hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2022 Kentucky General Assembly
The 2022 Kentucky General Assembly was a meeting of the Kentucky General Assembly, composed of the Kentucky Senate and the Kentucky House of Representatives. It convened in Frankfort on January 4, 2022, and adjourned sine die on April 14, 2022. It was the third regular session of the legislature during the tenure of governor Andy Beshear. The legislature convened again in August 2022 for an extraordinary session.

Republicans maintained their majorities in both chambers following the 2020 elections for the senate and the house.

2020 Kentucky Senate election
The 2020 Kentucky Senate election was held on November 3, 2020. The Republican and Democratic primary elections were held on June 23. Half of the senate seats (all odd-numbered seats) were up for election. Republicans increased their majority in the chamber, gaining two seats.

A numbered map of the senate districts at the time can be viewed here.
U.S. Route 169 in Missouri
U.S. Route 169 (US 169) is a U.S. Highway that travels from Tulsa, Oklahoma to Virginia, Minnesota. In the state of Missouri, US 169 enters the state from Kansas overlapped with I-70 / US 24 / US 40 at Kansas City and exits the state into Iowa north of Irena.

U.S. Route 24
U.S. Route 24 or U.S. Highway 24 (US 24) is one of the original United States Numbered Highways of 1926 which runs east and west for most of its routing. It originally ran from Pontiac, Michigan, in the east to Kansas City, Missouri, in the west. Today, the highway's eastern terminus is in Independence Township, Michigan, at an intersection with Interstate 75 (I-75), and its western terminus is near Minturn, Colorado, at an intersection with I-70. The highway transitions from north–south to east–west signage at the Ohio–Michigan state line.
Dawson Devoy
Dawson Devoy (born 20 November 2001) is an Irish professional association football player who plays as a midfielder for League of Ireland Premier Division club Bohemians. He represented the Republic of Ireland U21 national team 7 times between 2021 and 2022.

Republic of Ireland national under-21 football team
The Republic of Ireland national under-21 football team is a representative team of Irish football players. It is governed by the Football Association of Ireland and represents them at Under-21 level against the national teams of other national associations. The team played its first match in 1978 and has competed in the UEFA European Under-21 Championship since 1988.
Doug Herzog
Doug Herzog (born July 16, 1959) is an American television executive. He was formerly the president of Viacom Music and Entertainment Group, he oversaw MTV, VH1, Logo TV, Comedy Central, Palladia, TV Land and Spike.  Herzog has been credited with evolving the MTV brand by steering the network away from music related programming.

Herzog is on the board of jurors for the Peabody Awards.

Logo TV
Logo TV (often shortened to Logo) is an American basic cable channel owned by Paramount Media Networks, a division of Paramount Skydance Corporation. Launched in 2005, Logo was originally dedicated to lifestyle and entertainment programming targeting LGBTQ+ audiences. It replaced VH1 MegaHits in the United States.

The channel's availability peaked at 53.2 million US households in September 2013, but its cable and satellite carriage has steadily declined thereafter, decreasing to 21.7 million households by December 2023.
Project Ploughshares
Project Ploughshares is a Canadian non-government organization which works to advance policies and actions to prevent war and armed violence and build peace located in the Centre for Peace Advancement at Conrad Grebel University College in Waterloo, Ontario.

Conrad Grebel University College
43°27′59″N 80°32′43″W﻿ / ﻿43.46639°N 80.54528°W﻿ / 43.46639; -80.54528

Conrad Grebel University College is a university college affiliated with the University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. It is affiliated with the Mennonite Church Canada.

The college is named after Conrad Grebel, a co-founder of the Swiss Brethren movement who is called the "Father of Anabaptists".
Uganda at the 1972 Summer Olympics
Uganda competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany which were held from 26 August to 11 September 1972. The nation's delegation consisted of 33 athletes: seventeen field hockey players, eight boxers and eight track and field athletes

John Akii-Bua's gold medal in the men's 400m hurdles was the first gold won by a Ugandan athlete at an Olympic Games. He also set a new world record in the final of the event. Boxer Leo Rwabwogo won a silver medal in the men's flyweight division, becoming the only Ugandan athlete to have won more than one Olympic medal.

Judith Ayaa set a new African record in the women's 400m while 16-year-old Rose Musani became the youngest Ugandan athlete ever to have competed at an Olympic Games, a record which stood until 1980. 41-year-old Elly Kitamireke of the field hockey team that competed at the event remains the oldest Ugandan athlete to have competed at an Olympic Games.

Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres hurdles
The men's 400 metres hurdles was an event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. The competition was held on 31 August - 2 September. There were 37 competitors from 25 nations. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by John Akii-Bua of Uganda, the nation's first medal in the event and first gold medal in any Olympic event. Ralph Mann returned the United States to the podium after a one-Games absence with his silver medal, while David Hemery added a bronze to his 1968 gold to become the fifth man (and first non-American) to earn multiple medals in the event while extending Great Britain's podium streak in the 400 metres hurdles to three Games.
USS Puget Sound (CVE-113)
USS Puget Sound was a Commencement Bay-class escort carrier of the United States Navy. The Commencement Bay class were built during World War II, and were an improvement over the earlier Sangamon class, which were converted from oil tankers. They were capable of carrying an air group of 33 planes and were armed with an anti-aircraft battery of  5 in (127 mm), 40 mm (1.6 in), and 20 mm (0.8 in) guns. The ships were capable of a top speed of 19 knots (35 km/h; 22 mph), and due to their origin as tankers, had extensive fuel storage.

Oerlikon 20 mm cannon
The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I.  It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II. Many versions of the cannon are still used.
Charles R. Stelck
Charles Richard Stelck, O.C., Ph.D., F.R.S.C., P.Geol. (May 20, 1917 – May 14, 2016) was a Canadian petroleum geologist, paleontologist, stratigrapher, and university professor. He is known for his pioneering work on unraveling the stratigraphy of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, and his inspired use of biostratigraphy as an exploration tool for finding petroleum and natural gas fields.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Die Stechardin
Die Stechardin is a one-act opera in four scenes by György Kurtág, set to a libretto in German by Christoph Hein. His second opera, it is a monodrama for one woman, portraying Maria Dorothea Stechard, Georg Christoph Lichtenberg's domestic help and beloved. Kúrtag worked on the composition from 2023 to 2025 and dedicated it to his wife, Márta Kurtag. It was published by Editio Musica Budapest, and premiered at the Müpa Budapest on 20 February 2026 as part of a festival for his centenary.

Márta Kurtág
Márta Kurtág (Hungarian: [kurtaːɡ]; née Kinsker; 1 October 1927 − 17 October 2019) was a Hungarian classical pianist and academic piano teacher. She was the wife of György Kurtág, with whom she performed for 60 years, including at international festivals. They often played from his collection Játékok, which they also recorded together.
Murder of William Robinson
The murder of William Robinson, an African-American immigrant to Canada and a Sunday school teacher, occurred in March 1868 on Salt Spring Island, British Columbia. A short investigation and trial convicted a local Chemainus Indigenous man named Tom (Tshuanahusset) for the murder. Later historians have questioned the validity of the verdict and the lack of evidence of Tshuanahusset's guilt.

Salt Spring Island
Salt Spring Island or Saltspring Island is one of the Gulf Islands in the Strait of Georgia between mainland British Columbia, Canada, and Vancouver Island.

The island was initially inhabited by various Salishan peoples before being settled by pioneers in 1859, at which time it was renamed Admiral Island. It was the first of the Gulf Islands to be settled and the first agricultural settlement on the islands in the Colony of Vancouver Island, as well as the first island in the region to permit settlers to acquire land through pre-emption. The island was retitled to its current name in 1910. It is named for the salt springs found in the northern part of the island.

Salt Spring Island is the largest, most populous, and the most frequently visited of the Southern Gulf Islands.
Wilson ratio
The Wilson ratio of a metal is the dimensionless ratio of the zero-temperature magnetic susceptibility to the coefficient of the linear temperature term in the electronic specific heat. The relative value of the Wilson ratio, compared to the Wilson ratio for the non-interacting Fermi gas, can provide insight into the types of interactions present.

Fermi gas
A Fermi gas is an idealized model, an ensemble of many non-interacting fermions. Fermions are particles that obey Fermi–Dirac statistics, like electrons, protons, and neutrons, and, in general, particles with half-integer spin. These statistics determine the energy distribution of fermions in a Fermi gas in thermal equilibrium, and is characterized by their number density, temperature, and the set of available energy states. The model is named after the Italian physicist Enrico Fermi.

This physical model is useful for certain systems with many fermions. Some key examples are the behaviour of charge carriers in a metal, nucleons in an atomic nucleus, neutrons in a neutron star, and electrons in a white dwarf.
Green Henry
Green Henry (German: Der grüne Heinrich) is a partially autobiographical novel by the Swiss author Gottfried Keller, first published in 1855, and extensively revised in 1879. Truth is freely mingled with fiction, and there is a generalizing purpose to exhibit the psychic disease that affected the whole generation of the transition from romanticism to realism in life and art. The work stands with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship and Adalbert Stifter's Der Nachsommer as one of the most important examples of Bildungsromane, novels of self-development.

Bildungsroman
In literary criticism, a Bildungsroman (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪldʊŋs.ʁoˌmaːn] ⓘ) is a literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth and change of the protagonist from childhood to adulthood (coming of age). The term comes from the German words Bildung ('formation' or 'education') and Roman ('novel').
Bruce Woodcock (computer games analyst)
Bruce Sterling Woodcock (born 1970) is an American computer and video games industry analyst, best known for his work on subscription tracking of massively multiplayer online games via his website MMOGCHART.COM.

Massively multiplayer online game
A massively multiplayer online (MMO) game, sometimes referred to as an MMOG, is an online video game with a large number of players to interact in the same online game world. MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although there are games that differ. These games can be found for most network-capable platforms, including the personal computer, video game console, or smartphones and other mobile devices.

MMOs can enable players to cooperate and compete with each other on a large scale, and sometimes to interact meaningfully with people around the world. They include a variety of gameplay types, representing many video game genres.
Pedro Leopoldo Carrera
Pedro Leopoldo Carrera  (19 June 1914 – 2 September 1963) was an Argentine carom billiards player and the first player to set a general average of 1,000 or more. Carrera was a five time carom billiards world champion. He won the straight rail world championship in 1950 and 1953, the 47.2 balkline world championship in 1951, and the Union Internationale des Fédérations des Amateurs de Billard (UIFAB) World Three-cushion Championship in 1952 and UIFAB pentathlon world cup in 1954. In 1980, more than 17 years after his death, Carrera was awarded the Premios Konex in platinum posthumously as the best billiard player in Argentine history and also with the "Diploma al Mérito".

UMB World Three-cushion Championship
The UMB World Three-cushion Championship is a professional carom billiards tournament in the discipline of three-cushion billiards, organized mostly annually by the Union Mondiale de Billard (UMB). Until 1953 it was organized by the UIFAB (Union Internationale des Federations d'Amateurs de Billard). During a dispute between the UMB and Billiards World Cup Association (BWA), the UMB decided not to organize the championship between 1988 and 1993. Instead the overall winner of the World Cup was announced as also the world champion.: p785

From 1928 to 1958 and from 1985 to 1987, matches were played as a single frame with a run to 50 points (or 60 points between 1960 and 1984). From 1994 to 2011 the tournament was played in a set-system, the winner achieving the best of five. Since 2012 it has been changed back to a single frame with the run to 40 points.
Njarðvík (women's basketball)
Njarðvík women's basketball, commonly known as Njarðvík, is the women's basketball department of Ungmennafélag Njarðvíkur, based in the town of Reykjanesbær in Iceland. It won the national championship and the basketball cup in 2012. As of the 2020–2021 season, the team plays in the second-tier 1. deild kvenna.

Úrvalsdeild kvenna (basketball)
Úrvalsdeild kvenna (English: Women's Premier League), known as Bónus deild kvenna for sponsorship reasons, is the highest basketball competition among women's clubs in Iceland. It is administered by the Icelandic Basketball Federation. It was founded in 1952 and, until 2007, it was known as 1. deild kvenna (English: Women's First division).

The league was known as the Subway deild kvenna from 2021 to 2024. In July 2024, supermarket chain Bónus became the primary sponsor.
Gunahar Zamindar Bari
The Gunahar Zamindar Bari (Bengali: গুনাহার জমিদার বাড়ি) was a zamindari estate based in the Bogra District of Bangladesh. The residential palace, popularly known as Saheb Bari (Bengali: সাহেব বাড়ী), was the erstwhile Zamindars of Gunahar in Dhupchanchia. The present building was constructed in 1941, and remains a tourist attraction.

Dhupchanchia Upazila
Dhupchanchia Upazila (Bengali: দুপচাঁচিয়া উপজেলা) is an upazila of Bogra District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Dhupchanchia Thana was established in 1880 and was converted into an upazila in 1983. It is named after its administrative center, the town of Dhupchanchia.
Debedeavon
Debedeavon (died 1657) was the chief ruler of the Accawmack people who lived on the Eastern Shore of Virginia upon the first arrival of English colonists in 1608. His title was recorded as "Ye Emperor of Ye Easterne Shore and King of Ye Great Nussawattocks," and he was also known familiarly as "the Laughing King". He also seems to be the same figure who was known variously in  English records as Esmy Shichans, Okiawampe and Johnson.

Opechancanough
Opechancanough (/oʊpəˈtʃænkənoʊ/ oh-pə-CHAN-kə-noh; b. 1554 – d. 1646) was a sachem (or paramount chief) of the Powhatan Confederacy in present-day Virginia from 1618 until his death. He had been a leader in the confederacy formed by his older brother Powhatan, from whom he inherited the paramountcy.

Opechancanough led the Powhatan in the second and third Anglo-Powhatan Wars, including the Indian massacre of 1622.

In 1646, the aged Opechancanough was captured by English colonists and taken to Jamestown, where he was killed by a settler assigned to guard him.
David Pajo
David Pajo (born June 25, 1968) is an American musician. He has played a wide variety of music, loosely fitting into several genres such as hardcore punk, math rock, post-rock, electronica, folk rock and indie pop. Though a multi-instrumentalist (including guitar, bass guitar, banjo and drums), he is best known for his guitar work, most notably with Slint.

Will Oldham
Joseph Will Oldham (born January 15, 1970) is an American singer-songwriter and actor. From 1993 to 1997, he performed and recorded in collaboration with dozens of other musicians under variations of Palace (Palace, Palace Brothers, Palace Songs, and Palace Music). After briefly publishing music under his own name, in 1998 he adopted Bonnie "Prince" Billy as the name for most of his work.
Nonparametric skew
In statistics and probability theory, the nonparametric skew is a statistic occasionally used with random variables that take real values. It is a measure of the skewness of a random variable's distribution—that is, the distribution's tendency to "lean" to one side or the other of the mean.  Its calculation does not require any knowledge of the form of the underlying distribution—hence the name nonparametric. It has some desirable properties: it is zero for any symmetric distribution; it is unaffected by a scale shift; and it reveals either left- or right-skewness equally well. In some statistical samples it has been shown to be less powerful than the usual measures of skewness in detecting departures of the population from normality.

Symmetric probability distribution
In statistics, a symmetric probability distribution is a probability distribution—an assignment of probabilities to possible occurrences—which is unchanged when its probability density function (for continuous probability distribution) or probability mass function (for discrete random variables) is reflected around a vertical line at some value of the random variable represented by the distribution. This vertical line is the line of symmetry of the distribution. Thus the probability of being any given distance on one side of the value about which symmetry occurs is the same as the probability of being the same distance on the other side of that value.
Noba
Noba is a term found in a number of historical sources discussing ancient and Medieval Nubia. Its exact meaning is uncertain, with ancient sources themselves seeming confused about the region south of Egypt. Most likely it refers to two separate groups: the Nuba, a people from southeast of Nubia, and a people later known as the Nobatae (Nubians), a group of unknown origin who invaded Nubia during the decline of Meroe, conquered the Kingdom of Kush, most likely founded the kingdoms of Nobatia and Makuria, and gave their name to Nubia itself as well as the Nubian languages. There are mentions of the "black" Noba and the "red " Noba in Axumite sources threatening the Axumite borders which prompts a response by the Axumites to attack Meroe.

Nobatia
Nobatia /noʊˈbeɪʃə/ or Nobadia (/noʊˈbeɪdiə/; Greek: Νοβαδία, Nobadia; Old Nubian: ⲙⲓⲅⲛ̅ Migin or ⲙⲓⲅⲓⲧⲛ︦ ⲅⲟⲩⲗ, Migitin Goul lit. "of Nobadia's land") was a late antique kingdom in Lower Nubia, modern day southern Egypt. Together with the two other Coptic-Nubian kingdoms, Makuria and Alodia, it succeeded the kingdom of Kush. After its establishment in around 400, Nobadia gradually expanded by defeating the Blemmyes in the north and incorporating the territory between the second and third Nile cataract in the south. In 543, it converted to Coptic Christianity. It would then be annexed by Makuria, under unknown circumstances, during the 7th century.
Wadi Naqat
Wadi Naqat (Arabic: وادي نقاط, romanized: Wādī Nqāṭ) is a valley or dry river, with intermittent flow, flowing almost exclusively during the rainy season, belonging to the river basin of the Wadi Bih, (subbasin of the Wadi Shah), northeast of the United Arab Emirates, in the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah.

It is a right tributary of Wadi Shah, and is formed mainly by the ravines and gullies that run across the western slopes of the southern end of the Jabal Ar Rahrah Ridge, from Jabal Naqat (900 m)

Subbasin
A subbasin or sub-basin is a structural geologic feature where a larger basin is divided into a series of smaller basins with intervening intrabasinal highs.

The term subbasin has common use in geologic literature, but has yet to be included in the API Glossary of Geology.
Thomas Hoccleve
Thomas Hoccleve or Occleve (1368/69–1426) was a key figure in 15th-century Middle English literature, significant for promoting Chaucer as "the father of English literature", and as a poet in his own right. His poetry, especially his longest work, the didactic work Regement of Princes, was extremely popular in the fifteenth century, but went largely ignored until the late twentieth century, when it was re-examined by scholars, particularly John Burrow. Today he is best known for his Series, which includes the earliest autobiographical description of mental illness in English, and for his extensive scribal activity. Three holographs of his poetry have survived, and he also copied literary manuscripts by other writers. As a clerk of the Office of the Privy Seal, he wrote hundreds of documents in French and Latin.

John Burrow (literary scholar)
John Anthony Burrow, FBA (3 August 1932 – 22 October 2017) was a British scholar of English literature. He was Winterstoke Professor of English at the University of Bristol from 1976 to 1998 and Dean of its Faculty of Arts from 1990 to 1993.

The only child of an accountant and a teacher, Burrow was born and raised in Loughton, Essex. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford in 1950 to read English. After lecturing at King's College, London and for various Oxford colleges, he was elected a fellow of Jesus College, Oxford in 1961. In 1976, he moved to the University of Bristol, where he remained until his retirement in 1998.

Burrow was married to the novelist Diana Wynne Jones.