hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Finnish Workers' Sports Federation football team
Finnish Workers' Sports Federation football team (Finnish: TUL:n liittojoukkue) was an association football team representing the Finnish Workers' Sports Federation (TUL) in 1921–1950. At the time, the sport in Finland was divided as the leftist TUL was isolated from the right-wing sports movement. In football, the TUL clubs and the Finnish Football Association (SPL) clubs competed in their own championship series and the Finland national football team was selected of the SPL players only. The TUL football team participated the International Workers' Olympiads in 1925, 1931 and 1937 and the Moscow Spartakiad in 1928.

International Workers' Olympiads
International Workers' Olympiads were an international sporting event arranged between 1925 and 1937 by Socialist Workers' Sport International (SASI). It was an organisation supported by social democratic parties and International Federation of Trade Unions. Workers' Olympiads were an alternate event for the Olympic Games. The participants were members of various labor sports associations and came mostly from Europe. Nowadays the CSIT World Sports Games are the successor sports events of the International Workers' Olympiads. The "World Sports Games" is the main highlight and a new brand of the International Workers and Amateurs in Sports Confederation (CSIT). It is a sports event for thousands of workers and amateurs held every two years. The CSIT is an international multi-sports organization.
Hospital for Tropical Diseases (Thailand)
The Hospital for Tropical Diseases (Thai: โรงพยาบาลเวชศาสตร์เขตร้อน) is a hospital in Ratchathewi District, Bangkok. It is a public hospital operated by the Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University. It specialises in tropical medicine and, since 2012, travel medicine. It is one of the two institutes in Thailand (and also the world) that offers a travel medicine residency program (the other is the Institute of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Public Health).

Hospitals in Thailand
Hospitals in Thailand are operated by both the public and private sector, to provide medical services for prevention, cure and rehabilitation of patients with medical and health-related conditions. The majority are operated by the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH). Private hospitals are regulated by the Medical Registration Division under the MOPH's Department of Health Service Support following the Sanatorium Act, B.E. 2541. Other government units and public organisations also operate hospitals, including the military, universities, local governments and the Red Cross. The full listing of hospitals can be accessed at List of hospitals in Thailand.
Genius Products
Genius Products (formerly known as Genius Entertainment) was a home entertainment company based in Santa Monica, California, United States.

The Baby Genius line was one of a number of "smart toys" that came out in response to a study book about the Mozart effect.

Genius also released DVDs for other companies, including  Entertainment Rights, Classic Media, Sesame Workshop (from 2007 to 2009), ESPN, Discovery Communications, World Wrestling Entertainment, and PorchLight Entertainment.

PorchLight Entertainment
PorchLight Entertainment, Inc. was an American animation and live-action production company founded in 1995 by Bruce D. Johnson and William T. Baumann. It focused on the development & production of television series in both live action and animation formats, as well as content for film and home video.
Cephalomanes
Cephalomanes is a fern genus in the family Hymenophyllaceae. The genus is accepted in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I) but not by other sources, which sink it into a broadly defined Trichomanes.

Trichomanes
Trichomanes is a genus of ferns in the family Hymenophyllaceae, termed bristle ferns. The circumscription of the genus is disputed. All ferns in the genus are filmy ferns, with leaf tissue typically 2 cells thick.  This thinness generally necessitates a permanently humid habitat, and makes the fronds somewhat translucent. Because of this membrane-like frond tissue, the plant is prone to drying out. "Filmy ferns" in the taxa Hymenophyllaceae grow in constantly wet environments. Many are found in cloud forests such as "Choco" in Colombia. There are also members of the taxa that can grow submersed in water.

The name bristle fern refers to the small bristle that protrudes from the indusia of these ferns.
Kochangadi Synagogue
The Kochangadi Synagogue (Hebrew: בית הכנסת קוצ'נגאדי; Malayalam: കൊച്ചങ്ങാടി ജൂതപള്ളി), or Misro Synagogue, was an historic Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Kochangadi, south of Jew Town in Kochi, in the coastal state of Kerala, India.

It was built in 1344 by the Malabari Jews after fleeing from Cranganore, making it the oldest synagogue in India in recorded history. It was lost and never rebuilt. "Kochangadi" is an abbreviation of "Kocha Angadi" or "Jew Market", as Jews were addressed as Kocha in colloquial Malayalam.

The synagogue in its history underwent multiple stages of destruction and restoration. The ruins of the synagogue were believed to have been intact until the late 20th century. The compound had at least one intact wall and was colloquially called "Misro Palli" though the entomology of the name is lost to time. The foundation stone is retained in the courtyard wall of the Paradesi Synagogue of Mattancherry, by the Paradesi Jews.

Mattancherry
Mattancherry (Malayalam: [mɐʈːaːɲd͡ʒeːɾi]; Cochin Portuguese Creole: Cochim de Cima [ˈkoʃĩ ðɨ ˈsĩmɐ]) is a historic ward of Kochi, Kerala. It is about 9 km south-west from the city centre. Mattanchery is home to many sites of historical and cultural significance, including the Paradesi Synagogue, which was the centre of life in the Jewish Quarter. In addition to the Cochin Jews and Paradesi Jews, Mattanchery is also home to Konkanis and Gujaratis, with the Gujarati street in Mattancherry being a cultural icon for Keralite Gujaratis.
Marketing of off-label use
Marketing of off-label use is advertising the use of drugs for purposes not approved by the regional government. The practice is often illegal and has led to most of the largest pharmaceutical settlements after Franklin v. Parke-Davis, in which a court ruled off-label marketing a violation of the False Claims Act.

Pharmaceutical marketing
Pharmaceutical marketing is a branch of marketing science and practice focused on the communication, differential positioning and commercialization of pharmaceutical products, like specialist drugs, biotech drugs and over-the-counter drugs. By extension, this definition is sometimes also used for marketing practices applied to nutraceuticals and medical devices.

Whilst rule of law regulating pharmaceutical industry marketing activities is widely variable across the world, pharmaceutical marketing is usually strongly regulated by international and national agencies, like the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. Local regulations from government or local pharmaceutical industry associations like Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America or European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA) can further limit or specify allowed commercial practices.
Dilipkumar Roy
Dilip Kumar Roy (22 January 1897 – 6 January 1980), also spelt Dilipkumar Roy, was an Indian musician, singer, musicologist, novelist, poet, essayist and yogi. He was the son of Dwijendralal Ray (or Roy). In 1965, the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama, awarded him its highest honour for lifetime achievement, the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship.

Dwijendralal Ray
Dwijendralal Ray (19 July 1863 – 17 May 1913), also known as D. L. Ray, was an  Indian Bengali poet, playwright, and musician. He was known for his Hindu mythological and nationalist historical plays and songs known as Dwijendrageeti or the Songs of Dwijendralal, which number over 500, create a separate subgenre of Bengali music.
Independence Monument (Ukraine)
The Independence Monument (Ukrainian: Монуме́нт Незале́жності, romanized: Monument Nezalezhnosti) is a victory column located on Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Independence Square) in Kyiv, commemorating the independence of Ukraine in 1991.

Stylistically, it presents a mix of Ukrainian Baroque and Empire style. The monument was built in  the center of the square for the 10th anniversary of the independence in 2001. The monument itself is a column with a figurine of a woman (Berehynia) with guelder-rose branch in her hand. The height of the monument is 61 m (200 ft). The column is faced with white Italian marble that stands on a pedestal in the form of a Christian temple.

Victory column
A victory column, or monumental column or triumphal column, is a monument in the form of a column, erected in memory of a heroic commemoration, including victorious battle, war, or revolution. The column typically stands on a base and is crowned with a victory symbol, such as a statue. The statue may represent the goddess Victoria; in Germany, the female embodiment of the nation, Germania; in the United States either the female embodiment of the nation Columbia or Liberty; in the United Kingdom, the female embodiment Britannia, an eagle, or a naval war hero depicted as a helmeted woman, wielding a trident, shield and olive branch.
Oklahoma State Highway 127
State Highway 127 (SH-127) is a state highway in Delaware County, Oklahoma. It runs from US-59/SH-10/SH-20 in Jay, through the community of Zena, and ends at US-59/SH-10 north of Jay. Its total length is 13.08 miles (21.05 km) It has no lettered spur routes.

SH-127 was established as a state highway in the late 1950s. Initially, it was an all-gravel route. By the mid-1970s, the highway had been upgraded to a paved road.

Oklahoma State Highway 10
State Highway 10 (abbreviated SH-10) is a state highway in northeastern Oklahoma. It makes a 233.1 miles (375.1 km) crescent through the northeast corner of the state, running from SH-99 in Osage County to Interstate 40 (I-40) near Gore. It has two lettered spur routes.

SH-10 first appeared as part of the original highway system designated in 1924. The route originally served eastern Oklahoma as a border-to-border route, connecting the Red River near Hugo to the Missouri state line near Joplin, Missouri. Much of the southern half of the route was dropped in 1941, while western extensions throughout the 1940s brought the highway to its current routing.
Eucalyptus subcrenulata
Eucalyptus subcrenulata, commonly known as Tasmanian alpine yellow gum, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to the highlands of Tasmania. It has smooth bark, glossy green, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and hemispherical to bell-shaped fruit. It is similar to E. johnstonii, E. vernicosa and E. urnigera.

Eucalyptus johnstonii
Eucalyptus johnstonii, commonly known as Tasmanian yellow gum, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree endemic to Tasmania. It has smooth yellow to greenish bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of three, white flowers and hemispherical or bell-shaped fruit.
Mica Bay Incident
The Mica Bay Incident (also known as the Michipicoten War or the Mica Bay Uprising) was a land and resources dispute in along the shore of Lake Superior in November 1849. A group of Indigenous activits attacked copper mining sites established by the Quebec Mining Company, in attempt to force the Company off the land. Soldiers were sent to put down the protesters, and in December a number of the group's leaders were arrested and detained in Toronto. The protest was partly responsible for the signing of the 1850 Robinson-Huron Treaty.

Robinson Treaties
The Robinson Treaties are two treaties signed between the Ojibwa chiefs and the Crown in 1850 in the Province of Canada. The first treaty involved Ojibwa chiefs along the north shore of Lake Superior, and is known as the Robinson Superior Treaty. The second treaty, signed two days later, included Ojibwa chiefs from along the eastern and northern shores of Lake Huron, and is known as the Robinson Huron Treaty. The Wiikwemkoong First Nation did not sign either treaty, and their land is considered "unceded".

The Saugeen Surrenders of 1854 and the Pennefather Treaty of 1859 altered the original treaties.
Cedar River Railroad
The Cedar River Railroad (reporting mark CEDR) is a shortline subsidiary of the Canadian National Railway that operates on former Illinois Central Gulf Railroad trackage. In 1991, the railroad was formed as a reorganization of the bankrupt Cedar Valley Railroad, which had begun operations in 1984. It was owned by the Chicago Central and Pacific Railroad, itself an ICG spin-off that was reacquired by the successor Illinois Central Railroad in 1996.

The railroad has connections with the Union Pacific Railroad in Glenville, Minnesota, Iowa, Chicago and Eastern Railroad in Charles City, Iowa and Lyle, Minnesota, and Chicago Central and Pacific Railroad at Waterloo, Iowa.

Chicago Central and Pacific Railroad
The Chicago Central and Pacific Railroad (reporting mark CC) is part of the Illinois Central Railroad (IC), which is owned by the Canadian National Railway (CN) through the Grand Trunk Corporation. Operationally, the Chicago Central & Pacific is designated as the Iowa Zone of CN's Southern Region.
Generosity
Generosity (also called largesse) is the virtue of being liberal in giving, often as gifts. Generosity is regarded as a virtue by various world religions and philosophies and is often celebrated in cultural and religious ceremonies.

Scientific investigation into generosity has examined the effect of a number of scenarios and games on individuals' generosity, potential links with neurochemicals such as oxytocin, and generosity's relationship with similar feelings such as empathy.

Charity (practice)
Charity is the voluntary provision of assistance to those in need. It serves as a humanitarian act, and is unmotivated by self-interest. Various philosophical views about charity exist, which are often associated with religion.
Hail Haor Wildlife Sanctuary
Hail Haor Wildlife Sanctuary (Bengali: হাইল হাওর বন্যপ্রাণী সংরক্ষণ অভয়ারণ্য) is a major wildlife sanctuary  in Bangladesh. It is one of the most important wetlands in the Sylhet Basin for the resident and migratory waterfowls. It is also important watersource for the inhabitants living around when all other sources dry up during summer.  The sanctuary is located in Moulvibazar District, in the northeast region of the country.

Moulvibazar District
Moulvibazar District, (Bengali: মৌলভীবাজার জেলা) formerly South Sylhet  is the southeastern district of Sylhet Division in northeastern Bangladesh, named after the town of Moulvibazar. It is bordered by the Indian states of Tripura and Assam to the south and east, respectively; by the Bangladeshi districts of Habiganj to the west and Sylhet to the north.
Fort Franklin (Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania)
Fort Franklin was a stockaded fort constructed at the order of Benjamin Franklin in 1756, in response to a series of raids by Native American war parties on Pennsylvania settlements in late 1755, in particular the Great Cove massacre and the Gnadenhütten massacre. The fort was intended to provide protection for settlers' families during the French and Indian War, however the fort was poorly built, located in a sparsely populated area, and stood in a vulnerable position to the north of the Blue Mountain Ridge in Pennsylvania.: 135  Located halfway between Fort Allen and Fort Lebanon,: 243  it was one in a chain of defensive posts running from the New Jersey border, southwest to the Maryland border, when attacks on settlements were frequent at the beginning of the French and Indian War. The fort never saw military action and was abandoned in late 1757.

Fort Allen (Carbon County, Pennsylvania)
Fort Allen was a military structure built in Franklin Township (in what is now Weissport), in Carbon County, Pennsylvania in 1756. It was first of several frontier defenses erected by Benjamin Franklin for the Province of Pennsylvania during the French and Indian War. The garrison was rarely more than fifty men, and  the  fort never saw combat, however it became a center of contact and trade with Native Americans and served as a stopping point for Indians traveling to and from Bethlehem, Easton and Philadelphia. It was abandoned in 1761 near the end of the French and Indian War, and briefly reoccupied during Pontiac's War and again during the American Revolutionary War.: 224
Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen measure
In the mathematical discipline of ergodic theory, a Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen (SRB) measure is an invariant measure that behaves similarly to, but is not an ergodic measure. In order to be ergodic, the time average would need to equal the space average for almost all initial states , with  being the phase space. For an SRB measure , it suffices that the ergodicity condition be valid for initial states in a set  of positive Lebesgue measure.

The initial ideas pertaining to SRB measures were introduced by Yakov Sinai, David Ruelle and Rufus Bowen in the less general area of Anosov diffeomorphisms and axiom A attractors.

Axiom A
In mathematics, Smale's axiom A defines a class of dynamical systems which have been extensively studied and whose dynamics is relatively well understood. A prominent example is the Smale horseshoe map. The term "axiom A" originates with Stephen Smale.  The importance of such systems is demonstrated by the chaotic hypothesis, which states that, 'for all practical purposes', a many-body thermostatted system is approximated by an Anosov system.
British rule in the Lushai Hills
British rule in the Lushai Hills, spanning from the late 1889 to the 1947, commenced with the Chin-Lushai Expedition of 1889–90 leading to the formal establishment of the two administrative districts (North Lushai Hills, South Lushai Hills) in 1889 and continued through the integration of the regions into the province of Assam with both districts being merged as the Lushai Hills until India gained independence in 1947.

After the Chin–Lushai Expedition of 1889–90, South Lushai Hills was occupied in 1889, and the following year, it was formally annexed, becoming part of Bengal Presidency. North Lushai Hills was also occupied in 1889 and became part of British Assam. In 1889, the two districts merged and continued to be part of British Assam. In 1912, it was put into British India's Assam Province.

British rule in Assam
British rule in Assam started after the Treaty of Yandabo, in which Burma relinquished control over the Ahom kingdom, and the British took it under their protectorate. The kingdom ended in 1833 with British annexation. Other annexed areas in the region were integrated into an Assam province and governed by a British governor, until the Independence of India in 1947.
Qiantan International Business Zone (Shanghai)
Qiantan International Business Zone (Shanghai) (simplified Chinese: 上海前滩国际商务区; traditional Chinese: 上海前灘國際商務區; pinyin: Shànghǎi Qiántān Guójì Shāngwùqū) also called the New Bund, is a newly built International Business Zone in Qiantan, Pudong, Shanghai, China, lying to the south of the former Expo 2010 site next to  the Shanghai Oriental Sports Center. It is known as Shanghai's "second Lujiazui" as the Secondary Central business district developing close to Lujiazui.  It will be developed specifically as another new financial district of Shanghai, but will focus more on overall urban functionality.

By the end of May 2024, the municipal infrastructure in the Qiantan International Business Zone had been completed, including 15.5 kilometers of roads, the renovation of 1.55 kilometers of waterways, and nearly one million square meters of green space.

Lujiazui
Lujiazui (traditional Chinese: 陸家嘴; simplified Chinese:  陆家嘴; pinyin: Lùjiāzuǐ, Wu Chinese pronunciation: [lʊʔ˩ ka̱˨ t͡sz̩˧]) is a locality in Shanghai, a peninsula formed by a bend in the Huangpu River. Since the early 1990s, Lujiazui has been developed specifically as a new financial district of Shanghai. The decision to earmark Lujiazui for this purpose reflects its location: it is located on the east side of the Huangpu River in Pudong, and sits directly across the river from the old financial and business district of the Bund.

Lujiazui is a national-level development zone designated by the government. In 2005, the State Council reaffirmed the positioning of the 31.78 km2 (12.27 sq mi) Lujiazui area as the only finance and trade zone among the 185 state-level development zones in mainland China.
The Instructor (LDS Church)
The Instructor was an official periodical of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) between 1930 and 1970, during which time it was the official organ of the LDS Church's Sunday School organization.

Sunday School (LDS Church)
Sunday School (formerly the Deseret Sunday School Union) is an organization of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). All members of the church and any interested nonmembers, age 11 and older, are encouraged to participate in Sunday School.
William Henry Barlow
William Henry Barlow (10 May 1812 – 12 November 1902) was an English civil engineer of the 19th century, particularly associated with railway engineering projects. Barlow was involved in many engineering enterprises. He was engineer for the Midland Railway on its London extension and designed the company's London terminus at St Pancras.

With John Hawkshaw, he completed Isambard Kingdom Brunel's Clifton Suspension Bridge. Following the Tay Bridge disaster he sat on the commission which investigated the causes and designed the replacement Tay Bridge. Barlow was also an inventor and experimenter, patenting a design for a rail and carrying out investigations on the use and design of steel structures.

John Hawkshaw
Sir John Hawkshaw FRS FRSE FRSA MICE  (9 April 1811 – 2 June 1891), was an English civil engineer. He served as President of the Institution of Civil Engineers 1862-63. His most noteworthy work is the Severn Tunnel.
1995 Tuscan regional election
The Tuscan regional election of 1995 was one of the 1995 Italian regional elections that took place on 23 April. Vannino Chiti was elected president of the region of Tuscany, heading the centre-left coalition. Under new electoral laws, this was the first election in which the regional president was directly elected by the people.

1995 Italian regional elections
The Italian regional elections of 1995  were held on 23 April. These regional elections were the first to be held under the provisions of the new electoral system.

The centre-left coalition won the majority of votes in nine regions, while the centre-right coalition secured victory in only six regions.
Charles Louis, Count of Marsan
Charles Louis de Lorraine (21 October 1696 – 2 November 1755) was a French nobleman and general, member of a cadet branch of the House of Guise. He held the titles of Count of Marsan, lord of Pons and prince of Mortagne-sur-Gironde, but he was known by the courtesy title of Prince of Pons.

House of Guise
The House of Guise (/ɡwiːz/ GWEEZ, French: [ɡ(ɥ)iz]; Dutch: Wieze; German: Wiese) was a prominent French noble family that was involved heavily in the French Wars of Religion. The House of Guise was the founding house of the Principality of Joinville.