hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Friary, Oxford
The Friary, formally known as Blessed Agnellus of Pisa Friary, formerly All Saints Convent or St John's Home is a centre of formation for the Franciscan Order of Friars Minor Conventual in Cowley, Oxford, England. The building was constructed in 1873 as the convent of the Anglican Society of All Saints Sisters of the Poor. It is situated between St Mary's Road and Cowley Road, next to St John's Care Home and Helen & Douglas House. The friary and its chapel are Grade II listed buildings.

Order of Friars Minor Conventual
The Order of Friars Minor Conventual (O.F.M. Conv.) is a male religious fraternity in the Catholic Church and a branch of the Franciscan Order.  Conventual Franciscan Friars are identified by the affix O.F.M. Conv. after their names. They are also known as Conventual Franciscans or Minorites.

The Conventual Franciscan Friars have worldwide provinces that date to the 13th century. They dress in black or grey habits with white cords. Many friars engage in such ministries as teaching, parish ministry and service to the poor.
Dutch Grand Prix
The Dutch Grand Prix (Dutch: Grote Prijs van Nederland) is an annual Formula One World Championship auto racing event, held at Circuit Zandvoort, North Holland, the Netherlands, from 1950 through 1985, and after a 35 year hiatus, from 2021 to 2026.

It has been a part of the Formula One World Championship since 1952, and was designated the European Grand Prix twice, in 1962 and 1976, when this title was an honorary designation given each year to one Grand Prix race in Europe. It is also the first Grand Prix to have its own music track called Lights Out by Job Smeltzer better known as La Fuente which was played after the national anthem at the 2023 race.

1952 Dutch Grand Prix
The 1952 Dutch Grand Prix was a Formula Two race held on 17 August 1952 at the Circuit Zandvoort. It was race 7 of 8 in the 1952 World Championship of Drivers, in which each Grand Prix was run to Formula Two rules rather than the Formula One regulations normally used. The 90-lap race was won by Ferrari driver Alberto Ascari after he started from pole position, meaning that he had won the championship for the first time in his career, as well as becoming the second italian in the first three years to become Formula One World Champion. His teammates Giuseppe Farina and Luigi Villoresi finished in second and third places. Ascari overtook Fangio's record for the most race wins, scoring his seventh at this race.
Operation Chavín de Huántar
Operation Chavín de Huántar formerly called Operation Nipón 1996 was a military operation in which a team of 142 commandos of the Peruvian Armed Forces ended the 1997 Japanese embassy hostage crisis by raiding the Japanese ambassador's residence and freeing the hostages held there by the terrorist organization Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA). It is considered one of the most successful hostage rescues in history.

Peruvian Armed Forces
The Peruvian Armed Forces (Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas del Perú) are the military services of Peru, comprising independent Army, Navy and Air Force components. Their primary mission is to safeguard the country's independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity against any threat. As a secondary mission they participate in economic and social development as well as in civil defence tasks.

The National Police of Peru is often classified as a part of the armed forces. Although in fact it has a different organisation and a wholly civil mission, its training and activities over more than two decades as an anti-terrorist force have produced markedly military characteristics, giving it the appearance of a virtual fourth military service with significant land, sea and air capabilities and approximately 140,000 personnel. The Peruvian armed forces report through the Ministry of Defence, while the National Police of Peru report through the Ministry of Interior.
Jatav
Jatav, also known as Jatava/Jatan/ Jatua/Jhusia /Jatia/Jatiya, is an Indian Dalit community that are considered to be a sub-caste of the Chamar caste, who are classified as a Scheduled Caste under modern India's system of positive discrimination.

According to the 2011 Census of India, the Jatav community of Uttar Pradesh comprised 54% of that state's total 22,496,047 Scheduled-Caste population.

Reservation in India
Reservation is a system of affirmative action in India that was established during the British Raj. Based on provisions in the Indian constitution, it allows the union government and the states and union territories of India to allocate a specific percentage of reserved quotas or seats, in higher education admissions, employment, political bodies, etc., for "socially and economically backward citizens". Since its implementation, reservation has been a subject of massive debates and controversies over its impact, execution and effectiveness, significantly shaping the agendas of political parties and the actions of social groups.
Universal Edit Button
The Universal Edit Button is a browser extension that provides a green pencil icon in the address bar of a web browser that indicates that a web page on the World Wide Web (most often a wiki) is editable. It is similar to the orange "broadcast" RSS icon () that indicates that there is a web feed available. Clicking the icon opens the edit window. It was invented by a collaborative team of wiki enthusiasts, including Ward Cunningham, Jack Herrick and many others.

WikiHow
wikiHow is an online wiki-style publication featuring informational articles and quizzes on a variety of topics. Founded in 2005 by Internet entrepreneur Jack Herrick, its aim is to create an extensive database of instructional content, using the wiki model of open collaboration to allow users to add, create, and modify content. It is a hybrid organization, a for-profit company run for a social mission. wikiHow uses a forked version of the free and open-source MediaWiki software; these modifications made by wikiHow were freely available to the general public via a self-serve download site from 2010 to late 2020, when wikiHow chose to discontinue the self-serve portal, citing vague "DoS attacks", as well as noting that publishing the source code is "not part of our core mission".

In February 2005, wikiHow had over 35.5 million unique visitors. As of December 2021, wikiHow contains more than 235,000 how-to articles and over 2.5 million registered users.
Atomic domain
In mathematics, more specifically ring theory, an atomic domain or factorization domain is an integral domain in which every non-zero non-unit  can be written in at least one way as a finite product of irreducible elements. Atomic domains are different from unique factorization domains in that this decomposition of an element into irreducibles need not be unique; stated differently, an irreducible element is not necessarily a prime element.

Important examples of atomic domains include the class of all unique factorization domains and all Noetherian domains. More generally, any integral domain satisfying the ascending chain condition on principal ideals (ACCP) is an atomic domain. Although the converse is claimed to hold in Cohn's paper, this is known to be false.

The term "atomic" is due to P. M. Cohn, who called an irreducible element of an integral domain an "atom".

Unit (ring theory)
In algebra, a unit or invertible element of a ring is an invertible element for the multiplication of the ring. That is, an element u of a ring R is a unit if there exists v in R such that

where 1 is the multiplicative identity; the element v is unique for this property and is called the multiplicative inverse of u. The set of units of R forms a group R× under multiplication, called the group of units or unit group of R.  Other notations for the unit group are R∗, U(R), and E(R) (from the German term Einheit).

Less commonly, the term unit is sometimes used to refer to the element 1 of the ring, in expressions like ring with a unit or unit ring, and also unit matrix. Because of this ambiguity, 1 is more commonly called the "unity" or the "identity" of the ring, and the phrases "ring with unity" or a "ring with identity" may be used to emphasize that one is considering a ring instead of a rng.
Threeding
Threeding is an online marketplace and community for the exchange and sale of designs and templates related to 3D printing and modeling. The platform allows users to create personal storefronts where they can list and sell 3D-printable models to a global audience. It is one of several repositories within the 3D printing industry.

3D modeling
In 3D computer graphics, 3D modeling is the process of developing a mathematical coordinate-based representation of a surface of an object (inanimate or living) in three dimensions via specialized software by manipulating edges, vertices, and polygons in a simulated 3D space.

Three-dimensional (3D) models represent a physical body using a collection of points in 3D space, connected by various geometric entities such as triangles, lines, curved surfaces, etc. Being a collection of data (points and other information), 3D models can be created manually, algorithmically (procedural modeling), or by scanning. Their surfaces may be further defined with texture mapping.
Akarika Dawn
Akarika Dawn (born January 10, 1984) is an American athlete and coach who has played both American football and rugby league. He currently plays for the Jacksonville Axemen of the USA Rugby League (USARL). His position is second-row.

Dawn played college football for the University of Colorado Buffaloes as a linebacker. He later had a brief stint with the Austin Wranglers of the Arena Football League (AFL) and then tried his hand at rugby league, playing for the Jacksonville Axemen in Jacksonville, Florida and then the Burleigh Bears in Australia. Since 2010 he has played for Jacksonville and has played for both the United States and Canada.

United States men's national rugby league team
The United States national rugby league team represents the United States in international rugby league competitions. The team is managed by the USA Rugby League (USARL).

The United States competed with little success in some international games during the 1950s, but did not return to consistent competition until 1987. Following the establishment of the American National Rugby League (AMNRL) in 1997, the team began to participate in more regular international competition. They reached the quarterfinals of the 2013 Rugby League World Cup. In 2014, the USARL became the national governing body for rugby league in the United States.
Outline of rocketry
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to rocketry:

Rocketry – The design and construction of rockets and rocket engines, and the vehicles, missiles, and other items propelled by them.

Missile
A missile is an airborne ranged weapon capable of self-propelled flight aided usually by a propellant, jet engine or rocket motor.

Historically, 'missile' referred to any projectile that is thrown, shot or propelled towards a target; this usage is still recognized today with any unguided jet- or rocket-propelled weapons generally described as rocket artillery. Airborne explosive devices without propulsion are referred to as shells if fired by an artillery piece and bombs if dropped by an aircraft.

Missiles are also generally guided towards specific targets termed as guided missiles or guided rockets. Missile systems usually have five system components: targeting, guidance system, flight system, engine, and warhead. Missiles are primarily classified into different types based on firing source and target such as surface-to-surface, air-to-surface, surface-to-air and air-to-air missiles.
Short gastric arteries
The short gastric arteries are 5-7 small branches of the splenic artery that pass along part of the greater curvature of the stomach from left to right between the layers of the gastrosplenic ligament, and are distributed to the greater curvature of the stomach.

Splenic artery
In human anatomy, the splenic artery or lienal artery, an older term, is the blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the spleen. It branches from the celiac artery, and follows a course superior to the pancreas. It is known for its tortuous path to the spleen.
Kostopil
Kostopil (Ukrainian: Костопіль [kosˈtɔpilʲ] ⓘ; Polish: Kostopol) is a small city on the Zamchysko river in Rivne Oblast, western Ukraine (historical Volhynia). It was the administrative center of the Kostopil Raion up to 2020, but is now within the Rivne Raion. Population: 30,838 (2022 estimate).

Rivne Raion
Rivne Raion (Ukrainian: Рівненський район) is a raion in Rivne Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Rivne. Population: 625,543 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Rivne Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Rivne Raion was significantly expanded.  The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 92,981 (2020 est.).
Coins of the Hong Kong dollar
The Hong Kong coinage, including 10¢, 20¢, 50¢, $1, $2, $5 & $10, is issued by Hong Kong Monetary Authority on behalf of the Government of Hong Kong. From 1863 until 1992, these coins were embossed with the reigning British monarch's effigy. Since 1 January 1993, a new series depicting the bauhinia flower was gradually issued, including a new denomination of $10. Since the beginning of the coin replacement programme on 1 January 1993, over 585 million coins featuring Queen Elizabeth II have been withdrawn from circulation. However, these coins remain legal tender.
The total value of coins in circulation in Hong Kong can be found in Monthly Statistical Bulletin and the Annual Report.

Hong Kong Monetary Authority
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) is the central banking institution of Hong Kong. It is a government authority founded on 1 April 1993 when the Office of the Exchange Fund and the Office of the Commissioner of Banking merged. The organisation reports directly to the Financial Secretary.
8-Oxoguanine
8-Oxoguanine (8-hydroxyguanine, 8-oxo-Gua, or OH8Gua) is one of the most common DNA lesions resulting from reactive oxygen species modifying guanine, and can result in a mismatched pairing with adenine resulting in G to T and C to A substitutions in the genome. In humans, it is primarily repaired by DNA glycosylase OGG1. It can be caused by ionizing radiation, in connection with oxidative metabolism.

Guanine
Guanine (/ˈɡwɑːniːn/ ⓘ) (symbol G or Gua) is one of the four main nucleotide bases found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, the others being adenine, cytosine, and thymine (uracil in RNA). In DNA, guanine is paired with cytosine. The guanine nucleoside is called guanosine.

With the formula C5H5N5O, guanine is a derivative of purine, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. This unsaturated arrangement means the bicyclic molecule is planar.
Christian Harder
Christian Harder  is a professional poker player who along with Chris Bjorin has second most consecutive cashes in the World Series of Poker Main Event at four times (2010–2013) behind Ronnie Bardah. He has earned a World Championship of Online Poker championship. He is a Card Player Poker Pro. In 2009, he was ranked as the number one tournament player in the world.

Ronnie Bardah
Ronnie Bardah (born August 29, 1982) is an American professional poker player who won a World Series of Poker bracelet at the 2012 World Series of Poker and is also notable for holding the record for most consecutive World Series of Poker main event money finishes, with a streak of 5 years in a row from 2010 to 2014.
Forni della Signoria
The Forni della Signoria (Maltese: L-Ifran tas-Sinjurija; English: Bakeries of the Grandmaster) was a bakehouse in Valletta, Malta. It was constructed in the late 16th century by the Order of St John, and it consisted of a number of bakeries which produced bread for the inhabitants of Valletta and the surrounding area, as well as for the Order's garrison and navy.

It remained in use by the French and later the British militaries, until a new Royal Naval Bakery was opened in Birgu in 1845. The bakery was subsequently converted into stores, before falling into disrepair. The building was demolished in the early 20th century to make way for the Vincenti Buildings. The bakery gave its name to Old Bakery Street, one of the main streets of Valletta.

Navy of the Order of Saint John
The navy of the Order of Saint John, also known as the Maltese Navy, was the navy of the Knights Hospitaller. Established in the Middle Ages during the 12th century, it moved to Hospitaller Malta in 1530 and reached its peak in the 1680s under the direction of Grand Master Gregorio Carafa. The navy was disbanded following the French invasion of Malta in 1798, and its ships were incorporated into the French Navy.
Kacey Jones
Gail Zeiler (April 27, 1950 – September 1, 2016), known professionally as Kacey Jones, was an American singer-songwriter, producer and humorist. After co-writing the Mickey Gilley hit "I'm the One Mama Warned You About" (credited as Gayle Zeiler), she found success as a performer through the band Ethel & The Shameless Hussies, with whom she released her first album. Later, in 1997, she released her first solo album, Men Are Some of My Favorite People, through Curb Records, before founding her own label, IGO Records, co-founding the Kinkajou Records label with Kinky Friedman and creating two publishing houses—Zamalama Music and Mamalama Music. Since her first solo album, Jones released eight albums and produced music for both the theatrical comedy Nipples to the Wind and the movie (and TV series) Sordid Lives.

Mickey Gilley
Mickey Leroy Gilley (March 9, 1936 – May 7, 2022) was an American country music singer, businessman, actor, and musician.

Among his hits are "Room Full of Roses", "Don't the Girls All Get Prettier at Closing Time", and "Lonely Nights". Gilley charted 42 singles in the top 40 on the US Country chart. His cover of "Stand by Me" was used in the movie Urban Cowboy and his nightclub in Pasadena, Texas appeared in the movie. He was a cousin of Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl McVoy, and Jimmy Swaggart.
Vallo Kirs
Vallo Kirs (born 23 November 1987) is an Estonian stage, film, and television actor and stage director whose career began as a teenager in 2004. Kirs is possibly best recalled internationally for his role as Kaspar in the 2007 Ilmar Raag-directed feature film drama Klass.

Ilmar Raag
Ilmar Raag (born 21 May 1968 in Kuressaare) is an Estonian media executive, actor, screenwriter and film director, best known for his socio-critical film The Class. He was CEO of Estonian Television from 2002 to 2005. He is a well known columnist in many prestigious Estonian newspapers (Postimees, Eesti Päevaleht). He has written many scripts and directed critically acclaimed films, notably August 1991 and The Class.
Agra Presidency
Agra Presidency was constituted as one of the four presidencies of British India (the other three being Bengal, Bombay, and Madras) and was among the eight separate administrative divisions into which India was divided in the first half of the 19th century. It had an area of 9,479 mi2 (24,550 km2) and a population of about 4,500,000.

Agra Presidency was established on 14 November 1834 under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 85) by elevating and renaming the Ceded and Conquered Provinces. Sir C. T. Metcalfe was appointed as the new Governor for the Presidency. However, in 1835 another act of Parliament, the India (North-West Provinces) Act 1835 (5 & 6 Will. 4. c. 52) renamed the region to the North-Western Provinces, this time to be administered by a Lieutenant-Governor. Agra Presidency ceased to exist on 1 June 1836.

North-Western Provinces
The North-Western Provinces (NWP) was an administrative region in British India. The North-Western Provinces were established in 1836, through merging the administrative divisions of the Ceded and Conquered Provinces. In 1858, the Nawab-ruled kingdom of Oudh was annexed and merged with the North-Western Provinces to form the renamed North-Western Provinces and Oudh (NWP&O). In 1902, this province was reorganized to form the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh. Allahabad served as its capital from 1858, when it also became the capital of India for a day.
Holum
Holum is a former municipality that was located in the old Vest-Agder county in Norway.  The 116-square-kilometre (45 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964.  The administrative centre was the village of Krossen where Holum Church is located. The municipality was located in the present-day municipality of Lindesnes in what is now Agder county.

Holum Church
Holum Church (Norwegian: Holum kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Lindesnes Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the village of Krossen. It is the church for the Holum parish which is part of the Lister og Mandal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1825 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 480 people.
Outline of India
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to India:

Republic of India – the seventh-largest country by area, located on the Indian subcontinent in South Asia. India was home to the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation, and is the birthplace of four major world religions: Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism. It is also home to followers of Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Zoroastrianism.. From 1857 to 1947, India was under British rule. India became an independent nation in 1947 after a struggle for independence, and underwent a violent partition, which split the erstwhile British Raj into the independent countries of India and Pakistan, (with East Pakistan rebelling against Pakistan in 1971 to form Bangladesh). As of June 2025, India is the most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion. It is recognised as the world's largest democracy by population and has emerged as the fourth-largest economy globally.

Jainism in India
Jainism is India's sixth-largest religion. As per the census of 2011, there were 4,451,753 and counting Jains in the 1.35 billion population of India, the majority living in Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, and so on. However, the influence of Jainism has been far greater on Indian and the South Asian population than these numbers suggest. Jains can be found in every state and every union territories of India, varying from large societies to smaller. The state of Jharkhand, with a population of 16,301 and counting Jains also contains the most holy pilgrimage centre of Sammed Shikhar. Indian Jains can also be found in many other countries throughout the world.
Jack Tinkler
Jack Tinkler is a former football (soccer) player who represented New Zealand at the international level.

Tinkler played two official A-international matches for the All Whites in 1927, both against the touring Canadians, the first a 2–2 draw on 25 June 1927, the second a 1–2 loss on 2 July.

New Zealand men's national football team
The New Zealand men's national football team (Māori: Tīma hoka a-motu o Aotearoa) represents New Zealand in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the governing body for football in New Zealand, New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the All Whites (Māori: Ōmā [ɔːmaː]).

The team represented New Zealand at the FIFA World Cup tournaments in 1982 and 2010, and are set to appear in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It also participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 1999, 2003, 2009, and 2017. New Zealand is a six-time OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand was the only unbeaten country in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, drawing all three group stage games; nevertheless, they were eliminated in the group stage.