hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Christopher Kostow
Christopher Kostow (born 1976) is the executive chef at The Restaurant at Meadowood in Napa Valley, California. Under chef-owner Kostow, The restaurant was awarded three stars by the Michelin Guide consecutively from 2011 to 2019. In 2013, Chef Kostow was awarded the James Beard Foundation Award for "Best Chef: West".

The Restaurant at Meadowood
The Restaurant at Meadowood was a Michelin Guide 3-star restaurant at the Meadowood Napa Valley resort in Napa Valley, California which specialized in local, sustainable California cuisine. The restaurant applied a "slightly more modern approach" with the use of emulsifiers, gelling agents and stabilizers.

On September 28, 2020, The Restaurant at Meadowood was destroyed in the Glass Fire. In the immediate aftermath of the fire, the resort owners said they intend to ultimately rebuild the restaurant. Since the fire, the restaurant staff has been establishing temporary residencies and serving dinners at a few places around California and the United States, including the Ojai Valley Inn in Southern California.
Murder of Derk Wiersum
On the morning of 18 September 2019, Dutch lawyer Derk Wiersum was shot and killed near his home in Amsterdam. At the time of his death, Wiersum was a lawyer for state witness Nabil B. in the Marengo case against the so-called 'Mocro Maffia' led by Ridouan Taghi. The murder caused great shock in the world of lawyers; it was termed "an attack on the rule of law".

Ridouan Taghi
Ridouan Taghi (born 20 December 1977) is a Moroccan-Dutch criminal who became a prime suspect in at least ten murders related to organised crime, drug trafficking and leading a criminal organisation. On February 27, 2024, he was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment.

Until his late 2019 arrest in Dubai, Taghi was the most wanted criminal in the Netherlands with a record-breaking reward of €100,000. In 2022 he was held at Nieuw Vosseveld, a maximum security prison in Vught and the main suspect in the Marengo trial.
T-Model Ford
James Lewis Carter Ford (June 24, 1923 – July 16, 2013) was an American blues musician who performed under the name T-Model Ford. He began his musical career in his early seventies and continuously recorded for the Fat Possum record label before eventually moving to Alive Naturalsound Records. His musical style combined the rawness of Delta blues with Chicago and juke joint blues styles.

Alive Naturalsound Records
Alive Naturalsound Records (also known as Alive Records) is an independent record label formed in 1993 in Los Angeles, California by Patrick Boissel, specializing in garage rock, punk, psychedelic, and blues rock. It grew out of Boissel's association with the U.S. label Bomp! Records.
Charleston metropolitan area, West Virginia
The Charleston Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in West Virginia, anchored by the city of Charleston. It is the largest metropolitan area entirely within the state of West Virginia. The Huntington Metro Area adds to the Charleston–Huntington, WV-OH-KY CSA and spans three states (West Virginia, Kentucky, and Ohio), while the core county of the Charleston area, Kanawha County, is more populous than the West Virginia portion of the Huntington area.

Charleston is its largest and most populous city in the MSA. Cross Lanes is its most populous census-designated place. As of the 2000 census, the MSA had a population of 309,635 (though new standards set on February 28, 2013, placed the population at 240,000). Prior to the 2000 Census, the Charleston MSA consisted of only two counties – Kanawha and Putnam (the latter of which is now considered part of the Huntington metropolitan area).

Cross Lanes, West Virginia
Cross Lanes is a census-designated place (CDP) and suburb of Charleston in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,727 (down from 9,995 at the 2010 census).

An EF2 tornado struck and heavily damaged the north side of town on April 2, 2024.
Flexible Land Tenure System (Namibia)
The Flexible Land Tenure System (FLTS) is an innovative concept to provide affordable security of tenure to inhabitants in informal settlements in Namibia.

The basic idea of the Flexible Land Tenure System is to establish an interchangeable tenure registration system parallel and complementary to the current formal system of freehold tenure. The concept is derived from the need by the Government to create upgradeable alternative land tenure options to informal settlements, which complements the current formal system of freehold tenure.

The system was formally introduced through the Flexible Land Tenure Act, 2012 (Act No. 4 of 2012) and tasks the Namibian Ministry of Land Reform with its implementation.

Land registration
Land registration is any of various systems by which matters concerning ownership, possession, or other rights in land are formally recorded (usually with a government agency or department) to provide evidence of title, facilitate transactions, and prevent unlawful disposal. The information recorded and the protection provided by land registration varies widely by jurisdiction.

In common law countries, particularly in jurisdictions in the Commonwealth of Nations, when replacing the deeds registration system, title registrations are broadly classified into two basic types: the Torrens title system and the English system, a modified version of the Torrens system.

Cadastral systems and land registration are both types of land recording and complement each other.
Nenhum de Nós
Nenhum de Nós (Portuguese for None of Us) is a Brazilian pop rock band formed in 1986 in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. The band primarily consists of former Engenheiros do Hawaii member Carlos Stein (guitar), Sady Hömrich (drums), Thedy Corrêa (lead vocals) and Veco Marques (guitar). One of the most famous Brazilian pop rock bands, they are well known for the song "Camila, Camila". Another member was João Vicenti (keyboards), who died on March 27, 2024.

Engenheiros do Hawaii
Engenheiros do Hawaii ("Engineers from Hawaii" in English) was a Brazilian rock band formed in Porto Alegre in 1983 that achieved great popularity with their ironic, critically charged songs with heavily semantic lyrics often relying on wordplays. The vocalist and bassist Humberto Gessinger was the only member present since the original lineup.
Jean-Pierre Barillet-Deschamps
Jean-Pierre Barillet-Deschamps (7 June 1824 at Saint-Antoine-du-Rocher – 12 September 1873 at Vichy) was a French horticulturist and landscape architect. He was the chief gardener of Paris during the reign of Emperor Napoleon III, and was responsible for planting the great gardens of the French Second Empire; the Bois de Boulogne, the Bois de Vincennes, Parc Montsouris, Parc des Buttes-Chaumont, the remaking of the Luxembourg Garden, and many smaller Parisian parks and gardens. He was also responsible for planting trees along the new boulevards of Paris. His landscape gardens, with their lakes, winding paths, sloping lawns, groves of exotic trees and flower beds, had a large influence on public parks throughout Europe and in the United States.

Jardin du Luxembourg
The Jardin du Luxembourg (French pronunciation: [ʒaʁdɛ̃ dy lyksɑ̃buʁ]), known in English as the Luxembourg Garden, colloquially referred to as the Jardin du Sénat (Senate Garden), is located in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France. The creation of the garden began in 1612 when Marie de' Medici, the widow of King Henry IV, constructed the Luxembourg Palace as her new residence. The garden today is owned by the French Senate, which meets in the palace. It covers 23 hectares (56.8 acres) and is known for its lawns, tree-lined promenades, tennis courts, flowerbeds, model sailboats on its octagonal Grand Bassin, as well as picturesque Medici Fountain, built in 1620. The name Luxembourg comes from the Latin Mons Lucotitius, the name of the hill where the garden is located, and locally the garden is informally called "le Luco".
All-Russian Hockey League B
The All-Russian Hockey League B or VHL-B (Russian: Первенство Всероссийской хоккейной лиги (ВХЛ-Б), Pervenstvo Vserossiyskoy hokkeynoy ligi), formerly known as Supreme Hockey League B (Russian: Первенство Высшей хоккейной лиги, Pervenstvo Vysshey hokkeynoy ligi) and Russian Hockey League (Russian: Российская хоккейная лига, Rossiyskaya hokkeynaya liga), was an ice hockey league in Russia. It stood at the third-tier of the Russian ice hockey pyramid, below the second-level VHL and the top-tier KHL. Its final season was 2022/23, and its four surviving teams (Dynamo-Altay, CSK VVS, HC Chelny and Kristall Saratov) joined the VHL.

Dynamo-Altay
Dynamo-Altay (Russian: Динамо-Алтай) is an ice hockey team in Barnaul, Russia. They play in the All-Russian Hockey League, the second level of ice hockey in Russia. The club was founded in 2006 under the name "Altay" and received its current name in 2019. They competed in Russia's third-tier leagues before joining the VHL in 2023. For their first two seasons in the VHL, they were a farm club of the KHL's Admiral Vladivostok. For the 2025/26 season, they signed a partnership with HC Sibir Novosibirsk.
Staatliche Münzen Baden-Württemberg
The Staatliche Münzen Baden-Württemberg (SMBW) is a coin mint in Germany, producing coins of the euro currency.

It was established in 1998 as the result of a merger between the Karlsruhe and Stuttgart mints. Nonwithstanding the merger, the two formerly separate mints have retained their respective mint marks: 'F' for Stuttgart and 'G' for Karlsruhe.

The SMBW has been chosen by the Latvian government to mint its euro coins, since Latvia joined the eurozone on 1 January 2014.

Mint (facility)
A mint is an industrial facility which manufactures coins that can be used as currency.

The history of mints correlates closely with the history of coins. In the beginning, hammered coinage or cast coinage were the chief means of coin minting, with resulting production runs numbering as little as the hundreds or thousands. In modern mints, coin dies are manufactured in large numbers and planchets are made into milled coins by the billions.

With the mass production of currency, the production cost is weighed when minting coins. For example, it costs the United States Mint much less than 25 cents to make a quarter (a 25 cent coin), and the difference in production cost and face value (called seigniorage) helps fund the minting body. Conversely, a U.S. penny ($0.01) cost $0.015 to make in 2016.
Action of 13 May 1942
The action of 13 May 1942 was a naval engagement during World War II between the British Royal Navy and the German Kriegsmarine. It was an attempt by Royal Navy Motor Torpedo Boats (MTBs) to stop the German auxiliary cruiser Stier from reaching Gironde, France. Stier made it through the English Channel and arrived in Gironde on 19 May, but MTBs sunk the German fleet torpedo boats Iltis and Seeadler.  MTB 220 was sunk by the German ships.

German torpedo boats of World War II
The German torpedo boats of World War II were armed principally, if not exclusively, with torpedoes and varied widely in size. They were not small schnellboote (known to the Allies as E-boats) but small seagoing vessels, the larger of which were comparable to destroyers.  During World War II, German torpedo boats were administratively grouped into several torpedo-boat flotillas.
Fencing World Cup
The Fencing World Cup is an international fencing competition held by the International Fencing Federation. In each weapon (Men's and Women's Épée, Sabre and Foil), three Grand Prix, five World Cup events and several satellite events are contested each season. The five top results as well as the Olympic Games or World Fencing Championships and zonal championships results are taken into account for each fencer's rankings. For teams, up to five World Cup events are held each year. The four top results as well as the Olympic Games or World Fencing Championships and zonal championships are taken into account for each country's rankings.

Fencing at the Summer Olympics
Fencing has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens. There are three forms of Olympic fencing:

Foil — a light thrusting weapon; the valid target is restricted to the torso; double touches are not allowed.

Épée — a heavy thrusting weapon; the valid target area covers the entire body; double touches are allowed.

Sabre — a light cutting and thrusting weapon; the valid target area includes almost everything above the waist (excluding the back of the head and the hands); double touches are not allowed.
Sarah Everhardt
Sarah Elizabeth Everhardt (born November 12, 2006) is an American figure skater. She is the 2025 Four Continents bronze medalist, a four-time Challenger Series medalist, 2025 U.S. national bronze medalist, and 2024 U.S. national pewter medalist.

2025 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships
The 2025 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships took place from February 19 to February 23, 2025, at the Mokdong Ice Rink in Seoul, South Korea. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance.

The competition was awarded to South Korea in January 2023 and was originally scheduled from February 4–9. In April 2024, it was rescheduled to February 18–23.
Tagaytay 'Tol Patriots
The Tagaytay 'Tol Patriots (stylized as Tagaytay 'TOL Patriots), formerly the Cavite 'Tol Patriots, are a Filipino women's professional basketball team based in Tagaytay, Cavite. The team competes in the Women's Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (WMPBL), and is named after its owner, Senator Francis Tolentino.

Women's Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League
The Women's Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (WMPBL) is a women's professional basketball league in the Philippines consisting of six teams. It serves as the women's counterpart of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL).

The league launched in November 2024 by boxing legend and former Senator Manny Pacquiao and is the fourth league to bear the Maharlika Pilipinas name. The WMPBL first began play as an amateur league in January 2025 with an invitational tournament. The league then turned pro in April, becoming the second women's basketball league in the country to do so, after the Women's National Basketball League. Its first pro season then began in June.
Main Street Bridge (Racine, Wisconsin)
The Main Street Bridge is a double-leafed bascule bridge in Racine, Wisconsin that carries Main Street over the Root River, connecting downtown Racine to the north side of the city, where it becomes North Main Street. The bridge is the last to cross the Root River before it enters Lake Michigan, and its two spans can be lifted to allow ships to enter the river. Along with the State Street Bridge, it is one of two bridges connecting these areas. The first Main Street bridge was built in 1838 and was destroyed in a flood in 1843. The next bridge at Main Street was not built until 1876. The bridge was replaced in 1907, 1928, and most recently in 1996, when the current structure was built.

Bascule bridge
A bascule bridge (also referred to as a drawbridge or a lifting bridge) is a moveable bridge with a counterweight that continuously balances a span, or leaf, throughout its upward swing to provide clearance for boat traffic. It may be single- or double-leafed.

The name comes from the French term for balance scale, which employs the same principle. Bascule bridges are the most common type of movable span because they open quickly and require relatively little energy to operate, while providing the possibility for unlimited vertical clearance for marine traffic.
Sirex noctilio
Sirex noctilio, known as the Midnight woodwasp, European woodwasp, European horntail woodwasp, or sirex woodwasp, is a species of woodwasp, native to Europe, Asia, and northern Africa. Adults vary in length from 9 to 36 mm (3⁄8 to 1+3⁄8 in).

This woodwasp is an invasive species in many parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, North America, South America, and South Africa, where it has become a significant economic pest of pine trees. The wasp can attack a wide variety of pine species, although some species seem to be more susceptible than others, and  stressed trees often are attacked.

During oviposition, the female wasp lays two eggs with or without a mucoid substance and a symbiotic fungus for the larvae to feed on once they hatch. The mucoid substance is toxic to trees and aids in tree decline.  The arthrospores from the symbiotic fungus, Amylostereum areolatum, are also pathogenic.

Oidium (spore)
An oidium (pl.: oidia) is an asexually produced fungal spore that (in contrast to conidia) is presumed not to constitute the main reproductive preoccupation of the fungus at that time.
The hypha breaks up into component cells/ small pieces and develop into spores. Oidia cannot survive in unfavourable conditions.
The Crests
The Crests are an American doo-wop group, formed by bass vocalist J.T. Carter in the mid 1950s. The group had several Top 40 hits in the late 1950s and early 1960s on Coed Records. Their most popular song, "16 Candles", rose to No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in February 1959 selling over one million copies and earning a gold disc status. The group's other hits include "Step By Step," "The Angels Listened In," "Trouble In Paradise," "Six Nights A Week," and "A Year Ago Tonight." The Crests were one of the earliest racially mixed doo wop groups, consisting of three African American members (one female), one Puerto Rican, named Harold Torres, and one Italian American.

Little Anthony and the Imperials
Little Anthony and the Imperials is an American rhythm and blues, doo-wop, and soul vocal group from New York City founded by Clarence Collins in the 1950s and named in part for its lead singer, Jerome Anthony "Little Anthony" Gourdine, who was noted for his high-pitched voice. In addition to Collins and Gourdine, the original Imperials included Ernest Wright, Gloster "Nate" Rogers, and Tracy Lord, the last two of whom were subsequently replaced by Sammy Strain.

The group was one of the very few doo-wop groups to enjoy sustained success on the R&B and pop charts throughout the 1960s. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on April 4, 2009, 23 years after the group's first year of eligibility for induction.
Newspaper and Mail Deliverers Union
The Newspaper and Mail Deliverers Union is an independent union for employees of newspapers based in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut.  In 2009, for the first time in its history, The union affiliated with another, choosing the International Brotherhood of Teamsters.  Union members deliver bulk newspapers for The New York Times, New York Post, New York Daily News, The Star-Ledger, El Diario, America Oggi, and The Wall Street Journal. They also deliver for Hudson County News Company (magazines) and Liberty News, Inc. (periodicals). It represents the National Distributors Alliance (NDA).

International Brotherhood of Teamsters
The International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT) is a labor union in the United States and Canada. Formed in 1903 by the merger of the Team Drivers International Union and the Teamsters National Union, the union now represents a diverse membership of blue- and white-collar workers in both the public and private sectors, totalling about 1.3 million members in 2015. The union was formerly called the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America.
Square matrix
In mathematics, a square matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns. An n-by-n matrix is known as a square matrix of order . Any two square matrices of the same order can be added and multiplied.

Square matrices are often used to represent simple linear transformations, such as shearing or rotation. For example, if  is a square matrix representing a rotation (rotation matrix) and  is a column vector describing the position of a point in space, the product  yields another column vector describing the position of that point after that rotation. If  is a row vector, the same transformation can be obtained using , where  is the transpose of .

Transpose
In linear algebra, transposition is an operation that flips a matrix over its diagonal; that is, transposition switches the row and column indices of the matrix A to produce another matrix, called the transpose of A and often denoted AT (among other notations).

The transpose of a matrix was introduced in 1858 by the British mathematician Arthur Cayley.
Canon de 100 mm Modèle 1891
The Canon de 100 mm Modèle 1891 was a French naval gun developed in the late 1800s that armed a variety of warships before World War I and during World War II.  In addition to its naval role it was also deployed as coastal artillery.

Naval artillery
Naval artillery is artillery mounted on a warship, originally used only for naval warfare and then subsequently used for more specialized roles in surface warfare such as naval gunfire support (NGFS) and anti-aircraft warfare (AAW) engagements. The term generally refers to powder-launched projectile-firing weapons and excludes self-propelled projectiles such  as torpedoes, rockets, and missiles and those simply dropped overboard such  as depth charges and naval mines.
Tanger Outlets Asheville
Tanger Outlets Asheville is a shopping mall located just off Andrew Jackson Highway (I-26/US 74) on Brevard Road (NC 191) in Asheville, North Carolina, United States.

Outlet stores include Ann Taylor Factory Store, Banana Republic Factory Store, Brooks Brothers Factory Store, Coach, Cole Haan, GAP Factory Store, J. Crew Factory, Nike Factory Store, RH Outlet, Tommy Hilfiger, Under Armour, and Vera Bradley. Field & Stream did have a store but has since closed when it was Asheville Outlets and is now a Sportsman's Warehouse.

The mall opened in 1989 as Biltmore Square Mall, featuring Hess's, Proffitt's, and Belk; when the original concept of the mall failed, it was demolished throughout 2014 and reconstructed in 2015 as an outlet mall. On November 13, 2023, it was acquired by Tanger, an open-air shopping mall administrator, for 70 million dollars.

Hess's
Hess's, originally known as Hess Brothers, was a department store chain based in Allentown, Pennsylvania. The company was founded as a single store in 1897, and grew to nearly 80 stores by its commercial peak in the late 1980s. The chains stores were closed or sold off in a series of deals in the early to mid-1990s.
Paulo Sérgio (footballer, born 1984)
Paulo Sérgio Moreira Gonçalves (born 24 January 1984), known as Paulo Sérgio, is a Portuguese former footballer who played as an attacking midfielder or right winger.

He amassed Primeira Liga totals of 162 matches and 13 goals over eight seasons, appearing in the competition for Académica, Belenenses, Estrela da Amadora, Aves, Olhanense, Vitória de Guimarães and Arouca. He also played professionally in Spain, Cyprus, Singapore and Indonesia, winning the Singapore Premier League with DPMM and repeating the feat in Liga 1 with Bhayangkara and Bali United.

Paulo Sérgio finished second at the 2003 European Under-19 Championship with Portugal, being the tournament's top scorer.

S.C. Olhanense
Sporting Clube Olhanense (Portuguese pronunciation: [sɨˈpɔɾtĩ ˈkluβɨ ɔʎɐˈnẽsɨ]), commonly known as Olhanense, is a Portuguese sports club from Olhão, Algarve.

Its football team was founded on 27 April 1912 and currently plays in the Algarve Football Association First Division, the fifth tier of Portuguese football. It holds home matches at the 5,661-spectator capacity Estádio José Arcanjo.

Olhanense won the Campeonato de Portugal (now Taça de Portugal) in 1924, their most prestigious honour in history. They most recently played in the Primeira Liga in 2014 and the second tier in 2017.