hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mikhail Khalansky
Mikhail Georgievich Khalansky (Russian: Михаил Георгиевич Халанский) (1 November 1857 — 29 March 1910) was Slavonic philologist and folklorist and corresponding member of the academy of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences since 5 December 1909. Some researchers include him into the Kharkiv Linguistic School.

Kharkiv Linguistic School
The Kharkiv Linguistic School (Kharkiv School) is a group of academics, mainly philologists, linguists and literary scientists, led by Alexander Potebnja. The term "Kharkiv Linguistic School" incorporates several academic traditions such as the Kharkiv Psychological School, the Kharkiv School of Comparative Linguistics, the Kharkiv Philological School and others.

Kharkiv School was an interdisciplinary centre with academics working on linguistic theory, publishing teaching materials, collecting Ukrainian folklore, writing their own poems and plays, as well as advocating for the importance of Ukrainian language and culture.
Conrad Vernon Morton
Conrad Vernon Morton (24 October 1905 – 29 July 1972) was an American botanist, who did notable writings on ferns. He was also a specialist in Gesneriaceae and Solanaceae for the Smithsonian Institution from 1928.

In 1938, botanists Standl. & Steyerm., published Mortoniodendron, a genus of flowering plants from Central America, belonging to the family Malvaceae in Conrad Morton's honour. Then in 1939, botanist Robert Everard Woodson published Mortoniella a monotypic genus of flowering plants from Central America, in the family Apocynaceae, also in his honour. Later in 1975, botanist Wiehler published Neomortonia, a genus of flowering plant from South America, belonging to the family Gesneriaceae.

Neomortonia
Neomortonia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae. It just contains one species, Neomortonia rosea Wiehler

Its native range is Costa Rica to Ecuador. It is also found in Colombia and Panama.

The genus name of Neomortonia is in honour of Conrad Vernon Morton (1905–1972), an American botanist who did notable writings on Ferns. He was also a specialist in Gesneriaceae and Solanaceae for the Smithsonian Institution from 1928. The Latin specific epithet of rosea refers to 
being rose-like. Both the genus and the species were first described and published in Selbyana Vol.1 on page 17 in 1975.
Undalya, South Australia
Undalya (Postcode: 5451) is a small rural town on the southern edge of the Clare Valley, in the mid north of the state of South Australia. It is located on the Horrocks Highway approximately halfway between the towns of Auburn and Rhynie, at the junction of the River Wakefield and Pine Creek. To the east lies the town of Saddleworth and to the south-west lies the town of Balaklava. The town was officially gazetted as Undalya in 1859.

Michell Group of Companies
G. H. Michell and Sons was an Australian wool processing and broking company based in Hindmarsh, South Australia, relocated to Salisbury, South Australia and with a change in company structure in the 1980s became Michell Australia Pty Ltd then the Michell Group of Companies.
Thörishaus Dorf railway station
Thörishaus Dorf railway station (German: Bahnhof Thörishaus Dorf) is a railway station in the municipality of Köniz, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Lausanne–Bern line of Swiss Federal Railways.

Köniz
Köniz (Swiss Standard German: [ˈkøːnɪts], Alemannic German: [ˈχʏnɪts]) is a statistical town (though residents still regard it as a village) and a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district right on the southern border to Bern in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. The municipality of Köniz as a single settlement would belong to the 15 most populous towns in Switzerland. It is also part of the larger agglomeration of Bern of about 400,000 inhabitants.

The official language of Köniz is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Winnicut River
The Winnicut River is a 9.1-mile-long (14.6 km) river in the Seacoast region of New Hampshire in the United States. A small river, it is nonetheless the major southeastern tributary of Great Bay, an estuary connected by way of the tidal Piscataqua River to the Atlantic Ocean.

The Winnicut River rises at the northern outlet of Line Swamp in the town of North Hampton, New Hampshire, just west of Interstate 95. The river flows north through gently rolling fields and scattered suburban development, eventually entering the town of Greenland. It passes under New Hampshire Route 33 and becomes a tidal river for its remaining mile to Great Bay.

Great Bay (New Hampshire)
43°04′01″N 70°52′07″W﻿ / ﻿43.06694°N 70.86861°W﻿ / 43.06694; -70.86861

Great Bay is a tidal estuary located in Strafford and Rockingham counties in eastern New Hampshire, United States. The bay occupies over 6,000 acres (24 km2), not including its several tidal river tributaries. Its outlet is at Hilton Point in Dover, New Hampshire, where waters from the bay flow into the Piscataqua River, thence proceeding southeast to the Atlantic Ocean near Portsmouth. The northern end of the bay, near its outlet, is referred to as Little Bay.
Baran railway station
Baran railway station is a railway station in Baran district, Rajasthan. Its code is BAZ. It serves Baran city. The station consists of 3 platforms. Passenger, Express, and Superfast trains halt here.
Some important trains are as:
14813/14 Bhopal-Jodhpur Passenger Express, 19811/12 Kota-Etawah Express, 22983/84 Indore-Kota Intercity Express, 12181/82 Jabalpur-Ajmer Dayodaya Express, 11603/04 Kota-Bina MEMU Train etc.

Baran, Rajasthan
Baran is a city in Baran district of the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is a municipality and the district headquarters of Baran district, famous for its 11th century Bhand Devra Temple on banks of Ramgarh crater. It is 339 km from the state capital Jaipur near Kota city. Three large rivers, Parban, Parbati, and Kalisindh, flow through the district.

Baran district has eight tehsils: Antah, Atru, Baran, Chhabra, Chhipabarod, Kishanganj, Mangrol, and Shahabad.
A Group of Danish Artists in Rome
A Group of Danish Artists in Rome is an 1837 oil painting by the Danish Golden Age artist Constantin Hansen. The work depicts a group of Danish painters, architects, and other artists in a Roman hotel room; those painters depicted are Hansen himself, Michael Gottlieb Bindesbøll, Martinus Rørbye, Wilhelm Marstrand, Albert Küchler, Ditlev Blunck, and Jørgen Sonne.

Constantin Hansen
Carl Christian Constantin Hansen (Constantin Hansen) (3 November 1804 – 29 March 1880) was one of the painters associated with the Golden Age of Danish Painting.  He was deeply interested in literature and mythology, and inspired by art historian Niels Laurits Høyen, he tried to recreate a national historical painting based on Norse mythology.  He painted also many altarpieces and portraits, including the monumental oil painting The Danish Constituent Assembly (Den grundlovgivende Rigsforsamling) between 1861 and 1865.
Geoff Molson
Geoffrey Eric Molson CM CQ (born July 23, 1970), is a  Canadian businessman and current president and chief executive officer and co-owner of the National Hockey League's Montreal Canadiens, Evenko, Bell Centre, and L'Équipe Spectra alongside his brothers Andrew Molson, and Justin Molson. Alongside, he is also a member of the ownership group behind the WNBA's upcoming expansion team, the Toronto Tempo. He is a member of the Molson family. He is also the Honorary Colonel of the Royal Military College Saint-Jean, in Quebec, Canada. Molson was made a knight of the National Order of Quebec in 2019 and a member of the Order of Canada in 2021.

Toronto Tempo
The Toronto Tempo are an upcoming Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto. The Tempo will compete in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) as a member of the Eastern Conference, and are scheduled to begin play in 2026. The team will play its home games at Coca-Cola Coliseum. The Tempo will be the first WNBA team located outside of the United States and the first in Canada.
Iron response element
In molecular biology, the iron response element or iron-responsive element (IRE) is a short conserved stem-loop which is bound by iron response proteins (IRPs, also named IRE-BP or IRBP).  The IRE is found in UTRs (untranslated regions) of various mRNAs whose products are involved in iron metabolism. For example, the mRNA of ferritin (an iron storage protein) contains one IRE in its 5' UTR.  When iron concentration is low, IRPs bind the IRE in the ferritin mRNA and cause reduced translation rates.  In contrast, binding to multiple IREs in the 3' UTR of the transferrin receptor (involved in iron acquisition) leads to increased mRNA stability.

Human iron metabolism
Human iron metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that maintain human homeostasis of iron at the systemic and cellular level.  Iron is both necessary to the body and potentially toxic. Controlling iron levels in the body is a critically important part of many aspects of human health and disease. Hematologists have been especially interested in systemic iron metabolism, because iron is essential for red blood cells, where most of the human body's iron is contained. Understanding iron metabolism is also important for understanding diseases of iron overload, such as hereditary hemochromatosis, and iron deficiency, such as iron-deficiency anemia.

A 2024 review examined iron metabolism and its interactions with calcium, magnesium, and selected trace elements (copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, mercury, and nickel), as well as their roles in certain diseases.
Ur-Nammu
Ur-Nammu (or Ur-Namma, Ur-Engur, Ur-Gur, Sumerian: 𒌨𒀭𒇉; died c. 2094 BC) founded the Sumerian Third Dynasty of Ur, in southern Mesopotamia, following several centuries of Akkadian and Gutian rule. Though he built many temples and canals his main achievement was building the core of the Ur III Empire through military conquest. Ur-Nammu is chiefly remembered today for his legal code, the Code of Ur-Nammu, the oldest known surviving example in the world. He also initiated the construction of the Ziggurat of Ur. He held the titles of "King of Ur" and "King of Sumer and Akkad". His personal goddess was Ninsuna.

Code of Ur-Nammu
The Code of Ur-Nammu is the oldest known surviving law code. It is from Mesopotamia and is written on tablets, in the Sumerian language. It contains strong statements of royal power like "I eliminated enmity, violence, and cries for justice."
Spoiling the Game
Spoiling the Game (German: Strich durch die Rechnung) is a 1932 German comedy film directed by Alfred Zeisler and starring Heinz Rühmann, Toni van Eyck, and Hermann Speelmans. Its hero is a young cyclist who enters a race.

It was made by German's largest film company UFA and shot at the velodrome in Forst (Lausitz). The film's sets were designed by the art directors Willi Herrmann and Herbert Lippschitz. A separate French-language version Rivaux de la piste was also released.

Herbert Lippschitz
Herbert Lippschitz (1904–1972) was a German art director. He rose to prominence during the Weimar Republic in the early sound era. The Jewish Lippschitz was forced to leave Germany following the rise of the Nazi Party to power in 1933. This largely halted his career although he was sporadically involved in films in a variety of different countries. He is sometimes credited as Herbert O. Phillips.
Colin Fielder
Colin Michael Raynor Fielder (born 5 January 1964) is an English former footballer who played for Aldershot Town, Farnborough Town, Slough Town, Woking and Yeovil Town. During his career he played as a midfielder.

Slough Town F.C.
Slough Town Football Club is a semi-professional English football club based in Slough, Berkshire. Nicknamed "The Rebels", the team competes in the National League South, at the sixth tier of English football, following promotion from the Southern League at the end of the 2017–18 season.
José Herrera (outfielder, born 1972)
José Ramón Herrera Catalino (born August 30, 1972) is a Dominican former professional baseball outfielder. He played parts of two seasons in Major League Baseball for the Oakland Athletics (1995–96). He also played in the Korea Baseball Organization in 2001–02. In 2010, he played for the York Revolution of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball and in the minor leagues for the Toronto Blue Jays and Baltimore Orioles.

Newark Bears
The Newark Bears were an American independent league professional baseball team based in Newark, New Jersey.  They were a member of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball and, later, the Canadian American Association of Professional Baseball. The Bears played their home games at Bears & Eagles Riverfront Stadium. The team folded after the 2013 season.
Rothschild's woolly rat
Rothschild's woolly rat (Mallomys rothschildi) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found on the island of New Guinea: both in the West Papua region of Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.

The species has been known to eat karuka nuts (Pandanus julianettii), and growers will put platforms or other obstacles on the trunks of the trees to keep the pests out.

Karuka
The karuka (Pandanus julianettii, also called karuka nut and Pandanus nut) is a species of tree in the screwpine family (Pandanaceae) and an important regional food crop in New Guinea.  The nuts are more nutritious than coconuts, and are so popular that villagers in the highlands will move their entire households closer to trees for the harvest season.
Stockholm Public Library
Stockholm Public Library (Swedish: Stockholms stadsbibliotek or Stadsbiblioteket) is a library building in Stockholm, Sweden, designed by Swedish architect Gunnar Asplund, and one of the city's most notable structures. The name is today used for both the main library itself, located close to Odenplan, as well as the municipal library system of Stockholm.

Since 2024 the building is closed for renovation. It is planned to open again in 2028.

Gunnar Asplund
Erik Gunnar Asplund (22 September 1885 – 20 October 1940) was a Swedish architect, mostly known as a key representative of Nordic Classicism of the 1920s during the last decade of his life. At this time, he was a major proponent of the modernist style which made its breakthrough in Sweden at the Stockholm International Exhibition (1930). Asplund was professor of architecture at the Royal Institute of Technology from 1931. His appointment was marked by a lecture, later published under the title "Our architectonic concept of space." The Woodland Crematorium at Stockholm South Cemetery (1935-1940) is considered his finest work and one of the masterpieces of modern architecture.
Villa Sormani
The baroque Villa Sormani is in the village of Moncucco in the city of Brugherio. The Villa Sormani was the site chosen by Count Paolo Andreani to demonstrate the first public balloon flight on Italian soil in 1784. In the grounds is a church that was moved from Switzerland.

Moncucco
Moncucco was an autonomous Italian municipality until March 30, 1871, when due to a royal decree it became a hamlet of the town of Brugherio, established in 1866. The actual village is located south of Brugherio, along the road that leads from Milan to Vimercate.
Água de Alto
Água de Alto is a civil parish in the municipality of Vila Franca do Campo on the island of São Miguel in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. The population in 2011 was 1,788, in an area of 18.41 km2.

Vila Franca do Campo
Vila Franca do Campo (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvilɐ ˈfɾɐ̃kɐ ðu ˈkɐ̃pu] ⓘ) is a Portuguese town on the island of São Miguel in the Autonomous Region of the Azores. It covers an area of 78.00 km² and has a population of 10,323 inhabitants (2021). The municipality is divided into six parishes and is bordered to the north by the municipality of Ribeira Grande, to the east by Povoação, to the west by Lagoa, and to the south it has a coastline along the Atlantic Ocean.

The Vila Franca Islet, an uninhabited coastal tuff cone, lies 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) from Vila Franca do Campo. Since 1993, the Ilhéu de Vila Franca has been a natural reserve and remains an important summer destination.
Parchnica
Parchnica [parxˈnit͡sa] (German: Parchnitz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cedynia, within Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, close to the German border. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) east of Cedynia, 44 km (27 mi) south of Gryfino, and 63 km (39 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 10.

Gmina Cedynia
Gmina Cedynia is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, on the German border. Its seat is the town of Cedynia, which lies approximately 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-west of Gryfino and 65 km (40 mi) south-west of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 180.38 square kilometres (69.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,343 (out of which the population of Cedynia amounts to 1,653, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 2,690).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Cedynia Landscape Park.
Dristor
Dristor is a neighborhood located in the southeastern part of Bucharest, Romania. It is bordered to the north by Baba Novac Street, to the south by Răcari Street, to the west by Mihai Bravu Street, and to the east by Fizicienilor Street. Nearby districts include Dudești, Vitan, Văcărești, and Titan. The Dristor metro station is a major node of Bucharest Metro's network.

Before the 1960s, there were no apartment buildings in the area; however, the first buildings were completed between 1961 and 1963, at the same time when the Comuna 63 building was completed (they were part of the initial development of the nearby Titan housing estate). The houses were mostly demolished in stages and then replaced by apartment buildings later in 1976–1977 and 1984–1989.

44°25′10.26″N 26°8′21.49″E﻿ / ﻿44.4195167°N 26.1393028°E﻿ / 44.4195167; 26.1393028

Apartment Building 63
Apartment Building 63, also called Commune 63 (Romanian Comuna 63) is an apartment building located in the Dristor neighbourhood in the south-eastern part of Bucharest (Sectorul 3) and it is the largest single residential building in Romania with a total of 950 one-room apartments, and holding just over 1,600 residents, although up to 2,500 people may be living there. The building is nicknamed the commune because of the large number of apartments that could house an entire village or commune, and because of the long corridors that stretch from one end of the building to the other and resemble a long country road. The apartment building has four staircases of 10 floors each and is built in the shape of a giant Z with an extension in the southern part of the structure. It is located near the Dristor metro station, a major node of the Bucharest Metro's railway network.
Library of the Fathers
The Library of the Fathers, more properly A library of fathers of the holy Catholic church: anterior to the division of the East and West, was a series of around 50 volumes of the Church Fathers, annotated in English translation, published 1838 to 1881 by John Henry Parker. Edited by Edward Bouverie Pusey and others including John Keble and John Henry Newman, this series of editions is closely associated with the origins of the Oxford Movement.

Edward Bouverie Pusey
Edward Bouverie Pusey (/ˈpjuːzi/; 22 August 1800 – 16 September 1882) was an English Anglican cleric, for more than fifty years Regius Professor of Hebrew at the University of Oxford. He was one of the leading figures in the Oxford Movement, with interest in sacramental theology and theological typology.
Pittsgrove Township, New Jersey
Pittsgrove Township is a township in Salem County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 8,777, a decrease of 616 (−6.6%) from the 2010 census count of 9,393, which in turn reflected an increase of 500 (+5.6%) from the 8,893 counted in the 2000 census.

Pittsgrove Township was formed by Royal charter on December 6, 1769 and was incorporated by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798, as one of the initial group of 104 townships established in New Jersey. Portions of the township were taken on March 4, 1822, to form Centreville Township (which was restored in 1829 when the township was dissolved), on March 10, 1846, to form Upper Pittsgrove Township and on January 28, 1893, to form Elmer borough. The township was named for William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, a supporter of the colonial cause.

Centreville Township, New Jersey
Centreville Township was a township that existed from 1822 to 1829 in Salem County, New Jersey, United States.

The township was incorporated by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 4, 1822, from portions of Pittsgrove Township. On February 8, 1829, the township was dissolved and its territory restored to Pittsgrove Township.
Fathers' rights movement by country
The fathers' rights movement has simultaneously evolved in many countries, advocating for shared parenting after divorce or separation, and the right of children and fathers to have close and meaningful relationships.  This article provides details about the fathers' rights movement in specific countries.

Fathers' rights movement
The fathers' rights movement is a branch of the men's rights movement whose members are primarily interested in issues related to family law, including child custody and child support, that affect fathers and their children. Many of its members are fathers who desire to share the parenting of their children equally with their children's mothers—either after divorce or marital separation. The movement includes men as well as women, often the second wives of divorced fathers or other family members of men who have had some engagement with family law. Most fathers' rights advocates argue for formal gender equality.
King of the Roaring '20s: The Story of Arnold Rothstein
King of the Roaring 20s: The Story of Arnold Rothstein is a 1961 American, biopic, drama, crime film directed by Joseph M. Newman, produced by Samuel Bischoff and starring David Janssen, Dianne Foster, Diana Dors and Jack Carson. The film is about the prohibition era gangster Arnold Rothstein, who rises to be a major figure in the criminal underworld. It is also known by the alternative title The Big Bankroll. It was based on a book by Leo Katcher.

Joseph M. Newman
Joseph M. Newman (August 17, 1909 – January 23, 2006) was an American film director most famous for his 1955 film This Island Earth. His credits include episodes of The Twilight Zone and The Alfred Hitchcock Hour.

He was nominated for two Academy Awards in the now defunct category of Assistant Director, for David Copperfield and San Francisco. He was also the last person nominated Assistant Director to die.
Laurie Ochoa
Laurie Ochoa is an American journalist and food critic.

After beginning her career at the alternative newspaper LA Weekly, Ochoa became a writer and editor for the Los Angeles Times. She then was hired as executive editor at Gourmet before moving back to Los Angeles to lead LA Weekly. She later returned to the Times as its arts and entertainment editor, becoming general manager of the newspaper's Food section in 2022.

LA Weekly
LA Weekly is a free weekly alternative newspaper in Los Angeles, California. The paper covers music, arts, film, theater, culture, and other local news in the Los Angeles area, in addition to sponsoring local events. LA Weekly was founded in 1978 by Jay Levin (among others), and he served as the publication's editor from 1978 to 1991, as well as its president from 1978 to 1992.