hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St. Nicholas (magazine)
St. Nicholas was a popular monthly American children's magazine, founded by Scribner's in 1873 and named after the Christian saint. The first editor was Mary Mapes Dodge, who continued her association with the magazine until her death in 1905. Dodge published work by the country's leading writers, including Louisa May Alcott, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Mark Twain, Laura E. Richards and Joel Chandler Harris. Many famous writers were first published in St. Nicholas League, a department that offered awards and cash prizes to the best work submitted by its juvenile readers. Edna St. Vincent Millay, F. Scott Fitzgerald, E. B. White, and Stephen Vincent Benét were all St. Nicholas League winners.

St. Nicholas ceased publication in 1940. A revival was attempted in 1943, but only a few issues were published before St. Nicholas folded once more.

E. B. White
Elwyn Brooks White (July 11, 1899 – October 1, 1985) was an American writer. He was the author of highly popular books for children: Stuart Little (1945), Charlotte's Web (1952), and The Trumpet of the Swan (1970).

In a 2012 survey of School Library Journal readers, Charlotte's Web was ranked first in their poll of the top one hundred children's novels. White also was a contributing editor and writer for The New Yorker magazine and co-author of The Elements of Style, an English language style guide. Kurt Vonnegut called White "one of the most admirable prose stylists our country has so far produced."
María de la Cruz Castro Ricalde
María de la Cruz de Fátima Castro Ricalde is a Mexican writer, professor and researcher with the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies.

She has worked at the Toluca Campus of the institution since 1990, and currently is the coordinator of the communications and humanities department. She teaches undergraduate courses in humanistic studies as well as administration at the masters level. She has been a guest lecturer in France, Canada, the United States, Germany and in various parts of Mexico.

Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education (ITESM; Spanish: Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey), also known as the Technological Institute of Monterrey (Spanish: Tecnológico de Monterrey) or simply Tec, is a private research university based in Monterrey, Mexico. It has expanded to include 35 campuses across 25 cities in the country and 22 liaison offices in 15 other countries.

The university was founded in 1943 by Eugenio Garza Sada, who was educated at MIT in the United States. Eugenio Garza Sada was an industrialist and philanthropist from Monterrey.

ITESM was the first university outside the U.S. to establish an internet connection in the Western Hemisphere, linking the University of Texas at San Antonio directly.
Union Street Café
Union Street Café was a restaurant, owned by chef Gordon Ramsay, in Southwark, London, United Kingdom.

It was the first of Ramsay's restaurants to be opened without the involvement of Chris Hutchinson, and at one point was backed by footballer David Beckham.

The café served Mediterranean cuisine, with mostly Italian dishes.  The head chef, Davide Degiovanni, designed the menu, which was changed daily.  Before the café was opened, it received more than 10,000 booking requests, with seating filled to the end of the year.  Food critics' reviews were mixed, with differing opinions of the veal saltimbocca but agreement in dislike of a dish of octopus, borlotti bean, and 'nduja sausage.

Union Street Café was replaced by Gordon Ramsay Restaurants in December 2020 with their third Street Pizza Location, joined at that address in May 2021 by their second Bread Street Kitchen & Bar location for London.

Cranberry bean
The cranberry bean is a variety of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) first bred in Colombia as the cargamanto. It is also known as the borlotti bean, Roman bean, romano bean (not to be confused with the Italian flat bean, a green bean also called "romano bean"), saluggia bean, gadhra bean or rosecoco bean. The bean is a medium to large tan or hazelnut-colored bean splashed or streaked with red, magenta or black.

Saluggia beans are regional, a borlotti bean named after Saluggia in northern Italy for marketing purposes and where they have been grown since the early 1900s.
Tomoya Koyamatsu
Tomoya Koyamatsu (小屋松 知哉, Koyamatsu Tomoya; born 24 April 1995 in Kumiyama, Kyoto)  is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or a winger for J1 League club Kashiwa Reysol.

J1 League
The J1 League (Japanese: J1リーグ, Hepburn: Jē-wan Rīgu), a.k.a. the J.League or the Meiji Yasuda J1 League (Japanese: 明治安田J1リーグ, Hepburn: Meiji Yasuda Jē-wan Rīgu) for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Japan and the highest level of the Japanese football league system.

Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the J2 League. Both the J1 and J2 leagues are operated by the Japan Professional Football League (日本プロサッカーリーグ, Nihon Puro Sakkā Rīgu).

Founded in 1992, it is one of the most successful leagues in Asian professional club football history. It was known as the J.League from 1993 to 1998 before becoming a two-division league, and as J.League Division 1 from 1999 to 2014. The current champions are Kashima Antlers, who won a record-extending ninth J.League title and a record-breaking ninth top flight title in the 2025 season.
South Mindanao languages
The South Mindanao or Bilic languages are a group of related languages spoken by the Bagobo, Blaan, Tboli, and Teduray peoples of the southern coast of Mindanao Island in the Philippines. They are not part of the Mindanao language family that covers much of the island. The languages are:

Blaan

Klata

Tboli

Teduray

Teduray language
Teduray or Tiruray is an Austronesian language of the southern Philippines spoken by the Teduray people, in the Datu Blah T. Sinsuat and Upi municipalities (southern Maguindanao del Norte Province), South Upi municipality (western Maguindanao del Sur Province), and Lebak municipality (northwestern Sultan Kudarat Province).
Mississippi embayment
The Mississippi embayment is a physiographic feature in the south-central United States, part of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. It is essentially a northward continuation of the fluvial sediments of the Mississippi River Delta to its confluence with the Ohio River at Cairo, Illinois. The current sedimentary area was formed in the Cretaceous and early Cenozoic by the filling with sediment of a pre-existing basin. An explanation for the embayment's formation was put forward by Van Arsdale and Cox in 2007: movement of the Earth's crust brought this region over a volcanic "hotspot" in the Earth's mantle causing an upthrust of magma which formed the Appalachian-Ouachita range. Subsequent erosion caused a deep trough that was flooded by the Gulf of Mexico and eventually filled with sediment from the Mississippi River.

New Madrid seismic zone
The New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ), sometimes called the New Madrid fault line (or fault zone or fault system), is a major seismic zone and a prolific source of intraplate earthquakes (earthquakes within a tectonic plate) in the Southern and Midwestern United States, stretching to the southwest from New Madrid, Missouri.

The New Madrid fault system was responsible for the 1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes and has the potential to produce large earthquakes in the future. Since 1812, frequent smaller earthquakes have been recorded in the area.

Earthquakes that occur in the New Madrid seismic zone potentially threaten parts of seven American states: Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Kentucky, Tennessee, and to a lesser extent Mississippi and Indiana.
Coupon collector's problem
In probability theory, the coupon collector's problem refers to mathematical analysis of "collect all coupons and win" contests. It asks the following question: if each box of a given product (e.g., breakfast cereals) contains a coupon, and there are n different types of coupons, what is the probability that more than t boxes need to be bought to collect all n coupons? An alternative statement is: given n coupons, how many coupons do you expect you need to draw with replacement before having drawn each coupon at least once? The mathematical analysis of the problem reveals that the expected number of trials needed grows as . For example, when n = 50 it takes about 225 trials on average to collect all 50 coupons. Sometimes the problem is instead expressed in terms of an n-sided die.

Expected value
In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, expectation operator, mathematical expectation, mean, expectation value, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average.

The expected value of a random variable with a finite number of outcomes is a weighted average of all possible outcomes. In the case of a continuum of possible outcomes, the expectation is defined by integration. In the axiomatic foundation for probability provided by measure theory, the expectation is given by Lebesgue integration.

The expected value of a random variable X is often denoted by , , or , with E also often stylized as ,  or E.
J. Mark Spalding
Joseph Mark Spalding (born January 13, 1965) is an American Catholic prelate who has served as Bishop of Nashville since 2017.

Born in Lebanon, Kentucky, Spalding studied at Saint Meinrad Seminary and School of Theology and Catholic University of Louvain in Belgium. He became an ordained priest in 1991, and served as an associate pastor for the Archdiocese of Louisville at the Basilica of St. Joseph Proto-Cathedral in Bardstown, Kentucky.

Between 1992 and 2017, Spalding served in pastoral positions at parishes in Bardstown, Louisville, and La Grange. In 1998, Archbishop Thomas C. Kelly appointed Spalding to additional positions judicial vicar and director of the metropolitan tribunal. Archbishop Joseph Edward Kurtz in 2011 appointed Spalding as vicar general. Pope Francis appointed Spalding as the bishop of Nashville in November 2017, and he was consecrated in February 2018.

Basilica of St. Joseph Proto-Cathedral
The Basilica of Saint Joseph Proto-Cathedral is a Catholic parish church at 310 West Stephen Foster Avenue in Bardstown, Kentucky.  It is the original cathedral of the present Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Louisville, originally erected as the Diocese of Bardstown — "proto-cathedral" means the original cathedral of a see that has transferred or moved.  During its years as a cathedral, the pastor was Benedict Joseph Flaget, the first bishop of Bardstown.
Joseph Bridger
Joseph Bridger (1632 – April 15, 1686) was an English-born military officer, merchant, planter and politician. He emigrated from England to the colony of Virginia, where Bridger became wealthy and well-known for supporting Governor William Berkeley and his successors. As would his namesake grandson and several other descendants, Bridger served in the House of Burgesses representing Isle of Wight County. Bridger also served in the legislature's upper house, the Virginia Governor's Council, and led troops against the rebels during Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 as well as in 1682, when he helped suppress the tobacco cutters (although he had sympathetized with a similar solution nearly two decades earlier).

House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses (/ˈbɜːr.dʒə.sɪz/) was the lower house of the Virginia General Assembly from 1619 to 1776. It existed during the colonial history of the United States in the Colony of Virginia in what was then British America. From 1642 to 1776, the House of Burgesses was an important feature of Virginian politics, alongside the Crown-appointed colonial governor and the Virginia Governor's Council, the upper house of the General Assembly.

When Virginia declared its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain during the Fifth Virginia Convention in 1776 and became the independent Commonwealth of Virginia, the House of Burgesses was transformed into the House of Delegates, which continues to serve as the lower house of the General Assembly.
Halieutopsis nudiventer
Halieutopsis nudiventer, the naked-belly deepsea batfish, is a species of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Ogcocephalidae, the deep sea batfishes. It was originally found in the eastern Indian Ocean around the Bay of Bengal, but is now known to have a wider distribution in the Indo-Pacific.

Ogcocephalidae
Ogcocephalidae is a family of anglerfish specifically adapted for a benthic lifestyle of crawling about on the seafloor. Ogcocephalid anglerfish are sometimes referred to as batfishes, deep-sea batfishes, handfishes, and seabats. They are found in tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide. They are mostly found at depths between 200 and 3,000 m (660 and 9,840 ft), but have been recorded as deep as 4,000 m (13,000 ft). A few species live in much shallower coastal waters and, exceptionally, may enter river estuaries.
Rechke
Rechke (Belarusian: Рэчкі, Yiddish: רעטשקי) is a village in Belarus, located on the Zhuchka River. It is part of the Krivoselsky Village Council (Krivoselsky Selsoviet) in the Vilyeyka District of the Minsk Region. As of 2008, the population was 118 people.

Rechke is an old shtetl of the historical Ashmyany region (part of the Vilna Governorate). Among the local attractions, the Church of the Holy Spirit (Rechke) stood out, a monument of traditional Belarusian wooden architecture of the 18th century, which was initially damaged by Russian reconstruction and burned down in 2007.

Ashmyany district
Ashmyany district or Ašmiany district (Belarusian: Ашмянскі раён, romanized: Ashmyanski rajon; Russian: Ошмянский район, romanized: Oshmyansky rayon) is a district (raion) of Grodno region in Belarus. The administrative center is Ashmyany. As of 2024, it has a population of 29,133.
Yuriko Tiger
Eleonora Aureliana Guglielmi (born 5 July 1993), better known as Yuriko Tiger (Japanese: ユリコタイガー Romaji: Yuriko taigā), is an Italian cosplayer, promotional model, YouTuber, voice actress, Twitch streamer, actress, and idol.

She has been cosplaying and modeling since 2008, having served as the official cosplayer for Bandai Namco (Tekken 7 series), as an actress in the Dorama Kin no Tono (金の殿) and having formed her own J-Pop group called Samurai Tiger - Samurai Apartment Love's Yuriko Tiger (in collaboration with "Samurai Apartment").

Bandai Namco Entertainment
Bandai Namco Entertainment Inc. is a Japanese multinational video game publisher, and the video game branch of the wider Bandai Namco Holdings group. Founded in 2006 as Namco Bandai Games Inc., it is the successor to Namco's home and arcade video game business, as well as Bandai's former equivalent division. Development operations were spun off into a new company in 2012, Namco Bandai Studios, now called Bandai Namco Studios.

Bandai Namco Entertainment owns several multi-million video game franchises, including Pac-Man,  Tekken, Soulcalibur, Tales, Ace Combat, Taiko no Tatsujin, The Idolmaster, Ridge Racer, Dark Souls, .hack and Little Nightmares. Pac-Man himself serves as the official mascot of the company. The company also owns the licenses to several Japanese media franchises, such as Shonen Jump, Gundam, Kamen Rider, Super Sentai, Sword Art Online, and the Ultra Series.
Robert Pitcairn (Royal Navy officer)
Robert Pitcairn (6 May 1752 – c. 1770) was a Scottish midshipman in the Royal Navy. Pitcairn Island was named after him; he was the first person to spot the island, on 2 July 1767 (ship's time), while serving in a voyage in the South Pacific on HMS Swallow, captained by Philip Carteret.

Philip Carteret
Rear-Admiral Philip Carteret, Seigneur of Trinity (22 January 1733 – 21 July 1796) was a Royal Navy officer and explorer who participated in two of the British navy's circumnavigation expeditions in 1764–66 and 1766–69.
Joseph Knight (vegetarian)
Joseph Knight (1854 – January 1928) was an English social reformer and writer. He played a prominent role in the late 19th and early 20th-century vegetarian and temperance movements in the United Kingdom. He served as secretary of the Vegetarian Society from 1885 to 1895 and founded the Scottish Vegetarian Society in 1883. A prolific pamphleteer and public speaker, Knight advocated a plant-based diet on ethical, health, and economic grounds. He also edited The Daisy Basket, the first British vegetarian magazine for children, and contributed widely to vegetarian and reformist periodicals.

Vegetarian Society
The Vegetarian Society of the United Kingdom (VSUK) is a British registered charity. It campaigns for dietary changes, licenses Vegetarian Society Approved trademarks for vegetarian and vegan products, runs a cookery school and lottery, and organises National Vegetarian Week in the UK.

In the 19th century, various groups in Britain promoted meat-free diets, leading to the formation of the Vegetarian Society in 1847, which later split into the Manchester and London Vegetarian Societies in 1888 before reuniting in 1969, registering as a charity, and continued advocating for vegetarianism through public education and influencing food producers.
Robert M. Gordon (psychologist)
Robert M. Gordon (born 1947) is an American clinical psychologist, forensic psychologist, and psychoanalyst. He is a diplomate of the American Board of Professional Psychology (ABPP) in both Clinical Psychology and Psychoanalysis.

Gordon's academic work focuses on forensic psychology, personality assessment, and psychoanalytic approaches.

Forensic psychology
Forensic psychology is the application of scientific knowledge and methods (in relation to psychology) to assist in answering legal questions that may arise in criminal, civil, contractual, personal injury, or other judicial proceedings. Practitioners and researchers in the field may engage in various psychology-law topics, such as: jury selection, reducing systemic racism in criminal law between humans, eyewitness testimony and jury research, evaluating competency to stand trial, identifying cognitive, behavioral or organizational factors contributing to systems failures, or assessing military veterans for service-connected disability compensation. The American Psychological Association's Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists reference several psychology sub-disciplines, such as: social, clinical, experimental, counseling, and neuropsychology.
Godziemba coat of arms
Godziemba is a Polish coat of arms. A rare medieval Polish knightly coat of arms used by Polish and Austrian noble family Głownia (and Glownia).

It is mentioned for the first time in years 1470-1480 by famous Polish chronicler Jan Długosz in his book "Liber beneficiorum dioecesis Cracoviensis" ("Book of the Benefices of the Bishopric of Kraków") with the name "Paulus de Glownia nobilis de domo Godzamba". This is Polish nobility coat of arms as well as knightly "Arma Baronum Regni Polonie" coat of arms.

Polish heraldry
Polish heraldry is the study of the coats of arms that have historically been used in Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It treats of specifically Polish heraldic traits and of the Polish heraldic system, contrasted with heraldic systems used elsewhere, notably in Western Europe. Due to the distinctive ways in which feudal societies evolved, Poland's heraldic traditions differ substantially from those of the modern-day German lands and France.

Polish heraldry is an integral part of the history of the Polish szlachta (nobility).
Saeed Al Kass
Saeed Hassan Salem Al-Kass (Arabic: سَعِيد حَسَن سَالِم الْكَاس) is a retired Emirati footballer who last played as a striker for Ajman Club.

Saeed started his career in Dibba Al-Hisn Sports Club in the UAE Second Division League. Since his beginning he was successful in attracting the eyes of the First Division Clubs Scouts. He was signed by Sharjah FC in 1998 which helped him secure a place in the UAE national squad. He is known for scoring two goals against Japan and Qatar during the 2007 AFC Asian Cup.

He was transferred to Al Wasl FC from Sharjah FC during the Winter 2008 transfer window.

The 2009-10 season was particularly special. During the 2009-10 Gulf Club Champions Cup, Saeed helped his team Al Wasl FC win the title. Saeed himself won the Top Scorer title with 6 goals. 
He returned to Sharjah FC after three successful seasons with Al Wasl. In 2012, he moved to Ajman.

Ajman Club
Ajman Sports Club (Arabic: نادي عجمان), commonly known as Ajman Club, is an Emirati professional football club based in Ajman. In 2015, Ajman was relegated to the second division, but managed to climb back to the top flight in 2017.
VXR
VXR was the branding for the high performance trim specification, used since 2004 for models in many of Vauxhall's car range in the United Kingdom. Holden has also used the VXR badge for some of its high-performance cars such as the Astra VXR, Insignia VXR, and the Commodore VXR.

European sourced VXR models were produced and developed by Opel Performance Center, a division of Opel. The VXR8 was produced and developed by Holden Special Vehicles. The VXR brand was closely linked to VX Racing, Vauxhall's British Touring Car Championship team, and the VXR versions of the cars were race track styled models, with high performance capabilities.

The VXR brand was quietly discontinued with the end of production of the Corsa E in 2019, despite some of the motoring press speculating about its subsequent return in the years that followed.

Holden Special Vehicles
Holden Special Vehicles (HSV) was the officially designated performance vehicle division for Holden. Established in 1987 and based in Clayton, Victoria, the privately owned company modified Holden models such as the standard wheelbase Commodore, long wheelbase Caprice and Statesman, and commercial Ute for domestic and export sale, all of which were imported from the main Holden Elizabeth Plant. HSV had also modified other non-Holden cars within the General Motors lineup in low volumes.

Vehicles produced by Holden Special Vehicles have generally been marketed under the HSV brand name. However, in the early years, some retailed under the Holden brand in Australia whereas most cars for export (other than in New Zealand and Singapore) retailed under different names (namely, Vauxhall and Chevrolet Special Vehicles).
Ridzwan Dzafir
Ridzwan bin Haji Dzafir PJG BBM PPA(E) PPA(P) PBS KCE (27 March 1927 – 28 September 2011) was a Singaporean civil servant who was known for his extensive experience in promoting Singapore through trade missions and meetings, earning him the nickname "Mr ASEAN".

Ridzwan served as director general of the Trade Development Board from 1983 to 1999, while serving concurrently as Singapore's first roving ambassador from 1986 to 1997.

Pingat Pentadbiran Awam
The Pingat Pentadbiran Awam (English: Public Administration Medal) is a Singaporean decoration instituted in 1963 and has three grades:

Emas (Gold)

Perak (Silver)

Gangsa (Bronze)

The medal may be awarded to any of the following persons for outstanding efficiency, competence and industry:

any person who is or has been a public officer.

any person who is or has been an officer employed by any statutory authority (other than a Town Council).

any person who is or has been in the service of any organisation, association or body rendering services in the field of education.

any person who is or has been employed in any company which is wholly owned by the Government and which is carrying on business mainly as an agent or instrumentality of the Government.

Recipients are entitled to use the post-nominal letters PPA, and may include the grade in brackets - e.g.: PPA(E).

The Pingat Pentadbiran Awam (Tentera) is the Singapore Armed Forces equivalent award.