hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
One Second (film)
One Second (Chinese: 一秒钟) is a 2020 drama film directed by Zhang Yimou, about a man who escapes from a Laogai camp during the Cultural Revolution. The film is co-produced by China and Hong Kong, and based on the novel The Criminal Lu Yanshi, by author Geling Yan. Yan is not credited in the film, which has led to controversy.

Laogai
Laogai (Chinese: 劳改), short for laodong gaizao (劳动改造), which means reform through labor, is a criminal justice system involving the use of penal labor and prison farms in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Láogǎi (劳改) is different from láojiào (劳教), or re-education through labor, which was the abolished administrative detention system for people who were not criminals but had committed minor offenses, and was intended to "reform offenders into law-abiding citizens".  Persons who were detained in the laojiao were detained in facilities that were separate from those which comprised the general prison system of the laogai. Both systems, however, were based on penal labor.

Some writers have likened the laogai to slavery.
Jim Burns (basketball)
James Burton Burns (September 21, 1945 – December 11, 2020) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the United States Attorney for the Northern District of Illinois from 1993 until 1997 under President Bill Clinton.

He also ran alongside Neil Hartigan as the Democratic nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Illinois in the 1990 election, which they narrowly lost. He later ran unsuccessfully for governor in 1998, finishing fourth of six candidates in the Democratic primary.

Before his law career, he was a professional basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and American Basketball Association (ABA).

Neil Hartigan
Cornelius Francis Hartigan (born May 4, 1938) is an American politician, lawyer, and judge who served as the 38th Attorney General of Illinois and the 40th Lieutenant Governor of Illinois. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

Born into a politically active Chicago family, Hartigan began his political career under Mayor Richard J. Daley. He was elected Lieutenant Governor of Illinois in 1972 alongside Dan Walker. Although he won renomination for a second term, Hartigan and Michael Howlett lost the 1976 election.

Hartigan went on to be elected attorney general in 1982 and was reelected in 1986. He was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Illinois in 1990, but he narrowly lost the race to Republican Jim Edgar. In 2002, Hartigan was elected to the Illinois Appellate Court and retired in 2004. He was later appointed to the Illinois Court of Claims and served from 2013 until 2019.
Pavlo Moroz
Pavlo Moroz (born September 28, 1974 in Kyiv, Ukraine) was the Deputy Minister of Justice of Ukraine.

In 1997, Moroz graduated from the Department of International Law, Institute of International Relations at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. He worked at various companies, including Deloitte and Ernst & Young. In 2001, he became an attorney at law and obtained the required certificate. In February 2016, he was appointed as Deputy Minister of Justice on state registration. He coordinates and supervises activities of the State Registration and Notaries Department.

Ministry of Justice (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Justice of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Міністерство юстиції України, romanized: Ministerstvo yustytsiyi Ukrayiny), abbr.  Мінюст [України], Minjust [of Ukraine], is the main body in the system of central government of Ukraine that regulates state legal policy. It is one of the oldest ministerial offices of the country tracing its history back to the beginning of 20th century.
Sana Daoudi
Sana Daoudi (Arabic: سناء الداودي; born 12 March 1998) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Première Ligue club Guingamp. Born in France, she has represented her country of birth and Morocco at youth and senior levels, respectively.

Morocco women's national football team
The Morocco women's national football team (Arabic: منتخب المغرب لكرة القدم للسيدات) represents Morocco in international women's football and is managed by the Royal Moroccan Football Federation.

The team played its first international match in 1998 during the inaugural Women's Africa Cup of Nations. They later achieved runners-up finishes in the 2022 and 2024 editions of the tournament. They made their debut at the FIFA Women's World Cup in 2023, where they advanced to the knock-out stage after finishing second in their group, before being eliminated in the Round of 16 by France.
The Journal of Olympia, Lacey & Tumwater
The Journal of Olympia, Lacey & Tumwater, referred to as The JOLT and also known under the acronym, JOLT,  is a non-profit digital news publication and organization that covers the Olympia, Lacey, and Tumwater metropolitan area. The news site, which focuses on regional issues, particularly government concerns and public hearings, first began operations in May 2020.

Lacey, Washington
Lacey is a city in Thurston County, Washington, United States. It is a suburb of Olympia with a population of 53,526 at the 2020 census, making it the 24th most populous city in Washington. Lacey is located along Interstate 5 between Olympia and the Nisqually River, which marks the border with Pierce County and Joint Base Lewis–McChord.
Rob Kearney
Robert Kearney (born 26 March 1986) is an Irish former rugby union player. He spent 15 years playing for Leinster, before having a six-month stint in Australia where he played for Perth based side Western Force. Kearney also played over a decade for the Ireland national rugby union team with whom he earned 95 caps, and went on two British & Irish Lions tours in 2009 and 2013. As a youth Kearney also played rugby union for Clongowes Wood College and Gaelic football for Louth in the All-Ireland Minor Championship.

Louth GAA
The Louth County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael, Coiste Chontae an Lú) or Louth GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Louth.

It oversees competitions such as the Louth Senior Football Championship (SFC), Louth Intermediate Football Championship (IFC), Louth Junior Football Championship (JFC) and Louth Senior Hurling Championship (SHC), as well as numerous underage and secondary competitions.

The county board is also responsible for the Louth county teams in both football and hurling. The county football team won the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) in 1910, 1912 and again in 1957.
Stipshausen
Stipshausen is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Herrstein-Rhaunen, whose seat is in Herrstein.

Birkenfeld (district)
Birkenfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪʁkŋ̍fɛlt]) is a district (Landkreis) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Its seat is the town of Birkenfeld. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Sankt Wendel (Saarland), Trier-Saarburg, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Rhein-Hunsrück, Bad Kreuznach and Kusel.
Stallings theorem about ends of groups
In the mathematical subject of group theory, the Stallings theorem about ends of groups states that a finitely generated group  has more than one end if and only if the group  admits a nontrivial decomposition as an amalgamated free product or an HNN extension over a finite subgroup. In the modern language of Bass–Serre theory the theorem says that a finitely generated group  has more than one end if and only if  admits a nontrivial (that is, without a global fixed point) action on a simplicial tree with finite edge-stabilizers and without edge-inversions.

The theorem was proved by John R. Stallings, first in the torsion-free case (1968) and then in the general case (1971).

Bass–Serre theory
Bass–Serre theory is a part of the mathematical subject of group theory that deals with analyzing the algebraic structure of groups acting by automorphisms on simplicial trees. The theory relates group actions on trees with decomposing groups as iterated applications of the operations of free product with amalgamation and HNN extension, via the notion of the fundamental group of a graph of groups. Bass–Serre theory can be regarded as one-dimensional version of the orbifold theory.
Bir ed-Duwali
Bir ed-Duwali, Kh. Bir ed-Dawali or Kh. 'Awaad is an archaeological site located on the southwestern slopes of Beitunia, West Bank, just north of Giv'at Ze'ev. Founded in the Hasmonean period, likely under John Hyrcanus, it was a Jewish rural settlement of the Second Temple period, occupied through the Hellenistic and early Roman phases until its destruction in 67 CE during the First Jewish–Roman War; the site was reoccupied in the Late Roman, Byzantine, and Early Islamic periods.

Excavations uncovered the remains of several houses, five Jewish ritual baths (mikva'ot), a colonnaded public building, a lever-and-weight (beam) olive press, a pottery workshop, and evidence of stone-vessel production; more than 300 bronze coins were recovered, including hoards from the revolt's second year. Approximately 1 km west of the site, an ancient cemetery serving the settlement contained the remains of 51 individuals interred in kokhim.

Mikveh
A mikveh (pronounced [/ˈmik.ve/]; Hebrew: מִקְוֶא, romanized: miqveʾ, lit. 'a gathering [of water]'; pl. mikve'ot or mikvot) or mikvah (IPA: [/miqˈwaː/]) is a bath used during ritual immersion in Judaism to achieve ritual purity.

In Orthodox Judaism, these regulations are steadfastly adhered to; consequently, the mikveh is central to an Orthodox Jewish community. Conservative Judaism also formally holds to the regulations. The existence of a mikveh is considered so important that, according to Halakha, a Jewish community is required to construct a kosher mikveh even before building a synagogue, and must go to the extreme of selling Torah scrolls, or even a synagogue if necessary, to provide funding for its construction.
Renaissance Sword Club
The Renaissance Sword Club is a historical European martial arts group based in the South East of England. It was founded in 2013 by Rob Runacres. Its primary aim is the research and recreation of European swordsmanship of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, specifically those concerned with the rapier and spada da lato, as well as their companion weapons such as the dagger, cloak, buckler and rotella. Members have also pursued interests outside of the core curriculum in to staff weapons, longsword and small sword.

Rapier
A rapier (/ˈreɪpiər/) is a type of sword originally used in Spain (known as espada ropera, 'dress sword') and Italy (known as spada da lato a striscia).  The name designates a sword with a straight, slender and sharply pointed two-edged long blade wielded in one hand. Known for its elegant design and intricate hilt, it was widely popular in Western Europe throughout the 16th and 17th centuries as a symbol of nobility or gentleman status.

As fencing spread throughout Western Europe, important sources for rapier fencing arose in Spain, known under the term destreza ("dexterity"), in Italy and France. The French small sword or court sword of the 18th century was a direct continuation of this tradition of fencing.

Rapier fencing forms part of Historical European Martial Arts. The rapier has also been widely used in theatrical productions and films. The Society of American Fight Directors recognizes rapier and dagger as one of the eight main weapon disciplines of stage combat.
Landstad, Wisconsin
Landstad is an unincorporated community located in the town of Lessor, Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. Landstad is located on Wisconsin Highway 47, 5.5 miles (8.9 km) south of Bonduel. The Landstad post office was established by its first postmaster, Sven G. Morgan, in June 1882 and discontinued in 1902. The community was likely named for Magnus Brostrup Landstad, a popular poet and hymnal writer at the time.

Wisconsin Highway 47
State Trunk Highway 47 (often called Highway 47, STH-47 or WIS 47) is a 188.01-mile (302.57 km) state highway in the northeastern and northern parts of the US state of Wisconsin that runs in a diagonal northwest–southeast from  Menasha to Manitowish.
Earl of Forfar
Earl of Forfar is a title that has been created twice, once in the Peerage of Scotland and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The name of the earldom refers to Forfar, the county town of Angus, Scotland. The current holder is Prince Edward, son of Elizabeth II and brother of Charles III.

Angus, Scotland
Angus (Scots: Angus; Scottish Gaelic: Aonghas) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. The council area borders Aberdeenshire, Dundee City and Perth and Kinross. Main industries include agriculture and fishing. Global pharmaceuticals company GSK has a significant presence in Montrose in the east of the county.

Angus was historically a province, and later a sheriffdom and county (called Forfarshire or the County of Forfar until 1928), bordering Kincardineshire to the north-east, Aberdeenshire to the north and Perthshire to the west; southwards it faced Fife across the Firth of Tay. The county included Dundee until 1894, when it was made a county of a city. The pre-1894 boundaries of Angus continue to be used as a registration county. Between 1975 and 1996 Angus was a lower-tier district within the Tayside region. The district took on its modern form and powers in 1996, since when the local authority has been Angus Council.
1771 Naval Air Squadron
1771 Naval Air Squadron (1771 NAS) was a Naval Air Squadron of the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm which disbanded at HMS Nabbington, RNAS Nowra, near Sydney, in October 1945. Notably, the squadron was the first British & Commonwealth unit to fly over Japan in the Second World War. The squadron formed at HMS Heron, RNAS Yeovilton at the start of February 1944, as a Fighter Squadron and also operated from HMS Ringtail, RNAS Burscough, and HMS Landrail, RNAS Machrihanish, with deck landing training on the escort carriers HMS Trumpeter and HMS Ravager before embarking in the fleet carrier HMS Implacable in September. It was involved in sorties over Norway including reconnaissance of the German battleship Tirpitz and other anti-shipping strikes. The squadron remained in HMS Implacable and joined the British Pacific Fleet participating in attacks on the Caroline Islands and the Japanese home islands, and becoming part of the 8th Carrier Air Group.

RNAS Yeovilton
Royal Naval Air Station Yeovilton, commonly referred to as RNAS Yeovilton, (IATA: YEO, ICAO: EGDY) (HMS Heron) is an airbase of the Royal Navy, sited a few miles north of Yeovil, in the English county of Somerset.  It is one of two active Fleet Air Arm bases, the other being RNAS Culdrose.  RNAS Yeovilton is currently home to the Royal Navy Wildcat HMA2, along with Army Air Corps Wildcat AH1 helicopters, as well as the Royal Navy's Commando Helicopter Force Merlin HCi3/4/4A and Wildcat AH1 helicopters.

The site consists of 1,000 acres (1.6 square miles; 4.0 square kilometres) of airfield sites, plus ranges and minor estates.  Royal Naval Air Station (RNAS) Yeovilton is a large multi-role air station, with an annual budget of some £61 million.  The airfield is also home to the Fleet Air Arm Museum, and until 2019 the station hosted an annual Air Day in July.
Dakota Southern Railway
The Dakota Southern Railway (reporting mark DSRC) was a railroad that until late May 2021 ran 189.7 miles (305.3 km) between Kadoka, South Dakota, and Mitchell, South Dakota, and which continued to service the approximately 10 miles (16 km) of remaining active track of the Napa Junction–Platte Line in southern South Dakota.  It connected with the BNSF Railway in Mitchell and Napa Junction respectively.

Mitchell, South Dakota
Mitchell (Lakota: Čhaŋkȟá-Ok'é) is a city in and the county seat of Davison County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 15,660 at the 2020 census making it the seventh most populous city in South Dakota.

Mitchell is the principal city of the Mitchell Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Davison and Hanson counties.
Caroline Hedwall
Caroline Ingrid Hedwall (born 13 May 1989) is a Swedish professional golfer who plays on the Ladies European Tour (LET) and the LPGA Tour. In 2013 she became the first player to win five matches in a single Solheim Cup event. As an amateur she was a dominating player, winning the European Ladies Amateur Championship as well as the individual titles at the Espirito Santo Trophy and the NCAA Championship.

Ladies European Tour
The Ladies European Tour is a professional golf tour for women which was founded in 1978. Most of the players on the tour are European, with members from more than 40 countries internationally. Despite its name, the tour also has tournaments in Africa, Asia, North America and Oceania.

The organization is based at Buckinghamshire Golf Club near London in England. Like many British-based sports organisations it is a company limited by guarantee, a legal structure which enables it to focus on maximising returns to its members through prize money, rather than on making profits for investors. The tour is run by a board of directors and a Players' Council.
Muriel Robertson
Muriel Robertson FRS, FRSTM, F.I.Biol (8 April 1883 – 14 June 1973) was a Scottish protozoologist and bacteriologist at the Lister Institute, London from 1915 to 1961. She made key discoveries of the life cycle of trypanosomes. She was one of the founding members of the Society for Microbiology along with Alexander Fleming and Marjory Stephenson.

Protistology
Protistology is a scientific discipline devoted to the study of protists, a highly diverse group of eukaryotic organisms. All eukaryotes apart from animals, plants and fungi are considered protists. Its field of study therefore overlaps with the more traditional disciplines of phycology, mycology, and protozoology, just as protists embrace mostly unicellular organisms described as algae, some organisms regarded previously as primitive fungi, and protozoa ("animal" motile protists lacking chloroplasts).

They are a paraphyletic group with very diverse morphologies and lifestyles. Their sizes range from unicellular picoeukaryotes only a few micrometres in diameter to multicellular marine algae several metres long.
Nodena phase
The Nodena phase is an archaeological phase in eastern Arkansas and southeastern Missouri of the Late Mississippian culture which dates from about 1400–1650 CE. The Nodena phase is known from a collection of villages along the Mississippi River between the Missouri Bootheel and Wapanocca Lake. They practiced extensive maize agriculture and artificial cranial deformation and were members of a continent wide trade and religious network known as the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex, which brought chert, whelk shells, and other exotic goods to the area.

The Spanish Hernando de Soto Expedition is believed to have visited several sites in the Nodena phase in the early 1540s, which is usually identified as the Province of Pacaha.

Artificial cranial deformation
Artificial cranial deformation or modification, head flattening, or head binding is a form of body alteration in which the skull of a human being is deformed intentionally. It is done by distorting the normal growth of a child's skull by applying pressure. Flat shapes, elongated ones (produced by binding between two pieces of wood), rounded ones (binding in cloth), and conical ones are among those chosen or valued in various cultures.

Typically, the alteration is carried out on an infant, when the skull is most pliable. In a typical case, head binding begins approximately a month after birth and continues for about six months.
Andrea Siodmok
Andrea Siodmok OBE FRSA (née Cooper) (born 1972) is a British industrial designer and social innovator.  She is a Professor and Dean of the School of Design at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT University). She is currently also visiting Professor for impact at Northumbria University and a Governor of the Glasgow School of Art. Andrea received an OBE for public service in the 2021 Queen's Birthday Honours.

Birthday Honours
The Birthday Honours, in some Commonwealth realms, mark the reigning monarch's official birthday in each realm by granting various individuals appointment into national or dynastic orders or the award of decorations and medals. The honours are presented by the monarch or a viceregal representative. The Birthday Honours are one of two annual honours lists, along with the New Year Honours. All royal honours are published in the relevant gazette.
Museum of Contemporary Art of Lima
The Museum of Contemporary Art of Lima (Spanish: Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Lima, MAC Lima) is a contemporary art museum in Barranco District, Lima, Peru. The museum was designed by Peruvian architect Frederick Cooper Llosa and built on land donated by the Municipality of Barranco. It is run as a private non-profit organization.

Barranco District
Barranco is a district of Lima, Peru. A seaside district of the city, it is considered a bohemian and artistic centre, being the home and working place of many of Peru's leading artists, musicians, designers and photographers. Its beaches are among the most popular within the worldwide surfing community, and a marina completed in 2008 provides state-of-the-art services for its yacht club.

The Monumental Zone of Barranco (Spanish: Zona Monumental de Barranco) is the designation under which most of the district is administered under a special regime that protects the monumental heritage located in the district. The area, alongside its monuments, forms part of the cultural heritage of Peru.
Adam Sanders
Adam Sanders (born May 25, 1988) is an American singer and songwriter.  In 2025, he won the first season of the music competition series The Road.  Sanders has released 18 singles, five EPs, two full-length albums, and one live album as an independent artist. He has over 200 million total streams and charted at No. 33 on Billboard's Country Albums chart with his self-titled, debut EP.  Sanders is a co-writer of the number one hits: Ain't Worth the Whiskey (for Cole Swindell) and Hell of a Night (for Dustin Lynch).

Dustin Lynch
Dustin Charles Lynch (born May 14, 1985) is an American country music singer and songwriter, signed to Broken Bow Records. Lynch has released six albums and one EP for the label: a self-titled album in 2012, Where It's At in 2014, Current Mood in 2017, Tullahoma in 2020, Blue in the Sky in 2022 and Killed the Cowboy in 2023. He has also released seventeen singles, of which nine have reached number one on Country Airplay.
Nick Curson
Nicholas Curson (born 1973) is an American strength and conditioning coach (S&C coach), founder of Speed Of Sport gym in Torrance, California. Curson has been involved with various S&C training modalities since the mid-1990s, as a Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) practitioner, competitor and instructor. Since late 2009, he has specialized in Eastern Bloc influenced Marinovich Training Systems and works closely with Russian–born neuroscientist and neurophysiologist Dr. Igor Lavrov of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy and currently a Mayo Clinic principal researcher. Curson describes himself as a sports performance specialist, since he is not credentialed with a Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS) certificate.

Marv Marinovich
Marvin Jack Marinovich (August 6, 1939  — December 3, 2020) was an American college and professional football player who became a strength and conditioning coach. He played college football as a two-way lineman for the USC Trojans and was captain of their national championship team in 1962. He played professionally as an offensive guard for the Oakland Raiders of the American Football League (AFL). He was later the founder of Marinovich Training Systems.