hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital
Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital is a 1131-bed acute care teaching hospital in Royal Oak, Michigan. Opened in 1955, it is the flagship facility of Corewell Health, and the namesake of its former parent, Beaumont Health. It is affiliated with the Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine as its primary teaching affiliate. It includes Level I adult and Level II pediatric trauma centers, and has an onsite helipad to receive medivac patients from across the region.

Corewell Health
Corewell Health is a non-profit healthcare system in the U.S. state of Michigan. It was formed by the 2022 merger of Beaumont Health, located in Southfield, and Spectrum Health, headquartered in West Michigan. Corewell Health is currently the largest healthcare system in Michigan, based on its inpatient admissions and net patient revenue. The organization is headquartered in Grand Rapids and employs over 60,000 people.
Russell Fiord
Russell Fiord, also spelled Russell Fjord, is a fjord in the U.S. state of Alaska. It extends north to Disenchantment Bay, the terminus of Hubbard Glacier, at the head of Yakutat Bay. The fjord was named in 1901 by Marcus Baker of the U.S. Geological Survey for explorer Israel Russell, who discovered the estuary in 1891 while exploring the Yakutat region.

The opening into Disenchantment Bay has been periodically blocked by Hubbard Glacier, turning Russell Fiord into a lake collecting freshwater run-off from the glacier. The entrance closed from May to October 1986, and again briefly in 2002.

Hubbard Glacier
Hubbard Glacier (Lingít: Sít' Tlein) is a glacier located in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve in eastern Alaska and Kluane National Park and Reserve in Yukon, Canada, and named after Gardiner Hubbard.
Ostrogradsky instability
In applied mathematics, the Ostrogradsky instability is a feature of some solutions of theories having equations of motion with more than two time derivatives (higher-derivative theories).  It is suggested by a theorem of Mikhail Ostrogradsky in classical mechanics according to which a non-degenerate Lagrangian dependent on time derivatives higher than the first corresponds to a Hamiltonian unbounded from below. As usual, the Hamiltonian is associated with the Lagrangian via a Legendre transform. The Ostrogradsky instability has been proposed as an explanation as to why no differential equations of higher order than two appear to describe physical phenomena.
However, Ostrogradsky's theorem does not imply that all solutions of higher-derivative theories are unstable as many counterexamples are known.

Mikhail Ostrogradsky
Mikhail Vasilyevich Ostrogradsky (Russian: Михаи́л Васи́льевич Острогра́дский; 24 September 1801 – 1 January 1862), also known as Mykhailo Vasyliovych Ostrohradskyi (Ukrainian: Миха́йло Васи́льович Острогра́дський), was a Russian Imperial mathematician, mechanician, and physicist of Zaporozhian Cossacks ancestry. Ostrogradsky was a student of Timofei Osipovsky and is considered to be a disciple of Leonhard Euler, who was known as one of the leading mathematicians of Imperial Russia.
Exceptional X-Men
Exceptional X-Men is an American superhero comic book series published by Marvel Comics. The series focuses on Kitty Pryde and Emma Frost as they adapt to life after the Krakoan Age and try to mentor three new mutants, Axo, Bronze, and Melee.

The ongoing series is written by Eve Ewing with art by Carmen Carnero. The first issue was released in September 2024 as part of the X-Men: From the Ashes publishing initiative, which relaunched the X-Men line.

Eve Ewing
Eve Louise Ewing (born 1986) is an American sociologist, author, poet, and visual artist from Chicago, Illinois. Ewing is an associate professor at University of Chicago. Her academic research in the sociology of education includes her 2018 book, Ghosts in the Schoolyard: Racism and School Closings on Chicago's South Side, a study of school closures in Chicago. She is the former editor at Seven Scribes and the author of the poetry collection Electric Arches which was released in September 2017.  In 2019, she published 1919, a poetry collection centered around the Chicago race riot of 1919. Additionally, Ewing is the author of the Ironheart comic book series for Marvel centered on the young heroine Riri Williams.
Portrait of the Earl of Buckinghamshire
Portrait of the Earl of Buckinghamshire is a 1784 portrait painting by the British artist Thomas Gainsborough. It depicts the diplomat and  politician John Hobart, 2nd Earl of Buckinghamshire. He served as British Ambassador to Russia from 1762 to 1765 and later as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland from 1776 to 1780.

His daughter Amelia married Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh, the British Secretary of War and Foreign Secretary during the Napoleonic Wars. He is shown at full-length in court dress and the ermine robes of a peer. Gainsborough also produced a companion portrait featuring his Irish wife Caroline Connolly.

Gainsborough planned to display the painting at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1784 at Somerset House in London. However following a dispute with the committee, he withdrew this and other paintings and never exhibited with the Royal Academy again. The painting hangs in the Earl's historic residence of Blickling Hall in Norfolk.

Thomas Gainsborough
Thomas Gainsborough RA FRSA (/ˈɡeɪnzbərə/; 14 May 1727 (baptised) – 2 August 1788) was an English portrait and landscape painter, draughtsman, and printmaker. Along with his rival Sir Joshua Reynolds, he is considered one of the most important British artists of the second half of the 18th century. He painted quickly, and the works of his maturity are characterised by a light palette and easy strokes. Despite being a prolific portrait painter, Gainsborough gained greater satisfaction from his landscapes. He is credited (with Richard Wilson) as the originator of the 18th-century British landscape school. Gainsborough was a founding member of the Royal Academy.
Carn
Carn is the official magazine of the Celtic League. The name, a Celtic word which has been borrowed into English as 'cairn', was chosen for its symbolic value and because it can be found in each of the living Celtic languages.  The subtitle is: 'A Link Between the Celtic Nations'.

Celtic League
The Celtic League is a pan-Celtic organization, founded in 1961, that aims to promote modern Celtic identity and culture in Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Brittany, Cornwall and the Isle of Man – referred to as the Celtic nations; it places particular emphasis on promoting the Celtic languages of those nations. It also advocates further self-governance in the Celtic nations and ultimately for each nation to be an independent state in its own right. The Celtic League is an accredited NGO with roster consultative status to the United Nations Economic and Social Council (EcoSoc).
Vers, Lot
Vers (Languedocien: Vèrn) is a former commune in the Lot department in south-western France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Saint Géry-Vers. Its population was 465 in 2022.

The singer Jean Mouliérat (1853 – 1932) was born in Vers.

Saint Géry-Vers
Saint Géry-Vers (Languedocien: Sent Juèli e Vèrn) is a commune in the department of Lot, southern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2017 by merger of the former communes of Saint-Géry (the seat) and Vers.
Heliamphora sp. 'Akopán Tepui'
Heliamphora sp. 'Akopán Tepui' is an undescribed taxon of marsh pitcher plant known only from Akopán Tepui in Venezuela, where it grows at elevations of 1800–1900 m. It resembles H. heterodoxa in many respects, but has larger and broader pitchers, narrower tepals, and a smaller nectar spoon.

Chimantá Massif
The Chimantá Massif is a highly fragmented complex of tepuis in Bolívar state, Venezuela. The massif comprises around 11 tepuis and has a total summit area of 615 km2 (237 sq mi) and an estimated slope area of 915 km2 (353 sq mi). It is divided in two by the Río Tírica, with the northern section being both larger and higher. The massif is notable for its high species richness and for its varied habitat types. It reaches an elevation of 2,698 metres (8,852 ft) on its highest peak, Murey-tepui (also known as Eruoda-tepui). The massif is situated entirely within the bounds of Canaima National Park. It hosts extensive cave systems, including the world's largest known quartzite cave, Cueva Charles Brewer, named after discoverer Charles Brewer-Carías. The processes behind their speleogenesis are the subject of some debate.

The isolated southern peaks of Angasima-tepui and Upuigma-tepui are sometimes considered part of the Chimantá Massif.
Four on the Floor (American TV program)
Four on the Floor is an American television program that aired on VH1 from 1994 to 1996. It was hosted by a panel of music critics who discussed the latest new releases. The program was nominated for a Cable Ace Award.

Anthony DeCurtis was the program's moderator, panelists included Vibe magazine's Scott Poulson-Bryant, Amy Linden, J.D. Considine, David Adleson and David Shenk.

1990s portal

David Adleson
David Adleson is an American music critic, journalist and writer and has served as a producer and music correspondent for E! News since 1992, reporting on music trends, events and issues, Adleson was also a panelist on the VH1 series Four on the Floor.
Styria
Styria (Austrian German: Steiermark [ˈʃtaɪɐmark] ⓘ; Bavarian: Steiamårk; Slovene: Štajerska; Hungarian: Stájerország [ˈʃtaːjɛrorsaːɡ]) is an Austrian state in the southeast of the country. With an area of approximately 16,399 km2 (6,332 sq mi), Styria is Austria's second largest state, after Lower Austria. It is bordered to the south by Slovenia, and clockwise, from the southwest, by the other Austrian states of Carinthia, Salzburg, Upper Austria, Lower Austria, and Burgenland. The state's capital is Graz, the second largest city in Austria after Vienna.

Austrian German
Austrian German (German: Österreichisches Deutsch), Austrian Standard German (ASG), Standard Austrian German (Österreichisches Standarddeutsch), Austrian High German (Österreichisches Hochdeutsch), or simply just Austrian (Österreichisch), is the variety of Standard German written and spoken in Austria and South Tyrol. It has the highest sociolinguistic prestige locally, as it is the variation used in the media and for other formal situations. In less formal situations, Austrians use Bavarian and Alemannic dialects, which are traditionally spoken but rarely written in Austria. It has been standardized with the publishing of the Österreichisches Wörterbuch in 1951.
The Unhappy Favourite
The Unhappy Favourite; Or, The Earl Of Essex is a 1681 tragedy by the English writer John Banks. It was originally staged by the King's Company at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London. It portrays the downfall of the Earl of Essex, favourite of Elizabeth I, and his subsequent execution following Essex's Rebellion.

The first Drury Lane cast included Thomas Clark as The Earl of Essex, Philip Griffin as Earl of Southampton, Michael Mohun as Burleigh, Thomas Disney as Sir Walter Raleigh, Anne Marshall as Queen Elizabeth, Sarah Cooke as Countess of Rutland and Mary Corbett as Countess of Nottingham. John Dryden wrote a special prologue for a performance attended by Charles II and his wife Catherine of Braganza.

Banks dedicated the published version of 1682 to Princess Anne, niece of the king, who herself later came to the throne. The play was revived numerous times during the following century. In 1731 James Ralph wrote The Fall of the Earl of Essex, borrowing heavily from Banks.

Mary Corbett
Mary Corbett was an English stage actress of the seventeenth century. She was a member of the King's Company, based at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. She appears to have left the company around the time of the merger creating the new United Company. Her name is sometimes written as Mary Corbet.
Mark Behr
Mark Behr (19 October 1963 – 27 November 2015) was a Tanzanian-born writer who grew up in South Africa. He was professor of English literature and creative writing at Rhodes College, Memphis, Tennessee. He also taught in the MA program at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Rhodes College
Rhodes College is a private liberal arts college in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. Historically affiliated with the Presbyterian Church (USA), it is a member of the Associated Colleges of the South and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Rhodes enrolls about 2,000 students, and its Collegiate Gothic campus sits on a 123-acre wooded site in Memphis' historic Midtown neighborhood.
Jayanta Mahapatra
Jayanta Mahapatra (22 October 1928 – 27 August 2023) was an Indian poet. He is the first Indian poet to win a Sahitya Akademi award for English poetry. He was the author of poems such as "Indian Summer" and "Hunger", which are regarded as classics in modern Indian English literature. He was awarded a Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian honour in India in 2009, but he returned the award in 2015 to protest against rising intolerance in India.

Ravenshaw University
Ravenshaw University, formerly known as Ravenshaw College, is a co-educational state university situated in Cuttack, Odisha on the eastern coast of India. Founded as Ravenshaw College in 1868, the institution became a university in 2006. The university has nine schools, thirty three academic departments and a student enrolment of nearly 8,000. It is one of the oldest educational institutes in the country and its history is synonymous with the history of modern Odisha.
Dominican Republic men's national basketball team
The Dominican Republic national basketball team (Spanish: Selección de Baloncesto de República Dominicana) represents the Dominican Republic in men's international basketball competitions. In 2011 and 2012, John Calipari, the head coach of the University of Arkansas men's basketball team, served as the head coach of the team. The team placed third in the 2011 FIBA Americas Championship and fourth in the 2012 FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament, one position shy of qualifying for the 2012 Olympics.

Carlos Morban
Carlos Alberto Morban Rivera (born April 25, 1982 in Santo Domingo) is a professional basketball player from the Dominican Republic. He is a 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) and 190 lb (93 kg) guard who last played professionally for Mexican team Lobos Grises UAD.
John B. Yeon
Jean Baptiste Yeon (also known as John B. Yeon) (24 April 1865 – 15 October 1928) was a Canada West-born, timber magnate who was a prominent citizen of Portland, Oregon, United States.

Yeon was one of the principal financiers of the Columbia River Highway. The John B. Yeon State Scenic Corridor was named for him, as was Yeon Avenue, which carries U.S. Route 30 through the Northwest Industrial neighborhood of Portland, Oregon.

He financed the construction of the 1911 Yeon Building in downtown Portland, and supervised the construction of the Vista House at Crown Point in 1918.

Yeon was the father of Portland architect and philanthropist John Yeon.  Both are interred in the family vault at Portland Memorial Mausoleum.

The family name is pronounced "yawn", not "yee-on".

John B. Yeon State Scenic Corridor
John B. Yeon State Scenic Corridor is a state park in the U.S. state of Oregon, administered by the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department. It is located about 35 miles east of Portland in the Columbia Gorge. It is named in honor of John B. Yeon, one of the principal financiers of the Historic Columbia River Highway U.S. Route 30 which was constructed between 1913 and 1922. Located in the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area, the park features hiking trails that access some of the nearby waterfalls, including Elowah Falls.
DKDA: Sueños de juventud
DKDA: Sueños de juventud (English: DKDA: Youth dreams) is a Mexican juvenile telenovela produced by Luis de Llano Macedo for Televisa in 1999.

On Monday, November 22, 1999, Canal de las Estrellas started broadcasting DKDA: Sueños de juventud weekdays at 7:00 pm, replacing Alma rebelde. The last episode was broadcast on Friday, April 28, 2000, with Locura de amor replacing it the following Monday.

Jan and Litzy (who later is replaced by Andrea Torre) starred as protagonists, María Sorté, Otto Sirgo and Eugenia Cauduro starred as adult protagonists, while Nora Salinas, Luis Gatica, Alessandra Rosaldo and José Suárez starred as antagonists.

Alessandra Rosaldo
Alessandra Rosaldo (born Alejandra Sánchez Barrero; September 11, 1971) is a Mexican actress, singer and  dancer. In 2006, she was the winner of the first prize in Televisa Network's, later broadcast in Univision Bailando por un Sueño.

She has played main and supporting roles in many telenovelas. She has sold over 4 million records as the lead singer of her pop music band Sentidos Opuestos and as a solo singer, for which she received the Lo Nuestro Award for Rock New Artist of the Year at the 16th Lo Nuestro Awards.
Honoratów
Honoratów [xɔnɔˈratuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Paradyż, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) west of Paradyż, 21 km (13 mi) west of Opoczno, and 63 km (39 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Paradyż
Gmina Paradyż is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Paradyż, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-west of Opoczno and 70 km (43 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 81.56 square kilometres (31.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,421.
John Whitgift
John Whitgift (c. 1530 – 29 February 1604) was the Archbishop of Canterbury from 1583 to his death. Noted for his hospitality, he was somewhat ostentatious in his habits, sometimes visiting Canterbury and other towns attended by a retinue of 800 horses. Whitgift's theological views were often controversial.

Whitgift Foundation
The Whitgift Foundation is a charity based in Croydon, south London, England. The purpose of the charity is to provide education for the young and care for the elderly.

The main activities of the charity are the operation of two independent schools; providing sheltered accommodation; and nursing care through three care homes and running the Carer's Information Service. In addition, the charity provides bursaries and scholarships in excess of £5m a year.

The foundation is governed by a Court of Governors, including the Bishop of Croydon; the Vicar of Croydon; and nominees of the Archbishop of Canterbury and Croydon Council.
Polybutene
Polybutene is an organic polymer made from a mixture of 1-butene, 2-butene, and isobutylene.  C4 hydrocarbons, produced during ethylene steam cracking in oil processing, are also used as supplemental feed for polybutene. It is similar to polyisobutylene (PIB), which is produced from essentially pure isobutylene made in a C4 complex of a major refinery.  The presence of isomers other than isobutylene can have several effects including: lower reactivity due to steric hindrance at the terminal carbon in, for example in polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride (PIBSA) dispersant manufacture; and in the molecular weight–viscosity relationships of the two materials may also be somewhat different.

Polyisobutene
Polyisobutene (polyisobutylene) is a class of organic polymers prepared by polymerization of isobutene. The polymers often have the formula Me3C[CH2CMe2]nH (Me = CH3). They are typically colorless gummy solids.

Cationic polymerization, initiated with a strong Brønsted or Lewis acid, is the typical method for its production. The molecular weight (MW) of the resulting polymer determines the applications. Low MW polyisobutene, a mixture of oligomers with Mns of about 500, is used as plasticizers.  Medium and high MW polyisobutenes, with Mn ≥ 20,000, are components of commercial adhesives.
Jane Franklin Hall
Jane Franklin Hall in Hobart, Australia is an independent non-denominational residential college of the University of Tasmania. Familiarly referred to as "Jane", it was founded by the Tasmanian Council of Churches in 1950 as a residential college for women before becoming co-educational in 1973. Jane is a non-denominational Christian institution supported by chaplains of various Christian traditions and is the only college in the Oxbridge style attached to the university.

Although there is no direct link between them, the college is named in honour of Jane Franklin. The college embraces Lady Franklin as a namesake, placing a high value on education and community wellbeing.

Jane Franklin
Jane, Lady Franklin (née Griffin; 4 December 1791 – 18 July 1875) was a British explorer, seasoned traveller and the second wife of the English explorer Sir John Franklin. During her husband's period as Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land, she became known for her philanthropic work and her travels throughout south-eastern Australia. After John Franklin's disappearance in search of the Northwest Passage, she sponsored or otherwise supported several expeditions to determine his fate.
Sport Billy
Sport Billy is an animated television series produced in 1980 by Filmation in the United States, based on a German comic book created by Rolf Deyhle in 1977, whose eponymous hero is a boy who promotes sportsmanship. A single 26-episode season was produced, first broadcast in Germany and other parts of Europe from 1980 to 1981. In 1982, Filmation carried the show over to the United States for syndication, and as a summer replacement for The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends in NBC's Saturday morning children's programming.

Lou Scheimer
Louis Scheimer (October 19, 1928 – October 17, 2013) was an American producer and voice actor who was one of the original founders of Filmation. He was also credited as an executive producer of many of its cartoons.
Perseverance (Percee P album)
Perseverance is the official debut studio album by American rapper Percee P. It was released on Stones Throw Records on September 18, 2007. All tracks are produced by Madlib. The album features guest appearances from Guilty Simpson, Diamond D, Chali 2na, Prince Po, and Aesop Rock, among others.

Guilty Simpson
Byron Dwayne "Guilty" Simpson is an American rapper and songwriter from Detroit, Michigan whose recording career spans more than 30 years. He is signed to Stones Throw Records, and is known for being one of the late producer J Dilla's favorite rappers.

Simpson's debut album, Ode to the Ghetto, includes production from J Dilla, as well as from Madlib and Black Milk; all three have been frequent collaborators of his. Along with Black Milk and the late Sean Price, Guilty Simpson formed one-third of the rap trio Random Axe. Simpson is also affiliated with the Detroit hip-hop collective Almighty Dreadnaughtz.

Guilty Simpson’s major rap influences are Big Daddy Kane, Scarface, Kool G Rap, and Ice Cube.