hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
House of Khumalo
The House of Khumalo is the reigning royal family of the former Mthwakazi Kingdom (modern day Matabeleland). The Mthwakazi Kingdom was founded in 1823 by Mzilikazi kaMatshobana. While the Mthwakazi Kingdom ended in 1894 with the First Matabele War, The house has endured to the present day.

Mthwakazi
Mthwakazi is the traditional name of the Northern Ndebele people and their kingdom in what is now Matebeleland, Zimbabwe. The kingdom was located between the Sanyati  and Limpopo rivers. Additionally, Mthwakazi is widely used to refer to inhabitants of Matebeleland Province in Zimbabwe.
Daisy L. Hung
Hung Lan (simplified Chinese: 洪兰; traditional Chinese: 洪蘭; pinyin: Hóng Lán; born March 29, 1947), also known by her English name Daisy Hung, is a Taiwanese cognitive psychologist and lawyer. She is the founding director of the Institute of Neuroscience at the National Central University in Taiwan. Her research areas are involved with cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, neuropsychology and neurolinguistics. In addition to conducting research, Hung also translates scientific works, educates children on reading habits and lectures on her research topics.

Cognitive psychology
Cognitive psychology is the scientific study of human mental processes such as attention, language use, memory, perception, problem solving, creativity, and reasoning. Cognitive psychology originated in the 1960s in a break from behaviorism, which held from the 1920s to 1950s that unobservable mental processes were outside the realm of empirical science. This break came as researchers in linguistics, cybernetics, and applied psychology used models of mental processing to explain human behavior. Work derived from cognitive psychology was integrated into other branches of psychology and various other modern disciplines like cognitive science, linguistics, and economics.
Best! (Jellyfish album)
Best! is a greatest hits compilation by the 1990s pop band Jellyfish. The album was released in 2006 and featured twenty tracks. Twelve tracks were pulled from the band's two studio albums, Bellybutton and Spilt Milk. Four were live tracks, including a cover of Badfinger's "No Matter What," and two were demo recordings from the Spilt Milk session. "Ignorance is Bliss" was taken from Nintendo: White Knuckle Scorin', a various artists compilation with an accompanying storybook inspired by the video game Super Mario World. "Think About Your Troubles" was drawn from a 1995 Nilsson tribute album.

Bellybutton (album)
Bellybutton is the debut album by American rock band Jellyfish, released on July 27, 1990, on Charisma Records. It was recorded after Andy Sturmer and Roger Manning's departure from Beatnik Beatch and Jason Falkner's departure from the Three O'Clock. The album was recorded in Schnee Studios in North Hollywood and produced by Albhy Galuten and Jack Joseph Puig.

Bellybutton was released to critical acclaim and peaked at No. 124 on US charts. "Baby's Coming Back" was covered by the British band McFly in 2007, which reached No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart. An expanded deluxe edition was released by Omnivore Recordings in 2015.
Maciej Zieliński (basketball)
Maciej Zieliński (born 5 January 1971) is a Polish former professional basketball player. He is known as one of the all-time greats in Polish basketball. He studied in the United States at Providence College. With the national team he participated at EuroBasket 1991 and EuroBasket 1997, as the Polish national team finished seventh in both tournaments. He played vast majority of his professional career with Śląsk Wrocław, where he became a multiple Polish champion and the Polish Basketball League Most Valuable Player.

After retiring from basketball, Zieliński went into politics, serving as a member of the Sejm in 2011, and that same year was named president of the Śląsk Wrocław basketball team.

PLK Most Valuable Player
The PLK Most Valuable Player award is given annually at the end of the regular season of the Polish Basketball League (PLK), the highest professional basketball league in Poland, to the most valuable player of the league. Originally, the award was given by the now defunct Polish I Liga (Polish League 1), and was called the Polish League 1 Player of the Year. The current award, given by the Polish PLK League, began when that league started, with the 1995–96 season.
U Sports women's basketball championship
The U Sports Women's Basketball Championship, branded as the Women's Basketball Final 8, is a Canadian university basketball tournament conducted by U Sports, and determines the women's national champion. The tournament involves the champions from each of Canada's four regional sports conferences. The Bronze Baby trophy is awarded to the winners.

Seventeen different schools have won the tournament. The University of Victoria has the most tournament wins, with nine. Laurentian University has seven championships. The University of British Columbia has taken the title six times, while the University of Windsor and Simon Fraser University have five apiece. Carleton University, the University of Winnipeg, the University of Saskatchewan and University of Manitoba have each won three championships, while Bishop's University and have won two. Seven programs have one national championship.

U Sports
U Sports (stylized as U SPORTS) is the national sport governing body for universities in Canada, comprising the majority of degree-granting universities in the country and four regional conferences: Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), Canada West (CW), and Atlantic University Sport (AUS). The equivalent body for organized sports at colleges in Canada is the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). Some institutions are members of both bodies for different sports.
K-104 (Kansas highway)
K-104 is a 2.275-mile-long (3.661 km) state highway in Saline County in the U.S. State of Kansas. It is signed east–west even though the majority of the route runs north–south. The route begins at a junction with Interstate 135 (I-135) and U.S. Route 81 (US-81), at I-135 exit 86, to a junction with K-4. It has an annual average daily traffic of between 1000 and 1300 and is paved with composite pavement. The highway is not a part of the National Highway System. The route was established around 1967, and has not been changed since.

Interstate 135
Interstate 135 (I-135) is an approximately 95.7-mile-long (154.0 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway in central and south-central Kansas, United States. I-135, which is signed as north–south, runs between I-35 and the Kansas Turnpike in Wichita north to I-70, U.S. Highway 40 (US-40), and US-81 in Salina. Except for the first 0.46 miles (0.74 km), I-135 overlaps US-81 its entire length. The route also runs through the cities of McPherson, Newton, and Park City.

The highway was designated as Interstate 35W (I-35W) until September 1976, when it was renumbered as I-135 to conform to new AASHTO policies that eliminated most suffixed Interstate Highways. It is currently the longest three-digit spur with an odd first digit in the Interstate System.
Team Origin
Team Origin was Great Britain's bid to compete in the 33rd and 34th America's Cups. It was launched in January 2007  but stopped running the racing team in 2010. The syndicate was founded by Sir Keith Mills, also known for being the deputy chairman for the organizing committee of the London 2012 Olympic bid. Grant Simmer was the CEO and the team competed under the burgee of the Royal Thames Yacht Club.

Britain's involvement in the America's Cup dates back to the very start when the Aurora was second in the original race won by America in 1851. Britain has unsuccessfully challenged many times since.

Ben Ainslie went on to form Ben Ainslie Racing (BAR) in 2012 to compete in the 2017 America's Cup.

2013 America's Cup
The 34th America's Cup was a series of yacht races held in San Francisco Bay in September 2013. The series was contested between the defender Oracle Team USA team representing the Golden Gate Yacht Club, and the challenger Emirates Team New Zealand representing the Royal New Zealand Yacht Squadron.

The format was changed radically to a best of 17, and Oracle Team USA defended the America's Cup by a score of 9 to 8 after Team New Zealand had built an 8 to 1 lead. Team New Zealand won the right to challenge for the Cup by previously winning the 2013 Louis Vuitton Cup. The 34th America's Cup's race schedule was the longest ever, in terms of number of days and number of races, and the first since the 25th America's Cup to feature both teams in a match point situation.
Luigi Ciotti
Don Pio Luigi Ciotti OMRI (born 10 September 1945), is an Italian Catholic priest belonging to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Turin, involved in the fight against illegality and organized crime such as the Mafia.

Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian: Ordine al merito della Repubblica Italiana) is the most senior Italian order of merit. It was established in 1951 by the second president of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi.

The highest-ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of science, literature, arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers.

The order effectively replaced national orders such as the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362).
Battle of Glendale (Skye)
The Battle of Glendale was fought on the Inner Hebridean Isle of Skye when the MacDonalds of Sleat and the MacDonalds of Clanranald clashed with the MacLeods of Harris and Dunvegan and the MacLeods of Lewis. According to MacLeod tradition preserved in the early 19th century, the battle was fought in about the year 1490, though more recent scholarship suggests that the battle more likely took place sometime after 1513. MacLeod tradition records that the battle was the 'most tremendous battle' that the clan ever fought—although the clan was victorious, it never fully recovered from its severe losses. MacLeod tradition also relates how the MacDonalds originally had the upper hand during the conflict, but when Clan MacLeod's sacred Fairy Flag was unfurled the MacLeods gained heart and won the battle.

Clan Macdonald of Clanranald
Clan Macdonald of Clanranald, also known as Clan Ranald (Scottish Gaelic: Clann Raghnaill [ˈkʰl̪ˠãũn̪ˠ ˈrˠɤ̃ː.ɪʎ]), is a Highland Scottish clan and a branch of Clan Donald, one of the largest Scottish clans. The founder of the Macdonalds of Clanranald is Reginald, 4th great-grandson of Somerled. The Macdonalds of Clanranald descend from Reginald's elder son Allan and the MacDonells of Glengarry descend from his younger son Donald.

The clan chief of the MacDonalds of Clanranald is traditionally designated as The Captain of Clanranald and "Son of Ailein's son" (Scottish Gaelic: Mac Mhic Ailein) and today both the chief and clan are recognised by the Lord Lyon King of Arms, the heraldic judge in Scotland.
Siege of Coron (1533–1534)
The siege of Coron in 1533–1534 was a two-part attempt by the Ottoman Empire the recapture of the fortress of Koroni (Coron) in Messenia, Greece, by the Ottoman Empire, after the fortress was occupied by Emperor Charles V's army in 1532.

The first of the sieges was unsuccessful, with an imperial armada under Andrea Doria routing the Ottoman armada under Lütfi Pasha. The event highlighted the weakness of the Ottoman Navy at that time. Admiral and historian Edmond Jurien de La Gravière considered it one of the most skillful naval operations of the 16th century. After the battle, however, the imperial court saw the place too costly to defend and did not reinforce it, and during a second siege the following year, it was abandoned.

Messenia
Messenia or Messinia (/məˈsiːniə/ mə-SEE-nee-ə; Greek: Μεσσηνία [mesiˈni.a]) is a regional unit (perifereiaki enotita) in the southwestern part of the Peloponnese region, in Greece. Until the implementation of the Kallikratis plan on 1 January 2011, Messenia was a prefecture (nomos) covering the same territory. The capital and largest city of Messenia is Kalamata.
GeForce 900 series
The GeForce 900 series is a family of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia, succeeding the GeForce 700 series and serving as the high-end introduction to the Maxwell microarchitecture, named after James Clerk Maxwell. They were produced with TSMC's 28 nm process.

With Maxwell, the successor to Kepler, Nvidia expected three major outcomes: improved graphics capabilities, simplified programming, and better energy efficiency compared to the GeForce 700 series and GeForce 600 series.

Maxwell was announced in September 2010, with the first Maxwell-based GeForce consumer-class products released in early 2014.

GeForce 600 series
The GeForce 600 series is a series of graphics processing units developed by Nvidia, first released in 2012. It served as the introduction of the Kepler architecture. It is succeeded by the GeForce 700 series.
Jinai-tō
Jinai-tō (地内島, Jinaijima) is a volcanic, deserted island located in the Philippine Sea approximately 220 kilometres (140 mi) south of Tokyo and offshore Niijima, in the northern portion of the Izu archipelago, Japan.

Uninhabited island
An uninhabited island, desert island, or deserted island, is an island, islet or atoll which lacks permanent human population. Uninhabited islands are often depicted in films or stories about shipwrecked people, and are also used as stereotypes for the idea of "paradise". Some uninhabited islands are protected as nature reserves, and some are privately owned. Devon Island in Canada's far north is the largest uninhabited island in the world.

Small coral atolls or islands usually have no source of fresh water, but occasionally a freshwater lens can be reached with a well.
Visa policy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean
A common visa exists since the end of 2010 for the territories of Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten (landen (English: countries) within the Kingdom) and the Caribbean Netherlands (Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, which are part of the country the Netherlands) which form together the territory of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean. The visa is not valid for the European part of the Netherlands, which is part of the Schengen Area.

Dutch Caribbean
The Dutch Caribbean (historically known as the Dutch West Indies) are the New World territories, colonies, and countries (former and current) of the Dutch colonial empire and the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in the Caribbean Sea, mainly the northern and southwestern regions of the Lesser Antilles archipelago.

The Dutch Caribbean comprises the constituent countries of Curaçao, Aruba and Sint Maarten (the 'CAS' islands) and the special municipalities of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (BES islands). The term "Dutch Caribbean" is sometimes also used for the Caribbean Netherlands, an entity consisting of the three special municipalities forming part of the constituent country of the Netherlands since 2010. The population of the Dutch Caribbean is 337,617 as of January 2019.
4th "Ali Demi" Battalion
The 4th "Ali Demi" Battalion (Albanian: Batallioni IV "Ali Demi", Greek: Δ' Τάγμα "Αλή Ντέμη") was a battalion under the 15th Regiment of Greek People's Liberation Army, founded during the Second World War. It comprised both from Cham Albanians and Greeks, of the region of Epirus and was established in May 1944.

ELAS
The Greek People's Liberation Army (Greek: Ελληνικός Λαϊκός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός (ΕΛΑΣ), Ellinikós Laïkós Apeleftherotikós Stratós; ELAS) was the military arm of the left-wing National Liberation Front (EAM) during the period of the Greek resistance until February 1945, when, following the Dekemvriana clashes and the Varkiza Agreement, it was disarmed and disbanded. ELAS was the largest and most significant of the military organizations of the Greek resistance.
Hired armed cutter Earl Spencer
Three hired armed cutters named Earl Spencer served the British Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary or Napoleonic Wars. Two, both cutters, served at the same time between 1799 and 1801. A third, variously referred to as a tender or cutter, served from 1803 to 1814.

Hired armed vessels
During the 18th and 19th centuries, the Royal Navy made use of a large number of hired armed vessels. These were generally smaller vessels, often cutters and luggers, that the Royal Navy used for duties ranging from carrying despatches and passengers to convoy escort, particularly in British coastal waters, and reconnaissance.
Princess Louisa Inlet
Princess Louisa Inlet is a fjord on British Columbia’s Sunshine Coast and within the swiya (world, "Territory") of the shíshálh Nation.

The inlet is 6 km (3.7 mi) in length and lies at the northeastern end of the Queens Reach of Jervis Inlet. The Malibu Rapids form the entrance of the inlet.

Princess Louisa Marine Provincial Park, established in 1964, is located at the head of the inlet. The park is home to James Bruce Falls and Chatterbox Falls along Loquilts Creek, a large stream that flows into the head of the inlet.

Shíshálh Nation
shíshálh Nation (also spelled Shishalh) is a First Nation located on the Sunshine Coast of British Columbia, Canada. Their swiya (world, 'Territory’) comprises 515,000 hectares that stretches from xwesam (Roberts Creek) in the southeast, to x̱enichen (Jervis Inlet) in the north, to kwekwenis (Lang Bay) in the southwest.
Innes FitzGerald
Innes FitzGerald (born 6 April 2006) is a British track and field athlete and cross country runner. She is the 2023, 2024 and 2025 European U20 Cross Country champion both individually and in the team event. In 2025 she won bronze in both the 3000 metres at the British Indoor Athletics Championships and in the 5000 metres at the UK Athletics Championships, before becoming European U20 champion in both the 3000 metres and 5,000 metres.

2025 European Cross Country Championships
The 2025 European Cross Country Championships was the 31st edition of the cross country running competition for European athletes. It was held on 14 December 2025 in Lagoa, Portugal. The competition consisted of seven races and thirteen medal events; each of the six individual events (junior, under-23 and senior races for both men and women) also included a team classification based on aggregate finishing positions, while a thirteenth event, a mixed relay, was also held.
Oregon Route 227
Oregon Route 227 was an American state highway which originally ran from the city of Canyonville, Oregon to the community of Trail.  In 1985, the highway was truncated at the Douglas–Jackson county line; only the southern section remained under state control.  It was known as the Tiller–Trail Highway No. 230 (see Oregon highways and routes).

Jackson County, Oregon
Jackson County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 223,259. The county seat is Medford. The county is named for Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States. Jackson County comprises the Medford, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area. There are 11 incorporated cities and 34 unincorporated communities in Jackson County; the largest is Medford, which has been the county seat since 1927.
Springbrook High School
Springbrook High School is an American public high school, located in Montgomery County, Maryland, in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. It is located within the White Oak census-designated place, and has a Silver Spring mailing address. It is between the Colesville and White Oak communities.

Springbrook is a member of Montgomery County's Northeast Consortium, composed of Springbrook, James Hubert Blake and Paint Branch high schools, allowing students from the communities of Ashton, Burnt Mills, Burtonsville, Calverton, Cloverly, Colesville, Fairland, Spencerville, southern Olney, Hillandale, and White Oak to choose between the three schools.

Springbrook was constructed in 1960 and named after the upper Northwest Branch spring-fed tributary that runs next to its property. The school was renovated in the early 1990s and reopened in 1994.

As of 2024, the school holds 1,838 students. The total minority enrollment is 95%.

Washington metropolitan area
The Washington metropolitan area (also referred to as the National Capital Region, Greater Washington, or locally as the DMV, short for District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia) is the metropolitan area comprising Washington, D.C., the federal capital of the United States, and its surroundings. The metropolitan area includes all of Washington, D.C., and parts of Maryland, Virginia and even West Virginia.

The United States federal government defines the area as the Washington–DC, VA–MD–WV metropolitan statistical area. It anchors the southern end of the densely populated Northeast megalopolis and is part of the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area, the country's third-largest. The area's estimated total population of 6,304,975 (as of 2023) makes it the country's seventh-most populous metropolitan area. It is one of the country's most educated and affluent metropolitan areas.
Porcupine Branch
The Porcupine Branch is a railway line in the province of Ontario, in Canada. It runs 24 miles (39 km) from a junction with the Ontario Northland Railway main line in Iroquois Falls to Porcupine, Ontario. The line formerly continued west to Timmins. It is owned and operated by the Ontario Northland Railway.

Iroquois Falls
Iroquois Falls is a town in Northern Ontario, Canada, with a population of 4,418 at the 2021 Canadian census.

The town centre lies 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) east of Highway 11 on the banks of the Abitibi River, west of Lake Abitibi. Timmins, one of the largest cities in northern Ontario, is approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) to the southwest. The following communities are also within the municipal boundaries: Monteith, Nellie Lake, and Porquis Junction.

Iroquois Falls' primary industry was a large mill producing newsprint and commercial printing papers.  In December 2014, the owner, Resolute Forest Products, announced its permanent closure. There are also three hydro-electric dams nearby.  The Monteith Correctional Complex, a provincial prison serving a regional catchment area, is located in the community of Monteith (named for Samuel Nelson Monteith).
Johann Ludwig Karl Heinrich von Struve
Johann Ludwig Karl Heinrich von Struve (August 9, 1812  – March 3, 1898) was the youngest son of the large brood of children of Johann Christoph Gustav von Struve and Sibilla Christiane Friederike von Hochstetter; part of the Struve family and brother to Gustav Struve.

Gustav Struve
Gustav Struve, known as Gustav von Struve until he gave up his title (11 October 1805 – 21 August 1870), was a German surgeon, politician, lawyer and publicist, and a revolutionary during the German revolutions of 1848–1849 in Baden, Germany. He also spent over a decade in the United States and was active there as a reformer.