hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Derrick Sherwin
Derrick George Sherwin (16 April 1936 – 17 October 2018) was an English television producer, writer, story editor and actor. After beginning his career in the theatre, Sherwin became an actor in television before moving into writing. He became the story editor on Doctor Who and, as the producer of the series in 1969, he oversaw the transition from black-and-white to colour by producing Patrick Troughton's final story and Jon Pertwee's first. He also co-produced Paul Temple for the BBC.

Jon Pertwee
John Devon Roland Pertwee (/ˈpɜːrtwiː/; 7 July 1919 – 20 May 1996), known professionally as Jon Pertwee, was an English actor. He made many appearances on television, film and in the theatre throughout the 1950s and 1960s, but is best known for playing the third incarnation of the Doctor in the long-running science fiction series Doctor Who (1970–1974) and the title character in Worzel Gummidge (1979–1981 and 1987–1989). Other notable roles included Chief Petty Officer Pertwee (and three other characters) in the BBC Radio sitcom The Navy Lark (1959–1977) and appearing in four films in the Carry On series (1964–1992). He also hosted the game show Whodunnit? (1974–1978).

Towards the end of his life, Pertwee maintained a close association with Doctor Who by appearing at many fan conventions related to the series and giving interviews.
Marshall McDonald (saxophonist)
Marshall McDonald (born August 31, 1959) is an American jazz saxophonist, woodwind specialist, and bandleader. He is best known for his nearly two-decade tenure as lead alto saxophonist with the Count Basie Orchestra, and for his work with Lionel Hampton, Paquito D'Rivera, Chico O’Farrill, and the Duke Ellington Orchestra. A multi-reed player, McDonald has performed on alto, tenor, baritone saxophones, clarinet, and flute across major jazz ensembles and recordings.

Lionel Hampton
Lionel Leo Hampton (April 20, 1908 – August 31, 2002) was an American jazz vibraphonist, percussionist, and bandleader. He worked with jazz musicians from Teddy Wilson, Benny Goodman, and Buddy Rich, to Charlie Parker, Charles Mingus, and Quincy Jones. In 1992, he was inducted into the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame, and he was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1996.

Hampton was a member of the executive committee of the Writers and Artists for Peace in the Middle East, a pro-Israel group. In 1984, he signed a letter protesting German arms sales to Saudi Arabia.
Aetobarbakinoides
Aetobarbakinoides is an extinct genus of stagonolepidid aetosaur known from the Late Triassic of Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. Fossils have been found from the Santa Maria Supersequence of the late Carnian and early Norian stages, making Aetobarbakinoides one of the oldest aetosaurs. The type species, A. brasiliensis, was named in 2012, and is notable for being described primarily by features of the vertebrae; most other aetosaurs are diagnosed by features in bony plates called osteoderms, which are by far the most common material. Although placed in a basal phylogenetic position among aetosaurs, Aetobarbakinoides is closely related to both desmatosuchines and typothoracisines, two derived clades of aetosaurs.

Desmatosuchinae
Desmatosuchinae is a major subfamily of aetosaurs within the clade Desmatosuchia. It is a stem-based taxon defined as all aetosaurs more closely related to Desmatosuchus than to Stagonolepis, Aetosaurus, or Paratypothorax.

The clade Desmatosuchinae has often been restricted to a few closely related aetosaurs with spiny armor, such as Desmatosuchus, Longosuchus, and Lucasuchus. It was later expanded to include a number of Stagonolepis-like aetosaurs with less specialized armor. Under this more expansive usage, the strongly-supported clade encompassing "traditional" desmatosuchines (sensu stricto) was given a new name, Desmatosuchini. Synapomorphies that diagnose this clade can be found in the osteoderms. These include tongue-and-groove articulations for lateral plates present in dorsal presacral paramedian plates and large spikes on the lateral cervical, dorsal, and caudal plates.
1286 Banachiewicza
1286 Banachiewicza (prov. designation: 1933 QH) is an elongated Eos asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 25 August 1933, by Belgian astronomer Sylvain Arend at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle. The stony S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 8.6 hours and measures approximately 21 kilometers (13 miles) in diameter. It was named after Polish astronomer Tadeusz Banachiewicz.

Eos family
The Eos family (adj. Eoan /iːˈoʊən/; FIN: 606) is a very large asteroid family located in the outer region of the asteroid belt. This family of K-type asteroids is believed to have formed as a result of an ancient catastrophic collision. The family's parent body is the asteroid 221 Eos.
The Cock
The Cock is a gay dive bar in the East Village neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It is noted for its exhibitionist atmosphere and popularity as a cruising destination. Opened in 1998, the venue has been described by them. magazine as "a rarified taste of old New York and the cruisy gay scene that existed [there] in the '80s and '90s". In the late 1990s and early 2000s, it experienced frequent police raids under Mayor Rudy Giuliani's anti-nightlife crackdowns. The Cock has relocated twice, and its 2015 move along Second Avenue was met with opposition by nearby residents and Manhattan Community Board 3. Two other attempted moves, in 2014 and 2021, were blocked by the community board. Critics characterize the bar as "filthy", "seductive", and "alluring", noting that it is an unusual find in the United States and bears resemblance to European red-light district establishments.

Second Avenue (Manhattan)
Second Avenue is located on the East Side of the New York City borough of Manhattan extending from Houston Street at its south end to the Harlem River Drive at 128th Street at its north end. A one-way street, vehicular traffic on Second Avenue runs southbound (downtown) only, except for a one-block segment of the avenue in Harlem. South of Houston Street, the roadway continues as Chrystie Street south to Canal Street.

A bicycle lane runs in the leftmost lane of Second Avenue from 125th to Houston Streets. The section from 55th to 34th Streets closes a gap in the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway.

Second Avenue passes through a number of Manhattan neighborhoods including (from south to north) the Lower East Side, the East Village, Stuyvesant Square, Kips Bay, Tudor City, Turtle Bay, East Midtown, Lenox Hill, Yorkville and Spanish Harlem.
Aryeh Leib Malin
Aryeh Leib Malin (1906–1962) was a Polish-born American Haredi Jewish rabbi, Talmudic scholar, and Mussarist who taught the Torah and spread rabbinical education in Europe, China, Japan, and the United States.

Musar movement
The Musar movement (Hebrew: תְּנוּעַת הַמוּסָר, romanized: tnūʿat ha-Mūsar; also spelled Mussar) is an ethical, educational, and cultural movement in Judaism that developed in 19th-century Lithuania, particularly among Orthodox Lithuanian Jews. Musar (Biblical Hebrew: מוּסָר) is derived from Proverbs 1:2, wherein the author of the book of Proverbs uses the term to describe moral behavior, instruction, and discipline, with an emphasis on educating oneself about how to act properly. The term was used by the originators of the Musar movement to convey teachings regarding ethical and spiritual paths found in the Musar literature (סִפְרוּת הַמוּסָר, sifrūt ha-Mūsar). The Musar movement made significant contributions to the Musar literature and Jewish ethics. The movement was revived in the 21st century among Jews of all denominations, particularly in the United States.
Khamerernebty I
Khamerernebty I was an ancient Egyptian queen of the 4th dynasty. She was probably a wife of King Khafre and the mother of King Menkaure and Queen Khamerernebty II. It is possible that she was a daughter of Khufu, based on the fact that inscriptions identify her as a King's daughter.

Khafre
Khafre or Chephren (died c. 2532 BC) was an ancient Egyptian monarch who was the fourth king of the Fourth Dynasty, during the earlier half of the Old Kingdom period (c. 2700–2200 BC). He was son of the king Khufu, and succeeded his brother Djedefre to the throne.

Khafre's enormous pyramid at Giza, the Pyramid of Khafre, is surpassed only by his father's (the Great Pyramid). The Great Sphinx of Giza was also built for him, according to some egyptologists, although this remains unconfirmed. Little is known about Khafre aside from the reports of Herodotus, a Greek historian who wrote 2,000 years later.
Inca Garcilaso de la Vega Avenue
Inca Garcilaso de la Vega Avenue (Spanish: Avenida Inca Garcilaso de la Vega), also known by its old name, Wilson Avenue (Spanish: Avenida Wilson), is an avenue in Lima, Peru.

It is constituted as one of the main access roads to the historic centre of Lima and extends from north to south along 13 blocks. Its route begins on block 7, as it continues the numbering that begins with Tacna Avenue, continuing towards the south to Arequipa Avenue.

Avenida Arequipa
Arequipa Avenue (Spanish: Avenida Arequipa) is one of the main avenues of Lima, Peru. It extends from north to south through the districts of Lima, Lince, San Isidro and Miraflores along 52 blocks. It has a bike path located along its entire central berm.
Arkansas Highway 341
Highway 341 (AR 341, Ark. 341, and Hwy. 341) is a designation for two north–south state highways in Baxter County. One segment of 26.15 miles (42.08 km) runs from Highway 14 north to Highway 5 in Salesville. A second segment of 1.91 miles (3.07 km) runs northeast from Highway 5 near Briarcliff to Tracy Ferry Road/Rocky Ridge Road near Norfork Lake.

Arkansas Highway 5
Arkansas Highway 5 (AR 5) is a designation for three state highways in Arkansas. The southern segment of 45.84 miles (73.77 km) runs from U.S. Route 70 (US 70) east of Hot Springs north to Interstate 430 (I-430) in Little Rock.

A northern segment of 146.63 miles (235.98 km) runs from I-57 in Cabot north to the Missouri state line, including a lengthy overlap with Highway 25 between Heber Springs and Wolf Bayou. A portion of this route is designated as part of the Sylamore Scenic Byway. This segment also contained a former spur route in Mountain Home.

The Main Street Bridge in Little Rock carries a third, unsigned, Highway 5 designation. The bridge is 0.38 miles (0.61 km) in span.

All three routes are maintained by the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ArDOT).
Metulji botnet
The Metulji botnet, discovered in June 2011, is a botnet mainly involved in cyberscamming and denial of service attacks. Before the botnet itself was dismantled, it consisted of over  12 million individual zombie computers infected with the "Butterfly Bot", making it, as of June 2011, the largest known botnet.

It is not known what type of computers are vulnerable, or how to tell if a computer is a part of this botnet.

Zombie (computing)
In computing, a zombie is a computer connected to the Internet that has been compromised by a hacker via a computer virus, computer worm, or trojan horse program and can be used to  perform malicious tasks under the remote direction of the hacker. Zombie computers often coordinate together in a botnet controlled by the hacker, and are used for activities such as spreading e-mail spam and launching distributed denial-of-service attacks (DDoS attacks) against web servers.  Most victims are unaware that their computers have become zombies. The concept is similar to the zombie of Haitian Voodoo folklore, which refers to a corpse resurrected by a sorcerer via magic and enslaved to the sorcerer's commands, having no free will of its own. A coordinated DDoS attack by multiple botnet machines also resembles a "zombie horde attack", as depicted in fictional zombie films.
NWA United States Junior Heavyweight Championship (Mid-America version)
The NWA United States Junior Heavyweight Championship was a National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) sanctioned professional wrestling championship promoted by NWA Mid-America in and around their Tennessee and Kentucky territory from 1955 until 1974. The championship was limited to wrestlers in the Junior Heavyweight division, limited to wrestlers weighing less than 220 lb (100 kg). The NWA also sanctioned the NWA World Junior Heavyweight Championship, with the United States version serving as one of several local level Junior Heavyweight Championships. Because the championship was a professional wrestling championship, it was not won or lost competitively but instead by the decision of the bookers of a wrestling promotion. The championship was awarded after the chosen wrestler "won" a match to maintain the illusion that professional wrestling is a competitive sport.

NWA World Junior Heavyweight Championship
The NWA World Junior Heavyweight Championship is a professional wrestling world championship in the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). Created in 1943, the title is competed for by junior heavyweight wrestlers.
Opuntia × alta
Opuntia alta is a cactus species in the genus Opuntia. It is a large plant, with some older specimens forming trees to 4.6 metres (15 ft) tall. It is a naturally occurring hybrid of Opuntia engelmannii var. lindheimeri and O. stricta native to Texas and Louisiana.

Opuntia lindheimeri
Opuntia lindheimeri or Texas prickly pear is a species of cactus native to North America. It is native to Mexico and the United States, where its populations are primarily in Texas.

Widespread taxonomic confusion has prevented a clear understanding of the true range of this species, resulting in significant publication discrepancies regarding both its western and eastern boundaries. According to Opuntia Web group, this species is typically found in more mesic habitats with deeper soils.
Kirloskar Group
Kirloskar Group is an Indian conglomerate, headquartered in Pune and manufacturing plant in Kirloskarvadi. The group exports to over 70 countries over most of Africa, Southeast Asia and Europe.  The flagship and holding company, Kirloskar Brothers Ltd, established in 1888 in Kirloskarvadi, kirloskar group is India's largest maker of pumps and valves. It was the manufacturer of India's first modern iron plough.  One of the group companies is a major component supplier for the Indian Arihant Nuclear Submarine program

Kirloskarwadi
Kirloskarvadi is India's second-oldest industrial township that developed around the Kirloskar Brothers Ltd factory in the Palus, Sangli district, in Maharashtra state, India. It is the second-oldest industrial township in India. On 10 March 2010, Kirloskarvadi celebrated 100 years of its establishment. Kirloskarvadi is a rapidly growing satellite suburb of Palus city. The famous holy place of God Datta Maharaj Audumbar is just 10 km away. While Sagareshwar picnic spot is around 8–10. The town has centric connectivity between Satara-Sangli-Kolhapur
Plaza Hollywood
Plaza Hollywood (Chinese: 荷里活廣場; Jyutping: ho4 lei5 wut6 gwong2 coeng4) is a large shopping centre in Diamond Hill, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It is part of Galaxia, a residential estate of Wharf Holdings.

The shopping centre opened in 1997, and includes four levels surrounding a central atrium. It has more than 220 shops, a large supermarket, food court, restaurants and cinema. It is themed after Hollywood in the United States.

The Wharf (Holdings)
The Wharf (Holdings) Limited (Chinese: 九龍倉集團), or Wharf (九倉) in short, is a company founded in 1886 in Hong Kong. As its name suggests, the company's original business was in running wharfage and dockside warehousing, and it was originally known as The Hong Kong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company, Limited and founded by Sir Paul Chater. The company adopted its current name in 1986. The current major holder of the company is Wheelock & Co.
Hochschwab Mountains
The Hochschwab, Hochschwab Mountains, Hochschwab Alps or Hochschwab Group (German: Hochschwabgruppe) is a mountain range in the Northern Limestone Alps of Austria. The range is in Styria. The highest peak is also called Hochschwab and is 2,277 metres above the Adriatic.

Northern Limestone Alps
The Northern Limestone Alps (German: Nördliche Kalkalpen), also called the Northern Calcareous Alps, are the ranges of the Eastern Alps north of the Central Eastern Alps located in Austria and the adjacent Bavarian lands of southeastern Germany. The distinction from the latter group, where the higher peaks are located, is based on differences in geological composition.
Australian Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Materials
The Australian Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Materials (AICCM) is Australia's national membership organisation for conservation professionals. Its members are mainly professional conservators, conservation students and cultural heritage member organisations in the Australian and Pacific region. It provides services for members and resources for the public and associated cultural heritage organisations and liaises with other professional associations including the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA), the Australian Society of Archivists and Australian Museums and Galleries Association.

AICCM has seven state and territory divisions.

Conservation and restoration of cultural property
The conservation and restoration of cultural property focuses on protection and care of cultural property (tangible cultural heritage), including artworks, architecture, archaeology, and museum collections. Conservation activities include preventive conservation, examination, documentation, research, treatment, and education. This field is closely allied with conservation science, curators and registrars.
Congruence-permutable algebra
In universal algebra, a congruence-permutable algebra is an algebra whose congruences commute under composition. This symmetry has several equivalent characterizations, which lend to the analysis of such algebras. Many familiar varieties of algebras, such as the variety of groups, consist of congruence-permutable algebras, but some, like the variety of lattices, have members that are not congruence-permutable.

Variety (universal algebra)
In universal algebra, a variety of algebras or equational class is the class of all algebraic structures of a given signature satisfying a given set of identities. For example, the groups form a variety of algebras, as do the abelian groups, the rings, the monoids etc. According to Birkhoff's theorem, a class of algebraic structures of the same signature is a variety if and only if it is closed under the taking of homomorphic images, subalgebras, and (direct) products. In the context of category theory, a variety of algebras, together with its homomorphisms, forms a category; these are usually called finitary algebraic categories.

A covariety is the class of all coalgebraic structures of a given signature.
Factory ship
A factory ship, also known as a fish processing vessel, is a large ocean-going vessel with extensive on-board facilities for processing and freezing caught fish or whales. Modern factory ships are automated and enlarged versions of the earlier whalers, and their use for fishing has grown dramatically. Some factory ships are equipped to serve as a mother ship.

Mother ship
A mother ship, mothership or mother-ship is a large vehicle that leads, serves, or carries other smaller vehicles. A mother ship may be a maritime ship, aircraft, or spacecraft.

Examples include bombers converted to carry experimental aircraft to altitudes where they can conduct their research (such as the B-52 carrying the X-15), or ships that carry small submarines to an area of ocean to be explored (such as the Atlantis II carrying the Alvin).

A mother ship may also be used to recover smaller craft, or go its own way after releasing them. A smaller vessel serving or caring for larger craft is usually called a tender.
Inflation in Chile
Inflation in Chile has been a significant issue for the economy since the start of the 20th century. During the 2020s Chile again surfaced as an economic problem during the second presidency of Sebastián Piñera (March 2018–March 2022) and has remained such. Current inflation has been attributed to a series of private pension fund withdrawals allowed by the Congress of Chile in response to the economic hardships of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. Besides this, food prices are held by the Food and Agriculture Organization to have increased as consequence of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Central Bank autonomy, inflation targeting and counter-cyclical fiscal rules are important elements in the Chilean state policy to keep inflation low.

Pensions in Chile
The Chile pension system (Spanish: Sistema Previsional) refers to old-age, disability and survivor pensions for workers in Chile. The pension system was changed by José Piñera, during Augusto Pinochet's dictatorship, on November 4, 1980 from a PAYGO-system to a fully funded capitalization system run by private sector pension funds. Many critics and supporters see the reform as an important experiment under real conditions, that may give conclusions about the impact of the full conversion of a PAYGO-system to a capital funded system. The development was therefore internationally observed with great interest. Under Michelle Bachelet's government the Chile Pension system was reformed again.
Wada Eisaku
Wada Eisaku (和田英作; December 23, 1874 – January 3, 1959) was a Japanese painter and luminary of the yōga (or Western-style) scene in the late Meiji, Taishō, and Shōwa eras. He was a member of the Japan Art Academy, an Imperial Household Artist, a recipient of the Order of the Sacred Treasure and Order of Culture, an Officier in the Légion d'honneur, and a Person of Cultural Merit.

Japan Art Academy
Japan Art Academy (日本芸術院, Nihon Geijutsu-in) is the highest-ranking official artistic organization in Japan. It is established as an extraordinary organ of the Japanese Agency for Cultural Affairs (文化庁, Bunkacho) in the thirty-first article of the law establishing the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. The Academy discusses art-related issues, advises the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology on art-related issues, and promotes arts in three categories: 1) fine art, 2) literary arts, 3) music, drama, and dance. It is closely associated with the annual Japan Art Academy Exhibition (Nitten), the premier art exhibition in Japan; the Japan Art Academy originally ran the Nitten but since 1958 the exhibition is run by a separate private institution. The Japan Art Academy headquarters is in Ueno Park, Tokyo.

The Japan Art Academy should not be confused with the Japan Art Institute, which is a completely different organization.
Tangenziale di Padova
The GRAP (Grande Raccordo Anulare di Padova) is the orbital motorway surrounding Padua, northern Italy. It is also called Tangenziale di Padova.

Usually, it consists of 2 lanes and 1 emergency lane for a dual carriageways. The only exception is the Padova Est (East Padua) bridge, which has 3 lanes and 1 emergency lane.

On almost all the beltway, the speed limit is 90 km/h and filling stations are present. A regular service of gritters is active during winter, including snowploughs when needed.

The actual GRAP was built between 1963 and 2005, the south and west parts being the oldest ones, and the north and Limena parts the most recent ones. A new path is planned, building new west and north highways to bypass the entire Paduan metropolitan area.

The GRAP consists of the following freeways.

Padua metropolitan area
The Padua metropolitan area, located in Veneto, Italy, is the urban agglomeration surrounding the city of Padua.

Established as the metropolitan conference of Padua (Act No. 37,  25 March, 2003), It is not yet recognised by the Italian Republic as one of the città metropolitane (metropolitan cities) that will be instituted to replace province.

Nevertheless It is considered a significant parts of the Venetian metropolitan area around Venice.