hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2023–24 LEN Women's Euro Cup
The 2023–24 LEN Women's Euro Cup is the 25th edition of the water polo competition organised by the Ligue Européenne de Natation (LEN). This is the first season under the new changes made by LEN. UVSE Budapest are the reigning champions, but won't defend their title due to their involvement in this season's Champions League.

Antenore Plebiscito Padova won an all-Italian final against Pallanuoto Trieste to secure the Euro Cup title for the first time.

European Aquatics
European Aquatics (formerly French: Ligue Européenne de Natation, English: European Swimming League, popularly known by its acronym LEN) is the European governing body for aquatic sports affiliated to World Aquatics — it is the Continental Association for Europe. It was formally organized in 1927 in Bologna, and since 2015 is headquartered in Nyon.

European Aquatics comprises 52 national swimming federations in Europe, and includes Israel which for Olympic-sport purposes is grouped with Europe. European Aquatics is overseen by an elected Bureau (board) composed of Members representing 17 different Federations. European Aquatics oversees aquatic sports in Europe: diving, swimming, open water swimming, synchronized swimming and water polo.
Baldichieri d'Asti
Baldichieri d'Asti is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Turin and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) west of Asti. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,000 and an area of 5.2 square kilometres (2.0 mi2).

Baldichieri d'Asti borders the following municipalities: Asti, Castellero, Monale, Tigliole, and Villafranca d'Asti.

Asti
Asti (UK: /ˈæsti/ AST-ee, US: /ˈɑːsti/ AH-stee; Italian: [ˈasti] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Ast [ˈɑst]) is a comune (municipality) of 74,348 inhabitants (1–1–2021) located in the Italian region of Piedmont, about 55 kilometres (34 miles) east of Turin, in the plain of the Tanaro River. It is the capital of the province of Asti and it is deemed to be the modern capital of Montferrat.
Thiruvatta Mahadeva Temple
Thiruvatta Mahadeva Temple (Malayalam: തിരുവാറ്റാ മഹാദേവക്ഷേത്രം) is an ancient Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva is situated on the banks of the Manimalayar (river) in Thiruvalla of Pathanamthitta District in Kerala state in India. Reference to this temple is found in Vazhappally inscription relates to the rule of Kodungallur Chera (previously Kulasekhara) king Rama Rajasekhara and temple at Vazhappally. It is the earliest available epigraphical record mentioning a Kodungallur Chera king and written in Malayalam language. According to folklore, sage Parashurama has installed the idol of Lord Shiva in the Treta Yuga. The temple is a part of the 108 famous Shiva temples in Kerala.

Vazhappally copper plate
Vazhappally copper plate (c. 750 — 850 AD, c. 882/83 AD ?) is a copper plate inscription in the Malayalam language from Vazhappally, Kottayam, in the state of Kerala, south India. It is dated to the twelfth regnal year of the medieval Chera ruler of Kerala, Rama Rajasekhara (fl. c. 871 AD).

The copper plate documents a temple committee resolution regarding a land grant for daily worship in the temple. The amount of paddy available from the granted land in two seasons is estimated to be over 12,200 kilograms (or around 12 tons).
Saint-Georges-du-Bois, Sarthe
Saint-Georges-du-Bois (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɔʁʒ dy bwa] ⓘ) is a commune, located in the department of Sarthe in Pays de la Loire region in northwestern France.

Located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southwest of Le Mans and 190 kilometres (120 mi) southwest of Paris as the crow flies
or 55 minutes by train on TGV Atlantique. It is crossed by the county road 309 that connects Le Mans to Sablé-sur-Sarthe. A few kilometers away, the interchange Le Mans Sud on the highway A11 allows quick access to major cities in the west (Angers, Nantes, Tours or Rennes). The area only has one small stream, the Orne Champagne.

Pays de la Loire
Pays de la Loire (French pronunciation: [pe.i d(ə) la lwaʁ]) is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located on the country's Atlantic coast. It was created in the 1950s to serve as a zone of influence for its capital and most populated city, Nantes, one of a handful of French "balancing metropolises" (métropoles d'équilibre). In 2020, Pays de la Loire had a population of 3,832,120.
How I Live Now
How I Live Now is a novel by Meg Rosoff, first published in 2004. It received generally positive reviews and won the British Guardian Children's Fiction Prize and the American Printz Award for young-adult literature.

Michael L. Printz Award
The Michael L. Printz Award is an American Library Association literary award that annually recognizes the "best book written for teens, based entirely on its literary merit". It is sponsored by Booklist magazine; administered by the ALA's young-adult division, the Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA); and named for the Topeka, Kansas, school librarian Mike Printz, a long-time active member of YALSA.
Up to four worthy runners-up may be designated Honor Books and three or four have been named every year.
Graham Vigrass
Graham Saxton Vigrass (born 17 June 1989) is a Canadian university head coach and a former professional and Canadian national team volleyball player. He was a participant at two Olympic Games (Rio 2016, Tokyo 2020) and a bronze medallist at the 2017 World League. He became the head coach of the University of Calgary Dinos men's volleyball team in 2024.

Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament in volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics  was the 15th edition of the event at the Summer Olympics, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB, in conjunction with the IOC. It was held in Tokyo, Japan from 24 July to 7 August 2021. It was originally scheduled to take place from 25 July to 8 August 2020, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the IOC and the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee announced on 24 March 2020 that the 2020 Summer Olympics would be delayed to 2021. Because of this pandemic, all matches were played behind closed doors.

France won their first gold and overall medal with a 3–2 win over the Russian team that competed as the ROC. Argentina won the bronze medal in a narrow 3–2 victory over Brazil.

The medals for the competition were presented by Bernard Rajzman, IOC Member, Olympian, and Silver Medalist, Brazil; and the medalists' bouquets were presented by Ary Graça, FIVB President; Brazil.
Customs Frontline
Customs Frontline (Chinese: 海關戰線), previously known as War Customised, is a 2024 Hong Kong action film directed and co-written by Herman Yau and starring Jacky Cheung, Nicholas Tse, Karena Lam, Cya Liu, with Francis Ng making a special appearance. Tse also served as the film's action director alongside Alan Ng. The film revolves around the Customs and Excise Department of Hong Kong.

Production for Customs Frontline began on 30 March 2022 and ended on 20 June 2022. The film made its world premiere as the closing film for Far East Film Festival 26 on 2 May 2024 before its theatrical release in Hong Kong on 5 July 2024.

Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department
The Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department (C&ED; commonly known as the Hong Kong Customs) is the customs service of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The agency was established to protect Hong Kong from smuggling, ensure the collection of duties on taxable goods, detect and prevent drug trafficking and abuse, safeguard intellectual property rights, protect consumer interests, facilitate legitimate business and uphold Hong Kong's trade reputation, regulate money service operators and dealers in precious metals and stones, and combat money laundering and terrorist financing.

The C&ED is an active member of the World Customs Organization (WCO) and the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). It exchanges intelligence and works closely with overseas Customs administrations and law enforcement agencies.
Leopard epaulette shark
The leopard epaulette shark (Hemiscyllium michaeli), also known as the Milne Bay epaulette shark and Michael's epaulette shark, is a species of bamboo shark in the genus Hemiscyllium. It is a tropical shark known from the shallow ocean in the Milne Bay region of eastern Papua New Guinea. The epaulette sharks of this region have long been confused with the Indonesian speckled carpetshark (H. freycineti), and it was only in 2010 that H. michaeli was described as a separate species by Gerald R. Allen and Christine L. Dudgeon. It can reach a maximum length of 82 cm (32.3 in). Confusingly, some books with illustrations and photos labelled as H. freycineti actually show H. michaeli.

Papuan epaulette shark
The Papuan epaulette shark, Hemiscyllium hallstromi, is a bamboo shark in the family Hemiscylliidae found around southern Papua New Guinea, between latitudes 7° S and 10° S, and longitude 144° E and 146° E.  Its length is up to 75 cm.

Reproduction is oviparous.
Stanford station
Stanford station is a Caltrain station in Palo Alto, California, near the stadium on the Stanford University campus. It is not a regular service stop; instead, it is only in service for Stanford football home games and other large events at the stadium. The usual stop for the university is the Palo Alto station, located 0.57 miles (0.92 km) north of this station. The station does not have any ticket vending machines; however, when in use, Caltrain staff will be present with handheld Clipper card readers so people can tag on and off the train.

Service to the station has existed since at least 1922 (one year after the Stanford Stadium opened). In 1994, an estimated 20% of the visitors to the 1994 FIFA World Cup soccer games at Stanford arrived by train.

Stanford Stadium
Stanford Stadium is an outdoor college football stadium located on the campus of Stanford University in Stanford, California, United States. It is the home of the Stanford Cardinal and hosts the university's commencement exercises. Opened 105 years ago in 1921 as a football and track and field stadium, it was an earthen horseshoe with wooden bleacher seating and flooring upon a steel frame. Its original seating capacity was 60,000, which grew to 89,000 by 1927 as a nearly enclosed bowl.

Immediately following the 2005 season, the stadium was demolished and rebuilt as a dual-deck concrete structure, without a track. Today, it seats 50,424. The natural grass playing field runs northwest to southeast, at an approximate elevation of sixty feet (18 m) above sea level.
Public housing estates in Pok Fu Lam, Aberdeen and Ap Lei Chau
The following shows the public housing estates (including Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) and Sandwich Class Housing Scheme (SCHS)) in Pok Fu Lam, Aberdeen, Wong Chuk Hang and Ap Lei Chau of Southern District, Hong Kong.

Aberdeen Typhoon Shelters
The Aberdeen Typhoon Shelters of Hong Kong are Aberdeen West Typhoon Shelter (Chinese: 香港仔西避風塘) and Aberdeen South Typhoon Shelter (香港仔南避風塘). Both typhoon shelters are located in Southern District, between the southern part of Hong Kong Island and the island Ap Lei Chau. They are roughly separated by the Ap Lei Chau Bridge and Aberdeen Channel Bridge. The Aberdeen floating village is located within the shelters.
Master KG
Kgaogelo  Moagi (born 31 January 1996), professionally known as Masker KG is a South African DJ, singer and record producer. Born and raised in Tzaneen, his debut studio album Skeleton Move achieved acclaim including an AFRIMA Award for Best Artist/Group in the African Electro category. He is also known as the pioneer of "Bolobedu" dance.

His second studio album Jerusalema (2020) was released, containing international successful single: "Jerusalema", featuring Nomcebo Zikode and Burna Boy, was certified diamond by FRA and topped Billboard's World Digital Song Sales chart.

All Africa Music Awards
All Africa Music Awards (also referred to as AFRIMA) is an annual awards event to reward and celebrate musical works, talents and creativity around the African continent while promoting the African cultural heritage. Its pioneer Awards show was held in 2014. The awards event was established by the International Committee AFRIMA, in collaboration with the African Union (AU).
Mura people
The Muras are an indigenous people who live in the central and eastern parts of Amazonas, Brazil, along the Amazon river from the Madeira to the Purus. They played an important part in Brazilian history during colonial times and were known for their quiet determination and subsequent resistance to the encroaching Portuguese culture.  Formerly a powerful people, they were defeated by their neighbors, the Munduruku, in 1788.

Of the original diversity of Muran languages, only Pirahã survives today.

Mura language
Mura is a language of Amazonas, Brazil. It is most famous for Pirahã, its sole surviving dialect. Linguistically, it is typified by agglutinativity, a very small phoneme inventory (around 11 compared to around 44 in English), whistled speech, the use of tone, and a very limited, perception-based numeral system. In the 19th century, there were an estimated 30,000–60,000 Mura speakers. It is now spoken by only 300 Pirahã people in eight villages.
2011 Arizona Diamondbacks season
The Arizona Diamondbacks' 2011 season, the franchise's 14th season in Major League Baseball, included the team's first National League West championship since 2007, subsequently, their fifth division title since coming into MLB. They lost to the Milwaukee Brewers in five games in the NLDS. The Diamondbacks also hosted the All-Star Game on July 12.

2011 Major League Baseball All-Star Game
The 2011 Major League Baseball All-Star Game was the 82nd in-season exhibition game between the All-Stars of the National League (NL) and the American League (AL); the leagues composing Major League Baseball. The event was held on Tuesday, July 12, 2011 at Chase Field in Phoenix, Arizona, home of the National League Arizona Diamondbacks. The game ended in a 5–1 win for the National League, their second straight All-Star victory. It was the first MLB All-Star Game to be held in Arizona and the first in a National League Park to have a designated hitter.

With a combination of injuries and rule enforcements, a record 84 players were named to the All-Star rosters.  This broke the record of 82 players that were on rosters for the 2010 game.
Myo Tu, Prince of Mekkhaya
Thiri Maha Thu Dhammayaza (Burmese: သီရိမဟာသုဓမ္မရာဇာ, Pali: Sīrimahāsudhammarājā; born Myo Tu; c. 1847 – 1879), commonly known as the Prince of Mekkhaya, was a prince of the first rank of the late Konbaung dynasty in 19th-century Burma. He was a senior son of King Mindon and was the Viceroy to Taungdwingyi Province. He was considered one of the four most skilled sons of King Mindon, alongside the princes of Thonze, Nyaungyan and Myingun.

He was called 'the second Prince of Mekkhaya' by historians, not to be confused with the first Prince of Mekkhaya who compiled the first English–Myanmar dictionary.

Mindon Min
Mindon Min (Burmese: မင်းတုန်းမင်း, pronounced [mɪ́ɰ̃dóʊɰ̃ mɪ́ɰ̃]; 1808 – 1878), born Maung Lwin, was the penultimate king of Burma (Myanmar) from 1853 to 1878. He was one of the most popular and revered kings of Burma because of his role in the Fifth Buddhist Council. Under his half brother King Pagan, the Second Anglo-Burmese War in 1852 ended with the annexation of Lower Burma by the British Empire. Mindon and his younger brother Kanaung overthrew their half brother King Pagan. He spent most of his reign trying to defend the upper part of his country from British encroachments, and to modernize his kingdom.
Jim Condos
James Christos Condos (born January 29, 1951) is an American politician from Vermont. He is a former Vermont Secretary of State and former Democratic member of the Vermont State Senate, representing the Chittenden senate district.  The district includes all of Chittenden County, except the town of Colchester.

Condos served in the Vermont State Senate from 2001 to 2009. He was succeeded by Tim Ashe.

In June 2010, Jim Condos announced he was running for Vermont Secretary of State in the November 2010 election. He won the Democratic Party primary by a 2 to 1 vote, winning in every Vermont county. In the general election, Condos defeated Jason Gibbs.

Vermont Senate
The Vermont Senate is the upper house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Vermont. The senate consists of 30 members elected from multi-member districts. Each senator represents at least 20,300 citizens. Senators are elected to two-year terms and there is no limit to the number of terms a senator may serve.

As in other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the U.S. Senate, the Vermont Senate has special functions, such as confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, the state cabinet, commissions, boards, and (for the first six-year term) the state's judiciary.

The Vermont Senate meets at the Vermont State House in the state capital of Montpelier.
Dara Greig
Dara Greig (born December 30, 2000) is a Canadian professional ice hockey forward for the Montreal Victoire of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). She played college ice hockey at Wisconsin and Colgate.

Montreal Victoire
The Montreal Victoire (French: Victoire de Montréal) are a professional ice hockey team based in the Greater Montreal area that competes in the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). They are one of the six charter franchises of the league. The team plays its home games at Place Bell in Laval, Quebec.
Torture Museum, Amsterdam
The Torture Museum, Amsterdam is located in Amsterdam, near the Bloemenmarkt overlooking the Singel. It exhibits historical instruments of torture.
Like many other "Torture Museums", it exhibits fake items, devices which were seldom or never used in real history, particularly in the "Middle Age", such as Scold's bridle, iron maidens (a literary invention of the 19th century) or "breast rippers" which may have been used only in the ancient Roman empire.

The Daily Telegraph noted the museum as "one of the world's most unusual museums." The museum is popular among tourists.

The Torture Museum Amsterdam is not connected with another museum showcasing instruments of torture in Amsterdam: "the Museum of Medieval Torture Instruments".

Iron maiden
The iron maiden is a torture device, believed to have been first created in the 19th century. It consists of a solid iron cabinet with a hinged front and spike-covered interior, sufficiently tall to enclose a human being. While often popularly thought to have been used in the medieval period, there is no known mention of the iron maiden from before the 19th century. They have become a popular image in media involving the Middle Ages and involving torture chambers.
Gymnastics at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic individual all-around
The men's individual all-around competition was one of eight events for male competitors in the artistic gymnastics discipline contested in the gymnastics at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. The qualification and final rounds took place on August 14 and August 18 at the Olympic Indoor Hall. There were 98 competitors from 31 nations. Each nation could enter a team of 6 gymnasts or up to 2 individual gymnasts. The event was won by Paul Hamm of the United States, the nation's first victory in the men's all-around since the 1904 Games in St. Louis and second overall. It was the first medal of any color for an American in the men's all-around since the 1984 Games in Los Angeles. South Korea took two medals (the maximum possible under the new rule limiting finalists to two per nation), a silver for Kim Dae-Eun and a bronze for Yang Tae Young. The scoring of the final was disputed; Olympedia calls this "the most controversial men's gymnastic event ever."

Yang Tae-young
Yang Tae-Young (Korean: 양태영, born July 8, 1980) is a South Korean 2004 Olympic medalist in artistic gymnastics.

Yang was born in Seoul, and made his World Gymnastics Championships debut in 2001, competing with the eighth-place South Korean team in Ghent. He also participated in the 2003 Worlds in Anaheim, where he helped the Korean squad qualify a full team to the 2004 Olympics with a twelfth-place finish. Yang also competed in the all-around final in Anaheim, placing twelfth. At the 2004 Olympics, Yang contributed to the Korean team's fourth-place finish, placed tenth on high bar, and won a bronze medal in the all-around. He won a bronze medal at the team event in the 2006 Asian Games.
Peadar Clancy
Peadar Clancy (Irish: Peadar Mac Fhlannchadha; 9 November 1888 – 22 November 1920) was an Irish republican who served with the Irish Volunteers in the Four Courts garrison during the 1916 Easter Rising and was second-in-command of the Dublin Brigade of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) during the War of Independence. Along with Dick McKee and Conor Clune, he was shot dead by his guards while under detention in Dublin Castle on the eve of Sunday, 21 November 1920, a day known as Bloody Sunday that also saw the killing of a network of British intelligence agents by the Squad unit of the Irish Republican Army and the killing of 14 people in Croke Park by the Royal Irish Constabulary.

Seán Treacy
Seán Treacy (Irish: Seán Ó Treasaigh; né John Allis Treacy; 14 February 1895 – 14 October 1920) was one of the leaders of the Third Tipperary Brigade of the IRA during the Irish War of Independence and one of a small group whose actions initiated that conflict in 1919. He was killed in October 1920, outside No 94 Talbot Street in Dublin in a shootout with British troops during an aborted British Secret Service surveillance operation.
Orbiting body
In astrodynamics, an orbiting body is any physical body that orbits a more massive one, called the primary body. The orbiting body is properly referred to as the secondary body (), which is less massive than the primary body ().

Thus,  or .

Under standard assumptions in astrodynamics, the barycenter of the two bodies is a focus of both orbits.

An orbiting body may be a spacecraft (i.e. an artificial satellite) or a natural satellite, such as a planet, dwarf planet, moon, moonlet, asteroid, or comet.

A system of two orbiting bodies is modeled by the Two-Body Problem and a system of three orbiting bodies is modeled by the Three-Body Problem. These problems can be generalized to an N-body problem. While there are a few analytical solutions to the n-body problem, it can be reduced to a 2-body system if the secondary body stays out of other bodies' Sphere of Influence and remains in the primary body's sphere of influence.

N-body problem
In physics, the n-body problem is the problem of predicting the individual motions of a group of celestial objects interacting with each other gravitationally. Solving this problem has been motivated by the desire to understand the motions of the Sun, Moon, planets, and visible stars.

The classical physical problem can be stated as follows:

Each particle in a system of a finite number of particles is subjected to a Newtonian gravitational attraction from all the other particles, and to no other forces. If the initial state of the system is given, how will the particles move?

The two-body problem has been completely solved and is discussed below. For three or more bodies the problem can only be solved completely in particular cases. In general, the problem is chaotic and can only be solved numerically.

The n-body problem in general relativity is considerably more difficult to solve.