hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cháo lòng
Cháo lòng is a traditional Vietnamese dish consisting of rice porridge (cháo) served with assorted pork offal (lòng). It is commonly eaten for breakfast or later in the day. It is widely available throughout Vietnam, particularly at street food stalls and casual eateries. It is considered nourishing and affordable.

Vietnamese cuisine
Vietnamese cuisine encompasses the foods and beverages originated from Vietnam. Meals feature a combination of five fundamental tastes (ngũ vị): sweet, salty, bitter, sour, and spicy. The distinctive nature of each dish reflects one or more elements (such as nutrients and colors), which are also based around a five-pronged philosophy. Vietnamese recipes use ingredients like lemongrass, ginger, mint, Vietnamese mint, brown sugar, long coriander, Saigon cinnamon, bird's eye chili, soy sauce, lime, and Thai basil leaves. Traditional Vietnamese cooking has often been characterised as using fresh ingredients, not using much dairy or oil, having interesting textures, and making use of herbs and vegetables. The cuisine is also low in sugar and is almost always naturally gluten-free, as many of the dishes are rice-based instead of wheat-based, made with rice noodles, bánh tráng rice paper wrappers and rice flour.
ATC code M02
ATC code M02 Topical products for joint and muscular pain is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. Subgroup M02 is part of the anatomical group M Musculo-skeletal system.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QM02. ATCvet codes without corresponding human ATC codes are cited with the leading Q in the following list.National issues of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.

Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System is a drug classification system that classifies the active ingredients of drugs according to the organ or system on which they act and their therapeutic, pharmacological and chemical properties. Its purpose is an aid to monitor drug use and for research to improve quality medication use. It does not imply drug recommendation or efficacy. It is controlled by the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC), and was first published in 1976.
Vadodara–Kota Express
The 19819 / 19820 Vadodara–Kota Express is an express train of the Indian Railways, which runs between Kota Junction in Rajasthan and Vadodara Junction in Gujarat. It is currently being operated with 19819/19820 train numbers on a weekly basis.

Kota Junction railway station
Kota Junction railway station is major railway junction on the West Central railway network of India which serves Kota in Rajasthan. It is the headquarters of Kota railway division of West Central Railway zone.
2015 Damallsvenskan
2015 Damallsvenskan was the 27th season of the Swedish women's association football top division, Damallsvenskan. It was played between 11 April 2015 and 18 October 2015. FC Rosengård were the defending champions, having won the competition in 2014. They successfully defended their title and together with Eskilstuna United qualified for the 2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League.

AIK and Hammarby were relegated to the 2016 Elitettan.

2014 Damallsvenskan
The 2014 Damallsvenskan, part of the 2014 Swedish football season, was the 27th season of Damallsvenskan since its establishment in 1988. The season started on 13 April 2014 and ended on 19 October 2014. LdB Malmö, which was renamed to FC Rosengård in December 2013, were the defending champions and won the title with several match days before the end of the season.

Originally the season featured 12 teams, but due to Tyresö FF's midseason withdrawal, the season ended with 11 teams; nine returned from the 2013 season and the other two were promoted from Elitettan. On 28 September 2014, with few fixtures remaining in the season, relegation was confirmed for Jitex BK after they were defeated by Kristianstads.
Arthur Gordon (politician)
Arthur St. Clair Gordon (June 3, 1894 – June 29, 1953) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He served as a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1934 to 1945. He served in the cabinet of Mitchell Hepburn.

Mitchell Hepburn
Mitchell Frederick Hepburn (August 12, 1896 – January 5, 1953) was the 11th premier of Ontario, from 1934 to 1942. He was the youngest premier in Ontario history, becoming premier at age 37. He was the only Ontario Liberal Party leader in the 20th century to lead his party to two majorities.
Andreasen
Andreasen and the parallel form Andresen (Norwegian cognate Andreassen) are Danish-Norwegian patronymic surnames meaning "son of Andreas". It has a similar origin as the name Andersen. Notable people with the surname include:

Christian Andreasen (born 1988), Danish footballer

Dagmar Andreasen (1920–2006), Danish businesswoman and politician

Emil Andreasen (1895–1972), Danish boxer

George Andreasen (1934–1989), American orthodontist

Heidi Andreasen (born 1985), Faroese paralympic swimming silver medalist

Jakob Andreasen (handball coach) (born 1976), Danish handball coach

Lawrence Andreasen (1945–1990), American athlete

Leon Andreasen (born 1983), Danish footballer

Marta Andreasen (born 1954), Argentina-born member of the European Parliament

Nancy Coover Andreasen (born 1938), American neuroscientist

Rannvá Andreasen (born 1980), Faroese association footballer

Søren Andreasen (born 1996), Danish footballer

Andersen
Andersen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈɑnɐsn̩]) is a Danish-Norwegian patronymic surname meaning "son of Anders" (itself derived from the Greek name "Ανδρέας/Andreas", cf. English Andrew). It is the fifth most common surname in Denmark, shared by about 3.2% of the population.

From the same root – the given name Andreas – derives the surname Andreasen Danish pronunciation: [ænˈtʁeˀæsn̩] (cognate Andreassen) and Andresen Danish pronunciation: [ænˈtʁeˀsn̩].

The numbers of bearers of the surnames Andersen, Andreasen, Andreassen and Andresen in Denmark and Norway (2009):
2014 ACC men's soccer tournament
The 2014 Atlantic Coast Conference men's soccer tournament was the 28th edition of the ACC Men's Soccer Tournament. The tournament decided the Atlantic Coast Conference champion and guaranteed representative into the 2014 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship.

2014 NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament
The 2014 NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament is the 56th annual edition of the NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship tournament. The brackets for the tournament were announced on November 17, 2014, with each of the 48 participating teams gaining an invitation through either an automatic or at-large bid determined by the NCAA. The First, Second, Third, and Quarterfinal Rounds were held at college campus sites across the United States determined by seeding and record. The four team College Cup finals tournament were held at WakeMed Soccer Park in Cary, North Carolina on December 12 and 14, 2014.

The Virginia Cavaliers won their seventh NCAA Championship title, defeating UCLA and avenging their loss to the Bruins in the championship game of the 1997 College Cup.
Recursive language
In mathematics, logic and computer science, a recursive (or decidable) language is a recursive subset of the Kleene closure of an alphabet. Equivalently, a formal language is recursive if there exists a Turing machine that decides the formal language. In theoretical computer science, such always-halting Turing machines are called total Turing machines or algorithms.

The concept of decidability may be extended to other models of computation. For example, one may speak of languages decidable on a non-deterministic Turing machine.  Therefore, whenever an ambiguity is possible, the synonym used for "recursive language" is Turing-decidable language, rather than simply decidable.

The class of all recursive languages is often called R, although this name is also used for the class RP.

This type of language was not defined in the Chomsky hierarchy. All recursive languages are also recursively enumerable. All regular, context-free and context-sensitive languages are recursive.

Kleene star
In formal language theory, the Kleene star (or Kleene operator or Kleene closure) refer to two related unary operations, that can be applied either to an alphabet of symbols or to a formal language, a set of strings (finite sequences of symbols).

The Kleene star operator on an alphabet V generates the set V* of all finite-length strings over V, that is, finite sequences whose elements belong to V; in mathematics, it is more commonly known as the free monoid construction. The Kleene star operator on a language L generates another language L*, the set of all strings that can be obtained as a concatenation of zero or more members of L. In both cases, repetitions are allowed.

The Kleene star operators are named after American mathematician Stephen Cole Kleene, who first introduced and widely used it to characterize automata for regular expressions.
All-Albanian Congress
The All-Albanian Congress (Albanian: Kongresi Gjithë Shqipëtar) was held in Vlorë (then Ottoman Empire, today Republic of Albania) on November 28, 1912. The Congress's participants constituted the Assembly of Vlorë which established Albanian Provisional Government and elected Ismail Kemal as its president.

Provisional Government of Albania
The Provisional Government of Albania (Albanian: Qeveria e Përkohshme e Shqipërisë), also called the Qemali Government, was the first government of Albania, created by the Assembly of Vlorë on 4 December 1912. It was a paternal government, led by Ismail Qemali, until his resignation on 22 January 1914, followed by the International Control Commission until the proclamation of the Principality of Albania.
Mitch Hoopes
Mitchell Kent Hoopes (July 8, 1953 – August 11, 2020) was an American professional football punter in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys, San Diego Chargers, Houston Oilers, Detroit Lions and Philadelphia Eagles. He also was a member of the Boston Breakers in the United States Football League (USFL). He played college football at the University of Arizona.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Stavanger Socialdemokrat
Stavanger Socialdemokrat was a Norwegian newspaper, published in Stavanger in Rogaland county. It was affiliated with the Social Democratic Labour Party of Norway.

Stavanger Socialdemokrat was started in 1921, the same year the Social Democratic Labour Party broke away from the Norwegian Labour Party. In 1927 the Social Democratic Labour Party reconciled with the Labour Party, and the two parties again became one. At the same time, Stavanger Socialdemokrat ceased to exist.

Social Democratic Labour Party of Norway
The Social Democratic Labour Party of Norway (in Norwegian Norges Socialdemokratiske Arbeiderparti) was a Norwegian political party in the 1920s. Following the Labour Party's entry into the Comintern in 1919 its right wing left the party to form the Social Democratic Labour Party in 1921. At the party convention in 1923, however, the Labour Party withdrew from Comintern, and the Communist Party of Norway was formed by the minority, who continued its affiliation with Comintern and the Soviet Union until 1991. The Social Democratic Labour Party was absorbed into the reorganised Labour Party in 1927.

The youth wing of the party was the Socialist Youth League of Norway.

The party sympathized with the International Working Union of Socialist Parties from 1921 to 1923 and was a member of the Labour and Socialist International between 1923 and 1927.
Sheldon Datz
Sheldon Datz  (July 21, 1927 – August 15, 2001) was an American chemist. Born in New York City as the son of Clara and Jacob Datz, he went to Stuyvesant High School and received a degree in chemistry from Columbia University and the University of Tennessee. Along with Dr. Ellison Taylor, Datz was an early contributor to the invention of the molecular beam technique, for which Dudley R. Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee and John Charles Polanyi later won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He shared the Fermi Award in 2000 with Sidney Drell and Herbert York.

Datz served in the U.S. Navy and moved to Oak Ridge, Tennessee upon the opening of federal nuclear facilities there after the Second World War. He married Roslyn Gordon Datz and fathered two children: William (Bill) Datz and Joan Ellen Datz Green. They divorced, and Sheldon later married Jonna Holm Datz of Denmark.

Enrico Fermi Award
The Enrico Fermi Award is a scientific award conferred by the President of the United States. It is awarded to honor scientists of international stature for their lifetime achievement in the development, use or production of energy. It was established in 1956 by the Atomic Energy Commission in memorial of Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi and his work in the development of nuclear power.

The award has been administered through the Department of Energy since its establishment in 1977.  The recipient of the award receives $100,000, a certificate signed by the President and the Secretary of Energy and a gold medal featuring the likeness of Enrico Fermi.
Adviser (Bangladesh)
Adviser (Bengali: উপদেষ্টা), also spelt Advisor, refers to a government official who oversees one or more government ministries in the interim and caretaker government systems of Bangladesh. An adviser has the status equivalent to the Minister of an elected government. During an interim government, several advisers and the Chief Adviser forms the cabinet instead of Prime Minister and ministers. Usually people who serves as adviser in an interim government in Bangladesh are politically nonpartisan.

Caretaker government of Bangladesh
A caretaker government of Bangladesh (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের তত্ত্বাবধায়ক সরকার) is a non-political interim government in Bangladesh tasked with organizing free and fair general elections. The Chief Adviser, the head of government in lieu of the Prime Minister, is appointed by the President. The Chief Advisor appoints other advisers, who act as ministers. The appointments are intended to be nonpartisan.

The caretaker government is only permitted to make necessary policy decisions, and may not contest the elections.
Biological applications of bifurcation theory
Biological applications of bifurcation theory provide a framework for understanding the behavior of biological networks modeled as dynamical systems. In the context of a biological system, bifurcation theory describes how small changes in an input parameter can cause a bifurcation or qualitative change in the behavior of the system. The ability to make dramatic change in system output is often essential to organism function, and bifurcations are therefore ubiquitous in biological networks such as the switches of the cell cycle.

Bifurcation theory
Bifurcation theory is the mathematical study of changes in the qualitative or topological structure of a given family of curves, such as the integral curves of a family of vector fields, and the solutions of a family of differential equations. Most commonly applied to the mathematical study of dynamical systems, a bifurcation occurs when a small smooth change made to the parameter values (the bifurcation parameters) of a system causes a sudden "qualitative" or topological change in its behavior. Bifurcations occur in both continuous systems (described by ordinary, delay or partial differential equations) and discrete systems (described by maps).

The name "bifurcation" was first introduced by Henri Poincaré in 1885 in the first paper in mathematics showing such a behavior.
Gardiner Medal
The Gardiner Medal was an Australian rules football award, formerly awarded to the best and fairest player in the AFL reserves competition.

Officially named the Seconds prior to 1959 and the Reserves from 1959 onwards, the competition ran from 1919 until 1999 and the medal was first awarded in 1926.

The Medal was named in honour of Frank Gardiner, a former president of the VFL Seconds.

The award was voted for by the field umpires at the conclusion of each match in the same format as used in the senior grade's Brownlow Medal.

As for the Brownlow Medal, ties were originally decided on a countback of who received the most "best-on-ground" votes.  In 1992 three players who had previously been eliminated on a countback were awarded medals retrospectively for seasons 1950, 1970 and 1971.

Brownlow Medal
The Charles Brownlow Trophy, better known as the Brownlow Medal (and informally as Charlie), is awarded to the best and fairest player in the Australian Football League (AFL) during the home-and-away season, as determined by votes cast by the four officiating field umpires after each game. It is the most prestigious award for individual players in the AFL.

The medal was first awarded by the Victorian Football League (VFL). It was created and named in honour of Charles Brownlow, a former Geelong Football Club footballer (1880–1891) and club secretary (1885–1923), and VFL president (1918–19), who had died in January 1924 after an extended illness.
Central Rook vs Side Pawn
Central Rook vs Side Pawn is an older joseki for a Central Rook position by White played against a Static Rook position played by Black that captures White's side pawn on 34. (Cf. the Double Static Rook Side Pawn Capture opening.)

It was seen up until the 1950s-1980s but is now no longer used by professional players as the judgment of the position then appeared to strongly favor Black.

An example of this opening occurred in the meijin match between Masao Tsukada (塚田正夫) and Yoshio Kimura (木村義雄) on June 6, 1947.

Central Rook
In shogi, Central Rook (中飛車 nakabisha) is a subclass of Ranging Rook openings in which the rook is positioned on the fifth (central) file.

However, since the central file can be thought of as the dividing line between Ranging Rook and Static Rook positions, it is also possible to find Static Rook positions using a rook that has been moved to the central file. These strategies are generally categorized as subclasses of the particular Static Rook opening. For example, Central Rook Yagura (矢倉中飛車) is a Yagura opening that uses a central rook.

The term 中飛車 without modification refers to Ranging Rook Central Rook strategies while Static Rook central rook strategies have another word modifying 中飛車.
Scott Adams Scoops
Scott Adams Scoops is a compilation of video games designed by Scott Adams and published by U.S. Gold for a variety of home computers: Pirate Adventure, Strange Odyssey, Voodoo Castle, and Buckaroo Banzai.

Voodoo Castle
Voodoo Castle  is a text adventure and is the fourth in the series of adventure games designed by Scott Adams. The game was written by his wife Alexis Adams and was published by Adventure International in 1979. It was available for the VIC-20, the Commodore 64, Apple II, and other contemporary computers.
Danny Barker
Daniel Moses Barker (January 13, 1909 – March 13, 1994) was an American jazz musician, vocalist, and author from New Orleans. He was a rhythm guitarist for Cab Calloway, Lucky Millinder and Benny Carter during the 1930s.

One of Barker's earliest teachers in New Orleans was fellow banjoist Emanuel Sayles, with whom he recorded. Throughout his career, he played with Jelly Roll Morton, Baby Dodds, James P. Johnson, Sidney Bechet, Mezz Mezzrow, and Red Allen. He also toured and recorded with his wife, singer Blue Lu Barker. From the 1960s, Barker's work with the Fairview Baptist Church Brass Band was pivotal in ensuring the longevity of jazz in New Orleans, producing generations of new talent, including Wynton and Branford Marsalis who played in the band as youths.

Lucky Millinder
Lucius Venable "Lucky" Millinder (August 8, 1910 – September 28, 1966) was an American swing and rhythm-and-blues bandleader. Although he could not read or write music, did not play an instrument and rarely sang, his showmanship and musical taste made his bands successful. His group was said to have been the greatest big band to play rhythm and blues, and gave work to a number of musicians who later became influential at the dawn of the rock and roll era. He was inducted into the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame in 1986.
Buphedrone
Buphedrone, also known as β-keto-N-methylphenylisobutylamine, is a stimulant of the phenethylamine and cathinone chemical classes that was first synthesized in 1928. It is a synthetic analogue of cathinone, a stimulant naturally occurring in the khat plant. Like many other synthetic cathinones (e.g. mephedrone), it is also found in so called "legal highs" (sometimes also called "bath salts"), a class of designer drugs used to bypass legal restrictions.

Cathinone
Cathinone (/ˈkæθɪnoʊn/; also known as β-ketoamphetamine) is a monoamine alkaloid found in the shrub Catha edulis (khat) and is chemically similar to ephedrine, cathine, methcathinone and other amphetamines. It is probably the main contributor to the stimulant effect of Catha edulis. Cathinone differs from many other amphetamines in that it has a ketone functional group. Other phenethylamines that share this structure include the stimulants methcathinone, MDPV, mephedrone and the antidepressant bupropion.
Monotropa hypopitys
Monotropa hypopitys, syn. Hypopitys monotropa, also known as yellow bird's nest in Britain and Ireland, pinesap and false beechdrops in Canada and the United States, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the Monotropoideae subfamily of the family Ericaceae. It is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere and is scarce within its range. M. hypopitys is a mycotrophic plant which means it obtains nutrients and fixed carbon by parasitizing the mycorrhizal networks of trees. It lacks chlorophyll and does not photosynthesize. The species name, M. hypopitys, is from Latinized Greek hypo-, "under", and pitys, "pine," referring to where it often grows.

Mycotroph
A mycotroph is a plant that gets all or part of its carbon, water, or nutrient supply through symbiotic association with fungi. The term can refer to plants that engage in either of two distinct symbioses with fungi:

Many mycotrophs have a mutualistic association with fungi in any of several forms of mycorrhiza. The majority of plant species are mycotrophic in this sense. Examples include Burmanniaceae.

Some mycotrophs are parasitic upon fungi in an association known as myco-heterotrophy.