hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
August Dreesbach
Hermann Josef August Dreesbach (13 August 1844 – 25 November 1906) was a German shop owner, concentrating on cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products, who became a  political agitator and then a politician, a political journalist and a pioneer of what became the country's  Social Democratic Party (SPD).   As Bismarck's contentious  anti-Socialist Laws were allowed to lapse during 1890, Dreesbach was elected to membership of the ”Reichstag” (imperial parliament) in Berlin in February 1890, representing the electoral district of Mannheim.   He remained a member, albeit with a break between 1893 and 1898, until his death, by which time he was among the best known of the  SPD leaders on the national stage. It was estimated that 30,000 people took part in his funeral and cremation ceremonies, conducted in Mannheim on 2 December 1906.

1890 German federal election
Federal elections were held in Germany on 20 February 1890. The Centre Party regained its position as the largest party in the Reichstag by winning 107 of the 397 seats, whilst the National Liberal Party, formerly the largest party, was reduced to 38 seats.

Contemporaries remarked on the striking increase in the vote share of the Social Democratic Party. However, despite receiving the most votes, the Social Democratic Party won only 35 seats. Voter turnout was 71.5%.
Sean Wilentz
Robert Sean Wilentz (/wɪˈlɛnts/; born February 20, 1951) is an American historian who serves as the George Henry Davis 1886 Professor of American History at Princeton University, where he has taught since 1979. His primary research interests include U.S. social, civic, and political history in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. He has written several award-winning books and articles, including The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln, which was awarded the Bancroft Prize and was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for History.

Bancroft Prize
The Bancroft Prize is awarded each year by the trustees of Columbia University for books about diplomacy or the history of the Americas.

It was established in 1948, with a bequest from Frederic Bancroft, in his memory and that of his brother, diplomat and attorney, Edgar Addison Bancroft.

The Bancroft Prize has been generally considered to be among the most prestigious awards in the field of American history writing. It comes with a $10,000 stipend (raised from $4,000 beginning in 2004). Seventeen winners had their work supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities, and 16 winners were also recipients of the Pulitzer Prize for History.

Following independent investigations, the Bancroft Prize was rescinded from Michael A. Bellesiles after he had received it in 2000.
Molly Malone
"Molly Malone" (Roud 16932; also known as "Cockles and Mussels" or "In Dublin's Fair City") is a song set in Dublin, Ireland, which has become the city's unofficial anthem.

A statue representing Molly Malone, designed by Dublin artist Jeanne Rynhart, was unveiled on Grafton Street during the 1988 Dublin Millennium celebrations by then Lord Mayor of Dublin, Ben Briscoe. In July 2014, the statue was relocated to Suffolk Street, in front of the Tourist Information Office, to make way for Luas track-laying work at the old location.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Bourgeois Government
The Bourgeois Government (Regering-Bourgeois) was the Flemish Government formed following the 2014 Flemish Parliament election. The cabinet consisted of a centre-right coalition of the nationalist New Flemish Alliance (N-VA), the Christian Democratic and Flemish party (CD&V) and the Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats (Open Vld). It had a large majority in the Flemish Parliament and the main opposition parties were the Socialist Party (sp.a), which had been part of nearly all previous governments in recent history, and the Green party.

As Flemish Minister-President Geert Bourgeois was elected to sit in the European Parliament following the 2019 European Parliament election in Belgium, he vacated his place in the government to fellow N-VA member Liesbeth Homans, who was sworn in on 2 July 2019 to lead the interim Homans Government composed of the same parties, as a new coalition based on the 2019 Belgian regional elections had not yet been formed.

Christian Democratic and Flemish
Christian Democratic and Flemish (Dutch: Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams, pronounced [ˌkrɪstə(n)deːmoːˈkraːtis ɛɱ ˈvlaːms] ⓘ; CD&V) is a Flemish Christian-democratic political party in Belgium. The party has historical ties to both trade unionism (ACV) and trade associations (UNIZO) and the Farmer's League. Until 2001, the party was named the Christian People's Party (Christelijke Volkspartij [ˈkrɪstələkə ˈvɔlkspɑrˌtɛi], CVP).

It was traditionally the largest political party of Flanders, until it was overtaken by the New Flemish Alliance (N-VA) in the 2010s. CD&V participated in most governments and has generally the largest number of mayors. Most prime ministers of Belgium and minister-presidents of Flanders have been CD&V politicians. Herman Van Rompuy, the president of the European Council from 2009 to 2014, is one of the leading politicians of CD&V.

CD&V is a member of the European People's Party (EPP) and Centrist Democrat International.
Munro baronets of Lindertis (1825)
The Munro baronetcy, of Lindertis in the County of Forfar, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 6 August 1825 for the soldier and colonial administrator Thomas Munro. He was a major general in the Army and served as Governor of Madras between 1820 and 1827.

The Munro Baronets of Linderits descend from the Munros of Culcraggie, a cadet branch of the Clan Munro who descend from George Munro, 10th Baron of Foulis.

Sir Thomas Munro, 1st Baronet
Major-General Sir Thomas Munro, 1st Baronet KCB (27 May 1761 – 6 July 1827) was a Scottish soldier and British colonial administrator. He served as an East India Company Army officer and statesman, in addition to also being the governor of Madras Presidency.
Ýaýlym Berdiýew
Major General Ýaýlym Ýagmyrowiç Berdiýew (born 1972) is a Turkmen general and politician who has served as the minister of national security and as the secretary of the State Security Council of Turkmenistan. He previously also served as the minister of defense of Turkmenistan from 2015 to 2018.

Ministry of Defense (Turkmenistan)
The Ministry of Defense of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Goranmak ministrligi) is a government agency under the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan which is the executive body in implementing defence policies in Turkmenistan. The current Minister of Defense is Major General Begenç Gündogdyýew. It was founded in January 1992 with the assistance of the Russian Armed Forces.

At its formation, most of the ethnic Turkmen employees were retired Soviet officials and members of the Communist Party of the Turkmen SSR, with other officials coming from small backgrounds such as chief of staff Annamurat Soltanov who had served in Afghanistan and Begdzhan Niyazov who had a career in law enforcement prior to his rising to his position.
The Night I Fell in Love (song)
"The Night I Fell in Love" is a song by English synth-pop duo Pet Shop Boys on their 2002 album, Release. The lyrics were written by Neil Tennant and the music was co-written with Chris Lowe. The song describes a sexual encounter between a gay fan and his rap music idol, who is modeled after Eminem.

Release (Pet Shop Boys album)
Release is the eighth studio album by English synth-pop duo Pet Shop Boys, released on 1 April 2002 by Parlophone/EMI. It was recorded between 2000 and 2001, primarily written and produced by the duo, with the exception of the song "London", which was co-written and produced by Chris Zippel. The album produced three singles: "Home and Dry", "I Get Along", and "London", the latter of which was only released in continental Europe. Release reached number seven on the UK Albums Chart and number three in Germany, and it received mixed-to-positive reviews from critics.
Trimmu Barrage
Trimmu Barrage is a barrage on the River Chenab in Jhang District of the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is situated downstream of the confluence of the Jhelum and Chenab rivers. It is situated some 25 kilometres (16 mi) from the city of Jhang near the city of Athara Hazari where the River Jhelum flows into the River Chenab. It was one of the 7 link canals to be built under the Indus Water Plan of Pakistan. Pakistan created this plan after concluding the Indus Water Treaty with India. Trimmu Barrage is used to control water flow into the River Chenab for irrigation and flood control.

Chenab River
The Chenab River is a major river in India and Pakistan, and one of the five major rivers associated with the Punjab region. It is formed by the union of two headwaters, the Chandra and Bhaga, which rise in the upper Himalayas in the Lahaul region of Himachal Pradesh, India. The Chenab then flows through the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir, India, into the plains of Punjab, Pakistan, where it joins the Sutlej River to form the Panjnad, which ultimately flows into the Indus River at Mithankot.

The waters of the Chenab were allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty. India is allowed non-consumptive uses such as power generation. The Chenab River is extensively used in Pakistan for irrigation. Its waters are also transferred to the channel of the Ravi River via numerous link canals.
Ron Atkinson
Ronald Frederick Atkinson (born 18 March 1939) is an English former football player and manager. Nicknamed "Big Ron", he was regarded as one of Britain's best-known football pundits in the 1990s and early 2000s.

Nicknamed "The Tank" during his playing career, he represented Oxford United for twelve years, and still holds the club record for appearances. As a manager, he won the FA Cup with Manchester United in 1983 and 1985 and the Football League Cup with Sheffield Wednesday in 1991 and Aston Villa in 1994.

1982–83 FA Cup
The 1982–83 FA Cup was the 102nd season of the world's oldest football knockout competition, The Football Association Challenge Cup, or FA Cup for short. The competition was won by Manchester United, who drew the first final 2–2, but won the replay 4–0.
Enzyme-thiol transhydrogenase (glutathione-disulfide)
In enzymology, an enzyme-thiol transhydrogenase (glutathione-disulfide) (EC 1.8.4.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

[xanthine dehydrogenase] + glutathione disulfide  [xanthine oxidase] + 2 glutathione

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are xanthine dehydrogenase and glutathione disulfide, whereas its two products are xanthine oxidase and glutathione.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on a sulfur group of donors with a disulfide as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is [xanthine-dehydrogenase]:glutathione-disulfide S-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include [xanthine-dehydrogenase]:oxidized-glutathione S-oxidoreductase, enzyme-thiol transhydrogenase (oxidized-glutathione), glutathione-dependent thiol:disulfide oxidoreductase, and thiol:disulfide oxidoreductase.  This enzyme participates in glutathione metabolism.

Glutathione
Glutathione (GSH, /ˌɡluːtəˈθaɪoʊn/) is a small protein made of the amino acids glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. It is an antioxidant in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria and archaea. Glutathione is capable of preventing damage to important cellular components caused by sources such as reactive oxygen species, free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides, and heavy metals.

It is synthesized by attaching cysteine to the carboxyl group of the glutamate side chain with a gamma peptide linkage, and to glycine with a normal peptide linkage.
Ernest M. Wright
Ernest Marshall Wright FRS (born 1940) is an Irish-born American physiologist.  He is primarily known for his work on the mechanisms of glucose-sodium co-transporters in intestinal and other tissues in humans and animals.

Jared Diamond
Jared Mason Diamond (born September 10, 1937) is an American scientist, historian, and author. He has written hundreds of scientific and popular articles and books, most notably Guns, Germs, and Steel (1997), which received multiple awards, including the 1998 Pulitzer Prize for general nonfiction. In 2005, Diamond was ranked ninth on a poll by Prospect and Foreign Policy of the world's top 100 public intellectuals.

Originally trained in biochemistry and physiology, Diamond has published in many fields, including anthropology, ecology, geography, and evolutionary biology. In 1985, he received a MacArthur Genius Grant and in 1999, the National Medal of Science, an honor bestowed by the President of the United States and the National Science Foundation. He was a professor of geography at UCLA until his retirement in 2024. Anthropologists have criticized his work as “shallow,” saying he overemphasizes geography and climate.
Sete Cidades Massif
Sete Cidades Massif is a stratovolcanic complex, referring to a polygenetic volcano and caldera, located in western part of the island of São Miguel, in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. More recognizable for the Lagoa das Sete Cidades at its centre, the volcanic complex includes centuries of geomorphological structures that include lava domes, cones, lava flows and maar geomorphology that have marked its history.

Volcanic cone
Volcanic cones are among the simplest volcanic landforms. They are built by ejecta from a volcanic vent, piling up around the vent in the shape of a cone with a central crater. Volcanic cones are of different types, depending upon the nature and size of the fragments ejected during the eruption. Types of volcanic cones include stratocones, spatter cones, tuff cones, and cinder cones.
Petone FC
Petone FC is an  association football club in Petone, New Zealand. The club provides football for men, women and children. The club's men's first team competes in the Men's Central League with the women's first team competing in the Women's Central League. The club is based at Memorial Park in the Lower Hutt suburb of Petone.

Central League (New Zealand)
The Central League, known as the Dettol Central League for sponsorship reasons, is a competition run by the Capital Football for association football clubs located in the southern and central parts of the North Island. It is a New Zealand top-tier competition during the winter season, and sits at step two under the National League.
Rubens tube
A Rubens tube, also known as a standing wave flame tube, or simply flame tube, is a physics apparatus for  demonstrating acoustic standing waves in a tube.  Invented by German physicist Heinrich Rubens in 1905, it graphically shows the relationship between sound waves and sound pressure, as a primitive oscilloscope.  Today, it is used only occasionally, typically as a demonstration in physics education.

Sound
Sound is a phenomenon in which pressure disturbances propagate through a transmission medium. In the context of physics, it is characterised as a mechanical wave of pressure or related quantities (e.g. displacement), whereas in physiological-psychological contexts it refers to the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Though sensitivity to sound varies among all organisms, the human ear is sensitive to frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Examples of the significance and application of sound include music, medical imaging techniques, oral language and parts of science.
Sydir Holubovych
Sydir Holubovych (Ukrainian: Сидір Голубович; 6 March 1873 - 12 January 1938) was a Ukrainian politician and lawyer who most notably served Head of the Council of State Secretaries of West Ukrainian People's Republic (ZUNR) under Yevhen Petrushevych, which was equivalent to the post of Prime Minister, from 4 January to 9 June 1919. During the ZUNR, he also was State Secretary of Justice and State Secretary of Finance, Trade, and Industry, both of which were equivalent to ministry positions. Prior to the establishment of ZUNR, he served as a deputy both to the Imperial Council and Galician Diet.

Diet of Galicia and Lodomeria
The Diet of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, and of the Grand Duchy of Cracow was the regional assembly of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, a crown land of the Austrian Empire, and later Austria-Hungary. In the history of the Polish parliaments, it is considered the successor of the former sejm walny, or general sejm of the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and also of the sejmik, or local councils, in the territories of the Austrian Partition. It existed from 1861 until the dissolution of Austria-Hungary in 1918.
Instant Wigwam and Igloo Mixture
Instant Wigwam and Igloo Mixture is the debut album by the band Go-Kart Mozart.  It was released in 1999 on West Midlands Records, a subsidiary of Cherry Red.  It was former Felt and Denim frontman Lawrence's first album under the alias Go Kart Mozart.  Its cover features a shot of Birmingham's Bull Ring Centre as built in 1964, shortly before it was redeveloped.

The track "Today" is an instrumental cover of the song "Windy", renamed in homage to the Today show hosted by Bill Grundy, which had used it as its theme tune.

Elefant Records released a version in Spain with an exclusive song, "Elephant Trunk," between "Today" and "Wear Your Foghat with Pride."

Windy (song)
"Windy" is a pop song written by Ruthann Friedman and recorded by the Association. The song reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 in July 1967, becoming the group's second U.S. No. 1 hit following "Cherish" in 1966. Billboard ranked the record as the No. 4 song for 1967.

The lead vocals were sung primarily by guitarist and new band member Larry Ramos along with vocalist Russ Giguere (both would sing lead together in the band's last Top 40 hit "Time for Livin'").  Ramos, who was of Filipino descent, was one of the few Asian-American lead singers at the time to have a number one hit single.
Walter Montagu-Douglas-Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch
Walter Francis Montagu-Douglas-Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch, 7th Duke of Queensberry (25 November 1806 – 16 April 1884), styled Lord Eskdail between 1808 and 1812 and Earl of Dalkeith between 1812 and 1819, was a prominent Scottish nobleman, landowner and politician. He was Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal from 1842 to 1846 and Lord President of the Council.

James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
General James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch, KG, PC (9 April 1649 – 15 July 1685) was an English Army officer and courtier. Originally called James Crofts or James Fitzroy, he was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlands, the eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England with his mistress Lucy Walter.

The Duke of Monmouth served in the Second Anglo-Dutch War and commanded English troops taking part in the Third Anglo-Dutch War before commanding the Anglo-Dutch brigade fighting in the Franco-Dutch War. He led the unsuccessful Monmouth Rebellion in 1685, an attempt to depose his uncle King James II and VII. After one of his officers declared Monmouth the legitimate king in the town of Taunton in Somerset, Monmouth attempted to capitalise on his Protestantism and his position as the son of Charles II, in opposition to James, who had become a Roman Catholic. The rebellion failed, and Monmouth was beheaded for treason on 15 July 1685.
Henry Richard Abadie
Major-General Henry Richard Abadie CB (25 March 1841 – 9 May 1915) was a British Army officer. He was GOC (General officer commanding) Eastern District at the end of the 19th century and the Lieutenant Governor of Jersey for four years thereafter.

Lieutenant Governor of Jersey
The lieutenant governor of Jersey (Jèrriais: Gouvèrneux d'Jèrri, "Governor of Jersey"), properly styled the lieutenant-governor of Jersey (French: Lieutenant-Gouverneur de Jersey), is the representative of the British monarch in the Bailiwick of Jersey, a dependency of the British Crown.

Presently, there is no governor of Jersey (French: Gouverneur de Jersey), the role having devolved its responsibilities onto the lieutenant governors and then been discontinued in 1854. The position of lieutenant governor is now itself largely ceremonial, with day-to-day responsibility over most functions of government overseen by the Chief Minister of Jersey and judicial and certain other official matters overseen by the Bailiff of Jersey.
Pieter Corbeels
Pieter Corbeels (12 March 1755 – 21 June 1799) was a book printer from the Austrian Netherlands a rebel when the area became part of France. He was a founder of the publishing company Brepols. He commanded part of the Brabantine forces during a revolt against the French Revolutionary regime known as the Boerenkrijg ("Peasants' War"). He was executed for his role in the war.

Peasants' War (1798)
The Peasants' War (French: Guerre des Paysans; Dutch: Boerenkrijg; German: Klöppelkrieg; Luxembourgish: Klëppelkrich) was a peasant revolt in 1798 against the French Republican occupiers of the Southern Netherlands, a region which now includes Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of Germany. The French had annexed the region in 1795 and control of the region was officially ceded to the French after the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797. The revolt is considered part of the French Revolutionary Wars.
Motocross Madness (2013 video game)
Motocross Madness is a motocross racing video game that was developed by Austrian studio Bongfish and published by Microsoft Studios. It was released on April 10, 2013 on Xbox Live Arcade. It is a sequel to two Microsoft Windows games, 1998's Motocross Madness and 2000's Motocross Madness 2, which were developed by Rainbow Studios, who have since moved on to making the MX vs. ATV series.

The game received "mixed or average" reviews according to review aggregator Metacritic, and holds a score of 73 out of 100. It was delisted from Xbox Live in August 2016. Reviewers found the gameplay engaging, but reception to the inclusion of Xbox 360 avatars was mixed. Critics were mostly unified in saying that the game was a good value for its 800 Microsoft Point cost.

Microsoft Points
Microsoft Points, introduced in November 2005 as Xbox Live Points, were a digital currency issued by Microsoft for use on its Xbox and Zune product lines. Points could be used to purchase video games and downloadable content from Xbox Live Marketplace, digital content such as music and videos on Zune Marketplace, along with content from Windows Live Gallery.

In June 2013, Microsoft announced that it would phase out Microsoft Points by the end of 2013, in favor of using local cash currencies (such as the United States dollar and Euro) on its digital distribution platforms. An Xbox 360 software update implementing this change was released on August 26, 2013; users' existing Microsoft Points were converted into an equivalent amount of local currency for purchases.