hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Urysohn and completely Hausdorff spaces
In topology, a discipline within mathematics, an Urysohn space, or T2½ space, is a topological space in which any two distinct points can be separated by closed neighborhoods. A completely Hausdorff space, or functionally Hausdorff space, is a topological space in which any two distinct points can be separated by a continuous function. These conditions are separation axioms that are somewhat stronger than the more familiar Hausdorff axiom T2.

Separated sets
In topology and related branches of mathematics, separated sets are pairs of subsets of a given topological space that are related to each other in a certain way: roughly speaking, neither overlapping nor touching.  The notion of when two sets are separated or not is important both to the notion of connected spaces (and their connected components) as well as to the separation axioms for topological spaces.

Separated sets should not be confused with separated spaces (defined below), which are somewhat related but different.  Separable spaces are again a completely different topological concept.
LES-2
Lincoln Experimental Satellite 2, also known as LES-2, was a communications satellite, the second of nine in the Lincoln Experimental Satellite. Launched by the United States Air Force (USAF) on 6 May 1965, it demonstrated many then-advanced technologies including active use of the military's SHF (super high frequency) band (7 to 8 GHz) to service hundreds of users.

Lincoln Experimental Satellite
The Lincoln Experimental Satellite series was designed and built by Lincoln Laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology between 1965 and 1976, under USAF sponsorship, for testing devices and techniques for satellite communication.
Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma
Odoardo Farnese (12 August 1666 – 6 September 1693) was the eldest son of Duke Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza. Odoardo was the Hereditary Prince of Parma from his birth until his death. He was the father of the famously domineering Elisabeth, Queen of Spain.

Ranuccio II Farnese
Ranuccio II Farnese (17 September 1630 – 11 December 1694) was the sixth Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1646 until his death nearly 50 years later. He was also the Duke of Castro from 1646 until 1649.
Lisa Darmanin (politician)
Lisa Darmanin (/ˈdɑːrmənən/ DAR-mə-nən) is an Australian trade unionist and politician who has been Branch Secretary of the Australian Services Union (ASU), Victorian and Tasmanian Authorities and Services Branch since June 2018 and Chair of Vision Super since 1 July 2021. She is a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and was selected to replace Linda White as a Senator for Victoria in 2024.

Linda White (politician)
Linda White (1959/1960 – 29 February 2024) was an Australian politician. She was a member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) and was elected to the Senate as the party's lead candidate in Victoria at the 2022 federal election, to a term beginning on 1 July 2022. She was a lawyer and trade unionist before entering politics, including serving as the assistant national secretary of the Australian Services Union (ASU) from 1995 till 2020.
Termastherium
Termastherium is an extinct genus of leontiniid notoungulates that lived during the Early Oligocene of what is now Chile. Fossils of this genus have been found in the Oligocene-aged Abanico Formation of Chile.

Abanico Formation
Abanico Formation (Spanish: Formación Abanico) is a 3 kilometres (9,800 ft) thick sedimentary formation exposed in the Andes of Central Chile. The formation has been deposited in a timespan from the Eocene to the Miocene. Abanico Formation's contact with the overlying Miocene Farellones Formation has been the subject of differing interpretations since the 1960s. A small part of the formation crops out in the Mendoza Province of western Argentina.
Apple A19
The Apple A19 and Apple A19 Pro are a pair of 64-bit ARM-based system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series. The A19 is used in the iPhone 17, while the A19 Pro is used in the iPhone 17 Pro, iPhone 17 Pro Max, and iPhone Air. Both chips are manufactured by TSMC using the N3P variant of their 3 nm process node. Announced on September 9, 2025, they are the successors to the Apple A18 and Apple A18 Pro processors, respectively.

Apple A18
The Apple A18 and Apple A18 Pro are a pair of 64-bit ARM-based system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series. They are used in the iPhone 16 and iPhone 16 Pro lineups and the iPhone 16e, and built on a second generation 3 nm process by TSMC. Announced on September 9, 2024 and February 19, 2025, they are the successors to the Apple A15 Bionic (exclusively on the entry-level iPhone models with 4-core GPU), Apple A16 Bionic (exclusively on the standard iPhone models with 5-core GPU) and the Apple A17 Pro (exclusively on the premium iPhone models with 6-core GPU) processors, respectively.
Sergei Senkin
Sergei Yakovlevich Senkin (1894–1963) was a twentieth-century Russian artist, photographer, and illustrator.

Senkin studied with Kasimir Malevitch during the 1920s in Vkhutemas. He sometimes visited Malevitch in Vitebsk with his friend Gustav Klutsis. There, he developed his own approach to Suprematism. He used a variety of artistic techniques such as graphic and poster design, photography and photomontage as well as painting. He worked together with Gustav Klutsis on agitational posters in 1922-1937.

In 1928, he joined the Constructivist October Group. The same year, Senkin collaborated with artist and architect El Lissitzky to create the frieze for the Pressa exhibition in Cologne, Germany.

Gustav Klutsis
Gustav Gustavovich Klutsis (Latvian: Gustavs Klucis, Russian: Густав Густавович Клуцис; 4 January 1895 – 26 February 1938) was a pioneering Latvian photographer and major member of the Constructivist avant-garde in the early 20th century. He is known for the Soviet revolutionary and Stalinist propaganda he produced with his wife Valentina Kulagina and for the development of photomontage techniques.
Borough 8 (Düsseldorf)
Borough 8 (German: Stadtbezirk 8) is a southeastern borough of Düsseldorf, the state capital of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The borough covers an area of 20.96 square kilometres and (as of December 2020) has about 61,000 inhabitants. The borough borders with the Düsseldorf boroughs 2, 3, 7 and 9. To the East the borough borders with the rural district of Mettmann.

Boroughs of Düsseldorf
The City of Düsseldorf consists of 50 city parts (Stadtteile), which are collected into 10 boroughs (Stadtbezirke). Every district has its own local assembly (local parliament Bezirksvertretung) and its own borough mayor (Bezirksbürgermeister). The Bezirksvertretungen have only advisory roles, they do not have their own budgets. Borough 4 is the only borough on the west side of the Rhine.
Peter Ramsaroop
Hon. Peter R. Ramsaroop. MP (born 20 June 1962) is a Guyanese entrepreneur, author, and politician.  On 2 October 2020 he was appointed by the President of the Cooperative of Guyana, His Excellency, Dr. Mohamed Irfaan Ali as Guyana's Chief Investment Officer and Agency Head of the Guyana Office for Investment, under the Office of the President of the Cooperative Republic of Guyana. In 2025, Ramsaroop was elected to serve the 13th Parliament of Guyana. https://dpi.gov.gy/new-faces-fresh-voices-in-guyanas-cabinet/

He previously served as the chairman of Vision Guyana, a social/political non-profit organization based in Guyana. He was previously the CEO of Alliance for Change and a presidential candidate for the 2011 elections before siding with the People's Progressive Party (PPP). He was also a parliamentary candidate for the 2015 General Elections in Guyana under the PPP.

People's Progressive Party/Civic
The People's Progressive Party/Civic (PPP/C) is a major political party in Guyana. As of 2025, the party holds 36 of the 65 seats in the National Assembly and rules the government since 2020. It has been the ruling party in the past as well, most recently between 1992 and 2015. In Guyana's ethnically divided political landscape, the PPP/C is a multi-ethnic organization with its base of support from the Indo-Guyanese people.
Hypophosphoric acid
Hypophosphoric acid is a mineral acid with the formula H4P2O6, with phosphorus in a formal oxidation state of +4. In the solid state it is present as the dihydrate, H4P2O6·2H2O. In hypophosphoric acid the phosphorus atoms are identical and joined directly with a P−P bond. Isohypophosphoric acid is a structural isomer of hypophosphoric acid in which one phosphorus has a hydrogen directedly bonded to it and that phosphorus atom is linked to the other one by an oxygen bridge to give a phosphorous acid/phosphoric acid mixed anhydride. The two phosphorus atoms are in the +3 and +5 oxidation states, respectively.

Phosphorous acid
Phosphorous acid (or phosphonic acid) is the compound described by the formula H3PO3. It is diprotic (readily ionizes two protons), not triprotic as might be suggested by its formula. Phosphorous acid is an intermediate in the preparation of other phosphorus compounds. Organic derivatives of phosphorous acid, compounds with the formula RPO3H2, are called phosphonic acids.
Paradise Lost: Shadows and Wings
Paradise Lost: Shadows and Wings is a musical theatre work with music by American composer Eric Whitacre, lyrics by Whitacre and David Norona, and book by poet Edward Esch, set in two acts. The music combines styles of opera, musical theatre, cinematic music, as well as electronic music techniques of trance music, ambient music, and techno to portray the story of an abandoned tribe of angels in search of their wings, loosely based on John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost. Although it has various non-classical influences, it is meant to be performed by singers with operatic or musical theatre backgrounds.

Lux Aurumque
Lux Aurumque ("Light and Gold", sometimes "Light of Gold") is a choral composition in one movement by Eric Whitacre. It is a Christmas piece based on a Latin poem of the same name, which translates as "Light, warm and heavy as pure gold, and the angels sing softly to the new born babe". In 2000, Whitacre set a short Latin text for mixed choir a cappella. In 2005, he wrote an arrangement for wind ensemble. The choral version became known through Whitacre's project Virtual Choir in 2009. The piece is also available for men's choir. A performance takes about four minutes.
Obi Domain
Obi Domain (飫肥藩, Obi-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now central Miyazaki Prefecture. It was centered around Obi Castle in what is now Nichinan, Miyazaki and was ruled by the tozama daimyō Itō clan for all of its history.

Han system
Han (Japanese: 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Han or Bakufu-han (daimyo domain) served as a system of de facto administrative divisions of Japan alongside the de jure provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s.
Rosemary Huxtable
Rosemary Therese Huxtable AO PSM is a retired senior Australian public servant. She was the Secretary of the Department of Finance from December 2016 to August 2022.

From 2010 to 2013, Huxtable was a Deputy Secretary in the Department of Health and Ageing. She moved to the Department of Finance in 2013, also as a Deputy Secretary. In her finance department role, Huxtable played a key role developing several Australian federal budgets.

When former Finance Secretary Jane Halton stood down in 2016, Huxtable was promoted to act as head of the agency, having been recommended to the role by the Prime Minister. She was appointed permanently to the role after it being recommended by the Prime Minister in December 2016. She retired on 8 August 2022.

Public Service Medal (Australia)
The Public Service Medal (PSM) is a civil decoration awarded to Australian public servants (at all levels) for outstanding service. The PSM was introduced in 1989 and replaced the Imperial Service Order discontinued in Australia in 1975, supplementing the Order of Australia introduced that same year. Recipients of the Public Service Medal are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "PSM".

The medal is awarded twice each year by the Governor-General of Australia, on the nomination of the responsible Minister in each state or territory, and at the federal level. The total number of awards made each year must not exceed 100, further broken down into a quota for each government public service.
Russell DaShiell
Russell DaShiell (born July 23, 1947) is an American guitarist who has recorded as a solo artist as well as playing in bands such as Crowfoot and the Don Harrison Band, and with Harvey Mandel, Phil Everly and Norman Greenbaum. Russell was also one of the first people to have a Les Paul humbucker bridge pickup in a strat in 1970.

Harvey Mandel
Harvey "The Snake" Mandel (born March 11, 1945) is an American guitarist best known as a member of Canned Heat. He also played with Charlie Musselwhite and John Mayall as well as maintaining a solo career.
Zulkiflee Mohd Zin
Zulkiflee bin Mohd Zin (born 3 June 1968) is a Malaysian politician served as Deputy Member of the Malacca State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Barisan Nasional (BN) state administration under Chief Minister Ab Rauf Yusoh and Member Rais Yasin since April 2023. He has also served as Member of the Malacca State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Taboh Naning since November 2021. He is the son of the former Chief Minister of Malacca Datuk Seri Mohd Zin Abdul Ghani.

Rais Yasin
Rais bin Yasin (born 7 September 1984) is a Malaysian politician who has served as Senior Member of the Malacca State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Barisan Nasional (BN) state administration under Chief Minister Ab Rauf Yusoh since April 2023 and Member of the Malacca State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Paya Rumput since November 2021. He served as Member of the Malacca State EXCO under former Chief Minister Sulaiman Md Ali from November 2021 to March 2023. He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition. He has also served as the State Deputy Chairman of UMNO of Malacca and Division Chief of UMNO of Tangga Batu since March 2023.
Litowa, Tanzania
Litowa is a village in Tanzania which served as a testing ground for Julius Nyerere's vision of Ujamaa.: 14  Located near Mbeya,: 14  Litowa was "the first Ujamaa village", and attracted attention during Nyerere's campaign for achieving "agricultural development within communal forms of production",: 75  and was upheld by Nyerere himself "as a practical example of ujamaa where I can send people to see it in practice".: 100

Ujamaa
Ujamaa (lit. 'fraternity' in Swahili) was a socialist ideology that formed the basis of Julius Nyerere's social and economic development policies in Tanzania after it gained independence from Britain in 1961.

More broadly, ujamaa may mean "cooperative economics", in the sense of "local people cooperating with each other to provide for the essentials of living", or "to build and maintain our own stores, shops, and other businesses and to profit from them together". Activist Maulana Karenga adopted the idea of ujamaa as one of seven principles (Nguzo Saba) in 1965, which formed the focus of the new holiday Kwanzaa a year later.
3XMM J004232.1+411314
L

3XMM J004232.1+411314 is a low-mass X-ray binary hosted in the galaxy M31. It is the most luminous source of hard X-rays in the Andromeda Galaxy. It is also the most luminous source known that shows dips in the X-ray light curve. The compact object in this system has been unambiguously identified as a neutron star with a spin period of 3 seconds.

X-ray binary
X-ray binaries are a class of binary stars that are luminous in X-rays. 
The X-rays are produced by matter falling from one component, called the donor (usually a relatively common main sequence star), to the other component, called the accretor, which can be a white dwarf, neutron star or black hole. 
The infalling matter releases gravitational potential energy, up to 30 percent of its rest mass, as X-rays.  (Hydrogen fusion releases only about 0.7 percent of rest mass.)  The lifetime and the mass-transfer rate in an X-ray binary depends on the evolutionary status of the donor star, the mass ratio between the stellar components, and their orbital separation.

An estimated 1041 positrons escape per second from a typical low-mass X-ray binary.
1974 World Amateur Snooker Championship
The 1974 World Amateur Snooker Championship was the sixth edition of the tournament that later became known as the IBSF World Snooker Championship. The 1974 tournament was played in Dublin from 1 to 16 December 1974. Defending champion Ray Edmonds defeated Geoff Thomas 11–9 in the final to retain the title.

IBSF World Snooker Championship
The IBSF World Snooker Championship (also known as the World Amateur Snooker Championship) is the premier non-professional snooker tournament in the world. The event series is sanctioned by the International Billiards and Snooker Federation. A number of IBSF champions have gone on to successful careers in the professional ranks, notably Jimmy White (1980), James Wattana (1988), Ken Doherty (1989), Stuart Bingham (1996), Marco Fu (1997), Stephen Maguire (2000) and Mark Allen (2004). Both Doherty (in 1997) and Bingham (in 2015) have gone on to win the professional World Snooker Championship.
National Route A004 (Argentina)
National Route A004 is a four-lane highway connecting National Route 1 (mostly known as the "Buenos Aires-La Plata highway") at km marker 31 with the Juan María Gutiérrez Roundabout in Greater Buenos Aires. The road extends for 8 km (5 mi) (numbered km 31 to 30), all within the limits of Berazategui Partido in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.

This road is the obligatory route for the vacation destinations of Mar del Plata and other cities along the coast of Buenos Aires Province as it connects with Autovía 2, so it has high volumes of traffic during the summer months and Easter.

The A004 is currently operated by AUBASA ("Autopistas de Buenos Aires S.A."), a state-owned company owned by the Government of Buenos Aires Province, which also manages the NR 1 and most routes to the cities of Costa Atlántica.

Berazategui Partido
Berazategui is a partido in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. With an area of 188 km2 (73 sq mi) and a population of 320,224 (2010 census [INDEC]), it is at the southeast of the Greater Buenos Aires urban conglomerate, and its capital is Berazategui city.

It was part of the Quilmes Partido until 1960.

The majority of the population are concentrated in the city of Berazategui, which has an important commercial district with a pedestrian centre.

Berazategui is also home to Asociación Deportiva Berazategui, a football club that play in the regionalised 4th division of Argentine football.
Impact pressure
In compressible fluid dynamics, impact pressure (dynamic pressure) is the difference between total pressure (also known as pitot pressure or stagnation pressure) and static pressure.  In aerodynamics notation, this quantity is denoted as  or .

When input to an airspeed indicator, impact pressure is used to provide a calibrated airspeed reading. An air data computer with inputs of pitot and static pressures is able to provide a Mach number and, if static temperature is known, true airspeed.

Some authors in the field of compressible flows use the term dynamic pressure or compressible dynamic pressure instead of impact pressure.

Stagnation pressure
In fluid dynamics, stagnation pressure, also
referred to as total pressure, is what the pressure would be if all the kinetic energy of the fluid were to be converted into pressure in a reversible manner.;: § 3.2  it is defined as the sum of the free-stream static pressure and the free-stream dynamic pressure.

The Bernoulli equation applicable to incompressible flow shows that the stagnation pressure is equal to the dynamic pressure and static pressure combined.: § 3.5    In compressible flows, stagnation pressure is also equal to total pressure as well, provided that the fluid entering the stagnation point is brought to rest isentropically.: § 3.12

Stagnation pressure is sometimes referred to as pitot pressure because the two pressures are equal.
The Crow
The Crow is a supernatural superhero comic book series created by James O'Barr revolving around the titular character of the same name. The series, which was originally created by O'Barr as a means of dealing with the death of his fiancée at the hands of a drunk driver, was first published by Caliber Comics in 1989. It became an underground success and was later adapted into a film of the same name in 1994. It was followed by three standalone sequels and  a television series. A second adaptation was released in 2024. Numerous books and comic books have also been produced, albeit published by various different companies.

The Crow has been translated into almost a dozen languages and has sold around 750,000 copies worldwide.

The Crow: Stairway to Heaven
The Crow: Stairway to Heaven is a Canadian superhero television series created by Bryce Zabel. It originally aired from September 25, 1998, to May 22, 1999, consisting of 22 episodes. The series was based on the Caliber Press' The Crow comic book series. It starred Mark Dacascos as the protagonist, Eric Draven.
Amnezia VPN
Amnezia VPN is a free and open-source application that allows users to create a personal VPN using their own server. It uses the OpenVPN, WireGuard, Shadowsocks, IKEv2 and Cloak protocols.

The setup takes place using a graphical user interface.

WireGuard
WireGuard is a communication protocol and free and open-source software that implements encrypted virtual private networks (VPNs). It aims to be lighter and better performing than IPsec and OpenVPN, two common tunneling protocols. The WireGuard protocol passes traffic over UDP.

In March 2020, the Linux version of the software reached a stable production release and was incorporated into the Linux 5.6 kernel, and backported to earlier Linux kernels in some Linux distributions. The Linux kernel components are licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2; other implementations are under GPLv2 or other free/open-source licenses.
6-MAPDB
6-MAPDB, also known as 6-(2-(methylamino)propyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, is a chemical compound which may be an entactogen of the dihydrobenzofuran family. It is structurally related to drugs like 6-APDB and 6-MAPB, which have similar effects to MDMA and have been used as recreational drugs. 6-MAPDB has never been studied to determine its pharmacological activity, though it is the N-methyl derivative of 6-APDB which is known to be a selective serotonin releaser.

Substituted benzofuran
The substituted benzofurans are a class of chemical compounds based on the heterocyclic and polycyclic compound benzofuran. Many medicines use the benzofuran core as a scaffold, but most commonly the term is used to refer to the simpler compounds in this class which include numerous psychoactive drugs, including stimulants, psychedelics and empathogens. In general, these compounds have a benzofuran core to which a 2-aminoethyl group is attached (at any position), and combined with a range of other substituents. Some psychoactive derivatives from this family have been sold under the name Benzofury.
Lira Hospital
Lira Regional Referral Hospital, commonly known as Lira Hospital, is a hospital in Lira in the Northern Region of Uganda. It is the referral hospital for the districts of Amolatar, Apac, Dokolo, Lira, Kole, and Oyam.

Lira, Uganda
Lira is a city in the Northern Region of Uganda. It serves as the main urban center of the Lango sub-region. On 1 July 2020, Lira was officially elevated to city status as part of Uganda's government plan to create new cities across the country. Following this elevation, Lira City became a separate administrative entity distinct from Lira District.