hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James C. Tsai
James C. Tsai  is a physician and scientist who serves as president of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai. He also serves as the Delafield-Rodgers Professor of Ophthalmology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and chair of the department of ophthalmology at the Mount Sinai Health System.

Tsai published the first taxonomy of medication compliance and adherence barriers in patients with glaucoma, the initial paper describing the isolated-check visual evoked potential technology for patients with glaucoma, and one of the first studies evaluating the use of erythropoietin for neuroprotection in an animal model of glaucoma.

Neuroprotection
Neuroprotection refers to the relative preservation of neuronal structure and/or function. In the case of an ongoing insult (a neurodegenerative insult) the relative preservation of neuronal integrity implies a reduction in the rate of neuronal loss over time, which can be expressed as a differential equation.
Zhu Fenglian
Zhu Fenglian (simplified Chinese: 朱凤莲; traditional Chinese: 朱鳳蓮; pinyin: Zhū Fènglián; born November 1977) is a Chinese diplomat who is currently serving as deputy director and spokesperson of the information bureau at the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council.

Taiwan Affairs Office
The Taiwan Affairs Office is an administrative agency under the State Council of the People's Republic of China (PRC). It is responsible for cross-strait relations and sets and implements guidelines and policies related to Taiwan, which is claimed by the People's Republic of China as a province of its own. This organization has no relationship with the Taiwan government.

Under the "one institution with two names" arrangement, it is also the Chinese Communist Party's Taiwan Work Office of the Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs under the CCP Central Committee; the party title is used for party-to-party interactions with Taiwan.
Pandukabhaya
Pandukabhaya (Sinhala: පණ්ඩුකාභය) was a king of Upatissa Nuwara and the first monarch of the Anuradhapura Kingdom and 6th ruler of Sri Lanka since the arrival of Prince Vijaya. Pandukabhaya reigned from 437 BC to 367 BC. According to many historians and philosophers, he is considered the first truly Sri Lankan king following the Vijayan migration, and the ruler who ended the conflict between the Sinha clan and the local clans, reorganizing the population. Pandukabhaya was mentored by Pandula and Pandula's son Chandra was his advisor.

Upatissagāma
Upatissagāma was the second capital of the Kingdom of Tambapanni, during the Pre Anuradhapura period of Sri Lanka. It was seven or eight miles further north of the previous capital Tambapaṇṇī, which was in present-day Puttalam. The city was established by Upatissa, a follower and senior minister of Vijaya.

During the end of his reign Vijaya, who was having trouble choosing a successor, so sent a letter to the city of his ancestors at Sinhapura, in order to invite his brother Sumitta to take over the throne. However Vijaya had died before the letter had reached its destination so the  monarchy was succeeded by his chief minister Upatissa who acted as king for a year.
Freshwater-class ferry
The Freshwater class is a class of ferry operating the Manly ferry service between Circular Quay and Manly on Sydney Harbour. The ferries are owned by the Government of New South Wales and operated by the franchisee Transdev Sydney Ferries under the government's Sydney Ferries brand.

Manly, New South Wales
Manly is a beach-side suburb of northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 17 kilometres (11 mi) north-east of the Sydney central business district and is currently one of the three administrative centres of the local government area of Northern Beaches Council. Manly has a long-standing reputation as a tourist destination, owing to its attractive setting on the Pacific Ocean and easy accessibility by ferry.
Fionnuala Toner
Fionnuala Toner (born 6 March 1990) is a Northern Ireland netball international. She represented Northern Ireland at the 2011 and 2019 Netball World Cups and at the 2014 and 2018 Commonwealth Games. She was also a member of the Northern Ireland team that were silver medallists at the 2017 Netball Europe Open Championships. She has played in the Netball Superleague for Team Northumbria, London Pulse and Team Bath. Toner is also an Ireland women's basketball international. Her younger sister, Máire Toner, is also a Northern Ireland netball international.

2017 Netball Europe Open Championships
The 2017 Netball Europe Open Championships was a tournament organised by Netball Europe. It featured five teams playing a series of netball test matches in October 2017 at Cardiff's Sport Wales National Centre. The hosts Wales were joined by England, Northern Ireland and Scotland and guest team Fiji. With a team captained by Sasha Corbin and coached by Tracey Neville, England retained the title after winning all four of their matches. Northern Ireland's Lisa Bowman was named the Player of the Tournament. The series was streamed live on BBC Sport and on Netball Europe's YouTube channel.
Lorna Clarke
Lorna Clarke is an Australian politician from the Labor Party who is member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly for the electoral district of Butler. She won her seat at the 2025 Western Australian state election.

Western Australian Labor Party
The Western Australian Labor Party, officially known as WA Labor, is the Western Australian branch of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). It is the current governing party of Western Australia since winning the 2017 state election under Mark McGowan.
No. 49 Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear and Explosive Wing
No. 49 Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear and Explosive Wing (Sinhala: රසායනික ජීව විකිරණ හා න්‍යෂ්ටික පුපුරණ ද්‍රව්‍ය පක්‍ෂාංගය, romanized: rasāyanika jīva vikiraṇa hā nyaṣṭika pupuraṇa dravya pakṣāṁgaya) was established in 2016 at the SLAF Bandaranayake. The unit's first Commanding Officer was Squadron Leader (now Wing Commander) Nilendra Perera, who continues to hold this office. The wing is equipped with modern equipment required to counter chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and high yield explosive threats.

Bandaranaike International Airport
Bandaranaike International Airport (BIA; commonly known as Colombo International Airport, Colombo–Bandaranaike International Airport, and locally as Katunayake International Airport; IATA: CMB, ICAO: VCBI) is the main international airport in Sri Lanka. It is named after former Prime Minister S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike (1899–1959) and is in the suburb of Negombo, 32.5 kilometres (20+1⁄4 miles) north of the nation's capital and commercial center, Colombo.

It is administered by Airport and Aviation Services (Sri Lanka) Ltd and serves as the hub of SriLankan Airlines, the national carrier of Sri Lanka, Fitsair, a privately owned low-cost carrier, and domestic carrier Cinnamon Air.

The other airport serving the city of Colombo is Ratmalana International Airport.
Tom Whitlock
Thomas Ross Whitlock (February 20, 1954 – February 18, 2023) was an American songwriter, best known for co-writing the Academy Award– and Golden Globe–winning song "Take My Breath Away", performed by Berlin from the film Top Gun, with Giorgio Moroder. He wrote the lyrics for another song for the film, "Danger Zone", performed by Kenny Loggins.

Kenny Loggins
Kenneth Clark Loggins (born January 7, 1948) is an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist. His early songs were recorded with the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band in 1970, which led to seven albums recorded with Jim Messina as Loggins and Messina from 1972 to 1977. His early soundtrack contributions date back to A Star Is Born in 1976, and he is known as the "King of the Movie Soundtrack". As a solo artist, Loggins experienced a string of soundtrack successes, including an Academy Award nomination for "Footloose" in 1985. Finally Home was released in 2013, shortly after Loggins formed the group Blue Sky Riders with Gary Burr and Georgia Middleman. He has won two Grammy Awards and a Daytime Emmy Award; and was nominated for an Academy Award, a Tony Award, and a Golden Globe Award.
Karaputar
Karaputar was a municipality of Lamjung District in Gandaki Province of central Nepal. The municipality was established on 19 September 2015 by merging the existing Bangre, Bhorletar, Isaneshwor and Karapu village development committees (VDCs). The center of the municipality was established in the former VDC Office of Karapu Bazaar. After merging the four VDC's population it had a total population of 10,836 according to 2011 Nepal census. After the government decision the number of municipalities has reached 217 in Nepal. This municipality finally merged with Madhyanepal municipality on 10 March 2017. Madhyanepal established the same day with part of Karaputar municipality.

Ishaneshwar
Ishaneshwar  is a village development committee in Lamjung District in the Gandaki Zone of northern-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2517 people living in 522 individual households.
Gikeiki
The Gikeiki (義経記) or Chronicle of Yoshitsune is a Japanese gunki monogatari ("war-tale") that focuses on the legends of Minamoto no Yoshitsune and his followers. It is the oldest extant collection of stories concerning Yoshitune's boyhood and fugitive years and the single most important source for the Yoshitune legend which is written about how a legend is born and how a folk hero is shaped. It seems clearly to have intended to supplement Heike Monogatari and other tales of the war. Thought to have been written during the Nanboku-chō period, from the perspective of literature, it has provided inspiration to numerous Noh, kabuki and bunraku plays. Much of the image that people today have of Yoshitsune and those associated with him (Saitō no Musashibō Benkei and Shizuka Gozen, for example) is considered to have been influenced by the Gikeiki. It is also thought that this work is comparable to "Soga Brothers Monogatari", a work from the same period.

The Tale of the Heike
The Tale of the Heike (平家物語, Heike Monogatari) is an epic account compiled prior to 1330 of the struggle between the Taira clan and Minamoto clan for control of Japan at the end of the 12th century in the Genpei War (1180–1185).

It has been translated into English at least five times. The first translation was by Arthur Lindsay Sadler, in 1918–1921. A complete translation in nearly 800 pages by Hiroshi Kitagawa & Bruce T. Tsuchida was published in 1975. It was also translated by Helen McCullough in 1988. An abridged translation by Burton Watson was published in 2006.  In 2012, Royall Tyler completed his translation, which, he says, seeks to be mindful of the performance style for which the work was originally intended.

Historical novelist Eiji Yoshikawa published a prose rendering in the Asahi Weekly in 1950, under the title New Tale of the Heike (Shin Heike Monogatari).
Atlas Network
Atlas Network, formerly known as Atlas Economic Research Foundation, is a non-governmental 501(c)(3) organization based in the United States that provides training, networking, and grants for libertarian, free-market, and conservative groups around the world.

Atlas Network was founded in 1981 by Antony Fisher, a British entrepreneur, who wanted to connect various think tanks via a global network. Described as "a think tank that creates think tanks", the organization partners with nearly 600 organizations in over 100 countries.

Pacific Research Institute
The Pacific Research Institute for Public Policy (PRI) is a California-based free-market think tank which promotes "the principles of individual freedom and personal responsibility" through policies that emphasize a free economy, private initiative, and limited government. PRI was founded in 1979 by British philanthropist Antony Fisher and San Francisco businessman James North. The organization is headquartered in Pasadena, California, with an additional office in Sacramento.
Haddock
The haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) is a saltwater ray-finned fish from the family Gadidae, the true cods. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Melanogrammus. It is found in the North Atlantic Ocean and associated seas, where it is an important species for fisheries, especially in northern Europe, where it is marketed fresh, frozen and smoked; smoked varieties include the Finnan haddie and the Arbroath smokie.  Other smoked versions include long boneless, the filleted side of larger haddock smoked in oak chips with the skin left on the fillet.

Smoked fish
Smoked fish is fish that has been cured by smoking. Foods have been smoked by humans throughout history. Originally this was done as a preservative. In more recent times, fish is readily preserved by refrigeration and freezing and the smoking of fish is generally done for the unique taste and flavour imparted by the smoking process.
Ghulam Mohammed (politician)
Ghulam Mohammed (Hindi: ग़ुलाम मुहम्मद) is an Indian politician and a member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly of India. He represents the Siwalkhas constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Rashtriya Lok Dal  political party.

Siwalkhas Assembly constituency
Siwalkhas Assembly constituency is one of the 403 constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India. It is a part of the Meerut district and one of the five assembly constituencies in the Baghpat Lok Sabha constituency. First election in this assembly constituency was held in 1974 after the "Delimitation Order, 1967" was passed and the constituency was constituted in 1967. The constituency is assigned identification number 43 subsequent to the "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008".
Robert Herndon Fife Jr.
Robert Herndon Fife Jr. (November 18, 1871 – January 8, 1958) was an American academic who specialized in German studies and served as Gebhard Professor of German and Chair of the German Department at Columbia University. He was the founder of The Germanic Review, former President of the AATG and President of the MLA. Fife wrote on German history, German language and literature, Martin Luther, and German romanticism and edited works by Heinrich Heine, E. T. A. Hoffmann and Ludwig Tieck.

Modern Language Association
The Modern Language Association of America, often referred to as the Modern Language Association (MLA), is widely considered the principal professional association in the United States for scholars of language and literature. The MLA aims to "strengthen the study and teaching of language and literature". The organization includes over 20,000 members in 100 countries, primarily academic scholars, professors, and graduate students who study or teach language and literature, including English, other modern languages, and comparative literature. Although founded in the United States, with offices in New York City, the MLA's membership, concerns, reputation, and influence are international in scope.
Lucy Dathan
Lucy Dathan is an American politician who serves as a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from the 142nd district, comprising parts of New Canaan and Norwalk. She was born in St. Louis, Missouri, and has three children.

New Canaan, Connecticut
New Canaan (/ˈkeɪnən/) is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut. The population was 20,622 according to the 2020 census. The town is part of the Western Connecticut Planning Region.

The town is considered part of Connecticut's Gold Coast. The town is bounded on the south by Darien, to the west by Stamford, on the east by Wilton, on the southeast by Norwalk, and on the north by Lewisboro and Pound Ridge in Westchester County, New York.

New Canaan is known for its architecture and public parks such as Waveny Park, and a town center with boutiques. Residents sing carols on God's Acre every Christmas Eve, a town tradition since 1916.
Maiden Tower (Szczecin)
The Maiden Tower (Polish: Baszta Panieńska; German: Frauenturm), also known as the Tower of Seven Coats (Polish: Baszta Siedmiu Płaszczy; German: Siebenmantelturm), is a historic Gothic defensive tower in Szczecin, Poland. It is located at 47 Panieńska Street in the administrative neighbourhood of the Old Town. It was constructed in the 15th century, sometime before 1462, as part of the city fortifications. It was decommissioned in the 18th century, and partially deconstructed at the turn of 20th century. Its base was used to construct a tenement, which was ultimately destroyed in 1944, while the tower was reconstructed and restored between 1961 and 1964.

Old Town, Szczecin
Old Town (Polish: Stare Miasto; German: Altstadt), and the core of the historic old German port city of Stettin until 1950,  is a municipal neighborhood of the modern city of Szczecin, now in Poland, situated on the left bank of the Oder river. It is the oldest historical district in the city. As of March 2021 it had a population of 3,901.
South African Class 16E
The Spoornet Class 16E of 1990 was a South African electric locomotive.

During 1990 and 1991, Spoornet semi-permanently coupled several pairs of otherwise unmodified Series 2 to Series 9 Class 6E1 electric locomotives, reclassified them to Class 16E and allocated a single shared unit number to each pair, with the individual locomotives in the pairs inscribed "A" or "B".

Transnet Freight Rail
Transnet Freight Rail is a South African rail transport company, formerly known as Spoornet.  It was part of the South African Railways and Harbours Administration, a state-controlled organisation that employed hundreds of thousands of people for decades from the first half of the 20th century and was widely referred to by the initials SAR&H (SAS&H in Afrikaans). Customer complaints about serious problems with Transnet Freight Rail's service were reported in 2010. Its head office is in Inyanda House in Parktown, Johannesburg.
Additive map
In algebra, an additive map, -linear map or additive function is a function  that preserves the addition operation:

for every pair of elements  and  in the domain of ⁠⁠. For example, any linear map is additive. When the domain is the real numbers, this is Cauchy's functional equation. For a specific case of this definition, see additive polynomial.

More formally, an additive map is a -module homomorphism.  Since an abelian group is a -module, it may be defined as a group homomorphism between abelian groups.

A map  that is additive in each of two arguments separately is called a bi-additive map or a -bilinear map.

Abelian group
In mathematics, an abelian group, also called a commutative group, is a group in which the result of applying the group operation to two group elements does not depend on the order in which they are written. That is, the group operation is commutative. With addition as an operation, the integers and the real numbers form abelian groups, and the concept of an abelian group may be viewed as a generalization of these examples. Abelian groups are named after the Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel.

The concept of an abelian group underlies many fundamental algebraic structures, such as fields, rings, vector spaces, and algebras. The theory of abelian groups is generally simpler than that of their non-abelian counterparts, and finite abelian groups are very well understood and fully classified.
Pankaj Mishra
Pankaj Mishra FRSL (born 9 February 1969) is an Indian essayist, novelist, and socialist. His non-fiction works include The World After Gaza, Temptations of the West: How to Be Modern in India, Pakistan, Tibet, and Beyond, along with From the Ruins of Empire: The Intellectuals Who Remade Asia, and A Great Clamour: Encounters with China and Its Neighbours, and he has published two novels. He is a prolific contributor to periodicals such as The Guardian, Harper's Magazine, The New York Times, The New Yorker and the New York Review of Books and was previously a Bloomberg Opinion columnist. His writings have led to a number of controversies, including disputes with Salil Tripathi, Niall Ferguson, and Jordan Peterson. He was awarded the Windham–Campbell Prize for non-fiction in 2014 and the Weston International Award in 2024.

Bloomberg L.P.
Bloomberg L.P. is an American privately held financial, software, data, and media company headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It was co-founded by Michael Bloomberg in 1981, with Thomas Secunda, Duncan MacMillan, Charles Zegar, and a 12% ownership investment by Merrill Lynch.

Bloomberg L.P. provides financial software tools and enterprise applications such as analytics and an equity trading platform, data services, and news to financial companies and organizations through the Bloomberg Terminal (via its Bloomberg Professional Service), its core revenue-generating product. Bloomberg L.P. also includes a news agency (Bloomberg News), a global television network (Bloomberg Television), websites, radio stations (Bloomberg Radio), subscription-only newsletters, and two magazines: Bloomberg Businessweek and Bloomberg Markets.

As of 2019, the company has 176 locations and nearly 20,000 employees.
Jill Duff
Jillian Louise Calland Duff (called Jill; née Worsley; born 1972) is a British Anglican bishop. Since 2018, she has been the Bishop of Lancaster, a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Blackburn. Previously, she had been Director of St Mellitus College, North West, an Anglican theological college, from 2013 to 2018.

Before ordination, she studied chemistry at university and worked in the oil industry. After ordination in the Church of England, she served in the Diocese of Liverpool in parish ministry, chaplaincy, and church planting.

Church planting
Church planting is a term referring to the process (mostly in Protestant frameworks) that results in a new local Christian congregation being established. It should be distinguished from church development, where a new service, worship center or fresh expression is created that is integrated into an already established congregation. For a local church to be planted, it must eventually have a separate life of its own and be able to function without its parent body, even if it continues to stay in relationship denominationally or through being part of a network.
Máximo Santiago Haza
Máximo Santiago Haza -J4 was a school of medicine located in a small municipality Jagüey Grande situated in Matanzas Province, Cuba. It contained Medical students all from Pakistan till late 2009. It was one of three schools accommodated by Pakistani students during 2007 and they were evacuated by the Government because of heavy protests and students negation to further study in these schools.

Jagüey Grande
Jagüey Grande, simply known as Jagüey (Spanish pronunciation: [xaˈɣwej]), is a town and municipality in the Matanzas Province of Cuba. It is located east of the Zapata Peninsula, north of the Bahia de Cochinos, along the A1 motorway in the center of the province.
Kijō, Miyazaki
Kijō (木城町, Kijō-chō) is a town located in Koyu District, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2023, the town has an estimated population of 4,642 in 1857 households, and a  population density of 32 persons per km2.  The total area of the town is 145.96 square kilometres (56.36 sq mi).

Miyazaki Prefecture
Miyazaki Prefecture (宮崎県, Miyazaki-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲi.jaꜜ.(d)za.kʲi, -ja.(d)za.kʲi̥ꜜ.keɴ, -(d)zaꜜ.kʲi̥.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Miyazaki Prefecture has a population of 1,028,215 as of 1 January 2025 and has a geographic area of 7,735 km2 (2,986 sq mi). Miyazaki Prefecture borders Ōita Prefecture to the north, Kumamoto Prefecture to the northwest, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the southwest.

Miyazaki is the capital and largest city of Miyazaki Prefecture, with other major cities including Miyakonojō, Nobeoka, and Hyūga. Miyazaki Prefecture is located in southeastern Kyūshū on Japan's Pacific coast, with its coastline extending from Nobeoka near the entrance to the Bungo Channel to Shibushi Bay in Kushima.