hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lower Se San 2 Dam
The Lower Se San 2 Dam (also: Lower Sesan 2 Dam and Han Se San 2 Dam) is a hydroelectric dam on the Se San River in Stung Treng Province, northeastern Cambodia. The Se San River is a major tributary of the Mekong River. The dam site is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of the provincial capital, also named Stung Treng. The first turbine began producing electricity in November 2017. The dam was officially opened on December 18, 2018.

Mekong
The Mekong or Mekong River (UK: /miːˈkɒŋ/ mee-KONG, US: /ˌmeɪˈkɔːŋ/ may-KAWNG) is a transboundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It is the world's twelfth-longest river and the third-longest in Asia with an estimated length of 4,909 km (3,050 mi) and a drainage area of 795,000 km2 (307,000 sq mi), discharging 475 km3 (114 cu mi) of water annually. From its headwaters in the Tibetan Plateau, the river runs through Southwest China (where it is officially called the Lancang River), Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and southern Vietnam. The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult, though the river remains a major trade route between Tibet and Southeast Asia. The construction of hydroelectric dams along the Mekong in the 2000s through the 2020s has caused serious problems for the river's ecosystem, including the exacerbation of drought.
Pragyan (Chandrayaan-2)
Pragyan (from Sanskrit: prajñāna, lit. 'wisdom') is a lunar rover that forms part of Chandrayaan-2, a lunar mission developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The rover was launched as part of Chandrayaan-2 on 22 July 2019 and was destroyed with its lander, Vikram, when it crashed on the Moon on 6 September 2019.

In July 2023, Chandrayaan-3 launched, carrying new versions of Vikram and Pragyan, which successfully landed near the lunar south pole on 23 August 2023.

Lunar south pole
The lunar south pole is the southernmost point on the Moon. It is of interest to scientists because of the occurrence of water ice in permanently shadowed areas around it. The lunar south pole region features craters that are unique in that the near-constant sunlight does not reach their interior. Such craters are cold traps that contain fossil records of hydrogen, water ice, and other volatiles dating from the early Solar System. In contrast, the lunar north pole region exhibits a much lower quantity of similarly sheltered craters.
Aliza Magen
Aliza Magen (Hebrew: עליזה מגן‎; 5 July 1937 – 14 April 2025) was an Israeli intelligence officer. She served in the Mossad, Israel's national intelligence agency, for over 40 years from 1958 to 1999, participating in hundreds of covert operations, including Operation Damocles, Operation Diamond, and Operation Wrath of God.

In 1990, she was named the Mossad's deputy director, becoming the highest-ranking woman in the agency's history. She served in this position under three Mossad directors until her retirement in 1999.

Operation Diamond
Operation Diamond (Hebrew: מִבְצָע יַהֲלוֹם, Mivtza Yahalom) was an operation undertaken by Mossad. Its goal was the acquisition of a Soviet-built Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21, the most advanced Soviet fighter plane at that time. The operation began in mid-1963 and ended on August 16, 1966, when an Iraqi Air Force MiG-21, flown by the Iraqi Assyrian defector Munir Redfa, landed at an air base in Israel. Israel and the United States were able to study the design of the plane.
Sweat test
The sweat test measures the concentration of chloride that is excreted in sweat. It is used to screen for cystic fibrosis (CF). Due to defective chloride channels (CFTR), the concentration of chloride in sweat is elevated in individuals with CF.

Chloride channel
Chloride channels are a superfamily of poorly understood ion channels specific for chloride. These channels may conduct many different ions, but are named for chloride because its concentration in vivo is much higher than other anions. Several families of voltage-gated channels and ligand-gated channels (e.g., the CaCC families) have been characterized in humans.

Voltage-gated chloride channels perform numerous crucial physiological and cellular functions, such as controlling pH, volume homeostasis, transporting organic solutes, regulating cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Based on sequence homology the chloride channels can be subdivided into a number of groups.
Bill Young (cycling)
William John Robert Young MBE AM (1905 – 21 May 1994) was an Australian sports administrator particularly in the sport of cycling. He was Chair of Australian Commonwealth Games Association and managed Australian teams at the Olympic Games and Commonwealth Games.

Commonwealth Games Australia
Commonwealth Games Australia (CGA) is the Commonwealth Games Association for Australia, and is responsible for representing and promoting the Commonwealth Sport movement in the country, and organises the participation of athletes at the Commonwealth Games and Commonwealth Youth Games.  It changed it name from the Australian Commonwealth Games Association to Commonwealth Games Australia in 2015. The Commonwealth Games have been held in Australia five times, most recently the 2018 Commonwealth Games were held on the Gold Coast, Queensland.
The Proclamation of the Gates
The Proclamation of the Gates was an order issued in 1842 by Lord Ellenborough, then the Governor-General of Britain's territories in India, during the Battle of Kabul. This order demanded that the troops to bring back gates from Ghazni that Mahmud allegedly took after his destruction of the Somnath temple some 800 years earlier and had it installed as the doors of his mausoleum. This allegation was later found to be false. The basis for the order are unclear, as neither Turko-Persian sources nor Indic sources mention any such gates. According to Romila Thapar, "if there were any gates at all" anywhere, they "might have been some fort gates". The order, states Thapar, is best seen as an example of how "colonial intervention in India" was viewed in the 1840s, or possibly a demand from the Sikh emperor Ranjit Singh for helping the British in their Kabul campaign.

Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough
Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough (8 September 1790 – 22 December 1871), was a British Tory politician. He was four times President of the Board of Control and also served as Governor-General of India between 1842 and 1844.
Jelbang
Jelbang, also known as Jelbang,  is a name of Nepalese village in Rolpa District of the Lumbini Province, and is situated at the Southern Part of the Jaljala Mountain. 2021 Nepal census it had a population of 3037 people living in 568 individual households. The town is populated by Magars.

Magars
The Magars, also spelled Mangar and Mongar, are the Tibeto-Burman ethnic group native to Nepal and Northeast India, representing 6.9% of Nepal's total population according to the 2021 Nepal census. They are one of the main Gurkha tribes.

The first home of the Magars was to the west of the Gandaki River and, roughly speaking, consisted of that portion of Nepal which lies between and around about Gulmi, Arghakhanchi, and Palpa.
This part of the country was divided into twelve districts known as Bahra Magarat (Confederation of Twelve Magar villages), which included the following regions of that period: Argha, Khanchi, Bhirkot, Dhor, Garhung, Ghiring, Gulmi, Isma, Musikot, Rising, Satung, and Pyung.
During the medieval period, the whole area from Palpa to Rukum Rolpa was called the Magarat, a place settled and inhabited by Magars.
Another confederation of eighteen Magar kingdoms, known as Athara Magarat, also existed and was originally inhabited by Kham Magars.
International Business Initiatives
International Business Initiatives (IBI) is an American economic development and public financial management consulting firm based in Arlington, Virginia. It has completed projects throughout the developing world. Its main client is the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).

It is best known for its implementation of the Governance and Economic Management Assistance Program (GEMAP) in Liberia from 2005-2010, its implementation of a follow-on project called the Governance and Economic Management Support (GEMS) project, and its recognition as USAID’s 2015 Small Business of the Year. It uses performance improvement methodologies to design and implement Information and Communications Technology solutions adapted to local conditions.

Governance and Economic Management Assistance Program
The Governance and Economic Management Assistance Program (GEMAP) is an effort, started September 2005, by the Liberian government and the international community, via the International Contact Group on Liberia (ICGL) to reshape the fundamentally broken system of governance that contributed to 23 years of conflict in Liberia.
Kanysh Satbayev
Kanysh Imantayuli Satbayev (11 April 1899 – 31 January 1964) was a Kazakh professor, geologist and one of the founders of Soviet metallogeny (specifically the Kazakhstani school) and the principal advocate and first president of Kazakhstan Academy of Sciences.

He was a doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences (1942), Professor (1950), Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR (1946), member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1946), and the first president of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR. He is famous as the geologist who discovered the Ulutau-Dzhezkazgan copper deposit that was, at the time, amongst the largest copper reserves discovered.

Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union
The Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union was the highest scientific institution of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1991. It united the country's leading scientists and was subordinated directly to the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (until 1946 the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union).

In 1991, by the decree of the President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Russian Academy of Sciences was established on the basis of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
Otto Tschudi
Otto Victor Tschudi Jr. (born 22 January 1949) is a Norwegian alpine skier best known for success in the American NCAA Skiing Championships and World Pro Skiing ski racing circuits. He participated at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble and at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo, and achieved four top-ten results in World Cup slalom races. Between 1970 and 1972 he won five individual NCAA championships for the University of Denver Pioneers ski team while the team won two team championships. After the Sapporo Olympics Tschudi competed for eight seasons on the World Pro Skiing Tour, leading the Rossignol international team. He served as president of the Professional Ski Racers Association and as director of skiing at Winter Park Resort in Colorado. Tschudi later joined the financial-service firm Montgomery Securities in San Francisco, and rose to become a partner and managing director of international sales at Thomas Weisel Partners (now Stifel Financial).

1968 Winter Olympics
The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (French: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 18 February 1968 in Grenoble, France. Thirty-seven countries participated.

The 1968 Winter Games marked the first time the IOC permitted East and West Germany to enter separately, and the first time the IOC ordered drug and gender testing of competitors.

Norway won the most gold and overall medals, the first time since the 1952 Winter Olympics that the Soviet Union did not top the medal table by both parameters.
Aminata Namasia
Aminata Namasia Bazego (born March 10, 1993, in Dingila) is a politician and member of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Parliament, appointed Deputy Minister of Primary, Secondary and Technical Education since April 2021.

Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
4°19′56″S 15°18′11″E﻿ / ﻿4.3322°S 15.3031°E﻿ / -4.3322; 15.3031

The Parliament of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (French: Parlement de la République Démocratique du Congo) is the legislative branch of the Congolese government. It consists of two chambers:

The Senate (Upper Chamber)

The National Assembly (Lower Chamber)

The most recent Parliament was inaugurated on January 28, 2019.
Mr Rutland
Mr Rutland, formally known by his ring number of 03(97), was a male osprey who was born in Scotland in 1997 and nested every summer near Rutland Water, England, from 1999 to 2015.

Having been extinct in England since the 1840s, ospreys were re-introduced to the country from 1996 by the Rutland Osprey project, which translocated birds from Scotland to Rutland Water. Mr Rutland was born in Scotland in 1997 and was translocated to Rutland Water that summer, part of the second batch of ospreys introduced to England. Having built his nest in 2000, Mr Rutland bred for the first time in 2001, raising a single chick with an unringed female at a nest on private land, close to the reservoir. He continued to breed every year up to 2014. By 2015, he had migrated in excess of 100,000 miles (160,000 km). He failed to return in 2016 at the age of 18.

Osprey
The osprey (/ˈɒspri, -preɪ/; Pandion haliaetus), historically known as sea hawk, river hawk, and fish hawk, is a diurnal, fish-eating bird of prey with a cosmopolitan range. It is a large raptor, reaching more than 60 cm (24 in) in length and a wingspan of 180 cm (71 in). It is brown on the upperparts and predominantly greyish on the head and underparts.

The osprey tolerates a wide variety of habitats, nesting in any location near a body of water providing an adequate food supply. It is found on all continents except Antarctica, although in South America it occurs only as a non-breeding migrant.

As its other common names suggest, the osprey's diet consists almost exclusively of fish. It possesses specialised physical characteristics and unique behaviour in hunting its prey. Because of its unique characteristics it is classified in its own taxonomic genus, Pandion, and family, Pandionidae.
Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire
Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire, PC (30 May 1718 – 7 October 1793), known as the 2nd Viscount Hillsborough from 1742 to 1751 and as the 1st Earl of Hillsborough from 1751 to 1789, was a British politician of the Georgian era.

Best known in North America as the Earl of Hillsborough, he served as Secretary of State for the Colonies from 1768 to 1772, a critical period leading toward the American War of Independence.

Secretary of State for the Colonies
The secretary of state for the colonies or colonial secretary was the Cabinet of the United Kingdom's minister in charge of managing certain parts of the British Empire.

The colonial secretary never had responsibility for the provinces and princely states of India, which had its own secretary of state.

From 1768 until 1966, the secretary of state was supported by an under-secretary of state for the colonies (at times an under-secretary of state for war and the colonies), and latterly by a minister of state.
Tiger Hattori
Masao Hattori (服部正男, Hattori Masao; born July 20, 1945), known as Tiger Hattori (タイガー服部, Tāiga Hattori) is a Japanese retired professional wrestler, referee and manager, best known for his work as a referee in New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). Hattori is currently the foreign liaison officer of NJPW.

Hattori has been active in pro wrestling since the 1970s; he is one of the longest tenured members of the New Japan roster, having made his first appearance in 1982. He has also worked for other companies, including Japan Pro Wrestling, Fighting of World Japan Pro Wrestling, and Pro Wrestling Noah. Hattori retired from refereeing on February 19, 2020.

Fighting of World Japan Pro Wrestling
Fighting of World Japan Pro Wrestling, also known as Fighting World of Japan Pro Wrestling and frequently shortened to World Japan or WJ was a professional wrestling promotion formed in Japan in 2002 by former New Japan Pro-Wrestling employees Riki Choshu and Katsuji Nagashima, who also served as chairmen along with Tomohiro Ishii.
Thiruvananthapuram North–Indore Weekly Express
The 20931 / 20932 Thiruvananthapuram North–Indore Weekly Express is a weekly express train of the Indian Railways,running between Thiruvananthapuram North railway station, the capital city of Kerala and Indore Junction BG railway station of Indore, the largest city and commercial capital of Madhya Pradesh.  It is currently being operated with 20931/20932 train numbers on a weekly basis.

Thiruvananthapuram North railway station
Thiruvananthapuram North Railway Station (station code: TVCN), formerly Kochuveli railway station (old station code: KCVL),  is an NSG–3 category Indian railway station in Thiruvananthapuram railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a satellite passenger railway station of Thiruvananthapuram. It is being developed to ease congestion at Thiruvananthapuram Central.

Some trains presently operating from Thiruvananthapuram Central, including the Sabari Express, will commence the journey from Thiruvananthapuram North railway station once the station is completely developed. Thiruvananthapuram North railway station also caters to special trains during busy seasons. The trains connect this station to cities like New Delhi, Amritsar, Chandigarh, Rishikesh, Hubli, Bengaluru, Mangaluru, Mysuru, Madgaon, Bhavnagar, Porbandar, Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Indore, Surat, Nilambur, Jodhpur, Sri Ganganagar and Nagercoil.
Nagatinsky constituency
The Nagatinsky constituency (No.201) is a Russian legislative constituency in Moscow. The constituency covers inner parts of Southern, South-Western and South-Eastern Moscow.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Svetlana Razvorotneva, Member of Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation and housing advocate, who won the open seat, succeeding five-term United Russia incumbent Yelena Panina.

South-Eastern Administrative Okrug
South-Eastern Administrative Okrug (Russian: Ю́го-Восто́чный администрати́вный о́круг, romanized: Yugo-Vostochny administrativny okrug), or Yugo-Vostochny Administrative Okrug, is one of the twelve high-level territorial divisions (administrative okrugs) of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,318,885, up from 1,109,121 recorded during the 2002 Census.
Alphonse Roy Lejk
Alphonse Roy "Al" Lejk (February 12, 1911 – July 28, 1995) was an American politician who served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1949 to 1953, representing the 2nd legislative district of Minnesota in the 56th and 57th Minnesota Legislatures.

Minnesota Legislature
The Minnesota Legislature is the bicameral legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota, composed of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The legislature originally met at the old Territorial Capitol in Saint Paul and now convenes at the Minnesota State Capitol. The Senate consists of 67 seats, the House 134 seats and the legislators serve without term limits.

The legislature meets between January and the first Monday following the third Saturday in May each year, not to exceed 120 legislative days per biennium. Floor sessions are held in the Minnesota State Capitol in Saint Paul.

In the 94th Legislature (2025-2026) the Democratic-Farmer-Labor (DFL) Party controls the Senate with 34 of the 67 seats and the House evenly split between the DFL and Republicans, with both parties holding 67 of the 134 seats.
Kværner process
The Kværner process or the Kværner carbon black and hydrogen process (CB&H) is a method of producing carbon black and hydrogen gas from hydrocarbons such as methane, natural gas and biogas with no greenhouse gas pollution. The process was developed in the 1980s by the Norwegian engineering firm Kværner, and was first commercially exploited in 1999. Further refinement enabled the methane pyrolysis process for implementation at high-volume and low-cost.

Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis (/paɪˈrɒlɪsɪs/; from Ancient Greek  πῦρ (pûr) 'fire' and  λύσις (lúsis) 'separation') is a process involving the separation of covalent bonds in organic matter by thermal decomposition within an inert environment without oxygen.
Jelena Lazarević
Jelena Lazarević (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Лазаревић; 1365/1366 – 1443), also known, by marriages, as Jelena Balšić or  Jelena Hranić or Jelena Kosača, was a medieval Serbian princess, daughter of Prince Lazar of Serbia and Princess Milica Nemanjić. She had a very strong personality and significantly influenced the way her husbands, first Đurađ II Balšić and second Sandalj Hranić Kosača, and her son Balša III governed their realms. Jelena encouraged them to resist Venetian encroachment on territory belonging to Zeta, the medieval state ruled by Đurađ II and, upon his death, by Balša III. She is also known as a writer in epistolary literature, particularly her correspondence with Nikon of Jerusalem, a monk in the Gorica Monastery on Lake Skadar (Montenegro). Her three epistles are part of the Gorički zbornik, a medieval manuscript collection.

Serbian nobility
Serbian nobility (Serbian: српска властела / srpska vlastela, српско властелинство / srpsko vlastelinstvo or српско племство / srpsko plemstvo) refers to the historical privileged order or class (aristocracy) of Serbia, that is, the medieval Serbian states, and after the Ottoman conquests of Serbian lands in the 15th and 16th centuries, Serbian noble families of the Kingdom of Hungary, Republic of Venice, and the Habsburg monarchy. Some Serbian families were also ennobled in Russian Empire. With the independence of Serbia in the 19th century, a new aristocracy (which however differs from the notion of nobility) arose.
Tide jewels
In Japanese mythology, the two tide jewels, named hirutama/kanju (干珠; "[tide-]ebbing jewel") and mitsutama/manju (満珠; "[tide-]flowing jewel"), were magical gems that the Sea God used to control the tides.

The earliest texts record an ancient myth that the Sea Deity (海神, Watatsumi) presented the tide jewels to his son-in-law Hoori aka Yamasachihiko (Prince Luck-of-the-Mountain).

Later Japanese writings refers to the tide jewels as being in the possession of the Dragon God (龍神, Ryūjin) or Dragon King or being housed in his Dragon Palace (龍宮, Ryūgū), where the myth of the loan of these jewels became attached to the conquest of Korea by Empress Jingū.

Ryūgū-jō
Ryūgū-jō (竜宮城, 龍宮城; lit. "Dragon Palace Castle") or Ryūgū (竜宮, 龍宮; lit. "Dragon Palace") is the supernatural undersea palace of Ryūjin or Dragon God in Japanese tradition.

It is best known as the place in fairytale where Urashima Tarō was invited after saving a turtle, where he was entertained by the Dragon God's princess Oto-hime and his minions. When Urashima returned to land after what he thought was a few days away, centuries had passed.