hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HS Tabora
HS Tabora was a German hospital ship that was sunk on 26 March 1916 in the port of Dar es Salaam, German East Africa, by the Royal Navy battleship HMS Vengeance and protected cruisers HMS Challenger and HMS Hyacinth and the Royal Australian Navy protected cruiser HMAS Pioneer.

Protected cruiser
Protected cruisers, a type of cruiser of the late 19th century, took their name from the armored deck, which protected vital machine-spaces from fragments released by explosive shells. Protected cruisers notably lacked a belt of armour along the sides, in contrast to armored cruisers which carried both deck and belt armour.

Outside of a handful of very large designs in the major navies (which preceded the revival of armored cruisers), the majority of protected cruisers were of 'second-' or 'third-class' types, lighter in displacement and mounting fewer and/or lighter guns than armored cruisers.

By the early 20th-century, with the advent of increasingly lighter yet stronger armour, even smaller vessels could afford some level of both belt and deck armour. In the place of protected cruisers, these new 'light armored cruisers' would evolve into light cruisers and heavy cruisers, the former especially taking on many of the roles originally envisioned for protected cruisers.
Rahimabad, Gilgit-Baltistan
Rahimabad (Burushaski: رحیم آباد) is a hill station in Gilgit, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan.  It is known for its scenery and is situated along the Hunza River.

The village falls administratively under Tehsil Danyore in the Gilgit District.

Gilgit
Gilgit (/ˈɡɪlɡɪt/; Shina: گِلیٗت IPA: [ɡi˧.leː˨˦t̪]; Urdu: گِلْگِت IPA: [ˈɡɪlɡɪt̪]) is the capital and most-populous city in Pakistani-administered territory of Gilgit-Baltistan in the disputed Kashmir region. It is located in a broad valley near the confluence of the Gilgit and the Hunza rivers. Gilgit is a major tourist destination in Pakistan, serving as a hub for trekking and mountaineering expeditions in the Karakoram mountain range of northern Pakistan.

Gilgit was once a major centre for Buddhism; it was an important stop on the ancient Silk Road, and today serves as a major junction along the Karakoram Highway with road connections to China as well as the Pakistani cities of Skardu, Chitral, Peshawar, and Islamabad. The economic activity is mainly focused on agriculture, with wheat, maize, and barley as the main crops.
Higher Learning
Higher Learning is a 1995 American crime drama film written and directed by John Singleton and starring an ensemble cast. The film follows the changing lives of three incoming freshmen at the fictional Columbus University: Malik Williams (Omar Epps), a track star who struggles with academics; Kristen Connor (Kristy Swanson), a shy and naive girl; and Remy (Michael Rapaport), a lonely and confused man seemingly out of place in his new environment.

The film also featured Tyra Banks's first performance in a theatrical film. Laurence Fishburne won an NAACP Image Award for "Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture"; Ice Cube was also nominated for the award.
The exterior shots and outdoor scenes were shot on the campus of University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) while the interiors were shot at Sony Pictures Studios.

NAACP Image Awards
The NAACP Image Awards is an annual awards ceremony presented by the American-based National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to honor outstanding performances in film, television, theatre, music, and literature. Over 40 categories of the Image Awards are voted on by the NAACP members. Honorary awards (similar to the Academy Honorary Award) have also been included, such as the President's Award, the Chairman's Award, the Entertainer of the Year, the Activist of the Year, and the Hall of Fame Award. Beyoncé is the most awarded individual with 25 wins as a solo artist.
John Brebbia
John Fulboam Brebbia (born May 30, 1990) is an American professional baseball pitcher in the Colorado Rockies organization. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals, San Francisco Giants, Chicago White Sox, Atlanta Braves, and Detroit Tigers.

Brebbia played college baseball for Elon University. The New York Yankees selected Brebbia in the 30th round of the 2011 MLB draft. He made his MLB debut for the Cardinals in 2017, and pitched for them through 2019. He had Tommy John surgery in 2020. He played for the Giants from 2021 to 2023.

2011 Major League Baseball draft
The 2011 Major League Baseball draft was held from June 6 through June 8, 2011, from Studio 42 of the MLB Network in Secaucus, New Jersey. The Pittsburgh Pirates selected Gerrit Cole out of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), with the first overall pick.
2021 Big Machine Spiked Coolers Grand Prix
The 2021 Big Machine Spiked Coolers Grand Prix was an IndyCar motor race held on August 14, 2021 at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Road Course. It was the 12th round of the 2021 IndyCar Series. This was also the first meeting at the Speedway since the death of Bob Jenkins.  Indianapolis area resident and well-known motorsport broadcaster Jamie Little replaced Jenkins, sharing public address duties with Allen Bestwick.  Dave Calabro, who shares duties with Bestwick, does not work the Verizon 200 meeting.

The 85-lap race was won by Team Penske's Will Power, clinching his first win of the season. IndyCar rookie Romain Grosjean finished second, repeating his best ever finish at the time, which was achieved at the same circuit in the GMR Grand Prix. Colton Herta of Andretti Autosport rounded out the podium places with his third-placed finish.

Grand Prix of Indianapolis
Events in the NTT IndyCar Series have been held annually at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Road Course in Speedway, Indiana since 2014. Events are known as the IndyCar Grand Prix and the Grand Prix of Indianapolis.
2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Yobe State
The 2023 Nigerian Senate elections in Yobe State will be held on 25 February 2023, to elect the 3 federal Senators from Yobe State, one from each of the state's three senatorial districts. The elections will coincide with the 2023 presidential election, as well as other elections to the Senate and elections to the House of Representatives; with state elections being held two weeks later. Primaries were held between 4 April and 9 June 2022.

2023 Nigerian elections
The 2023 Nigerian elections were held in large part on 25 February and 11 March 2023. The president and vice president were elected on 25 February, with incumbent President Muhammadu Buhari ineligible to run, being term-limited. Additionally, there were also elections on the same day for the Senate and the House of Representatives. On 11 March, twenty-eight gubernatorial elections were held alongside elections to state houses of assembly in all 36 states. Three additional gubernatorial elections will be held later in the year alongside potential rerun elections for regularly scheduled elections annulled from earlier in the year.
Ruslan Fedotenko
Ruslan Viktorovych Fedotenko (born January 18, 1979) is a Ukrainian former professional ice hockey winger.

A two-time Stanley Cup champion, in his National Hockey League (NHL) career he played for the Philadelphia Flyers, Tampa Bay Lightning, New York Islanders, Pittsburgh Penguins and the New York Rangers. Internationally, Fedotenko has competed for Ukraine in the 2002 Winter Olympics.

Ukraine men's national ice hockey team
The Ukrainian national ice hockey team (Ukrainian: Збірна України з хокею з шайбою) is the national men's ice hockey team of Ukraine, and is controlled by the Ice Hockey Federation of Ukraine, and a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). Ukraine is currently ranked 27th in the world by the IIHF as of the 2020 IIHF World Ranking, while their highest IIHF ranking is 11th. As part of the Soviet Union, Ukraine played internationally from 1954 to 1991, and made their international debut as an independent country in 1992.

Ukraine has played at the Winter Olympics once, in 2002. The team's top finish was at the 2002 World Championships when they finished in ninth place. Following the 2007 World Championship, Ukraine was relegated to Division I.
Vatnjavárri
Vatnjavárri (Northern Sami) or Boltåsen (Norwegian) is a Sámi hamlet or small village in Tjeldsund Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The village is located about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southeast of the village of Evenskjer and about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north of the Harstad/Narvik Airport.

The hamlet was home to the Boltås skole (Northern Sami: Vaknjavári skuvla), a bilingual Sámi–Norwegian public primary school. The school closed in 2013 at which time it had 25 students in seven classes. Historically, this village was part of Skånland Municipality until 1 January 2020 when it became part of Tjeldsund Municipality.

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
Sean Clancy (fighter)
Sean Clancy (born 30 December 1988) is an Irish Muay thai fighter and the reigning WBC Muaythai Super Lightweight World Champion.

He is the former WBC Muaythai Super Lightweight International champion, the former Cage Muaythai Super Lightweight champion and ISKA Irish Welterweight champion. He was the 2019 WBC Muaythai "Male Fighter of the Year".

He is currently signed with ONE Championship and will compete in their Bantamweight Muaythai division.

ISKA (sports governing body)
The ISKA (originally International Sport Karate Association, later also called the International Sport Kickboxing Association) is  international bodies regulating sport karate and kickboxing matches.
It is based in the United States. It was established in 1985 as a response to legal and revenue issues that sent the Professional Karate Association (PKA) into decline.
Antihomomorphism
In mathematics, an antihomomorphism is a type of function defined on sets with multiplication that reverses the order of multiplication.  An antiautomorphism is an invertible antihomomorphism, i.e. an antiisomorphism, from a set to itself. From bijectivity it follows that antiautomorphisms have inverses, and that the inverse of an antiautomorphism is also an antiautomorphism.

Commutative property
In mathematics, a binary operation is commutative if changing the order of the operands does not change the result. It is a fundamental property of many binary operations, and many mathematical proofs depend on it. Perhaps most familiar as a property of arithmetic, e.g. "3 + 4 = 4 + 3" or "2 × 5 = 5 × 2", the property can also be used in more advanced settings. The name is needed because there are operations, such as division and subtraction, that do not have it (for example, "3 − 5 ≠ 5 − 3"); such operations are not commutative, and so are referred to as noncommutative operations.

The idea that simple operations, such as the multiplication and addition of numbers, are commutative was for many centuries implicitly assumed. Thus, this property was not named until the 19th century, when new algebraic structures started to be studied.
Cuvette
In laboratories, a cuvette (French: cuvette, lit. 'little vessel') is a small tube-like container with straight sides and a circular or square cross-section. It is sealed at one end, and made of a clear, transparent material such as plastic, glass, or fused quartz. Cuvettes are designed to hold samples for spectroscopic measurement, where a beam of light is passed through the sample within the cuvette to measure the absorbance, transmittance, fluorescence intensity, fluorescence polarization, or fluorescence lifetime of the sample. This measurement is done with a spectrophotometer.

Fluorescence spectroscopy
Fluorescence spectroscopy (also known as fluorimetry or spectrofluorometry) is a type of electromagnetic spectroscopy that analyzes fluorescence from a sample. It involves using a beam of light, usually ultraviolet light, that excites the electrons in molecules of certain compounds and causes them to emit light; typically, but not necessarily, visible light. A complementary technique is absorption spectroscopy. In the special case of single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, intensity fluctuations from the emitted light are measured from either single fluorophores, or pairs of fluorophores.

Devices that measure fluorescence are called fluorometers.
Jack Kay Jr.
Jack Kay Jr. (born July 14, 1964) is a Canadian professional golfer. Kay had a sterling amateur career. He made the semifinals of the 1985 U.S. Amateur, defeating Scott Verplank in the quarterfinals, and led Canada to its first victory at the Eisenhower Trophy the following year. He had difficulties transitioning to the career of a touring professional, earning full-time status on the PGA Tour for only one season. He had a little more success overseas, winning the 1991 Singapore Open on the Asia Golf Circuit and the 1994 Alfred Dunhill Masters on the PGA Tour of Australasia.

1986 Eisenhower Trophy
The 1986 Eisenhower Trophy took place 22 to 25 October at the Lagunita Country Club in Caracas, Venezuela. It was the 15th World Amateur Team Championship for the Eisenhower Trophy. The tournament was a 72-hole stroke play team event with 39 four-man teams. The best three scores for each round counted towards the team total.

Canada won the Eisenhower Trophy for the first time, finishing three strokes ahead of the silver medalists, United States. Chinese Taipei took the bronze medal, a further eight strokes behind with Sweden finishing fourth. Eduardo Herrera, representing Colombia, had the lowest individual score, 5-under-par 275.
Popular Unity (Brazil)
Popular Unity (Portuguese: Unidade Popular, UP), also known as Popular Unity for Socialism (Portuguese: Unidade Popular pelo Socialismo, UPS), is a Brazilian political party founded on 16 June 2016, which had its right to launch candidacies recognized by the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) on 10 December 2019. As a socialist party, it is connected to homeless workers' movements and defends the nationalization of the banking system, social control of all monopolies, capitalist consortia, and the means of production at-large, as well as rural land reform and collectivization.

In the 2018 Brazilian general election, Popular Unity supported the Socialism and Liberty Party presidential bid of Guilherme Boulos and Sônia Guajajara. Its first National Congress was held in Belo Horizonte from 23 to 24 March 2019. Its slogan is "party of the poor, with the poor, and for the poor". On 10 December 2019, the TSE approved the party's registration and assigned the number 80 for pollings.

Land reform
Land reform (also known as agrarian reform) involves the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership, land use, and land transfers. The reforms may be initiated by governments, by interested groups, or by revolution.

Land reform is often considered a contentious process, as land is a key driver of a wide range of social, political and economic outcomes. The structure and distribution of land rights has been linked to state formation, economic growth, inequality, political violence, and identity politics, making land reform highly consequential for the long-term structures of society.
Hubert G. Phipps
Hubert G. Phipps (November 1, 1957 – June 18, 2023) was an American sculptor and painter who divided his time between Middleburg, Virginia and New York City. Known for his paint pigment drawings and abstract sculptures, Phipps experimented with various forms and materials, including steel, bronze, wood, composites, plaster, glass, and marble. He was also a race car driver and a member of the Phipps family.

Phipps’ work has been exhibited at the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center at Colorado College, the Ann Norton Sculpture Garden in West Palm Beach, the New York Studio School, the Center for Creative Education in West Palm Beach, the Fritz Gallery, MM Fine Arts Gallery in Southampton, New York, Coral Springs Museum of Art, Coral Springs, Florida, and Gallery 1608 in West Palm. His work has also been accepted into the permanent collections of the Coral Springs Museum of Art, the Harn Museum of Art in Gainesville, Florida, and the Tufts University Art Gallery.

Norton House (West Palm Beach, Florida)
The Norton House is a historic home located at 253 Barcelona Road in West Palm Beach, Florida.  On July 26, 1990, the house was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places, with a boundary increase in 2025 to include the sculpture gardens. It is also a contributing property to the El Cid Historic District.

The Ann Norton Sculpture Gardens consists of the Norton House and 1.7-acre (6,900 m2) property, and features over 100 sculptures by Ann Weaver Norton (1905–1982), the second wife and widow of Ralph Hubbard Norton (1875–1953).  The sculptures are displayed in the house, studio and gardens, which feature over 300 species of tropical palms.  Ralph Hubbard Norton was the founder of the Norton Museum of Art.
Slip (aerodynamics)
A slip is an aerodynamic state where an aircraft is moving somewhat sideways as well as forward relative to the oncoming airflow or relative wind. In other words, for a conventional aircraft, the nose will be pointing in the opposite direction to the bank of the wing(s). The aircraft is not in coordinated flight and therefore is flying inefficiently.

Relative wind
In aeronautics, the relative wind is the direction of movement of the atmosphere relative to an aircraft or an airfoil.  It is opposite to the direction of movement of the aircraft or airfoil relative to the atmosphere. Close to any point on the surface of an aircraft or airfoil, the air is moving parallel to the surface; but at a great distance from the aircraft or airfoil, the movement of the air can be represented by a single vector.  This vector is the relative wind or the free stream velocity vector.

The angle between the chord line of an airfoil and the relative wind defines the angle of attack. The relative wind is of great importance to pilots because exceeding the critical angle of attack will result in a stall, regardless of airspeed.
Syana Assembly constituency
Syana Assembly constituency is one of the 403 constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India. It is a part of the Bulandshahar district and one of the five assembly constituencies in the Bulandshahr Lok Sabha constituency. First election in this assembly constituency was held in 1957 after the "DPACO (1956)" (delimitation order) was passed in 1956. After the "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order" was passed in 2008, the constituency was assigned identification number 66.

Bulandshahr district
Bulandshahr district (also spelled Bulandshahar) is a district in the Meerut region in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP), situated between the Ganga and Yamuna rivers. It is a part of the National Capital Region of India, and Bulandshahr is the district headquarters.

The district is situated between 28.4° south and 28.0° north latitudes and between 77.0° and 78.0° east longitudes. It is bordered by Hapur district to the north, Amroha and Sambhal districts to the east, Aligarh district to the south and Gautam Buddha Nagar district to the west.
Jurata
Jurata is a settlement and seaside resort in northern Poland, located on the Hel Peninsula in a forested area between the towns of Jastarnia and Hel in Puck County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, on the coast of the Baltic Sea.

Hel, Poland
Hel (Kashubian: Hél; German: Hela) is a seaside resort city in Puck County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, located on the tip of the Hel Peninsula, some 33 kilometres (21 miles) from the Polish mainland.
Raimond Kaljulaid
Raimond Kaljulaid (born 27 January 1982) is an Estonian politician, who has served as a member of the Estonian Parliament since 2019. Kaljulaid has served on the Foreign Affairs Committee, was Deputy Chair of European Union Affairs Committee 2021–2022, Chair of National Defence Committee 2022–2023. Currently he is a member of the National Defence Committee and Security Authorities Surveillance Select Committee and also serves on the Estonian Public Broadcasting Council 2023.

Kaljulaid is also chair of the Estonia-Japan friendship group in parliament and leads a parliamentary group promoting the Estonian Defence Industry.

In 2019, Kaljulaid was elected in the list of Centre Party, but quit the party in protest of Centre Party's decision to form a coalition cabinet with the Conservative People's Party, and joined the Social Democratic Party in November 2019 and was re-elected as a Member of Parliament in 2024.

Riigikogu
The Riigikogu (Estonian: [ˈriːkiˈkoku], from Estonian riigi-, "of the state", and kogu, "assembly") is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the prime minister and chief justice of the Supreme Court, and elects (either alone or, if necessary, together with representatives of local government within a broader electoral college) the president. Among its other tasks, the Riigikogu also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations and bring about changes in law, as well as approves the budget presented by the government as law, and monitors the executive power.
Shakotan, Hokkaido
Shakotan (積丹町, Shakotan-chō) is a town located in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. As of September 2016, the town had a population of 2,215, and a density of 9.3 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 238.20 square kilometres (91.97 mi2), and located 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Sapporo, the capital and economic hub of Hokkaido. Shakotan occupies the north of the Shakotan Peninsula. It was founded in 1869 as part of the short-lived Shiribeshi Province, which was dissolved in 1882 to become Hokkaido. Shakotan, along with neighboring Otaru, is home to Japan's only national-level marine sanctuary. Shakotan is home to the three great capes of the Shakotan Peninsula: Kamui, Shakotan, and Ōgon.

Otaru
Otaru (小樽市, Otaru-shi) is a city and port in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan, northwest of Sapporo. The city faces Ishikari Bay and the Sea of Japan, and has long served as the main port of the bay. With its many historical buildings, Otaru is a popular tourist destination. Because it is a 25-minute drive from Sapporo, it has grown as a commuter town. As of July 31, 2023, the city had an estimated population of 107,432 and a population density of 441 persons per km² (1,100 persons per mi²). The total area is 243.83 km2 (94.14 sq mi). Although it is the largest city in Shiribeshi Subprefecture, the subprefecture's capital is the more centrally located Kutchan.