hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi
Al Wathba (Arabic: ٱلْوَثْبَة, romanized: Al-Wathbah) is a suburb of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates that has a wetland nearby. It is located not too far from Zayed International Airport. It is also known as Zayed Festival village because of the Sheikh Zayed Festival, an important festival in Abu Dhabi which is held here.

Al Wathba was introduced after Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan became the Ruler of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi in 1966, he set about further developing the Emirate, spending on healthcare, education and infrastructure. As part of his plan to develop the city of Abu Dhabi, in the 1980s, he invited Sir William Sydney Atkins, of the company W.S. Atkins and Partners (Atkins), to plan the development of Abu Dhabi and what would become the satellites of Al Wathba, Al Shahama and Baniyas, where a number of local Bedouins and immigrants from other parts of the Arabian Peninsula had settled under Sheikh Zayed's encouragement.

Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan
Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan (Arabic: زايد بن سلطان آل نهيان, romanized: Zāyid bin Sulṭān Āl Nahyān; 6 May 1918 – 2 November 2004) was an Emirati politician, philanthropist, and the founding father of the United Arab Emirates. Zayed served as the governor of Eastern Region from 1946 until he became the ruler of Abu Dhabi in 1966, and served as the first president of the United Arab Emirates from its independence on 2 December 1971 until his death in 2004. He is referred in the United Arab Emirates as the Father of the Nation for being the principal driving force behind the unification of the United Arab Emirates.

Zayed replaced his older brother Sheikh Shakhbut bin Sultan as the ruler of Abu Dhabi on 6 August 1966 after Shakhbut was deposed through a bloodless coup by members of the ruling family with British support.
Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula
The Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula (sometimes known as the NNG formula) relates the baryon number B, the strangeness S, the isospin I3 of quarks and hadrons to the electric charge Q. It was originally given by Kazuhiko Nishijima and Tadao Nakano in 1953, and led to the proposal of strangeness as a concept, which Nishijima originally called "eta-charge" after the eta meson. Murray Gell-Mann proposed the formula independently in 1956. The modern version of the formula relates all flavour quantum numbers (isospin up and down, strangeness, charm, bottomness, and topness) with the baryon number and the electric charge.

Baryon number
In particle physics, the baryon number (B) is an  additive quantum number of a system. It is defined as

where ⁠⁠ is the number of quarks, and ⁠⁠ is the number of antiquarks. Baryons (three quarks) have B = +1, mesons (one quark, one antiquark) have B = 0, and antibaryons (three antiquarks) have B = −1. Exotic hadrons like pentaquarks (four quarks, one antiquark) and tetraquarks (two quarks, two antiquarks) are also classified as baryons and mesons depending on their baryon number. In the Standard Model B conservation is an accidental symmetry which means that it appears in the Standard Model but is often violated when going beyond it. Physics beyond the Standard Model theories that contain baryon number violation are, for example, Standard Model with extra dimensions, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theory and String theory.
Alekhine's Defence
Alekhine's Defence is a chess opening that begins with the moves:

1. e4 Nf6

Black tempts White's pawns forward to form a broad pawn centre, with plans to undermine and attack the white structure later in the spirit of hypermodern defence. Grandmaster Nick de Firmian observes of Alekhine's Defence in MCO-15 (2008), "The game immediately loses any sense of symmetry or balance, which makes the opening a good choice for aggressive fighting players."

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Bryan M. Thomas
Bryan Morel Thomas (May 8, 1836 – July 16, 1905) was an American soldier, farmer, marshal, and educator. He served as an officer in the United States Army, and later in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He was a son-in-law of Jones M. Withers, under whom Thomas would serve in the war. Thomas also participated in and was captured during the 1865 Battle of Fort Blakeley, the conflict's final infantry fight.

Battle of Fort Blakeley
The Battle of Fort Blakeley took place from April 2 to April 9, 1865, in Baldwin County, Alabama, about 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Spanish Fort, Alabama, as part of the Mobile Campaign of the American Civil War. At the time, Blakeley, Alabama, had been the county seat of Baldwin County.

The Battle of Blakeley was the final major battle of the Civil War, with surrender just hours after Grant had accepted the surrender of Lee at Appomattox in the afternoon of April 9, 1865. Mobile, Alabama, was the last major Confederate port to be captured by Union forces, on April 12, 1865. After the assassination of President Lincoln on April 15, 1865, other Confederate surrenders continued into June 1865.
Heliofungia actiniformis
Heliofungia actiniformis is a solitary species of mushroom coral, a large polyp stony coral in the family Fungiidae. This coral is found in shallow water in the Indo-Pacific region, as it is a zooxanthellate. H. actiniformis is a popular coral in the reef aquarium trade; wild populations are threatened by disease, climate change, and over-collection for the aquarium trade, and the species is considered vulnerable by the IUCN.

Coral disease
Coral diseases are transmissible pathogens that cause the degradation of coral colonies. Coral cover in reef ecosystems has decreased significantly for a diverse set of reasons, ranging from variable environmental conditions to mechanical breakdowns from storms. In recent years, diseases that infect and kill coral have shown to be a threat to the health of coral reefs. Since the first coral disease was reported in 1965, many different kinds of diseases have popped up in mostly Caribbean waters. These diseases are diverse, including pathogens of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoans. Coral diseases have widespread implications, impacting entire ecosystems and communities of organisms. Researchers are working to understand these diseases, and how potential treatments could stop these pathogens from causing the widespread death of corals in a way that permanently impacts the community structure of reefs.
Outline of Missouri
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of Missouri:

Missouri – U.S. state named for the Missouri River, which was named after the Siouan-language tribe. The Smithsonian Bureau of American Ethnology states that Missouri means town of the large canoes. Other authorities say the original native American syllables (from which the word came) mean wooden canoe people, he of the big canoe, or river of the big canoes. Located in the Midwestern United States, the state lies on the Mississippi River, which defines its eastern border. The land that is now Missouri was acquired from France as part of the Louisiana Purchase and became known as the Missouri Territory. Part of this Territory was admitted into the union as the 24th state on August 10, 1821.

Missouri Territory
The Territory of Missouri was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from June 4, 1812, until August 10, 1821.  In 1819, the Territory of Arkansas was created from a portion of its southern area. In 1821, a southeastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Missouri, and the rest became unorganized territory for several years.
Pier Luigi Bersani
Pier Luigi Bersani (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpjɛr luˈiːdʒi berˈsaːni]; born 29 September 1951) is an Italian politician and was Secretary of the Democratic Party (PD), Italy's leading centre-left party, from 2009 to 2013. Bersani was Minister of Industry, Commerce and Craftmanship from 1996 to 1999, President of Emilia-Romagna from 1993 to 1996, Minister of Transport from 1999 to 2001, and Minister of Economic Development from 2006 to 2008.

Minister of Economic Development (Italy)
The minister of economic development, whose official name since 2022 is Minister for Business and Made in Italy, is the head of the Ministry of Economic Development in Italy. The list shows also the ministers that served under the same office but with other names, in fact this minister has changed name many times.

The current minister is Adolfo Urso, appointed on 22 October 2022 by Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni.
Cody McLeod
Wesley Cody McLeod (born June 26, 1984) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey winger who is the assistant director of player development coach for the Minnesota Wild of the National Hockey League (NHL). As an undrafted player, McLeod played for the Colorado Avalanche, Nashville Predators, and New York Rangers. He was best known for his role similar to that of an enforcer.

Minnesota Wild
The Minnesota Wild are a professional ice hockey team based in Saint Paul, Minnesota. The Wild compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Central Division in the Western Conference. The team plays its home games at the Grand Casino Arena, and is owned by Craig Leipold. The Wild are affiliated with the Iowa Wild of the American Hockey League (AHL) and the Iowa Heartlanders of the ECHL.

The Wild were founded on June 25, 1997, and began play in the 2000–01 season. The team was founded following the departure of the Minnesota North Stars, who were based in Minnesota from 1967 to 1993, when they relocated to Dallas, Texas, and became the Dallas Stars. The Wild made their first Stanley Cup playoffs appearance in 2003, making a surprise run to the Western Conference finals, but ultimately losing to the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. The team have appeared in the playoffs a total of 14 times, and have won one division championship, in 2008.
Siphesihle Ndlovu
Siphesihle Ndlovu (born 30 September 1996) is a South African professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Premier Soccer League side Kaizer Chiefs and the South Africa national team. An academy graduate of Maritzburg United, he made his professional debut in 2016 and went on to make over 80 appearances for the club. During the 2017–18 season, he helped the club to record-high fourth-place finish in the league and was rewarded for his form with the Young Player of the Season award. At the end of the following season, he joined Orlando Pirates. He is a fan favorite in Pietermaritzburg and his nickname is Mbesuma.

Ndlovu is also a full international since March 2018 and has represented South Africa at a COSAFA Cup.

Premier Soccer League
The Premier Soccer League (PSL) is the administrative body for professional soccer leagues and cups in South Africa. It is based in Johannesburg, and was founded in 1996 following an agreement between the National Soccer League and the remnants of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL).

Affiliated to the South African Football Association (SAFA), the PSL organizes the country's top two professional divisions in the South African Premiership and the National First Division, and knockout cup competitions in the Nedbank Cup and the MTN 8. Teams that are relegated from the National First Division compete in the SAFA Second Division. They also organize a Youth League or PSL Reserve League DStv Diski Challenge.
Chavika Watrsang
Chavika Watrsang (born October 8, 1995) is a model and Thai beauty pageant titleholder who was appointed as Miss Earth Thailand 2015 and Thailand's representative in Miss Earth 2015. She is best known as the Miss Universe Thailand 2015 1st Runner-Up to Aniporn Chalermburanawong.

Chavika is the first representative from Miss Universe Thailand since 2012 when Waratthaya Wongchayaporn was sent to compete.She also joined Thai Super Model contest 2011 and got the final round (top 10) and Miss Photogenic model 2011

Aniporn Chalermburanawong
Aniporn Chalermburanawong (Thai: อนิพรณ์ เฉลิมบูรณะวงศ์; RTGS: Aniphon Chaloemburanawong; born 19 March 1994) is a Thai actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Universe Thailand 2015. She represented Thailand at the Miss Universe 2015 pageant held in Las Vegas, where she placed in the Top 10 and won Best in National Costume.
Alexa Irvin
Alexa Kaien Irvin (born July 21, 1992) is a Canadian sprint kayaker. She is the current Pan American Games champion in the women's K-4 500 metres, she won gold together with Andréanne Langlois, Alanna Bray-Lougheed, and Anna Negulic at the 2019 Pan American Games. Irvin also won gold in the K-4 500 metres at the 2011 Pan American Games.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Bali Haque
Iqbal Manzoor Haque MNZM, commonly known as Bali Haque, is a New Zealand educator. His career has included four principalships, advocacy and support in a range of professional associations, serving as deputy chief executive officer of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA) and as chair of the Independent Taskforce commissioned by the Sixth Labour Government in 2018 to review Tomorrow's Schools. Haque is a frequent commentator on educational issues and his contributions have been described as "characterised by a scholarly analysis and a socially critical disposition". He has published two books and as of 2023 is a member of the New Plymouth District Council.

New Zealand Qualifications Authority
The New Zealand Qualifications Authority (NZQA; Māori: Mana Tohu Mātauranga o Aotearoa) is the New Zealand government Crown entity tasked with administering educational assessment and qualifications. It was established by the Education Act 1989.

NZQA administers the National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA) and the New Zealand Scholarship for secondary school students. It is also responsible for the quality assurance of non-university, tertiary training providers, the New Zealand Register of Quality Assured Qualifications, and the New Zealand Qualifications Framework. It has further roles in evaluating overseas qualifications.

In July 1990 it took over the work of the former Universities Entrance Board, the Ministry of Education's examinations, the Trades Certification Board, and the Authority for Advanced Vocational Awards.

NZQA is funded from the central government and third party revenue, and as of 2022 had an annual budget of approximately $80 million.
Peter Lankhorst
Petrus Antonius "Peter" Lankhorst (born 1 January 1947) is a retired Dutch politician of the GreenLeft (GL) party and political consultant.

Lankhorst served as a Member of the House of Representatives from 10 June 1981 until 17 May 1994, first as a member of the Political Party of Radicals (PPR) and from 1990 as a member of GreenLeft. He became the Parliamentary leader of GreenLeft in the House of Representatives and the Leader of GreenLeft on 21 April 1993 after the resignation of Ria Beckers.

Parliamentary leader
A parliamentary leader is a political title or a descriptive term used in various countries to designate the person leading a parliamentary group or caucus in a legislative body, whether it be a national or sub-national legislature. They are their party's most senior member of parliament (MP) in most parliamentary democracies.

A party leader may be the same person as the parliamentary leader, or the roles may be separated.
Waves at Matsushima
Waves at Matsushima, also named Pine Islands, is a pair of Japanese landscape paintings on two six-fold screens, made by artist Tawaraya Sōtatsu in the 1620s. They were painted with ink, color, gold, and silver on paper. They are symbolic of Sōtatsu's aspirations for the afterlife, and were likely commissioned to celebrate the opening of the Shōunji zen temple in Sakai. They have been associated with the coastline of Matsushima, though they were named in the early 20th century, and likely represent no specific location.

The pair is the only surviving work of the six pairs done by Sōtatsu. They are considered Sōtatsu's masterwork, and an icon of Kyoto's Rinpa school of art. They inspired paintings by Ogata Kōrin and Suzuki Kiitsu of the same name. Kōrin's work, painted in the early 17th century, brought attention to Sōtatsu's version.

Folding screen
A folding screen, also known as pingfeng (Chinese: 屏風; pinyin: píngfēng), is a type of free-standing furniture consisting of several frames or panels, which are often connected by hinges or by other means. They have practical and decorative uses, and can be made in a variety of designs with different kinds of materials. Folding screens originated from ancient China, eventually spreading to the rest of East Asia, and were popular amongst Europeans.
Systat (BSD)
systat is a BSD UNIX console application for displaying system statistics in fullscreen mode using ncurses/curses.  It is available on, and by default ships in the base systems of, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD and DragonFly BSD.  It was first released as part of 4.3BSD in 1986 (1986).

Both internally and in the interface of the user the utility consists of several distinct modules and tabs, referred to as "displays" in FreeBSD, NetBSD and DragonFly, and "views" in OpenBSD, which are automatically refreshed every specified number of seconds.  These modules cover all system components, including statistics resembling vmstat, iostat and netstat in all of the BSDs, as well as pf and sensors views in some of the BSDs.  The systat utility is notably absent from OS X, where a GUI-based Activity Monitor performs similar functions.

Netstat
In computing, netstat is a command-line network utility that displays open network sockets, routing tables, and a number of network interface (network interface controller or software-defined network interface) and network protocol statistics. It is available on Unix, Plan 9, Inferno, and Unix-like operating systems including macOS, Linux, Solaris and BSD. It is also available on IBM OS/2 and on Microsoft Windows NT-based operating systems including Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8 and Windows 10.

It is used for finding problems in the network and to determine the amount of traffic on the network as a performance measurement. On Linux this  program is mostly obsolete, although still included in many distributions.

On Linux, netstat (part of "net-tools") is superseded by ss (part of iproute2). The replacement for netstat -r is ip route, the replacement for netstat -i is ip -s link, and the replacement for netstat -g is ip maddr, all of which are recommended instead.
Alfred Jolly
Alfred-Jules Jolly (20 April 1839 – 8 May 1891) was a French singer and actor. In the first part of his career he featured in operettas in Brussels and later in Paris, creating roles in works by Lecocq, Hervé and Offenbach, among others. From 1884 he switched to the non-musical theatre, based at the Théâtre du Vaudeville, starring in comedies and farces.

Hervé (composer)
Louis-Auguste Florimond Ronger (30 June 1825 – 3 November 1892), who used the pseudonym Hervé (French pronunciation: [ɛʁve]), was a French singer, composer, librettist, conductor and scene painter, whom Ernest Newman, following Reynaldo Hahn, credited with inventing the genre of operetta in Paris.
Mike Wofford
Michael Wofford (February 25, 1938 – September 19, 2025) was an American jazz pianist and composer. He was an accompanist to singers Sarah Vaughan (in 1979) and Ella Fitzgerald (1989–1994). He was known in the jazz community going back to the 1960s for the albums Strawberry Wine and Summer Night. He performed with Shorty Rogers, Bud Shank, Joe Pass, Shelly Manne, Kenny Burrell, and Zoot Sims.

Zoot Sims
John Haley "Zoot" Sims (October 29, 1925 – March 23, 1985) was an American jazz saxophonist, playing mainly tenor but also alto (and, later, soprano) saxophone. He first gained attention in the "Four Brothers" sax section of Woody Herman's big band, afterward enjoying a long solo career, often in partnership with fellow saxmen Gerry Mulligan and Al Cohn.
Torch Lake Township, Houghton County, Michigan
Torch Lake Township is a civil township of Houghton County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population of the township was 1,893. The township was established in 1886 and is one of the largest townships in Houghton County by area. It is surrounded by the Torch Lake, the Portage Lake, and Lake Superior. As well as a large number of unincorporated communities, the township also includes a portion of the Baraga State Forest which lies along the shores of Keweenaw Bay. The township borders Schoolcraft Township to the north, Osceola Township to the northwest, and Chassell Township to the southwest. The community of Hubbell serves as the major population center of the township, as well as hosting the Township Hall itself. The mostly uninhabited 91-acre Rabbit Island, located offshore in Lake Superior, is a part of the township.

Keweenaw Waterway
The Keweenaw Waterway is a partly natural, partly artificial waterway which cuts across the Keweenaw Peninsula of Michigan; it separates Copper Island from the mainland. Parts of the waterway are variously known as the Keweenaw Waterway, Portage Canal, Portage Lake Canal, Portage River, Lily Pond, Torch Lake, and Portage Lake. The waterway connects to Lake Superior at its north and south entries (upper and lower portage entry lighthouses), with sections known as Portage Lake and Torch Lake in between. The primary tributary to Portage Lake is the Sturgeon River.
You and Your Heart So Blue
"You and Your Heart So Blue" is a single by UK pop group Bucks Fizz. Released in June 1985, the song was written by Andy Hill and Peter Sinfield and was produced by Hill. This single was the last to feature member Jay Aston, who quit the group the same month.

Andy Hill (composer)
Andrew Gerard Hill (born 1957) is an English record producer and songwriter who worked with Bucks Fizz and Celine Dion during the 1980s and 1990s.

On many of his compositions he was partnered by lyricist Peter Sinfield, who had formerly worked with King Crimson. He has been nominated for an Ivor Novello Award on seven occasions, and has won the award twice in the category "Best Song Musically and Lyrically" and once for "Songwriter of the Year". He also composed the winning song in the 1981 Eurovision Song Contest.