hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
East Pakistan Civil Armed Force
East Pakistan Civil Armed Force (EPCAF) was a paramilitary force that operated in East Pakistan. It replaced the East Pakistan Rifles and was being used to guard Dacca and Pakistani strongholds, It evolved from East Pakistan Rifles.

Razakars (Pakistan)
The Razakars (Urdu: رضا کار Bengali: রাজাকার, lit. 'Volunteer') were a gendarmerie and paramilitary force in East Pakistan organised by General Tikka Khan in 1971. They were organised as a counter-insurgency force to fight Mukti Bahini members in the Bangladesh War of Independence, and played an infamous role in the 1971 Bangladesh genocide. The Razakars were disbanded following Pakistan's defeat and surrender in the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War.
Ann Doherty
Ann Doherty (c. 1786 – c. 1831/1832) was an English novelist and playwright, who corresponded with Robert Southey. Her father, Thomas Holmes (1751–1827), was a wealthy East India merchant from Worcestershire, who changed his name to Hunter on inheriting an estate, Gobions in North Mymms, Hertfordshire, through his wife, the daughter of the Governor of Bombay, William Hornby.

Robert Southey
Robert Southey (/ˈsaʊði, ˈsʌði/; 12 August 1774 – 21 March 1843) was an English poet of the Romantic school, and Poet Laureate from 1813 until his death. Like the other Lake Poets, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Southey began as a radical but became steadily more conservative as he gained respect for Britain and its institutions. Other romantics such as Byron accused him of siding with the establishment for money and status. He is remembered especially for the poem "After Blenheim" and the original version of "Goldilocks and the Three Bears".
Outline of logic
Logic  is the formal science of using reason and is considered a branch of both philosophy and mathematics and to a lesser extent computer science. Logic investigates and classifies the structure of statements and arguments, both through the study of formal systems of inference and the study of arguments in natural language. The scope of logic can therefore be very large, ranging from core topics such as the study of fallacies and paradoxes, to specialized analyses of reasoning such as probability, correct reasoning, and arguments involving causality. One of the aims of logic is to identify the correct (or valid) and incorrect (or fallacious) inferences. Logicians study the criteria for the evaluation of arguments.

Term logic
In logic and formal semantics, term logic, also known as traditional logic, syllogistic logic or Aristotelian logic, is a loose name for an approach to formal logic that began with Aristotle and was developed further in ancient history mostly by his followers, the Peripatetics. It was revived after the third century CE by Porphyry's Isagoge.

Term logic revived in medieval times, first in Islamic logic by Alpharabius in the tenth century, and later in Christian Europe in the twelfth century with the advent of new logic, remaining dominant until the advent of predicate logic in the late nineteenth century.

However, even if eclipsed by newer logical systems, term logic still plays a significant role in the study of logic. Rather than radically breaking with term logic, modern logics typically expand it.
Kagoshima Shrine
Kagoshima Shrine (鹿児島神宮, Kagoshima-jingū) is a Shinto shrine located in the Hayatomachi-uchi neighborhood of the city of Kirishima, Kagoshima prefecture, Japan.  It is the ichinomiya of former  Ōsumi Province. The main festival of the shrine are held annually on August 15 by the lunar calendar. Historically it was also known by the names Ōsumi Shō-Hachiman-gū (大隅正八幡宮) and Kokubu Hachiman-gū (国分八幡宮). The shrine precincts was designated as a National Historic Site in 1972.

Ichinomiya
Ichinomiya (一宮, also 一の宮 or 一之宮; first shrine) is a Japanese historical term referring to the Shinto shrines with the highest rank in a province. Shrines of lower rank were designated ninomiya (二宮, second), sannomiya (三宮, third), shinomiya (四宮, fourth), and so forth.

The term gave rise to modern place names, such as the city of Ichinomiya, Aichi, named after Masumida Shrine in the former Owari Province.
Pernelle Carron
Pernelle Carron (born 20 August 1986) is a French former competitive ice dancer. With partner Lloyd Jones, she is the 2013 Winter Universiade champion, 2010 Cup of Nice champion, three-time NRW Trophy champion, and 2010 French national champion. She won bronze at two Grand Prix events, 2011 Cup of China and 2007 Skate Canada International, and competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

NRW Trophy
The NRW Trophy (also known as the NRW Summer Trophy or the NRW Autumn Trophy) is an annual international figure skating competition organized by the Skating Union of North Rhine-Westphalia. Since 2007, it has been sanctioned by the Deutsche Eislauf Union and the International Skating Union. It is held every autumn at the Westfalenhallen in Dortmund, Germany. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The competition is held in two parts: The Ice Dance Trophy is held in early November, while the Figure Skating Trophy is held for singles and pair skating in late November or early December.
Kavanagh, Alberta
Kavanagh is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada within Leduc County.  It is located on Highway 2A between Millet and Leduc, approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of Edmonton.

The hamlet was settled by workers of the Kavanagh block of the Canadian National Railway and was named for Charles Edmund Kavanagh, railway superintendent. The grain elevators have since closed and been relocated.

Kavanagh was declared a hamlet on January 5, 1980 by Marvin E. Moore, Minister of Municipal Affairs.

Leduc County
Leduc County is a municipal district in Alberta, Canada, that is immediately south of the City of Edmonton. It spans 105 km (65 mi) east to west and 32 km (20 mi) north to south, and has a population of 14,416. The municipal district is home to prairie parkland and several lakes and is home to the Edmonton International Airport, the Nisku Industrial Business Park and the Genesee Generating Station.
Drew Kibler
Andrew Patrick “Drew” Kibler (born March 9, 2000) is an American competition swimmer specializing in freestyle events. He is a world record holder in the short course 4×200 meter freestyle relay and a former American record holder in the 4×200 yard freestyle relay. He won a gold medal in the 4×200 meter freestyle relay each at the 2022 World Aquatics Championships (long course) and the 2022 World Short Course Championships and placed fourth in the event at the 2020 Summer Olympics. He is an Olympic silver medalist in the 4x200 meter freestyle relay at the 2024 Paris Olympics. In the 200 meter freestyle, he took fourth-place at both the 2022 World Aquatics Championships and the 2022 World Short Course Championships. He is also a three-time NCAA champion in the 4×200 yard freestyle relay, winning NCAA titles in the event in 2019, 2021, and 2022.

2021 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 2021 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships were contested from March 24–27, 2021 at the Greensboro Aquatic Center in Greensboro, North Carolina. It was the 97th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.
Edvaldo Gonçalves Amaral
Edvaldo Gonçalves Amaral S.D.B. (born 25 May 1927) is a Brazilian Roman Catholic prelate who served as the archbishop of the Archdiocese of Maceió from 1985 until his retirement in 2002. He previously served as an auxiliary bishop and as Bishop of Parnaíba.

Salesians of Don Bosco
The Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB), formally known as the Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Latin: Societas Sancti Francisci Salesii), is a religious congregation of men in the Catholic Church, founded in 1859 by the Italian priest John Bosco to help poor and migrant youth during the Industrial Revolution. The congregation was named after Francis de Sales, a 17th-century bishop of Geneva.

The Salesians' charter describes the society's mission as "the Christian perfection of its associates obtained by the exercise of spiritual and corporal works of charity towards the young, especially the poor, and the education of boys to the priesthood". Its associated women's institute is the Salesian Sisters of Don Bosco, while the lay movement is the Association of Salesian Cooperators.
Mandatory reporting in the United States
In many parts of the world, mandated reporters are people who have regular contact with vulnerable people such as children, disabled persons, and senior citizens, and are therefore legally required to ensure a report is made when abuse is observed or suspected. Specific details vary across jurisdictions—the abuse that must be reported may include neglect, or financial, physical, sexual, or other types of abuse. Mandated reporters may include paid or unpaid people who have assumed full or intermittent responsibility for the care of a child, dependent adult, or elder.

Physical abuse
Physical abuse is any intentional act causing injury or trauma to another person or animal by way of bodily contact. In most cases, children are the victims of physical abuse, but adults can also be victims, as in cases of domestic violence or workplace aggression. Alternative terms sometimes used include physical assault or physical violence, and may also include sexual abuse. Physical abuse may involve more than one abuser, and more than one victim.
Lewis Warrington (Medal of Honor)
First Lieutenant Lewis Warrington III (unknown – January 5, 1879) was an American officer in the U.S. Army who served with the 4th U.S. Cavalry during the Texas–Indian Wars. He won distinction while commanding a small cavalry detachment against a hostile band of Comanche Indians in the Muchague Valley on December 8, 1874, and was one of three men received the Medal of Honor in the engagement. He is the only officer during the Indian Wars to receive the award immediately after the battle rather than in subsequent years.

4th Cavalry Regiment (United States)
The 4th Cavalry Regiment is a United States Army cavalry regiment, whose lineage is traced back to the mid-19th century. It was one of the most effective units of the Army against American Indians on the Texas frontier. Today, the regiment exists as separate squadrons within the U.S. Army. Presently, 1st Squadron, 4th Cavalry and 5th Squadron, 4th Cavalry are parts of the 1st Infantry Division's 1st Brigade and 2nd Brigade combat teams, respectively. 1st Squadron, 4th Cavalry's official nickname is "Quarterhorse", which alludes to its "1/4 Cav" designation.The 3rd Squadron, 4th Cavalry, official nicknamed "Raiders," serves as part of the 25th Infantry Division. The 4th Squadron, 4th Cavalry officially was stood up in September 2009 at Fort Riley, Kansas as part of 1st Infantry Division. It was inactivated in October 2015. The 6th Squadron, 4th Cavalry served as part of the recently inactivated 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 1st Infantry Division,  at Fort Knox, Kentucky.
Gunparade March
Gunparade March is a 2000 tactical role-playing video game developed by Alfa System and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation. It was released only in Japan.

It led to the release of a manga and anime series, and it was also re-released on the PlayStation Network for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable. A sequel trilogy of games, titled Gunparade Orchestra were released for the PlayStation 2 in 2006.

Tactical role-playing game
Tactical role-playing game (abbreviated TRPG), also known as strategy role-playing game or simulation RPG (both abbreviated SRPG), is a video game genre that combines core elements of role-playing video games with those of tactical (turn-based or real-time) strategy video games. The formats of tactical RPGs are much like traditional tabletop role-playing games and strategy games in appearance, pacing, and rule structure. Likewise, early tabletop role-playing games are descended from skirmish wargames such as Chainmail, which were primarily concerned with combat.
Alice de Lusignan, Countess of Gloucester
Alice de Lusignan (or Alice of Angoulême) (born after October 1236 – May 1290) was an English noblewoman, the first wife of Marcher baron Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester, and half-niece of King Henry III of England.

It was rumoured that she became the mistress of her half first cousin Prince Edward, while she was briefly imprisoned on account of her husband's treason.

Welsh Marches
The Welsh Marches (Welsh: Y Mers) is an imprecisely defined area along the border between England and Wales in the United Kingdom.  The precise meaning of the term has varied at different periods.

The English term Welsh March (Medieval Latin: Marchia Walliae) was originally used in the Middle Ages to denote the marches between England and the Principality of Wales, in which Marcher lords had specific rights, exercised to some extent independently of the king of England.  In modern usage, "the Marches" is often used to describe those English counties which lie along the border with Wales, particularly Shropshire and Herefordshire, and sometimes adjoining areas of Wales. However, at one time the Marches included all of the historic counties of Cheshire, Shropshire, Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Gloucestershire.
Kentucky literature
Kentucky literature did not become well known until the late 19th century, when authors such as James Lane Allen, John Fox, Jr., Alice Hegan Rice, and Annie Fellows Johnston brought light to the state's rich history and culture. As their literary works grew in popularity around the country and world, others began to take notice of all types of Kentucky literature, including works of fiction, nonfiction, poetry and the historical novel.

John Fox Jr.
John Fox Jr. (December 16, 1862 – July 8, 1919) was an American journalist, novelist, and short story writer. His home in Big Stone Gap, Virginia is a museum and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Several of his works were bestsellers and were adapted to films. He married an opera star. He was inducted into the Kentucky Writers Hall of Fame.
Neal Brown
Neal Brown (born March 11, 1980) is an American football coach and former player who is currently the head football coach at the University of North Texas. He previously served as the head coach at West Virginia University from 2019 to 2024 and Troy University from 2015 to 2018. Brown also previously served as the offensive coordinator at Troy (2008–2009), Texas Tech University (2010–2012), and the University of Kentucky (2013–2014).

Texas Tech Red Raiders football
The Texas Tech Red Raiders football program is a college football team that represents Texas Tech University (variously "TTU"). The Red Raiders competes as a member of the Big 12 Conference, which is a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The program began in 1925 and has an overall winning record, including a total of 12 conference titles and one conference division title. On November 8, 2021, Joey McGuire was hired as the team's 17th head football coach, replacing Matt Wells, who was fired in the middle of the 2021 season. Home games are played at Jones AT&T Stadium in Lubbock, Texas.
Olsi Krasniqi
Olsi Krasniqi (born 28 June 1992) is an Albanian former professional rugby league footballer who last played as a prop for the London Broncos in the Championship.

He previously played for Harlequins Rugby League in the Super League, and on loan from London at the London Skolars in League 1. Krasniqi played for the Salford Red Devils in the Super League, and on loan from Salford at the North Wales Crusaders in Kingstone Press League 1. He also played for the Toronto Wolfpack in the Championship, and on loan from Toronto at the Bradford Bulls in the Championship.

London Broncos
The London Broncos are a professional rugby league club based in Wimbledon, England. They play their home games at Plough Lane and compete in the Betfred Championship.

Whilst the club has never won a major trophy, they have finished second in the League Championship once and have been Challenge Cup runners-up once. They have also won the Championship Grand Final, to gain promotion to the Super League, on two occasions.

Originally formed as Fulham Rugby League Club in 1980, they have also previously been known as London Crusaders and Harlequins Rugby League. London's home colours are black, red and white.
Toyota Coaster
The Toyota Coaster (Japanese: トヨタ・コースター, Hepburn: Toyota Kōsutā) is a single-decker minibus produced by Toyota Motor Corporation. It was introduced in 1969, with the second generation introduced in 1982, followed by the third generation in 1992 and the fourth generation in late 2016. In Japan, the Coaster is sold exclusively at Toyota Store dealerships. Since 1996, the Toyota Coaster is also sold under the name Hino Liesse II.

In Japan, the Coaster was formerly produced by Toyota Auto Body at its Yoshiwara plant. In December 2016, after the launching of a revised Coaster, production was transferred to the Honsha plant of a Toyota Auto Body subsidiary, Gifu Auto Body.

A number of unlicensed clones of third generation Coasters have been (and are still) made in China, including Jiangnan Motors' JNQ5041/JNQ6601, Joylong Motors' HKL6700, Golden Dragon's XML6700 and Sunlong Bus' SLK6770.

Minibus
A minibus, microbus, minicoach, or short bus is a passenger-carrying motor vehicle that is designed to carry more people than a multi-purpose vehicle or minivan, but fewer people than a full-size bus. In the United Kingdom, the word "minibus" is used to describe any full-sized passenger-carrying van or panel truck. Minibuses have a seating capacity of between 12 and 30. Larger minibuses may be called midibuses. Minibuses are typically front-engine step-in vehicles, although low floor minibuses are particularly common in Japan.
Junior and Senior High School at Komaba, University of Tsukuba
Junior and Senior High School at Komaba, University of Tsukuba (筑波大学附属駒場中学校・高等学校) is a national boys' school located in Ikejiri, Setagaya, near Komaba. It is better known by the abbreviation Tsukukoma (筑駒). Tsukukoma is affiliated with the University of Tsukuba and offers a six-year secondary education program. Tsukukoma is the only national boys' school in Japan.

University of Tsukuba
The University of Tsukuba (筑波大学, Tsukuba daigaku) is a national research university located in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.

The university has 28 college clusters and schools with around 16,500 students (as of 2014). The main Tsukuba campus covers an area of 258 hectares (636 acres), making it the second largest single campus in Japan.

The university has a branch campus in Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, offering graduate programs for working adults in the capital and managing K-12 schools in Tokyo that are attached to the university.

Three Nobel Prize laurates have taught at the university, Leo Esaki, Hideki Shirakawa and Sin-Itiro Tomonaga. Apart from them, Satoshi Ōmura studied as an audit student.
Powerful number
A powerful number is a positive integer m such that for every prime number p dividing m, p2 also divides m. Equivalently, a powerful number is the product of a square and a cube, that is, a number m of the form m = a2b3, where a and b are positive integers. Paul Erdős and George Szekeres studied such numbers and Solomon W. Golomb named such numbers powerful. Powerful numbers are also known as squarefull, square-full, or 2-full. (Not to be confused with the term squareful, which refers to numbers that are not square-free.)

The following is a list of all powerful numbers between 1 and 1000:

1, 4, 8, 9, 16, 25, 27, 32, 36, 49, 64, 72, 81, 100, 108, 121, 125, 128, 144, 169, 196, 200, 216, 225, 243, 256, 288, 289, 324, 343, 361, 392, 400, 432, 441, 484, 500, 512, 529, 576, 625, 648, 675, 676, 729, 784, 800, 841, 864, 900, 961, 968, 972, 1000, ... (sequence A001694 in the OEIS).

Solomon W. Golomb
Solomon Wolf Golomb (/ɡəˈloʊm/ gə-LOHM; May 30, 1932 – May 1, 2016) was an American mathematician, engineer, and professor of electrical engineering at the University of Southern California, best known for his works on mathematical games. He most notably invented Cheskers (a hybrid between chess and checkers) in 1948. He also fully described polyominoes in 1953. He specialized in problems of combinatorial analysis, number theory, coding theory, and communications. Pentomino board games, based on his work, would go on to inspire Tetris.
India–Togo relations
India and Togo maintain diplomatic relations. Togo opened its embassy, now high commission, in New Delhi in October 2010. The High Commission of India in Accra, Ghana is concurrently accredited to Togo. India also maintains an Honorary Consulate General in Lomé.

Both India and Togo are Commonwealth countries.

Lomé
Lomé (UK: /ˈloʊmeɪ/ LOH-may, US: /loʊˈmeɪ/ loh-MAY) is the capital and largest city of Togo. It has an urban population of 837,437 while there were 2,188,376 permanent residents in its metropolitan area as of the 2022 census. Located on the Gulf of Guinea at the southwest corner of the country, with its entire western border along the easternmost edge of Ghana's Volta Region, Lomé is the country's administrative and industrial center, which includes an oil refinery. It is also the country's chief port, from where it exports coffee, cocoa, copra, and oil palm kernels.

Its city limits extends to the border with Ghana, located a few hundred meters west of the city center, to the Ghanaian city of Aflao and the South Ketu district where the city is situated, had 160,756 inhabitants in 2010. The cross-border agglomeration of which Lomé is the centre has about 2 million inhabitants as of 2020.
Hamza Abboud
Hamza Mustafa Abboud (Arabic: حمزة مصطفى عبود; born 1 November 1984) is a Lebanese footballer who plays as a right-back for Lebanese Second Division club Shabab Baalbeck.

Abboud played for Safa between 2008 and 2013, winning two league titles, one FA Cup, and two Elite Cups, as well as finishing runner-up in the 2008 AFC Cup. In 2013 he moved to Ansar, where he won an FA Cup, before joining Nejmeh in 2017, who sent him on loan to Nabi Chit. After one season on loan, Abboud stayed another season at Nabi Chit, who changed their name to Bekaa, before moving to Bourj in 2019. He joined Akhaa Ahli Aley in 2022 and Shabab Baalbeck in 2023.

Abboud also represented Lebanon internationally between 2009 and 2011, playing 10 games.

2008 AFC Cup
The 2008 AFC Cup was the fifth edition of the AFC Cup, played amongst clubs from nations of the AFC, who are considered to be 'developing countries' as per the 'Vision Asia' members paper of AFC President Mohamed Bin Hammam.

Al-Muharraq defeated Safa 10–5 on aggregate in the final, with Brazilian striker Rico scoring six of the clubs ten goals over the two legs. This marked the first time a club from Bahrain won an AFC Club competition. Both finalists initially qualified for the qualifying play-off round in the 2009 AFC Champions League, but were later demoted to the 2009 AFC Cup as neither clubs leagues met the AFC's Champions League criteria.

Shabab Al-Ordon were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the group stage of the competition.