hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linear programming decoding
In information theory and coding theory, linear programming decoding (LP decoding) is a decoding method which uses concepts from linear programming (LP) theory to solve decoding problems. This approach was first used by Jon Feldman et al. They showed how the LP can be used to decode block codes.

The basic idea behind LP decoding is to first represent the maximum likelihood decoding of a linear code as an integer linear program, and then relax the integrality constraints on the variables into linear inequalities.

Decoding methods
In coding theory, decoding is the process of translating received messages into codewords of a given code. There have been many common methods of mapping messages to codewords. These are often used to recover messages sent over a noisy channel, such as a binary symmetric channel.
Carlos Alberto (footballer, born 1932)
Carlos Alberto Martins Cavalheiro (25 January 1932 – 29 June 2012), better known as Carlos Alberto, was a Brazilian footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He was part of the Brazil national team that competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, 1959 Pan American Games, and the 1960 Summer Olympics.

As he was a member of the Brazilian Air Force, Carlos Alberto could not establish a professional contract, being the goalkeeper in most of the Brazilian team's Olympic and Pan American competitions in the 1950s. He was also the goalkeepers coach for Brazil in the 1974 FIFA World Cup.

Football at the 1959 Pan American Games
Football at the 1959 Pan American Games was held in Chicago, Illinois, from August 28 to September 6, 1959. Seven teams competed in a round-robin competition with Cuba, Haiti and the hosts (United States) competing in their first Pan American Games football tournament. Argentina defended the gold medal they had won at the previous games finishing with 11 points from a possible 12 points while Brazil and the United States claimed silver and bronze respectively.
Bigg Boss (Tamil TV series) season 8
Bigg Boss 8 is the eighth season of the Indian Tamil-language version reality television series Bigg Boss. It premiered on 6 October 2024 on Star Vijay and Disney+ Hotstar. Vijay Sethupathi joined as the host for the season marking his first time.

The grand finale of the season took place on 19 January 2025, where Muthukumaran Jegatheesan emerged as the winner, while Soundariya Nanjundan was the runner-up and Vishal as 2nd runner up. Jacquline Lydia made history by continuously nominated for 15 Weeks.

Cooku with Comali
Cooku with Comali  (transl. Cook with Clown), also known by the acronym CWC, is an Indian Tamil-language comedy-based cooking competition show aired on Star Vijay and streams on Disney+ Hotstar where the contestants are paired each week with comedians (comalis) who are amateur cooks. The first season premiered on 16 November 2019 and ended on 23 February 2020. The second season premiered on 14 November 2020 and ended on 14 April 2021. The third season premiered on 22 January 2022 and ended on 24 July 2022. The fourth season premiered on 28 January 2023 and ended on 30 July 2023. The contestants along with their comalis are challenged every week and are judged by Chef Damu and Chef Venkatesh Bhat until season 4.
Callum Scotson
Callum Scotson (born 10 August 1996) is an Australian professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Decathlon–AG2R La Mondiale. He rode in the men's team pursuit at the 2016 UCI Track Cycling World Championships winning a gold medal.

Scotson's older brother Miles Scotson is also a successful professional cyclist and they are both former students of Trinity College Gawler. In August 2020, Scotson was studying a Bachelor of Commerce/Arts at Deakin University. In October 2020, he was named in the startlist for the 2020 Vuelta a España.

2016 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 2016 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championships for track cycling in 2016. They took place in London in the Lee Valley VeloPark from 2–6 March 2016.

As the last major track cycling event prior to the 2016 Summer Olympics, the championships were particularly important for cyclists and national teams aiming to qualify for the track cycling competitions at Rio 2016. Hosts Great Britain finished top of the medals table with five gold, one silver and three bronze medals.
Contrabass
Contrabass (from Italian: contrabbasso) refers to several musical instruments of very low pitch—generally one octave below bass register instruments. While the term most commonly refers to the double bass (which is the bass instrument in the orchestral string family, tuned lower than the cello), many other instruments in the contrabass register exist.

The term "contrabass" is relative, usually denoting a very low-pitched instrument of its type, rather than one in a particular range.

For example, the contrabass flute's lowest note is approximately an octave higher than that of the contrabass clarinet.

Instruments tuned below contrabass instruments, such as the double contrabass flute or subcontrabass saxophone, may be referred to as "double contrabass," "triple contrabass," "subcontrabass," or "octocontrabass" instruments.

On the other hand, the "contrabass" classification often includes such instruments.

Subcontrabass saxophone
The subcontrabass saxophone is the largest of the family of saxophones that Adolphe Sax described in his 1846 patent. In the patent paperwork he called it the saxophone bourdon, named after the very low-pitched 32′ bourdon pedal stop on large pipe organs. Sax planned to build one, but did not; the first playable subcontrabass saxophone was built in 2010. It is a transposing instrument pitched in B♭ one octave below the bass saxophone, two octaves below the tenor, and three octaves and a major second below its written pitch.
Kreis Löbau (West Prussia)
The Löbau district (German: Kreis Löbau) was a Prussian district in the Marienwerder administrative region that existed from 1818 to 1920. The seat of the district administration was in the city of Neumark. The district belonged to the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after World War I through the Treaty of Versailles in 1920. Today, the territory of the district is in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship in Poland.

Nowe Miasto Lubawskie
Nowe Miasto Lubawskie (Polish: [ˈnɔvɛ ˈmjastɔ luˈbafskʲɛ]; German: Neumark in Westpreußen) is a town in northern Poland, situated on the River Drwęca. The total population in January 2024 was 10,089. Nowe Miasto Lubawskie is the capital of Nowe Miasto County in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship.
Brazilin
Brazilin is a naturally occurring, homoisoflavonoid, red dye obtained from the wood of Paubrasilia echinata, Biancaea sappan, Caesalpinia violacea, and Haematoxylum brasiletto (also known as Natural Red 24 and  CI 75280). Brazilin has been used since at least the Middle Ages to dye fabric, and has been used to make paints and inks as well. The specific color produced by the pigment depends on its manner of preparation: in an acidic solution brazilin will appear yellow, but in an alkaline preparation it will appear red. Brazilin is closely related to the blue-black dye precursor hematoxylin, having one fewer hydroxyl group. Brazilein, the active dye agent, is an oxidized form of brazilin.

Haematoxylum brasiletto
Haematoxylum brasiletto, or Mexican logwood, is a species of tropical hardwood tree in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is known in its native Mexico and Guatemala as "palo de brasil" or "palo de tinto". The timber is used to make bows for stringed instruments, the manufacture of dyes and in ethnobotany.
ZeniMax Online Studios
ZeniMax Online Studios LLC is an American video game developer and a subsidiary of ZeniMax Media, specializing in massively multiplayer online games. The company developed The Elder Scrolls Online and its downloadable content. In 2025, it had over 300 employees before undergoing a round of layoffs. Its main studio is located in Hunt Valley, Maryland, and it also operates a satellite studio in Budapest, Hungary. Additionally, ZeniMax Online Studios has locations in Austin, San Diego, Seattle, and Wisconsin.

Massively multiplayer online game
A massively multiplayer online (MMO) game, sometimes referred to as an MMOG, is an online video game with a large number of players to interact in the same online game world. MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although there are games that differ. These games can be found for most network-capable platforms, including the personal computer, video game console, or smartphones and other mobile devices.

MMOs can enable players to cooperate and compete with each other on a large scale, and sometimes to interact meaningfully with people around the world. They include a variety of gameplay types, representing many video game genres.
Line 10 (CPTM)
Line 10 (Turquoise) (Portuguese: Linha 10 – Turquesa), formerly Line D (Beige), is one of the thirteen lines that make up the São Paulo Metro Rail Transport Network in Brazil and one of the five lines operated by CPTM.

Line 7 (CPTM)
Line 7 (Ruby) (Portuguese: Linha 7–Rubi), formerly Line A (Brown), is one of the thirteen lines that make up the São Paulo Metro Rail Transport Network, in Brazil and the only line operated by TIC Trens.
Bạch Đằng Quay
Bạch Đằng Quay (Vietnamese: Bến Bạch Đằng) is a wharf and park with an address No.2 Tôn Đức Thắng Boulevard, Bến Nghé in District 1, downtown Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It stretches along about 1.3 kilometres (0.81 mi) of the Saigon River from the Thủ Ngữ flagpole (Three-way junction of Bến Nghé Channel and Saigon River) to the site of the former Ba Son Shipyard (now the Saigon – Ba Son complex) and covers an area of 23,400 square metres (252,000 sq ft).

Tôn Đức Thắng Boulevard
Tôn Đức Thắng Boulevard (Vietnamese: Đường Tôn Đức Thắng) is a thoroughfare in District 1, Downtown Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

The boulevard stretches from Lê Duẩn Boulevard to the north end of the Khánh Hội Bridge, with more than half of its length running along the west bank of the Saigon River.
Yamaska South East River
The Yamaska Southeast river is a tributary of the Yamaska River. It flows in the Brome-Missisquoi Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the administrative region of Montérégie, on the South Shore of the Saint Lawrence River, in Quebec, Canada. Its course to the northwest crosses the municipalities of: Sutton, Cowansville, Brigham and Farnham.

Brigham, Quebec
Brigham is a municipality located in the province of Quebec, Canada. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 2,457. Part of the Brome-Missisquoi Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Estrie, the municipality is west of Cowansville and close to Bromont.
Saskatchewan Highway 201
Highway 201 (also known as Chief Kahkewistahaw Way) is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The highway runs from the Trans-Canada Highway near Broadview north to the Highway 247 / Highway 638 intersection in the Qu'Appelle Valley. Connecting to Highway 247 provides access to Crooked and Round Lakes of the Fishing Lakes in the Qu'Appelle Valley. En route, Highway 201 passes through the Kahkewistahaw First Nation. It is about 19 kilometres (12 mi) long.

On 26 September 2025, Saskatchewan Highways Minister Dave Marit announced the dual designation of Highway 201 as 'Highway 201 Chief Kahkewistahaw Way' to honour Chief Kahkewistahaw, one of the original signors of Treaty 4.

Round Lake (Saskatchewan)
Round Lake is the last part of a chain of eutrophic prairie lakes connected by the Qu'Appelle River in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The lakes were formed by glaciation about 10,000 years ago.

The lake harbours recreational activities including camping, boating, and fishing. Cabins can be rented or bought along the shores of the lake. Camping is provided at Bird's Point Resort and West End. Other camps include Camp O'Neill and Camp McKay. Access to the lake is provided by Highway 247. Crooked Lake Provincial Park and Crooked Lake are 20 kilometres (12 mi) west. A scenic viewpoint, located north of the lake and highway, provides a view of the lake.
John King (covenanter)
John King was an outlawed minister of the Covenant, chaplain at one time to Lord Cardross, but seized by Claverhouse among the insurgents after the affair at Drumclog. King was taken to Edinburgh along with another preacher named John Kid. They were each subjected to torture, condemned to death, and executed. Following his death King's head and limbs were displayed at the Netherbow Port on Edinburgh's Royal Mile  beside James Guthrie's skull.

John Graham, 1st Viscount Dundee
Major-General John Graham of Claverhouse, 1st Viscount Dundee (21 July 1648 – 27 July 1689) was a Scottish army officer. A Tory and Episcopalian, he was responsible for policing southwest Scotland to suppress religious unrest and rebellion of Covenanters during the late 17th century. His allegedly brutal conduct during this period led him to be nicknamed "Bluidy Clavers".

As a general in the Scots Army, Claverhouse was made Viscount Dundee by James VII of Scotland, and remained loyal to James after the Glorious Revolution deposed him.  Dundee rallied Highland clans loyal to the Jacobite cause and led the Jacobite rising of 1689 to victory at the Battle of Killiecrankie, where he died. The rising was unsuccessful, but Claverhouse posthumously was made a Jacobite hero, acquiring the soubriquet "Bonnie Dundee".
Graphite-moderated reactor
"Graphite reactor" directs here. For the graphite reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, see X-10 Graphite Reactor.

A graphite-moderated reactor is a nuclear reactor that uses carbon as a neutron moderator, which allows natural uranium to be used as nuclear fuel.

The first artificial nuclear reactor, the Chicago Pile-1, used nuclear graphite as a moderator. Graphite-moderated reactors were involved in two of the best-known nuclear disasters: an untested graphite annealing process contributed to the Windscale fire (but the graphite itself did not catch fire), while a graphite fire during the Chernobyl disaster contributed to the spread of radioactive material.

Neutron moderator
In nuclear engineering, a neutron moderator is a medium that reduces the speed of fast neutrons, ideally without capturing any, leaving them as thermal neutrons with only minimal (thermal) kinetic energy. These thermal neutrons are immensely more susceptible than fast neutrons to propagate a nuclear chain reaction of uranium-235 or other fissile isotope by colliding with their atomic nucleus.

Water (sometimes called "light water" in this context) is the most commonly used moderator (roughly 75% of the world's reactors). Solid graphite (20% of reactors) and heavy water (5% of reactors) are the main alternatives. Beryllium has also been used in some experimental types, and hydrocarbons have been suggested as another possibility.
Turbo Turtle Adventure
Turbo Turtle Adventure is a 2002 puzzle video game for the Game Boy Advance developed by Iridon Interactive and published by Majesco. Gameplay involves guiding a rolling turtle through a series of levels, whilst avoiding obstacles. Upon release, the game received generally positive reviews, with praise directed to its addictiveness and resemblance to puzzle titles including Super Monkey Ball and Marble Madness, and criticism to its repetitive trial-and error gameplay.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Big Piney River
The Big Piney River is a 110-mile-long (180 km) tributary of the Gasconade River in Pulaski and Texas counties in Missouri, United States.  Via the Gasconade and Missouri rivers, it is part of the Mississippi River basin.

Pulaski County, Missouri
Pulaski County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,955. Its county seat is Waynesville. The county was organized in 1833 and named for Kazimierz Pułaski, a Polish patriot who died fighting in the American Revolution. Pulaski County is the site of Fort Leonard Wood, a U.S. Army training base. It comprises the Fort Leonard Wood, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area which has nearly one-third of the total county population.
Khalid Ali Mia
Khalid Ali Mia (21 February 1932 – 2 April 1981) was a Bangladesh Awami League politician. He was elected a member of parliament from undivided Rajshahi-2 in 1973. He was one of the organizers of the Liberation War of Bangladesh.

1973 Bangladeshi general election
General elections were held in newly independent Bangladesh on 7 March 1973, the first general election after the Bangladesh Liberation War. A total of 1,078 candidates and 14 political parties contested the elections.

Though the Awami League was already the clear favourite before the elections, the government led by its leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman made a major effort to winning every seat. This led to an unnecessarily rigged election in which the Awami League won 293 of the 300 directly elected seats including eleven constituencies where they were elected unopposed without a vote. Voter turnout was 55%.

The result saw a near-complete obliteration of the opposition, with most of the leadership of opposition parties failing to win seats, including Mohammad Abdul Jalil (Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal), Rashed Khan Menon, Kazi Zafar Ahmed and Aleem al-Razee (National Awami Party (Bhashani)), and Suranjit Sengupta (National Awami Party (Muzaffar)).
Happy Valley railway station
Happy Valley is a closed railway station in Adelaide, South Australia. It was a ground level stopping place during the passenger transport days of this line, and a 1965 reference mentioned that it was no longer used at that date.

A road bridge, carrying South Road on a diversion by-passing Reynella, crossed the line shortly after Happy Valley.

The stop is now completely destroyed, the entire Willunga railway line having been dismantled in 1972, and the site is now the location of the Panalatinga Road interchange of the Southern Expressway and Main South Road.

South Road
South Road (and its southern section as Main South Road outside of Adelaide) is a major north–south conduit connecting Adelaide and the Fleurieu Peninsula, in South Australia. It is one of Adelaide's most important arterial and bypass roads. As South Road, it is designated part of route A2 within suburban Adelaide. As Main South Road, it is designated part of routes A13 and B23.

The northern part of South Road contributes the central component of the North–South Corridor, a series of road projects under construction or planning that will eventually provide a continuous expressway between Old Noarlunga and Gawler.
John Mills (encyclopaedist)
John Mills (c. 1717 – c. 1794) was an English writer on agriculture, translator and editor. Mills and Gottfried Sellius are known for being the first to prepare a French edition of Ephraim Chambers's Cyclopaedia for publication in 1745, which eventually resulted in the Encyclopédie published in France between 1751 and 1772.

As writer on agriculture, Mills is credited for publishing the earliest complete treatise on all branches of agriculture. His chief work, A New System of Practical Husbandry, in 5 volumes, appeared in 1767. It combines the results of the experience and observations of such writers as Evelyn, Duhamel, John Worlidge, and Jethro Tull, and was highly commended. Mills was a warm advocate of small farms.

John Worlidge
John Worlidge or John Woolridge (1640–1700) was an English agriculturalist, who lived in Petersfield, Hampshire, England. He was considered a great expert on rural affairs, and one of the first British agriculturalists to discuss the importance of farming as an industry.
Database administration
Database administration is the function of managing and maintaining database management systems (DBMS) software. Mainstream DBMS software such as Oracle, IBM Db2 and Microsoft SQL Server need ongoing management. As such, corporations that use DBMS software often hire specialized information technology personnel called database administrators or DBAs.

Microsoft SQL Server
Microsoft SQL Server is a proprietary relational database management system developed by Microsoft using  Structured Query Language (SQL, often pronounced "sequel"). As a database server, it is a software product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other software applications—which may run either on the same computer or on another computer across a network (including the Internet). Microsoft markets at least a dozen different editions of Microsoft SQL Server, aimed at different audiences and for workloads ranging from small single-machine applications to large Internet-facing applications with many concurrent users.
Mekhi Garner
Mekhi Garner (born January 11, 2000) is an American professional football cornerback for the Louisville Kings of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football for the Navarro Bulldogs, Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns and LSU Tigers.

Navarro College
Navarro College is a public community college in Texas with its main campus in Corsicana and branches in Mexia, Midlothian, and Waxahachie. The college has an annual student enrollment of more than 9,000 students.

The Corsicana campus has strong ties with Texas A&M University–Commerce which has branches at the Navarro College campuses in Corsicana.
Kori Roberson
Kori Roberson Jr. (born February 5, 2001) is an American professional football defensive lineman for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Oklahoma and SMU.

SMU Mustangs football
The SMU Mustangs football team is a college football team representing Southern Methodist University (SMU) in University Park, Dallas County, Texas. The Mustangs compete in the NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). SMU joined the ACC in July 2024 after eleven years as a member of the American Athletic Conference (AAC).
Gabriel Bordado
Gabriel "Gabby" Hidalgo Bordado Jr. (born February 15, 1955) is a Filipino politician and writer who currently serves as the vice mayor of Naga, Camarines Sur, under mayor Leni Robredo since 2025. He previously held the office from 2004 to 2013, under the mayoralties of Jesse Robredo and John Bongat. He has served as the representative for Camarines Sur's third district from 2016 to 2025 and previously as a member of the Naga City Council from 1995 to 2004 and again from 2013 to 2016.

Jesse Robredo
Jesus "Jesse" Manalastas Robredo QSC CCLH (Tagalog: [ˈdʒɛsi ɾɔˈbɾɛdɔ]; Chinese: 林炳智; pinyin: Lín Bǐngzhì; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lîm Péng-tì; May 27, 1958 – August 18, 2012) was a Filipino politician who served as 23rd Secretary of the Interior and Local Government in the administration of President Benigno Aquino III from 2010 until his death in 2012. Robredo was a member of the Liberal Party.

Beginning in 1988, Robredo served six terms as Mayor of Naga in Camarines Sur. In recognition of his achievements as Naga mayor, Robredo was awarded the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Government Service in 2000, the first Filipino mayor so honored. He was appointed to the Cabinet of President Aquino in July 2010.

Robredo died on August 18, 2012, when the light aircraft he was traveling in crashed off the coast of Masbate after suffering an engine failure.