hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Islamic Unification Movement
The Islamic Unification Movement – IUM (Arabic: حركة التوحيد الإسلامي | Harakat al-Tawhid al-Islami), also named Islamic Unity Movement, but best known as Al-Tawhid, At-Tawhid, or Tawheed, is a Lebanese Sunni Muslim political party. It has played an active role in Lebanese internal politics since the Lebanese Civil War in the 1980s.

Lebanese Sunni Muslims
Lebanese Sunni Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون السنة اللبنانيين) refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Sunni branch of Islam in Lebanon, which is one of the largest denomination in Lebanon tied with Shias. Sunni Islam in Lebanon has a history of more than a millennium. According to a CIA 2018 study, Lebanese Sunni Muslims constitute an estimated 30.6% of Lebanon's population.

The Lebanese Sunni Muslims are highly concentrated in Lebanon's capital city - Beirut (West Beirut /or Beirut II), as well as Tripoli, Sidon, Western Beqaa, and in the countryside of the Akkar, Arsal. They also have a notable presence in Zahlé, Southern Lebanon, Marjaayoun and Chebaa.

Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Sunni notables traditionally held power in the Lebanese state together, and they are still the only ones eligible for the post of Prime Minister.
Enontekiö
Enontekiö (Finnish: [ˈenontekiø]; Northern Sami: Eanodat [ˈe̯anoðah(t)]; Swedish: Enontekis; Inari Sami: Iänudâh; Skolt Sami: Jeänõk) is a municipality in the Finnish part of Lapland with approximately 1,800 inhabitants. It is situated in the outermost northwest of the country and occupies a large and very sparsely populated area of about 8,400 square kilometres (3,200 sq mi) between the Swedish and Norwegian border. Finland's highest point, the Halti fell, with a height of 1,324 metres (4,344 ft) above the mean sea level, is situated in the north of Enontekiö. The municipality shares borders with regions of Sweden and Norway that encompass the Scandinavian Mountains. The administrative centre of Enontekiö is the village of Hetta. About one fifth of the community's population are Sami people. Enontekiö's main industries are tourism and reindeer husbandry.

Fell
Fell (from Old Norse: fell, "mountain → landscape over the tree line"; cf.  Icelandic: fell, Norwegian: fjell, Swedish: fjäll) is a high and barren landscape feature, such as a mountain or moor-covered hill, often mountain landscape over the tree line, etc. The term is most often employed in Fennoscandia, Iceland, the Isle of Man, parts of northern England, and Scotland.
Psychohistory
Psychohistory is a transdisciplinary field of knowledge that represents an amalgam of psychology, history, psychoanalysis, political psychology, anthropology, ethnology, and related social sciences, art, and humanities. Psychohistorians examine the "why's" of history, utilizing the bottom-up approach rather than starting with psychological theories. They combine the insights of psychodynamic psychology, especially psychoanalysis, with the research methodology of the social sciences and humanities, to understand the emotional origin of the behavior of individuals, groups and nations, past and present. Psychohistorians are interested in examining one's childhood, personality, family dynamics, as well as dreams, overcoming adversity, creativity, group and political affiliations.

Psychobiography
Psychobiography aims to understand historically significant individuals, such as artists or political leaders, through the application of psychological theory and research.

Through its merging of personality psychology and historical evidence, psychobiography may be considered a historical form of therapeutic case study: it represents a growing field in the realm of biography. Psychopathography is sometimes used as a term to indicate that the person being analyzed was not mentally healthy, "path" coming from pathos (πάθος)—Ancient Greek for suffering or illness.
Italian colonization of Libya
The Italian colonization of Libya began in 1911 and it lasted until 1943. The country, which was previously an Ottoman possession, was occupied by Italy in 1911 after the Italo-Turkish War, which resulted in the establishment of two colonies: Italian Tripolitania and Italian Cyrenaica. In 1934, the two colonies were merged into one colony which was named the colony of Italian Libya. In 1937, this colony was divided into four provinces, and in 1939, the coastal provinces became a part of metropolitan Italy as the Fourth Shore. The colonization lasted until Libya's occupation by Allied forces in 1943, but it was not until the 1947 Paris Peace Treaty that Italy officially renounced all of its claims to Libya's territory.

Fourth Shore
The Fourth Shore (Italian: Quarta Sponda) or Italian North Africa (Italian: Africa Settentrionale Italiana, ASI) was the name created by Benito Mussolini to refer to the Mediterranean shore of coastal colonial Italian Libya and, during World War II, Axis-occupied Tunisia in the fascist-era Kingdom of Italy, during the late Italian colonial period of Libya and the Maghreb.
TAB New Zealand
TAB New Zealand (TAB NZ), previously known as the New Zealand Racing Board (NZRB) and the Racing Industry Transition Agency (RITA), is the statutory totalisator monopoly for New Zealand sports betting, including betting on horse racing and greyhound racing. It was established under the Racing Act 2003 to operate the TAB, promote the racing industry and maximise the profits of the industry. It broadcasts racing on two television channels Trackside 1 and 2.

Since 2020, the management rights for TAB New Zealand have been franchised to multinational gaming entity Entain effective June 2023.

The Board is required under the Racing Act to regulate and support the New Zealand racing industry, including managing the racing calendar, promoting best practices, and improving industry facilities and events.

Greyhound racing
Greyhound racing is an organised, competitive sport in which greyhounds race on dedicated tracks. The modern track form of the sport developed from hare coursing and uses a mechanically operated artificial lure (usually a form of windsock) that travels along a rail ahead of the dogs. As with horse racing, greyhound races frequently involve parimutuel or bookmaker betting.

In many countries, greyhound racing is conducted at an amateur level. In other countries, particularly Australia, Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States, it forms part of the commercial gambling industry.
Moncloa Football Club
The Moncloa Football Club was a football team based in Madrid, Spain, which was founded in April 1902 and dissolved in 1907 after being absorbed by Madrid FC. Moncloa FC was only the third football club to have been founded in the Spanish capital, and together with Madrid FC, it was the only team who participated in the first three editions of the Centro championship, achieving two back-to-back runner-up finishes in 1903–04 and 1904–05, losing the respective finals to Español de Madrid and Madrid FC. Despite its early success, however, the club was subjected to an early disappearance in 1907.

The club disputed its matches in a field located at the end of Argüelles, in the district of Moncloa-Aravaca, and also played some matches at the Hipódromo de la Castellana (Madrid FC's field at the time) as there were hardly any fields in Spain. As clothing, the club wore a dark blue shirt.

Campeonato Regional Centro
The Campeonato Regional Centro (Spanish for Central Regional Championship) was an annual association football competition for clubs based primarily in the Castile region of Spain, including the Community of Madrid, during the first half of the 20th century. The competition was organised by the  Madrid Football Federation and first held in 1903 as the Campeonato de Madrid (Madrid Championship) and renamed as the Campeonato Regional de Madrid (Madrid Regional Championship) for the 1906–1913 seasons. The Royal Spanish Football Federation, founded on 29 September 1913, began organising the competition from 1913. It was called the Campeonato Regional Centro between 1913 and 1931, the Campeonato Regional Mancomunado (Joint Championship) from 1932 to 1936, and the Campeonato Regional del Centro (Regional Championship of the Centre) during its final season in 1939–40.
WWIN-FM
WWIN-FM (95.9 FM) is an urban adult contemporary radio station in the Baltimore metro owned by Urban One.  It is known as "Magic 95.9", playing a variety of urban adult contemporary music from the 1960s to present. Its transmitter is located along I-695 in Hawkins Point near Curtis Bay (officially Glen Burnie, Maryland), and its studios are located in Gwynn Oak (they were previously located at Cathy Hughes Plaza in downtown Baltimore).

Urban One
Urban One, Inc. (formerly Radio One) is an American media conglomerate based in Silver Spring, Maryland. Founded in 1980 by Cathy Hughes, the company primarily operates media properties targeting African Americans.

It is the largest African-American-owned broadcasting company in the United States, currently operating over 50 radio stations. The company also operates digital arm Interactive One, cable networks TV One & Cleo TV, and is a majority-owner of syndicator Reach Media.

As of 2014, it was the ninth-highest-earning African-American-owned business in the United States.
Pilipinas Got Talent season 7
The seventh season of Pilipinas Got Talent premiered on Kapamilya Channel on March 29, 2025, with simulcasts on A2Z and TV5. It marked the show's return after a seven-year hiatus, following the conclusion of its sixth season in 2018, and is the first season to air since the shutdown of ABS-CBN in 2020. The judging panel is composed of Freddie M. Garcia, Kathryn Bernardo, Eugene Domingo, and Donny Pangilinan, with Robi Domingo and Melai Cantiveros serving as hosts.

The season ended on June 22, 2025, with Ricardo Cadavero (a.k.a. Cardong Trumpo) crowned the winner of the season, with hip-hop dance group Femme MNL as the runner-up and magician Carl Quion in third place.

Cardong Trumpo's victory marked the third consecutive win by a non-singing act, following Kristel de Catalina's win in the previous season. It is also the first time a non-dancer has won the show, and the first time a non-golden buzzer act has won since the feature was introduced in season 5.

Pilipinas Got Talent season 5
The fifth season of Pilipinas Got Talent premiered on ABS-CBN from January 23 to May 22, 2016, replacing the second season of Your Face Sounds Familiar and was replaced by the third season of The Voice Kids.

Billy Crawford and Luis Manzano returned as hosts for the season. Of the three judges from the previous four seasons, only Freddie M. Garcia reprised his role. He was joined by actress Angel Locsin, actor Robin Padilla, and comedian Vice Ganda, who had debuted as a guest judge in the previous season, filling in for Ai-Ai delas Alas during the 5th quarterfinals week due to her illness.

Contemporary dance duo Power Duo from Angono, Rizal, emerged as the season's winner. Poi dancer Marianne Madrigal (a.k.a. Amazing Pyra) from Antipolo was named the runner-up, while magician Ody Sto. Domingo from Sta. Mesa, Manila secured third place. This season marked the first time in the show's history that a singing act did not win.
Yunchan Lim
Yunchan Lim (Korean: 임윤찬; born March 20, 2004) is a South Korean pianist. In 2022, he gained widespread recognition when he became the youngest person ever to win the Van Cliburn International Piano Competition at 18 years old. In 2023, he signed an exclusive contract with Decca. His first album on the label, Chopin: Études, won the Piano Award at the 2024 Gramophone Classical Music Awards.

Gramophone Classical Music Awards
The Gramophone Classical Music Awards, launched in 1977, are one of the most significant honours bestowed on recordings in the classical record industry. The British awards are often viewed as equivalent to or surpassing the American Grammy Awards, and referred to as the Oscars for classical music. They are widely regarded as the most influential and prestigious classical music awards in the world. According to Matthew Owen, national sales manager for Harmonia Mundi USA, "ultimately it is the classical award, especially worldwide."

The winners are selected annually by critics for the Gramophone magazine and various members of the industry, including retailers, broadcasters, arts administrators, and musicians. Awards are usually presented in September each year in London.
Nielsen transformation
In mathematics, especially in the area of modern algebra known as combinatorial group theory, Nielsen transformations are certain automorphisms of a free group which are a non-commutative analogue of row reduction and one of the main tools used in studying free groups (Fine, Rosenberger & Stille 1995).

Given a finite basis of a free group , the corresponding set of elementary Nielsen transformations forms a finite generating set of . This system of generators is analogous to elementary matrices for  and Dehn twists for mapping class groups of closed surfaces.

Nielsen transformations were introduced in (Nielsen 1921) to prove that every subgroup of a free group is free (the Nielsen–Schreier theorem). They are now used in a variety of mathematics, including computational group theory, k-theory, and knot theory.

Elementary matrix
In mathematics, an elementary matrix is a square matrix obtained from the application of a single elementary row operation to the identity matrix. The elementary matrices generate the general linear group GLn(F) when F is a field. Left multiplication (pre-multiplication) by an elementary matrix represents the corresponding elementary row operation, while right multiplication (post-multiplication) represents the corresponding elementary column operation.

Elementary row operations are used in Gaussian elimination to reduce a matrix to row echelon form.  They are also used in Gauss–Jordan elimination to further reduce the matrix to reduced row echelon form.
Jackie Carmichael
Jackie Ray Carmichael Jr. (born January 2, 1990) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Igokea of the Adriatic League (ABA) and the Bosnian League. He was a standout college player at Illinois State University before playing professionally in Spain, Israel, Turkey, Russia, Lebanon, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Slovenia.

KK Igokea
Košarkaški klub Igokea (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Игокеа), commonly referred to as KK Igokea or as Igokea m:tel due to sponsorship reasons, is a Bosnian professional basketball club based in Aleksandrovac, near Laktaši, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The club plays in the Bosnian League and the ABA League. The club is a founding member and shareholder of the Adriatic Basketball Association.
Continuous function (set theory)
In set theory, a continuous function is a sequence of ordinals such that the values assumed at limit stages are the limits (limit suprema and limit infima) of all values at previous stages. More formally, let γ be an ordinal, and  be a γ-sequence of ordinals.  Then s is continuous if at every limit ordinal β < γ,

and

Alternatively, if s is an increasing function then s is continuous if s: γ → range(s) is a continuous function when the sets are each equipped with the order topology. These continuous functions are often used in cofinalities and cardinal numbers.

A normal function is a function that is both continuous and strictly increasing.

Monotonic function
In mathematics, a monotonic function (or monotone function) is a function between ordered sets that preserves or reverses the given order. This concept first arose in calculus, and was later generalized to the more abstract setting of order theory.
Hkam Yawt Hpa of Hsenwi
Hkam Yawt Hpa (Burmese: ခမ်းယော့ဘွား, Burmese pronunciation: [kʰáɰ̃ jɔ̬ bwá]; d. 1444/45) was sawbwa of Hsenwi (in present-day northern Shan State, Myanmar) from 1412 to 1444/45. As a vassal of Ming China, he participated in the Ava–Hanthawaddy War (1408–1418).

Burmese names
Burmese names (Burmese: မြန်မာ အမည်) lack the serial structure of most Western names. Like other Mainland Southeast Asian people (except Vietnamese), the people of Myanmar have no customary matronymic or patronymic naming system and no tradition of surnames. Although other Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia introduced the use of surnames or patronyms in the early 20th century, Myanmar never introduced the use of surnames and lacks surnames in the modern day. Instead, Burmese names use an honorific prefix to reflect the person's stage in life and position in society.
Daydream Believer (1992 film)
Daydream Believer aka The Girl Who Came Late (working title) is a 1992 Australian romantic comedy film starring Miranda Otto, Martin Kemp and Gia Carides; and directed by Kathy Mueller. Otto was nominated for an Australian Film Institute Award for "Best Actress in a Lead Role".

Gia Carides
Gia Carides (Greek: Γιά Καρίδη, romanized: Giá Karídi; born 7 June 1964) is an Australian actress. She played Liz Holt in Strictly Ballroom (1992), Susy Connor in Brilliant Lies (1996), and Cousin Nikki in the My Big Fat Greek Wedding franchise (2002–2023).
2015 Úrvalsdeild
The 2015 Úrvalsdeild karla, also known as Pepsi-deild karla for sponsorship reasons, was the 104th season of top-flight Icelandic football. Twelve teams contested the league; the defending champions were Stjarnan, who had won their first league title in 2014 going unbeaten in the league.

On 26 September FH were crowned champions after a 2–1 win over Fjölnir with one game to spare. This was FH's 7th league title.

Keflavík and Leiknir R were relegated from the league. Keflavík had been in the league since 2004 but this was Leiknir R's first season in the top flight.

The season started on 3 May 2015 and was conclude on 4 October 2015.

Fimleikafélag Hafnarfjarðar
Fimleikafélag Hafnarfjarðar (English: Hafnarfjörður Gymnastics Club), commonly referred to as FH, is an Icelandic multi-sports club based in Hafnarfjörður. The club competes in football, handball, athletics, and fencing. It was founded in 1929 as a gymnastics club but soon started a handball department which became its flagship for several decades. Its men's football team has been a dominant power since the early 2000s.
Group Fortification Lorraine
The Feste Lothringen, renamed Group Fortification Lorraine after 1919, is a military installation near Metz. It is part of the second fortified belt of forts of Metz and had its baptism of fire in late 1944, when the Battle of Metz occurred.

Group Fortifications Francois-de-Guise
The Feste Leipzig, renamed Group Fortifications Francois-de-Guise after 1919 by the French, is a military structure located in the municipality of Châtel-Saint-Germain, close to Metz. It is part of the second fortified belt of forts of Metz and had its baptism of fire in late 1944, when the Battle of Metz occurred.
Yenice Dam
Yenice Dam is a dam on the Sakarya River near the Yenice neighbourhood of Nallıhan district on the border of Eskişehir and Ankara provinces of Turkey. It houses a 38 MW hydroelectric power station. It was constructed between 1985 and 2000. The development was backed by the Turkish State Hydraulic Works.

State Hydraulic Works (Turkey)
The State Hydraulic Works (Turkish: Devlet Su İşleri) is a state agency, under the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of Turkey, responsible for the utilization of all the country's water resources. The institution's four major functions are energy, agriculture, services and environment. The General Manager of DSI is Kaya Yıldız.
Alektora
Alektora (Greek: Αλέκτορα), also known as Gökağaç (from Turkish), is a village in the Limassol District of Cyprus. It was established in the first millennium by residents of nearby villages and gradually Turkified and Islamicised during the rule of the Ottomans. It was inhabited almost exclusively by Turkish Cypriots before the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974 and the population exchanges that occurred thereafter. The village now has a small community of Greek Cypriots.

Conversion to Islam
Conversion to Islam, also known within Islam as reversion, is adopting Islam as a religion or faith. Conversion requires a formal statement of the shahādah, the credo of Islam, whereby the prospective convert must state that "there is none worthy of worship in truth except Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah". Proselytism of the faith is referred to as "dawah", and missionary efforts have been promoted since the dawn of the religion in the 7th century.
Hockey WA
Hockey WA is the organisation responsible for the sport of Field Hockey in the state of Western Australia. Hockey WA is represented in the Hockey One competition by the Perth Thundersticks. Hockey WA also run the top club competitions in Australia, the Hockey WA Premier League for both Men and Women.

In late 2003, Hockey WA was formed from a merger between the Western Australian Men's Hockey Association and the Western Australian Women's Hockey Association. It is approaching 100 years since the establishment of the individual Associations and it is anticipated that the amalgamation will be of major benefit to Hockey in Western Australia.

Perth Thundersticks
The Perth Thundersticks are an Australian professional hockey club based in Perth, Western Australia. The club was established in 2019, and is one of 7 established to compete in Hockey Australia's new premier domestic competition, Hockey One.

The club is intended to unify men's and women's by combining teams under one name, unlike Western Australia's former representation in the Australian Hockey League as the WA Thundersticks (men) and WA Diamonds (women).

Perth Thundersticks will compete for the first time in the inaugural season of Hockey One, which will be contested from late September through to mid November 2019.
Lego Bricktales
Lego Bricktales is a puzzle adventure game developed by ClockStone Studio and published by Thunderful Publishing. It was released for Linux, macOS, Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S on 12 October 2022, and for Android and iOS on 27 April 2023. A virtual/mixed reality version was released for Meta Quest 2, 3 and Pro on 7 December 2023. Lego Bricktales received generally positive reviews.

Meta Quest Pro
The Meta Quest Pro is a discontinued mixed reality (MR) headset developed by Reality Labs, a division of Meta Platforms.

Unveiled on October 11, 2022, it is a high-end headset designed for mixed reality and virtual reality applications, targeting business and enthusiast users. It is differentiated from the Quest 2 by a thinner form factor leveraging pancake lenses, high resolution cameras for MR, integrated face and eye tracking, and updated controllers with on-board motion tracking.

The Quest Pro received mixed reviews, with critics praising its display and controllers, but criticizing its mixed reality cameras for having a grainy appearance and limited usefulness in its software at launch, and for its high price. Meta discontinued the Quest Pro in favor of the Meta Quest 3 in September 2024, with sales ending in January 2025.