hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wafering
Wafering is the process by which a silicon crystal (boule) is made into wafers. This process is usually carried out by a multi-wire saw which cuts multiple wafers from the same crystal at the same time. These wafers are then polished to the desired degree of flatness and thickness.

In the past, conventional circular saws were used during the 1950s and 1960s, followed by inner diameter saws in the 1970s and 1980s. These saws had diamond particles embedded into their blades to cut silicon. Multi-wire saws were introduced during the early 2000s. The motivation behind this evolution was to reduce material losses from the saw's kerf, and to improve wafer's surface quality, flatness, and bow.

Wafer (electronics)
In electronics, a wafer (also called a slice or substrate) is a thin slice of semiconductor, such as a crystalline silicon (c-Si, silicium), used for the fabrication of integrated circuits and, in photovoltaics, to manufacture solar cells.

The wafer serves as the substrate for microelectronic devices built in and upon the wafer. It undergoes many microfabrication processes, such as doping, ion implantation, etching, thin-film deposition of various materials, and photolithographic patterning. Finally, the individual microcircuits are separated by wafer dicing and packaged as an integrated circuit.
India at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
India competed at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris from 28 August to 8 September 2024. The nation made its official debut at the 1968 Summer Paralympics and has appeared in every edition of the Summer Paralympics since 1984. This was India's 13th appearance at the Summer Paralympics.

India sent a contingent consisting of 84 athletes competing across 12 sports in the Paralympic Games. Bhagyashree Jadhav and Sumit Antil were the flag bearers during the opening ceremony. Later, Preethi Pal and Harvinder Singh served as the flag bearers during the closing ceremony.

India won 29 medals including seven gold, nine silver, and thirteen bronze medals. This marked India's highest ever medal tally in Paralympic Games surpassing the tally of 19 medals won in the 2020 Games.

India at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
India  competed in the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, Japan, from 24 August to 5 September 2021. India made its official debut at the 1968 Summer Paralympics and has appeared in every edition of the Summer Paralympics since 1984.

India sent a contingent consisting of 54 athletes competing across nine sports in the Games. Athlete Tek Chand was the flag bearer during the opening ceremony and shooter Avani Lekhara carried the flag during the closing ceremony.

This was India's most successful Paralympic campaign at the time with 19 medals including five gold, eight silver and six bronze medals. Before this edition, India had won a combined total of 12 medals across all previous Paralympics combined.
Al-Sayyid, Israel
Al-Sayyid or al-Sayed (Arabic: السيد; Hebrew: א-סייד) is a Bedouin village in Israel. Located in the Negev desert between Arad and Beersheba and just south of Hura, it falls under the jurisdiction of al-Kasom Regional Council. In 2023 the village's population was 5,775.

Hura
Hura, or Houra (Hebrew: חוּרָה, Arabic: حورة) is a Bedouin town in the Southern District of Israel. It is located near Beersheba and beside the town Meitar. The town was established in 1989 as a part of solution offered by the state for the consolidation of Negev Bedouin population, and was declared a local council in 1996. In 2023 it had a population of 21,937.

Hura is one of seven Bedouin townships in the Negev desert with approved plans and developed infrastructure (the other six are: Ar'arat an-Naqab (Ar'ara BaNegev), Lakiya, Shaqib al-Salam (Segev Shalom), Kuseife (Kseife), Tel as-Sabi (Tel-Sheva) and the city of Rahat, the largest among them).
Malcolm Ross O'Neill
Malcolm Ross O'Neill (born March 25, 1940) was the United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology, having been sworn into office by United States Under Secretary of the Army Joseph W. Westphal on March 10, 2010, and resigned June 3, 2011.

United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology
The Office of the United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology (ASA(ALT) pronounced A-salt) is known as OASA(ALT). OASA(ALT) serves, when delegated, as the army acquisition executive, the senior procurement executive, the science advisor to the secretary of the army, and as the senior research and development official for the Department of the Army. The OASA(ALT) also has the principal responsibility for all Department of the Army matters related to logistics.
Baboo Da Silva
Mauricio "Baboo" Da Silva (born November 28, 1967) is a Brazilian kyokushin kaikan full contact karate practitioner and former professional kickboxer and mixed martial artist. He is a professional coach and trainer of K-1 and MMA (Mixed Martial Arts), who has trained a number of world class fighters including Francisco Filho (martial artist), Glaube Feitosa, Andrews Nakahara, Ewerton Teixeira, Ray Sefo, Aleksandr Pitchkounov, Takumi Sato, Jan Soukup, Kou Tasei (aka Hong Tae Seong), Jan Nortje, Doug Viney, Mighty Mo (kickboxer) and Akebono Taro. From 1998 to 2004, he worked as the trainer and sparring partner for Francisco Filho. He lived in Tokyo, Japan from 2005 to December 2010 and trained fighters from the IKO1 Kyokushin - Team Ichigeki and other fighters from visiting teams at the Ichigeki Plaza. He fought in the K-1 PREMIUM 2003 Dynamite!! and also in the Ichigeki events in Japan.

Glaube Feitosa
Glaube Araújo Feitosa (born April 9, 1973) is a Brazilian former kickboxer and a kyokushin full contact karate practitioner who was competing in K-1. In 2005, Feitosa won K-1 World Grand Prix 2005 in Las Vegas tournament and was a K-1 World Grand Prix 2005 finalist. He has gone the distance with some of the top fighters in his time, such as Peter Aerts, Remy Bonjasky, Semmy Schilt and Errol Zimmerman. An accomplished karate fighter, he was known for his use of the "question mark kick," utilizing the technique in several knockout victories in his career. Feitosa also holds wins over Cheick Kongo, Alistair Overeem, Ruslan Karaev, and Paul Slowinski.
Public Health Service Ebola Campaign Medal
The Public Health Service Ebola Campaign Medal is a decoration of the United States Public Health Service presented to members of the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. It recognizes service in responding to an outbreak of the Ebola virus.

Awards and decorations of the Public Health Service
The United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC), one of the eight uniformed services of the United States, has the authority to issue various awards, commendations, and other insignia to its members. These include individual honor awards, unit honor awards, service awards, training ribbons, special skill badges, and identification badges. The following PHSCC awards are listed in the service's order of precedence:
Sondernheim station
Sondernheim station is a station in the Germersheim suburb of Sondernheim, in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Deutsche Bahn classifies it as a category 6 station and it has two platform tracks. The station is located in the network of the Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund (Karlsruhe Transport Association, KVV) and belongs to fare zone 575. Since 2001, the station has also been part of the area where the fares of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (Rhine-Neckar Transport Association, VRN) are accepted at a transitional rate. The address of the station is Germersheimer Straße 14. Its former entrance building is under heritage protection.

It is located on the Schifferstadt–Wörth railway and was opened on 25 July 1876 with the commissioning of the Germersheim–Wörth section of that railway. It is now classified as a Haltepunkt (halt). Since late 2010 it has been part of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn.

Wörth (Rhein) station
Wörth (Rhein) station—originally Wörth (Pfalz)—is the most important station of the town of Wörth am Rhein in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. Deutsche Bahn classifies it as a category 5 station and it has five platforms. The station is located in the area of the Karlsruher Verkehrsverbund (Karlsruhe transport association, KVV) and it belongs to fare zone 540. Since 2001, Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Neckar (VRN) tickets are also accepted for travel to or from the VRN area. The address of the station is Bahnhofstraße 44.

It was opened on 15 March 1864 as a through station on the branch of the Maximilian Railway from Winden to Maximiliansau. The gap to Karlsruhe was closed a year later. The extension of the Schifferstadt–Gemersheim railway and its continuation to Strasbourg turned it into a junction station on 15 May 1876. A branch of the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn was built through the residential area of Dorschberg in 1997. Its entrance building is under heritage protection.
Schauder fixed-point theorem
The Schauder fixed-point theorem is an extension of the Brouwer fixed-point theorem to locally convex topological vector spaces, which may be of infinite dimension. It asserts that if  is a nonempty convex closed subset of a Hausdorff locally convex topological vector space  and  is a continuous mapping of  into itself such that  is contained in a compact subset of , then  has a fixed point.

A consequence, called Schaefer's fixed-point theorem, is particularly useful for proving existence of solutions to nonlinear partial differential equations.
Schaefer's theorem is in fact a special case of the far reaching Leray–Schauder theorem which was proved earlier by  Juliusz Schauder and Jean Leray.
The statement is as follows:

Let  be a continuous and compact mapping of a Banach space  into itself, such that the set

is bounded.  Then  has a fixed point. (A compact mapping in this context is one for which the image of every bounded set is relatively compact.)

Locally convex topological vector space
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, locally convex topological vector spaces (LCTVS) or locally convex spaces are examples of topological vector spaces (TVS) that generalize normed spaces. They can be defined as topological vector spaces whose topology is generated by translations of balanced, absorbent, convex sets. Alternatively they can be defined as a vector space with a family of seminorms, and a topology can be defined in terms of that family. Although in general such spaces are not necessarily normable, the existence of a convex local base for the zero vector is strong enough for the Hahn–Banach theorem to hold, yielding a sufficiently rich theory of continuous linear functionals.

Fréchet spaces are locally convex topological vector spaces that are completely metrizable (with a choice of complete metric). They are generalizations of Banach spaces, which are complete vector spaces with respect to a metric generated by a norm.
1964 United States presidential election in Missouri
The 1964 United States presidential election in Missouri took place on November 3, 1964, as part of the 1964 United States presidential election. Voters chose 12 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Missouri was won by incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson (D–Texas), with 64.05 percent of the popular vote, against Senator Barry Goldwater (R–Arizona), with 35.95 percent. As of the 2024 presidential election, this is the last time that Perry, Holt, Lawrence, Jasper, Polk, Greene, Cooper, Newton, Cape Girardeau, Barry, St. Charles, and Barton Counties voted for a Democratic presidential candidate.

United States presidential elections in Missouri
The tables below list the United States presidential elections in Missouri, ordered by year. Since 1904, Missouri has voted for the eventual winner of the presidential election with only four exceptions: 1956, 2008, 2012, and 2020, although the popular vote winner failed the win the electoral vote in 2000 and 2016. Missouri was historically viewed as a bellwether state, but the consecutive votes against the winning candidate in 2008 and 2012 introduced doubts about its continued status as a bellwether, and an 18.5-point Republican victory in 2016 indicated that it had become a safe red state.

Winners of the state are in bold. The shading refers to the state winner, and not the national winner.
Man Mohan Singh Rai
Lieutenant General Man Mohan Singh Rai, PVSM, AVSM, VSM was the Vice Chief of Army Staff (VCOAS) of the Indian Army and assumed office on 1 August 2015 following the retirement of Lieutenant General Philip Campose. He retired on 31 July 2016 and was succeeded by General Bipin Rawat.

Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM, lit. 'Very Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India given to recognize "distinguished service of an exceptional order" to all ranks of the armed forces. The award is a peacetime equivalent of Uttam Yuddh Seva Medal, which is a Wartime Distinguished Service decoration.

The award can also be granted posthumously. Subsequent awards are represented by a bar worn on the ribbon. The awardee can use "AVSM" as post-nominal letters.
Oregon Department of Education
The Oregon Department of Education is the department responsible for implementing Oregon's public education policies, including academic standards and testing, credentials, and other matters not reserved to the local districts and boards. The department is overseen by the Governor, acting as State Superintendent of Public Instruction. Agencies of the department include the Chief Education Office (formerly the Oregon Education Investment Board), the Early Learning Division, the Higher Education Coordinating Commission, the State Board of Education, and the Youth Development Division. The key roles of the agency include setting test standards and graduation requirements for statewide uniformity.

The department serves 197 elementary and secondary school districts and 19 education service districts across the state, which in turn serve over 500,000 students.

Oregon State Board of Education
The Oregon State Board of Education sets standards and policies for public schools, from kindergarten through grade twelve, in the U.S. state of Oregon. The State Board of Education was established first in 1872. As defined by the Oregon legislature in 1951, the Board has seven members who are appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate. The Board exercises oversight over 197 public school districts and 20 educational service districts.
1951 in New Zealand
The following lists events that happened during  1951 in New Zealand.

The year was dominated by the 1951 New Zealand waterfront dispute.

New Zealand entered a mutual defence pact with the United States and Australia – ANZUS.

1951 New Zealand waterfront dispute
The 1951 New Zealand waterfront dispute was the largest and most widespread industrial dispute in New Zealand history. Over the period, up to 20,000 workers went on strike in support of waterfront workers protesting against financial hardships and poor working conditions. Thousands more refused to handle "scab" goods. The dispute was sometimes referred to as the waterfront lockout or waterfront strike. It lasted 151 days, from 13 February to 15 July 1951. During the lockout, the Watersiders' Union was deregistered and its funds and records were seized, and 26 local watersiders' unions were set up in its place.

In reviewing the biography of Jock Barnes, then-president of the Waterside Workers' Union, reviewer Tony Simpson described the lockout as "a key element in the mythologies of the industrial left in this country".
Tonight I'll Be Staying Here with You
"Tonight I'll Be Staying Here with You" is a song written by Bob Dylan from his 1969 album Nashville Skyline.  It was the closing song of the album. The song was the third single released from the album, after "I Threw It All Away" and "Lay Lady Lay", reaching #50 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, and reaching the top 20 in other countries. It was anthologized on the compilation albums Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol. II and Playlist: The Very Best of Bob Dylan '60s.

Lay Lady Lay
"Lay Lady Lay", sometimes rendered "Lay, Lady, Lay", is a song written by Bob Dylan and originally released in 1969 on his Nashville Skyline album. Like many of the tracks on the album, Dylan sings the song in a low croon, rather than in the high nasal singing style associated with his earlier (and eventually later) recordings. The song has become a standard and has been covered by numerous bands and artists over the years. The song, Dylan's final top 10 hit, peaked at No. 7 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Patriarch Miron of Romania
Miron Cristea (Romanian pronunciation: [miˈron ˈkriste̯a]; monastic name of Elie Cristea [eˈli.e]; 20 July 1868 – 6 March 1939) was a Romanian cleric and politician.

A bishop in Hungarian-ruled Transylvania, Cristea was elected Metropolitan-Primate of the Orthodox Church of the newly unified Greater Romania in 1919. As the Church was raised to a rank of Patriarchate, Miron Cristea was enthroned as the first Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church in 1925.

In 1938, after Carol II banned political parties and established a royal dictatorship, he chose Cristea to be Prime Minister of Romania, a position in which he served for about a year (between 11 February 1938 and his death on 6 March 1939).

Patriarch of All Romania
The Patriarch of All Romania (Romanian: Patriarh al Întregii Românii; Romanian pronunciation: [patriˈarh al ɨnˈtred͡ʒi romɨˈni]) is the title of the head of the Romanian Orthodox Church. The Patriarch is officially styled as Archbishop of Bucharest, Metropolitan of Muntenia and Dobruja, Locum tenens of the throne of Caesarea Cappadociae and Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church. The current patriarch Daniel acceded to this position on 12 September 2007.
Kareng Ghar
26°56′12″N 94°44′43″E﻿ / ﻿26.9366000°N 94.7452083°E﻿ / 26.9366000; 94.7452083
Kareng (Pron:/ˌkɑ:ɹɛŋ ˈgɑ:/, "royal palace"), also known as The Garhgaon Palace, is located in  Garhgaon 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Sivasagar, Assam, India.  The palace structures were made of wood and stone. In 1751 Sunenphaa, son of Sukhrungphaa, constructed the brick wall of about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) in length surrounding the Garhgaon Palace and the masonry gate leading to it.

After the destruction of the old palace it was rebuilt around 1752 as the present seven-storied structure by Suremphaa (1751–1769).

The earliest constructions were commissioned by Sukhrungphaa in 1698 AD. Rangpur was the capital of the Ahom Kingdom and served as its military station.

Surviving design at karengghar

Sivasagar
Sivasagar (Assamese: [xi.βɔ.xaɡɔ(ɹ)]) is a city and headquarter of the Sivasagar district, Assam. Sivasagar City It is well known for its Ahom palaces and monuments. Sivasagar is an important centre for tea and oil industries today.
Stanley Patterson Hall
Stanley Patterson Hall is a historic building on the campus of Southern Methodist University in University Park, Texas. It was built in 1928, and designed by Coburn & Smith in the Georgian Revival architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since September 27, 1980.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallas County, Texas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallas County, Texas.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Dallas County, Texas. There are 35 districts, 115 individual properties, and three former properties listed on the National Register in the county. Two districts and one individually listed property are also National Historic Landmarks. Four individually listed properties are State Antiquities Landmarks with five districts containing several more. Twenty-two individual properties are Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks while seven districts host multiple additional RTHLs.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted January 2, 2026.
Descendants of Darkness
Descendants of Darkness (Japanese: 闇の末裔, Hepburn: Yami no Matsuei) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yoko Matsushita. The story revolves around shinigami. These Guardians of Death work for Enma Daiō, the king of the dead, sorting out the expected and unexpected arrivals to the Underworld.

An anime television series adaptation by J.C.Staff aired on Wowow from October to December 2000.

J.C.Staff
J.C.Staff Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社ジェー・シー・スタッフ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Jē Shī Sutaffu) is a Japanese animation studio founded in January 1986 by Tomoyuki Miyata, who previously worked at Tatsunoko Production. The studio's first release was  Yōtōden in 1987. They have produced several well-known anime series, such as Aria the Scarlet Ammo, Azumanga Daioh, Bakuman, the A Certain Magical Index franchise (including Railgun and Accelerator), Date A Live III, The Disastrous Life of Saiki K., Edens Zero, The Familiar of Zero, Fairy Tail: 100 Years Quest, Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma, Golden Time, Is It Wrong to Try to Pick Up Girls in a Dungeon?, Maid Sama!, Mewkledreamy, One-Punch Man season 2 and 3, Revolutionary Girl Utena, Slayers, Shakugan no Shana, The Pet Girl of Sakurasou, and Toradora!.
Mercantile Marine Department
Mercantile Marine Department, Pakistan (Urdu: ادارہ بحری تجارت، پاکستان) is an attached department of Ports and Shipping Wing, Karachi under the Ministry of Ports and Shipping, Government of Pakistan. The department was established in 1930 under the Merchant Shipping Act, 1923, which was repealed and replaced with Merchant Shipping Ordinance No. L II of 2001 (Laws relating to Merchant Shipping) in 2001. The department is headed by the Principal Officer who is also Registrar of Ships and Superintendent of Light Houses in Pakistan.

Ministry of Maritime Affairs (Pakistan)
The Ministry of Maritime Affairs (Urdu: وزارت بحری امور), previously known as the Ministry of Ports and Shipping, is a Federal Ministry of the Government of Pakistan. The current Minister for Maritime Affairs is Muhammad Junaid Anwar Chaudhry and the current Federal Secretary for Maritime Affairs is Zafar Ali Shah. The longest-serving Federal Secretary for Ports and Shipping are Muhammad Saleem Khan and Rizwan Ahmed.
The Ministry is headquartered in Islamabad and its main attached departments are in the port city of Karachi.
Pucón
Pucón (Mapudungun: "entrance to the cordillera") is a Chilean city and commune administered by the municipality of Pucón. It is located in the Province of Cautín, Araucanía Region, 100 km to the southeast of Temuco and 780 km to the south of Santiago. It is on the eastern shore of Lake Villarrica, and Villarrica volcano is located roughly 17 km to the south.

Pucón's location by a lake and volcano, along with its relatively stable climate, especially in summer, make it a popular destination for tourists. It offers a variety of sports and activities for tourists, including water skiing, snow skiing, backpacking, white water rafting and kayaking, horse back riding, natural hot springs, zip line rides, skydiving and guided ascents of Villarrica volcano.

Temuco
Temuco (Spanish pronunciation: [teˈmuko]) is a city and commune, capital of the Cautín Province and of the Araucanía Region in southern Chile. The city is located 670 kilometres (416 miles) south of Santiago. The city grew out from a fort of the same name established in 1881 during Chile's invasion of Araucanía. Temuco lies in the middle of the historic Araucanía, a traditional land of the indigenous Mapuche.

Temuco's central place in Araucanía with easy access to the Andean valleys, lakes and coastal areas makes it a hub for tourism, agricultural, livestock and forestry operations as well as a communication and trade centre for the numerous small towns of Araucanía. Temuco has recently been regarded as a university city as it houses two large universities: University of the Frontier and Temuco Catholic University. Nobel laureates Gabriela Mistral and Pablo Neruda both lived in Temuco for some time.