hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thiele tube
The Thiele tube, named after the German chemist Johannes Thiele, is a laboratory glassware designed to contain and heat an oil bath. Such a setup is commonly used in the determination of the melting point or boiling point of a substance. The apparatus resembles a glass test tube with an attached handle.

Test tube
A test tube, also known as a culture tube or sample tube, is a common piece of laboratory glassware consisting of a finger-like length or longer of glass or clear plastic tubing, open at the top and closed at the bottom.

Test tubes are usually placed in special-purpose racks.
Second siege of Porto Alegre
The second siege of Porto Alegre was a siege carried out by rebel forces during the Ragamuffin War in southern Brazil between March 1837 and February of 1838. It was the second out of three sieges to Porto Alegre, the capital of Rio Grande do Sul, during the conflict. Porto Alegre had been in Imperial hands ever since June 1836 (when it was recaptured).

After a long recovery period after the rebel defeat at the Battle of Fanfa, their commander Antônio de Sousa Neto marched towards the city with 1,400 men, and over the course of little less than a year assaulted the city several times, eventually being forced to withdraw by the defenders who were gradually reinforced.

Battle of Fanfa
The Battle of Fanfa, also known as Battle of Fanfa Island or the Betrayal of Fanfa, was one of the first battles of the Ragamuffin War, fought by loyalist Imperial forces under Bento Manuel Ribeiro, and Riograndense troops under Bento Gonçalves. It ended in a negotiated withdrawal for the rebel forces, who were meant to be allowed to leave the island unarmed, but in the end were imprisoned, including their leader Gonçalves.
Maria Guarnaschelli
Maria Guarnaschelli (née Maria Albano DiBenedetto; April 18, 1941 – February 6, 2021) was an American cookbook editor and publisher. In a career spanning five decades she worked with and groomed popular food authors including Rose Levy Beranbaum, Rick Bayless, Julie Sahni, Fuchsia Dunlop, J. Kenji López-Alt, and Judy Rodgers. Some of the notable cookbooks published by her included Classical Indian Cooking, All New All Purpose Joy of Cooking, The Food Lab, The Zuni Cafe Cookbook, and The Cake Bible. Her works were noted to have contributed to a change in how cookbooks were produced, and also credited with introducing American households and chefs to international cuisines beyond just European cuisines.

Rick Bayless
Rick Bayless (born November 23, 1953) is an American chef and restaurateur who specializes in traditional Mexican cuisine with modern interpretations. He is widely known for his PBS series Mexico: One Plate at a Time. Among his various accolades are a Michelin star, the title of Top Chef Masters, and seven James Beard Awards.
Ohio State Route 302
State Route 302 (SR 302) is a north-south (physically southeast-northwest) state highway in northeast Ohio, a U.S. state. State Route 302 has its southern terminus at a signalized intersection with State Route 83 in the city of Wooster.  The northern terminus of the highway is at a T-intersection with the concurrency of U.S. Route 250 and State Route 60 in the village of Savannah.

Ohio State Route 60
State Route 60 (SR 60) is a north–south state highway that runs the entire length of the U.S. state of Ohio, from the Williamstown Bridge over the Ohio River in Marietta to U.S. Route 6 (US 6) near Lake Erie in Vermilion. It is the seventh longest state route in Ohio.

Heading south from Vermilion, SR 60 traverses rural North Central Ohio while connecting Vermilion, New London, Ashland, and Loudonville.  South of Loudonville, SR 60 enters more hilly country, before entering the Muskingum River Valley at Dresden. It closely parallels the Muskingum River for the remainder of its journey to Marietta except for an eleven-mile (18 km) stretch in Morgan County where it moves inland to avoid bends in the river.

Markers for SR 60 are not posted south of the Greene Street/3rd Street intersection in Marietta. SR 60 is unsigned along SR 7 / Greene Street and the Williamstown Bridge approach.
1970 AFC Championship Game
The 1970 AFC Championship Game was the inaugural title game of the American Football Conference (AFC). Played on January 3, 1971, the game was hosted by the AFC East champion Baltimore Colts who played the AFC West champion Oakland Raiders at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland. Along with the 1970 NFC Championship Game played on the same day, this game constituted the penultimate round of the 1970–71 NFL playoffs which had followed the 1970 regular season of the National Football League.

Baltimore defeated Oakland 27–17 to earn the right to represent the AFC in Super Bowl V.

AFC Championship Game
The AFC Championship Game is the annual championship game of the American Football Conference (AFC) and one of the two semifinal playoff games of the National Football League (NFL), the largest professional American football league in the world. The game is played on the last Sunday in January by the two remaining playoff teams, following the AFC postseason's first two rounds. The AFC champion then advances to face the winner of the NFC Championship Game in the Super Bowl.

The game was established as part of the 1970 merger between the NFL and the American Football League (AFL), with the merged league realigning into two conferences. Since 1984, each winner of the AFC Championship Game has also received the Lamar Hunt Trophy, named after the founder of the AFL and founder and longtime owner of the Kansas City Chiefs, Lamar Hunt.
Gaming in Color
Gaming In Color is a documentary film by MidBoss about queer people in gaming. Directed by Philip Jones, Gaming In Color focuses on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) issues in video games, gaymer culture and events, and the rise of queer themes in gaming. The film is largely interview based, and features notable gay gaming personalities in the industry and communities.

George Skleres from Riot Games and Colleen Macklin star in the film, both of whom appeared at the GaymerX convention, a prominent topic.

GaymerX
GaymerX is an American public-benefit nonprofit corporation based in California dedicated to celebrating and supporting LGBTQ+ people and culture in the world of gaming, with a focus on video games. GaymerX puts on a fan-facing convention with LGBT-oriented gaming and geek culture, or gaymer, with panels primarily focused on LGBT issues and debates in the gaming industry.
Trochoidea (superfamily)
Trochoidea is a superfamily of small to very large vetigastropod sea snails with gills and an operculum. Species within this superfamily have nacre as the inner shell layer. The families within this superfamily include the Trochidae, the top snails. This superfamily is the largest vetigastropodan superfamily, containing more than 2,000 species.

Trochidae
The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles a toy spinning top.
Photomedicine
Photomedicine is an interdisciplinary branch of medicine that involves the study and application of light with respect to health and disease. Photomedicine may be related to the practice of various fields of medicine including dermatology, surgery, interventional radiology, optical diagnostics, cardiology, circadian rhythm sleep disorders and oncology.

A branch of photomedicine is light therapy in which bright light strikes the retinae of the eyes, used to treat circadian rhythm disorders and seasonal affective disorder (SAD).  The light can be sunlight or from a light box emitting white or blue (blue/green) light.

Light therapy
Light therapy, also called phototherapy or bright light therapy, is the exposure to direct sunlight or artificial light at controlled wavelengths in order to treat a variety of medical disorders, including seasonal affective disorder (SAD), circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, cancers, neonatal jaundice, and skin wound infections. Treating skin conditions such as neurodermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, and eczema with ultraviolet light is called ultraviolet light therapy.
Brussels tram route 81
The tram route 81 in Brussels, Belgium, is operated by STIB/MIVB, and connects the Marius Renard stop in the municipality of Anderlecht to the multimodal Montgomery metro station in Woluwe-Saint-Pierre. The route also crosses the municipalities of Saint-Gilles, Ixelles, the City of Brussels and Etterbeek. It offers transit with the Metro at Saint-Guidon/Sint Guido, Brussels-South (also railway), Merode (also railway) and Montgomery. The route also crosses the major tram routes 3 and 4 at Horta. A good deal of its length is in carriageway, while long sections at either end are in reservation. It has a short section in tunnel at Brussels-South.

Saint-Guidon metro station
Saint-Guidon (French, pronounced [sɛ̃ ɡidɔ̃]) or Sint-Guido (Dutch, pronounced [sɪnt ˈxiːdoː]) is a Brussels Metro station on the western branch of line 5. It is located in the municipality of Anderlecht, in the western part of Brussels, Belgium. The station received its name from the aboveground Collegiate Church of St. Peter and St. Guido, itself named after Saint Guy, the patron saint of Anderlecht.

The metro station opened on 6 October 1982 as part of the Beekkant–Saint-Guidon/Sint-Guido extension of former line 1B. Prior to the opening of an extension to Veeweyde/Veeweide on 5 July 1985, the station was the western terminus of the metro. On 10 January 1992, a further extension from Veeweyde westwards to Bizet was opened (further extended in 2003 to Erasme/Erasmus). Then, following the reorganisation of the Brussels Metro on 4 April 2009, it is served by the extended east–west line 5.
Mutukula, Tanzania
Mutukula, sometimes spelled as Mtukula, is a small town in Missenyi District, Kagera Region, in northwestern Tanzania, at the border with Uganda. Formerly, the settlement on the border was known as Kyebisagazi, and Mutukula was a kilometre to the south on the east side of the Masaka-Bukoba Road (B8).

Bukoba
Bukoba is a city with a population of 144,938 (2022 census), situated in the northwest of Tanzania on the south-western shores of Lake Victoria. It is the capital of the Kagera region, and the administrative seat for Bukoba Urban District.

The city is served by Bukoba Airport and regular ferry connections to and from Mwanza, as well as roads to Uganda's Rakai District for cross-border commuters. Plans are underway for a standard gauge railway to Uganda.
James Stuart, 1st Viscount Stuart of Findhorn
James Gray Stuart, 1st Viscount Stuart of Findhorn, CH, MVO, MC & Bar, PC (9 February 1897 – 20 February 1971) was a British Unionist politician. He was joint-Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury in Winston Churchill's war-time coalition government and later served as Secretary of State for Scotland under Churchill and then Sir Anthony Eden from 1951 to 1957. In 1959 he was elevated to the peerage as Viscount Stuart of Findhorn.

Order of the Companions of Honour
The Order of the Companions of Honour is an order of the Commonwealth realms. It was founded on 4 June 1917 by King George V as a reward for outstanding achievements. It was founded on the same date as the Order of the British Empire.

The order was originally intended to be conferred upon a limited number of persons for whom this special distinction seemed to be the most appropriate form of recognition, constituting an honour dissociated from either the acceptance of title or the classification of merit. It is now described as being "awarded for having a major contribution to the arts, science, medicine, or government lasting over a long period of time". The first recipients of the order were all decorated for "services in connection with the war" and were listed in The London Gazette.
AfroBasket 2013 qualification
The 2013 FIBA Africa Championship Qualification occurred on various dates between 8 July 2012 and 23 February 2013. It was used to determine which African national basketball teams would qualify for the 2013 FIBA Africa Championship. Teams competed with other teams in their respective "zones" for a spot in the Championship tournament.

AfroBasket 2013
AfroBasket 2013 was the 27th FIBA Africa Championship, played under the rules of FIBA, the world governing body for basketball, and the FIBA Africa thereof. The tournament was hosted by Ivory Coast from August 20 to 31, all games were played at the Palais des Sports de Treichville, Abidjan.

Angola defeated Egypt 57–40 in the final to win their eleventh title.

Considered one of the greatest sporting tournaments of all time, it solidified the Championship as one of the top competitions in world sport.
Numazu Domain
Numazu Domain (沼津藩, Numazu-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan located in Suruga Province.  It was centered on Numazu Castle in what is now the city of Numazu, in modern-day Shizuoka Prefecture.

Han system
Han (Japanese: 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Han or Bakufu-han (daimyo domain) served as a system of de facto administrative divisions of Japan alongside the de jure provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s.
Rachel Evans
Rachel Claire Evans FRSC FIMMM FLSW is a Welsh chemist based at the University of Cambridge and a fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge. She works on photoactive polymer-hybrid materials for solar devices, including organic photovoltaics and stimuli-responsive membranes.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) is one of the most prestigious awards conferred by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in the United Kingdom. Existing Fellows include award winning scientists and Nobel prize winners.
Amantea Castle
The Amantea Castle (formerly Regio castello di Amantea) is located in the town of the same name, in the province of Cosenza, in the lower Tyrrhenian Sea of Cosenza. Dominating the coastal road and the road to Cosenza that runs along the Catocastro River valley, it was once an important stronghold under the Byzantines, Arabs, Normans, Swabians, Angevins and Aragonese. It was restored in the viceregal period and under the Bourbons, but suffered severe damage during the earthquakes of 1638 and 1783; it was left in a state of neglect after the disastrous 1806-1807 siege suffered by Napoleonic troops.

Currently the castle is in ruins, and access to the remains on the hill overlooking the city is strenuous and dangerous. In 2008, ownership of the surrounding area was acquired by the City of Amantea.

1638 Calabrian earthquakes
A series of mainshocks struck Calabria on March 27–28 and June 9, 1638. The first three earthquakes had moment magnitudes estimated to be Mw 6.6–7.1. On June 9, another mainshock estimated at Mw  6.7 struck the same region, causing further damage and casualties. The four earthquakes resulted in as many as 30,000 fatalities.
Bispherical coordinates
Bispherical coordinates are a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system that results from rotating the two-dimensional bipolar coordinate system about the axis that connects the two foci.  Thus, the two foci  and  in bipolar coordinates remain points (on the -axis, the axis of rotation) in the bispherical coordinate system.

Orthogonal coordinates
In mathematics, orthogonal coordinates are defined as a set of d coordinates  in which the coordinate hypersurfaces all meet at right angles (note that superscripts are indices, not exponents). A coordinate surface for a particular coordinate qk is the curve, surface, or hypersurface on which qk is a constant. For example, the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) is an orthogonal coordinate system, since its coordinate surfaces x = constant, y = constant, and z = constant are planes that meet at right angles to one another, i.e., are perpendicular. Orthogonal coordinates are a special but extremely common case of curvilinear coordinates.
Kangaroo dog
The Kangaroo Dog, also colloquially known the Roo Dog or the Staghound, was created in the early 1800s from a foundation stock of primarily British colonial sighthounds. The initial breeds included in creating this type were the Greyhound and the Scottish Deerhound. Later accounts include introduction of the Borzoi, Saluki and other breeds.

The Kangaroo Dog is decidedly not a breed, but is instead classified as a type, with populations today primarily remaining in the hands of hunters who wish to preserve the functional utility of the Kangaroo Dog rather than dwell on factors such as standardization or ANKC recognition.

Greyhound
The English Greyhound, or simply the Greyhound, is a breed of dog and a sighthound. It is an ancient breed historically developed for hunting game by sight and speed, and has later been used in organised coursing and greyhound racing. Greyhounds are also kept as show dogs and companion animals.

Greyhounds are characterised by a tall, muscular, smooth-coated build, a long tail, tough feet, and a distinctive flexible, "S-shaped" outline typical of sighthounds. They are a distinct breed from other related sighthounds, such as the Italian greyhound.

The Greyhound's long legs, deep chest, flexible spine, and slim build enable high sprinting speeds. In racing contexts, greyhounds can reach peak speeds of at least 69 km/h (43 mph), with typical winning speeds of approximately 58–61 km/h (36–38 mph).
Iwakitaira Domain
Iwakitaira Domain (磐城平藩, Iwakitaira-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan., based at Iwakitaira Castle in southern Mutsu Province in what is now part of modern-day Iwaki, Fukushima.  Its southern neighbor was the Mito Domain which was ruled by the Mito Tokugawa clan, and its northern neighbor was the Nakamura Domain which was ruled by the Sōma clan. The han school was the Shiseidō (施政堂), founded by the Andō clan. The most famous culture created in the Iwakitaira Domain is the Jangara Nembutsu dance.

Han system
Han (Japanese: 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Han or Bakufu-han (daimyo domain) served as a system of de facto administrative divisions of Japan alongside the de jure provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s.
Østerdølen
Østerdølen (lit. 'the Østerdal Resident') is a local Norwegian newspaper published in Stor-Elvdal Municipality in Innlandet county.

The newspaper was established in August 1999 and is published once a week in Koppang. It covers events in the municipalities of Stor-Elvdal, Engerdal, Rendalen, and Åmot. The editor of the paper is Njaal Kværnes. Østerdølen received an award for having the best front page in 2001 in the competition Årets Forside (lit. 'Front Page of the Year').

Stor-Elvdal Municipality
Stor-Elvdal is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Østerdalen. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Koppang. Other villages in the municipality include Atna, Evenstad, and Sollia.

The 2,166-square-kilometre (836 sq mi) municipality is the 29th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Stor-Elvdal Municipality is the 267th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,250. The municipality's population density is 1 inhabitant per square kilometre (2.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 15.7% over the previous 10-year period.
Gandhidham–Jodhpur Express
The 22483 / 22484 Gandhidham–Jodhpur Express is a superfast train belonging to North Western Railway zone that runs between Gandhidham Junction and Jodhpur Junction in India. It is currently being operated with 22483/22484 train numbers on tri-weekly basis.

Jodhpur railway station
Jodhpur railway station (station code:- JU) is a major railway station located in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. The railway station is under the administrative control of North Western Railway of Indian Railways.
BBC Lifestyle
BBC Lifestyle is an international television channel wholly owned by BBC Studios. The channel provides six programming strands: Food, Home & Design, Fashion & Style, Health, Parenting, and Personal Development.

On 1 August 2019, BBC Lifestyle along with BBC Earth rebranded.

BBC Earth (international TV channel)
BBC Earth is a documentary subscription television channel featuring premium factual programming. The channel is wholly owned and operated by BBC Studios. Originally set to roll out internationally in 2014, it was later announced that it would launch in 2015, starting in Poland.
Pantaya
Pantaya was an American OTT streaming service targeted for Hispanic and Spanish-language viewers. Content included programs and films released in Latin America and original programming, as well as Spanish dubs from Lionsgate's select catalogue.

The streaming service was available in the United States and Puerto Rico, and content can be accessed globally through other streaming services such as Amazon's Prime Video.

After the acquisition of Pantaya by TelevisaUnivision in May, 7 months later in December, Pantaya ceased its services, and notified users about the switch to ViX.

Vix (streaming service)
Vix (stylized as ViX) is an over-the-top streaming service owned and operated by TelevisaUnivision. The service primarily shows content either owned by TelevisaUnivision or acquired from third-party content providers, including television series, movies, and sports programming.

Originally launched in the United States as PrendeTV on March 30, 2021, the service was merged with TelevisaUnivision's other streaming services under its current branding on March 31, 2022.
Ewen Cameron (Australian politician)
Ewen Colin Cameron (born 12 January 1930) is a retired Australian politician. Born in Melbourne, he had been a farmer and member of Euroa Shire Council before entering federal politics. In 1977, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the Liberal member for Indi, defeating Mac Holten, a member of the Liberals' Coalition partner the Country Party. He held the seat until his retirement in 1993.

Mac Holten
Rendle McNeilage "Mac" Holten CMG (29 March 1922 – 12 October 1996) was an Australian politician and sportsman. A member of the Country Party he, represented the Division of Indi in the House of Representatives from 1958 to 1977. Holten served as Minister for Repatriation from 1969 to 1972 under  the Gorton and McMahon governments. Before entering politics, he played Australian rules football for the Collingwood Football Club.
Franconian Wine Queen
The Franconian Wine Queen (German: Fränkische Weinkönigin) is the annually-elected representative of the German wine region of Franconia. At the end of her time in office, she is eligible to participate in the competition for the German Wine Queen. Until 1963, the Franconian Wine Queen reigned for two years.

German Wine Queen
The German Wine Queen (German: Deutsche Weinkönigin) is the representative of the German wine industry. The Wine Queen is supported by two princesses, forming together the German Wine Ambassadors. She is elected, usually in the Palatine town of Neustadt an der Weinstraße, for a period of one year. The title is competed for by the regional wine queens of the thirteen German wine regions producing "quality" wine.

The 75th German Wine Queen is Eva Brockmann from Haibach, Lower Franconia; she was chosen on 29 September 2023 for the period 2023/2024.