hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sporodophoron
Sporodophoron is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Arthoniaceae. It includes four corticolous (bark-dwelling) crustose lichen species. Sporodophoron is uniquely characterised by the formation of fruiting structures called sporodochia, which are open conidiomata in the form of tufts of conidiophores on the thallus. Although these lichens bear a strong resemblance to Inoderma, another genus within the same family, Sporodophoron's distinct chemical makeup sets it apart from its lichen relatives. Collectively, the genus has a widespread geographical distribution in the Northern Hemisphere, with species found in distinct habitats in North America, Europe, Japan, and the Russian Far East.

Inoderma
Inoderma is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Arthoniaceae. First named by Erik Acharius in 1810 and formally published at genus rank by Samuel Frederick Gray in 1821, the genus was resurrected in 2015 for a small group of species characterised by elevated, white frost-like pycnidia (asexual fruiting bodies) and white-dusted apothecia (sexual fruiting bodies). These lichens typically form broad, pale whitish to light olive-grey patches on bark or other substrates, partnering with the orange-pigmented green alga Trentepohlia as their photosynthetic partner. The genus comprises seven described species, most of which are bark-dwelling lichens of long-undisturbed, old-tree woodland, including old-growth temperate forests. It has a mainly temperate distribution across the Northern Hemisphere and Australasia, with one species known from afromontane rainforest in East Africa.
Progressive Democratic Party of Guadeloupe
The Progressive Democratic Party of Guadeloupe (French: Parti progressiste démocratique guadeloupéen, PPDG) is a democratic socialist political party in the French overseas department of Guadeloupe. It was founded by former members of the Guadeloupe Communist Party in 1991, following the events of 1989-1991.

Guadeloupe Communist Party
The Guadeloupe Communist Party (French: Parti communiste guadeloupéen, PCG) is a political party in the French overseas department of Guadeloupe. The party publishes the newspaper Etincelle (meaning "Spark").
Georgios Panas
Georgios Panas (Greek: Γεώργιος Πανάς; Kranio, Cephalonia, 1 January 1876 – Athens, 6 August 1939) was a senior Greek Navy officer who fought in the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913, World War I, and the Asia Minor Campaign, and served as Chief of the Hellenic Navy General Staff in 1928–31, and briefly minister in the Alexandros Othonaios emergency government in March 1933.

Alexandros Othonaios
Alexandros Othonaios (Greek: Αλέξανδρος Οθωναίος; c. 1879 – 20 September 1970) was a distinguished Greek general, who became briefly the acting Prime Minister of Greece, heading an emergency government during an abortive coup d'état in 1933.
Market East (Philadelphia)
Philadelphia portal

Market East is part of the downtown district known as Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The area is generally bounded by Arch Street to the north, Chestnut Street to the south, Juniper Street to the west, and 6th Street at Independence Mall West to the east. The area serves as one of the major retail centers and home to the Pennsylvania Convention Center.

Pennsylvania Convention Center
39°57′18″N 75°09′37″W﻿ / ﻿39.95494°N 75.16015°W﻿ / 39.95494; -75.16015

The Pennsylvania Convention Center is a multi-use public facility in the Market East section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, designed to accommodate conventions, exhibitions, conferences and other events. The L-shaped complex occupies four city blocks.
27 passports
27 passports is a 2018 album by the Dutch band The Ex. It is the group's first studio album in five years since Enormous Door, their 2013 collaboration with Brass Unbound, and The Ex's first album of all new material since 2010's Catch My Shoe.

Enormous Door
Enormous Door is an album by Dutch post-punk band The Ex and Brass Unbound, a quartet of horn players hailing from four different countries. The album was released in 2013 on The Ex's own label, comprising reworked versions of previously released songs and alongside entirely new material.
Adolf Würth
Adolf Würth also spelled Wuerth (/wuːrth/woor-th February 7, 1909 – December 14, 1954) was a German businessman. In 1945, he founded what today is known as Würth Group, the world's largest industrial screw distributor. He is the father of Reinhold Würth.

Reinhold Würth
Reinhold Würth (born 20 April 1935) is a German businessman and art collector. In 1954, at the age of 19, he took over his father's wholesale screw business and built it into the Würth Group, which posted €19.9 billion (US$21.68 billion) in sales in 2022.

Since the 1960s, Würth has collected art. As of 2021, the collection contains over 18,300 works, specialising in art created from the late 19th century to today.

He is married with three children and lives in Künzelsau, Germany.

As of November 2024, Forbes estimated Würth's net worth at $33.6 billion, the world's 45th-richest person.
Sweet, Idaho
Sweet is an unincorporated community in Gem County, Idaho, United States. It is located in open countryside 10 mi (16 km) northeast of Emmett,  along a county highway 8 miles due north of its intersection with State Highway 52.

Emmett, Idaho
Emmett is a city in Gem County, Idaho, United States. The population was 7,647 at the 2020 census, up from 6,557 in 2010.  It is the county seat and the only city in the county. Emmett is part of the Boise metropolitan area.
SOCOM 3 U.S. Navy SEALs
SOCOM 3 U.S. Navy SEALs is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by Zipper Interactive and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It is the sequel to SOCOM II U.S. Navy SEALs.

The online servers for this game, along with other PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable SOCOM titles, were shut down on August 31, 2012.

SOCOM II U.S. Navy SEALs
SOCOM II U.S. Navy SEALs is a tactical third-person shooter video game developed by Zipper Interactive and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2. It is the sequel to SOCOM U.S. Navy SEALs.

The online servers for this game, along with other PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable SOCOM titles, were shut down on August 31, 2012.
No More Heroes (album)
No More Heroes is the second album by the English rock band the Stranglers. It was released on 23 September 1977, through record label United Artists in most of the world and A&M in the United States, five months after their debut album, Rattus Norvegicus. It reached number 2 in the UK Album Charts and was certified gold there.

In 2000 it was voted number 427 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums.

Rattus Norvegicus (album)
Rattus Norvegicus (also known as The Stranglers IV) is the debut studio album by English rock band the Stranglers, released on 15 April 1977.

It was one of the highest-selling albums of the punk era in Britain, eventually achieving platinum record sales. Two of its tracks, "Peaches" and "(Get A) Grip (On Yourself)", were released as 7-inch singles in the UK.
Special Class for the Gifted Young
The Special Class for the Gifted Young (SCGY, Chinese: 少年班) is a program aimed to select gifted young students to enter the universities in China. First established in 1978 at the University of Science and Technology of China, it was a major innovation in China's higher education. Eminent scientists including Tsung-Dao Lee, C. N. Yang, and Samuel C. C. Ting proposed creating the program, and the then Vice-premier of the State Council Fang Yi backed it. The objective of the class is to explore the most efficient ways to nurture promising youth. Peking University, Tsinghua University, Nanjing University, Wuhan University, Jilin University, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology also launched similar programs. But they were all shut down for all kinds of reasons. Currently, only the University of Science and Technology of China and Xi'an Jiaotong University still have this program.

University of Science and Technology of China
The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) is a public university in Hefei, Anhui, China. It is owned by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and co-funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Education of China, and the Anhui Provincial Government. It is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

The university was founded in Beijing by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in September 1958. In the beginning of 1970, the university moved to Hefei during the Cultural Revolution. The university has 13 schools, 11 national research platforms, 8 science-education integration colleges, and 5 joint cooperative institutes with local governments. The university is a member of the C9 League.
Phetphuthai Sitsarawatseua
Phetphutai Sitsarawatseua (เพชรภูไท ศิษย์สารวัตรเสือ) is a Thai Muay Thai fighter. He currently trains out of Petchkiatpetch Gym alongside View Petchkoson. He formerly trained at Sitsarawatseua gym in Samut Prakan alongside Kompetch, Wanchainoi, and Kongsuk Sitsarawatseua.

Wanchainoi Sitsarawatseur
Wanchai Chaingama (Thai: ???; born November 3, 2001), known professionally as Wanchainoi Sitsarawatseur (Thai: วันชัยน้อย ศิษย์สารวัตรเสือ) is a Thai Muay Thai fighter and musician. He is a former Lumpinee Stadium Light Flyweight Champion, Thailand Flyweight Champion, and Channel 7 Stadium Bantamweight Champion.

As of October 2024, he is ranked #3 at Bantamweight according to both the WMO and Combat Press.
Bracknell Forest Council
Bracknell Forest Council, also known as Bracknell Forest Borough Council, is the local authority for Bracknell Forest, a local government district with borough status in Berkshire, England. Since 1998, the council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council. The council is currently in no overall control, operating as a minority Labour administration since 2025. It is based at Time Square in Bracknell.

Bracknell Forest
Bracknell Forest is a borough with unitary status in Berkshire, England, centred on the two towns of Bracknell and Sandhurst. It also includes the villages of Crowthorne and also includes the areas of North Ascot, Binfield, Warfield, and Winkfield. The borough borders the Berkshire boroughs of Wokingham and the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead, and also parts of Surrey and Hampshire.
Niwase Domain
Niwase Domain (庭瀬藩, Niwase-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now central Okayama Prefecture. It controlled a small portion of eastern Bitchū Province and was centered around Niwase jin'ya in what is now Kita-ku, Okayama. It was ruled for most its history by a branch of the Itakura clan. It was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Okayama Prefecture.Inukai Tsuyoshi, who became Prime Minister of Japan, was from Niwase Domain.

Han system
Han (Japanese: 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Han or Bakufu-han (daimyo domain) served as a system of de facto administrative divisions of Japan alongside the de jure provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s.
Disk utility
A disk utility is a utility focused on the functionality of computer disks. A disk utility may support one or more of the following capabilities: disk partitioning, logical volume management, changing drive letters and other mount points, renaming volumes, disk checking, and disk formatting. Typically, an operating system (OS) includes a disk utility for basic operations, and often other utilities are available for an OS.

CHKDSK
CHKDSK (short for "check disk") is a shell command that verifies the data integrity of the file system on a volume (usually a partition) and attempts to fix logical errors – software-level problems with a filesystem (or its metadata) as a result of prior software malfunction (e.g. crashes) or irregular use (e.g. hard resets). Logical errors are contrasted with and usually less severe than hardware-level errors, which can not be fixed with CHKDSK and may instead require specialized data recovery software or hardware service or replacement. Although the name ends with "DSK" as an abbreviation for "disk", the command supports storage media other than disk-based.

The command is available in 
DOS,
Windows,
FlexOS,
4690 OS,
OS/2,
DR DOS 6.0,
and FreeDOS.

CHKDSK is similar to the fsck command in Unix and similar to Microsoft ScanDisk, which co-existed with CHKDSK in Windows 9x and MS-DOS 6.x.
2018 Australian ball-tampering scandal
The 2018 Australian ball-tampering scandal, also known as Sandpapergate, was a cricket cheating scandal surrounding the Australian national cricket team. In March 2018, during the third Test match against South Africa at Newlands in Cape Town, Cameron Bancroft was caught by television cameras trying to rough up one side of the ball with sandpaper to make it swing in flight. Captain Steve Smith and vice-captain David Warner were found to be involved and both received unprecedented sanctions from Cricket Australia. Although he was found not to have been directly involved, Australia's coach, Darren Lehmann, announced he would step down from his role following the scandal. Smith was replaced by Tim Paine as captain in all formats before Aaron Finch took over from Paine in ODIs and T20Is.

Ball tampering
In the sport of cricket, ball tampering is an action in which a fielder illegally alters the condition of the ball. The primary motivation of ball tampering is to interfere with the aerodynamics of the ball to aid swing bowling.
Telephone numbers in the Soviet Union
The telephone numbering plan of the USSR was a set of telephone area codes, numbers and dialing rules, which operated in the Soviet Union until the 1990s. After the collapse of the USSR, many newly independent republics implemented their own numbering plans. However, many of the principles of the Soviet numbering plan still remain. The former Soviet country code 7 is still retained by Russia and Kazakhstan.

Telephone numbers in Kazakhstan
Telephone numbers in Kazakhstan are regulated by the Telecommunications Committee of the Ministry of Digital Development, Innovations, and Aerospace Industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan, and administered by telecommunication providers, such as Kazakhtelecom, a state-backed and the largest national operator.

Kazakhstan shares country code 7 with Russia since its independence in 1991. In 2021, ITU reserved the code 997 for Kazakhstan. While the country planned to activate it by January 2023, it was decided to keep country code 7.
Evarcha zimbabwensis
Evarcha zimbabwensis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Evarcha that lives in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Its specific name is derived from the place where it was first found. The spider has a carapace, the hard upper part of the cephalothorax, that is between 2.3 and 2.7 mm (0.09 and 0.11 in) long and an abdomen. that is between 2.3 and 2.6 mm (0.10 in) long. Its carapace is generally brownish with a darker eye field. The abdomen has a light brown pattern on a greyish-brown background. The male has distinctive copulatory organs with a long thin embolus and a forked the end to the spike, or apophysis, on its palpal tibia. The shape of the latter helps distinguish the species from the otherwise similar similar Evarcha patagiata. The first examples of the spider were described in 2008 by Wanda Wesołowska and Meg Cumming.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Red Bull Arena (Leipzig)
Red Bull Arena (German pronunciation: [ɹɛt ˈbʊl ʔaˌʁeːna]; formerly Zentralstadion German pronunciation: [tsɛnˈtʁaːlˌʃtaːdi̯ɔn] ⓘ) is a football stadium located in Leipzig, Saxony, Germany, in the Zentrum-Nordwest locality. It is the largest football stadium in Eastern Germany, and has also hosted music concerts as well as football.

Opened in 2004, it is currently the home stadium for Bundesliga club RB Leipzig, with FC Sachsen Leipzig having previously used the stadium from its opening until 2009. Due to UEFA sponsorship regulations, the stadium is known as the RB Arena for European matches.

FC Sachsen Leipzig
FC Sachsen Leipzig was a German football club from the Leutzsch district of Leipzig, Saxony. The club continued the traditions of BSG Chemie Leipzig. The club officially dissolved in 2011. Although several successor sides were established, only one survived, the BSG Chemie Leipzig. The name Sachsen Leipzig was revived in 2014 by amateur football club LFV Sachsen Leipzig.
John P. Angelos
John P. Angelos (born May 14, 1967) is an American businessman who ran the Baltimore Orioles from 2020 until its sale to David Rubenstein in 2024, leading the club's front office and overseeing day-to-day business operations. Previously, he served as the Orioles' COO and executive vice president, a position he held since 1999. He also served as president and chief operating officer of the Mid-Atlantic Sports Network (MASN), overseeing the network's business operations. Angelos is the elder son of Baltimore Orioles owner Peter Angelos.

MASN
Mid-Atlantic Sports Network (MASN) is an American regional sports network owned by the Baltimore Orioles. Headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland, the channel broadcasts regional coverage of sports events in the Washington, D.C., and Baltimore metropolitan areas.

MASN is available on approximately 23 cable and fiber optic television providers in Maryland, the District of Columbia, Virginia, eastern and central North Carolina, West Virginia, south central Pennsylvania and Delaware (on providers such as Comcast, Cox Communications, RCN, Mediacom, and Verizon Fios, covering an area stretching from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania to Charlotte, North Carolina); it is also available nationwide on satellite via DirecTV.
Orstkhoy
The Orstkhoy, historically commonly known under their exonyms: Karabulaks, Balsu, Baloy, are a historical ethnoterritorial society among the Chechen and Ingush peoples. Their homeland is in the upper reaches of the Assa and Fortanga rivers in the historical region of Orstkhoy-Mokhk (the Sernovodsky District and the border part of the Achkhoy-Martanovsky District of the Chechen Republic, Russia, as well as most of the Sunzhensky District of Ingushetia). In the tradition of the Chechen ethno-hierarchy, it is considered one of the nine historical Chechen tukkhums, in the Ingush tradition as one of the seven historical Ingush shahars.

Chechens
The Chechens (/ˈtʃɛtʃɛnz, tʃəˈtʃɛnz/ CHETCH-enz, chə-CHENZ; Chechen: Нохчий, Noxçiy, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. They are the largest ethnic group in the region and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy (pronounced [no̞xtʃʼiː]; singular Nokhchi, Nokhcho, Nakhchuo or Nakhche). The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Chechnya, an autonomous republic within the Russian Federation.

The North Caucasus has been invaded numerous times throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chechen community ethos and helped shape its national character.

Chechen society is largely egalitarian and organized around tribal autonomous local clans, called teips, informally organized into loose confederations called tukkhums.
Cachisca Lake
Cachisca Lake is a body of water in the Broadback River watershed in the Eeyou Istchee James Bay (municipality) area of the Nord-du-Québec, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. This lake is part of the territory of Assinica Wildlife Sanctuary and Turgis Township.

Forestry is the main economic activity of the sector. Recreational tourism activities come second.

The nearest forest road is located 50.3 kilometres (31.3 mi) south-east of the lake, the road skirting Mount Opémisca from the north; this road joins towards the south the route 113 (connecting Lebel-sur-Quévillon and Chibougamau) and the Canadian National Railway.

The surface of Cachisca Lake is usually frozen from early November to mid-May, however, safe ice movement is generally from mid-November to mid-April.

Broadback River
The Broadback River (French: Rivière Broadback) (In Cree: Chistamiskau Sipi) is a river in northern Quebec, Canada. It drains into Rupert Bay (a smaller bay at the south end of James Bay), just south of the Rupert River and Cree community Waskaganish. The major lake on the river's course is Lake Evans.

The river is a popular canoe-tripping destination.
Guthorm Sigurdsson
Guthormr or Guttormr was according to traditions current in Iceland in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, a noble of Danish origin operating in Norway and the maternal uncle of Norway's first king, Harald Fairhair. By various sources he is said to have been the son of Sigurd Hart, brother of Ragnhild Sigurdsdotter and the descendant of Ragnar Lodbrok. Several sources gives him the title dux and hertỏga both meaning "duke".

Ragnar Lodbrok
Ragnar Lodbrok (Old Norse: Ragnarr loðbrók, lit. 'Ragnar hairy-breeches'), according to legends, was a Viking hero and a Swedish and Danish king.

He is known from Old Norse poetry of the Viking Age, Icelandic sagas, and near-contemporary chronicles. According to traditional literature, Ragnar distinguished himself by conducting many raids against the British Isles and the Carolingian Empire during the 9th century. He also appears in Norse legends, and according to the legendary sagas Tale of Ragnar's Sons and a Saga about Certain Ancient Kings, Ragnar Lodbrok's father has been given as the legendary king of the Swedes, Sigurd Ring.
Alazanes de Granma
Alazanes de Granma is a baseball team in the Cuban National Series, based in the eastern province of Granma. Until the 2016-2017 season, the Alazanes were a frequent contender, but had never advanced to a National Series final. However, in 2017 Granma not only made it to the Cuban National Series final, but swept Ciego de Ávila to win the series, breaking a 40-year record of being seen as underdogs who could not compete with dominant powerhouse teams.

The team's nickname is the "Alazanes," which refers to horses which have sorrel hair.

Tigres de Ciego de Ávila
Tigres de Ciego de Avila (English: Ciego de Avila Tigers) is a baseball team in the Cuban National Series.

However, in recent seasons, the team has turned their fortunes around, making it to the 2011 Series Nacional final (losing to Pinar del Rio in six games).  The following season, the Tigres bounded back to the finals again, this time winning their first ever Series Nacional over perennial favourites Industriales in six games. The Tigres have continued their run of form since, winning back-to-back championships in 2015 and 2016.

Ciego de Ávila placed two players, Roger Machado and Maikel Folch, on the Cuba national team for the 2006 World Baseball Classic.

In the 2013 World Baseball Classic, the Tigres had Vladimir Garcia, Yander Guevara and Rusney Castillo all playing on the Cuba National Team.