hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Junior Coghlan
Frank Coghlan Jr. (March 15, 1916 – September 7, 2009), also known as Junior Coghlan, was an American actor who later became a career officer in the United States Navy and a naval aviator. He appeared in approximately 129 films and television programs between 1920 and 1974.

During the 1920s and 1930s, he became a popular child and juvenile actor, appearing in films with Pola Negri, Jack Dempsey, William Haines, Shirley Temple, Mickey Rooney, William Boyd and Bette Davis. Although he appeared in early Our Gang comedies, he is best known for the role of Billy Batson in the 1941 motion picture serial and first comic book superhero film, Adventures of Captain Marvel.

Coghlan later served 23 years as an aviator and officer in the U.S. Navy, from 1942 to 1965. After retiring from the Navy, he returned to acting and appeared in television, films, and commercials. He published an autobiography in 1992 and died in 2009 at age 93.

William Boyd (actor)
William Lawrence Boyd (June 5, 1895 – September 12, 1972) was an American actor and film producer, known for portraying the cowboy hero Hopalong Cassidy in dozens of Western films released during the 1930s and '40s.
Gone Are the Good Days
Gone Are the Good Days is the fourth studio album by French pop punk band Chunk! No, Captain Chunk! It was released on July 30, 2021, being their first album in six years, since Get Lost, Find Yourself (2015).

Get Lost, Find Yourself
Get Lost, Find Yourself is the third studio album by French rock band Chunk! No, Captain Chunk!, released on 18 May 2015. It is their first album without founding drummer Jonathan Donnaes, who left the band to spend time with his fiancée in August 2014.
Pettis integral
In mathematics, the Pettis integral or Gelfand–Pettis integral, named after Israel M. Gelfand and Billy James Pettis, extends the definition of the Lebesgue integral to vector-valued functions on a measure space, by exploiting duality. The integral was introduced by Gelfand for the case when the measure space is an interval with Lebesgue measure. The integral is also called the weak integral in contrast to the Bochner integral, which is the strong integral.

Dual system
In mathematics, a dual system, dual pair or a duality over a field  is a triple  consisting of two vector spaces,  and , over  and a non-degenerate bilinear map .

In mathematics, duality is the study of dual systems and is important in functional analysis. Duality plays crucial roles in quantum mechanics because it has extensive applications to the theory of Hilbert spaces.
Junooniyat
Junooniyat (transl. Obsession) is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film written and directed by Vivek Agnihotri. Produced by Bhushan Kumar under his T-Series banner, it stars Pulkit Samrat and Yami Gautam. This  is one of two films  starring the two in 2016, the other being Sanam Re

The film was released worldwide on 24 June 2016.

Sanam Re
Sanam Re (transl. Oh beloved) is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by Divya Khosla Kumar and produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar, and co-produced by Ajay Kapoor. The film stars Pulkit Samrat, Yami Gautam, Urvashi Rautela, and Rishi Kapoor.

The film was released worldwide on 12 February 2016 on Valentine's Day weekend and grossed US$3.83 million against a production budget of US$2.5 million. It was widely panned by critics and the audience alike.
Ada de la Cruz
Ada Aimée de la Cruz Ramírez (born June 15, 1986, in Villa Mella) is a Dominican model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Dominican Republic 2009 and placed 1st Runner-Up at Miss Universe 2009.

Miss Dominican Republic 2009
The Miss República Dominicana 2009 was held at the Sans Souci Convention Center in Santo Domingo Este on 17 May 2009. The winner represented the Dominican Republic at Miss Universe 2009. The first runner-up entered Hispanoamericana 2009, the second runner-up entered Miss Continente Americano 2009, the third runner-up entered Miss Globe International 2010, and the fourth runner-up entered in Miss Bikini International 2010. Dayana Mendoza, Miss Universe 2008, was invited to the pageant.
Octachloropropane
Octachloropropane or perchloropropane is the chemical compound with elemental formula C3Cl8 and structural formula Cl3C−CCl2−CCl3. Its molecule has a simple chain of three carbon atoms connected by single bonds, with chlorine atoms filling their remaining bonds. It is a chlorocarbon, specifically the third simplest perchloroalkane (after carbon tetrachloride and hexachloroethane). It can be described as a derivative of propane C3H8, with all hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorine.

Octachloropropane is a clear white crystalline solid at room temperature, with hexagonal crystal structure. It is easily deformed by mechanical stress, without losing its crystal structure, like a metal.

Carbon tetrachloride
Carbon tetrachloride, also known by many other names (such as carbon tet for short and tetrachloromethane, also recognised by the IUPAC), is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CCl4. It is a volatile, non-flammable, dense, colourless liquid with a chloroform-like sweet odour that can be detected at low levels. It was formerly widely used in fire extinguishers, as a precursor to refrigerants, an anthelmintic and a cleaning agent, but has since been phased out because of environmental and safety concerns. Exposure to high concentrations of carbon tetrachloride can affect the central nervous system and degenerate the liver and kidneys. Prolonged exposure can be fatal.
Maura Strange
Maura Strange is the former secretary-general of the International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation from 1993 to 2012. She started her career in the 1970s volunteering with the Stoke Mandeville Hospital and remained working in disability sports until her retirement in 2012. Strange was awarded the Paralympic Order in 2009 and the International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports's Pursuit Trophy in 2013.

Stoke Mandeville Hospital
Stoke Mandeville Hospital is a large National Health Service (NHS) hospital located on the parish borders of Aylesbury and Stoke Mandeville,  Buckinghamshire, England. It is managed by Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust.

It was established in 1830 as a cholera hospital intentionally on the parish border between the neighbouring village of Stoke Mandeville and the town of Aylesbury to serve the residents of both settlements.

The hospital's National Spinal Injuries Centre is one of the largest specialist spinal units in the world, and the pioneering rehabilitation work carried out there by Sir Ludwig Guttmann, specifically the therapeutic use of competitive sport, led to the development of the Stoke Mandeville Games in 1948, the International Stoke Mandeville Games (now the World Abilitysport Games) in 1952, which in 1960 in Rome in turn became the Paralympic Games.
Heptabarb
Heptabarb (INN; Eudan, Medapan, Medomin, Noctyn), also known as heptabarbitone (BAN) or heptabarbital, is a sedative and hypnotic drug of the barbiturate family. It was used in Europe for the treatment of insomnia from the 1950s onwards, but has since been discontinued.

Barbiturate
Barbiturates are a class of depressant drugs that are chemically derived from barbituric acid. They are effective when used medically as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants, but have physical and psychological addiction potential as well as overdose potential among other possible adverse effects. They have been used recreationally for their anti-anxiety and sedative effects, and are thus controlled in most countries due to the risks associated with such use.

Barbiturates have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepines ("Z-drugs") in routine medical practice, particularly in the treatment of anxiety disorders and insomnia, because of the significantly lower risk of overdose, and the lack of an antidote for barbiturate overdose. Despite this, barbiturates are still in use for various purposes: in general anesthesia, epilepsy, treatment of acute migraines or cluster headaches, acute tension headaches, euthanasia, capital punishment, and assisted suicide.
WDBJ
WDBJ (channel 7) is a television station licensed to Roanoke, Virginia, United States, serving as the CBS affiliate for the Roanoke–Lynchburg market. It is owned by Gray Media alongside Danville-licensed MyNetworkTV affiliate WZBJ, channel 24 (and its Lynchburg-licensed Class A translator WZBJ-CD, channel 24). WDBJ and WZBJ share studios on Hershberger Road in northwest Roanoke; through a channel sharing agreement, the two stations transmit using WDBJ's spectrum from an antenna on Poor Mountain in Roanoke County.

Gray Media
Gray Media, Inc. is an American publicly traded television broadcasting company based in Atlanta. Founded in 1946 by James Harrison Gray as Gray Communications Systems, the company is the third-largest television station operator in the United States by number of stations, owning or operating 180 stations across the United States in 113 markets. Its station base consists of media markets ranging from as large as Atlanta to one of the smallest markets, North Platte, Nebraska.

In terms of quantity and numerical total, Gray Media is the largest group owner and operator of NBC-affiliated stations (with a total of 64 affiliates), ahead of Nexstar Media Group and Tegna Inc., and the second-largest group owner and operator of ABC affiliates, behind Sinclair Broadcast Group.
Dorstenia
Dorstenia is a genus within the mulberry family, Moraceae. Depending on the author, there are said to be 100 to 170 species within this genus, second only in number to the genus Ficus within Moraceae. Plants of the World Online currently accepts 122 species. Dorstenia species are mainly known for their unusual inflorescences and growth habits. Dorstenia is named in honor of the German physician and botanist Theodor Dorsten (1492–1552). The type species is Dorstenia contrajerva.

Dorstenia contrajerva
Dorstenia contrajerva is a plant species in the family Moraceae. It is native to northern South America and Central America, and is cultivated elsewhere. The species name "contrajerva" is the Latinized form of the plant's Spanish name, "contrahierba", a name for plants used for treating poisoning and venomous bites and stings, and for which its rootstocks are used in  folk medicine (as contrayerva).  It is the type species of the Dorstenia genus and was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753.
Area codes 309 and 861
Area codes 309 and 861 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the west-central part of the U.S. state of Illinois. The numbering plan area includes cities such as Bloomington, Canton, East Moline, East Peoria,  Galesburg, Geneseo, Kewanee, Macomb, Minonk, Moline, Morton, Normal, Pekin, Peoria, Rock Island, Silvis, and many smaller communities in west-central Illinois. Area code 309 was created in 1957 in a split of area code 815. 861 was added to the numbering plan area on February 24, 2023, in formation of an overlay.

Area codes 815 and 779
Area codes 815 and 779 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for most of northern Illinois outside the Quad Cities areas. It also serves the Joliet area and some of Chicago’s western and northwestern suburbs. 815 was one of the four original Illinois area codes assigned in 1947. Area code 779 was added to the same numbering plan area (NPA) in 2009 to form an overlay complex.
Matsudaira Yoshinaga
Matsudaira Yoshinaga (松平 慶永; October 10, 1828 – June 2, 1890), also known as Matsudaira Keiei, or better known as Matsudaira Shungaku (春嶽) was a Japanese daimyō of the Edo period.  He was head of Fukui Domain in Echizen Province. He is counted as one of the "Four Wise Lords of the Bakumatsu period" (幕末の四賢侯, Bakumatsu no Shikenkō), along with Date Munenari, Yamauchi Yōdō and Shimazu Nariakira.  "Yoshinaga" is his imina and "Shungaku" (春嶽, "Spring Mountain") is his gō.

Shimazu Nariakira
Shimazu Nariakira (島津 斉彬; Japanese pronunciation: [ɕiꜜ.ma.(d)zɯ | na.ɾʲi.aꜜ.kʲi.ɾa], April 28, 1809 – August 24, 1858) was a Japanese feudal lord (daimyō) of the Edo period, the 28th in the line of Shimazu clan lords of Satsuma Domain.

He was renowned as an intelligent and wise lord, and was greatly interested in Western learning and technology. He was enshrined after death as the Shinto kami Terukuni Daimyōjin (照国大明神) in May 1863.
2,6-Diaminopurine
2,6-diaminopurine (2,6-DAP, also known as 2-aminoadenine, standard IUPAC symbol n2A: N4.1, N4.4 ) is a compound once used in the treatment of leukemia. It is found instead of adenine (A) in the genetic material of some bacteriophage viruses,

In August 2011, a report, based on NASA studies with meteorites found on Earth, was published suggesting 2,6-diaminopurine and related organic molecules, including the DNA and RNA components adenine and guanine, may have been formed extraterrestrially in outer space.

Adenine
Adenine (symbol A, or Ade) is a  purine nucleotide base that is found in DNA, RNA, and ATP. Usually a white crystalline subtance. The shape of adenine is complementary and pairs to either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA. In cells adenine, as an independent molecule, is rare. It is almost always covalently bound to become a part of a larger biomolecule.

Adenine has a central role in cellular respiration. It is part of adenosine triphosphate which provides the energy that drives and supports most activities in living cells, such as protein synthesis, chemical synthesis, muscle contraction, and nerve impulse propagation. In respiration it also participates as part of the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and Coenzyme A.

It is also part of adenosine, adenosine monophosphate, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and S-adenosylmethionine.
Central angle
A central angle is an angle whose apex (vertex) is the center O of a circle and whose legs (sides) are radii intersecting the circle in two distinct points A and B. Central angles are subtended by an arc between those two points, and the arc length is the central angle of a circle of radius one (measured in radians). The central angle is also known as the arc's angular distance. The arc length spanned by a central angle on a sphere is called spherical distance.

The size of a central angle Θ is  0° < Θ < 360°  or   0 < Θ < 2π (radians). When defining or drawing a central angle, in addition to specifying the points A and B, one must specify whether the angle being defined is the convex angle (<180°) or the reflex angle (>180°). Equivalently, one must specify whether the movement from point A to point B is clockwise or counterclockwise.

Angle
In geometry, an angle is formed by two lines that meet at a point. Each line is called a side of the angle, and the point they share is called the vertex of the angle. The term angle is used to denote both geometric figures and their size or magnitude as associated quantity. Angular measure or measure of angle are sometimes used to distinguish between the measure of the quantity and figure itself. The measurement of angles is intrinsically linked with circles and rotation, and this is often visualized or defined using the arc of a circle centered at the vertex and lying between the sides.
Kelli Hill
Kelli Hill (born c. 1960) is an American artistic gymnastics coach best known for coaching Olympians Dominique Dawes, Elise Ray, and Courtney Kupets, and Olympic reserves Corrie Lothrop and Kayla DiCello. She was the head coach of the United States women's national artistic gymnastics team for the 2000 and 2004 Olympic games and the 1994, 1996, 1999, 2000, and 2003 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. From 1989 until 2011, Hill coached at least one member of the U.S. women's national artistic gymnastics team, excluding 2006. Hill also coached at least one gymnast or alternate on every Olympic team from 1992 through 2008. She is the owner of Hill's Gymnastics Training Center (Hill's Angels) in Gaithersburg, Maryland, and was inducted into the 
USA Gymnastics Hall of Fame in 2005.

Courtney Kupets
Courtney Anne Kupets Carter (born July 27, 1986) is an American former artistic gymnast. She is a two-time Olympic medalist from the 2004 Olympics (silver in the team competition, bronze on uneven bars), the 2002 world champion on the uneven bars, the 2003 U.S. national all-around champion, and the 2004 U.S. national all-around co-champion (with Carly Patterson). She is also a member of the gold medal-winning U.S. team at the 2003 World Championships.

During her time at the University of Georgia, the Georgia women's gymnastics team won four straight NCAA national championships from 2006 to 2009. During the 2009–10 season, Kupets was a student assistant coach to the team's new head coach, Jay Clark. On May 9, 2017, Kupets-Carter was announced as the new head coach of the Georgia Gym Dogs. She was relieved as head coach of Georgia Gymnastics on April 19, 2024.
United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims
The United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims (in case citations, Vet. App.) is a federal court of record that was established under Article I of the United States Constitution, and is thus referred to as an Article I tribunal (court).  The court has exclusive national jurisdiction to provide independent federal judicial oversight and review of final decisions of the Board of Veterans' Appeals.

Federal tribunals in the United States
Federal tribunals in the United States are tribunals established by the federal government of the United States for the purpose of resolving disputes involving or arising under federal laws, including questions about the constitutionality of such laws.  Such tribunals include both Article III tribunals (federal courts) as well as adjudicative entities which are classified as Article I or Article IV tribunals. Some of the latter entities are also formally denominated as courts, but they do not enjoy certain protections afforded to Article III courts. These tribunals are described in reference to the article of the United States Constitution from which the tribunal's authority stems. The use of the term "tribunal" in this context as a blanket term to encompass both courts and other adjudicative entities comes from section 8 of Article I of the Constitution, which expressly grants Congress the power to constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court of the United States.
Chain (algebraic topology)
In algebraic topology, a k-chain
is a formal linear combination of the k-cells in a cell complex. In simplicial complexes (respectively, cubical complexes), k-chains are combinations of k-simplices (respectively, k-cubes), but not necessarily connected. Chains are used in homology; the elements of a homology group are equivalence classes of chains.

Simplicial complex
In mathematics, a simplicial complex is a structured set of simplices (for example, points, line segments, triangles, and their n-dimensional counterparts) such that all the faces and intersections of the elements are also included in the set (see illustration). Simplicial complexes should not be confused with the more abstract notion of a simplicial set appearing in modern simplicial homotopy theory. The purely combinatorial counterpart to a simplicial complex is an abstract simplicial complex. To distinguish a simplicial complex from an abstract simplicial complex, the former is often called a geometric simplicial complex.: 7
Ghost site
The Ghost site (16 TE 18), or Ghost site mounds is an archaeological site in Tensas Parish, Louisiana, with an early to middle Coles Creek culture component (700–1200 AD) and a Late Coles Creek to Plaquemine culture component (1200 to 1541 AD).

Plaquemine culture
The Plaquemine culture was an archaeological culture (circa 1200 to 1700 CE) centered on the Lower Mississippi River valley. It had a deep history in the area stretching back through the earlier Coles Creek (700–1200 CE) and Troyville cultures (400–700 CE) to the Marksville culture (100 BCE to 400 CE). The Natchez and related Taensa peoples were their historic period descendants. The type site for the culture is the Medora site in Louisiana; while other examples include the Anna, Emerald, Holly Bluff, and Winterville sites in Mississippi.
M. S. Anantharaman
Mylapore Sundaram Anantharaman (26 August 1924 – 19 February 2018) was an Indian Carnatic and Hindustani violinist. He was an exponent of Parur style of violin playing. He received several awards including Kalaimamani Award and Sangeet Natak Akademi Award.

Kalaimamani
The Kalaimamani (lit. 'Jewel of Arts') is the highest civilian award in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. These awards are given by the Tamil Nadu Iyal Isai Nataka Mandram (literature, music and theatre), a unit of the Directorate of Art and Culture, Government of Tamil Nadu, to recognise artists in the state for their achievements.

The Tamil Nadu government has appointed dancer Chitra Visweswaran as the secretary of Tamil Nadu Iyal Isai Nataka Manram. Film music director Deva is its chairman.
WAXB
WAXB (850 AM) is a radio station licensed to Ridgefield, Connecticut, United States. It is one of three area stations owned by the Berkshire Broadcasting Corporation, along with WDAQ and WLAD. WAXB serves the Greater Danbury region of Connecticut and broadcasts a freeform radio format.

Because 850 AM is a clear channel frequency reserved for KOA in Denver, Colorado, and KICY in Nome, Alaska, WAXB must sign-off at night to avoid interference with those stations.

WLAD
WLAD (800 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Danbury, Connecticut, broadcasting a news/talk radio format.  WLAD is owned by Berkshire Broadcasting, with its studios and offices are located on Mill Plain Road in Danbury and its transmitter is located on Brushy Hill Road, also in Danbury.

WLAD operates at 1,000 watts using a non-directional antenna; because 800 AM is a clear channel frequency reserved for Mexico and Canada. WLAD must reduce power at night to 286 watts. In early 2017, WLAD began simulcasting on an FM translator, W231DJ at 94.1 MHz.
A Conspiracy of Kings
A Conspiracy of Kings is a young adult fantasy novel by Megan Whalen Turner, published by the Greenwillow Books imprint of HarperCollins in 2010. It is the fourth novel in the Queen's Thief series that Turner inaugurated with The Thief in 1996.

The first five chapters were released on the HarperCollins Children's Books site for previewing purposes.

The trade paper edition of August 2011 appends to the novel an original Queen's Thief short story, "Destruction", and several nonfiction items.

The Thief (Turner novel)
The Thief is a young adult fantasy novel by Megan Whalen Turner published in 1996 by Greenwillow Books, an imprint of William Morrow (later, of HarperCollins). It is the first in the Queen's Thief series, the sixth book of which was published in 2020.

It was a runner-up for the 1997 Newbery Medal and a Newbery Honor Book.

In 2012, The Thief was ranked number 13 among the Top 100 Chapter Books in a survey published by School Library Journal, a monthly with a primarily U.S. audience.