hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Branch-decomposition
In graph theory, a branch-decomposition of an undirected graph G is a hierarchical clustering of the edges of G, represented by an unrooted binary tree T with the edges of G as its leaves. Removing any edge from T partitions the edges of G into two subgraphs, and the width of the decomposition is the maximum number of shared vertices of any pair of subgraphs formed in this way. 
The branchwidth of G is the minimum width of any branch-decomposition of G.

Branchwidth is closely related to tree-width: for all graphs, both of these numbers are within a constant factor of each other, and both quantities may be characterized by forbidden minors. And as with treewidth, many graph optimization problems may be solved efficiently for graphs of small branchwidth. However, unlike treewidth, the branchwidth of planar graphs may be computed exactly, in polynomial time. Branch-decompositions and branchwidth may also be generalized from graphs to matroids.

Matroid
In combinatorics, a matroid /ˈmeɪtrɔɪd/ is a structure that abstracts and generalizes the notion of linear independence in vector spaces. There are many equivalent ways to define a matroid axiomatically, the most significant being in terms of: independent sets; bases or circuits; rank functions; closure operators; and closed sets or flats. In the language of partially ordered sets, a finite simple matroid is equivalent to a geometric lattice.

Matroid theory borrows extensively from the terms used in both linear algebra and graph theory, largely because it is the abstraction of various notions of central importance in these fields. Matroids have found applications in geometry, topology, combinatorial optimization, network theory, and coding theory.
Yago Takanori
Yago Takanori (Japanese: 矢後 太規; born 8 July 1994) is a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Memuro, Hokkaido. He was an amateur champion at Chuo University and won the Amateur Yokozuna title at the All-Japan Sumo Championships in December 2016. He made his professional debut in May 2017, joining Oguruma stable. He reached the jūryō division in September 2017 and the top makuuchi division in January 2019. His highest rank has been maegashira 10.

Professional sumo divisions
Professional sumo as administered by the Japanese Sumo Association is divided into six ranked divisions. Wrestlers are promoted and demoted within and between these divisions based on the merit of their win–loss records in official tournaments. For more information, see kachi-koshi and make-koshi. Wrestlers are also ranked within each division. The higher a wrestler's rank within a division is, the general level of opponents he will have to face becomes stronger. According to tradition, each rank is further subdivided into East and West, with East being slightly more prestigious, and ranked slightly higher than its West counterpart. The divisions, ranked in order of hierarchy from highest to lowest, are as follows:
Constitution of Uruguay of 1918
The second Constitution of Uruguay was in force during the period 1918–1933.

Approved in a referendum on 25 November 1917, it replaced the first Uruguayan Constitution, which had been in force since 1830.

Constitution of Uruguay
The Constitution of Uruguay (Constitución de la República Oriental del Uruguay) is the supreme law of Uruguay. Its first version was written in 1830 and its last amendment was made in 2004.

Uruguay's first constitution was adopted in 1830, following the conclusion of the three-year-long Cisplatine War in which Argentina and Uruguay acted as a federation: the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata. Mediated by the United Kingdom, the 1828 Treaty of Montevideo allowed to build the foundations for a Uruguayan state and constitution. It has been reformed in 1918, 1934, 1942, 1952 and 1967, but it still maintains several articles from its first version of 1830.
8th Mixed Brigade
The 8th Mixed Brigade (Spanish: 8.ª Brigada Mixta) was a mixed brigade of the Spanish Republican Army in the Spanish Civil War. It was formed at the beginning of the Defence of Madrid in early spring 1937 with battalions of the Carabineros corps and it remained in Madrid all along the war. Its first commander was Carabineros Lt. Colonel Enrique del Castillo Bravo who was succeeded by Carabineros Commanders Emeterio Jarillo Orgaz and José Casted Sena.

This unit should not be confused with the 8th Santander Brigade or 8th Mixed Brigade of the Santander Army Corps (Cuerpo del Ejército de Santander) led by Militia Major Juan Egea Jiménez, which later became the 169th Mixed Brigade.

Carabineros
The Carabineros was an armed carabiniers force of Spain under both the monarchy and the Second Republic. The formal mission of this paramilitary gendarmerie was to patrol the coasts and borders of the country, operating against fraud and smuggling. As such the Carabineros performed the dual roles of frontier guards and customs officials.

The force was established in 1829 and lasted until 1940 when it was summarily disbanded and merged with the Guardia Civil.
Steve Novick
Steven Novick (born February 8, 1963) is an American politician, attorney, and activist from the U.S. state of Oregon. In 2008, he was a candidate for U.S. Senate for the seat then held by Republican Gordon Smith, but narrowly lost the primary to Jeff Merkley. He served as a Portland City Commissioner from 2013 to 2017. On the city council, he was in charge of the city's transportation department, among other responsibilities.

Novick ran for re-election to the city council in 2016, but lost to Chloe Eudaly. In 2018, he became an attorney for the Oregon Department of Justice. He successfully ran for a seat on Portland City Council in 2024 in District 3 during the city's transition from a commission form of government to a mayor-council government.

Chloe Eudaly
Clover "Chloe" Delight Esther Eudaly (1969/1970) is an American politician from Oregon who served as Portland's City Commissioner from 2017 to 2021. Eudaly lost her November 2020 re-election bid to Mingus Mapps.
Abdurrahman Yalçınkaya
Abdurrahman Yalçınkaya (/əbdʊəˈræxmæn jɑːltʃɪnˈkaɪ.ə/ ⓘ əb-doo-RAKH-man yahl-chin-KY-ə; Turkish: [abduɾahˈman jaɫˈtʃɯnkaja]; born 10 March 1950 in Şanlıurfa, Turkey) is a high-ranking Turkish judge and the former Chief Public Prosecutor (between 2007 and 2011) of the Supreme Court of Appeals of Turkey. Since the end of his term on 2011, he has been a member of the Supreme Court of Appeals' Eight Civil Department.

Court of Cassation (Turkey)
The Court of Cassation, officially called the Supreme Court of Appeals of the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Yargıtay Başkanlığı – Yargıtay for short), is the last instance for reviewing verdicts given by courts of criminal and civil justice in Turkey.
Vieirinha
Adelino André Vieira de Freitas ComM (born 24 January 1986), known as Vieirinha (Portuguese pronunciation: [vjɐjˈɾiɲɐ]), is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a winger or a full-back.

Ambidextrous, he started playing for Porto, but spent most of his professional career with PAOK and Wolfsburg. With the first club, for whom he appeared in 343 competitive matches, he won the 2018–19 and 2023–24 Super League Greece championships and three Greek Cups.

Vieirinha made his debut with the Portugal national team in 2013, and was part of the squads at the 2014 World Cup and Euro 2016, winning the latter tournament.

Order of Merit (Portugal)
The Order of Merit (Portuguese: Ordem de Mérito) is a Portuguese Honorific Order of civil merit intended to award those responsible for meritorious acts or services performed in the exercise of any functions, both in the public and the private sphere, which reveal self-sacrifice in favor of the community. The decorations are given by the President of the Portuguese Republic, in his role as the Grand-Master of the Portuguese Honorific Orders. The Order of Merit can be awarded, during life or posthumously, to both Portuguese and foreign citizens; it can also be awarded to localities or institutions that are legal persons governed by public law or of public utility. This order has been awarded to a number of people performing the most diverse functions such as ambassadors, businesspeople, military personnel, athletes and musicians.
Myosotis saxosa
Myosotis saxosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Joseph Dalton Hooker described the species in 1853. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas with stamens that are exserted.

Myosotis
Myosotis (/ˌmaɪəˈsoʊtɪs/ MY-ə-SOH-tiss) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae.  In the Northern Hemisphere, they are colloquially known as forget-me-nots or scorpion grasses. The forget-me-not is the official flower of Alaska and Dalsland, Sweden.

The name comes from the Ancient Greek μυοσωτίς "mouse's ear", which the foliage is thought to resemble. Plants of the genus are not to be confused with the related genus Myosotidium and its sole species Myosotidium hortensia found in the  Chatham Islands.
Kronos Quartet
The Kronos Quartet is an American string quartet based in San Francisco. It has been in existence with a rotating membership of musicians for 50 years. The quartet covers a very broad range of musical genres, including contemporary classical music. More than 1,200 works have been written for it. The quartet has recorded over 75 albums and received a number of awards.

Commission (art)
In art, a commission is the act of requesting the creation of a piece, often on behalf of another. Artwork may be commissioned by private individuals, by the government, or businesses. Commissions often resemble endorsement or sponsorship.

In classical music, ensembles often commission pieces from composers, where the ensemble secures the composer's payment from private or public organizations or donors.
Ang Lai Soon
Datuk Seri Ang Lai Soon PSD SPMJ PNBS DPMJ AMN PBJ PGBK CStJ FRNS is a Malaysian philanthropist, charity director, social and environmental campaigner, and businessman from Kuching, Sarawak. He is the chair, Commander, and founder of St John Ambulance Sarawak branch of the international first aid charity. He is also President and founder of Sarawak's Cheshire Home, encouraging disabled people to move towards independent living. He is a member of the Order of St John as well as holding a wide range of honours and titles.

Order of the Star of Hornbill Sarawak
The Darjah Yang Amat Mulia Bintang Kenyalang Sarawak (Order of the Star of the Hornbill of Sarawak) is the second highest order group (in the group of orders) of the orders, decorations, and medals of Sarawak. The order was instituted in 1970, and was redesigned in 1988. Two more ranks were added to the order: the 'Officer' in 1988 and the 'Companion' in 2002.

The order is divided into six classes:
Palsit railway station
Palsit railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway station on the Howrah–Bardhaman main line operated by Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is situated beside Palla Road, National Highway 2, at Sekhpur, Palsit, Purba Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Howrah–Barddhaman main line
The Howrah–Barddhaman main line is a broad-gauge railway line connecting Howrah and Barddhaman via Bandel. The 107 kilometres (66 mi) railway line operates in Howrah, Hooghly and Purba Barddhaman districts in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is part of the Howrah–Delhi main line and the Kolkata Suburban Railway system.
The Noble Fisherman
The Noble Fisherman, also known as Robin Hood's Preferment and Robin Hood's Fishing, is a 17th-century ballad of Robin Hood.  Unusually, it depicts Robin Hood as a hero of the sea, rather than his usual portrayal as someone who operated in the greenwood forest.  It seems to have been quite popular for the first two centuries of its existence, although it eventually lost prominence and was less used in adaptations of Robin Hood from the 19th and 20th centuries.  It was later published by Francis James Child in the 1880s as Child Ballad #148 in his influential collection of popular ballads.

Robin Hood's Bay in the Borough of Scarborough may have been an inspiration for the writer of the ballad.

Francis James Child
Francis James Child (February 1, 1825 – September 11, 1896) was an American scholar, educator, and folklorist, best known today for his collection of English and Scottish ballads now known as the Child Ballads. Child was Boylston professor of rhetoric and oratory at Harvard University, where he produced influential editions of English poetry. In 1876 he was named Harvard's first Professor of English, a position which allowed him to focus on academic research. It was during this time that he began work on the Child Ballads.

The Child Ballads were published in five volumes between 1882 and 1898. While Child was primarily a literary scholar with little interest in the music of the ballads, his work became a major contribution to the study of English-language folk music.
John de Lilburne
Sir John de Lilburne of West Lilburn (1279–1355) was a knight who held numerous political and military offices during the first half of the 14th Century. A member of the Lilburn family of Northumberland, Sir John took part in Sir Gilbert de Middleton's rebellion against King Edward II of England, acting on behalf of the monarch's cousin, the 2nd Earl of Lancaster.

Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster
Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster (c. 1278 – 22 March 1322) was an English nobleman of the first House of Lancaster, a cadet branch of the royal Plantagenet dynasty. He held the titles of Earl of Lancaster, Leicester, and Derby from 1296 until his death in 1322, and also those of Earl of Lincoln and Salisbury jure uxoris from 1311 to 1322. As one of the most powerful barons in England, Thomas became a leading figure in the baronial opposition to his first cousin, King Edward II.
It's All Me, Vol. 2
It's All Me, Vol. 2 is the second extended play by Japanese-American singer-songwriter Ai. It was released on February 24, 2021, through EMI Records, as a follow-up to It's All Me, Vol. 1 (2020). Ai primarily collaborated with western producers and longtime collaborator Julian Le.

The lead and only single "Not So Different" was released in November 2020 with a remix release featuring Awich in December 2020. "Hope" was released in January 2021 as a promotional single.

Awich
Akiko Urasaki (浦崎 亜希子; born December 16, 1986), known professionally as Awich (エイウィッチ, Eiwitchi), is a Japanese hip hop artist. She made her major label debut with Universal Music Japan in 2020. Her stage name is short for "Asian wish child," which is the literal meaning of the Japanese characters in her given name.
Chanelle Price
Chanelle Price (born August 22, 1990) is an American middle-distance runner who specializes in the 800-meter run. She has a personal record of 1:58.73 for the distance. She was the gold medalist at the IAAF World Indoor Championships in 2014.

Price represented the United States at the 2007 World Youth Championships in Athletics and was a medalist at the 2009 Pan American Junior Athletics Championships and the 2012 NACAC Under-23 Championships in Athletics.

In 2008, she ran the second fastest 800 m time ever for an American high school girl and was chosen as the High School Athlete of the Year. She attended the University of Tennessee and broke the world records for the distance medley relay and the 4 × 800 metres relay with the college team. She also set an American record for the 4 × 1500 metres relay. She won two NCAA titles in the distance medley relay and placed in the top three of the 800 m at the NCAA Outdoor Championships.

NCAA Women's Outdoor Track and Field Championship
The NCAA Women's Outdoor Track and Field Championship refers to one of three annual collegiate outdoor track and field competitions for women organised by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for athletes from institutions that make up its three divisions: Division I, II, and III. In each event athlete's individual performances earn points for their institution and the team with the most points receives the NCAA team title in track and field.

NCAA Division I Women's Outdoor Track and Field Championships

NCAA Division II Women's Outdoor Track and Field Championships

NCAA Division III Women's Outdoor Track and Field Championships

A separate NCAA men's competition is also held.
Alex Darrow
Alex Andrew Darrow (born October 4, 1993) is an American entrepreneur best known for founding the fiscally sponsored non-profit organization PictureTheWorld. As of February 2010, he is one of the youngest executive directors of an established non-profit organization in the world.

Executive director
Executive director is commonly the title of the chief executive officer (CEO) of a company, a non-profit organization, government agency or international organization.

It generally has the same meaning as CEO or managing director.

The title may also be used by a member of a board of directors for a corporation, such as a company, cooperative or nongovernmental organization, who usually holds a specific managerial position with the corporation. In this context the role is usually contrasted with a non-executive director who usually holds no executive, managerial role with the corporation, but purely an advisory role.

There is much national and cultural variation in the exact definition of an executive director.
2014 Florida gubernatorial election
The 2014 Florida gubernatorial election took place on November 4, 2014, to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Florida.

The incumbent Republican, Rick Scott, ran for reelection. The Democratic nominee was former Governor Charlie Crist, who was Scott's direct predecessor. Crist was elected governor as a Republican in 2006 but did not run for re-election in 2010, instead opting to run for Senate as an independent. Libertarian nominee Adrian Wyllie and several candidates with no party affiliation also ran. Political pundits considered the race a toss-up. This was one of nine Republican-held governorships up for election in a state that Barack Obama won in the 2012 presidential election.

On Election Day, Scott defeated Crist, earning 48% of the vote. With a margin of 1%, this election was the closest race of the 2014 gubernatorial election cycle.

Libertarian Party of Florida
The Libertarian Party of Florida (LPF) is the state affiliate of the Libertarian National Committee in Florida. Founded in 1987, it is committed to the principles of limited government, individual freedom, and personal responsibility.

The current executive committee was elected during the annual convention in June 2025, in Daytona, Florida.

Officers

Chair: Matthew Johnson

Vice-Chair: Edward Appler

Secretary: Lisa Gansky

Treasurer: Juana Delacruz

At-Large Directors

John Morrisey (Director-at-Large 1)

Larry Gillis (Director-at-Large 2)

Omar Recuero (Director-at-Large 3)

Regional Representatives

Nicole Skelly (Region 1)

VACANT (Region 2)

VACANT (Region 3)

Leon Armstrong (Region 4)

David Salisbury (Region 5)

Dennis "Mike" Simpson (Region 6)

Joe Hannoush (Region 7)

JD Pierce (Region 8)

Dennis Misigoy (Region 9)

Stephen-Paul Dieter (Region 10)

Bryan Beavers (Region 11)

John Paff (Region 12)

Steven Gallant (Region 13)

Christopher McQueen (Region 14)
Jane Watson (netball)
Jane Louise Watson (born 7 March 1990) is a New Zealand netball international. She was a member of the New Zealand teams that won the 2019 Netball World Cup and the 2021 Constellation Cup. Watson has also played for both Mainland Tactix and
Southern Steel in the ANZ Championship and the ANZ Premiership. In 2017 she was a member of the Steel team that won the inaugural ANZ Premiership title. She was named ANZ Premiership Player of the Year in both 2017 and 2020. In April 2022, Watson was included on a list of the 25 best players to feature in netball leagues in New Zealand since 1998.

2019 Netball World Cup
The 2019 Netball World Cup (also known as the 2019 Vitality Netball World Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 15th edition of the INF Netball World Cup. It was held from 12–21 July 2019 at the Liverpool Arena in Liverpool, England with matches being held on two courts. Host nation England finished their campaign with a bronze medal. New Zealand became 5th time champions after beating Australia in the final and gold medal match.

Sixteen nations contested for the title, which included the top six of the previous tournament which was held in Sydney, Australia. After two group stage rounds, Australia, England, New Zealand and South Africa all made it to the semi-finals. In a rematch of the 2015 final, New Zealand would take home their fifth title after defeating Australia by one goal. England finished in third place, after defeating South Africa.

Trinidad and Tobago's Rhonda John-Davis appeared in her sixth World Cup, a World Cup record.
2014 in the sport of athletics
In 2014 there was no primary outdoor global athletics championship, as neither the Summer Olympics nor the World Championships in Athletics occurred in the year. The 2014 IAAF World Indoor Championships, and the 2014 IAAF Continental Cup were the foremost global events to be held in 2014. The 2014 IAAF World Relays marked the debut of the new international competition exclusively for relay races.

The Diamond League entered its fifth year as the foremost seasonal track and field series. The 2014 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships and the 2014 IAAF World Race Walking Cup were the highest level competitions for those disciplines. Major regional events which took place in 2014 include the European Championships, African Championships, and Commonwealth Games.

2014 IAAF World Relays
The 2014 IAAF World Relays were held in May 2014 in Nassau, Bahamas. The event was the first edition of the IAAF World Relays. There were five events for each gender. In men's and women's 4 × 100 metres and 4 × 400 metres, the event served as a qualification event for the 2015 World Championships in Athletics.
Tanja Hart
Tanja Hart (born 24 January 1974) is a German retired volleyball player who made her debut for the German Women's National Team in 1995.

She represented her native country in three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996. She played also at the 1998 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, at the 2002 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Germany, and at the 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship.
On club level she played with Dresdner SC.

After retiring in 2007 to become a schoolteacher (English, sports) she briefly came back to help Germany at the 2008 Olympic qualification tournament in her home country, which would be her 4th Olympics, but after losing narrowly in the semis she completely retired.

2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 23rd edition of the event, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Ankara, Turkey from 20 to 28 September 2003.

The two finalists Poland and Turkey claimed a ticket for the 2003 FIVB Women's World Cup and the first Olympic Qualification Tournament for the 2004 Summer Olympics held in Japan in November. The first six ranked teams (Poland, Turkey, Netherlands, Germany, Italy, and Russia) qualified for the European Olympic Qualification Tournament in Baku, from 5 to 10 January 2004. Semifinalists Turkey, Germany, Poland and the Netherlands also automatically qualified for the 2005 Women's European Championships, which took place in Croatia. Defending champion Russia finished out of the medals for the first time in volleyball history.