hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Washington State Route 231
State Route 231 (SR 231) is a 74.97-mile (120.65 km) long state highway in the U.S. state of Washington serving communities in Lincoln and Stevens counties. The highway, located entirely west of Spokane in the Inland Empire, serves Sprague, Edwall, Reardan, Springdale, Valley and Chewelah. The route extends from SR 23 north of Sprague to a concurrency with U.S. Route 2 (US 2) near Reardan and an intersection with US 395 south of Chewelah.

Although SR 231 was established in 1964, the US 2 concurrency has existed as State Road 7 since 1909. Later, Secondary State Highway 2G (SSH 2G) and Secondary State Highway 3J (SSH 3J) were established in 1937 and formed SR 231 in 1964. The highway crosses the Spokane River on the Spokane River Bridge at Long Lake Dam, which was constructed in 1949 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995 before repair work in late 2008.

State highways in Washington
The State Highways of Washington in the U.S. state of Washington comprise a network of over 7,000 miles (11,270 km) of state highways, including all Interstate and U.S. Highways that pass through the state, maintained by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The system spans 8.5% of the state's public road mileage, but carries over half of the traffic. All other public roads in the state are either inside incorporated places (cities or towns) or are maintained by the county.  The state highway symbol is a white silhouette of George Washington's head (whom the state is named after).
Barbara Pompili
Barbara Annick Pompili (French pronunciation: [baʁbaʁa pɔ̃pili] ⓘ; born 13 June 1975) is a French politician who served as Minister of the Ecological Transition under Prime Minister Jean Castex from 2020 to 2022. She previously served as Secretary of State for Biodiversity from 2016 to 2017.

Pompili represented the 2nd constituency of Somme in the National Assembly from 2012 to 2016, from 2017 to 2020 and again from 2022 to 2023. A member of Renaissance (RE, formerly La République En Marche!) since 2017, she was a member of The Greens (LV) from 2000 to 2010 and Europe Ecology – The Greens (EELV) from 2010 until 2015.

On 26 March 2025, she was appointed ambassador-at-large for the environment by President Emmanuel Macron.

Jean Castex
Jean Castex ([ʒɑ̃ kastɛks] ⓘ; born 25 June 1965) is a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France from 3 July 2020 to 16 May 2022. He was a member of The Republicans (LR) until 2020. Castex served for twelve years as mayor of the small town of Prades prior to his appointment as prime minister by President Emmanuel Macron. He resigned his post ahead of the 2022 legislative election. After leaving public office, he served as president of the state-owned RATP from 2022 to 2025, and has served as president of the SNCF since November 2025.
Jacques Dextraze
Jacques Alfred Dextraze CC CMM CBE DSO & Bar  CD (August 15, 1919 – May 9, 1993) was a Canadian military officer who rose through the ranks from private to general in his career and served as Chief of the Defence Staff of Canada from 1972–1977.

Chief of the Defence Staff (Canada)
Chief of the Defence Staff (CDS; French: chef d'état-major de la Défense; CEMD) is the title of the professional head of the Canadian Armed Forces. As the senior military position, the CDS advises the Cabinet, particularly the minister of national defence and the prime minister. The position is a Crown-in-Council appointment made on the advice of the prime minister.
Eastern Fleet (horse)
Eastern Fleet was an American Thoroughbred racehorse foaled on May 14, 1968. Bred by Calumet Farm and E. B. Benjamin, he was sired by Fleet Nasrullah and was a grandson of Nasrullah. He was out of a Bull Lea mare, Amoret. Eastern Fleet is best remembered for winning the grade 1 Florida Derby and finishing second in the $200,000 grade 1 Preakness Stakes to Canonero II.

Cañonero II
Cañonero II (April 24, 1968 – November 11, 1981) was a Venezuelan champion Thoroughbred race horse that may be best remembered for winning the first two legs of the 1971 U.S. Triple Crown, the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness Stakes.
Gus Gilmore
Major General Peter Warwick "Gus" Gilmore, AO, DSC (born 31 January 1962) is a retired senior officer of the Australian Army. A graduate of the Royal Military College, Duntroon, he was commissioned into the Royal Australian Infantry Corps in 1983 and spent much of his career in special forces. He commanded the Special Air Service Regiment (2001–02), led the first contingent of the Australian Special Operations Task Group in Afghanistan (2001–02), was responsible for the Coalition Advisory Support Team in Iraq (2005–06), and commanded International Security Assistance Force Special Operations Forces (2009–10). Following promotion to major general he held a succession of senior appointments, including Special Operations Commander Australia (2011–13), Deputy Chief of Army (2013–15), and Commander Forces Command (2015–16). His final appointment was as Head Military Strategic Commitments Division from 2016 to 2019.

Distinguished Service Cross (Australia)
The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is a military decoration awarded to personnel of the Australian Defence Force. It is awarded for distinguished command and leadership in warlike operations. They are awarded by the governor-general of Australia on the advice of the minister for Defence. The DSC was introduced in 1991 and is the highest distinguished service decoration in the Australian Honours System. Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "DSC". Since its inception 273 awards have been made—which includes eight bars and one second bar.
16-Androstene
16-Androstenes, or androst-16-enes, are a class of endogenous androstane steroids that includes androstadienol, androstadienone, androstenone, and androstenol, which are pheromones. Some of the 16-androstenes, such as androstenone and androstenol, are odorous, and have been confirmed to contribute to human malodor.

Pheromone
A pheromone (from Ancient Greek  φέρω (phérō) 'to bear' and  hormone) is a chemical that is secreted or excreted by an organism, which triggers a social response in members of the same species. There are alarm pheromones, food trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and many others that affect behavior or physiology. Pheromones are used by many organisms, from basic unicellular prokaryotes to complex multicellular eukaryotes. Their use among insects has been particularly well documented. In addition, some vertebrates, plants and ciliates communicate by using pheromones. The ecological functions and evolution of pheromones are a major topic of research in the field of chemical ecology.
Alleluia! The Devil's Carnival
Alleluia! The Devil's Carnival (stylized onscreen as The Devil's  Carnival: Alleluia!) is a 2015 American musical fantasy horror film directed by Darren Lynn Bousman and written by Terrance Zdunich. It is a direct sequel to Bousman's 2012 film The Devil's Carnival. Production commenced in August 2014 and the film was released on August 11, 2015 by Cleopatra Films.

The Devil's Carnival
The Devil's Carnival is a 2012 American musical horror film directed by Darren Lynn Bousman and starring Sean Patrick Flanery, Briana Evigan, Jessica Lowndes, Paul Sorvino, Emilie Autumn and Terrance Zdunich. The film marks the second collaboration of Bousman and writer/actor Terrance Zdunich, their previous work being the musical film Repo! The Genetic Opera. The film also brings back several of the cast members of Repo!, such as Sorvino, Alexa Vega, Bill Moseley and Nivek Ogre. The Devil's Carnival has Aesop's Fables and other folklore at the core of its story, with the main characters each representing a fable.  Flanery's character John represents "Grief and His Due", Evigan's character Merrywood represents "The Dog and Its Reflection", and Lowndes' character Tamara represents "The Scorpion and the Frog", an animal fable that seems to have first emerged in Russia.
Digital line graph
A Digital Line Graph (DLG) is a cartographic map feature represented in digital vector form that is distributed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).  DLGs are collected from USGS maps and are distributed in large, intermediate and small scale with up to nine different categories of features, depending on the scale.  They come in optional and Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS) format and  are topologically structured for use in mapping and geographic information system (GIS) applications.

Spatial Data Transfer Standard
Spatial Data Transfer Standard, or SDTS, is a standard used to describe earth-referenced spatial data. It was designed to easily transfer and use spatial data on different computer platforms. The FGDC has proposed to withdraw the standard.

The USGS made an effort to promulgate the standard by making a large volume of data available at no cost and many companies supported the standard by writing translators to transform the data into different formats.
Binham
Binham is a village and a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It is 29.3 miles (47.2 km) north west of Norwich, 16.9 miles (27.2 km) west of Cromer, and 4.9 miles (7.9 km) east-south-east of the town of Wells-next-the-Sea.

Cromer
Cromer (/ˈkroʊmər/ KROH-mər) is a coastal town and civil parish on the north coast of the North Norfolk district of the county of Norfolk, England. It is 23 miles (37 kilometres) north of Norwich, 9 miles (14 km) northwest of North Walsham and 4 miles (6 kilometres) east of Sheringham on the North Sea coastline.
The local government authorities are North Norfolk District Council, whose headquarters is on Holt Road in the town, and Norfolk County Council, based in Norwich. The civil parish has an area of 4.66 km2 (1+13⁄16 sq mi) and at the 2011 census had a population of 7,683.

The town is notable as a traditional tourist resort and for the Cromer crab, which forms the major source of income for local fishermen. The motto Gem of the Norfolk Coast is highlighted on the town's road signs.
Abortion in Eritrea
In Eritrea, abortion is banned except on the grounds of pregnancy from rape or incest, pregnancy of a minor, or risk to physical or mental health. Legal abortions require medical or judicial approval. Prior to Eritrea's independence, it applied Ethiopia's abortion law of the 1950s, which banned abortion unless life-saving. After independence, the 1991 penal code adapted this law to lift punishments on abortions on the grounds of rape, incest, or risk to life or health, but legal abortions did not exist in effect. The penal codes of 2001 and 2015 required physicians to prove health grounds for abortion. Unsafe abortion is common and contributes to maternal mortality in Eritrea. Post-abortion care is unavailable in some regions.

Abortion in Ethiopia
In 2005, the Ethiopian Parliament liberalised the abortion law to grant safe abortions to women in specific circumstances.

Currently, abortion is legal in Ethiopia in cases of rape, incest, or maternal problems relating to foetal impairment.

Since 2008, Ethiopia has witnessed a rapid increase in healthcare facilities which provide legal abortion services. Abortions services in Ethiopian facilities includes medical abortion (using misoprostol and Mifepristone), surgical abortion, manual vacuum aspiration and dilation and curettage.

In 2008, an estimated 382,500 induced abortions were performed in Ethiopia, for an annual rate of 23 abortions per 1,000 women aged 15–44. This doubled the proportion in 2014, with rate of 53% (some 326,000) of all health facilities. Most abortions occur in non-governmental organization and private hospitals within Ethiopia.
Newport railway station, Melbourne
Newport station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne on the Werribee and Williamstown lines, which are part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the western suburb of Newport, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Newport station is a ground level premium station, featuring two side platforms. It opened on 1 March 1859.

Initially opened as Geelong Junction, the station was renamed two times. It was renamed to Williamstown Junction in January 1869, then was given its current name of Newport on 1 November 1881.

Two sidings exist at the northern (up) end of the station, used for the stabling of trains that operate the Williamstown line shuttle services. The Western standard gauge line to Adelaide runs to the west of the station, behind Platform 1, and the Newport Railway Workshops are located to the south.

Williamstown railway station
Williamstown station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne and the terminus of the Williamstown line, which is part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the western suburb of Williamstown, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Williamstown station is a ground level premium station, featuring one side platform. It opened on 17 January 1859.

The station building is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register, and is the second oldest railway station in Victoria, after St Kilda. It is also the oldest timber railway station building to survive in the state, and one of the earliest surviving timber public buildings in Victoria.

At the up end of the station platform, the double track railway converges into single track.
René Castro
René Castro Salazar (born 25 August 1957), was FAO's Climate, Biodiversity, Land and Water Department Assistant-Director General and a former Costa Rican politician.

Castro was appointed Assistant Director General (ADG) of Climate, Biodiversity, Land and Water Department   by FAO Director General José Graziano da Silva in 2017, after serving one year as Forestry ADG. Formerly, he served under president-elect Laura Chinchilla as Minister of Environment and Energy; position he had also held between 1994 and 1998. Castro held several other relevant governmental positions, including the Ministry of Foreign Affairs during 2010. He is a prominent academic with extensive international experience in the fields of Climate Change, and Sustainable Development.

Laura Chinchilla
Laura Chinchilla Miranda (Spanish: [ˈlawɾa tʃinˈtʃiʝa miˈɾanda]; born 28 March 1959) is a Costa Rican political scientist and politician who served as President of Costa Rica from 2010 to 2014. She was one of Óscar Arias Sánchez's two Vice-Presidents and his administration's Minister of Justice. She was the governing PLN candidate for president in the 2010 general election, where she won with 46.76% of the vote on 7 February. She was the eighth woman president of a Latin American country and the first woman to become President of Costa Rica. She was sworn in as President of Costa Rica on 8 May 2010.

After leaving office, she taught at Georgetown University in 2016. Chinchilla is co-chair of the Inter-American Dialogue think tank and the vice-president of Club de Madrid. Chinchilla previously served as a Fellow at the Georgetown Institute of Politics and Public Service.
Mayoralty of Rob Ford
Rob Ford served as mayor of Toronto, Ontario, Canada for one term from December 1, 2010, until November 30, 2014, being elected in 2010. As a Conservative-leaning mayor, his term was a period of conflict with the rest of Toronto City Council over budget spending, traffic, transit, cycling and other issues. During his term as mayor, he was embroiled in a scandal over his drug and alcohol abuse, leading Council to remove some of his powers as mayor. The drug scandal created headlines nationally and internationally as Ford denied his abuse until a video was found of him smoking crack cocaine. Ford then took a two-month leave of absence for rehabilitation. He declined to run again for mayor for a second term due to a cancer diagnosis.

2010 Toronto mayoral election
The 2010 Toronto mayoral election was held on October 25, 2010, to elect a mayor of the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The mayor's seat was open for the first time since the 2003 Toronto election due to the announcement by incumbent mayor David Miller that he would not seek a third term in office. The nomination period for the 2010 municipal election opened on January 4, 2010, and closed on September 10, 2010. The result of the election was a victory for city councillor Rob Ford. He received 47% of the vote.
Cecil Brooks III
Cecil Brooks III (born 1959) is an American jazz drummer and record producer who has worked with Arthur Blythe, Russell Gunn, John Hicks, Andrew Hill, Etta Jones, Houston Person, Roseanna Vitro, Hannibal Lokumbe, and Jimmy Ponder.

A native of the Homewood neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Brooks released a number of albums for Muse and Savant. The jazz club that he started in West Orange NJ – Cecil's – closed in 2012 after 10 years.

Russell Gunn
Russell Gunn (born October 20, 1971, in Chicago) is an American contemporary jazz trumpeter.

He grew up in East St. Louis, Illinois playing trumpet. As a kid his musical interest was hip hop, with LL Cool J being his first music idol. His projects include a large ensemble called Bionic, which released an album called Krunk Jazz, and his smaller group Electrik Butterfly.
Johann Wilhelm von Hunolstein
Johann Wilhelm von Hunolstein (French: Jean-Guillaume de Hunolstein; 24 April 1599 – 29 July 1664), also known as Hunoltstein or Hunoldstein, was a professional soldier in Lorrain, Bavarian and Imperial military service during the Thirty Years' War. Since 1643, he was part of the General Staff of the Imperial supreme commanders Gallas and Melander, and commanded himself the entire infantry of either the Imperial or the Bavarian field army.

He often personally commanded dangerous missions like rescuing the remnants of the ruined Imperial army that had supported Denmark in the Torstenson War. In the last military campaign of the war in 1648, he became the main commander of the Bavarian army.

Afterwards, he briefly held the post of supreme commander of the forces of the Kölner Allianz, a predecessor of the League of the Rhine, and served as military commander of Silesia for the Habsburgs during the Second Northern War.

Peter Melander, Graf von Holzappel
Peter Melander, Count of Holzappel (8 February 1589 – 17 May 1648) was a German general who was a Protestant military leader in the Thirty Years' War until 1640 when he switched sides and even became Chief of the imperial army from 1647 until his death.
Salfords railway station
Salfords railway station serves the village of Salfords in Surrey, England. The station is sometimes shown as Salfords (Surrey) in timetables to differentiate it from the two stations in Salford, Greater Manchester. It is on the Brighton Main Line, 23 miles 37 chains (37.8 km) down the line from London Bridge via Redhill and is managed by Southern. Train services are provided by Thameslink and Southern.

The station has four lines running through it: two slow lines with platforms and two express lines that have no platforms. The ticket office is open weekdays from 6:30 am to 10:30 am. Journey times are around 45 minutes to London, 25 to Croydon, 7 to Redhill  and Gatwick Airport, 10 to Crawley and 20 to Horsham.

Redhill railway station
Redhill railway station serves the town of Redhill, Surrey, England. The station is a major interchange point on the Brighton Main Line, 22 miles 40 chains (36.2 km) measured from London Charing Cross. It is managed by Southern, and is also served by Thameslink and Great Western Railway.
Im Jong-seok
Im Jong-seok (Korean: 임종석; Hanja: 任鍾晳; born 24 April 1966) is a South Korean politician and former Chief of Staff for Moon Jae-in currently serving as Moon's Special Advisor for Foreign Affairs and Special Envoy to UAE. Im served as Moon's chief of staff during the primary and 2017 presidential election.

Im previously served as vice/deputy mayor for political/state affairs under Seoul Mayor Park Won-soon, a two-term member of the National Assembly, and secretary-general of the Democratic Party of Korea. He was a prominent student activist in the pro-democracy movement during the 1980s. Im was head of the National Council of Student Representatives in 1989 and served three and a half years in prison for facilitating Lim Su-kyung's unauthorized visit to North Korea in violation of the National Security Law.

Im supports engagement with North Korea.

Chief of Staff to the President (South Korea)
The chief of staff to the president (Korean: 대통령비서실장; Hanja: 大統領秘書室長), or chief presidential secretary, is the highest-ranking employee of the Blue House and serves as chief of staff to the president of South Korea. The chief presidential secretary is traditionally one of the first officials appointed by an incoming president. Former President Moon Jae-in was a former chief of staff.
Pope Demetrius I of Alexandria
Demetrius I (died 22 October 232), 12th Bishop and Patriarch of Alexandria. Sextus Julius Africanus, who visited Alexandria in the Bishoprice of Demetrius, places his accession as eleventh bishop from Mark in the tenth year of Roman Emperor Commodus; Eusebius of Caesarea places it in the tenth year of Septimius Severus.

Mark the Evangelist
Mark the Evangelist (Koinē Greek: Μᾶρκος, romanized: Mârkos), also known as John Mark (Koinē Greek: Ἰωάννης Μᾶρκος, romanized: Iōánnēs Mârkos; Aramaic: ܝܘܚܢܢ, romanized: Yōḥannān) or Saint Mark, was a Libyan who is traditionally ascribed to be the author of the Gospel of Mark. Most modern scholars agree that the gospel of Mark is anonymous, though the topic remains contentious among experts. Scholarship is inconclusive on authorship; some reject the attribution to Mark while others debate the identity of Mark. According to Church tradition, Mark founded the episcopal see of Alexandria, which was one of the five most important sees of early Christianity. His feast day is celebrated on April 25, and his symbol is the winged lion.
Civitas Tungrorum
The Civitas Tungrorum was a large Roman administrative district dominating what is now eastern Belgium and the southern Netherlands. In the early days of the Roman Empire it was in the province of Gallia Belgica, but it later joined the neighbouring lower Rhine River border districts, within the province of Germania Inferior. Its capital was Aduatuca Tungrorum, now Tongeren.

Like many other Roman administrative districts, it was named after the tribal grouping that lived there, the Tungri, although that name is not known from the area before it became part of the Roman Empire. Also like other such districts, it became the basis for a medieval bishopric, but the bishops of Tongeren later moved to nearby Maastricht and then to Liège.

Germania Inferior
Germania Inferior ("Lower Germania") was a Roman province on the west bank of the Rhine bordering the North Sea from around AD 85 until the province was renamed Germania Secunda in the 4th century AD. The capital of the province was Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium, modern-day Cologne.
Ton
A ton is any of several units of measure of mass, volume or force. It has a long history and has acquired several meanings and uses.

As a unit of mass, ton can mean:

the long ton, which is 2,240 pounds (1,016.0 kilograms)

the tonne, also called the metric ton, which is 1,000 kilograms (about 2,204.6 pounds) or 1 megagram.

the short ton, which is 2,000 pounds (907.2 kilograms)

Its original use as a unit of volume has continued in the capacity of cargo ships and in units such as the freight ton and a number of other units, ranging from 35 to 100 cubic feet (0.99 to 2.83 m3) in size.

Because the ton (of any system of measuring weight) is usually the heaviest unit named in colloquial speech, its name also has figurative uses, singular and plural, informally meaning a large amount or quantity, or to a great degree, as in "There's a ton of bees in this hive," "We have tons of homework," and "I love you a ton."

Cubic foot
The cubic foot (symbol ft3 or cu ft) is an imperial and US customary (non-metric) unit of volume, used in the United States and the United Kingdom. It is defined as the volume of a cube with sides of one foot (0.3048 m) in length, or exactly 28.316846592 L (which is about 1% off of ⁠1/35⁠ of a cubic metre, making that a suitable approximation in many cases).