hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Toynbee
Toynbee is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Toynbee (1852–1883), British economic historian

Arnold Joseph Toynbee (1889–1975), British historian

Geoffrey Toynbee (1885–1914), English cricketer

Henry Toynbee (1819–1909), British merchant sailor and meteorologist

Jocelyn Toynbee (1897–1985), British archaeologist and art historian

Joseph Toynbee (1815–1866), British physician, pioneer of otolaryngology

Matthew Toynbee (born 1956), New Zealand cricketer

Paget Toynbee (1855–1932), British Dante scholar

Philip Toynbee (1916–1981), British writer

Polly Toynbee (born 1946), British journalist and writer

Arnold J. Toynbee
Arnold Joseph Toynbee CH FBA (/ˈtɔɪnbi/; 14 April 1889 – 22 October 1975) was an English historian, a philosopher of history, an author of numerous books and a research professor of international history at the London School of Economics and King's College London. From 1918 to 1950, Toynbee was considered a leading specialist on international affairs; from 1929 to 1956 he was the Director of Studies at Chatham House, in which position he also produced 34 volumes of the Survey of International Affairs, a "bible" for international specialists in Britain.

He is best known for his 12-volume A Study of History (1934–1961). With his prodigious output of papers, articles, speeches and presentations, and numerous books translated into many languages, Toynbee was widely read and discussed in the 1940s and 1950s.
Thomas H. Smith (pilot boat)
The Thomas H. Smith, or T. H. Smith, was a 19th-century Sandy Hook pilot boat built for the New York pilots around 1820. She helped transport maritime pilots between inbound or outbound ships coming into the New York Harbor. In 1840, she was one of only eight pilot boats in the New York fleet. In 1857, she went ashore and sank six miles from Barnegat.

Barnegat Light, New Jersey
Barnegat Light (pronounced "BAR-nuh-git") is a borough in Ocean County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 640, an increase of 66 (+11.5%) from the 2010 census count of 574, which in turn reflected a decline of 190 (−24.9%) from the 764 counted in the 2000 census. The borough borders the Atlantic Ocean on Long Beach Island and is home to Barnegat Lighthouse.

Barnegat Light was formed as a borough by the New Jersey Legislature on November 2, 1948, to replace Barnegat City borough, which in turn had been created on March 29, 1904, from portions of Long Beach Township.
South Yorkshire County Council
The South Yorkshire County Council (SYCC) — also known as South Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council — was the top-tier local government authority for the metropolitan county of South Yorkshire from 1 April 1974 to 31 March 1986. A strategic authority, with responsibilities for roads, public transport, planning, emergency services and waste disposal, it was composed of 100 directly elected members drawn from the four metropolitan boroughs of South Yorkshire: Barnsley, Doncaster, Rotherham and Sheffield.

Metropolitan borough
A metropolitan borough (or metropolitan district) is a type of local government district in England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, metropolitan boroughs are defined in English law as metropolitan districts within metropolitan counties. All of the metropolitan districts have been granted or regranted royal charters giving them borough status (and in some cases, they also have city status). Metropolitan boroughs have been effectively unitary authority areas since the abolition of metropolitan county councils by the Local Government Act 1985. Metropolitan boroughs pool much of their authority in joint boards and other arrangements that cover whole metropolitan counties, such as local enterprise partnerships and combined authorities, with most of the latter having a directly elected metropolitan mayor.
Tanya Osborne
Tanya Lesley Osborne (born 2 April 1971) is a former Australian rugby union player. She represented Australia and was a member of the squad to the 1998 Rugby World Cup.

Osborne was born and raised in Cunnamulla, Queensland. She was working for Australia Post when she was selected to play for the Wallaroos.

Osborne made her international debut for Australia in the 1996 Laurie O'Reilly Cup test match against the Black Ferns. She made her final appearance for the Wallaroos in 2001 against England at Sydney.

Osborne joined the Australian Army in 2018 and served with A Battery, 1st Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery which is based at Gallipoli Barracks in Brisbane.

Australia women's national rugby union team
The Australia women's national rugby union team, commonly called the Wallaroos, represent Australia in women's rugby union. They compete annually in the Pacific Four Series, the Laurie O'Reilly Cup against New Zealand, and have competed at Women's Rugby World Cups since 1998.

Australian women have been playing rugby since the late 1930s, in regional areas of New South Wales. In 1992 the first National Women's Tournament was held in Newcastle, NSW. The following year the Australian Women's Rugby Union was established, and it was declared that the national women's team would be called the Wallaroos. It was chosen because it was the name of one of Australia's oldest clubs, the Wallaroo Football Club, which was formed in 1870.
Francis Henry Medcalf
Francis Henry Medcalf (May 10, 1803 – March 26, 1880) was a Canadian millwright, iron founder, and Mayor of Toronto during the periods 1864–1866 and 1874–1875. He was also a member of the Orange Order in Canada.

Mayor of Toronto
The mayor of Toronto is the head of Toronto City Council and chief executive officer of the municipal government. The mayor is elected alongside city council every four years on the fourth Monday of October; there are no term limits. While in office, mayors are styled His/Her Worship.

Olivia Chow has served as the 66th and current mayor of Toronto since July 12, 2023, after winning the 2023 by-election.
Pseudoambassis macleayi
Pseudoambassis macleayi, commonly known as Macleay's glassfish, Macleay's glass perchlet, Macleay's perchlet, reticulated glassfish, reticulated perchlet, or network perchlet, is a species of freshwater fish in the family Ambassidae. It is native to northern Australia and the trans-Fly River region of New Guinea. It is a fish with a vertically flat, narrow body and a standard length generally between 35 and 45 mm (1.4 and 1.8 in), with large specimens reaching 77 mm (3.0 in) long. It generally eats water fleas and other small invertebrates. This fish is considered to be a least-concern species according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), although it could suffer from habitat degradation due to feral pigs and invasive water plants such as the water hyacinth. The fish is suitable for aquarium use in tanks containing other non-aggressive species.

Trans-Fly savanna and grasslands
The Trans Fly savanna and grasslands are a lowland ecoregion on the south coast of the island of New Guinea in both the Indonesian and Papua New Guinean sides of the island. With their monsoon and dry season climate these grasslands  are quite different from the tropical rainforest that covers most of the island and resemble the landscape of northern Australia which lies to the south.

The name refers to the Fly River.
Robert W. Warren
Robert Willis Warren (August 30, 1925 – August 20, 1998) was a United States district judge for the Eastern District of Wisconsin.  He had previously served as attorney general of Wisconsin and represented Brown and Calumet Counties in the Wisconsin State Senate.

United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin
The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin (in case citations, E.D. Wis.) is a federal trial court of limited jurisdiction. The court is under the auspices of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, although patent claims and claims against the federal government under the Tucker Act are appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The Eastern District was established on June 30, 1870.

The district's headquarters, central courthouse, and the majority of its offices are located in Milwaukee, but the northern counties of the district are serviced by a courthouse in Green Bay. Currently, Pamela Pepper is the district's chief judge. As of November 17, 2025, the interim United States attorney for the district is Brad Schimel.
Cold as Ice (Foreigner song)
"Cold as Ice" is a 1977 song written by Lou Gramm and Mick Jones that was first released by British-American rock band Foreigner from their eponymous debut album. It became one of the best-known songs of the band in the US, peaking at No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100. It was initially the B-side of some versions of the "Feels Like the First Time" 45 rpm single.

The single release is a few seconds shorter than the album version, but adds some orchestration (in the form of horns and strings at subtle levels).

Lou Gramm
Louis Andrew Grammatico (born May 2, 1950), known professionally as Lou Gramm, is an American singer and songwriter. He is best known as co-founder and original frontman of the rock band Foreigner from 1976 to 1990 and again from 1992 to 2003, during which time the band had numerous successful albums and singles.

Gramm is considered among the greatest and most successful rock vocalists of his generation. He co-wrote most of Foreigner's hits with bandmate Mick Jones. Together, they are inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame class of 2013. In 2024, Gramm was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Foreigner.
Michael Jones (New Zealand footballer)
Michael Jones is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Jones made his full All Whites debut in a 0–0 draw with New Caledonia on 25 July 1969 and ended his international playing career with four official caps to his credit, his fourth and final cap an appearance in a 0–2 loss to Israel on 1 October 1969.

New Zealand men's national football team
The New Zealand men's national football team (Māori: Tīma hoka a-motu o Aotearoa) represents New Zealand in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the governing body for football in New Zealand, New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the All Whites (Māori: Ōmā [ɔːmaː]).

The team represented New Zealand at the FIFA World Cup tournaments in 1982 and 2010, and are set to appear in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It also participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 1999, 2003, 2009, and 2017. New Zealand is a six-time OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand was the only unbeaten country in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, drawing all three group stage games; nevertheless, they were eliminated in the group stage.
Al-Shorta SC (basketball)
Al-Shorta SC Basketball is a professional basketball team based in Baghdad, Iraq. It is a part of the Al-Shorta SC multi-sports club, whose origins date back to 1932. The team has won three Iraqi Basketball Premier League titles, most recently in the 2014–15 season, and has won one Iraqi Basketball Perseverance Cup title.

Al-Shorta have previously reached the quarter-finals of the FIBA Asia Champions Cup, and have finished in fourth place at the Arab Club Basketball Championship and fifth place at the WABA Champions Cup. Al-Shorta finished in fourth place in the West Asia sub-zone in the 2023–24 West Asia Super League.

WABA Champions Cup
The WABA Champions Cup, between 2011 and 2012 known as the West Asian Basketball League (WABL), was the West Asian club championship for basketball organized by West Asia Basketball Association, and took place every year, It also served as a qualifying tournament for the FIBA Asia Champions Cup.
Colin Stephen Quality Handicap
The Colin Stephen Quality Handicap is an Australian Turf Club Group 3 Thoroughbred open quality handicap horse race for horses three years old and older, over a distance of 2400 metres, held annually at Rosehill Racecourse, Sydney, Australia, in September. Total prize money for the race is A$250,000.

Australian Turf Club
Australian Turf Club (ATC) owns and operates thoroughbred racing, events and hospitality venues across Sydney, Australia. The ATC came into being on 7 February 2011 when the Australian Jockey Club (AJC) and the Sydney Turf Club (STC) merged. The ATC primarily operates out of their offices at Randwick Racecourse and employs approximately 270 full-time staff and over 1,000 casual staff across the five venues. The venues include Randwick, Rosehill Gardens, Canterbury Park, Warwick Farm and the Rosehill Bowling Club.
Gord Dineen
Gordon M. Dineen (born September 21, 1962) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman and coach who most recently served as an assistant coach with Rochester Americans of the American Hockey League (AHL). He is a former head coach for the AHL's Toronto Marlies and a longtime assistant with several other teams.

Although born in Canada, Dineen spent much of his youth in the United States while his father, Bill Dineen, played and coached professionally.  He returned to Canada to play major junior hockey for Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds. He was drafted by New York Islanders with the 42nd pick in the 1981 draft. His brothers Kevin and Peter were also NHL players.

1981 NHL entry draft
The 1981 NHL entry draft was the 19th NHL entry draft. It was held at the Montreal Forum in Montreal, Quebec. The National Hockey League (NHL) teams selected 211 players eligible for entry into professional ranks, in the reverse order of the 1980–81 NHL season and playoff standings. This is the list of those players selected.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Chris Chelios, who retired after the 2009–10 season.
Panellinios V.C.
Panellinios V.C. is the men's volleyball section of Panellinios G.S., the Greek multi-sports club, that is based in Athens. It was one of the first volleyball clubs in Greece, and is also one of the most successful, since it has won six Greek Championships. Panellinios also has a women's team that has won two Greek Women's Championships, and one Greek Women's Cup.

Greek Women's Volleyball Cup
The Greek women's Volleyball Cup began in the 1998–99 season and is organized by Hellenic Volleyball Federation (ΕΟΠΕ). So far, seven clubs have won the cup. Olympiacos is the most successful club in the competition with 10titles. Olympiacos are the current cup holders.
Silvia Torras
Silvia Torras (1936–1970) was a Spanish-born Argentine informalist painter. Torras became a notable artist in the Argentine informalism movement and showed her work in several major exhibits during the short period she painted.

Informalism
Informalism or Art Informel (French pronunciation: [aʁ ɛ̃fɔʁmɛl]) is a pictorial movement from the 1943–1950s, that includes all the abstract and gestural tendencies that developed in France and the rest of Europe during the World War II, similar to American abstract expressionism started 1946. Several distinguishing trends are identified within the movement such as lyrical abstraction, matter painting, New Paris School, tachisme and art brut. The French art critic Michel Tapié coined the term "art autre" (other art) in the homonymous book published in 1952 in relation to non-geometric abstract art. It was instrumental in improving the concept of abstract art in France during the early 1950s. Its use in the expression of political ideologies in South America during the early 1950s was quite common, as it was seen as the main way to show support for the changing political climate.
2022 BMW Open
The 2022 BMW Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 106th edition of the event and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It took place at the MTTC Iphitos complex in Munich, Germany, from 25 April until 1 May 2022.

Bavarian International Tennis Championships
The Bavarian International Tennis Championships (German: Internationale Tennis-Meisterschaften von Bayern), known since 1990 by its sponsored name BMW Open, is a men's tennis tournament held at the MTTC Iphitos in Munich, Germany. The tournament is played on outdoor clay courts as part of the ATP Tour calendar. In 2025, it was upgraded to an ATP 500 level event.
Founded in 1899 as a combined men's and women's event, it is also known as the  Bavarian Open.
Niamh Charles
Niamh Louise Charles (/niːv/ NEEV, Irish: [ˈn̠ʲiəw]; born 21 June 1999) is an English professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Women's Super League club Chelsea and the England national team. Beginning her youth and senior career with Liverpool as a forward, she signed for Chelsea in 2020, where she is a five-time WSL winner, four-time FA Cup winner, two-time League Cup winner, and Champions League runner-up. Charles has represented England at U17 to U20 youth levels and made her senior debut for England in 2021. With England, she has won Euro 2025 and two Arnold Clark Cups, and was a World Cup runner-up in 2023.

Arnold Clark Cup
The Arnold Clark Cup was an invitational women's association football tournament hosted by the Football Association in England, starting in 2022. It was named after car retailer Arnold Clark, who signed a multi-year sponsorship deal. ITV acted as the competition's domestic broadcast partner.

Played during the February/March international break, the Arnold Clark Cup took place at the same time as other notable international women's invitational tournaments such as the Algarve Cup, the Cup of Nations, the Cyprus Women's Cup, the Istria Cup, the Pinatar Cup, the SheBelieves Cup, the Tournoi de France, the Turkish Women's Cup and the Women's Revelations Cup.

England won both editions of the tournament, back-to-back in 2022 and 2023. It has not been held since the introduction of the UEFA Women's Nations League and its link with the UEFA Women's Championship and FIFA Women's World Cup qualifiers.
George Salazar
George Ernest Salazar (born March 7, 1986) is an American actor and singer. He is known for his work on and off-Broadway. He made his Broadway debut in the 2011 revival of Stephen Schwartz's Godspell. Salazar originated the role of Michael Mell in Be More Chill (2015) and performed the role Off-Broadway (2018) and Broadway (2019) at the Lyceum Theater in New York City. He originated the role of Grover in The Lightning Thief: The Percy Jackson Musical and starred in Pasadena Playhouse's production of Little Shop of Horrors as Seymour Krelborn. On screen, he had a recurring role as George Conway in the FX limited anthology series Impeachment: American Crime Story (2016), and in 2025 made his feature film acting debut as the voice and facial motion capture for Happy, one of the Seven Dwarfs in Disney's live-action remake of Snow White.

The Lightning Thief (musical)
The Lightning Thief is a musical with music and lyrics by Rob Rokicki and a book by Joe Tracz, based on the 2005 novel of the same name by Rick Riordan. In the musical,  Percy Jackson - a teenage boy who discovers that he is a demigod - goes on a quest to find Zeus's missing lightning bolt to prevent a war between the Greek gods.
Omicron1 Canis Majoris
Omicron1 Canis Majoris is a red supergiant star in the constellation Canis Major. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from ο1 Canis Majoris, and abbreviated Omicron1 CMa or ο1 CMa. This is a variable star that ranges in apparent visual magnitude from 3.78 to 3.99, which is bright enough to be viewed with the naked eye. It is located at a distance of approximately 2,700 light years, and is drifting further away with a line of sight velocity of +36 km/s.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Vanessa Goodwin
Vanessa Goodwin (22 April 1969 – 3 March 2018) was an Australian politician. She was the Liberal Party member for the seat of Pembroke in the Tasmanian Legislative Council from the Pembroke by-election on 1 August 2009 until her resignation due to brain cancer on 2 October 2017.

Tasmanian Liberal Party
The Tasmanian Liberal Party, officially known as the Liberal Party of Australia (Tasmanian Division) and more simply as the Tasmanian Liberals, is the state division of the Liberal Party of Australia in Tasmania.

The incumbent premier of Tasmania is Jeremy Rockliff, who has served as the Liberal leader since 2022.
Hohloh
The Hohloh is a mountain, 988.3 m above sea level (NHN), on the eastern main ridge of the Northern Black Forest in Germany. It lies near the village of Kaltenbronn in the borough of Gernsbach, a town in the county of Rastatt in the German state of Baden-Württemberg. Its summit is the highest point in the borough of Gernsbach and the eastern chain of the Northern Black Forest, the ridge between the rivers Murg and Enz. A mountain pass runs northeast of the summit plateau between the two river valleys passing over the saddle of Schwarzmiss (933 m).

Characteristic of the Hohloh is its flat bunter sandstone kuppe with its observation tower, the Hohloh Tower (Hohlohturm) and a raised bog and bog lakes on the plateau which are protected.

Buntsandstein
The Buntsandstein (German for coloured or colourful sandstone) or Bunter sandstone is a lithostratigraphic and allostratigraphic unit (a sequence of rock strata) in the subsurface of large parts of west and central Europe. The Buntsandstein predominantly consists of sandstone layers of the Lower Triassic series and is one of three characteristic Triassic units, together with the Muschelkalk and Keuper that form the Germanic Trias Supergroup.

The Buntsandstein is similar in age, facies and lithology with the Bunter of the British Isles. It is normally lying on top of the Permian Zechstein and below the Muschelkalk. In the past the name Buntsandstein was in Europe also used in a chronostratigraphic sense, as a subdivision of the Triassic system. Among reasons to abandon this use was the discovery that its base lies actually in the latest Permian.
R. S. Thomas
Ronald Stuart Thomas (29 March 1913 – 25 September 2000), published as R. S. Thomas, was a Welsh poet and Anglican priest noted for nationalism, spirituality and dislike of the anglicisation of Wales. John Betjeman, introducing Song at the Year's Turning (1955), the first collection of Thomas's poetry from a major publisher, predicted that Thomas would be remembered long after he himself was forgotten. M. Wynn Thomas said: "He was the Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn of Wales because he was such a troubler of the Welsh conscience. He was one of the major English language and European poets of the 20th century."

Welsh nationalism
Welsh nationalism (Welsh: Cenedlaetholdeb Cymreig) emphasises and celebrates the distinctiveness of Welsh culture, Welsh language (yr Iaith Gymraeg) and Wales as a nation or country. Welsh nationalism may also include calls for further autonomy or self-determination, which includes Welsh devolution, meaning increased powers for the Senedd, or full Welsh independence.