hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hydrophis curtus
Hydrophis curtus, also known as Shaw's Sea Snake, short sea snake, but often includes Hydrophis hardwickii is a species of sea snake. Like most Hydrophiinae sea snakes, it is a viviparous, fully marine, and front fanged elapid that is highly venomous. It is collected for a variety of purposes including human and animal food, for medicinal purposes and for their skin.

Spine-bellied sea snake
The spine-bellied sea snake (Hydrophis hardwickii), also commonly known as Hardwicke's sea snake and Hardwicke's spine-bellied sea snake, is a species of venomous sea snake in the family Elapidae. The species is native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.
Jack Doran
John Francis Doran MM (3 January 1896 – 7 January 1940) was a professional footballer who played three times for the Ireland national team. In club football, he scored 46 goals from 90 appearances in the Football League playing for Brighton & Hove Albion, Manchester City and Crewe Alexandra. He also played in the Southern League for Pontypridd, Coventry City, Norwich City, Brighton & Hove Albion (before their admission to the Football League) and Mid Rhondda United, in the Free State League for Shelbourne and Fordsons, and in the Midland League for Boston Town.

Military Medal
The Military Medal (MM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other arms of the armed forces, and to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land. The award was established in 1916, with retrospective application to 1914, and was awarded to other ranks for "acts of gallantry and devotion to duty under fire". The award was discontinued in 1993, when it was replaced by the Military Cross, which was extended to all ranks, while other Commonwealth nations instituted their own award systems in the post war period.
Cheuksin
Cheuksin (Korean: 측신; Hanja: 廁神) is the toilet goddess of Korean mythology. Unlike better-known household deities such as Jowangshin, god of the hearth, her worship forms a minor part of the Gasin cult.

She is believed to reside in the outhouse.: 147

Jowangsin
Jowangshin (in Hangul, 조왕신, in hanja, 竈王神) is the goddess of fire and the hearth in Korean shamanism. As the goddess of the hearth, the rituals dedicated to her were generally kept alive by housewives. She is no longer the subject of worship, but still remains one of the most famous Korean deities.
Big Survey Wildlife Management Area
Big Survey Wildlife Management Area is a 7,500-acre (30 km2) Wildlife Management Area in Wythe County, Virginia.  The preserve's woodland sits on four mountain ridges and divides the watersheds of Reed and Cripple creeks in the New River Valley.  Among the trees and shrubs to be found there are rhododendron, azalea, oak, hickory, and pine.

Big Survey Wildlife Management Area is owned and maintained by the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries. The area is open to the public for hunting, hiking, horseback riding, and camping. Access for persons 17 years of age or older requires a valid hunting permit, fishing permit, or WMA access permit.

Virginia Wildlife Management Areas
Virginia wildlife management areas (WMAs) are state-managed protected areas that exist primarily for the benefit of wildlife. Within the Commonwealth of Virginia, 46 tracts of land have been protected as WMAs, covering a total of over 216,000 acres (338 sq mi; 870 km2). They are managed and maintained by the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources.
Huilongguan
Huilongguan (回龙观) is a residential area in Changping District, northern Beijing. Originally, a satellite town, Huilongguan has grown to become part of the extended Beijing metropolis inside the 6th Ring Road. As of 2025, the area is under the administration of Longzeyuan, Huilongguan, Huoying and Shigezhuang Subdistricts of Changping District, Beijing.

Huilongguan Subdistrict
Huilongguan Subdistrict (simplified Chinese: 回龙观街道; traditional Chinese: 回龍觀街道; pinyin: Huílóngguàn Jiēdào) is a subdistrict situated within the 6th Ring Road and Changping District, Beijing, China. It borders Shigezhuang, Longzeyuan and Huoying Subdistricts in its north, Xisanqi Subdistrict in its east and south, Dongsheng Town and Qinghe Subdistrict in its south, and Xibeiwang Town in its west. Its total population was 166,074 in the 2020 census.

Huilongguan Village used to host a Taoist temple named Xuanfu Palace, which was constructed under the mandate of Hongzhi Emperor in 1504. After its completion in 1516, the temple served as a stopping point for Ming emperors on their way to hold memorial services for their ancestors. Since Chinese emperors were often referred to as Chinese dragons, the temple and the village surrounding it later earned the name of Huilongguan (Chinese: 回龙观; lit. 'Returning Dragon Temple').
2021 Palawan division plebiscite
The Palawan division plebiscite was a plebiscite held in the province of Palawan, Philippines on March 13, 2021. As required by Republic Act No. 11259, the plebiscite was conducted to consent the residents of Palawan on the proposal to divide the province into three separate provinces: Palawan del Norte, Palawan del Sur, and Palawan Oriental.

It was originally scheduled to take place on May 11, 2020, but was postponed indefinitely due to quarantine measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. It was eventually held on March 13, 2021. The voters rejected the proposal according to the final tally that was published on March 16.

COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines
COVID-19 community quarantines in the Philippines were a series of stay-at-home orders and cordon sanitaire measures that were implemented by the government of the Philippines through its Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF-EID).

As of November 2021, under the original classification system that was enacted in 2020, there were four main quarantine tiers. In Metro Manila there is now an alert level system (ALS) which has been introduced in September 2021 and it is already in place. As of November 2021, all regions of the country have been covered by the ALS system, which has become the national standard.

In the original classification system, the strictest community quarantines is the "enhanced community quarantine" (ECQ), which effectively is a total lockdown. According to the ALS, there are five tiers of alert level, with alert level 1 being the most lenient and alert level 5 being the most strict.
Teddy Williams (tennis)
Edward Lake Williams (1 July 1866 – 11 November 1911) was a British tennis player active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a finalist in the men's doubles at the 1884 Wimbledon Championships partnering Ernest Wool Lewis where they lost to William Renshaw and Ernest Renshaw. In singles he was quarter finalist at the Northern Championships, and semi-finalist at the Princes Club Championships in 1883. From 1881 until 1908 he contested 13 career finals and won 6 titles in singles.

Ernest Renshaw
Ernest James Renshaw (3 January 1861 – 2 September 1899) was a British tennis player who was active in the late 19th century.

Together with his twin brother William Renshaw, Ernest won the men's doubles at Wimbledon five times. He also won the singles championship at Wimbledon once, in 1888 and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1983. He won the singles title at the Irish Championships on four occasions (1883, 1887, 1888, 1892). Ernest was the older of the brothers by 15 minutes and half an inch taller.

The boom in popularity of the game during the 1880s due to the modern tennis style of the Renshaw brothers became known as the 'Renshaw Rush'.
Theos Kyrios
Theos Kyrios (Greek: Θεὸς Κύριος, "God is the Lord", or "The Lord is God") is a psalm response chanted near the beginning of the Matins service in the Rite of Constantinople, observed by the Eastern Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic churches.  It is based principally on Psalm 117 (Septuagint numbering). The refrain is composed of verses v. 27a and 26a.

Theos Kyrios comes after the Great Ektenia (litany) and precedes the apolytikion (troparion of the day), and is chanted in the tone of the week. While the Typicon (book of rubrics) prescribes that the verses should be chanted by the canonarch standing in the center of the nave, in the Byzantine practice the verses are intoned by the psalmist. In common Slavic practice they are chanted by the deacon standing before the icon of Christ on the iconostasis; if there is no deacon, the verses are commonly read by the priest.

Octoechos
Oktōēchos (here transcribed "Octoechos"; Greek: ὁ Ὀκτώηχος Ancient Greek pronunciation: [okˈtóixos]; from ὀκτώ "eight" and ἦχος "sound, mode" called echos; Slavonic: Осмогласие, Osmoglasie from о́смь "eight" and гласъ, Glagolitic: ⰳⰾⰰⱄⱏ, "voice, sound") is the eight-mode system used for the composition of religious chant in Byzantine, Syriac, Armenian, Georgian, Latin and Slavic churches since the Middle Ages. In a modified form the octoechos is still regarded as the foundation of the tradition of monodic chant in the Byzantine Rite today.
Non-virtual interface pattern
The non-virtual interface pattern (NVI) controls how methods in a base class are overridden. Such methods may be called by clients and overridable methods with core functionality. It is a pattern that is strongly related to the template method pattern. The NVI pattern recognizes the benefits of a non-abstract method invoking the subordinate abstract methods. This level of indirection allows for pre and post operations relative to the abstract operations both immediately and with future unforeseen changes. The NVI pattern can be deployed with very little software production and runtime cost. Many commercial software frameworks employ the NVI pattern.

Template method pattern
In object-oriented programming, the template method is one of the behavioral design patterns identified by Gamma et al. in the book Design Patterns.  The template method is a method in a superclass, usually an abstract superclass, and defines the skeleton of an operation in terms of a number of high-level steps.  These steps are themselves implemented by additional helper methods in the same class as the template method.

The helper methods may be either abstract methods, in which case subclasses are required to provide concrete implementations, or hook methods, which have empty bodies in the superclass. Subclasses can (but are not required to) customize the operation by overriding the hook methods.  The intent of the template method is to define the overall structure of the operation, while allowing subclasses to refine, or redefine, certain steps.
Jakob Johnson
Jakob Elijah Johnson (German pronunciation: [ˈjaːkɔp] YAH-kop; né Weinmann; born 15 December 1994) is a German-American professional football fullback. He played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers and signed with the New England Patriots in 2019 through the NFL's International Player Pathway Program. After three seasons in New England, Johnson played two seasons with the Las Vegas Raiders.

International Player Pathway
International Player Pathway (IPP) is a program run by the National Football League (NFL) to increase the number of players from outside the United States or Canada in the NFL. The program was formed as part of the NFL's strategy to grow globally as it provides athletes with the opportunity to play in the league. Its aim is to increase the pool of talent and ultimately drive global fan growth.
ZeroBrane Studio
ZeroBrane Studio is a lightweight open-source Lua IDE with code completion, syntax highlighting, code analyzer, live coding, and debugging support for Lua 5.1, Lua 5.2, Lua 5.3, Lua 5.4, LuaJIT, and other Lua engines.
ZeroBrane Studio is a cross-platform application written in Lua that runs on Windows (Windows XP+), Linux, and macOS (10.9+) operating systems. It uses the wxWidgets toolkit and the Scintilla component for file editing.

Lua
Lua (/ˈluːə/ LOO-ə; from Portuguese: lua [ˈlu(w)ɐ] meaning moon) is a lightweight, high-level, multi-paradigm programming language designed mainly for embedded use in applications. Lua is cross-platform software, since the interpreter of compiled bytecode is written in ANSI C, and Lua has a relatively simple C application programming interface (API) to embed it into applications.

Lua originated in 1993 as a language for extending software applications to meet the increasing demand for customization at the time. It provided the basic facilities of most procedural programming languages, but more complicated or domain-specific features were not included; rather, it included mechanisms for extending the language, allowing programmers to implement such features. As Lua was intended to be a general embeddable extension language, the designers of Lua focused on improving its speed, portability, extensibility and ease-of-use in development.
Chilean skua
The Chilean skua, also known as the cinnamon skua (Stercorarius chilensis), is a large predatory seabird, which breeds in Argentina and Chile, but ranges as far north as Brazil and Peru when not breeding. A relatively distinctive skua, it has a dark cap that contrasts with its cinnamon throat and lower face. Hybrids with the Falkland skua are known from southern Argentina.

Chilean skuas feed on fish and other seabirds, as well as scraps, and carrion. They breed in colonies during the Southern Hemisphere summer.

Overall, little is known about this South American species and what is known largely comes from descriptive studies scattered through time and concentrated at a few select breeding colonies.

Skua
The skuas (/ˈskjuːə/) are a group of predatory and kleptoparasitic seabirds with seven species forming the genus Stercorarius, the only genus in the family Stercorariidae. The three smaller skuas, the Arctic skua, the long-tailed skua, and the pomarine skua, are called jaegers in North American English.

The English word "skua" comes from the Faroese name for the great skua, skúgvur [ˈskɪkvʊɹ], with the island of Skúvoy renowned for its colony of that bird. The general Faroese term for skuas is kjógvi [ˈtʃɛkvɪ]. The word "jaeger" or Jäger is German for "hunter". The genus name Stercorarius is Latin and means "of dung"; the food disgorged by other birds when pursued by skuas was once thought to be excrement.

Skuas nest on the ground in temperate, Antarctic, and Arctic regions, and are long-distance migrants. They have even been sighted at the South Pole.
Timeline of violent events relating to the Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon (2014–present)
From its inception, the Syrian Civil War has produced and inspired a great deal of strife and unrest in the nation of Lebanon. Prior to the Battle of Arsal in August 2014, the Lebanese Army has tried to keep out of it and the violence has been mostly between various factions within the country and overt Syrian involvement has been limited to airstrikes and occasional accidental incursions. Since then, the  Lebanese armed forces have taken a major part in the frey within Lebanon, and there have been jihadist attempts at invasion which have been repulsed by both the Army and Hezbullah.

Battle of Arsal (2014)
The Battle of Arsal was a major combat engagement between Lebanese forces, and Salafi jihadist militants groups from Syria at the town of Arsal in the Baalbek-Hermel Governorate of Lebanon. It involved soldiers from the Lebanese Armed Forces, Hezbollah fighters, and militants affiliated with the Al-Nusra Front and Islamic State. The Syrian Air Force also had limited involvement during the battle.
Cacography
Cacography is bad spelling or bad handwriting. The term in the sense of "poor spelling, accentuation, and punctuation" is a semantic antonym to orthography, and in the sense of "poor handwriting" it is an etymological antonym to the word calligraphy: cacography is from Greek κακός (kakos "bad") and γραφή (graphe "writing").

Cacography is also deliberate comic misspelling, a type of humour similar to malapropism.

A common usage of cacography is to caricature illiterate speakers, as with eye dialect spelling. Others include the use to indicate that something was written by a child, to indirectly voice a cute or funny animal in a meme such as the captioned photo of a British shorthair that was the namesake of I Can Has Cheezburger?, or because the misspelling bears a humorous resemblance to a completely unrelated word.

Eye dialect
Eye dialect is a writer's use of deliberately nonstandard spelling either because they do not consider the standard spelling a good reflection of the pronunciation or because they are intending to portray informal or low-status language usage. The term was coined by George Philip Krapp to refer to a literary technique that implies the standard pronunciation of a given word that is not well-reflected by its standard spelling, such as wimmin to represent more accurately the typical English pronunciation of women. However, eye dialect is also commonly used to indicate that a character's speech is vernacular (nonstandard), casual, foreign, or uneducated, often to be humorous. This form of nonstandard spelling differs from others in that a difference in spelling does not indicate a difference in pronunciation of a word.  That is, it is a "dialect to the eye", rather than "to the ear".
Ameroglossum
Ameroglossum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Scrophulariaceae. It includes nine species native to northeastern Brazil, where they grow in moist forest enclaves on the region's mountains and plateaus.

Ameroglossum pernambucense is endemic to the Borborema Plateau in Pernambuco, and Ameroglossum manoel-felixii is found in Paraíba. The species are threatened by drought, fires, quarrying, trampling and cattle pasturing.

Ameroglossum pernambucense
Ameroglossum pernambucense is a species of flowering plant endemic to the Borborema Plateau in Pernambuco in north-eastern Brazil. It is only found on granitic rocky outcrops in moist forest enclaves from 723 to 1,215 metres elevation. The species is threatened by drought, fires, quarrying, trampling and cattle pasturing.
Wealthsimple
Wealthsimple Inc. is a Canadian online investment management service. The firm was founded in September 2014 by Michael Katchen, Brett Huneycutt, and Rudy Adler and is based in Toronto. As of October 22, 2025, the firm holds over C$100 billion in assets under management. It is primarily owned by Power Corporation indirectly at 55.1% through investments made through their holdings in Power Financial, IGM Financial and Portag3.

Power Financial
Power Financial Corporation is a Canadian multinational company that was founded in 1984. Power Financial, a wholly owned subsidiary of Power Corporation of Canada, is an international management and holding company with interests in financial services and asset management businesses in Canada, the United States and Europe. It also has significant holdings in a portfolio of global companies based in Europe.

Power Financial, together with IGM financial and Great-West Lifeco, are anchor investors in funds managed by an affiliate, Portag3 Ventures, which operates investment funds dedicated to backing financial services companies. To date, Portag3 Ventures has invested in more than 45 fintech companies and investment funds. Portag3, Power Financial and IGM Financial also hold interests in Wealthsimple, one of Canada’s leading financial technology companies, operating one of the country's largest and fastest-growing digital investing service.
741st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron
The 741st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 31st Air Division, Aerospace Defense Command, stationed at Lackland Air Force Base, Texas. It was inactivated on 31 December 1969.

The unit was a General Surveillance Radar squadron providing for the air defense of the United States.

Lineage

Activated as 741st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron, 1 February 1953

Inactivated on 1 December 1969

Assignments

33d Air Division, 1 February 1953

Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector, 1 January 1960

4752d Air Defense Wing, 1 September 1961

Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector, 25 June 1963

31st Air Division, 1 April 1966 – 31 December 1969

Stations

Lackland AFB, Texas, 1 February 1953 – 1 December 1969

Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector
The Oklahoma City Air Defense Sector (OCADS) is an inactive United States Air Force organization.  Its last assignment was with the Air Defense Command's 29th Air Division at Oklahoma City Air Force Station, Oklahoma.
Karanam
Karanam or Karnam was an office and title native to the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Traditionally, Karanam was an official who maintained the accounts and records of the villages and collected the taxes. Karanam was one of the two village-level administrative posts that existed in Andhra along with 'Munasabu' (Munsiff). The Karanam kept an elaborate system of village accounts.

The position of Karanam was traditionally held by Niyogi Brahmins. In the Godavari districts, Kapus held the position as well, while in other regions, it was sometimes occupied by Golkonda Vyapari Brahmins, Deshastha Brahmins, and Karans.  The title "Karanam" is comparable to "Kulkarni" in North Karnataka and Maharashtra and "Shanbhaug" in Karnataka.

In 1985, the Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, N. T. Rama Rao, abolished the hereditary Karanam system and replaced it with the Village Revenue Officer (VRO) post.

Kulkarni
Kulkarni  is a surname. The name "Kulkarni" is a combination of two words (kula and karni). Kula means "family", and Karanika means "archivist". Historically, Kulkarni was the title given to the village record keeper.

As per the historian P.J. Marshall, both Kulkarni and Deshpande were specialized scribes who "served great households and enhanced other, familiar, administrative mechanisms at their disposal".
Laurens Reael
Laurens Reael (22 October 1583 – 21 October 1637) was an employee of the Dutch East India Company, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1616 to 1619, and an admiral of the Dutch Republican Navy from 1625 to 1627.

Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies
The governor-general of the Dutch East Indies (Dutch: Gouverneur-generaal van Nederlands Indië, Indonesian: Gubernur Jenderal Hindia Belanda) represented Dutch rule in the Dutch East Indies between 1610 and Dutch recognition of the independence of Indonesia in 1949.
East Boldon Metro station
East Boldon is a Tyne and Wear Metro station, serving the villages of Cleadon and East Boldon, in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England. It joined the network on 31 March 2002, following the opening of the extension from Pelaw to South Hylton.

South Hylton Metro station
South Hylton is a Tyne and Wear Metro station, serving the suburbs of Pennywell and South Hylton, City of Sunderland in Tyne and Wear, North East England. It joined the network as a terminus station on 31 March 2002, following the opening of the extension from Pelaw to South Hylton.