hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdullahi Mohammed
Abdullahi Mohammed (1939 – 5 November 2025) was a Nigerian Army major general who served as chief of staff to presidents Olusegun Obasanjo and Umaru Musa Yar'Adua from 1999 to 2008; National Security Adviser to General Abdusalami Abubakar from 1998 to 1999; Director General of the National Security Organisation from 1976 to 1979; and Governor of Benue-Plateau State, Nigeria, from July 1975 to February 1976 during the military regime of General Murtala Mohammed.

Abdulsalami Abubakar
Abdulsalami Abubakar GCFR (/ˌɑːbdəlsəˈlæmi ˌɑːbuˈbɑːkɑːr/ ⓘ; born 13 June 1942) is a retired Nigerian army general who served as the military head of state of Nigeria from 1998 to 1999. He was also Chief of Defence Staff from 1997 to 1998. He succeeded General Sani Abacha upon the latter's death.

During his leadership, Nigeria adopted a modified version of the 1979 constitution, which provided for multiparty elections. He transferred power to president-elect Olusegun Obasanjo on 29 May 1999. He is the current Chairman of the National Peace Committee.
2006 Ryder Cup
The 36th Ryder Cup Matches were held 22–24 September 2006 in Ireland at the Palmer Course of the K Club in Straffan, County Kildare, west of Dublin. It was the first time the event was played in Ireland.

Europe won by 181⁄2 to 91⁄2 points, equalling their record winning margin of two years earlier for their third consecutive win, a first for Europe. Swedish rookie Henrik Stenson made the winning putt, just moments after Luke Donald sank a putt to ensure Europe retained the trophy.

2004 Ryder Cup
The 35th Ryder Cup Matches were held September 17–19, 2004, in the United States at the South Course of Oakland Hills Country Club in Bloomfield Township, Michigan, a suburb northwest of Detroit.

The European team won the competition by a margin of 181⁄2 to 91⁄2 points, The victory margin was the largest by a European team in the history of the event, and the largest by either side since 1981, when Team USA defeated Team Europe by the same score. It was also the largest margin of defeat for the USA since the competition started in 1927.
Grand People's Study House
The Grand People's Study House is the national library of North Korea, located in the capital city of Pyongyang. The library was built in 1982 in honour of the Supreme Leader Kim Il Sung's 70th birthday. It is located in the centre of the capital, situated on Kim Il Sung Square by the banks of the Taedong River and opposite the Juche Tower. Both landmarks establish a connection between the people and the Juche ideology.

The library opened as the Pyongyang City Library on 13 November 1945, but was destroyed during the Korean War, reopening in 1954. The library is the centre of Juche studies, but lectures and materials concerning other topics, as well as foreign publications, can also be found there. Materials are strictly accessible to librarians and staff, but people can still search the online or print catalogues to find what they would like to borrow. A formal communication from the library is issued to the offender's employer if a borrowed item is not returned on time.

Juche Tower
The Juche Tower (more formally, the Tower of the Juche Idea; Korean: 주체사상탑), completed in 1982, is a 170-metre (560 ft) monument in Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, and the tallest structure in the city. The monument is named after the ideology of Juche introduced by the country's first leader, Kim Il Sung.

The Juche Tower is situated on the east bank of the River Taedong, directly opposite Kim Il Sung Square on the west bank. It was built to commemorate Kim Il Sung's 70th birthday.

The 170-metre (560 ft) structure is composed of a four-sided tapering 150-metre (490 ft) spire – the tallest granite structure in the world – containing 25,550 blocks (one for each day of the first 70 years of Kim Il Sung's life), dressed in white stone with seventy dividers and capped with a 20-metre (66 ft)-high 45-ton permanently illuminated metal torch.
Raphael Thattil
Raphael Thattil (Syriac: ܡܳܪܝ ܪܰܦܳܐܝܶܠ ܛܰܛܺܝܠ) (born 21 April 1956) is an Indian prelate who serves as the Major Archbishop of the Syro-Malabar Church, the largest Eastern Catholic Church, and as the Metropolitan Archbishop of Ernakulam-Angamaly since January 2024.

Thattil was appointed and installed as the auxiliary bishop of Thrissur in 2010 to serve along with metropolitan archbishop Andrews Thazhath. In 2013, Pope Francis appointed him as the apostolic visitator for all members of the Syro-Malabar Church in India outside their own territory. He served in these roles until he was appointed the first bishop of the newly erected Eparchy of Shamshabad in 2017. In January 2024, he was elected major archbishop by the Holy Synod of the Syro-Malabar Church to succeed George Alencherry (2011-2023).

Major archbishop of the Syro-Malabar Church
The Syro-Malabar Church, an Eastern Catholic Church within the Catholic Church, is led by the Major Archbishop of Ernakulam-Angamaly in Kerala, India. The Major Archbishop holds the following title;

Father and Head of the Syro-Malabar Church

Major-Archbishop of the Ernakulam-Angamaly

President of the Holy Synod of the Syro-Malabar Church

Metropolitan of the Ecclesiastical Province of Ernakulam-Angamaly

Metropolitan and Gate of All-India

Successor to the throne of Mar Thoma Sliha

By virtue of his office, he is a member of the Dicastery for Eastern Churches and ranks second in the order of precedence among Major-Archbishops of the Catholic Church.
Harjit Singh Arora
Air Marshal Harjit Singh Arora PVSM, AVSM, ADC (25 June 1961 – 21 January 2023) was an officer of the Indian Air Force and served as the Vice Chief of the Air Staff from 1 October 2019 to 30 June 2021. He was succeeded by Air Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari.

Vice Chief of the Air Staff (India)
The Vice Chief of the Air Staff (VCAS) is a statutory office held by the second-highest ranking officer of the Indian Air Force (IAF). Customarily held by a three-star air marshal, the VCAS is the senior most Principal Staff Officer (PSO) to the Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) - the professional head of the IAF. By duty, the VCAS has dual roles: in wartime, to oversee operational planning, capability build-up and force deployment during wartime; in peacetime, to act as an understudy to the CAS during peacetime.

The present VCAS is Air Marshal Nagesh Kapoor who assumed the office on 1 January 2026.
Gorica, Krško
Gorica (pronounced [ɡɔˈɾiːtsa]) is a village south of Drnovo in the Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

The local church is dedicated to Saint Paul and belongs to the Parish of Leskovec pri Krškem. It has a rectangular Romanesque nave, which was extended in the 18th century when a vaulted sanctuary was added.

A number of Roman graves and an aedicula have been found in the area, indicating the southern extent of the nearby Nevidonium necropolis. Nearby a Roman potter's kiln was also uncovered.

Drnovo
Drnovo (pronounced [dəɾˈnɔːʋɔ] or [dəɾˈnoːʋɔ]; German: Dernowo) is a village south of Leskovec in the City Municipality of Krško in eastern Slovenia. It lies just north of the motorway from Ljubljana to Zagreb.

The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

The local church is dedicated to John the Baptist and belongs to the Parish of Leskovec pri Krškem. It is a Baroque building from the 17th century. Its belfry was made higher in 1907.
Ruakākā
Ruakākā is a small town on Bream Bay, in Whangarei District in the north of New Zealand, around 30 kilometres south of central Whangārei. Originally a small beachside community, Ruakākā saw development in the 1980s due to expansion of nearby Marsden Point, New Zealand's sole oil refinery. A recently established timber processing plant at Marsden Point has further stimulated growth.

Whangārei
Whangārei is the northernmost city in New Zealand and the largest settlement of the Northland Region. It is part of the Whangarei District, created in 1989 from the former Whangarei City, Whangarei County and Hikurangi Town councils to administer both the city and its hinterland. The city population was estimated to be 56,100 in June 2025, an increase from 47,000 in 2001.
Princess Adelheid of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
Princess Adelheid of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym (German: Prinzessin Adelheid von Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym; 23 February 1800 – 13 September 1820) was a princess of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym by birth as the daughter of Victor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym. As the wife of Duke Paul Frederick Augustus of Oldenburg, she became a Duchess of Oldenburg by marriage.

Duchy of Oldenburg
The Duchy of Oldenburg (German: Herzogtum Oldenburg), named for its capital, the town of Oldenburg, was a state in the north-west of present-day Germany.

On the death of Count Anthony Günther in 1667, the county of Oldenburg was inherited by King Frederick III of Denmark, a member of the Danish line of the House of Oldenburg. In 1773, the Treaty of Tsarskoye Selo transferred the county to Frederick August I of the junior Holstein-Gottorp branch. Subsequently, the county was elevated to a duchy.

After annexation by the French Empire in 1810, the duchy was restored as a grand duchy in 1815. Duke Peter I assumed the title of Grand Duke of Oldenburg in 1823.

Over time, the House of Oldenburg came to rule in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Greece and Russia. The heir of a junior line of the Greek branch, through Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, hold the thrones of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms after the passing of Queen Elizabeth II.
Amarpur, Tripura Assembly constituency
Amarpur Legislative Assembly constituency is one of the 60 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Tripura state in India.

It is part of Gomati district. As of 2023, it is represented by Ranjit Das of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Gomati district
Gomati district is a district of Tripura, India. This district was created in January 2012 when four new districts were created in Tripura, taking the number of districts in the state from four to eight. Udaipur is its headquarters.

The district is famous for its Mata Tripura Sundari Temple which is situated about 3 km away from Udaipur at Matabari. The temple is one of the 51 Mahapithasthans of India. The Gomati figures prominently in Tripura's native folklore, culture, religious rites and ritual so much so that Tripuri people perform posthumous rites.
Flag of Blackbeard
The purported flag of Blackbeard, a variant of the "Old Roger design", consisting of a horned skeleton holding an hourglass and using a spear to pierce a bleeding heart, is typically attributed to the pirate Edward Teach, better known as Blackbeard. However, contrary to popular belief, there is no accurate description of any specific flag used by Blackbeard during his piracy beyond using "bloody flags" or black flags with "deaths heads". Records from as early as 1723 report a flag of the same or very similar design to have been used by pirates, but not by Blackbeard in particular.

Old Roger (Jolly Roger)
The Old Roger flag is a loose term for a historical variant of the pirate ensign Jolly Roger, whose motif consists of a skeleton on a black field, holding an hourglass in one hand and a dart striking a heart in the other. The general design is noted to have been used by a number of Golden Age pirates, but the association with the name Old Roger is modern.

The name "Old Roger" is an old humorous or familiar name for the devil, or death.
Emoinu Fish Fest
The Emoinu Fish Fest (Meitei: Emoinu Nga Kumhei), also known as the Imoinu Fish Festival(Meitei: Imoinu Nga Kummei), is an annual grand fair, organised by the Department of Fisheries, Government of Manipur, on the 12th day of the Meitei lunar month of "Wakching", which is traditionally, the day of Emoinu Eratpa (Imoinu Iratpa), the sacred festival dedicated to Emoinu (Imoinu), the ancient Meitei goddess of wealth and prosperity. 
The first edition of the event was organised on 3 January 2023.
The event was organised in the Hapta Kangjeibung in Imphal East district, Manipur.

The fish festival commenced from the morning of the very day, due to the fact that there was ritual ceremony during the nighttime.
During this festival, "Sareng" (Meitei: ꯁꯥꯔꯦꯡ, romanized: sā-reng, lit. 'Wallago attu') was made available abundantly, besides other fish species.

Imoinu Iratpa
Imoinu Iratpa or Emoinu Iratpa or Wakching Taranithoini Pānba is a religious festival celebrated by the Meitei people. It is a festival of lights dedicated to the goddess of wealth and prosperity, Imoinu Ahongbi. The festival is celebrated on the twelfth lunar day of Wakching month of Meitei calendar. The festival is celebrated in Manipur, Assam and Tripura states in North Eastern India and observed by some in the neighboring Myanmar. The festival involves sacrifices and prayers to the goddess, followed by various other cultural events.
Picardy Spaniel
The Picardy Spaniel is a breed of dog developed in France for use as a gundog. It is related to the Blue Picardy Spaniel, and still has many similarities, but the Picardy Spaniel is the older of the two breeds. It is thought to be one of the two oldest continental spaniel breeds and was favoured by the French nobility, remaining popular for hunting after the French Revolution due to its weather resistant coat that enabled it to hunt in a variety of conditions and terrain. However its popularity waned following the influx of English hunting breeds in the early 20th century. Slightly smaller than an English Setter but larger than most of its spaniel cousins, it has no major health issues although as with many breeds with pendulous ears, it can be prone to ear infections.

Spaniel
A spaniel is a type of gun dog. Spaniels were especially bred to flush game out of denser brush. By the late 17th century, spaniels had been specialized into water and land breeds. The extinct English Water Spaniel was used to retrieve water fowl shot down with arrows. Land spaniels were setting spaniels—those that crept forward and pointed their game, allowing hunters to ensnare them with nets, and springing spaniels — those that sprang pheasants and partridges (for hunting with falcon) and also rabbits and smaller mammals such as rats and mice (for hunting with greyhounds). During the 17th century, the role of the spaniel dramatically changed as Englishmen began hunting with flintlocks for wing shooting. Charles Goodall and Julia Gasow (1984) write that spaniels were "transformed from untrained, wild beaters, to smooth, polished gun dogs."

The word "spaniel" would seem to be derived from the medieval French espaigneul—"Spanish"—to modern French, espagnol.
Taree High School
Taree High School (abbreviated THS) is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school in Taree, a regional centre of the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1908, THS is the oldest of the high schools in the Taree area, servicing Taree and the Manning Valley area, and the school enrolled approximately 833 students in 2020, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 20 percent identified as Indigenous Australians and four percent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; and the executive principal is Nigel Reece.

Manning River
Manning River (Biripi: Boolumbahtee), an open and trained mature wave dominated barrier estuary, is located in the Northern Tablelands and Mid North Coast districts of New South Wales, Australia. It is the only double delta river in the southern hemisphere in which there are two permanent entrances to the river, one at Old Bar and another at Harrington, and is famously one of only two rivers in the world to have permanent multiple entrances with the other being the Nile river in Egypt.
Overdrive voltage
Overdrive voltage, usually abbreviated as VOV, is typically referred to in the context of MOSFET transistors.  The overdrive voltage is defined as the voltage between transistor gate and source (VGS) in excess of the threshold voltage (VTH) where VTH is defined as the minimum voltage required between gate and source to turn the transistor on (allow it to conduct electricity).  Due to this definition, overdrive voltage is also known as "excess gate voltage" or "effective voltage."  Overdrive voltage can be found using the simple equation: VOV = VGS − VTH.

Threshold voltage
The threshold voltage, commonly abbreviated as Vth or VGS(th), of a field-effect transistor (FET) is the minimum gate-to-source voltage (VGS) that is needed to create a conducting path between the source and drain terminals. It is an important scaling factor to maintain power efficiency.

When referring to a junction field-effect transistor (JFET), the threshold voltage is often called pinch-off voltage instead. This is somewhat confusing since pinch off applied to insulated-gate field-effect transistor (IGFET) refers to the channel pinching that leads to current saturation behavior under high source–drain bias, even though the current is never off. Unlike pinch off, the term threshold voltage is unambiguous and refers to the same concept in any field-effect transistor.
The Boat Race 1992
The 138th Boat Race took place on 4 April 1992. Held annually, the Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing race between crews from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge along the River Thames.  Cambridge cox Andrew Probert was the oldest competitor in Boat Race history at the age of 38 years and 86 days.  Oxford won by 1+1⁄4 lengths, the closest margin of victory for twenty years.  The race also featured the first German competitor in the history of the event in Dirk Bangert.  Umpired by former Cambridge rower Roger Stephens, Mike Rosewell writing in The Times described the race as "one of the greatest races since 1829".

In the reserve race, Cambridge's Goldie defeated Oxford's Isis, while Cambridge won the Women's Boat Race.

Cambridge University Boat Club
The Cambridge University Boat Club (CUBC) is the rowing club of the University of Cambridge, England. The club was founded in 1828 and has been located at the Goldie Boathouse on the River Cam, Cambridge since 1882. Nowadays, training primarily takes place on the River Great Ouse at Ely.

The prime constitutional aim of CUBC is to beat Oxford University Boat Club in the annual Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race and Lightweight Boat Races. CUBC's Openweight Men's squad currently lead Oxford in the series by 87 races to 81, with 1 dead heat in The Boat Race 1877, while the Openweight Women's squad lead Oxford by 48 races to 30.  The Lightweight Men's squad lead Oxford by 31 races to 19, and the Lightweight Women's squad lead Oxford by 24 races to 17.
Apostles' Fast
The Apostles' Fast, also called the Fast of the Holy Apostles, the Fast of Peter and Paul, or sometimes St. Peter's Fast, is a fast observed by Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Eastern Catholic, and Eastern Protestant Christians. In the Byzantine tradition, the Fast begins on the second Monday after Pentecost (the day after All Saints' Sunday), whereas in the Coptic and old Syriac traditions, the Fast begins on the first Monday after Pentecost.

It continues until the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul on June 29. Traditionally, its duration varies from eight to forty-two days because of the moveable nature of Pascha. However, in Eastern Orthodox churches that follow the Revised Julian calendar, the fast can be as long as 29 days, or may not occur at all in some years.

Pentecost
Pentecost (also called Whit Sunday, Whitsunday or Whitsun) is a Christian holiday that takes place on the 49th day (50th day when inclusive counting is used) after Easter. It commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles of Jesus, Mary, and other followers of the Christ, while they were in Jerusalem celebrating the Feast of Weeks, as described in the Acts of the Apostles (Acts 2:1–31). Pentecost marks the "Birthday of the Church".

Pentecost is one of the Great feasts in the Eastern Orthodox Church, a Solemnity in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, a Festival in the Lutheran Churches, and a Principal Feast in the Anglican Communion. Many Christian denominations provide a special liturgy for this holy celebration. Since its date depends on the date of Easter, Pentecost is a "moveable feast". The Monday after Pentecost is a legal holiday in many European, African and Caribbean countries.
Western Iran clashes (2016–present)
The ongoing clashes in Western Iran refers to the ongoing military clashes between Kurdish insurgent party Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI) and the Iranian Revolutionary Guards, which began in April 2016. Kurdistan Freedom Party (PAK) and Komalah expressed their support to the Kurdish cause of PDKI as well, with both clashing with Iranian security forces in 2016 and 2017 respectively. In parallel, a leftist Iranian Kurdish rebel group PJAK resumed military activities against Iran in 2016, following a long period of stalemate.

The 2016 clashes came following a background of what PDKI described as "growing discontent in Rojhelat". The commander of the PAK military wing described their engagement and declaration of hostilities against the Iranian government were due to the fact that "the situation in eastern Kurdistan (Iranian Kurdistan) has become unbearable, especially with the daily arbitrary executions against the Kurds [in Iran]".

Kurdistan Freedom Party
Kurdistan Freedom Party (Kurdish: پارتی ئازادیی کوردستان, romanized: Partî Azadîyê Kurdistan, abbreviated as PAK) is a Kurdish nationalist and separatist militant group of Kurds in Iran, based in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRG).

The group has declared the creation of an independent Kurdish country or a 'Republic of Kurdistan' as its main aim.
Alberta Adams
Alberta Adams (July 26, 1917 – December 25, 2014) was an American blues singer.

Raised in Detroit, Michigan, she began performing as a tap dancer and nightclub singer in the 1930s. In 1952, she signed a recording contract with Chess Records and recorded with Red Saunders for the label. She toured with Duke Ellington, Eddie Vinson, Louis Jordan, Lionel Hampton, and T-Bone Walker, among others.

In her solo career, she secured a recording contract with the now-defunct Cannonball Records and recorded two albums for them: Born with the Blues (1999) and Say Baby Say (2000). Her 2004 album, I'm on the Move, was released by Eastlawn Records. In 2006 she released the EP Detroit's Queen of the Blues, which was named Outstanding Blues/R&B Recording at the 2006 Detroit Music Awards. At age 91 she recorded Detroit Is My Home, with Ann Rabson and Thornetta Davis.

T-Bone Walker
Aaron Thibeaux "T-Bone" Walker (May 28, 1910 – March 16, 1975) was an American blues musician, composer, songwriter and bandleader, who was a pioneer and innovator of the jump blues, West Coast blues, and electric blues sounds. In 2018  Rolling Stone magazine ranked him number 67 on its list of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".
FC Barcelona (youth)
Futbol Club Barcelona Juvenil are the under-19 team of Spanish professional football club Barcelona and the final stage of progression in the club's youth academy commonly referred to as La Masia. The Juvenil team play in the Group III of the División de Honor Juvenil de Fútbol where their main rivals are Damm, Espanyol, and Mallorca.

They also participate in the national Copa de Campeones Juvenil and the Copa del Rey Juvenil, qualification for which is dependent on final league group position. The team has also taken part in the continental UEFA Youth League; they won in 2014, 2018 and 2025

División de Honor Juvenil de Fútbol
The División de Honor Juvenil is the top level of the Spanish football league system for youth players 19  years old and under. The División de Honor is administered by the RFEF through the Liga Nacional de Fútbol Aficionado (LNFA).