hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ratcliffe Stadium
Ratcliffe Stadium is a collegiate athletic venue in the western United States, located on the campus of Fresno City College in Fresno, California.

Opened in October 9, 1926, it was renamed in 1941 after their first football coach, Emory Ratcliffe. The stadium hosted the Raisin Bowl (1946–1949) and was home to the Fresno State Bulldogs football team through 1979; they moved to their on-campus Bulldog Stadium in 1980.

Ratcliffe also hosted the West Coast Relays, a major track and field competition. Today, local high school football games and various track and field events are still held there. The stadium has a seating capacity of 13,000, and it is located at 1101 E. University Avenue, along Blackstone Avenue.

The football field has a conventional north-south alignment, at an elevation of 300 feet (90 m) above sea level.

1979 Fresno State Bulldogs football team
The 1979 Fresno State Bulldogs football team represented California State University, Fresno as a member of the Pacific Coast Athletic Association (PCAA) during the 1979 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by Bob Padilla in his second and final season as head coach, Fresno State compiled an overall record of 4–7 with a mark of 2–3 in conference play, placing fourth in the PCAA. While Fresno State lost to San Jose State, the game was subsequently forfeited by the Spartans due to the use of an ineligible player. As a result, Fresno State's record was adjusted to 5–6 overall and 3–2 in conference play, moving them into a tie for second place in the PCAA.

The Bulldogs played their home games at Ratcliffe Stadium on the campus of Fresno City College in Fresno, California.
Miss Universe Philippines 2021
Miss Universe Philippines 2021 was the second Miss Universe Philippines pageant, held at the Henann Resort Convention Center in Alona Beach, Panglao, Bohol, on September 30, 2021. Originally scheduled to be held on September 25, 2021, the event was postponed to September 30, 2021 due to the sudden surge of COVID-19 cases in the Philippines.

Rabiya Mateo of Iloilo City crowned Beatrice Gomez of Cebu City as Miss Universe Philippines 2021 at the end of the event. Gomez eventually represented the Philippines at the Miss Universe 2021 pageant in Eilat, Israel, in December 2021 and finished as a finalist.

Contestants from twenty-eight localities competed in this edition. The pageant was hosted by KC Montero. Filipino singers Sam Concepcion and Michael Pangilinan performed as musical guests.

Miss Universe Philippines
Miss Universe Philippines is an annual national beauty pageant run by the organization of the same name under Empire Philippines. The pageant selects the official representative to Miss Universe—one of the Big Four beauty pageants. Through its sister organization, The Miss Philippines, the pageant also names competitors to several minor beauty pageants.

The reigning Miss Universe Philippines is Ahtisa Manalo of Quezon, who was crowned on May 2, 2025, in Pasay, Philippines.
Condit Hydroelectric Project
Condit Hydroelectric Project was a development on the White Salmon River in the U.S. state of Washington. It was completed in 1913 to provide electrical power for local industry, and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places as an engineering and architecture landmark.

PacifiCorp decommissioned the project due to rising environmental costs, and the dam was intentionally breached on October 26, 2011. Condit Dam was the largest dam ever removed in the United States until the Elwha Ecosystem Restoration Project on the Olympic Peninsula removed the larger Elwha Dam and Glines Canyon Dam.

Elwha Dam
The Elwha Dam was a 108-ft (33 m) high dam located in the United States, in the state of Washington, on the Elwha River approximately 4.9 miles (7.9 km) upstream from the mouth of the river on the Strait of Juan de Fuca.

The Elwha River Ecosystem and Fisheries Restoration Act of 1992 authorized the US Federal Government to acquire the Elwha Dam and Glines Canyon Dam hydroelectric power projects for decommissioning and demolition for habitat restoration. Removal of the Elwha Dam began in September 2011 and was fully complete by March 2012, allowing the Elwha River to flow freely through the site.
Steak
A steak is a cut of meat sliced across muscle fibers, sometimes including a bone. It is normally grilled or fried, and can be diced or cooked in sauce.

Steaks are most commonly cut from cattle (beefsteak), but can also be cut from bison, buffalo, camel, goat, horse, kangaroo, sheep, ostrich, pigs, turkey, and deer, as well as various types of fish, especially salmon and large fish such as swordfish, shark, and marlin. Some cured meat, such as gammon, is commonly served as steak. Some cuts are categorized as steaks not because they are cut across the muscle fibers, but because they are relatively thin and cooked over a grill, such as skirt steak and flank steak.

Grilled portobello mushroom may be called mushroom steak, and similarly for other vegetarian dishes. Imitation steak is a food product that is formed into a steak shape from various pieces of meat. Grilled fruits such as watermelon have been used as vegetarian steak alternatives.

Beefsteak
A beefsteak, often called just steak, is a flat cut of beef with parallel faces, usually cut perpendicular to the muscle fibers. In common restaurant service a single serving has a raw mass ranging from 120 to 600 grams (4 to 21 oz). Beef steaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled. The more tender cuts from the loin and rib are cooked quickly, using dry heat, and served whole. Less tender cuts from the chuck or round are cooked with moist heat or are mechanically tenderized (as with, for example, cube steak).
Rangpur, Khushab
Rangpur is a town and one of the 51 union councils (administrative subdivisions) of Khushab District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. The Union Council is part of the Noorpur Thal Tehsil. It is situated on Kaloorkot road to the southwest of Khushab city.  The seepage of water from the Chashma link canal has spoiler cultivable land. Rangpur is the second biggest town in Noorpur Thal Tehsil after Noorpur Thal City.

Noorpur Thal
Noorpur Thal Tehsil  (Punjabi : تحصیل نُور پُور تھل) is a Tehsil (an administrative subdivision) of Khushab District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city of Noorpur Thal is the headquarters of the tehsil which is administratively subdivided into 10 Union Councils. It comprises a part of the Thal desert.

The majority religion is Islam, and Punjabi is the native language of 94.6% of the population.
2018 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team
The 2018 Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team represented Louisiana Tech University in the 2018 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Bulldogs played their home games at the Joe Aillet Stadium in Ruston, Louisiana and competed in the West Division of Conference USA (C-USA). They were led by sixth-year head coach Skip Holtz. They finished the season 8–5, 5–3 in C-USA play to finish in a three-way tie for second place in the West Division. They were invited to the Hawaii Bowl where they defeated Hawaii.

2018 Hawaii Bowl
The 2018 Hawaii Bowl was a college football bowl game being played on December 22, 2018, in Honolulu, Hawaii. It was the 17th edition of the Hawaii Bowl, and one of the 2018–19 bowl games concluding the 2018 FBS football season. This was the first time since 2007 that the bowl was not played on Christmas Eve. Sponsored by the SoFi personal finance company, the game was officially called the SoFi Hawaii Bowl.
1973 Miami Redskins football team
The 1973 Miami Redskins football team was an American football team that represented Miami University during the 1973 NCAA Division I football season. In their fifth and final season under head coach Bill Mallory, the Redskins won the Mid-American Conference (MAC) championship, compiled an 11–0 record (5–0 in MAC), outscored its opponents 223 to 76, and defeated Florida 16–7 in the Tangerine Bowl.

The team's statistical leaders included quarterback Steve Sanna with 927 passing yards, Bob Hitchens with 591 rushing yards, and John Wiggins with 414 receiving yards.

In January 1974, Mallory left for the University of Colorado of the Big Eight Conference.

1973 Tangerine Bowl
The 1973 Tangerine Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game that featured the Florida Gators and the Miami Redskins (located in Oxford, Ohio and now nicknamed the RedHawks). Played in Gainesville, Florida, this game is the only time that the Tangerine Bowl (now the Citrus Bowl) was not played in Orlando.
2023 New Zealand NBL season
The 2023 NBL season was the 42nd season of the National Basketball League. For the third year in a row, the league fielded 10 teams.

The regular season commenced on 6 April in Pukekohe, with the Franklin Bulls hosting the Hawke's Bay Hawks at Franklin Pool and Leisure Centre, and contained 15 weeks followed by a four-day finals schedule in July.

Jeremy Kendle
Jeremy Paul Kendle (born March 15, 1988) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Southern Districts Spartans of the NBL1 North. He played three seasons of college basketball for Bellarmine University, becoming the only player in school history to be named to the NABC All-America Team two years in a row. He was also a key member of the Bellarmine Knights' 2011 championship-winning team, helping the school claim their first NCAA Division II National Championship.

Kendle moved to Australia in 2015 and earned the QBL Most Valuable Player award as a member of the Toowoomba Mountaineers. The following year, he joined the Bendigo Braves and helped them win the SEABL championship. He was also named league MVP and grand final MVP. He went on to have multiple stints in the Australian National Basketball League (NBL) and in 2020 he coached the South West Metro Pirates in the Queensland State League (QSL). In 2021, he was named NBL1 North MVP.
1964 Utah Utes football team
The 1964 Utah Utes football team, or also commonly known as the Utah Redskins, was an American football team that represented the University of Utah as a member of the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) during the 1964 NCAA University Division football season. In their seventh season under head coach Ray Nagel, the Utes compiled an overall record of 9–2 with a mark of 3–1 against conference opponents, sharing the WAC title with Arizona and New Mexico. Led by quarterback Pokey Allen, running back Ron Coleman, and receiver Roy Jefferson, Utah defeated West Virginia 32–6 in the Liberty Bowl, played indoors in at the Atlantic City Convention Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Home games were played on campus at Ute Stadium in Salt Lake City.

1964 West Virginia Mountaineers football team
The 1964 West Virginia Mountaineers football team represented West Virginia University as a member of the Southern Conference (SoCon) during the 1964 NCAA University Division football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Gene Corum, the Mountaineers compiled an overall record of 7–4 with a mark of 5–0 in conference play, winning the SoCon title. West Virginia was invited to the Liberty Bowl, where the Mountaineers lost to Utah, 32–6.
Tunica vaginalis
The tunica vaginalis is a pouch of serous membrane within the scrotum that lines the testis and epididymis (visceral layer of tunica vaginalis), and the inner surface of the scrotum (parietal layer of tunica vaginalis). It is the outermost of the three layers that constitute the capsule of the testis, with the tunica albuginea of testis situated beneath it.

It is the remnant of a pouch of peritoneum which is pulled into the scrotum by the testis as it descends out of the abdominal cavity during foetal development.

Testicle
A testicle, also called testis (pl. testes) is the male gonad in all gonochoric animals, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary, which is the female gonad.  Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone.

The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Sperm production is controlled by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland and by testosterone produced within the gonads.
National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics
The National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) is one of the thirteen principal statistical agencies of the United States and is tasked with providing objective data on the status of the science and engineering enterprise in the U.S. and other countries. NCSES sponsors or co-sponsors data collection on 15 surveys and produces two key publications: Science and Engineering Indicators, and Women, Minorities, and Persons with Disabilities in Science and Engineering. Though policy-neutral, the data and reports produced by NCSES are used by policymakers when making policy decisions regarding STEM education and research funding in the U.S.

Federal statistical system
In the United States, the federal statistical system (FSS) refers to a decentralized network of federal agencies which produce data and official statistics about the people, economy, natural resources, and infrastructure of the country. It is led by the chief statistician of the United States (CSOTUS) and the Interagency Council on Statistical Policy and is composed of 13 principal statistical agencies and 3 recognized statistical units, 24 Statistical Officials (across 24 major cabinet agencies), approximately 100 additional federal statistical programs engaged in statistical activities, and several cross system interagency and advisory bodies.
Louisiana Highway 99
Louisiana Highway 99 (LA 99) is a state highway located in southwestern Louisiana.  It runs 32.44 miles (52.21 km) in a north–south direction from LA 14 west of Lake Arthur to U.S. Highway 190 (US 190) east of Kinder.

The highway bisects the sparsely populated Jefferson Davis Parish as it zigzags along rural section line roads.  Roughly halfway along its route, LA 99 passes through the town of Welsh and an interchange with Interstate 10 (I-10), the region's main east–west highway.  It also intersects US 90, an older parallel corridor that now acts largely as a business route in the area.

U.S. Route 190
U.S. Route 190 (US 190) is an east–west United States Highway in Louisiana and Texas. Segments of US 190 will be upgraded to Interstate 14 (I-14); the first 24.8-mile (39.9 km) segment was opened on January 26, 2017.
Battle of Meijel
The Battle of Meijel, also known as the Battle of the Canals, was a German operational offensive that took place during the fighting on the Western Front in World War II. It took place between 27 October and 8 November 1944, as OB West (German high command) hoped that it would divert allied pressure on the offensive into North Brabant.

On 27 October, two divisions of the German XLVII Panzer Corps attempted a surprise offensive to cut the narrow Allied corridor created during Operation Market Garden, in the Peel Marshes along the line north from Nederweert, south to Meijel and Liessel. ON the first day they successfully drove a wedge into elements of the US 7th Armored Division. Within a few days however the attack was contained by recently reinforced British VII Corps which arrived to stem the German advance, and were gradually pushed back.

Operation Pheasant
Operation Pheasant, also known as the Liberation of North Brabant, was a major operation to clear German troops from the province of North Brabant in the Netherlands during the fighting on the Western Front in the Second World War. This offensive was conceived as a result of the failure of Operation Market Garden and the allied effort to capture the important port of Antwerp. It was conducted by the allied 21st Army Group between 20 October to 4 November 1944.

After overcoming some German resistance, this operation liberated the cities of Tilburg, 's-Hertogenbosch, Roosendaal, Bergen op Zoom, Willemstad and Breda. As a result, the offensive cleared much of Brabant; the German positions which had defended the region along its canals and rivers were broken.
Paracollema
Paracollema is a small genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Collemataceae. It comprises two species of jelly lichens, characterised by their small size, gelatinous nature when wet, and distinctive reproductive structures. The genus was proposed in 2013 and later validated in 2017. Paracollema lichens form small, leafy thalli up to 1 cm in diameter, with dark olive green to brownish colouration. They are distinguished from related genera by their very small asci and spores. Both known species are primarily epiphytic and have a limited distribution in southern Europe and northern Africa, typically found in Mediterranean or semi-arid climates.

Collema
Collema (jelly lichen) is a genus of lichens in the family Collemataceae. The photobiont is the cyanobacterium genus Nostoc. Species in this genus typically grow on nutrient-rich bark or somewhat siliceous or calcareous rocks in humid environments.
Archbishop of Cashel
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The Archbishop of Cashel (Irish: Ard-Easpag Chaiseal Mumhan) was an archiepiscopal title which took its name after the town of Cashel, County Tipperary in Ireland. Following the Reformation, there had been parallel apostolic successions to the title: one in the Catholic Church and the other in the Church of Ireland. The archbishop of each denomination also held the title of Bishop of Emly. In the Catholic Church, it was superseded by the role of Archbishop of Cashel and Emly when the two dioceses were united in 2015 and in the Church of Ireland the title was downgraded to a bishopric in 1838.

Bishop of Emly
The Bishop of Emly (Irish: Imleach Iubhair; Latin: Imilicensis) was a separate episcopal title which took its name after the village of Emly in County Tipperary, Ireland. In both the Catholic Church and the Church of Ireland, it has been united with other sees.
John (Desireless song)
"John" is a synthpop song recorded by French singer Desireless. It was the second single from the album François on which it is the tenth track. Following the huge success of "Voyage Voyage", it was released in May 1988. Written and produced by Jean-Michel Rivat, the song was Desireless' last hit single in France.

Voyage, voyage
"Voyage, voyage" (French pronunciation: [vwajaʒ vwajaʒ]) is a song by French singer Desireless, first released as a single in 1986, later included on her 1989 debut album, François (1989). The lyrics were written by Jean-Michel Rivat on 11 October 1985 (according to SACEM) and the music by Dominique Dubois was composed around 1986, and the song was produced by the former. Sung entirely in French, the song transcended the language barrier on the music charts and became an international success between 1986 and 1988, reaching the top position in more than ten countries across Europe.
2024 Southern Utah Thunderbirds football team
The 2024 Southern Utah Thunderbirds football team represented Southern Utah University as a member of the United Athletic Conference (UAC) during the 2024 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Thunderbirds were coached by third-year head coach DeLane Fitzgerald and played at Eccles Coliseum in Cedar City, Utah.

DeLane Fitzgerald
DeLane Fitzgerald (born September 21, 1976) is an American football coach and former player. He is the head football coach at Southern Utah University, a position he has held since 2022.  Fitzgerald served as the head football coach at Frostburg State University from 2014 to 2021 and at Southern Virginia University from 2009 to 2013.  He played college football at James Madison University from 1997 to 1999.
Diachlorus
Diachlorus is a genus of biting horseflies of the family Tabanidae. D. ferrugatus ranges from the southeastern United States to Costa Rica. There are 27 species with a neotropical distribution, with the greatest diversity in Brazil, while 3 are found in Central America.

Diachlorus ferrugatus
Diachlorus ferrugatus, commonly known as the yellow fly or yellow fly of the dismal swamp in the United States or doctor fly in Belize,  is a species of highly aggressive biting horse-fly of the family Tabanidae native to North and Central America to Costa Rica.
1987 NBL season
The 1987 NBL season was the ninth season of competition since its establishment in 1979. A total of 14 teams contested the league. Three of the Melbourne-based clubs rebranded themselves in the off season, with the Nundawading Spectres renaming themselves to Eastside Spectres, Coburg Giants became North Melbourne Giants and the St. Kilda Saints became Westside Saints.

Brisbane Bullets
The Brisbane Bullets are an Australian professional men's basketball team in the National Basketball League (NBL) based in Brisbane, Queensland. They competed from 1979 to 2008, and returned to the league in 2016. Brisbane were one of ten NBL foundation teams and have won three NBL championships, being successful in the 1985 and 1987 seasons, and again in 2007. They have also competed in the 1984, 1986 and 1990 grand finals and have reached the playoffs 22 times.

On 30 June 2008, it was announced that the Bullets license had been returned to the NBL, following financial difficulties for owner Eddy Groves and the failure of attempts to find a new ownership group.

For the 2014–15 season, the NBL hoped for the return of a Brisbane-based franchise, bringing up the possibility of a Bullets resurrection. These hopes finally came to fruition on 17 September 2015, with the Bullets being revived for a return to the NBL in 2016–17.
2012–13 QMJHL season
The 2012–13 QMJHL season was the 44th season of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). The regular season consisted of eighteen teams playing 68 games each, began on September 20, 2012, and ended on March 17, 2013. This was the Sherbrooke Phoenix's first season in the league.

Konrad Abeltshauser
Konrad Abeltshauser (born 2 September 1992) is a German professional ice hockey defenceman for EHC Red Bull München of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). Abeltshauser was selected by the San Jose Sharks in the 6th round (163rd overall) of the 2010 NHL Entry Draft.
Ben Archibald
Ben Archibald (born August 26, 1978) is an American former professional football offensive tackle. He was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent in 2003. He played college football at Brigham Young.

Archibald also played for the Amsterdam Admirals, New Orleans Saints and Calgary Stampeders. He won the Grey Cup with the Stamps in 2008 and with BC Lions in 2011.

In 2010, Archibald won the CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award.

2010 CFL season
The 2010 CFL season is the 57th season of modern-day Canadian football.  Officially, it is the 53rd Canadian Football League season. Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton hosted the 98th Grey Cup on November 28 when the Montreal Alouettes became the first team to repeat as Grey Cup Champions in 13 years, defeating the Saskatchewan Roughriders, 21–18.  The league announced on its Twitter page on January 29, 2010, that the season would start on July 1, 2010. As of 2024 this is the most recent CFL regular season to start in July.
Siege of Jinju (1592)
The first siege of Jinju was one of the major land battles during the Imjin War – the first occurred during the fall of 1592, and the second one in spring of 1593. The siege ended in a Korean victory and prevented the Japanese advance into Southwestern Korea. It was followed up by the second siege of Jinju the next year.

Siege of Jinju (1593)
The second siege of Jinju was a battle fought on 1593 at Jinju Fortress during the Imjin War. It occurred from 20 July to 27 July and ended in the massacre of the entire garrison and a substantial portion of the population. The Second Battle of Jinju became the origin of the Uwajima Ushi-oni Festival in Uwajima, Ehime Prefecture, Japan.