hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malcolm Ferguson
Malcolm Ferguson is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Ferguson made his full All Whites debut in a 5–0 win over Fiji on 17 September 1968 and ended his international playing career with 9 A-international caps to his credit, his final cap an appearance in a 1–1 draw with Indonesia on 11 March 1973.

New Zealand men's national football team
The New Zealand men's national football team (Māori: Tīma hoka a-motu o Aotearoa) represents New Zealand in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the governing body for football in New Zealand, New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the All Whites (Māori: Ōmā [ɔːmaː]).

The team represented New Zealand at the FIFA World Cup tournaments in 1982 and 2010, and are set to appear in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It also participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 1999, 2003, 2009, and 2017. New Zealand is a six-time OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand was the only unbeaten country in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, drawing all three group stage games; nevertheless, they were eliminated in the group stage.
Kwame Governs Agbodza
Kwame Governs Agbodza is a Ghanaian politician and member of the Seventh, eight and ninth Parliament of the Fourth Republic of Ghana representing the Adaklu Constituency in the Volta Region on the ticket of the National Democratic Congress. He served as  the Chief Whip in the Parliament of Ghana and currently serves as the minister in charge of Ministry of Roads and Highways (Ghana). He served as the chartered architect and a member of the Ghana Institute of Architects and royal institute of British

Ghana Institute of Architects
The Ghana Institute of Architects (GIA) is a professional society for architects and built environment affiliates located in Accra, Ghana. The first professional body in independent Ghana, it was registered in 1962 and inaugurated in December 1964 as a self-governing and fully indigenous institution to advance the architectural practice, education and accreditation in the country.  The Institute is the successor to the pre-independence Gold Coast Society of Architects, a colonial social club for Gold Coast-based architects founded in August 1954.  The first president of the Ghana Institute of Architects was Theodore Shealtiel Clerk (1909–1965), the first formally trained, professionally certified Ghanaian architect and an award-winning urban planner who designed, planned and developed the harbour city of Tema.
Filippo Tortu
Filippo Tortu (born 15 June 1998) is an Italian sprinter. He was the first Italian to break the 10-second barrier and is the second fastest Italian in the 100 metres after Marcell Jacobs. He ran the anchor leg in the 4 × 100 m relay of the Italian team that won a gold medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics. His leg was the fifth fastest anchor of all time.

He is coached by his father, Salvino Tortu, a former Sardinian sprinter who moved to Lombardy.

Anchor leg
The anchor leg is the final position in a relay race. Typically, the anchor leg of a relay is given to the fastest or most experienced competitor on a team. The athlete completing the anchor leg of a relay is responsible for making up ground on the race-leader or preserving the lead already secured by their teammates.
Greater Essex Combined County Authority
The Greater Essex Combined County Authority (GECCA) or simply the Greater Essex Combined Authority (GECA) is an upcoming combined authority for the ceremonial county of Essex, England. The authority is expected to be established in 2026 with the first direct election of the mayor of Greater Essex in 2028. The initial constituent authorities will be Essex County Council, Southend-on-Sea City Council and Thurrock Council. An ongoing reorganisation of local government will amend the constituent authorities. The combined authority will have powers over housing, regeneration, economic development, adult skills and local transport.

Essex County Council
Essex County Council is the county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Essex in England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county; the non-metropolitan county excludes Southend-on-Sea and Thurrock which are both administered as separate unitary authorities. The county council has 75 councillors, elected from 70 divisions, and has been under Conservative majority control since 2001. The council meets at County Hall in the centre of Chelmsford.
Glue semantics
Glue semantics, or simply Glue (Dalrymple et al. 1993; Dalrymple 1999, 2001), is a linguistic theory of semantic composition and the syntax–semantics interface which assumes that meaning composition is constrained by a set of instructions stated within a formal logic (linear logic).  These instructions, called meaning constructors, state how the meanings of the parts of a sentence can be combined to provide the meaning of the sentence.

Syntax–semantics interface
In linguistics, the syntax–semantics interface is the interaction between syntax and semantics. Its study encompasses phenomena that pertain to both syntax and semantics, with the goal of explaining correlations between form and meaning. Specific topics include scope, binding, and lexical semantic properties such as verbal aspect and nominal individuation, semantic macroroles, and unaccusativity.

The interface is conceived of very differently in formalist and functionalist approaches. While functionalists tend to look into semantics and pragmatics for explanations of syntactic phenomena, formalists try to limit such explanations within syntax itself. Aside from syntax, other aspects of grammar have been studied in terms of how they interact with semantics; which can be observed by the existence of terms such as morphosyntax–semantics interface.
George Fisher (New Zealand politician)
George Fisher (c. 1843 – 14 March 1905) was a four-time Mayor of Wellington, New Zealand from 1882 to 1885, and in 1896. He represented various Wellington electorates in Parliament for a total of 18 years. He was nicknamed ‘Tarcoola George’.

Harry Atkinson
Sir Harry Albert Atkinson KCMG (1 November 1831 – 28 June 1892) served as the tenth premier of New Zealand on four occasions in the late 19th century, and was Colonial Treasurer for a total of ten years. He was responsible for guiding the country during a time of economic depression, and was known as a cautious and prudent manager of government finances, though distrusted for some policies such as his 1882 National Insurance (welfare) scheme and leasehold land schemes. He also participated in the formation of voluntary military units to fight in the New Zealand Wars, and was noted for his strong belief in the need for seizure of Māori land.
The Changingman
"The Changingman" is a song by British singer-songwriter Paul Weller, released in April 1995 by Go! Discs as the lead single from his third solo album, Stanley Road (1995). The song charted at number seven on the UK Singles Chart.

Stanley Road
Stanley Road is the third solo studio album by the English singer-songwriter and musician Paul Weller, released by Go! Discs in 1995. The album took its name from the street in Woking where Weller grew up. Weller's cover version of the song "I Walk on Guilded Splinters" was featured in the series ending montage of The Wire's fourth series end, "Final Grades".

On 30 May 2005, a three-disc 10th anniversary deluxe edition of the album was released by Island Records. The expanded edition included demos, live and BBC session recordings and a DVD documentary directed by Simon Halfon which featured interviews, behind-the-scenes footage and music videos.
Denis Khodykin
Denis Sergeevich Khodykin (Russian: Денис Сергеевич Ходыкин, born 6 July 1999) is a retired Russian pair skater. With his skating partner, Daria Pavliuchenko, he is the 2020 European bronze medalist, the 2019 Internationaux de France and 2019 Skate America silver medalist, and the 2018 Grand Prix of Helsinki and 2018 Rostelecom Cup bronze medalist. Earlier in their career, they won gold at the 2018 World Junior Championships and bronze at the 2017 Junior Grand Prix Final.

2020 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2020 European Figure Skating Championships were held in Graz, Austria, on 20–26 January 2020. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pairs, and ice dance. The competition determined the entry quotas for each federation at the 2021 European Championships.
Walter Clinton Jackson
Walter Clinton Jackson (June 28, 1879 – August 12, 1959) was an American educator. Jackson taught history at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro from 1909 to 1932, and at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from 1932 to 1934. He was head of the Woman's College of the University of North Carolina from 1934 to 1950. Jackson was also a member of several groups, including the Commission on Interracial Cooperation. He published several books and was the editor of An Anthology of Verse by American Negroes (1924) with Newman Ivey White.

After Jackson's death in 1959, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro's library was named after him, and he was inducted into the North Carolina Educational Hall of Fame in 1965.

University of North Carolina at Greensboro
The University of North Carolina at Greensboro (UNCG or UNC Greensboro) is a public research university in Greensboro, North Carolina. It is part of the University of North Carolina system. It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award baccalaureate, master's, specialist, and doctoral degrees.

The university offers over 100 undergraduate, 61 master's, and 26 doctoral programs. UNCG is also home to the Weatherspoon Art Museum.
Hanger River
The Hanger (also transliterated Angar River) is a river in west central Ethiopia. It is a west-flowing tributary of the Didessa River, itself a tributary of the Blue Nile (also called the Abay River in Ethiopia). The Hanger enters the Didessa approximately halfway between the town of Nek'emte and the village of Cherari.

Tributaries of the Hanger include the Wajja, Alata, and Ukke rivers.

Portuguese missionary António Fernandes was the first European recorded to have seen the Hanger, crossing the river in 1613 as he sought a way south from Ethiopia to Malindi.

Blue Nile
The Blue Nile is a river originating at Lake Tana in Ethiopia. It travels for approximately 1,450 km (900 mi) through Ethiopia and Sudan. Along with the White Nile, it is one of the two major tributaries of the Nile and supplies about 85.6% of the water to the Nile during the rainy season.
Thracian clothing
Thracian clothing refers to types of clothing worn mainly by Thracians, Dacians but also by some Greeks. Its best literal descriptions are given by Herodotus and Xenophon in his Anabasis. Depictions are found in a great number of Greek vases and there are a few Persian representations as well. In contrast to shapes and patterns we have very little evidence on the colours used.

Dacians
The Dacians (/ˈdeɪ.ʃən/, DAY-shən; Latin: Daci [ˈdaːkiː]; Ancient Greek: Δάκοι, Δάοι, Δάκαι) were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea. They are often considered a subgroup of the Thracians. This area includes mainly the present-day countries of Romania and Moldova, as well as parts of Ukraine, Eastern Serbia, Northern Bulgaria, Slovakia, Hungary and Southern Poland. The Dacians and the related Getae spoke the Dacian language, which has a debated relationship with the neighbouring Thracian language and may be a subgroup of it. Dacians were somewhat culturally influenced by the neighbouring Scythians and by the Celtic invaders of the 4th century BC.
My Friend's Little Sister Has It In for Me!
My Friend's Little Sister Has It In for Me! (友達の妹が俺にだけウザい, Tomodachi no Imōto ga Ore ni Dake Uzai), or ImoUza!, is a Japanese light novel series written by Ghost Mikawa and illustrated by Tomari. The series began publication by SB Creative under their GA Bunko imprint in April 2019. The light novel is licensed in North America by J-Novel Club. A manga adaptation by Hira Hiraoka began serialization online in December 2019. An anime television series adaptation produced by Blade aired from October to December 2025.

GA Bunko
GA Bunko (GA文庫) is a publishing label affiliated with the Japanese publishing company SB Creative, a subsidiary of Softbank. It was established in January 2006 and is a light novel label. The label is aimed at males in their teens to their twenties.
Ascon (cipher)
Ascon is a family of lightweight authenticated ciphers and hash functions that have been selected by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for cryptography on resource-constrained devices in 2025, specified in NIST SP 800-232.

Authenticated encryption
Authenticated encryption (AE) is any encryption scheme which simultaneously assures the data confidentiality (also known as privacy: the encrypted message is impossible to understand without the knowledge of a secret key) and authenticity (in other words, it is unforgeable: the encrypted message includes an authentication tag that the sender can calculate only while possessing the secret key). Examples of encryption modes that provide AE are GCM, CCM.

Many (but not all) AE schemes allow the message to contain "associated data" (AD) which is not made confidential, but is integrity protected (i.e., readable, but tamperevident). A typical example is the header of a network packet that contains its destination address. To properly route the packet, all intermediate nodes in the message path need to know the destination, but for security reasons they cannot possess the secret key. Schemes that allow associated data provide authenticated encryption with associated data, or AEAD.
Family Dining Room
State Floor of the White House, showing the location of the Family Dining Room.The redecorated Family Dining Room in February 2015.

The Family Dining Room is a dining room located on the State Floor of the White House, the official residence of the president of the United States. The room is used for smaller, more private meals than those served in the State Dining Room. Used in the 1800s as a space for the First Family to have their meals, the Family Dining Room was used less for family meals and more for working lunches and small dinners in the 20th and 21st centuries. (Family dinners are now more often served on the Second Floor in the President's Dining Room.)

Executive Residence
The Executive Residence is the central and most recognizable part of the White House complex, being the actual "house" part of the White House. This central building is home to the president of the United States and the first family. The Executive Residence was first constructed from 1792 to 1800. It primarily occupies four floors: the ground floor, the state floor, the second floor, and the third floor. The third floor was created in 1927 from attic space. A sub-basement with a mezzanine, created during the 1948–1952 Truman Reconstruction, is used for HVAC and mechanical systems, storage, and service areas.
Forres Thistle F.C.
Forres Thistle Football Club are a Scottish football club from Forres, Morayshire. A member of the SJFA North Region, the club play in the North of Scotland Football League.

The club was founded in 1906, and the team play in red and white.

Spey Valley United F.C.
Spey Valley United are a Scottish football club from the village of Cromdale, Speyside. Members of the North Region of the Scottish Junior Football Association, they currently play in the North Second Division but are in abeyance during the 2021–22 season due to organisational difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland.

The club was formed in 2016 when neighbouring junior clubs Spey Valley (formed 2014) and Grantown (formed 2007) merged. The newly formed club took up residence at Cromdale Park where Spey Valley had been playing their home matches before the merger. Spey Valley United won the North Division One (West) in their first season, but they were denied promotion to the North Superleague due to not meeting ground criteria for the league.
2005 Iranian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Iran 17 June 2005, with a second round run-off on 24 June. Mohammad Khatami, the outgoing president of Iran, stepped down on 2 August 2005, after serving his maximum two consecutive four-year terms according to the Islamic republic's constitution.

As no candidate received a majority of the vote in the first round, a run-off was held between the top two candidates, former president (1989–1997) Akbar Rafsanjanī and Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, the hardline mayor of Tehran. Although Ahmadinejad had finished second in the first round of voting, he won the second round with 63% of the vote. Factors thought to have contributed to Ahmadinejad's victory include mobilization of mosque networks and conservative/hardline voters, and a protest vote against corrupt elite insiders and for "new political blood". He was a loyal supporter of conservative Supreme Leader Khamenei.

Constitution of Iran
The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran is the supreme law of Iran. It was adopted by referendum on 2 and 3 December 1979, and went into force replacing the Constitution of 1906. It has been amended once, on 28 July 1989. The constitution was originally made up of 175 articles in 12 chapters, but amended in 1989 to 177 articles in 14 chapters.

It has been called a hybrid regime of theocratic and democratic elements. Articles One and Two vest sovereignty in God, and Article Six "mandates popular elections for the presidency and the Majlis, or parliament." Main democratic procedures and rights are subordinate to the Guardian Council and the Supreme Leader, whose powers are spelled out in Chapter Eight (Articles 107–112).
Sielanka, Bydgoszcz
Sielanka is a housing estate developed in the 1910s in the heart of downtown city Bydgoszcz, Poland. Its completion spans almost 25 years, across the political changes of the period (from the Prussian occupation to the re-creation of the Polish state). It was created in the spirit of garden city spirit originating from the beginning of the 20th century and refers to eclectic forms. In addition, there are many modernist villas, fashionable in the interwar period.

Prussian Partition
The Prussian Partition (Polish: Zabór pruski),  or Prussian Poland, is the former territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth acquired during the Partitions of Poland, in the late 18th century by the Kingdom of Prussia. The Prussian acquisition amounted to 141,400 km2 (54,600 sq mi) of land constituting formerly western territory of the Commonwealth. The first partitioning led by imperial Russia with Prussian participation took place in 1772; the second in 1793, and the third in 1795, resulting in Poland's elimination as a state for the next 123 years.
Donna Kennedy
Donna Kennedy (born 16 February 1972) is a Scottish rugby union coach and former international player who played for the national team from 1993 to 2010. She was the world's most-capped women's player from 2004 to 2016 and the first Scottish player — woman or man — to reach 100 international caps. As of November 2017, she remains the most-capped player in Scotland with 115 caps.

Kennedy was named the IRB International Women's Personality of the Year in 2004. In 2015, the Donna Kennedy Cup, an annual top-level women's rugby competition, was launched in her honour. In 2017, she was inducted into Scotland's Rugby Hall of Fame. Kennedy was inducted into the World Rugby Hall of Fame in 2024.

World Rugby Hall of Fame
The World Rugby Hall of Fame (formerly the IRB Hall of Fame) recognises special achievement and contribution to the sport of rugby union. The World Rugby Hall of Fame covers players, coaches, administrators, match officials, institutions and other individuals. The Hall of Fame recognises the history and important contributions to the game, through one or more induction ceremonies that have been held annually except in 2010. The permanent physical home of the Hall of Fame was based at the Rugby Art Gallery, Museum & Library in Rugby, Warwickshire from 2016 until 2021.
Turán's brick factory problem
In the mathematics of graph drawing, Turán's brick factory problem asks for the minimum number of crossings in a drawing of a complete bipartite graph. The problem is named after Pál Turán, who formulated it while being forced to work in a brick factory during World War II.

A drawing method found by Kazimierz Zarankiewicz has been conjectured to give the correct answer for every complete bipartite graph, and the statement that this is true has come to be known as the Zarankiewicz crossing number conjecture. The conjecture remains open, with only some special cases solved.

Graph drawing
Graph drawing is an area of mathematics and computer science combining methods from geometric graph theory and information visualization to derive two-dimensional (or, sometimes, three-dimensional) depictions of graphs arising from applications such as social network analysis, cartography, linguistics, and bioinformatics.

A drawing of a graph or network diagram is a pictorial representation of the vertices and edges of a graph. This drawing should not be confused with the graph itself: very different layouts can correspond to the same graph.  In the abstract, all that matters is which pairs of vertices are connected by edges.  In the concrete, however, the arrangement of these vertices and edges within a drawing affects its understandability, usability, fabrication cost, and aesthetics. The problem gets worse if the graph changes over time by adding and deleting edges (dynamic graph drawing) and the goal is to preserve the user's mental map.
V. Narayanan (engineer)
V. Narayanan (born 14 May 1964) is an Indian cryogenic engineer and rocket scientist who is serving as Chairman of ISRO and the Secretary of the Department of Space (DoS) since 14 January 2025. He was the Director of the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC) from 23 January 2018 to 14 January 2025, the day when he assumed the chairmanship of ISRO. He is to lead the organisation during the ongoing development of various upcoming programmes, including the Gaganyaan and Chandrayaan-4 missions, as well as the launch of India's first space station in the forthcoming years.

Cryogenic engineering
Cryogenic engineering is a sub stream of mechanical engineering dealing with cryogenics, and related very low temperature processes such as air liquefaction, cryogenic engines (for rocket propulsion), cryosurgery. Generally, temperatures below cold come under the purview of cryogenic engineering.
Cryogenics may be considered as the recent advancement in the field of refrigeration. Though there is no fixed demarcation as to where refrigeration ends and cryogenics begins, for general reference, temperatures below –150c(120k) are considered as cryogenic temperature. The four gases which mainly contribute for cryogenic application and research are (O2-B.P.90K), (N2-B.P.77K), (Helium-B.P.4.2k) & (H2-B.P.20K).
The word "cryogenic" is derived from Greek κρύο (cryo) - "icy cold" + γονική (genic) – "having to do with production".