hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tanaka Tatsuo
Tanaka Tatsuo (Japanese: 田中 龍夫, Tanaka Tatsuo; 20 September 1910 – 30 March 1998) was a Japanese politician and baron who served as Minister of Education from 1980 to 1981 and Minister of International Trade and Industry from 1976 to 1977.

He was the eldest son of Prime Minister Tanaka Giichi.

Tanaka Giichi
Baron Tanaka Giichi (Japanese: 田中 義一; IPA: [ta̠na̠ka̠ ɡʲiːt͡ɕi]; 22 June 1864 – 29 September 1929) was a Japanese general and politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1927 to 1929.

Born to a samurai family in the Chōshū Domain, Tanaka became an officer in the Imperial Japanese Army and rose through the ranks. He served as Minister of the Army under Prime Ministers Hara Takashi and Yamamoto Gonnohyōe. After retiring from active duty he accepted the presidency of the Rikken Seiyūkai, a major conservative party. Following the resignation of the Wakatsuki Cabinet in 1927, Tanaka was appointed Prime Minister. In foreign affairs, he pursued a hawkish policy; in domestic affairs, he sought to suppress communist and socialist movements. Criticised for his handling of the unauthorised assassination of Zhang Zuolin by a Kwangtung Army officer, he resigned in 1929 and died soon afterwards.
Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 5
Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 5 is a 2015 skateboarding video game developed in a collaboration between Robomodo and Disruptive Games, and published by Activision. The tenth main installment in the Tony Hawk's series, the game is the first new title in the main series since 2007's Proving Ground and the first Pro Skater since 2002's Pro Skater 4, as the series had been put on hold following a lack of critical and commercial success with later games.

As the licensing deal between Tony Hawk and Activision was set to expire by the end of 2015, the game was hastily developed within a few months and released unfinished, with most content contained in a large day-one patch. As a result, the game was panned heavily by critics upon release, with criticism centering on its graphics, bugs and glitches, controls, and lack of design, although slight praise fell toward the game's soundtrack. It became Robomodo's final game, as the company went out of business in August 2016.

Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4
Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4 is a 2002 skateboarding game developed by Neversoft and published by Activision under their Activision O2 label. The game was ported by different developers to various systems. It is the fourth installment in the Tony Hawk's series. The game was released in 2002 for the GameCube, PlayStation, PlayStation 2, Xbox, and Game Boy Advance. In 2003, it was released for Windows and Mac OS X by developer Beenox and publisher Aspyr. In 2004, a Tapwave Zodiac version was released. Another port of the Game Boy Advance version was also released as a launch title for the digiBLAST, a Linux-based handheld console for children released in 2005.

A remake of the game is included as part of Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3 + 4, released in 2025.
Interstate 670 (Kansas–Missouri)
Interstate 670 (I-670) is a 2.81-mile-long (4.52 km) connector highway between I-70 in Kansas City, Kansas, and I-70 in Kansas City, Missouri. The highway provides a more direct route through Downtown Kansas City than the older mainline I-70 and avoids the sharp turn (and reduced speed limit) of the latter at the west end of the Intercity Viaduct. I-670 also makes up the south side of Kansas City's Downtown Loop, where it passes under the southern half of the Kansas City Convention Center.

The road crosses the Kansas River and the West Bottoms, the former location of the Kansas City Stockyards, on the I-670 Viaduct. The leg of the highway west of I-35 is known as the Jay B. Dillingham Freeway. Jay B. Dillingham was a former president of the Stockyards.

Interstate 35 in Missouri
Interstate 35 (I-35) is an Interstate Highway that stretches from Laredo, Texas, in the south to Duluth in the north. The portion of it through Missouri travels nearly 115 miles (185 km) from just south of Kansas City, through the Downtown Loop, and across the Missouri River before leaving the downtown area. North of Kansas City, the highway travels north-northeast toward the Iowa state line near Eagleville, paralleling U.S. Route 69 (US 69).
The Magic (book)
The Magic is a 2012 self-help and spirituality book written by Rhonda Byrne. It is the third book in The Secret series. The book was released on March 6, 2012, as a paperback and e-book. The book is available in 41 languages.

The Secret (Byrne book)
The Secret is a 2006 self-help book by Rhonda Byrne, based on the earlier film of the same name. It is based on the belief of the supernatural law of attraction, which claims that thought alone can influence objective circumstances within one's life. The book alleges energy as assurance of its effectiveness. The book has sold 30 million copies worldwide and has been translated into 50 languages. Scientific claims made in the book have been rejected by a range of critics, who argue that the book has no scientific foundation.
Victor Girardey
Victor Jean Baptiste Girardey (June 26, 1837 – August 16, 1864) was a Confederate States Army officer during the American Civil War. He was promoted from Captain to temporary Brigadier General less than a month before his death in battle. Girardey had served as a staff officer from the beginning of the war until August 3, 1864. Then, he was promoted to temporary brigadier general, to rank from July 30, 1864, and assumed command of Ambrose R. Wright's former brigade on the Darbytown Road on the eastern end of the defenses of Richmond, Virginia. On August 16, 1864, during the Second Battle of Deep Bottom, Girardey was killed in action near Fussell's Mill in Henrico County, Virginia.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Checkmate (Jadakiss song)
"Checkmate" is a song by the American rapper Jadakiss, released as a promotional single on March 9, 2005, by Ruff Ryders Entertainment/Interscope Records. The song uses the instrumental "Air It Out" from Big Noyd's album Only the Strong, produced by The Alchemist.

"Checkmate" is a diss track aimed at 50 Cent, a response to 50 Cent's diss track "Piggy Bank". "Checkmate" was in heavy rotation on hip-hop radio and reached number 56 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

Piggy Bank (song)
"Piggy Bank" is the fifth track from 50 Cent's second album, The Massacre. It was not released as a single, but charted at eighty-eight on the Billboard Hot 100 due to controversy over its attack on long-time rival Ja Rule, as well as Jadakiss and Fat Joe, who had worked with Ja Rule on his song "New York". The song also takes lyrical swipes at rappers Shyne, Kelis, Sheek Louch, Cassidy, Lil' Kim (who featured 50 Cent on her song "Magic Stick") and Nas. He also mentions Tupac Shakur, Jay-Z, Mobb Deep and Michael Jackson in the song, but not negatively.
Tantalus Provincial Park
Tantalus Provincial Park is a provincial park located in the Tantalus Range overlooking Squamish Valley in British Columbia, Canada. It was established on December 19, 1998 to protect a large area of pristine alpine wilderness.

Squamish River
The Squamish River is a short but very large river in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Its drainage basin is 3,328 square kilometres (1,285 sq mi) in size. The total length of the Squamish River is approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi).
Palm Island Aboriginal Settlement
Palm Island Aboriginal Settlement, later officially known as  Director of Native Affairs Office, Palm Island and also known as Palm Island Aboriginal Reserve, Palm Island mission and Palm Island Dormitory, was an Aboriginal reserve and penal settlement on Great Palm Island, the main island in the Palm Island group in North Queensland, Australia. It was the largest and most punitive reserve in Queensland.

Gazetted in 1914, the first residents were only moved there in March 1918 from the Hull River Aboriginal Settlement after that reserve was destroyed by a cyclone. The settlement continued under government control in various forms until 1975. Palm Island was mentioned in the Bringing Them Home Report as an institution that housed children removed from their families, part of the Stolen Generation.

Hull River Aboriginal Settlement
Hull River Aboriginal Settlement, sometimes incorrectly referred to as Hull River Aboriginal Mission, was an Aboriginal reserve established in 1914, located at the present location of Mission Beach in the Hull River National Park, Queensland, Australia.

Built on the land of the Djiru people, Aboriginal people from surrounding areas were brought there for their "protection" as well as disciplinary reasons, creating a population of up to 400 residents. The settlement was destroyed by a huge cyclone in 1918, and surviving residents were transferred to the new settlement at Great Palm Island.
Rüsselsheim station
Rüsselsheim station is a transit station in the town of Rüsselsheim am Main in the German state of Hesse on the Main Railway from Mainz to Frankfurt am Main. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 3 station. The station is served by the Rhine-Main S-Bahn and by regional trains. There is another station in Rüsselsheim, Rüsselsheim-Opelwerk station, which is served by S-Bahn trains only.

The station was opened in 1863. The Rüsselsheim train disaster occurred near the station on 2 February 1990, killing 17 persons and severely injuring 145.

Mainz Hauptbahnhof
Mainz Hauptbahnhof ("Mainz main station", formerly known as Centralbahnhof Mainz) is a railway station for the city of Mainz in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is used by about 60,000 travelers and visitors each day and is therefore by far the busiest station in Rhineland-Palatinate. The station was a trial area for a CCTV scheme using automated face recognition.
Progradungula otwayensis
Progradungula otwayensis, commonly known as the Otway odd-clawed spider, is a species of cribellate spider endemic to the Great Otway National Park of  Victoria, Australia. It is one of only three species in the gradungulid genus Progradungula.

Odd-clawed spiders are medium-sized to large spiders, with an approximate body length of 10 to 15 mm (0.39 to 0.59 in) and a leg span of 72 to 77 mm (2.8 to 3.0 in). They are lightly pigmented, from yellowish brown to light mauvish gray, with three chevron markings on the rear upper part of their abdomen. Like other gradungulids, their legs are tipped with three claws. These claws are particularly well-developed on the first and second leg pairs and are used for latching unto prey. They are ambush predators, building characteristic ladder-shaped snares close to the ground. They stand head-down on these webs waiting for prey which they then scoop up into these webs to trap them.

Progradungula
Progradungula is a genus of Australian large-clawed spiders that was first described by Raymond Robert Forster and Michael R. Gray in 1979.

The name is derived from Latin pro ("before"), and the genus name Gradungula, referring to the ancient ancestry of the genus. It is the first discovered web-building cribellate spider in a "primitive" araneomorph spider family and helped establish the idea that all araneomorph spiders evolved from cribellate ancestors.

These spiders have an uncommon web-making technique and prey-capturing behaviour. A small (approximately 25 mm × 6 mm (0.98 in × 0.24 in)), tilting, ladder-like platform of cribellate capturing silk is supported by an overhead structure of threads linked to the rock walls and consists of two parallel stabilizing silk lines.
U (streaming service)
U (formerly known as UKTV Play) is UKTV’s free, ad-supported streaming service in the UK, offering on-demand access to programmes from UKTV’s free-to-air channels: U&Dave, U&Drama, U&W and U&Yesterday). The service launched on 4 August 2014. UKTV is operated by the BBC's commercial subsidiary BBC Studios.

U&W
U&W is a British free-to-air television channel owned by UKTV, a subsidiary of BBC Studios. It originally launched on 7 October 2008 as Watch and until 2022 was a pay television channel. From 15 February 2016 to 16 July 2024, the channel was known as W.
Jerry Fuller
Jerrell Lee Fuller (November 19, 1938 – July 18, 2024) was an American songwriter, singer, and record producer, best known for writing several hit songs in the 1960s. Fuller toured as a featured singer with The Champs before leaving to serve in the Army. Fuller's version of "Tennessee Waltz" made No. 63 on the Billboard Hot 100, and earned him an invitation to appear on American Bandstand. Fuller wrote for Ricky Nelson, who had top hits with "Travelin' Man", "A Wonder Like You", "Young World", and "It's Up to You". From 1967-1971, Fuller worked as a music producer at Columbia Records and, in 1970, he started his own Moonchild production company.

The Champs
The Champs were an American rock and roll band, most famous for their Latin-tinged 1958 instrumental single "Tequila". The group took their name from that of Gene Autry's horse, Champion, and was formed by studio executives at Autry's Challenge Records to record a B-side for the Dave Burgess single "Train to Nowhere". The intended throwaway track became more famous than its A-side, as "Tequila" went to number one in just three weeks, and the band became the first group to go to the top spot with an instrumental that was their first release. The song was recorded at Gold Star Studios in fall 1957, and in 1959 won the Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc by the Recording Industry Association of America.
1999–2000 FIG Artistic Gymnastics World Cup series
The 1999–2000 FIG Artistic Gymnastics World Cup series was a series of stages where events in men's and women's artistic gymnastics were contested. The series was a two-year long competition culminating at a final event, the World Cup Final in 2000. A number of qualifier stages were held. The top 3 gymnast in each apparatus at the qualifier events would receive medals and prize money. Gymnasts who finished in the top 8 would also receive points that would be added up to a ranking which would qualify individual gymnasts for the biennial World Cup Final.

2000 FIG Artistic Gymnastics World Cup final
The 2000 Artistic Gymnastics World Cup Final was held in Glasgow, Scotland in 2000. This was the second edition of the World Cup Final. From 1999 to 2000, a series of qualifying events were held, culminating in a final event, the World Cup Final. The different stages, sometimes referred to as World Cup Qualifiers, mostly served the purpose of awarding points to individual gymnasts and groups according to their placements. These points would be added up over the two-year period to qualify a limited number of athletes to the biennial World Cup Final event.
Internet as a source of prior art
In the context of patent law, using the Internet as a source of prior art when assessing whether an invention is novel and inventive (two conditions for patentability), may be problematic if it is difficult to ascertain precisely when information on websites became available to the public.

Inventive step and non-obviousness
The inventive step and non-obviousness reflect a general patentability requirement present in most patent laws, according to which an invention should be sufficiently inventive—i.e., non-obvious—in order to be patented. In other words, "[the] nonobviousness principle asks whether the invention is an adequate distance beyond or above the state of the art".

The expression "inventive step" is used in European Patent Convention and in Patent Cooperation Treaty, while the expression "non-obviousness" is predominantly used in United States patent law. The expression "inventiveness" is sometimes used as well. Although the basic principle is roughly the same, the assessment of the inventive step and non-obviousness varies from one country to another. For instance, the practice of the European Patent Office (EPO) differs from the practice in the United Kingdom.
Andrew Dillon (health administrator)
Sir Andrew Dillon, CBE FMedSci (born 9 May 1954) is a British executive, who was chief executive of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) from 1999 to 2020. His earlier career was spent as an administrator and manager in the National Health Service (NHS).

Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) is an award for medical scientists who are judged by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences for the "excellence of their science, their contribution to medicine and society and the range of their achievements".
Lawangan people
Lawangan or Luangan people are an Dayak ethnic group of the Dusun people (East Barito) group, sometimes also referred to as Dusun Lawangan or Dayak Lawangan. The Lawangan people inhabit the eastern side of Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan, Indonesia. In Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan, the Lawangan people can be found only in Binjai village. They speak Lawangan language, belonging to the Northeast Barito branch.

The organization of this people is Dusmala which is made up of three Dayak sub-ethnic namely, Dusun, Ma'anyan, and Lawangan. Most of them are followers of Kaharingan, the local religion of the Dayaks. However, since the Dutch colonial era, especially after Indonesian independence, many of them converted to religions officially recognized by the Indonesian government, especially Christianity, and some others adhere to Islam.

Dayak people
The Dayak (/ˈdaɪ.ək/ ⓘ; older spelling: Dajak), Dyak, Dayuh or Dayaknese, are the Austronesian ethnic groups native of Borneo. It is a loose term for over 200 riverine and hill-dwelling ethnic groups, located principally in the central and southern interior of Borneo, each with its own dialect, customs, laws, territory, and culture, although common distinguishing traits are readily identifiable. The Dayak were animist (Kaharingan and Folk Hindus) in belief; however, since the 19th century there has been mass conversion to Christianity and to Islam.
Miss South Africa 2014
Miss South Africa 2014 was the 56th edition of the Miss South Africa pageant, held at the Sun City Superbowl in Rustenburg, on March 30, 2014.

The pageant was won by Rolene Strauss who, in the December of the same year, was also crowned Miss World. Strauss' winning of the Miss World title made her ineligible for Miss Universe; this led to Miss South Africa 2014 first runner up Ziphozakhe Zokufa being crowned Miss South Africa, to allow Zokufa  to compete for the Miss Universe 2014 crown.

Miss World 2014
Miss World 2014 was the 64th edition of the Miss World pageant, held at ExCeL London in London, United Kingdom, on 14 December 2014.

Megan Young of the Philippines crowned Rolene Strauss of South Africa as her successor at the end of the event. This is the second time that South Africa has won the title outright and the third time they have held the title.
McWorld
McWorld is a term referring to the spread of McDonald's restaurants through the world as the result of globalization, and more generally to the effects of international "McDonaldization" of services and commercialization of goods as an element of globalization as a whole. The name also refers to a 1990s advertising campaign for McDonald's, and a children's website launched by the firm in 2008.

McDonaldization
McDonaldization is a McWord. The McWord concept was first proposed by sociologist George Ritzer in his 1983 article in the Journal of American Culture and developed in his 1993 book The McDonaldization of Society. McDonaldization is a reconceptualization of rationalization and scientific management. Where Max Weber used the model of the bureaucracy to represent the direction of this changing society, Ritzer sees the fast-food restaurant as a more representative contemporary paradigm. Critiques of the McDonaldization thesis include Ahuvia and Izberk-Bilgi’s analysis of a countertrend they call eBayization, and Alexander’s argument that McDonaldization is a paralysing concept and ignores more person-centred models such as cooperatives or the Toyota Production System.
Bobby Cole (musician)
Bobby Cole (September 8, 1932 – December 19, 1996) was an American musician, known for his jazz singing and piano playing. He was also a jazz composer and arranger. He worked as a musical arranger for The Judy Garland Show hosted by Judy Garland, succeeding Mel Tormé. He conducted the orchestra for her 1967 "Palace" concerts and album and was the conductor and musical director on her last tour.

Mel Tormé
Melvin Howard Tormé (September 13, 1925 – June 5, 1999), nicknamed "the Velvet Fog", was an American musician, singer, composer, arranger, drummer, actor, and author. He composed the music for "The Christmas Song" ("Chestnuts Roasting on an Open Fire") and co-wrote the lyrics with Bob Wells. Tormé won two Grammy Awards and was nominated a total of 14 times.
Diocese of Connor
The Diocese of Connor, Territory of Dalriada, was established in the Synod of Rathbreasail in 1111.  The diocese itself was erected in 480.  Tradition holds that St. Patrick herded sheep on Slemish, in the heart of the Diocese, when first brought to Ireland as a slave. St. Malachy, the great reformer of the Irish church, was consecrated Bishop of Connor in 1124 and remained until his translation to the Archbishopric of Armagh in 1132.

The Diocese of Connor is an ecclesiastical jurisdiction in the Church of Ireland: the Anglican community in Ireland. In the Roman Catholic Church, the diocese is part of the Diocese of Down and Connor.

Diocese of Down and Connor (Roman Catholic)

Diocese of Connor (Church of Ireland)

Roman Catholic Diocese of Down and Connor
The Diocese of Down and Connor, (Latin: Dioecesis Dunensis et Connorensis; Irish: Deoise an Dúin agus Chonaire) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Northern Ireland. It is one of eight suffragan dioceses in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Armagh. The diocese is led by Bishop Alan McGuckian.
Chakawa and Kawuri attacks
The Chakawa and Kawuri were a set of terrorist massacres that occurred in January 2014 at Kawuri, Borno state and in Chakawa village, Madagali Local Government Area, Adamawa State respectively (on 2 separate occasions in the latter location). All of the attacks have been blamed on Boko Haram.

On 31 January, a pastor and 10 members of his congregation were killed in Chakawa.

Kawuri massacre
The Kawuri massacre happened on 26 January 2014 in Kawuri, a village in Konduga Local Government Area, 37 kilometers southeast of Maiduguri in Borno State, northeastern Nigeria. About 50 insurgents attacked civilians with bombs and guns. They burned down houses and kidnapped women. The final death toll was put at 85.

The attackers are believed to be from jihadist group Boko Haram. Their activities in Konduga include a mass shooting in 2013, a massacre in February 2014, battles in 2014 and 2015, as well as suicide bombings in 2018 and 2019.