hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Skirmish in Doubtful Canyon
The Skirmish in Doubtful Canyon took place on May 3, 1864, between a company of infantry from the California Column and a band of about 100 Apaches. The fighting occurred near Steins Peak in Doubtful Canyon, Arizona Territory. Doubtful Canyon, along with Apache Pass and Cookes Canyon, was a favored location for an ambush by the Apache along the Butterfield Overland Mail route.

The Californians were on the march from Fort Cummings to Fort Bowie in the military District of Arizona, when they were attacked in the canyon. The band of Apaches were defeated by 54 men of Company I, 5th California Volunteer Infantry Regiment under Lieutenant Henry H. Stevens. The skirmish lasted about an hour until the Apache fled. The Apache lost 10 killed and  20 wounded. The Californians lost 1 missing and 5 wounded according to official records. Michno claims the battle lasted almost two hours and that the Californians suffered 6 wounded (1 mortally), and 1 missing, presumed killed.

5th California Infantry Regiment
The 5th Regiment California Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It spent its entire term of service in the western United States, attached to the Department of the Pacific and Department of New Mexico.
Truckload of Trouble
Truckload Of Trouble is a compilation album by the Pastels, released in 1993. The album compiles songs from their EPs and singles released between 1986 and 1993, with some popular album tracks. Included are well known songs such as "Comin' Through", "Nothing to be Done", "Truck Train Tractor", "Crawl Babies", "Speeding Motorcycle" and "Baby Honey".

The Pastels
The Pastels are an indie rock group from Glasgow formed in 1981. They were a key act of the Scottish and British independent music scenes of the 1980s, and are specifically credited for the development of an independent and confident music scene in Glasgow. The group have had a number of members, but currently consists of Stephen McRobbie, Katrina Mitchell, Tom Crossley, John Hogarty, Alison Mitchell and Suse Bear.
Vicki King
Inspector Vicki King (born 1960) is a pioneering threat safety scientist in the healthcare sector.  She is the leader of the Threat Assessment Unit at the University of Texas at Houston Police Department, which is a component of the University of Texas System.

University of Texas Police at Houston
The University of Texas Police at Houston (UT Police at Houston) is a full-service Police Department that serves the communities of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) and the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. UT Police at Houston patrols the Texas Medical Center and has property in surrounding counties.
Pedairffordd Halt railway station
Pedairffordd Halt railway station (alternatively Pedair-Ffordd Halt) was a station on the Tanat Valley Light Railway, located 1.3 miles south of Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant, Powys, Wales in the hamlet Pedair-Ffordd. The station opened in 1904 and closed in 1951. There station was located on the east side of a level crossing.

Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant
Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a village and community in Powys, Wales; about 9 miles west of Oswestry and 12 miles south of Llangollen, on the B4580 road. It lies near the foothills of the Berwyn mountains on the river Rhaeadr. At the top end of the valley is the Pistyll Rhaeadr waterfall, one of the traditional Seven Wonders of Wales. One mile north of the village is the hill Moel Hen-fache (515 metres (1,690 ft)). The community includes the hamlet of Llanarmon Mynydd Mawr.
Sophia Foster-Dimino
Sophia Foster-Dimino is an American comics artist and illustrator living in San Francisco.

She graduated from  Rhode Island School of Design in 2010. Foster-Dimino worked for Google for four years, making commemorative logos, known as Google Doodles, before becoming a freelance illustrator.

She won three Ignatz Awards at the 2015 edition with  her comic book Sex Fantasy. The work,  which started as an independent zine, was published by Koyama Press in 2017. She also illustrated the webcomic Swim Thru Fire, written by Annie Mok.

Ignatz Awards
The Ignatz Awards recognize outstanding achievements in comics and cartooning by small press creators or creator-owned projects published by larger publishers. They have been awarded each year at the Small Press Expo since 1997, (only skipping a year in 2001 due to the show's cancellation after the September 11 attacks). As of 2026, SPX has been held in either Bethesda, North Bethesda, or Silver Spring, Maryland.

The Ignatz Awards are named in honour of George Herriman and his strip Krazy Kat, which featured a brick-throwing mouse named Ignatz. The award itself is in the shape of a red brick sitting on a small wooden stand.
Massachusetts Senate
The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Senate comprises 40 elected members from 40 single-member senatorial districts in the state. All but one of the districts are named for the counties in which they are located (the "Cape and Islands" district covers Dukes, Nantucket, and parts of Barnstable counties). Senators serve two-year terms, without term limits. The Senate convenes in the Massachusetts State House in Boston, the state capital.

Nantucket
Nantucket (/ˌnænˈtʌkɪt/) is an island in Massachusetts, United States, about 30 miles (48 km) south of the Cape Cod peninsula. Together with the small islands of Tuckernuck and Muskeget, it constitutes the Town and County of Nantucket, a combined county/town government.  Nantucket is the southeasternmost town in both Massachusetts and the New England region. The name "Nantucket" is adapted from similar Algonquian names for the island.

Nantucket is a tourist destination and summer colony. Due to tourists and seasonal residents, the population of the island increases to around 80,000 during the summer months. The average sale price for a single-family home was $2.3 million in the first quarter of 2018.

The National Park Service cites Nantucket, designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1966, as being the "finest surviving architectural and environmental example of a late 18th- and early 19th-century New England seaport town."
The Musical Offering
The Musical Offering (German: Musikalisches Opfer or Das Musikalische Opfer), BWV 1079, is a collection of keyboard canons and fugues and other pieces of music by Johann Sebastian Bach, all based on a single musical theme given to him by Frederick the Great (King Frederick II of Prussia), to whom they are dedicated. They were published in September 1747.  The Ricercar a 6, a six-voice fugue which is regarded as the high point of the entire work, was put forward by the musicologist Charles Rosen as the most significant piano composition in history (partly because it is one of the first). This ricercar is also occasionally called the Prussian Fugue, a name used by Bach himself.

Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis
The Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis (German: [ˈbax ˌvɛʁkə fɐˈtsaɪçnɪs], lit. 'Bach Works Catalogue'; BWV) is a catalogue of compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach. It was first published in 1950, edited by Wolfgang Schmieder. The catalogue's second edition appeared in 1990 and the third edition in 2022.

The catalogue groups compositions by genre. Even within a genre, compositions are not necessarily collated chronologically. 
In part this reflects the fact that some compositions cannot be dated. However, an approximate or precise date can be assigned to others: for example, BWV 992 was composed many years before BWV 1.
Royal Entomological Society
The Royal Entomological Society is a learned society devoted to the study of insects. It aims to disseminate information about insects and to improve communication between entomologists.

The society was founded in 1833 as the Entomological Society of London. It had many antecedents beginning as the Society of Entomologists of London.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Hilde Grythe
Hilde Grythe (born 18 July 1955) is a Norwegian actress.

Grythe was born in Oslo to actress and stage director Kirsten Sørlie and television personality Odd Grythe, and is married to violinist Terje Tønnesen. She was appointed at the Molde theatre Teatret Vårt, Nationaltheatret and Fjernsynsteatret, and eventually worked as freelancer.

Her artistic breakthrough came in 1988 as Hippolyta in an adaptation of A Midsummer Night's Dream at Rogaland Teater. She has played the title role in Knut Hamsun's Viktoria at Nordland Teater, as well as "Nora" in A Doll's House, and "Alexandra" in a stage adaptation of Dostoevsky's novel The Idiot. Her films include Drømmeslottet (1986), Plastposen (1986) and North Star (1996). She took part in the television series Fedrelandet in 1990, and played the character "Skinntryta" in Jul i Blåfjell in 1999.

North Star (1996 film)
North Star is a 1996 American Western film starring James Caan, Christopher Lambert and Catherine McCormack. Directed by Nils Gaup, it was written by Sergio Donati and loosely based on Henry Wilson Allen's 1956 Western novel The North Star. Lambert executive produced the film.
Lee County School District (Mississippi)
The Lee County School District is a public school district based in Lee County, Mississippi (USA).

The district serves the towns of: Guntown, Plantersville, Shannon, and Verona, as well as almost all of Saltillo, the community of Mooreville, and the Lee County portion of Sherman. It also includes small portions of Tupelo.

The headquarters of the district is in Tupelo.

Guntown, Mississippi
Guntown, officially the City of Guntown, is a city in Lee County, Mississippi, United States. It is located in the northern part of the Tupelo micropolitan area. The population was 2,410 at the 2020 Census.
Louis Shotridge
Louis Situwuka Shotridge (April 15, 1883 – August 6, 1937) was an American art collector and ethnological assistant who was an expert on the traditions of his people, the Tlingit nation of southeastern Alaska.  His Tlingit name was Stoowukháa, which means "Astute One."

Tlingit
The Tlingit or Lingít (/ˈtlɪŋkɪt, ˈklɪŋkɪt/ ⓘ TLING-kit, KLING-kit) are an Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. Tlingit people are Alaska Natives and First Nations in Canada. Their mother tongue is the Tlingit language, a Na-Dene language.

The Tlingit have a matrilineal kinship system, with children born into the mother's clan, and property and hereditary roles passing through the mother's line. Their culture and society developed in the temperate rainforest of the southeast Alaskan coast and the Alexander Archipelago. The Tlingit have maintained a complex hunter-gatherer culture based on semi-sedentary management of fisheries. Hereditary slavery was practiced extensively until it was outlawed by the United States Government. The Inland Tlingit live in the far northwestern part of the province of British Columbia and the southern Yukon in Canada. Taku Tlingit live in British Columbia and Alaska.
Choi Hee-jin
Choi Hee-jin (Korean: 최희진; November 8, 1996) is a South Korean actress. She is known for her roles in dramas such as Strong Girl Nam-soon, Behind Your Touch, Hide and Seek, Snowdrop and The Impossible Heir. She also appeared in films including The Whispering, The Girl on a Bulldozer, Good Deal and I Want to Know Your Parents.

Snowdrop (South Korean TV series)
Snowdrop (Korean: 설강화; RR: Seolganghwa) is a South Korean television series starring Jung Hae-in, Jisoo, Yoo In-na, Jang Seung-jo, Yoon Se-ah, Kim Hye-yoon and Jung Yoo-jin. It aired on JTBC from December 18, 2021, to January 30, 2022, every Saturday and Sunday at 22:30 (KST) for 16 episodes.
Gillian Jacobs
Gillian MacLaren Jacobs (/ˈɡɪliən/; born October 19, 1982) is an American actress. She is known for playing Britta Perry in the NBC sitcom Community (2009–2015), Mickey Dobbs in the Netflix romantic comedy series Love (2016–2018), and Mary Jayne Gold in the Netflix miniseries Transatlantic (2023). Her other notable television roles include Mimi-Rose Howard in the fourth season of the HBO comedy-drama series Girls (2015), Atom Eve in the animated superhero series Invincible (2021–present), and Tiffany Jerimovich in the FX on Hulu comedy-drama series The Bear (2023–present).

She has also appeared in films such as Gardens of the Night (2008), Don't Think Twice (2016), Ibiza (2018), I Used to Go Here (2020), and the Fear Street trilogy (2021).

Transatlantic (TV series)
Transatlantic is a historical drama miniseries created by Anna Winger and Daniel Hendler, based on the 2019 novel The Flight Portfolio by Julie Orringer. The novel explores the historic Emergency Rescue Committee that operated in Marseille (France), Spain, and Portugal in 1940 after the fall of France. The series includes or refers to well-known artists or scholars of the time who were saved by the Committee or interacted with it. The series closed the 2023 Series Mania festival in March, ahead of its Netflix premiere on 7 April 2023.
The Explorers (collection)
The Explorers is a collection of science fiction stories by American writer C. M. Kornbluth, originally published in paperback by Ballantine Books in 1954. Ballantine reissued the collection, which was Kornbluth's first, in 1963. While no further editions of the collection were published, six of its nine stories were included in Ballantine's 1977 The Best of C. M. Kornbluth, and all the stories are contained in NESFA's 1997 His Share of Glory: The Complete Short Science Fiction of C. M. Kornbluth.

Cyril M. Kornbluth
Cyril M. Kornbluth (July 2, 1923 – March 21, 1958) was an American science fiction author and a member of the Futurians. He used a variety of pen-names, including Cecil Corwin, S. D. Gottesman, Edward J. Bellin, Kenneth Falconer, Walter C. Davies, Simon Eisner, Jordan Park, Arthur Cooke, Paul Dennis Lavond, and Scott Mariner.
IBM System/3
The IBM System/3 was an IBM midrange computer introduced in 1969, and marketed until 1985. It was produced by IBM Rochester in Minnesota as a low-end business computer aimed at smaller organizations that still used IBM 1400 series computers or unit record equipment. The first member of what IBM refers to as their "midrange" line, it also introduced the RPG II programming language. It is the first ancestor in the product line whose current version is the IBM i series and includes the highly successful AS/400.

IBM 1400 series
The IBM 1400 series are second-generation (transistor) mid-range business decimal computers that IBM marketed in the early 1960s. The computers were offered to replace tabulating machines like the IBM 407. The 1400-series machines stored information in magnetic cores as variable-length character strings separated on the left by a special bit, called a "wordmark," and on the right by a "record mark." Arithmetic was performed digit-by-digit. Input and output support included punched card, magnetic tape, and high-speed line printers. Disk storage was also available.

Many members of the series could be used as independent systems, as extensions to IBM punched-card equipment, or as auxiliary equipment to other computer systems.  Some, however, were intended for specific applications or were economical only as independent systems.
Preparations (album)
Preparations is a studio album by Prefuse 73. It was released on Warp Records in 2007.

Unlike the 2006 EP Security Screenings, Preparations is considered the proper follow-up to the 2005 album Surrounded by Silence.

The album includes a 15-track bonus disc entitled Interregnums, which features "unheard explorations into orchestral soundtrack music", including compositions played by live musicians.

Prefuse 73
Guillermo Scott Herren is an American producer who has been based in Atlanta, Barcelona, and New York City. Herren releases music under the aliases Prefuse 73, Delarosa & Asora, Ahmad Szabo, and Piano Overlord, and is also part of the groups Savath y Savalas, Sons of the Morning, Fudge, Risil, and Diamond Watch Wrists.
Zec de la Grande-Rivière
The Zec de la Grande-Rivière is a zone d'exploitation contrôlée (controlled harvesting zone or ZEC) in the unorganized territory of Mont-Alexandre, in Le Rocher-Percé Regional County Municipality, in administrative region of Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Quebec, Canada. The economy of the territory of the ZEC is based primarily on fishing.

Grande-Rivière, Quebec
Grande-Rivière (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃d ʁivjɛʁ], literally Great River) is a city in the Gaspésie-Îles-de-la-Madeleine region of the province of Québec in Canada.

In addition to Grande-Rivière itself at the mouth of the namesake Grand River, the town's territory also includes the communities of Grande-Rivière-Ouest, Petite-Rivière-Ouest, and Petit Pabos.

Its economy is based on the fishing industry. It is home to two processing plants, as well as offices of the provincial Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food and federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans. The Marine Agricultural Centre is also located there.
Westhoughton railway station
Westhoughton railway station is one of the two stations which serve the town of Westhoughton, in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater Manchester, north-western England. The station is 15+1⁄2 miles (24.9 km) north west of Manchester Piccadilly.

Metropolitan Borough of Bolton
The Metropolitan Borough of Bolton (/ˈboʊltən/ ⓘ BOHL-tən) is a metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, named after its largest town, Bolton, but covering a larger area which includes Blackrod, Farnworth, Horwich, Kearsley, 
Westhoughton, and part of the West Pennine Moors. It had a population of 310,085 in 2024, making it the third-most populous district in Greater Manchester.

What is now the borough was created in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972; the area was formerly part of Lancashire. It was formed from seven urban districts from the administrative county of Lancashire, the southern part of an eighth urban district, and the county borough of Bolton. The metropolitan districts of Bury, Salford and Wigan lie to the east, south and west respectively; and the unitary authority of Blackburn with Darwen and the non-metropolitan district of Chorley in Lancashire to the north and north-west.
Rick Atkinson
Lawrence Rush "Rick" Atkinson IV (born November 15, 1952) is an American author and journalist.

After working as a newspaper reporter, editor, and foreign correspondent for The Washington Post, Atkinson turned to writing military history. His eight books include narrative accounts of five different American wars. He has won Pulitzer Prizes in history and journalism.

His Liberation Trilogy, a history of the American role in the liberation of Europe in World War II, concluded with the publication of The Guns at Last Light in May 2013. In 2010, he received the $100,000 Pritzker Military Library Literature Award for Lifetime Achievement in Military Writing.

Georgia Historical Society
The Georgia Historical Society (GHS), formerly the Georgia Historical Commission, is a statewide historical society in Georgia, United States. Headquartered in Savannah, Georgia, GHS is one of the oldest historical organizations in the United States. Since 1839, the society has collected, examined, and taught Georgia history through a variety of educational outreach programs, publications, and research services.
The Android Invasion
The Android Invasion is the fourth serial of the thirteenth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 22 November to 13 December 1975.

The serial is set on the planet Oseidon and in England. In the serial, the alien race the Kraals plot to wipe out humanity with a virus to prepare the Earth for their invasion.

The serial was directed by former series producer Barry Letts and written by Terry Nation — his first Doctor Who script for eleven years not to feature his creations, the Daleks. The serial marks the last appearances in the programme of both John Levene in his recurring role as Sergeant Benton, and also of Ian Marter, who makes a guest appearance as previous companion Harry Sullivan.

John Levene
John Anthony Woods (born 24 December 1941), known professionally as John Levene, is an English actor, producer, entertainer and singer. Although he has appeared in a large number of films and television series, Levene's best-known role is that of Sergeant Benton, of UNIT in the science-fiction television series Doctor Who, a role he played from 1968 to 1975.
Paweł Sarna (poet)
Paweł Sarna (born January 26, 1977, in Jaworzno, Poland) is a Polish poet. He has published poems in literary magazines, including Kwartalnik Artystyczny, Studium, Przegląd Artystyczno-Literacki, Tytuł, Undergrunt, and Kursywa.  He lives in Katowice.

Jaworzno
Jaworzno [jaˈvɔʐnɔ] ⓘ is a city county in southern Poland in the Silesian Voivodeship, near Katowice. It lies in the Silesian Highlands, on the Przemsza river (a tributary of the Vistula). Jaworzno belongs to Lesser Poland and, despite belonging to the Silesian Voivodeship since 1999, Jaworzno is not part of Silesia. Jaworzno is one of the cities of the 2.7 million conurbation – Katowice urban area and within a more significant Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area populated by about 5,294,000 people. The population of the city is 89,350 (2021).
Kristin Griffith
Kristin Griffith (born September 7, 1953) is an American actress.

With a career spanning several decades, she has appeared in notable films such as Interiors (1978), The Europeans (1979), and King of the Hill (1993), as well as in numerous TV series including Law & Order, Succession, and The Deuce.

In 2025, Griffith won the Best Actress Award at the Prague Independent Film Festival for her performance in the drama film The Reckoning.

Prague Independent Film Festival
Prague Independent Film Festival (PIFF) (Czech: Pražský festival nezávislých filmů) is an international film festival held annually in August in Prague, the capital of Czech Republic. The festival focuses on independent cinema. Festival founder and director is Diana Ringo.
Gościkowo
Gościkowo (Polish: [ɡɔɕt͡ɕiˈkɔvɔ]), formerly Paradyż, is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świebodzin, within Świebodzin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It is situated on the Paklica River.

The former Cistercian abbey now serves as a theological seminary, and is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland.

Gmina Świebodzin
Gmina Świebodzin is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Świebodzin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the town of Świebodzin, which lies approximately 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Zielona Góra and 57 km (35 mi) south of Gorzów Wielkopolski.

The gmina covers an area of 227.36 square kilometres (87.8 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 30,044.