hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Waddams Grove
The Battle of Waddams Grove, also known as the Battle of Yellow Creek was part of the Black Hawk War. It took place in present-day Stephenson County, Illinois on June 18, 1832. After several incidents of Sauk Indian raids on settlers along the Apple River, Captain James W. Stephenson left Galena with a group of volunteer militia in pursuit of the Native party. The group clashed on June 18, 1832 near Yellow Creek and the ensuing battle descended into a bayonet and knife fight in which several Sauk and three militia men were killed. Stephenson was severely wounded by a musketball to the chest during the fighting. The dead were eventually interred in a memorial cemetery in Kellogg's Grove, Illinois where a stone monument was erected in memory of those killed during the war.

Kellogg's Grove
Kellogg's Grove is an area in western Stephenson County, Illinois, United States near the present-day unincorporated town of Kent. The grove is considered historically significant because it was the site of two minor skirmishes during the Black Hawk War in 1832. Today, most of the grove is privately owned but 1.5 acres (6,100 m2) are allocated as a park owned by Stephenson County. While most of the battle occurred on what is today private property the park contains a monument dedicated to the battle and cemetery with the graves of several militia members killed during the skirmish at Kellogg's Grove. The cemetery also holds the graves of those killed in other area battles. The Kellogg's Grove battle site was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
Princeton, British Columbia
Princeton is a town municipality in the Similkameen region of southern British Columbia, Canada. The former mining and railway hub lies at the confluence of the Tulameen into the Similkameen River, just east of the Cascade Mountains. At the junction of BC Highway 3 and 5A, the locality is by road about 67 kilometres (42 mi) northwest of Keremeos, 133 kilometres (83 mi) east of Hope, and 90 kilometres (56 mi) south of Merritt.

British Columbia Highway 3
British Columbia Highway 3, officially named the Crowsnest Highway, is an 841-kilometre (523 mi) highway that traverses southern British Columbia, Canada.  It runs from the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 1) at Hope to Crowsnest Pass at the Alberta border and forms the western portion of the interprovincial Crowsnest Highway that runs from Hope to Medicine Hat, Alberta. The highway is considered a Core Route of the National Highway System.
Zhao Xijin
Zhao Xijin (赵喜进; born c. 1935 died July 21, 2012) was a Chinese paleontologist notable for having named numerous dinosaurs. He was a professor at Beijing's Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology.

Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology
The Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP; Chinese: 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所) of China is a research institution and collections repository for fossils, including many dinosaur and pterosaur specimens (many from the Yixian Formation).  As its name suggests, research is focused on both paleontological topics and those relating to human prehistory.

The institution, located in Beijing, grew out of the Cenozoic Research Laboratory in 1929 and is its own institution under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.  Its staff have increasingly worked internationally, participating in the China-Canada Dinosaur Project from 1986 to 1991 and authoring or coauthoring forty-five Nature and Science articles from 1999 to  2005. Notable paleontologists who have been affiliated with the IVPP include Yang Zhongjian (also known as C. C. Young), Dong Zhiming, Meemann Chang and Zhao Xijin.
HMS Tradewind
HMS Tradewind was a British submarine of the third group of the T class. She was built as P329 at Chatham, and launched on 11 December 1942.  As of 2021 she is the only ship of the Royal Navy to have been named Tradewind, after the trade winds.

British T-class submarine
The Royal Navy's T class (or Triton class) of diesel-electric submarines was designed in the 1930s to replace the O, P, and R classes. Fifty-three members of the class were built just before and during the Second World War, where they played a major role in the Royal Navy's submarine operations. Four boats in service with the Royal Netherlands Navy were known as the Zwaardvisch class.

At the start of the Second World War the T class was, with the British S and U class, Dutch O 21 class and German Type VII, one of the most advanced submarine classes in service.

In the decade following the war, the oldest surviving boats were scrapped and the remainder converted to anti-submarine vessels to counter the growing Soviet submarine threat. The Royal Navy disposed of its last operational boat in 1969, although it retained one permanently moored as a static training submarine until 1974. The last surviving boat, serving in the Israel Sea Corps, was scrapped in 1977.
Aavesham (1979 film)
Aavesham is a 1979 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by Vijayanand. The film stars Jayan, Sheela, M. N. Nambiar, Ceylon Manohar and Jayamalini in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Guma Singh and songs by A. T. Ummer. The movie was rich with action scenes and Jayan played double role. This film was one of Jayan's popular and hit films.

Sheela
Sheela Celine (born 24 March 1945), known mononymously as Sheela, is an Indian actress and director who appears predominantly in Malayalam cinema. Paired with Prem Nazir, they hold the Guinness World Record for acting in the largest number of films (around 105) together as heroine and hero. She had also appeared in another 20 films with Prem Nazir, even as his mother in a film. Sheela is a four-time winner of Kerala State Film Award. She came back to acting in 2003 through Manassinakkare after 22 years. In 2005, she won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in the Malayalam film Akale. In 2019, Sheela was honoured with the J C Daniel Award, the Kerala government's highest honour for outstanding contribution to Malayalam cinema. She was also one of the highest paid actresses, reportedly paid more than her male counterparts, of her time.
Battle of Slivice
The Battle of Slivice (Czech: Bitva u Slivice) was the last large World War II battle in the area of the Czech lands. During 11–12 May 1945, German troops, trying to surrender to nearby American troops rather than the USSR, defended themselves against local partisans and the Red Army. The Germans eventually capitulated during early hours of May 12. About 6,000 men were captured by the Soviet troops.

End of World War II in Europe
The end of World War II in Europe occurred in May 1945. Following the suicide of Adolf Hitler on 30 April, leadership of Nazi Germany passed to Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz and the Flensburg Government. Soviet troops captured Berlin on 2 May, and a number of German military forces surrendered over the next few days. On 8 May, Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel signed the German Instrument of Surrender, an unconditional surrender to the Allies, in Karlshorst, Berlin. This is celebrated as Victory in Europe Day, while in Russia, 9 May is celebrated as Victory Day.

Some fighting continued after the German surrender. Some battles continued on the Eastern Front such as the Courland Pocket in western Latvia surrendering on 10 May, and the Prague offensive in Czechoslovakia ending on 11 May. On 25 May 1945, the Battle of Odžak ended in a Yugoslav Partisan victory. Following the conclusion in the European theatre, the war continued in the Pacific theatre.
2017–18 South African Premiership
The 2017–18 South African Premiership season (known as the ABSA Premiership for sponsorship reasons) was the 22nd season of the Premiership since its conception in 1996.

Bidvest Wits were the defending champions, having won the previous 2016–17 South African Premier Division season. The season featured 15 teams from the 2016–17 season and one new team from the 2016–17 National First Division: AmaZulu replaced relegated Highlands Park. AmaZulu, although finishing only fifth in the National First Division (NFD) purchased winner's Thanda Royal Zulu's league status upon completion of the NFD season.

AmaZulu F.C.
AmaZulu Football Club is a South African professional soccer club based in the city of Durban in the KwaZulu Natal province, that plays in the Premiership, the first tier of the South African football league system. The club's nickname, Usuthu, is the royal house of King Cetshwayo ka Mpande.
Saint Mary's College of Catbalogan
Saint Mary’s College of Catbalogan, formerly named Sacred Heart College, is a private Catholic basic and higher education institution run by the RVM (Religious of the Virgin Mary) sisters in Catbalogan, Samar. The school started as a parochial school in 1929. The students are called Marian students for the reason that they possess the Marian-Ignacian identity values of the Most Venerable Mother Ignacia Del Espiritu Santo.

St. Mary's College of Catbalogan is a member of the Catholic Educational Association of the Philippines (CEAP).

Catbalogan
Catbalogan, officially the City of Catbalogan (Waray: Siyudad han Catbalogan; Filipino: Lungsod ng Catbalogan), is a  component city and capital city of the province of Samar, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 107,896 people.

It is Samar's main commercial, trading, educational, financial and political center. The city is the gateway to the region's three Samar provinces.

Catbalogan's patron saint is St. Bartholomew the Apostle whose feast day is August 24.

The Philippine Army's 8th Infantry Division (Stormtroopers) is based at Camp General Vicente Lukban, Barangay Maulong, Catbalogan City. The camp is named in honor of Gen. Vicente Lukbán, a Filipino officer in Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo's staff during the Philippine Revolution and the politico-military chief of Samar and Leyte during the Philippine–American War.
Frankie Osborne
Francine "Frankie" Osborne (also Dean) is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks, played by Helen Pearson, making her first on-screen appearance on 20 August 2002. Frankie was once the longest-serving female character in the show. On 9 October 2017, Pearson announced that she would depart the show, and Frankie was killed off on 1 November 2017, after suffering a stroke, making her the second member of the Dean family to be killed off after her daughter Steph Cunningham (portrayed by Carley Stenson) in 2010. She made her final appearance on 27 November 2017, as a ghost to Jack Osborne (portrayed by Jimmy McKenna).

Helen Pearson
Helen Pearson (born 16 November 1959) is a British actress who has been in three major soap operas, EastEnders (during 1990, as April McIntosh), Emmerdale (from 2000 to 2001, as Carol Wareing), and Hollyoaks (from 2002 until 2017, as Frankie Osborne).
Melbourn
Melbourn (/ˈmɛlbɔːrn/) is a large, clustered village in the far south-west of Cambridgeshire, England. Its traditional high street is bypassed by the A10, intersecting the settlement's other main axis exactly 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of the traditional focal point of Royston, Hertfordshire, the nearest larger settlement. It has over 4,600 inhabitants and is in the South Cambridgeshire district.

The Prime Meridian passes through the south west corner of the parish of Melbourn.

A10 road (England)
The A10 is a major road in England which runs between The City of London and King's Lynn in Norfolk.

At its southern terminus, the route meets the A3 directly north of London Bridge, above Monument London Underground station. At its northern end, the A10 meets the A47 and A149 roads south-west of King's Lynn town centre. The route passes through or around primary destinations in Greater London, Hertfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Norfolk, including Dalston, Enfield, Hertford, Cambridge, Ely and Downham Market.

The route between Bishopsgate in the City of London and Royston, Hertfordshire, roughly follows the path of Ermine Street, a Roman road.
Plaza Baquedano
Plaza Baquedano, commonly known as Plaza Italia, is a major landmark in Santiago, Chile.

The plaza was inaugurated in 1928, being crowned by a monument made by Chilean sculptor Virgínio Arias and featuring General Manuel Baquedano, giving the current name to the urban landmark. It is located where formerly the Mapocho River used to fork. The oval-shaped plaza is the focal point of celebrations and riots in the city. The area also serves as a hub for Santiago's street network. Some of the main streets of Santiago intersect in the area, including Providencia Avenue, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Avenue (best known as Alameda) and Vicuña Mackenna Avenue. A tunnel entrance to the Costanera Norte Highway is close to Plaza Baquedano. Parque Forestal, Balmaceda Park and Bustamante Park converge here.

Vicuña Mackenna Avenue
Avenida Vicuña Mackenna (Vicuña Mackenna Avenue) is one of the main transport arteries of Santiago, Chile, joining Santiago center with more remote urban centers such as the communes of La Florida and Puente Alto.

Vicuña Mackenna Avenue begins at the intersection between the Alameda, in Plaza Italia, extending south towards the commune of Puente Alto, where its name changes to Avenida Concha y Toro. It crosses the communes of  Santiago, Providencia, Ñuñoa, San Joaquín, Macul and La Florida and intersects with the urban highway Autopista Vespucio Sur.

Vicuña Mackenna Avenue is currently covered by Line 5 of the Santiago Metro up to Vicente Valdés metro station, then by Line 4 up to Plaza de Puente Alto.

This road emerged from a project by Santiago mayor Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna to build a perimeter road around Santiago called Camino de Cintura (literally “waistline road”). Vicuña Mackenna's former residence is now the site of a museum dedicated to his memory.
Westwood, Cambria County, Pennsylvania
Westwood is a census-designated place (CDP) in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

The CDP is in southwestern Cambria County, in the eastern part of Lower Yoder Township. It is bordered to the north by the city of Johnstown, to the east by the borough of Brownstown, and to the south by the borough of Westmont. It sits on a hilltop at elevations ranging from 1,700 to 1,800 feet (520 to 550 m), about 500 to 600 feet (150 to 180 m) above the valley of the Conemaugh River, where Johnstown sits.

Cambria County, Pennsylvania
Cambria County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 133,472. Its county seat is Ebensburg. The county was created on March 26, 1804, from parts of Bedford, Huntingdon, and Somerset counties and later organized in 1807. It was named for the nation of Wales, which in Latin is known as "Cambria". The county is part of the Southwest region of the commonwealth.

Cambria County comprises the Johnstown, PA metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Johnstown-Somerset, PA combined statistical area.
Treasure of Matecumbe
Treasure of Matecumbe is a 1976 American adventure Western film directed by Vincent McEveety and produced by Walt Disney Productions. It was based on the novel A Journey to Matecumbe by Robert Lewis Taylor. The filming locations were in Danville, Kentucky, Sacramento River at Colusa, California and Walt Disney Productions' Golden Oak Ranch in California. The final scene at a beached shipwreck was filmed at Walt Disney World's Discovery Island.

Robert Lewis Taylor
Robert Lewis Taylor (September 24, 1912 – September 30, 1998) was an American writer who won the 1959 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for The Travels of Jaimie McPheeters. His writing has been adapted into a television series, film, and musical.
A Beautiful Reel. B'z Live-Gym 2002 Green: Go Fight Win
a Beautiful Reel. B'z Live-Gym 2002 Green ~Go★Fight★Win~ is the fifth live VHS/DVD released by Japanese rock duo B'z. It features live footage of the Green Live Gym Tour, one of their famous Live Gym Tours.

B'z
B'z (Japanese: ビーズ, Hepburn: Bīzu) is a Japanese rock duo consisting of guitarist, composer and producer Takahiro "Tak" Matsumoto and vocalist and lyricist Koshi Inaba, known for their energetic hard rock tracks and pop rock ballads. B'z is one of the best-selling music artists in the world and the best-selling in their native Japan by certifications, having released 50 consecutive No. 1 singles, 27 No. 1 albums, and 4 No. 1 EPs on the Oricon music charts, and have sold more than 100 million records worldwide.

In 2003, HMV Japan ranked them at number 30 on their list of the 100 most important Japanese pop acts. In 2007, B'z became the first music act from Asia to have their handprints and signatures put up on Hollywood's RockWalk. In 2008, they were awarded a Guinness World Record for "Best-selling album act in Japan", which also notes them to be the best-selling act in Japan overall.
Charter Act 1813
The East India Company Act 1813 (53 Geo. 3. c. 155), also known as the Charter Act 1813, was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that renewed the charter issued to the British East India Company, and continued the Company's rule in India. However, the Company's commercial monopoly was ended, except for the tea and opium trade and the trade with China, this reflecting the growth of British power in India. Napoleon’s Berlin Decree of 1806 and the Milan Decree of 1807 established the Continental System across Europe as it barred the import of British goods into Europe. Due to these restrictions, the British traders pressed for the dissolution of the East India Company’s trade monopoly and sought greater access to Asian markets, which was the circumstance leading to the passing of this Act. India was made into a source of raw materials as well as a market for Britain’s finished products, through the economic and cultural changes brought about by this Act.

Company rule in India
Company rule in India (sometimes also Company Raj, from Hindi rāj, lit. 'rule') was the rule of the British East India Company on the Indian subcontinent. This is variously taken to have commenced in 1757, after the Battle of Plassey, when the Nawab of Bengal Siraj ud-Daulah was defeated and replaced with Mir Jafar, who had the support of the East India Company; or in 1765, when the Company was granted the diwani, or the right to collect revenue, in Bengal and Bihar; or in 1773, when the Company abolished local rule (Nizamat) in Bengal and established a capital in Calcutta, appointed its first Governor-General of Fort William, Warren Hastings, and became directly involved in governance.

The Company's rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the Government of India Act 1858, the India Office of the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj.
Talpur dynasty
The Talpur dynasty (Balochi: تالپور ءِ راج دفتر ءِ سرا) was a Shia Baloch dynasty established by Mir Fateh Ali Khan in 1783, after he overthrew the Kalhora dynasty. When Mian Sarfaraz Kalhora ordered the execution of the Talpur leader Mir Bahram Khan and his son Mir Sobdar Khan, it led the Talpurs to take control of Sindh and defeat the Kalhoras at the Battle of Halani. Under Talpur rule, Sindh was divided into several semi-autonomous states including Hyderabad, Khairpur, Mirpur Khas, and Tando Muhammad Khan, and the dynasty governed through a system of divided authority among different branches of the family. The Talpur period marked an important phase in Sindh’s architectural history, during which Kot Diji Fort and Faiz Mahal were constructed, and the historical Ranikot Fort also known as the Great Wall of Sindh was reconstructed.

For most of their rule, they were subordinate to the Khanate of Kalat

Khanate of Kalat
The Khanate of Kalat, also known as the Brahui Confederacy, was a Brahui Khanate that originated in the modern-day Kalat region of Pakistan. Formed in 1666 due to the threat of Mughal expansion in the region, it controlled the wider Balochistan at its greatest extent in the mid-18th century, extending from Kerman in the west to Sindh in the east and from Helmand River in the north to the Arabian Sea in the south.

The Khanate of Kalat was sacked by the British in 1839. In 1875, Kalat became a self-governing state under a subsidiary alliance with British India following the signing of the Treaty of Kalat by the Khan of Kalat and the Brahui Sardars. Supervision of Kalat was assigned to the Baluchistan Agency. Kalat remained independent from 12 August 1947 until 27 March 1948, when its ruler, Ahmad Yar Khan, acceded to Pakistan
Měsačne pismo k rozwučenju a wokřewjenju
Měsačne pismo k rozwučenju a wokřewjenju ("Monthly letter for education and entertainment") was the first printed magazine in the Sorbian language and was published in 1790. Because it was published without a governmental license, it had to cease publication after just one issue. Its two publishers, Jan Awgust Janka (1764–1833) and Korla Bohuchwał Šěrach (1764–1836; a member of the Schirach family), were inspired by the French Revolution, and wanted to educate their people, the Sorbs, in moral, religious, and scientific matters. The authorities banned the magazine to prevent "the Sorbian people from resisting their own government based on the model of the French."

Schirach family
The Schirach family or Šěrach is a German noble family of Sorbian (i.e. West Slavic) origin. Many family members were noted as theologians, lawyers, historians, writers and artists from the 17th century, and several family members have also been noted for their efforts to preserve the Sorbian language. The family was raised to the hereditary Austrian nobility in 1776. Family members are resident in Germany and, since the 19th century, the United States.
Horki district
Horki district (Belarusian: Горацкі раён; Russian: Горецкий район, romanized: Goretsky rayon) is a district (raion) of Mogilev region in Belarus. The administrative center is the town of Horki. As of 2009, its population was 47,800. The population of Horki accounts for 68.6% of the district's population.

Mogilev region
Mogilev region, also known as Mogilev oblast or Mahilyow voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is the city of Mogilev.

Important cities within the region include Mogilev, Asipovichy and Babruysk.
The Bjorck Family
The Bjorck Family (Swedish: Familjen Björck) is a 1940 Swedish comedy film directed by Anders Henrikson and starring Olof Winnerstrand, Frida Winnerstrand and Birgitta Arman. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director Arthur Spjuth. It was based on a radio show of the same name that ran from 1936 to 1943.

Anders Henrikson
Anders Henrik Henrikson (13 June 1896 – 17 October 1965) was a Swedish actor and film director. He appeared in more than 50 films between 1913 and 1965. He also directed 30 films between 1933 and 1956.
Kasongo Lunda Territory
Kasongo Lunda is a territory in the Democratic Republic of Congo, located in Kwango Province. The capital lies at Kasongo Lunda. It is the second biggest territory in Congo, located near to the border with Angola.

Kwango
Kwango is a province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is one of the 21 provinces created in the 2015 repartitioning.  Kwango, Kwilu, and Mai-Ndombe provinces are the result of the dismemberment of the former Bandundu province.  Kwango was formed from the Kwango district whose town of Kenge was made the provincial capital and thus gained city status.

The province takes its name from the Kwango River, a tributary of the Kasai River that defines part of the international boundary between the DRC and Angola.