hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sundrome
The Sundrome, later TWA Domestic Terminal and Terminal 6, was one of several terminals at John F. Kennedy International Airport. It was designed by I. M. Pei & Partners (now Pei Cobb Freed & Partners). Opened in 1969, it was initially used by National Airlines. It had been occupied at various times by Trans World Airlines (domestic flights), Pan Am, United Airlines (SFO and LAX transcontinental flights), ATA Airlines, Pan American Airways (1996–1998), Carnival Airlines, Vanguard Airlines, and America West Airlines. Most recently, from 1998 to 2008, Terminal 6 was the home of JetBlue. It became vacant on October 22, 2008, when JetBlue moved to Terminal 5, and finally demolished in 2011.

Pan Am (1996–1998)
Pan American Airways, also known as Pan Am II, was an airline created in 1996 by an investment group that included former US ambassador Charles Cobb. The group purchased the rights to the venerable Pan Am brand after the original carrier declared bankruptcy in 1991. The airline was headquartered in the then-unincorporated city of Doral, near Miami, Florida. It ceased operations in 1998 and was quickly replaced by Pan Am III.
Kassa (mansa)
Qasa (Arabic: قسا, romanized: Qasā; d. c. 1360), in oral tradition also known as Kamba, was a short-lived mansa of the Mali Empire. He succeeded his father, Sulayman, and reigned for only nine months. A civil war broke out after Sulayman's death, which Sulayman's great-nephew Jata won by late 1360.

Charles Monteil suggested that Qasa was the son of Sulayman's first principal wife, Qasa, due to the practice of matronymics. Nehemia Levtzion considered this unlikely, as a matronymic name would combine the name of the mother and name of the son, as in Kanku Musa, "Musa son of Kanku", rather than being the name of the mother alone, and furthermore, qasā means "queen" and was probably the title of Sulayman's wife, not her personal name. Moreover, the name of Mansa Qasa is also recorded as Fanbā, Qanbā, or Qanbatā in some manuscripts, and so may be unconnected with Sulayman's wife Qasa. Michael Gomez suggested that Mansa Qasa was Qasa herself, ruling in her own right.

Nehemia Levtzion
Nehemia Levtzion (Hebrew: נחמיה לבציון; November 24, 1935 — August 15, 2003) was an Israeli scholar of African history, Near East, Islamic, and African studies, and the President of the Open University of Israel from 1987 to 1992. He was also the Executive Director of the Van Leer Jerusalem Institute from 1994 to 1997.
Bengt Robertson
Bengt A. Robertson was a Swedish physician and perinatal pathologist. Robertson was primarily known for the development of the synthetic lung surfactant Corusurf which provided relief to very small babies suffering from infant respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). From 1974 to 2000, he was the director of the division for experimental perinatal pathology in the department of women and child Health at the Karolinska Institute.

In 1996, he was awarded the King Faisal International Prize in Medicine together with Tetsurō Fujiwara for contributions to the understanding of neonatal medicine.

King Faisal Prize
The King Faisal Prize (Arabic: جائزة الملك فيصل, formerly King Faisal International Prize), is an annual award sponsored by King Faisal Foundation presented to "dedicated men and women whose contributions make a positive difference".  The foundation awards prizes in five categories: Service to Islam; Islamic studies; the Arabic language and Arabic literature; science; and medicine.

The first King Faisal Prize was awarded to the Pakistani scholar Abul A'la Maududi in 1979 for his service to Islam. In 1981, Khalid of Saudi Arabia received the same award.  In 1984, Fahd of Saudi Arabia was the recipient of the award. In 1986, this prize was co-awarded to Ahmed Deedat and French Roger Garaudy.
Koshiro Shimada
Koshiro Shimada (島田 高志郎, Shimada Kōshirō; born September 11, 2001) is a Japanese figure skater. With ice dance partner, Ikura Kushida, he is the 2025–26 Japanese national silver medalist.

As a singles skater, he is the 2022-23 Japanese national silver medalist, the 2024 Grand Prix de France silver medalist, a three-time ISU Challenger Series medalist, and the 2019 Bavarian Open champion. On the junior level, he is the 2018–19 Junior Grand Prix Final bronze medalist, a three-time ISU Junior Grand Prix medalist, and a two-time Japan Junior national medalist.

2022–23 Japan Figure Skating Championships
The 2022–23 Japan Figure Skating Championships were held in Kadoma, Osaka on December 21–25, 2022. It was the 91st edition of the event. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pairs, and ice dance. The results were part of the Japanese selection criteria for the 2023 Four Continents Championships and the 2023 World Championships.
Kamar Ahmad Simon
Kamar Ahmad Simon is a Bangladeshi filmmaker. He was featured as red carpet director in Piazza Grande at Locarno and has won various awards including the prestigious Harrell Award at CIFF (Camden), Grand Prix at Cinéma du Réel (Paris), Open Doors Award and Arte International Prix at Locarno, Golden Conch at MIFF (Mumbai), grants from Sundance, IDFA-Bertha and WCF/ Berlinale. He has been a jury member of the Sydney International Film Festival for the Australian segment, La Bibliothèque publique d’information (BPI) France, Johns Hopkins University USA has acquired his film and Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (RAI) have exhibited his work.

Locarno Film Festival
The Locarno International Film Festival is a major international film festival held annually in Locarno, Switzerland. Founded in 1946, the festival screens films in various competitive and non-competitive sections, including feature-length narrative, documentary, short, avant-garde, and retrospective programs. The Piazza Grande section is held in an open-air venue that seats 8,000 spectators.

The top prize of the festival is the Golden Leopard, awarded to the best film in the International Competition. Other awards include the Leopard of Honour for career achievement, and the Prix du Public, the public choice award.
RAF Barnham
RAF Barnham (also called Barnham Camp) is a Royal Air Force station  situated in the English county of Suffolk 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the Norfolk town of Thetford. It is located to the north of the village of Barnham on Thetford Heaths. The camp is a satellite station of RAF Honington.

During the 1950s and 60s a part of RAF Barnham was set aside as high-security storage facility for nuclear weapons. This area of the site is now a scheduled monument. Earlier than that, Barnham had been used as a chemical weapons store and filling station from 22 August 1939. In 1966, the nuclear weapons storage facility was put up for sale, and now forms the privately owned Gorse Industrial Estate. The chemical weapon store and former chemical weapon filling station are situated at Little Heath, Barnham down the dead-end Station Road.

RAF Honington
Royal Air Force Honington or more simply RAF Honington (IATA: BEQ, ICAO: EGXH) is a Royal Air Force station located 6 mi (9.7 km) south of Thetford near Ixworth in Suffolk, England. It was used as a bomber station during the Second World War and through the Cold War, hosting Handley Page Victors and Hawker Siddeley (Blackburn) Buccaneers. RAF Honington has been the RAF Regiment depot since 1994.
Battle of San Roque
The Battle of San Roque was part of the Argentine Civil War. It was fought on the Primero River, near the city of Córdoba, Argentina, on 22 April 1829. The Federalist forces of Córdoba Province governor Juan Bautista Bustos were defeated by the Unitarian forces of General José María Paz. As a result of his victory, Paz assumed the office of provincial Governor.

Federalist Party (Argentina)
The Federalist Party (Spanish: Partido Federal) was the nineteenth century Argentine political party that supported federalism.  It opposed the Unitarian Party that claimed a centralised government of Buenos Aires Province, with no participation of the other provinces of the custom taxes benefits of the Buenos Aires port. The federales supported the autonomy of the provincial governments and the distribution of external commerce taxes among the provinces.

The federalists advocated a form of political organization that would ensure coexistence between autonomous provinces and a central government with limited powers. They took as a model the federalism of the United States.

The view on the most prominent historical leader of the movement is controversial. Juan Manuel de Rosas is considered by his detractors as a "dictator". Among the various possible ways of characterizing him, his supporters call him a "man of order."
Aalen–Ulm railway
The Aalen–Ulm railway, also called the Brenzbahn (Brenz Railway}) or the Brenztalbahn (Brenz Valley Railway), is a single-tracked, non-electrified main line from Aalen to Ulm in southern Germany. It is 72.5 km (45.0 mi) long and, for 27 km (16.8 mi), follows the Brenz River that gives it its name.

Fils Valley Railway
The Fils Valley Railway (German: Filstalbahn [ˈfɪlstaːlˌbaːn], historically Filsbahn or Württembergische Ostbahn—Württemberg Eastern Railway) designates the Württemberg line from Stuttgart via Göppingen to Ulm.  It runs from Plochingen to Geislingen an der Steige through the Fils Valley.
Padmadurg
Padmadurg, also known as Kasa fort, is one of five historical sea forts built by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and located in Raigad District Maharashtra, India. It was built by Shivaji Maharaj to keep look over Janjira fort, as it was attempted many times by the Portuguese and other invaders from Janjira, which was controlled by the Siddis. It also served as a key shipbuilding yard during Shivaji's reign. Now partly in ruins, Padmadurg remains accessible via special permission and is protected under the Archaeological Survey of India, with ongoing efforts to conserve its unique maritime heritage.

Archaeological Survey of India
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is an Indian government agency that is responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural historical monuments in the country. It was founded in 1861 by Alexander Cunningham during the British Raj who also became its first Director-General.
Sadashiv Amrapurkar
Sadashiv  Dattatray Amrapurkar (11 May 1950 – 3 November 2014) was an Indian actor, best known for his performances in Marathi and Hindi films from 1983 to 2013. He acted in more than 300 movies in Hindi, Marathi, and other regional languages. Amrapurkar played a negative role against Dharmendra in Anil Sharma's first successful film Hukumat in 1987.

He received the Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role in 1991 for Sadak — the first time the award was instituted. In 1993, he won the Filmfare Award for best actor in a villainous role, when the award was instituted. In 1993, Amrapurkar also played a comic hero, Inspector Pyare Mohan, in Aankhen. In addition to negative roles, he played supporting roles and later, comic roles.

Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role
The Filmfare Best Villain Award is given by Filmfare as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to recognise an actor who had delivered an outstanding performance in a negative role.

Although the awards started in 1954, this category was first introduced in 1992 and has been marked as obsolete since 2007.
Rukn al-Din Mawdud
Rukn al-Dīn Mawdūd (r.1222–1232/33) was a ruler of the Hasankeyf/ Diyarbakır (Amid) branch of the Artuqids. He was a son of Nāṣir al-Dīn Maḥmūd. His reign is marked by his allegiance to the Ayyubids, the ruler of the Ayyubid Empire al-Kamil, and the regional Ayyubid overlord al-Ashraf Musa.

The Ayyubids attacked Rukn al-Dīn Mawdūd directly in 1231–1232 in his territories of Hisn Kayfa and Amid. Following the rule of Rukn al-Dīn Mawdūd, the territories of the Hasankeyf branch of the Artuqids were taken over by the Ayyubids. He was imprisoned in Damascus by Al-Kamil, but managed to flee to Hama upon the latter's death in 1238. He apparently died in Hama at the time of the Mongol invasion.

He commissioned the creation of The Book of Charlatans by Al-Jawbari.

Hasankeyf
Hasankeyf is a town located along the Tigris, in the Hasankeyf District, Batman Province, Turkey. It was declared a natural conservation area by Turkey in 1981.

Despite local and international objections, the city and its archaeological sites have been flooded as part of the Ilısu Dam project. By 1 April 2020, water levels reached an elevation of 498.2m, covering the whole town.

The town had a population of 4,329 in 2021.
Buan, Gwynedd
Buan is a community in the Welsh county of Gwynedd, located on the Llŷn Peninsula.  It includes the villages of Boduan and Rhydyclafdy, and has a population of 469, increasing to 484 at the 2011 Census. Other settlements include Ceidio, Llandudwen and Llanfihangel Bachellaeth.

Boduan
Boduan is a village in Gwynedd, Wales, about 4 miles from Pwllheli. It is in the historic county of Caernarfonshire. It was due to host the National Eisteddfod in 2021 but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, instead it hosted the 2023 edition.

Garn Boduan, a hillfort built soon after Roman occupation, is located in the village. Plas Boduan is an 18th-century Grade II listed house, set in a park dating from the 19th century which is designated Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.
Complement graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the complement or inverse of a graph G is a graph H on the same vertices such that two distinct vertices are adjacent in H if and only if they are not adjacent in G. That is, to generate the complement of a graph, one fills in all the missing edges required to form a complete graph, and removes all the edges that were previously there.

The complement of the graph is not the set complement of the graph: only the edges are complemented.

Complement (set theory)
In set theory, the complement of a set A, often denoted by  (or A′), is the set of elements not in A.

When all elements in the universe, i.e. all elements under consideration, are considered to be members of a given set U, the absolute complement of A is the set of elements in U that are not in A.

The relative complement of A with respect to a set B, also termed the set difference of B and A, written  is the set of elements in B that are not in A.
Multivariate kernel density estimation
Kernel density estimation is a nonparametric technique for  density estimation i.e., estimation of probability density functions, which is one of the fundamental questions in statistics. It can be viewed as a generalisation of histogram density estimation with improved statistical properties. Apart from histograms, other types of density estimators include parametric, spline, wavelet and Fourier series. Kernel density estimators were first introduced in the scientific literature for univariate data in the 1950s and 1960s and subsequently have been widely adopted. It was soon recognised that analogous estimators for multivariate data would be an important addition to multivariate statistics. Based on research carried out in the 1990s and 2000s, multivariate kernel density estimation has reached a level of maturity comparable to its univariate counterparts.

Variable kernel density estimation
In statistics, adaptive or "variable-bandwidth" kernel density estimation is a form of kernel density estimation in which the size of the kernels used in the estimate are varied
depending upon either the location of the samples or the location of the test point.
It is a particularly effective technique when the sample space is multi-dimensional.
Moto Racer DS
Moto Racer DS is an arcade style motorcycle racing game developed by French company Artefacts Studio and published by SouthPeak Games for the Nintendo DS. It is the first game to be released in the Moto Racer series since 2002.

The game features a number of different modes, but a large portion of the game centers on the "Moto GP" mode, in which the player competes against the AI in a number of different races on a variety of terrain.

Game mechanics
In tabletop games and video games, game mechanics define how a game works for players. Game mechanics are the rules or ludemes that govern and guide player actions, as well as the game's response to them. A rule is an instruction on how to play, while a ludeme is an element of play, such as the L-shaped move of the knight in chess. The interplay of various mechanics determines the game's complexity and how the players interact with the game. All games use game mechanics; however, different theories disagree about their degree of importance to a game. The process and study of game design includes efforts to develop game mechanics that engage players.

Common examples of game mechanics include turn-taking, movement of tokens, set collection, bidding, capture, and spell slots.
R71 (South Africa)
The R71 is a provincial route in Limpopo, South Africa that connects Polokwane with the Kruger National Park via Tzaneen and Phalaborwa.

The R71 is used daily by people who work or reside in Dalmada, Mothiba, Nobody, Moria, Mankweng, Turfloop and Boyne. The road is well known to touring bikers who frequently visit the province from all parts of the country, because of the scenic route through Magoebaskloof.

University of Limpopo
The University of Limpopo (Afrikaans: Universiteit van Limpopo) is a public university in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. It was formed on 1 January 2005, by merger of the University of the North and the Medical University of South Africa (MEDUNSA). These previous institutions formed the Turfloop and MEDUNSA campuses of the university, respectively. In 2015 the MEDUNSA campus split and became the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University.
Lower Similkameen Indian Band
The Lower Similkameen Indian Band or Lower Smelqmix (Okanagan: N̓iʔxʷín̓aʔ), is a First Nations band government in the Canadian province of British Columbia.  Their office was in the village of Keremeos in the Similkameen region, until 2015 when they moved into their own $7million multi-purpose facility south of Cawston.  They are a member of the Okanagan Nation Alliance.

Keremeos
Keremeos (/kɛrəˈmiːəs/) is a village in British Columbia, Canada. The name originated from the Similkameen dialect of the Okanagan language word "Keremeyeus" meaning "creek which cuts its way through the flats" referring to Keremeos Creek which flows down from the Upper Benchlands to the Similkameen River that flows past the village.
I Saved the World Today
"I Saved the World Today" is a song recorded by British pop music duo Eurythmics for their eighth studio album, Peace (1999). It was written and co-produced by band members Annie Lennox and David A. Stewart.

The song was released as the first single from the album and returned Eurythmics to the UK Singles Chart for the first time in nearly a decade, peaking at number 11. It peaked within the top 10 in several countries, including Finland, Greece, Hungary, and Italy. In the United States, the song was added to adult contemporary radio in January 2000.

Dave Stewart (Eurythmics)
David Allan Stewart (born 9 September 1952) is an English musician, songwriter and record producer, best known for Eurythmics, his successful professional partnership with Annie Lennox. He won Best British Producer at the 1986, 1987 and 1990 Brit Awards. Stewart (along with Lennox) was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2020 and the duo were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2022. Outside of Eurythmics, Stewart has written and produced songs for artists such as Ringo Starr, Stevie Nicks, Mick Jagger and Tom Petty.
Anzac Memorial Park, Townsville
Anzac Memorial Park is a heritage-listed memorial and park at The Strand, Townsville CBD, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was first built in 1912. It is also known as The Strand Park and Townsville War Memorial. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

City of Townsville
The City of Townsville is a local government area (LGA) located in North Queensland, Australia. It encompasses the city of Townsville, together with the surrounding rural areas. To the south are the communities of Alligator Creek, Woodstock and Reid River, and to the north are Northern Beaches and Paluma. Also included is Magnetic Island. In June 2018 the area had a population of 194,072, and is the 28th-largest LGA in Australia. Townsville is considered to be the unofficial capital of North Queensland.

In the 2021 census, the City of Townsville had a population of 192,768 people.
Baroda cricket team
The Baroda cricket team is a domestic cricket team based in the city of Vadodara, Gujarat. The home ground of the team is the Baroda Cricket Association Stadium. It is one of the three first-class cricket teams based in the Indian state of Gujarat (the other two being the Saurashtra cricket team and the Gujarat cricket team).

The team is run by the Baroda Cricket Association. It has been one of the most successful teams in the Ranji Trophy in the new millennium. Baroda were runners-up in the 2005/06 Ranji Trophy.

Baroda Cricket Association Stadium
The Baroda Cricket Association Stadium (BCA Stadium) or Kotambi Stadium, also known as the Vadodara International Cricket Stadium is an international cricket stadium in Vadodara, Gujarat, India. It opened on 22 December 2024 and organised a three match one day international series between the Indian and West Indies women's teams. The stadium is the home ground for Baroda Cricket Association in the domestic circle.

The ground hosted international cricket for the first time during West Indies women's tour of India in 2024. All three ODIs of the tour were played at this Stadium.
Tobin Anderson
Tobin Anderson (born December 1, 1971) is an American basketball coach who is currently the special assistant to the head coach of the South Florida Bulls men's basketball team. He was previously the head coach of the Fairleigh Dickinson Knights men's basketball team for the 2022–23 season, where he led them to be the second 16-seed to defeat a 1-seed in the NCAA tournament. He was also the head coach of the Iona Gaels men's basketball team from 2023 to 2025.

South Florida Bulls men's basketball
The South Florida Bulls men's basketball team represents the University of South Florida in NCAA Division I basketball competition, where they are currently a member of the American Conference. Bryan Hodgson is the head coach after Amir Abdur-Rahim died unexpectedly. The Bulls play their home games at the 10,500 seat Yuengling Center on USF's campus in Tampa, Florida. USF has won two conference championships and has reached the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament 3 times in their history (1990, 1992, and 2012), with their best finish coming in 2012 when they made the round of 32.
Luca Lechthaler
Luca Lechthaler (born 23 January 1986) is a retired Italian professional basketball player who now covers the role of Academy manager at Dolomiti Energia Trento of the Italian Lega Basket Serie A where he last played and concluded his career. He played as a center.

Aquila Basket Trento
Aquila Basket Trento, also known for sponsorship reasons as Dolomiti Energia Trento, is an Italian professional basketball club based in Trent, Trentino.

It was founded in 1995 as an amalgamation of two local clubs, going from the amateur divisions to the first division LBA in less than a decade. It plays in the LBA as of the 2024–25 season.