hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cass Sunstein
Cass Robert Sunstein (born September 21, 1954) is an American legal scholar known for his work in U.S. constitutional law, administrative law, environmental law, and behavioral economics. He is also The New York Times best-selling author of The World According to Star Wars (2016) and Nudge (2008). He was the administrator of the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the Obama administration from 2009 to 2012.

Sunstein serves as the Robert Walmsley University Professor at Harvard Law School. He was previously a professor at the University of Chicago Law School from 1981 to 2008. In 2014, studies of legal publications found Sunstein to be the most frequently cited American legal scholar by a wide margin.

Constitutional law of the United States
The constitutional law of the United States is the body of law governing the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution. The subject concerns the scope of power of the United States federal government compared to the individual states and the fundamental rights of individuals. The ultimate authority upon the interpretation of the Constitution and the constitutionality of statutes, state and federal, lies with the Supreme Court of the United States.
Scientist of the Month
Scientist of the Month (Korean: 이달의 과학기술인상) is a South Korean national award presented to Koreans and Korean diaspora. The award is hosted by the Ministry of Science and ICT, National Research Foundation of Korea, and the newspaper Sedaily. The first award was given in 1997 and is given to one individual monthly along with a certificate from the Ministry and a prize of KRW 10 million. In addition to the ethnicity requirement, nominees must be actively engaged in R&D at a South Korean university, public research institute or industry. Laureates of the Top Scientist and Technologist Award of Korea, Korea Science Award, Korea Engineering Award, and previous Scientists of the Month are ineligible. Recipients of the Young Scientist Award and Woman Scientist/Engineer of the Year Award are only eligible if they have made significant contributions over a three-year period.

Korea Science Award
The Korea Science Award (Korean: 한국과학상) is an award presented to South Koreans and Korean scientists working in domestic universities or research positions. It is currently jointly presented by the Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Research Foundation of Korea. Research achievements are limited to that of a single project conducted in Korea. Potential recipients go through a several stage review which includes consolation with foreign scholars.

From 1987, it was biennially awarded to frequently three to four recipients. From 2016, it is given annually to two individuals while two other individuals are presented with the Korea Engineering Award. The Korea Science Award comes with a presidential commendation and a research grant of 30 million won, down from 50 million given in the past. For certain years, there is not a winner from certain fields.
Bladedance of Elementalers
Bladedance of Elementalers (Japanese: 精霊使いの剣舞（ブレイドダンス）, Hepburn: Seirei Tsukai no Bureidodansu; lit. Spirit Elementalist's Blade Dance), also written as Blade Dance of Elementalers, is a Japanese light novel series written by Yū Shimizu with illustrations by Hanpen Sakura (volumes 1–13), Yuuji Nimura (volumes 14–16) and Kohada Shimesaba (volumes 17–20). A manga adaptation illustrated by Hyōju Issei was serialized from June 27, 2012, to January 27, 2017, in Media Factory's Monthly Comic Alive and compiled in six volumes. The first volume was released on February 23, 2013. An anime television series adaptation by TNK aired from July 14 to September 29, 2014. The last volume of the novel was released on March 25, 2019.

TNK (company)
TNK Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社ティー・エヌ・ケー, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Tii Enu Kee) is a Japanese animation studio located in Nerima, Tokyo Prefecture. It was established on January 29, 1999 by Nagateru Kato, a former producer from Tatsunoko Production. They have produced a number of series to date, most notably their adaptations of School Days and High School DxD, among others such as Hand Maid May, I My Me! Strawberry Eggs, UFO Ultramaiden Valkyrie, and Kannazuki no Miko.
Kolmogorov backward equations (diffusion)
The Kolmogorov backward equation (KBE) and its adjoint, the Kolmogorov forward equation, are partial differential equations (PDE) that arise in the theory of continuous-time continuous-state Markov processes.  Both were published by Andrey Kolmogorov in 1931.  Later it was realized that the forward equation was already known to physicists under the name Fokker–Planck equation;  the KBE on the other hand was new.

Hermitian adjoint
In mathematics, specifically in operator theory, each linear operator  on an inner product space defines a Hermitian adjoint (or adjoint) operator  on that space according to the rule

where  is the inner product on the vector space.

The adjoint may also be called the Hermitian conjugate or simply the Hermitian after Charles Hermite.  It is often denoted by A† in fields like physics, especially when used in conjunction with bra–ket notation in quantum mechanics.  In finite dimensions where operators can be represented by matrices, the Hermitian adjoint is given by the conjugate transpose (also known as the Hermitian transpose).

The above definition of an adjoint operator extends verbatim to bounded linear operators on Hilbert spaces .  The definition has been further extended to include unbounded densely defined operators, whose domain is topologically dense in, but not necessarily equal to,
Klaus J. Behrendt
Klaus Johannes Behrendt (born 7 February 1960) is a German actor. Since 1992 he has starred in the Westdeutscher Rundfunk version of the popular television crime series Tatort; he also starred in the 2008 film Die Bienen – Tödliche Bedrohung.

Westdeutscher Rundfunk
Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln (pronounced [ˈvɛstˌdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk ˈkœln]; "West German Broadcasting Cologne"), shortened to WDR (pronounced [ˌveːdeːˈʔɛʁ] ⓘ), is a German public-broadcasting institution based in the Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia with its main office in Cologne. WDR is a constituent member of the consortium of German public-broadcasting institutions, ARD. As well as contributing to the output of the national television channel Das Erste, WDR produces the regional television service WDR Fernsehen (formerly known as WDF and West3) and six regional radio networks.
Mickaël Buscher
Mickaël Buscher (born 11 January 1987) is a French former professional footballer who played as a striker and winger.

He played in his native France for Nice and Grasse, in Scotland for Gretna, in England for Grimsby Town, in Tunisia for CS Hammam-Lif, CA Bizertin, and AS Marsa, and in New Zealand for Canterbury United.

He was capped at France U16 and U17 level.

France national youth football team
The France national youth football team are the national under-21, under-20, under-19, under-18, under-17 and under-16 football teams of France and are controlled by the French Football Federation. The youth teams of France participate in tournaments sanctioned by both FIFA and UEFA and also participates in world, regional, and local international tournaments.
Abdiweli Sheikh Abdillahi
Abdiweli Sheikh Abdillahi Soufi (Somali: Cabdiweli Shiikh Cabdillaahi Suufi) is a Somaliland politician, who is currently serving as the Minister of Information & Communication Technology of Somaliland.

Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (Somaliland)
The Ministry of Information and Communication Technology of the Republic of Somaliland (MICT) (Somali: Wasaaradda Isgaadhsiinta iyo Tignoolajiyadda Somaliland)  (Arabic: وزارة الاتصالات والتكنولوجيا) is a member of the Somaliland government ministries which is responsible for formulating developmental policies aimed at accelerating growth of telecommunication and technology services in the country.

The name of this ministry was originally the Ministry of Post and Communication (Somali: Wasaarada Boosaha iyo Isgaadhsiinta). By presidential decree in 2018, it became the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology.  This ministry is also translated as Ministry of Communications and Technology or Ministry of Telecommunications and Technology.
Kerlenn Pondi
Kerlenn Pondi is a traditional Breton music group comprising a bagad and a Celtic circle. It was founded in Pontivy, Morbihan, in 1953 based on two older groups, the Garde Saint-Ivy and the "Moutons Blancs". It inherited the name of the latter association as its nickname, due to the woolly color and texture of the region's costumes.

In 2015 his bagad was ranked in the first category of the National Bagadoù Championship, having won it just once before, in 2001. It has also produced five albums since its creation. The Cercle Celtique is also in the top category of the Kendalc'h competitions, having won just once in 1966. These two groups frequently perform together and have been instrumental in preserving the music of Britanny and dance tunes such as the laridé-gavotte and gavotte Pourlet.

The association is also active in other areas of Breton culture, such as the Breton language and the organization of events like Kan ar Bobl.

Pontivy
Pontivy (French pronunciation: [pɔ̃tivi]; Breton: Pondi) is a commune in the Morbihan department in Brittany in north-western France. It lies at the confluence of the river Blavet and the Canal de Nantes à Brest. Inhabitants of Pontivy are called Pontivyens in French.
Joe Doyle (politician)
Joseph Doyle (27 June 1936 – 8 August 2009) was an Irish Fine Gael politician. He served two terms as a deputy for the Dublin South-East constituency. He served variously as a member of Dublin City Council, Dáil Éireann and Seanad Éireann, becoming Lord Mayor of Dublin from 1998 to 1999.

Lord Mayor of Dublin
The Lord Mayor of Dublin (Irish: Ardmhéara Bhaile Átha Cliath) is the honorary title of the chairperson (Irish: Cathaoirleach [ˈkahiːɾˠl̠ʲəx]) of Dublin City Council which is the local government body for the city of Dublin, the capital of Ireland. The incumbent, since June 2025, is Fine Gael councillor Ray McAdam. The office holder is elected annually by the members of the council.
Guðný Björk Óðinsdóttir
Guðný Björk Óðinsdóttir (born 27 September 1988) is an Icelandic former footballer who played as a midfielder for Kristianstads DFF of the Swedish Damallsvenskan and the Iceland women's national football team. She represented her country in the 2009 and 2013 editions of the UEFA Women's Championship.

Guðný made her senior international debut for Iceland in a 3–0 win over Portugal at the Laugardalsvöllur Arena in June 2006.

At UEFA Women's Euro 2009, Guðný was included in the squad but did not play in any of the matches as Iceland were eliminated in the first round.

At the 2013 European Championships in Sweden, Guðný suffered the fourth anterior cruciate ligament injury of her career at the age of 24. While preparing for another surgery she insisted that she had no intention of retiring.

Guðný made another comeback, but injuries eventually forced her into retirement at the age of 26 in May 2015.

UEFA Women's Euro 2009
The 2009 UEFA Women's Championship, often known as the 2009 Women's Euros or just the 2009 Euros, was played in Finland between 23 August and 10 September 2009. The host was appointed on 11 July 2006, in a UEFA Executive Committee meeting in Berlin and the Finnish proposal won over the Dutch proposal.

The UEFA Women's Championship is a regular tournament involving European national teams from countries affiliated to UEFA, the European governing body, who have qualified for the competition. The competition aims to determine which national women's team is the best in Europe.

The 2009 tournament was won by Germany for a fifth straight and record-extending seventh time in total. They beat England, appearing in their first final since 1984, 6–2 in the final. The Germans also boasted the tournament's leading goalscorer in Inka Grings.

Iceland, Netherlands and Ukraine made their debut.
John Rowlstone Stevenson
Major General John Rowlstone Stevenson, CBE, DSO (7 October 1908 – 4 July 1971) was an Australian Army officer and a parliamentary officer.

Stevenson was born in Bondi, Sydney, on 7 October 1908. He was the son of John James Stevenson, who was born in the United States, and Caroline Maude née Rowlstone, from Sydney. He went to Canterbury Boys' Intermediate School, then took an office job. He also played hockey and drove racing cars at the Maroubra speedway.

He rose to the rank of major general in the Australian Army, serving in both the 11th Australian Infantry Brigade and the 2/3rd Australian Infantry Battalion in the Second World War. He died on 4 July 1971, in Fiji. He is known for accepting Nauru as Australian territory.

Major general (Australia)
Major general (abbreviated MAJGEN) is a senior rank of the Australian Army, and was created as a direct equivalent of the British military rank of major general. It is the third-highest active rank of the Australian Army (the rank of field marshal not being held by any currently serving officer), and is considered to be equivalent to a two-star rank. A major general commands a division or the equivalent.

Major general is a higher rank than brigadier, but lower than lieutenant general. Major general is the equivalent of rear admiral in the Royal Australian Navy and air vice marshal in the Royal Australian Air Force.

The insignia for a major general is the star (or 'pip') of the Order of the Bath (despite membership of the Order no longer being awarded to Australians), above a crossed Mameluke sword and baton.
Central Ward (City of Brisbane)
Central Ward is a Brisbane City Council ward covering the CBD, Fortitude Valley, New Farm, Spring Hill, Herston, Bowen Hills, Newstead and Teneriffe. The current councillor is Vicki Howard of the Liberal National Party, who gained the ward from Labor at the 2012 election.

2012 Brisbane City Council election
The 2012 Brisbane City Council election was held on 28 April 2012 to elect a lord mayor and 26 councillors to the City of Brisbane. The election was held as part of the statewide local government elections in Queensland, Australia.

The election resulted in a landslide re-election of the Liberal National Party (previously represented in Queensland as the Liberal Party), increasing their representation by two wards. The incumbent Lord Mayor, Graham Quirk, was elected to his first full-term with a substantial 68.3% of the two-party-preferred vote.
C-DMT
C-DMT, also known as N,N-dimethyl-2-(3H-inden-1-yl)ethylamine or as 1-carba-DMT, is a serotonin receptor agonist and a 3-indenylethylamine derivative. It is an analogue and bioisostere of the tryptamine psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) in which the indole ring has been replaced with an indene ring. Put another way, the nitrogen atom in the indole ring of DMT has been replaced with a carbon atom to make an indene ring.

The drug shows similar affinity for and potency in activating the serotonin receptors in the rat fundus strip compared to DMT. These findings suggest that the indole-ring nitrogen atom of tryptamines is not essential for serotonergic activity. On the other hand however, C-DMT showed dramatically lower affinities for the serotonin 5-HT1E and 5-HT1F receptors compared to DMT (8- and 65-fold, respectively).

The effects of C-DMT in animals and humans, and whether it produces hallucinogenic effects, do not appear to be known.

Indene
Indene is an aromatic, polycyclic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C9H8.  It is composed of a benzene ring fused with a cyclopentene ring.  This flammable liquid is colorless although samples often are pale yellow.  The principal industrial use of indene is in the production of indene/coumarone thermoplastic resins. Substituted indenes and their closely related indane derivatives are important structural motifs found in many natural products and biologically active molecules, such as sulindac.
Ham Common, London
Ham Common is an area of common land in Ham, Greater London. It is a conservation area in, and managed by, the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. It comprises 48.69 hectares (120.3 acres), the second largest area of common land in the borough, 2 acres (0.81 ha) smaller than Barnes Common. It is divided into two distinct habitats, grassland and woodland, separated by the A307, Upper Ham Road. It is an area of ecological, historical and recreational interest, designated a Local Nature Reserve.

Common land
Common land  is collective land (sometimes only open to those whose nation governs the land) in which all persons have certain common rights, such as to allow their livestock to graze upon it, to collect wood, or to cut turf for fuel. A person who has a right in, or over, common land jointly with another or others is usually called a commoner.

In Great Britain, common land or former common land is usually referred to as a common; for instance, Clapham Common and Mungrisdale Common. Due to enclosure, the extent of common land is now much reduced from the hundreds of square kilometres that existed until the 17th century, but a considerable amount of common land still exists, particularly in upland areas. There are over 8,000 registered commons in England alone.
Tim Hawes
Tim Hawes (born 30 April 1965) is an English born songwriter, record producer and music publisher who has achieved in excess of ten million record sales including five number one singles. He is also a recipient of the prestigious Ivor Novello award for songwriting. Hawes is known for his work with the Spice Girls, Five, Hear'Say, Sugababes, Mutya Buena, Monrose, Aaron Carter, No Angels, Cinema Bizarre, Aggro Santos, Jimmy Blue and Stefanie Heinzmann.

Hawes is currently CEO / partner of Zebra1.

Ivor Novello Awards
The Ivor Novello Awards, named after the Welsh entertainer Ivor Novello, are awards for songwriting and composing. They have been presented annually in London by the Ivors Academy, formerly called the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers, and Authors, since 1956.
Jedlnia-Letnisko
Jedlnia-Letnisko [ˈjɛdlɲa lɛtˈniskɔ] is a town in Radom County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is the seat of the administrative gmina district called Gmina Jedlnia-Letnisko. The village has a population of 3,692.

Radom County
Radom County (Polish: powiat radomski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Radom, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains three towns: Pionki, 22 km (14 mi) north-east of Radom, Iłża, 27 km (17 mi) south of Radom, and Skaryszew, 12 km (7 mi) south-east of Radom.

The county covers an area of 1,529.75 square kilometres (590.6 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 152,190, out of which the population of Pionki is 18,269, that of Iłża is 4,733, that of Skaryszew is 4,371, and the rural population is 124,817.
Jarrett Brown
Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is an American former football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders.

West Virginia Mountaineers football
The West Virginia Mountaineers football team represents West Virginia University (WVU) in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of college football. West Virginia plays its home games at Milan Puskar Stadium on the campus of West Virginia University in Morgantown, West Virginia. The Mountaineers have won or shared a total of 15 conference championships, including eight Southern Conference titles and seven Big East Conference titles. The Mountaineers compete in the Big 12 Conference.
Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy
Kerala Blasters Football Club Reserves and Academy, also known as Kerala Blasters B, are the reserve team and academy of the Kochi based Indian Super League club Kerala Blasters. The reserve team of the Blasters most recently competed in the Kerala Premier League, the top division of Kerala football and the RF Development League. The club's youth system also called as KBFC Young Blasters consists of three teams, Under-17, Under-15 and Under-13 age groups that competes in their respective age divisions of the Youth League. The youth teams of the Blasters has previously played in the Elite League, the top tier of the youth football system in India.

Youth League (India)
The Youth League is a system of youth football leagues that are managed, organised and controlled by the All India Football Federation. It consists of 3 age groups competitions: U17 (AIFF Youth League), U15 (Junior League) and U13 (Sub-Junior League).
Neferkare I
Neferkare I also spelled Neferkara I (Ancient Egyptian Nefer-Ka-Ra; which means “beautiful soul of Ra” or “the soul of Ra is perfect”, also spelled as Neferka and, alternatively, Aaka) is the cartouche name of a king (pharaoh) who is said to have ruled during the 2nd Dynasty of Ancient Egypt. The exact length of his reign is unknown since the Turin canon lacks the years of rulership and the ancient Egyptian priest Manetho suggests that Neferkare's reign lasted 25 years. Egyptologists evaluate his statement as a misinterpretation or exaggeration.

Turin King List
The Turin King List, also known as the Turin Royal Canon, is an ancient Egyptian hieratic papyrus thought to date from the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses II (r. 1279–1213 BC), now in the Museo Egizio (Egyptian Museum) in Turin. The papyrus is the most extensive list available of kings compiled by the ancient Egyptians, and is the basis for most Egyptian chronology before the reign of Ramesses II. The list records more than 200 kings, but not all names have survived.
Against All Will
Against All Will is an American rock quartet from Los Angeles, whose debut album lineup was formed in Spring 2009 by Jimmy Allen (formerly of Puddle of Mudd), Jeff Current (formerly of Seven Story Drop), Steve "Boomstick" Wilson (formerly of Dead Kennedys and t.A.T.u.), and Cello Dias (formerly of Soulfly).  The songs "All About You" and "The Drug I Need" from their debut album entitled A Rhyme & Reason ranked in the national rock radio top 50 in 2010.

Puddle of Mudd
Puddle of Mudd is an American rock band formed in Kansas City, Missouri in 1992. The band has sold over seven million albums. Their second album, Come Clean (2001), spawned the single "Blurry", which peaked at number 5 on the Billboard Hot 100, and remains their signature song. The album sold over five million copies by 2003, and was followed by six additional albums, the latest of which is Kiss the Machine (2025). Lead singer Wes Scantlin has served as the only consistent member throughout the band's history.

In 2013, the band was featured in an NME article titled "28 Nu-Metal Era Bands You Probably Forgot All About".