hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of the Amazon
The University of the Amazon (Spanish: Universidad de la Amazonia), also called Uniamazonía, is a national public university in Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia. The university is established by Act 60 of 1982 to contribute to the development of the Amazon region.

National university
A national university is mainly a university created or managed by a government, but which may also at the same time operate autonomously without direct control by the state. In the United States, the term "national university" connotes the highest institutional level in education, differing in meaning from a "federally-chartered university." Globally, some national universities are associated with national cultural or political aspirations.
For example, the National University of Ireland during the early days of Irish independence collected a large amount of information about the Irish language and Irish culture. In Argentina, the national universities are the result of the 1918 Argentine university reform and subsequent reforms, which were intended to provide a secular university system without direct clerical or government influence by bestowing self-government on the institutions.
Bączal Górny
Bączal Górny [ˈbɔnt͡ʂal ˈɡurnɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skołyszyn, within Jasło County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

Bączal Górny is the birthplace of Joseph Dzieglewicz, father of John Dingell Sr, and grandfather of John Dingell, both of whom served in the United States Congress.

John Dingell Sr.
John David Dingell Sr. (/ˈdɪŋɡəl/ DING-gəl; February 2, 1894 – September 19, 1955) was an American politician who represented Michigan's 15th congressional district from 1933 to 1955. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was the father of the longest-serving member of Congress, former U.S. Representative John Dingell.
Foundation for Women's Health, Research and Development
The Foundation for Women's Health, Research and Development (FORWARD) is a British NGO, founded in 1983 by Efua Dorkenoo, that supports women who have experienced female genital mutilation (FGM) and tries to eliminate the practice.

Efua Dorkenoo
Efua Dorkenoo, OBE (6 September 1949 – 18 October 2014), affectionately known as "Mama Efua", was a Ghanaian-British campaigner against female genital mutilation (FGM) who pioneered the global movement to end the practice and worked internationally for more than 30 years to see the campaign "move from a problem lacking in recognition to a key issue for governments around the world."
Past Imperfect (novel)
Past Imperfect is a novel by Julian Fellowes, published in the UK in 2008. The main character, Damian, is trying to find out if he has fathered a son who he can leave his vast fortune to when he imminently dies.

Julian Fellowes
Julian Alexander Kitchener-Fellowes, Baron Fellowes of West Stafford DL (born 17 August 1949), known professionally as Julian Fellowes, is an English actor, novelist, writer, producer, film director, and Conservative peer. He has received numerous accolades, including an Academy Award and two Emmy Awards as well as nominations for four BAFTA Awards, a Golden Globe Award, two Olivier Awards, and a Tony Award.

Fellowes won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the murder mystery film Gosford Park (2001). He gained renown as the creator, writer and executive producer of the multiple award-winning ITV television series Downton Abbey (2010–2015) and the HBO series The Gilded Age (2022–present). He also wrote books for stage musicals, including Mary Poppins (2004) and School of Rock (2015).
Veneziano amplitude
In theoretical physics, the Veneziano amplitude refers to the discovery made in 1968 by Italian theoretical physicist Gabriele Veneziano that the Euler beta function, when interpreted as a scattering amplitude, has many of the features needed to explain the physical properties of strongly interacting mesons, such as symmetry and duality. Conformal symmetry was soon discovered. This discovery can be considered the birth of string theory, as the invention of string theory came about as a search for a physical model which would give rise to such a scattering amplitude. In particular, the amplitude appears as the four tachyon scattering amplitude in oriented open bosonic string theory. Using Mandelstam variables and the beta function , the amplitude is given by

where  is the string constant,  are the tachyon four-vectors,  is the open string theory coupling constant, and .

Gabriele Veneziano
Gabriele Veneziano (/ˌvɛnɪtsiˈɑːnoʊ/ VEN-it-see-AH-noh; Italian: [ɡabriˈɛːle venetˈtsjaːno]; born 7 September 1942) is an Italian theoretical physicist widely considered the father of string theory. He has conducted most of his scientific activities at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland, and held the Chair of Elementary Particles, Gravitation and Cosmology at the Collège de France in Paris from 2004 to 2013, until the age of retirement there.
2008 Beijing Wushu Tournament
The 2008 Beijing Wushu Tournament (Chinese: 北京2008武术比赛; pinyin: Běijīng 2008 wǔshù bǐsài) was a wushu competition which was held from August 21 to 24, 2008 at the Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium in Beijing, China. The tournament was organised by the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (BOCOG), the International Wushu Federation (IWUF), and the Chinese Wushu Association (CWA), and was held in tandem with the 2008 Summer Olympics.

The competition consisted of ten taolu events (5 male, 5 female), and five sanshou events (3 male, 2 female). The Chinese team dominated the competition with eight gold medals followed by Russia and Hong Kong which earned two gold medals each. Macau, Iran and the Philippines each won a single gold.

International Wushu Federation
The International Wushu Federation (IWUF) is an international sport organization and the governing body for wushu in all its forms worldwide. The IWUF is recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and is also a member of the ARISF, GAISF, FISU, IWGA, and the ISF.
Company Matsuo
Company Matsuo (カンパニー松尾, Kanpanii Matsuo) is a Japanese adult video (AV) director, producer and entrepreneur. He is credited with popularizing the Japanese porn genre of "hamedori", where the director/actor performs sexually with the actress and also films the actual action. He has been called "a master of shooting pornography with amateurs".

H.m.p. (Japan)
h.m.p. Co., Ltd. (株式会社h.m.p, Kabushiki gaisha h.m.p), formerly known as Houyuu Media Produce (芳友メディアプロデ), is a Japanese company which is involved in adult entertainment including the production and sales of adult videos (AV) and the marketing of adult toys and sex aids.
Registered Science Technician
Registered Science Technician (RSciTech) is a professional qualification in the United Kingdom for science technicians. It was introduced in 2011 alongside Registered Scientist as an extension to the UK Science Council's existing professional register for Chartered Scientists. the Registered Science Technician (RSciTech) was developed with the support of the Gatsby Charitable Foundation, with the aim of increasing the professionalism and recognition of those working in technical roles in science. Holders of this qualification can use the post-nominal letters RSciTech. Registration as RSciTech has been encouraged by institutions such as Imperial College London, and the UK Government's Science manufacturing technician and Laboratory technician apprenticeship standards are designed to lead to registration as an RSciTech.

Science Council
The Science Council is a UK organisation that was established by Royal Charter in 2003. The principal activity of The Science Council is the promotion of the advancement and dissemination of knowledge of and education in science pure and applied, for the public benefit. The Science Council is the competent authority with respect to the European Union directive 2005/36/EC. It is a membership organisation for learned and professional bodies across science and its applications and works with them to represent this sector to government and others. Together, the member organisations represent over 350,000 scientists. The Science Council provides a forum for discussion and exchange of views and works to foster collaboration between member organisations and the wider science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medical communities to enable inter-disciplinary contributions to science policy and the application of science.
This Is Your Time (Michael W. Smith album)
This Is Your Time is Michael W. Smith's fourteenth studio album, released on November 23, 1999. All the songs from this album, except "This Is Your Time" and "This Is Your Time (Reprise)", were originally recorded for his previous studio album Live the Life, but did not make the final cut for the album.

Michael W. Smith
Michael Whitaker Smith (born October 7, 1957) is an American musician who has charted in both contemporary Christian and mainstream charts. His biggest success in mainstream music was in 1991 when "Place in This World" hit No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100. Over the course of his career, he has sold more than 18 million albums.

Smith is a three-time Grammy Award winner, an American Music Award recipient, and has earned 45 Dove Awards. In 1999, ASCAP awarded him with the "Golden Note" Award for lifetime achievement in songwriting, and in 2014 they honored him as the "cornerstone of Christian music" for his significant influence on the genre. He also has recorded 31 No. 1 Hit songs, fourteen gold albums, and five platinum albums. He has also starred in two films and published 14 books including This Is Your Time, which he worked with Christian author Gary Thomas to write.
Vermin (character)
Vermin (Edward Whelan) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is usually depicted as an adversary of Captain America and Spider-Man. A geneticist working for Baron Zemo and Arnim Zola, Edward Whelan was subjected to an experiment that mutated him into a humanoid rat, gaining superhuman abilities, as well as the predatory instincts of a rat. The character's most notable appearance was in the storyline "Kraven's Last Hunt".

Hunted (comics)
"Hunted" is a 2019 comic book storyline published by Marvel Comics, starring the character Spider-Man. It is a spiritual successor to the 1987 storyline "Kraven's Last Hunt". It involves the characters Spider-Man, Black Cat, Kraven the Hunter, Lizard, Vulture, and Taskmaster as well as the debut of the Last Son of Kraven.
Dillingham Airfield
Dillingham Airfield (IATA: HDH, ICAO: PHDH, FAA LID: HDH) is a public and military use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) west of the central business district of Mokulēʻia, in Honolulu County on the North Shore of Oʻahu in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It is operated by the Hawaii Department of Transportation under a 50-year lease from the United States Army. The airport is primarily used for gliding and sky diving operations, and also houses Civil Air Patrol (CAP) glider aircraft. Military operations consist largely of night operations for night vision device training and orientation flights for the United States Air Force Auxiliary (CAP). This airport is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a basic general aviation facility.

Hawaii Department of Transportation
The Hawaii Department of Transportation (HDOT) is a state government organization which oversees transportation in the U.S. state of Hawaii. The agency is divided into three divisions dealing with aviation, maritime, and roads.
Septem Provinciae
The Diocese of the Seven Provinces (Latin: Dioecesis Septem Provinciarum), originally called the Diocese of Vienne (Latin: Dioecesis Viennensis) after the city of Vienna (modern Vienne), was a diocese of the later Roman Empire, under the praetorian prefecture of Gaul. It encompassed southern and western Gaul (Aquitania and Gallia Narbonensis), that is, modern France south and west of the Loire, including Provence.

The diocese comprised the following provinces: Aquitanica I, Aquitanica II, Novempopulana (Aquitanica III), Narbonensis I, Narbonensis II, Viennensis and Alpes Maritimae.

Alpes Maritimae
The Alpes Maritimae (Latin pronunciation: [ˈaɫpeːs maˈrɪtɪmae̯]; English: 'Maritime Alps') was a small province of the Roman Empire founded in 63 AD by Nero. It was one of the three provinces straddling the Alps between modern France and Italy, along with the Alpes Graiae et Poeninae and Alpes Cottiae. The Alpes Maritimae included parts of the present-day French departments of Alpes-Maritimes (in which the name survives), Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Hautes-Alpes.

The capital of the province was Cemenelum (modern Cimiez, a neighbourhood of Nice), until it was replaced by Eburodunum (modern Embrun) during the reign of Diocletian (284–305).
Maddalena Crippa
Maddalena Crippa (born  4 September 1957) is an Italian film, television and stage actress. She won a David di Donatello for Best Supporting Actress for her role in Academy Awards nominee Three Brothers by Francesco Rosi.

David di Donatello for Best Supporting Actress
The David di Donatello Award for Best Supporting Actress (Italian: David di Donatello per la migliore attrice non protagonista) is a film award presented annually by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (ACI, Academy of Italian Cinema) to recognize the outstanding performance in a supporting role of an actress who has worked within the Italian film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. It has been awarded every year since 1981.
Speedway Žarnovica
Speedway Žarnovica is a motorcycle speedway stadium and team in the centre of Žarnovica. The stadium is located off the Bystrická, just south of the tributary, which runs though the centre of the town connected to the Hron. The speedway is organised by the Speedway Club Žarnovica.

Žarnovica
Žarnovica (German: Scharnowitz; Hungarian: Zsarnóca) is a town and municipality in the Žarnovica District, Banská Bystrica Region in Slovakia. The town is situated in the Hron river valley. It has a population of around 6,000 people.
Shalom Yoran
Shalom Yoran (Hebrew: שָׁלוֹם יוֹרָן; June 29, 1925 – September 9, 2013) was a survivor of the Holocaust and a former Jewish partisan. His World War II memoir, The Defiant. A True Story of Jewish Vengeance and Survival, was first published in 1996.

Shalom Yoran was born Selim Sznycer in Raciąż, Poland.

The Defiant
The Defiant: A True Story of Jewish Vengeance and Survival is a World War II memoir by Shalom Yoran, a Holocaust survivor and a former Jewish partisan. It was written in the late 1940s, shortly after the war, but only published in 1996 after the author rediscovered his manuscript (written in Polish) and dictated it in Hebrew for translation into English.

He wrote his memoirs, illustrating his harrowing experience during the war, at the age of 21, but they remained unpublished for five decades.
Trail to Gunsight
Trail to Gunsight is a 1944 American Western film directed by Vernon Keays and written by Bennett Cohen and Patricia Harper. The film stars Eddie Dew, Lyle Talbot, Fuzzy Knight, Ray Whitley, Maris Wrixon, Robert 'Buzz' Henry, Marie Austin, Sarah Padden and Glenn Strange. The film was released on August 18, 1944, by Universal Pictures.

Vernon Keays
Vernon Keays (February 27,  1900 – May 22, 1964) was an American film director. He directed twenty films, a mixture of short films and features, and acted as assistant director or second unit director on roughly seventy productions including several television series. He also worked as a production manager and occasional producer.
Patty Person Taylor House
Patty Person Taylor House is a historic home located near Louisburg, Franklin County, North Carolina.   It was built about 1783, and is a two-story, five-bay, Georgian style frame dwelling.  It has a gable roof and one-story rear extension.  It has a center-hall plan one room deep, with notable Georgian woodwork.  It was the home of the sister of Thomas Person (1733–1800), who died at the house in 1800.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

Thomas Person
Thomas Person (1733–1800) was an American politician, Anti-Federalist organizer, and brigadier general in command of the Hillsborough District Brigade of the North Carolina militia during the American Revolution.
Bowenoid papulosis
Bowenoid papulosis is a cutaneous condition characterized by the presence of pigmented verrucous papules on the body of the penis.: 730 : 408  They are associated with human papillomavirus, the causative agent of genital warts.

The term bowenoid papulosis was coined in 1977 by Kopf and Bart and is named after dermatologist John Templeton Bowen.

John Templeton Bowen
John Templeton Bowen (July 8, 1857 – December 3, 1940) was an American dermatologist. He was a professor of dermatology at Massachusetts General Hospital.

Bowen obtained his doctoral degree in medical sciences from the Harvard University in 1884. From 1884 to 1887, he pursued postgraduate studies in Berlin, Munich, and Vienna. He joined Massachusetts General Hospital in 1889 as an assistant in the skin diseases department.

In 1907 he became a professor of dermatology at Harvard Medical School. During his time at Harvard, he was elected president of the American Society of Dermatology.

Bowen's disease and bowenoid papulosis are named after him.
Headspace gas chromatography
Headspace gas chromatography uses headspace gas—from the top or "head" of a sealed container containing a liquid or solid brought to equilibrium—injected directly onto a gas chromatographic column for separation and analysis. In this process, only the most volatile (most readily existing as a vapor) substances make it to the column. The technique is commonly applied to the analysis of polymers, food and beverages, blood alcohol levels, environmental variables, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical ingredients.

Blood alcohol content
Blood alcohol content (BAC), also known as blood alcohol concentration or blood alcohol level, is the concentration of alcohol in a person's blood, measured for legal or medical purposes.

BAC is expressed as the mass of alcohol per unit volume of blood. In the United States and many other countries, it is commonly reported as a percentage, such as 0.08% (equivalent to 0.8 g/L). Legal limits for driving vary by country, ranging from zero tolerance policies to 0.08%. Levels above 0.40% (4 g/L) may be fatal.
William Feaver
William Feaver (born 1 December 1942) is a British art critic, curator, artist and lecturer.  From 1975–1998 he was the chief art critic of the Observer, and from 1994 a visiting professor at Nottingham Trent University.  His book The Pitmen Painters inspired the play of the same name by Lee Hall.

Lee Hall (playwright)
Lee Hall (born 20 September 1966) is an English writer and lyricist. He is best known for writing the screenplay for the film Billy Elliot (2000) and the book and lyrics for its adaptation as a stage musical of the same name. In addition, he wrote the play The Pitmen Painters (2007), and the screenplays for the films War Horse and Rocketman (2019).
Zion's Hill
Zion's Hill, also known by its former name Hell's Gate, is a town on the Dutch Caribbean island of Saba. Locally, it is divided into Upper Hell's Gate and Lower Hell's Gate.

Upper Hell's Gate is the highest village in the Kingdom of the Netherlands, at an altitude of 450 m (1,480 ft) above sea level. Lower Hell's Gate is located approximately 300 m (980 ft) above sea level. On some maps, Lower Hell's Gate includes Flat Point, location of the Juancho E. Yrausquin Airport and the Flat Point Tide Pools.

Flat Point
Flat Point (or Flat Point Peninsula) is an area on the northeastern coast of Saba, an island in the Dutch Caribbean. It is located in the lower part of the Hell's Gate village, known as Lower Hell's Gate. Flat Point is the location of Juancho E. Yrausquin Airport, the Tide Pools, ruins of a 17th-18th century sugar and indigo plantation, and Cove Bay.
Somebody to Love Me (Mark Ronson & The Business Intl. song)
"Somebody to Love Me" is the third single taken from Record Collection, the third studio album by Mark Ronson, released under the moniker Mark Ronson & The Business Intl. The song features Boy George and Andrew Wyatt on vocals.

Record Collection (album)
Record Collection is the third studio album by British DJ and producer Mark Ronson. The album was released under the moniker Mark Ronson & The Business Intl. and was released on 27 September 2010 in the UK and on 28 September 2010 in the US.
Carter Lake (Iowa–Nebraska)
Carter Lake is a shallow oxbow lake in Nebraska and Iowa, located next to Omaha, and marks one of the only spots the Iowa-Nebraska border is not on the Missouri River. Soon after its formation the lake was called the East Omaha Lake, and then Lake Nakoma. The city of Carter Lake, Iowa, takes its name from the lake. The lake was formed from the Saratoga Bend in the Missouri River.

Oxbow lake
An oxbow lake is a U-shaped lake or pool that forms when a wide meander of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water. The word "oxbow" can also refer to a U-shaped bend in a river or stream, whether it is cut off from the main stream. It takes its name from an oxbow which is part of a harness for oxen to pull a plough or cart.

In South Texas, oxbows left by the Rio Grande are called resacas.  In Australia, oxbow lakes are called billabongs.
Matooskie
Matooskie, also known as Anne "Nancy" McKenzie (c. 1790 – 24 July 1851), was a First Nations woman of the Chipewyan (Dënesųłı̨né) nation in Canada. The daughter of Scottish-Canadian fur trader Roderick Mackenzie, Matooskie was abandoned by her father as a young girl, and was left in the care of North West Company trader John Stuart. She was later abandoned by her first husband, John George McTavish. Supported by the Hudson's Bay Company, Matooskie and her family moved to various Hudson's Bay outposts across Western Canada, before settling at Fort Vancouver in the Columbia District following the death of her second husband. In the later years before her death in 1851, she accompanied her daughter and son-in-law.

Chipewyan
The Chipewyan (/ˌtʃɪpəˈwaɪən/ CHIP-ə-WY-ən, also called the Dënesųłı̨né [tènɛ̀sũ̀ɬìné]), are a Dene group of Indigenous Canadian people belonging to the Athabaskan language family, whose ancestors are identified with the Taltheilei Shale archaeological tradition. They are part of the Northern Athabascan group of peoples, and hail from what is now Western Canada.
Brasileirinho
"Brasileirinho" (Little Brazilian) is a 1947 choro composed by Waldir Azevedo. It is considered one of the most successful and influential choros of all time; this standard has been covered by many artists, like singer Carmen Miranda, band Novos Baianos with guitarist Pepeu Gomes, and cellist Yo-Yo Ma (Obrigado Brazil). It was voted by the Brazilian edition of Rolling Stone as the 53rd greatest Brazilian song. The 2005 documentary Brasileirinho, about the choro genre, is named after the 1947 song.

Pepeu Gomes
Pedro Anibal de Oliveira Gomes, better known as Pepeu Gomes (born February 7, 1952, in Salvador, Bahia state) is an accomplished Brazilian guitar player, multi-instrumentalist and composer. He was one of the members of Novos Baianos.
Pepeu has already been considered by the magazine Guitar World in 1988 as one of the ten best guitarists in the world in the category world music.