hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alkaline copper quaternary
Alkaline copper quaternary, usually abbreviated ACQ, is a type of water-based wood preservative product containing  a soluble copper(II) complex and quaternary ammonium alkyl- or aryl-substituted compounds ("quats").  Thus the product was originally called ammoniacal copper/quaternary ammonium.

Quaternary ammonium cation
In organic chemistry, quaternary ammonium cations, also known as quats, are positively-charged polyatomic ions of the structure [NR4]+, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group or organyl group. Unlike the ammonium ion (NH+4) and the primary, secondary, or tertiary ammonium cations, the quaternary ammonium cations are permanently charged, independent of the pH of their solution. Quaternary ammonium salts or quaternary ammonium compounds (called quaternary amines in oilfield parlance) are salts of quaternary ammonium cations. Polyquats are a variety of engineered polymer forms which provide multiple quat molecules within a larger molecule.

Quats are used in consumer applications including as antimicrobials (such as detergents and disinfectants), fabric softeners, and hair conditioners. As an antimicrobial, they are able to inactivate enveloped viruses (such as SARS-CoV-2). Quats tend to be gentler on surfaces than bleach-based disinfectants, and are generally fabric-safe.
2022–23 Professional U21 Development League
The 2022–23 Professional U21 Development League was the 11th season of the Professional Development League system.

The Premier League 2 reverted back to a U21 competition ahead of the 2022–23 season. Burnley, Birmingham City and Reading left the league after failing to retain category one academy status.

For the 2022–23 season onwards, player eligibility was restricted to under-21 players (reduced from under-23) born after 1 January 2001. To help with the transition, teams were allowed up to five over-age outfield players (up from three) and one over-age goalkeeper for the 2022-23 season.

Reading F.C. Under-23s and Academy
The Reading Academy refers to the development teams of Reading Football Club. The club takes part in the Professional Development League system, with the Under-21 competing in the Premier League 2, and the Under-18 competing in the Professional U18 Development League - South.

Under the old youth training scheme, the club produced a number of first team players including Ady Williams, Scott Taylor and future England international Neil Webb. Since the Academy opened in 1999, 91 graduates have gone on to play first team football for Reading including Gylfi Sigurðsson, who was later sold for a club record transfer fee.
Certification, Licensure, and Credentialing for the New Nurse Practitioner in Wisconsin
Advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) are registered nurses with graduate degrees in nursing. APRN roles include: certified nurse midwife, clinical nurse specialist, certified registered nurse anesthetist, and nurse practitioner. APRNs assess, diagnose, manage patient medical problems, order diagnostic tests, and prescribe medications. Rules, regulations, and credentialing for APRNs vary by state. This page outlines the regulatory processes for nurse practitioners in Wisconsin, including education, certification, licensing, and credentialing. Regulatory and credentialing processes are continuously changing, and the information contained on this page is current as of November 2015.

Nurse practitioner
A nurse practitioner (NP) is an advanced practice registered nurse and a type of mid-level practitioner. NPs are trained to assess patient needs, order and interpret diagnostic and laboratory tests, diagnose disease, prescribe medications and formulate treatment plans. NP training covers basic disease prevention, coordination of care, and health promotion.
Richard Downes
Richard Downes is an Irish broadcaster and journalist. He has worked for the Press Association, Reuters, the Financial Times, the BBC and RTÉ. He was one of the presenters of Morning Ireland on RTÉ Radio 1 from 2002 until 2010 and was Washington Correspondent for RTÉ News from 2010 until 2013.

RTÉ News
RTÉ News and Current Affairs (Irish: Nuacht agus Cúrsaí Reatha RTÉ), also known simply as RTÉ News (Nuacht RTÉ), is the national news service provided by Irish public broadcaster Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ). Its services include local, national, European and international news, investigative journalism and current affairs programming for RTÉ television, radio, online, podcasts, on-demand and for independent Irish language public broadcaster TG4. It is the largest and most popular news source in Ireland – with 77% of the Irish public regarding it as their main source of Irish and international news. It broadcasts in English, Irish and Irish Sign Language. The organisation is also a source of commentary on current affairs. The division is based at the RTÉ Television Centre in Donnybrook, Dublin; however, the station also operates regional bureaux across Ireland and the world.
Deryck Stapleton
Air Vice Marshal Deryck Cameron Stapleton, CB, CBE, DFC, AFC (15 January 1918 – 16 February 2018) was a Royal Air Force officer who served as Commandant of the RAF Staff College, Bracknell from 1966 to 1968.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
Teleprompter (horse)
Teleprompter (11 April 1980 – October 2003) was a British thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the fifth running of the Arlington Million in 1985, a victory that helped change the rules of racing in Europe. After being beaten in his only race as a two-year-old he was gelded and returned in 1983 to become a successful handicapper, winning four races. In the following year he made the transition to group races and won Pacemaker International Stakes, Desmond Stakes, Prix Quincey and Queen Elizabeth II Stakes. At a time when most of the top races in Europe were not open to him, the gelding recorded his greatest success in 1985 when he traveled to the United States to win the Arlington Million, one of the most valuable horse races in the world. Teleprompter won only one race after Arlington but continued to run in major races until his retirement in 1987. He died in 2003 at the age of twenty-three.

Handicap (horse racing)
A handicap race in horse racing is a race in which each horse is assigned a specific weight to carry, determined by its past performance and perceived ability. Stronger horses carry more weight, while less accomplished ones carry less. This system aims to equalize the chances of all horses in the race.

The skill in betting on a handicap race lies in predicting which horse can overcome its handicap. Although most handicap races are run for older, less valuable horses with less prize money, this is not true in all cases; some prestigious races are handicaps, such as the Grand National steeplechase, Betfair Stayers' Handicap Hurdle in the UK and the Melbourne Cup in Australia. In the United States, over 30 handicap races are classified as Grade I, the top level of the North American grading system.
B2Gold
B2Gold Corporation is a Canadian mining company that owns and operates gold mines in Mali, Namibia and the Philippines. The company is headquartered in Vancouver, and was founded in 2007, and was then listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange, then later listed on the New York Stock Exchange and the Namibian Stock Exchange. The company was formed by several executives from Bema Gold following  its acquisition by Kinross Gold. The company built itself up through mergers with several other mining companies, including Central Sun Mining, CGA Mining, Auryx Gold and Papillon Resources to give it five operating mines, two of which have been divested, and several exploration properties.

Toronto Stock Exchange
The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX; French: Bourse de Toronto) is a stock exchange located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is the 10th largest exchange in the world and the third largest in North America by market capitalization. Based in the EY Tower in Toronto's Financial District, the TSX is a wholly owned subsidiary of the TMX Group for the trading of senior equities.
Ethan Luck
Ethan John Luck is an American musician, producer, multi-instrumentalist and photographer who has played in several bands, most prominently, the ska band The O.C. Supertones, Demon Hunter, Kings of Leon, Morgan Wade, and pop punk band Relient K. He has played on albums for Kutless, Roper, Nikki Clan and Last Tuesday.

Last Tuesday
Last Tuesday was an American Christian punk band formed in 1999 in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States. They played their final show on March 10, 2007, with their final lineup consisting of drummer Chris Murk, and bassists Carl Brengle and Ben Hannigan. After the announcement from Steve Gee that he would be leaving the band, Last Tuesday no longer had any of its original members.
Sum of absolute differences
In digital image processing, the sum of absolute differences (SAD) is a measure of the similarity between image blocks.  It is calculated by taking the absolute difference between each pixel in the original block and the corresponding pixel in the block being used for comparison.  These differences are summed to create a simple metric of block similarity, the L1 norm of the difference image or Manhattan distance between two image blocks.

The sum of absolute differences may be used for a variety of purposes, such as object recognition, the generation of disparity maps for stereo images, and motion estimation for video compression.

Computer stereo vision
Computer stereo vision is the extraction of 3D information from digital images, such as those obtained by a CCD camera. By comparing information about a scene from two vantage points, 3D information can be extracted by examining the relative positions of objects in the two panels. This is similar to the biological process of stereopsis.
Taisot
Taisot is a small valley, with Bilchar village as its principle locality, in the vicinity of six thousander Bilchar Peak (6,143 m) in Gilgit District, north-east of Gilgit city, in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan.

Gilgit
Gilgit (/ˈɡɪlɡɪt/; Shina: گِلیٗت IPA: [ɡi˧.leː˨˦t̪]; Urdu: گِلْگِت IPA: [ˈɡɪlɡɪt̪]) is the capital and most-populous city in Pakistani-administered territory of Gilgit-Baltistan in the disputed Kashmir region. It is located in a broad valley near the confluence of the Gilgit and the Hunza rivers. Gilgit is a major tourist destination in Pakistan, serving as a hub for trekking and mountaineering expeditions in the Karakoram mountain range of northern Pakistan.

Gilgit was once a major centre for Buddhism; it was an important stop on the ancient Silk Road, and today serves as a major junction along the Karakoram Highway with road connections to China as well as the Pakistani cities of Skardu, Chitral, Peshawar, and Islamabad. The economic activity is mainly focused on agriculture, with wheat, maize, and barley as the main crops.
Xavier (wrestler)
John Jairo Bedoya Jr. (December 28, 1977 – August 16, 2020) was an American professional wrestler, better known by the ring name Xavier. He was best known for his appearances with Ring of Honor (ROH) between 2002 and 2004, where he was the second ROH World Champion.

ROH World Championship
The ROH World Championship is a men's professional wrestling world championship created and promoted by the American promotion Ring of Honor (ROH). It is considered the most prestigious title in the promotion. In addition to being in ROH, the championship is also occasionally defended on All Elite Wrestling's (AEW) programs, as AEW and ROH are both owned by Tony Khan. The current champion is Bandido, who is in his second reign. He won the title by defeating Chris Jericho in a Title vs. Mask match at AEW Dynasty on April 6, 2025.

Established on June 22, 2002, the inaugural champion was Low Ki. When the title is jointly held with the AEW Continental Championship and the Strong Openweight Championship of the American branch of partner promotion New Japan Pro-Wrestling, the three titles together make up the American Triple Crown Championship, also referred to as the Continental Crown; as of March 2024, this has only happened once.
F91 Dudelange
F91 Dudelange (French: [ɛf katʁəvɛ̃.ɔ̃z dydlɑ̃ʒ]; Luxembourgish: F91 Diddeleng, pronounced [ævˌeːnɑˈnontsəɕ ˈdidəleŋ]) is a Luxembourgish professional football club based in Dudelange which plays in the Luxembourg National Division.

It was formed in 1991 as a merger between three teams in the town:  Alliance Dudelange, Stade Dudelange and US Dudelange. Domestically, it has since won the National Division on 16 occasions and the Luxembourg Cup eight times.

F91 Dudelange made it to the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League group stage, becoming the first club from the country to reach the group stage of a European competition. Dudelange also made the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League group stage where they became the first team from Luxembourg to win a game in the group stage after a shock 4–3 victory over APOEL of Cyprus.

Luxembourg Cup
The Luxembourg Cup (French: Coupe de Luxembourg) is the national knockout cup competition in Luxembourgian football. It was first held in 1922, and has been held annually since, with the exception of the four seasons during the German occupation during Second World War, though the 2019–20 and 2020–21 seasons were unable to be completed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Stade de Luxembourg hosts the final of the tournament.
Pyeonghwa Motors
Pyeonghwa Motors (Hangul : 평화자동차; Hancha : 平和自動車 – a Korean language word for "peace"), also spelled Pyonghwa, is one of the two car manufacturers and dealers in the North Korean automotive industry, alongside Sungri Motor Plant. Until 2013, it was a joint venture in Nampo between Pyonghwa Motors of Seoul (South Korea), a company owned by Sun Myung Moon's Unification Church, and the North Korean Ryonbong General Corp. The joint venture produced small cars under licence from Fiat and Brilliance China Auto, a pickup truck and an SUV using complete knock down kits from Chinese manufacturer Dandong Shuguang, and a luxury car of SsangYong design. From 2013, the company has been fully owned by the North Korean state.

Erik van Ingen Schenau, author of the book Automobiles Made in North Korea, has estimated the company's total production in 2005 at not more than around 400 units.

KG Mobility
The KG Mobility Corporation (Korean: 케이지모빌리티 주식회사, lit. 'KG Mobility Stock Company'), abbreviated as KGM, is a South Korean automobile manufacturer. It traces its origins back to Dong-A Motor, a manufacturer established in 1954. The company was named SsangYong Motor Company in 1988, following its acquisition in 1986 by the SsangYong Group, a chaebol. Since then, SsangYong Motor has been acquired successively by Daewoo Motors, Chinese manufacturer SAIC Motor, and Indian manufacturer Mahindra & Mahindra. In 2022, the company was acquired by South Korean chaebol KG Group and adopted its present name in March 2023.  In certain markets, including Australia and Turkey, the company continues to use "Ssangyong" or "KGM Ssangyong" branding.

The company's main focus is sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and crossover SUVs, and it is transitioning its focus to electric cars. The KGM Commercial manufactures commercial vehicles, including electric buses.
25P-NBOMe
25P-NBOMe (2C-P-NBOMe, NBOMe-2C-P) is a derivative of the phenethylamine 2C-P. It acts in a similar manner to related compounds such as 25I-NBOMe, which are potent agonists at the 5-HT2A receptor. 25P-NBOMe has been sold as a drug and produces similar effects in humans to related compounds such as 25I-NBOMe and 25C-NBOMe.

5-HT2A receptor
The 5-HT2A receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT2 receptor that belongs to the serotonin receptor family and functions as a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). It is a cell surface receptor that activates multiple intracellular signalling cascades.
Like all 5-HT2 receptors, the 5-HT2A receptor is coupled to the Gq/G11 signaling pathway. It is the primary excitatory receptor subtype among the serotonin-responsive GPCRs. The 5-HT2A receptor was initially noted for its central role as the primary target of serotonergic psychedelic drugs such as LSD and psilocybin mushrooms. It later regained research prominence when found to mediate, at least in part, the effects of many antipsychotic drugs, particularly atypical antipsychotics.
The Simpsons Disney+ shorts
The Simpsons Disney+ shorts are a series of short promotional films based on the television series The Simpsons produced for Disney+. As of 2024, nine short films have been produced, beginning with The Force Awakens from Its Nap (2021), with its latest short being The Most Wonderful Time of the Year (2024).

All of the shorts were directed by longtime Simpsons director David Silverman and produced by Gracie Films and 20th Television Animation.

The Force Awakens from Its Nap
Maggie Simpson in "The Force Awakens from Its Nap" is an animated short film based on the television series The Simpsons. The short was released on May 4, 2021, on Disney+ in celebration of Star Wars Day.

It is the third short film featuring Maggie Simpson, following The Longest Daycare (2012) and Playdate with Destiny (2020). It is the first Simpsons short film related to Star Wars, followed by Rogue Not Quite One (2023; also featuring Maggie Simpson) and May the 12th Be with You (2024). The promotional short is the first of several from The Simpsons that Disney+ has released since 2021, to tie in with the service's marquee brands and titles.
Gerda Weissmann Klein
Gerda Weissmann Klein (May 8, 1924 – April 3, 2022) was a Polish-born American writer and human rights activist. Her autobiographical account of the Holocaust, All But My Life (1957), was adapted for the 1995 short film One Survivor Remembers, which received an Academy Award and an Emmy Award, and was selected for the National Film Registry. Weissmann married Kurt Klein (1920–2002) in 1946.

The Kleins became advocates of Holocaust education and human rights, dedicating most of their lives to promoting tolerance and community service. A proud naturalized U.S. citizen, Weissmann Klein founded Citizenship Counts, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that champions the value and responsibilities of American citizenship. She served on the governing board of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, which features her testimony in a permanent exhibit.

On February 15, 2011, Klein was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States.

Academy Award for Best Documentary Short Film
This is a list of films by year that have received an Academy Award together with the other nominations for best documentary short film. Following the Academy's practice, the year listed for each film is the year of release: the awards are announced and presented early in the following year. Copies of every winning film (along with copies of most nominees) are held by the Academy Film Archive. Fifteen films are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Timmy 'Djawa' Burarrwanga
Timmy Murmurrga Burarrwanga, also known by his tribal name Djawa Djuwait, is an Aboriginal Australian who belongs to the Gumatj clan. He is a business operator, cultural leader and current chairman of the Yirrkala Dhanbul Aboriginal Corporation, a community development organization associated with the Bunuwal group of companies. He was formerly a director of the Lanyhapuy Homelands Association, and is heavily active in the outstation movement, numerous other Aboriginal organizations, and has lent his support to the One Laptop Per Child Australia group.

Yolŋu
The Yolŋu or Yolngu (IPA: [ˈjuːlŋʊ] or [ˈjuːŋuːl]) are an aggregation of Aboriginal Australian people inhabiting north-eastern Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia. Yolŋu means "person" in the Yolŋu languages. The terms Murngin, Wulamba, Yalnumata, Murrgin and Yulangor were formerly used by some anthropologists for the Yolŋu.

All Yolŋu clans are affiliated with either the Dhuwa (also spelt Dua) or the Yirritja moiety. Prominent Dhuwa clans include the Rirratjiŋu and Gälpu clans of the Dangu people, while the Gumatj clan is the most prominent in the Yirritja moiety.
Starbase (video game)
Video games portal

Starbase is an upcoming massively multiplayer online role-playing game for Microsoft Windows currently in development by Frozenbyte. It was revealed in May 2019 and released on Steam early access in July 2021. The game is voxel-based and set in space where players play as robots that can mine asteroids and design spaceships.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Charles Shackleford
Charles Edward Shackleford (April 22, 1966 – January 27, 2017) was an American professional basketball player who played several seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

He played center and power forward, he was renowned for his rebounding – regularly leading leagues in Europe. He played six seasons in the NBA, mostly as a bench player, intersected by seasons in Europe where he had more success.
Shackleford is also known for an anecdote recounted by former teammate Charles Barkley, who stated that Shackleford would intentionally commit two early fouls in games in order to be removed from play. According to Barkley, this was done to avoid negative reactions from the Philadelphia 76ers’ home crowd.

Off the court, he was involved in a number of controversies and legal issues. Shackleford is sometimes remembered for telling a reporter after a NC State basketball game that "I can shoot with my left hand, I can shoot with my right hand, I'm amphibious."

NC State Wolfpack men's basketball
The NC State Wolfpack men's basketball team represents North Carolina State University in NCAA Division I men's basketball competition. NC State is one of the seven founding members of the Atlantic Coast Conference.  Prior to joining the ACC in 1954, the Wolfpack were members of the Southern Conference, where they won seven conference championships. As a member of the ACC, the Wolfpack has won 11 conference championships, as well as two national championships in 1974 and 1983.

Since 1999, the Pack has played most of its home games at Lenovo Center, which is also where the NCAA championship trophies are kept. Prior to 1999, they played at Reynolds Coliseum.