hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joel P. Walker
Joel P. Walker (October 3, 1840 – January 3, 1898) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a Democratic member of the Mississippi State Senate from 1884 to 1892, serving as its President Pro Tempore in 1888, and of the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1865 to 1867, representing Lauderdale County, Mississippi.

Mississippi State Senate
The Mississippi State Senate is the upper house of the Mississippi Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The Senate, along with the lower Mississippi House of Representatives, convenes at the Mississippi State Capitol in Jackson. The Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi serves as President of the Senate.

The Senate is composed of 52 senators representing an equal number of constituent districts, with 56,947 people per district (2020 census). In the current legislative session, the Republican Party holds 34 seats while the Democratic Party holds 18 seats, creating a Republican trifecta in the state government.

The Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions, and boards and can create and amend bills.
2012 Clydesdale Bank 40
The 2012 Clydesdale Bank 40 tournament was the third season of the ECB 40 limited overs cricket competition for the English and Welsh first-class counties. In addition to the 18 counties, Scotland and the Netherlands took part, as well as the Unicorns, a team of players who did not have first-class contracts.

The competition consisted of three groups of seven teams, from which the top team from each group, plus the best second-placed team, progressed to the semi-finals. The groups were allocated randomly.

ECB40
The ECB40, last known as the Yorkshire Bank 40 (YB40) for sponsorship reasons, was a forty-over limited overs cricket competition for the English first-class counties. It began in the 2010 English cricket season as a replacement for the Pro40 and Friends Provident Trophy competitions. Yorkshire Bank were the last sponsors, taking over the naming rights from their parent company Clydesdale Bank for the 2013 edition. Warwickshire won the inaugural tournament. The competition was replaced by a 50-over tournament, to bring the domestic game in line with the international game from 2014 on—the Royal London One-Day Cup.
Saidapet
Saidapet, also known as Saidai, is a neighbourhood in Chennai, India, situated in the northern banks of the Adyar River and serves as an entry point to Central Chennai. It is surrounded by West Mambalam in the North, C.I.T Nagar in the North-East, Nandanam in the East, Guindy in the South, Jafferkhanpet and Ashok Nagar in the North-West. The Saidapet Court, the only other court of judicature in Chennai city apart from the Madras High Court, and the Saidapet bus depot are located here. Prior to its incorporation in Madras city, Saidapet functioned as the administrative headquarters of Chingleput district. The neighbourhood is served by Saidapet railway station of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network.

Saidapet was occupied by the British East India Company and was made the administrative headquarters of Chingleput district. The health district in Chengalpet district is split into Saidapet hud and Kanchipuram hud. Panagal building which is a part of Saidapet is a famous landmark.

Ashok Nagar, Chennai
Ashok Nagar  is a residential locality situated at the southern part of Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It was established in 1964. At the heart of this colony, stands the Ashok Pillar. This four lion head stump, resembles the one erected by king Ashoka during the 3rd century BCE at Sanchi.

To promote this suburban locality, the Tamil Nadu Housing Board constructed flats during the 1970s for middle-income group, covering an area of 7 sq km including the neighbourhood of K. K. Nagar. The next major infrastructure was shopping complex constructed near Pillar in 1974. Banks, Ration shop, grocery stores, urban development office started functioning here. Followed by it was inauguration of Anna Community hall and sports club. In the early 1980s, Udhayam Theatre complex and ESI hospital emerged. Later more government schools and additional facilities were added.
Non-photochemical quenching
Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is a mechanism employed by plants and algae to protect themselves from the adverse effects of high light intensity.  It involves the quenching of singlet excited state chlorophylls (Chl) via enhanced internal conversion to the ground state (non-radiative decay), thus harmlessly dissipating excess excitation energy as heat through molecular vibrations. NPQ occurs in almost all photosynthetic eukaryotes (algae and plants), and helps to regulate and protect photosynthesis in environments where light energy absorption exceeds the capacity for light utilization in photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Allison Pantuso
Allison Danielle Pantuso (born June 30, 1997) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a center back for USL Super League club Lexington SC.  Pantuso played college soccer for the Oregon State Beavers before starting her professional career overseas, playing for European clubs FF Lugano, Issy, KuPS, and IFK Kalmar. She has also previously played for Brooklyn FC.

Paris SO Cœur
Paris SO Cœur, formerly known as FF Issy and GPSO 92 Issy, is a French women's football based in Issy-les-Moulineaux, founded in 1997 as EuroPeru (French: EuroPérou). The club currently competes in Ligue de Paris-Île-de-France de football Régional 1 Féminine, the fourth-tier of women's football in France.
154th Regiment (United States)
The 154th Regiment (Regional Training Institute) ("Third Arkansas") is a training regiment/institute of the Army National Guard. Most of its history before the 1990s can be traced to the 154th Infantry Regiment which was created from the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 3rd Arkansas Infantry Regiment, Arkansas National Guard, in 1917.  The Regiment was activated as for World War I, re-designated as the 154th Infantry and shipped to France as a part of the 39th Infantry Division, but became a replacement regiment and its personnel were reassigned to other American Expeditionary Force (AEF) units.

The 154th Infantry Regiment was never reactivated in the Arkansas National Guard following World War I. However, by 1999, it had been reformed as a Regiment (Regional Training Institute) of the Mississippi Army National Guard.

39th Infantry Division (United States)
The 39th Infantry Division (Delta Division) was an infantry formation of the Army National Guard, originally formed as the 18th Division in 1917. The division consisted of troops from Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. After training at Camp Beauregard, Louisiana, the division was deployed to France but did not see combat before the end of World War I. In July 1923 the division was re-designated as the 31st Infantry Division. The 39th Infantry Division was reactivated after World War II with troops from Louisiana and Arkansas and its headquarters in Louisiana. In 1967, the 39th Infantry Division was reorganized to become the 39th Infantry Brigade (Separate). Its headquarters was in Little Rock and the unit consisted entirely of troops from Arkansas.
Alice Tay
Alice Erh-Soon Tay AM FASSA (1934–2004) was an Australian academic lawyer, an eminent jurisprudence and comparative law scholar. She was president of the Australian Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission from 1998 to 2003.

Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia
The Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (ASSA) is an independent, non-governmental organisation devoted to the advancement of knowledge and research in the social sciences. It has its origins in the Social Science Research Council of Australia, founded in 1942.

The Academy was established in 1971 to recognise and champion excellence in the social sciences and to provide evidence-based advice on a range of social policy issues.

The Academy consists of an elected Fellowship of almost 700 distinguished Australian social science researchers and professionals who work together to:

Provide advice to governments on issues of national importance;

Promote understanding and awareness of the social sciences; and

Coordinate international cooperation and collaboration in the social sciences.
Tawny-flanked prinia
The tawny-flanked prinia (Prinia subflava)  is a small passerine bird belonging to the genus Prinia in the family Cisticolidae, a family of Old World warblers. It is widespread and common in most parts of Africa south of the Sahara. The plain prinia (P. inornata) of southern Asia was formerly included in this species but is now usually considered to be a separate species.

Prinia
Prinia is a genus of small insectivorous birds belonging to the passerine bird family Cisticolidae. They were at one time classed in the Old World warbler family, Sylviidae.

The prinias are sometimes referred to as wren-warblers. They are a little-known group of the tropical and subtropical Old World, the roughly thirty species being divided fairly equally between Africa and Asia.

These are birds mainly of open habitats such as long grass or scrub, in which they are not easily seen. They are mainly resident, migration being limited to local cold weather movements. Non-breeding birds may form small flocks.

Prinias have short wings but long tapering tails. They are fairly drab birds, brown or grey above (sometimes with dark streaks) and whitish below. Some species have different breeding and non-breeding plumages. The bill is a typical insectivore's, thin and slightly curved.
Thomas E. Drew
Major General (Vermont) Thomas E. Drew (born August 8, 1950) was the adjutant general of the State of Vermont.  In this post he served as the senior uniformed military officer in the state, and was responsible for the organization, training and equipping of the 4,000 members of the Vermont Army and Air National Guard.  As adjutant general, he also served as inspector general, quartermaster general and head of the State Military Department, including veterans affairs.

Vermont National Guard
The Vermont National Guard is composed of the Vermont Army National Guard and the Vermont Air National Guard. Together, they are collectively known as the Green Mountain Boys. Both units use the original Revolutionary War-era Flag of the Green Mountain Boys as their banner. In 2009, they had 2,600 members.
Mathias Beche
Mathias Beche Aussel (born 28 June 1986 in Geneva) is a Swiss-French professional racing driver who currently competes in the European Le Mans Series for Richard Mille by TDS. He is a former ELMS champion in the LMP2 class, as well as an LMP1-L champion and overall race winner in the FIA World Endurance Championship for Rebellion Racing.

European Le Mans Series
The European Le Mans Series (abbreviated as ELMS) is a European sports car racing endurance series inspired by the 24 Hours of Le Mans race organized by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO).  The European Le Mans Series is similar to the former American Le Mans Series (ALMS) based in the United States and Canada that was running with ACO and IMSA between 1999 and 2013.  ELMS team champions and runners-up receive an automatic entry to the following year's 24 Hours of Le Mans.  Originally titled the Le Mans Endurance Series before becoming simply the Le Mans Series in 2006, the series was renamed once more in 2012, reusing a name previously utilized by IMSA in 2001.
2019 FFA Cup final
The 2019 FFA Cup final was the sixth final of the FFA Cup (now known as the Australia Cup), Australia's main soccer cup competition and the final match of the 2019 FFA Cup. The match was contested between Adelaide United and Melbourne City, and was held at Coopers Stadium, home of Adelaide United. Hosts Adelaide United defeated Melbourne City by four goals to nil, recording their third FFA Cup title and second in succession.

The match was broadcast live on Fox Sports.

2018 FFA Cup final
The 2018 FFA Cup final was the fifth final of the FFA Cup (now known as the Australia Cup), Australia's main soccer cup competition. The match was contested between Adelaide United and Sydney FC, in a rematch of the 2017 FFA Cup Final which Sydney FC won. Coopers Stadium in Adelaide hosted the game.

The match was broadcast live on Fox Sports.
WMOS
WMOS (102.3 FM, "102.3 The Wolf") is a classic rock radio station licensed to Stonington, Connecticut, serving southeastern Connecticut and southwestern Rhode Island. The station is owned and operated by Cumulus Media and is "powered by Mohegan Sun", the casino in Uncasville. It broadcasts at 102.3 MHz with 3 kilowatts ERP from a tower located in Westerly, Rhode Island, and is partially simulcast on 106.3 WWKX in Woonsocket, Rhode Island.

On March 17, 2008, WMOS changed its frequency from 104.7 FM to 102.3 FM, swapping frequencies with sister station WXLM.

Cumulus Media
Cumulus Media, Inc. is a broadcasting company of the United States and is the second largest owner and operator of AM and FM radio stations in the United States ahead of Audacy and behind iHeartMedia. As of June 2019, Cumulus lists ownership of 428 stations in 87 media markets. It also owns and operates Westwood One. Its headquarters are located in Atlanta, Georgia. Its subsidiaries include Cumulus Broadcasting LLC, Cumulus Licensing LLC and Broadcast Software International Inc.
Fang Xiaoyu
Fang Xiaoyu (Chinese: 方晓宇; July 1952 – May 13, 2010) was a Chinese politician and geophysicist who served as executive vice governor of Hainan Province and a member of the Standing Committee of the Hainan Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). He was a delegate to the 9th National People's Congress and a representative to the 16th and 17th National Congresses of the CCP.

Hainan Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The Hainan Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party is the provincial committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Hainan, China, and the province's top authority. The committee secretary is the highest ranking post in the province. The current secretary is Feng Fei.
Tsotne Kapanadze
Tsotne Kapanadze (Georgian: ცოტნე კაპანაძე; born 30 August 2001) is a Georgian professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Slovak Super Liga club Dunajska Streda.

Kapanadze is the Georgian champion and cup winner with Iberia 1999. Individually, he was included in the 2024 Erovnuli Liga Team of the Year.

FC DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda
FC DAC 1904 is a Slovak professional football club based in Dunajská Streda which competes in the Slovak First Football League. In the 2007–08 season, they were the west group champions of the Slovak Third League. In the 2008–09 season, after merging with FC Senec, they entered the top division. The club is strongly associated with and supported by the Hungarian minority in Slovakia.
Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney
Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney, PC (24 February 1733 – 30 June 1800) was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1754 to 1783 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Sydney. He held several important Cabinet posts in the second half of the 18th century. The cities of Sydney in Nova Scotia, Canada, and Sydney in New South Wales, Australia were named in his honour, in 1785 and 1788, respectively.

Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham
Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (13 May 1730 – 1 July 1782), styled The Honourable Charles Watson-Wentworth before 1739, Viscount Higham between 1739 and 1746, Earl of Malton between 1746 and 1750, and the Marquess of Rockingham from 1750, was a British Whig statesman and magnate, most notable for his two terms as Prime Minister of Great Britain. He became the patron of many Whigs, known as the Rockingham Whigs, and served as a leading Whig grandee. He served in only two high offices during his lifetime (prime minister and leader of the House of Lords) but was nonetheless very influential during his one and a half years of service.
Murders of Hattie Mae Cohens and Brian Mock
On September 26, 1992, Hattie Mae Cohens and Brian Mock were killed by a firebomb attack at their apartment in Salem, Oregon.

As Cohens was a lesbian, and Mock was gay, the attack was seen by the Salem LGBTQ community as motivated by homophobia which had been encouraged by advocates of Ballot Measure 9. Four white supremacist skinheads, aged 19 to 22, were arrested in connection with the killings, and charged with murder, aggravated murder, assault, arson, and intimidation; during the trial, one pleaded guilty to aggravated murder, one was acquitted of all charges, and two were found guilty of murder, assault, arson, and racial intimidation.

1992 Oregon Ballot Measure 9
Oregon Ballot Measure 9 was a 1992 ballot initiative concerning LGBTQ rights in the state of Oregon.
Sponsored by the Christian conservative group Oregon Citizens Alliance (OCA), the measure sought to amend the Oregon Constitution to prohibit anti-discrimination laws regarding sexual orientation and to declare homosexuality to be "abnormal, wrong, unnatural, and perverse".
Listing homosexuality alongside pedophilia and sadism and masochism, it has been described as one of the harshest anti-gay measures presented to voters in American history.: 6

The initiative was defeated by 56 percent to 44 percent in the 1992 general election.
The OCA went on to successfully sponsor similar anti-LGBTQ initiatives in municipalities across Oregon.
These local measures were later overruled by the state legislature.
Opposition to Measure 9 was an early victory for the LGBTQ movement in the United States.
Robert A. Cathey
Robert Andrew Cathey is an American theologian and professor emeritus of theology at McCormick Theological Seminary in Chicago, Illinois.

He is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church and has worked in the areas of ecumenical and interfaith dialogue, Christian theological education, and the academic study of postliberal and interreligious theology.

His scholarly work has appeared in academic and theological journals, including Studies in Christian-Jewish Relation, Modern Theology, The Review of Metaphysics, Interpretation, Ars Disputandi, Currents in Theology and Mission, Ecumenical Trends and McCormick Notes.

McCormick Theological Seminary
McCormick Theological Seminary is a private Presbyterian seminary in Chicago, Illinois.

As of 2023, it shares a campus with the Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago and Catholic Theological Union, in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. A letter of intent was signed on May 5, 2022, to sell the formerly shared campus with the Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago to the University of Chicago. The agreement allows the two seminaries to lease back facilities on the campus. Although it primarily serves the Presbytery of Chicago and the Synod of Lincoln Trails, McCormick Theological Seminary also educates members of other Christian denominations.
Thousand Character Classic in Cursive Script by Zhao Ji
Thousand Character Classic in Cursive Script (赵佶草书千字文; Zhàojí cǎoshū qiān zì wén)  is a notable calligraphy scroll purportedly crafted by Emperor Huizong Zhao Ji in the fourth year of the Xuanhe era of the Song dynasty (1122 AD). The scroll measures 31.5 centimeters in height and 1172 centimeters in width, crafted on an exclusively made palace paper known as "Yunlong Jinjian" (云龙金笺纸), distinguished by hand-drawn cloud and dragon patterns with gold powder on white hemp paper. The scroll stretches over 10 feet in length without any seams. The back of the calligraphy scroll bears the seal of "Imperial Calligraphy" (御书) and a monogram (花押) devised and utilized by Zhao Ji. Currently, it is housed in the Liaoning Provincial Museum.

Huaya
Huaya ("flower seal"; Chinese: 花押; pinyin: Huā Yā; Korean: 화압, romanized: Hwaap; Japanese: 花押, romanized: Kaō, Vietnamese: hoa áp, chữ Hán: 花押) are stylized signatures or marks used in East Asian cultures in place of a fully written signature. Originating from China, the huaya was historically used by prominent figures such as government officials, monks, artists, and craftsmen. The use of stamp seals gradually replaced the huaya, though they are still used occasionally in modern times by important people.
Fourier–Bros–Iagolnitzer transform
In mathematics, the FBI transform or Fourier–Bros–Iagolnitzer transform is a generalization of the Fourier transform developed by the French mathematical physicists Jacques Bros and Daniel Iagolnitzer in order to characterise the local analyticity of functions (or distributions) on Rn. The transform provides an alternative approach to analytic wave front sets of distributions, developed independently by the Japanese mathematicians Mikio Sato, Masaki Kashiwara and Takahiro Kawai in their approach to microlocal analysis. It can also be used to prove the analyticity of solutions of analytic elliptic partial differential equations as well as a version of the classical uniqueness theorem, strengthening the Cauchy–Kowalevski theorem, due to the Swedish mathematician Erik Albert Holmgren (1872–1943).

Elliptic partial differential equation
In mathematics, an elliptic partial differential equation is a type of partial differential equation (PDE). In mathematical modeling, elliptic PDEs are frequently used to model steady states, unlike parabolic and hyperbolic PDEs, which generally model phenomena that change in time. The canonical examples of elliptic PDEs are Laplace's equation and Poisson's equation. Elliptic PDEs are also important in pure mathematics, where they are fundamental to various fields of research such as differential geometry and optimal transport.
Bailey-Salgado Project
The Bailey-Salgado Project (often abbreviated to BSP) is an audiovisual ensemble formed in 2010 by musician and composer Tom Bailey (Thompson Twins/Babble, International Observer) and astronomer and visual artist José Francisco Salgado. They combine music with photography, video, and motion graphics to create multimedia works that have as a subject the physical world. Their first work together, a short film entitled Sidereal Motion, was previewed in Bath, England in October 2010.

Thompson Twins
Thompson Twins were an English pop band, formed in 1977 in Sheffield. Initially a new wave group, they switched to a more mainstream pop sound and achieved considerable popularity during the early and mid-1980s, scoring a string of hits in the United Kingdom, the United States, and around the world. In 1993, they changed their name to Babble, to reflect their change in music from pop to dub-influenced chill-out. They continued as Babble until 1996, at which point the group permanently broke up.

The band's name was based on the two bumbling detectives Thomson and Thompson (who are close doubles, not twins) in the English-language version of The Adventures of Tintin (Les aventures de Tintin). At various stages they had up to seven members, but their best known line-up was as a trio from 1982 to 1986. The band became a prominent act in the US during the Second British Invasion, and in 1985 performed at Live Aid in Philadelphia, where they were joined on stage by Madonna.