hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karl Heinrich von Boetticher
Karl Heinrich von Boetticher (6 January 1833 – 6 March 1907) was a German conservative statesman. He served as the secretary of the Interior (1880–1897), and the vice-chancellor of the German Empire (1881–1897).

Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany)
The Federal Ministry of the Interior  (German: Bundesministerium des Innern, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsminɪsˌteːʁiʊm dɛs ˈʔɪnɐn ʔʊnt fyːɐ̯ ˈhaɪmaːt] ⓘ; abbreviated BMI) is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. Its main office is in Berlin, with a secondary seat in Bonn. The current minister is Alexander Dobrindt. 
It is comparable to the UK Home Office or a combination of the US Department of Homeland Security and the US Department of Justice, because both manage several law enforcement agencies. The BMI is tasked with the internal security of Germany. To fulfill this responsibility it maintains, among other agencies, the two biggest federal law enforcement agencies in Germany, the Federal Police (including the GSG 9) and the Federal Criminal Police Office. It is also responsible for the federal domestic intelligence agency, the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution.
Logan James
Logan James is an American professional wrestler,  He is currently performing independent circuit. He is best known for tenure IWA Mid-South  where he is former one-times IWA Mid-South Heavyweight Championship, former five-times IWA Mid-South Junior Heavyweight Championship and two-times IWA Mid-South Tag Team Championship with alongside Tyler Matrix and Adam Slade. He is also known for his tenure with Ohio Valley Wrestling where he is a former OVW Television Champion.

IWA Mid-South Tag Team Championship
The IWA Mid-South Tag Team Championship is a tag team title in the IWA Mid-South promotion. The title debuted in 1997, but was abandoned before the year was out, and had a brief revival in 2002. The title was brought back from 2004 to 2008 and then once again from 2017 to the present. When it was reactivated in 2017, it was done via the Candido Cup, an eight-team tournament held on April 27, 2017. There have been a total of 44 reigns shared between 35 different teams consisting of 67 distinctive champions and five vacancies. The current champions are Dale Patricks and Kevin Giza, who are in their first reign as a team.
Trans Island Limousine Service
Trans Island Limousine Service Ltd (a.k.a. TIL) is a subsidiary of Kwoon Chung Bus Company. It is the main cross-boundary bus company in Hong Kong. The company was established in 1973, providing cross boundary coach service between Hong Kong and Guangdong Province, China/Shenzhen International Airport. From 2010, TIL worked with SZIA to provide up-stream check-in services for passengers taking a flight from SZIA in Hong Kong. Up-stream check-in service is available in a number of TIL ticketing centers, including Mong Kok (Prince Edward), Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon Tong, Sheung Wan and Shenzhen Bay Port.

Mong Kok
Mong Kok (Chinese: 旺角), also spelled Mongkok, often abbreviated as MK, is an area in Kowloon, Hong Kong. The Prince Edward subarea occupies the northern part of Mong Kok.

As one of the major shopping areas in Hong Kong, Mong Kok is characterised by a mixture of old and new multi-story buildings, with shops and restaurants at street level, and commercial or residential units above. Major industries in Mong Kok are retail, restaurants (including fast food) and entertainment. It has been described and portrayed in films as an area in which triads run bars, nightclubs, and massage parlours. With its extremely high population density of 130,000/km2 (340,000/sq mi), Mong Kok was described as the busiest district in the world by the Guinness World Records.
Private investment in public equity
A private investment in public equity, commonly known as a PIPE deal, involves selling of publicly traded common shares or some form of preferred stock or convertible security to private investors. It is an allocation of shares in a public company not through a public offering in a stock exchange. PIPE deals are part of the primary market. In the U.S., a PIPE offering may be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission on a registration statement or may be completed as an unregistered private placement.

Public offering
A public offering is the offering of securities of a company or a similar corporation to the public. Generally, the securities are to be publicly listed. In most jurisdictions, a public offering requires the issuing company to publish a prospectus detailing the terms and rights attached to the offered security, as well as information on the company itself and its finances. Many other regulatory requirements surround any public offering and they vary according to jurisdiction.

The services of an underwriter are often used to conduct a public offering.
Glaslyn Osprey Project
The Glaslyn Osprey Project is located in the Glaslyn Valley at Pont Croesor near Porthmadog in Gwynedd, north-west Wales. The project has supported ospreys since 2004 when they came to the Snowdonia National Park to breed after being absent from Wales for decades. The ospreys spend every winter in West Africa and travel thousands of miles to return to Glaslyn every year to breed and raise their chicks.

The project was initially run by RSPB Cymru. The RSPB Date with Nature site at Pont Croesor aimed to introduce people to the wildlife in the area, inform the public on conservation projects done by the RSPB and ensure 24-hour protection of the eggs in the nest. In 2012 the charity announced that it was looking to withdraw in order to prioritise other challenges facing Welsh wildlife. In September 2013, the project was handed over to a community interest company called Bywyd Gwyllt Glaslyn Wildlife.
The project continues successfully.

Osprey
The osprey (/ˈɒspri, -preɪ/; Pandion haliaetus), historically known as sea hawk, river hawk, and fish hawk, is a diurnal, fish-eating bird of prey with a cosmopolitan range. It is a large raptor, reaching more than 60 cm (24 in) in length and a wingspan of 180 cm (71 in). It is brown on the upperparts and predominantly greyish on the head and underparts.

The osprey tolerates a wide variety of habitats, nesting in any location near a body of water providing an adequate food supply. It is found on all continents except Antarctica, although in South America it occurs only as a non-breeding migrant.

As its other common names suggest, the osprey's diet consists almost exclusively of fish. It possesses specialised physical characteristics and unique behaviour in hunting its prey. Because of its unique characteristics it is classified in its own taxonomic genus, Pandion, and family, Pandionidae.
Tuned radio frequency receiver
A tuned radio frequency receiver (or TRF receiver) is a type of radio receiver that is composed of one or more tuned radio frequency (RF) amplifier stages followed by a detector (demodulator) circuit to extract the audio signal and usually an audio frequency amplifier. This type of receiver was popular in the 1920s. Early examples could be tedious to operate because when tuning in a station each stage had to be individually adjusted to the station's frequency, but later models had ganged tuning, the tuning mechanisms of all stages being linked together, and operated by just one control knob. By the mid 1930s, it was replaced by the superheterodyne receiver patented by Edwin Armstrong.

Audio signal
An audio signal is a representation of sound, typically using either a changing level of electrical voltage for analog signals or a series of binary numbers for digital signals. Audio signals have frequencies in the audio frequency range of roughly 20 to 20,000 Hz, which corresponds to the lower and upper limits of human hearing. Audio signals may be synthesized directly, or may originate at a transducer such as a microphone, musical instrument pickup, phonograph cartridge, or tape head. Loudspeakers or headphones convert an electrical audio signal back into sound.

Digital audio systems represent audio signals in a variety of digital formats.

An audio channel or audio track is an audio signal communications channel in a storage device or mixing console.  It is used in operations such as multi-track recording and sound reinforcement.
Edward H. Harte
Edward Holmead Harte (December 5, 1922 – May 18, 2011) was an American newspaper executive, journalist, philanthropist, and conservationist. The son of Houston Harte, co-founder of the Harte-Hanks newspaper conglomerate, he had a decades-long relationship with that organization. For Harte-Hanks, he was an executive and journalist with various newspapers, including The Snyder Daily News, The San Angelo Standard-Times, and The Corpus Christi Caller-Times. He also served as vice chairman of Harte-Hanks from 1962 to 1987. As a philanthropist, he donated tens of millions of dollars to a variety of charities and institutions. He was also a pioneer in environmental conservationism in Texas, notably spearheading successful land conservation campaigns on Padre Island and Mustang Island. In 2002, the National Audubon Society awarded him the Audubon Medal.

Harte Hanks
Harte Hanks is a global marketing services company headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Harte Hanks services include analytics, strategy, marketing technology, creative services, digital marketing, customer care, direct mail, logistics, and fulfillment.
Adam Griffin
Adam Griffin (born 26 August 1984) is an English semi-professional footballer who last played for Ashton United FC.

He started his career at Oldham Athletic, having loan spells with Chester City, Oxford United and Stockport County. After a successful loan at Stockport, he was signed on a permanent basis in 2006. After two seasons with Stockport he was released and subsequently joined Darlington where he stayed for the 2008–09 season before returning to Stockport at the start of 2009–10. After Stockport's relegation from the Football League in 2011, he was released and joined Hyde in August the same year. He signed for Altrincham in December 2013.

Ashton United F.C.
Ashton United Football Club is a football club in Ashton-under-Lyne, Greater Manchester, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football, and play at Hurst Cross. Established as Hurst in 1878, the club folded in 1892 before being reformed in 1909 and renamed Ashton United in 1947.
2012 Tippeligaen
The 2012 Tippeligaen was the 68th completed season of top division football in Norway. The competition began on 23 March 2012 and ended on 18 November 2012, with a summer break from 28 May to 30 June. Molde were the defending champions, while Hønefoss and Sandnes Ulf entered as the promoted teams from the 2011 1. divisjon. They replaced Start and Sarpsborg 08 who were relegated to the 2012 1. divisjon.

On 11 November 2011, Molde won the title with one matchday left to play after a 1–0 home win over Hønefoss. It was their second consecutive league title and also their second top-flight title overall.

Sarpsborg 08 FF
Sarpsborg 08 Fotballforening, commonly known as Sarpsborg 08 or simply Sarpsborg ([ˈsɑ̀ʂbɔr]), is a Norwegian professional football club based in Sarpsborg, playing in Eliteserien. Sarpsborg 08 and its predecessors played in 1. divisjon from 2005 to 2010. In 2010, the club was promoted to the Tippeligaen, the top league in Norway, but finished last and was relegated back to 1. divisjon in 2011. In 2012, they were promoted again and 6 years after, they qualified for their first Europa League group stage. They play their home games at Sarpsborg Stadion.
Hayley Lauder
Hayley Lauder (born 4 June 1990) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays for Glasgow City of the Scottish Women's Premier League and the Scotland women's national team. After beginning her senior career with Spartans, she played for Apollon Limassol in the 2011–12 Champions League qualifying stage. Lauder then moved on to Finland, with Åland United, before spending a single season with both Mallbackens IF and Vittsjö GIK of the Swedish Damallsvenskan.

Scotland women's national football team
The Scotland women's national football team represents Scotland in international women's football competitions. Since 1998, the team has been governed by the Scottish Football Association (SFA). Scotland qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup for the first time in 2019, and for their first UEFA Women's Championship in 2017. As of June 2025, the team was placed 24th in the FIFA Women's World Rankings, their highest ranking being 19th in March 2014 and September 2018 respectively.

Although most national football teams represent a sovereign state, as a member of the United Kingdom's Home Nations, Scotland is permitted by FIFA statutes to maintain its own national side that competes in all major tournaments, with the exception of the Women's Olympic Football Tournament. Scotland is scheduled to co–host the 2035 FIFA Women's World Cup and gained automatic qualification to the tournament as a result being co–hosts.
Mammoth Geothermal Complex
The Mammoth Geothermal Complex is a complex of four geothermal power stations located at Casa Diablo Hot Springs about 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Mammoth Lakes, California. The complex is owned by Ormat and operated by its subsidiary Mammoth Pacific.

Mammoth Lakes, California
Mammoth Lakes is the only incorporated town in Mono County, California, United States. It is located immediately to the east of Mammoth Mountain, at an elevation of 7,880 feet (2,400 m). As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 7,191, reflecting a 12.7% decrease from the 2010 Census.
Habib Ullah Khan (politician)
Habib Ullah Khan (31 January 1935 – 7 January 2023) was a Bangladeshi politician and diplomat. He served as the Minister of Information and then as the Minister of Jute under the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) governments in the late 1970s to early 1980s. He was also a former Member of the Jatiya Sangsad representing Comilla-5 (now Brahmanbaria-5).

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (Bangladesh)
The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (Bengali: তথ্য ও সম্প্রচার মন্ত্রণালয়) (abbreviated as MoIB) is a branch of the Government of Bangladesh and is the apex body for formulation and administration of the rules and regulations and laws relating to information, broadcasting, the press and films in Bangladesh. It is responsible for releasing government information, media galleries, public domain and government unclassified non-scientific data to the public and international communities.
Joaquim Miranda Sarmento
Joaquim José Miranda Sarmento (born 7 August 1978) is a Portuguese university professor, economist and politician. He currently occupies the position of Minister of State and Finance in the XXIV and the XXV Government of Portugal, since April 2, 2024.

XXIV Constitutional Government of Portugal
The XXIV Constitutional Government of Portugal (Portuguese: XXIV Governo Constitucional de Portugal) was the 24th cabinet of the Portuguese government, led by Prime Minister Luís Montenegro. It was sworn in on 2 April 2024 and it was formed by a centre-right coalition between the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the CDS – People's Party (CDS–PP), which ran together in the 2024 legislative election as part of the Democratic Alliance (AD).
Henrich Krummedige
Henrich Krummedige (c. 1464 – 1530) was a Danish-Norwegian nobleman and a member of both the Norwegian and Danish National Councils (Rigsråd) and played an extensive role in the politics of the era. He served as commanding officer of the Bohus Fortress in Norway from 1489 to 1503.

Riksråd
Riksrådet (in Norwegian and Swedish) or Rigsrådet (in Danish or English: the Council of the Realm and the Council of the State – sometimes translated as the "Privy Council") is the name of the councils of the Scandinavian countries that ruled the countries together with the kings from late Middle Ages to the 17th century. Norway had a Council of the Realm (Riksrådet) that was de facto abolished by the Danish-Norwegian king in 1536–1537. In Sweden the parallel Council gradually came under the influence of the king during the 17th century.
Anna Katzmann
Anna Judith Katzmann SC is an Australian lawyer and a current judge of the Federal Court of Australia. Katzmann is a graduate of the University of New South Wales. Before her appointment as a justice of the Federal Court, Katzmann was the President of the New South Wales Bar Association.

Senior counsel
Senior Counsel, State Counsel (post-nominal letters: SC), or Senior Advocate is a title given to senior lawyers in some current or former Commonwealth nations, mainly those in which the British monarch is no longer head of state, making the title "King's Counsel" obsolete. Examples of such nations are Mauritius, Zambia, India (Senior Advocate), Bangladesh (Senior Advocate), Hong Kong, Ireland, South Africa, Kenya, Malawi, Singapore, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago. Jurisdictions that have retained the monarch as head of state, but have nonetheless opted for the new title, include some states and territories of Australia, as well as Belize.

Just as a junior counsel is "called to the [Outer] Bar", a Senior Counsel is, in some jurisdictions, said to be "called to the Inner Bar". Senior Counsels may informally style themselves silks, as do their British counterparts.
SV Lafnitz
Sportverein Lafnitz (commonly known as SV Licht-Loidl Lafnitz for sponsorship purposes) is an Austrian association football club from Lafnitz. They currently play in the Austrian Regionalliga Central after their relegation from the 2. Liga in the 2024–25 season and play their home games at the Sportplatz Lafnitz in Lafnitz.

Austrian Regionalliga Central
The Austrian Regional League Central (Regionalliga Mitte) is the third tier of Austrian football, established in the 1994–95 season. It serves as one of three regional leagues at this level in Austria and encompasses the states of Carinthia (including East Tyrol), Styria, and Upper Austria. The league acts as a feeder to the second-tier 2. Liga, with promotion and relegation determining the movement of teams between divisions.
Chinatowns in Europe
Urban Chinatowns exist in several major European cities.  There is a Chinatown in London, England, as well as major Chinatowns in Manchester, Birmingham, Newcastle and Liverpool. In Paris there are two Chinatowns: one where many Vietnamese – specifically ethnic Chinese refugees from Vietnam – have settled in the Quartier chinois in the 13th arrondissement of Paris which is Europe's largest Chinatown, and the other in Belleville in the northeast of Paris. Berlin, Germany has two Chinatowns, one in the East and one in the West. Antwerp, Belgium also has an upstart Chinese community.

Belleville, Paris
Belleville (French pronunciation: [bɛlvil] ⓘ) is a neighbourhood of Paris, France, parts of which lie in four different arrondissements. The major portion of Belleville straddles the borderline between the 20th arrondissement and the 19th along its main street, the Rue de Belleville. The remainder lies in the 10th and 11th arrondissements.

It was once the independent commune (municipality) of Belleville which was annexed by the City of Paris in 1860 and divided between two arrondissements. Geographically, the neighborhood is situated on and around a hill which ties with Montmartre as the highest in Paris. The name Belleville literally means "beautiful town".
Macrocell
A macrocell or macrosite is a cell in a mobile phone network that provides radio coverage served by a high power cell site (tower, antenna or mast).  Generally, macrocells provide coverage larger than microcell. The antennas for macrocells are mounted on ground-based masts, rooftops and other existing structures, at a height that provides a clear view over the surrounding buildings and terrain. Macrocell base stations have power outputs of typically tens of watts. Macrocell performance can be increased by increasing the efficiency of the transceiver.

Microcell
A microcell is a cell in a mobile phone network served by a low power cellular base station (tower), covering a limited area such as a mall, a hotel, or a transportation hub. A microcell is usually larger than a picocell, though the distinction is not always clear. A microcell uses power control to limit the radius of its coverage area.

Typically the range of a microcell is less than two kilometers wide, whereas standard base stations may have ranges of up to 35 kilometres (22 mi). A picocell, on the other hand, is 200 meters or less, and a femtocell is on the order of 10 meters, although AT&T calls its femtocell that has a range of 40 feet (12 m), a "microcell". AT&T uses "AT&T 3G MicroCell" as a trademark and not necessarily the "microcell" technology, however.

A microcellular network is a radio network composed of microcells.
Samuel Turyagyenda
Samuel Turyagyenda is a Ugandan police officer, professional pilot and army officer. He served as the commander of the Air Force in the Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF). He was appointed to that position in May 2013, having been Deputy Commander of the Uganda Air Force, immediately prior to his appointment. He retired in July 2019.

Uganda People's Defence Force
The Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF), previously known as the National Resistance Army (NRA), is the armed forces of Uganda. From 2007 to 2011, the International Institute for Strategic Studies estimated the UPDF had a total strength of 40,000–45,000, consisting of land forces and an air wing. Recruitment to the forces is done annually.

After Uganda achieved independence in October 1962, British officers retained most high-level military commands. Ugandans in the rank and file claimed this policy blocked promotions and kept their salaries disproportionately low. These complaints eventually destabilized the armed forces, already weakened by ethnic divisions. Each post-independence regime expanded the size of the army, usually by recruiting from among people of one region or ethnic group, and each government employed military force to subdue political unrest.
Spur Tree
Spur Tree is a community and electoral division located in the parish of Manchester, Jamaica, situated atop Spur Tree Hill near the border with Saint Elizabeth. The area functions as a main transport and commercial route, a role highlighted by its location on the primary thoroughfare connecting the two parishes.

The community's local economy was strongly associated with the food manufacturing company Spur Tree Spices Jamaica Limited.

Manchester Parish
The Parish of Manchester (Jamaican Patois: Manchesta) is a parish located in west-central Jamaica, in the county of Middlesex. Its capital, Mandeville, is a major business centre. Its St. Paul of the Cross Pro-Cathedral is the episcopal see of the Latin Catholic Diocese of Mandeville.