hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bhil
Bhil or Bheel are various indigenous groups inhabiting western India, including parts of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh and are also found in distant places such as Bengal and Tripura. Though they now speak the Bhili language, an Indo-Aryan language, the  aboriginal language that the Bhil originally spoke is lost. Bhils are divided into a number of endogamous territorial divisions, which in turn have a number of clans and lineages.

Bhils are listed as tribal people in the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan—all in the western Deccan regions and central India—as well as in Bengal and Tripura in far-eastern India, on the border with Bangladesh. Many Bhils speak the dominant language of the region they reside in, such as Marathi, Gujarati or Bengali.

Bhili language
Bhili (Bhili: भीली, ભીલી), IPA: [bʱiːliː], is a Western Indo-Aryan language spoken in west-central India, in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh. Other names for the language include Bhilboli and several Bhili varieties are called Garasia. Bhili is a member of the Bhil languages, which are related to Gujarati and Rajasthani. The language is written using the Devanagari script.

Bhili has no official status in India.
German submarine U-2327
German submarine U-2327 was a Type XXIII U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 20 September 1943, and was laid down on 16 May 1944 at Deutsche Werft, Hamburg, as yard number 481. She was launched on 29 July 1944 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Heinrich Mürl on 19 August 1944.

Type XXIII submarine
German Type XXIII submarines were the first so-called elektroboote ("electric boats") to become operational. They were small coastal submarines designed to operate in the shallow waters of the North Sea, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea, where larger Type XXI electric boats were at risk in World War II. They were so small they could carry only two torpedoes, which had to be loaded externally. As with their far larger sisters—the Type XXI—they were able to remain submerged almost all of the time and were faster than conventional U-boats, due to the improved streamlining of their shape, batteries with larger capacity and the snorkel, which allowed the diesel engines to be used while submerged. The Type XXI and XXIII U-boats revolutionized post-war submarine design. Nearly a thousand Type XXIII boats were projected towards the close of World War II, but most of these were either cancelled, scrapped incomplete, or only projected.
Standard cell
In semiconductor design, standard-cell methodology is a method of designing application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) with mostly digital-logic features. Standard-cell methodology is an example of design abstraction, whereby a low-level very-large-scale integration (VLSI) layout is encapsulated into an abstract logic representation (such as a NAND gate).

Cell-based methodology – the general class to which standard cells belong – makes it possible for one designer to focus on the high-level (logical function) aspect of digital design, while another designer focuses on the implementation (physical) aspect.  Along with semiconductor manufacturing advances, standard-cell methodology has helped designers scale ASICs from comparatively simple single-function ICs (of several thousand gates), to complex multi-million gate system-on-a-chip (SoC) devices.

Logic synthesis
In computer engineering, logic synthesis is a process by which an abstract specification of desired circuit behavior, typically at register transfer level (RTL), is turned into a design implementation in terms of logic gates, typically by a computer program called a synthesis tool. Common examples of this process include synthesis of designs specified in hardware description languages, including VHDL and Verilog. Some synthesis tools generate bitstreams for programmable logic devices such as PALs or FPGAs, while others target the creation of ASICs. Logic synthesis is one step in circuit design in the electronic design automation, the others are place and route and verification and validation.
Ishak Bey Kraloğlu
Ishak Bey Kraloğlu (Serbo-Croatian: Ishak-beg Kraljević, Исхак-бег Краљевић; died after 1493), christened Sigismund Tomašević (Сигисмунд Томашевић), was a Bosnian prince, a younger half-brother of the King Stjepan Tomašević, and the last known member of the House of Kotromanić. He became an Ottoman statesman after growing up at the Porte in Istambul.

He was captured during the Ottoman conquest of Bosnia in 1463, after which he converted to Islam and became a companion of Mehmed the Conqueror, eventually rising to the post of sanjak-bey.

Ottoman conquest of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Ottoman conquest of Bosnia and Herzegovina was a process that started roughly in 1386, when the first Ottoman attacks on the Kingdom of Bosnia took place. In 1451, more than 65 years after its initial attacks, the Ottoman Empire officially established the Bosansko Krajište (Bosnian Frontier), an interim borderland military administrative unit, an Ottoman frontier, in parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 1463, the Kingdom fell to the Ottomans, and this territory came under its firm control. Herzegovina gradually fell to the Ottomans by 1482. It took another century for the western parts of today's Bosnia to succumb to Ottoman attacks, ending with the capture of Bihać in 1592.
Foso College of Education
Foso College of Education is a co-educational teacher education college in Foso (Assin North Municipal District, Central Region, Ghana). The college is located in Central / Western zone. It is one of  46 public colleges of education in Ghana and participated in the DFID-funded T-TEL programme.

The principal is Dr. Anthony Baabereyir. Foso College of Education is affiliated to the University of Cape Coast.

Central Region (Ghana)
The Central Region is one of the sixteen administrative regions of Ghana. Ashanti and Eastern regions border it to the north, Western region to the west, Greater Accra region to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. The Central Region is renowned for its many elite high schools and an economy based on an abundance of industrial minerals and tourism. The Central region has tourist attractions including castles, forts and beaches along the region's coastline.
Over-the-knee boot
Over-the-knee boots (or cuissardes, which include thighboots, top boots, hip-boots, and waders), OTK boots, are long boots that fully or partly cover the knee. Originally created as a man's riding boot in the 15th century, in the latter part of the 20th century, the style was redefined as a fashion boot for women. Over-the-knee boots are also used as a work boot in circumstances requiring additional protection for the legs (e.g. fishing waders).

Waders (footwear)
Waders denotes a waterproof boot or overalls extending from the foot to the thigh, the chest or even the neck. They are traditionally made from vulcanised rubber, but available in more modern PVC, neoprene and Gore-Tex variants. Waders are generally distinguished from counterpart waterproof boots by shaft height; the hip boot extending to the thigh and the Wellington boot to the knee. For the sake of emphasis, therefore, waders are sometimes defined by the extent of their coverage as thigh waders, chest waders or full-body waders. As a drysuit variant, full-body waders come with leaktight cuffs or gloves fitted to the sleeves and with a leaktight collar or hood fitted to the neck, enabling the wearer to remain dry when standing or walking in deeper water. Waders are available with boots attached or can have attached stocking feet (usually made of the wader material), to wear inside boots, or inside swimfins in the case of float tube fishing.
Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath al-Kindi
Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn al-Ash'ath ibn Qays al-Kindī (Arabic: أبو القاسم محمد بن الأشعث بن قيس الكندي; died 686) was the chieftain of the Kinda tribe in Kufa, succeeding his father al-Ash'ath ibn Qays. He served as governor of Tabaristan under the Umayyad viceroy of Iraq, Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad and later as the governor of Mosul under the anti-Umayyad caliph Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr. He died fighting for the latter's brother and governor of Iraq, Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr, against the pro-Alid ruler of Kufa, Mukhtar al-Thaqafi, at the Battle of Harura in 686.

Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr
Mu'sab ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam al-Asadi (Arabic: مُصْعَبِ ٱبْن الزُّبَيْرِ ٱبْن الْعَوَّامِ الأَسَدِيّ, romanized: Muṣʿab ibn al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām al-ʾAsadī; died October 691) was the governor of Basra in 686–691 for his brother, the Mecca-based Caliph Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, during the Second Fitna. Mus'ab was a son of Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, a prominent companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Before becoming governor, he led an unsuccessful campaign against Umayyad-held Palestine. He defeated and killed the Pro-Alid revolutionary Mukhtar al-Thaqafi after a series of battles in 687, gaining control over all of Iraq. Complaints from the Iraqis caused his removal from office by his brother, but he was restored shortly after. He was killed by Umayyad forces led by Caliph Abd al-Malik in the Battle of Maskin four years later.
Arkansas Highway 288
Highway 288 (AR 288, Ark. 288 and Hwy. 288) is a designation for two east–west state highways in northwest Arkansas. One segment of 10.03 miles (16.14 km) runs from Highway 41 near Peter Pender east to Highway 309. A second segment of 4.63 miles (7.45 km) runs east connecting Highway 197 to Highway 109.

Arkansas Highway 109
Highway 109 is a 44-mile-long (71 km) highway in western Arkansas.  It runs from the Ouachita Mountains to the Arkansas River Valley in Logan and Johnson counties. There are no spur routes associated with this highway.

Mount Magazine can be seen to the east on the southern portion of the route.  It can also be seen south of the Highway 22 portion of the Route.

One of the most famous feature on the route is the Morrison Bluff Bridge, also known as the Ada Mills Bridge, over the Arkansas River. This 1.6-mile (2.6 km) bridge claims to be the longest over the Arkansas River and also the longest bridge in Arkansas. However, it is shorter than two current Mississippi River bridges partially located in Arkansas, the Hernando de Soto Bridge and the Greenville Bridge.
Somersham
Somersham is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England. Somersham lies approximately 9 miles (14 km) east of Huntingdon and 4 miles (6 km) north of St Ives. Somersham is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England.

There has been a settlement in this corner of the country for at least 2,500 years and probably much longer than that. The village may not be full of ancient buildings, but it possesses a rich heritage of recorded history. Somersham lies on the Greenwich meridian line. There is a marker on the pavement in the High Street denoting the location of the October 1884 Greenwich Prime Zero meridian line.

There was once a railway station at Somersham connecting it to the towns of March and St Ives, as well as a short branch to Ramsey.

Ramsey, Cambridgeshire
Ramsey is a market town and civil parish in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. The town is about 9 miles (14 km) north of Huntingdon. Ramsey parish includes the settlements of Ramsey Forty Foot, Ramsey Heights, Ramsey Mereside, Ramsey Hollow and Ramsey St Mary's.

The town grew up around Ramsey Abbey, an important Benedictine monastery. In the order of precedence for abbots in Parliament, Ramsey was third after Glastonbury and St Albans.
The town manor is built on the site of (and using materials from) the ancient Abbey and is the seat of the Lords de Ramsey, major landowners in Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire. The remains of the Abbey are now home to part of the town's secondary school. Abbey College, Ramsey resulted from the amalgamation of the previous two secondary schools, Ailwyn School and Ramsey Abbey School.
Kula plate
The Kula plate was an oceanic tectonic plate under the northern Pacific Ocean south of the Near Islands segment of the Aleutian Islands. It has been subducted under the North American plate at the Aleutian Trench, being replaced by the Pacific plate.

The name Kula is from a Tlingit language word meaning "all gone".  As the name suggests, the Kula plate was entirely subducted around 48 Ma and today only a slab in the mantle under the Bering Sea remains. There is some evidence of a Resurrection plate broken off from the Kula plate and also subducted.

North American plate
The North American plate is a tectonic plate containing most of North America, Cuba, the Bahamas, extreme northeastern Asia, and parts of Iceland and the Azores. With an area of 76 million km2 (29 million sq mi), it is the Earth's second largest tectonic plate, behind the Pacific plate (which borders the plate to the west).

It extends eastward to the seismically active Mid-Atlantic Ridge at the Azores triple junction plate boundary where it meets the Eurasian plate and Nubian plate.
and westward to the Chersky Range in eastern Siberia. The plate includes both continental and oceanic crust. The interior of the main continental landmass includes an extensive granitic core called a craton. Along most of the edges of this craton are fragments of crustal material called terranes, which are accreted to the craton by tectonic actions over a long span of time. Much of North America west of the Rocky Mountains is composed of such terranes.
Orston
Orston is an English village and civil parish in the Rushcliffe borough of Nottinghamshire, 15 miles (24 km) east of Nottingham. It borders the parishes of Scarrington, Thoroton, Flawborough, Bottesford and Elton on the Hill. The population at the 2011 census was 454, increasing to 512 residents at the 2021 census.

Borough of Rushcliffe
Rushcliffe is a local government district with borough status in south Nottinghamshire, England. Its council is based in West Bridgford. The borough also includes the towns of Bingham and Cotgrave as well as numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. Some of the built-up areas in the north-west of the borough, including West Bridgford, form part of the Nottingham Urban Area.

The neighbouring districts are Broxtowe, Nottingham, Gedling, Newark and Sherwood, Melton, Charnwood, North West Leicestershire and Erewash.
J. Beverley Smith
Jenkyn Beverley Smith, FLSW, FRHistS (27 September 1931 – 19 February 2024), published as J. Beverley Smith, was a Welsh historian of medieval Wales, who was successively Sir John Williams Professor of Welsh History (1986–1995), Research Professor of Welsh History (1995–1999) and Emeritus Professor (1999–2024) at Aberystwyth University.

Learned Society of Wales
The Learned Society of Wales (Welsh: Cymdeithas Ddysgedig Cymru) is a national academy, learned society and charity that exists to "celebrate, recognise, preserve, protect and encourage excellence in all of the scholarly disciplines", and to serve the Welsh nation.

The Learned Society of Wales is Wales's first and only all-embracing national scholarly academy.  A registered charity, it was established and launched on 25 May 2010 at the National Museum of Wales and was granted a Royal Charter in 2015. The society is headquartered in Cardiff.

It is an independent, self-governing, pan-disciplinary, bilingual organisation operating throughout Wales, and is a founding member of the Celtic Academies Alliance.
Plant reproduction
Plants may reproduce sexually or asexually. Sexual reproduction produces offspring by the fusion of gametes, resulting in offspring genetically different from either parent. Vegetative reproduction produces new individuals without the fusion of gametes, resulting in clonal plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant and each other, unless mutations occur. In asexual reproduction, only one parent is involved.

Vegetative reproduction
Vegetative reproduction (also known as vegetative propagation, vegetative multiplication or cloning) is a form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment or cutting of the parent plant or  specialized reproductive structures, which are sometimes called vegetative propagules.

Many plants naturally reproduce this way, but it can also be induced artificially. Horticulturists have developed asexual propagation techniques that use vegetative propagules to replicate plants. Success rates and difficulty of propagation vary greatly.  Monocotyledons typically lack a vascular cambium, making them more challenging to propagate.
Bhildi Junction railway station
Bhildi Junction railway station is a major railway station in Banaskantha district, Gujarat, India on the Western line of the Western Railway network. Bhildi is a junction railway station having two line Bhildi-Gandhidham line, Bhildi-Samdari line and Bhildi-Patan line  Bhildi Junction railway station is 46 kilometres (29 mi) from Palanpur Junction. Passenger, Express and Superfast trains halt here.

Palanpur Junction railway station
Palanpur Junction railway station is a major railway station located in Palanpur, Gujarat, India. The railway station is under the administrative control of Western Railway of Indian Railways. Palanpur Junction railway station has five platforms and a total of six tracks.
Hamish Maxwell
Hamish Walter Hyslop Maxwell (August 24, 1926 – April 19, 2014) was a British-born American businessman and executive, best known for steering Philip Morris Companies Inc.—now Altria Group—through a period of intensive growth, corporate transformation, and international expansion from 1984 to 1991. As CEO and chairman, Maxwell orchestrated several of the largest and most consequential acquisitions in the company’s history, establishing Philip Morris as one of the world's biggest global consumer products companies.

Altria
Altria Group, Inc. is an American corporation and one of the world's largest producers and marketers of tobacco, cigarettes, and medical products in the treatment of illnesses caused by tobacco. It operates worldwide and is headquartered in the city of Richmond, Virginia.

Altria is the parent company of Philip Morris USA, John Middleton, Inc., U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company, Inc., Philip Morris Capital Corporation, and NJOY Holdings, Inc. Altria also maintains large minority stakes in Belgium-based brewer AB InBev and the Canadian cannabis company Cronos Group. It is a component of the S&P 500 and was a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average from 1985 to 2008, dropping due to spin-offs of Kraft Foods Inc. in 2007 and Philip Morris International in 2008.
Sunshine State Conference women's basketball tournament
The Sunshine State Conference women's basketball tournament is the annual conference women's basketball championship tournament for the NCAA Division II Sunshine State Conference. The tournament has been held annually since 1982. It is a single-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular season records.

The tournament champion receives the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Women's Division II Basketball Championship.

Florida Southern have been the most successful program, with twelve titles.

NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament
The NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament (officially styled as "Championship" instead of "Tournament") is an annual tournament to determine the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II women's college basketball national champion.

Basketball was one of 12 women's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981–82 school year, as the NCAA and Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) sought for sole governance of women's collegiate athletics. The AIAW continued to conduct its established championships; however, after a year of dual women's championships at the national level, the AIAW disbanded.

The 2020 Elite Eight was due to be held at the Birmingham CrossPlex in Birmingham, AL before the NCAA called off the tournament due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

The field was reduced to 48 in 2021 and returned to the normal 64 in 2022.

Grand Valley State are the defending national champions, winning their second national title in 2025.
2C-T-30
2C-T-30, also known as 2C-T-FB or as 4-(4-fluorobutylthio)-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a serotonin receptor modulator of the phenethylamine and 2C families. It is the derivative of 2C-T in which the 4-methylthio group has been replaced with a 4-(4-fluorobutylthio) group. According to Daniel Trachsel, 2C-T-30 was not clearly active at a dose of 6 mg plus 3 mg orally and its duration and effects are unknown. However, it was said that it might have helped increase ability to concentrate on tasks. The drug is a potent partial agonist of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor and also interacts with other serotonin receptors and targets. The chemical synthesis of 2C-T-30 has been described. 2C-T-30 was first described in the scientific literature by Trachsel in 2003. It is a controlled substance in Canada under phenethylamine blanket-ban language.

2C (psychedelics)
2C (2C-x) is a general name for the family of psychedelic phenethylamines containing methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of a benzene ring. Most of these compounds also carry lipophilic substituents at the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more metabolically stable and longer acting compounds.

Most of the early 2C drugs were developed by Alexander Shulgin in the 1970s and 1980s and were reviewed in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved). 2C-B is the most popular of the 2C drugs.
Cell lineage
Cell lineage denotes the developmental history of a tissue or organ from the fertilized egg. This is based on the tracking of an organism's cellular ancestry due to the cell divisions and relocation as time progresses. This starts with the originator cells and finishes with a mature cell that can no longer divide.

This type of lineage can be studied by marking a cell (with fluorescent molecules or other traceable markers) and following its progeny after cell division. Some organisms, such as C. elegans, have a predetermined pattern of cell progeny and the adult male will always consist of 1031 cells. This is because cell division in C. elegans is genetically determined and known as eutely. This causes the cell lineage and cell fate to be highly correlated. Other organisms, such as humans, have variable lineages and somatic cell numbers.

Eutely
Eutelic organisms have a fixed number of somatic cells when they reach maturity, the exact number being relatively constant for any one species. This phenomenon is also referred to as cell constancy. Development proceeds by cell division until maturity; further growth occurs via cell enlargement only. This growth is known as auxetic growth. It is shown by members of the now obsolete phylum Aschelminthes. In some cases, individual organs show eutelic properties while the organism itself does not.
Sophomoric humor
Sophomoric humor (also called juvenile humor or schoolboy humor) is any type of humor that is considered silly, immature, or childish. The phrase can be derisive, but is also used to refer to a style or type of comedic act.

It is a type of comedy that often includes toilet humor.

Toilet humour
Toilet humour is a type of off-colour humour dealing with: defecation (including diarrhea and constipation), in which case it is called scatological humour (compare scatology); urination; flatulence, in which case it is called flatulence humor; or, to a lesser extent, vomiting and other bodily functions.

Toilet humour is commonly an interest of toddlers and young children, for whom cultural taboos related to acknowledgement of waste excretion still have a degree of novelty. The humour comes from the rejection of such taboos, and is a part of modern culture.