hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vundavalli Aruna Kumar
Vundavalli Arun Kumar (born 4 August 1954) is an Indian politician, lawyer, political analyst and a former Member of Parliament of India. He was elected to the 14th Lok Sabha and 15th Lok Sabha from Rajahmundry constituency of Andhra Pradesh. He was a member of the Indian National Congress party.

Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy
Yeduguri Sandinti Rajasekhara Reddy (8 July 1949 – 2 September 2009), popularly known as YSR, was an Indian politician. He served as the 14th chief minister of Andhra Pradesh from 2004 to 2009. Reddy was elected (1989, 1991, 1996 and 1998) four terms to the Lok Sabha from Kadapa. He was also elected (1978, 1983, 1985, 1999, 2004 and 2009) six terms to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Pulivendula. Over the course of his career, he won every election that he contested, either to Assembly or Lok Sabha.

On 2 September 2009, a helicopter carrying Reddy went missing in the Nallamala Forest area. It was later confirmed to have crashed with all five people including Reddy pronounced dead.
Television in Russia
Television is the most popular medium in Russia, with 74% of the population watching national television channels routinely and 59% routinely watching regional channels. There are 6,700 television channels in total. Before going digital, 3 channels have a nationwide outreach (over 90% coverage of the Russian territory): Channel Five – Petersburgh, Russia-1 and NTV.

Russia-1
Russia-1 (Russian: Россия-1) is a state-owned Russian television channel, first aired on 14 February 1956 as Programme Two in the Soviet Union. It was relaunched as RTR on 13 May 1991, and is known as Russia-1. It is the flagship channel of the All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (VGTRK).

In 2008 Russia-1 had the second largest audience in Russian television. In a typical week, it was viewed by 75% of urban Russians, compared to 83% for the leading channel, Channel One. The two channels are similar in their politics, and they compete directly in entertainment. Russia-1 has many regional variations and broadcasts in many languages.
Shturm Ruza
Shturm-2002 Moskovskaya Oblast, a.k.a. Shturm Ruza, is a Russian water polo club. Founded in 2002 in Chekhov, Moscow Oblast, in 2010 it was relocated to Ruza, also in the Moscow Oblast.

Shturm Chekhov's male team won four national championships plus the 2008 LEN Trophy between the years 2005 and 2009. The female team was the national championship's runner-up between 2009 and 2011 and like its male counterpart, it won the Women's LEN Trophy one year later. In the 2011–12 season the male and female teams were defeated in the LEN Trophy's Round of 16 and the European Cup's quarter-finals respectively.

European Aquatics Euro Cup
The European Aquatics Euro Cup is the second-tier European water polo club competition run by the European Aquatics for those clubs who did not qualify for the European Aquatics Champions League. The cup was inaugurated in 1992. From 2024, after LEN was renamed to European Aquatics, the new name is the European Aquatics Euro Cup.
NBB All-Star Weekend
The NBB All-Star Weekend is an annual event involving the All-Star players of each season of the Novo Basquete Brasil (New Basketball Brazil), which is the top-tier level Brazilian professional club basketball league. This event features the NBB Dunks Tournament and the NBB Three-point Tournament (both featured since the first edition of the All-Star Weekend), and the NBB Skills Challenge (featured since the 2011 edition). The NBB All-Star Weekend also features the NBB All-Star Game, as its main event.

Novo Basquete Brasil
Novo Basquete Brasil (NBB; English: New Basketball Brazil) is the Brazilian premier professional men's basketball league. It is organized by the Liga Nacional de Basquete (LNB; English: National Basketball League), in a new format of Brazil's previous top-tier level basketball competition, the Campeonato Brasileiro de Basquete (Brazilian Basketball Championship). The NBB is managed by the Brazilian basketball associations, which were founding members of the LNB.
Brice Roger
Brice Roger (born 9 August 1990) is a World Cup alpine ski racer from France. From Bourg-Saint-Maurice, Savoie, he specializes in the speed events of downhill and super-G. He made his World Cup debut at age twenty in January 2011.

Roger was scheduled to compete for France at the 2014 Winter Olympics, but tore his anterior cruciate ligament during training and did not compete. He made the team for the 2018 Games and was eighth in the downhill.

Super-G
Super giant slalom, or super-G, is a racing discipline of alpine skiing. Along with the faster downhill, it is regarded as a "speed" event, in contrast to the technical events giant slalom and slalom. It debuted as an official World Cup event during the 1983 season and was added to the official schedule of the World Championships in 1987 and the Winter Olympics in 1988.

Much like downhill, a super-G course consists of widely set gates that racers must pass through. The course is set so that skiers must turn more than in downhill, though the speeds are still much higher than in giant slalom (hence the name). Each athlete only has one run to clock the best time. In the Olympics, super-G courses are usually set on the same slopes as the downhill, but with a lower starting point.
Cablebús
The Sistema de Transporte Público Cablebús, simply branded as Cablebús, is an aerial lift transport system that runs in the Gustavo A. Madero and Iztapalapa areas of Mexico City. It is operated by Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos, the agency responsible for the operation of all trolleybus and light rail services in Mexico City. Line 1 was officially inaugurated on 11 July 2021, going from the Indios Verdes station of the STC Metro to the northern neighborhoods of Gustavo A. Madero. Line 2 runs from the Constitución de 1917 to the Santa Marta STC Metro stations in the southeast of the city. Line 3 runs along the Chapultepec city park. Two additional lines are under planning.

Santa Marta metro station
Santa Marta (sometimes spelled Santa Martha) is a station along Line A of the Mexico City Metro.  It is located in the Colonia Ermita Zaragoza  neighborhood of the Iztapalapa borough in Mexico City.

The logo of the station depicts a silhouette of Saint Martha with a pitcher in her hands.
NZR B class (1874)
The NZR B class of 1874 was the first of two steam locomotive classes to be designated as B by the Railways Department that then oversaw New Zealand's national rail network (the second B class was introduced in 1899). Ordered from the Avonside Engine Company in 1874, the locomotives were of the Double Fairlie type and were the first British-built locomotives to feature Walschaerts valve gear.  They were not the first Double Fairlies to operate in New Zealand, as the first two members of the E class had commenced operations in 1872.

New Zealand Railways Department
The New Zealand Railways Department, NZR or NZGR (New Zealand Government Railways) and often known as the "Railways", was a government department charged with owning and maintaining New Zealand's railway infrastructure and operating the railway system. The department was created in 1880 and was corporatised on 1 April 1982 into the New Zealand Railways Corporation. Originally, railway construction and operation took place under the auspices of the former provincial governments and some private railways, before all of the provincial operations came under the central Public Works Department. The role of operating the rail network was subsequently separated from that of the network's construction. From 1895 to 1993 there was a responsible Minister, the Minister of Railways. He was often also the Minister of Public Works.

Apart from four brief experiments with independent boards, NZR remained under direct ministerial control for most of its history.
Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey
Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey, PC (10 July 1614 – 6 April 1686) was an Anglo-Irish royalist statesman. After short periods as President of the Council of State and Treasurer of the Navy, he served as Lord Privy Seal between 1673 and 1682 for Charles II. He succeeded his father as 2nd Viscount Valentia in 1660, and he was created Earl of Anglesey in 1661.

Privy Council of England
The Privy Council of England, also known as His (or Her) Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council (Latin: concilium familiare, concilium privatum et assiduum), was a body of advisers to the sovereign of the Kingdom of England. Its members were often senior members of the House of Lords and the House of Commons, together with leading churchmen, judges, diplomats and military leaders.

The Privy Council of England was a powerful institution, advising the sovereign on the exercise of the royal prerogative and on the granting of royal charters. It issued executive orders known as Orders in Council and also had judicial functions.

In 1708, the Privy Council of England was abolished and subsumed into the Privy Council of Great Britain along with the Privy Council of Scotland.
Wire
A wire is a flexible, round bar of metal. Wires are commonly formed by drawing the metal through a hole in a die or draw plate. Wire gauges come in various standard sizes, as expressed in terms of a gauge number or cross-sectional area.

Wires are used to bear mechanical loads, often in the form of wire rope. In electricity and telecommunications signals, wire can refer to electrical cable, which can contain a solid core of a single wire or separate strands in stranded or braided forms.

Usually cylindrical in geometry, wire can also be made in square, hexagonal, flattened rectangular, or other cross-sections, either for decorative purposes, or for technical purposes such as high-efficiency voice coils in loudspeakers. Edge-wound coil springs, such as the Slinky toy, are made of special flattened wire.

Draw plate
A draw plate is a type of die consisting of a hardened steel plate with one or more tapered holes through which wire is drawn to make it thinner. A typical plate will have twenty to thirty holes, so a wide range of diameters can be drawn.
John R. Guthrie
John Reiley Guthrie (20 December 1921 – 25 May 2009) was a United States Army four-star general who served as commanding general, United States Army Development and Research Command (DARCOM) from 1977 to 1981. In the 1980s, DARCOM was renamed United States Army Materiel Command.

United States Army Materiel Command
The United States Army Materiel Command (AMC) is the primary provider of materiel to the United States Army via its contracting support brigades.

AMC operates depots; arsenals; ammunition plants; and other facilities, and maintains the Army's prepositioned stocks, both on land and afloat. The command is also the Department of Defense Executive Agent for conventional ammunition and the U.S. chemical weapons stockpile.

AMC is responsible for the business of selling United States Army equipment and services to allies of the United States and negotiates and implements agreements for co-production of U.S. weapons systems by other states.
Glen Deweese
Glen Sennett Deweese (January 5, 1932 – September 27, 2001) was an American convenience store owner and Democratic politician. He was a member of the Mississippi State Senate from 1976 to 1992, and its president pro tempore from 1986 to 1992.

Mississippi State Senate
The Mississippi State Senate is the upper house of the Mississippi Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The Senate, along with the lower Mississippi House of Representatives, convenes at the Mississippi State Capitol in Jackson. The Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi serves as President of the Senate.

The Senate is composed of 52 senators representing an equal number of constituent districts, with 56,947 people per district (2020 census). In the current legislative session, the Republican Party holds 34 seats while the Democratic Party holds 18 seats, creating a Republican trifecta in the state government.

The Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions, and boards and can create and amend bills.
Zhu Jun (businessman)
Jun Zhu (Chinese: 朱骏; born 7 October 1966) is a Chinese-born Singaporean industrialist and businessman and the Chairman of Nasdaq listed company the Nine City (NASDAQ: NCTY). He is also known for his chairmanship of Shanghai Shenhua football club.

The9
The9 Ltd. (Chinese: 第九城市) is a Shanghai-based online game operator which had the exclusive licence to operate and distribute World of Warcraft in China (launched in June 2005, it has since become the largest online game), a licence it secured after successfully aiding Webzen Games with the distribution of Mu Online in China.  However, in April 2009, Blizzard said that the licence has been moved to NetEase.com.
2008–2009 Chile listeriosis outbreak
The 2008–2009 Chile listeriosis outbreak was an epidemic outbreak of listeriosis in that country, caused by the species Listeria monocytogenes, which spread mainly through foods of animal origin, such as cecina, sausages, cheese and other dairy products. As of August 2009, 164 cases had been recorded, with a total of 16 deaths, among whom different strains of the bacterium were detected.

While in 2008 the outbreak was restricted to the Santiago Metropolitan Region, where the strain called "clone 009" predominated, in 2009 it spread to the regions of Valparaíso, O'Higgins, Maule, Biobío and Araucanía, through a different strain, called "clone 001".

Strain (biology)
In biology, a strain is a genetic variant, a subtype or a culture within a biological species. Strains are often seen as inherently artificial concepts, characterized by a specific intent for genetic isolation. This is most easily observed in microbiology where strains are derived from a single cell colony and are typically quarantined by the physical constraints of a Petri dish. Strains are also commonly referred to within virology, botany, and with rodents used in experimental studies.
Grand Mosque of Erzurum
Grand Mosque of Erzurum (Turkish: Erzurum Ulu Cami) is an historic mosque in Erzurum, Turkey.  It is also called "Atabey Mosque" because the Saltukids were referred to as the “Atabey”.

The mosque was built by Nasreddin Aslan Mehmed, the Emir of Saltuk, in 1179 CE, corresponding to 574 AH.  The mosque is shaped in the classic rectangular model of the pre-Ottoman Seljuk era.

The mosque can hold up to 10,000 worshippers.

Saltukids
The Saltukids or Saltuqids (Modern Turkish: Saltuklu Beyliği) were a dynasty of the Seljuk Empire, founded after the Battle of Manzikert (1071) centred on Erzurum. The Saltukids ruled between 1071 and 1202. The beylik was founded by Emir Saltuk, one of the Turkmen commanders of the Great Seljuk Alp Arslan. The beylik fought frequently against the Georgian Kingdom for hegemony of the Kars region. The center of the beylik, Erzurum, was briefly re-occupied by the Byzantine Empire between 1077 and 1079, and was besieged by the Georgian King Giorgi III in 1184. It comprised the entirety of present-day Erzurum and Bayburt provinces, lands east of Erzincan, most of Kars, and lands north of Ağrı and Muş provinces during its height.
Scott A. Wolpert
Scott A. Wolpert is an American mathematician specializing in geometry.  He is a professor at the University of Maryland.

Wolpert received his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1976.

In 1986 he was an Invited Speaker at the International Congresses of Mathematicians in Berkeley, California.  
In 2012, Wolpert became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

David Webb (mathematician)
David Webb is an American mathematician known for his work on hearing the shape of a drum.

Webb attended Cornell University, where he received his PhD in 1983 under the supervision of Kenneth Stephen Brown. He is currently a professor of mathematics at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire.

In 2001 Webb and co-author Carolyn S. Gordon were awarded the Mathematical Association of America Chauvenet Prize for their 1996 American Scientist paper, "You can't hear the shape of a drum".
Sean Ludwick
Sean P. Ludwick (born 1972/1973) is an American real estate developer. He is the founder and managing partner of Black House Development, a residential development firm. He was convicted in 2017 of aggravated vehicular homicide, leaving the scene of an accident that resulted in a death, and aggravated driving while intoxicated.

Vehicular homicide
Vehicular homicide is a crime that involves the death of a person other than the driver as a result of either criminally negligent or murderous operation of a motor vehicle.

In cases of criminal negligence, the defendant is commonly charged with unintentional vehicular manslaughter. Vehicular homicide is similar to the offense, in some countries, of "dangerous driving causing death".

The victim may be either a person not in the car with the offending motorist (such as a pedestrian, cyclist, or another motorist), or a passenger in the vehicle with the offender.
Josiah Clapham
Josiah Clapham (also spelled Josias; died 1803) was a colonial merchant, military officer, and politician in Virginia who served as a member of the House of Burgesses and later the Virginia General Assembly, representing Loudoun County.

Loudoun County, Virginia
Loudoun County (/ˈlaʊdən/) is in the northern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. In 2020, the census returned a population of 420,959, making it Virginia's third-most populous county. The county seat is Leesburg. Loudoun County is part of the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

As of 2023, Loudoun County had a median household income of $156,821, the highest of any county or county equivalent in the nation.
Ceremonial maces in Canada
Ceremonial maces in Canada began as a tradition carried from the Parliament of the United Kingdom, where they represent the Sovereign's Authority. This was derived from their use as lethal weapons of medieval knights in England, Scotland, and Wales, evolving into ceremonial objects carried by sergeants-at-arms.

The ceremonial maces in the Canadian Senate and House of Commons embody the authority each chamber derives from the country's sovereign. It also represents the Royal authority of Charles III, the King of Canada. The current mace in the Commons is the fourth mace, a replica of the third one destroyed by fire at the Centre Block in 1916.

A similar practice is employed in each of the provincial and territorial legislatures, with a mace representing the sovereign's authority and power in each of the respective legislatures.

Serjeant-at-arms
A serjeant-at-arms or sergeant-at-arms is an officer appointed by a deliberative body, usually a legislature, to keep order during its meetings. The word "serjeant" is derived from the Latin serviens, which means "servant".

In the Middle Ages, the serjeants-at-arms were bodies of armed men retained by the French and English monarchs: the ceremonial maces with which they are associated were originally a type of weapon. Serjeants-at-arms continue to serve a ceremonial role in the Royal Household of the United Kingdom; as such they represent the oldest royal bodyguard in England.
Évariste Galois
Évariste Galois (/ɡælˈwɑː/; French: [evaʁist ɡalwa]; 25 October 1811 – 31 May 1832) was a French mathematician and political activist. While still in his teens, he was able to determine a necessary and sufficient condition for a polynomial to be solvable by radicals, thereby solving a problem that had been open for 350 years. His work laid the foundations for Galois theory and group theory, two major branches of abstract algebra.

Galois was a staunch Republican and was heavily involved in the political turmoil that surrounded the French Revolution of 1830.  As a result of his political activism, he was arrested repeatedly, serving one jail sentence of several months. For reasons that remain obscure, shortly after his release from prison, Galois fought in a duel and died of the wounds he suffered.

July Revolution
The July Revolution (French: Révolution de Juillet), also known as the French Revolution of 1830, Second French Revolution, or les Trois Glorieuses ("the Three Glorious [Days]"), was a second French Revolution after the first of 1789–99. It led to the overthrow of King Charles X, the French Bourbon monarch, and the ascent of his cousin Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans.

The 1830 Revolution marked a shift from that point on as the constitutional monarchy was restored with the July Monarchy; the transition of power from the House of Bourbon to its cadet branch, the House of Orléans; and the replacement of the principle of hereditary right by that of popular sovereignty. Supporters of the Bourbons would be called Legitimists, and supporters of Louis Philippe were known as Orléanists. In addition, there continued to be Bonapartists supporting the return of Napoleon's heirs. After 18 precarious years on the throne, Louis-Philippe was overthrown in the French Revolution of 1848.
Ilia Jarostchuk
Ilia Jarostchuk (born August 1, 1964) is an American former professional football linebacker who played for the St. Louis Cardinals, San Francisco 49ers, Miami Dolphins, Phoenix Cardinals, and New England Patriots. He played college football at New Hampshire.

New Hampshire Wildcats football
The New Hampshire Wildcats football program is the intercollegiate American football team for the University of New Hampshire. The Wildcats compete in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and are members of the Coastal Athletic Association (CAA). The team plays its home games at the 11,000 seat Wildcat Stadium in Durham, New Hampshire, and are led by incoming head coach Sean Goldrich.

The school has fielded a varsity football team annually since 1893, with the exception of one year during World War I and two years during World War II. Bill Bowes, who served as head coach from 1972 to 1998, is an inductee of the College Football Hall of Fame.
Oe with macron
Oe with macron (Ө̄ ө̄; italics: Ө̄ ө̄) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

Oe with macron is used in Selkup to represent a long close-mid front rounded vowel /øː/ and in Uilta to represent long /o~ɵː/.

Until a new alphabet was published in 2016, it was used in Negidal to represent a long close-mid central rounded vowel /ɵː/.

Close-mid central rounded vowel
The close-mid central rounded vowel, or high-mid central rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɵ⟩, a lowercase barred letter o. The value was specified only in 1993; until then, ⟨ɵ⟩ represented the mid central rounded vowel [ə̹].

The character ɵ has been used in several Latin-derived alphabets such as the one for Yañalif but then denotes a sound that is different from that of the IPA. The character is homographic with Cyrillic Ө. The Unicode code point is U+019F Ɵ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH MIDDLE TILDE.

This vowel occurs in Cantonese, Dutch, French, Russian and Swedish as well as in a number of English dialects as a realization of /ʊ/ (as in foot), /ɜː/ (as in nurse) or /oʊ/ (as in goat).

This sound rarely contrasts with the near-close front rounded vowel and so is sometimes transcribed with the symbol ⟨ʏ⟩ (the symbol for the near-close front rounded vowel).