hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomson, Singapore
Thomson is a subzone within the planning area of Bishan, Singapore. The area is located close to the Central Water Catchment where some of Singapore's reservoirs are located, including MacRitchie Reservoir, Upper Peirce Reservoir and Lower Peirce Reservoir.

Thomson Road, Singapore
Thomson Road is a major trunk road linking Singapore's central business district with the northern suburban areas of the country. The road is one of the longest in Singapore, starting from Novena in the south towards MacRitchie Reservoir, before continuing northwards as Upper Thomson Road towards Yishun and Sembawang.
Jewelry Trades Building
Jewelry Trades Building, also known as Title Guarantee Block, is a historic eight-story highrise located at 500 S. Broadway and 220 W. 5th Street in the Broadway Theater District in the historic core of downtown Los Angeles.

Broadway Theater District (Los Angeles)
The Broadway Theater District, referred to as the Broadway Theater and Commercial District in the National Register of Historic Places and the Broadway Theater and Entertainment District by the City of Los Angeles Planning Department, is a historic theater district located on Broadway in the historic core of downtown Los Angeles. The district, the first and largest theater district listed on the National Register of Historic Places, contains twelve movie palaces along an eight-block stretch and is the only large concentration of movie palaces left in the United States.

The district along with an adjacent section of Seventh Street was also Los Angeles's retail hub for the first half of the twentieth century.
Kathy Manning
Kathy Ellen Manning (born December 3, 1956) is an American lawyer and politician who represented the North Carolina's 6th congressional district from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Democratic Party, her district was in the heart of the Piedmont Triad area, including Greensboro and High Point, as well as parts of Forsyth, Rockingham, and Caswell Counties.

In December 2023, Manning announced that she would not be running for reelection due to new "egregiously gerrymandered congressional districts" in North Carolina.

Forsyth County, North Carolina
Forsyth County (/foʊrˈsaɪθ/ fohr-SYTH) is a county located in the northwest Piedmont of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 382,590, making it the fourth-most populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is Winston-Salem. Forsyth County is part of the Winston-Salem, NC, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC, Combined Statistical Area. Portions of Forsyth County are in the Yadkin Valley wine region.
Piling-up lemma
In cryptanalysis, the piling-up lemma is a principle used in linear cryptanalysis to construct linear approximations to the action of block ciphers. It was introduced by Mitsuru Matsui (1993) as an analytical tool for linear cryptanalysis. The lemma states that the bias (deviation of the expected value from 1/2) of a linear Boolean function (XOR-clause) of independent binary random variables is related to the product of the input biases:

or

where  is the bias (towards zero) and  the imbalance:

.

Conversely, if the lemma does not hold, then the input variables are not independent.

Expected value
In probability theory, the expected value (also called expectation, expectancy, expectation operator, mathematical expectation, mean, expectation value, or first moment) is a generalization of the weighted average.

The expected value of a random variable with a finite number of outcomes is a weighted average of all possible outcomes. In the case of a continuum of possible outcomes, the expectation is defined by integration. In the axiomatic foundation for probability provided by measure theory, the expectation is given by Lebesgue integration.

The expected value of a random variable X is often denoted by , , or , with E also often stylized as ,  or E.
Invincea
Invincea, Inc. was a company that offered a suite of endpoint protection software products. Originally called Secure Command LLC, Invincea, Inc. was a venture-backed software company that provided malware threat detection, prevention, and analysis to stop advanced threats. It was acquired by Sophos in February 2017.

Endpoint security
Endpoint security or endpoint protection is an approach to the protection of computer networks that are remotely bridged to client devices. The connection of endpoint devices such as laptops, tablets, mobile phones, Internet-of-things devices, and other wireless devices to corporate networks creates attack paths for security threats. Endpoint security attempts to ensure that such devices follow a definite level of compliance to standards.

The endpoint security space has evolved during the 2010s away from limited antivirus software and into a more advanced, comprehensive defense. This includes next-generation antivirus, threat detection, investigation, and response, device management, data leak protection (DLP), and other considerations to face evolving threats.
Henry E. Bothfeld
Henry Edmund Bothfeld (March 4, 1859 – May 4, 1953) was an American businessman, and politician who  served as the mayor of Newton, Massachusetts and as a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives.

Newton, Massachusetts
Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is located roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of Downtown Boston, and comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders Boston to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of Brighton and West Roxbury), Brookline to the east, Watertown and Waltham to the north, and Weston, Wellesley, and Needham to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923.

Newton is home to the Charles River, Crystal Lake, and Heartbreak Hill, among other landmarks. It is served by several streets and highways (including Route 9, Hammond Pond Parkway, and the Mass Pike), as well as the Green Line D branch run by the MBTA.

Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of Cambridge (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became a city in 1874.
Sulfinyl halide
Sulfinyl halide have the general formula R−S(O)−X, where X is a halogen.  They are intermediate in oxidation level between sulfenyl halides, R−S−X,  and sulfonyl halides, R−SO2−X. The best known examples are sulfinyl chlorides, thermolabile, moisture-sensitive compounds, which are useful intermediates for preparation of other sufinyl derivatives such as sulfinamides, sulfinates, sulfoxides, and thiosulfinates. Unlike the sulfur atom in sulfonyl halides and sulfenyl halides, the sulfur atom in sulfinyl halides is chiral, as shown for methanesulfinyl chloride.

Sulfoxide
In organic chemistry, a sulfoxide, also called a sulphoxide, is an organosulfur compound containing a sulfinyl (>SO) functional group attached to two carbon atoms. It is a polar functional group.  Sulfoxides are oxidized derivatives of sulfides. Examples of important sulfoxides are alliin, a precursor to the compound that gives freshly crushed garlic its aroma, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a common solvent.
No. 12 Squadron RAF
Number 12 Squadron, also known as No. 12 (Bomber) Squadron, is a flying squadron of the Royal Air Force (RAF). The squadron reformed in July 2018 as a joint RAF and Qatar Emiri Air Force squadron. It is based at RAF Coningsby, Lincolnshire, and operates the Eurofighter Typhoon FGR4. It is temporarily integrating Qatari air and ground crews into the squadron to provide training and support as part of the Qatari purchase of 24 Typhoons from the UK.

No. 1 Squadron RAF
Number 1 Squadron, also known as No. 1 (Fighter) Squadron, is a squadron of the Royal Air Force. It was the first squadron to fly a VTOL aircraft. It currently operates Eurofighter Typhoon aircraft from RAF Lossiemouth.

The squadron motto, In omnibus princeps ("First in all things") reflects the squadron's status as the RAF's oldest unit, having been involved in almost every major British military operation from the First World War to the present time. These include the Second World War, Suez Crisis, Falklands War, Kosovo War, and Operation Telic (Iraq).
Gazimursky Zavod
Gazimursky Zavod (Russian: Газиму́рский Заво́д) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Gazimuro-Zavodsky District of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, located on the right bank of the Gazimur River about 600 kilometers (370 mi) southeast of Chita. With a population of 2,657 as of 2010 census.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Brian O'Neill (ice hockey, born 1929)
Brian Francis O'Neill (January 25, 1929 – July 21, 2023) was a Canadian sports executive who worked for the National Hockey League (NHL), reaching the level of executive vice president. O'Neill oversaw the NHL's expansion draft in 1967 and later looked after the NHL Entry Draft until he took over as executive vice-president after NHL president Clarence Campbell stepped down in 1977. With this new position, he doled out punishment on any disciplinary cases. He would also represent the league on the international front. He retired from his position with the NHL in 1992, concurrently with NHL president John Ziegler.

Clarence Campbell
Clarence Sutherland Campbell, OBE QC (July 9, 1905 – June 24, 1984) was a Canadian ice hockey executive and referee, and soldier. He refereed in the National Hockey League (NHL) during the 1930s, served in the Canadian Army during World War II, then served as the third president of the NHL from 1946 to 1977. His tenure as president included the Richard Riot and the 1967 NHL expansion. His career was recognized with induction into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1966, and the naming of the Clarence S. Campbell Bowl for him.
Fiona Stanley
Fiona Juliet Stanley AC FAA FASSA is an Australian epidemiologist noted for her public health work, her research into child and maternal health as well as birth disorders such as cerebral palsy. Stanley is the patron of the Telethon Kids Institute and a distinguished professorial fellow in the School of Paediatrics and Child Health at the University of Western Australia. From 1990 to December 2011 she was the founding director of Telethon Kids.

Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia
The Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (ASSA) is an independent, non-governmental organisation devoted to the advancement of knowledge and research in the social sciences. It has its origins in the Social Science Research Council of Australia, founded in 1942.

The Academy was established in 1971 to recognise and champion excellence in the social sciences and to provide evidence-based advice on a range of social policy issues.

The Academy consists of an elected Fellowship of almost 700 distinguished Australian social science researchers and professionals who work together to:

Provide advice to governments on issues of national importance;

Promote understanding and awareness of the social sciences; and

Coordinate international cooperation and collaboration in the social sciences.
Mummies: A Voyage Through Eternity
Mummies: A Voyage Through Eternity (UK title: Mummies: A Journey Through Eternity; French: Les Momies : Un voyage dans l'éternité) is a 1991 illustrated monograph on the Egyptian mummies, ancient Egyptian funerary practices and the history of the discoveries of Egyptian mummies. Co-written by the French historian Françoise Dunand and the medical doctor Roger Lichtenberg, and published in pocket format by Éditions Gallimard as the 118th volume in the "Découvertes Gallimard" collection (known as "Abrams Discoveries" in the United States, and "New Horizons" in the United Kingdom).

Éditions Gallimard
Éditions Gallimard (French: [edisjɔ̃ ɡalimaːʁ]), formerly Éditions de la Nouvelle Revue Française (1911–1919) and Librairie Gallimard (1919–1961), is one of the leading French book publishers. In 2003, it and its subsidiaries published 1,418 titles.

Founded by Gaston Gallimard in 1911, the publisher is now majority-owned by his grandson Antoine Gallimard.

Éditions Gallimard is a subsidiary of Groupe Madrigall, the third largest French publishing group.
Johnathan Williams
Johnathan Lee Williams  III (born May 22, 1995) is an American professional basketball player for the London Lions of the Super League Basketball (SLB). He played college basketball for the Gonzaga Bulldogs. He spent two seasons with the University of Missouri Tigers men's basketball team before deciding to transfer before the 2015–16 season.

Super League Basketball
Super League Basketball (SLB) is a men's professional basketball league established in 2024. The competition replaced the former British Basketball League (BBL) as the top-level men's basketball competition in Great Britain.
Corina Newsome
Corina Newsome is an American ornithologist, birder, science communicator, and graduate student at Georgia Southern University. In response to the racism faced by Black birder Christian Cooper in Central Park, Newsome co-organized Black Birders Week to celebrate Black birders.

Christian Cooper
Christian Cooper (born 1963) is an American science writer and editor, and also a comics writer and editor. He is based in New York City. In 2023, Random House published Cooper's memoir, Better Living Through Birding: Notes from a Black Man in the Natural World. He gained cultural notoriety after a false police report was made by a white woman who went viral for her erratic behavior while calling the police on him in a New York park in 2020, known as the Central Park birdwatching incident.
God Eater (TV series)
God Eater (Japanese: ゴッドイーター, Hepburn: Goddo Ītā) is an anime adaptation of the God Eater video game. It is animated by Ufotable and began airing on July 12, 2015, after a one-week delay. It was later acquired by MVM Films in December 2017 for release that year.

Ufotable
Ufotable, Inc. (Japanese: ユーフォーテーブル有限会社, Hepburn: Yūfōtēburu yūgen-gaisha) is a Japanese animation studio founded in October 2000 by former Telecom Animation Film producer Hikaru Kondō and located in Shinjuku, Tokyo.

A unique hallmark seen in many of their works (Ninja Nonsense, Futakoi Alternative, Coyote Ragtime Show, Gakuen Utopia Manabi Straight!, Tales of Symphonia, The Garden of Sinners) is a claymation sequence.

They have had a long relationship with Type-Moon, having produced adaptations of their works such as Fate/Zero, Fate/stay night: Unlimited Blade Works, and The Garden of Sinners, as well as Bandai Namco Entertainment, for whom they have produced an opening animation and cutscenes for many of their games, primarily in the Tales and God Eater series.
Orange Bastion
The Orange Bastion is one of the many bastions in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar, which served to protect it against its many sieges. It is located along the Line Wall Curtain and was built to protect Gibraltar Harbour against enemy attack.

Bastion
A bastion is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort. The fully developed bastion consists of two faces and two flanks, with fire from the flanks being able to protect the curtain wall and the adjacent bastions. Compared with the medieval fortified towers they replaced, bastion fortifications offered a greater degree of passive resistance and more scope for ranged defence in the age of gunpowder artillery. As military architecture, the bastion is one element in the style of fortification dominant from the mid 16th to mid 19th centuries.
Irvine Creek (Ontario)
Irvine Creek is a creek in the municipality of Centre Wellington, Wellington County in southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and is a right tributary of the Grand River.

The creek begins at the confluence of two unnamed tributary streams in geographic West Garafraxa Township near the settlement of Dracon and flows southeast towards Lake Belwood. Before reaching the lake, it then turns southwest, then northwest and reaches the settlement of Living Springs. It turns southwest, passes under Ontario Highway 6, enters geographic Nichol Township, and reaches the community of Salem. The creek then flows southwest and reaches its mouth at the Grand River at the community of Elora. The Grand River flows to Lake Erie.

Elora, Ontario
The Historic Village of Elora is a community in the township of Centre Wellington (Wellington County) in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It is well known for its 19th-century limestone architecture and its geographically, historically, and culturally significant limestone gorge.

Elora is no longer an incorporated municipality in its own right, although it is the seat of the municipal government that succeeded it. The Township of Centre Wellington was formed in 1999 when, on the advice of the Province, the County amalgamated the Town of Fergus; the Village of Elora; and the surrounding townships of Nichol, Pilkington, and West Garafraxa (along with the northwestern part of Eramosa.) The decision — along with the Ontario government’s role therein — remains highly controversial among Elora’s inhabitants.

In 2011, the village was estimated to have had a population of approximately 7,756.
Ostrołęka
Ostrołęka (Polish: [ɔstrɔˈwɛŋka] ⓘ; Yiddish: אסטראלענקע, romanized: Ostrolenka) is a small city in northeastern Poland on the Narew river, about 120 km (75 mi) northeast of Warsaw, with a population of 51,012 (2021) and an area of 33.46 square kilometres (12.92 sq mi). It is the capital of both Ostrołęka County and Ostrołęka City County in the Masovian Voivodeship.

Ostrołęka was founded as a medieval stronghold that grew into an important royal city in northern Mazovia, which prospered from crafts and trade. The city was the site of several battles and skirmishes throughout history. Ostrołęka is a local railroad junction with four lines stemming from Ostrołęka railway station: eastwards to Łapy and Białystok, southwestwards to Tłuszcz and Warsaw, northwards to Wielbark and Olsztyn, and southwards to Małkinia Górna. Ostrołęka is a local centre of culture and light industry. The Ostrołęka Power Station is located in Ostrołęka.

Wielbark, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Wielbark [ˈvjɛlbark] (German: Willenbergⓘ) is a town in Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Wielbark. It lies approximately 19 km (12 mi) south of Szczytno and 52 km (32 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is part of historic Masuria.
Battlefield – The Rocktopia Records Collection
Battlefield – The Rocktopia Records Collection is the fifth compilation album released by English melodic hard rock band Ten, which consists of tracks from all the Rocktopia Records releases, namely Albion, Isla De Muerta and The Dragon And Saint George EP.

As with the last three releases, the collection's cover was illustrated by Gaetano Di Falco, who also illustrated the band's three aforementioned releases.
The release was strictly limited to 500 copies.

The Dragon and Saint George
The Dragon and Saint George is the fifth EP by English melodic hard rock band Ten, released on September 4, 2015. As with the previous two albums, the cover of the EP was illustrated by Gaetano Di Falco. It is the first EP release for the band since 1999's Fear the Force and also the first to be released in 12-inch format.
United Counties of Lincoln, Welland and Haldimand, Ontario
The United Counties of Lincoln, Welland and Haldimand was a historic county in the Canadian province of Ontario.

In 1849 parts of the counties of Lincoln, Welland and Haldimand were merged to one united county.

These counties later separated to form single counties.

Lincoln County and Welland County merged in 1970 to form the Regional Municipality of Niagara, Ontario.

Haldimand merged with Norfolk twice and the final time (1974) it created the Regional Municipality of Haldimand-Norfolk, Ontario.

Norfolk County, Ontario
Norfolk County (/ˈnɔːrfoʊk/ NOR-fohk) is a rural single-tier municipality on the north shore of Lake Erie in Southwestern Ontario, Canada with a 2023 population of 73,015. Despite its name, it is no longer a county by definition, as all municipal services are handled by a single level of government. The largest community in Norfolk County is Simcoe, whose 2021 population was 16,121. The other population centres are Port Dover, Delhi, Waterford and Port Rowan, and there are many smaller communities. For several years in the late 20th century, the county was merged with Haldimand County but the merged entity was dissolved in 2000.
Toon Dupuis
Antonius Stanislaus Nicolaas Ludovicus Dupuis (18 February 1877, Antwerp – 13 October 1937, The Hague) was a Dutch sculptor and medallist of Belgian origin. He's the son of the sculptor Louis Dupuis (1842–1921).

Dupuis was a lecturer at the Koninklijke Academie van Beeldende Kunsten in The Hague. Among his works are a picture of Johannes Zwijsen in the St. Dionysius Church in Tilburg, a statue of Petrus Canisius in the Hunnerpark te Nijmegen, a bust of mgr. Nolens in the Katholiek Documentatie Centrum in Nijmegen and a bust of Jozef Israëls that is in the collection of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. His work was part of the art competitions at the 1928 Summer Olympics and the 1932 Summer Olympics.

Peter Canisius
Peter Canisius SJ (Dutch: Pieter Kanis; 8 May 1521 – 21 December 1597) was a Dutch Jesuit priest known for his strong support for the Catholic faith during the Protestant Reformation in Germany, Austria, Bohemia, Moravia, Switzerland and the British Isles. The restoration of the Catholic Church in Germany is largely attributed to the work there of the Jesuits, which Canisius led. He is venerated in the Catholic Church as a saint and as a Doctor of the Church.
2012 Phillip Island 6 Hour
The 2012 Phillip Island 6 Hour was an endurance race for modified production touring cars, staged at the Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit in Victoria, Australia on 29 April 2012.  The race was Round 2 of the 2012 Australian Manufacturers' Championship, Round 2 of the 2012 Australian Production Car Championship, Round 1 of the 2012 Australian Endurance Championship and Round 1 of the 2012 Australian Production Car Endurance Championship. It was the second annual Phillip Island 6 Hour race to be held at the Victorian circuit.

2012 Australian Manufacturers' Championship
The 2012 Australian Manufacturers' Championship was a CAMS sanctioned Australian motor racing championship for modified production touring cars. The Manufacturers Championship was determined by a series pointscore for the manufacturers of the competing vehicles although the manufacturers themselves did not directly compete. The series also incorporated the 2012 Australian Production Car Championship, the 2012 Australian Production Car Endurance Championship and the 2012 Australian Endurance Championship, each of which was a drivers' title.

The 2012 Australian Manufacturers' Championship was the 27th manufacturers title to be awarded by CAMS and the 18th to be contested under the Australian Manufacturers' Championship name.