit na Eurowizję (transl. Here beats the heart of Europe! We choose the hit for Eurovision). Entering as the favourite to win the contest, the song was upset by Blanka's "Solo".

It has performed well on the Polish charts and streaming services, reaching number two. The song, along with Rozmanowski himself, have become a viral phenomenon due to the song's upset by "Solo" and the controversy that came around the victory of Stajkow.

Blanka (Polish singer)
Blanka Stajkow (Polish pronunciation: [ˈblaŋ.ka ˈstajkɔf] Bulgarian: Бланка Стайков; born 23 May 1999), known mononymously as Blanka, is a Polish singer and model. She represented Poland in the Eurovision Song Contest 2023 with the song "Solo", finishing in 19th place.
Érica García
Érica García (born 6 April 1968) is an Argentine composer and singer. She was nominated in the Latin Grammy Awards of 2000 for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance for her popular tune "Vete Destino" but did not win. While best known as a rock singer, she also sings tango music and jazz. She has worked as a writer, painter, fashion designer and television personality among other creative endeavours. Part of her ancestry can be traced to the Guaraní people.

Tango music
Tango (/ˈtæŋɡoʊ/ or /ˈtɑːŋɡoʊ/; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtaŋgo]) is a style of music in 24 or 44 time that originated in Uruguay and Argentina among European immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It has mainly Spanish, Italian, Gaucho, African, and French cultural roots. It is traditionally played on a solo guitar, guitar duo, or an ensemble, known as the orquesta típica, which includes at least two violins, flute, piano, double bass, and at least two bandoneóns. Sometimes guitars and a clarinet join the ensemble. Tango may be purely instrumental or may include a vocalist. Tango music and dance have become popular throughout the world.
Please Miniskirt Postwoman!
"Please Miniskirt Postwoman!" (プリーズ ミニスカ ポストウーマン！, Purīzu Minisuka Posuto Ūman) is the 8th major single by the Japanese girl idol group S/mileage. It was released in Japan on December 28, 2011, on the label Hachama.

The physical CD single debuted at number 4 in the Oricon daily singles chart.

In the Oricon weekly chart, it debuted at number five.

Up-Front Group
Up-Front Group Co., Ltd. (株式会社アップフロントグループ, Kabushiki gaisha Appu-Furonto Gurūpu) is a Japanese holding company for various entertainment companies. Its subsidiaries include the talent agency Up-Front Promotion and Up-Front Works, a music production and sales company that manages such record labels as Zetima, Piccolo Town, and Hachama.
Edward Woods (bishop)
Edward Sydney Woods (1 November 1877 – 11 January 1953) was an Anglican bishop, the second Bishop of Croydon (a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Southwark) from 1930 until 1937 and, from then until his death, the 94th Bishop of Lichfield.

Bishop of Lichfield
The Bishop of Lichfield is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Lichfield in the Province of Canterbury. The diocese covers 4,516 km2 (1,744 sq. mi.) of the counties of Powys, Staffordshire, Shropshire, Warwickshire and West Midlands. The bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Chad in the city of Lichfield. The Bishop's residence is the Bishop's House, Lichfield, in the cathedral close. In the past, the title has had various forms (see below). The current bishop is Michael Ipgrave, following the confirmation of his election on 10 June 2016.
Alta Trinità beata
Alta Trinità Beata is an anonymous Italian hymn from the 13th century, belonging to the genre of the lauda spiritual, though sometimes classified as a motet. This four-voice polyphonic composition (SATB), performed without instrumental accompaniment, celebrates the Holy Trinity through a text in vernacular Italian. Known for its simplicity and melodic beauty, it is considered one of the most emblematic sacred works of the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance music.

Motet
In Western classical music, a motet is mainly a vocal musical composition, of highly diverse form and style, from high medieval music to the present. The motet was one of the preeminent polyphonic forms of Renaissance music. According to the English musicologist Margaret Bent, "a piece of music in several parts with words" is as precise a definition of the motet as will serve from the 13th to the late 16th century and beyond. The late 13th-century theorist Johannes de Grocheo believed that the motet was "not to be celebrated in the presence of common people, because they do not notice its subtlety, nor are they delighted in hearing it, but in the presence of the educated and of those who are seeking out subtleties in the arts".
Brewster Higley
Brewster Martin Higley VI (November 30, 1823 – December 9, 1911) was an otolaryngologist who became famous for writing "My Western Home". Originally written in 1871 or 1872 and published under the title "My Western Home" in the Smith County Pioneer in the fall of 1873, possibly December, this poem later became the original lyrics for the famous American folk song "Home on the Range".

Because Higley wrote "Home on the Range" while living in Smith County, Kansas, and because Kansans felt it described their state very well, the Kansas legislature voted to make "Home on the Range" the official state song on April 8, 1947.

Smith County, Kansas
Smith County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat is Smith Center.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,570.  The county is named in memory of J. Nelson Smith, a major in the 2nd Colorado Cavalry, killed at the Battle of Westport on October 21, 1864.  The geographic center of the contiguous United States is located within the county, near Lebanon.
World Tofauti
World Tofauti (A Different World in English) is a 2017 Kenyan romantic film directed by Kang'ethe Mungai. The film stars Avril Singer and Innocent Njuguna. Maureen Njau features in a supporting role. A man robbed of his valuables at JKIA soon begins to fall in love with a ghetto girl who participated in robbing him despite being engaged to another girl.

Avril (singer)
Judith Nyambura Mwangi (born 30 April 1986), who is better known as Avril (/ˌævrɪl/),  is a Kenyan singer, songwriter, actress and entrepreneur. She was formerly signed to Ogopa Deejays, one of the leading music production and record labels in Kenya. As a singer, she is known for the singles "Mama", "Kitu Kimoja", "Chokoza" and "Hakuna Yule". As an actress, she is best known for playing Miss B'Have on Shuga: Love, Sex, Money (2012). Avril's contributions to the Kenyan entertainment industry have earned her one Nzumari Award, one Kisima Music Award, one Golden Mic Award and two Chaguo La Teeniez Awards.
Kweku Essien
Kweku Essien  (born 12 December 1984 in Kumasi) is a Ghanaian football player who is currently playing for Eleven Wise of the Globacom Premier League. Essien is variable in the midfield, he can play as attacking or defensive midfielder.

Ghana Premier League
The Ghana Premier League is the top professional association football league in Ghana organized by the Ghana Football Association and formed in 1958 to replace a previous league incarnation, the Gold Coast Club Competition which ran from 1933 to 1953–54. As of the first quarter of 2024, the league was ranked as the 8th best league in Africa by TeamForm.com.

Asante Kotoko is the most successful team in the league with 25 titles, followed by Accra Hearts of Oak with 20. The bottom 3 teams are relegated at the end of each season and placed in each zone of the Ghanaian Division One League.

The 2019–20 season was halted and eventually cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana that mirrored the cause of postponement or cancellation of association football leagues and competitions across the globe.
Royal Oak Charter Township, Michigan
Royal Oak Township is a charter township in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. An inner-ring suburb of Detroit, Royal Oak Township borders Detroit to the north, roughly 11 miles (17.7 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 2,374. It is independent of the city of Royal Oak.

The township is the only remaining unincorporated portion of the original 36-square-mile (93.2 km2) Royal Oak survey township, which was organized in 1833. With an area of 0.55 square miles (1.42 km2) since 2004, Royal Oak Charter Township is the state's smallest charter township by area and the second-smallest overall township in the state after Novi Township.

Charter township
A charter township is a form of local government in the U.S. state of Michigan. While all townships in Michigan are organized governments, a charter township has been granted a charter, which allows it certain rights and responsibilities of home rule that are generally intermediate between those of a city (a semi-autonomous jurisdiction in Michigan) and a village. Unless it is a home-rule village, a village is subject to the authority of any township in which it is located.

Of Michigan's 1,240 townships, 143 are charter townships. A number of charter townships are among the most populous municipalities in Michigan. For example, Clinton Township and Canton Township, both in Metro Detroit, were respectively the 8th and 9th most populous municipalities in Michigan at the 2020 census. The most recent township to become a charter township is Brady Township in Kalamazoo County, which adopted charter status on January 3, 2024.
Lecanora sorediomarginata
Lecanora sorediomarginata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. It forms a whitish-grey to greenish crust on pine bark, and reproduces mainly by powdery granules (soredia) that develop along the edges of the thallus and around the fruiting bodies. The species is recognised by a distinctive red reaction when tested with household bleach. It is known only from coastal pine forests in Portugal, where it grows on maritime and stone pines.

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.
Silvana Armenulić
Zilha Armenulić (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Силвана Барјактаревић; born Zilha Bajraktarević; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Зилха Барјактаревић; 10 February 1939 – 10 October 1976), known professionally as Silvana Armenulić (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Силвана Арменулић; pronounced [silvǎːna armɛ̌nulit͡ɕ]), was a Yugoslavian singer-songwriter and actress and one of the most prominent commercial folk music and traditional sevdalinka singers in Yugoslavia. She is called the "Queen of Sevdalinka". Her life was cut short when she died in a car crash at the age of 37, but she continues to be well regarded in the region and she is recognized for her unique singing style and voice. Armenulić's song "Šta će mi život" (What Do I Need a Life for), written by her friend and contemporary Toma Zdravković, is one of the best-selling singles from the former Yugoslavia.

Two of her sisters were also professional singers: Mirsada "Mirjana" Bajraktarević and Hajrudina "Dina" Bajraktarević.

Balkan folk music
Balkan folk music is the traditional folk music within Balkan region. In South Slavic languages, it is known as narodna muzika (народна музика) or folk muzika (фолк музика) in Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Serbo-Croatian, and alternatively narodna glazba in standard Croatian, and narodna glasba in Slovene. In Albanian it is known as muzikë popullore.

For more information regarding individual nations' folk music see:

Albanian folk music

Bosnian folk music

Bulgarian folk music

Croatian folk music

Macedonian folk music

Montenegrin folk music

Serbian folk music

Slovenian folk music
74th (City of Glasgow) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery
74th (City of Glasgow) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery, was a Scottish air defence unit of Britain's Territorial Army raised in Glasgow just before World War II. During the war it served in Home Defence and in Middle East Command. It continued to serve in the postwar TA until 1955.

Middle East Command
Middle East Command, later Middle East Land Forces, was a British Army Command established prior to the Second World War in Egypt. Its primary role was to command British land forces and co-ordinate with the relevant naval and air commands to defend British interests in the Middle East and eastern Mediterranean region.

During the Second World War, Middle East Command supervised military operations in and around the Mediterranean basin and the Middle East. Following the defeat of the Axis forces in the Western Desert at the Battle of El Alamein and the landing of additional Anglo-American forces during Operation Torch, it transferred control of land forces to the newly created Allied Forces Headquarters.
Montblanc (company)
Montblanc (UK: /ˌmɒˈblɒ(k)/, US: /ˌmɑːn(t)ˈblɑːŋk/) is a German manufacturer and distributor of luxury goods, which was founded in Berlin in 1906 and is currently based in Hamburg. The company is most known for its luxury pens, but it also designs and distributes bags, perfumes, small leather goods, and watches. Since 1993, Montblanc has been part of the Swiss Richemont group. The brand is named after Mont Blanc, the highest mountain in the Alps.

Luxury goods
In economics, a luxury good (or upmarket good) is a product or item or service  for which demand increases more than what is proportional as income rises, so that expenditures on the good become a more significant proportion of overall spending. Luxury goods are in contrast to necessity goods, where demand increases proportionally less than income. Whereas people consume necessity goods to meet basic survival needs, luxury goods are consumed both for their "intrinsic quality and to signal their wealth and confirm social status." In economics, luxury goods is often used synonymously with superior goods.
Maribyrnong Road
Maribyrnong Road is a major road in northwestern Melbourne, Australia. Named after the Maribyrnong River, the road forms the boundary between the suburbs of Moonee Ponds and Ascot Vale for its entire length. It runs almost exactly east–west across the City of Moonee Valley, from the Maribyrnong River to Mount Alexander Road, another major road that links the city centre with the airport.

Mount Alexander Road
Mount Alexander Road (and its northern section as Bulla Road) is a major road in Melbourne's inner northern suburbs, connecting the northern edges of the city district to just south of Essendon Airport. It was named after its original destination: the Gold Fields of Mount Alexander, now known as Castlemaine.
Horace Joules
Horace Joules LRCP, MRCP, MRCS, FRCP (21 March 1902 – 25 January 1977) was a British physician, health administrator and health campaigner, who played an important role in promoting public health and preventative medicine; particularly the link between cigarette smoking and lung cancer following the work of Richard Doll, Austin Bradford Hill, Ernst Wynder and Evarts Graham, and the adverse effects of air pollution.

Austin Bradford Hill
Sir Austin Bradford Hill CBE FRS (8 July 1897 – 18 April 1991) was an English epidemiologist who pioneered the modern randomised clinical trial and, together with Richard Doll, demonstrated the connection between cigarette smoking and lung cancer. Hill is widely known for the "Bradford Hill" criteria for considering whether an observed association is causal.
Liuba Zaldívar
Liuba María Zaldívar Rojas (born 1993) is a Cuban-born triple jumper who moved to compete for Ecuador. She qualified in 2019 and she took a gold medal in the Triple Jump at the 2022 Bolivarian Games for her new country.

2022 Bolivarian Games
The 2022 Bolivarian Games (Spanish: Juegos Bolivarianos), officially the XIX Bolivarian Games Valledupar 2022, was an international multi-sport event that was held in Valledupar, Colombia from June 24 to July 5. It was the fifth time of the event in Colombia.
Jacopo Foroni
Jacopo Foroni (Verona, 26 July 1825 — Stockholm, 8 September 1858) was an Italian opera composer and conductor who spent most of his working life in Sweden.

Foroni was born in Valeggio sul Mincio, near Verona, the son of the composer and conductor Domenico Foroni. After studies with his father and Alberto Mazzucato in Milan, Foroni became involved in the Five Days of Milan revolt against the Austrians in March 1848. With the failure of that movement, along with many others, he left Italy and worked as a conductor in France, Belgium and Holland with Italian touring opera companies before arriving in Sweden in 1849 to work for Vincenzo Galli's opera company at the Mindre teatern. There, he gave the Swedish premieres of works by Bellini and Donizetti as well as the young Verdi. He conducted the first music by Wagner to be heard in Sweden, the Tannhäuser overture, in 1856.

He died during a cholera epidemic in 1858.

Mindre teatern
Mindre teatern (The Smaller Theatre), Nya teatern (The New Theatre), Lindeberska teatern (The Lindeberg Theatre), was a Swedish theatre at Kungsgatan in Stockholm, active 1842–1863. The building was used as localities for the Royal Dramatic Theatre in 1863–1908.
Succinipatopsis
Succinipatopsis is an extinct genus of animal from Eocene-aged Baltic amber. This animal is known from a single fossil that preserves a body with 10 pairs of stubby appendages, with a hole between the third pair. Due to its poor preservation, the placement of Succinipatopsis is contested, as there are multiple interpretations of its anatomy. Some researchers consider it an onychophoran (velvet worm) that lost its claws when fossilized. Others reject this affinity due to differences between its cuticle and its apparent lack of onychophoran-specific traits.

Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.
Richard Callihan
Richard Callihan (born February 28, 1961) is an American former professional stock car racing driver who competed in the NASCAR Goody's Dash Series from 2002 to 2003.

Callihan has previously competed in the IPOWER Dash Series and the Northern Xtreme DirtCar Series.

ISCARS Dash Touring Series
The  ISCARS Dash Touring Series (previously known as the NASCAR Baby Grand National, Goody's Dash Series and IPOWER Dash Series among others) was a stock car racing series created by NASCAR in 1973, initially running solely at North Wilkesboro Speedway, that involved V6 powered stock cars raced over relatively short distances. In 1975 the series branched out to other tracks besides North Wilkesboro Speedway. After the end of the 2003 season, NASCAR transferred the Goody's Dash series to IPOWER (International Participants Of Winning Edge Racing). In 2004, they ran the IPOWER Dash Series. In January 2005, officials announced the cancellation of the 2005 Dash season due to problems with sponsorship. The International Sport Compact Auto Racing Series (ISCARS) purchased the series allowing the series to continue through 2005 and was operating until 2011.
Duane Ilstrup
Duane M. Ilstrup (born July 1, 1946) is an American medical statistician and the highly cited author or co-author of over 500 scientific articles. He worked at the Mayo Clinic from 1970 until 2003, and also became an associate professor of biostatistics at Mayo Medical School.

Ilstrup was born in Buffalo, Minnesota. He obtained a B.A. in mathematics and physics from Augsburg College in 1968 and a master's degree in biometry from the University of Minnesota in 1970.

Biostatistics
Biostatistics (sometimes referred to as biometry) is a branch of statistics that applies statistical methods to a wide range of topics in the biological sciences, with a focus on clinical medicine and public health applications. 
The field encompasses the design of experiments, the collection and analysis of experimental and observational data, and the interpretation of the results.
It is closely related to medical statistics.
Jonathan Orozco
Jonathan Emmanuel Orozco Domínguez (born 12 May 1986) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Orozco began his career with Monterrey making his debut in the Apertura 2005 tournament and became the starting goalkeeper in 2008, winning two league titles and three CONCACAF Champions League tournaments before transferring to Santos Laguna in 2016, helping them win the Clausura 2018 league title. In 2020 he was transferred to Tijuana.

Orozco made his international debut for Mexico on February 24, 2010, in a friendly against Bolivia. He was the starting goalkeeper in the 2013 CONCACAF Gold Cup and as a backup he won the 2011, 2015 and 2019 editions of the tournament.

2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup
The 2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the 15th edition of the CONCACAF Gold Cup, the biennial international men's soccer championship of the North, Central American, and Caribbean region organized by CONCACAF. The tournament was primarily hosted in the United States, with Costa Rica and Jamaica hosting double-headers in the first round of matches in groups B and C, respectively.

The United States were the defending champions, having won the 2017 tournament. With the abolition of the FIFA Confederations Cup, the CONCACAF Cup was annulled and the Gold Cup did not qualify the winner to a major tournament for the first time since 2009.

In February 2018, CONCACAF announced that the tournament would expand to 16 teams from 12.

Mexico won their record-extending eighth Gold Cup title (their eleventh CONCACAF championship overall) with their 1–0 victory over the United States in the final.
Don Shumpert
Don Shumpert (born January 8, 1992) is an American football coach who is currently the Bill Bidwill Coaching Fellowship recipient and assistant running backs coach for the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). Shumpert played wide receiver at Iowa.

Iowa Hawkeyes football
The Iowa Hawkeyes football program represents the University of Iowa in college football. The Hawkeyes compete in the Big Ten Conference. Iowa joined the Conference (then known as the Western Conference or Big Nine) in 1899 and played their first Conference football season in 1900. They are a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Hawkeyes play their home games in Iowa City, Iowa, at Kinnick Stadium, with a capacity of 69,250. The Hawkeyes are coached by Kirk Ferentz, who is in his 27th season as the head coach and is the longest current tenured head coach in NCAA Division I FBS. The Hawkeyes have won 13 conference championships (including 11 in the Big Ten). Iowa has been ranked #1 in the AP and Coaches Poll 15 times.