hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Craig Whelihan
Craig Dominic Whelihan (born April 15, 1971) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL), XFL, and Arena Football League (AFL). He played college football for the Pacific Tigers. He was selected by the San Diego Chargers in the sixth round of the 1995 NFL draft.

Pacific Tigers football
The Pacific Tigers football team represented the University of the Pacific in NCAA Division I-A (now FBS) college football. The team competed in the Big West Conference during their last season in 1995. They played their home games at Stagg Memorial Stadium in Stockton, California. On December 19, 1995, the Board of Regents voted to disband the team in order to save money for the athletic program, which was reported to have gone over $400,000 in debt. All scholarships were honored for current players of the team.
Renhua County
Renhua County (postal: Yanfa; simplified Chinese: 仁化县; traditional Chinese: 仁化縣; pinyin: Rénhuà Xiàn) is a county in the northernmost portion of Guangdong province, in China, bordering Jiangxi to the northeast and Hunan to the northwest. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shaoguan. Renhua County spans an area of 2,223 square kilometres (858 mi2), and has a population of 200,354 as of the 2010 Chinese Census.

County (China)
Counties (县) are found in the third level of the administrative hierarchy in provinces and autonomous regions and the second level in municipalities and Hainan, a level that is known as "county level" and also contains autonomous counties, county-level cities, banners, autonomous banners and city districts. There are 1,355 counties in mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions.

The term xian is sometimes translated as "district" or "prefecture" when put in the context of Chinese history.
Quranic cosmology
Quranic cosmology is how the Quran views the nature of the cosmos, especially its origins, development, and structure. In the Quran, the cosmos originates in an act of creation by God of the heavens and the earth over the course of six days, with the earth being created first, and the heavens second. The layout of the cosmos includes a solid firmament (called the heaven), below it being a flat earth compared to a spread-out bed. A cosmic ocean is found both above the heaven and below the earth. The number of heavens is seven, with possibly seven earths as well, arranged like a stack of plates. Above the highest heaven is the Throne of God.

In the Quran, cosmology is related to themes of purpose, divine will, and an emphasis on the ordering of the world to allow human beings to live on it.

Firmament
In ancient Near Eastern cosmology, the firmament was a celestial barrier  that separated the heavenly waters above from the Earth below. In biblical cosmology, the firmament (Hebrew: רָקִ֫יעַ‎ rāqīaʿ) was the vast solid dome created by God during the Genesis creation narrative to separate the primal sea into upper and lower portions so that the dry land could appear.

The concept was adopted into the subsequent Classical and Medieval models of heavenly spheres, but was dropped with advances in astronomy in the 16th and 17th centuries. Today the word is sometimes used as a synonym for the sky or for heaven.
Rosa 'Jens Munk'
Rosa 'Jens Munk'  is a medium pink, Hybrid Rugosa cultivar, bred by Canadian rose breeder, Felicitas Svejda in 1964. It was introduced in Canada in 1979 by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Named for the Norwegian explorer, Jens Munk,  who explored the Northwest Passage in 1619, it is one of the Canadian Explorer roses that Svejda developed and named in honour of legendary Canadian explorers.

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC; sometimes Ag-Canada; French: Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada) is the department of the Government of Canada responsible for the federal regulation of agriculture, including policies governing the production, processing, and marketing of all farm, food, and agri-based products. Agriculture in Canada is a shared jurisdiction and the department works with the provinces and territories in the development and delivery of policies and programs.

The minister of agriculture and agri-food is responsible for the department to Parliament. While the minister is head of the department, and provides policy/political direction, the day-to-day operations of the department are managed by the deputy minister, who is a public servant.
506th Bombardment Squadron
The 506th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  It was last assigned to the 44th Bombardment Wing at Chennault Air Force Base, Louisiana, where it was inactivated on 15 June 1960.

The squadron was first activated in 1942 as a replacement unit to fill out the 44th Bombardment Group.  After training in the United States. it joined its parent group in the European Theater of Operations.  The squadron flew combat missions in the strategic bombing campaign against Germany until the end of the air war in Europe, earning two Distinguished Unit Citations.  It returned to the United States and began training with Boeing B-29 Superfortress bombers, but was inactivated in August 1946.

The squadron was reactivated in 1958, when Strategic Air Command expanded its Boeing B-47 Stratojet wings from three to four squadrons.

Chennault International Airport
Chennault International Airport (IATA: CWF, ICAO: KCWF, FAA LID: CWF) is a public aerospace/industrial complex in Lake Charles, in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is governed by the Chennault International Airport Authority. The facility covers 1,310 acres (530 ha) of land. The main runway is, at 10,702 feet (3,262 meters), among the longest along the Gulf Coast.

The facility was originally the Lake Charles Army Airfield, being renamed Chennault Air Force Base for military aviator Claire Chennault, who commanded the Flying Tigers fighter group during World War II.

The airport was named Louisiana's Airport of the Year in 2021.
Grumman LLV
The Grumman Long Life Vehicle (LLV) is an American light transport truck model designed as a mail truck for the United States Postal Service, which has been its primary user since it first entered service in 1986, 40 years ago. It was also used by Canada Post. The LLV uses a chassis built by General Motors based on its Chevrolet S-10 with an aluminum body built by Grumman.

In 2021, after a long competition, the USPS announced it had awarded a $6 billion contract to Oshkosh Defense to produce the Next Generation Delivery Vehicle, which will replace the LLV. In February 2023, the USPS announced the purchase of 9,250 each of stock Ford E-Transit vans and Stellantis gasoline-powered vans. As of May 2023, the first custom NGDVs were scheduled to enter service in June 2024, nine months after the original October 2023 target date.

Oshkosh Corporation
Oshkosh Corporation, formerly Oshkosh Truck, is an American industrial company that designs and builds specialty trucks, military vehicles, truck bodies, airport fire apparatus, and access equipment. The corporation also owns Pierce Manufacturing, a fire apparatus manufacturer in Appleton, Wisconsin, and JLG Industries, a manufacturer of lift equipment, including aerial lifts, boom lifts, scissor lifts, telehandlers and low-level access lifts.

Based in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, the company employs approximately 15,000 people around the world at 130 facilities in 24 countries. It is organized in four primary business groups: access equipment, defense, fire and emergency, and commercial.
2022–23 Kategoria e Parë
The 2022–23 Kategoria e Parë was the 75th official season of the Albanian football second-tier since its establishment. The season began on 3 September 2022 and ended on 18 May 2023. There were 14 teams competing this season. The winning and runner-up teams gained promotion to the 2023–24 Kategoria Superiore. The promotion play-offs winner will play a promotion play-off match against the 8th ranked team of the 2022–23 Kategoria Superiore. Dinamo Tirana and Skënderbeu were promoted to the 2023–24 Kategoria Superiore. Besëlidhja, Oriku, Tërbuni and Turbina were relegated to the 2023–24 Kategoria e Dytë.

Kategoria e Dytë
Kategoria e Dytë is the third tier of professional football in Albania’s league system. Known as the Second Division since the 2004–05 season, it consists of 23 teams split into two geographically-based groups. The winners of each group secure promotion to Kategoria e Parë and face off in the final to determine the season’s overall champion. Meanwhile, the last positioned teams in each group are relegated to Kategoria e Tretë.
2009–10 Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team
The 2009–10 Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team represented Michigan State University in the 2009–10 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Their head coach was Tom Izzo who was in his 15th year. The Spartans played their home games at the Breslin Center in East Lansing, Michigan and were members of the Big Ten Conference. MSU finished the season 28–9, 14–4 in Big Ten play to earn a share of the Big Ten regular season championship for the 12th time in school history. They lost to Minnesota in the quarterfinals of the Big Ten tournament. The Spartans received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as a No. 5 seed, their 13th consecutive trip to the NCAA Tournament under Izzo. They defeated New Mexico State, Maryland, Northern Iowa, and Tennessee to advance to the Final Four. In the Final Four, the Spartans' sixth trip to the Final Four under Izzo, they lost to Butler.

2009–10 Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball team
The 2009–10 Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball team represented the University of Minnesota in the college basketball season of 2009–2010. The team's head coach was Tubby Smith in his third year. The Golden Gophers played their home games at Williams Arena in Minneapolis and are members of the Big Ten Conference. They finished the season 21–14, 9–9 in Big Ten play. They advanced to the championship game of the 2010 Big Ten Conference men's basketball tournament before losing to Ohio State. They received an at-large bid to the 2010 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, earning an 11 seed in the West Region. They lost to six-seed and AP #25 Xavier in the first round.
Chloe Rollie
Chloe Rollie (born 26 June 1995 in Edinburgh) is a Scottish international rugby union footballer who currently plays as a full-back for Trailfinders in the Premier 15s, as well as the Scottish national team.

Scotland women's national rugby union team
The Scotland women's national rugby union team represents Scotland in women's international rugby union and is governed by the Scottish Rugby Union. The team competes in the annual Women's Six National Championship and has competed in five of the Women's Rugby World Cups since their hosted debut in 1994. The Nation plays an important role in the rugby world stage.
Courts of South Africa
The courts of South Africa are the civil and criminal courts responsible for the administration of justice in South Africa. They apply the law of South Africa and are established under the Constitution of South Africa or under Acts of the Parliament of South Africa.

Despite South Africa's division into nine provinces, the country has a single national court system. The courts are funded and supported by the national Department of Justice and Constitutional Development. The ordinary courts are the district and regional magistrates' courts, the provincial divisions of the High Court, and the Supreme Court of Appeal. The Constitutional Court is the highest court for constitutional matters.

Specialist courts have been established for various matters, including Labour Courts, the Land Claims Court, Special Income Tax Courts, and the Electoral Court. African customary law is administered by chiefs' and headmen's courts, subject to the National House of Traditional Leaders.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Pectin
Pectin (Ancient Greek: πηκτικός pēktikós: 'congealed' and 'curdled') is a heteropolysaccharide, a structural polymer contained in the cell walls and middle lamellae of terrestrial plants. The principal chemical component of pectin is galacturonic acid (a sugar acid derived from galactose) which was isolated and described by Henri Braconnot in 1825. Commercially produced pectin is a white-to-light-brown powder, produced from citrus fruits for use as an edible gelling agent, especially in jams and jellies, dessert fillings, medications, and sweets; as a food stabiliser in fruit juices and milk drinks; and as a source of dietary fiber.

Middle lamella
The middle lamella is a layer that cements together the primary cell walls of two adjoining plant cells.  It is the first formed layer to be deposited at the time of cytokinesis.  The cell plate that is formed during cell division itself develops into middle lamella or lamellum. The middle lamella is made up of calcium and magnesium pectates.  In a mature plant cell it is the outermost layer of cell wall.

In plants, the pectins form a unified and continuous layer between adjacent cells. Frequently, it is difficult to distinguish the middle lamella from the primary wall, especially in cells that develop thick secondary walls. In such cases, the two adjacent primary walls and the middle lamella, and perhaps the first layer of the secondary wall of each cell, may be called a compound middle lamella. When the middle lamella is degraded by enzymes, as happens during fruit ripening and abscission, the adjacent cells will separate.
Vida MacLean
Vida Mary Katie MacLean RRC (4 November 1881 – 1 July 1970) was a New Zealand civilian and military nurse and hospital matron with the New Zealand Army Nursing Service Corps during World War I and the Samoan Expeditionary Forces in 1914.

MacLean was born in Hunterville, New Zealand, on 4 November 1881 to mother Julia Williamson and father Finlay McLean. Her father came from Scotland and bought the Bird Grove farm where MacLean spent her childhood. The MacLean family became the first Pākeha settlers in the area.  She completed her nurses training at Whanganui Hospital, passing in December 1909.

Royal Red Cross
The Royal Red Cross (RRC) is a military decoration awarded in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth for exceptional services in military nursing. It was created in 1883, and the first two awards were to Florence Nightingale and Jane Cecilia Deeble. Deeble had served in Zulu Kingdom and the Colony of Natal during the Anglo-Zulu War in 1879, and she had noted that the work of the nurses was not recognised officially.
Battles of Iqtiya, Qatiya, Genayen, and Merih
On July 21, 2020, jihadists from Islamic State – Sinai Province (ISSP) attacked an Egyptian military camp in the village of Rabaa, on the outskirts of Bir al-Abd, Sinai Peninsula. The attack was in preparation for a larger assault on an Egyptian security complex in the town, but Egyptian forces repelled the attack. ISSP militants then fled and captured four towns near Bir el-Abd, which they occupied until October. Booby-trapped buildings in the towns then killed fourteen civilians. The attack was the most significant attack by ISSP against Egyptian forces in several years.

Islamic State – Sinai Province
The Islamic State – Sinai Province (IS-SP; Arabic: الدولة الإسلامية – ولاية سيناء, al-Dawlah al-Islāmiyah – Wilayah Sīnāʼ) was one of the Islamic State branchs that was active in Egypt, along with the Islamic State – Egypt Province. It was active mainly the Sinai Peninsula.
Anfisa Ageeva
Anfisa Maksimovna Ageeva, also Anfisa/Anfissa Agejeva/Ageyeva (Russian: Анфиса Максимовна Агеева, née Zakharova (Russian: Захарова); born 12 February 1952, in Kanevka, Murmansk, Soviet Union) is a Russian Kildin Sámi author, translator, musician, and activist. In 2001, she was the first Sámi person from Russia to participate in the Sámi Grand Prix and the first to win it.

Kildin Sámi
Kildin Sámi, also spelt as Kildin Saami is a Sámi language spoken on the Kola Peninsula of northwestern Russia by the Kildin Sámi, who have historically inhabited the peninsula.

The Sámi languages closest to Kildin are Ter Sámi and Akkala Sámi, in Soviet tradition sometimes considered to be dialects of Kildin Sámi. From a strictly geographical point of view, only Kildin and Ter, spoken on the Peninsula, could be regarded as Kola Sámi. It is the largest of the Eastern Sámi languages by number of speakers. However, unlike its close relatives Skolt Sámi or Inari Sámi Kildin is today only used actively by very few people.
Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1988
Norway was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1988 with the song "For vår jord", composed by Anita Skorgan, with lyrics by Erik Hillestad, and performed by Karoline Krüger. The Norwegian participating broadcaster, Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK), selected its entry through the Melodi Grand Prix 1988.

Melodi Grand Prix
Melodi Grand Prix (Norwegian: [mɛlʊˈdiː ɡrɑŋ ˈpriː]), commonly known as Grand Prix and MGP, sometimes as Norsk Melodi Grand Prix, is an annual music competition organised by Norwegian public broadcaster Norsk rikskringkasting (NRK). It determines its entry for the Eurovision Song Contest, and has been staged almost every year since 1960.

The festival has produced three Eurovision winners, a non-winning televote winner and nine top-five placings for Norway at the contest. However, Norway holds the record for the number of entries who have come last since entering Eurovision; 12 in all. Despite this, the competition still makes considerable impact on music charts in Norway and other Nordic countries, with the 2008 winner topping the Norwegian charts.
Giovanni Ambrogio Migliavacca
Giovanni Ambrogio Migliavacca (c. 1718 – c. 1795) was an Italian poet and librettist. A student and protégé of Metastasio, he was primarily active in the court theaters of Dresden and Vienna. His most successful work was the libretto for the opera Solimano, first set by Johann Adolph Hasse in 1753 and subsequently set by  eighteen other composers in the following decades.

Pietro Metastasio
Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapassi (3 January 1698 – 12 April 1782), better known by his pseudonym of Pietro Metastasio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpjɛːtro metaˈstaːzjo]), was an Italian poet and librettist, considered the most important writer of opera seria libretti.
Killanny
Killanny (Irish: Cill Eanaigh) is a civil parish in Counties Louth and Monaghan in the mid-east of Ireland. Killanny is also a Catholic parish in the Diocese of Clogher. It is named after Saint Enda of Aran, known by the diminutive Éanna. The civil parish consists of 31 townlands in County Monaghan and 11 in County Louth. The townland of Killany, which can also be spelled Killanny or Killaney, lies within County Louth and contains the old St. Ultan's parish church and graveyard. 
The main Dublin–Derry road passes through Killanny. Several small lakes are to be found throughout the parish and the soil quality is superior to that of the north of Carrickmacross, reflecting the underlying limestone rock.

Carrickmacross
Carrickmacross (Irish: Carraig Mhachaire Rois, meaning 'rock of the wooded plain') is a town in County Monaghan, Ireland. The population was 5,745 at the 2022 census, making it the second-largest town in the county. Carrickmacross is a market town which developed around a castle built by the Earl of Essex in 1630. The town is 20km west of Dundalk and 75km north-north-west of Dublin city centre and 106km south west of Belfast. Carrickmacross won the European Entente Florale Silver Medal Award in 1998.
Don Wagstaff
Donald Douglas Wagstaff, MBE (born 24 July 1949) is an Australian former diver who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics, in the 1972 Summer Olympics, and in the 1976 Summer Olympics. He also participated in four Commonwealth Games events, from the 1966 Games in Kingston up to the 1978 Commonwealth Games in Edmonton.

1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
The 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games were held in Kingston, Jamaica, from 4 to 13 August 1966. This was the first time that the Games had been held outside the so-called White Dominions. The opening ceremony was the first Games to be opened in the evening. The event was followed by the 1966 Commonwealth Paraplegic Games for wheelchair athletes. Jamaica remains the only host nation of a Commonwealth Games that did not win at least one gold medal in its own games.

Two sports; lawn bowls and rowing were dropped from the Games due to lack of facilities and were replaced by the debut sports of badminton and shooting. A record 38 countries competed at the Games.
Rod Ansell
Rodney William Ansell (1 October 1954 – 3 August 1999) was an Australian cattle grazier and a buffalo hunter. Described to be from "the bush", Ansell became famous in 1977 after he was stranded in extremely remote country in the Northern Territory, and the story of his survival for 56 days with limited supplies became news headlines around the world. Consequently, he served as the inspiration for Paul Hogan's character in the 1986 film Crocodile Dundee. In 1999, he was killed in a shootout by policemen of the Northern Territory Police.

Stockman (Australia)
In Australia and New Caledonia, a stockman (plural stockmen) is a person who looks after the livestock on a station, traditionally on horse. It has a similar meaning to "cowboy". A stockman may also be employed at an abattoir, feedlot, on a livestock export ship, or with a stock and station agency.
Buriolestes
Buriolestes is a genus of early sauropodomorph dinosaurs from the Late Triassic Santa Maria Formation of the Paraná Basin in southern Brazil. It contains a single species, B. schultzi, named in 2016. The type specimen was found alongside a specimen of the lagerpetid dinosauromorph Ixalerpeton.

Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauromorpha is a clade of avemetatarsalians (archosaurs closer to crocodilians) and birds that includes the Dinosauria (dinosaurs) and some of their close relatives. It was originally defined to include dinosauriforms and lagerpetids, with later formulations specifically excluding pterosaurs from the group. Birds are the only dinosauromorphs which survive to the present day.
Dot (command)
In a Unix shell, the full stop called the dot command (.) is a command that evaluates commands in a computer file in the current execution context. In the C shell, a similar functionality is provided as the source command, and this name is seen in "extended" POSIX shells as well.

The dot command is not to be confused with a dot file, which is a dot-prefixed hidden file or hidden directory. Nor is it to be confused with the ./scriptfile notation for running commands, which is simply a relative path pointing to the current directory (notated in Unix as a '.' character, and typically outside of the Path variable).

PATH (variable)
PATH is an environment variable on Unix-like operating systems, DOS, OS/2, and Microsoft Windows, specifying a set of directories where executable programs are located. In general, each executing process or user session has its own PATH setting.