hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NKVD prisoner massacre in Zolochiv
The NKVD prisoner massacre in Zolochiv was a Soviet war crime conducted by the NKVD in the city of Zolochiv, then in occupied Poland and now in Ukraine. In the last days of June 1941, following the German invasion of the USSR, the Soviets executed an estimated 650 to 720 prisoners held in the Zolochiv prison. This atrocity was one of several prisoner massacres carried out by the Soviet secret police and army during the summer of 1941.

NKVD prisoner massacres
The NKVD prisoner massacres were a series of mass executions of political prisoners carried out by the NKVD, the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union, across Eastern Europe, primarily in Poland, Ukraine, the Baltic states, and Bessarabia. After the start of the German invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, NKVD troops were supposed to evacuate political prisoners to the interior of the Soviet Union, but the hasty retreat of the Red Army, a lack of transportation and other supplies, and general disregard for legal procedures often led to prisoners being simply executed.

Estimates of the death toll vary by location; nearly 9,000 in the Ukrainian SSR, 20,000–30,000 in eastern Poland (now part of Western Ukraine), with the total number reaching approximately 100,000 extrajudicial executions in the span of a few weeks.
Manila massacre
The Manila massacre (Filipino: Pagpatay sa Maynila or Masaker sa Maynila), also called the Rape of Manila (Paggahasa ng Maynila), involved atrocities committed against Filipino civilians in the City of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, by Japanese troops during the Battle of Manila (3 February 1945 – 3 March 1945) which occurred during World War II. At least 100,000 civilians were killed in total during the battle from all causes, including the massacre by Japanese troops.

The Manila massacre was one of several major war crimes committed by the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Japanese commanding admiral, Sanji Iwabuchi, who stood behind the massacre committed suicide during the battle. The Japanese commanding general, Tomoyuki Yamashita, and his chief of staff Akira Mutō, were held responsible for the massacre and other war crimes in a trial which started in October 1945. Yamashita was hanged on 23 February 1946 and Mutō on 23 December 1948.

Fort Santiago
Fort Santiago (Spanish: Fuerte de Santiago; Filipino: Moóg ng Santiago), built in 1571, is a citadel or castle built by Spanish navigator and governor Miguel López de Legazpi for the newly established city of Manila in the Philippines. The defense fortress is located in Intramuros, the walled city of Manila.

The fort is one of the most important historical sites in Manila. Several people died in its prisons during the Spanish Empire and World War II. José Rizal, the Philippine national hero, was imprisoned here before his execution in 1896. The Rizal Shrine museum displays memorabilia of the hero in their collection and the fort features, embedded onto the ground in bronze, his footsteps representing his final walk from his cell to the location of the actual execution.

It is only a few meters away from the Manila Cathedral and the Palacio del Gobernador (lit. Governor's Palace, currently the office of the Commission on Elections).
R. W. R. McDonald
R. W. R. McDonald is a New Zealand-born, Melbourne-based author of adult and children's fiction. He is best known for his crime novels The Nancys.(2019), Nancy Business(2021) and The Nancys and the Case of the Missing Necklace (2025), as well as the audio-first murder mystery An Ambush of Widows (2024). McDonald is also the author of children's picture books Happy Millionth Birthday (2023) and Rainbow Street (2025) His work has been internationally published in the United Kingdom and North America.

Ngaio Marsh Awards
The Ngaio Marsh Awards (formerly Ngaio Marsh Award), popularly called the Ngaios, are literary awards presented annually in New Zealand to recognise excellence in crime fiction, mystery, and thriller writing. The Awards were established by journalist and legal editor Craig Sisterson in 2010, and are named after Dame Ngaio Marsh, one of the four Queens of Crime of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction. The Award is presented at the WORD Christchurch Writers & Readers Festival in Christchurch, the hometown of Dame Ngaio.
Vilhelm Lie
Vilhelm Gabriel Heiberg Lie (1877–1935) was a Norwegian civil servant.

He was a son of Emil Bernhard Lie (1836–1891), a brother of Bernt Lie and a nephew of writer Jonas Lie. His father was a first cousin of Erika (Nissen) and Ida Lie, and so Vilhelm was a second cousin of the children in the next generation; Erika Lie, Karl Nissen, Michael Strøm Lie, Mons Lie, Erik Lie, painter Jonas Lie, and Eyolf Soot.

Together with Anna Benedicte Aars Nicolaysen (1880–1965) he had the son Nils Aars Nicolaysen Lie, a notable writer. His son was a first cousin of Emil Lie, a second cousin of the Nazi Jonas Lie, and father of professor of medicine Mons Lie.

Vilhelm Lie took the cand.jur. degree in 1899. He was a tax collector in Bergen from 1914 to 1919, and from 1920 to 1921 he was the State Conciliator of Norway. In 1921 he was hired as chief financial officer (Norwegian: finansborgermester) in Bergen city.

Mons Lie (writer)
Mons Lie (5 May 1864 – 1931) was a Norwegian writer.

He was born in Kongsvinger as a son of the cousins, writer Jonas Lie (1833–1908) and Thomasine Henriette Lie (1833–1907). He was a brother of Michael Strøm Lie and writer Erik Lie, and through the latter an uncle of Nazi Jonas Lie. On the maternal side he was a nephew of Erika (Nissen) and Ida Lie, and a first cousin of Erika Lie, Karl Nissen, painter Jonas Lie and Eyolf Soot and a first cousin once removed of Botten Soot. On the paternal side he was a first cousin of Bernt Lie and Vilhelm Lie, and a first cousin once removed of Emil Lie and Nils Lie.

His literary debut was Streif in 1894, and he wrote novels, short stories, poems and plays. The novel Man Overboard (1904) is regarded as his best work.
Kamthieng House Museum
The Kamthieng House Museum (Thai: พิพิธภัณฑ์เรือนคำเที่ยง) is a museum in Watthana District, Bangkok, run by the Siam Society under royal patronage. It is a 174-year-old traditional teakwood house from Chiang Mai that was transported to Bangkok and opened by King Bhumibol in 1966.

The house is an example of traditional housing from Northern Thailand and showcases the culture and lifestyle of the northern Lanna people. Due to its exposure to the elements for around 2 centuries, the house is in a fragile state, with the roof being in need for renovation.

Siam Society
The Siam Society Under Royal Patronage (Thai: สยามสมาคมในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์; S̄yām s̄mākhm nı phrabrm rāchūpt̄hạmp̣h̒) was established in 1904 with a mission to promote knowledge of the culture, history, arts, and natural sciences of Thailand as well as those of neighbouring countries. The premises of the Society in Bangkok, Thailand on Asok Montri Road include a library with many rare books and the Kamthieng House Museum in a historic teak house. The Society has a regular programme of lectures, study trips, cultural events, and music performances. The Society publishes two scholarly journals, the Journal of the Siam Society and the Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society, and several books. The Society is involved in preservation of heritage through the Siamese Heritage Trust. The membership includes people of around 60 nationalities.
Kong Family Mansion
The Kong Family Mansion (Chinese: 孔府; pinyin: Kǒng fǔ) was the historical residence of the direct descendants of Confucius in the City of Qufu, the hometown of Confucius in Shandong Province, China. The extant structures mainly date from the Ming and Qing dynasties. From the mansion, the family tended to the Confucian sites in Qufu and also governed the largest private rural estate in China. The Kong family was in charge of conducting elaborate religious ceremonies on occasions such as plantings, harvests, honoring the dead, and birthdays. Today, the mansion is a museum and part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu".

Kung Te-cheng
Kong Te-cheng (Chinese: 孔德成; pinyin: Kǒng Déchéng; Wade–Giles: K'ung Te-ch'eng) (23 February 1920 – 28 October 2008) was a 77th generation descendant of Confucius in the main line of descent. He was the final person to be appointed Duke Yansheng and the first Sacrificial Official to Confucius. He helped formulate and was in charge of officiating the modern Confucius ceremony held annually in the Republic of China (Taiwan). In addition to Ceremonial Official, he held numerous posts in the Republic of China government, including member of the National Assembly from 1946 to 1991, President of the Examination Yuan from 1984 to 1993, and senior advisor to the President of the Republic of China from 1948 to 2000. He held professorships at National Taiwan University, Fu Jen Catholic University, and Soochow University.
Leicester–Burton upon Trent line
The Leicester–Burton upon Trent line is a freight-only railway line in England linking the Midland Main Line near Leicester to the Derby to Birmingham line at Burton upon Trent.
The line was built by the Midland Railway, which had acquired the Leicester and Swannington Railway in 1847, improving it and extending it. It opened throughout in 1849. The line connected an exceptional number of collieries and industrial premises, and several industrial branch lines were built radiating from it. Swadlincote was already an established community engaged in industry and there was a complex of branch lines there.
The passenger service on the line was discontinued in 1964, and much of the mining-based industry has closed down; quarrying is the dominant residual originating traffic. There are proposals to reopen the passenger service, and these are under review at present (2022).

Swadlincote
Swadlincote (pronunciationⓘ) is a historic mining town in the district of South Derbyshire, in the county of Derbyshire, England. It lies within The National Forest area. It borders the counties of Leicestershire and Staffordshire, 5 miles (8 km) southeast of Burton upon Trent and north-west of Ashby-de-la-Zouch and 12 miles (19 km) southwest of Derby. It covers the suburban areas of Church Gresley, Goseley, Midway, Newhall, Oversetts and Woodville and had a population of 34,576 at the 2021 census.
Hope (hamlet), New York
Hope, previously known as Hope Center, is a hamlet located in the Town of Hope in Hamilton County, New York, United States. The hamlet  stretches for approximately one mile along New York State Route 30 on the eastern bank of the Sacandaga River.

Hamilton County, New York
Hamilton County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,107, making it the least populous county in New York and its only county with fewer than 10,000 residents. With a land area nearly the size of Delaware, it is the least densely populated county east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Lake Pleasant.  The county was created in 1816 and organized in 1847. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.

Hamilton County is one of only two counties that lie entirely within the Adirondack Park (Essex being the other). There are no permanent traffic lights in the county, and much of the county has no cell phone service.
Areej Mohyudin
Areej Mohyudin is a Pakistani television actress. She made her on-screen debut with Momina Duraid's Tajdeed-e-Wafa in 2018 and later appeared in Jo Tu Chahey the same year. She then played the leading roles in Tum Se Kehna Tha (2020), Roag (2022) and Bojh (2023).

She gained fame for her role in ARY Digital’s horror drama Bandish 2 (2023) and in the same channel's soap opera Meray Hi Rehna also in 2023.

Jo Tu Chahey
Jo Tu Chahay is a 2019 Pakistani television series that premiered on Hum TV. Produced by Momina Duraid under MD Productions, it stars Imran Abbas, Alizeh Shah, Ahmad Taha Ghani, and Zarnish Khan in lead roles. It received mixed reviews from critics as well as viewers for being dragged.
Stolen Heaven (1938 film)
Stolen Heaven is a 1938 American drama film directed by Andrew L. Stone and written by Eve Greene, Frederick J. Jackson and Stone. The film stars Gene Raymond, Olympe Bradna and Glenda Farrell. The film was released on May 13, 1938, by Paramount Pictures. The screenplay concerns two jewel thieves who pose as musicians to elude pursuing law officers.

Frederick J. Jackson
Frederick J. Jackson, also known professionally as Fred Jackson and Frederick Jackson and under the pseudonym Victor Thorne, (September 21, 1886 – May 22, 1953) was an American author, playwright, screenwriter, novelist, and producer for both stage and film. A prolific writer of short stories and serialized novels, most of his non-theatre works were published in pulp magazines such as Detective Story Magazine and Argosy. Many of these stories were adapted into films by other writers.

Jackson was also a productive screenwriter, penning more than 50 films between 1912 and 1946. He was the author of more than sixty plays. Over a forty-year span, a dozen of his plays were produced on Broadway, and he also had several other plays produced in London's West End. Many of his plays were turned into films; usually by other screenwriters.
Les lauriers sont coupés
Les lauriers sont coupés (French pronunciation: [le lɔʁje sɔ̃ kupe], "The laurels are cut") is an 1887 novel by French author Édouard Dujardin, first published in the magazine Revue Indépendante. He was an early user of the literary technique stream of consciousness, and Les Lauriers exemplifies the style. Dujardin claimed later, in a study of the technique and its application in Ulysses (1922) by James Joyce, that he was the first to use it in Les Lauriers.

The title derives from a French children's song, "Nous n'irons plus au bois" ("We'll go to the woods no more"), where the withering of the laurel tree is a prelude to regrowth, the latter period marked by joyous song and dance. The novel adheres to that spirit, capturing the thoughts of a student in Paris over a six-hour period in the spring.

Revue indépendante
Revue indépendante is a French symbolist journal. The journal was founded in 1841 by George Sand, Pierre Leroux, and Louis Viardot, and is notable for having published such novels as Les Lauriers sont coupés (1887) by Édouard Dujardin, En rade (1886–1887) by Joris-Karl Huysmans, and Consuelo (1842–1843) by George Sand. The magazine is based in Paris. In 1947, it became the official magazine of the Union of Journalists and Writers. Its editor-in-chief is Christian Grégoire. In March 2014, Revue indépendante went online.
Cremorne Girls High School
Cremorne Girls High School, (abbreviation CGHS) is a former high school located on Murdoch Street in the Sydney suburb of Cremorne, New South Wales, Australia. It was a girls high school operated by the New South Wales Department of Education with students from years 7 to 12. The school was first established in 1927 as Neutral Bay Girls Intermediate High School. However, due to declining enrolments the school was declared surplus to the needs of the department and officially closed in 1987. The school and its heritage-listed buildings are now a satellite campus of Redlands.

Cremorne, New South Wales
Cremorne is a suburb on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, located six kilometres north-east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of North Sydney Council.

Cremorne Junction is a locality within the suburb. Immediately adjacent to the suburb, to the south, is the small residential suburb of Cremorne Point. Cremorne is situated between Mosman and Neutral Bay.
Omaha Public Power District
Omaha Public Power District (OPPD) is a public electric utility in the state of Nebraska. It is wholly owned by the Nebraska state government, and controlled by a special district. OPPD serves more than 855,000 people in Omaha and 13 surrounding counties in southeast eastern Nebraska. OPPD was formed in 1946 as a political subdivision of the State of Nebraska, taking over the operations of the privately owned Nebraska Power Company. Nebraska is the only US state in which all electric utilities are government owned. A publicly elected eight-member Board of Directors sets rates and policies.

Special district (United States)
Special districts (also known as special service districts, special district governments, or limited purpose entities) are independent, special-purpose governmental units that exist separately from local governments such as county, municipal, and township governments, with substantial administrative and fiscal independence. They are formed to perform a single function or a set of related functions. The term special district governments as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau excludes school districts. In 2017, the U.S. had more than 51,296 special district governments.
Khaled Belal
Khaled Belal (1 January 1938 – 30 October 2023) was a Bangladeshi storyteller and journalist and former deputy chief information officer at the Press Information Department (PID). He is the father of popular Bangladeshi fashion designer Shimul Khaled.

Shimul Khaled
Forhad Bin Khaled (30 May 1963 – 20 December 2020), known professionally as Shimul Khaled (Bengali: শিমুল খালেদ) was a Bangladeshi fashion designer. He has been selling clothing that he has designed under the "Charu Chattogram" label since 1989. A prolific fashion creator, Khaled has worked as a fashion designer for famous models, including the popular movie stars Ferdous, Moushumi, Shakib Khan, Jaya Ahsan, and various other famous brands. He has won numerous awards for his outstanding achievements. He was working as the director of an upcoming Bengali film called 'Chattola Express'.
Kfar Tzvi Sitrin
Kfar Tzvi Sitrin (Hebrew: כפר צבי סיטרין, lit. 'Zvi Sitrin Village'), also known as Beit Tzvi (Hebrew: בֵּית צְבִי, lit. Zvi House) is a technical college and village in northern Israel. Located near Highway 4, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hof HaCarmel Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 187.

Hof HaCarmel Regional Council
Hof HaCarmel Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית חוף הכרמל, Mo'atza Azorit Hof ha-Karmel, lit. Carmel Coast Regional Council) is a regional council located in the northern Israeli coastal plain. The council serves a large area, stretching from Tirat HaCarmel in the north to Caesarea in the south. Its offices are located in Ein Carmel to the south of Haifa. The head of the council is Asif Izek, elected in 2018.
Lionel Cranfield, 3rd Earl of Middlesex
Lionel Cranfield, 3rd Earl of Middlesex (1625 – 26 October 1674) was an English peer, styled Hon. Lionel Cranfield from 1640 until 1651.

Cranfield succeeded his brother James as Earl of Middlesex in 1651. Around 1655, he married Rachel, daughter of Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland, and the widow of Henry Bourchier, 5th Earl of Bath. She was twelve years older than him, and the marriage was unhappy. They had no children, and the countess obtained a legal separation in 1661.

In May 1660, the earl was one of the six peers deputed by the Convention Parliament to invite the return of Charles II of England. He was appointed a Gentleman of the Bedchamber to Charles II in 1673.

He died the following year without issue; his titles became extinct, and his estates passed to his nephew Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset.

Rachel Bourchier, Countess of Bath
Rachel Bourchier, Countess of Bath  (née Fane; 28 January 1613 – 11 November 1680), wife of Henry Bourchier, 5th Earl of Bath (1587-1654), was an English noblewoman and writer, best known for her activities during the English Civil War.
Agus Amàrach
Agus Amàrach, an EP, is the first CD released by Mistle Thrush, a goth-identified band based in Boston, Massachusetts. It came out in 1994 on Washington, D.C.–based Bedazzled Records (catalog #BDZ19). It was followed by the band's debut full-length, Silt, in 1995. "Agus amàrach" is Celtic, and translates as "and tomorrow".

Mistle Thrush (band)
Mistle Thrush was a female-fronted 1990s alternative rock band based in Boston, Massachusetts. They've been described by the Boston Herald as The Cure-meets-Fairport Convention. Steve Morse of The Boston Globe wrote that Valerie Forgione, the band's singer, has "some of the most versatile pipes since the dream-pop heyday of Kate Bush" and that the "band remains a local treasure". During the band's heyday, their songs frequently charted in CMJ's Top 200. According to the band's website, they're on hiatus but their last album was released in February 2002. In January 2011, they reunited to play their first concert since 2003. Forgione's current project is called Lovina Falls.
Kagu
The kagu or cagou (Rhynochetos jubatus) is a crested, long-legged, and bluish-grey bird endemic to the dense mountain forests of New Caledonia. It is the only surviving member of the genus Rhynochetos and family Rhynochetidae, although a second species has been described from the fossil record.

Measuring 55 cm (22 in) in length, it has pale grey plumage and bright red legs. Its nasal corns are a unique feature not shared with any other bird. Almost flightless, it spends its time on or near the ground, where it hunts its invertebrate prey and builds a nest of sticks on the forest floor. Both parents share incubation of a single egg and rearing the chick. It has proven vulnerable to introduced predators and is threatened with extinction.

Adzebill
The adzebills are two species of gruiform birds belonging to the genus Aptornis, the sole member of the extinct family Aptornithidae, which were endemic to New Zealand. The species were divided between the North and South islands of the country, with Aptornis otidiformis being the North Island adzebill, and Aptornis defossor being the South Island adzebill. Additional material from the Saint Bathans fauna may represent a third species.
Gayrabetov Mansion
The Gayrabetov Mansion (Russian: Особняк Гайрабетовых) is a building in Rostov-on-Don, located on Liberty Square. The house was built in 1880. Initially it belonged to the relatives of merchant Karp Gayrabetov. At the beginning of the 20th century, the building was acquired by the manufacturer Mark Iskidarov. Since 2011, the Museum of Russian-Armenian Friendship has been located in the mansion. The Gayrabetov Mansion has the status of an object of cultural heritage of regional significance.

Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don, or simply Rostov, is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, 32 kilometers (20 mi) from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people and is an important cultural, educational, economic and logistical centre of Southern Russia.
General Directorate of State Airports Authority
Turkish Airports Authority or legally General Directorate of State Airports Authority (Turkish: Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi Genel Müdürlüğü; DHMİ), is the Turkish government authority responsible for the functioning of airports in Turkey and the regulation and monitoring of air traffic control in Turkish airspace. It is associated with the Turkish Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure and is a member of ICAO, EUROCONTROL, and ACI Europe.

The authority operates most airports in Turkey, with the notable exceptions being Istanbul Airport, Antalya Airport, İzmir Adnan Menderes Airport, Milas–Bodrum Airport and Çukurova Airport.

Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure (Turkey)
The Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure (Turkish: Ulaştırma ve Altyapı Bakanlığı) is a government ministry office of the Republic of Turkey, responsible for transport, information and communication services in Turkey. Its head office is in Ankara. The current minister is Abdulkadir Uraloğlu, in office since June 2023.