hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Energy Taxation Directive
The Energy Taxation Directive or ETD (2003/96/EC) is a European directive, which establishes the framework conditions of the European Union for the taxation of electricity, motor and aviation fuels and most heating fuels. The directive is part of European Union energy law; its core component is the setting of minimum tax rates for all Member States.

Directive (European Union)
A directive is a legal act of the European Union which requires member states to achieve particular goals without dictating how the member states achieve those goals. A directive's goals have to be made the goals of one or more new or changed national laws by the member states before this legislation applies to individuals residing in the member states. Directives normally leave member states with a certain amount of leeway as to the exact rules to be adopted. Directives can be adopted by means of a variety of legislative procedures depending on their subject matter.

The text of a draft directive (if subject to the co-decision process, as contentious matters usually are) is prepared by the Commission after consultation with its own and national experts. The draft is presented to the Parliament and the Council—composed of relevant ministers of member governments, initially for evaluation and comment and then subsequently for approval or rejection.
Brianiopsis
Brianiopsis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Xylographaceae. It comprises seven species of crustose lichens. The genus was established in 2022 to accommodate species previously classified in Rimularia and Lambiella that form a distinct evolutionary lineage based on DNA analysis. Species are characterised by thalli composed of rounded, strongly convex segments (areoles) that sometimes develop short stalks, and by the presence of stictic acid-related compounds rather than gyrophoric acid in their tissues.

Lambiella
Lambiella is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Xylographaceae. These lichens form tightly adhering crusts that range from pale grey to deep black and are characterized by distinctive black reproductive structures with raised rims that often become ridged or lobed. The genus was established in 1984 by the German lichenologist Hannes Hertel and is named in honour of the British polar explorer and lichenologist Elke Mackenzie, with molecular studies in the 2010s confirming its status as a distinct group.
Premier Manager (video game)
Premier Manager is a football management simulation video game for the Amiga, Atari ST, Acorn Archimedes, and MS-DOS. It was released in 1992 by Gremlin Interactive. A Mega Drive conversion was published in 1995. While the Amiga, Atari, and MS-DOS versions are similar, the Mega Drive version more closely resembles Premier Manager 2. The objective of the game is to manage a football club successfully within the top five divisions of the English league system. Premier Manager is the first game in the Premier Manager series.

Premier Manager 2
Premier Manager 2, also known as PM2, is a football management simulator video game for the Amiga, Atari ST, and DOS platforms. It was released in 1993 by Gremlin Interactive. The objective of the game is to manage a football club successfully within the top five divisions in the English football league system. It is preceded by Premier Manager and followed by Premier Manager 3.
2018 Arizona Senate election
The 2018 Arizona Senate election took place on November 6, 2018, with the primary election held on August 28, 2018. Arizona voters elected all 30 members of the Arizona Senate to serve two-year terms.

The election coincided with United States national elections and Arizona state elections, including U.S. Senate, U.S. House, Arizona governor and Arizona House.

Following the previous election in 2016, Republicans held a 17-to-13-seat majority over Democrats. Republicans maintained their unchanged 17-to-13 majority in 2018. The newly elected members served in the 54th Arizona State Legislature, during which Republican Karen Fann was elected President of the Arizona Senate.

2018 Arizona elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Arizona on November 6, 2018. All of Arizona's executive offices were up for election as well as a United States Senate seat and all of Arizona's nine seats in the United States House of Representatives. The Republican Party won the majority of statewide offices while the Democratic Party picked up three statewide offices.
Mixed connective tissue disease
Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a systemic autoimmune disease that shares characteristics with at least two other systemic autoimmune diseases, including systemic sclerosis (Ssc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), and rheumatoid arthritis. The idea behind the "mixed" disease is that this specific autoantibody is also present in other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis, scleroderma, etc. MCTD was characterized as an individual disease in 1972 by Sharp et al., and the term was introduced by Leroy in 1980.

Some experts consider MCTD to be the same as undifferentiated connective tissue disease, but other experts specifically reject this idea because undifferentiated connective tissue disease is not necessarily associated with serum antibodies directed against the U1-RNP. Furthermore, MCTD is associated with a more clearly defined set of signs and symptoms.

Polymyositis
Polymyositis (PM) is a type of chronic inflammation of the muscles (inflammatory myopathy) related to dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis. Its name is derived from  poly- 'many'  myos- 'muscle' and  -itis 'inflammation'. The inflammation of polymyositis is mainly found in the endomysial layer of skeletal muscle, whereas dermatomyositis is characterized primarily by inflammation of the perimysial layer of skeletal muscles.
Kevin Henkes
Kevin Henkes (/heɪnkɛs/ HENK-es; born November 27, 1960) is an American author of children's books. He is known for writing and illustrating picture books, the most notable of which feature young anthropomorphic mice as their main characters. Henkes also writes middle-grade fiction. As an illustrator, he won the Caldecott Medal for Kitten's First Full Moon (2004). Two of Henkes' books were Newbery Medal Honor Books, Olive's Ocean in 2004 and The Year of Billy Miller in 2014. His picture book Waiting was named both a 2016 Caldecott Honor Book and a Geisel Honor Book. It was only the second time any author has won that combination of awards.

In 2020, Henkes won the Children's Literature Legacy Award.

Children's Literature Legacy Award
The Children's Literature Legacy Award (formerly the Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal or Wilder Award) is a prize awarded by the Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC), a division of the American Library Association (ALA), to writers or illustrators of children's books published in the United States who have, over a period of years, made substantial and lasting contributions to children's literature. The bronze medal prize was originally named after its first winner, twentieth-century American author Laura Ingalls Wilder, before being renamed in 2018.

Originally, the Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal was awarded every five years, awarding six prizes between 1955 and 1980. From 1980 to 2001 it was awarded every three years, awarding seven prizes. From 2001 to 2015 it was awarded every two years. It is now awarded annually. The most recent author to receive the award was Carole Boston Weatherford in 2025.
Bouldering at the 2016 IFSC Climbing World Cup
The 2016 season of the IFSC Climbing World Cup was the 18th season of the competition. Bouldering competitions were held at the seven stops of the IFSC Climbing World Cup. The bouldering season began on April 15 at the World Cup in Meiringen, and concluded on 12 June at the World Cup in Munich. At each stop a qualifying was held on the first day of the competition, and the semi-final and final rounds were conducted on the second day of the competition. The winners were awarded trophies, the best three finishers received medals, and prize money was awarded to the top six finishers at each stop.

At the end of the season an overall ranking was determined based upon points, which athletes were awarded for finishing in the top 30 of each individual event. Shauna Coxsey won the overall women's World Cup and Tomoa Narasaki won the overall men's World Cup.

IFSC Climbing World Cup
The IFSC Climbing World Cup is a series of competition climbing events held during the year at various locations around the world, organized by the International Federation of Sport Climbing (IFSC). At each event, the athletes compete in three disciplines: lead, bouldering, and speed. The number of events varies from year to year, and the winners for each discipline are decided by the points accumulated in the year.

The first World Cup was held in 1989 and included only lead competition climbing events. Speed climbing was introduced in 1998, and bouldering in 1999. For 18 seasons, from 1989 to 2006, World Cups were held under the auspices of the International Council for Competition Climbing which was part of the UIAA; they were called UIAA Climbing World Cups. Since 2007, they have been held under the auspices of the IFSC.
Duncan Ridge Trail
The Duncan Ridge Trail is a hiking trail that has been designated as a National Recreation Trail in Georgia.  The trail is 35.5 miles (53.25 km.) long and traverses mountains, descends into valleys and features scenic viewpoints and waterfalls.  It is located in the Chattahoochee National Forest and is maintained by the U.S. Forest Service in the Brasstown and Toccoa Ranger Districts.

The Duncan Ridge Trail starts at an intersection with the Benton MacKaye Trail and the Appalachian Trail at Long Creek and crosses the Toccoa River on a 260-foot (79 m) swinging bridge.  The eastern end of the trail combines with the Coosa Backcountry Trail and ultimately ends in the Blood Mountain Wilderness, where it reconnects with the Appalachian Trail.  Long Creek Falls is a waterfall that is accessible from the Duncan Ridge Trail.

Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest
The Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest in northern Georgia comprises two United States National Forests, the Oconee National Forest in eastern Georgia and the Chattahoochee National Forest located in the North Georgia Mountains.  The Chattahoochee National Forest is composed of an eastern and western forest. The western forest contains Johns Mountain, Little Sand Mountain, and Taylor Ridge. The combined total area of the Chattahoochee–Oconee National Forest is 867,265 acres (3,510 km2), of which the Chattahoochee National Forest comprises 751,069 acres (3,039 km2) and the Oconee National Forest comprises 116,196 acres (470 km2).  The county with the largest portion of the eastern forest is Rabun County, Georgia, which has 148,684 acres (601.7 km2) within its boundaries.
Nut (food)
A nut is a fruit consisting of a hard or tough nutshell protecting a kernel which is usually edible. In general usage and in a culinary sense, many dry seeds are called nuts. In a botanical context, "nut" implies that the shell does not open to release the seed (indehiscent).

Most seeds come from fruits that naturally free themselves from the shell, but this is not the case in nuts such as hazelnuts, chestnuts, and acorns, which have hard shell walls and originate from a compound ovary. The general and original usage of the term is less restrictive, and many nuts (in the culinary sense), such as almonds, pistachios, and Brazil nuts, are not nuts in a botanical sense. Common usage of the term often refers to any hard-walled, edible kernel as a nut. Nuts are an energy-dense and nutrient-rich food source.

Hazelnut
The hazelnut is the fruit of the hazel tree and therefore includes any of the nuts deriving from species of the genus Corylus, especially the nuts of the species Corylus avellana. They are also known as cobnuts or filberts according to species.

Hazelnuts are used as a snack food, in baking and desserts, and in breakfast cereals such as muesli. In confectionery, they are used to make praline, and also used in combination with chocolate for chocolate truffles and products such as chocolate bars and hazelnut cocoa spreads such as Nutella. They are also used in Frangelico liqueur. Hazelnut oil, pressed from hazelnuts, is strongly flavored and high in monounsaturated fat. It is used as a cooking oil and as a salad or vegetable dressing.

In 2023, Turkey was the world's largest producer of hazelnuts, accounting for 57.7% of total production.
Franchise Group
Franchise Group, Inc. is an American privately held holding company that acquires and manages mainly franchise companies. Before its 2024 bankruptcy, it owned several brands in various retail industries including American Freight, Buddy's Home Furnishings, The Vitamin Shoppe, and Pet Supplies Plus.

On August 21, 2023, it was announced that a consortium of investors had acquired Franchise Group for $2.6 billion.

Pet Supplies Plus
Pet Supplies Plus (also styled Pet Supplies "Plus") is a privately held pet supply retailing corporation with a major presence in the United States. Founded in 1988 in Redford, Michigan, U.S., it has in-house pet foods such as Redford Naturals.

As of 2005, it was the third largest specialty pet food retailer in the US. The firm began adding franchise locations in the Midwest, expanding into the northeastern and southern states during the late 1990s. As of May 2023, Pet Supplies Plus store locations consisted of over 720 stores in 36 states.
Ohio State Route 149
State Route 149 (SR 149) is an L-shaped state highway in eastern Ohio. Though the east–west leg of the route is longer than the north–south portion, the entire route is signed as north–south. The route starts at an interchange with SR 7 in Bellaire. The route heads west to Belmont where it turns north at an intersection with SR 147. After spending most of the time in Belmont County, SR 149's northern terminus is at SR 9 near New Athens, Harrison County.

Ohio State Route 9
State Route 9 (SR 9) is a north–south route running through four counties in east central Ohio. Its route is 92.5 miles (148.9 km) long. The southern terminus is at SR 148 in Armstrongs Mills and the northern terminus is with US 62 north of Salem.
Kurube Kanga ruins
The  Kurube Kanga ruins (久留倍官衙遺跡, Kurube Kanga iseki) is an archaeological site with the ruins of an Asuka to Heian period government administrative complex located in what is now the Oyachi neighborhood of the city of   Yokkaichi in Mie prefecture in the northern Kansai region of Japan. The site has been protected as a National Historic Site from 2006.

Asuka period
The Asuka period (飛鳥時代, Asuka jidai; Japanese pronunciation: [a.sɯ̥.ka ((d)ʑiꜜ.dai)]) was a period in the history of Japan lasting from 538 to 710, although its beginning could be said to overlap with the preceding Kofun period. The Yamato polity evolved greatly during the Asuka period, which is named after the Asuka region, about 25 km (16 mi) south of the modern city of Nara.

The Asuka period is characterized by its significant artistic, social, and political transformations, having their origins in the late Kofun period. The introduction of Buddhism marked a change in Japanese society. The Asuka period is also distinguished by the change in the name of the country from Wa (倭) to Nippon (日本).
Santo Mazzei
Santo Mazzei (born 1953), known as "‘u carcagnusu", is a Sicilian mafioso from Catania. He gained notoriety in the early 1990s for a failed coup attempt against Nitto Santapaola's leadership within the Catania Mafia. Mazzei is currently serving a life sentence in prison.

Benedetto Santapaola
Benedetto Santapaola (Italian pronunciation: [beneˈdetto santaˈpaːola]; born 4 June 1938), better known as Nitto, is a prominent Italian mafioso from Catania, the main city and industrial centre on Sicily's east coast. Santapaola was considered one of the most powerful and bloodthirsty mafia bosses in Cosa Nostra until his arrest in 1993.

His nickname is il Cacciatore ("The Hunter") because of his passion for shooting game.
Flying Padre
Flying Padre is a 1951 short subject black-and-white documentary film. It is the second film directed by Stanley Kubrick. The film is nine minutes long and was completed shortly after Kubrick had completed his first film for RKO, the short subject Day of the Fight (1951). The studio offered him a follow-up project for their Screenliner series.

Day of the Fight
Day of the Fight is a 1951 American short-subject documentary film financed and directed by Stanley Kubrick, who based this black-and-white motion picture on a photo feature he shot two years earlier for Look magazine.
Pashtun Hujra
The Pashtun Hujra (Pashto: حجره‎) is a long-standing communal institution in Pashtuns societies in Afghanistan and Pakistan that serves as a multi-purpose social, cultural, political, and educational space. It is traditionally a gathering place for men, maintained collectively by villages or tribal communities, where guests are welcomed and cared for, elders and youth engage in dialogue, and the principles of Pashtunwali (the Pashtun code of conduct) are passed down from generation to generation.

Historically, Hujras have served as places for conflict resolution (jirgas), storytelling, music, poetry, religious and ritual ceremonies, communal events such as weddings and funerals, and everyday hospitality. While the origins of the hut are seen as ancient, some sources trace it back as far as 5,000 years in Pashtun-populated areas. Its role is now understood to be under pressure from urbanization, changing lifestyles, technology, and security concerns.

Jirga
A jirga (Pashto: جرګه, jərga) is an assembly of leaders that makes decisions by consensus according to Pashtunwali, the Pashtun social code. It is conducted in order to settle disputes among the Pashtuns, but also by members of other ethnic groups who are influenced by them in present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan.

Historically, a loya jirga or a "great council" has been convened in order to elect a new head of state, approve a new constitution or resolve critical issues. Loya jirgas have reportedly been organized since the rise to power of the Hotak dynasty in the early 18th century. In July 1747, Pashtun chiefs assembled in Kandahar to elect a new king, choosing the 25-year-old Ahmad Shah Durrani, who is credited with founding the modern state of Afghanistan.
Music: What Happened?
Music: What Happened? is a book of music criticism by Scott Miller, leader of the bands Game Theory and the Loud Family. Published in 2010, it was described by Billboard as "a well-received critical overview of 53 years of rock history".

The Loud Family
The Loud Family was a San Francisco-based power pop band formed in 1991 by songwriter and guitarist Scott Miller, who previously led the 1980s band Game Theory. The Loud Family released six studio LPs and one live LP from 1991 through 2006. After Miller's death in 2013, three Loud Family members participated in recording sessions for Supercalifragile (2017), Miller's posthumous Game Theory album.
Travis Seegmiller
Travis Seegmiller is an American attorney, academic, and politician who served as a member of the Utah House of Representatives from the 62nd district. Seegmiller was appointed to the House on February 14, 2018, succeeding Jon Stanard.

Jon Stanard
Jon E. Stanard is an American politician. He was a Republican member of the Utah House of Representatives representing District 62 from January 1, 2013, until February 7, 2018, when he resigned. He lives in St. George, Utah.
Line Walker: The Prelude
Line Walker: The Prelude (Chinese: 使徒行者2; Cantonese Yale: Sitòu Hàngjé2), also known as Line Walker 2, is a 2017 crime drama produced by TVB. Premiered on September 18, 2017, it serves as the prequel to Line Walker (2014). It stars Michael Miu, Moses Chan, Jessica Hsuan, Benjamin Yuen, Chau Pak-ho, Priscilla Wong, and Benz Hui.

Michael Miu won My Favourite TVB Actor in a Leading Role at the 2017 TVB Star Awards Malaysia.

A third season taking place three years after the events of Line Walker premiered on November 9, 2020.

Line Walker
Line Walker (Chinese: 使徒行者 literally "Apostle Walker") is a 2014 Hong Kong crime thriller drama produced by TVB, starring Michael Miu, Charmaine Sheh and Raymond Lam as the main leads, with Sharon Chan, Benz Hui, Elena Kong, Sammy Sum, Oscar Leung and Toby Leung in major supporting roles. It is the first entry in the franchise.

The drama began broadcasting on August 25 to October 3, 2014, on TVB Jade channel during its 9:30–10:30 p.m. timeslot. In 2022, the drama was selected as one of ten classic TVB dramas being honoured for a new joint Youku and TVB programme.
Keith Joseph
Keith Sinjohn Joseph, Baron Joseph, Bt, CH, PC (17 January 1918 – 10 December 1994), known as Sir Keith Joseph, 2nd Baronet, for most of his political life, was a British politician. A member of the Conservative Party, he served as a minister under four prime ministers: Harold Macmillan, Alec Douglas-Home, Edward Heath, and Margaret Thatcher. He was a key influence in the creation of what came to be known as Thatcherism.

Joseph introduced the concept of the social market economy into Britain, an economic and social system inspired by Christian democracy. He also co-founded the Centre for Policy Studies writing its first publication: Why Britain needs a Social Market Economy.

Order of the Companions of Honour
The Order of the Companions of Honour is an order of the Commonwealth realms. It was founded on 4 June 1917 by King George V as a reward for outstanding achievements. It was founded on the same date as the Order of the British Empire.

The order was originally intended to be conferred upon a limited number of persons for whom this special distinction seemed to be the most appropriate form of recognition, constituting an honour dissociated from either the acceptance of title or the classification of merit. It is now described as being "awarded for having a major contribution to the arts, science, medicine, or government lasting over a long period of time". The first recipients of the order were all decorated for "services in connection with the war" and were listed in The London Gazette.
Norman Bröckl
Norman Bröckl (born 22 August 1986 in Berlin) is a German sprint canoer who has competed since 2003. He won a bronze medal in the K-4 1000 m event on his 22nd birthday at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing (with Lutz Altepost, Torsten Eckbrett and Björn Goldschmidt).

Lutz Altepost
Lutz Altepost (born October 6, 1981, in Emsdetten, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a German sprint canoeist who has competed since the late 1990s. Competing in two Summer Olympics, he won a bronze medal in the K-4 1000 m event at Beijing in 2008.
Government of Washington (state)
The government of Washington State is the governmental structure of the State of Washington, United States, as established by the Constitution of the State of Washington. The executive is composed of the Governor, several other statewide elected officials and the Governor's cabinet. The Washington State Legislature consists of the House of Representatives and State Senate. The judiciary is composed of the Washington Supreme Court and lower courts. There is also local government, consisting of counties, municipalities and special districts.

Washington State Senate
The Washington State Senate is the upper house of the Washington State Legislature. The body consists of 49 members, each representing a district with a population of approximately 160,000. The state senate meets at the Legislative Building in Olympia.

As with the lower House of Representatives, state senators serve without term limits, and senators serve four-year terms. Senators are elected from the same legislative districts as House members, with each district electing one senator and two representatives. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the state senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions, and boards.