hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minuscule 657
Minuscule 657 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 180 (von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th or 12th century. The manuscript is lacunose. Scrivener labelled it by 876e.

Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener (29 September 1813 – 30 October 1891) was an English writer and scholar. Additionally, he was a New Testament textual critic and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible. He was prebendary of Exeter, and vicar of Hendon.
Frédéric Frans
Frédéric Frans (born 3 January 1989) is a Belgian football manager and former professional footballer.

A ball‑playing centre‑back, he graduated from the Lierse academy and went on to make more than 150 first‑team appearances across two spells, either side of two seasons in Scotland with Partick Thistle. Frans returned to Scottish football in 2018 with Dundee United before finishing his playing career in Belgium with Lierse Kempenzonen and Beerschot VA. Internationally, he was capped by Belgium at under‑18, under‑19 and under‑20 level.

Frans began coaching at Beerschot, leading the under‑23 side and assisting the first team, before accepting his first senior managerial post with Sporting Hasselt in July 2024, steering the newly promoted club to a top‑four finish in the Belgian Division 1. He was appointed head coach of RWDM Brussels on a two‑year contract in July 2025.

K Beerschot VA
Koninklijke Beerschot Voetbalclub Antwerpen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkoːnəŋkləkə ˈbeːrsxɔt ˈvudbɑlklʏp ˈɑntʋɛrpə(n)]), or simply Beerschot, is a Belgian professional football club located in Antwerp, that competes in the second-tier Challenger Pro League after relegation from top tier in 2024–25 season. In 2013, KFCO Wilrijk decided to integrate the identity of Beerschot AC when they were relegated in the 2012–13 season, not only through their league position but also due to losing their professional licence through financial issues, being officially declared bankrupt on 21 May 2013 and folding shortly afterwards. The club colours are purple and white, they play their games on the club's home ground the Olympic Stadium often referred to as 't Kiel.
Climocella mayhillae
Climocella mayhillae is a species of land snail belonging to the family Charopidae. Endemic to New Zealand, the species is found in inland and coastal forested areas of Northland, often in association with podocarp tree bank.

Northland Region
Northland (Māori: Te Tai Tokerau), officially the Northland Region, is the northernmost of New Zealand's 16 local government regions. The region is known for its warm weather. The major population centre is the city of Whangārei, and the largest town is Kerikeri. At the 2018 New Zealand census, Northland recorded a population growth spurt of 18.1% since the previous 2013 census, placing it as the fastest growing region in New Zealand, ahead of other strong growth regions such as the Bay of Plenty Region (2nd with 15%) and Waikato (3rd with 13.5%).
Andi Dorfman
Andi Janette Dorfman (born April 3, 1987) is an American television personality. She was a contestant on the eighteenth season of The Bachelor, and the lead on tenth season of The Bachelorette. She became famous for walking out on bachelor Juan Pablo Galavis in the ninth episode of The Bachelor. She became the first former attorney to appear as The Bachelorette.

Juan Pablo Galavis
Juan Pablo Galavis Guinand (Spanish: [xwam ˈpaβlo ɣalaˈβis]; born August 5, 1981) is an American-born Venezuelan television personality and former professional soccer player. In 2013, he was chosen as the first Latino star of the ABC-TV reality show The Bachelor after 17 editions.
.357 SIG
The .357 SIG (designated as the 357 Sig by the SAAMI and 357 SIG by the C.I.P. or 9×22 mm in official metric notation) is a bottlenecked rimless centerfire handgun cartridge developed by the Swiss-German firearms manufacturer SIG Sauer, in cooperation with ammunition manufacturer Federal Premium.  The cartridge is used by a number of law enforcement agencies.

Law enforcement agency
A law enforcement agency (LEA) is any government agency responsible for law enforcement within a specific jurisdiction through the employment and deployment of law enforcement officers and their resources. The most common type of law enforcement agency is the police, but various other forms exist as well, including agencies that focus on specific legal violations or are organized and overseen by certain authorities. They typically have various powers and legal rights to allow them to perform their duties, such as the power of arrest and the use of force.
Battle of Yatay
In the Paraguayan War, the Battle of Yatay was fought on August 17, 1865, between the troops of the Triple Alliance (Argentina, Brazil and (Uruguay) and the soldiers of Paraguay near Paso de los Libres, Corrientes, Argentina. It was a victory for the Alliance.

The Battle of Yatay was the first major land battle of the Paraguayan War, and most important of the war's second phase.

Paso de los Libres
Paso de los Libres is a city in the east of the province of Corrientes in the Argentine Mesopotamia. It had about 44,000 inhabitants at the 2010 census [INDEC], and is the head town of the department of the same name. The city is on the right-hand (western) shore of the Uruguay River, opposite the city of Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, to which it is joined by a road and railway bridge (Paso de los Libres-Uruguaiana International Bridge). The area is served by Paso de los Libres Airport.
Tony DiCicco
Anthony D. DiCicco Jr. (August 5, 1948 – June 19, 2017) was an American soccer player, coach, administrator, and TV commentator. He is best known as the coach of the United States women's national soccer team from 1994 to 1999, during which time the team won an Olympic gold medal in 1996 and the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. He was also the coach of the U.S. team that won the 2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.

2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup
The 2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup was the 4th edition of the tournament. It was held in Chile between 19 November and 7 December 2008. Sixteen teams, comprising representatives from all six confederations, took part in the final competition, in which Chile had a guaranteed place as the host nation.
Maddox rod
The Maddox rod test can be used to subjectively detect and measure a latent, manifest, horizontal or vertical strabismus for near and distance. The test is based on the principle of diplopic projection. Dissociation of the deviation is brought about by presenting a red line image to one eye and a white light to the other, while prisms are used to superimpose these and effectively measure the angle of deviation (horizontal and vertical). The strength of the prism is increased until the streak of the light passes through the centre of the prism, as the strength of the prism indicates the amount of deviation present. The Maddox rod is a handheld instrument composed of red parallel plano convex cylinder lens, which refracts light rays so that a point source of light is seen as a line or streak of light. Due to the optical properties, the streak of light is seen perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder.

Prism (optics)
An optical prism is a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that are designed to refract light. At least one surface must be angled—elements with only two parallel surfaces are windows, not prisms. The most familiar type of optical prism is the triangular prism, which has a triangular base and rectangular sides. Not all optical prisms are geometric prisms, and not all geometric prisms would count as an optical prism. Prisms can be made from any material that is transparent to the wavelengths for which they are designed. Typical materials include glass, acrylic and fluorite.

A dispersive prism can be used to break white light up into its constituent spectral colors (the colors of the rainbow) to form a spectrum as described in the following section.  Other types of prisms noted below can be used to reflect light, or to split light into components with different polarizations.
Katja Kankaanpää
Katja Kankaanpää (Finnish: [ˈkɑtjɑ ˈkɑŋkɑːmpæː]; born June 30, 1981)  is a Finnish former mixed martial artist who competed in the strawweight division. She is a former Invicta FC Strawweight Champion. Kankaanpää started martial arts training in her teens when she was 15 years old with Goju-ryu karate. Later, she had interest about combat sports by training submission wrestling and other disciplines. In addition to her career in MMA, she competed in submission wrestling and Brazilian jiu-jitsu tournaments.

Invicta Fighting Championships
Invicta Fighting Championships, also known as Invicta FC, is an American professional mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion dedicated to women's mixed martial arts  that was founded in 2012 by Janet Martin and Shannon Knapp. The promotion is currently owned by the Canadian-based Anthem Sports & Entertainment.

The company's name comes from the Latin word for "invincible and incomparable", which appears in the feminine form.
Imre Gedővári
Imre Gedővári (1 July 1951 – 22 May 2014) was a Hungarian fencer and Olympic gold medalist.  He won his first World Championship medal, a silver, in 1975 and made his Olympic debut in 1976.  He won his first World Championship gold medals in 1978 for team sabre, adding two more in 1981 and 1982.  At the 1980 Olympics, he won two bronze medals.  At the 1988 Olympics, Gedővári won the decisive match in a come-from-behind gold medal performance for Hungary.  He retired from competition after the Olympics as a ten-time national champion.  He remained active in sport, working for the Hungarian Fencing Federation and Újpesti TE.

Gedővári was awarded an Order of the Star by Hungary in 1988, and was twice named national fencer of the year.  He fenced left-handed and had a tall, slender build.

Order (distinction)
An order is a visible honour awarded by a sovereign state, monarch, dynastic house or organisation to a person, typically in recognition of individual merit, that often comes with distinctive insignia such as collars, medals, badges, and sashes worn by recipients.

Modern honour systems of state orders and dynastic orders emerged from the culture of  orders of chivalry of the Middle Ages, which in turn emerged from the Catholic religious orders.
Octophone
The octophone (or octofone) is a stringed musical instrument related to the mandola family resembling an octave mandolin. It was marketed by Regal Musical Instrument Company, who introduced it 21 January 1928, as an "eight-purpose instrument".

The name "Octophone" came from the idea that the instrument could take on the "tone combinations" of eight instruments, the tenor guitar, tenor banjo, ukulele, taro patch, tiple, mandolin, mandola and mandocello. Changing from one instrument to another was a matter of changing the tuning. The instrument came with an instruction book that told owners "how to use, how to tune and how to play" the instrument

Octave mandolin
The octave mandolin (US and Canada) or octave mandola (Ireland and UK) is a fretted string instrument with four pairs of strings tuned in fifths, G−D−A−E (low to high). It is larger than the mandola, but smaller than the mandocello and its construction is similar to other instruments in the mandolin family. Usually the courses are all unison pairs, but the lower two may sometimes be strung as octave pairs with the higher-pitched octave string on top so that it is hit before the thicker lower-pitched string. Alternate tunings of G−D−A−D and A−D−A−D are often employed by Celtic musicians.
Deca Games
Deca Games, stylized as DECA, is a German video games publisher and developer headquartered in Berlin. The company's focus is on acquiring and operating older free-to-play games as a service.

The company has also acquired a number of free-to-play mobile games, including DragonVale and multiple titles from Japanese publisher GREE (including Crime City, Knights and Dragons, Modern War and Kingdom Age).

Live service game
In the video game industry, a live service game (also referred to as games as a service, abbreviated to GaaS) represents providing video games or game content on a continuing revenue model, similar to software as a service. Live service games are ways to monetize video games either after their initial sale, or to support a free-to-play model. Games released under the live service model are designed to receive a long or indefinite stream of monetized new content over time to encourage players to continue paying to support the game. This often leads to games that work under a live service model to be called "living games" or "live games" since they continually change with these updates.
Christine J. Johnson
Christine J. Johnson was Treasurer for DeKalb County, Illinois, first elected to the office in 1994 and continuing until her resignation in December 2020. She was the longest-serving treasurer in the county's history. Johnson is also a former Republican member of the Illinois Senate, where she represented the 35th legislative district in Boone, DeKalb, Ogle, LaSalle and Winnebago counties from 2011 to 2013. Johnson was elected to her 7th term as Treasurer in 2018.

DeKalb County, Illinois
DeKalb County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 100,420. Its county seat is Sycamore. DeKalb County is part of the Chicago–Naperville–Elgin, IL–IN–WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Biological pigment
A biological pigment, also known simply as a pigment or biochrome, is a substance produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption. Biological pigments include plant pigments and flower pigments. Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, feathers, fur and hair contain pigments such as melanin in specialized cells called chromatophores. In some species, pigments accrue over very long periods during an individual's lifespan.

Pigment color differs from structural color in that it is the same for all viewing angles, whereas structural color is the result of selective reflection or iridescence, usually because of multilayer structures. For example, butterfly wings typically contain structural color, although many butterflies have cells that contain pigment as well.

Reflection (physics)
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light, sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection (for example at a mirror) the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected.

In acoustics, reflection causes echoes and is used in sonar. In geology, it is important in the study of seismic waves. Reflection is observed with surface waves in bodies of water. Reflection is observed with many types of electromagnetic wave, besides visible light. Reflection of VHF and higher frequencies is important for radio transmission and for radar. Even hard X-rays and gamma rays can be reflected at shallow angles with special "grazing" mirrors.
Khoda Baksh Chowdhury
Khuda Baksh Chowdhury (born 15 August 1952) is a former Inspector General of Police of Bangladesh Police. He served as Special Assistant with the status equivalent to a Minister of State of the Interim government of Bangladesh.

He also served as the Senior Police Advisor in UNAMA from June 2008 to April 2010.

Inspector General of Police (Bangladesh)
The Inspector General of Police (IGP) (Bengali: পুলিশের মহাপরিদর্শক, romanized: Pulisher Mohāporidôrśok) is the highest-ranking officer and professional head of the Bangladesh Police. The Inspector General of Police is responsible for the overall command, administration, and operational effectiveness of the national police force, overseeing law enforcement, public order, and internal security across the country.

The office is held by a senior officer of the Bangladesh Police and is appointed by the Government of Bangladesh under the supervision of the Ministry of Home Affairs. The IGP also coordinates with other security and law enforcement agencies to ensure public safety and effective policing nationwide.
SS Reiher (1909)
Reiher was a 975 GRT cargo ship that was built in 1909 by Bremer Vulkan, Bremen, Germany for Argo Line. She was renamed Flamingo in 1938 and was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine in 1939, serving as the vorpostenboot V-109 Flamingo and the sperrbrecher Sperrbrecher 39 and Sperrbrecher 139. She struck a mine and sank off the coast on Norway in February 1945.

Vorpostenboot
Vorpostenboot (plural Vorpostenboote), also referred to as VP-Boats, flakships or outpost boats, were German patrol boats which served during both World Wars. They were used around coastal areas and in coastal operations, and were tasked with – among other things – coastal patrol, ship escort, and naval combat.
Feud of the Sviatoslavichi
The Feud of the Sviatoslavichi was a war of succession in Kievan Rus' in the late 970s (the precise dating is uncertain), between the sons of the Kievan prince Sviatoslav I Igorevich (died 972), for 'eldership' after the death of their father.

Grand Prince of Kiev
The Grand Prince of Kiev (sometimes also Grand Duke) was the title of the monarch of Kievan Rus', residing in Kiev (modern Kyiv) from the 10th to 13th centuries. In the 13th century, Kiev became an appanage principality, first of the grand prince of Vladimir and the Mongol Golden Horde governors, and was later taken over by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Rus' chronicles such as the Primary Chronicle are inconsistent in applying the title "grand prince" to various princes of Kievan Rus'. Although most sources consistently attribute it to the prince of Kiev, there is no agreement which princes were also "grand prince", and scholars have thus come up with different lists of grand princes of Kiev.
Merve Aladağ
Merve Aladağ (1 March 1993) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a striker for Turkish First League club Kdz. Ereğli Belediye Spor. With her team, she has also played the Champions League. She is a member of the Turkish national team, having made her official debut on 23 November 2011 against Romania, and as a junior international she played the 2012 U-19 European Championship.

Romania women's national football team
The Romania women's national football team represents Romania in international women's football. Their most recent competition is qualification for the UEFA Women's Euro 2025. Despite not gaining as much success as the men's, the women's team has been improving greatly, and almost qualified for UEFA Women's Euro and FIFA Women's World Cup. The rise of women's team is the chance for Romania to become the first Balkan nation to play on an international competitions, and become the first nation to have both men and women's teams participating in both tournaments. The only rival for them in the Balkans, is Serbia, as Serbian women's team had almost qualified for a major tournament recently.
Good Samaritan Hospital (Suffern)
Good Samaritan Hospital is a non-profit, 286-bed hospital in Suffern, New York. It provides emergency, medical, surgical, obstetrical, gynecological, and acute care services.

The hospital is home to a cardiovascular program, cancer treatment services, wound and hyperbaric institute and maternal/child services that includes a children's diagnostic center. Good Samaritan Hospital also provides social, psychiatric and substance abuse services and its certified home care agency supports residents of the Hudson Valley and beyond. Good Samaritan Hospital is a member of the Bon Secours Charity Health System, which also includes St. Anthony Community Hospital in Warwick, New York, and Bon Secours Community Hospital in Port Jervis, New York.

Bon Secours Charity Health System has subsequently become part of the WMCHealth. The hospital currently has a staff of more than 600 doctors and 2,000 employees. Its academic affiliate is the New York Medical College School of Medicine.

Suffern, New York
Suffern (/ˈsʌfərn/ ⓘ) is a village that was incorporated in 1796 in the town of Ramapo in Rockland County, New York. Located adjacent to the town of Mahwah, New Jersey, Suffern is located 31 miles northwest of Manhattan. As of the 2020 census, Suffern's population was 11,402.
Stephen J. Yates
Stephen J. Yates is an American political advisor and government official who last served as the president of Radio Free Asia. He previously served as the deputy national security adviser to the Vice President to Dick Cheney from 2001 to 2005 and chairman of the Idaho Republican Party from 2014 to 2017. He has been the CEO of consulting firm DC International Advisory since 2006.

Office of the Vice President of the United States
The Office of the Vice President includes personnel who directly support or advise the vice president of the United States. The office is headed by the chief of staff to the vice president of the United States, currently. The office also provides staffing and support to the second lady of the United States. It is primarily housed in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building (containing the vice president's ceremonial office), with offices for the vice president also in the West Wing, the United States Capitol, and in the vice president's official residence.
A. T. Goldie Gardner
Lieutenant-Colonel Alfred Thomas Goldie Gardner OBE MC (31 May 1890 – 25 August 1958) was an English racing car driver who was the most prolific speed-record driver ever. He achieved nearly 150 national and international speed records, and at one point held six of the ten speed record category titles. According to the FIA, three of his records still stand today. Gardner was awarded the Segrave Trophy in 1938 and was a recipient of the  BRDC Gold Star. In 1939, he was the first person to exceed 200 mph in a light car.

British Racing Drivers' Club
The British Racing Drivers' Club (BRDC) is an invitation-only members club for racecar drivers who are judged to have achieved success in the upper levels of motor sport for a number of seasons. Except under exceptional circumstances, members must have been born in the United Kingdom or Commonwealth. The BRDC owns and operates Silverstone Circuit in the United Kingdom.
Bronisław (given name)
Bronisław (Polish: [brɔˈɲi.swaf] ⓘ) is a Polish masculine given name, derived from the Slavic elements borna (to protect, to defend) and slava (glory, fame). It is the Polish variant of the Slavic name Bronislav. The feminine form is Bronisława.

Slavic names
Given names originating from the Slavic languages are most common in Slavic countries.

The main types of Slavic names are:

Two-base names, often ending in mir/měr (Ostromir/měr, Tihomir/měr, Němir/měr), *voldъ (Vsevolod, Rogvolod), *pъlkъ (Svetopolk, Yaropolk), *slavъ (Vladislav, Dobroslav, Vseslav) and their derivatives (Dobrynya, Tishila, Ratisha, Putyata, etc.)

Names from flora and fauna (Shchuka - pike, Yersh - ruffe, Zayac - hare, Wolk/Vuk - wolf, Orel - eagle)

Names in order of birth (Pervusha - born first, Vtorusha/Vtorak - born second, Tretiusha/Tretyak - born third)

Names according to human qualities (Hrabr - brave, Milana/Milena - beautiful, Milosh - beloved, Nadezhda - hope)

Names containing the root of the name of a Slavic deity (Troyan, Perunek/Peruvit, Yarovit, Stribor, Šventaragis, Veleslava)