hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ambundu
The Ambundu (also Mbundu or Kimbundu)  (Mbundu: Ambundu or Akwambundu, singular: Mumbundu (distinct from the Ovimbundu) are a Bantu people who live on a high plateau in present-day Angola just north of the Kwanza River. The Ambundu speak Kimbundu, and most also speak the official language of the country, Portuguese. They are the second biggest ethnic group in the country and make up 25% of the total population of Angola.

The Ambundu nowadays live in the region stretching to the East from Angola's capital city of Luanda (see map). They are predominant in the Bengo and Malanje provinces and in neighbouring parts of the Cuanza Norte and Cuanza Sul provinces. The head of the main Ambundu kingdom was called a Ngola, which is the origin of the name of the country Angola.

Ovimbundu
The Ovimbundu, also known as the Southern Mbundu, are a Bantu ethnic group who live on the Bié Plateau of central Angola and in the coastal strip west of these highlands.  As the largest ethnic group in Angola, they make up 38 percent of the country's population. Overwhelmingly the Ovimbundu follow Christianity, mainly the Igreja Evangélica Congregacional de Angola (IECA), founded by American missionaries, and the Catholic Church. However, some still retain beliefs and practices from African traditional religions.
Unplugged (Modern Family)
"Unplugged" is the fifth episode of the second season of the ABC sitcom, Modern Family, and the 29th episode of the series overall. The episode originally aired October 20, 2010. It was written by series co-creator Steven Levitan and directed by Michael Spiller.

The episode follows Phil, Claire and the kids trying to improve their communication skills by giving up their electronic devices. Gloria is getting obsessed over a neighbor's barking dog while Mitchell and Cameron try to find a preschool for Lily.

"Unplugged" received a mix of critical acclaim and negative reviews. The episode also received controversy in Peru because of a line of dialogue of Vergara's character in which she relates Peruvians with violence. According to the Nielsen Media Research the episode received a 4.7 rating/13% share in the 18-49 demographic going down a tick from the previous episode, "Strangers on a Treadmill"

Strangers on a Treadmill
"Strangers on a Treadmill" is the fourth episode of the second season of the American sitcom, Modern Family and the 28th episode of the series overall. The episode originally aired on October 13, 2010 on American Broadcasting Company (ABC). The episode was written by Danny Zuker and directed by Scott Ellis.

In the episode, Claire and Mitchell try to spare their significant others from embarrassment, Haley tries to teach Alex how to be cool while Jay tries to prove to Gloria that he knows his employees' names.

"Strangers on a Treadmill" received mostly positive reviews with Joel Keller saying the secondary plots "didn't quite make it", but had "fun moments". According to the Nielsen Media Research it received a 4.8 rating/13% share in the 18–49 demographic increasing 4% from the previous episode. The episode also became the first of the series to become the highest-rated scripted program of the week in the 18–49 demographic.
Belaka Municipality
Belaka (Nepali: बेलका) is a municipality located in Udayapur District of Province No. 1 of Nepal. It is one of four urban municipalities located in Udayapur District.

The total area of the municipality is 344.73 square kilometres (133.10 sq mi), and its population is 51458 as of the 2021 Nepal census.

The municipality was formed on 10 March 2017, when the Government of Nepal announced 744 local level units as per the new constitution of Nepal 2015. The municipality was formed merging following former VDCs: Tapeshwari, Rampur Thoksila, Mainamaini and Katunjebawala.

The municipality is divided into nine wards and the headquarter of the municipality is located at Rampur Bazar in ward no.9.

Rampur Thoksila
Thokshila (Belaka) is a municipality in Udayapur District in koshi province of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2021 Nepal census it had a population of 56,458 people living in 12534 individual households.
Thiratoscirtus tenuis
Thiratoscirtus tenuis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Thiratoscirtus that lives in Angola, Burundi, Mozambique and Uganda. It was first described in 2023 by Wanda Wesołowska and Konrad Wiśniewski. A medium-sized spider, it has a cephalothorax that is ranges from 3.3 and 3.6 mm long and an abdomen that is between 3 and 3.6 mm long. The cephalothorax is generally dark yellow to dark brown apart from its black rings around the spider's eyes. The abdomen is yellowish-brown to dark brown on top and generally yellowish underneath. The spider has long legs. The male has an unusually-shaped palpal bulb that has a bulge on top and a distinctive narrow cymbium. It is the shape of the cymbium that is recalled in the species name, which is the Latin word for narrow. The female has not been described.

Thiratoscirtus
Thiratoscirtus is a genus of jumping spiders that was first circumscribed by Eugène Louis Simon in 1886. Thiratoscirtus is very diverse and contains many monophyletic groups. Phylogenetic analysis undertaken by Melissa Bonder and Wayne Maddison has shown that it is related to the genera Alfenus, Bacelarella, Longarenus and Malloneta. The genus is also closely related to Nimbarus. It is likely to have diverged between 16.3 and 18.7 million years ago. In 2012, Bodner and Wayne Maddison proposed a subfamily Thiratoscirtinae for the genus and its related genera. This overlapped with a group of genera named Thiratoscirtines after the genus, created by Jerzy Prószyński in 2017. Thiratoscirtus is a member of the subtribe Thiratoscirtina in the tribe Aelurillini. In 2015, Maddison listed the tribe to the subclade Simonida in the clade Saltafresia in the clade Salticoida.
Reconstructive memory
Reconstructive memory is a theory of memory recall, in which the act of remembering is influenced by various other cognitive processes including perception, imagination, motivation, semantic memory and beliefs, amongst others.  People view their memories as being a coherent and truthful account of episodic memory and believe that their perspective is free from an error during recall. However, the reconstructive process of memory recall is subject to distortion by other intervening cognitive functions and operations such as individual perceptions, social influences, and world knowledge, all of which can lead to errors during reconstruction.

Recall (memory)
Recall in memory refers to the mental process of retrieving information from the past. Along with encoding and storage, it is one of the three core processes of memory. There are three main types of recall: free recall, cued recall and serial recall. Psychologists test these forms of recall as a way to study the memory processes of humans and animals.
Two main theories of the process of recall are the two-stage theory and the theory of encoding specificity.
Dean Knudson
Dean R. Knudson (born April 29, 1961) is an American veterinarian and Republican politician.  He was one of the architects of the Wisconsin Elections Commission in 2015, and served on the commission as an appointee of Assembly speaker Robin Vos from September 2017 until his sudden resignation in June 2022.  He served as chairman of the commission from June 2018 through June 2020, and was expected to serve as chair again from June 2022 to June 2024, but he resigned suddenly after losing the support of Republican leaders in the state.

Previously, Knudson was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing parts of St. Croix and Pierce counties from 2011 to 2017.  He also served as the 52nd Mayor of Hudson, Wisconsin, from April 2008 until November 2010, when he resigned after his election to the Assembly.

Robin Vos
Robin Joseph Vos (born July 5, 1968) is an American businessman and Republican politician from Racine County, Wisconsin. He is the 79th speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly and the longest-serving speaker in Wisconsin history, having served since 2013. Vos has been a member of the Assembly since 2005. He was also president of the National Conference of State Legislatures.

Vos came to prominence for his role in shepherding legislation to weaken bargaining rights and labor unions under Governor Scott Walker. Under Governor Tony Evers, Vos has sought to curb the governor's powers and expand legislative authority.
Elizabeth Macarthur High School
Elizabeth Macarthur High School (abbreviated as EMHS) is a government-funded co-educational dual modality partially academically selective and comprehensive secondary day school, located in Narellan Vale, an outer south-western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Named in honour of Elizabeth Macarthur, wife of John Macarthur, both Australian agricultural pioneers, the school was established in 1988 and caters for approximately 1,300 students from Year 7 to Year 12, including approximately 70 indigenous students.

The school provides agriculture as a school subject. The school has an established performance in livestock shows, such as the Camden Show and the Royal Easter Show.

On 21 June 2019, the school was evacuated due to an unspecified police operation. It was discovered that the reason for the evacuation was a bomb threat. An additional bomb threat was called in on 28 October 2020 in an attempt to delay the scheduled Higher School Certificate examinations.

Selective school (New South Wales)
Selective schools in New South Wales, Australia are government high schools operated by the New South Wales Department of Education that accept their students based upon their academic merit.

Each year, approximately 15,000 Year 6 students across the state of New South Wales optionally undertake the Selective High School Placement Test to seek one of the 3,600 places offered for first-year entry into selective high schools. For Year 8 to Year 12 entry into selective schools, students do not take an external test, however they can apply directly to a school for entry. The application package is standard to all government selective schools, with internal selection committees considering applications each year during August or September.
Nicholas Calabrese
Nicholas W. Calabrese (November 30, 1942 – March 13, 2023) was an American mobster and hitman, best known for being the first "made man" to testify against the Chicago Outfit. His testimony and cooperation with federal prosecutors helped result in the 2007 murder convictions of mobsters Joseph Lombardo, James Marcello, and his own brother, Frank Calabrese Sr.

Joseph Lombardo
Joseph Patrick Lombardo (born Giuseppe Lombardi; January 1, 1929 – October 19, 2019), also known as "Joey the Clown", was an American mobster and a high-ranking member of the Chicago Outfit crime organization.  He was the Consigliere of the Outfit.
Marcus Wandt
Marcus Wandt (born September 21, 1980) is a Swedish test pilot and member of the 2022 European Space Agency Astronaut Group. In January 2024, he became the third Swedish astronaut to visit space, after Christer Fuglesang and Jessica Meir.  Wandt is a Swedish and Norwegian citizen, thus becoming the first Norwegian citizen in space.

Christer Fuglesang
Arne Christer Fuglesang (born 18 March 1957) is a Swedish physicist and an ESA astronaut. He was first launched aboard the STS-116 Space Shuttle mission on 10 December 2006, making him the first Swedish citizen in space.

Married with three children, he was a Fellow at CERN and taught mathematics at the Royal Institute of Technology before being selected to join the European Astronaut Corps in 1992. He has participated in two Space Shuttle missions and five spacewalks, and is the first person outside of the United States or Russian space programs to participate in more than three spacewalks.
Ansar-VDP Unnayan Bank
Ansar-VDP Unnayan Bank is a specialized government owned bank in Bangladesh. The bank was founded to provide financial services to the paramilitary Bangladesh Ansar and Village Defence Party. Major General AKM Nazmul Hasan is the chairman of this bank. The bank has 259 branches across the country under 18 regions. It is one of four specialized banks owned by the government of Bangladesh; the rest are Bangladesh Krishi Bank, Karmasangsthan Bank, and Rajshahi Krishi Unnayan Bank.

Bangladesh Ansar
The Bangladesh Ansar and Village Defence Party (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ আনসার ও গ্রাম প্রতিরক্ষা দল, romanized: Bānlādeś Ānsār ō Grām Pratirakkhā Dal) is a paramilitary auxiliary force under the Ministry of Home Affairs with administrative and operational supervision by army officials. Established in 1948, Ansar and VDP is the largest paramilitary force in the world and supports the Bangladesh Police and other law enforcement agencies in maintaining internal security, rural protection, and community policing. It also plays a vital role in disaster response and community development programs across Bangladesh.
Pennsylvania Route 143
Pennsylvania Route 143 (PA 143) is a 20-mile-long (32 km) state highway in Pennsylvania. It runs from PA 662 in Richmond Township, Berks County northeast to PA 309 near New Tripoli in Lehigh County, and is signed north-south. The route passes through rural areas, intersecting Interstate 78 (I-78)/U.S. Route 22 (US 22) in Lenhartsville, PA 737 near Kempton, and PA 863 in Lynnport.

What is now PA 143 north of Lenhartsville was originally designated Legislative Route 285 in 1911. PA 143 was designated to in 1928 to run from PA 43 in Lenhartsville to PA 29 near New Tripoli. The route was extended slightly east through New Tripoli by 1940 following a realignment of PA 29. PA 143 was extended south to PA 662 in 1962.

Pennsylvania Route 29
Pennsylvania Route 29 (PA 29) is a 118-mile-long (190 km) north–south state highway that runs through most of eastern Pennsylvania.

The route currently has a southern and northern segment. The southern segment runs from U.S. Route 30 (US 30) near Malvern north to Interstate 78 (I-78)/PA 309 near Allentown. The northern segment runs from I-81 in Ashley north to the New York state line near Brookdale, Pennsylvania, where the road becomes New York State Route 7 (NY 7). The southernmost 5 miles (8.0 km) of PA 29's northern segment is a freeway known as the South Cross Valley Expressway. The route was continuous until May 9, 1966, when PA 29 was split into the two segments that exist today.
John Sell Cotman
John Sell Cotman (16 May 1782 – 24 July 1842) was an English marine and landscape painter, etcher, illustrator, and a leading member of the Norwich School of painters.

Born in Norwich, the son of a silk merchant and lace dealer, Cotman was educated at the Norwich Grammar School. He showed an early talent for art. It was intended that he followed his father into the family business but, intent on a career in art, he moved to London in 1798, where he met artists such as J. M. W. Turner, Peter de Wint and Thomas Girtin, whose sketching club he joined, and whom he travelled with to Wales and Surrey. By 1800 he was exhibiting at the Royal Academy, showing scenes of the Welsh countryside there in 1801 and 1802. His drawing expeditions took him throughout southern Britain, and to Yorkshire, where he stayed with the Cholmeley family during the three summers of 1803–1805.

His sons Miles Edmund and John Joseph Cotman became notable painters in their own right.

Thomas Girtin
Thomas Girtin (18 February 1775 – 9 November 1802) was an English watercolourist and etcher. A friend and rival of J. M. W. Turner, Girtin played a key role in establishing watercolour as a reputable art form.
Hyllus ramadanii
Hyllus ramadanii is a species of jumping spider in the genus Hyllus that is endemic to Tanzania. It lives in rocky environments. The spider was first described in 2000 by Wanda Wesołowska and Anthony Russell-Smith. The spider is medium-sized, with a brown carapace between 3.1 and 3.2 mm (0.12 and 0.13 in) long and an abdomen 3.2 and 5.0 mm (0.13 and 0.20 in) long. The female is larger than the male. It can be differentiated from other species in the genus by its coloration and copulatory organs. The male has a pattern of three white patches on its carapace and a horseshoe shape on its abdomen. The female has three irregular orange streaks on its carapace and a yellow pattern that looks like a tree on its abdomen.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Edgerton Highway
The Edgerton Highway is a minor highway in the U.S. state of Alaska that extends 33 miles (53 km) from the Richardson Highway near Copper Center to the town of Chitina. The McCarthy Road, within the Wrangell-Saint Elias National Park and Preserve, is a 58-mile (93 km) extension from Chitina to McCarthy.

The Edgerton Highway, named for U.S. Army Major General Glen Edgar Edgerton, a member of the Alaska Road Commission, follows an old pack trail along the Copper River, and is paved. The popular dip-net salmon fishery in Chitina causes the highway to be fairly heavily used in summer. It is part of Alaska Route 10.

Richardson Highway
The Richardson Highway is a highway in the U.S. state of Alaska, running 368 miles (562 km) and connecting Valdez to Fairbanks. It is marked as Alaska Route 4 from Valdez to Delta Junction and as Alaska Route 2 from there to Fairbanks. It also connects segments of Alaska Route 1 between the Glenn Highway and the Tok Cut-Off. The Richardson Highway was the first major road built in Alaska.
Top (algebra)
In the context of a module M over a ring R, the top of M is the largest semisimple quotient module of M if it exists.

For finite-dimensional k-algebras (k a field) R, if rad(M) denotes the intersection of all proper maximal submodules of M (the radical of the module), then the top of M is M/rad(M).  In the case of local rings with maximal ideal P, the top of M is M/PM.  In general if R is a semilocal ring (=semi-artinian ring), that is, if R/Rad(R) is an Artinian ring, where Rad(R) is the Jacobson radical of R, then M/rad(M) is a semisimple module and is the top of M.  This includes the cases of local rings and finite dimensional algebras over fields.

Radical of a module
In mathematics, in the theory of modules, the radical of a module is a component in the theory of structure and classification.  It is a generalization of the Jacobson radical for rings.  In many ways, it is the dual notion to that of the socle soc(M) of M.
Abdirizak Ahmed Said
Abdirizak Ahmed Said (Somali: Cabdirisaaq Axmed Siciid, Arabic: عبد الرزاق أحمد سعيد) is a Somali politician serving as the 10th speaker of Puntland House of Representatives since 4 January 2024 and previously served as chairman of the Transitional Puntland Electoral Commission He currently holds the Speaker of the House of Representatives of Puntland.

House of Representatives of Puntland
The House of Representatives of Puntland or the Puntland Parliament (Somali: Gollaha Wakiilada Dawladda Puntland) is the unicameral legislature of Puntland. It has 66 members who are elected for a period of five years through universal suffrage.

The House of Representatives has the powers and duties to review, approve, reject, amend and create regulations, approve/reject war and implement a peace agreement when the government proposes it. The House of Representatives also elects the president of Puntland as well as the vice president of Puntland.

After the establishment of Puntland, the legislature has been directly elected by the people in 1998, 2004, 2009, 2013 and 2018. On 4 January 2019, the legislature elected a speaker and two deputies. This was followed by the successful election of the President of Puntland on 8 January 2019. Next elections are due to take place in 2023.
History of Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.
The history of Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. began in 1901.  It first played in the Southern League, and was elected to the Football League in 1920.  They won promotion to the First Division in the 1978–79 season, but were relegated in the 1982–83 season. They returned to the top flight for the 2017–18 season playing in the Premier League.

The club played its matches at the Goldstone Ground between 1902 and 1997. After the stadium was sold, the club played at Gillingham for two years, then at Withdean Stadium between 1999 and 2011. In 2011, a new stadium Falmer Stadium was completed and it has served as the home ground for the club since. Crystal Palace, Brighton's biggest rivals were the first team to win at the 'Amex' with Brighton favourite Glenn Murray scoring the final goal of the game for Crystal Palace.

Withdean Stadium
Withdean Stadium is an athletics stadium in Withdean, a suburb of Brighton. It was constructed in 1930. It was the home track of Olympic athlete Steve Ovett. Between 1999 and 2011 it was the home ground of football team Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.
Guthega Power Station
Guthega Power Station is located in the Snowy Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia. The power station's purpose is for the generation of electricity. It is the first to be completed and smallest of the initial seven hydroelectric power stations that comprise the Snowy Mountains Scheme, a vast hydroelectricity and irrigation complex constructed in south-east Australia between 1949 and 1974 and now run by Snowy Hydro.

This station is connected to the National Electricity Market via the TransGrid 330/132 kV Substation at the TransGrid 330 kV Murray Switching Station, 1.56 kilometres (1.71 mi) South East of Khancoban.

Snowy Hydro
Snowy Hydro Limited is an electricity generation and retailing company in Australia that owns, manages, and maintains the Snowy Mountains Hydro-electric Scheme that consists of nine hydro-electric power stations and sixteen large dams connected by 145 kilometres (90 mi) of tunnels and 80 kilometres (50 mi) of aqueducts located mainly in the Kosciuszko National Park. Snowy Hydro also owns and operates two gas-fired power stations in Victoria and one in New South Wales, three diesel power stations in South Australia and owns two electricity retailing businesses, Red Energy and Lumo Energy.

The company is owned by the Government of Australia and whilst not a statutory corporation, is established by the Snowy Mountains Hydro-electric Power Act 1949 (Cth). Prior to its incorporation under the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth), the company was previously known as Snowy Mountains Hydro-electric Authority.
DPS MMS scandal
The DPS MMS Scandal of 2004 was an infamous scandal caused by the unconsented sharing of an explicit video filmed by a student at Delhi Public School, R. K. Puram. The scandal caused a widespread sensation across India.

Delhi Public School, R. K. Puram
Delhi Public School, R. K. Puram (often referred to as DPS R. K. Puram or RKP) is a co-educational day and private boarding school educating pupils from 6th to 12th grade, located in R. K. Puram in the South Delhi district of Delhi, India. It was founded in 1972 and was the second Delhi Public School to be established after Delhi Public School, Mathura Road.

The school often features at the top of various rankings for academic excellence. DPS R. K. Puram is affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) it is recognized by the Department of Education, Government of NCT Delhi, and the Ministry of HRD, Government of India. It is also a member of the Indian Public Schools' Conference (IPSC) and the National Progressive Schools' Conference (NPSC).