hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kinsella v. Krueger
Kinsella v. Krueger, 351 U.S. 470 (1956), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that the Constitution supersedes international treaties ratified by the United States Senate. According to the decision, the Court recognized the supremacy of the Constitution over a treaty, although the case itself was with regard to an executive agreement, not a "treaty" in the U.S. legal sense, and the agreement itself has never been ruled unconstitutional.

Executive agreement
An executive agreement is an agreement between the heads of government of two or more nations that has not been ratified by the legislature as treaties are ratified.  Executive agreements are considered politically binding to distinguish them from treaties which are legally binding.

In the United States, executive agreements are made solely by the President of the United States. They are one of three mechanisms by which the United States enters into binding international obligations. Some authors consider executive agreements to be treaties under international law in that they bind both the United States and another sovereign state.  However, under United States constitutional law, executive agreements are not considered treaties for the purpose of the Treaty Clause of the United States Constitution, which requires the advice and consent of two-thirds of the Senate to qualify as a treaty.

Some other nations have similar provisions with regard to the ratification of treaties.
Meghrajji III
HH Major Maharana Maharaja Sir Mayurdwajsinhji Meghrajsinhji III Sahib Bahadur, KCIE, FRAS, FRAI, FRHistS (3 March 1923 – 1 August 2010), popularly known as Meghrajji III was the last ruling Maharaja of Dhrangadhra-Halvad. He was an academic, politician, member of several distinguished academic bodies, and one of the last surviving rulers of the former princely states of the British Raj. He was also the last surviving knight of the Order of the Indian Empire and the last of either of the chivalric orders of the British Indian Empire.

Highness
Highness (abbreviation HH, oral address Your Highness) is a formal style used to address (in second person) or refer to (in third person) certain members of a reigning or formerly reigning dynasty. It is typically used with a possessive adjective: "His Highness", "Her Highness" (HH), "Their Highnesses", etc. Although often combined with other adjectives of honour indicating rank, such as "Imperial", "Royal" or "Serene", it may be used alone.

Highness is, both literally and figuratively, the quality of being lofty or above. It is used as a term to evoke dignity or honour, and to acknowledge the exalted rank of the person so described.
Duncan Webb
Duncan Alexander Webb (born 1967) is a New Zealand politician, lawyer and academic. He was a law professor at the University of Canterbury from 2000 to 2008, then became a partner at law firm Lane Neave. He was elected as a member of the New Zealand House of Representatives for Christchurch Central, representing the Labour Party, in the 2017 general election.

He was Chief Government Whip, Minister of Commerce and Consumer Affairs and Minister for State Owned Enterprises in the Sixth Labour Government.

Minister for State Owned Enterprises
The Minister for State Owned Enterprises is the minister in the New Zealand Government responsible for trading enterprises owned by the New Zealand Government (see State-owned enterprises of New Zealand), usually in conjunction with the minister responsible for the industry.

The post was established by the Fourth Labour Government from 1 April 1987. Some of the SOEs were formerly trading departments, like the New Zealand Post Office and the New Zealand Railways Department.
Meila Brewer
Meila Madison Brewer (born March 24, 2009) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a center back for the Kansas City Current of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She played one season of college soccer for the UCLA Bruins. She represented the United States at the 2025 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup.

UCLA Bruins women's soccer
The UCLA Bruins women's soccer team is an intercollegiate varsity sports team of the University of California at Los Angeles. The team is a member of the Big Ten Conference of the National Collegiate Athletic Association.

The team won its first national championship on December 8, 2013, by defeating Florida State 1–0 in overtime. The Bruins won the program's second national title on December 5, 2022, beating North Carolina 3–2 in double overtime.
The Sea Tsar and Vasilisa the Wise
The Sea Tsar and Vasilisa the Wise (Russian: Морской царь и Василиса Премудрая, romanized: Morskoi Tsar i Vasilisa Premudraya) is a Russian fairy tale published by author Alexander Afanasyev in his collection of Russian Fairy Tales, numbered 219. The tale features legendary characters  Sea Tsar and Vasilisa the Wise.

The tale is classified in the Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index as ATU 313, "The Magic Flight" ("Girl Helps the Hero Flee") or "The Devil's (Ogre's/Giant's) Daughter".

Alexander Afanasyev
Alexander Nikolayevich Afanasyev (Russian: Александр Николаевич Афанасьев; 23 July [O.S. 11 July] 1826 – 5 October [O.S. 23 September] 1871) was a Russian Slavist and ethnographer best known for publishing nearly 600 East Slavic and Russian fairy and folk tales, one of the largest collections of folklore in the world. This collection was not restricted to Great Russia, but included folk tales from what are now Ukraine and Belarus as well.  The first edition of his collection was published in eight volumes from 1855 to 1867, earning him the reputation of being the Russian counterpart to the Brothers Grimm.
Laura James (nurse)
Laura Elizabeth James ARRC MM (12 December 1880 – 23 February 1969) was a New Zealand nurse. She served in the Queen Alexandra Imperial Military Nursing Service during World War I and was one of the most decorated nurses of World War I.

Royal Red Cross
The Royal Red Cross (RRC) is a military decoration awarded in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth for exceptional services in military nursing. It was created in 1883, and the first two awards were to Florence Nightingale and Jane Cecilia Deeble. Deeble had served in Zulu Kingdom and the Colony of Natal during the Anglo-Zulu War in 1879, and she had noted that the work of the nurses was not recognised officially.
Maria Mitkou
Maria Mitkou (born 11 April 1994) is a Greek football midfielder currently playing for PAOK Thessaloniki in the Greek A Division and Greece women's national team.

She has represented Greece at the U17 and U19 levels. In April 2012 she scored her first official goal for the senior team against Macedonia at age 17.

Greece women's national football team
The Greece women's national football team represents Greece in international women's football. The only international tournament the team took place in were the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. Automatically qualified as hosts, Greece lost all three matches in their group without scoring a goal.
NBK Empire F.C.
NBK Empire Football Club is a Malaysian football club based in Jenjarom, Kuala Langat District, Selangor. It plays in the third tier of the Malaysian football league system, the Malaysia A3 Community League.

Malaysia A3 Community League
The Malaysia A3 Community League (Malay: Liga A3 Community, previously known as the Malaysia M5 League) makes up level 4 of 9 community-based leagues under the Malaysian football league system. It was created in 2018 as a part of the Malaysian Football League's plan to reform the domestic football structure. It consists of various state FA's, community and social leagues.
127th Maine Senate
The 127th Maine Senate had 35 members each elected to two-year terms in November 2014. The first regular session was sworn in on December 3, 2014.

The 127th Senate party composition was:

20 Republicans

15 Democrats

Maine Senate
44°18′26″N 69°46′54″W﻿ / ﻿44.307138°N 69.781586°W﻿ / 44.307138; -69.781586

The Maine Senate is the upper house of the Maine Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. The Senate currently consists of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, though the Maine Constitution allows for "an odd number of Senators, not less than 31 nor more than 35". Unlike the lower House, the Senate does not set aside nonvoting seats for Native tribes.  Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine Senate usually have outside employment as well.

The Senate meets at the Maine State House in Augusta. Members are limited to four consecutive terms with each term being two years but may run again after a two-year wait.
RGBE filter
In digital photography, the RGBE filter is an alternative color filter array to the Bayer filter (GRGB). It similarly uses a mosaic of pixel filters, of red, green, blue and "emerald" ("like cyan" according to Sony), and so also requires demosaicing to produce a full-color image. It was developed by Sony and so far is used only in the ICX456 8-megapixel CCD and in the Sony Cyber-shot DSC-F828 camera.

Sony states that the reason for adding the fourth filter color is "to reduce the color reproduction errors and to record natural images closer to the natural sight perception of the human eye".

The RGBE array uses a fourth color, cyan, as well as red, green and blue

Compare with the earlier Bayer filter, with twice the number of pure green cells (while cyan colored light is a mix of green and blue, so sensors for that color also detects green and blue colors)

Color filter array
In digital imaging, a color filter array (CFA), or color filter mosaic (CFM), is a mosaic of tiny color filters placed over the pixel sensors of an image sensor to capture color information.

The term is also used in reference to e paper devices where it means a mosaic of tiny color filters placed over the grey scale display panel to reproduce color images.
Xianglong
Xianglong (meaning "flying dragon" in Chinese) is a genus of Cretaceous lizard discovered in the Zhuanchengzi, near Yizhou, Yixian, Liaoning Province of China. It is known from LPM 000666, a single complete skeleton with skin impressions. The specimen comes from the Barremian-aged (Lower Cretaceous) Yixian Formation, near Yizhou. The most notable feature about Xianglong is its bizarre oversized ribs, eight on each side, which were attached to a membrane of body tissue and allowed the lizard to glide. While in its original description it was considered to be an acrodont lizard, with a cladistic analysis in the same study suggesting that it was grouped with iguanians such as agamines, chamaeleonids, and leiolepidines, it was later shown that this was due to misinterpretation of the crushed skull, and its affinities with other lizards remains uncertain.

Leiolepis
Leiolepis, commonly known as butterfly lizards or butterfly agamas (Thai: แย้), are group of agamid lizards. They are native to Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia, Ryukyu Islands (Japan), Vietnam, and Hainan (China). The genus includes both sexual and asexual species. Leiolepis is the sole genus of subfamily Leiolepidinae.
Taj Yasin Maimoen
Taj Yasin Maimoen (born 2 July 1983) is an Indonesian politician. He has served as vice governor of Central Java since 2025, having previously served from 2018 to 2023. He has served as secretary general of the United Development Party since 2025.

Before serving as vice governor, Taj Yasin was a member of the Central Java Regional House of Representatives representing the United Development Party (PPP) from the Central Java II electoral district. He is the son of the prominent cleric from Rembang, Central Java, Maimun Zubair (1928–2019). He is widely regarded as a representative of the religious community, particularly Nahdlatul Ulama. Additionally, he serves as one of the chairmen of the Ansor Youth Movement (GP Ansor) in Central Java.

Rembang Regency
Rembang Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Rembang) is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) on the extreme northeast coast of Central Java Province, on the island of Java (bordering on the Java Sea) in Indonesia. The regency covers an area of 1,036.70 km2 on Java, and it had a population of 591,359 at the 2010 Census and 645,333 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 665,237 (of whom 334,305 were males and 330,932 were females). Its administrative capital is the town of Rembang.
Benedictine Military School
Benedictine Military School (also referred to as Benedictine or BC) is a Catholic military high school for boys located in Savannah, Georgia, United States. It was founded in 1902 by the Benedictine monks of Savannah Priory, which still operates the school under the auspices of the Diocese of Savannah.

Diocese of Savannah
The Diocese of Savannah (Latin: Dioecesis Savannensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in southern Georgia in the United States. The mother church of the diocese is Cathedral Basilica of Saint John the Baptist in Savannah. The patron saint is John the Baptist.

The Diocese of Savannah is a suffragan diocese, part of the ecclesiastical province under the metropolitan Archdiocese of Atlanta. As of 2025, the bishop is Stephen D. Parkes.
Paris Basketball
Paris Basketball is a French professional basketball club based in Paris. The club currently plays in the LNB Élite, the first division of basketball in France, and the EuroLeague since 2024–25.

Founded in 2018, Paris plays its home games at the Adidas Arena. Three years after its establishment, Paris was promoted to the first-level LNB Élite, then known as LNB Pro A, for the first time, in 2021. In 2024, the team won the Leaders Cup and the 2023–24 EuroCup titles, and one year later they won the club's first French championship title and the French Cup.

LNB Élite
The LNB Élite, currently known for sponsorship reasons as Betclic Élite, is a professional basketball league in France and is the highest level of the French basketball system. The competition has existed since 1921. Since 1987, the Ligue Nationale de Basket (LNB) has governed the league.

Formerly known as the LNB Pro A, each season consists of 16 teams. The bottom two placed teams from each season are relegated to the second tier level Élite 2. The winner of the play-offs of the league are crowned the French national champions.
Derya Tınkaoğlu
Derya Tınkaoğlu (born 3 April 1988) is a Turkish women's handballer, who plays in the Turkish Women's Handball Super League for İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi SK, and the Turkey national team. The 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)-tall sportswoman plays as a goalkeeper.

İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi GSK
İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyespor (Turkish: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Spor Kulübü) is a multi-sports club established 1979 in İzmir, Turkey by the city's metropolitan municipality (Turkish: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi). The club's colors are blue and white. İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyespor is active in a total of 21 branches, including Paralympic and many Olympic sports. The men's handball team of the club plays in the Turkish Handball Super League, the women's team in the Turkish Women's Handball Super League and the wheelchair basketball team in the Turkish Wheelchair Basketball Super League successfully.
Papadic Octoechos
Oktōēchos (here transcribed "Octoechos"; Greek: ὁ Ὀκτώηχος, pronounced in Constantinopolitan: Ancient Greek pronunciation: [oxˈtoixos]; from ὀκτώ "eight" and ἦχος "sound, mode" called echos; Slavonic: Осмогласие, Osmoglasie from о́смь "eight" and гласъ "voice, sound") is the name of the eight mode system used for the composition of religious chant in Byzantine, Syriac, Armenian, Georgian, Latin and Slavic churches since the Middle Ages. In a modified form the octoechos is still regarded as the foundation of the tradition of monodic Orthodox chant today.

Until 1204 neither the Hagia Sophia nor any other cathedral of the Byzantine Empire did abandon its habits, and the Hagiopolitan eight mode system came into use not earlier than in the mixed rite of Constantinople, after the patriarchate and the court had returned from their exile in Nikaia in 1261.

Turkish makam
The Turkish makam (Turkish: makam pl. makamlar; from the Arabic word maqām مقام) is a system of melody types used in Turkish classical music and Turkish folk music. It provides a complex set of rules for composing and performance.  Each makam specifies a unique intervalic structure (cinsler meaning genera) and melodic development (seyir). Whether a fixed composition (beste, şarkı, peşrev, âyin, etc.) or a spontaneous composition (gazel, taksim, recitation of Kuran-ı Kerim, Mevlid, etc.), all attempt to follow the melody type. The rhythmic counterpart of makam in Turkish music is usul.
George Longridge
George Paterson Longridge (23 August 1931 – 8 June 1998) was a Scottish footballer who played as a goalkeeper in the English Football League for Darlington and in the Scottish Football League for East Stirlingshire. He was on the books of Leyton Orient and West Ham United in England and Third Lanark in Scotland without playing League football for any, and also played English non-league football for Sittingbourne, Ramsgate and Chelmsford City. After finishing his playing career he emigrated to the United States.

Ramsgate F.C.
Ramsgate Football Club are a football team based in Ramsgate, Kent, England. They are currently members of the Isthmian League Premier Division.  The club was founded in 1945 and was known as Ramsgate Athletic until 1972.  After playing in the original Kent League in the 1950s, Ramsgate joined the Southern League in 1959.  In 1976 they resigned from this league and returned to county-level competition in a new Kent League.  In 2005 Ramsgate gained promotion to the Isthmian League Division One and secured a second consecutive promotion to the Premier Division a year later.  Ramsgate were relegated in 2009 and have since played at the seventh level of the English football league system.

Ramsgate play at Southwood Stadium, which has undergone significant improvement since 2020, including the laying of a new 3G pitch.  The main local rivals of the club are Margate who are situated just four miles away. When the two teams meet, it is known as the Thanet derby.
Kamasins
The Kamasins (Russian: камасинцы, romanized: kamasintsy; Kamassian: Kaŋmažə) are a collection of tribes of Samoyedic peoples in the Sayan Mountains who lived along the Kan River and Mana River in the 17th century in the southern part of today's Krasnoyarsk Krai.

In the 2010 and 2021 Russian censuses, two people identified as Kamassian and listed under the subgroup "other nationalities". Also, 21 people, comprising 0.5% of the population of Sayansky District, are declared as Kamasins and their descendants by the district administration in the official tourist guide (2021).

Mana (Russia)
The Mana (Russian: Ма́на) is a river in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, a right tributary of the Yenisey. 
The Mana has a length of 475 kilometres (295 mi) and a basin area of 9,320 square kilometres (3,600 sq mi).

The Mana is a popular place of rafting tourism, mostly on the calm, easily passable part of the river beginning from the Beret village or more difficult, from the village of Bolshoy Ungut. The place called Manskiy Plyos near Ust-Mana is very popular for holding various festivals, such as the traditional festival of bard songs.
Chief of Defence Staff (Guyana)
The Chief of Defence Staff is the professional head of the Guyana Defence Force. He is responsible for the administration and the operational control of the military of Guyana. The current Chief of Defence Staff is Brigadier Omar Khan.

The office was officially known as the 'Chief of Staff' until 2024 when the Defence (Amendment) Act 2024 was passed giving effect to the new name of the office.

Guyana Defence Force
The Guyana Defence Force (GDF) is the armed forces of Guyana, established in 1965. It has military bases across the nation.  The Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Force is always the incumbent President of Guyana. Service Branches include the Army, Air Corps, and Coast Guard.

Although a small nation, Guyana's recent petro wealth has destabilized the region, re-igniting border disputes with Venezuela inherited from the colonial era.
B. L. Burtt
Brian Laurence "Bill" Burtt FRSE FLS (27 August 1913 – 30 May 2008), was an English botanist and taxonomist who is noted for his contributions to the family Gesneriaceae.  In a career that spanned 74 years, he worked first at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and then at the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE). He made numerous field trips to South Africa and Sarawak and described a total of 637 new plant species. Burtt is denoted by the author abbreviation B.L.Burtt when citing a botanical name.

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
John Neary
Edward John Neary (May 4, 1964 – January 26, 2015) was an American electronic engineer, specializing in audio processing equipment for motion pictures and broadcasting, as well as an Academy Award and Emmy Award winner.

Living in California's San Francisco bay area, Neary earned a bachelor of science degree in electronic engineering while at the California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo.

Neary has contributed to many notable producers of quality audio equipment including Media Vision, Diamond Multimedia and Dolby Laboratories. Other past employers include the Thomas Engineering Company of Concord, California and Bio-Rad Laboratories of Hercules, California.

Academy of Television Arts & Sciences
The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS), also colloquially known as the Television Academy, is a professional honorary organization dedicated to the advancement of the television industry in the United States. A 501(c)(6) non-profit organization founded in 1946, the organization presents the Primetime Emmy Awards, an annual ceremony honoring achievement in U.S. primetime television. The ATAS is a sister organization to the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences and the International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, the other two bodies that present Emmy Awards to other sectors of television programming.