hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flammability limit
Flammability limits or explosive limits are the ranges of fuel concentrations in relation to oxygen from the air. Combustion can range in violence from deflagration through detonation.

Limits vary with temperature and pressure, but are normally expressed in terms of volume percentage at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure. These limits are relevant both in producing and optimising explosion or combustion, as in an engine, or to preventing it, as in uncontrolled explosions of build-ups of combustible gas or dust. Attaining the best combustible or explosive mixture of a fuel and air (the stoichiometric proportion) is important in internal combustion engines such as gasoline or diesel engines.

The standard reference work is still that elaborated by Michael George Zabetakis, a fire safety engineering specialist, using an apparatus developed by the United States Bureau of Mines.

Michael George Zabetakis
Michael George Zabetakis (7 July 1924 – 21 January 2005) was a fire safety engineering specialist. He received his PhD in chemistry from the University of Pittsburgh in 1956.  In 1965 he published data for flammability limits, autoignition, and burning-rate data for more than 200 combustible gases and vapors in air and other oxidants, as well as of empirical rules and graphs that can be used to predict similar data for thousands of other combustibles under a variety of environmental conditions.  The work remains one of the most widely cited sources of flammability data. Despite its age it was still in 1999 considered the standard reference.  Zabetakis often uses flammability diagrams to show flammable properties of fuel-air-nitrogen mixtures. Zabetakis was the first superintendent of the National Mine Health and Safety Academy.
Ravensburg
Ravensburg (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaːvn̩sˌbʊʁk] ⓘ or [ˈʁaːfn̩sˌbʊʁk]; Swabian: Raveschburg) is a city in Upper Swabia in Southern Germany, capital of the district of Ravensburg, Baden-Württemberg.

Ravensburg was first mentioned in 1088. In the Middle Ages, it was a Free Imperial City and an important trading centre. The "Great Ravensburg Trading Society" (Große Ravensburger Handelsgesellschaft) owned shops and trading companies all over Europe.

The historic city centre is still very much intact, including three city gates and over 10 towers of the medieval fortification.

Ravensburg (district)
Ravensburg is a Landkreis (district) in the southeast of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from southwest clockwise) Bodensee, Sigmaringen and Biberach, the Bavarian urban district Memmingen and the districts Unterallgäu, Oberallgäu and Lindau.
History of the Penrith Panthers
The history of the Penrith Panthers stretches back to the 1960s when a team from Penrith entering Sydney's elite competition was first mooted. After admission to the NSWRFL premiership in 1967, the club struggled on-field until reaching the finals for the first time in the 1980s, and reaching the grand final in the 1990s. The Panthers were a part of 1997's Super League competition before continuing in the re-unified NRL competition. The panthers have won six premierships in their history in 1991, 2003, and 4 premierships straight between 2021 and 2024.

Ross Gigg
Ross Gigg (29 April 1956 – 8 May 2014) was an Australian professional rugby league footballer who played with the Penrith Panthers in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition. Gigg's playing career spanned 1974-1979 and 1982–84. He made 110 first grade appearances, scoring 31 tries and six goals for a career total of 113 points. Gigg spent most of his career playing in the Centre position.
Xiayuan station (Guangzhou Metro)
Xiayuan station (simplified Chinese: 夏园站; traditional Chinese: 夏園站; pinyin: Xiàyuán Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Hahyùhn Jaahm) is an interchange station between Line 5 and Line 13 of the Guangzhou Metro, located in Guangzhou's Huangpu District. Line 13 opened on 28 December 2017, whilst Line 5 opened on 28 December 2023.

Huangpu, Guangzhou
Huangpu, alternately romanized as Whampoa, is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. Despite its name, it does not include Huangpu Island (now Pazhou) or its famous anchorage. Huangpu absorbed Guangzhou's former Luogang District in 2014. The district has been awarded the status of "Happiest District of China" in 2020.
Arthur Bradfield
Arthur Bradfield (5 January 1892 – 25 December 1978) was an English cricketer.  Bradfield was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born at Box, Wiltshire.

Bradfield made his first-class debut for Essex against the Combined Services in 1922.  He made four further first-class appearances for Essex in 1922, the last of which came against Northamptonshire. In his five matches he scored just 7 runs at an average of 1.75, with a high score of 4 not out, while behind the stumps he took 2 catches and made 3 stumpings.

He died on 25 December 1978 at Mochdre, Denbighshire, Wales.

Box, Wiltshire
Box is a large village and civil parish within the Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in Wiltshire, England, about 3 miles (5 km) west of Corsham and 5 miles (8 km) northeast of Bath. Box also falls in the easternmost part of the Avon Green Belt. Besides the village of Box, the parish includes the villages of Ashley and Box Hill; Hazelbury manor; and the hamlets of Alcombe, Blue Vein, Chapel Plaister, Ditteridge, Henley, Kingsdown, Middlehill, and Wadswick. To the east the parish includes much of Rudloe, formerly a hamlet but now a housing estate, and the defence establishments and related businesses on the site of the former RAF Rudloe Manor.

Occupation here dates back at least to Roman times. The area is known for its fine stone, and for centuries Box quarries were famous for their product. Today Box is perhaps better known for its Brunel-designed Box railway tunnel.

Box has been twinned with Sorigny, a commune in central France, since 2016.
St Peter's Church, Swingfield
St Peter's Church is a redundant Anglican church in the village of Swingfield, some 3 miles (5 km) northeast of Hawkinge, Kent, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.

Swingfield
Swingfield is a village and civil parish in the district of Folkestone and Hythe in Kent, England. The parish includes the settlements of Densole on the A260 towards Hawkinge, and Selsted.

The village is located approximately 5 miles north of Folkestone on the North Downs. Notable buildings include St Peter's Church and Swingfield Preceptory.
Sir Henry Fletcher, 1st Baronet, of Clea Hall
Commander Sir Henry Fletcher, 1st Baronet of Clea Hall (1727 – 29 March 1807) was an MP for Cumberland in the Parliament of Great Britain between 1768 and 1800, and in the Parliament of the United Kingdom between 1801 and 1802.

Born Henry Fletcher in circa 1727 he was the son of John Fletcher and Isabella Senhouse.  In 1759 he gained the rank of Commander in the service of the Honourable East India Company and was a director of the Honourable East India Company between 1766 and 1784. He established the family seat at Ashley Park, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey.

He was created a Baronet of Clea Hall in 1782.

He was married to Catherine Lintot and they had two children, Catherine and Henry, who succeeded as baronet.

Catherine Lintot
Catherine Lintot (1733–1816), later Catherine Fletcher, Lady Fletcher,  printer, born by Temple Bar, London, was the only surviving child of Henry (1703–1758) and Elizabeth Lintot (née Aubrey, died 1734).
Janów, Kielce County
Janów [ˈjanuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piekoszów, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Piekoszów and 9 km (6 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Piekoszów
Gmina Piekoszów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the city of Piekoszów, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 102.48 square kilometres (39.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 15,249.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Chęciny-Kielce Landscape Park.
Emanuela Pierantozzi
Emanuela Pierantozzi (born 22 August 1968 in Bologna) is an Italian judoka.

She won two Olympic medals in different weight classes, in 1992 and 2000. She won three World Championships medals, two Gold (1989 and 1991) and one Bronze (1997). Emanuela teaches Judo at Genoa University, Sport Science Course.

Emanuela is a sculptor with work displayed by the Art of the Olympians (AOTO).  She is also a board member of the Al Oerter Foundation (AOF) which runs the AOTO program.

Art of the Olympians
Art of the Olympians (AOTO) is an organization and program of Olympian and Paralympian artists that promotes the Olympic ideals of values, integrity, character, respect, honor, and work ethic through exhibitions and educational programs. It puts on traveling exhibitions, runs workshops, organizes talks at schools, to show and discuss the connection between sport, art, and the Olympics. AOTO previously operated a museum.

AOTO is a program of the non-profit Al Oerter Foundation.
National Democratic Front (Peru)
National Democratic Front (in Spanish: Frente Democrático Nacional) was a political coalition in Peru that was founded in 1944 in Arequipa by ultraconservative Manuel J. Bustamante de la Fuente in order to launch the presidencial campaign of José Luis Bustamante y Rivero for the 1945 general election.

The initial coalition comprised APRA, the far-right Reformist Democratic Party and the fascist Revolutionary Union party, ultimately excluding the Peruvian Communist Party. The party ran under the banner of the People’s Party within the coalition, with an array of intellectuals rallying around Bustamante.

Upon Manuel Odría’s successful coup d’état in October 1948 against Bustamante’s presidency, the coalition ceased to exist.

1948 Peruvian coup d'état
The 1948 Peruvian coup d'état took place on October 27, 1948, headed by general Manuel A. Odría in Arequipa, referred to by him as the "Restorative Revolution" (Spanish: Revolución Restauradora), against the government of José Luis Bustamante y Rivero. Odría seized power.

The military coup gave way to a period of almost twenty months in which the deposed president was prosecuted, a state of emergency was declared throughout the country, and the national congress was dissolved.
City of Fire (band)
City of Fire is a Canadian metal band formed in 2008. Members include vocalist Burton C. Bell of Fear Factory, bassist Byron Stroud from Fear Factory, Strapping Young Lad and Zimmers Hole, and drummer Bob Wagner of Econoline Crush. So far, the band has released two studio albums.

Burton C. Bell
Burton Christopher Bell (born February 19, 1969) is an American musician. He is best known as the co-founder and former frontman of the industrial metal band Fear Factory. Until 2021 he was the only member to perform on all of the band's albums. His singing style mixes clean and shouted vocals with death growls.
Burnside Park (Providence, Rhode Island)
Burnside Park is a small park situated in Downtown Providence, Rhode Island, adjacent to Kennedy Plaza. The park is named for Ambrose Burnside, a general in the American Civil War from Rhode Island. An equestrian statue of Ambrose Burnside was erected in the late 19th century and sits in the center of the park.

Enid Yandell
Enid Yandell (October 6, 1869  – June 12, 1934) was an American sculptor from Louisville, Kentucky, who studied with Auguste Rodin in Paris, Philip Martiny in New York City, and Frederick William MacMonnies.

Yandell specialized in portrait busts and monuments. She created numerous portraits, garden pieces and small works as well as public monuments. The sculpture collection at the Speed Art Museum in her hometown includes a large number of her works in plaster. She contributed to The Woman's Building at the Chicago World's Fair.
Those Memories of You
"Those Memories of You" is a song written by Alan O'Bryant. It was first recorded by Bill & James Monroe in 1978 and later released as a single by Pam Tillis in 1986, whose version peaked at #55 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart.

In 1987, the song was recorded by Dolly Parton, Linda Ronstadt, and Emmylou Harris on their album, Trio. Released in August of 1987, it was the album's third single. It reached #5 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart in December and reached #1 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada.

A cover version by LeAnn Rimes was recorded for her second independent album under Nor Va Jak, From My Heart to Yours, released in 1992.

Trio (1987 album)
Trio is a collaborative album by American singers Dolly Parton, Linda Ronstadt, and Emmylou Harris. It was released on March 2, 1987, by Warner Bros. Records. The album has platinum certification in the U.S. for sales of one million copies, and has total worldwide sales of approximately four million. A second collaborative album, Trio II, was released in 1999.
Keith Egli
Keith Egli (born January 20, 1962) was the Ottawa city councillor for Knoxdale-Merivale Ward from 2010 to 2022. He won the ward in the 2010 Ottawa municipal election, which was vacated by the retiring Gord Hunter.

Ottawa City Council
Ottawa City Council (French: Conseil municipal d'Ottawa) is the governing body of the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is composed of 24 city councillors and the mayor. The mayor is elected at large, while each councillor represents wards throughout the city. Council members are elected to four-year terms, with the last election being on October 24, 2022. The council meets at Ottawa City Hall in downtown Ottawa. Much of the council's work is done in the standing committees made up of sub-groups of councillors. The decisions made in these committees are presented to the full council and voted upon.
Daily Mail aviation prizes
Between 1906 and 1930, the Daily Mail newspaper, initially on the initiative of its proprietor, Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, awarded numerous prizes for achievements in aviation. The newspaper would stipulate the amount of a prize for the first aviators to perform a particular task in aviation or to the winner of an aviation race or event. The most famous prizes were the £1,000 for the first cross-channel flight awarded to Louis Blériot in 1909 and the £10,000 given in 1919 to Alcock and Brown for the first non-stop transatlantic flight between North America and Ireland.

The prizes are credited with advancing the course of aviation during the early years, with the considerable sums offered becoming a much-coveted goal for the field's pioneers.

Louis Blériot
Louis Charles Joseph Blériot (/ˈblɛrioʊ/ BLERR-ee-oh, also US: /ˈbleɪrioʊ, ˌbleɪriˈoʊ, blɛərˈjoʊ/ BLAY-ree-oh, -⁠OH, blair-YOH, French: [lwi ʃaʁl ʒozɛf bleʁjo]; 1 July 1872 – 1 August 1936) was a French aviator, inventor, and engineer. He developed the first practical headlamp for cars and established a profitable business manufacturing them, using much of the money he made to finance his attempts to build a successful aircraft. Blériot was the first to use the combination of hand-operated joystick and foot-operated rudder control as used to the present day to operate the aircraft control surfaces. Blériot was also the first to make a working, powered, piloted monoplane. In 1909 he became world-famous for making the first aeroplane flight across the English Channel, winning the prize of £1,000 (worth £152,113 in 2025) offered by the Daily Mail newspaper. He was the founder of Blériot Aéronautique, a successful aircraft manufacturing company.
Robert M. Beren Academy
Robert M. Beren Academy is a private Modern Orthodox Jewish primary and secondary school at 11333 Cliffwood Drive in Houston, Texas, United States.

Robert M. Beren Academy is located near the Willow Meadows and Willowbend neighborhoods. The school covers preschool through grade 12 and includes an elementary Montessori program.

The school, previously named Hebrew Academy, is an independent Jewish school. Roselyn Bell, author of the "Houston" entry in The Jewish Traveler: Hadassah Magazine's Guide to the World's Jewish Communities and Sights, wrote that the Hebrew Academy has "Orthodox leanings".

It is affiliated with Yeshiva University in New York City.

Willow Meadows, Houston
Willow Meadows is a subdivision in Houston, Texas, United States.

Willow Meadows straddles the southwest corner of 610 Loop, but lies fully inside Beltway 8. The subdivision is next to Meyer Park, a shopping center. Willow Meadows is east of Meyerland, north of Willowbend, west of Westwood, and south of the city of Bellaire.

The neighborhood consists of a handful of tree-lined streets. The homes are generally 50- to 60-year-old ranch style houses. Because of its relatively short commute time to the Texas Medical Center, Downtown Houston, and Uptown Houston, the neighborhood is home to mostly upper-middle class professionals and educators. The neighborhood does border Brays Bayou which occasionally floods the northern reaches of the subdivision. However, flooding levels throughout the neighborhood tend to be lower than surrounding neighborhoods.

Willow Meadows is in Texas's 7th congressional district  Archived 2006-04-17 at the Wayback Machine.
Den (pharaoh)
Den, also known as Hor-Den, Dewen, and Udimu, was the Horus name of a pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period who ruled during the First Dynasty of Egypt. He is the best archaeologically-attested ruler of this period, credited with bringing prosperity to his realm.

Den was attributed the title "King of Upper and Lower Egypt" and wore the double crown (red and white). Notably, the floor of his tomb at Umm El Qa'ab, near Abydos, was constructed using red and black granite, making it the earliest known use of this hard stone as a building material in Egypt with a flight of stairs leading to it. During his long reign, he established many of the customs of court ritual and royalty drawn on by later rulers and was held in high regard by his immediate successors.

Pschent
The pschent (/pskʰént/; Greek ψχέντ) was the double crown worn by rulers in ancient Egypt. The ancient Egyptians generally referred to it as Pa-sekhemty (pꜣ-sḫm.ty), the Two Powerful Ones, from which the Greek term is derived. It combined the White Hedjet Crown of Upper Egypt and the Red Deshret Crown of Lower Egypt.

The Pschent represented the pharaoh's power over all of unified Egypt. It bore two animal emblems:  an Egyptian cobra, known as the uraeus, ready to strike, which symbolized the Lower Egyptian goddess Wadjet; and a vulture representing the Upper Egyptian tutelary goddess Nekhbet. These were fastened to the front of the Pschent and referred to as the Two Ladies.
Alien Planet (novel)
Alien Planet is a science fiction novel by Fletcher Pratt. It was first published in hardcover by Avalon Books in 1962; a paperback edition followed from Ace Books in 1963 and was reprinted in 1973. The book is an expansion of "A Voice Across the Years," a novella Pratt co-authored with "I. M. Stephens" (his wife, Inga Stephens Pratt), originally published in the magazine Amazing Stories Quarterly in the issue for Winter 1932.

Fletcher Pratt
Murray Fletcher Pratt (25 April 1897 – 10 June 1956) was an American writer of history, science fiction, and fantasy. He is best known for his works on naval history and the American Civil War and for fiction written with L. Sprague de Camp.
Rosebud Indian Reservation
The Rosebud Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation in South Dakota, United States. It is the home of the federally recognized Rosebud Sioux Tribe, who are Sicangu, a band of Lakota people. The Lakota name Sicangu Oyate translates as the "Burnt Thigh Nation", also known by the French term, the Brulé Sioux.

The Rosebud Indian Reservation was established in 1889 after the United States' partition of the Great Sioux Reservation, which was created by the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868). The Great Sioux Reservation had covered all of West River, South Dakota (the area west of the Missouri River), as well as part of northern Nebraska and eastern Montana. Since its founding, the Rosebud reservation has been reduced considerably in size, as has happened with the other Lakota and Dakota reservations. Now, it includes Todd County, South Dakota, and certain communities and lands in the four adjacent counties.

Great Sioux Reservation
The Great Sioux Reservation was an Indian reservation created by the United States through treaty with the Sioux, principally the Lakota, who dominated the territory before its establishment. In the Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868, the reservation included lands west of the Missouri River in South Dakota and Nebraska, including all of present-day western South Dakota. The treaty also provided rights to roam and hunt in contiguous areas of North Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, and northeast Colorado.

Later acts of the U.S. Congress in 1877 and 1889 reduced Lakota territory to five reservations in western South Dakota, all remnants of the 1868 reservation. The Sioux nation successfully sued the United States for these encroachments, but the tribes have refused monetary compensation for illegally taken reservation lands.
Gmünd, Lower Austria
For the Carinthian town related to Porsche, see Gmünd, Carinthia.For the German town, see Schwäbisch Gmünd

Gmünd (Czech: Cmunt) is a town in the northwestern Waldviertel region of Lower Austria and the capital of the Gmünd district. The municipality consists of the Katastralgemeinden Böhmzeil, Breitensee, Eibenstein, Gmünd and Grillenstein. Situated on the Lainsitz (Lužnice) river where it forms the border with České Velenice in the Czech Republic, it is an important road and railway crossing point, next to the  Blockheide protected area.

The development of the town, first mentioned in a 1208 deed, was decisively pushed by the inauguration of the Emperor Franz Joseph Railway from Vienna to Prague in 1869. By the 1919 Treaty of Saint-Germain its northern part Dolní Velenice, German: Unterwielands, with the main station was awarded to Czechoslovakia, forming the new town of České Velenice.

Emperor Franz Joseph Railway
The Emperor Franz Joseph Railway (German: Kaiser-Franz-Josephs-Bahn, KFJB) was an Austrian private railway company, named after Emperor Franz Joseph I. It operated railway lines from the Austrian capital Vienna to Prague and Eger (Cheb) in Bohemia.
Revelation 7
Revelation 7 is the seventh chapter of the Book of Revelation or the Apocalypse of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is traditionally attributed to John the Apostle, but the precise identity of the author remains a point of academic debate. Chapter 6 to Chapter 8:5 record the opening of the Seven Seals. This chapter contains the writer's vision of "the Four Angels of the Four Winds", the sealing of the 144,000 and the "Praise of the Great Multitude of the Redeemed". The passage in this chapter is 'an intercalation in the numbered series of seven'.

Seven seals
In Christianity, the Seven Seals are the seven symbolic seals (Greek: σφραγῖδα, sphragida) described in the Book of Revelation.

The opening of the first four Seals releases the Four Horsemen, each with his own specific mission. The opening of the fifth Seal releases the cries of martyrs for the "Word/Wrath of God". The sixth Seal prompts plagues, storms and other cataclysmic events. The seventh Seal cues seven angelic trumpeters who in turn cue the seven bowl judgments and more cataclysmic events.