hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luanniao
Luan (traditional Chinese: 鸞; simplified Chinese: 鸾; pinyin: luán; Wade–Giles: luan²), also known as luanniao (simplified Chinese: 鸾鸟; traditional Chinese: 鸞鳥; pinyin: luánniao; lit. 'Luan bird'),: 102  is a mythological bird in East Asian mythology. The name is sometimes reserved for males, while female luan are called jīnjī (金雞; lit. golden chicken). The luan is sometimes referred as simurgh by western sinologists when they translate the Chinese term luan; however, they do not refer to the same bird creature and is therefore an inappropriate translation of the term.: 255  It is also sometimes inappropriately translated as roc and phoenix.: 255  The luan is one of the birds which have been deified in ancient China.: 44  It is also sometimes confused with the fenghuang by western scholars.

Fenghuang
Fenghuang (/fʌŋˈwɑːŋ/ fung-HWAHNG) are mythological birds featuring in traditions throughout the Sinosphere. Fenghuang are understood to reign over all other birds: males and females were originally termed feng and huang respectively, but a gender distinction is typically no longer made, and fenghuang are generally considered a feminine entity to be paired with the traditionally masculine Chinese dragon.

In the West, they are commonly called Chinese phoenixes, although mythological similarities with the Western/Persian phoenix are superficial.
Calculus of functors
In algebraic topology, a branch of mathematics, the calculus of functors or Goodwillie calculus is a technique for studying functors by approximating them by a sequence of simpler functors; it generalizes the sheafification of a presheaf. This sequence of approximations is formally similar to the Taylor series of a smooth function, hence the term "calculus of functors".

Many objects of central interest in algebraic topology can be seen as functors, which are difficult to analyze directly, so the idea is to replace them with simpler functors which are sufficiently good approximations for certain purposes.
The calculus of functors was developed by Thomas Goodwillie in a series of three papers in the 1990s and 2000s, and has since been expanded and applied in a number of areas.

Functor
In mathematics, specifically category theory, a functor is a mapping between categories.  Functors were first considered in algebraic topology, where algebraic objects (such as the fundamental group) are associated to topological spaces, and maps between these algebraic objects are associated to continuous maps between spaces.   Nowadays, functors are used throughout modern mathematics to relate various categories. Thus, functors are important in every area of mathematics where category theory is applied.

The words category and functor were borrowed by mathematicians from the philosophers Aristotle and Rudolf Carnap, respectively.  The latter used functor in a linguistic context;
see function word.
1997 Carquest Bowl
The 1997 Carquest Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game between the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets and the West Virginia Mountaineers. Played at Joe Robbie Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida, it was the final year of the sponsorship between this bowl and Carquest, and after this the sponsorship was not renewed.

Pop-Tarts Bowl
The Pop-Tarts Bowl is an annual college football bowl game that is played in Orlando, Florida, at Camping World Stadium. Originally commissioned as the Sunshine Classic, it has undergone many name changes due to sponsorship rights. It is currently named after the Pop-Tarts brand of toaster pastries, produced and distributed by Kellanova (formerly Kellogg's).

The bowl is operated by Florida Citrus Sports, a non-profit group which also organizes the Citrus Bowl and the Florida Classic. It was first played in 1990 in Miami Gardens, Florida, before moving to Orlando in 2001. The game has tie-ins with the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) and Big 12 Conference. In the College Football Playoff (CFP) era, the bowl seeks to match the top non-CFP selection from the ACC (inclusive of Notre Dame) against the second non-CFP selection from the Big 12.
Marriage in the Eastern Orthodox Church
Marriage in the Eastern Orthodox Church is a holy mystery (sacrament) in the Eastern Orthodox Church performed by a priest to unite in marriage a man and a woman. In the Byzantine Rite liturgy for Matrimony, the couple is crowned.

Mystery of Crowning
The Mystery of Crowning is a ritual component of the sacrament of marriage in Eastern Christianity. Variations of the crowning ceremony exist in multiple liturgical rites, including the Byzantine, Coptic, West Syriac, and East Syriac Rites of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic Churches. The crowning ceremony typically features a crown being placed upon the head of both the bride and bridegroom, crowning them as the queen and king of a new family.
Terumat hamaaser
In the Hebrew Bible, the tithe of the tithes (Hebrew: תרומת המעשר‎ terumat ha-maaser) is a mitzvah (biblical requirement) for the recipient Levite to give to the priest a tenth (10%) of the tithe of produce that the former received from the Israelites. It applies only to agricultural produce grown in the Land of Israel.

This "tithe of the tithes" is a derivative of the tithe offering (Hebrew: תרומת המעשר‎ terumat ha-maaser) – a rabbinical Hebrew term based on the commandment in the Hebrew Bible to give a tithe maaser of 10% to the Levites. The first term, terumah, means offering. The term tithe offering, terumat ha-maaser, is alluded to in the Hebrew Bible text under the words "a tithe (tenth) of the tithe" (Numbers 18:26).

Kohen
Kohen (Hebrew: כֹּהֵן, romanized: kōhēn, pronounced [koˈ(h)en]; pl. כֹּהֲנִים, kōhănīm, [ko(h)aˈnim]) is the Hebrew word for "priest", used in reference to the Aaronic priesthood, also called Aaronites or Aaronides. They are traditionally believed, and halakhically required, to be of direct patrilineal descent from the biblical Aaron (also Aharon), brother of Moses, and thus belong to the Tribe of Levi.

During the existence of the Temple in Jerusalem (and previously the Tabernacle), kohanim performed the Temple sacrificial offerings, which were only permitted to be offered by them. Following its destruction, it seems that most of them joined the Synagogal Jewish movement before adopting gradually Rabbinic Judaism, other types of Judaism, Christianity or Islam. Today, kohanim retain a lesser though distinct status within Rabbinic and Karaite Judaism, including certain honors and restrictions.

In the Samaritan community, the kohanim have remained the primary religious leaders.
Wamsutta Oil Refinery
Wamsutta Oil Refinery was established around 1861 in McClintocksville in Venango County near Oil City, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It was the first business enterprise of Henry Huttleston Rogers (1840–1909), who became a famous businessman, industrialist and financier.

Oil City, Pennsylvania
Oil City is the largest city in Venango County, Pennsylvania, United States. Known for its prominence in the initial exploration and development of the petroleum industry, it is located at a bend in the Allegheny River at the mouth of Oil Creek. The population was 9,608 at the 2020 census, and it is the principal city of the Oil City micropolitan area.

Initial settlement of Oil City was sporadic, and tied to the iron industry. After the first oil wells were drilled in 1861, it became central to the petroleum industry while hosting headquarters for the Pennzoil, Quaker State, and Wolf's Head motor oil companies. Tourism plays a prominent role in the region by promoting oil heritage sites, nature trails, and Victorian architecture.
Shire of Yarriambiack
The Shire of Yarriambiack is a local government area of Victoria, Australia, located in the north-western part of the state. It covers an area of 7,326 square kilometres (2,829 sq mi) and at the 2021 census, had a population of 6,556. It includes the towns of Hopetoun, Murtoa, Rupanyup and Warracknabeal.

The Shire is governed and administered by the Yarriambiack Shire Council; its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the council headquarters in Warracknabeal, it also has service centres located in Hopetoun and Rupanyup. The Shire is named after Yarriambiack Creek, a geographical feature that meanders through the LGA from the Wimmera River, through Warracknabeal, to Lake Coorong at Hopetoun.

Local government areas of Victoria
This is a list of local government areas (LGAs) in Victoria, sorted by region.

Also referred to as municipalities, the 79 Victorian LGAs are classified as cities (34), shires (38), rural cities (6) and boroughs (1). In general, an urban or suburban LGA is called a city and is governed by a city council, while a rural LGA covering a larger rural area is usually called a shire and is governed by a shire council. Local councils have the same administrative functions and similar political structures, regardless of their classification.

Local elections are held in Victoria every four years with the most recent elections held in 2024.
Democracy in Iraq
Democracy in Iraq is a fledgling process, but Iraq achieved a more democratic approach than most surrounding countries. Iraq has a score of 3.51 of ten on the 2021 The Economist Democracy Index, which is considered authoritarian. Iraq scored 0.362 on the V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index in 2023, ranking 3rd in the Middle East and 115th worldwide. Numerous wars, corruption, and civil and ethnic conflict in Iraq have made it difficult for a stable democratic government to emerge.

According to the Constitution of Iraq, the Iraqi government is a federal parliamentary representative democratic republic. It is a multi-party system whereby the executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister of the Council of Ministers as the head of government, as well as the President of Iraq, and legislative power is vested in the Council of Representatives. The Prime Minister of Iraq appoints the Council of Ministers, which acts as the cabinet.

Prime Minister of Iraq
The prime minister of the Republic of Iraq is the foremost executive of the Iraqi government and the commander-in-chief of the Iraqi Armed Forces. The premier is responsible for the general policy of the state and directs the Council of Ministers, with the power to dismiss and name any senior executive, including ministers and generals. In addition to the armed forces, the premier has direct authority over all of those intelligence and security agencies under the jurisdiction of the Office of the Prime Minister, such as the CTS and the INIS.

Under the informally adopted ethno-sectarian quota system known as Muhasasa, the position of prime minister is reserved for a Shia Muslim.

On 27 October 2022, Mohammed Shia' al-Sudani became the incumbent prime minister.
Amar Preet Singh
Air Chief Marshal Amar Preet Singh, PVSM, AVSM is a serving four star air officer of the Indian Air Force. He is the current and 28th Chief of the Air Staff (CAS). He took over as the 28th CAS, succeeding Air Chief Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari, on 30 September 2024. He was previously serving  as the 47th Vice Chief of the Air Staff. He was previously serving as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief Central Air Command, prior to that he served as the Senior Air Staff Officer at the Eastern Air Command.

Vice Chief of the Air Staff (India)
The Vice Chief of the Air Staff (VCAS) is a statutory office held by the second-highest ranking officer of the Indian Air Force (IAF). Customarily held by a three-star air marshal, the VCAS is the senior most Principal Staff Officer (PSO) to the Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) - the professional head of the IAF. By duty, the VCAS has dual roles: in wartime, to oversee operational planning, capability build-up and force deployment during wartime; in peacetime, to act as an understudy to the CAS during peacetime.

The present VCAS is Air Marshal Nagesh Kapoor who assumed the office on 1 January 2026.
The Om Years
The Om Years is the second compilation album by People Under the Stairs. It is a combination of popular tracks from the group's first four albums (The Next Step, Question in the Form of an Answer, O.S.T. and ...Or Stay Tuned), and also includes extra b-sides and rarities.

The album was released in two formats:

A double-CD album, with the album tracks on the first CD, titled Disc 1: The Om Years, and a second bonus CD, titled Disc 2: B-Sides and Rarities.

A double-LP album, with a selection of the first CD's tracks, and two songs ("The Bomb Combo" and "Out Da Club") from the b-sides & rarities CD.

Om Records released this compilation album in an attempt to capitalize on the buzz about the group's upcoming album, Fun DMC, and the group's past success with the label. The group would return to the Om label on 2009's Carried Away.

O.S.T. (album)
O.S.T. is the third album by the People Under the Stairs. The album was again produced in Thes One's home entirely by the duo, and it was finally released in June 2002 on Om Records. The album produced three singles, including "Acid Raindrops", one of the group's most successful songs and a constant staple at live shows.
Ketchapp
Ketchapp SARL is a French video game publisher based in Paris, specializing in the mobile games market. Founded in 2014 by brothers Antoine and Michel Morcos, the company first came into the public eye later that year, through its port of the open-source game 2048. Ketchapp has been accused of cloning popular casual games by other developers. When Ketchapp was acquired by Ubisoft in September 2016, the company had more than 700 million downloads across their portfolio of games.

Ubisoft
Ubisoft Entertainment SA (/ˈjuːbisɒft/; French: [ybisɔft]; formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment SA) is a French video game publisher headquartered in Saint-Mandé with development studios across the world. Its video game franchises include Anno, Assassin's Creed, Driver, Far Cry, Just Dance, Prince of Persia, Rabbids, Rayman, Tom Clancy's, and Watch Dogs.

Ubisoft is led by chairman and CEO Yves Guillemot. The company first achieved commercial and critical success with their 1995 platform game Rayman. In 1996, the company began to expand to other parts of the world, opening studios in Shanghai, Montreal and Milan. In recent years, Ubisoft has struggled financially, reporting a strong decline in revenue in 2024 and laying off 700 employees in 2025.
Massachusetts Route 104
Route 104 is a 12.54-mile-long (20.18 km) west–east highway in southeastern Massachusetts. Its western terminus is at U.S. Route 44 (US 44) in Taunton and its eastern terminus is at Route 106 in East Bridgewater.

U.S. Route 44
U.S. Route 44 (US 44) is an east–west United States Numbered Highway that runs for 237 miles (381 km) through four states in the Northeastern United States. The western terminus is at US 209 and New York State Route 55 (NY 55) in Kerhonkson, New York, a hamlet in the Hudson Valley region. The eastern terminus is at Route 3A in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
Lily Ebert
Lily Ebert MBE BEM (born Engelman Lívia, 29 December 1923 – 9 October 2024) was a Hungarian-born British writer and Holocaust survivor, who in her later life became notable for her memoir, and social media videos and media appearances documenting her life as a survivor of the genocide.

British Empire Medal
The British Empire Medal (BEM; formerly British Empire Medal for Meritorious Service) is a British and Commonwealth award for meritorious civil or military service worthy of recognition by the Crown. The current honour was created in 1922 to replace the original medal, which had been established in 1917 as part of the Order of the British Empire.
Sissy Bar (Portland, Oregon)
Sissy Bar was a gay bar in Portland, Oregon, United States. Truman Cox and Derek Palmer opened the video lounge in southeast Portland's Buckman neighborhood in June 2022, near another LGBTQ establishment named Crush Bar. Sissy Bar hosted drag shows, dance parties, and other themed events and played video montages from films and music videos by popular recording artists. The bar served Colombian cuisine, such as ajiaco, arepas, and empanadas. It closed permanently in October 2024, with owners citing the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as the reason.

Crush Bar
Crush Bar (sometimes simply Crush) was a gay bar and restaurant in Portland, Oregon's Buckman neighborhood, in the United States. Established in 2001, the bar was scheduled to permanently close at the end of 2023, until an employee's investment kept Crush open into 2024. The bar closed permanently on January 1, 2025.
Bagi Kumar Verma
Bagi Kumar Verma is an Indian politician from Bihar. He has been a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly for three terms, two times from Makhdumpur Assembly constituency and once from Kurtha Assembly constituency. A former minister in Government of Bihar under Lalu Prasad Yadav, Verma has been a member of both Rashtriya Janata Dal and Janata Dal (United) at different occasions. In 2020 Bihar Assembly elections, he defeated Satyadev Kushwaha, the two times MLA from Kurtha Assembly to enter in Bihar Assembly for his third term.

Satyadev Kushwaha
Satyadev Kushwaha is an Indian politician who is a leader of Janata Dal (United) party and a former member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. He was elected to the assembly from Kurtha in Arwal district. In 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly Elections he defeated Ashok Kumar Verma of Rashtriya Lok Samata Party.
Schloss Wolfenbüttel
Schloss Wolfenbüttel is a castle in Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony, Germany. An extensive four-wing complex, it originated as a moated castle (Wasserburg). It is the second-largest surviving schloss in Lower Saxony and served as the main residence of the rulers of the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1432 to 1753. It now houses a gymnasium secondary school, the Federal Academy of Arts Education, and a museum with its historic rooms on display. Its immediate vicinity is home to several historically significant  buildings including the Herzog August Bibliothek, the Lessinghaus, the Zeughaus, and the Kleines Schloss.

Herzog August Library
The Herzog August Library (German: Herzog August Bibliothek — "HAB"), in Wolfenbüttel, Lower Saxony, known also as Bibliotheca Augusta, is a library of international importance for its collection from the Middle Ages and early modern Europe. The library is overseen by the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture.
R154 road (Ireland)
The R154 road is a regional road in Ireland, linking the R147 near Clonee, County Meath to Crossdoney (near Cavan) in County Cavan. The road is single carriageway throughout. Many parts of the route have dangerous bends.

R147 road (Ireland)
The R147 is a regional road in Ireland. Its first section runs from St Peters Church in Phibsborough, Dublin to its junction with the M50. It then follows the route of a former section of the N3 between Clonee and Kells. It serves as an alternative route for non-motorway traffic and traffic wishing to avoid tolls on the M3.
Cashin House
The Cashin House, known as The Pier, is a former residence of the Cashin family extending out to sea in Lim Chu Kang, Singapore. The house on the pier was restored and became a new visitor gateway to the western part of Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve known as Lim Chu Kang Nature Park.

Lim Chu Kang
Lim Chu Kang, often abbreviated as LCK, is a planning area located in the North Region of Singapore. It shares its boundaries with the Western Water Catchment to the west and south, Sungei Kadut to the east and the Straits of Johor to the north. Unlike most parts of Singapore which have undergone extensive urban development, Lim Chu Kang has remained largely undeveloped and continues to serve as one of the few rural zones in the country. The area is characterised by its agricultural activities and pockets of forested land.

The rural nature of Lim Chu Kang is reflected in its landscape and land use. It is home to many farms, including vegetable and livestock farms, fish hatcheries and nurseries, which supply a portion of Singapore's local produce. The area's limited public transport access, low population density and absence of high-rise buildings further distinguish it from the rest of the country.
1990 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)
The South American (CONMEBOL) zone of qualification for the 1990 FIFA World Cup saw 9 teams competing for 2 direct places at the finals, with one extra place potentially on offer to the winner of a play-off. CONMEBOL member Argentina qualified automatically as reigning World Cup champions.

1990 FIFA World Cup qualification
The 1990 FIFA World Cup qualification was a series of tournaments organised by the six FIFA confederations. The 1990 FIFA World Cup featured 24 teams with one place reserved for the host nation, Italy, and one place for the defending champions, Argentina. The remaining 22 places were determined by a qualification process, in which 116 teams, from the six FIFA confederations, competed. Most of the successful teams were determined within these confederations, with a limited number of inter-confederation play-offs occurring at the end of the process.

The first qualification match was played on 17 April 1988 and qualification concluded on 19 November 1989. A total of 735 goals were scored in the 314 qualifying matches (an average of 2.34 per match).
Augmented sphenocorona
In geometry, the augmented sphenocorona is the Johnson solid that can be constructed by attaching an equilateral square pyramid to one of the square faces of the sphenocorona. It is the only Johnson solid arising from "cut and paste" manipulations where the components are not all prisms, antiprisms or sections of Platonic or Archimedean solids.

Johnson solid
In geometry, a Johnson solid, sometimes also known as a Johnson–Zalgaller solid, is a convex polyhedron whose faces are regular polygons. They are sometimes defined to exclude the uniform polyhedra. There are 92  solids with such a property: the first solids are the pyramids, cupolas, and a rotunda; some of the solids may be constructed by attaching with those previous solids, whereas others may not.
Lancia Flaminia
The Lancia Flaminia (Tipo 813/823/824/826) is a luxury car produced by Italian automaker Lancia from 1957 until 1970. It was Lancia's flagship model at that time, replacing the Aurelia. It was available throughout its lifetime as in saloon, coupé and cabriolet body styles. The Flaminia coupé and cabriolet were coachbuilt cars with bodies from several prestigious Italian coachbuilders. Four "presidential" stretched limousines were produced by Pininfarina for use on state visits.

12,633 cars were sold over its 13 year lifespan. The coupé outsold the four-door saloon, an unusual occurrence, especially in light of the Flaminia coupés' coachbuilt bodies making them considerably more expensive than the stately Berlina. After a seven-year hiatus, the Flaminia was effectively replaced by the Gamma as Lancia's new flagship in 1976.

Lancia Aurelia
The Lancia Aurelia is a car manufactured and marketed by the Italian company, Lancia, from 1950 to the summer of 1958 — over a course of six series.  Configurations included a 4-door saloon/sedan, 2-door cabriolet (B50/B52), 2-door GT coupé (B20), 2-door spider/convertible (B24), and as a rolling chassis for coachbuilders. The Aurelia is noted for using one of the first series-production V6 engines.

Establishing a post-war Lancia tradition, the car was named after a Roman road: the Via Aurelia, leading from Rome to Pisa.