hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chiodecton complexum
Chiodecton complexum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. Described from Brazil in 2014, this lichen has since been found across multiple Brazilian states from the Amazon to the Atlantic coast, as well as in Panama. The species forms a greenish-gray crusty growth on tree bark and produces both powdery patches called soredia for asexual reproduction and immersed fruiting structures arranged in branched lines for sexual reproduction. It can be found growing on smooth bark in lowland rainforests, including both native trees in primary forest and cultivated rubber trees in plantation settings.

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.
Theseus1
Theseus1 (THE1) is a transmembrane receptor-like kinase (RLK) that is found in plant cells.  It was originally discovered in Arabidopsis thaliana as part of a family of 17 related proteins, commonly referred to as the Theseus1/Feronia family or the CrRLK family.  So far, THE1 and 5 other members in the same family of RLKs have been found to play key roles in cell elongation during vegetative growth through interacting mostly with the cell wall. Though the exact mechanism for this process is still unknown, it is thought to be very similar to, and even partially regulated by, the brassinosteroid pathway. In addition, Theseus1 has the ability to detect changes in cell wall integrity and could possibly even recognize pathogenic sequences. While the workings of THE1 and other members of the CrRLK family are understood on a general level, research of the specific interactions between them has yet to be published.

Brassinosteroid
Brassinosteroids (BRs or less commonly BS) are a class of polyhydroxysteroids that have been recognized as a sixth class of
plant hormones and may have utility as anticancer drugs for treating endocrine-responsive cancers by inducing apoptosis of cancer cells and inhibiting cancerous growth. These brassinosteroids were first explored during the 1970s when Mitchell et al. reported promotion in stem elongation and cell division by the treatment of organic extracts of rapeseed (Brassica napus) pollen. Brassinolide was the first brassinosteroid to be isolated in 1979, when  pollen from Brassica napus was shown to promote stem elongation and cell divisions, and the biologically active molecule was isolated. The yield of brassinosteroids from 230 kg of Brassica napus pollen was only 10 mg. Since their discovery, over 70 BR compounds have been isolated from plants.
Shingkhar Lam
Shingkhar Lam Kunzang Wangchuk (1928 – 16 October 2014) was a Bhutanese politician, who served as a speaker of the Gyelyong Tshogdu (national assembly of Bhutan). After his uncle went missing, he served two Druk Gyalpos (kings) of Bhutan. He created the insignia for the Royal Bhutan Army and rewrote the Druk Tsendhen (national anthem).

King of Bhutan
The King of Bhutan, officially the Druk Gyalpo (འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་པོ་; lit. 'Dragon King'), is the constitutional monarch and head of state of the Kingdom of Bhutan. In the Dzongkha language, Bhutan is known as Drukyul which translates as "The Land of the Thunder Dragon". Thus, while kings of Bhutan are known as Druk Gyalpo ("Dragon King"), the Bhutanese people call themselves the Drukpa, meaning "people of Druk (Bhutan)".

The current sovereign of Bhutan is Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, the fifth Druk Gyalpo. He wears the Raven Crown, which is the official crown worn by the kings of Bhutan. He is correctly styled "Mi'wang 'Ngada Rinpoche" ("His Majesty") and addressed "Ngada Rimboche" ("Your Majesty").

King Jigme Khesar was the youngest reigning monarch in the world, being 26 years old when he ascended the throne on 9 December 2006 after his father, Jigme Singye Wangchuck, abdicated the throne in his favour. He was 28 years old when he was crowned on 6 November 2008.
Drucilla Cornell
Drucilla Cornell (June 16, 1950 – December 12, 2022) was an American philosopher and legal theorist, whose work has been influential in political philosophy, ethics, deconstruction, critical theory, and feminism.

Cornell was an emerita Professor of Political Science, Comparative Literature and Women's & Gender Studies at Rutgers University, New Jersey; Professor Extraordinaire at the University of Pretoria, South Africa; and a visiting professor at Birkbeck College, University of London. She also taught for many years on the law faculties of the University of Pennsylvania and of Cardozo Law School of Yeshiva University.

Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law
The Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law is the law school of Yeshiva University in New York City. Founded in 1976 and now located on Fifth Avenue near Union Square in Lower Manhattan, the school is named for Supreme Court Justice Benjamin N. Cardozo. An LL.M. program was established in 1998. Cardozo is nondenominational and has a secular curriculum, in contrast to some of Yeshiva University's undergraduate programs. Around 320 students begin the J.D. program per year, of whom about 57% are women. In addition, there are about 60–70 LL.M. students each year.
TransAsia Airways Flight 235
TransAsia Airways Flight 235 was a domestic flight from Taipei to Kinmen, Taiwan.  On 4 February 2015, the aircraft serving the flight, a 10-month-old ATR 72-600, crashed into the Keelung River around 5 km (3.1 mi; 2.7 nmi) from Taipei Songshan Airport, from where the aircraft had just departed. On board were 58 people, 15 of whom survived with injuries.

Two minutes after takeoff, the pilots reported an engine failure. After climbing to a height of 1,630 ft (500 m), the other engine, still operating normally, was mistakenly shut down. The aircraft lost altitude, banked sharply to the left and clipped a taxi traveling west on the Huandong Viaduct (causing injuries to two more persons), then the viaduct itself, before crashing into the river below.

Flight 235 was the second fatal accident involving a TransAsia Airways ATR aircraft within seven months; Flight 222 had crashed on 23 July 2014, also with 58 people on board. On that flight, 48 people had died.

Flameout
In aviation, a flameout (or flame-out) is the run-down of a jet engine or other turbine engine due to the extinguishment of the flame in its combustor. The loss of flame can have a variety of causes, such as fuel starvation, excessive altitude, compressor stall, foreign object damage deriving from birds, hail, or volcanic ash, severe precipitation, mechanical failure, or very low ambient temperatures.
Bażanowice
Bażanowice (baʐanɔvit͡sɛ) is a village in Gmina Goleszów, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, close to the border with the Czech Republic. It lies in the Silesian Foothills in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia.

The name is patronymic in origin derived from personal name Bażan.

Cieszyn Silesia
Cieszyn Silesia, Těšín Silesia or Teschen Silesia (Polish: Śląsk Cieszyński [ˈɕlɔ̃sk tɕɛˈʂɨj̃skʲi] ⓘ; Czech: Těšínské Slezsko [ˈcɛʃiːnskɛː ˈslɛsko] ⓘ or Těšínsko [ˈcɛʃiːnsko] ⓘ; German: Teschener Schlesien or Olsagebiet) is a historical region in south-eastern Silesia, centered on the towns of Cieszyn and Český Těšín and bisected by the Olza River. Since 1920 it has been divided between Poland and Czechoslovakia, and later the Czech Republic. It covers an area of about 2,280 square kilometres (880 sq mi) and has about 810,000 inhabitants, of which 1,002 square kilometres (387 sq mi) (44%) is in Poland, while 1,280 square kilometres (494 sq mi) (56%) is in the Czech Republic.

The historical boundaries of the region are roughly the same as those of the former independent Duchy of Cieszyn. Currently, over half of Cieszyn Silesia forms one of the euroregions, the Cieszyn Silesia Euroregion, with the rest of it belonging to Euroregion Beskydy.
CAHP Jayawardena
Brigadier Christopher Allan Hector Perera Jayawardena CMG CVO CStJ OBE ED (29 March 1898 – 6 January 1986) was a Ceylonese forest conservator and military officer. He was a Senior Assistant Conservator of Forests, Equerry to Queen Elizabeth II, Aide-de-camp to the Governor-General and Chief Commissioner of the Sri Lanka Scout Association.

Efficiency Decoration
The Efficiency Decoration, post-nominal letters TD for recipients serving in the Territorial Army of the United Kingdom or ED for those serving in the Auxiliary Military Forces, was instituted in 1930 for award to part-time officers after twenty years of service as an efficient and thoroughly capable officer. The decoration superseded the Volunteer Officers' Decoration, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration and the Territorial Decoration.

In the British Commonwealth, the decoration was gradually superseded by national decorations in some member countries, in Canada by the  Canadian Forces' Decoration in 1951, in the Union of South Africa by the John Chard Decoration in 1952 and in Australia by the Reserve Force Decoration in 1982. In the United Kingdom, the decoration was superseded by the Volunteer Reserves Service Medal in 1999. New Zealand continues to award the Efficiency Decoration (New Zealand) and is one of a few countries still to do so.
Mister RNB España 2023
Mister RNB España 2023 was the 3rd Mister RNB España pageant. The competition was held on October 22, 2023, at the Alannia Salou Hotel in Salou, Tarragona. Iván Álvarez of Pontevedra, Borxa Ramo of Teruel, Jesús Miguel of Alicante and Pablo Estrada of Soria crowned their successors at the end of the event. The winners represented Spain at the Mister Supranational 2024, Mister International 2024, Mister Global 2023 and Caballero Universal 2024.

Salou
Salou (Catalan pronunciation: [səˈlɔw]) is a resort town and municipality of the comarca of Tarragonès, in the province of Tarragona, in Catalonia, Spain. It has a population of 30,810 (register office, 2024) . The city is approximately 10 km from Tarragona and Reus on the Costa Daurada and 112 km from Barcelona.

Founded by the Greeks in the 6th century B.C., the coastal town was a notable commercial port during medieval and modern ages. Throughout the 20th century, Salou became an important European tourist attraction.

Aside from its string of beaches interrupted by rocky coves, and its landscaped promenade, one of its main attractions is the PortAventura World resort. The Dutch movie Costa! and the television series with the same title were both filmed in Salou.
George Gavan Duffy
George Gavan Duffy (21 October 1882 – 10 June 1951) was an Irish politician, barrister and judge who served as president of the High Court from 1946 to 1951, a judge of the High Court from 1936 to 1951 and Minister for Foreign Affairs from January 1922 to July 1922. He served as a Teachta Dála
(TD) for the Dublin County constituency from 1921 to 1923. He served as a Member of Parliament (MP) for the Dublin South constituency from 1918 to 1921.

Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade
The Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade (Irish: An tAire Gnóthaí Eachtracha agus Trádála) is a senior minister in the Government of Ireland and leads the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

The Minister's office is located at Iveagh House, on St Stephen's Green in Dublin; "Iveagh House" is often used as a metonym for the department as a whole. From 1922 until 1971, the title of the office was Minister for External Affairs.

The office holder since November 2025 is Helen McEntee, TD. She is also Minister for Defence.

She is assisted by:

Thomas Byrne, TD – Minister of State for European Affairs

Neale Richmond, TD – Minister of State for International Development and Diaspora
2019 IMSA SportsCar Championship
The 2019 IMSA SportsCar Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2019 IMSA WeatherTech SportsCar Championship) was the 49th motor racing championship sanctioned by the International Motor Sports Association (IMSA) (which traces its lineage back to the 1971 IMSA GT Championship). It was the sixth season of the United SportsCar Championship and fourth to be held under the name as the IMSA SportsCar Championship. It began on January 26 with the 24 Hours of Daytona, and ended on October 12 with the Petit Le Mans. The 2019 season marked the 50th anniversary since the founding of the International Motor Sports Association.

IMSA
The International Motor Sports Association (IMSA) is a North American sports car racing sanctioning body based in Daytona Beach, Florida, under the jurisdiction of the ACCUS arm of the FIA. It was started by John Bishop, a former executive director of SCCA (Sports Car Club of America), and his wife Peggy in 1969 with help from Bill France Sr. of NASCAR. Beginning in 2014, IMSA is the sanctioning body of the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, the premier series resulting from the merger of Grand-Am Road Racing and the American Le Mans Series.  IMSA is owned by NASCAR Holdings, as a subsidiary company with a designated board of directors.
Kenny Wollesen
Kenny Wollesen (born 1966) is an American drummer and percussionist.

Wollesen has recorded and toured with Tom Waits, Sean Lennon, Ron Sexsmith, Bill Frisell, Norah Jones, John Lurie, Myra Melford, Steven Bernstein, and John Zorn. He is a founding member of the New Klezmer Trio and a member of the Sex Mob and Himalayas groups.

He grew up in Capitola, California, studying at Aptos High School, and spending many teenage years playing with Donny McCaslin. He spent quality classroom time with flugelhornist and arranger Ray Brown at Cabrillo College. He also arranges and studied vibraphone at Cabrillo.

Wollesen utilizes the Burton grip when playing vibraphone.

Sexmob
Sexmob (also styled Sex Mob) is an American jazz band based in New York City that formed as a Knitting Factory vehicle for Steven Bernstein to exercise his slide trumpet. Sexmob's sets feature a high proportion of covers, usually familiar pop songs, which are given a humorous but avant-garde treatment. Bernstein points out that this is a return to a fundamental jazz tradition to take a familiar song and then disassemble and reassemble it.

Sexmob was Laurie Anderson's band on her 2023-2024 Let X=X tour.
Pharmacy Council of Bangladesh
Pharmacy Council of Bangladesh (PCB)  is the organization established under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Bangladesh as a regulatory body for pharmacy education and profession. PCB training and registration is compulsory for people selling medicine.

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (Bangladesh)
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (Bengali: স্বাস্থ্য ও পরিবার কল্যাণ মন্ত্রণালয়; Sbāsthya ō paribār kalyāṇ Montronaloya) is a Bangladesh government ministry charged with health policy in Bangladesh. It is also responsible for all government programs relating to family planning in Bangladesh. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare contains two divisions: Health Services Division and Medical Education And Family Welfare Division.
Whitcliff Atkinson
Whitcliff Nathaniel Atkinson (born 17 September 1972) is a Bahamian cricketer. Atkinson is a right-handed batsman who bowls left-arm medium pace and played primarily as a wicketkeeper. Atkinson represented the Bahamas national cricket team.

Atkinson made his debut for the Bahamas in the 2002 ICC Americas Championship against the United States.

Atkinson made his Twenty20 debut for the Bahamas against the Cayman Islands in the 1st round of the 2006 Stanford 20/20.  He played his second and final Twenty20 match for the Bahamas in the 1st round of the 2008 Stanford 20/20 against Jamaica; in both matches he was dismissed for ducks.

Atkinson represented the Bahamas in the 2008 ICC World Cricket League Division Five and represented the Bahamas in the 2010 ICC Americas Championship Division 1.

In July 2019, he was named in the Bahamian squad for their tour of Bermuda.

ICC Americas Championship
The ICC Americas Championship is a one-day cricket tournament organised by ICC Americas for non-Test national cricket teams in the Americas affiliated with the International Cricket Council. As well as providing the opportunity for national teams to play international matches against teams of a similar standard, it also provides qualification into the ICC World Cricket League.

There are currently four divisions taking place biannually with promotion and relegation taking place between divisions. In 2010 Division One, for the first time, a Twenty20 tournament took place following the traditional 50 over competition.
Paul B. Rothman
Paul B. Rothman (born 1958) is the former Frances Watt Baker, M.D., and Lenox D. Baker Jr., M.D., Dean of the Medical Faculty, vice president for medicine at Johns Hopkins University, and former chief executive officer of Johns Hopkins Medicine. As dean and CEO,  Rothman oversaw both the School of Medicine and the Johns Hopkins Health System, which together encompass six hospitals, hundreds of faculty and community physicians and a self-funded health plan.

Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM) is the medical school of Johns Hopkins University, a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Established in 1893 following the construction of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Hopkins became a model for modern medical education. The school is recognized as a major center of biomedical research and is consistently ranked as one of the top medical schools in the United States.

The School of Medicine is located in Baltimore, where it shares a campus in East Baltimore with the School of Nursing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Johns Hopkins Hospital, the school's primary teaching hospital. As part of the larger Johns Hopkins Medicine health system, the school is also affiliated with numerous regional hospitals and medical centers including the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins Howard County Medical Center, Suburban Hospital in Montgomery County, Sibley Memorial Hospital in Washington, D.C.
Mycterosaurus
Mycterosaurus (Greek as mykter/mykteros meaning nose/snout, sauros meaning "lizard") is an extinct genus of amniotes belonging to the family Varanopidae. It is classified in the varanopid subfamily Mycterosaurinae. Mycterosaurus is the most primitive member of its family, existing from 290.1 to 272.5 MYA, known to Texas  and Oklahoma. It lacks some features that its advanced relatives have.

Mycterosaurus is a relatively small carnivore, estimated to be around 60 cm (23 inches) long with synonyms of Eumatthevia bolli, and possibly Basicranodon fortsillensis. Restored, Mycterosaurus appears spindly and grotesque in contrast to the majority of "pelycosaurs" in its proportions and especially unlike edaphosaurids, which are commonly stocky in build.

The number of valid Mycterosaurus species have varied over the years, with a total of two classifications of Mycterosaurus longiceps and Mycterosaurus smithae.  However, recent analysis has led to a re-description of Mycterosaurus smithae.

Carnivore
A carnivore /ˈkɑːrnɪvɔːr/, or meat-eater (Latin, caro, genitive carnis, meaning meat or flesh and vorare meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose nutrition and energy requirements are met by consumption of animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) as food, whether through predation or scavenging.
Tucker Viemeister
Tucker L. Viemeister (born August 14, 1948) is an American industrial designer, and founder of Viemeister Industries in New York. Tucker helped found many important design businesses: Smart Design, frog design's New York studio, Razorfish's physical design group, Springtime-USA, and was chief of the lab at the Rockwell Group.

While at Smart, he helped design the influential and award-winning Oxo "Good Grips" kitchen tools. He holds 32 US utility patents. His work is represented in the permanent collections of the Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, New York; the Museum of Modern Art, New York; the Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco; and the Staatliches Museum, Berlin, Germany. Vice President of the Architectural League of New York, Viemeister is also a Fellow of the Industrial Designers Society of America. His numerous awards include 11 selections in the Annual Design Review of ID Magazine, and the first Presidential Design Award in 1984.

David Rockwell
David Rockwell (born July 21, 1956) is an American architect and designer. He is the founder and president of Rockwell Group, a 250-person cross-disciplinary architecture and design practice based in New York City with satellite offices in Madrid and Los Angeles.
Senigallia massacre
The Senigallia massacre (Italian: La strage di Senigallia) was a series of executions perpetrated on the orders of Cesare Borgia as revenge for the Magione conspiracy, where powerful princes, most of whom were Borgia's former military allies and commanders, plotted to remove him from power to prevent him from gaining too much influence over Italy. Borgia, having misled his enemies into believing he was seeking reconciliation, lured Oliverotto Euffreducci, Vitellozzo Vitelli, Paolo and Francesco Orsini to a dinner in Senigallia (then Sinigaglia) on 31 December 1502 to discuss military matters. At a signal, Borgia's guards captured the four men, with Vitellozzo and Oliverotto being garroted that same night by Michelotto Corella. The Orsini brothers were killed a few weeks later on 18 January 1503. Niccolò Machiavelli, who was himself a physical witness to many of the events, chronicled the killings in his works The Description and Il Principe.

Orsini family
The House of Orsini is an Italian noble family that was one of the most influential princely families in medieval Italy and Renaissance Rome. Members of the Orsini family include five popes: Stephen II (752–757), Paul I (757–767), Celestine III (1191–1198), Nicholas III (1277–1280), and Benedict XIII (1724–1730). The family also included 34 cardinals, numerous condottieri, and other significant political and religious figures. The Orsini are part of the Black nobility who were Roman aristocratic families who supported the Popes in the governance of the Papal States.
Hum Sub Umeed Se Hain
Hum Sub Umeed Se Hain (Urdu: ہم سب امید سے ہیں, lit. 'We Are All Expecting') was a political satire show, which featured funny segments on Pakistani political issues.

Hosted by Saba Qamar, Fiza Ali and Mehwish Hayat, the show was divided into 3 versions. The first one was 'Midweek Version' hosted by Mehwish Hayat, the second was 'Extra Version' hosted by Fiza Ali and the third was 'Weekend Version' hosted by Saba Qamar. Earlier this show was also hosted by actress Veena Malik, Sara Chaudry, Hira Salman, Kiran Tabeer, Mathira and Arisha Razi.

This show started airing in July 2007. Due to its popularity, it aired till 2015 and was finished in 2015 due to ban on Geo Entertainment.

Hira Mani
Hira Salman (née Jamal; born 27 February 1989), known as Hira Mani (Urdu: حرا مانی), is a Pakistani television actress, singer, presenter, and former video jockey. She starred as the lead in several hit series, including Jab We Wed (2014), Preet Na Kariyo Koi (2015), Sun Yaara (2016) Yaqeen Ka Safar (2017), Thays (2018), Do Bol (2019), Ghalati (2020), Meray Paas Tum Ho (2019), Kashf (2020), Yun Tu Hai Pyar Bohut (2021) and Mein Hari Piya (2021).