hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2013 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
The 2013 Canadian Figure Skating Championships were held from January 13 to 20, 2013 at the Hershey Centre in Mississauga, Ontario. The event determined the national champions of Canada and was organized by Skate Canada, the nation's figure skating governing body. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior, junior, and novice levels. Although the official International Skating Union terminology for female skaters in the singles category is ladies, Skate Canada uses women officially. The results of this competition are among the selection criteria for the 2013 World Championships, 2013 Four Continents Championships, and the 2013 World Junior Championships.

2013 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships
The 2013 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2012–13 season. It was held at the Osaka Municipal Central Gymnasium in Osaka, Japan on February 6–11. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.
Defence Helicopter Flying School
The Defence Helicopter Flying School (DHFS) was a military flying school based at RAF Shawbury in Shropshire, England. The school, established in 1997, was a tri-service organisation and trained helicopter aircrews for all three British armed forces. It initially used the Eurocopter Squirrel HT1 and Bell Griffin HT1 helicopters, which were retained despite the introduction of the Airbus Juno HT1 and Airbus Jupiter HT1.

The school was re-badged as No. 1 Flying Training School during February 2020 and continues to provide helicopter training for the British armed forces.

Bell 412
The Bell 412 is a utility helicopter of the Huey family manufactured by Bell Helicopter. It is a development of the Bell 212, with the major difference being the composite four-blade main rotor. It is a twin-turbine helicopter that has been popular on the civilian and military markets, and major users include Canada, Italy, and Japan.  Several hundred have been produced since its introduction in 1979, and several iterations of upgrades and variations have been produced, such as with upgraded cockpit electronics.

It has been manufactured under license by Agusta in Italy as the Agusta-Bell AB412, in Indonesia by Indonesian Aerospace, and in Japan by Fuji Heavy Industries. The CH-146 Griffon, a Bell 412 variant for the Canadian Armed Forces, is manufactured in Bell-Textron's main commercial factory in Mirabel, Quebec.
Josep Pedrerol
Josep Pedrerol Alonso (Barcelona; September 10, 1965) is a sports journalist who, within the Atresmedia group, presents the sports news program Jugones on La Sexta  and the sports talk show El Chiringuito de Jugones on Mega.

Atresmedia
40°33′18″N 3°37′05″W﻿ / ﻿40.555°N 3.618°W﻿ / 40.555; -3.618

Atresmedia Corporación de Medios de Comunicación, S.A., previously Grupo Antena 3, is a Spanish media group, present in the television, radio and filmmaking industries. Significant shareholders include Grupo Planeta and Bertelsmann via RTL Group.

On 6 March 2013, Grupo Antena 3 was renamed Atresmedia, thereby Antena 3 de Televisión changed to Atresmedia Televisión.
Starlight Promises
Starlight Promises (Japanese: 約束の七夜祭り, Hepburn: Yakusoku no Nanaya Matsuri, transl. "The Promised Seven Night Festival") is a Japanese original net animation film produced by XFlag and Yokohama Animation Laboratory. The net film was scheduled to launch on July 7, 2018, on YouTube, but was postponed to August 3, 2018, due to the 2018 Japan floods.

Yokohama Animation Laboratory
Yokohama Animation Laboratory (Japanese: 株式会社横浜アニメーションラボ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Yokohama Animēshon Rabo) is a Japanese animation studio based in Naka-ku, Yokohama. It was founded in July 2015 by former Production I.G's Division 7 producer Yūma Ōue.

On September 5, 2025, it was announced that Yokohama Animation Laboratory was acquired by Japanese company Frontier Works.
Pip Meo
Pip Meo (born 6 January 1984) is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Meo made her Football Ferns début in a 0–2 loss to Australia on 18 February 2004, and finished her international career with five caps to her credit.

New Zealand women's national football team
The New Zealand women's national football team represents New Zealand in international football competitions, and is governed by New Zealand Football (NZF). They are nicknamed the Football Ferns.

The New Zealand national team has taken part in the FIFA Women's World Cup six times, making their debut in 1991. New Zealand co-hosted the 2023 World Cup alongside Australia. They have failed to go past the group stage in all occasions.
Atish Dabholkar
Atish Dabholkar (Marathi अतीश दाभोलकर) is an Indian theoretical physicist. He is currently the Director of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) with the rank of Assistant Director-General, UNESCO. Prior to that, he was head of ICTP's High Energy, Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics section, and also Directeur de Recherche at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) at Sorbonne University in the "Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Énergies" (LPTHE).

International Centre for Theoretical Physics
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) is a research center for physical and mathematical sciences, located in Trieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy.

The center operates under a tripartite agreement between the Italian Government, UNESCO, and the International Atomic Energy Agency. It is located near the Miramare Park, about 10 kilometres from the downtown of Trieste, Italy. The centre was founded in 1964 by Pakistani Nobel Laureate Mohammad Abdus Salam.

ICTP is part of the Trieste System, a network of national and international scientific institutes in Trieste, promoted by the Italian physicist Paolo Budinich.
Human subject research legislation in the United States
Human subject research legislation in the United States can be traced to the early 20th century. Human subject research in the United States was mostly unregulated until the 20th century, as it was throughout the world, until the establishment of various governmental and professional regulations and codes of ethics. Notable – and in some cases, notorious – human subject experiments performed in the US include the Tuskegee syphilis experiment, human radiation experiments, the Milgram obedience experiment and Stanford prison experiments and Project MKULTRA. With growing public awareness of such experimentation, and the evolution of professional ethical standards, such research became regulated by various legislation, most notably, those that introduced and then empowered the institutional review boards.

Human radiation experiments
Since the discovery of ionizing radiation, a number of human radiation experiments have been performed to understand the effects of ionizing radiation and radioactive contamination on the human body, specifically with the element plutonium.
John H. Newton
John Henry Newton (December 13, 1881 – May 2, 1948) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Navy with the rank of vice admiral. He distinguished himself as commanding officer of destroyer USS Patterson during World War I and received the Navy Cross, the United States Navy second-highest decoration awarded for valor in combat.

Following the War, Newton remained in the Navy and reached flag rank during World War II, serving as commander, South Pacific Area and inspector general of the Pacific Fleet under his Naval Academy classmate, Fleet admiral Chester W. Nimitz.

Vice admiral (United States)
Vice admiral (abbreviated as VADM) is a three-star commissioned officer rank in the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps, and the United States Maritime Service, with the pay grade of O-9. Vice admiral ranks above rear admiral and below admiral. Vice admiral is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant general in the other uniformed services.
Friedrichshafen G.IV
The Friedrichshafen G.IV and G.V (factory designations FF.61 and FF.55) respectively were heavy bombers that were designed and manufactured in Germany during World War I by Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen. The G.IV saw limited use by the Luftstreitkräfte (German Imperial Air Service) for tactical and limited strategic bombing operations, while the G.V and a follow-on design, the FF.62 did not fly until after the Armistice.

Luftstreitkräfte
The Deutsche Luftstreitkräfte (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈlʊftˌʃtʁaɪtkʁɛftə], German Air Combat Forces) – known before October 1916 as Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches (The Imperial German Air Service, lit. "The flying troops of the German Imperial Realm") – was the air arm of the Imperial German Army. In English-language sources it is usually referred to as the Imperial German Air Service, although that is not a literal translation of either name. German naval aviators of the Marine-Fliegerabteilung were an integral part of the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). Both military branches operated aeroplanes, observation balloons and airships.
Dana Ford
Dana Ford (born June 9, 1984) is an American college basketball coach who is an assistant coach at SMU. He was formerly the head coach at Missouri State University from March 21, 2018 until he was relieved of his duties on March 10, 2024. Prior to coaching the Bears, he was the head coach at Tennessee State from 2014 through the 2018 season. Ford is a former basketball player, having played at Illinois State from 2002 to 2006. After not being selected in the 2006 NBA draft, the Tamms, Illinois native joined the Tennessee State Tigers coaching staff under head coach John Cooper. He has previously been with Wichita State and Illinois State through his coaching career, playing a key role in the teams' recruiting and overall success.

Illinois State Redbirds men's basketball
The Illinois State Redbirds men's basketball team represents Illinois State University, located in Normal, Illinois, in NCAA Division I basketball competition. They are currently led by head coach Ryan Pedon and play their home games at CEFCU Arena as a member of the Missouri Valley Conference.  They have the distinction of earning the most National Invitation Tournament berths (14) without making the semifinals, and also have the longest current NCAA tournament drought (27 seasons) among Missouri Valley Conference members. The Redbirds have appeared in the NCAA tournament six times, most recently in 1998.
Katharine Peabody Loring
Katharine Peabody Loring RRC (May 21, 1849 – August 16, 1943) was an American educator. She was head of the history department at the Society to Encourage Studies at Home, the first correspondence school in the United States, where she developed a lifelong companionship with well-known diarist Alice James. She was also a trustee of the Beverly Public Library in Beverly, Massachusetts, and president of the Beverly Historical Society from 1918 to 1941.

Royal Red Cross
The Royal Red Cross (RRC) is a military decoration awarded in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth for exceptional services in military nursing. It was created in 1883, and the first two awards were to Florence Nightingale and Jane Cecilia Deeble. Deeble had served in Zulu Kingdom and the Colony of Natal during the Anglo-Zulu War in 1879, and she had noted that the work of the nurses was not recognised officially.
WDLI-TV
WDLI-TV (channel 17) is a television station licensed to Canton, Ohio, United States, serving the Cleveland–Akron area as an affiliate of the digital multicast network Bounce TV. It is owned by Inyo Broadcast Holdings alongside Ion Television affiliate WVPX-TV (channel 23).

WDLI-TV and WVPX-TV share offices on Renaissance Parkway in Warrensville Heights; through a channel sharing agreement, the two stations transmit using WVPX-TV's spectrum from an antenna at the site of WDLI-TV's former studio on SR 261 in Norton, Ohio.

Ohio State Route 261
State Route 261 (SR 261) is an east–west state highway located in northeastern Ohio that passes through Medina, Summit, and Portage counties. At a length of 26 miles (42 km), SR 261 runs from a signalized intersection with SR 94 in Wadsworth to a signalized T-intersection with SR 59 in Franklin Township just east of Kent.

State Route 261's routing is more complicated than other state highways, frequently changing streets and direction. It runs through downtown Akron as two sets of one-way surface streets. It has a divided highway section from the outskirts of southern Kent to just east of SR 43. This divided section was originally planned to be limited access and tie in with another highway, SR 435, but this plan was never implemented.
E-Report
e-Report - transnational virtual study circles: e-learning supports for tutorship and learning groups - is a communitarian project (funded by European Community - Leonardo da Vinci Program (EAC/11/04), 2005 – Procedure C) aiming at the constitution of a repertory of reference material with regard to the development of innovative methods in the field of e-learning system for educational projects and also for distance learning in VET. The activities of research, experimentation and analysis are combined with the use of ICT with massive use of tutoring activities, learning groups and transnational virtual study circles.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Mark Murray (administrator)
Mark Andrew Murray (born July 5, 1954) is president of the Meijer chain of stores, based in Michigan.  He was the third president of Michigan's Grand Valley State University, serving from 2001 to 2006.

Grand Valley State University
Grand Valley State University (GVSU, GV, or Grand Valley) is a public university in Allendale, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1960 as Grand Valley State College. Its main campus is situated on 1,322 acres (5.35 km2) approximately 12 miles (19 km) west of Grand Rapids. The university also features campuses in Grand Rapids and Holland and regional centers in Battle Creek, Detroit, Muskegon, and Traverse City.

GVSU enrolled more than 22,000 students as of fall 2025 from 82 of 83 Michigan counties and dozens of other states and foreign countries. It employed nearly 4,000 people, with about 1,800 faculty and 2,000 staff. The university has alumni from 50 U.S. states, Canada, and 25 other countries.

GVSU's NCAA Division II sports teams are the Lakers and they compete in the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (GLIAC) in all 20 intercollegiate varsity sports. They have won 31 NCAA Division II National Championships.
FC Struga
FC Struga Trim-Lum (Macedonian: ФК Струга Трим-Лум, Latin: KF Struga Trim-Lum) is a professional football club based in Struga, North Macedonia. They are currently competing in the Macedonian First League.

Macedonian First Football League
The Macedonian First Football League (Macedonian: Прва македонска фудбалска лига), also called Macedonian First League, 1. MFL, and Prva Liga, is the highest professional football competition in North  Macedonia. It is a professional league competition for football clubs located at the top of the  Macedonian football league system and has been operating since the 1992–93 season. It is organized by the Football Federation of Macedonia.
Supplier risk management
Supplier risk management (SRM) is an evolving discipline in operations management for manufacturers, retailers, financial services companies and government agencies where an organization is dependent on suppliers to achieve business objectives.

The complexity and globally outsourced nature of modern supply chains, combined with the practice of optimization techniques such as lean and just-in-time manufacturing in order to improve efficiency, has increased supply chain vulnerabilities to even minor supply disruptions. While these models have allowed companies to reduce overall costs and expand quickly into new markets, they also expose the company to the risk of a supplier bankruptcy, closing operations, data breach or being acquired. Among the several types of supply disruptions, most severe are those that have a relatively low probability of occurrence with a very high severity of impact when they do occur. While such risks cannot be eliminated, however, its severity can be reduced.

Supply chain risk management
Supply chain risk management (also abbreviated as SCRM) is "the implementation of strategies to manage both everyday and exceptional risks along the supply chain based on continuous risk assessment with the objective of reducing vulnerability and ensuring continuity".

SCRM applies risk management process tools after consultation with risk management services, either in collaboration with supply chain partners or independently, to deal with risks and uncertainties caused by, or affecting, logistics-related activities, product availability (goods and services) or resources in the supply chain.
Willis R. Whitney
Willis Rodney Whitney (August 22, 1868 – January 9, 1958) was an American chemist and founder of the research laboratory of the General Electric Company. He is known as the "father of industrial research" in the United States for blending the worlds of research and industry together; which at the time, were two very distinct careers. He is also known for his corrosion theory of iron which he developed after studying at M.I.T. and the University of Leipzig. Whitney was also a professor at M.I.T. for some time before his career transition into research directing. He received many awards, including the Willard Gibbs medal, the Franklin medal, the Perkin medal, the Edison medal, the John Fritz medal, the Chandler medal, and many others. He was an astute believer in researching and experimenting for pleasure and voiced his belief at various science conferences.

Franklin Medal
The Franklin Medal was a science award presented from 1915 until 1997 by the Franklin Institute located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. It was founded in 1914 by innovator Samuel Insull, and it was the most prestigious of the various awards presented by the Franklin Institute. Together with the other eight historical awards, it was merged into the Benjamin Franklin Medal, initiated in 1998.
Proveniershuis
The Proveniershuis is a hofje and former schutterij on the Grote Houtstraat in Haarlem, Netherlands.

The complex of buildings surrounds a rectangular garden taking up a city block that is on the Haarlem hofje route. Unlike hofjes that were meant for poor elderly women, the homes around this courtyard are much larger, and the garden itself is about twice the normal size. The reason is that these inhabitants were men who actually paid rent to live there, as opposed to hofje inhabitants who had no income to spend on rent. Most hofjes were for women, because they were able to run their own modest household, usually as a member of a "hofje team" in various responsible roles. Men were generally less able to take care of themselves and were thus dependent on the "preuves" in the form of simple meals and services that were paid for from rents.

Schutterij
Schutterij (Dutch pronunciation: [sxʏtəˈrɛi] ⓘ) refers to a voluntary city guard or citizen militia in the medieval and early modern Netherlands, intended to protect the town or city from attack and act in case of revolt or fire. Their training grounds were often on open spaces within the city, near the city walls, but, when the weather did not allow, inside a church.  They are mostly grouped according to their district and to the weapon that they used: bow, crossbow or gun.  Together, its members are called a Schuttersgilde, which could be roughly translated as a "shooter's guild". It is now a title applied to ceremonial shooting clubs and to the country's Olympic rifle team.
Gar Mangsham Sumnang
Gar Mangsham Sumnang (Tibetan: མགར་མང་ཞམ་སུམ་སྣང་, Wylie: mgar mang zham sun snang; ? – ?) was a 7th century ce general of the Tibetan Empire. He was active during Namri Songtsen's and Songtsen Gampo's reign.

The Lönchen Thonmyi Tringpo Gyaltsennu tried to overthrow Namri Songtsen, and was detected by him. Sumnang set a trap together with another general khu khri snya dkru' zung, captured him, and cut off his head by sword.

He served as high minister during Songtsen Gampo's reign. After Nyang Mangpoje's execution, he was appointed as Lönchen, and later turned to another general Khyungpo Pungse.

Namri Songtsen
Namri Songtsen (Tibetan: གནམ་རི་སྲོང་བཙན, Wylie: gnam ri srong btsan, ZWPY: Namri Songzän), also known as Namri Löntsen (Wylie: gnam ri slon mtshan) was according to tradition, the 32nd King of Tibet of the Yarlung dynasty from 570 until his death in 618. During his 48 years of reign, he expanded his kingdom to rule the central part of the Tibetan Plateau. He also had a good diplomatic partnership with other tribes and kingdoms. His actions were decisive in the setting up of the Tibetan Empire, to which he can be named co-founder with his son, Songtsen Gampo. He had reportedly conquered the Kingdom of Sumpa in the early 7th century.
Explorer 43
Explorer 43, also called IMP-I and IMP-6, was a NASA satellite launched as part of the Explorers program. Explorer 43 was launched on 13 March 1971 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) with a Thor-Delta M6 launch vehicle. Explorer 43 was the sixth satellite of the Interplanetary Monitoring Platform.

Explorers Program
The Explorers Program is a NASA exploration program that provides flight opportunities for physics, geophysics, heliophysics, and astrophysics investigations from space. Launched in 1958, Explorer 1 was the first spacecraft of the United States to achieve orbit. Over 90 space missions have been launched since. Starting with Explorer 6, it has been operated by NASA, with regular collaboration with a variety of other institutions, including many international partners.

Launchers for the Explorers Program have included Juno I, Juno II, various Thor, Scout, Delta and Pegasus launch vehicles, and Falcon 9.

The program has three classes: Medium-Class Explorers (MIDEX), Small Explorers (SMEX), and University-Class Explorers (UNEX), with select Missions of Opportunity operated with other agencies.
Rivière au Rat (Weedon)
The Rat River is a tributary of the Saint-François River. The "Rat River" flows in the municipality of Weedon, in the Le Haut-Saint-François Regional County Municipality, in the region administrative Estrie, Quebec, Canada.

Saint-François River
The Saint-François River (French: Rivière Saint-François, pronounced [ʁivjɛʁ sɛ̃ fʁɑ̃swa]) is a right tributary of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada.

Its source is Lake Saint-François in Chaudière-Appalaches, southeast of Thetford Mines. It flows southwest towards Sherbrooke, where it changes course northwest towards Drummondville, and finally empties into the Saint Lawrence River near Pierreville. Its total length is 218 km.