hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Washington State Route 243
State Route 243 (SR 243) is a state highway in Grant County, Washington. It travels north–south along the Columbia River for 28 miles (45 km), connecting SR 24 at the Vernita Bridge to SR 26 near Vantage. The highway travels through a predominantly rural and desert area, serving two hydroelectric dams and the communities of Desert Aire, Mattawa, and Beverly.

The highway was established as a branch of Secondary State Highway 7C (SSH 7C) in 1957, to be built uphill from the reservoir of the new Priest Rapids Dam. Construction was completed in the early 1960s and it was re-designated as SR 243 during the 1964 state highway renumbering.

Priest Rapids Dam
Priest Rapids Dam is a hydroelectric, concrete gravity dam; located on the Columbia River, between the Yakima Firing Range and the Hanford Nuclear Reservation, and bridges Yakima County and Grant County, in the U.S. state of Washington. The dam is 24 miles south of the town of Vantage, and 47 miles northwest of the city of Richland. It is located at mile marker 397.1 from the mouth of the Columbia. It is owned by the Grant County Public Utility District (PUD). Priest Rapids, for which the dam was named, are now submerged beneath the dam's reservoir.

Priest Rapids Dam is part of the Columbia River Basin system of dams.
Five-spice powder
Five-spice powder (Chinese: 五香粉; pinyin: wǔxiāng fěn) is a spice mixture of five or more spices—commonly star anise, cloves, Chinese cinnamon, Sichuan pepper, and fennel seeds—used predominantly in almost all branches of Chinese cuisine. The five flavors of the spices reflect the five traditional Chinese elements (wood, fire, earth, metal, and water) and flavors (sweet, bitter, sour, salty, and savory). The addition of eight other spices creates thirteen-spice powder (十三香), which is used less commonly.

Cinnamomum cassia
Cinnamomum cassia, called Chinese cassia, cassia cinnamon, or Chinese cinnamon, is an evergreen tree originating in southern China and widely cultivated there and elsewhere in South and Southeast Asia. It is one of several species of Cinnamomum used primarily for its aromatic bark, which is used as a spice. The buds are also used as a spice, especially in India, and were used by the ancient Romans.
Copyright claims on Bikram Yoga
Bikram Choudhury made a series of claims that his yoga practice, Bikram Yoga, was under copyright and that it could not be taught or presented by anyone whom he had not authorized, starting in 2002. In 2011 Choudhury started a lawsuit against Yoga to the People, a competing yoga studio founded by a former student of Bikram's and with a location near one of the Bikram Yoga studios in New York. As a result of that lawsuit, the United States Copyright Office issued a clarification that yoga postures (asanas) could not be copyrighted in the way claimed by Bikram, and that Yoga to the People and others could continue to freely teach these exercises. In 2015, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals affirmed a lower court ruling that the Bikram Yoga Sequence was not copyrightable subject matter.

Bikram Yoga
Bikram Yoga is a system of hot yoga, a type of yoga as exercise, spread by Bikram Choudhury and based on the teachings of B. C. Ghosh, that became popular in the early 1970s. Classes consist of a fixed sequence of 26 postures, practised in a room heated to 105 °F (41 °C) with a humidity of 40%, intended to replicate the climate of India. The room is fitted with carpets and the walls are covered in mirrors. The instructor may adjust the students' yoga postures. Choudhury's teaching style was abrasive.

Bikram Yoga spread rapidly across America and the Western world, reaching a peak of some 1,650 studios in at least 40 countries in 2006. Choudhury attempted to copyright the Bikram Yoga sequence from 2011, but was ultimately unsuccessful. In 2016, facing lawsuits and accusations of sexual assault, Choudhury fled to India, leaving Bikram Yoga, Inc. to be run by others.
Lazarus Saturday
Lazarus Saturday in Eastern Christianity (consisting of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic Churches) refers to the moveable feast before Palm Sunday to which it is liturgically linked. It celebrates the raising of Lazarus of Bethany.  Bethany is recorded in the New Testament as a small village in Judaea, the home of the siblings Mary of Bethany, Martha, and Lazarus, as well as that of Simon the Leper.

John's gospel reports that "Six days before the Passover, Jesus came to Bethany, where Lazarus lived, whom Jesus had raised from the dead."  Presumably, it is where he spent the Great Sabbath that occurs immediately before Passover, prior to his triumphal entry into Jerusalem. Jesus is reported to have lodged there during Holy Week, and it is where his anointing by Lazarus' sister Mary took place a few days later on Holy Wednesday.

Bethany
Bethany (Ancient Greek: Βηθανία, Syriac: ܒܝܬ ܥܢܝܐ Bēṯ ʿAnyā), locally called in Arabic al-Eizariya or el-Aizariya (Arabic: العيزرية, "[place] of Lazarus"), is a Palestinian town in the Jerusalem Governorate of Palestine, bordering East Jerusalem, in the West Bank. The name al-Eizariya refers to the New Testament figure Lazarus of Bethany, who according to the Gospel of John, was raised from the dead by Jesus in the town. The traditional site of the miracle, the Tomb of Lazarus, in the city is a place of pilgrimage.

The town is located on the southeastern slope of the Mount of Olives, less than 2 miles (3.2 km) from Jerusalem. With a population of 22,928 inhabitants according to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, it is the second largest city in the Quds Governorate of the State of Palestine, after only East Jerusalem, which has been annexed by and is completely under the control of Israel, although this annexation is unrecognized internationally.
Ryan Ince
Ryan Ince (born 16 September 1996) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays on the wing for Widnes Vikings in the RFL Championship.

He played for the Widnes Vikings in the Super League and in the Championship. He has also spent time on loan from Widnes at Whitehaven in the Championship and Hunslet and the North Wales Crusaders in League 1. Ince has also spent time on loan from the Leigh Centurions at Oldham in the RFL Championship.

Widnes Vikings
The Widnes Vikings are an English rugby league club in Widnes, Cheshire, which competes in the Championship. The club plays home matches at DCBL Stadium. Founded as Widnes Football Club, they are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. Their historic nickname is "The Chemics" after the main industry in Widnes, but now they use their modern nickname, "The Vikings".

The club enjoyed a period of success in the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s, and were frequently described as "Cup Kings" reaching the Challenge Cup Final 7 times in 10 years between 1975 and 1984. In 1989, after winning their third Rugby League Premiership, Widnes became the first official World Club Champions by beating the Australian champions Canberra Raiders 30–18 at Old Trafford. They have a strong local rivalry with Warrington Wolves.
Joanna Tuffy
Joanna Tuffy (born 9 March 1965) is an Irish Labour Party politician who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin Mid-West constituency from 2007 to 2016. She was a Senator for the Administrative Panel from 2002 to 2007.

Seanad Éireann
53°20′26″N 6°15′14″W﻿ / ﻿53.34055°N 6.254021°W﻿ / 53.34055; -6.254021
Seanad Éireann (/ˈʃænəd ˈɛərən, ˈʃænəð/ ⓘ SHAN-əd(h) AIR-ən; Irish: [ˈʃan̪ˠəd̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; "Senate of Ireland") is the upper house of the Oireachtas (the Irish legislature), which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann (the lower house).

It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members are known as senators (Irish: seanadóirí, singular: seanadóir). Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by various methods. Its powers are much weaker than those of the Dáil and it can only delay laws with which it disagrees, rather than veto them outright. It can introduce new legislation. Since its establishment, it has been located in Leinster House.
Mélissa Theuriau
Mélissa Theuriau (French pronunciation: [melisa tœʁjo]; born 18 July 1978) is a French journalist and news anchor for M6. She studied journalism and became a television news presenter. She is the former anchor and co-editor in chief of Zone interdite on French TV.

M6 (TV channel)
M6 (French: [ɛm sis]), also known as Métropole Télévision, is the most profitable private national French television channel and the third most watched television network in the French-speaking world. M6 is the head channel of the M6 Group media empire that owns several TV channels, magazines, publications, movie production companies, and media-related firms. It is owned by RTL Group.

On 20 May 2021, it was announced that M6 Group, owners of the channel, has proposed a merger with TF1 Group, which owns competing commercial network TF1. On 16 September 2022, it was announced that the merger was officially abandoned, citing concerns from French antitrust regulator, the Autorité de la concurrence, regarding competition in the advertising sector; the combined entity was likely to have been required to sell either primary channel (M6 or TF1) for the merger to proceed.
New York Se New Karachi
New York Se New Karachi (Urdu: نیو یارک سے نیو کراچی, lit. 'From New York to New Karachi') is a Pakistani television series that aired on TVOne Pakistan. The script of the serial was written by Mohsin Ali and while it was directed by Fahim Burney. It stars Azfar Rehman as Salman, a typical Karachi boy while Ainy Jaffri as Sara, a modern girl returns to Pakistan along with her family.

At the 14th Lux Style Awards, it received nomination of Best Television Actor to Azfar Rehman.

Azfar Rehman
Azfar Rehman (Urdu: اظفر رحمان) is a Pakistani model, VJ, TV host and actor.

He has acted in Dugdugi, Ladies Park, Sitamgar, Baityaan, Mehar Bano aur Shah Bano, Noor Pur Ki Rani, Mohabbat Rooth Jaye Toh and Phir Chand Pe Dastak. He also played the roles of Sheharyar in Aatish and Raheel in Qadam Qadam Ishq.

He also hosted three seasons of the reality show Miss Veet Pakistan.

He has been hosting the 'Morning Star with Azfar Rehman' on TV One since January 2022.
Battle of Balambangan Island
The Battle of Balambangan Island was a battle that occurred in the island of Balambangan. The battle was part of the Apostate War between forces of the Bruneian Sultanate and the forces of the Sulu Sultanate.

Balambangan Island
Balambangan Island (Malay: Pulau Balambangan) is an island in Kudat Division, Sabah, Malaysia. It is located off the northern tip of Borneo and is situated just about 3 kilometres west of Banggi Island. It is now part of the Tun Mustapha Marine Park.
Work It Out (Joe Jonas song)
"Work It Out" is a song by American singer-songwriter Joe Jonas. It was released through Republic Records on July 19, 2024, as the lead single from his second studio album, Music for People Who Believe in Love (2025). Jonas wrote the song with producers Victoria and Jason Evigan, alongside Kane Ritchotte and Blush.

Jonas released a remix of the song in collaboration with his band DNCE, on September 20, 2024, and a second remix, in collaboration with his brother-in-law, American DJ Deleasa, on October 25, 2024.

Bianca Atterberry
Bianca Deiandra "Blush" Atterberry is an American songwriter and producer. Atterberry has co-written for Demi Lovato, Blackpink, K. Michelle, Mary J. Blige, Macy Gray, Meghan Trainor, and Kid Cudi, among others. In 2021, Atterberry co-wrote Demi Lovato single "Dancing With The Devil", which charted on the Billboard Hot 100, as well as three additional album cuts from album Dancing with the Devil... the Art of Starting Over.
History of the Jews in the United Kingdom
For the history of the Jews in the United Kingdom, including the time before the formation of the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707, see:

History of the Jews in England

History of the Jews in Scotland

History of the Jews in Northern Ireland

History of the Jews in Wales

History of the Jews in Ireland
The history of the Jewish People in Ireland extends for almost a millennium. The Jewish community in Ireland has always been small in numbers in modern history, not exceeding 5,500 since at least 1891.
Jim Laird (rugby league)
Jim Laird was a rugby league player who represented New Zealand in 4 test matches (1 v England in 1932 and 3 v Australia in 1935) in the second row and at hooker. He became the 226th player to represent New Zealand. He also played club rugby league for Ngaruawahia (1930–32), and Marist Old Boys (1932-35). He also played for Waikato representative teams (1930–32), and Auckland (1933-35).

Auckland rugby league team
The Auckland rugby league team is the team which traditionally represents all of the clubs which play in the Auckland Rugby League competition. As well as a senior men's team there are also Auckland representative teams throughout the various age groups such as under 15s, under 17s, under 19s and under 21s.

Under the new zone scheme introduced in 2010 the Auckland team represents the North Shore, East Auckland and West Auckland, while South Auckland is represented by the Counties Manukau rugby league team. The zone team is named the Akarana Falcons.
Badr al-Mu'tadidi
Abu'l-Najm Badr al-Mu'tadidi was the chief military commander of the Abbasid Caliphate during the reign of Caliph al-Mu'tadid (892–902). Originally a military slave (ghulam or mawla) who served under the future al-Mu'tadid in the suppression of the Zanj Rebellion, his ability and loyalty led him to become the Caliph's commander-in-chief, exercising considerable influence in the governance of the state throughout Mu'tadid's reign. He was executed on 14 August 902 due to the machinations of the ambitious vizier, al-Qasim ibn Ubayd Allah.

Mawla
Mawlā (Arabic: مَوْلَى; IPA: [maw.laː], plural mawālī مَوَالِي; [ma.waː.liː]), is a polysemous Arabic word, whose meaning varied in different periods and contexts.

Before the Islamic prophet Muhammad, the term applied to any form of tribal association.

In the Quran and hadiths it is used in multiple senses, including 'lord', 'guardian', and 'trustee'.

After Muhammad's death, the Umayyad dynasty accepted new converts to Islam into Arab-Muslim society and the word mawali gained currency as an appellation for converted non-Arab Muslims in the early Islamic caliphates.
Phil Boyer
Philip John Boyer (born 25 January 1949) is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker.

He played for various clubs throughout his career and came through the academy at Derby County, leaving for York City in 1968 without making an appearance for Derby. In 1970, he signed for AFC Bournemouth before leaving for Norwich City four years later. Boyer joined Southampton in 1977 and spent three years with the club. In 1980, he joined Manchester City and was sent on loan at Hong Kong club Bulova SA in February 1982. After 1983, Boyer would spend the remainder of his playing career in non-league football.

Boyer only made one senior appearance for the England national team in 1976, becoming Norwich's first English international.

Bulova SA
Bulova (Chinese: 寶路華足球隊) was a Hong Kong football club which were dissolved after the 1984–85 season.

In 1977, Bulova entered Hong Kong Third Division League and proposed a three-year plan to get promotion to First Division. In 1979–80 season, Bulova appeared the first time in Hong Kong First Division League.

The team organised many exhibition matches which attracted many spectators. Some of the famous ones include the match against Liverpool in 1983 and against Manchester United in 1984.

They won a double of Hong Kong FA Cup and Hong Kong Viceroy Cup in 1981–82 and 1982–83. They were also runners-up of FA Cup in 1979–80 and won the Hong Kong Senior Shield in 1984. They were also runners-up in the Hong Kong First Division League in 1982–83 and 1983–84.
Betula alleghaniensis
Betula alleghaniensis, the yellow birch, golden birch, or swamp birch, is a large tree and an important lumber species of birch native to northeastern North America. Its vernacular names refer to the golden color of the tree's bark. In the past its scientific name was Betula lutea, the yellow birch.

Betula alleghaniensis is the provincial tree of Quebec, where it is commonly called merisier, a name which in France is used for the wild cherry.

Acer saccharum
Acer saccharum, the sugar maple, is a species of flowering plant in the soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae. It is native to the hardwood forests of eastern Canada and the eastern United States. Sugar maple is best known for being the primary source of maple syrup and for its brightly colored autumn foliage. It may also be called "rock maple," "sugar tree," "sweet maple," or, particularly in reference to the wood, "hard maple," "birds-eye maple," or "curly maple," the last two being specially figured lumber.
Games for Windows
Games for Windows is a former brand owned by Microsoft and introduced in 2006 to coincide with the release of the Windows Vista operating system. The brand itself represents a standardized technical certification program and online service for Windows games, bringing a measure of regulation to the PC game market in much the same way that console manufacturers regulate their platforms. The branding program was open to both first-party and third-party publishers.

Play Anywhere
Xbox Play Anywhere, formerly Live Anywhere, is an ongoing initiative by Microsoft Gaming to bring the cross-platform Xbox network (formerly Xbox Live) service to a wide variety of Microsoft platforms and devices, chiefly the Xbox Series X|S, Windows 11, Xbox One, and Windows 10.
1940 Birmingham Edgbaston by-election
The 1940 Birmingham Edgbaston by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Birmingham Edgbaston on 18 December 1940.  The seat had become vacant when Neville Chamberlain, the constituency's Conservative Party Member of Parliament had died from stomach cancer on 9 November. Chamberlain had been prime minister until May 1940, and had held the Edgbaston seat since the 1929 general election.

The Conservative candidate, Peter Bennett, was returned unopposed.  During World War II, unopposed by-elections were common, since the major parties had agreed not to contest by-elections when vacancies arose in seats held by the other parties; contests occurred only when independent candidates or minor parties chose to stand, and the Common Wealth Party was formed in 1942 with the specific aim of contesting war-time by-elections.

Birmingham Edgbaston
Birmingham Edgbaston is a constituency, represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2017 by Preet Gill, a Labour Co-op MP.

The most high-profile MP for the constituency was former Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain (1937–1940).  Since 1953 it has elected a succession of female MPs.
IndyCar Series at Auto Club Speedway
American open-wheel car races had been hosted at Auto Club Speedway in Fontana, California since its inauguration in 1997 until 2015 (except from 2006 to 2011), under both CART/Champ Car and modern-day IndyCar Series sanctioning, representing a continuous lineage of American open-wheel oval racing in the Southern California-area that dates back to 1970.

For many years in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the race served as the season finale for the CART series. From 2012 to 2014, when it was sponsored by MAVTV, it served as the finale for the IndyCar Series.

In 2015, the race was moved to June. Despite several journalists calling the 2015 edition one of the best IndyCar races, the race did not return on the schedule for 2016, ending the lineage of Southern California open-wheel oval races.

Champ Car World Series
Champ Car World Series (CCWS) was an American open-wheel car racing series sanctioned by Open-Wheel Racing Series Inc., a sanctioning body that operated from 2004 to 2008. It was the successor to Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART), which sanctioned open-wheel racing from 1979 until dissolving after the 2003 season.
Baystate Health
Baystate Health is a non-profit integrated healthcare system headquartered in Springfield, Massachusetts, primarily serving Western Massachusetts. The system comprises four acute-care hospitals encompassing over 1,000 licensed beds; a multi-specialty group, Baystate Medical Practices, which includes over 700 physicians across 40 care locations; and a health maintenance organization (HMO), Health New England, which covers residents of parts of Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Vermont, and New Hampshire. The system's flagship hospital, Baystate Medical Center, serves as the only Level I trauma center in Western Massachusetts.

In 2022, Baystate's four hospitals reported a total of over 55,000 discharges and over 185,000 emergency department visits.  A fifth, the former Baystate Mary Lane Hospital in Ware, was demolished in August 2025, two years after its closure.

Western Massachusetts
42°20′N 72°50′W﻿ / ﻿42.333°N 72.833°W﻿ / 42.333; -72.833

Western Massachusetts, known colloquially as "Western Mass," is a region in Massachusetts, one of the six U.S. states that make up the New England region of the United States. Western Massachusetts has diverse topography; 22 colleges and universities including UMass in Amherst, MA, with approximately 100,000 students; and such institutions as Tanglewood, the Springfield Armory, and Jacob's Pillow.

The western part of western Massachusetts includes the Berkshire Mountains, where there are several vacation resorts. The eastern part of the region includes the Connecticut River Valley, which has a number of university towns, the major city Springfield, and numerous agricultural hamlets. In the eastern part of the area, the Quabbin region is a place of outdoor recreation.
Martin Burckhardt (architect)
Martin Burckhardt, born on 5 March 1921 in Basel and died on 6 February 2007 in the same city, was a Swiss architect and politician, member of the Liberal Democratic Party. He was a member of the National Council from 1987 to 1991.

He is the architect of the Tower of the Bank for International Settlements in Basel.

National Council (Switzerland)
The National Council (German: Nationalrat; French: Conseil national; Italian: Consiglio nazionale; Romansh: Cussegl naziunal) is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, representing the people. The other house, the Council of States, represents the states. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism. Both houses meet in the Federal Palace of Switzerland in Bern.

The National Council consists of 200 members. Adult citizens elect the council's members, who are called national Councillors, for four year terms. Members are apportioned to the cantons in proportion to their population.
121st Field Artillery Regiment (United States)
The 1st Battalion, 121st Field Artillery is currently part of the 157th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade that is based out of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Attached to the 1-121st is Battery A located in Hartford, Wisconsin; Battery B located in Plymouth, Wisconsin; 108th Forward Support Company located in Sussex, Wisconsin.

The 1-121st FA originally operated M109 howitzer before switching to the M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) in 2003. As of 2010 the 1-121st FA operates the M142 High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS).

Plymouth, Wisconsin
Plymouth is a city in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States, along the Mullet River. The population was 8,932 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Sheboygan, Wisconsin, metropolitan area. The city is located in the Town of Plymouth, but it is politically independent. Plymouth was known as "Hub City" for its former role as a center of wooden wheelwrighting. It advertises itself as "The Cheese Capital of the World," as it produces 14% of all the cheese consumed in the United States. The Mayor is Don Pohlman.