hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph F. Bruno
Joseph F. Bruno (born circa 1944) is a public official in New York City who has served as a lawyer, FDNY Fire Commissioner, New York City Civil Court Judge and New York State Supreme Court Judge. He most recently served as Commissioner of the New York City Office of Emergency Management.

Bruno is now president of Helen Keller Services, a post he has held since January, 2016.

New York Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the State of New York is the superior court in the Judiciary of New York.  It is vested with unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction, although in many counties outside New York City it acts primarily as a court of civil jurisdiction, with most criminal matters handled in county courts.

New York is the only state where supreme court is a trial court rather than a court of last resort (which in New York is the Court of Appeals). Also, although it is a trial court, the Supreme Court sits as a "single great tribunal of general state-wide jurisdiction, rather than an aggregation of separate courts sitting in the several counties or judicial districts of the state." The Supreme Court is established in each of New York's 62 counties.

A separate branch of the Supreme Court called the Appellate Division serves as the highest intermediate appellate court in New York.
Southeastern Louisiana University
Southeastern Louisiana University (Southeastern) is a public university in Hammond, Louisiana. It was founded in 1925 by Linus A. Sims as Hammond Junior College. Sims succeeded in getting the campus moved to north Hammond in 1928, when it became known as Southeastern Louisiana College. It achieved university status in 1970.

In the fall of 2019 there were 14,298 students enrolled. During the 1990s, Southeastern was one of the fastest-growing colleges in the United States. The university is the third largest in Louisiana, trailing only LSU and the University of Louisiana at Lafayette.

Southeastern's colors are green and gold, and the mascot is a lion named Roomie. Southeastern's sports teams participate in NCAA Division I (FCS for football) in the Southland Conference.

University of Louisiana at Lafayette
The University of Louisiana at Lafayette (UL Lafayette, University of Louisiana, ULL, or UL) is a public research university in Lafayette, Louisiana, United States. It has the largest enrollment within the nine-campus University of Louisiana System and the second-largest enrollment in Louisiana, behind only Louisiana State University. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".

Founded in 1898 as an industrial school, the institution developed into a four-year university during the twentieth century and became known by its present name in 1999. It offers Louisiana's only Ph.D. in francophone studies, Louisiana's only master's of informatics, and Louisiana's only industrial design degree. The university has achieved several milestones in computer science, engineering and architecture. It is also home to a distinct College of the Arts.
Beaudet River (Gentilly River tributary)
The Beaudet River (in French: rivière Beaudet) is a tributary of the Gentilly River which flows onto the south shore of the St. Lawrence River.

The Beaudet river flows in the municipalities of Sainte-Marie-de-Blandford, located in the Bécancour Regional County Municipality), in the region administrative office of Centre-du-Québec, in Quebec, in Canada.

Gentilly River (Quebec)
The Gentilly River (in French: rivière Gentilly) is a tributary of the south shore of the St. Lawrence River, in the administrative region of Centre-du-Québec, in Quebec, in Canada.

This river flows through the regional county municipalities (MRC) of:

Arthabaska Regional County Municipality: municipality of Saint-Louis-de-Blandford

Bécancour Regional County Municipality: municipalities of Manseau, Lemieux, Sainte-Marie-de-Blandford and Bécancour (city).
Emperor Dezong of Tang
Emperor Dezong of Tang (27 May 742 – 25 February 805), personal name Li Kuo, was an emperor of the Chinese Tang dynasty. He was the oldest son of Emperor Daizong. His reign of 26 years was the third longest in the Tang dynasty (surpassed only by Emperor Xuanzong and Emperor Gaozong). Emperor Dezong started out as a diligent and frugal emperor and he tried to reform the governmental finances by introducing new tax laws. His attempts to destroy the powerful regional warlords and the subsequent mismanagement of those campaigns, however, resulted in a number of rebellions that nearly destroyed him and the Tang dynasty. After those events, he dealt cautiously with the regional governors, causing warlordism to become unchecked, and his trust of eunuchs caused the eunuchs' power to rise greatly. He was also known for his paranoia about officials' wielding power, and late in his reign, he did not grant much authority to his chancellors.

Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang ([ɕwǎn.tsʊ́ŋ]; 8 September 685 – 3 May 762), personal name Li Longji, was an emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 712 to 756. His reign of 44 years was the longest during the Tang dynasty. Through two palace coups, he seized the throne and inherited an empire still in its golden age. He was initially assisted by capable chancellors like Yao Chong, Song Jing and Zhang Yue who were already serving as government officials before Xuanzong ascended the throne. However, under Emperor Xuanzong, the empire reached its turning point and went into sharp decline and near collapse, due to numerous political missteps throughout his long reign, such as over-trusting chancellors Li Linfu, Yang Guozhong and general An Lushan, with Tang's golden age ending in the An Lushan rebellion.
Infinity (One Direction song)
"Infinity" is a song by Irish-British boy band One Direction from their fifth studio album, Made in the A.M. (2015). It was released as a single on iTunes and Apple Music on 22 September 2015. The song was at first announced as the third official single from the album, but was eventually scrapped in favour of "History".

History (One Direction song)
"History" is a song by British-Irish boy band One Direction. It was written by Wayne Hector, Ed Drewett, Julian Bunetta, and John Ryan along with band members Liam Payne and Louis Tomlinson. The song was released on 6 November 2015 as the third and final single from their fifth and final studio album Made in the A.M. (2015). It was also the final single released by the band. "History" peaked at number six on the UK Singles Chart.
New York, Philadelphia and Norfolk Railroad
The New York, Philadelphia and Norfolk Railroad (reporting mark NYP&N) built, owned and operated a railroad line that ran down the spine of the Delmarva Peninsula from Delmar, Maryland to Cape Charles, Virginia and then by ferry to Norfolk, Virginia. It was always affiliated with the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR), but was taken over by the PRR in 1920. In 1968 it was absorbed into Penn Central. The track between Delmar and Hallwood, Virginia is still in use, but south of that it is abandoned.

Penn Central Transportation Company
The Penn Central Transportation Company, commonly abbreviated to Penn Central, was an American class I railroad that operated from 1968 to 1976. Penn Central combined three traditional corporate rivals (the Pennsylvania, New York Central and the New York, New Haven and Hartford railroads), each of which were united by large-scale service into the New York metropolitan area and to a lesser extent New England and Chicago.

Barely two years after its formation, the new company failed, representing the largest bankruptcy in U.S. history at the time. Penn Central's railroad assets were subsequently nationalized into Conrail along with those of other bankrupt northeastern railroads; its real estate and insurance holdings successfully reorganized into American Premier Underwriters.
Chennai Central–Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express
The 12611 / 12612 MGR Chennai Central-Hazrat Nizamuddin Garib Rath Express is a Superfast Express train of the Garib Rath category belonging to Indian Railways - Southern Railway zone that runs between Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station and Hazrat Nizamuddin (New Delhi) in India.

It operates as train number 12611 from Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station to Hazrat Nizamuddin and as train number 12612 in the reverse direction serving the seven states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh & Delhi. It shares the record of being the fastest train between Hazrat Nizamuddin and Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. Ramachandran Central Railway Station along with the Chennai Rajdhani Express covering the 2176 km journey in 28 hours and 20 minutes.

Garib Rath Express
The Garib Rath (lit. Poor Chariot) trains are a series of no-frills trains operated by Indian Railways to provide air-conditioned train travel at a cheaper rate compared to regular trains. Garib Rath Express trains primarily operate on long-distance routes, connecting major cities and important railway stations across different states in India. These trains are designed to cover extensive distances, often traversing several hundred kilometers in a single journey.
Jincheon station
Jincheon Station is a station of the Daegu Subway Line 1 in Jincheon-dong, Dalseo District, Daegu, South Korea. Jincheon Station is in Jincheon crossroads between Wolbaero and Jincheonno. Jincheon Station was a train terminal from November 26, 1997, to May 10, 2002, when Daegok Station was opened. The station has nothing to do with Jincheon-gun Chungcheongbukdo; the place of the station is Jincheon-dong.

The area around the station is composed of residential areas. To the north of the station, there used to be an old Wolbae Industrial Complex, but it is being developed sequentially as a residential district. Nearby are E-Mart Wolbae Branch, Wolbae Market, and bogang Hospital.

A safety gate was installed in February 2017.

Daegok station (Daegu Metro)
Daegok Station (Korean: 대곡역) is an underground of the Daegu Metro Line 1 of Daegu city railroad in Daegok-dong, Dalseo District, Daegu, South Korea.
It is located on the boundary between Dalseo District Daegok-dong and Dalseong-gun Hwawon-eup Gura-ri. There are an exit and entrance for a Hwawon-eup Bolli-ri Bolli-jigu Bolli Greenvill. A southern extension into Dalseong-gun (county) was opened on September 8, 2016.
Image analysis
Image analysis or imagery analysis is the extraction of meaningful information from images; mainly from digital images by means of digital image processing techniques. Image analysis tasks can be as simple as reading bar coded tags or as sophisticated as identifying a person from their face.

Computers are indispensable for the analysis of large amounts of data, for tasks that require complex computation, or for the extraction of quantitative information.  On the other hand, the human visual cortex is an excellent image analysis apparatus, especially for extracting higher-level information, and for many applications — including medicine, security, and remote sensing — human analysts still cannot be replaced by computers.  For this reason, many important image analysis tools such as edge detectors and neural networks are inspired by human visual perception models.

Digital image processing
Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and distortion during processing. Since images are defined over two dimensions (perhaps more), digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional systems. The generation and development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the creation and improvement of discrete mathematics theory); and third, the demand for a wide range of applications in environment, agriculture, military, industry and medical science has increased.
Tree nut allergy
A tree nut allergy is a hypersensitivity to dietary substances from tree nuts and edible tree seeds, causing an overreaction of the immune system, which may lead to severe physical symptoms. Tree nuts include almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, chestnuts, filberts/hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pistachios, shea nuts, and walnuts.

Management is by avoiding eating the causal nuts  or foods that contain them among their ingredients, and a prompt treatment if there is an accidental ingestion. Total avoidance is complicated because the declaration of the presence of trace amounts of allergens in foods is not mandatory in every country.

Tree nut allergies are distinct from peanut allergy, as peanuts are legumes, whereas a tree nut is a hard-shelled nut.

Cashew
Cashew is the common name of a tropical evergreen tree Anacardium occidentale, in the family Anacardiaceae. It is the source of the cashew nut (often simply called a 'cashew') and the cashew apple. The tree can grow as tall as 14 meters (46 feet).

The species is native to South America. The dwarf cultivars, growing up to 6 m (20 ft), are the most profitable, maturing sooner and producing greater yields. In 2023, 3.9 million tons of cashew nuts were harvested globally, led by the Ivory Coast and India.

The nut is edible and is eaten on its own as a snack, used in recipes, or processed into cashew cheese or cashew butter. The cashew apple, an accessory fruit, is a light reddish to yellow fruit, the pulp and juice of which can be processed into a sweet, astringent fruit drink or fermented and distilled into liquor. Additionally, derivatives from the shell are used in products such as varnishes, lubricant, and paints.
Grand Island Army Air Field
Grand Island Army Airfield (IATA: GRI, ICAO: KGRI, FAA LID: GRI) was a United States Army Air Forces airfield which operated from 1942 to 1946. After its closure, the base was reopened as Central Nebraska Regional Airport.

Central Nebraska Regional Airport
Central Nebraska Regional Airport (IATA: GRI, ICAO: KGRI, FAA LID: GRI) is three miles northeast of Grand Island, in Hall County, Nebraska. It is owned by the Hall County Airport Authority. The airport sees two airlines, Allegiant Air which flies independently and American Eagle which is subsidized by the federal Essential Air Service program. In 2016 the airport had 68,879 passenger boardings (enplanements), a 6.6% increase from the 64,602 enplanements in 2015. The airport had 7,961 enplanements in calendar year 2008, 20,136 in 2009 and 37,101 in 2010.

The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021 categorized it as a nonhub primary airport based on enplanements in 2016 (over 10,000 per year).
Dinas Cross
Dinas Cross (Welsh: Dinas) is a village, a community and a former parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales. Located between Fishguard and Newport in the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, it is a popular holiday destination on the A487 road. The two hamlets,  Cwm-yr-Eglwys and Pwllgwaelod, are in the community. The community has an elected community council and until 2022 gave its name to an electoral ward of Pembrokeshire County Council which covered the communities of Dinas Cross, Cwm Gwaun and Puncheston.

Puncheston
Puncheston (Welsh: Cas-mael or Casmael) is a village, parish and community in Pembrokeshire, southwest Wales.

It sits below the mountain known as Castlebythe (English: Cow Castle), one of the peaks in the Preseli Mountains, just outside the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park.
Battle of the Dance
Battle of the Dance was a dinner theater in Anaheim, California, featuring contrasting styles of dance—principally flamenco and Irish folk dancing—performed by a cast of over 40 dancers. Designed to cash in on the popularity of such shows as Dancing with the Stars and So You Think You Can Dance, the venture was very ambitious: the brainchild of Medieval Times founder Andrés Gelabert, backed by $10 million in investor capital, and performing in a dedicated 40,000 square foot venue. Performances debuted to much fanfare in February 2011, and the show met with critical success: for example, the Orange County Register said, "Without a doubt... some of the best flamenco and Spanish dancers you'll ever see," and called the choreography "masterful". However, the show never became a popular success, and it closed indefinitely just 16 months after its opening, in June 2012.

Medieval Times
Medieval Times Dinner and Tournament is an American dinner theater featuring staged medieval-style games, sword-fighting, and jousting. Medieval Times Entertainment, the holding company, is headquartered in Irving, Texas.

There are ten locations: the nine in the United States are built as castles; the tenth, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, is located inside the CNE Government Building.
The Killing Game (Star Trek: Voyager)
"The Killing Game" is a two-part episode of the science fiction television series Star Trek: Voyager, the 18th and 19th episodes of the fourth season. It is set in the 24th century aboard a starship returning to Earth after having been stranded on the other side of the Galaxy. The episode aired on UPN on March 4, 1998.

This is the third and fourth episodes that continues the Hirogen story arc after the events in "Hunters" and "Prey". The Hirogen have taken over Voyager and conscripted its crew to serve as holodeck prey by controlling their minds using neural interfaces which make them believe they really are their fictional characters. The Hirogen hunt them in holodecks 1 and 2 (as well as adjacent decks the Hirogen have enabled with additional holo-emitters) using different programs.

Prey (Star Trek: Voyager)
"Prey" is the 84th episode of the science fiction television series Star Trek: Voyager, the 16th episode of the fourth season, and the second episode of the Hirogen story arc. The episode centers upon a member of Species 8472, who escapes capture by the Hirogen, and boards Voyager. This results not only in an uneasy alliance between the Voyager crew and the Hirogen hunting the alien, but tension between Janeway and Seven, who harbor different ideas about how to resolve the situation.
Volume of distribution
In pharmacology, the volume of distribution (, also known as apparent volume of distribution or volume of dilution) is the theoretical volume that would be necessary to contain the total amount of an administered drug at the same concentration that it is observed in the blood plasma.

Roughly speaking, the , as a property of a drug, measures the degree to which it is distributed in body tissue rather than the blood plasma. Drug properties which cause high  include high lipid solubility (non-polarity), low rates of ionization, or low plasma protein binding capabilities. Disease states which increase  include kidney failure (due to fluid retention) and liver failure (due to altered body fluid and plasma protein binding). Conversely, dehydration may decrease .

The initial volume of distribution describes blood concentrations prior to attaining the apparent volume of distribution and uses the same formula.

Plasma protein binding
Plasma protein binding refers to the degree to which medications attach to blood proteins within the blood plasma. A drug's efficacy may be affected by the degree to which it binds. The less bound a drug is, the more efficiently it can traverse or diffuse through cell membranes. Common blood proteins that drugs bind to are human serum albumin, lipoprotein, glycoprotein, and α, β‚ and γ globulins.
2024 Prefontaine Classic
The 2024 Prefontaine Classic was the 49th edition of the annual outdoor track and field meeting in Eugene, Oregon, United States. Held on 25 May at Hayward Field, it was the 5th leg of the 2024 Diamond League – the highest-level international track and field circuit.

2024 Diamond League
The 2024 Diamond League was the fifteenth season of the annual series of outdoor track and field meetings, organised by World Athletics. The competition was a revision to the top level athletics series since Diamond League foundation in 2010. The number of Diamond Discipline events was 32. Each meeting will host a number of Diamond Discipline events and some of these events will not be broadcast. Events losing Diamond Discipline status will feature on the World Athletics Continental Tour, the second tier of track and field meetings.

The series concluded with the Diamond League Finals in Brussels, Belgium on 13th and 14th September 2024.
Marlon Reid
Marlon Reid (born 17 April 1982) is a British professional boxer who was born in Swindon and currently lives in Bath. After reaching the ABA final against George Groves as an amateur Reid boxed for England and made his debut as a professional boxer on 17 October 2008 against Gary Cooper and won on points. 
Reid continued his great start winning his first four fights,two by way of knock out.

George Groves (boxer)
George Groves (born 26 March 1988) is a British former professional boxer who competed from 2008 to 2018. He held the WBA (Super) super-middleweight title from 2017 to 2018. At regional level, he held multiple super-middleweight titles, including the European, British, and Commonwealth titles between 2010 and 2014. As an amateur, Groves won the ABA middleweight title twice in 2007 and 2008.

In March 2018, he was ranked as the world's best active super-middleweight by BoxRec, The Ring magazine and the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board.
Kummer sum
In mathematics, Kummer sum is the name given to certain cubic Gauss sums for a prime modulus p, with p congruent to 1 modulo 3. They are named after Ernst Kummer, who made a conjecture about the statistical properties of their arguments, as complex numbers. These sums were known and used before Kummer, in the theory of cyclotomy.

Root of unity
In mathematics, a root of unity is any complex number that yields 1 when raised to some positive integer power n. Roots of unity are used in many branches of mathematics, and are especially important in number theory, the theory of group characters, and the discrete Fourier transform. It is occasionally called a de Moivre number after French mathematician Abraham de Moivre.

Roots of unity can be defined in any field. If the characteristic of the field is zero, the roots are complex numbers that are also algebraic integers. For fields with a positive characteristic, the roots belong to a finite field, and, conversely, every nonzero element of a finite field is a root of unity. Any algebraically closed field contains exactly n nth roots of unity, except when n is a multiple of the (positive) characteristic of the field.
Kaiserlicher Yacht Club
Kaiserlicher Yacht-Club, "Imperial Yacht Club", was one of the forerunners of the Kiel Yacht Club. Known also as "Küz" from its acronym KYC, it was a prestigious yacht club located in the harbor city of Kiel, Germany. German Emperor Wilhelm II, his younger brother Prince Heinrich of Prussia and Alfred Krupp were among its members. This club was famous for the sailing events it organized, including its role in the first Kieler Woche regattas, an event that still takes place yearly in the Kiel Bay.

Bay of Kiel
The Bay of Kiel or Kiel Bay (German: Kieler Bucht, German pronunciationⓘ; Danish: Kiel Bugt) is a bay in the southwestern Baltic Sea, off the shores of Schleswig-Holstein in Germany and the islands of Denmark. It is connected with the Bay of Mecklenburg in the east, the Little Belt in the northwest, and the Great Belt in the North.

Maritime traffic entering or leaving the Baltic through the two Belts must enter the bay. Once in, through traffic to the Baltic passes through another strait, the Fehmarn Belt, into the Bay of Mecklenburg, which opens out into the Baltic Sea. In the other direction, traffic can either pass northward through the Great Belt, keeping Langeland on the port side, or enter the Kiel Fjord and traverse the Kiel Canal directly to the mouth of the Elbe River and the North Sea. The Kiel Fjord ends at Kiel, the capital of Schleswig-Holstein.