hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abu al-Muhajir Dinar
Abu al-Muhajir Dinar (Arabic: أبو المهاجر دينار) was a governor of Ifriqiya under the Umayyad Caliphate and lead the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb. He died in Tabuda after the Battle of Vescera in 683.

Battle of Vescera
The Battle of Vescera (modern Biskra in Algeria) was fought in 682 or 683 between the Romano-Berbers of King Kusaila and their Byzantine allies from the Exarchate of Africa against an Umayyad Arab army under Uqba ibn Nafi (the founder of Kairouan). Uqba ibn Nafi had led his men in an expedition across north Africa, eventually reaching the Atlantic Ocean and marching as far south as the Draa and Sous rivers. On his return, he was ambushed by the Berber-Byzantine coalition at Tehouda (Thabudeos) south Vescera, defeated, and killed.
Fet, Norway
Fet was a municipality in Akershus county, Norway. It was part of the Romerike traditional region.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Fetsund.

Fet was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The new municipality of Rælingen was separated from Fet on 1 July 1929. The part of Enebakk municipality lying east of lake Øyeren was transferred to Fet in 1962. On 1 January 2020 Fet was merged with Skedsmo and Sørum municipalities to form Lillestrøm municipality.

Øyeren
Øyeren is a lake in  the Glomma River watershed, southeast of the city of Lillestrøm. It is located within the municipalities of Enebakk, Lillestrøm, and Rælingen in Akershus county and Indre Østfold municipality in Østfold county.

Lake Øyeren is the ninth largest lake by area in Norway with a surface area of 84.7 square kilometers (32.7 square miles).  It is 101 meters (331 feet) above sea level and 76 meters (249 feet) deep.
Lower Saxony (Bundestag electoral district)
Lower Saxony (German: Niedersachsen) is one of the 16 multi-member upper-tier state electoral districts of the Bundestag, one of the two national legislatures of Germany. The district was created in 1949 following the restoration of democracy in West Germany with the creation of the Federal Republic of Germany. It is conterminous with the state of Lower Saxony. At the 2025 federal election the constituency had 6,043,412 registered electors and elected 65 of the 630 members of the Bundestag. The district's members are elected using the mixed-member proportional representation electoral system and is currently divided into 30 lower-tier constituencies.

Oldenburg – Ammerland
Oldenburg – Ammerland is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 27. It is located in northwestern Lower Saxony, comprising the city of Oldenburg and the district of Ammerland.

Oldenburg – Ammerland was created for the inaugural 1949 federal election. Since 2013, it has been represented by Dennis Rohde of the Social Democratic Party (SPD).
Rob Cushman
Robert J. Cushman (born 1956) is an American football coach. He was the co-offensive coordinator, quarterbacks coach, and running backs coach at Pasadena City College in Pasadena, California, from 2021 to 2022. Cushman served as the head football coach at Eastern Oregon University from 1997 to 2001, Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois from 2011 to 2014, the University of Minnesota Morris from 2015 to 2016, and Occidental College from 2017 until the football program's discontinuation in 2020. Cushman was also the head football coach at Feather River College, a community college in Quincy, California, from 2004 to 2006.

Augustana College (Illinois)
Augustana College is a private Lutheran liberal arts college in Rock Island, Illinois, United States. The college enrolls approximately 2,500 students. Its campus is adjacent to the Mississippi River and covers 115 acres (46.5 ha) of hilly, wooded land.
Geology of the Waikato–King Country region
The Waikato and King Country regions of New Zealand are built upon a basement of greywacke rocks, which form many of the hills.  Much of the land to the west of the Waikato River and in the King Country to the south has been covered by limestone and sandstone, forming bluffs and a karst landscape. The volcanic cones of Karioi and Pirongia dominate the landscape near Raglan and Kawhia Harbours.  To the east, the land has been covered with ignimbrite deposits from the Taupō Volcanic Zone.  Large amounts of pumice from the Taupō Volcanic Zone have been deposited in the Waikato Basin and Hauraki Plains.

Karioi
Karioi or Mount Karioi is a 2.4 million year old extinct stratovolcano 8 km (5.0 mi) SW of Raglan in the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island. It was the earliest of the line of 6 calcalkalic volcanoes, the largest of which is Mount Pirongia (the others are at Kakepuku, Te Kawa, Tokanui, Waikeria and probably Puketotara). Karioi forms a background to many parts of Raglan.

Karioi was also a Highway Board area around the maunga from 1870 to 1889, when it was absorbed (with Whaingaroa Board area and formed into Karioi Riding) into Raglan County Council. In 1876, it had a population of 112 in 27 houses and in 1889 119 ratepayers, 80 of them absentees.

19th century maps, documents and reports sometimes used the spelling Karehoe.

Karioi is also a location on the Central Plateau (see article on Karioi railway station).
Claudio Teehankee
Claudio Ong Teehankee, CCLH (simplified Chinese: 郑建祥; traditional Chinese: 鄭建祥; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tī Kiàn-siông; April 18, 1918 – November 27, 1989) was the 16th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from 1986 to 1988.

He was also the most senior associate justice and chairman of the First Division of the Supreme Court of the Philippines.

Supreme Court of the Philippines
The Supreme Court (Filipino: Kataas-taasang Hukuman), colloquially referred to as the Korte Suprema (also used in formal writing), is the highest court in the Philippines. It was established by the Taft Commission in June 11, 1901, through the enactment of Act No. 136, which abolished the Real Audiencia of Manila, the predecessor of the Supreme Court.

The Supreme Court compound is located in what was formerly a part of the University of the Philippines Manila campus. It occupies the corner of Padre Faura Street and Taft Avenue in Ermita, Manila, with the main building sited directly in front of Philippine General Hospital's cancer institute.
San Diego State University College of Education
The San Diego State University College of Education offers teacher education and training programs at San Diego State University (SDSU). It offers undergraduate programs, teaching credentials for degree holders, master's degrees and both the Ed.D and Ph.D doctoral degrees.

The college prepares undergraduate and graduate students for careers as professional educators, including careers as administrators, teachers, professors, school psychologists and counselors, resource and training specialists, and educational support personnel.

Doctor of Education
The Doctor of Education (Ed.D. or DEd; Latin Educationis Doctor or Doctor Educationis) is a research doctorate or professional doctorate in the field of education. It prepares the holder for academic, research, administrative, clinical, or professional positions in educational, civil, private organizations, or public institutions. Considerable differences exist in structure, content and aims between regions.
Nathaniel Salmon
Nathaniel Salmon (born 12 February 2004) is a New Zealand American football tight end and basketball player. He played in the National Basketball League (NBL) for the Manawatu Jets and Wellington Saints. He is a participant in the National Football League's International Player Pathway (IPP) program.

International Player Pathway
International Player Pathway (IPP) is a program run by the National Football League (NFL) to increase the number of players from outside the United States or Canada in the NFL. The program was formed as part of the NFL's strategy to grow globally as it provides athletes with the opportunity to play in the league. Its aim is to increase the pool of talent and ultimately drive global fan growth.
Bolokhov
Bolokhov was a city mentioned in the Kievan and Galician–Volhynian chronicles, which gave the name to the Bolokhovian Land, but that has not yet been found or identified. The currently known chronicle texts, like other historical sources, do not allow to determine the location of the city of Bolokhov with acceptable, sufficient archaeological accuracy. M. Dimnik claims that this land may have been located in the southwest corner of the Principality of Kiev and that it also shared borders with Volhynia and Galicia. According to Andrey Kuza, Bolokhov was located in modern-day Liubar.

Galician–Volhynian Chronicle
The Galician–Volhynian Chronicle (GVC) (Ukrainian: Галицько-Волинський літопис, romanized: Halycjko-Volynsjkyj litopys, called "Halicz-Wolyn Chronicle" in Polish historiography), also known as Chronicle of Halych–Volhynia and by other names is a prominent work of Old Ruthenian literature and historiography covering 1201–1292 in the history of the Principality of Galicia–Volhynia (in modern Ukraine).
Yarwell Junction railway station
Yarwell Junction is the current western terminus of the Nene Valley Railway. It opened at Easter 2007.

It was formerly the junction of the Peterborough to Northampton and Peterborough to Market Harborough lines. In  April 2006 a track realignment made space for a platform, and this was constructed during 2007. There was never previously a station on the site. The new station is served by footpaths to Nassington and the mill village of Yarwell, but there is no vehicular access.

Yarwell Junction is situated approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Wansford station, at the western end of the 616-yard (563 m) Wansford Tunnel, (the fourth longest tunnel on a UK Heritage Railway).

Peterborough East railway station
Peterborough East was a railway station in Peterborough, England. It was opened on 2 June 1845 and closed to passenger traffic on 6 June 1966. Located on East Station Road just off Town Bridge, only the engine sheds remain. The station had services running west to Northampton and Rugby, as well as to the east to March, Wisbech, and Norwich.
Absent pulmonary valve syndrome
Absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS) is a congenital heart defect that occurs when the flaps of the pulmonary valve do not develop or are severely underdeveloped (hypoplasia) resulting in aneurysms (dilation) of the pulmonary arteries and softening of the trachea and bronchi (tracheobronchomalacia). Usually, APVS occurs together with other congenital heart defects, most commonly ventricular septal defect and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. It is sometimes considered a variant of Tetralogy of Fallot. The first case of absent pulmonary valve syndrome was reported Crampton in 1830.

Pulmonary artery
A pulmonary artery is an artery in the pulmonary circulation that carries deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs. The largest pulmonary artery is the main pulmonary artery or pulmonary trunk  from the heart, and the smallest ones are the arterioles, which lead to the capillaries that surround the pulmonary alveoli.
Piet Schrijvers
Pieter "Piet" Schrijvers (15 December 1946 – 7 September 2022) was a Dutch professional football manager and player who played as a goalkeeper.

At club level, he spent nine years with AFC Ajax, winning five Eredivisie titles and two KNVB Cups.

At international level, he was a member of the Netherlands squads which finished runner up in both the 1974 and 1978 FIFA World Cups. In addition, he was selected in the Dutch squads for UEFA Euro 1976 and 1980.

KNVB Cup
The KNVB Beker (pronounced [ˌkaːʔɛɱveːˈbeː ˈbeːkər]; English: KNVB Cup), branded as the Eurojackpot KNVB Beker for sponsorship reasons, is a competition in the Netherlands organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) since 1898. It was based on the format of the English FA Cup. Outside the Netherlands, it is often referred to as the Dutch Cup. The tournament consists of all teams from the top four tiers of Dutch league football (Eredivisie, Eerste Divisie, Tweede Divisie and Derde Divisie), as well as the 24 semi-finalists (or replacements) of the six KNVB District Cups. The finals of the tournament traditionally takes place in De Kuip, and has been held there every season since the 1989 final. The winners of the cup compete against the winners of the Eredivisie for the Johan Cruyff Shield, (equivalent to a super cup) which acts as the curtain raiser for the following season.
Lukas Britschgi
Lukas Britschgi (born 17 February 1998) is a Swiss figure skater. He is the 2025 European champion, 2023 European bronze medalist, a two-time Grand Prix medalist, an eight-time ISU Challenger Series medalist (including gold at the 2023 Warsaw Cup), and a six-time Swiss national champion (2019–20, 2022, 2024–26). He represented Switzerland at the 2022 Winter Olympics and the 2026 Winter Olympics. He is the first Swiss man to win the European Championships title since 1947.

2023 European Figure Skating Championships
The 2023 European Figure Skating Championships were held from 25 to 29 January 2023 at the Espoo Metro Areena in Espoo, Finland. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The competition determined the entry quotas for each skating federation at the 2024 European Championships.
Elisabeth Giacobino
Elisabeth Giacobino (born April 2, 1946) is a French physicist specialized in laser physics, nonlinear optics, quantum optics and super-fluidity. She is one of the pioneers of quantum optics and quantum information. She graduated from Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris VI) and started working at the French National Centre for Scientific Research, where she has spent the majority of her professional career. She has been an invited professor at New York University and University of Auckland. She has over 230 publications and over 110 invited presentations in international conferences. She has been the coordinator of four European projects and is a member of Academia Leopoldina as well as a fellow member of the European Physical Society, the European Optical Society and the Optical Society of America.

Pierre and Marie Curie University
Pierre and Marie Curie University (French: Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie [ynivɛʁsite pjɛʁ e maʁi kyʁi], UPMC), also known as Paris VI, was a public research university in Paris, France, from 1971 to 2017. The university was located on the Jussieu Campus in the Latin Quarter of the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. UPMC merged with Paris-Sorbonne University into the new Sorbonne University in 2017.
Eddison Fernandes
Eddisson Rosario Fernandes (born Eddison Rosario Fernandes; 14 June 1983 – 17 October 2009), also known mononymously as Edison, was an Indian comedian, actor, singer, composer, writer, businessman, and former keyboardist known for his work in Konkani films and tiatr productions. He made his debut in Sharon Mazarello's tiatr Puro Korat (2003). He was best known for his comic role in the Konkani film Tum Kitem Kortolo Aslo? (2010).

Tiatr
Tiatr (English: Theatre; Portuguese: Teatro) is a type of musical theatre that is popular in the state of Goa on the west coast of India, as well as in Mumbai and among the Goan expatriate communities in the Middle East, United Kingdom, and other cities with a significant presence of Konkani speakers. The plays are primarily performed in the Romi Konkani dialects and incorporate elements such as music, dance, and singing. Individuals who perform in tiatr are referred to as tiatrists.
Hwangseong-dong, Gyeongju
Hwangseong-dong is both an administrative and legal dong or a neighbourhood in the administrative subdivisions of the Gyeongju City, North Gyeongsang province, South Korea. It is bordered by Yonggang-dong on the east, Hyeongok-myeon on the west and north and Seongnae-dong on the south. Its 3.84 square kilometers are home to about 29,140 people. It has two elementary schools, three middle schools and one high school

Administrative divisions of South Korea
South Korea is made up of 17 first-tier administrative divisions: 6 metropolitan cities (gwangyeoksi 광역시/廣域市), 1 special city (teukbyeolsi 특별시/特別市), 1 special self-governing city (teukbyeol-jachisi 특별자치시/特別自治市), and 9 provinces (do 도/道), including three special self-governing provinces (teukbyeol jachido 특별자치도/特別自治道) and six claimed by the ROK government. These are further subdivided into a variety of smaller entities, including cities (si 시/市), counties (gun 군/郡), districts (gu 구/區), towns (eup 읍/邑), townships (myeon 면/面), neighborhoods (dong 동/洞) and villages (ri 리/里).
Love Alarm
Love Alarm (Korean: 좋아하면 울리는) is a South Korean romance drama series based on Chon Kye-young's Daum webtoon. Starring Kim So-hyun, Jung Ga-ram, and Song Kang, it follows a high school girl in a world greatly influenced by a mobile app capable of notifying whether someone within their vicinity has romantic feelings for them.

Love Alarm is the first Korean drama series confirmed for pick-up by Netflix. The first season of the series was released on Netflix on August 22, 2019. It was ranked as one of Netflix's top releases and was renewed for a second season in October 2019; season 2 was released on March 12, 2021. In 2021, the series managed to rank as the 6th most watched K-dramas worldwide in the platform. In 2022, it was the ninth most searched Korean drama worldwide.

Daum (web portal)
Daum (Korean: 다음) is a South Korean web portal. Daum was founded in 1995 and launched on December 20th, 1995 by the company Daum Communications.  It also offers a variety of services, including cloud storage (Daum Cloud), Daum Dictionary (for mobile devices), Daum Comics, and map service (Daum Maps).

Daum Kakao is the company behind the Kakao messaging service and Daum is a Korean web portal with many services.
Pressure–volume diagram
A pressure–volume diagram (or PV diagram, or volume–pressure loop) is used to describe corresponding changes in volume and pressure in a system. It is commonly used in thermodynamics, cardiovascular physiology, and respiratory physiology.

PV diagrams, originally called indicator diagrams, were developed in the 18th century as tools for understanding the efficiency of steam engines.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.
Battle of Ushant (1782)
The Battle of Ushant or the action of 20–21 April 1782 was a naval battle fought during the American Revolutionary War, between a French naval fleet of three ships of the line protecting a convoy and two British Royal naval ships of the line off Ushant, a French island at the mouth of the English Channel off the northwesternmost point of France. This was the third battle that occurred in this region during the course of the war.

Ushant
Ushant (/ˈʌʃənt/; Breton: Eusa, pronounced [ˈøsa]; French: Ouessant, pronounced [wɛsɑ̃]) is a French island at the southwestern end of the English Channel which marks the westernmost point of metropolitan France. It belongs to Brittany and in medieval times, Léon. In lower tiers of government, it is a commune in the Finistère department. It is the only place in Brittany, save for Brittany itself, with a separate name in English.
Seeka
Seeka (Ndyuka for 'renewal') is a Surinamese political party led by Paul Abena representing the interests of rural inhabitants.  Starting in 2005, it ran as part of the "A-Combination" together with the General Liberation and Development Party and the Brotherhood and Unity in Politics, which received 7.3% of the popular votes and five out of 51 seats in The National Assembly. It left the A-Combination in 2015 to form the A Nyun Combination together with the BP-2011 and the Rural Inhabitants' Party, which did not receive a seat in the 2015 general election. Since 2018, the party co-operates with the General Liberation and Development Party, although an attempt to form a joint list was hindered by an anti-list combination law passed by Dési Bouterse.

General Liberation and Development Party
The General Liberation and Development Party (Dutch: Algemene Bevrijdings- en Ontwikkelingspartij, ABOP) is a political party in Suriname, founded and chaired by ex-rebel leader Ronnie Brunswijk in 1990 after several members of the BEP were expelled. The former Vice President of Suriname, Robert Ameerali, is a member of the ABOP.

As a consequence of having originally split from the BEP, ABOP is similarly more popular among the country's Maroon community, especially in interior areas of the country.

In 2020, General Liberation and Development Party formed a coalition government with new president Chan Santokhi's Progressive Reform Party. Leader Ronnie Brunswijk became new Vice President of Suriname.
FC Dinamo Batumi
FC Dinamo Batumi (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი დინამო ბათუმი) is a Georgian professional football club based in Batumi, Adjara that competes in the Erovnuli Liga, the top division of the national football system.

The club won the champion's title in 2021 and 2023, the Georgian Cup in 1997–98, and two Georgian Super Cups, in 1998 and 2022. In 1990, they changed their name to FC Batumi, only to reverse the decision in 1994.

Dinamo play their home matches at the Batumi Stadium.

Georgian Super Cup
The Georgian Super Cup is a super cup tournament in Georgian football. Founded in 1996 as a two-team competition, the current version has been contested since 2023 by four teams, those being the first, second, and third placed teams in the Erovnuli Liga, as well as the winners of the Georgian Cup.

Formerly, the tournament used to be a single football match solely played between the champions of the Erovnuli Liga and the winners of the Georgian Cup. When a club had won both competitions, the Georgian Cup losing finalists play for the Super Cup. This occurred in 1996, 1997, 2013 and 2014 when Dinamo Tbilisi won the double on all four occasions.

In 2023, the format of Super Cup changed to be contested between four teams. The three teams that qualified for the Champions League and Europa Conference League from the Erovnuli Liga and the winners of the Georgian Cup play one-legged semi-finals, and a final. The losers of each semi-final play a third place play-off.