hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giuseppe Giannini
Giuseppe Giannini Cavaliere OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈzɛppe dʒanˈniːni]; born 20 August 1964) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

He spent the majority of his 15-year playing career with A.S. Roma, and was regarded by supporters as a club symbol, before his successor in the number-10 shirt and offensive midfield playmaker role, Francesco Totti. He played 47 times for Italy and starred in the teams that reached the semi-finals of the 1988 UEFA European Championship, and subsequently the 1990 FIFA World Cup on home soil.

He was often referred to as "Il Principe" (The Prince) by Italian sports journalists during his playing career, a reference to his grace on the pitch.

UEFA Euro 1988
The 1988 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament was held in West Germany from 10 to 25 June 1988. It was the eighth UEFA European Championship, which is held every four years and supported by UEFA. France were the defending champions, but failed to qualify. The tournament crowned the Netherlands as European champions for the first time.

Euro 1988 was a rare instance of a major football tournament ending without a single sending-off or goalless draw, nor any knockout matches going to extra time or penalties. This was the final European Championship to feature teams from West Germany and the Soviet Union, as the West and East Germans reunified to become Germany in 1990, and the Soviet Union disintegrated into 15 countries in 1991.
Inkwanca Local Municipality
Inkwanca Local Municipality was a local municipality that forms part of the Chris Hani District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Inkwanca is an isiXhosa name meaning cold. The municipal area is the coldest area in the country and the lowest temperatures are recorded in the area every year. After municipal elections on 3 August 2016 it was merged into the larger Enoch Mgijima Local Municipality.

Xhosa language
Xhosa (/ˈkoʊsə/ KOH-sə, Xhosa: [ᵏǁʰôːsa] ⓘ), formerly spelled Xosa and also known by its local name isiXhosa, is a Bantu language, indigenous to Southern Africa and one of the official languages of South Africa and Zimbabwe.

Xhosa is spoken as a first language by approximately 8 million people and as a second language in South Africa, particularly in Eastern Cape, Western Cape, Northern Cape and Gauteng, and also in parts of Zimbabwe and Lesotho. It has perhaps the heaviest functional load of click consonants in a Bantu language (approximately tied with Yeyi), with one count finding that 10% of basic vocabulary items contained a click.
Penelope Allison
Penelope Mary "Pim" Allison (born 1954) is a New Zealand academic archaeologist specialising in the Roman Empire. Since 2015, she has been professor of archaeology at the University of Leicester. She is also a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and an Honorary Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities.

Australian Academy of the Humanities
The Australian Academy of the Humanities was established by Royal Charter in 1969 to advance scholarship and public interest in the humanities in Australia. It operates as an independent not-for-profit organisation partly funded by the Australian Government.
Bilsthorpe
Bilsthorpe is a village and civil parish in the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire, England.   According to the 2001 census it had a population of 3,076, increasing to 3,375 at the 2011 census, and dropping slightly to 3,365 at the 2021 census. It is located near the junction of the A614 and A617, around five miles south of Ollerton, nine miles east of Mansfield and six miles north-west of Southwell.

Ollerton
Ollerton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ollerton and Boughton, in the Newark and Sherwood district, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England, on the edge of Sherwood Forest in the area known as the Dukeries. The village is close to New Ollerton. The population of Ollerton and Boughton at the 2011 census was 9,840.

The area is sometimes differentiated locally using the names New Ollerton for the post-1900 expansion, compared with Old Ollerton referring to the original village clustered around the church, river and mill.
Batil Spur
Batil Spur (Bulgarian: Батилов рид, ‘Batilov Rid’ \ba-'ti-lov 'rid\) is the rocky ridge extending 3.9 km and 1.3 km wide, forming the southeast extremity of Flowers Hills on the east side of Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains.  It surmounts Rutford Ice Stream to the east and the ends of its tributaries flowing from Sikera Valley and Doyran Heights to the west.

The peak is named after the medieval fortress of Batil in Western Bulgaria.

Doyran Heights
Doyran Heights (Bulgarian: Дойрански възвишения, romanized: Doyranski Vazvisheniya, IPA: [ˈdɔjrɐnski vɐzviˈʃɛnijɐ]) are the heights rising to 3473 m at Mount Tuck in the east foothills of Vinson Massif and Craddock Massif in Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica, extending 30.8 km in north–south direction and 16.5 km in east–west direction.  They are bounded by Thomas Glacier to the south and southwest, Dater Glacier and Hansen Glacier to the northwest and north, and Sikera Valley to the east, linked to Craddock Massif to the west by Goreme Col, and separated from Veregava Ridge to the north by Manole Pass and from Flowers Hills to the northeast by Kostinbrod Pass. Their interior is drained by Guerrero, Hough, Remington and Obelya Glaciers.

The heights are named after the settlements of Doyrantsi in Northeastern and Southern Bulgaria.
Banach–Mazur theorem
In functional analysis, a field of mathematics, a key object of study is a normed space, which is a vector space equipped with a norm, which allows vectors to be measured. When they are infinite dimensional, normed spaces can be very complicated. A standard normed space is the space  of continuous functions on the unit interval, , which is equipped with the norm , the maximum value of the function.

The Banach–Mazur theorem is a theorem that provides one way of bounding the complexity of certain well-behaved normed spaces (separable).  It states that every such normed space can be embedded into the normed space , in such a way that the norm (length) of every vector is preserved (a property known as an isometry). It is named after Stefan Banach and Stanisław Mazur.

Isometry
In mathematics, an isometry (or congruence, or congruent transformation) is a distance-preserving transformation between metric spaces, usually assumed to be bijective. The word isometry is derived from the Ancient Greek: ἴσος isos meaning "equal", and μέτρον metron meaning "measure". If the transformation is from a metric space to itself, it is a kind of geometric transformation known as a motion.
Dick Durrell
Richard J. Durrell (ca. 1925 – March 7, 2008) was an American advertising executive and one of the founding staff members for  People magazine.

Durrell turned down an offer to play baseball for the Brooklyn Dodgers franchise in order to attend the University of Minnesota, from which he graduated in 1948.

For most of his career, he worked for Time Inc., retiring in 1983. In his retirement years, he occasionally taught a course titled "Magazine Publication and Related Communications" at Sacred Heart University in Fairfield, Connecticut.

He was married to Jacquelyn Carmen (Dow) Durrell, a former Connecticut State Representative and First Selectman of Fairfield.

Fairfield, Connecticut
Fairfield is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It borders the city of Bridgeport and towns of Trumbull, Easton, Weston, and Westport along the Gold Coast of Connecticut. As of 2020, the town had a population of 61,512. The town is part of the Greater Bridgeport Planning Region. Fairfield is a hub of higher education, enrolling more than 17,000 students between Sacred Heart University and Fairfield University.
Samantha Smith (gymnast)
Samantha Smith (born April 1, 1992) is a Canadian former trampoline gymnast. She is the 2019 Pan American Games individual champion and 2019 World Championships team and synchro bronze medalist. She represented Canada at the 2020 Summer Olympics and competed at every World Championships from 2010 to 2019.

2019 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships
The 2019 Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships was held in Tokyo, Japan from November 28 to December 1, 2019. The competition took place at the Ariake Gymnastics Centre, the same venue that would also host the gymnastics competitions at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics, and served as a test event and a qualifier for the 2020 Summer Olympics.

37 federations had registered for the event.
Mabel Houze Hubbard
Mabel Evelyn Houze Hubbard (December 22, 1936 – December 9, 2006) was an American judge and teacher. After beginning her career as an English teacher and school administrator, she went back to school herself when she had children, enrolling in law school at the University of Maryland. This led to a second career as a jurist: in 1981, she was appointed by Governor Harry R. Hughes to the Maryland District Court for Baltimore City and four years later to the Circuit Court, again for Baltimore. She was the first African American woman in each of those roles.

Harry Hughes
Harry Roe Hughes (November 13, 1926 – March 13, 2019) was an American politician from Maryland. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1955 to 1959, a member of the Maryland Senate from 1959 to 1970, and the 57th Governor of Maryland  from 1979 to 1987.
Quercus durata
Quercus durata, commonly known as leather oak, is a species of oak in the white oak group (subgenus Quercus, section Quercus). The common name "leather oak" is derived from the leathery texture on the lop of its leaves.

It is endemic to California, common in the Coast Ranges and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. It is found nearly exclusively on serpentine soil.

Quercus subg. Quercus
Quercus subgenus Quercus is one of the two subgenera into which the genus Quercus was divided in a 2017 classification (the other being subgenus Cerris). It contains about 190 species divided among five sections. It may be called the New World clade or the high-latitude clade; most species are native to the Americas, the others being found in Eurasia and northernmost North Africa.
Czech Gothic architecture
Czech Gothic architecture refers to the architectural period primarily of the Late Middle Ages in the area of the present-day Czech Republic (former Crown of Bohemia, primarily consisting of the Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia).

The Gothic style first appeared in the Czech lands in the first half of the 13th century and was common there until the early 16th century. The phases of the development of the Gothic architecture in the Czech lands are often named after the Bohemian ruling dynasty of the corresponding time:

Early Gothic – Přemyslid Gothic (13th and early 14th century)

High Gothic – Luxembourg Gothic (14th and early 15th century)

Late Gothic – Jagiellonian Gothic (approximately 1471–1526)

The most significant Gothic architects who worked in the Czech lands (especially in Bohemia) were Peter Parler and Benedikt Ried.

Přemyslid dynasty
The Přemyslid dynasty or House of Přemysl (Czech: Přemyslovci, German: Przemysliden, Polish: Przemyślidzi) was a Bohemian royal dynasty that reigned in the Duchy of Bohemia and later Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia (9th century – 1306), as well as in parts of Poland (including Silesia), Hungary and Austria.
Gifty Eugenia Kwofie
Gifty Eugenia Kusi (nee Kwofie) (born 11 February 1958) is a Ghanaian politician. She was the member of the Fourth parliament of the Fourth Republic of Ghana to the Tarkwa-Nsuaem (Ghana parliament constituency) from 2001 to 2017. She is also the principal research assistant in the department of Community Health at the University of Ghana Medical School-Korle-Bu.

University of Ghana Medical School
The University of Ghana Medical School also UGMS is the medical school of Ghana's first public research institution, the University of Ghana. It is currently located at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra. The medical school was first planned in 1919, but took its first students in 1962.
Natasha Mazzone
Natasha Wendy Anita Mazzone MP OSI (born 9 May 1979) is a South African politician who served as the Chief Whip of the Official Opposition in the National Assembly of South Africa from October 2019 until August 2022. She has been a member of the National Assembly, representing the Democratic Alliance (DA), since 2009. She was the second Deputy Federal Council Chairperson of the DA and the party's spokesperson on state capture. Mazzone has previously served as Shadow Minister of Public Enterprises and of Communications.

Democratic Alliance Federal Council
The Democratic Alliance Federal Council (FedCo) is the governing and policy-making body of the Democratic Alliance, the second-largest political party by number of seats in Parliament in South Africa. It sits when the party's Federal Congress is not in session.

The FedCo has been chaired by former DA Leader and former Premier of the Western Cape Helen Zille since 2019. Zille has three Deputies to assist her; Thomas Walters, Annelie Lotriet, and Ashor Sarupen.

The FedCo's main counterpart is the National Executive Committee of the African National Congress.
Nobby, Queensland
Nobby is a rural town and locality on the Darling Downs  in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, Australia. It is located halfway between Toowoomba and Warwick. It is known for its association with Steele Rudd (author) and Sister Elizabeth Kenny (effective treatment of polio using physiotherapy). In the 2021 census, the locality of Nobby had a population of 609 people.

Warwick, Queensland
Warwick (/ˈwɒrɪk/ WORR-ik) is a rural town and locality in southeast Queensland, Australia, lying 130 kilometres (81 mi) south-west of Brisbane. It is the administrative centre of the Southern Downs Region local government area. The surrounding Darling Downs have fostered a strong agricultural industry for which Warwick, together with the larger city of Toowoomba, serve as convenient service centres. In the 2021 census, the locality of Warwick had a population of 12,294 people.
Murat Kuchukov Movement
The Murat Kuchukov Movement, also known as the 1708 Insurgency in Chechnya or the 1708 Insurgency in the North Caucasus, was caused by the oppressive policies of Russia towards the North Caucasian peoples as well as the teachings and propaganda of the Islamic preacher and military commander Murat Kuchukov, a Bashkir prince who had previously participated in the Bashkir rebellion of 1704–1711.

Although successful at first, Russian and Kalmyk reinforcements at Terki resulted in the defeat of the rebels and the decline of the insurgency. Murat Kuchukov, who started the insurgency, aimed to break through Russian fortress of Terki, travel North and join the Bashkir rebels, but was wounded, captured and eventually executed following his defeat at Terki.

The insurgency was the first major confrontation between the Chechens and Russia.

Bashkir rebellion of 1704–1711
The Bashkir Rebellion from 1704 to 1711 was one of the longest in the series of Bashkir rebellions in the 17th and 18th centuries in the Russian Empire. The Bashkir uprisings of 1662–1664, 1681–1684, and 1704–1711 have been treated at length by Soviet and post-Soviet historians as evidence of Bashkiria's gradual incorporation into the empire and of Bashkir resistance to colonial oppression.
Iris (given name)
Iris (from Greek Ἶρις Ancient Greek: [îːris], the messenger of the gods among themselves and the personification of ἶρις, the "rainbow") is a feminine name.

The name came into use in English-speaking countries in the 1500s, first in reference to the goddess, and was later used along with other Ancient Greek names revived by 17th-century British poets, such as Doris and Phyllis. It is also used in reference to the flowering plant and likely inspired the use of other botanical names that became popular in the Anglosphere during the Victorian era.

The name has ranked among the top 100 names given to baby girls in Belgium, England, France, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, the United States, and Wales during the 2010s. It ranked 101st on the popularity chart in Canada in 2021, with 255 newborn Canadian girls given the name in that year.

Notable people and characters with the name include:

Iris (mythology)
In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Iris (/ˈaɪrɪs/; EYE-riss; Ancient Greek: Ἶρις, romanized: Îris, lit. 'rainbow,' Ancient Greek: [îːris]) is a daughter of the gods Thaumas and Electra, and the personification of the rainbow. She functions as a messenger and servant to the Olympians, particularly Hera. Iris was traditionally seen as the consort of Zephyrus, the god of the west wind and one of the four Anemoi, by whom she is the mother of Pothos in some texts.

While Iris appears in several stories running errands or carrying messages to and from the gods, she has no unique mythology of her own. There are only a few traces of archaic worship and cultic activity on the island of Delos, and mentions of her worship are scant in surviving records. In ancient art, Iris was depicted as a winged young woman carrying a caduceus, the symbol of messengers, and a pitcher of water for the gods.
College Park–Bethesda Line
The College Park–Bethesda Line, designated Route J4, was a rush hour-only MetroExtra bus route operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority between the College Park–University of Maryland station of the Green and Yellow Lines of the Washington Metro and Bethesda station of the Red Line of the Washington Metro. The J4 operated throughout the neighborhoods in Prince George's and Montgomery counties in Maryland.

Prince George's County, Maryland
Prince George's County (often shortened to PG County, PG, or PGC) is located in the U.S. state of Maryland bordering the eastern portion of Washington, D.C. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 967,201, making it the second-most populous county in Maryland, behind neighboring Montgomery County. The 2020 census counted an increase of nearly 104,000 in the previous ten years. Its county seat is Upper Marlboro. It is the most populous African American-majority county in the United States, as well as the second most affluent behind neighboring Charles County.

The county is part of the Capital region of the state, though portions of the county are considered to be in Southern Maryland. The county also hosts many federal governmental facilities, such as Joint Base Andrews and the United States Census Bureau headquarters.
SAMUS: South African Music Studies
SAMUS: South African Music Studies is an annual peer-reviewed academic journal and the official journal of the South African Society for Research in Music (SASRIM). The journal is abstracted and indexed in RILM and The Music Index. Online access is provided by Sabinet Online, and African Journals OnLine. The journal is a successor of the South African Journal of Musicology which was published by the former Musicological Society of Southern Africa. SASRIM was established in 2006 as an amalgamation of the Musicological Society of Southern Africa and the Ethnomusicology Symposium. The journal covers research in musicology, ethnomusicology, music theory and analysis, popular music, composition, performance, music therapy, and music education. The journal is published once a year.

EBSCO Information Services
EBSCO Information Services, headquartered in Ipswich, Massachusetts, is a division of EBSCO Industries Inc., a private company headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama. EBSCO provides products and services to libraries of many types around the world. Its products include EBSCONET, a complete e-resource management system, and EBSCOhost, which supplies a fee-based online research service with 375 full-text databases, a collection of 600,000-plus ebooks, subject indexes, point-of-care medical references, and an array of historical digital archives. In 2010, EBSCO introduced its EBSCO Discovery Service (EDS) to institutions, which allows searches of a portfolio of journals and magazines.
Steeton, West Yorkshire
Steeton is a village in the City of Bradford metropolitan borough, West Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the West Riding, it is 5 miles (8 km) south-east of Skipton, 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Keighley and just south of the A629 road. The village is part of Steeton with Eastburn civil parish.

A629 road
The A629 road is an intra-Yorkshire road that runs from Skipton to Rotherham through Keighley, Halifax, Huddersfield and Chapeltown in Yorkshire, England. The road runs through North, West and South Yorkshire, but before 1974, the entire length of the road was wholly within the boundaries of the West Riding of Yorkshire. It is designated as a primary route through most of its length.

The road is part of the intended Doncaster to Kendal Trunk Route which was designated as a trunk road in 1946.

Parts of the road are designated as a High Load Route by the UK Government although the section through Burncross to Chapeltown is designated as B road (B6546) because of a weight restriction.
Ponkey Crossing Halt railway station
Ponkey Crossing Halt railway station served the southern area of Ponciau, a village that lies within the community of Rhosllanerchrugog in Wales. Opened in 1905, it had closed by 1915, partly as a result of WWI and also due to road transport competition. On 1 August 1861, the Great Western Railway had opened a mineral branch from just north of Ruabon to serve the blast furnaces of the iron works at Aberderfyn and Ponciau. The line was extended to Legacy on 27 August 1876.

Ruabon railway station
Ruabon railway station (Welsh: Rhiwabon) is a combined rail and bus interchange serving Ruabon, Wrexham County Borough, Wales. It is the second busiest station in Wrexham County Borough in terms of passenger journeys, after the mainline station, Wrexham General. It is on the Shrewsbury to Chester Line, which is part of the former Great Western Railway mainline route from London Paddington to Birkenhead Woodside which lasted until 1967.
Stigeoclonium
Stigeoclonium is a genus of green algae in the family Chaetophoraceae. It is a common freshwater genus, found growing attached to various substrates; it has a cosmopolitan distribution.

There are currently 53 accepted species within this group. However, recent phylogenetics have identified that this group is polyphyletic and will need reassessment.

The holotype for this genus is S. tenue, described in 1843 by F.T. Kützing. It was first described in 1814 by Carl Agardh under the basionym Draparnaldia tenuis. The name Stigeoclonium has been conserved against the genus Myxonema named by Elias Magnus Fries; Myxonema is a heterogeneous assemblage of various algae.

Chaetophoraceae
Chaetophoraceae is a family of green algae in the order Chaetophorales.

Members of the family are variously semi-terrestrial to aquatic in habitat, and consist of branched filaments in two parts, a prostrate system of filaments and an erect system of filaments. During germination, the zoospore is erect and divides parallel to the substrate. The prostrate system develops from successive divisions of the original zoospore cell, and consists of filaments with square cells attached to the surface, or long thin rhizoids which penetrate the surface. The erect system consists of one, two or several erect branched filaments, sometimes terminating in long hairs.