hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fumarolic ice tower
A fumarolic ice tower is a tower of ice produced by fumaroles of volcanic activity in an environment whose ambient temperature is below the freezing point of water. They are often underlain by large ice caves.

Mount Erebus, the world's southernmost active volcano, is one producer of these ice towers.  The ambient temperature at its location is always well below water's freezing point, and the diffuse degassing of carbon dioxide through the steaming warm ground around its flanks causes ice to first melt, then vaporize, and then accumulate into chimney-like towers.

Mount Berlin is another Antarctic volcanic mountain that produced such towers.

Mount Erebus
Mount Erebus (/ˈɛrɪbəs/) is the southernmost active volcano on Earth, located on Ross Island in the Ross Dependency in Antarctica. With a summit elevation of 3,792 metres (12,441 ft), it is the second most prominent mountain in Antarctica (after Mount Vinson) and the second-highest volcano in Antarctica (after the dormant Mount Sidley). It is the highest point on Ross Island, which is also home to three inactive volcanoes: Mount Terror, Mount Bird, and Mount Terra Nova. It makes Ross Island the sixth-highest island on Earth.

The mountain was named by Captain James Clark Ross in 1841 for his ship, HMS Erebus.  The volcano has been active for around 1.3 million years and has a long-lived lava lake in its inner summit crater that has been present since at least the early 1970s. On 28 November 1979, Air New Zealand Flight 901 crashed on Mount Erebus, killing all 257 people on board.
Pon Radhakrishnan
Pon Radhakrishnan (born 1 March 1952) is an Indian politician representing the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was the Minister of State in the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Shipping between May 2014 and May 2019. Earlier, he served as the Union Minister of State for Road Transport & Highways in the NDA government. He has also served as the Minister of State for Youth affairs and Minister of State in the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation in Third Vajpayee Ministry. He was elected to Lok Sabha from Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu in 2014. He lost in the recent 2019, 2021 (by-election) and 2024 parliamentary elections.

Third Vajpayee ministry
Atal Bihari Vajpayee was sworn in as Prime Minister of India for third time on 13 October 1999. Here is the list of ministers in the Third Vajpayee Ministry. During its tenure, this ministry became the largest Union Council of Ministers in India's history, comprising around 88 ministers to managing the broad-based National Democratic Alliance including over two dozen coalition partners.

The cabinet's size was later prompted the 91st Constitutional Amendment in 2003, which capped the number of ministers at 15% of the Lok Sabha strength.
Kita-Matsue Line
The Kita-Matsue Line (北松江線, Kita-matsue-sen) is a 22.9 km railway line owned by the Ichibata Electric Railway. The line connects Dentetsu-Izumoshi Station in Izumo with Matsue-Shinjiko-Onsen Station in Matsue, all within Shimane Prefecture, Japan. Tracks run parallel to JR West's San'in Main Line on the north of Lake Shinji.

Izumo, Shimane
Izumo (出雲市, Izumo-shi) is a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 172,841 in 69,435 households and a population density of 280 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 624.36 square kilometers (241.07 sq mi).
Roman Catholic Diocese of Hamilton in Bermuda
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Hamilton in Bermuda (Latin: Dioecesis Hamiltonensis in Bermuda) is a diocese of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church in North America. The diocese comprises the entirety of the dependency of Bermuda. The diocese is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Nassau, and a member of the Antilles Episcopal Conference.

The diocese of Hamilton was erected in 1953 out of the Archdiocese of Halifax-Yarmouth in Nova Scotia, Canada (Bermuda having historically been part of British North America) as the Prefecture Apostolic of Bermuda Islands. It was elevated to an apostolic vicariate in January 1956 and to the Diocese of Hamilton in Bermuda in June 1967.

Archdiocese of Halifax–Yarmouth
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Halifax–Yarmouth (Latin: Archidioecesis Halifaxiensis–Yarmuthensis) is a Latin Church archdiocese that includes part of the civil province of Nova Scotia.

The Archdiocese of Halifax–Yarmouth has both a cathedral, St. Mary's Cathedral Basilica, in Halifax, and a co-cathedral St. Ambrose Co-Cathedral, in Yarmouth. Since 2020, the diocesan ordinary has been Archbishop Brian Dunn.
Napster (streaming service)
Napster is a music streaming service based in Seattle, Washington, United States.

Until 2016, the service was known domestically as Rhapsody before rebranding as Napster, the same name brand that was used by Roxio's Napster. On March 25, 2025, it was sold to Infinite Reality.

Open music model
The open music model is an economic and technological framework for the recording industry based on research conducted at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It predicts that the playback of prerecorded music will be regarded as a service rather than as individually sold products, and that the only system for the digital distribution of music that will be viable against piracy is a subscription-based system supporting file sharing and free of digital rights management. The research also indicated that US$9 per month for unlimited use would be the market clearing price at that time, but recommended $5 per month as the long-term optimal price.

Since its creation in 2002, a number of its principles have been adopted throughout the recording industry, and it has been cited as the basis for the business model of many music subscription services.
Marie-Octobre
Marie-Octobre is a 1959 French drama mystery film directed by Julien Duvivier and starring Danielle Darrieux, Bernard Blier and Robert Dalban. It is based on the eponymous novel by Jacques Robert. The entire action takes place in real time over 99 minutes. It was shot at the Boulogne Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Georges Wakhévitch. It is also known by the alternative title Secret Meeting The film was remade in 2008 by director Josée Dayan, starring Nathalie Baye.

Julien Duvivier
Julien Duvivier (French: [ʒyljɛ̃ dyvivje]; 8 October 1896 – 29 October 1967) was a French film director and screenwriter. He was prominent in French cinema in the years 1930–1960. Amongst his most original films, chiefly notable are La Bandera, Pépé le Moko, Little World of Don Camillo, Panic (Panique), Deadlier Than the Male and Marianne de ma jeunesse.

Jean Renoir called him, a "great technician, [a] rigorist, a poet".
Whistler's Father
"Whistler's Father" is the third episode of the twenty-ninth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons, and the 621st episode of the series overall. The episode was directed by Matthew Faughnan and written by Tom Gammill and Max Pross. It aired in the United States on Fox on October 15, 2017.

In this episode, Homer tries to gain fame with Maggie's whistling while Marge redecorates a building for Fat Tony. Nick Fascitelli and Valerie Harper guest starred. The episode received mixed reviews.

This is the final episode with a credit to longtime Simpsons score composer Alf Clausen, who was fired from his position shortly before the season began airing.

Matthew Faughnan
Matthew Faughnan is an American animation director with The Simpsons and has directed twenty nine episodes. Prior to that, he was an assistant director with the show and won a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Oustatnding Animated Program in 2003 for "Three Gays of the Condo".
Situation Critical (song)
"Situation Critical" is a 1985 song by Canadian band Platinum Blonde from their album Alien Shores. The song reached number 8 on the Canadian chart in 1985 making it their second top 10 hit in Canada after "Crying Over You". The song plays at 122 BPM in 44 time signature, and is in C♯ minor. Lead singer Mark Holmes was interviewed by radio station BOOM 97.3 about the song. It was also the opening track for the album.

Alien Shores
Alien Shores is the second studio album by Platinum Blonde Released by Columbia/CBS Records Canada in 1985, it contained one of the band's biggest Canadian hits with "Crying Over You" and their only US hit, "Somebody Somewhere". The album reached a high of 3 for 4 weeks on the Canadian charts.

This album was the first to feature Kenny MacLean as a full-time bassist and keyboardist. This freed lead singer Mark Holmes to focus on lead vocal duties.

The band enlisted Alex Lifeson from fellow Canadian rockers Rush to perform guitar solos on two songs on the album, "Crying Over You" and "Holy Water". Coincidentally, a song entitled "Alien Shore" is the sixth track on Rush's 1993 album Counterparts.

The album was released as a mini-concept album with the b-side (starting with "Lost in Space") containing various songs with a science fiction theme and narrative.
National Diaspora Agency (Albania)
The National Diaspora Agency (AKD) (Albanian: Agjencia Kombëtare e Diasporës) is a state body within the Albanian Government responsible for relations with the Albanian diaspora. It advocates for the rights and interests of Albanian citizens in other countries. The agency is under the supervision of the Minister of State for Diaspora, Pandeli Majko.

At the head of the institution is the Steering Council, consisting of seven members. The members are representatives from the Ministry of Diaspora; Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Ministry of Internal Affairs; Ministry of Finance and Economy; Ministry of Education, Sports and Youth; Ministry of Culture; as well as by the Central Election Commission.

AKD prepares periodic reports for the Assembly and the Council of Ministers on the diaspora activity, which may be funded from various donations and projects.

Minister of State for Diaspora (Albania)
The Minister of State for Diaspora (Albanian: Minister i Shtetit për Diasporën) was a ministerial post of the Albanian Government responsible for communicating and dealing with issues that affected the Albanian diaspora. Its minister was Pandeli Majko.
Johann Strauss Theater
The Johann Strauss Theater in Wieden, part of Vienna, Austria, was built in 1908 especially for operettas. It had a hall for 1,200 spectators in Baroque Revival style. After many successful world premieres such as Die Csárdásfürstin, played more than 500 times, it was demolished in 1960.

Bruno Granichstaedten
Bruno Bernhard Granichstaedten (September 1, 1879, Vienna – May 30, 1944, New York City) was an Austrian composer and librettist. He composed sixteen operettas and music for various films. He contributed the song "Zuschau'n kann i net" to the musical play The White Horse Inn. He emigrated from Austria, ending up in the United States of America in 1940, where he was only able to earn his living by playing the piano at night clubs.
George McMahon (actor)
George McMahon (born 20 September 1985 in Dublin, Ireland) is an Irish actor.

He is known for his role as Jamie Custer in Custer's Last Stand-up, and for his role as Mondo O'Connell in Fair City.
McMahon's career began at the age of 14 when he joined the Independent Theatre Workshop and the Helen Jordan Stage School. He won reality television show Celebrity Farm in 2003. He donated the €50,000 prize fund to three charities of his choice which were The Bubblegum Club; the Children's Cancer Fund of Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children in Crumlin; and community-based voluntary organisation St. Michael's House, which cares for children and adults with learning disabilities.

Celebrity Farm
Celebrity Farm was a 2003 Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) reality television show, based on the international TV format The Farm, produced by Strix. Held along similar lines as I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!, Celebrity Farm required eight of Ireland's C-List celebrities to spend seven days on a farm with one being voted off every evening (or "turfed out" as RTÉ called it). It was hosted by Ear to the Ground presenter Mairead McGuinness and the prize money was €50,000 to the charity of their choice.
King City, California
King City (variants: Kings City, City of King) is a city in Monterey County, California, United States. It is located on the Salinas River 51 miles (82 km) southeast of Salinas, at an elevation of 335 feet (102 m). It lies along U.S. Route 101 in the Salinas Valley of California's Central Coast. King City is a member of the Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments. The population was 13,332 at the 2020 census, up from 12,874 in 2010.

Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments
The Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments (AMBAG) is a regional governmental organization which consists of representation of a large number of public agencies within Monterey County, Santa Cruz County and San Benito County, California. AMBAG has a broad charter of research and governmental oversight for a variety of functions including elements of land planning, natural resource conservation, energy, transportation, and economic development. The following governmental entities are members of AMBAG:
Aldeburgh branch line
The Aldeburgh branch line was a railway branch line linking the town of Saxmundham on the East Suffolk line and the seaside resort of Aldeburgh. There were intermediate stops at Leiston and Thorpeness. Part of the line remains in use for nuclear flask trains servicing Sizewell nuclear power station.

British Rail Metro-Cammell Lightweight
In 1955, Metropolitan Cammell produced its first lightweight diesel multiple units, the prototypes of what were to become one of British Rail's most successful and longest-lived First Generation DMU types, the Class 101.
113th Sustainment Brigade
The 113th Sustainment Brigade is a modular sustainment brigade of the United States Army National Guard.

The unit is composed of units from the North Carolina Army National Guard. The unit was originally formed in 1974 as the 113th Field Artillery Brigade. On 5 October 2008, the unit was reformed as a sustainment brigade, losing the 5th Battalion, 113th Field Artillery Regiment, a unit that had been assigned to the brigade since its formation, as a part of the process.
The unit honors and lineage has since passed onto Battery C, 5th Battalion, 113th Field Artillery Regiment. To date, the 113th Sustainment Brigade has been a key contributor to mobilizing units within the NCNG in support of Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom and the Multinational Force and Observers by providing personnel, transportation and equipment support.

Army National Guard
The Army National Guard (ARNG) is an organized militia force and a federal military reserve force of the United States Army. It is simultaneously part of two different organizations: the Militia of the United States (consisting of the ARNG of each state, most territories, and Washington D.C.), as well as the federal ARNG, as part of the National Guard as a whole (which includes the Air National Guard). It is divided into subordinate units stationed in each state or insular area, responsible to their respective governors or other head-of-government.

The Guard's origins are usually traced to the city of Salem, Massachusetts, in 1636. That year a regiment of militia drilled for the first time to defend a multi-community area within what is now the United States.
Górki, Busko County
Górki [ˈɡurki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wiślica, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Wiślica, 13 km (8 mi) south of Busko-Zdrój, and 60 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Wiślica
Gmina Wiślica is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Wiślica, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) south of Busko-Zdrój and 60 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 100.58 square kilometres (38.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,690.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Nida Landscape Park.
André J. Thomas
André Jerome Thomas (born 15 August 1952) is an American composer and conductor. He served as a professor of music at the College of Music at Florida State University and the artistic director for the Tallahassee Community Chorus. In addition to his conducting and composition credits, Thomas is a published author, having written Way Over in Beulah Lan': Understanding and Performing the Negro Spiritual, and numerous journal articles.

Florida State University College of Music
The Florida State University College of Music, located in Tallahassee, Florida, is one of sixteen colleges comprising Florida State University. The college houses two Grammy winners, a former concertmaster of the New York Philharmonic, a Pulitzer Prize-winning composer, a former leading tenor of the Metropolitan Opera, and the world's leading scholar in music therapy. As the third-largest music program in higher education, the college's comprehensive curricula embrace all traditional areas of music and world music study from the baccalaureate to the doctoral level.
Eye and Ear Theater
The Eye and Ear Theater Company was founded in 1979 by Ada Katz, wife of the painter Alex Katz; Roy Leaf, vice president of the Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture; and theater director Mac McGinnes, as a non-profit theatrical production company.

Bob Holman
Bob Holman is an American poet and poetry activist, most closely identified with the oral tradition, the spoken word, and poetry slam. As a promoter of poetry in many media, Holman has spent the last four decades working variously as an author, editor, publisher, performer, emcee of live events, director of theatrical productions, producer of films and television programs, record label executive, university professor, and archivist. He was described by Henry Louis Gates Jr. in The New Yorker as "the postmodern promoter who has done more to bring poetry to cafes and bars than anyone since Ferlinghetti."
Implosive consonant
Implosive consonants are a group of stop consonants (and possibly also some affricates) with a mixed glottalic ingressive and pulmonic egressive airstream mechanism. That is, the airstream is controlled by moving the glottis downward in addition to expelling air from the lungs. Therefore, unlike the purely glottalic ejective consonants, implosives can be modified by phonation. Contrastive implosives are found in approximately 13% of the world's languages.

In the International Phonetic Alphabet, implosives are indicated by modifying the top of a letter (voiced stop) with a rightward-facing hook: bilabial ⟨ɓ⟩, alveolar ⟨ɗ ⟩, retroflex ⟨ᶑ ⟩ (this letter is 'implicit' in the IPA), palatal ⟨ ʄ ⟩, velar ⟨ɠ ⟩ and uvular ⟨ʛ ⟩.

Serer language
Serer, often broken into differing regional dialects such as Serer-Sine and Serer-Saloum, is a language of the Senegambian branch of the Niger–Congo family spoken by 1.2 million people in Senegal and 30,000 in the Gambia as of 2009. It is the principal language of the Serer people, and was the language of the early modern kingdoms of Sine, Saloum, and Baol. Serer is primarily written in the Latin alphabet.
The Dudesons
The Dudesons (Finnish: Duudsonit) are a Finnish entertainment group. They are best known for their TV shows and live performances, which are a combination of stunts and comedy. Their early TV shows were similar to Jackass. Starting their television career in the early 2000s, they gained international fame and had a show on the American television channel MTV in 2010. After The Dudesons in America, the group started to shift from the stunts to more multidimensional careers.

Bam Margera
Brandon Cole "Bam" Margera (/mɑːrˈdʒɛərə/ mar-JAIR-ə; born September 28, 1979) is an American former professional skateboarder, stunt performer, television personality, and filmmaker. He rose to prominence in the early 2000s as one of the stars of the MTV reality stunt show Jackass and subsequent films. He also created the spin-off shows Viva La Bam (2003–2006), Bam's Unholy Union (2007), Bam's World Domination (2010), and Bam's Bad Ass Game Show (2014), and co-wrote and directed the films Haggard (2003), and Minghags (2009).

Since the mid-2000s, Margera has struggled with alcoholism and subsequent legal troubles. Following the death of childhood friend Ryan Dunn and the end of his television projects in 2011–12, Margera's drinking and drug use intensified. In 2020, he was fired from the production of Jackass Forever (2022) due to his drug and alcohol issues.
ConScript Unicode Registry
The ConScript Unicode Registry is a volunteer project to coordinate the assignment of code points in the Unicode Private Use Areas (PUA) for the encoding of artificial scripts, such as those for constructed languages. It was founded by John Cowan and was maintained by him and Michael Everson. It is not affiliated with the Unicode Consortium.

Michael Everson
Michael Everson (born January 1963) is an American and Irish linguist, script encoder, typesetter, type designer and publisher. He runs a publishing company called Evertype, through which he has published more than one hundred books since 2006.

His central area of expertise is with writing systems of the world, specifically in the representation of these systems in formats for computer and digital media. In 2003 Rick McGowan said he was "probably the world's leading expert in the computer encoding of scripts" for his work to add a wide variety of scripts and characters to the Universal Character Set. Since 1993, he has written more than two hundred proposals which have added thousands of characters to ISO/IEC 10646 and the Unicode standard; as of 2003, he was credited as the leading contributor of Unicode proposals.
1821 Mississippi gubernatorial election
The 1821 Mississippi gubernatorial election was held on August 6, 1821, to elect the governor of Mississippi. Walter Leake, a Democratic-Republican won against Charles B. Green, another Democratic Republican.

Walter Leake
Walter Daniel Leake (May 20, 1762 – November 17, 1825) was an American lawyer, planter and politician. After serving in the American Revolutionary War and in the Virginia House of Delegates, he moved to the Mississippi Territory where he became a judge, and after statehood a United States Senator from Mississippi (1817–1820), as a circuit court judge in 1821, and as third Governor of Mississippi (1822–1825). He was the first Governor of Mississippi to die in office. A relative, Walter D. Leake, served in the Virginia House of Delegates for many terms beginning in 1842 and also represented Goochland County in the Virginia Secession Convention long after this man's death.
Dianthus callizonus
Dianthus callizonus, the beauty's girdle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae, endemic to the Piatra Craiului Mountains of Romania. Garofița Pietrei Craiului, the little carnation of Piatra Craiului, as it is known in Romanian, is a symbol of the Piatra Craiului massif and the national park of the same name.

Piatra Craiului National Park
Piatra Craiului National Park is a protected area of national interest in Romania corresponding to IUCN category II (national park), located on the territories of Argeș (6,967 ha.) and Brașov (7,806 ha) counties. Located on the Piatra Craiului Massif, it is largely karstic.
Raucous
Raucous was a live, half an hour, RMITV program broadcast on C31 Melbourne featuring youth-oriented segments, arts reviews, comedy skits, interviews, street talks and live music. It was co-hosted by Lyndon Horsburgh and featured segments with Hamish and Andy's Hamish Blake and Andy Lee. The show debuted on Thursday 8 February 2001.

RMITV
RMITV is a not-for-profit, community access television production facility based at RMIT University City Campus in Melbourne, Australia. It is a full member of the Melbourne Community Television Consortium, a not-for-profit consortium that operates the community access channel C31 which broadcasts throughout Melbourne and Geelong.