hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Douglas Indian Village
The Douglas Indian Village (Akáx Yaa Andagán) was the winter village of the Taku Kwáan Tlingit.  The village was on Douglas Island, now a part of Juneau, Alaska, United States.  In the summer of 1962, while the residents were away at Fish Camp, the village was declared abandoned and set on fire to make way for the Douglas Harbor.

Taku people
The Taku are an Alaska Native people, a ḵwáan or geographic subdivision of the Tlingit, known in their own language as the Tʼaaḵu Ḵwáan or "Geese Flood Upriver Tribe".  The Taku traditionally lived along the northwestern coast of North America, in the area that is now the Alexander Archipelago of Alaska, and on the lower basin of the Taku River of the adjoining British Columbia mainland above that river's mouth.

Some Taku Tlingit are enrolled in the Douglas Indian Association, a federally recognized tribe headquartered in Juneau. Others are enrolled in the Taku River Tlingit First Nation, a First Nation in Canada.
Vasile Ursu
Vasile Ursu (born 1 August 1948) is a Moldovan engineer and politician, MP at the first Parliament of the Republic of Moldova in 1990-1994, acting interim general mayor of Chișinău in 2005-2007 and minister of transport and road management for 2007-2008. In 2008-2009 he held the position of Deputy Minister of Construction and Territory Development.

Vasile Ursu is one of the 278 delegates of the first parliament of the former Moldovan SSR (later known as the Republic of Moldova), who voted the Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Moldova on 27 August 1991.

Moldovan Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Moldova (Romanian: Declarația de independență a Republicii Moldova) was a document adopted on 27 August 1991 by the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova following the failure of the August coup attempt.
Aliheydar Garayev
Aliheydar Agakerim oglu Garayev (Azerbaijani: Əliheydər Ağakərim oğlu Qarayev) (June 20, 1896 – April 24, 1938) also spelled as Ali Heydar Garayev, was an Azerbaijani Menshevik and later Bolshevik revolutionary, People's Commissar of Justice of Azerbaijan SSR, People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs of Azerbaijan during Soviet period.

Ministry of Defence (Azerbaijan)
The Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Müdafiə Nazirliyi) or MN is an Azerbaijani government agency that is associated with the Azerbaijani military. The ministry is responsible for keeping Azerbaijan defended against external threats, preserving its territorial integrity, waging war on behalf of Azerbaijan (for example, Azerbaijan's contribution to the war on terror), and the surveillance of the Azerbaijani sector of the Caspian Sea sea and airspace. The Minister of Defence is appointed and removed from the post by the Commander-in-chief of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces, the President of Azerbaijan.

The ministry building is located in Baku, at 3 Parliament Avenue.
Karuna Nundy
Karuna Nundy is an Indian lawyer and Senior Advocate at the Supreme Court of India, designated as a Senior Advocate in 2024. She is qualified to practice in both India and New York. Her notable cases include enforcing blockchain regulations on behalf of Paytm against telecom companies, securing damages for a disability rights activist against SpiceJet, and addressing issues related to platform liability and online speech restrictions. She has also worked on efforts to provide safe water to Bhopal gas disaster victims. Her practice areas include constitutional law, commercial litigation, arbitration, intellectual property, technology law, and international law. She also serves as a mediator at the Supreme Court Mediation Centre.

SpiceJet
SpiceJet is an Indian low-cost airline headquartered in Gurgaon, Haryana. As of May 2025, it is the fourth largest airline in India by number of domestic passengers carried, with a market share of 4% and connects 73 destinations, including 60 Indian and 13 international from its bases at Delhi and Hyderabad.

Established as air taxi provider ModiLuft in 1994, the company was acquired by Indian entrepreneur Ajay Singh in 2004 and renamed to SpiceJet. The airline operated its first flight in May 2005. Indian media baron Kalanidhi Maran acquired a controlling stake in SpiceJet in June 2010 through Sun Group which was sold back to Ajay Singh in January 2015. The airline operates a fleet of Boeing 737 and Bombardier Dash 8 aircraft.
American Tang Soo Do
American Tang Soo Do is a hybrid martial art brought to the US by Shin Jae Chul  who was sent to Springfield, NJ by Hwang Kee in the mid-60’s. Tang Soo Do combined the Korean martial art of Tang Soo Do (Moo Duk Kwan) with Japanese styles of Judo, Shito-ryu Karate and Shotokan Karate. Over the years it has been further developed by former black belts of his and their students.

Moo Duk Kwan
Moo Duk Kwan is the name of a martial art organization founded by Hwang Kee in South Korea in 1945. Licensed Moo Duk Kwan schools teach Soo Bahk Do, formerly Tang Soo Do (and earlier 'Hwa Soo Do'). 'Moo Duk Kwan' translates as "School of Martial Virtue".
Tang Soo Do Moo Duk Kwan translates to “the brotherhood and school of stopping inner and outer conflict and developing virtue according to the way of the worthy hand”
Norfolk Marine Park
The Norfolk Marine Park (formerly known as the Norfolk Commonwealth Marine Reserve) is an Australian marine park located in the waters immediately offshore of Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia. The marine park extends 700 km (430 mi) in a north–south direction and covers an area of 188,444 km2 (72,759 sq mi). The park is assigned IUCN category IV and is one of 8 parks managed under the Temperate East Marine Parks Network.

IUCN protected area categories
IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

The enlisting of such areas is part of a strategy being used toward the conservation of the world's natural environment and biodiversity. The IUCN has developed the protected area management categories system to define, record and classify the wide variety of specific aims and concerns when categorising protected areas and their objectives. Further supplementary guidelines have been developed specific to marine protected areas (MPAs).

This categorisation method is recognised on a global scale by national governments and international bodies such as the United Nations and the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Roland (entertainer)
Roland (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese host, fashion model, TV personality, and entrepreneur. He is the representative director of Roland Group HD, Inc.  As the Kabukicho host club sales record holder, he has been nicknamed "King of the Hosts". His income amounts to 42 million yen per month; his cosmetic surgery costs have incurred more than 10 million yen, with touch-up procedures costing 200 thousand yen per month.

Host and hostess clubs
A hostess club is a type of night club found primarily in Japan which employs mostly female staff and caters to men seeking drinks and attentive conversation. Host clubs are a similar type of establishment where mostly male staff attend to women. Host and hostess clubs are considered part of mizu shōbai (lit. 'water trade'), the night-time entertainment business in Japan.
Dnevni rituali
Dnevni rituali is the ninth studio album of the Croatian rock band Aerodrom, released through Croatia Records on 22 November 2019. The album is recorded by the same band members like their previous studio release Taktika noja. The album debuted at #21 on the official Croatian Top 40 chart and peaked at #8. Six singles were released from this album, "Od sutra ne pušim", "Ispod tuša", "Ja te jednostavno volim", which peaked at #13 and spent 12 weeks on the national Top 40 singles chart, "Titanik", "Neka bude", which debuted and peaked at #22 and "Sunce mi se smije", which debuted and peaked at #27.

HR Top 100
The HR Top 100 is the main Croatian domestic singles airplay chart, issued weekly by the Croatian Music Institute (Institut Hrvatske Glazbe) and the Croatian Phonographic Association (Hrvatska Diskografska Udruga) through Top lista. The charts are a record of the most played domestic songs in various genres in Croatia. Formerly known as the HR Top 40, it became the official Croatian airplay chart in December 2012. As of 13 January 2025, the chart was expanded to include 100 entries and has been titled the HR Top 100 since then.
Lawrence H. Gipson
Lawrence Henry Gipson (December 7, 1880 – September 26, 1971) was an American historian, who won the 1950 Bancroft Prize and the 1962 Pulitzer Prize for History for volumes of his magnum opus, the fifteen-volume history of "The British Empire Before the American Revolution", published 1936–70.  He was a leader of the "Imperial school" of historians who studied the British Empire from the perspective of London, and generally praised the administrative efficiency and political fairness of the Empire.

Bancroft Prize
The Bancroft Prize is awarded each year by the trustees of Columbia University for books about diplomacy or the history of the Americas.

It was established in 1948, with a bequest from Frederic Bancroft, in his memory and that of his brother, diplomat and attorney, Edgar Addison Bancroft.

The Bancroft Prize has been generally considered to be among the most prestigious awards in the field of American history writing. It comes with a $10,000 stipend (raised from $4,000 beginning in 2004). Seventeen winners had their work supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities, and 16 winners were also recipients of the Pulitzer Prize for History.

Following independent investigations, the Bancroft Prize was rescinded from Michael A. Bellesiles after he had received it in 2000.
Erwin Strauss
Erwin S. Strauss is an American author, science fiction fan, noted member of the MITSFS, and filk musician, born in Washington, D.C. He frequently is known by the nickname "Filthy Pierre".  He was injured descending a stairway at SMOFcon 41 in December 2023, and in January 2024 announced his retirement.

Filk music
Filk music is a musical culture, genre, and community tied to science fiction, fantasy, and horror fandom and a type of fan labor. The genre has existed since the early 1950s and been played primarily since the mid-1970s. The genre has a niche but faithful popularity in the underground.
Natalia Padilla
Natalia Alessandra Padilla-Bidas (born 6 November 2002) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for Frauen-Bundesliga club Bayern Munich. Born in Spain, she represents Poland at the international level.

Poland women's national football team
The Poland women's national football team (Polish: Reprezentacja Polski w piłce nożnej kobiet) represents Poland in international women's football, and is governed by the Polish Football Association, the governing body for football in Poland.

Having played their inaugural game in 1981, the team have attempted to qualify for each major tournament from UEFA Women's Euro 1991 onwards. They have clinched their first successful qualification for a major tournament, the UEFA Women's Euro 2025, after two wins over Austria in the second round of the qualifying play-offs.
Kane (Dutch band)
Kane was a Dutch rock band formed in 1998 in the Hague. Its final lineup consisted of Dinand Woesthoff (lead vocals) and Dennis van Leeuwen (guitar), who were the sole consistent members.

At the beginning of the 2000s, Kane was seen as the biggest Dutch rock band. They achieved three number-one singles on the Dutch Top 40 and three number-one albums on the Dutch Albums Chart.

The group disbanded in 2014. In 2023, they released their first song in a decade and announced five reunion concerts for June 2024, which all sold out. After two farewell shows in October 2025, the band's reunion ended.

Dutch Album Top 100
The Dutch Album Top 100 or Album Top 100 is a weekly hit list of music albums, compiled by Dutch Charts. It shows the 100 best-selling music albums of the moment in the Netherlands. The list has passed through various name changes and has expanded from a Top 10 to a Top 100.
Brimin Kipruto
Brimin Kiprop Kipruto (born 31 July 1985) is a Kenyan professional middle-distance runner who specialises in the 3000 metres steeplechase. He was born in Korkitony, Keiyo District. He holds a personal best of 7:53.64 minutes which is the second fastest time ever run, and the African Record.  His personal best is only 0.01 of a second behind the world record of former country mate Saif Saaeed Shaheen, who switched national affiliation to Qatar after growing up as Stephen Cherono in the Keiyo District.

He won a silver medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics at the age of nineteen and improved to win the gold medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympics four years later. A World Championships bronze medallist in 2005, he took his first global title in the steeplechase with a win at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics.

2007 World Championships in Athletics
The 11th World Championships in Athletics, (Japanese: 2007年世界陸上競技選手権大会) under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), were held at Nagai Stadium in Osaka, Japan from 24 August to 2 September 2007. 200 of the IAAF's 212 member federations entered a total of 1,978 athletes, the greatest number of competitors at any World Championships to date. Sarah Brightman, the world's best-selling soprano, performed her single Running at the opening ceremony.
Clan Jetties
The Clan Jetties form a residential neighbourhood within the city of George Town in the Malaysian state of Penang. Situated within the city's central business district, it now comprises seven wooden villages lining the coastal road of Weld Quay, each owned by residents of a specific Chinese clan – Ong, Lim, Chew, Tan, Lee, Mixed Clan and Yeoh jetties.

The community of Clan Jetties came into existence gradually over a period spanning from the 1880s to the 1960s. In total, nine clan villages were built, but developments post-independence reduced their number to the current seven. After the city centre was designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2008, the Clan Jetties became a heritage tourism destination.

Yang (surname)
Yang ([jǎŋ]; simplified Chinese: 杨; traditional Chinese: 楊; pinyin: Yáng) is the transcription of a Chinese family name. It is the sixth most common surname in mainland China. It is the 16th surname on the Hundred Family Surnames text.

The Yang clan was founded by Boqiao, son of Duke Wu of Jin in the Spring and Autumn period of the Ji (姬) surname, the surname of the royal family during the Zhou dynasty c. 8th to 5th centuries BCE) who was enfeoffed in the state of Yang.
George W. Gregory
George W. "Dad" Gregory (April 19, 1879– September 6, 1946) was an American college football player, coach and lawyer. He was the starting center for the University of Michigan's "Point-a-Minute" football teams of 1901, 1902 and 1903.  He was the only player to start all 22 games for the 1901 and 1902 teams that compiled a record of 22-0 and outscored opponents 1,194 to 12. Michigan's football team was recognized as national champions for each of the three years in which Gregory was the starting center. After receiving his law degree from Michigan, Gregory moved to Seattle, Washington, where he was one of the founders of the Karr & Gregory law firm. He also served as the head football coach at Kenyon College during the 1905 football season.

Willie Heston
William Martin Heston (September 9, 1878 – September 9, 1963) was an American football player and coach.  He played halfback at San Jose State University and the University of Michigan.  Heston was the head football coach for Drake University in 1905 and North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, now North Carolina State University, in 1906. After he retired from coaching, he practiced law and served as a state court judge in Michigan.  Heston was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954.  He was selected by the Football Writers Association of America as the halfback for its all-time team for the first 50 years of the sport.  University of Michigan coach Fielding H. Yost rated him as the greatest player of all-time.
Charles F. Goodeve
Sir Charles Frederick Goodeve OBE FRS (21 February 1904 – 7 April 1980) was a Canadian chemist and pioneer in operations research. During World War II, he was instrumental in developing the "hedgehog" antisubmarine warfare weapon and the degaussing method for protecting ships from naval mines.

Hedgehog (weapon)
The Hedgehog (also known as an Anti-Submarine Projector) was a forward-throwing  anti-submarine mortar that was used primarily during the Second World War. The device, which was developed by the Royal Navy, fired up to 24 spigot mortars ahead of a ship when attacking a U-boat. It was deployed on convoy escort warships such as destroyers and corvettes to supplement the depth charges.

As the mortar projectiles employed contact fuzes rather than time or bathymetric (depth) fuzes, detonation occurred directly against a hard surface such as the hull of a submarine, making it more deadly than depth charges, which relied on damage caused by hydrostatic shockwaves. During World War II out of 5,174 British depth charge attacks there were 85.5 kills, a ratio of 60.5 to 1. In comparison, the Hedgehog made 268 attacks for 47 kills, a ratio of 5.7 to 1.
Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St John the Baptist
The Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St John the Baptist is a monastic community for men and women, directly under the Ecumenical Patriarchate. It is located in Tolleshunt Knights, near Maldon, Essex, in England, and is the oldest Orthodox religious community in the United Kingdom.

It was founded in 1958 by St Sophrony of Essex, under the jurisdiction of Metropolitan Anthony, the Metropolitan of Sourozh and ruling Russian Orthodox bishop in England, with six monastics from a number of nations; in 1965 the monastery moved under the direct jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate.

The community is a double monastery with both monks and nuns in separate residential quarters. This is rare in Orthodox monasticism.

Anthony of Sourozh
Anthony of Sourozh (Russian: Митрополит Антоний Сурожский, secular name Andrei Borisovich Bloom, Russian: Андрей Борисович Блум and commonly known as Anthony Bloom; 19 June 1914 – 4 August 2003) was best known as a writer and broadcaster on prayer and the Christian life. He was a monk and bishop of the Russian Orthodox Church. He was founder and for many years bishop - then archbishop, then metropolitan - of the Diocese of Sourozh, the Patriarchate of Moscow's diocese for Great Britain and Ireland (the name 'Sourozh' is that of the historical episcopal see in Sudak in Crimea). As a bishop he became well known as a pastor, preacher, spiritual director and writer on prayer and the Christian life.
Jim Murdaugh
Jim Murdaugh (born October 2, 1952) is an American administrator, retired military officer and retired law-enforcement officer who is the president of Tallahassee State College. He previously served as Director of the Florida Public Safety Institute for 11 years.
In 2010 Murdaugh was selected to serve as the 6th president of Tallahassee State College after the departure of former President William D. Law. He assumed office on October 18, 2010.

William D. Law
Dr. William D. "Bill" Law is the former president of St. Petersburg College. An American academic and former community college administrator. He resigned as President of St. Petersburg College in St. Petersburg, Florida effective July 1, 2017.
Emil Rengle
Emil Rengle (born 1 September 1990 in Oradea, Romania) is a composer, choreographer, dancer, film director, and soloist from Romania. He is the winner of the eighth season of Romania's Got Talent and the first dancer in the show's history to win the grand prize.

Românii au talent
Românii au talent (English: Romanians got talent) is a TV show which began airing on 18 February 2011. The project acts as a Romanian version of the franchise Got Talent, developed by Simco Limited. The show is hosted by Smiley and Pavel Bartoș, while the opening judge panel consisted of presenter Andi Moisescu, singer Andra and dancer Mihai Petre and presently consisting of Moisescu, Carmen Tanase, Andra, and Mihai Bobonete. The winner of "Românii au talent" is awarded with €120,000.
Great Expectations (1967 TV series)
Great Expectations is a British television series which first aired on BBC1 in 1967. It is an adaptation of the 1861 novel Great Expectations by Charles Dickens, which follows a humble orphan suddenly becoming a gentleman with the help of an unknown benefactor.

All episodes survived the BBC's routine junking and were released on DVD in 2017 by Simply Media.

Lost television broadcast
Lost television broadcasts are television programs that were not preserved after their original airing, rendering them permanently unavailable for both public and private screening. Because of this, they are considered a form of lost media, particularly affecting television shows or films that aired before the widespread use of home video recording and digital archiving. A significant portion of early television programming was never recorded, largely because recording equipment was unavailable or the content was considered to have little monetary or historical value.
Aeronautical chart conventions (United States)
This article describes the graphic conventions used in Sectional charts and Terminal area charts published for aeronautical navigation under Visual Flight Rules in the United States of America.  The charts are published "in accordance with Interagency Air Cartographic Committee specifications and agreements, approved by the Department of Defense and the Federal Aviation Administration".

The legend of an aeronautical chart lists many of the symbols, colors and codes used to convey information to the map reader.

Visual flight rules
In aviation, visual flight rules (VFR) is a set of regulations under which a pilot operates an aircraft in weather conditions generally clear enough to allow the pilot to see where the aircraft is going. Specifically, the weather must be better than basic VFR weather minima, i.e., in visual meteorological conditions (VMC), as specified in the rules of the relevant aviation authority. The pilot must be able to operate the aircraft with visual reference to the ground, and by visually avoiding obstructions and other aircraft.

If the weather is less than VMC, pilots are required to use instrument flight rules, and operation of the aircraft will be primarily through referencing the instruments rather than visual reference. In a control zone, a VFR flight may obtain a clearance from air traffic control to operate as Special VFR.
Aralotherium
Aralotherium is an extinct genus of hornless rhinocerotoids closely related to Paraceratherium, one of the largest terrestrial mammals that has ever existed.  It lived in China and Kazakhstan during the late Oligocene epoch (28–23 million years ago).  It is classified as a member of the Paraceratheriidae subfamily Paraceratheriinae.

Two species are known, A. prohorovi and A. sui.

Paraceratheriidae
Paraceratheriidae is an extinct family of long-limbed, hornless rhinocerotoids, native to Asia and Eastern Europe that originated in the Eocene epoch and lived until the beginning of the Miocene. They represent some of the largest terrestrial mammals to have ever lived.