hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1857 United States Senate election in California
The 1857 United States Senate election in California was held on January 10, 1857, by the California State Legislature to elect a U.S. Senator (Class 1) to represent the State of California in the United States Senate. In a special joint session, former Democratic lieutenant governor David C. Broderick was elected over Know Nothing State Senator James W. Coffroth and Republican former congressman from North Carolina Edward Stanly.

David C. Broderick
David Colbreth Broderick (February 4, 1820 – September 16, 1859) was an attorney and politician, elected by the legislature as Democratic U.S. Senator from California. He lived in New York until moving to California during the Gold Rush. He was a first cousin of politicians Andrew Kennedy of Indiana and Case Broderick of Kansas. At age 39, Broderick was fatally wounded in a duel with jurist David S. Terry, a former friend.
Street Fight (film)
Street Fight is a 2005 documentary film by Marshall Curry, chronicling the 2002 Newark mayoral election which pitted upstart Cory Booker against the incumbent Sharpe James for Mayor of Newark, New Jersey. Other credits include Rory Kennedy (executive producer), Liz Garbus (executive producer), Mary Manhardt (additional editor), Marisa Karplus (associate producer), Catherine Jones (associate producer), and Adam Etline (story consultant). Street Fight screened at the 2005 Tribeca Film Festival and was later aired on the PBS series P.O.V. on July 5, 2005, and CBC Newsworld in Canada on May 7, 2006. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.

Rory Kennedy
Rory Elizabeth Katherine Kennedy (born December 12, 1968) is an American documentary filmmaker. Kennedy has made documentary films that center on social issues such as addiction, her opposition to nuclear power, the treatment of prisoners-of-war, and the politics of the Mexican border fence.

She is the youngest child of U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Kennedy.
Bland Independent School District
Bland Independent School District is a public school district in the community of Merit, Texas (USA). In addition to Merit, the district serves Floyd and Wagner in Hunt County. A small portion of the district extends into Collin County. The district operates one high school, Bland High School.

Merit, Texas
Merit is an unincorporated community in Hunt County, Texas, United States. It is 15 miles northwest of Greenville. Merit has a post office with the ZIP code 75458. The Bland Independent School District serves area students.
Integration using Euler's formula
In integral calculus, Euler's formula for complex numbers may be used to evaluate integrals involving trigonometric functions. Using Euler's formula, any trigonometric function may be written in terms of complex exponential functions, namely  and  and then integrated. This technique is often simpler and faster than using trigonometric identities or integration by parts, and is sufficiently powerful to integrate any rational expression involving trigonometric functions.

Euler's formula
Euler's formula, named after Leonhard Euler, is a mathematical formula in complex analysis that establishes the fundamental relationship between the trigonometric functions and the complex exponential function. Euler's formula states that, for any real number x, one has

where e is the base of the natural logarithm, i is the imaginary unit, and cos and sin are the trigonometric functions cosine and sine respectively. This complex exponential function is sometimes denoted cis x ("cosine plus i sine"). The formula is still valid if x is a complex number, and is also called Euler's formula in this more general case.

Euler's formula is ubiquitous in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and engineering. The physicist Richard Feynman called the equation "our jewel" and "the most remarkable formula in mathematics".

When x = π, Euler's formula may be rewritten as eiπ = −1 or eiπ + 1 = 0, which is known as Euler's identity.
Professional Acknowledgment for Continuing Education
Professional Acknowledgment for Continuing Education credits, or PACE credits, are a type of continuing education credit sponsored by the American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science (ASCLS).  PACE credits fulfill continuing education requirements for various state and regional laboratory regulation boards.  Laboratorians may earn PACE credits by attending seminars, completing mail-away courses, or taking CD-ROM or web-based courses.

American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science
American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science or (ASCLS) is  a professional organization that provides advocacy, standards setting, education (professional and continuing), personal and professional development for clinical laboratory science practitioners.

ASCLS began in 1933 as the American Society of Clinical Laboratory Technicians(ASCLT), in 1936 was renamed to the American Society of Medical Technologists and in 1973 to the American Society for Medical Technology (ASMT), before settling on the current name American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science in 1993.
Paracuellos de Jiloca
Paracuellos de Jiloca is a municipality on the river Jiloca, located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 507 inhabitants.

Jiloca (river)
The Jiloca (Spanish pronunciation: [xiˈloka]) is a river in Aragón, Spain, a tributary of the river Jalón, and part of the watershed of the Ebro basin.  The course of the river runs through the provinces of Teruel and Zaragoza. It has a length of 126 kilometres (78 mi) and an average flow rate of 2.1 cubic metres per second (74 cu ft/s), although this varies between the seasons. The river flows in a generally north easterly direction from its source near Monreal del Campo.

The valley was an historic route between the Meseta Central and the Mediterranean coast. Roman bridges remain in many pueblos and remains of watermills can be seen. The water is generally of good quality and supports a range of wildlife. Cleaning works by the regional government have been criticised by environmental organisations who claim that the ecology has been damaged. The watershed covers an area of 2,957 square kilometres (1,142 mi2).
Italy, New York
Italy is a town located in Yates County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a total population of 1,141. The town takes its name from the country of Italy.

The Town of Italy is in the southwestern part of the county and is south of Canandaigua.

Yates County, New York
Yates County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 24,774, making it the third-least populous county in New York. The county seat is Penn Yan. The name is in honor of Joseph C. Yates, who as Governor of New York signed the act establishing the county. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Yates County is included in the Rochester, New York Metropolitan Area.
261st Theater Tactical Signal Brigade
The 261st Theater Tactical Signal Brigade (261st TTSB) is a unit in the Delaware Army National Guard, with a home station in Smyrna, Delaware. The 261st Theater Tactical Signal Brigade (261st TTSB) provides command and control to assigned and attached units. The 261st Signal Brigade supervises the installation, operation, and maintenance of up to 16 NODES in the theater communications system excluding the division and corps systems. The brigade also hosts a Joint Command, Control, Computer and Communications (C4) Center, or JCCC, at its headquarters in Smyrna, Delaware.

Delaware Army National Guard
The Delaware Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army and the United States National Guard.  National coordination of various state National Guard units are maintained through the National Guard Bureau.

The Delaware Army National Guard maintains 15 armories in 12 communities.

Delaware Army National Guard units are trained and equipped as part of the United States Army.  The same ranks and insignia are used and National Guardsmen are eligible to receive all United States military awards. The Delaware Guard also bestows a number of state awards for local services rendered in or to the state of Delaware.
Paul Hogan
Paul Hogan AM (born 8 October 1939) is an Australian actor and comedian. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his performance as outback adventurer Michael "Crocodile" Dundee in Crocodile Dundee (1986), the first in the Crocodile Dundee film series.

Crocodile Dundee (character)
Michael J. "Crocodile" Dundee (also called Mick), played by Paul Hogan, is a fictional protagonist in the Crocodile Dundee film series consisting of Crocodile Dundee, Crocodile Dundee II, and Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles. The character is a crocodile hunter, hence the nickname and is modeled on Rod Ansell.
Beverly (band)
Beverly is a Brooklyn-based American pop rock band that formed in 2013. They began recording their debut LP, Careers, in 2013 and finished in early 2014. It was released on July 1, 2014, on Williamsburg-based Kanine Records.

Beverly's original lineup consisted of Frankie Rose and Drew Citron, both from the Brooklyn indie music scene. Rose is a former member of Crystal Stilts, Vivian Girls, and Dum Dum Girls, while Citron is a former member of Avan Lava. They released their first single, "Honey Do", on Gorilla vs. Bear on February 10, 2014, and it was quickly picked up by other notable music blogs such as Pitchfork Media. The track was featured on Kanine Records' Record Store Day compilation Non Violent Femmes.

Kanine Records
Kanine Records is an independent record label based in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, New York started at the end of 2002 by Lio and Kay Kanine. Their first release, NY: The Next Wave, was a 20 track compilation featuring mostly unsigned and emerging acts from the area. From there, they started to sign local bands and release CD EPs, 12-inch vinyl and eventually full-length records.  The label remains independent and continues to grow due to the ongoing success of artists like Grizzly Bear, Chairlift, and Surfer Blood. Recent and upcoming releases include albums by The Natvral (Kip Berman from The Pains Of Being Pure At Heart), Pearl Charles, Hoorsees, Lucid Express, and VEPS.
Bassingfield
Bassingfield is a hamlet in Nottinghamshire, England. It is located 3 miles (4.8 km) south east of Nottingham, close to the A52.  It is in the civil parish of Holme Pierrepont. The Grantham Canal lies 200 yards (180 m) to the south.

A52 road
The A52 is a major road in the East Midlands, England. It runs east from a junction with the A53 at Newcastle-under-Lyme near Stoke-on-Trent via Ashbourne, Derby, Stapleford, Nottingham, West Bridgford, Bingham, Grantham, Boston and Skegness to the east Lincolnshire coast at Mablethorpe. It is approximately 147 miles (237 km) long.
Base (geometry)
In geometry, a base is a side of a polygon or a face of a polyhedron, particularly one oriented perpendicular to the direction in which height is measured, or on what is considered to be the "bottom" of the figure. This term is commonly applied in plane geometry to triangles, parallelograms, trapezoids, and in solid geometry to cylinders, cones, pyramids, parallelepipeds, prisms, and frustums.

The side or point opposite the base is often called the apex or summit of the shape.

Edge (geometry)
In geometry, an edge is a particular type of line segment joining two vertices in a polygon, polyhedron, or higher-dimensional polytope. In a polygon, an edge is a line segment on the boundary, and is often called a polygon side. In a polyhedron or more generally a polytope, an edge is a line segment where two faces (or polyhedron sides) meet. A segment joining two vertices while passing through the interior or exterior is not an edge but instead is called a diagonal.

An edge may also be an infinite line separating two half-planes.
The sides of a plane angle are semi-infinite half-lines (or rays).
Côte d'Or (escarpment)
The Côte d'Or (French pronunciation: [kot dɔʁ] ⓘ) is a limestone escarpment in Burgundy, France, and the namesake of the department in which it is located. It stretches from Dijon in the north to the river Dheune to the south, overlooking the valley of the Saône to the east.

The east-facing slope of the Côte d'Or is home to Burgundy wines such as Gevrey-Chambertin, Clos de Vougeot, Meursault and Montrachet. The northern half, the Côte de Nuits, produces red wine almost exclusively. To the south, the Côte de Beaune produces a mix of white wine and red wine. The Route des Grands Crus (Route Nationale 74) runs along the foot of the ridge and is popular with tourists.

Côte-d'Or
Côte-d'Or (French pronunciation: [kot dɔʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. In 2019, it had a population of 534,124. Its prefecture is Dijon, which is also the regional prefecture; its subprefectures are Beaune and Montbard.
Amphipappus
Amphipappus is a North American genus in the family Asteraceae. It is native to desert regions of the southwestern United States, in southern California, southern Nevada, Arizona, and southeastern Utah.

There is only one known species Amphipappus fremontii. It is a shrub up to 60 cm (23.5 in) tall. The flower heads are yellow and have both ray florets and disc florets. Its rounded clumps are scattered about dry, rocky areas.

The species takes its scientific epithet, fremontii from John C. Frémont, and is known commonly by the names chaffbush or eytelia (in honor of artist Carl Eytel).

Carl Eytel
Carl Eytel (September 12, 1862 – September 17, 1925) was a German American artist who built his reputation for paintings and drawings of desert subjects in the American Southwest. Immigrating to the United States in 1885, he settled in Palm Springs, California in 1903. With an extensive knowledge of the Sonoran Desert, Eytel traveled with the author George Wharton James as he wrote the successful Wonders of the Colorado Desert, and contributed over 300 drawings to the 1908 work. While he enjoyed success as an artist, he lived as an ascetic and would die in poverty. Eytel's most important work, Desert Near Palm Springs, hangs in the History Room of the California State Library.
Corbassière Glacier
The Corbassière Glacier (French: Glacier de Corbassière) is a valley glacier in the Grand Combin massif in the Pennine Alps in southwestern Valais. It is 9.8 km (6.1 mi) long with an average width of slightly more than 1 km (0.62 mi) and covers an area of 17.4 km2 (6.7 sq mi).

The origin of Corbassière Glacier is on the northern slope of the Grand Combin at over 4,000 m (13,000 ft) above sea level. The glacier tongue currently ends at around 2,300 m (7,500 ft) above sea level.

On the right side of the lower section of the glacier, the Cabane François-Xavier Bagnoud ([kaban fʁɑ̃swa ɡzavje baɲu]; 2645 m above sea level) belonging to the Swiss Alpine Club is a starting point for ascents and glacier tours in the Grand Combin massif.

Pennine Alps
The Pennine Alps (French: Alpes Pennines, German: Walliser Alpen, Italian: Alpi Pennine, Latin: Alpes Poeninae), sometimes referred to as the Valais Alps (which are just the Northern Swiss part of the Pennine Alps), are a mountain range in the western part of the Alps. They are located in Italy (the Aosta Valley and Piedmont) and Switzerland (Valais).

The Pennine Alps are amongst the three highest major subranges of the Alps, together with the Bernese Alps and the Graian Alps that include the Mont Blanc massif.
Ou Ning
Ou Ning (simplified Chinese: 欧宁; traditional Chinese: 歐寧; pinyin: ōu níng; born 1969) is a Chinese artist, film maker, curator, writer, publisher and activist. He is the director of two films San Yuan Li (2003) and Meishi Street (2005),  chief curator of Shenzhen and Hong Kong Bi-city Biennale of Urbanism \ Architecture (2009), founding chief editor of the literary bimonthly Chutzpah! (Tian Nan, 2011–2014), founder of Bishan Commune (2011–2016), School of Tillers (2015–2016) and Isogloss Collective (2024–). He taught at GSAPP, Columbia University  and worked as the founding curator of Kwan-Yen Project from 2016 to 2017.

San Yuan Li
San Yuan Li (Chinese: 三元里; pinyin: sān yuán lǐ) is a 2003 experimental independent Chinese documentary directed and produced by artists Ou Ning and Cao Fei. Focusing on the modern paradox of China's rapid economic growth and social marginalization, the film was shot in San Yuan Li, a rural village nestled in the industrial skyline of Guangzhou. The film examines the effects of development on traditional agrarian lifestyles. San Yuan Li was commissioned for and exhibited at the Venice Biennale in 2003.
Commonwealth Korfball Championships
The first Commonwealth Korfball Championships were held in Croydon from 14 to 16 July 2006.

This was a tournament recognised by the International Korfball Federation, and hosted by the British Korfball Association, at the Whitgift School, Croydon.

Participants came from Australia, England, Scotland, South Africa and Wales.  Additionally teams from Ireland and North America (USA and Canada) were invited to take part, to help the development of korfball in these countries.

The tournament was by way of a round-robin championships, with England the eventual winners.

Korfball
Korfball (Dutch: korfbal [ˈkɔr(ə)vbɑl]) is a ball sport with similarities to netball, basketball, and ringball. The objective is to throw a ball into a netless basket that is mounted on a 3.5 m (11.5-foot) pole. Each team is composed of four female players and four male players. The sport was created in the Netherlands in 1902 by schoolteacher Nico Broekhuysen, and has since spread globally.
William and Helen Coffeen House
The William and Helen Coffeen House is a historic house located at 306 S. Garfield Street in Hinsdale, Illinois. Built in 1899–1900, the house is an early example of architect George W. Maher's Prairie School work. The house has a stucco exterior, a building material that ultimately became a distinctive element of Maher's work. The decorative wooden frame around the house's entrance and the extensive use of stained glass windows highlight how Maher developed a distinctive personal style of ornamentation in his designs. The house's original owners were real estate agent William Coffeen and his wife Helen, both of whom were active members of Hinsdale's civic and social life.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 22, 2014.

George W. Maher
George Washington Maher (December 25, 1864 – September 12, 1926) was an American architect during the 1890s and the first quarter of the 20th century. He is considered part of the Prairie School-style and was known for blending traditional architecture with the Arts & Crafts-style.

According to architectural historian H. Allen Brooks, "His influence on the Midwest was profound and prolonged and, in its time, was certainly as great as was [Frank Lloyd] Wright's.  Compared with the conventional architecture of the day, his work showed considerable freedom and originality, and his interiors were notable for their open and flowing...space".

Maher was elected a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects in 1916.
Rock Canyon High School
Rock Canyon High School is a public high school in Highlands Ranch, Colorado. Located in the southeast corner of Highlands ranch Colorado, Rock Canyon is located just north of Rocky heights middle school. It is part of Douglas County School District RE-1.

Douglas County School District (Colorado)
Douglas County School District Re. 1 is a school district that serves Douglas County, Colorado. The district was formed in 1958 by the consolidation of 17 smaller school districts, adding the "Re. 1" to its name to note the district's first reorganization.

The district's boundary includes all of Douglas County, as well as a section of Elbert County.
Sanmu
Sanmu (山武市, Sanmu-shi) is a city located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan.   As of 1 November 2020, the city had an estimated population of  50,321 in  22,397 households and a population density of 340 inhabitants per square kilometre (880/sq mi). The total area of the city is 146.38 square kilometres (56.52 sq mi).

Kujūkuri Beach
Kujūkuri Beach (九十九里浜, Kujūkuri-hama) is a sandy beach that occupies much of the northeast coast of the Bōsō Peninsula in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Kujūkuri Beach is a popular swimming and surfing destination for inhabitants of Greater Tokyo. The beach is protected as part of Kujūkuri Prefectural Natural Park.

The beach is approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) long, making it the second longest beach in Japan.
Cassini's laws
Cassini's laws provide a compact description of the motion of the Moon. They were established in 1693 by Giovanni Domenico Cassini, a prominent scientist of his time.

Refinements of these laws to include physical librations have been made, and they have been generalized to treat other satellites and planets.

Libration
In lunar astronomy, libration is the cyclic variation in the apparent position of the Moon that is perceived by observers on the Earth and caused by changes between the orbital and rotational planes of the moon. It causes an observer to see slightly different hemispheres of the surface at different times. It is similar in both cause and effect to the changes in the Moon's apparent size because of changes in distance. It is caused by three mechanisms detailed below, two of which cause a relatively tiny physical libration via tidal forces exerted by the Earth. Such true librations are known as well for other moons with locked rotation.

The quite different phenomenon of a trojan asteroid's movement has been called Trojan libration, and Trojan libration point means Lagrangian point.
Avec pas d'casque
Avec pas d'casque is a folk band from Montreal, Quebec, Canada, composed of members Stéphane Lafleur, Joël Vaudreuil, Nicolas Moussette, and Mathieu Charbonneau. The band's French name literally means "with no helmet" and derives from an expression referring to hockey players who don't wear helmets, popularized by Jean Dion, a Québécois sports journalist for Le Devoir.

Joël Vaudreuil
Joël Vaudreuil is a Canadian musician and animator from Quebec. He is most noted for his short film The River's Lazy Flow (Le courant faible de la rivière), which won the Jutra Award for Best Animated Short Film at the 16th Jutra Awards in 2014, and his full-length animated feature film When Adam Changes (Adam change lentement).

In addition to his film work, he has also been a drummer in the folk rock band Avec pas d'casque, whose members include his film industry colleagues Stéphane Lafleur, Mathieu Charbonneau and Nicolas Moussette, and has created animated music videos for Avec pas d'casque, Malajube, Timber Timbre and Patrick Watson.
Battle of Agrigentum (456)
The Battle of Agrigentum was fought in 456 A.D. at Agrigentum, now Agrigento in modern-day Sicily. An army of the Western Roman Empire, led by the general Ricimer, drove off an invading force, a fleet of sixty ships, sent by the Vandal king Gaiseric to raid Sicily. Ricimer then led the Roman fleet against the Vandals and defeated them in a naval battle off the coast of Corsica. The victory gave the Romans only temporary relief from Vandal raids.

Ricimer
Ricimer  (/ˈrɪsɪmər/ RISS-im-ər, Latin: [ˈrɪkɪmɛr]; c. 418 – 19 August 472) was a Romanized Germanic general, who ruled the remaining territory of the Western Roman Empire from 456 after defeating Avitus, until his death in 472, with a brief interlude in which he contested power with Procopius Anthemius. Deriving his power from his position as magister militum of the Western Empire, Ricimer exercised political control through a series of puppet emperors. Ricimer's death led to unrest across Italy and the establishment of a Germanic kingdom on the Italian Peninsula.