hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Israel Shahak
Dr. Israel Shahak (Hebrew: ישראל שחק; born Israel Himmelstaub, 28 April 1933 – 2 July 2001) was an Israeli professor of organic chemistry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, a Holocaust survivor, an intellectual of liberal political bent, and a civil-rights advocate and activist on behalf of both Jews and Gentiles (non-Jews). For twenty years, he headed the Israeli League for Human and Civil Rights (1970–90) and was a public critic of the policies of the governments of Israel. As a public intellectual, Shahak's works about Judaism proved controversial, especially the book Jewish History, Jewish Religion: The Weight of Three Thousand Years (1994).

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.
Vocobeat
Vocobeat is the fourth studio album by the a cappella group Rockapella. It is their first all original album and marks the first full-time CD debut of Jeff Thacher as the group's vocal percussionist. This album is also the first to include the phrase "All sounds on this album were produced exclusively by the voices and body parts of Rockapella" on the CD insert.

Rockapella
Rockapella is an American a cappella musical group formed in 1986 in New York City. The group's name is a portmanteau of "rock" and "a cappella". Rockapella sings original vocal music and a cappella versions of other songs. Over time, their sound has evolved from high-energy pop and world music style toward a sound more influenced by R&B. Rockapella found their enduring success in Japan early in their career. They are most successful for their role as a house band and comedy troupe on the PBS children's geography game show Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego?.

In addition to three compilation albums in Japan, Rockapella has released 19 albums in the US and Japan. Since the band's vocal percussionist was hired, the line "All sounds provided by the voices and appendages of Rockapella" has been printed on each of their CDs.
Sengwer people
The Sengwer people (also known as Cherang'any and previously as Sekker, Siger, Sigerai, Segelai, Senguer, Senguel, and Jangwel) are an indigenous Kalenjin-speaking community who primarily live in the Embobut forest in the western highlands of Kenya and in scattered pockets across Trans Nzoia, West Pokot and Elgeyo-Marakwet counties. The Sengwer are sometimes portrayed as a component of the Marakwet people but are a distinct sub-grouping

The Sengwer people are currently a marginalized community and face significant threats to their identity and ancestral lands.
International and human rights organizations including the United Nations,
Amnesty International and the Kenya Human Rights Commission recognize the Sengwer as indigenous peoples whose claim to the area goes back hundreds of years and have repeatedly raised concerns about human rights violations against them.: 31–33 : 3, 32–33, 60–61

Elgeyo-Marakwet County
Elgeyo-Marakwet County is one of Kenya's 47 counties. Located in the former Rift Valley Province, its capital and largest town is Iten. It borders the counties of West Pokot to the north, Baringo County to the east, southeast and south, Uasin Gishu to the southwest and west, and Trans Nzoia to the northwest.
WOCV-CD
WOCV-CD (channel 35) is a low-power, Class A television station in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, airing programming from the digital multicast network Catchy Comedy (formerly known as Decades). The station is owned and operated by Weigel Broadcasting, and maintains a transmitter in Parma, Ohio.

WOCV-CD has some cable carriage, most notably on Charter Spectrum—channel 15 in Cleveland and channel 13 in Akron.

Catchy Comedy
Catchy Comedy, formerly known as Decades, is an American digital broadcast television network owned by Weigel Broadcasting. The network, which is mainly carried on the digital subchannels of television stations, primarily airs classic television sitcoms from the 1950s through the 2010s.  Established in 2015, the network was previously called Decades.

Through its ownership by Weigel, Catchy Comedy is a sister network to MeTV, and is carried in 480i widescreen.

Since fall 2019, the network is carried on Fox-owned stations in 12 markets as part of a multi-year agreement with Fox Television Stations, after switching from CBS-owned stations.
Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation
Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI, pronounced /ˈdʒɛdaɪ/) is a LiDAR altimeter mission by NASA to measure how deforestation has contributed to atmospheric CO2 concentrations. A full-waveform LiDAR was attached to the International Space Station to provide the first global, high-resolution observations of forest vertical structure. This will allow scientists to map habitats and biomass, particularly in the tropics, providing detail on the Earth's carbon cycle. Although GEDI has been originally developed to monitor biomass and carbon cycle, other potentials have been also investigated such as inland water level monitoring and DSM generation.

The Principal Investigator is Ralph Dubayah, at the University of Maryland. The Deputy Principal Investigator & Instrument Scientist is J. Bryan Blair at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.

Digital elevation model
A digital elevation model (DEM) or digital surface model (DSM) is a 3D computer graphics representation of elevation data to represent terrain or overlaying objects, commonly of a planet, moon, or asteroid. A "global DEM" refers to a  discrete global grid. DEMs are used often in geographic information systems (GIS), and are the most common basis for digitally produced relief maps.
A digital terrain model (DTM) represents specifically the ground surface while DEM and DSM may represent tree top canopy or building roofs.

While a DSM may be useful for landscape modeling, city modeling and visualization applications, a DTM is often required for flood or drainage modeling, land-use studies, geological applications, and other applications, and in planetary science.
Susan J. Crawford
Susan Jean Crawford (born April 22, 1947) is an American lawyer, who was appointed the Convening Authority for the Guantanamo military commissions, on February 7, 2007.
Secretary of Defense Robert Gates appointed Crawford to replace John D. Altenburg.

She had previously served as judge and chief judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces, Inspector General of the Department of Defense (appointed by George H. W. Bush), General Counsel for the Department of the Army (appointed by Ronald Reagan) and Assistant State's Attorney for Garrett County, Maryland.

United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces
The United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (in case citations, C.A.A.F. or USCAAF) is an Article I court that exercises worldwide appellate jurisdiction over members of the United States Armed Forces on active duty and other persons subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice. The court is composed of five civilian judges appointed for 15-year terms by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the United States Senate. The court reviews decisions from the intermediate appellate courts of the services: the Army Court of Criminal Appeals, the Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals, the Coast Guard Court of Criminal Appeals, and the Air Force Court of Criminal Appeals.
Chaya Mushka Schneerson
Chaya Mushka (Moussia) Schneerson (Yiddish: חיה מושקא שניאורסאן; March 16, 1901 – February 10, 1988), referred to by Lubavitchers as The Rebbetzin, was the wife of Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the seventh and last rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad-Lubavitch branch of Hasidic Judaism. She was the second of three daughters of the sixth Lubavitcher rebbe, Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn. She was named after the wife of the third Lubavitcher rebbe, Menachem Mendel Schneersohn.

Menachem Mendel Schneersohn
Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneersohn (Yiddish: מנחם מענדל שניאורסאהן; September 20, 1789 – March 17, 1866), also known as the Tzemach Tzedek (Hebrew: "Righteous Sprout" or "Righteous Scion"), was an Orthodox rabbi, leading 19th-century posek, and the third Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic movement.
USS Liscome Bay
USS Liscome Bay (ACV/CVE-56) was the second of fifty Casablanca-class escort carriers built to serve the United States Navy during World War II. Launched in April 1943 and commissioned the following August, she was named for Liscome Bay in Dall Island in the Alexander Archipelago of Alaska. On 24 November 1943, her munitions were catastrophically detonated by a torpedo attack by the Japanese submarine I-175 while she was acting as the flagship of Carrier Division 24, which was supporting operations on Makin. She quickly sank with the loss of 702 officers and sailors, including Doris Miller, the first black recipient of the Navy Cross and the namesake of the Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carrier Doris Miller.  Her loss is the deadliest sinking of a carrier in the history of the United States Navy.

USS Doris Miller
USS Doris Miller (CVN-81) will be the fourth Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carrier of the United States Navy. Doris Miller is scheduled to be laid down January 2026, launched October 2029 and commissioned in 2032. She will be built at Newport News Shipbuilding, a division of Huntington Ingalls Industries (formerly Northrop Grumman Shipbuilding) in Newport News, Virginia.
Super Mario Galaxy (Original Soundrack)
The Super Mario Galaxy Original Soundtrack is the video game soundtrack for Super Mario Galaxy. It was released in Japan and Europe on January 31, 2008, and in the United States on October 31, 2011, exclusively to Club Nintendo members. There is a one-disc edition and a two-disc Platinum Version. The American version is called the Super Mario Galaxy Official Soundtrack, and it was released only in the regular edition. The regular edition has 28 music tracks, while the Platinum Version has all 81 music tracks from the game. 77 of the music tracks are composed by Mahito Yokota, and four by Koji Kondo. The Mario Galaxy Orchestra provided the soundtrack's orchestral performances.

The Platinum Version of the soundtrack is featured in Super Mario 3D All-Stars alongside the Super Mario Sunshine Original Soundtrack and Super Mario 64 Original Soundtrack. It was released digitally onto Nintendo Music on October 30, 2024, with additional tracks being added in September 2025.

Koji Kondo
Koji Kondo (Japanese: 近藤 浩治, Hepburn: Kondō Kōji; born August 13, 1961) is a Japanese composer and senior executive at the video game company Nintendo. He is best known for his contributions for the Super Mario and The Legend of Zelda series, with his Super Mario Bros. theme being the first piece of music from a video game included in the American National Recording Registry. Kondo was hired by Nintendo in 1984 as its first dedicated composer and is currently a Senior Officer at its Entertainment Planning & Development division.
Vision-language model
A vision–language model (VLM) is a type of artificial intelligence system that can jointly interpret and generate information from both images and text, extending the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), which are limited to text.  It is an example of multimodal learning.

Many widely used commercial applications now rely on this ability.  OpenAI introduced vision capabilities to its GPT-4V variant of the GPT-4 model, enabling users to incorporate uploaded photographs or diagrams into their discussions with ChatGPT.  It has since become an integral part of ChatGPT's standard offering.  Similar capabilities were added to Google’s Gemini, Anthropic’s Claude 3 Opus, and Microsoft’s Copilot with Vision.    Alongside these models, several open-source vision–language models — such as LLaVA, InstructBLIP, and MiniGPT-4 — have been released by the research community, offering smaller-scale alternatives for experimentation and academic study.

GPT-4
Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) is a large language model developed by OpenAI and the fourth in its series of GPT foundation models.

GPT-4 is more capable than its predecessor GPT-3.5 and followed by its successor GPT-5. GPT-4V is a version of GPT-4 that can process images in addition to text. OpenAI has not revealed technical details and statistics about GPT-4, such as the precise size of the model.

An early version of GPT-4 was integrated by Microsoft into Bing Chat, launched in February 2023. GPT-4 was released in ChatGPT in March 2023, and removed in 2025. GPT-4 is still available in OpenAI's API.
DYNJ
DYNJ (98.3 FM) is a relay station of RJFM Manila, owned and operated by Rajah Broadcasting Network through its licensee Free Air Broadcasting Network, Inc. The station's transmitter is located along JM Basa St. corner Mapa St., Iloilo City.

DZRJ-FM
DZRJ (100.3 FM), broadcasting as 100.3 RJFM, is a radio station owned and operated by Rajah Broadcasting Network through its licensee Free Air Broadcasting Network, Inc. The station's studio is located at 7849 General Luna Street corner Makati Avenue, Barangay Poblacion, Makati, while its transmitter is located along Merano Street, Barangay San Roque, Antipolo (sharing facilities with sister station RJ DigiTV).
Ralph Prendergast
Ralph Prendergast (1936 – 28 June 2024) was an Irish hurler, Gaelic footballer and footballer. At club level he played with Claughaun and at inter-county level with Limerick and New York. Prendergast also played with Cork Hibernians in the League of Ireland.

Limerick county hurling team
The Limerick county hurling team represents Limerick in hurling and is governed by Limerick GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Limerick's home ground is Páirc na nGael, Limerick. The team's manager is John Kiely.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2024, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2023 and the National League in 2023.
Atlantis Plastics
Atlantis Plastics, Inc. was an American company which manufactured specialty polyethylene films and molded and extruded plastic components used in a variety of industrial and consumer applications.  It had 1,381 employees as of December 31, 2006.

Plastic wrap
Plastic wrap, cling film, Saran wrap, cling wrap, Glad wrap or food wrap is a thin plastic film typically used for sealing food items in containers to keep them fresh over a longer period of time. Plastic wrap, typically sold on rolls in boxes with a cutting edge, clings to many smooth surfaces and can thus remain tight over the opening of a container without adhesive. Common plastic wrap is roughly 12.7 μm (0.0005 in) thick. The trend has been to produce thinner plastic wrap, particularly for household use (where very little stretch is needed), so now the majority of brands on shelves around the world are 8, 9 or 10 μm thick.
Thunder Bay Hornets
The Thunder Bay Hornets were a Junior "A" ice hockey team from Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.  At their height, they won two consecutive bronze medals at the Western Canadian Junior B Championships - the Keystone Cup and later were in competition for the National Junior A Championship, the Centennial Cup, as members of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League.

Centennial Cup
The Centennial Cup is an annual ice hockey tournament organized by Hockey Canada and the Canadian Junior Hockey League (CJHL), which determines the national champion of junior A ice hockey. It consists of a ten-team round robin featuring the winners of all nine CJHL member leagues as well as a pre-selected host city.

The championship has also been known as the National Junior A Championship in 2019, it was formerly known as the Royal Bank Cup from 1996 to 2018 and the Manitoba Centennial Cup from 1971 to 1995. It is currently branded as the Centennial Cup after Tim Hortons, the title sponsor of the 2022 tournament, withdrew future sponsorship in response to the Hockey Canada sexual assault scandal.
Hancock, New Hampshire
Hancock is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,731 at the 2020 census. Hancock is home to the Welch Family Farm Forest.

The main village of the town, where 213 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined as the Hancock census-designated place (CDP), and is located at the junction of New Hampshire routes 123 and 137.

New Hampshire Route 123
New Hampshire Route 123 (abbreviated NH 123) is a 63.055-mile-long (101.477 km) secondary north–south state highway in southwestern New Hampshire. The southern terminus of the route is at the Massachusetts state line in Mason where, as Mason Road, the road continues as an unnumbered local road in the town of Townsend. The northern terminus, as signed, is at the Connecticut River, where the highway continues west for 0.313 miles (0.504 km) to U.S. Route 5 in Westminster, Vermont, as Vermont Route 123 (VT 123). Route logs, however, place the terminus at New Hampshire Route 12 in Walpole.

In Walpole, NH 123 runs in a wrong-way concurrency with NH 12 north–south alongside the Connecticut River, the water body that represents the border between New Hampshire and Vermont. For the entire length of the NH 12/NH 123 concurrency, NH 123 South is, in reality, heading north on the compass while NH 123 North is traveling to the south.
Dias Jirenbayev
Dias Yerzhanovich Jirenbayev (Kazakh: Диас Ержанович Джиренбаев; born 3 October 2003) is a Kazakh figure skater. He is the 2022 CS Denis Ten Memorial Challenge silver medalist, 2024 Coupe du Printemps champion, 2022 Denkova-Staviski Cup bronze medalist, 2022 Sofia Trophy bronze medalist, and the 2025 Kazakhstan senior champion.

Denkova-Staviski Cup
The Denkova-Staviski Cup is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Bulgarian Skating Federation (Bulgarian: Българска федерация по фигурно пързаляне) and the Denkova-Staviski Skating Club (Bulgarian: Кънки клуб Денкова - Стависки) at the Winter Sports Palace in Sofia, Bulgaria. The competition debuted in 2012 and is named in honor of Albena Denkova and Maxim Staviski, who competed internationally in ice dance for Bulgaria.

Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance at the senior and junior levels, although not every discipline is held every year. Misha Ge of Uzbekistan holds the record for winning the most Denkova-Staviski Cup titles in men's singles (with three), while Alexandra Feigin of Bulgaria holds the record in women's singles (with four).
From Beer to Paternity
"From Beer to Paternity" is the seventh episode of the thirty-fourth season of The Simpsons, and the 735th episode overall. It aired in the United States on Fox on November 13, 2022. The episode was directed by Rob Oliver and written by Christine Nangle. In this episode, Duffman must prove he is not sexist after Duff threatens to replace him as the mascot of the company. In the process, Duffman reunited with his daughter after a long absence.

The episode features guest stars Paul Brittain and Aubrey Plaza as Amber Duffman. The episode was dedicated in memory of Julie Kavner's partner David Davis.

Duff Beer
Duff Beer is a brand of beer that originated as a fictional beverage on the American animated series The Simpsons. Beers using the Duff branding have been brewed in a number of countries, resulting in legal battles with varying results. An official version is sold in three variations near the Simpsons Ride at Universal Studios. In 2015, 20th Century Fox, the producer of The Simpsons, began selling licensed Duff beer in Chile, with a view to driving out brandjacking.

In 2016, Time included Duff Beer in a list of the most influential fictional companies of all time.
Misdongarde Betolngar
Misdongarde Betolngar (born 26 November 1985) is a Chadian retired footballer. His last club was Renaissance. He played for Chad national team. His given name is sometimes spelled Misdongard and his surname Betoligar or Betonligar. In 2011, Betolngar was the highest paid athlete from Chad, making an annual salary of $21,500 (USD) with FK Metalac Gornji Milanovac.

Chad national football team
The Chad national football team (Arabic: منتخب تشاد لكرة القدم, French: Équipe du Tchad de football), nicknamed Les Sao (Arabic: ساو),  represents Chad in international football and is controlled by the Chadian Football Federation, the governing body for football in the country. The team has never qualified for the World Cup finals or Africa Cup of Nations. Home matches are played at the Maréchal Idriss Déby Itno Olympic Stadium. In April 2021, FIFA banned the Chad national football team from participating in global football over the Chadian government's interference with the Chadian Football Federation.
Chennai–Madurai AC Duronto Express
Chennai Madurai Duronto Express was a Duronto Express belonging to Indian Railways which was operated fully Air-Conditioned Superfast Bi-weekly train connecting Chennai and Madurai via Salem in Southern Railway zone. This train was cancelled with effect from 10 June 2020.

This Duronto Express now converted to a Chennai Central–Madurai AC Superfast Express. It runs three days a week along with the Chennai Central–Madurai AC Superfast Express (20601 / 20602) which runs once a week.

Duronto Express
Duronto Express, translating to "restless" in Bengali, is a class of long-distance rapid trains operated by Indian Railways. Initially conceived to operate non-stop between origin and destination stations, since January 2016, these trains have been permitted to make additional commercial stops and accept ticket bookings from technical halts. Before the introduction of trains like the Gatimaan Express and Vande Bharat Express, Duronto trains held the distinction of being the fastest trains in India. Unlike its counterpart, the Rajdhani Express, which links India's capital, Delhi, to state capitals, the Duronto Express connects major metropolitan areas, state capitals, and the national capital, Just like Shatabdi Trains.
Cyrano (Damrosch)
Cyrano is an opera in four acts composed by Walter Damrosch to an English language libretto by William James Henderson based on Edmond Rostand's 1897 play, Cyrano de Bergerac. It premiered at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City on February 27, 1913, with Pasquale Amato in the title role and Frances Alda as Roxane.

Edmond Rostand
Edmond Eugène Alexis Rostand (UK: /ˈrɒstɒ̃/, US: /rɔːˈstɒ̃, ˈrɒstænd/, French: [ɛdmɔ̃ ʁɔstɑ̃]; 1 April 1868 – 2 December 1918) was a French poet and dramatist. He is associated with neo-romanticism and is known best for his 1897 play Cyrano de Bergerac. Rostand's romantic plays contrasted with the naturalistic theatre popular during the late nineteenth century. Another of Rostand's works, Les Romanesques (1894), was adapted to the 1960 musical comedy The Fantasticks.