hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Western Java rain forests
The Western Java rain forests ecoregion (World Wildlife Fund ID: IM0168) covers the lowland rain forests below 1,000 meters in elevation in the western half of the island of Java in Indonesia. There are a variety of forest types - evergreen, semi-evergreen, moist deciduous, and even some patches of freshwater swamp.  The forests have degraded by conversion of the low areas to agriculture, and by logging. National parks protect some of the last remaining untouched rain forest. A number of endangered mammals are found in the ecoregion, including the Javan rhinoceros, the silvery gibbon, and the Javan surili.

Javan surili
The Javan surili (Presbytis comata) is a vulnerable species of Old World monkey endemic to the western half of Java, Indonesia, a biodiversity hotspot. Other common names by which it is known by include gray, grizzled or Sunda Island surili; grizzled or stripe-crested langur; Javan grizzled langur; grizzled, Java or Javan leaf monkey; langur gris.

There are two subspecies of the Javan surili:

Presbytis comata comata - Occurs in western Java

Presbytis comata fredericae - Occurs in central Java

This colobine species has a sacculated stomach to assist the breakdown in the cellulose from the leaves it feeds on. It has a small, slender face and tail, and large round stomachs. Its coloring ranges from dark gray to white. Leaf monkeys tend to be active during the day, spending up to 5 hours grooming themselves.
Crusade of 1101
The Crusade of 1101, also known as the Crusade of the Faint-Hearted, was launched in the aftermath of the First Crusade with calls for reinforcements from the newly established Kingdom of Jerusalem and to rescue the famous Bohemond of Taranto from Muslim captivity. Pope Paschal II, successor to Urban II (who died before learning of the outcome of the crusade that he had called), urged a new expedition. He especially urged those who had taken the crusade vow but had never departed and those who had turned back while on the march. The crusade was a resounding defeat of the West by the Seljuk Turks.

Seljuk dynasty
The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids (/ˈsɛldʒʊk/ SEL-juuk; Turkish: Selçuklular, Persian: سلجوقیان Saljuqian,) alternatively spelled as Saljuqids or Seljuk Turks, was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that culturally became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture.

The founder of the Seljuk dynasty, Seljuk Beg, was a descendant of a royal Khazar chief Tuqaq who served as advisor to the King of the Khazars, in West Asia and Central Asia. The Seljuks established the Seljuk Empire (1037–1194), the Sultanate of Kermân (1041–1186) and the Sultanate of Rum (1074–1308), which stretched from Iran to Anatolia and were the prime targets of the First Crusade.
Shaun O'Hara
Shaun O'Hara (born June 23, 1977) is an American former professional football player who was a center for 11 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Rutgers Scarlet Knights.  He started in the NFL by signing as an undrafted free agent with the Cleveland Browns, and spent the majority of his career with the New York Giants.  He was a three-time Pro Bowl selection.

Rutgers Scarlet Knights football
The Rutgers Scarlet Knights football program represents Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Rutgers competes as a member of the Big Ten Conference. Prior to joining the Big Ten, the Scarlet Knights were a member of the American Athletic Conference (formerly the Big East Conference) from 1991 to 2013. Rutgers plays its home games at SHI Stadium, in Piscataway, New Jersey. The team is currently led by head coach Greg Schiano. The Scarlet Knights football team is also notable for playing in the first college football game in 1869, in which the Scarlet Knights won by the score 6–4.
Early California artists
Early California Artists are a subset of American Western artists, painting in the mid-to-late 19th century. Their styles varied from realistic representation to the imagined.

The Early California artists helped shape and create California in culture and politics. Some were members of early survey expeditions of the West, such as Thomas Ayres and Albert Bierstadt.  Their eyes, via their art, were the eyes through which the Easterners saw and imagined California and 'The West,' from the renowned early California artists Thomas Hill, William Keith, and Thomas Moran to the populist John Englehart.

Thomas Moran
Thomas Moran (February 12, 1837 – August 25, 1926) was an American painter and printmaker of the Hudson River School in New York whose work often featured the Rocky Mountains. Moran and his family, wife Mary Nimmo Moran and daughter Ruth, took residence in New York where he obtained work as an artist. He was a younger brother of the noted marine artist Edward Moran, with whom he shared a studio. A talented illustrator and exquisite colorist, Thomas Moran was hired as an illustrator at Scribner's Monthly. During the late 1860s, he was appointed the chief illustrator for the magazine, a position that helped him launch his career as one of the premier painters of the American landscape, in particular, the American West.

Moran along with Albert Bierstadt, Thomas Hill, and William Keith are sometimes referred to as belonging to the Rocky Mountain School of landscape painters because of all of the Western landscapes made by this group.
We'll Live It All Again
"We'll Live It All Again (Lo rivivrei)" is a song recorded by Italian-American duo Al Bano and Romina Power, with music composed by Detto Mariano and lyrics written by Albano and Romina themselves. It represented Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 1976 held in The Hague.

Romina Power
Romina Francesca Power (born October 2, 1951) is an American actress and singer. She is the daughter of actor Tyrone Power and actress Linda Christian. With her then-husband, Albano Carrisi, she formed the music duo Al Bano & Romina Power, which gained popularity in many parts of the world during the 1980s.
Fiona Stewart (author)
Fiona Stewart is an Australian author and former executive director of the pro-euthanasia group Exit International (2004-7). She is co-author with her husband, euthanasia advocate Philip Nitschke, of two books about euthanasia. She now vets people for eligibility to join Exit, calling herself "the door bitch".

Exit International
Exit International is an international non-profit organisation advocating legalisation of voluntary euthanasia and assisted suicide. It was previously known as the Voluntary Euthanasia Research Foundation (VERF Inc.).

Exit International was founded by Philip Nitschke in 1997 after the over-turning of the world's first Voluntary Euthanasia law—the Rights of the Terminally Ill (ROTI) Act enacted in the Northern Territory, Australia. During the ROTI Act, Nitschke became the first physician in the world to administer a legal, lethal, voluntary injection.

The organisation had 3,500 members as of 2011. Their average age is 75.
Catatumbo lightning
Catatumbo lightning (Spanish: Relámpago del Catatumbo) is an atmospheric phenomenon that occurs over and around Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela, typically over a bog area formed where the Catatumbo River flows into the lake. Catatumbo means "House of Thunder" in the language of the Barí people. It originates from a mass of storm clouds at an altitude of more than 1 km (0.6 mi), and occurs for 140 to 160 nights a year, nine hours per day, and with lightning flashes from 16 to 40 times per minute. The phenomenon sees the highest density of lightning in the world, at 250 per km2. In summers, the phenomenon may even occur as dry lightning without rainfall.

The lightning changes its flash frequency throughout the year, and it is different from year to year. For example, it ceased from January to March 2010, apparently due to drought, leading to speculation that it might have been extinguished permanently.

Barí people
The Motilones-Barí, sometimes also called Barís, Motilones (or for its singular: Motilón) or Dobocubis, are a group of Indigenous people who live in the Catatumbo River basin in Norte de Santander Department in Colombia in South America and who speak the Barí language. They are descendants of the Tairona culture concentrated in northeastern Colombia and western Venezuela.
Yellow-billed amazon
The yellow-billed amazon (Amazona collaria), also called the yellow-billed parrot or Jamaican amazon, is a species of parrot in the family Psittacidae. It is a predominantly green parrot with a short tail and pink throat and neck. It is endemic to Jamaica, where its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, plantations, and rural gardens. It is threatened by habitat loss and illegal trapping of wild birds for the pet trade.

The yellow-billed amazon was one of the many species originally described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.

10th edition of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of Systema Naturae (Latin; the English title is A General System of Nature) is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of Species Plantarum.
A Coruña (Senate constituency)
A Coruña (Spanish: La Coruña, English: Corunna) is one of the 59 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Senate, the upper chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency elects four senators. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of A Coruña. The electoral system uses open list partial block voting, with electors voting for individual candidates instead of parties. Electors can vote for up to three candidates.

Limited voting
Limited voting (also known as partial block voting) is a voting system in which electors have fewer votes than there are positions available. The positions are awarded to the candidates who receive the most votes.  In the special case in which the voter may vote for only one candidate and there are two or more posts, this system is called the single non-transferable vote or sometimes the strictly limited vote.
Marasmius funalis
Marasmius funalis is a species of Marasmiaceae fungus known only from Japan. The species produces small mushrooms with reddish-brown caps up to 6 millimetres (0.24 in) in diameter and dark-brown, threadlike stems of up to 50 millimetres (2.0 in) in length. The species has a number of distinctive microscopic features, including very long cystidia on the stem, visible as bristles. Described in 2002 by Haruki Takahashi, the species grows on dead wood. The  closest relative of M. funalis is M. liquidambari, known from Mexico and Papua New Guinea, and it is also similar in appearance to M. hudonii and Setulipes funaliformis, the latter of which was named after M. funalis.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Manuel Hermoso
Manuel Antonio Hermoso Rojas (24 June 1935 – 17 June 2025) was a Canarian politician.

Hermoso was mayor of Santa Cruz de Tenerife from 1979 until 1991 and the fourth president of the Canary Islands Autonomous Region between 1993 and 1999. He represented the Canarian Coalition party and was the first politician ever to bring his party and himself into power in 1993. He was later succeeded after the elections by another Canarian Coalition politician Román Rodríguez Rodríguez in 1999.

Canarian Coalition
The Canarian Coalition (Spanish: Coalición Canaria, CC or CCa) is a regionalist and Canarian nationalist political party in Spain operating in the Canary Islands. The party's aim is for greater autonomy for the islands but not independence. Its position has been labeled as centrist and centre-right. The party governed the Canary Islands from 1993 to 2019; and currently since 2023 under Fernando Clavijo Batlle's leadership.

It usually negotiates with the plurality party at the Cortes to form a majority in exchange for resources for the islands. It also governs the local administrations of Tenerife, La Palma, and Fuerteventura, as well as having majority control in some of the town councils on the Canary Islands.
Federal Correctional Institution, Dublin
The Federal Correctional Institution, Dublin (FCI Dublin) was a low-security United States federal prison for female inmates in Dublin, California. The facility had an adjacent satellite prison camp housing minimum-security female offenders.

FCI Dublin was located 20 miles southeast of Oakland. It was located near Santa Rita Jail, which is operated by Alameda County.

FCI Dublin opened in 1974. It became an exclusively female prison in 2012 and was one of five federal prisons for women in the United States. In 2021 and 2022, the facility was embroiled in a scandal over a permissive and toxic culture of rampant sexual abuse by staff at the facility. After 60 Minutes aired a special in January 2024 titled "Agency In Crisis", the FBI raided the FCI Dublin and shortly after, the Bureau of Prisons announced its closure on April 15, 2024.

Federal Bureau of Prisons
The Federal Bureau of Prisons (FBOP) is a federal law enforcement agency of the United States Department of Justice that is responsible for all federal prisons in the country and provides for the care, custody, and control of federal prisoners.
Leipzig Land 3
Leipzig Land 3 is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Landtag of Saxony. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 23. It is within the district of Leipzig.

Leipzig (district)
Leipzig (official name: Landkreis Leipzig) is a district (Kreis) in the Free State of Saxony in eastern Germany. It is named after the city of Leipzig, which borders onto the district, but the city is not part of the district. Leipzig district has borders with (from the west and clockwise) the state of Saxony-Anhalt, the urban district of Leipzig, the districts of Nordsachsen and Mittelsachsen, and the state of Thuringia.
Clothing in India
Clothing in India varies with the different ethnicities, geography, climate, and cultural traditions of the people of each region of India. Historically, clothing has evolved from simple garments like kaupina, langota, achkan, lungi, sari, to perform rituals and dances. In urban areas, western clothing is common and uniformly worn by people of all social levels. India also has a great diversity in terms of weaves, fibres, colours, and the material of clothing. Sometimes, colour codes are followed in clothing based on the religion and ritual concerned. The clothing in India also encompasses a wide variety of Indian embroidery, prints, handwork, embellishments, and styles of wearing clothes. A wide mix of Indian traditional clothing and western styles can be seen in India.

Kaupinam
The kaupinam, kovanam, kaupina, langot, or lungooty is a loincloth worn by men in the Indian subcontinent as underclothing. It is still commonly worn in South Asia by pehlwans (wrestlers) while exercising or sparring in a dangal. It is basically a rectangular strip of cloth used to cover the genitals, with strings connected to the four ends of the cloth, for binding it around the waist and between the legs.

The short type of lungooty worn by naga sadhus or babas often leaves the buttocks bare, it is also known as ''coopees''.
Yannick Leliendal
Yannick Cereso Frederik Leliendal (born 23 April 2002) is a professional footballer who plays as a left back for Eredivisie club Volendam. Born in the Netherlands and raised in Belgium, Leliendal plays for the Suriname national team.

Suriname national football team
The Suriname national football team (Dutch: Surinaams voetbalelftal)  represents Suriname in men's international football. The team is controlled by the Surinaamse Voetbal Bond (English: Surinamese Football Association), which is a member of CONCACAF.
Russian winter offensive in Ukraine (2022–2023)
The Russian Winter Offensive of 2022–2023  was a military campaign executed by the Russian Armed Forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine. On 22 December 2022, Chief of the General Staff of the Russian Federation Valery Gerasimov announced that the Russian military would focus on capturing the remainder of Donetsk Oblast. In early February 2023, Russian troops began their winter offensive on the western section of the front in Donetsk Oblast and on the Kupiansk–Svatove–Kreminna–Lyman line. According to military experts, Russia wanted to quickly break through Ukrainian defenses and seize the Donetsk Oblast. However, the Russian offensive was slow, and according to American and British intelligence estimates, in the winter of 2023 the Russian army managed to achieve only minor progress at the cost of huge losses of its own. However, western analysts noted that Ukraine also suffered significant losses among military personnel and equipment.

Battle of Vuhledar
During the Russo-Ukrainian war, the first main Russian effort to capture Vuhledar, a city in Donetsk Oblast, took place in the early months of 2023, following an advance through the surrounding area the preceding year. Ukrainian commanders described these clashes as "the largest tank battle" of the war to date. This assault in and around the city failed, with large-scale Russian losses and the dismissal of commander Rustam Muradov, who led the attack. Similarly unsuccessful small-scale attempts at advancing near the city were launched throughout 2023 and the first half of 2024.

In late August 2024, a renewed large-scale effort to capture Vuhledar was launched. Aided by the support of simultaneous advances on the city's southern, western, and eastern flanks, Russian forces near-encircled Vuhledar by late September, while storming the city itself. On 1 October, Vuhledar was captured.
Bessus
Bessus or Bessos (Old Persian: *Bayaçā; Ancient Greek: Βήσσος), also known by his throne name Artaxerxes V (Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 Artaxšaçāʰ; Ancient Greek: Ἀρταξέρξης; died summer 329 BC), was a Persian satrap of the eastern Achaemenid satrapy of Bactria, as well as the self-proclaimed King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire from 330 to 329 BC.

A member of the ruling Achaemenid dynasty, Bessus came to power shortly after killing the legitimate Achaemenid ruler Darius III (r. 336–330 BC), and subsequently attempted to hold the eastern part of the empire against the Macedonian king Alexander the Great (r. 336–323 BC). His realm quickly started to fall apart, including Bactria, which was the main center. Fleeing to Sogdia, he was arrested by his own men, who handed him over to Alexander, who had him executed at Ecbatana.

Bessus appears in the 11th-century Persian epic Shahnameh under the name of Janusipar/Janushyar.

Satrap
A satrap (/ˈsætrəp/) was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires. A satrapy is the territory governed by a satrap.

A satrap served as a viceroy to the king, though with considerable autonomy. The word came to suggest tyranny or ostentatious splendour, and its modern usage is a pejorative and refers to any subordinate or local ruler, usually with unfavourable connotations of corruption.
Rosa 'Margaret McGredy'
Rosa 'Margaret McGredy'   is an orange-red hybrid tea rose, bred by Irish rose breeder Sam McGredy III before 1925. The new rose was awarded the Royal National Rose Society (RNRS) Gold Medal in 1925, but was never commercially successful. 'Margaret McGredy, along with an unnamed seedling, was used to hybridize the legendary hybrid tea rose, 'Peace'.

Royal National Rose Society
The Royal National Rose Society  (RNRS) (1876–2017) was a specialist horticultural organization in the United Kingdom dedicated to the cultivation and appreciation of roses. Founded in 1876 as the "National Rose Society",  it was the world's oldest plant society. It was a membership organisation, with members drawn from professional and amateur gardeners and horticultural businesses. Originally based in London, the rose society moved its headquarters to Chiswell Green, near St Albans,  Hertfordshire in 1959, where it created the Royal National Rose Society Gardens. In 1965, the society changed its name to the "Royal National Rose Society" (RNRS). At the height of its popularity, the RNRS had 100,000 members and its gardens contained 30,000 rose shrubs. The organisation was dissolved in May, 2017 and the gardens were closed permanently.
WHIZ-TV
WHIZ-TV (channel 18) is a television station in Zanesville, Ohio, United States, affiliated with NBC, Fox and MyNetworkTV. It is owned by Marquee Broadcasting alongside the company's only radio properties—WHIZ (1240 AM), WHIZ-FM (92.7), and WZVL (103.7 FM). The four stations share studios on Downard Road in Zanesville, where WHIZ-TV's transmitter is also located.

Although this station is somewhat overshadowed by network affiliates in the nearby Columbus market such as fellow NBC affiliate WCMH-TV, WHIZ-TV provides local news to its limited local area. In addition, the station provides local sports programming, including local high school basketball games on Fridays. It is the only major commercial television station in Zanesville, with the only other local station being PBS member station WOUC-TV (Ohio University at Athens).

WHIZ-FM
WHIZ-FM (92.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to South Zanesville, Ohio, featuring a contemporary hit radio format known as "Z92". Owned by Marquee Broadcasting, WHIZ-FM's studios are located on Downard Road in Zanesville and its transmitter is located near Crooksville, Ohio. WHIZ-FM was previously broadcast on 102.5 FM.
Telegraph Station in Melarnir
The Telegraph Station in Melarnir (Icelandic: Loftskeytastöðin á Melunum) is a former wireless telegraphy station in Reykjavík, which operated between 1918 and 1963. The station was the first of its kind in the country, transmitting using two 77-metre-tall (253 ft) masts.

It became a listed building in 2015. Since 2024, it has served as a cultural centre housing exhibitions and events, run by the University of Iceland.

University of Iceland
The University of Iceland (Icelandic: Háskóli Íslands [ˈhauːˌskouːlɪ ˈistlan(t)s]) is a public research university in Reykjavík, Iceland, and the country's oldest and largest institution of higher education. Founded in 1911, it has grown steadily from a small civil servants' school to a modern comprehensive university, providing instruction for about 14,000 students in twenty-five faculties. Teaching and research is conducted in social sciences, humanities, law, medicine, natural sciences, engineering and teacher education. It has a campus concentrated around Suðurgata, a street in central Reykjavík, with additional facilities located in nearby areas as well as in the countryside.