hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Noor Mohammad Shah
Noor Mohammad Shah (Kashmiri: نوٗر مُحمد شاہ, born 1954) is a Kashmiri traditional Sufi music performer and songwriter, from Baki-Aker village in Handwara town, in the Kupwara district of North Kashmir.

Kashmiri language
Kashmiri (English: /kæʃˈmɪəri/ kash-MEER-ee), also known by its endonym Koshur (Kashmiri: کٲشُر (Perso-Arabic, Official Script), pronounced [kəːʃur]), is an Indo-Aryan language of the Dardic branch spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris of the Kashmir region, primarily in the Kashmir Valley and surrounding hills of the Indian-administrated union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, over half the population of that territory. Kashmiri has split ergativity and the unusual verb-second word order.

Since 2020, it has been made an official language of Jammu and Kashmir along with Dogri, Hindi, Urdu and English. Kashmiri is also among the 22 scheduled languages of India.

Kashmiri is spoken by roughly five percent of Pakistani-administrated Azad Kashmir's population.
Jazz minor scale
The jazz minor scale also known as the ascending melodic minor scale or the Ionian ♭3 scale is a derivative of the melodic minor scale, except only the ascending form of the scale is used. As the name implies, it is primarily used in jazz, although it may be found in other types of music as well. It may be derived from the major scale with a minor third, making it a synthetic scale, and features a dominant seventh chord on the fifth degree (V) like the harmonic minor scale. It can also be derived from the diatonic Dorian mode with a major seventh

Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can download the audio file.

Thus, the jazz minor scale can be represented by the following notation:

1, 2, ♭3, 4, 5, 6, 7, (1)

The intervals between the notes of the jazz minor scale follow the sequence below:

whole, half, whole, whole, whole, whole, half

Or in short:

WHWWWWH

Major scale
A major scale is a sequence of musical notes containing a major triad on the tonic.

Most commonly, the term "major scale" refers to the natural major scale (or Ionian mode), which is one of the most commonly used musical scales, especially in Western music. It is one of the diatonic scales. Like many musical scales, it is made up of seven notes: the eighth duplicates the first at double its frequency so that it is called a higher octave of the same note (from Latin "octavus", the eighth). The notes C–D–E–F–G–A–B form a prototypical major scale.

Some lesser-used scales are also sometimes called major scales, such as the harmonic major scale, the melodic major scale, and the Lydian and Mixolydian diatonic modes.
People's Party (Montenegro, 1906)
The People's Party (Serbian: Народна странка, romanized: Narodna stranka, abbr. НС/ NS), also known as the Klubaši or the Narodnjaci, was a political party in the Principality of Montenegro and the Kingdom of Montenegro. The party represented the opposition to King Nikola I. The People's Party main political goal was the dethroning of the Petrović-Njegoš dynasty and the unification of Montenegro and Serbia. The founder of the party was Šako Petrović-Njegoš, Nikola I's cousin, other notable founding members of the party included Andrija Radović, Marko Radulović and Mihailo Ivanović. As a response to the formation of the People's Party in 1907, Petrović-Njegoš dynasty loyalists organised themselves into the True People's Party, also known as the Rightists.

Nicholas I of Montenegro
Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола I Петровић-Његош; 7 October [O.S. 25 September] 1841 – 1 March 1921) was the last monarch of Montenegro from 1860 to 1918, reigning as prince from 1860 to 1910 and as the country's first and only king from 1910 to 1918. His grandsons were kings Alexander I of Yugoslavia and Umberto II of Italy, among others.
Estonia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2024
Estonia was represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2024 with the song "Tänavad", written by Sven Lõhmus, and performed by Annabelle. The Estonian participating broadcaster, Eesti Rahvusringhääling (ERR), organised the national final Tähtede lava in order to select its artist for the contest, after which it internally selected the song.

Eesti Rahvusringhääling
59°26′3.32″N 24°46′17.09″E﻿ / ﻿59.4342556°N 24.7714139°E﻿ / 59.4342556; 24.7714139

Eesti Rahvusringhääling (ERR) – Estonian Public Broadcasting – is a publicly funded and owned radio and television organisation created in Estonia on 1 June 2007 to take over the functions of the formerly separate Eesti Raadio (ER) (Estonian Radio) and Eesti Televisioon (ETV) (Estonian Television), under the terms of the Estonian National Broadcasting Act. The first chair of ERR is Margus Allikmaa, the former chair of Eesti Raadio. Present CEO is Erik Roose.

The organisation has proved popular since its creation, with ETV becoming the national television channel, creating and producing their own shows. Eesti Rahvusringhääling (ERR) can be streamed live from all around the world from online browsers as well as an app.
Monarch Airlines
Monarch Airlines, simply known as Monarch, was a British charter and scheduled airline founded by Bill Hodgson and Don Peacock and financed by the Swiss Sergio Mantegazza family. The company later became a low-cost airline in 2004 before abandoning charter flying completely. The airline's headquarters were based at London–Luton, and it had operating bases at Birmingham, Leeds/Bradford, London–Gatwick and Manchester.

When Monarch entered administration in 2017, it was the biggest airline collapse in UK history up to that point, leaving nearly 100,000 passengers and holidaymakers stranded. However, on 23 September 2019, Thomas Cook also collapsed, leaving 150,000 people stranded, and went on to become the largest UK airline ever to collapse. The airline held a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) Type A Operating Licence. This licence allowed Monarch to carry passengers, cargo, and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats.

Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)
The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) is the statutory corporation which oversees and regulates all aspects of civil aviation in the United Kingdom. Its areas of responsibility include:

Supervising the issuing of pilots and aircraft engineers licences, testing of equipment, calibrating of navaids, and many other inspections (Civil Aviation Flying Unit).

Managing the regulation of security standards, including vetting of all personnel in the aviation industry (Directorate of Aviation Security).

Overseeing the national protection scheme for customers abroad in the event of a travel company failure (Air Travel Organisers' Licensing – ATOL).

Licensing of spaceflight activities in the UK. This includes: Launch, Range Control, Orbital Operators, and Spaceport licence issuing (Space Industry Act 2018).

The CAA is a public corporation of the Department for Transport, liaising with the government via the Standards Group of the Cabinet Office.
Estrela Clube Primeiro de Maio
Estrela Clube Primeiro de Maio, usually known simply as Primeiro de Maio or 1º de Maio, is a football (soccer) club from Benguela, Angola. The club was the result of a merger from two clubs: Estrela Vermelha de Benguela and Grupo Desportivo 1º de Maio being then named África Têxtil 1º de Maio de Benguela due to its then major sponsor, a Benguela-based textile factory called África Têxtil. Shortly afterwards, the name was changed to its present denomination. In its golden years, in the 1980s, the club has won two Angolan leagues (1983 and 1985), three Angolan cups (1982, 1983 and 2007) and one Angolan supercup (1985). Moreover, Primeiro de Maio became in 1994, the first Angolan club to reach the final of a CAF competition and to win the Angola Cup and the Angola Super Cup.

Taça de Angola
This is about the Angolan football (soccer) competition. For the similarly named sports competitions, see Taça de Angola (basketball), Taça de Angola (handball) Taça de Angola (roller hockey)

The Angolan football Cup is the main "knockout" cup competition in Angolan football.

The competition was established in 1980, whose format, in the first two editions, consisted of teams made up of the best players in each province, the so-called (selecção provincial). Starting from the 1982 season, the competition officially adopted the current club format.

The club format was established in 1982 following an unofficial cup competition won by Nacional de Benguela in 1980 and by TAAG in 1981. It is a knockout (one or two-leg elimination) tournament.
Charlotte Taylor (cricketer)
Charlotte Michelle Taylor (born 2 February 1994) is an English cricketer who has played for Hampshire, Southern Vipers and Southern Brave. Taylor is an off spin bowler, and was the top wicket taker at the 2020 Rachael Heyhoe Flint Trophy.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Dendrorhynchoides
Dendrorhynchoides is a genus of anurognathid pterosaur. It contains only the holotype species, D. curvidentatus, which was likely recovered from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China.

The genus was first named Dendrorhynchus in 1998 by Ji Shu'an and Ji Qiang, but that name proved to be preoccupied by a parasitic protozoan named in 1920 by David Keilin. It was therefore renamed in 1999. The type species is Dendrorhynchoides curvidentatus. The genus name is derived from Greek dendron, "tree" and rhynkhos, "snout" in reference to it being assumed a tree-dweller and presumed a close relative of Rhamphorhynchus. The specific name means "curved-toothed" in Latin. A second species, D. mutoudengensis, was described in 2012, but it was moved to a new genus, Luopterus, in 2020.

Yixian Formation
The Yixian Formation (simplified Chinese: 义县组; traditional Chinese: 義縣組; pinyin: Yìxiàn zǔ; formerly transcribed as Yihsien Formation or Yixiang Formation) is a geological formation in Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, that spans the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous. It is known for its exquisitely preserved fossils, and is mainly composed of basalts interspersed with siliciclastic sediments.
Joshy Joseph
Joshy Joseph is an Indian documentary filmmaker and film critic who has been active since the 1980s. He has won seven national film awards, including one for best film critic. Based in Kolkata, Joseph heads the Films Division, Eastern Region, where he oversees documentary film production and related activities.

Some of Joseph's notable works focus on the cultural, linguistic, ethnic, and political issues of India's northeastern states, apart from Bengal and Odisha. These include And the Bamboo Blooms (1999), Wearing the Face (2000), One Day from a Hangman's Life (2005), Journeying with Mahasweta Devi (2009), With Quietude to Nirad (2015), and Laparoscopic Cinemascapes (2022).

Joseph has made multiple documentaries on the late Bengali writer and activist Mahasweta Devi, based on his association with her from around 2004 until her death in 2016. These include Journeying with Mahasweta Devi (2009) and Mahasweta Devi – Close Up (2010).

National Film Award for Best Film Critic
The National Film Award for Best Film Critic is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the Directorate of Film Festivals, the organisation set up by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Swarna Kamal (Golden Lotus).

The award was instituted in 1984, at 32nd National Film Awards and awarded annually for films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages.
Columbia Plateau Trail
The Columbia Plateau State Park Trail is a 130-mile-long (210 km), 20-foot-wide (6.1 m) corridor in eastern Washington state maintained as part of the Washington State Park system. The rail trail runs along the abandoned right-of-way of the former Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway.

Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway
The Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway (SP&S; reporting mark SPS) was a railroad in the northwest United States. Incorporated in 1905, it was a joint venture by the Great Northern Railway and the Northern Pacific Railway to build a railroad along the north bank of the Columbia River. The railroad later built or acquired other routes in Oregon. The SP&S was merged into the Burlington Northern in March 1970. Remnants of the line are currently operated by BNSF Railway and the Portland and Western Railroad.
Micah Kai Lynette
Micah Kai Lynette (born March 17, 2001) is a Thai-American figure skater. He is the 2019 Southeast Asian Games bronze medalist and has competed in the final segment at three ISU Championships – 2018 Junior Worlds, 2019 Four Continents, and 2020 Four Continents.

2020 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships
The 2020 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships were held on February 4–9, 2020 in Seoul, South Korea. Held annually since 1999, the competition featured skaters from the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance.
Triin Tenso
Triin Tenso (born 1987) is an Estonian stage, film and television actress and filmmaker.

Tenso began her career in the prominent role of Kerli in the 2007 Ilmar Raag-directed drama The Class, which focused on the sustained bullying of two boys at a secondary school that ultimately leads to a school shooting. The following year, Tenso joined the cast of the popular, long-running Eesti Televisioon (ETV) drama series Õnne 13 as the character Sonja and appeared in the role of Kelly in the René Vilbre directed drama Mina olin siin. In 2010, she reprised her role of Kerli for Klass: Elu pärast, a television miniseries that follows up on the aftermath of the school shooting in the film The Class.

In addition to acting, Tenso has worked in a variety of positions on a number of films and television series, such as a focus puller, lighting technician, camera assistant, still photographer, first assistant director, assistant director, script supervisor and gaffer.

The Class (2007 film)
The Class (Estonian: Klass) is a 2007 Estonian drama film directed by Ilmar Raag. Themed on school violence, it was released on March 16, 2007. A 7 episode series was later produced, telling what happens after the initial movie. The series was called Class: Life After (Estonian: Klass: Elu pärast, which can also be translated as "Class: For Life/Life After").
North Quay ferry wharf
North Quay ferry wharf is located on the northern side of the Brisbane River serving the Brisbane central business district in Queensland, Australia. It is served by RiverCity Ferries' CityCat and CityHopper services.

Brisbane central business district
The Brisbane central business district (CBD), officially Brisbane City, is the central suburb and central business district of Brisbane, the state capital of  Queensland, Australia. It is also colloquially referred to as the "CBD", "the city", or simply "town". The CBD is located on a point on the northern bank of the Brisbane River, historically known as Meanjin, Mianjin  or Meeanjin in the local Yuggera dialect. The triangular-shaped peninsula is bounded by the median of the Brisbane River to the east, south and west. The point, known at its tip as Gardens Point, slopes upward to the north-west where the city is bounded by parkland and the inner city suburb of Spring Hill to the north. The CBD is bounded to the north-east by the suburb of Fortitude Valley. To the west the CBD is bounded by Milton, Petrie Terrace, and Kelvin Grove.

In the 2021 census, the suburb of Brisbane City had a population of 12,587 people.
Matthieu Vaxivière
Matthieu Vaxivière (born 3 December 1994) is a French racing driver from Limoges. He has been a factory driver for the Alpine brand since 2021, as part of which he has competed in the Hypercar class of the FIA World Endurance Championship. Vaxivière is also renowned for his prowess in the LMP2 category; he has scored two class podiums at the 24 Hours of Le Mans and won the Pro-Am title of the European Le Mans Series with AF Corse in 2023 and 2024.

AF Corse
AF Corse is an Italian auto racing team founded by former racing driver Amato Ferrari in 1995 in Piacenza.  Strongly linked to the Maserati and Ferrari brands, AF Corse currently competes in the FIA World Endurance Championship, GT World Challenge Europe, European Le Mans Series, Asian Le Mans Series, and International GT Open, and are four-time champions of the GT2 class of the former FIA GT Championship. The team has also entered cars under Advanced Engineering, AT Racing, PeCom Racing, Spirit of Race, Formula Racing, 8Star Motorsports and MR Racing, and in association with Michael Waltrip Racing (AF Waltrip).
London in film
London has been used frequently both as a filming location and as a film setting. These have ranged from historical recreations of the Victorian London of Charles Dickens and Sherlock Holmes, to the romantic comedies of Bridget Jones's Diary and Notting Hill, by way of crime films, spy thrillers, science fiction and the "swinging London" films of the 1960s.

Because of the dominant role played by the city in the British culture, the number of British mainstream and independent films set in London is enormous. It has also been used many times in American films, and often recreated on a Hollywood studio backlot.

Hollywood and the United Kingdom
Hollywood and the United Kingdom are connected via the American film industry's use of British source material, an exchange of talent, and Hollywood's financial investment in British facilities and productions. The American studios have had their own bases in the UK in the past, such as MGM-British, and Warner Bros. owned shares in the now long disestablished British distributor Warner-Pathé, once part of the Associated British Pictures Corporation. The U.K. has had major production studios in the United States such as Trilith Studios.
Lactucarium
Lactucarium is the milky fluid secreted by several species of lettuce, especially Lactuca virosa, usually from the base of the stems.  It is known as lettuce opium because of its sedative and analgesic properties.  It has also been reported to promote a mild sensation of euphoria.  Because it is a latex, lactucarium physically resembles opium, in that it is excreted as a white fluid and can be reduced to a thick smokable solid.

Although the effect is not that comparable, with opium being so much more potent, it still is effective in people who have no opioid tolerance.

Sedative
A sedative or tranquilizer is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability or excitement. They are central nervous system (CNS) depressants and interact with brain activity, causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Most sedatives produce relaxing effects by increasing GABA activity.

This group is related to hypnotics. The term sedative describes drugs that serve to calm or relieve anxiety, whereas the term hypnotic describes drugs whose main purpose is to initiate, sustain, or lengthen sleep. Because these two functions frequently overlap, and because drugs in this class generally produce dose-dependent effects (ranging from anxiolysis to loss of consciousness), they are often referred to collectively as sedative–hypnotic drugs.
FC Košice
FC Košice is a Slovak professional football club based in Košice, that currently plays in the Slovak First Football League, the highest tier of Slovak football. FC Košice was founded in 2018. They merged into a new club with FK Košice-Barca. From a historical and traditional point of view, the club follows the first football club from Košice, Kassai Athletikai Club from 1903, later known as FC VSS Košice, but from a legal point of view it is a new club with a clean slate.

Slovak First Football League
The Slovak First Football League (Slovak: 1. slovenská futbalová liga), officially known as Niké liga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Slovakia and the highest level of the Slovak football league system. It was formed in 1993 following the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. The record for most titles is fifteen, held by Slovan Bratislava, who are the current title holders.
Ralph S. Mouse
Children's literature portal

Ralph S. Mouse is the third in a children's novel trilogy that was written by Beverly Cleary. It features Ralph, a mouse with the ability to speak, but only with certain people who tend to be loners. It was first published in 1982, illustrated by Paul O. Zelinsky.

A film adaptation was broadcast in the ABC Weekend Special series in 1991.

ABC Weekend Special
ABC Weekend Special is a weekly 30-minute American television anthology series for children that aired Saturday mornings on ABC from September 10, 1977 to August 30, 1997, which featured a wide variety of stories that were both live-action and animated. Similar to both ABC Afterschool Special and The ABC Saturday Superstar Movie, the ABC Weekend Special differed in that it was primarily aimed at younger viewers following ABC's Saturday-morning cartoon lineup, whereas the ABC Afterschool Special was known for its somewhat more serious, and often dramatic, storylines dealing with issues concerning a slightly older teen and pre-teen audience. The main focus of ABC Weekend Special was to encourage children to read.

With the debut of the ABC Weekend Special, some of the early ABC Afterschool Specials that had been targeted towards younger viewers were subsequently repackaged and re-run instead as ABC Weekend Specials.
Telephone Advisory Committees
Telephone / Telecom Advisory Committees (TAC) was a high level Indian government body made up of members of parliament and other members nominated by the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology to address issues concerning telecommunication in India. Looked upon as a privileged panel, the Telephone Advisory Committees, constituted by the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India) of the Government of India to serve as a vital feedback mechanism for improvement of services in the Telecommunications sector by the  Department of Telecommunications

These Committees were abolished in 2001.

Minister of Communications (India)
The minister of communications (Hindi: संचार मंत्री) is the head of the Ministry of Communications and a senior member of the union council of ministers of the Government of India. The portfolio is usually held by a minister with cabinet rank who is a senior member of the council of ministers and is often assisted by one or two junior ministers or the ministers of state.

The current minister is Jyotiraditya Scindia who has been serving in office since 10 June 2024 and is currently assisted by Dr. Chandra Sekhar Pemmasani as the minister of state for communications.

One former president - Shankar Dayal Sharma served as minister in the ministry. Sharma was Cabinet minister for communications from 1974 until 1977. Two former prime ministers, Lal Bahadur Shastri and Inder Kumar Gujral also served as ministers in the ministry. Shastri was Cabinet minister for transport and communications from 1957 until 1958, while Gujral was minister of state for communications from 1967 until 1971.