hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Charles Melliss
John Charles Melliss (23 January 1835 – 23 August 1910) was a British engineer and amateur naturalist. He lived in St. Helena and wrote a book on the geology, history and geography of the island in 1875.  He also wrote on the natural history of the island. J.D. Hooker named the genus Mellissia in his honour.

Joseph Dalton Hooker
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For 20 years he served as director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, succeeding his father, William Jackson Hooker, and was awarded the highest honours of British science.
Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loop
The Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loop is a railway line connecting Barharwa on the Sahibganj loop and Katwa. Together with the Bandel–Katwa line, which connects this line to Bandel Junction on the Howrah–Bardhaman main line, it is also known as the B.B Loop Line. This 170 kilometres (110 mi) line is under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway. The majority of this line passes through the Purba Bardhaman and Murshidabad districts, in the Indian state of West Bengal, and lies on the west bank of the Bhagirathi river.

Hooghly River
The Hooghly River (/ˈhuːɡli/; Bengali: Hugli [ˈɦuɡli]) is the westernmost distributary of the Ganges, situated in West Bengal, India. It is known in its upper reaches as the Bhagirathi. The Bhagirathi splits off from the main branch of the Ganges at Giria. A short distance west, it meets the man-made Farakka Feeder Canal, which massively increases its flow. The river then flows south to join the Jalangi at Nabadwip, where it becomes the Hooghly proper. The Hooghly continues southwards, passing through the metropolis of Kolkata. Thereafter, it empties into the Bay of Bengal. Its tributaries include the Ajay, Damodar, Rupnarayan, and Haldi.

The Hooghly has religious significance as Hindus consider the river sacred. It also plays a major role in the agriculture, industry, and climate of the state.
Timo Vihavainen
Timo Juhani Vihavainen (born 9 May 1947) is a Finnish historian and a professor of Russian Studies at the University of Helsinki. He has written extensively on Russian and Finnish history. Vihavainen graduated as a Master of Philosophy in 1970, a Licentiate in Philosophy in 1983, a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1988 and a Docent in Russian history in 1992. He is a member of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters since 2009. At the beginning of the 2000s he was among the contributors of the Kanava magazine.

Vihavainen was Visiting Fellow at Moscow State University in 1972-1973, Assistant of East-European History at Renvall Institute, University of Helsinki 1989-2000, Acting director of the Renvall Institute 1992, Director of the Finnish Institute in St. Petersburg in 1998-2000, and Senior Research Fellow at the Finnish Academy 2000-2002. Professor of Russian Studies at University of Helsinki 2002-2015.

Finnish Academy of Science and Letters
The Finnish Academy of Science and Letters (Finnish: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia ry; Latin: Academia Scientiarum Fennica) is a Finnish learned society. It was founded in 1908 and is thus the second oldest academy in Finland. The oldest is the Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters, which was founded in 1838.
Robert Cunningham Graham Speirs
Robert Cunningham Graham Speirs or Spiers FRSE (1797–1847) was a 19th-century Scottish advocate and prison reformer. In later life he is largely referred to simply as Graham Speirs. He held the offices of Sheriff of Elgin and Moray from 1835 to 1840 and subsequently was Sheriff of Midlothian from 1840 until his death in 1847. He joined the Free Church at the Disruption of 1843. He was then involved in the Sites Committee trying to persuade landowners to allow the denomination to build churches and schools on their land.

Free Church of Scotland (1843–1900)
The Free Church of Scotland is a Scottish denomination which was formed in 1843 by a large withdrawal from the established Church of Scotland in a schism known as the Disruption of 1843. In 1900, the vast majority of the Free Church of Scotland joined with the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland to form the United Free Church of Scotland (which itself mostly re-united with the Church of Scotland in 1929). In 1904, the House of Lords judged that the constitutional minority that did not enter the 1900 union were entitled to the whole of the church's patrimony (see Bannatyne v. Overtoun); the residual Free Church of Scotland acquiesced in the division of those assets, between itself and those who had entered the union, by a Royal Commission in 1905. Despite the late founding date, the leadership held a doctrine of unbroken succession of leaders going back to the Apostles.
Siranush Andriasian
Siranush Andriasian (Armenian: Սիրանուշ Անդրիասյան, born 4 January 1986) is an Armenian chess International Master. She is a three-time Armenian Women Chess Champion and has won a bronze medal at the European Team Chess Championship for Armenia.

Armenian Chess Championship
This is a list of all the winners of the Armenian Chess Championship. The first championship was played in 1934, when Armenia was a part of the Transcaucasian SFSR. Championships were held sporadically in the Armenian SSR until 1945, when they became contested every year; this has continued today in independent Armenia. The tournament has usually been held as a round robin of the country's top players.
John Ryan (Galway hurler)
John Ryan (April 1958 - 7 October 2003) was an Irish hurler who played as a centre-forward for the Galway senior team.

Born in Killimordaly, County Galway, Ryan first played competitive hurling whilst at Presentation College, Athenry. He made his first impression on the inter-county scene when he joined the Galway under-21 team. He made his senior debut during the 1980 championship. Ryan went on to play a key role for Galway for a short period, and won one All-Ireland medal and one National Hurling League medal.

At club level Ryan was a one-time Connacht medallist with Killimordaly. He also won one championship medal with the club.

Throughout his career Ryan made just four championship appearances for Galway. His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1984 championship.

His brother, Éanna, also played with Galway and was a two-time All-Ireland medallist.

1980 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1980 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 94th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament. The draw for the 1980 fixtures took place in September 1979. The championship began on 25 May 1980 and ended on 7 September 1980.

Kilkenny were the defending champions but were defeated by Offaly in the Leinster final. Laois re-entered the Leinster Championship, having won the All-Ireland Senior B Hurling Championship the previous year.

On 7 September 1980, Galway won the championship following a 2–15 to 3–9 defeat of Limerick in the All-Ireland final. This was their second All-Ireland title, their first in fifty-seven championship seasons.

Limerick's Éamonn Cregan was the championship's top scorer with 5–18. Galway's Joe Connolly was the choice for Texaco Hurler of the Year.
Nevada State Route 607
State Route 607 (SR 607) was a state highway serving the Las Vegas Valley including Las Vegas and North Las Vegas, Nevada. The highway followed Eastern Avenue and Civic Center Drive. The route was turned over to local control by 2008.

SR 607 began at Sahara Avenue (SR 589) at the Las Vegas city limit. It followed Eastern Avenue northward towards Owens Avenue, where the roadway entered the city of North Las Vegas and changed names to Civic Center Drive. SR 607 continued north to pass through downtown North Las Vegas before terminating at Cheyenne Avenue (SR 574). RTC Transit Route 110 functions on this road.

North of the "Five Points" intersections with Charleston Boulevard (SR 159) and Fremont Street (SR 582), SR 607 shifted slightly eastward to run over the former 25th Street alignment as it headed towards North Las Vegas. By January 2008, the route had been completely relinquished to local control.

Nevada State Route 159
State Route 159 (SR 159) is a 19.180-mile (30.867 km) east–west highway in Clark County, Nevada, United States, providing access to Red Rock Canyon and formerly serving as a thoroughfare in the Las Vegas Valley. A portion of the west end of the route is designated a Nevada Scenic Byway.
Shararat (TV series)
Shararat – Thoda Jaadu, Thodi Nazaakat (transl. Mischief – A little magic, a little fun) is an Indian fantasy sitcom which aired on StarPlus channel from 2003 to 2006. The show is loosely based on the American teen sitcom Sabrina the Teenage Witch.

StarPlus
StarPlus is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Viacom18 and Disney India. Its programming consists of family dramas, romantic comedies, youth-oriented reality shows, shows on crime and television films.
2025 Beirut riots
On February 14–15, 2025, demonstrations involving road blockades, vandalism and attacks, took place by Hezbollah supporters mostly on the airport road following a blockade of an Mahan Air flight from Tehran to Beirut. The assault by Hezbollah supporters resulted in the injury of 23 soldiers of the Lebanese Army, UNIFIL Major General Chok Bahadur Dhakal of Nepal, and the torching of a UN vehicle.

Lebanese Armed Forces
The Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF; Arabic: القوات المسلحة اللبنانية, romanized: Al-Quwwāt al-Musallaḥa al-Lubnāniyya), also known as the Lebanese Army (Arabic: الجيش اللبناني, romanized: Al-Jaish al-Lubnani), is the national military of the Republic of Lebanon. It consists of three branches, the ground forces, the air force, and the navy. The motto of the Lebanese Armed Forces is "Honor, Sacrifice, Loyalty" (Arabic: شرف · تضحية  · وفاء, romanized: Sharaf.Tadhia.Wafa). In politically unstable Lebanon, the Lebanese army has been described as one of the few state institutions in the country trusted by both the Lebanese population and the international community; and a guarantor of stability in multi-sectarian Lebanon.
4-aminobutyrate—pyruvate transaminase
4-aminobutyrate---pyruvate transaminase (aminobutyrate aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransaminase, gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase, gamma-aminobutyric acid pyruvate transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase, gamma-aminobutyric transaminase, 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, 4-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase, aminobutyrate transaminase, GABA aminotransferase, GABA transaminase, GABA transferase, POP2 (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name 4-aminobutanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase. This enzyme is a type of GABA transaminase, which degrades the neurotransmitter GABA. The enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(1) 4-aminobutanoate + pyruvate  succinate semialdehyde + L-alanine

(2) 4-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate  succinate semialdehyde + glycine

This enzyme requires pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.

GABA
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system. Its principal role is reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.

GABA is sold as a dietary supplement in many countries. It has been traditionally thought that exogenous GABA (i.e., taken as a supplement) does not cross the blood–brain barrier, but data obtained from more recent research (2010s) in rats describes the notion as being unclear.

The carboxylate form of GABA is γ-aminobutyrate.
Philippe Sarchi
François Philippe Sarchi originally Samuel Morpurgo, born in Gradisca d'Isonzo, Habsburg monarchy, Holy Roman Empire in 1764 and died in Paris in 1830, was a lawyer, linguist, philologist of Illyrian origin, specializing in Italian and Hebrew.

After a legal and linguistic training, he became a professor at the University of Vienna; he wrote various books on language, grammar and Italian poetry. He was a notary in Trieste, then linguist and translator in Paris and London.

He then devoted himself to the study of literature and Hebrew philology. His main work on the subject is a book on Hebrew poetry and a Hebrew grammar.

Modern Hebrew grammar
The grammar of Modern Hebrew shares similarities with that of its Biblical Hebrew counterpart, but it has evolved significantly over time. Modern Hebrew grammar incorporates analytic constructions, expressing such forms as dative, allative, and accusative using prepositional particles rather than morphological cases.

Modern Hebrew grammar is also fusional synthetic: inflection plays a role in the formation of verbs and nouns (using non-concatenative discontinuous morphemes realised by vowel transfixation) and the declension of prepositions (i.e. with pronominal suffixes).
Calvin Mac-Intosch
Calvin Leonard Mac-Intosch (born 9 August 1989) is a footballer who plays as a centre-back for Vierde Divisie club Ajax Amateurs. Born in the Netherlands, he won two caps for the Suriname national team.

A former youth team player at Ajax, he turned professional at HFC Haarlem in 2009. Following Haarlem's bankruptcy in January 2010, he moved to SC Telstar. He spent four full seasons at Telstar and made 91 league and cup appearances before he moved up to the Eredivisie to play for SC Cambuur in May 2014. He signed with English club Port Vale in July 2016. He returned to the Netherlands to play for Almere City in January 2017. He joined the Norwegian side Notodden in 2018 before returning to the Netherlands to sign for Fortuna Sittard in February 2019. He rejoined former club Cambuur in May 2019 and helped them to win the Eerste Divisie title in the 2020–21 season. He signed with TOP Oss in June 2023, where he remained for two years.

TOP Oss
TOP Oss (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɔp ɔs]), is a professional association football club based in the town of Oss, North Brabant, Netherlands, that competes in the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of the Dutch football league system. Founded in 1928 as T.O.P., a Dutch abbreviation for Tot Ons Plezier (English translation: To our pleasure), the team plays its home matches at the Frans Heesen Stadion, where it has been based since 1946.

The club's history includes numerous promotions and relegations, and some spells of sustained success. It has perhaps been most prominent since the early 1990s, where the club established itself in the second-tier of Dutch football. TOP Oss have a rivalry with nearby club FC Den Bosch.
Morris Memorial Building
The Morris Memorial Building is a historic building in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It was built in the 1920s for the African-American National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. and was named for longtime president Elias Camp Morris.

National Baptist Convention, USA
The National Baptist Convention, USA, more commonly known as the National Baptist Convention (NBC USA or NBC), is a Baptist Christian denomination headquartered at the Baptist World Center in Nashville, Tennessee and affiliated with the Baptist World Alliance. It is also one of the largest predominantly and traditionally African American churches in the United States, and was the second largest Baptist denomination in the world in 2016.
Bavarian railway signals
The Royal Bavarian State Railways had their own Bavarian railway signals for decades until they were gradually replaced by Deutsche Reichsbahn semaphore signals following the merger of all the German state railways into the newly created Deutsche Reichseisenbahnen in 1920. Bavarian home signals were still being used by the Deutsche Bahn until 2002 and Bavarian distant signals even after that.

Railway semaphore signal
Railway semaphore signals are an early form of fixed railway signals. The semaphore system involves signals that display their different indications to train drivers by changing the angle of inclination of a pivoted 'arm'. Semaphore signals were patented in the early 1840s by Joseph James Stevens, and soon became the most widely used form of mechanical signal. Designs have altered over the intervening years, and colour light signals have replaced semaphore signals in most countries, but in a few they remain in use.
Usutuaije Maamberua
Usutuaije Maamberua (born 5 August 1957) is a Namibian politician. He was the president of the South West Africa National Union (SWANU) from 2007 until 2017. Maamberua has served in the National Assembly of Namibia since 2010.

National Assembly (Namibia)
The National Assembly is the lower chamber of Namibia's bicameral Parliament. Its laws must be approved by the National Council, the upper house. Since 2014, it has a total of 104 members. 96 members are directly elected through a system of closed list proportional representation and serve five-year terms. Eight additional members are appointed by the President. Since March 2025, SWAPO member Saara Kuugongelwa has been the Speaker of the National Assembly.

Namibia's National Assembly emerged on Independence Day on 21 March 1990 from the Constituent Assembly of Namibia, following the elections of November 1989. That election, under guidelines established by the United Nations, included foreign observers in an effort to ensure a free and fair election process. The current National Assembly was formed following elections on 27 November 2024.
Happy Phirr Bhag Jayegi
Happy Phirr Bhag Jayegi (transl. Happy will run away again; Hindi pronunciation: [pʰɪɾ bʱaːg dʒaːeːgiː]) is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language comedy film directed by Mudassar Aziz and produced by Aanand L. Rai and Krishika Lulla. The film is a sequel to the 2016 film Happy Bhag Jayegi. It stars Diana Penty as the eponymous character from the first film and Sonakshi Sinha as her namesake. The production features an ensemble cast consisting of Penty, Sinha, Jimmy Sheirgill, Piyush Mishra, Ali Fazal, Jassi Gill and Aparshakhi Khhurana.The film was released on 24 August 2018 to mixed reviews from critics.

Aparshakti Khurana
Aparshakti Khurana (born 18 November 1987) is an Indian actor known for his supporting roles in the films Dangal (2016), Stree (2018), Pati Patni Aur Woh (2019), and Stree 2 (2024), as well as for his starring role in the drama series Jubilee (2023). He is the younger brother of actor Ayushmann Khurrana.
Ciné-Kodak
The Ciné-Kodak was the first movie camera for 16 mm, manufactured by the Eastman Kodak Company and introduced in 1923. It was intended for home movie making. Kodak released additional models, including magazine-loading cameras as the Magazine Ciné-Kodak line and a line of 8 mm cameras under the Ciné-Kodak Eight sub-brand. The final 16 mm camera was the Kodak Reflex Special, released in 1961, dropping the Ciné-Kodak brand altogether; Kodak ceased production of 16 mm cameras in 1968, but continued to produce 8 mm and Super 8 film cameras under the Ektasound and Instamatic brands.

Instamatic
For the film formats associated with the Instamatic and Pocket Instamatic camera ranges, see 126 film and 110 film respectively.

The Instamatic is a series of inexpensive, easy-to-load 126 and 110 cameras made by Kodak beginning in 1963. The Instamatic was immensely successful, introducing a generation to low-cost photography and spawning numerous imitators.

During its heyday, the range was so ubiquitous that the Instamatic name is still frequently used as a generic trademark to refer to any inexpensive point-and-shoot camera.

Kodak also used the Instamatic name on some Super 8-based home-cine cameras.
Jeffrey A. Neubauer
Jeffrey A. Neubauer (born December 8, 1955) is an American businessman and politician from Racine, Wisconsin.  He served as chairman of the Democratic Party of Wisconsin from 1989 to 1993, and represented Racine County for four terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly (1981–1989).

Neubauer's wife, Lisa Neubauer, is a judge of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals.  Their daughter, Greta Neubauer, is a current member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, and the Democratic minority leader.

Democratic Party of Wisconsin
The Democratic Party of Wisconsin is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is currently headed by chair Devin Remiker.

Important issues for the state party include support for workers and unions, strong public education, and environmental protection. It currently controls two of Wisconsin's eight U.S. House seats, one of its U.S. Senate seats, and the governorship. Additionally, Democratic-aligned justices control a majority on the state Supreme Court.
Fernando Martín (footballer)
Fernando Martín Carreras (27 August 1981 – 26 December 2025) was a Spanish professional footballer who played as a central defender.

His career was spent mostly in the Segunda División B, making 219 appearances for five clubs, mainly Alcoyano. He won promotion to Segunda División with that team, in which he played 24 games in the 2011–12 season.

2011–12 Segunda División
The 2011–12 Segunda División season (known as the Liga Adelante for sponsorship reasons) was the 81st since its establishment. The first matches of the season were played on 26 August 2011 after the Association of Spanish Footballers (AFE) called a strike, the regular league ended on 3 June 2012, while the entire season ended on 16 June 2012 with the promotion play-off finals.

The first goal of the season was scored by Xabier Etxeita, who scored a ninth-minute goal for Elche against Girona in the early kick-off. The first red card of the season was given to Richy from Girona in their opening game against Elche. The first hat-trick was scored by Joselu in the match between Villarreal B and Gimnàstic de Tarragona.
Tilkor Tarua
Tilkor Tarua (Maithili: तिलकोर के तरुआ) is a special dish popular in the Mithila region of the Indian subcontinent. It is one of the important items served in the dishes for guests at the home of Maithil people.

Maithili language
Maithili (Tirhuta: 𑒧𑒻𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲, /ˈmaɪtɪli/ MY-til-ee, Maithili: [ˈməi̯tʰɪliː]) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of India and Nepal. It is native to the Mithila region, which encompasses parts of the eastern Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand as well as Nepal's Koshi and Madhesh Provinces. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India. It is the second most commonly spoken native Nepalese language constitutionally registered as one of the fourteen provincial official languages of Nepal.

It is spoken by 21.7 million people. Of those, 3.2 million are Nepalese speakers. The language is predominantly written in Devanagari, but the historical Tirhuta and Kaithi scripts retain some use until today.
30 Years A-Greying
30 Years A-Greying is a double album by The Dubliners, again produced by Eamonn Campbell. 30 Years A-Greying is similar to 25 Years Celebration in that it also features a number of special guests.  The Pogues featured again, this time on a version of "Whiskey In The Jar".  Other special guests are Billy Connolly, De Dannan, Rory Gallagher and the Hothouse Flowers.

De Dannan
De Dannan (originally Dé Danann) is an Irish folk music group. It was formed in 1975 by Frankie Gavin (fiddle), Alec Finn (guitar, bouzouki), Johnny "Ringo" McDonagh (bodhrán) and Charlie Piggott (banjo) as a result of sessions in Hughes's Pub in Spiddal, County Galway, Ireland, with Dolores Keane (vocals) subsequently being invited to join the band. The fiddler Mickey Finn (1951–1987) is also acknowledged to have been a founding member.

The band was named after the legendary Irish tribe Tuatha Dé Danann. In 1985, the spelling of the name was changed from "Dé Danann" to "De Dannan" for reasons that have never been made clear. Since 2010, however, Finn and McDonagh have recorded and performed with a line-up named "De Danann", and, since 2012, Gavin has recorded and performed with another line-up named "De Dannan".