hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gauge vector–tensor gravity
Gauge vector–tensor gravity (GVT) is a relativistic generalization of Mordehai Milgrom's modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) paradigm where gauge fields cause the MOND behavior. The former covariant realizations of MOND such as the Bekenstein's tensor–vector–scalar gravity and the Moffat's scalar–tensor–vector gravity attribute MONDian behavior to some scalar fields.  GVT is the first example wherein the MONDian behavior is mapped to the gauge vector fields.
The main features of GVT can be summarized as follows:

As it is derived from the action principle, GVT respects conservation laws;

In the weak-field approximation of the spherically symmetric, static solution, GVT reproduces the MOND acceleration formula;

It can accommodate gravitational lensing.

It is in total agreement with the Einstein–Hilbert action in the strong and Newtonian gravities.

Its dynamical degrees of freedom are:

Two gauge fields:  ;

A metric, .

Scalar–tensor–vector gravity
Scalar–tensor–vector gravity (STVG) is a modified theory of gravity developed by John Moffat, a researcher at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics in Waterloo, Ontario. The theory is also often referred to by the acronym MOG (MOdified Gravity).
James Dunsmuir
James Dunsmuir (July 8, 1851 – June 6, 1920) was a Canadian industrialist and politician in British Columbia. He served as the 14th premier of British Columbia from 1900 to 1902 and the eighth  lieutenant governor of British Columbia from 1906 to 1909.

Premier of British Columbia
The premier of British Columbia is the first minister and head of government for the Canadian province of British Columbia. Until the early 1970s, the title prime minister of British Columbia was often used. The word premier is derived from the French word of the same spelling, meaning "first"; and ultimately from the Latin word primarius, meaning "primary".
Karen Lund
Christianity portal

The Ven Karen Belinda Lund has been  Archdeacon of Manchester since 14 May 2017.

Lund studied for the  priesthood at Queen's College, Birmingham. After  curacies in Southall and Northolt she held posts in Gillingham, Kent and Chelmsford. Lund was team Vicar of Turton, Lancashire from 2014 until her appointment as Archdeacon.

Archdeacon of Manchester
The Archdeacon of Manchester is a senior ecclesiastical officer in the Church of England in Greater Manchester.

The archdeaconry of Manchester was established on 29 September 1843 a few years before the Diocese of Manchester (on 1 September 1847.) The archdeaconry was therefore initially, for the time being, established in the Diocese of Chester.
Vijay Singh Chaudhary
Vijay Singh Chaudhary, also known as Vijay Chaudhary, is an Indian politician from Rajasthan. He is currently serving as Minister of State for Revenue, Colonization and Sainik Welfare in the Government of Rajasthan under the leadership of Chief Minister Bhajan Lal Sharma.

He was elected as a Member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from the Nawan Assembly constituency in 2013 and again in 2023. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Bhajan Lal Sharma
Bhajan Lal Sharma (born 15 December 1966) is an Indian politician serving as the 14th and current chief minister of Rajasthan and also as leader of the house in state assembly. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), he represents the Sanganer constituency in the 16th Rajasthan Assembly.
Nervii
The Nervii or Nervians were one of the most powerful tribes of the Belgae in northern Gaul at the time of its conquest by Julius Caesar in 58-52 BC. The core of their territory corresponded to the medieval County of Hainaut and contained a significant part of modern central Belgium, and stretched southwards to Cambrai in what is now France. During his campaign, Caesar's contacts among the Remi reported that the Nervii were the most warlike of the Belgae, trekking long distances to take part in battles. Like the other tribes of northern Gaul, including the Menapii to the west, and the Eburones to the east, the Nervii were considered by Caesar to be relatively uncorrupted by civilization.

The Nervians were later integrated into the Roman empire.

Remi
The Remi (Gaulish: Rēmi, 'the first, the princes') were a Belgic tribe dwelling in the Aisne, Vesle and Suippe river valleys during the Iron Age and the Roman period. Their territory roughly corresponded the modern Marne and Ardennes and parts of the Aisne and Meuse departments.
Bluntisham
Bluntisham is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 2,003. Bluntisham lies approximately 8 miles (13 km) east of Huntingdon. Bluntisham is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England.
The villages of Earith, Colne, Woodhurst, and Somersham are all close by.

The prime meridian passes through the western edge of Bluntisham.

Huntingdon
Huntingdon is a market town in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. The town was given its town charter by King John in 1205. It was the county town of the historic county of Huntingdonshire. Oliver Cromwell was born there in 1599 and became one of its Members of Parliament (MP) in 1628. The former Conservative Prime Minister (1990–1997) John Major served as its MP from 1979 until his retirement in 2001.
Gryllodes
Gryllodes is a genus of crickets in the family Gryllidae and tribe Gryllini.  Species have been recorded in Australia, Asia, Africa (Ethiopia), central Europe, subtropical and tropical Americas.

The type species, Gryllodes sigillatus, may be called the tropical or Indian house cricket: a cosmopolitan species that is cultured for pet-food.

Tropical house cricket
Gryllodes sigillatus, the tropical house cricket, Indian house cricket or banded cricket, is a small cricket probably native to southwestern Asia, but has spread throughout tropical regions worldwide. Like its relative the house cricket, the tropical house cricket is also raised commercially for feeding certain pets such as reptiles, birds, amphibians, and insectivorous arthropods.
Umanske
Umanske (Ukrainian: Уманське, Russian: Уманское, romanized: Umanskoye) is a village in Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Battle of Avdiivka and subsequent capture of the city by Russian forces led to the village gaining the potential to become a frontline settlement after closer villages like Tonenke were taken in the days following. Between 30 March and 1 April, one of the largest Russian assaults of the war took place from Tonenke towards the village, but was stopped after incurring losses. On 9 May 2024, the village became disputed by Ukrainian and Russian forces after geolocated footage provided evidence of Russian forces moving into the center of the village.

Tonenke
Tonenke (Ukrainian: Тоненьке, pronounced [toˈnɛnʲke]; Russian: Тоненькое, romanized: Tonen'koye) is a village in Pokrovsk Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at 23.5 kilometres (14.6 mi) northwest (NW) of the centre of Donetsk city.
William Hauber
William Carl Hauber (May 20, 1891 – July 17, 1929) was an American silent film actor and much-in-demand stunt performer, known as one of the original Keystone Cops, and for his decade-long association with comic actor Larry Semon, both as a supporting player and as the star's frequent stunt double. He appeared in more than 60 films between 1913 and 1928.

Larry Semon
Lawrence Semon (February 9, 1889 – October 8, 1928) was an American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter during the silent film era. In his day, Semon was considered a major movie comedian, but he is now remembered mainly for working with both Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy before they started working together. He directed and appeared in the 1925 silent film The Wizard of Oz, which had a slight influence on the better-known 1939 talkie The Wizard of Oz released by MGM. The film was included in the 2005 three-disc DVD version of the 1939 film, along with other silent Oz movies.
Clásico Capitalino
El Clasico Capitalino (Capital derby), refers to football matches between América and UNAM, both from Mexico City. América play at the Estadio Azteca, while UNAM play at the Estadio Olímpico Universitario, with the two grounds separated by approximately 1.1 miles (1.8 km).

Estadio Olímpico Universitario
University Olympic Stadium (Spanish: Estadio Olímpico Universitario) is a multi-purpose stadium located inside Ciudad Universitaria in Mexico City. It was built in 1952 and at that time was the largest stadium in Mexico. This stadium has a capacity of 69,000. The first major event held in the stadium was the 1955 Pan American Games. During the 1950s and the 1960s this stadium was used mostly for college American football matches between the largest Mexican public universities at the time: UNAM and IPN. From the late 1950s it was used for association football matches, some American football matches and athletics. It then became the Olympic Stadium for the 1968 Summer Games.
Battle of Ardahan
The Battle of Ardahan (Turkish: Ardahan Harekâtı; Russian: Битва при Ардагане, Armenian: Արդահանի ճակատամարտ) was fought between 25 December 1914 and 18 January 1915 and was an Ottoman military operation commanded by German Lt. Col. Stange to capture the city of Ardahan and cut the Russian link to Sarikamish–Kars line, supporting the Battle of Sarikamish. By 3 January 1915, Vorontsov-Dashkov achieved a decisive victory over the Ottoman forces at Ardahan.

Sarıkamış
Sarıkamış or Sarikamish (Kurdish: Zerqamîş, Armenian: Սարիղամիշ, romanized: Sariġamiš) is a town in Kars Province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Sarıkamış District. Its population is 15,260 (2022).

The town is perhaps best known for being the site of the Battle of Sarikamish, one of the major battles of the Caucasus front of World War I.
Ma Chau
Ma Chau island (Chinese: 孖洲, not to be confused with Ma Shi Chau island), is an uninhabited outlying island of Hong Kong located in the Soko Islands group about 4km south to Lantau Island.

Since June 2022, Ma Chau Island is designated as part of South Lantau Marine Park. The park aims to protect the Chinese White Dolphins and Finless Porpoises population around the Soko Islands.

Soko Islands
The Soko Islands (Chinese: 索罟群島) are a group of islands in Hong Kong. The group consists of Tai A Chau, Siu A Chau and several smaller nearby islands, in the southwesternmost waters of the territory, to the southwest of Lantau Island.

An older name for this island group was "Sok Kwu Kwan To" (Fishing Net Islands).

The islands are mainly composed of granite and a band of rhyodacite. Waters of the island group are brackish due to being in the Pearl River estuary.
William G. Perry (architect)
William G. Perry, FAIA (1883–1975), was an American architect who practiced in Boston from 1915 to 1974. In 1923, Perry co–founded the architectural firm now known as Perry Dean Rogers Architects and is best known for the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg, beginning in 1927.

Fellow of the American Institute of Architects
Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) is a postnominal title or membership, designating an individual who has been named a fellow of the American Institute of Architects (AIA).

Fellowship is bestowed by the institute on AIA-member architects who have made outstanding contributions to the profession through design excellence, contributions in the field of architectural education, or to the advancement of the profession. In 2014, fewer than 3,200 of the more than 80,000 AIA members were fellows. Honorary Fellowship (Hon. FAIA) is awarded to foreign (non-U.S. citizen) architects, and to non-architects who have made substantial contributions to the field of architecture or to the institute.
Department of Veterans Affairs Management Accountability Act of 2014
The Department of Veterans Affairs Management Accountability Act of 2014 (H.R. 4031) is a bill that would give the United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs the authority to remove or demote any individual from the Senior Executive Service upon determining that such individual's performance warrants removal or demotion. The bill was written in response to a scandal indicating that some VA hospitals were keeping secret waiting lists for care, the length of which may have led to the deaths of some veterans.

The bill was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress. It passed the House on May 21, 2014.

United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs
The United States secretary of veterans affairs is the head of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, the department concerned with veterans' benefits, health care, and national veterans' memorials and cemeteries. The secretary is a member of the Cabinet and second to last at seventeenth in the line of succession to the presidency (the position was last until the addition of the United States Department of Homeland Security in 2006). Until the appointment of David Shulkin in 2017, all appointees and acting appointees to the post were United States military veterans, but that is not a requirement to fill the position.

When the post of secretary is vacant, the deputy secretary or any other person designated by the president serves as acting secretary until the president nominates and the United States Senate confirms a new secretary.
Granite scam in Tamil Nadu
The granite scam was a corruption scandal that occurred in Tamil Nadu, India. It gained notoriety after former civil servant of Madurai Ubagarampillai Sagayam wrote a letter to the chief secretary of the State Industries Department on 19 May 2012, reporting major violations by many granite quarries in the Madurai district, estimating a loss of more than sixteen thousand crore rupees (~US$2.5 billion) to the state exchequer.

Some officials of the state-owned Tamil Nadu Minerals Limited (TAMIN) were accused of colluding with companies such as Mojang, allowing them to commit violations.

Tamil Nadu Minerals Limited
Tamil Nadu Minerals Limited (TAMIN) (Tamil: தமிழ் நாடு கனிம நிறுவனம் (டாமின்)) is a state-government undertaking of Government of Tamil Nadu located in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is the authority and contractor of granite and stone quarries in Tamil Nadu. TAMIN received the national e-governance award for developing Quarry Management System (QMS) at the 18th national e-governance conference held at Gandhi Nagar in Gujarat 2015.
Fulton Creek (Alberta)
Fulton Creek is a minor tributary which flows into the North Saskatchewan River. Fulton Creek originates within The Meadows area of Edmonton, Alberta. As with other urban Edmonton waterways, with long stretches running through underground culverts, and water volume managed by other urban land uses and for erosion control, Fulton Creek has been labeled a lost creek.

North Saskatchewan River
The North Saskatchewan River is a glacier-fed river that flows from the Canadian Rockies continental divide east to central Saskatchewan, where it joins with the South Saskatchewan River to make up the Saskatchewan River. Its water flows into the Hudson Bay via Lake Winnipeg and the Nelson River.

The Saskatchewan River system is the largest shared between the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. Its watershed includes most of southern and central Alberta and Saskatchewan.
2020 in the sport of athletics
In 2020, the foremost competitions in the sport of athletics were the 2020 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, the 2020 World Athletics Indoor Championships held in Nanjing, China and the 2020 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships held in Gdynia, Poland. All three were rescheduled due to the COVID-19 pandemicm with the 2020 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships being the only event still held in 2020.

2020 World Athletics Half Marathon Championships
The 2020 World Athletics Half Marathon Championships, originally scheduled for 29 March 2020 in Gdynia, Poland, was postponed until 17 October 2020, due to the coronavirus pandemic.

On 31 August 2020, the mass participation race was cancelled, while the elite championships remained scheduled.
Sidymella angularis
Sidymella angularis (also known as the common square-ended crab spider), is a species of crab spider endemic to New Zealand.

Like all thomisid spiders, this species does not make a web, but lies in wait for prey to appear nearby. It eats insects, or occasionally other small spiders. It lives in leaf litter on the forest floor or in low vegetation. A closely-related and similar species S. angulata has the same range and habitat.

Thomisidae
The Thomisidae are a family of spiders, including about 170 genera and over 2,100 species. The common name crab spider is often linked to species in this family, but may also be used for spiders from other families. Many members of this family are also known as flower spiders or flower crab spiders.
Angelo Schirinzi
Angelo Schirinzi (born 5 November 1972) is a beach soccer player and coach. He is Coach of Switzerland national beach soccer team, and the former Tahiti national beach soccer team Coach 2012-2015. He is the main developer of beach soccer in Switzerland.

Schirinzi has been a FIFA Expert since 2008 and has supervised more than 35 seminars in the last years.

Tahiti national beach soccer team
The Tahiti national beach soccer team represents Tahiti or French Polynesia in international beach soccer competitions and is controlled by the FTF and the FFF, the governing body for football in Tahiti. In contrast to the fortunes of the association football team, Tahiti's beach soccer has, since 2011, been one of the strongest teams in world beach soccer. The team made history at the 2013 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup by becoming the first Pacific nation to qualify for the knockout stages of an international FIFA tournament. 
At the 2015 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup  Tahiti beat Italy in a penalty shootout to become the first Pacific nation to ever make it to a final in a FIFA tournament. They followed this up with another appearance in the 2017 final.
2000 Arizona House of Representatives election
The 2000 Arizona House of Representatives election took place on Tuesday, November 7, 2000, with the primary election held on Tuesday, September 12, 2000. Arizona voters elected all 60 members of the Arizona House of Representatives in multi-member districts to serve two-year terms.

The election coincided with United States national elections and Arizona state elections, including U.S. President, U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and Arizona Senate.

Following the previous election in 1998, Republicans held a 40-to-20-seat majority over Democrats. Republicans maintained control of the chamber in 2000, though their majority was reduced to 36 seats. At 24 members, Democrats saw a net gain of four seats. The newly elected members served in the 45th Arizona State Legislature, during which Republican Jim Weiers was elected as Speaker of the Arizona House.

2000 United States Senate election in Arizona
The 2000 United States Senate election in Arizona was held on November 7, 2000. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Jon Kyl won re-election to a second term. No candidate was nominated from the Democratic Party. Independent Bill Toel, Green party nominee Vance Hansen, and Libertarian party nominee Barry Hess each got more than 5% of the vote, a strong non-major-party performance.
Samsung Galaxy Tab S 10.5
The Samsung Galaxy Tab S 10.5 is a 10.5-inch Android-based tablet computer produced and marketed by Samsung Electronics. It belongs to the ultra high-end "S" line of the cross between the Samsung Galaxy Tab and Samsung Galaxy S series, which also includes an 8.4-inch model, the Samsung Galaxy Tab S 8.4. It was announced on 12 June 2014, and was released in July 2014. This is Samsung's first 10.5-inch tablet which is aimed to be a direct competitor against the iPad Air.

Samsung Galaxy S series
The Samsung Galaxy S series is a flagship line of Android-based smartphones manufactured, developed, produced and marketed by Samsung Electronics. It serves as Samsung's high-end line of its wider Galaxy family of Android devices, and, in conjunction with the Galaxy Z series and the Galaxy Tab S series, it also serves as its flagship smartphone and tablet lineup, positioned and slotted above the entry-level & mid-range Galaxy A series since 2019, and below the historical Galaxy Note series until 2020.
Grant School (Hong Kong)
A Grant School is a special type of secondary school in Hong Kong. According to the current legislation, "Grant Schools" refer to "any secondary school which receives subsidies in accordance with the Code of Aid for Secondary Schools and which was, before 1 April 1973, in receipt of grants in accordance with the Grant Code". (Cap 279C) They were established by missionaries and churches in the nineteenth and early twentieth century, and receive grant-in-aid from the government to operate, thus named Grant Schools. Most of the Grant Schools in Hong Kong have good academic achievements.

Education in Hong Kong
Education in Hong Kong used to be largely modelled on that of the United Kingdom, particularly the English system. Since 2012, the overhaul of secondary school diploma has introduced changes to the number of school years as well as the two-tier general examinations. The DSE has replaced the old HKCEE (similar to the UK's GCSE) and the A-levels. Education policy in Hong Kong is overseen by the Education Bureau and the Social Welfare Department.

The academic year begins mid-year, usually starting in September.
Marwar Junction Assembly constituency
Marwar Junction Assembly constituency is one of the 200 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan state in India.

It is part of Pali district. As of 2018, it is represented in the Assembly by Kesa Ram Choudhary of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Pali district
Pali district is a district in Rajasthan, India. The city of Pali is its administrative headquarters.
Pali is also known as the Industrial/Textile City and has been a hub for merchant activities for centuries. It has a rich heritage and culture, including beautiful Jain temples and other elaborate monuments.
Rose Rosenberg
Rose Rosenberg, CBE (1 September 1892 – 13 April 1966) was a Jewish English woman who served as the private secretary for statesman Ramsay MacDonald from 1923 to 1935. Prior to her employment with MacDonald, she worked in the National Council for Civil Liberties with those opposed to conscription and was the personal assistant of suffragette, Margaret Mackworth, 2nd Viscountess Rhondda. She was known for her ability to keep secrets, monitoring those who wished to engage with MacDonald, and earned the nickname "Miss Rose of No. 10" from the international press. She was honored as a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1930. In later life, she worked for the British publicity office of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and in various positions during World War II providing assistance.

Margaret Haig Thomas, 2nd Viscountess Rhondda
Margaret Haig Mackworth, 2nd Viscountess Rhondda (née Thomas; 12 June 1883 – 20 July 1958) was a Welsh peeress, businesswoman, magazine proprietor, and suffragette.

Mackworth and her father David Alfred Thomas, 1st Viscount Rhondda were on the RMS Lusitania when the ship was torpedoed and sunk by a German U-Boat; both survived the disaster.