hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Ingram (revolutionary)
John Ingram (sometimes spelled Isgrum, fl. 1644-1677) was a settler in colonial Virginia who lived in the settlement of Jamestown and became a member of Nathaniel Bacon's Rebellion. He took the lead of the rebellion after Sir Nathaniel Bacon died from dysentery. The members of the rebellion consisted of 300-500 mostly indentured servants, but included a number of Black slaves. They had been upset at the treaty of 1646, which ended the Third Anglo-Powhatan War. The rebellion occurred throughout 1676, and resulted in Bacon's forces burning much of Jamestown to the ground.

Anglo-Powhatan Wars
The Anglo–Powhatan Wars were three wars fought between settlers of the Colony of Virginia and the Powhatan People of Tsenacommacah in the early 17th century. The first war started in 1609 and ended in a peace settlement in 1614. The second war lasted from 1622 to 1632. The third war lasted from 1644 until 1646 and ended when Opechancanough was captured and killed. That war resulted in a defined boundary between the Native Americans and colonial lands that could only be crossed for official business with a special pass. This situation lasted until 1677 and the Treaty of Middle Plantation which established Indian reservations following Bacon's Rebellion.
1896–97 Southampton St. Mary's F.C. season
The 1896–97 season was the twelfth since the foundation of Southampton St. Mary's F.C. and their third in league football, as members of the Southern League. The season was the most successful yet, with St. Mary's claiming the Southern League title for the first time and reaching the Second Round Proper of the FA Cup. It was the start of the most successful period in the club's history — in a period of eight years, they were Southern League champions six times and reached the final of the FA Cup twice.

Joe Turner (footballer, born 1872)
Joseph Turner (March 1872 – 20 November 1950) was a professional footballer who played in the 1902 FA Cup final for Southampton. Southampton were a Southern League club at the time, and their feat was all the more remarkable in that they had already been losing finalists two years earlier. Turner missed the 1900 final and had also previously missed a crucial penalty when Southampton lost a semi final to Nottingham Forest in 1898.
Transfer of panel paintings
The practice of conserving an unstable painting on panel by transferring it from its original decayed, worm-eaten, cracked, or distorted wood support to canvas or a new panel has been practised since the 18th century. It has now been largely superseded by improved methods of wood conservation.

The practice evolved in Naples and Cremona in 1711–1725 and reached France by the middle of the 18th century. It was especially widely practiced in the second half of the 19th century. Similar techniques are used to transfer frescos. Oil paintings on canvas often receive additional support or are transferred to a new backing.

Lining of paintings
The lining of paintings  is a process of conservation science and art restoration used to strengthen,  flatten or consolidate  oil or tempera paintings on canvas by attaching a new support to the back of the existing one. The process is sometimes referred to as relining.  Most often a new support will be added directly to the back of an existing canvas.  In cases of extreme decay, however, the original canvas may be completely removed and replaced.  The height of the practice's use peaked in the late 19th century and in the following years its usefulness has been debated.  There are many different factors that influence whether lining a painting will be successful.  By paying close attention to an artwork's condition and response to treatment, conservation professionals better understand the lining process and when to apply it.
Television news screen layout
A television news screen layout or television news screen interface refers to the layout image displayed during a television news program broadcast. The layouts used differ between television stations and countries, and information displayed may include things such as main news topics and headlines within the lower third, channel logos, a news ticker, a time clock, and in some cases weather and information in the economic and financial fields.

Different layouts may be used within news broadcasting to achieve varying effects, and designs are often formulated by broadcast designers with the intention of being informative and visually appealing. The main purpose of television news screen layouts is to present to viewers a concentrated level of information within the shortest amount of time possible, whilst maintaining a reasonably adequate balance so that excessive detail does not confuse the viewer.

News broadcasting
News broadcasting is the medium of broadcasting various news events and other information via television, radio, or the internet in the field of broadcast journalism. The content is usually either produced locally in a radio studio or television studio newsroom, or by a broadcast network. A news broadcast may include material such as sports coverage, weather forecasts, traffic reports, political commentary, expert opinions, editorial content, and other material that the broadcaster feels is relevant to their audience. An individual news program is typically reported in a series of individual stories that are presented by one or more anchors. A frequent inclusion is live or recorded interviews by field reporters.
Conservator-restorer
A conservator-restorer is a professional responsible for the preservation of artistic and cultural artifacts, also known as cultural heritage. Conservators possess the expertise to preserve cultural heritage in a way that retains the integrity of the object, building or site, including its historical significance, context and aesthetic or visual aspects. This kind of preservation is done by analyzing and assessing the condition of cultural property, understanding processes and evidence of deterioration, planning collections care or site management strategies that prevent damage, carrying out conservation treatments, and conducting research. A conservator's job is to ensure that the objects in a museum's collection are kept in the best possible condition, as well as to serve the museum's mission to bring art before the public.

Conservation and restoration of cultural property
The conservation and restoration of cultural property focuses on protection and care of cultural property (tangible cultural heritage), including artworks, architecture, archaeology, and museum collections. Conservation activities include preventive conservation, examination, documentation, research, treatment, and education. This field is closely allied with conservation science, curators and registrars.
Recreational vehicle terms
The term recreational vehicle (RV) is often used as a broad category of motor vehicles and trailers which include living quarters for designed temporary accommodation. Types of RVs include motorhomes, campervans, caravans (also known as travel trailers and camper trailers), fifth-wheel trailers, popup campers, truck campers and Park Model RVs.

A large number of terms are used when describing aspects of recreational vehicle usage. Some of these are self-explanatory while others may be unfamiliar to many readers. Some terms, arranged alphabetically, are shown below.

Recreational vehicle
A recreational vehicle, often abbreviated as RV, is a motor vehicle or trailer that includes living quarters designed for accommodation. Types of RVs include motorhomes, campervans, coaches, caravans (also known as travel trailers and campers), fifth-wheel trailers, popup campers, and truck campers.

Typical amenities of an RV include a kitchen, a bathroom, and one or more beds. RVs can range from utilitarian – containing only sleeping quarters and basic cooking facilities – to luxurious, with features like air conditioning (AC), water heaters, televisions and satellite receivers, and quartz countertops.
Ted Dunn
Edward Thomas Dunn (January 15, 1920 – April 22, 2016) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Springfield College in Springfield, Massachusetts from 1958 to 1975, compiling a record of 69–91–4. He led Springfield to a perfect 9–0 season in 1965.

1965 Springfield Maroons football team
The 1965 Springfield Maroons football team was an American football team that represented Springfield College in Springfield, Massachusetts, as an independent during the 1965 NCAA College Division football season. In their eighth season under head coach Ted Dunn, the Maroons compiled a 9–0 record and outscored opponents by a total of 242 to 87. It was Springfield's first perfect season since 1893 when the team played only two games.

Key players included halfback Hal Vasvari, quarterback Dave Bennett, linebacker Dave Hughes, end George Wolfort, and placekicker Vince Cutrona.

The team played its home games at Pratt Field in Springfield.
Andy Bershak
Andrew A. Bershak (November 8, 1915 – November 19, 1943) was an American football player. He played college football at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and was a consensus selection at the end position on the 1937 College Football All-America Team. He was selected in the fifth round of the 1938 NFL draft by the Detroit Lions with the 36th overall pick. Bershak also played basketball at North Carolina and led both the basketball and football teams to Southern Conference championships.

Bershak later served as an assistant football coach and scout for North Carolina. He died in 1943 in Clairton, Pennsylvania.

1937 All-America college football team
The 1937 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose All-America college football teams in 1937. The ten selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1937 season are (1) Collier's Weekly, as selected by Grantland Rice, (2) the Associated Press (AP), (3) the United Press (UP), (4) the All-America Board (AAB), (5) the International News Service (INS), (6) Liberty magazine, (7) the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), (8) Newsweek, (9) the North American Newspaper Alliance (NANA), and (10) the Sporting News (SN).
1933 Tennessee Volunteers football team
The 1933 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 1933 college football season.  Robert Neyland served his eighth year as head coach of the Volunteers.  This was the first year that the Vols played in the newly formed Southeastern Conference.

On October 21, Tennessee suffered a 12–6 defeat at Shields–Watkins Field to Alabama, snapping a 55-game winning streak at home that dated back to a win over Emory and Henry on October 3, 1925.  This was also Tennessee's first homecoming loss.  A week earlier, the Volunteers lost to Duke in Durham, North Carolina, 10–2.  It was Tennessee's first defeat since a loss on October 18, 1930, to Alabama.  Between those two losses, Tennessee, compiled a record of 26–0–2.

1933 Duke Blue Devils football team
The 1933 Duke Blue Devils football team represented the Duke Blue Devils of Duke University during the 1933 college football season. Hall of Famer Fred Crawford was a consensus All-American this year; the first from North Carolina.

Duke upset Robert Neyland's Tennessee Volunteers 10 to 2. It was Tennessee's first loss in over two and a half seasons. It caused Neyland to say of Crawford: "He gave the finest exhibition of tackle play I have ever seen."

This was also the first season in which Duke played longtime rival Georgia Tech, the teams would go on to meet on the football field every year uninterrupted until 2023.
Walter S. Horton
Walter Shurts Horton (December 3, 1857 – March 13, 1944) was an American football player and lawyer.  A native of Delavan, Illinois, Horton attended Princeton University and graduated in 1879.  He subsequently studied law at the University of Michigan, graduating from the Department of Law in 1882.  While attending Michigan, Horton played college football.  He played at the halfback position for the 1880 team and was the team captain and quarterback for the 1881 Michigan Wolverines football team.  He was a prominent attorney in Illinois for some 50 years.  He was a delegate from Illinois to the 1908 Republican National Convention.  From 1909 to 1928, he was the general counsel in Chicago for the Illinois Central Railroad.  He died in March 1944 at age 86 in Peoria, Illinois.

1881 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1881 Michigan Wolverines football team represented the University of Michigan in the 1881 college football season. While the University of Michigan had fielded "football" teams in 1879 and 1880, those teams played a game that was more in line with traditional rugby, and many consider the 1881 team to be the first at Michigan to play American football. The team finished with a record of 0–3 after playing the top teams in the country – Harvard, Yale and Princeton.
VHS protein domain
In molecular biology, the VHS protein domain is approximately 140 residues long. Its name is an acronym derived from its occurrence in VPS-27, Hrs and STAM. It is a domain commonly found in the N-terminus of many proteins.

Protein domain
In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded three-dimensional structure. Many proteins consist of several domains, and a domain may appear in a variety of different proteins. Molecular evolution uses domains as building blocks and these may be recombined in different arrangements to create proteins with different functions. In general, domains vary in length from between about 50 amino acids up to 250 amino acids in length. The shortest domains, such as zinc fingers, are stabilized by metal ions or disulfide bridges. Domains often form functional units, such as the calcium-binding EF hand domain of calmodulin. Because they are independently stable, domains can be "swapped" by genetic engineering between one protein and another to make chimeric proteins.
Mujahideen Brigades
Mujahideen Brigades (Arabic: كتائب المجاهدين, romanized: Kataeb al-Mujahideen) is an armed wing of the Palestinian Mujahideen Movement (Arabic: حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية, romanized: Harakat al-Mujāhidīn al-Filastīnīa). The brigades operate in the Occupied Palestinian territories of the Gaza Strip and The West Bank, including Jenin.

The Mujahideen Brigades operate independently of Hamas but collaborates closely with militants from Palestinian Islamic Jihad's armed wing, Saraya Al Quds.

Al-Quds Brigades
Al-Quds Brigades (Arabic: سرايا القدس, romanized: Sarāyā al-Quds, lit. ''Jerusalem Companies'') is a paramilitary organization and the armed wing of the Islamist Palestinian organization Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), which is the second largest armed group in the Gaza Strip after Hamas. The Al-Quds Brigades (AQB) leader is Ziyad al-Nakhalah, based in Damascus, Syria. Before he was killed in 2019, the head of AQB in the Gaza Strip was Baha Abu al-Ata.

AQB's parent organization, PIJ, is devoted to the establishment of an Islamic state and the settlement of Palestinians in what it considers their rightful homeland (i.e., within the geographic borders of the pre-1948 Mandatory Palestine). It refuses to participate in political processes or negotiations about a swap of Israeli and Palestinian settlements. The PIJ is funded mostly by Iran, having previously received funding from Ba'athist Syria as well, before the fall of the Assad regime in 2024.
1900–01 WPHL season
The 1900–01 WPHL season was the fourth season of operation for the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League. Four Pittsburgh-area teams competed in the season, in which all games were played at the Duquesne Garden. The hockey team of the Keystone Bicycle Club was admitted to the league, replacing Western University (today known as the University of Pittsburgh). It was final season of the Duquesne Country & Athletic Club's team.

The Pittsburgh Athletic Club repeated as the league champion to win their third consecutive and final league title.

Pittsburgh Athletic Club
The Pittsburgh Athletic Club (PAC) was one of the earliest professional ice hockey teams. It was based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from around 1895 until 1905 and again from 1907 to 1909.

The team was a member of the Western Pennsylvania Hockey League, which was formed in 1896.
59Fifty
The 5950 is a model of baseball hat made by the New Era Cap Company, a headwear company based in Buffalo, New York. The 59Fifty is the official on-field cap of Major League Baseball (MLB) and Minor League Baseball, and the official sideline cap of the National Football League and the National Basketball Association. It is also a fashion symbol, with the hip-hop community the first to adopt it in the 1980s and 1990s.

Baseball cap
A baseball cap is a type of soft hat with a rounded crown and a stiff bill projecting in front.

The front of the hat typically displays a design or a logo (historically, usually only a sports team, namely a baseball team, or names of relevant companies, when used as a commercial marketing technique). The hat may be "fitted" to the wearer's head or the back may have elastic, a plastic prong-in-a-hole (multiple holes with one prong that can be inserted), Velcro, a zipper, or a tri-glide slide so that it can be quickly adjusted to fit different wearers' heads. The baseball hat is a part of the traditional baseball uniform worn by players, with the brim pointing forward to shield the eyes from the sun. Since the 1980s, varieties of the hat have become prevalent in the United States and many other nations, both for utilitarian (protecting the eyes from the sun) and fashion accessory purposes.
1996 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team
The 1996 Texas Tech Red Raiders football team represented Texas Tech University as a member of the newly formed Big 12 Conference during the 1996 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their tenth season under head coach Spike Dykes, the Red Raiders compiled a 7–5 record (5–3 against Big 12 opponents), finished in second place in Southern Division of the Big 12, outscored opponents by a combined total of 323 to 232, and lost to Iowa in the 1996 Alamo Bowl. The team played its home games at Clifford B. and Audrey Jones Stadium in Lubbock, Texas.

1996 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 1996 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 1996 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by 18th-year head coach Hayden Fry, the Hawkeyes compiled an overall record of 9–3 with a mark of 6–2 in conference play, tying for third place in the Big Ten. Iowa was invited to the Alamo Bowl, where the Hawkeyes defeated Texas Tech. The team played home games at Kinnick Stadium in Iowa City, Iowa.
1949 Plymouth
The 1949 Plymouth was a range of full-size cars in the lower price segment, produced under the American brands Plymouth, Dodge, and DeSoto by the Chrysler Corporation from 1949 to 1952. For the U.S. market, the range included the Plymouth De Luxe and Special De Luxe models, and from 1951, the Plymouth Concord, Cambridge, and Cranbrook. For export, these cars were produced under the Dodge and DeSoto brands. Over 2.1 million units were manufactured under the Plymouth brand.

Plymouth Cambridge
The  Plymouth Cambridge is a full-size automobile, produced by Plymouth from 1951 until 1953. It was Plymouth's base-range base model in its 1951 and 1952 lineups, along with the shorter wheelbase Concord and the sole base model for 1953. It came with new features such as electric windshield wipers and downdraft carburetors when it was introduced. It also had "Safe-guard" brakes, that had two hydraulic cylinders per front wheel instead of just one It replaced the Deluxe, and was replaced by the Plaza for 1954.
NWA World Brass Knuckles Championship
The NWA World Brass Knuckles Championship was a short-lived title promoted by National Wrestling Alliance NWA Mid-America territory from 1978 until 1981. The championship was used in specialty matches in which the combatants would wear brass knuckles. There were other such championships used in a number of NWA territories throughout the United States of America, including versions in the Florida territory, Amarillo, New England, the Mid-Atlantic region and in NWA Tri-State. Because the championship was a professional wrestling championship, it was not won or lost competitively but instead by the decision of the bookers of a wrestling promotion. The championship was awarded after the chosen wrestler "won" a match to maintain the illusion that professional wrestling is a competitive sport.

NWA Brass Knuckles Championship (Tri-State version)
The Tri-State version of the NWA Brass Knuckles Championship was a secondary championship that was defended sporadically and periodically in the NWA Tri-State promotion. Created in 1970, the title was used in specialty matches in which the combatants would wear brass knuckles. Throughout the history of the championship, it was activated for brief periods of time to spark interest in crowds. Usually, the novelty of the  brass knuckles matches wore off and promoter Leroy McGuirk would abandon the title for a period of time and then begin using it again. This took place off and on until the Tri-State promotion closed in early 1982. There were other brass knuckles championships used in the NWA, such as in Texas and Florida, where the titles were more prominent and defended on a regular basis.
Fire retardant
A fire retardant is a substance that is used to slow down or stop the spread of fire or reduce its intensity.  This is commonly accomplished by chemical reactions that reduce the flammability of fuels or delay their combustion. Fire retardants may also cool the fuel through physical action or endothermic chemical reactions. Fire retardants are available as powder, to be mixed with water, as fire-fighting foams and fire-retardant gels.

Fire retardants are commonly used in fire fighting, where they may be applied aerially or from the ground.

Aerial firefighting
Aerial firefighting, also known as waterbombing, is the use of aircraft and other aerial resources to combat wildfires. The types of aircraft used include fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters. Smokejumpers and rappellers are also classified as aerial firefighters, delivered to the fire by parachute from a variety of fixed-wing aircraft, or rappelling from helicopters. Chemicals used to fight fires may include water, water enhancers such as foams and gels, and specially formulated fire retardants such as Phos-Chek.
2011–12 QMJHL season
The 2011–12 QMJHL season was the 43rd season of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). The regular season, which consisted of 17 teams playing 68 games each, began in September 2011 and ended in March 2012. This season was Blainville-Boisbriand Armada's first season in the league, as the team relocated to Boisbriand from Verdun where they played as the Montreal Junior Hockey Club from 2008 to 2011. The league lost one of his charter teams when the Lewiston Maineiacs folded during after the previous season, the QMJHL later announce an expansion team to  Sherbrooke for the 2012–13 season. In the playoffs, the Saint John Sea Dogs became the seventh team in league history to capture consecutive President's Cup championships.

Mikhail Grigorenko
Mikhail Olegovich Grigorenko (Russian: Михаи́л Оле́гович Григоре́нко; born 16 May 1994, Khabarovsk, Khabarovsk Krai, Russia) is a Russian professional ice hockey forward for Traktor Chelyabinsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Born and raised in Russia, Grigorenko moved to North America in 2011 and joined the Quebec Remparts of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). After one season in Quebec, he was selected in the first round, 12th overall, in the 2012 NHL entry draft by the Buffalo Sabres. HC CSKA Moscow also selected Grigorenko in the first round, eighth overall, of the 2011 KHL Junior Draft. He has previously played in the NHL with the Sabres and the Colorado Avalanche.