hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Super-Sonic Jazz
Super-Sonic Jazz is the second studio album by Sun Ra, recorded in 1956 at RCA Studios, Chicago. Super-Sonic Jazz was the first album to be released on Saturn Records, the label run by Sun Ra and Alton Abraham, and was one of only three albums by Sun Ra to have been available in the 1950s. (The other two are Jazz by Sun Ra, also released in 1957, and Jazz in Silhouette, released May 1959.)

The album was retitled as Super-Sonic Sounds when it was reissued in 1974 by Impulse!, but reverted to its original title when it was released on CD by Evidence records in 1992.

El Saturn Records
El Saturn Records is an American record label founded in 1957 by Alton Abraham. Among the earliest African American-owned record labels, in the late 1950s and 1960s it was one of the most active artist-owned record labels in the United States. The best known  releases by the label are albums by Sun Ra and his groups.

The label is allegedly owned by Ihnfinity Inc. where Anita A. Abraham, daughter of Artis Abraham, is the President.
Ted Ullyot
Theodore W. Ullyot is an American lawyer and former government official. He is a partner at the venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz, leading the firm's policy and regulatory affairs group.

Ullyot served as Facebook's General Counsel from September 2008 until July 2013.

Andreessen Horowitz
Andreessen Horowitz (commonly known as a16z) is an American privately-held venture capital firm headquartered in Menlo Park, California, United States. It was founded in 2009 by Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz.

Andreessen Horowitz invests in both early-stage startups and established growth companies. Its investments span the healthcare, consumer, cryptocurrency, gaming, fintech, education, and enterprise software (including cloud computing, security, and software as a service) industries.

As of July 2025, the company ranks first on the list of venture capital firms by assets under management, with US$46 billion.
Masato Sagawa
Masato Sagawa (佐川眞人; born August 3, 1943, in Tokushima, Japan) is a Japanese scientist and entrepreneur, and the inventor of the sintered permanent neodymium magnet (NdFeB). 
Sagawa was awarded the Japan Prize and IEEE Medal for Environmental and Safety Technologies for his efforts.

Neodymium magnet
A neodymium magnet (also known as NdFeB, NIB or Neo magnet) is a permanent magnet made from an alloy of neodymium, iron, and boron that forms the Nd2Fe14B tetragonal crystalline structure.  They are the most widely used type of rare-earth magnet.

Developed independently in 1984 by General Motors and  Sumitomo Special Metals, neodymium magnets are the strongest type of permanent magnet available commercially.   They have replaced other types of magnets in many applications in modern products that require strong permanent magnets, such as electric motors in cordless tools, hard disk drives and magnetic fasteners.

NdFeB magnets can be classified as sintered or bonded, depending on the manufacturing process used.
Dunk (TV series)
Dunk (Urdu: ڈنک, lit. 'Sting') is a Pakistani drama serial that premiered on 23 December 2020 on ARY Digital. The story revolves around a case of false allegation of sexual harassment and stars Bilal Abbas Khan as Haider, Sana Javed as Amal, Yasra Rizvi as Saira and Noman Ijaz as Professor Humayun. The serial has been written by Mohsin Ali and directed by  Badar Mehmood, the duo who previously collaborated for mega-hits, Aisi Hai Tanhai and Ishqiya. According to producer Fahad Mustafa, the series is based on a real incident in Lahore. The story is inspired by an incident that took place at MAO College, Lahore, where a professor committed suicide over false harassment allegations by a student.

The series has received mixed reviews from critics who called the story drag and annoying and also criticised the director for using very loud sound sequences. Most praise the performances of Yasra Rizvi and Bilal Abbas Khan.

Nauman Ijaz
Nauman Ijaz (Punjabi and Urdu: نُعمان اعجاز; born 14 February 1965) is a Pakistani actor. Active since 1989, he has played many roles and has been a senior actor on state television PTV. As of 2014, he had acted in some 175 television series.

He is the recipient of several accolades, including 10 Lux Style Awards, 7 Hum Awards and a President's Pride of Performance award, which was presented to him in 2012 from the President of Pakistan, Asif Ali Zardari.

Occasionally, he has also served as a television host, while before becoming an actor he was a lawyer.
Hagere Selam (Degua Tembien)
Hagere Selam (Tigrinya: ሃገረ ሰላም) is a town in northern Ethiopia. Located on the Mekelle-Abiy Addi regional road, it is located at an elevation of 2650 metres above sea level. The town is the administrative center of the Dogu'a Tembien woreda. The weekly market is on Saturdays.

Hagere Selam is located on the saddle point between two of the higher points in Tigray (Imba Zuw'ala and Tsatsen). The regional road from Mekelle to Abiy Addi climbs towards Hagere Selam, before going down to the Abergele lowlands. The area is categorized as highland or dega. The local economy is dependent on trading, agriculture, with barley being the main crop grown in the area, and on milk production and apiculture.

Abiy Addi
Abiy Addi (also spelled Abi Addi; Tigrigna ዓብዪ ዓዲ "Big town") is a town in central Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Abiy Addi is at the southeastern edge of the Kola Tembien woreda, of which it is the capital.
Staithes Viaduct
Staithes Viaduct was a railway bridge that straddled Staithes Beck at Staithes, Yorkshire, England. It was north of the closed Staithes railway station. It was known for an anemometer, a fitting to tell the signaller if winds across the viaduct were too strong for crossing trains.

Major crossing structures, including the viaduct, on the Whitby to Loftus line were made out of iron, with the piers additionally filled with concrete. The viaduct started to be built in 1875 and opened in 1883 – due to financial, build and ownership problems. The line closed in 1958 and the viaduct demolished in 1960.

Whitby, Redcar and Middlesbrough Union Railway
The Whitby, Redcar and Middlesbrough Union Railway (WRMU), a.k.a. the Whitby–Loftus Line, was a railway line in North Yorkshire, England, built between 1871 and 1886, running from Loftus on the Yorkshire coast to the Esk at Whitby, and connecting Middlesbrough to Whitby along the coast.

For much of its journey the line hugged the cliffs, and had a troubled build due to the proximity to the sea and poor quality of the construction on many of its original bridges and viaducts. The line was closed to passengers in May 1958, but the northern section to Boulby Potash Mine re-opened in the 1970s.
Texas Stadium
Texas Stadium was an American football stadium located in Irving, Texas, a suburb west of Dallas. Opened on October 24, 1971, it was known for its distinctive hole in the roof, the result of abandoned plans to construct a retractable roof.

The stadium was the home field of the NFL's Dallas Cowboys for 38 seasons, through 2008, and had a seating capacity of 65,675. In 2009, the Cowboys moved to Cowboys Stadium (now AT&T Stadium) in nearby Arlington.

Texas Stadium was demolished on April 11, 2010, by a controlled implosion.

Building implosion
Explosives demolition, also referred to as implosion, is a demolition method that involves the strategic placing of explosives and timing of its detonation so that a structure collapses on itself in a matter of seconds. It is used to safely destroy tall buildings, bridges, smokestacks, towers and tunnels. This is typically done to save time and money of what would otherwise be an extensive demolition process with conventional construction equipment, as well as to protect construction workers from infrastructure that is in severe disrepair.

The actual use of the term "implosion" to refer to the destruction of a building is a misnomer, as an actual implosion involves a structure being subjected to extreme external pressure, pushing it inwards in itself.
Richard Austin (conductor)
Richard Dennis Oliver Austin FRCM (26 December 1903, in Birkenhead – 1 April 1989, in Reading) was the chief conductor of the Bournemouth Municipal Orchestra from 1934 until 1940 and later a professor of the Royal College of Music.

Royal College of Music
The Royal College of Music (RCM) is a conservatoire established by royal charter in 1882, located in South Kensington, London, UK. It offers training from the undergraduate to the doctoral level in all aspects of Western Music including performance, composition, conducting, music theory and history, and has trained some of the most important figures in international music life. The RCM also conducts research in performance practice and performance science.

The RCM has over 900 students from more than 50 countries, with professors who include many who are musicians with worldwide reputations.

The college is one of the four conservatories of the Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music and a member of Conservatoires UK. Its buildings are directly opposite the Royal Albert Hall on Prince Consort Road, next to Imperial College and among the museums and cultural centres of Albertopolis.
Great Panther Mining
Great Panther Mining Limited (formerly Great Panther Silver) is a Canadian company, headquartered in Vancouver, that owns and operates a gold mine in Brazil. The company became a metal producer and listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange in 2006 after a restructuring in which Robert Archer took over as Chief Executive Officer and acquired and returned several dormant silver-gold mines in Mexico back into production. In 2015 the company merged with TSXV-listed Cangold which was attempting to develop its own gold-silver mine in Mexico. In early 2019, the company acquired ASX-listed Beadell Resources for its Tucano Gold Mine in Brazil. In 2020, the Company announced its inaugural Mineral Resource & Mineral Reserve for the Tucano gold mine in which a 51% reduction of mineral resources was reported. In 2022 the company went bankrupt despite selling its Mexican mines.

TSX Venture Exchange
The TSX Venture Exchange is a stock exchange in Canada. It is headquartered in Calgary, Alberta and Vancouver, British Columbia, with offices in Toronto and Montreal. All trading through the Exchange is done electronically, so the Exchange does not have a "trading floor".  It was previously known as the Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX), but in 2001 the TSX Group (now known as the TMX Group) purchased it and renamed it.

The TMX Group also owns the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). The Toronto Stock Exchange is the senior equity market, while the TSX Venture Exchange is a public venture capital marketplace for emerging companies.

As of November 2010, the TSX Venture Exchange had 2,364 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of $60,811,203,235.
Louisiana's congressional districts
The U.S. state of Louisiana currently has six congressional districts. The state has had as many as eight districts; the eighth district was eliminated on January 9, 1993 after results of the 1990 census, and the seventh district was eliminated in 2013, following results of the 2010 census, largely because of people moving interstate after  Hurricane Katrina hit the state.

Orleans Territory's at-large congressional district
The Territory of Orleans was the name given to most of what is now the state of Louisiana (excluding that portion of the state which is west of the Sabine River). From 1806 until 1811, the Territory sent one non-voting Delegate (an "at-large" delegate) to the United States House of Representatives.
Men of Steel (1932 film)
Men of Steel is a 1932 British drama film directed by George King and starring John Stuart, Benita Hume and Heather Angel. The screenplay was adapted by Edward Knoblock and Billie Bristow from a novel by Douglas Newton. It was shot at Walton Studios as a quota quickie for distribution by United Artists.

Walton Studios
Walton Studios, previously named Hepworth Studios and Nettlefold Studios, was a film production studio in Walton-on-Thames in Surrey, England. Hepworth was a pioneering studio in the early 20th century and released the first film adaptation of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Alice in Wonderland, 1903).

The decline of the British cinematic production industry in the mid-20th century led to a decline in work for the facility, and after failing to financially survive as a television production outlet it was eventually closed in 1961. The studio was subsequently demolished and the land was sold for house-building.
Language technology
Language technology, often called human language technology (HLT), studies methods of how computer programs or electronic devices can analyze, produce, modify or respond to human texts and speech. Working with language technology often requires broad knowledge not only about linguistics but also about computer science. It consists of natural language processing (NLP) and computational linguistics (CL) on the one hand, many application oriented aspects of these, and more low-level aspects such as encoding and speech technology on the other hand.

Note that these elementary aspects are normally not considered to be within the scope of related terms such as natural language processing and (applied) computational linguistics, which are otherwise near-synonyms. As an example, for many of the world's lesser known languages, the foundation of language technology is providing communities with fonts and keyboard setups so their languages can be written on computers or mobile devices.

Computational linguistics
Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field concerned with the computational modelling of natural language, as well as the study of appropriate computational approaches to linguistic questions. In general, computational linguistics draws upon linguistics, computer science, artificial intelligence, mathematics, logic, philosophy, cognitive science, cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, anthropology and neuroscience, among others. Computational linguistics is closely related to mathematical linguistics.
2023 Nepalese presidential election
The fourth presidential election of Nepal, to elect the country's third president since the abolition of the monarchy, was held on 9 March 2023.

The term of the incumbent president, Bidya Devi Bhandari, first elected in 2015, was set to expire on 13 March 2023. She was term-limited and could not seek re-election, with the Constitution of Nepal barring her from doing so.

President of Nepal
The president of Nepal, officially the president of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is the head of state of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. The president is the nominal head of the executive, the first citizen of the country, and the supreme commander of the Nepalese Armed Forces. Ram Chandra Poudel is the 3rd and current president since 13 March 2023.

The president is indirectly elected by an electoral college comprising the Federal Parliament of Nepal and the provincial assemblies of each of Nepal's seven provinces, who themselves are all directly elected.

The office was created in May 2008 after the country was declared a republic.
Fabio Paternò
Fabio Paternò is Research Director and Head of the Laboratory on Human Interfaces in Information Systems at Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche in Pisa, Italy.

National Research Council (Italy)
The National Research Council (Italian: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR) is the largest research council in Italy. As a public organisation, its remit is to support scientific and technological research. Its headquarters are in Rome.
Chinese National Currency
The Chinese National Currency (CNC), often transliterated as fapi or fabi or translated as Legal Tender Note, was the currency of China between 1935 and 1948. Introduced in the 1935 currency reform, the currency was initially issued by the Central Bank, the Bank of China, the Bank of Communications and later the Farmer's Bank of China. In June 1942, it became solely issued by the Central Bank. It was replaced by the Gold Yuan in August 1948.

Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
The Central Bank of the Republic of China (Chinese: 中華民國中央銀行; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó Zhōngyāng Yínháng), formerly the Central Bank of China from 1924 to 2007 and still referred to by its acronym CBC, is the central bank of Taiwan, headquartered in Taipei. Established in 1924 in Guangzhou, the bank relocated to Taiwan after the Chinese Civil War and assumed control over banknote issuance from the Bank of Taiwan in 1961.

Its legal and common name in Chinese is literally translated as the "Central Bank" (Chinese: 中央銀行). The central bank is administered under the Executive Yuan of the ROC government.
Notre-Dame-des-Victoires, Paris
The Notre-Dame-des-Victoires (French pronunciation: [nɔtʁə dam de viktwaʁ]) is a minor basilica located on rue Notre-Dame-des-Victoires in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris. It was begun as an abbey church and constructed between 1629 and 1740 in the French classical style. Its name was given by King Louis XIII, who dedicated it to his victory over the Protestants at La Rochelle in 1628 during the French Wars of Religion. Notre-Dame-des-Victoires is famous for the ex voto offerings left there by the faithful. Over 37,000 devotional plaques, silver and gold hearts, as well as military decorations, have been left at the basilica. The closest Métro station is 'Bourse'.

Ex-voto
An ex-voto is a votive offering to a saint or a divinity, given in fulfillment of a vow (hence the Latin term, short for ex voto suscepto, "from the vow made") or in gratitude or devotion. The term is usually restricted to Christian examples.
History of London
The history of London, the capital city of England and the United Kingdom, extends over 2000 years. In that time, it has become one of the world's most significant financial and cultural centres. It has withstood plague, devastating fire, civil war, aerial bombardment, terrorist attacks, and riots.

The City of London is the historic core of the Greater London metropolis, and is today its primary financial district, though it represents only a small part of the wider metropolis.

Great Plague of London
The Great Plague of London, lasting from 1665 to 1666, was the most recent major epidemic of the bubonic plague to occur in England. It happened within the centuries-long Second Pandemic, a period of intermittent bubonic plague epidemics that originated in Central Asia in 1331 (the first year of the Black Death), and included related diseases such as pneumonic plague and septicemic plague, which lasted until 1750.

The Great Plague killed an estimated 100,000 people—almost a quarter of London's population—in 18 months. The plague was caused by the Yersinia pestis bacterium, which is usually transmitted to a human by the bite of a flea or louse.

The 1665–66 epidemic was on a much smaller scale than the earlier Black Death pandemic. It became known afterwards as the "great" plague mainly because it was the last widespread outbreak of bubonic plague in England during the 400-year Second Pandemic.
Greg Gbur
Greg Gbur (born June 29, 1971) is an American author and physicist who specializes in the study of classical coherence theory in optical physics. He is a full professor at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte in the Department of Physics and Optical Science.

Coherence theory (optics)
In physics, coherence theory is the study of optical effects arising from partially coherent light and radio sources. Partially coherent sources are sources where the coherence time or coherence length are limited by bandwidth, by thermal noise, or by other effect. Many aspects of modern coherence theory are studied in quantum optics.

The theory of partial coherence was awoken in the 1930s due to work by Pieter Hendrik van Cittert and Frits Zernike.
Nikolay Ivanov (politician, born 1957)
Nikolay Nikolaevich Ivanov (Russian: Николай Николаевич Иванов; born January 17, 1957, Kursk) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 3rd, 6th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas.

From 1979 to 1981, Ivanov served at the Soviet Army. From 1981 to 1987, he served as an instructor and then as head of the department of the Kursk Regional Committee of the Komsomol. From 1997 to 1998, he was the Deputy Chairman of the Governor of Kursk Oblast Alexander Rutskoy. In December 1996, he was elected to the Kursk Oblast Duma. From 1999 to 2003, he was the deputy of the 3rd State Duma. In 2006 and 2011, he was elected to the Kursk Oblast Duma of the 4th and 5th convocations. He left the post to become deputy of the 6th State Duma. In 2016 and 2021, he was re-elected for the 7th, and 8th State Dumas.

3rd State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 3rd convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации III созыва) is a former convocation of the legislative branch of the State Duma, lower house of the Russian Parliament, elected on 19 December 1999. The 3rd convocation met at the State Duma building in Moscow from January 18, 2000, to December 29, 2003.
Cladophialophora
Cladophialophora is a genus of fungi in the family Herpotrichiellaceae. It has 35 species. The genus contains black yeast-like fungi, some of which are species of important medical significance. Cladophialophora bantiana causes the rare brain disease cerebral phaeohyphomycosis. Cladophialophora carrionii is a common cause of chromoblastomycosis in semi-arid climates. Some of the species are endophytes–associating with plants. For example, Cladophialophora yegresii is a cactus endophyte, which is sometimes introduced into humans via cactus spines.

Cladophialophora carrionii
Cladophialophora carrionii is a melanized fungus in the genus Cladophialophora that is associated with decaying plant material like cacti and wood. It is one of the most frequent species of Cladophialophora implicated in human disease. Cladophialophora carrionii is a causative agent of chromoblastomycosis, a subcutaneous infection that occurs in sub-tropical areas such as Madagascar, Australia and northwestern Venezuela. Transmission occurs through traumatic implantation of plant material colonized by C. carrionii, mainly infecting rural workers. When C. carrionii infects its host, it transforms from a mycelial state to a muriform state to better tolerate the extreme conditions in the host's body.
U.S. Route 410
U.S. Route 410 (US 410) was a U.S. Highway in Washington and Idaho that existed from 1926 to 1967. It ran 469 miles (755 km) from US 101 in Aberdeen, Washington, to US 95 in Lewiston, Idaho, passing through the cities of Olympia, Tacoma, Yakima, the Tri-Cities, and Walla Walla.

The highway had concurrencies with SR 8, US 99, and US 395. Even though the number indicates that US 410 was a spur of US 10, US 410 never connected with US 10, which is the same case with US 830 and US 30, although like the latter pair, they ran parallel in close proximity. When US 12 was extended into Washington in 1967, US 410 was decommissioned.

U.S. Route 101 in Washington
U.S. Route 101 (US 101) is a United States Numbered Highway that runs along the West Coast from Los Angeles, California to Tumwater, Washington. Within the state of Washington, US 101 connects cities on the coast of the Pacific Ocean and encircles the Olympic Peninsula around the Olympic Mountains. It also serves as the main access for Olympic National Park, several state parks, and other scenic and recreational areas.

The highway enters from Oregon on the Astoria–Megler Bridge over the mouth of the Columbia River near Astoria, Oregon. From there, it runs for 366 miles (589 km) north through Ilwaco, Raymond, Aberdeen, Hoquiam, and Forks before turning east towards Port Angeles. US 101 turns south near Discovery Bay and continues along the Hood Canal through Shelton towards Olympia, where it becomes a freeway and terminates at Interstate 5 (I-5) in Tumwater.