hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CIH 6
CIH 6, also known as RES 2637C, is a pre-Islamic Arabian inscription from South Arabia. It dates back to the 5th century CE, and commemorates the completion of the construction of a house or palace by the Himyarite regent 'Abd-Kulal and his family. A scanned picture of the inscriptions were first provided by Johannes H. Mordtmann and Eugen Mittwoch in their work Sabäische Inschriften. Rathjens-v. Wissmannsche Südarabischen-Reise. This inscription is also written in the Sabaic language and shows an instance of monotheism in pre-Islamic Arabia.

'Abd-Kulal
'Abd-Kulāl al-Ḥimyarī (Arabic: عبد كلال الحميري), or simply 'Abdkulāl or 'Abd-kalal, was a governor of Himyar who lived in the 5th century CE. He was a convert to Nontrinitarianism, but kept his religious beliefs confidential. 'Abd-Kulal also held the power of regent rule temporarily during his time in office.
William Washington Browne
Rev. William Washington Browne (October 20, 1849 – December 21, 1897) was an African American fraternal society leader, temperance worker, and minister. He was the founder and head of the Grand United Order of True Reformers and the Grand Fountain of the United Order of True Reformers, a benevolent, temperance, and fraternal society for African Americans that was based in Richmond, Virginia.

Temperance movement in the United States
The temperance movement in the United States, which sought to curb the consumption of alcohol, had a large influence on American politics and American society in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, culminating in the prohibition of alcohol, through the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, from 1920 to 1933. Today, there are organizations that continue to promote the cause of temperance.
Pianoteq
Pianoteq is a software synthesizer that features real-time MIDI-control of digital physically modeled pianos and related instruments, including electric piano, harp, harpsichord, fortepiano, and various metallophones. It is usable as a stand-alone program for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, iOS, iPadOS  and Linux (including ARM architecture) platforms, or as a plug in for VSTi hosts and two VSTi counterpart for use with digital audio workstations.

Physical modelling synthesis
Physical modelling synthesis refers to sound synthesis methods in which the waveform of the sound to be generated is computed using a mathematical model, a set of equations and algorithms to simulate a physical source of sound, usually a musical instrument.
CPVL
Probable serine carboxypeptidase CPVL is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CPVL gene. The "CPVL" gene is expressed mainly in monocytes and macrophages, and it is located in the endoplasmatic reticulum and in the endosomal/lysosomal compartment. The distribution of CPVL suggests that the enzyme may be involved in antigen processing and the secretory pathway. Besides those macrophages-rich tissues, the heart and kidney also express high levels of CPVL mRNA.The enzyme is similar to the carboxypeptidases CATHA and SCPEP1, but no direct confirmation of the enzymatic activity was obtained so far.  The exact function of this protein, however, has not been determined.

Carboxypeptidase
A carboxypeptidase (EC number 3.4.16 - 3.4.18) is a protease enzyme that hydrolyzes (cleaves) a peptide bond at the carboxy-terminal (C-terminal) end of a protein or peptide. This is in contrast to an aminopeptidases, which cleave peptide bonds at the N-terminus of proteins. Humans, animals, bacteria and plants contain several types of carboxypeptidases that have diverse functions ranging from catabolism to protein maturation. At least two mechanisms have been discussed.
Vladimir Blotsky
Vladimir Blotsky (Russian: Владимир Николаевич Блоцкий; born 10 November 1977, Klin, Klinsky District, Moscow Oblast) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 7th and 8th State Dumas.

In 2001, Blotsky started working as a legal adviser at the legal company "Sovremennoye pravo". In 2005, he headed the legal department of the Management company "Flotoceanprodukt" LLC. Later he worked as the General Director of the management companies Murmansk Trawl Fleet PJSC " and Murmansk Provincial Fleet JSC. In 2016, he became the deputy of the 7th State Duma from the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast. In September 2021, he was re-elected to serve as deputy of the 8th State Duma. On 29 November 2023 he announced his intention to resign from the Duma, which was officially accepted on 4 December.

In 2021, Blotsky took 46th place in the Forbes ranking of the wealthiest civil servants in Russia.

8th State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 8th convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации восьмого созыва) is the current convocation of the lower house of Russian parliament.

The composition of the 8th State Duma was determined based on the results of the 2021 legislative election. Elections were held using a mixed system: 225 deputies were elected on party lists and 225 — in single-member constituencies. Of the 14 parties that participated in the elections, only 5 were able to overcome the 5% barrier. And for the first time since 1999, more than four parties were able to form their own factions. Three more parties and five independent candidates were able to win one seat each through single-mandate constituencies.

In accordance with the presidential decree, the first meeting of the 8th State Duma was held on 12 October 2021.
Bún kèn
Bún kèn (Khmer: ប៊៊ុនកែន, from Vietnamese: bún and Khmer: កែន, ken – 'dishes cooked with coconut milk'), also known as trumpet rice noodle soup, is a Vietnamese coconut-based noodle soup of Khmer Krom origin, a specialty dish of Phú Quốc.

The rice vermicelli at the base of the dish creates a chewy texture. Snakehead fish is usually used due to the brittle nature of its meat and lack of odor.

Rice vermicelli
Rice vermicelli is a thin form of rice noodle. It is sometimes referred to as "rice noodles" or "rice sticks", but should not be confused with cellophane noodles, a different Asian type of vermicelli made from mung bean starch or rice starch rather than rice grains themselves.
Unintentional discharge
An unintentional discharge is the event of a firearm discharging (firing) at a time not intended by the user. An unintended discharge may be produced by an incompatibility between firearm design and usage, such as the phenomenon of cooking off a round in a closed bolt machine gun, a mechanical malfunction as in the case of slamfire in an automatic weapon, or be user induced due to training issues or negligence. The phenomenon has also been defined in scientific literature as an activation of the trigger mechanism that results in an unplanned discharge that is outside of the firearm’s prescribed use, where "prescribed use" refers to departmental policies and laws related to the operation of firearms (O'Neill, 2018).

Cooking off
Cooking off (or thermally induced firing) is unfired weapon ammunition exploding prematurely due to heat in the surrounding environment. The term is used both for detonation of ammunition not loaded into a weapon, and unintended firing of a loaded weapon due to heating.

A fast cook-off is a cook-off caused by fire. A slow cook-off is caused by a sustained thermal event less intense than fire.

A cooked-off round may cause a sympathetic detonation of adjacent rounds. Insensitive munitions are designed to be less vulnerable to accidental firing induced by external heat.
2022 Gelora Bandung Lautan Api stampede
On 17 June 2022, two people died from being asphyxiated during a stampede at the gate of Gelora Bandung Lautan Api Stadium, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia while watching the 2022 President's Cup group stage match between Persib Bandung as host and Persebaya Surabaya.

Persebaya Surabaya
Persatuan Sepakbola Surabaya (lit. 'Football Association of Surabaya'), commonly known as Persebaya Surabaya or simply Persebaya (Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈpersɛbaja]), is an Indonesian professional football club based in Surabaya, East Java. The club currently plays in the Super League, the top flight of Indonesian football. Persebaya Surabaya is regarded as one of the most iconic and successful teams in the country, winning numerous Indonesian League titles and tournaments.
Ram Mandir, Bhubaneswar
Ram Mandir (Odia: ରାମ ମନ୍ଦିର) is a Hindu temple, located in Bhubaneswar, near Kharavel Nagar, Janpath, Odisha, India. Ram Mandir is one of the most famous temples of the ‘Temple City of India’ – Bhubaneswar. It houses beautiful images of Lord Rama, his consort Goddess Sita and his brother Lord Lakhshmana.

Lakshmana
Lakshmana (Sanskrit: लक्ष्मण, lit. 'the one endowed with auspicious signs', IAST: Lakṣmaṇa), also known as Laxmana, Lakhan, Saumitra, and Ramanuja, is the younger brother of Rama in the Hindu epic Ramayana. He is considered as an incarnation of Shesha, the lord of serpents. Lakshmana was married to Urmila, and is known for his loyalty and dedication towards Rama.

Lakshmana was born to King Dasharatha of Ayodhya and Queen Sumitra. Shatrughna, is his twin brother. He was married to Urmila, after his brother Rama married Sita in her swayamvara. Lakshmana devoted himself to Rama since childhood and accompanied him during his fourteen-year exile, serving him and Sita endlessly. He also played a pivotal role in the war and killed Meghanada. Lakshmana is worshipped in Hinduism, at various places in India, alongside Rama and Sita.
Vector addition system
A vector addition system (VAS) is one of several mathematical modeling languages for the description of distributed systems. Vector addition systems were introduced by Richard M. Karp and Raymond E. Miller in 1969, and generalized to vector addition systems with states (VASS) by John E. Hopcroft and Jean-Jacques Pansiot in 1979. Both VAS and VASS are equivalent in many ways to Petri nets introduced earlier by Carl Adam Petri.

John Hopcroft
John Edward Hopcroft (born October 7, 1939) is an American theoretical computer scientist. His textbooks on theory of computation (also known as the Cinderella book) and data structures are regarded as standards in their fields. He is a professor emeritus at Cornell University, co-director of the Center on Frontiers of Computing Studies at Peking University, the director of the John Hopcroft Center for Computer Science at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Hopcroft Center on Computer Science at Huazhong University of Science and Technology. He and Robert Tarjan won the 1986 ACM Turing Award.
Sam Fay
Sir Sam Fay TD (30 December 1856 – 30 May 1953), born in Hamble-le-Rice, Hampshire, England, was a career railwayman who joined the London and South Western Railway as a clerk in 1872 and rose to become the last General Manager of the Great Central Railway after a successful period in charge of the almost bankrupt Midland and South Western Junction Railway. He also played an important role during the First World War as part of the Railway Executive Committee.

Territorial Decoration
The Territorial Decoration (TD) was a military medal of the United Kingdom awarded for long service in the Territorial Force and its successor, the Territorial Army.

This award superseded the Volunteer Officer's Decoration when the Territorial Force was formed on 1 April 1908, following the enactment of the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907, (7 Edw.7, c.9) which was a large reorganisation of the old Volunteer Army and the remaining units of militia and Yeomanry.  However, the Militia were transferred to the Special Reserve rather than becoming part of the Territorial Force. Recipients of this award are entitled to use the letters "TD" after their name (post-nominal).
Email tracking
Email tracking or email tracker is a method for monitoring whether the email message is read by the intended recipient. Most tracking technologies use some form of digitally time-stamped record to reveal the exact time and date when an email is received or opened, as well as the IP address of the recipient.

Email tracking is useful when the sender wants to know whether the intended recipient actually received the email or clicked the links. However, due to the nature of the technology, email tracking cannot be considered an absolutely accurate indicator that a message was opened or read by the recipient.

Most email marketing software provides tracking features, sometimes in aggregate (e.g., click-through rate), and sometimes on an individual basis.

Click-through rate
Click-through rate (CTR) is the ratio of clicks on a specific link to the number of times a page, email, or advertisement is shown. It is commonly used to measure the success of an online advertising campaign for a particular website, as well as the effectiveness of email campaigns.

Click-through rates for ad campaigns vary tremendously. The first online display ad, shown for AT&T on the website HotWired in 1994, had a 44% click-through rate.  With time, the overall rate of user's clicks on webpage banner ads has decreased.
Assassination (1987 film)
Assassination is a 1987 American action thriller film directed by Peter Hunt and starring Charles Bronson, Jill Ireland, Charles Howerton, Jan Gan Boyd, Stephen Elliott, and Chris Alcaide. The plot is about a bodyguard who is assigned to protect the First Lady of the United States against an assassination plot.

United States Secret Service
The United States Secret Service (USSS or Secret Service) is a federal law enforcement agency under the United States Department of Homeland Security. It is tasked with conducting criminal investigations and providing protection to American political leaders, their families, and visiting heads of state or government.

The Secret Service was, until 2003, part of the United States Department of the Treasury, due to their initial mandate of combating counterfeiting of United States currency. The agency has protected United States presidents and presidential candidates since 1901.
Iverni
The Iverni (Ἰούερνοι, Iouernoi) were a people of early Ireland, first mentioned in Ptolemy's 2nd century Geography as living in the far south-west of the island. He also names a "city" called Ivernis (Ἰουερνίς, Iouernis) in their territory, and observes that this settlement has the same name as the island as a whole, Ivernia (Ἰουερνία, Iouernia). These Iverni are identified with the Érainn (Érnai, Érna), a people attested in Munster and elsewhere in the early Middle Ages. They included the Corcu Loígde, Corcu Duibne, Corcu Baiscind, Múscraige and Déisi, as well as the Dál Fiatach and Dál Riata. Their royal dynasties are sometimes referred to as the Dáirine.

Déisi
The Déisi were a social class in Ireland between the ancient and early medieval period. The various peoples listed under the heading déis shared a similar status in Gaelic Ireland, and had little or no actual kinship, though they were often thought of as genetically related. During the era of Roman rule in Britain, many members of the Déisi were recorded as settling in western British coastal areas (especially the areas known later as Wales, Cornwall and Devon).

During the early Middle Ages, some Déisi groups and subgroups exerted great political influence in various parts of Ireland. For instance, in Munster, a subgroup of Déisi constituted a regional kingdom, Déisi Muman which ruled modern day County Waterford and South Tipperary, and were part of the hegemony of the Eoganachta confederacy.
January 1991 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Wednesday, January 30, 1991, with an umbral magnitude of −0.1106. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring about 1.9 days after perigee (on January 28, 1991, at 8:35 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

This eclipse was the first of four lunar eclipses in 1991, with the others occurring on June 27 (penumbral), July 26 (penumbral), and December 21 (partial).

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Buddhist pilgrimage sites
The most important places in Buddhism are located in the Indo-Gangetic Plain of southern Nepal, northern and eastern India. This is the area where Gautama Buddha was born, lived, and taught, and the main sites connected to his life are now important places of pilgrimage for both Buddhists and Hindus. Many countries that are or were predominantly Buddhist have shrines and places which can be visited as a pilgrimage.

Indo-Gangetic Plain
The Indo-Gangetic Plain, also known as the North Indian Plain or the Indus-Gangetic Plain, is a fertile plain spanning 700,000 km2 (270,000 sq mi) across the northern and north-eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. It encompasses northern and eastern India, eastern Pakistan, southern Nepal, and almost all of Bangladesh. It is named after the two major river systems that drain the region–Indus and Ganges.

It stretches from the Himalayas in the north to the northern edge of the Deccan Plateau in the south, and extends from North East India in the east to the Iranian border in the west. The region is home to many major cities and nearly one-seventh of the world's population. As the region was formed by the deposits of the three major rivers–Indus, Ganges and Brahmaputra, the plains consist of the world's largest expanse of uninterrupted alluvium. Due to its rich water resources, it is one of the world's most densely populated and intensely farmed areas.
3rd Lancashire Artillery Volunteers
The 3rd Lancashire Artillery Volunteers was a unit of Britain's part-time Volunteer Force recruited from Blackburn and the surrounding area in 1860. It became a brigade of the Royal Field Artillery in the Territorial Force in 1908, and served through the First World War with the 42nd (East Lancashire) Division at Gallipoli, in Egypt and on the Western Front. Its second line unit also served on the Western Front in 1917–18. During the Second World War, its batteries operated in the light anti-aircraft role in Norway, France,  Greece, Crete, North Africa and Italy. It was reformed postwar, but disappeared in a merger in 1955.

Volunteer Force
The Volunteer Force was a citizen army of part-time rifle, artillery and engineer corps, created as a popular movement throughout the British Empire in 1859. Originally highly autonomous, the units of volunteers became increasingly integrated with the British Army after the Childers Reforms in 1881, before forming part of the Territorial Force in 1908. Most of the regiments of the present Army Reserves  Infantry, Artillery, Engineers and Signals units are directly descended from Volunteer Force units.
Du Hirte Israel, höre, BWV 104
Du Hirte Israel, höre (You Shepherd of Israel, hear), BWV 104, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach for the second Sunday after Easter. Bach composed the work as part of his first cantata cycle for Leipzig and first performed it on 23 April 1724.

The topic of the cantata, based on the prescribed reading from the Gospel of John, is Jesus as the Good Shepherd. The unknown librettist quoted and referred to related Biblical passages including the psalms. Bach structured the work in six movements and used pastoral music to illustrate the topic. The outer choral movements are an extended chorus, setting a verse from Psalm 80, and a four-part closing chorale of a hymn paraphrasing Psalm 23. Bach set the inner movements as alternating recitatives and arias. He scored the cantata for two vocal soloists, a four-part choir and a Baroque instrumental ensemble of a variety of oboes, strings and continuo.

Basso continuo
Basso continuo is a harmonic musical structure, almost universal in the Baroque era (1600–1750), that generally consisted of a bassline and a chord progression. The phrase is often shortened to continuo, and the instrumentalists playing the continuo part are called the continuo group.
Democracy in Venezuela
Democracy in Venezuela,  characterized by  direct elections, prevailed until the 1990s. From 1958, Venezuela was considered  a relatively stable democracy compared to other countries in Latin America, which were governed by military dictatorship.  By 1977, Venezuela was only one of three democracies in Latin America, along with Colombia and Costa Rica.  In 2008, it was ranked the least democratic nation in South America in The Economist Democracy Index, and by 2022 it ranked 147th out of 167 countries, with a rating of an authoritarian regime.

Direct election
Direct election is a system of choosing political officeholders in which the voters directly cast ballots for the persons or political party that they want to see elected. The method by which the winner or winners of a direct election are chosen depends upon the electoral system used. The most commonly used systems are the plurality system and the two-round system for single-winner elections, such as a presidential election, and plurality block voting and proportional representation for the election of a legislature or executive.

By contrast, in an indirect election, the voters elect a body which in turn elects the officeholder in question. In other settings, politicians and office holders are appointed.

In a double direct election, the elected representative serves on two councils, typically a lower-tier council of a municipality and an upper-tier council of a regional district or municipality.
CS Gilortul Târgu Cărbunești
Clubul Sportiv Gilortul Târgu Cărbunești, commonly known as Gilortul Târgu Cărbunești, is a Romanian professional football club from Târgu Cărbunești, Gorj County, currently competes in the Liga III, the 3rd tier of the Romanian football.

Liga III
The Liga 3, most often spelled as Liga III, is the third level of the Romanian football league system. It was founded in 1936 and was called Divizia C until 2006. An exception was the seasons 1992–93 to 1996–97, in which the league was called Divizia B. Its name was changed from Divizia C to Liga III before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Stearman XOSS
The Stearman XOSS was an American biplane observation floatplane developed by Stearman Aircraft for the United States Navy during the late 1930s. Intended to replace the Curtiss SOC Seagull in service aboard battleships, it proved inferior to the Vought OS2U Kingfisher in a fly-off, and did not enter production.

Stearman Aircraft
Stearman Aircraft Corporation was an aircraft manufacturer in Wichita, Kansas. Although the company designed a range of other aircraft, it is most known for producing the Model 75, which is commonly known simply as the "Stearman" or "Boeing Stearman".