hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of California, Merced
The University of California, Merced (UC Merced or colloquially, UCM) is a public land-grant research university in Merced County, California, United States. Established in 2005, UC Merced is the tenth and newest campus in the University of California (UC) system. The primary campus is located around 5 miles (8.0 km) north of the city of Merced and sits adjacent to Lake Yosemite. The main campus is around 1,026 acres (415 hectares) in size and is adjacent to large swaths of protected natural grasslands and vernal pools, which have shaped its development, capital planning, and research.

UC Merced offers over 60 undergraduate degrees and 18 graduate and professional degrees and roughly 8,000 undergraduates and 700 graduate students were enrolled at UCM as of fall 2023. In 2025 the university was classified as an R1 Carnegie research institution.

Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education
The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, or simply the Carnegie Classification, is a framework for classifying colleges and universities in the United States. It was created in 1970 by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. It is managed by the American Council on Education.

The framework primarily serves educational and research purposes, where it is often important to identify groups of roughly comparable institutions. The classification generally focuses on types of degrees awarded and related level of activity such as research. The classification includes all accredited, degree-granting colleges and universities in the United States that are represented in the National Center for Education Statistics' Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS).
Ed Graczyk
Edward Graczyk (born 1941): 28 is a playwright originally from Ohio.  He wrote several children's plays early in his career, but became better known as the author of 1976's Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean.  In 1982, Graczyk won the Best Screenplay Award at the Belgium International Film Festival for Robert Altman's motion picture adaptation.

Brussels Independent Film Festival
The Brussels Independent Film Festival, formerly known as Brussels International Independent Film Festival (French: Festival International du Film Indépendant de Bruxelles), has taken place since 1974. It originally focused on Super 8 films, and today is a showcase for many kinds of independent films.

The festival has hosted filmmakers such as Pedro Almodovar, François Ozon, and Nanni Moretti. Its initial incarnation ran for 38 years before funding and resource shortfalls suspended it for a six-year hiatus in 2012, until its revival in 2018.
Farbokht
Farbokht (or Marabokht) served briefly as bishop of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, grand metropolitan and primate of the Church of the East in 421.  He is included in the traditional list of patriarchs of the Church of the East.

Mana of Seleucia-Ctesiphon
Maʿna served briefly as bishop of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, grand metropolitan and primate of the Church of the East in 420.  Like several other early bishops of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, he is included in the traditional list of patriarchs of the Church of the East.
Minnesota Senate, District 64
The 64th district of the Minnesota Senate encompasses the south-western corner of Minnesota's State Capital, and the county seat of Ramsey, Saint Paul.  It has formerly included Mahnomen, Norman, Beltrami, Koochiching, and Lake of the Woods counties.  The district is currently served by Democratic-Farmer-Labor Senator and current Senate Majority leader Erin Murphy.

Erin Murphy (Minnesota politician)
Erin Murphy (born March 13, 1960) is an American politician serving as Majority Leader of the Minnesota Senate since 2024. A member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), she represents District 64, which includes the Highland Park, Macalester-Groveland, Merriam Park, Summit Hill, and St. Anthony Park, neighborhoods of the city of Saint Paul in Ramsey County in the Twin Cities metropolitan area. She is a former Majority Leader of the Minnesota House of Representatives, executive director of the Minnesota Nurses Association, and is also a registered nurse.
Spread Co
Spread Co is a financial spread betting and CFD provider based in the UK. Spread Co's custom-built platform is built and developed in-house for both professional and retail clients to trade financial markets.

Contract for difference
In finance, a contract for difference (CFD) is a financial agreement between two parties, commonly referred to as the "buyer" and the "seller." The contract stipulates that the buyer will pay the seller the difference between the value of an asset at the time the contract was initiated and the current value of the asset. If the asset's price increases from the opening to the closing of the contract, the seller compensates the buyer for the increase, which constitutes the buyer's profit. Conversely, if the asset's price decreases, the buyer compensates the seller, resulting in a profit for the seller.
Craig Ashall
Craig Ashall (born (1985-09-26)26 September 1985) is a former rugby league footballer who played as a stand-off or loose forward. He played for St Helens, Swinton Lions, Rochdale Hornets, Halifax and North Wales Crusaders.

Swinton Lions
The Swinton Lions are a professional rugby league club based in Swinton, Greater Manchester, England, which competes in the RFL Championship. The club has won the Championship six times and three Challenge Cups. Before 1996, the club was known simply as Swinton RLFC.
Ken Read
Kenneth John Read CM (born November 6, 1955) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer from Canada. He was a specialist in the downhill and a two-time Olympian. He won five World Cup races during his ten-year international career, all in downhill.

Read grew up in Vancouver, Kingston, and Calgary, and currently resides in Canmore. He is the father of World Cup alpine racers Erik and Jeffrey Read and well known freeski athlete Kevyn Read.

Downhill (ski competition)
Downhill is a form of alpine skiing competition. Whereas the other alpine skiing events (slalom, giant slalom, super giant slalom, and combined) emphasize turning and technique, downhill emphasizes "the six components of technique, courage, speed, risk, physical condition and judgement", according to the FIS "International Ski Competition Rules (ICR)". Speeds of up to 130 km/h (81 mph) are common in international competition. Athletes must have an aerodynamically efficient tuck position to minimize drag and increase speed.

The term, "downhill skiing", is also used as a synonym for alpine skiing as a recreational activity.
Thomas Alexander Harris
Thomas Alexander Harris (1826 – April 9, 1895) was a United States Army officer at the end of the Mexican–American War and a Missouri State Guard (Confederate) brigadier general during the early months of the American Civil War (Civil War). He then became a prominent Confederate politician, serving in the First Confederate Congress from 1861 to 1864. Among other occupations, he was a Missouri State Representative before the Civil War and a Kentucky State Representative in 1885–1886.

Missouri House of Representatives
The Missouri House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the Missouri General Assembly, the upper chamber being the Missouri Senate. It has 163 members, representing districts with an average size of 37,000 residents. House members are elected for two-year terms during general elections held in even-numbered years.

Missouri's house is the fourth largest in the United States even as the state ranks 18th in population. The only states with a larger lower house in the United States are New Hampshire (400), Pennsylvania (203), and Georgia (180). Republicans have controlled the State House since 2003.

The next election will be held in 2026.
JW Marriott Chennai
JW Marriott Chennai was a five-star luxury hotel under construction in Chennai, India. The 357-room hotel, being built at MRC Nagar on the seafront of Chennai facing the Bay of Bengal near the Adyar estuary, is being developed at a cost of ₹ 6,200 million and forms part of Marriott International Inc. Initially planned to open in 2005, the project was delayed due to lack of funds and regulatory issues.

Marriott International
Marriott International, Inc. is an American multinational company that operates, franchises, and licenses lodging brands that include hotel, residential, and timeshare properties. The company owns over 37 hotel and timeshare brands, with 9,000 locations and 1,597,380 rooms across its network (as of 2023). Headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland, the company is the successor to the hospitality division of the Marriott Corporation, which was founded by J. Willard Marriott (1900–1985) and his wife Alice Marriott (1907–2000).
In Session (New Order album)
In Session is a compilation album of two BBC Radio 1 sessions by the English band New Order, released in 2004. The first five tracks were recorded in 1998 for the John Peel radio show. These songs mark the group's third John Peel session. Tracks 6 to 9 were recorded for the BBC Radio 1 Evening Session in 2001. "Transmission" is a video recorded in 2002 for John Peel's 40th anniversary party.

The session tracks were produced by Miti Adhikari. The artwork was designed by the group's longtime collaborator Peter Saville with photography by Jon Wozencroft.

Peter Saville (graphic designer)
Peter Andrew Saville CBE RDI (born 9 October 1955) is an English art director and graphic designer. He designed many record sleeves for Factory Records, which he co-founded in 1978 alongside Tony Wilson and Alan Erasmus.
Probabilistic soft logic
Probabilistic Soft Logic (PSL) is a  statistical relational learning (SRL) framework for modeling probabilistic and relational domains.

It is applicable to a variety of machine learning problems, such as collective classification,  entity resolution, link prediction, and ontology alignment.
PSL combines two tools: first-order logic, with its ability to succinctly represent complex phenomena, and  probabilistic graphical models, which capture the uncertainty and incompleteness inherent in real-world knowledge.
More specifically, PSL uses  "soft" logic as its logical component and Markov random fields as its statistical model.
PSL provides sophisticated inference techniques for finding the most likely answer (i.e. the maximum a posteriori (MAP) state).
The "softening" of the logical formulas makes inference a polynomial time operation rather than an  NP-hard operation.

Record linkage
Record linkage (also known as data matching,  data linkage, entity resolution, and many other terms) is the task of finding records in a data set that refer to the same entity across different data sources (e.g., data files, books, websites, and databases). Record linkage is necessary when joining different data sets based on entities that may or may not share a common identifier (e.g., database key, URI, National identification number), which may be due to differences in record shape, storage location, or curator style or preference. A data set that has undergone RL-oriented reconciliation may be referred to as being cross-linked.
Action Heroine Cheer Fruits
Action Heroine Cheer Fruits (Japanese: アクションヒロイン チアフルーツ, Hepburn: Akushon Hiroin Chia Furūtsu) is a Japanese anime television series produced by Diomedéa and directed by Keizō Kusakawa. The series aired in Japan between July 7 and September 29, 2017, and is licensed in North America by Sentai Filmworks. A manga adaptation by Azuse was serialized in Young Champion Retsu in 2017.

Diomedéa
Diomedéa, Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社ディオメディア, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Diomedia), previously known as Studio Barcelona (Japanese: 有限会社スタジオバルセロナ, Hepburn: Yūgen gaisha Sutajio Baruserona), is a Japanese animation studio located in Nerima, Tokyo, Japan. The company was founded on November 28, 2007, following an earlier foundation of its predecessor Studio Barcelona on October 5, 2005.
Traditionis custodes
Traditionis custodes (Guardians of the Tradition) is an apostolic letter issued motu proprio by Pope Francis, promulgated on 16 July 2021 regarding the continued use of pre-Vatican II rites. It restricts the celebration of the Tridentine Mass of the Roman Rite, sometimes colloquially called the "Latin Mass" or the "Traditional Latin Mass". The apostolic letter was accompanied by an ecclesiastical letter to the Catholic bishops of the world.

The Congregation for Divine Worship has stated in an official instruction (responsa) that the Latin version of Traditionis custodes "is the official text to be referenced".

Responsa
Responsa (plural of Latin responsum, 'answer') comprise a body of written decisions and rulings given by legal scholars in response to questions addressed to them. In the modern era, the term is used to describe decisions and rulings made by scholars in historic religious law.
William C. Butler
Captain William Charles Butler (17 January 1844 – 6 December 1914) played football for England against a Scottish XI in two unofficial internationals in 1870 and 1871. He subsequently became a J.P. and Registrar in Cumberland.

England v Scotland representative football matches (1870–1872)
Between 1870 and 1872, the Football Association (FA) organised five representative association football matches between teams representing England and Scotland, all held in London. The first of these matches was held at The Oval on 5 March 1870, and the fifth was on 21 February 1872. The matches, which were organised by Charles W. Alcock, are the precursors to modern international football and were referred to as internationals at the time. They are not recognised, however, as full internationals by FIFA as the players competing in the Scotland team were drawn only from London-based Scottish players. They were followed by the 1872 match in Glasgow between Scotland and England which is recognised as the first international match.
Hidden Runaway
Hidden Runaway is a 2012 hidden object game developed by the Spanish company Pendulo Studios and published by BulkyPix. It follows protagonists Brian Basco and Gina Timmins as they retell events from Runaway: A Road Adventure (2001) to a film producer interested in their life story. Along the way, the player plays minigames and searches for objects hidden in the game's environments. Hidden Runaway marked a departure for Pendulo, as it was the company's first casual game and first project outside the graphic adventure game genre.

Hidden Runaway was developed during a difficult economic period for Pendulo, and the game was itself a commercial failure. It remained Pendulo's worst-selling title by 2016 and contributed to a financial decline at the company. Critical reviews for Hidden Runaway were "mixed or average", according to Metacritic. Following Hidden Runaway, Pendulo stopped releasing original games for several years, until it returned with Yesterday Origins in 2016.

Minigame
A minigame (also spelled mini game and mini-game, sometimes called a subgame or microgame) is a short game often contained within another video game. A minigame contains different gameplay elements  and is often smaller or more simplistic than the game in which it is contained.

Some video games consist entirely of minigames which tie into an overall theme, such as Olympic Decathlon (1980). Minigames can also be used to represent a specific experience, such as hacking and lock picking, both of which are found in Bethesda games, or scanning an area, that ties into a larger game.
Dampatyam
Dampatyam (transl. Married Life) is a 1985 Telugu-language drama film, produced by R. V. Krishna Rao under the Anuradha Art Combines banner and directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy. It stars Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Jayasudha  and music composed by Chakravarthy. The film was remade in the Tamil as Thambathyam (1987).

K. Chakravarthy
K. Chakravarthy (born Kommineni Appa Rao; 8 September 1936 – 3 February 2002) was an Indian music director and actor who primarily worked in Telugu cinema. He made his debut in 1971 with Mooga Prema and went on compose music for over 1000 films, predominantly in Telugu language (884 films), followed by Kannada (60 films). He won two Nandi Awards.
Sisyracera
Sisyracera is a genus of snout moths in the subfamily Spilomelinae of the family Crambidae. It was described in 1890 by Heinrich Benno Möschler with Leucinodes preciosalis as type species, now considered a synonym of Sisyracera subulalis. The genus has been placed in the tribe Udeini.

DNA barcode data for two species of Sisyracera are stored in the Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD), although only sequences for S. subulalis from specimens collected at the Area de Conservación Guanacaste in Costa Rica are publicly accessible.

Sisyracera subulalis
Sisyracera subulalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Achille Guenée in 1854. It is found on the West Indies (including Jamaica and Cuba) and from Florida and Texas, through Mexico, Honduras and Costa Rica to Ecuador, Suriname and Brazil.

The wingspan is about 17–20 mm. Adults are on wing from September to November in the United States.
Nvidia Titan
Nvidia Titan is a series of video cards developed by Nvidia including:

GTX Titan, released in 2013

GTX Titan Black, released in February 2014

GTX Titan Z, released in March 2014

GTX Titan X, released in March 2015

Titan X (2016), released in 2016

Titan Xp, released in April 2017

Titan V, released in December 2017

Titan RTX, released in 2018

GeForce 10 series
The GeForce 10 series is a series of graphics processing units (GPUs) developed by Nvidia, initially based on the Pascal microarchitecture announced in March 2014. It succeeds the GeForce 900 series, and was released in May 2016.
Anton Ferdinand Mittrowsky
Anton Ferdinand Freiherr Mittrowsky von Mittrowitz und Nemyšl, or Anton Mittrowsky, (1745 – 30 September 1809) was promoted to general officer in the spring of 1796, just in time to lead a brigade against Napoleon Bonaparte during the Italian campaign of 1796–1797 in the War of the First Coalition. He served as a regimental commander in 1792–1796, leading his unit at Neerwinden, Famars, and Le Quesnoy in 1793. In the following year, he led the regiment at Landrecies, Beaumont, Courtrai, and Fleurus. In 1796, he led a brigade at Castiglione and 2nd Bassano, and played a pivotal role at Arcole, nearly defeating Bonaparte. In 1799, he commanded troops at Verona, Magnano, Novi, and Genola. During the Napoleonic Wars he led forces at Caldiero in 1805. He became the Proprietor (Inhaber) of an Austrian infantry regiment from 1806 until his death three years later.

Battle of Magnano
In the Battle of Magnano on 5 April 1799, an Austrian army commanded by Pál Kray defeated a French army led by Barthélemy Schérer. In subsequent battles, the Austrians and their Russian allies drove the French out of nearly all of Italy. This action was fought during the War of the Second Coalition, part of the French Revolutionary Wars.
Suwayda Military Council
The Suwayda Military Council, or Sweida Military Council (SMC), is an armed coalition established in December 2024 in the Druze-majority Suwayda Governorate in southern Syria. Originally formed as the Interim Military Council following the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime in December 2024, the organization emerged in response to growing security concerns after the withdrawal of the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) from the region. The group's stated objectives include the advancement of secularism, democracy, and decentralization, protection of civilians and public property from lawlessness, conflict, and to prevent forces under the Syrian Army of Ahmed al-Sharaa's governance from entering Druze settlements and causing harm. Despite using symbols similar to the Syrian Democratic Forces, it is not related, and is composed of armed factions.

Decentralization
Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those related to planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group and given to smaller factions within it.

Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, technology, economics and money.
Filipo Tirado
Filipo Tirado (born September 20, 1949) is a Puerto Rican puppeteer.

Filipo's birth name was Carlos Filipo Tirado Perea.

Filipo Tirado participated in T.V. shows in Puerto Rico, among them "Ay Bendito", "Que Pueblito", directed by Elin Ortiz, "La Hora de Oro" with Hector Marcano, puppeteering two magpies at the same time, called Kilate & Pirita, among others.  He also participated in children's shows with Luis Antonio Cosme and Sandra Zaiter.

After almost three decades of working in different shows in Puerto Rico, Filipo headed to Miami, Florida where he was contracted by Univision.  There he created his character of "Pepe Locuaz."  After his contract was up, Filipo and his "Pepe Locuaz" character went to work for Telemundo.

Puppeteer
A puppeteer is a person who manipulates an inanimate object called a puppet to create the illusion that the puppet is alive. The puppet is often shaped like a human, animal, or legendary creature. The puppeteer may be visible to or hidden from the audience.
Fredric Holen Bjørdal
Fredric Holen Bjørdal (born 9 March 1990) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. He was elected to the Parliament of Norway from Møre og Romsdal in 2013.

Bjørdal is born and grew up in Ørsta. He has worked at health and care institutions and has studies administration at Volda University College and psychology at University of Oslo.

He was elected to the municipal council in Ørsta Municipality in 2007 and reelected in 2011. He left when being elected  He chaired the Møre og Romsdal Workers' Youth League from 2009 to 2010 and was a member of the central committee of Workers' Youth League from 2010 to 2012.

Bjørdal is a survivor of the 2011 Utøya massacre.

Ørsta Municipality
Ørstaⓘ is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Sunnmøre region of Western Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Ørsta. Other villages in the municipality include Barstadvik, Flåskjer, Follestaddalen, Hovdebygda, Liadal, Nordre Vartdal,  Store-Standal, Sæbø, Trandal, Urke, Vartdal, Ytre-Standal, Åmdalen, and Årset.

The 662-square-kilometre (256 sq mi) municipality is the 171st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Ørsta Municipality is the 106th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 10,958. The municipality's population density is 16.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (43/sq mi) and its population has increased by 4% over the previous 10-year period.
Daisuke Usami
Daisuke Usami (宇佐美 大輔, Usami Daisuke; born March 29, 1979) is a retired Japanese volleyball player. He played as a setter and was one of the key players in the Japan men's national volleyball team in the 2000s. Usami was named Most Spectacular Player at the 2003 FIVB World Cup, where Japan ended in ninth place.

2003 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Cup
The 2003 FIVB Men's World Cup was held from 16 to 29 November 2003 in Japan. Twelve men's national teams played in cities all over Japan for the right to a fast lane ticket into the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.

Teams were made up as follows: hosts Japan, continental champions and vice-champions from Europe, Asia, NORCECA and South America, continental champion from Africa plus two wild-card teams nominated jointly by FIVB and the Japan Volleyball Association. Teams played a single-round robin format (66 games overall), in two parallel groups (site A and site B). The men played in Tokyo, Hiroshima, Fukuoka, Nagano, Hamamatsu, and Okayama.