hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Skaff
Joseph Elias Tohme Skaf (Arabic: جوزيف الياس طعمه سكاف; 1922–1991) was a Lebanese politician and za'im (political boss) who is considered one of the most prominent personalities of the Skaff family in the city of Zahle. He held several ministerial positions from 1955 to 1988 under 5 different presidents which include Camille Chamoun, Fouad Chehab, Suleiman Franjieh, Elias Sarkis and Amine Gemayel.

Suleiman Frangieh
Suleiman Kabalan Frangieh (15 June 1910 – 23 July 1992) was a Lebanese politician who served as the 5th president of Lebanon from 1970 to 1976.

In 1957, Frangieh was personally implicated in the murder by machine gun of 20 members of the rivaling Douaihy clan. This forced him into exile, but he returned in 1958 due to an amnesty. In 1960, he was first elected to Parliament. During his presidency, he was perceived as a consensus candidate, and he tried to strike a balance between different ethnic and political groups after the outbreak of the Lebanese Civil War in 1975. However, he also founded and led a personal militia, the Marada Movement. The related Marada Brigade was led by his son Tony Frangieh. These militias were right-wing and pro-Syrian, while the Marada Brigade has also been described as a mafia-style organisation.
Kachori
Kachori, kachodi, katchuri, kachuri or kachauri (pronounced [kətʃɔːɽi]) is a deep-fried, spicy, stuffed pastry originating from the Marwar region of Rajasthan, India. It is made of maida filled with a baked mixture of moong dal or onions (usually, depending on the variation), besan, coriander, red chili powder, salt, and other Indian spices and deep-fried in vegetable oil until crispy golden brown. It is served potato curry and sometimes with hot with sweet and spicy tamarind chutney or occasionally with mint and green chilli chutney.

Originating in India, kachoris have become popular throughout South Asia, each region adding its own local variations.

Sooth (chutney)
Saunth (or sooth), is a sweet chutney used in Indian chaat fried dough snacks. It is made from dried ginger (sooth) and tamarind (or imli) paste, hence the name.  The chutney is brownish-red in colour.

Modern sooth is often made with dates. However, sooth made with dried ginger adds a special flavour to the chaat and is preferred in most parts of North India.
Robert Ker of Kersland
Robert Ker (the younger) (1634–1680) known as Robert Ker of Kersland was a Covenanter. He sympathised with the insurgents who fought at Rullion Green and consequently was declared a rebel and his lands became forfeit. He escaped to Holland but following his wife home on business he was captured while visiting her in her sick-bed in Edinburgh. He spent many years in various jails. He is remembered by Christian historians and biographers such as Wodrow and Howie as one who suffered for the Presbyterian cause in Scotland.

Battle of Rullion Green
The Battle of Rullion Green took place on 28 November 1666, near the Pentland Hills, in Midlothian, Scotland. It was the only significant battle of the Pentland Rising, a brief revolt by Covenanter dissidents against the Scottish government.

Sparked by opposition to the restoration of episcopalianism in the Church of Scotland, a Covenanter army under Colonel James Wallace was defeated by a government force led by Tam Dalyell of the Binns.

While casualties were relatively light, between 40 and 50 Covenanters were killed and up to 85 prisoners taken, many of whom were alleged to have been tortured. 36 were executed and others transported to Barbados, while unrest continued over the next two decades, culminating in the extended period of repression from 1679 to 1688 known as The Killing Time.
Porbandar Assembly constituency
Porbandar is one of the 182 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Gujarat state in India. It is part of Porbandar district. Since December 2022 MLA from Porbandar is Arjun Modhvadia of Bhartiya Janata Party.

Gujarat Legislative Assembly
The Gujarat Legislative Assembly (ISO: Gujārāt Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Gujarat, in the state capital Gandhinagar. Presently, 182 members of the Legislative Assembly are directly elected from single-member constituencies (seats). It has a term of 5 years unless it is dissolved sooner. 13 constituencies are reserved for scheduled castes and 27 constituencies for scheduled tribes.  From its majority party group or by way of a grand coalition cabinet of its prominent members, the state's Executive namely the Government of Gujarat is formed.

Since 1995, the Gujarat Legislative Assembly has been controlled by the Bharatiya Janata Party with an absolute majority in the House.
M77 motorway
The M77 motorway is a motorway in Scotland. It begins in Glasgow at the M8 motorway at Kinning Park, and terminates near Kilmarnock at Fenwick, becoming the A77 dual carriageway. Changes were made in 2005 segregating a lane on the M8 motorway almost as far as the Kingston Bridge, which in January 2006 was extended further onto the bridge itself. It forms the most northerly part of the A77 trunk road which links Glasgow to Stranraer in the South West of Scotland. (The A77 itself continues to Portpatrick in Dumfries and Galloway.)

M8 motorway (Scotland)
The M8 is the busiest motorway in Scotland. It connects the country's two largest cities, Glasgow and Edinburgh, and serves other large communities including Airdrie, Coatbridge, Greenock, Livingston and Paisley. The motorway is 60 miles (97 km) long. A major construction project to build the final section between Newhouse and Baillieston was completed on 30 April 2017.  The motorway has one service station, Heart of Scotland Services, previously named Harthill due to its proximity to the village.
Catholic University of Madagascar
The Catholic University of Madagascar (UCM; French: Université Catholique de Madagascar; Malagasy: Oniversite Katolika eto Madagasikara) is a private university located in Antananarivo, Madagascar. Founded in 1960 as an institute within the Major Seminary of Antananarivo, it later became an independent institute. It gained accreditation from the Malagasy government in 2000, and in 2011 took its present name.

The university is located in the heart of Antananarivo, Madagascar's capital city. The campus includes a large historic building and a sizable amphitheatre. Academics are split between four departments: the Social Sciences, Theology, Philosophy, and Psychology. The university contains a research center, publishes two scientific journals, and has partnerships with multiple international universities. The university is under the supervision of the Episcopal Conference of Madagascar, and is the only university affiliated with the Catholic Church in Madagascar.

Episcopal Conference of Madagascar
The Episcopal Conference of Madagascar (CEM) (French: Conférence Episcopale de Madagascar) is the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in Madagascar. Founded in 1965, it is composed of all active and retired members of the Catholic hierarchy (i.e., diocesan, coadjutor, and auxiliary bishops) in Madagascar.

The CEM is a registered corporation based in Antananarivo. The current president is the Archbishop of Toliara, Désiré Tsarahazana. The current vice president is Marie Fabien Raharilamboniaina, OCD, the Bishop of Morondava. The current secretary-general is Jean Claude Randrianarisoa, the Bishop of Miarinarivo.
Komet (train)
The Komet (German for The Comet) was an international overnight express train service between Hamburg, Germany and cities in Switzerland, which was in operation from 1954 to 2016.  Its name reflected the notion that the Comet train and an actual comet can both be described as travelling through the night at high speed.  It was introduced in 1954.  It became a EuroCity (EC) service upon the launch of the EC network in 1987. It became categorised as CityNightLine (CNL) service in the mid-1990s.  With the decision by Deutsche Bahn to terminate all CNL services in December 2016, the Komet ran for the last time on 10–11 December 2016.

EuroCity
EuroCity (EC) is an international train category and brand for European inter-city trains that cross international borders and meet criteria covering comfort, speed, food service, and cleanliness. Each EC train is operated by more than one European Union or Swiss rail company, under a multilateral co-operative arrangement, and all EC trains link important European cities with each other.

The EuroCity label replaced the older Trans Europ Express (TEE) name for border-crossing trains in Europe. Whereas TEE services were first-class only, EuroCity trains convey first- and second-class coaches.
Kouta (music)
Kouta (小唄, lit. 'little songs') is a type of traditional Japanese music that originated in the red-light districts of Edo period (1603–1868) Japan, before developing further and experiencing wider popularity in the geisha districts that succeeded many red-light districts. Originally popularised by geisha as an alternative to nagauta ('long songs'), kouta are typically no longer than 3 minutes in length,: 9  are played on the shamisen,: 56  and are generally accompanied by singing and traditional dance.

Hanamachi
A hanamachi (花街, lit. 'flower town') is a district where geisha live and work in Japan. Each hanamachi typically has its own name, crest, and distinct geisha population, with geisha not typically working outside of their own district. Hanamachi usually contain okiya (geisha houses) and ochaya (teahouses where geisha entertain).

Historically, hanamachi could contain a high number of okiya and ochaya, and would also contain a kaburenjō (歌舞練所) as well – a communal meeting place for geisha, typically containing a theater, rooms where classes in the traditional arts could be held, and a kenban (registry office) who would process a geisha's pay, regulation of the profession, and other related matters.

Gion, a geisha district in Kyoto, also has a vocational school, called nyokoba. Many of the teachers there are designated as Living National Treasures.
Alec Regula
Alec Regula (born August 6, 2000) is an American professional ice hockey player who is a defenseman for the  Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Growing up in Michigan, Regula began playing organized youth hockey with the Plymouth Stingrays of the Little Caesars Amateur Hockey League before being promoted to the Compuware program and Detroit Honeybaked U-13 team. He then chose to play two years with the Cranbrook Schools before joining the Chicago Steel of the United States Hockey League and London Knights of the Ontario Hockey League. Regula was drafted 67th overall by the Detroit Red Wings in the 2018 NHL Entry Draft but was traded to the Chicago Blackhawks in exchange for Brendan Perlini on October 28, 2019.

Brendan Perlini
Brendan Perlini (born April 27, 1996) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger who currently plays for the HC Lugano of the National League (NL). He most recently played with the Charlotte Checkers in the American Hockey League (AHL).

Perlini was selected by the Arizona Coyotes in the first round (12th overall) of the 2014 NHL Entry Draft. Born in the United Kingdom, where his father, Fred Perlini, played ice hockey, Perlini grew up there before moving to Canada with his family in 2007. He spent four seasons in the major junior Ontario Hockey League (OHL), and made his NHL debut with the Coyotes in 2016. He's also played for the Chicago Blackhawks and Detroit Red Wings.

Internationally, Perlini played for the Canadian national junior team, and won a bronze medal at the 2014 World Under-18 Championship.
Diegoaelurus
Diegoaelurus ("San Diego's cat") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from the extinct subfamily Machaeroidinae within the extinct family Oxyaenidae. This genus contains only one species, Diegoaelurus vanvalkenburghae, which was found in the Santiago Formation in California. This mammal lived during the Uintan stage of the Middle Eocene Epoch around 43 to 42 million years ago.

Oxyaenidae
Oxyaenidae ("sharp hyenas") is a family of extinct carnivorous placental mammals. Traditionally classified in order Creodonta, this group is now classified in its own order Oxyaenodonta ("sharp tooth hyenas") within clade Pan-Carnivora in mirorder Ferae. The group contains four subfamilies comprising fourteen genera. Oxyaenids first appeared during the late Paleocene in North America, with smaller radiations of oxyaenids in Eurasia occurring during the Eocene.
WTNX-LD
WTNX-LD (channel 29) is a low-power television station in Nashville, Tennessee, United States, affiliated with the Spanish-language network Telemundo. Owned by Gray Media, it also functions as a repeater for its full-power sister station, NBC affiliate WSMV-TV (channel 4). The two stations share studios on Knob Road in West Nashville; WTNX-LD's transmitter is located on Oldham Street near downtown.

WTNX-LD is relayed on WFET-LD (channel 29) in Lewisburg (also serving Columbia, with transmitter on Cranford Hollow Road east of Columbia).

Gray Media
Gray Media, Inc. is an American publicly traded television broadcasting company based in Atlanta. Founded in 1946 by James Harrison Gray as Gray Communications Systems, the company is the third-largest television station operator in the United States by number of stations, owning or operating 180 stations across the United States in 113 markets. Its station base consists of media markets ranging from as large as Atlanta to one of the smallest markets, North Platte, Nebraska.

In terms of quantity and numerical total, Gray Media is the largest group owner and operator of NBC-affiliated stations (with a total of 64 affiliates), ahead of Nexstar Media Group and Tegna Inc., and the second-largest group owner and operator of ABC affiliates, behind Sinclair Broadcast Group.
Carnegie Library of Homestead
The Carnegie Library of Homestead is a public library in Munhall, Pennsylvania founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1898.

It is one of 2,509 Carnegie libraries worldwide, 1,689 of which were built in the United States. It was the sixth library commissioned by Carnegie in the U.S. and the seventh to open.1 Completed in November 1898, it is the third oldest Carnegie library in continuous operation in its original structure in the U.S. after the Main Branch and Lawrenceville Branch of Pittsburgh.2 The library is an independent entity; it is not a "branch" of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, which operates one main facility and 19 branches within the city of Pittsburgh.

The building houses a library with a collection of over 34,000, the 1,047-seat "Carnegie Library Music Hall" and an athletic club with a heated indoor pool.

Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh
The Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh is the public library system in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Its main branch is located in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, and it has 19 branch locations throughout the city.  Like hundreds of other Carnegie libraries, the construction of the main library, which opened in 1895, and several neighborhood branches, was funded by industrialist Andrew Carnegie.  The Pittsburgh area houses the first branches in the United States.

The Pittsburgh Photographic Library is a photography repository held by the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh of over 50,000 prints and negatives relating to history of Pittsburgh.
2025 Dockerty Cup
The 2025 Dockerty Cup was the 100th edition of the Dockerty Cup, an annual soccer knockout-cup competition held between men's clubs in Victoria. A total of 218 clubs from the Victorian soccer league system competed.

South Melbourne won the Dockerty Cup for the tenth time, defeating Heidelberg United 2–1 in the final held on 9 August 2025.

The competition also served as qualifying rounds for the Australia Cup. In addition to the three Victorian A-League clubs, the four preliminary Round 7 winners qualified for the final rounds of the 2025 Australia Cup, entering at the Round of 32.

2025 Australia Cup
The 2025 Australia Cup, known as the Hahn Australia Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the twelfth season of the Australia Cup, the main national soccer knockout cup competition in Australia. This edition will be the fourth under the new name of the "Australia Cup" following the renaming of Football Federation Australia to Football Australia. Thirty-two teams will contest the competition proper.

The qualifying competition began on 31 January, with the tournament proper starting on 22 July 2025. The final was played at Lakeside Stadium, Melbourne, on 4 October 2025.

Macarthur FC were the defending champions, but were eliminated by eventual champions Newcastle Jets in the quarter-finals. Newcastle Jets defeated Heidelberg United in the final, with Heidelberg United becoming just the second National Premier Leagues (NPL) team and the first NPL Victoria team to reach the final. As winners, the Newcastle Jets qualified for the group stage of the 2026–27 AFC Champions League Two.
Mercedes-Benz E-Class (C207)
The C207/A207 Mercedes-Benz E-Class are coupé and convertible models based on the Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W212) sedan chassis. It was produced between 2008 and 2017 as the successor to the previous C209/A209 CLK-Class. The body styles of the range are 2-door coupé (C207) and 2-door convertible (A207).

The coupé and cabriolet vehicles were never offered in the high-performance Mercedes-AMG variants, unlike its predecessor. E350 and E400 coupé models were also available in all-wheel drive 4MATIC variants from 2012.

It was replaced by the C238/A238 E-Class in 2017 for the 2018 model year.

Convertible
A convertible or cabriolet (/ˌkæbrioʊˈleɪ/) is a passenger car that can be driven with or without a roof in place. The methods of retracting and storing the roof vary across eras and manufacturers.

A convertible car's design allows an open-air driving experience, with the ability to provide a roof when required. A potential drawback of convertibles is their reduced structural rigidity (requiring significant engineering and modification to counteract the side effects of almost completely removing a car's roof).

The majority of convertible roofs are of a folding construction framework with the actual top made from cloth or other fabric. Other types of convertible roofs include retractable hardtops (often constructed from metal or plastic) and detachable hardtops (where a metal or plastic roof is manually removed and often stored in the trunk).
Rosebank, Townsville
Rosebank is a heritage-listed detached house at 21 Lawson Street, Mysterton, City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It was built in 1886. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.

City of Townsville
The City of Townsville is a local government area (LGA) located in North Queensland, Australia. It encompasses the city of Townsville, together with the surrounding rural areas. To the south are the communities of Alligator Creek, Woodstock and Reid River, and to the north are Northern Beaches and Paluma. Also included is Magnetic Island. In June 2018 the area had a population of 194,072, and is the 28th-largest LGA in Australia. Townsville is considered to be the unofficial capital of North Queensland.

In the 2021 census, the City of Townsville had a population of 192,768 people.
Pošta Crne Gore
Pošta Crne Gore (English: Montenegro Post) is Montenegro's national postal service. It was created on 31 December 1998 following the division of PTT Montenegro into two separate organisations, one handling telecommunications (Crnogorski Telekom) and one handling postal service (Pošta Crne Gore). Montenegro has had a postal service in operation since 1841.

Crnogorski Telekom
Crnogorski Telekom ("Montenegrin Telekom"; full legal name: Crnogorski Telekom a.d. Podgorica) is a Montenegrin telecommunications operator based in Podgorica. It is the largest telecommunications company in Montenegro and provides fixed-line, mobile, IPTV, internet, ICT and cloud services.

The company serves more than 359 thousand customers in mobile and more than 107 thousand accounts in fixed line of business. Roaming services are provided in more than 140 countries, with almost 300 mobile operators.
(148975) 2001 XA255
(148975) 2001 XA255, provisional designation: 2001 XA255, is a dark minor planet in the outer Solar System, classified as centaur, approximately 38 kilometers (24 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 9 December 2001, by David C. Jewitt, Scott S. Sheppard, and Jan Kleyna observing from the Mauna Kea Observatory. The object is currently trapped in a 1:1 mean-motion resonance with Neptune following a path of the horseshoe type.

David C. Jewitt
David Clifford Jewitt (born 1958) is an astronomer who studies the Solar System, especially its minor bodies. He is based at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he is a Member of the Institute for Geophysics and Planetary Physics, the Director of the Institute for Planets and Exoplanets, Professor of Astronomy in the Department of Physics and Astronomy and Professor of Astronomy in the Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences. He is best known for being the first person (along with Jane Luu) to discover a body beyond Pluto and Charon in the Kuiper belt.
Nagpur–Bhusawal section
The Nagpur–Bhusawal section (railway track) is part of the Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line (alternatively known as Mumbai–Kolkata line / Bombay–Calcutta line) and connects Nagpur and Bhusawal both in the Indian state of Maharashtra. This section also has a number of branch lines. Part of one of the major trunk lines in the country, Nagpur–Bhusawal section passes through a section of the Deccan Plateau. The main line crosses Nagpur, Wardha, Amravati, Akola, and Buldhana districts of Vidarbha region and Jalgaon district of Khandesh region.

Bhusaval Junction railway station
Bhusawal Junction railway station (formerly Bhosawal) serves Bhusawal in Jalgaon district of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the biggest junction in Maharashtra. Bhusawal Railway station is one of the top 100 booking stations of Indian Railways, and its railway yard is the second biggest yard in Asia. There are total 243 tracks in the yard. Approximately fourteen trains originate at Bhusawal station, with 289 trains servicing the railway stop.
Gift van Staden
Gift van Staden (born 15 July 1962) is a South African politician who serves as a Member of the Northern Cape Provincial Legislature for the African National Congress (ANC). He was the provincial MEC for Social Development from 2016 to 2019. Prior to serving in the legislature, he was the Executive Mayor of both the ZF Mgcawu District Municipality and the Khara Hais Local Municipality. He is a former business associate of John Block.

John Block (South African politician)
John Fikile Block (born 10 February 1968) is a former Provincial Chairman of the African National Congress in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa, and was a Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Finance, Economic Development and Tourism in the Northern Cape Provincial Government. Block was found guilty of fraud, corruption and money laundering by the Northern Cape High Court in 2015. In December 2016 he was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment.
Table of Newtonian series
In mathematics, a Newtonian series, named after Isaac Newton, is a sum over a sequence  written in the form

where

is the binomial coefficient and  is the falling factorial.  Newtonian series often appear in relations of the form seen in umbral calculus.

Umbral calculus
The term umbral calculus has two related but distinct meanings.

In mathematics, before the 1970s, umbral calculus referred to the surprising similarity between seemingly unrelated polynomial equations and certain shadowy techniques used to prove them. These techniques were introduced in 1861 by John Blissard and are sometimes called Blissard's symbolic method. They are often attributed to Édouard Lucas (or James Joseph Sylvester), who used the technique extensively. The use of shadowy techniques was put on a solid mathematical footing starting in the 1970s, and the resulting mathematical theory is also referred to as "umbral calculus".