hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glycoside hydrolase family 42
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 42 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.

The glycosyl hydrolase 42 family CAZY GH_42 comprises beta-galactosidase enzymes (EC 3.2.1.23). These enzyme catalyse the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing terminal beta-D-galactoside residues. The middle domain of these three-domain enzymes is involved in trimerisation.

Glycoside hydrolase
In biochemistry, glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases or glycosyl hydrolases) are a class of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes, with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies (e.g., lysozyme), in pathogenesis mechanisms  (e.g.,  viral neuraminidases) and in normal cellular function  (e.g.,  trimming mannosidases involved in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis). Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
Enrico Butti
Enrico Butti (April 3, 1847 – January 21, 1932) was an Italian sculptor, active mainly in Milan. He created principally funerary and commemorative monuments. He was professor of sculpture at the Accademia di Brera from 1893 to 1913.

Brera Academy
The Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera (lit. 'Academy of fine arts of Brera'), also known as the Accademia di Brera or Brera Academy, is a state-run tertiary public academy of fine arts in Milan, Italy.  It shares its history, and its main building, with the Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan's main public museum for art. In 2010 an agreement was signed to move the accademia to a former military barracks, the Caserma Magenta in via Mascheroni. In 2018 it was announced that Caserma Magenta was no longer a viable option, with the former railway yard in Via Farini now under consideration as a potential venue for the campus extension.
Hægeland (municipality)
Hægeland is a former municipality in Vest-Agder county, Norway.  The 194-square-kilometre (75 sq mi) municipality existed from 1896 until its dissolution in 1964.  The municipality was located in the northwestern part of the present-day municipality of Vennesla.  The administrative centre was the village of Hægelandskrossen where Hægeland Church is located.

Hægeland Church
Hægeland Church (Norwegian: Hægeland kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Vennesla Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hægeland. It is the church for the Hægeland parish which is part of the Otredal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a octagonal design in 1830 using plans drawn up by the architect Anders Thorsen Syrtveit. The church seats about 250 people.
Rund um die Nürnberger Altstadt
Rund um die Nürnberger Altstadt (English: Tour of Old Town Nuremberg) was an elite men's and women's professional road bicycle racing event held each September in the old town section of Nuremberg, Germany.

First held in 1991 as a men's race, a women's race was held from 1993. The women's event was part of the UCI Women's Road World Cup between 2003 and 2009, with the men's race part of the UCI Europe Tour between 2005 and 2009.

The last race took place in 2012, with the course subsequently used in the Bayern Rundfahrt between 2013 and 2015, and the Deutschland Tour in 2021.

UCI Women's Road World Cup
The UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup was a season-long road bicycle competition for women organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale between 1998 and 2015. This competition consisted of a series (which has varied from 6 to 12 events) of races linked together, not only by a common designation, but also by a yearly overall points competition.

Each World Cup race was a one-day event, with courses ranging from relatively flat, criterium-like courses, to those which have much climbing, as exemplified by La Flèche Wallonne Féminine which ends on the famed Mur de Huy climb with several sections exceeding 15% grades.

From 2016, the competition was replaced by the UCI Women's World Tour – which includes stage stages as well as one-day events, including many races used in the World Cup.
Haagsche Delftsche Mixed
Haagse Hockeyvereniging "Haagsche Delftsche Mixed", commonly known as hdm, is a Dutch professional field hockey club based in The Hague, South Holland.

The club was founded on 8 February 1908, when students from Delft wanted to play hockey with their girlfriends from The Hague. The first men's team won the Dutch national title in 1924, 1930, 1931, 1935, 1941, 1942, and for the last time in 1992. Currently, the first men's team competes in the Dutch second division, the Promotieklasse, the first women's team competes in the Dutch first division, the Hoofdklasse.

In both the competitions 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 the first women's team succeeded to enter the play-offs for the Championship, but did not succeed to reach the finals.

On 6 June 2022 the first men's team promoted back to the Dutch first division Hoofdklasse, after winning a play-offs trilogy (3-1) against SCHC (Stichtsche Cricket en Hockey Club Bilthoven).

Men's Hoofdklasse Hockey
The Men's Hoofdklasse Hockey, currently known as the Tulp Hoofdklasse Men for sponsorship reasons, is the men's top division of field hockey in the Netherlands. The league ranks first in the European league ranking table. The league was established in 1973, and before the league existed the champions of the several district played in a championship pool to determine the national champion.

Amsterdam are the current champions, having won the 2024–25 season by defeating Kampong in the championship final. Amsterdam and Bloemendaal have the most titles with 22 each.
Indiana v. Edwards
Indiana v. Edwards, 554 U.S. 164 (2008), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the standard for competency to stand trial was not linked to the standard for competency to represent oneself.

Faretta v. California
Faretta v. California, 422 U.S. 806 (1975), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that criminal defendants have a constitutional right to refuse counsel and represent themselves in state criminal proceedings.

Quoting Adams v. United States ex rel. McCann (1942), the Court reasoned that, "The right to assistance of counsel and the correlative right to dispense with a lawyer's help are not legal formalisms... To deny an accused a choice of procedure in circumstances in which he, though a layman, is as capable as any lawyer of making an intelligent choice, is to impair the worth of great Constitutional safeguards by treating them as empty verbalisms. … [T]o deny him in the exercise of his free choice the right to dispense with some of these safeguards … is to imprison a man in his privileges, and call it the Constitution."
2025 CONCACAF Gold Cup Group C
Group C of the 2025 CONCACAF Gold Cup consisted of Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Jamaica, and Panama. Teams in this group played from June 16 to 24, 2025. The top two teams, Panama and Guatemala, advanced to the quarter-finals, while the other two teams were eliminated.

2025 CONCACAF Gold Cup knockout stage
The knockout stage of the 2025 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the second and final stage of the competition, following the group stage. Played from June 28 to July 6, the knockout stage ended with the final, held at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas. The top two teams from each group advanced to the knockout stage to compete in a single-elimination tournament. There were seven matches in the knockout stage.
Sophia Dobson Collet
Sophia Dobson Collet (1 February 1822 – 27 March 1894) was a 19th-century English feminist freethinker. She wrote under the pen name Panthea in George Holyoake's Reasoner, wrote for The Spectator and was a friend of the leading feminist Frances Power Cobbe.

George Holyoake
George Jacob Holyoake (13 April 1817 – 22 January 1906) was an English secularist, co-operator and newspaper editor. He coined the terms secularism in 1851 and "jingoism" in 1878. He edited a secularist paper, The Reasoner, from 1846 to June 1861, and a co-operative one, The English Leader, in 1864–1867.
Derýaýollary
Open joint-stock company Deryayollary (Turkmen: «Derýaýollary» açyk görnüşli paýdarlar jemgyýeti; means Riverways) is a state-owned operator of waterways and river-ports in Turkmenistan. The company operates  1,013 km (629 mi) of river-ways on Amu Darya and Karakum Canal (63rd in the world). The company belongs to the Turkmendenizderyayollary Agency. Operator based in Turkmenabat.

Open joint-stock company
A public joint-stock company, abbreviated PJSC (Russian: Публичное акционерное общество, abbreviated Russian: ПАО) or open joint-stock company, abbreviated OJSC (Russian: Открытое акционерное общество, abbreviated Russian: ОАО), is a type of company in many successor states of the Soviet Union, particularly in Russia. Its distinguishing feature is the right of stockholders to trade in stocks without the permission of other stockholders. These public stock companies are somewhat comparable to corporations under US law.
Hans Thoma
Hans Thoma (2 October 1839 – 7 November 1924) was a German painter. An alumnus and later professor of Karlsruhe Academy, he is known for his landscapes, portraits, and symbolic works rooted in German regional life and tradition. In his senior years, he served as a member of the Baden State Parliament.

After his death his work was appropriated by nationalist and Nazi ideology, and several of his artworks were looted from Jewish collectors during the Third Reich. Ongoing debates address his political views and alleged antisemitism.

Art in Nazi Germany
The Nazi regime in Germany actively promoted and censored forms of art between 1933 and 1945. Upon becoming dictator in 1933, Adolf Hitler gave his personal artistic preference the force of law to a degree rarely known before. In the case of Germany, the model was to be classical Greek and Roman art, seen by Hitler as an art whose exterior form embodied an inner racial ideal. It was, furthermore, to be comprehensible to the average man. This art was to be both heroic and romantic. The Nazis viewed the culture of the Weimar period with disgust. Their response stemmed partly from conservative aesthetics and partly from their determination to use culture as propaganda.
So Much Love (The Rocket Summer song)
"So Much Love" is a song by rock artist The Rocket Summer.  It was the lead single off his third studio album Do You Feel, released in 2007.  The song charted in the Top 13 on R&R magazine's Christian Hit Radio chart as of December 15, 2007.

The Rocket Summer
The Rocket Summer is the solo project of Bryce Avary, a multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter, and record producer based in Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas.

He has released eight studio albums and several EPs. His fifth release, 2012's Life Will Write the Words, reached No. 58 on The Billboard 200 and No. 12 on Billboard Top Modern Rock/Alternative Albums chart as well as No. 12 on Top Independent Albums chart. His fourth release, Of Men and Angels, held the No. 1 Top Album spot on iTunes upon its release in 2010. AP Magazine called him one of "100 bands you need to know."
Marksbury
Marksbury is a small village and civil parish on the eastern edge of the affluent Chew Valley in Somerset, about 4 miles (6.4 km) from Keynsham and 7 miles (11.3 km) from Bath on the A39 where it meets the A368. The parish, which includes the villages of Hunstrete and Stanton Prior, has a population of 397.

A39 road
The A39 is an A road in south west England. It runs south-west from Bath in Somerset through Wells, Glastonbury, Street and Bridgwater. It then follows the north coast of Somerset, Devon and Cornwall through Williton, Minehead, Porlock, Lynmouth, Barnstaple, Bideford, Stratton, Camelford, Wadebridge and St Columb Major. It then joins the route of the A30 road for around 5 miles (8.0 km), re-emerging near Zelah to head for the south Cornish coast via Truro and Falmouth.

In Cornwall and North Devon (until the junction with the A361 "North Devon Link Road"), the road is known as the Atlantic Highway, and was classified as a trunk road until 2002.
Icius nigricaudus
Icius nigricaudus, the Blacktailed Icius Jumping Spider, is a species of jumping spider in the genus Icius that lives in South Africa. It was first described in 2009 by Wanda Wesołowska and Charles Haddad. The spider is small, with a carapace measuring between 1.3 and 1.4 mm (0.05 and 0.06 in) long and an abdomen that is between 1.2 and 1.6 mm (0.05 and 0.06 in) in length. The female has a larger abdomen than the male, but otherwise they are similarly sized. The carapace is brown with a white stripe down the middle, the male also having white spots. The female abdomen is black with a white stripe. The male black and olive-yellow with white patches. The spider has distinctive copulatory organs. The male has a distinctive pedipalp with a tegulum with a low posterior node, a straight embolus, and hooked tibial apophysis, or appendage. The female has a simple epigyne with long and narrow seminal ducts.

Palpal bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often described as like wearing boxing gloves. The palpal bulb does not actually produce sperm, being used only to transfer it to the female. Palpal bulbs are only fully developed in adult male spiders and are not completely visible until after the final moult. In the majority of species of spider, the bulbs have complex shapes and are important in identification.
Nina Hosali
Nina Moti Hosali (23 October 1898 – 14 January 1987) was a philanthropist, artist and author. She co-founded The Society for the Protection of Animals Abroad (SPANA), founded the Nature Cure Clinic and played a key role in the Margaret Morris Movement and Free Painters and Sculptors.

Margaret Morris (dancer)
Margaret Morris (10 March 1891 – 29 February 1980) was a British dancer, choreographer, artist and teacher. She founded the Margaret Morris Movement, Celtic Ballet and two Scottish National Ballets in Glasgow (1947) and in Pitlochry (1960). Morris devised a system of movement notation, which was first published in 1928.
Admirals' Trial
The Admirals' Trial (Italian: processo degli ammiragli) was a show trial held in May 1944 by the Special Tribunal for the Defense of the State of the Italian Social Republic against a group of admirals of the Regia Marina, accused of treason by the Italian Social Republic for their behaviour in the summer of 1943 and after the Armistice of Cassibile.

Regia Marina
The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy', pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").
Hard Nose the Highway
Hard Nose the Highway is the seventh studio album by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison, released in 1973. It was his first solo album since his 1967 debut Blowin' Your Mind! to contain songs not written by Morrison. A cover version of the song "Bein' Green", usually associated with Kermit the Frog, is included, as is a take of the traditional song "Purple Heather". The album also contains the single "Warm Love," a fan favourite.

Wild Mountain Thyme
"Wild Mountain Thyme" (also known as "Purple Heather" and "Will Ye Go, Lassie, Go?") is a Scottish/Irish folk song. The lyrics and melody are a variant of the song "The Braes of Balquhither" by Scottish poet Robert Tannahill (1774–1810) and Scottish composer Robert Archibald Smith (1780–1829), but were adapted by Belfast musician Francis McPeake (1885–1971) into "Wild Mountain Thyme" and first recorded by his family in the 1950s.

Tannahill's original song, first published in Robert Archibald Smith's Scottish Minstrel (1821–24), is about the hills (braes) around Balquhidder near Lochearnhead. Tannahill collected and adapted traditional songs, and "The Braes of Balquhither" may have been based on the traditional song "The Braes o' Bowhether".
Bellevue Heights, South Australia
Bellevue Heights is a suburb in the City of Mitcham local government area. It was originally the rural property of "Windsor Farm" and later "Sturtbrae" when owned by the family of W. G. Mills, and was named after Bellevue in Sydney by the developer Murray Hill.

The southern part of the suburb includes the northern part of the Sturt Gorge Recreation Park.

Bellevue Heights is in the Adelaide foothills. Residents usually have great views of either the city or the Sturt Gorge from their house.

City of Mitcham
The City of Mitcham is a local government area in the foothills of southern Adelaide, South Australia. Within its bounds is Flinders University, South Australia's second largest, and the notable, affluent suburb of Springfield which contains some of the city's most expensive properties.
Anima Yell!
Anima Yell! (アニマエール！, Anima Ēru!) is a Japanese four-panel manga series by Tsukasa Unohana. It was serialized in Houbunsha's seinen manga magazine Manga Time Kirara Carat from its April 2016 to October 2020 issues and has been collected in five tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation by Doga Kobo aired from October 7 to December 23, 2018.

Yonkoma
Yonkoma manga (4コマ漫画; "four cell manga" or 4-koma for short) is a comic strip format that generally consists of gag comic strips within four panels of equal size, following a structure known as kishōtenketsu.
Rochdale Castle
Rochdale Castle was a motte-and-bailey castle in Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England. Historically a part of Lancashire, it was built in the period shortly after the Norman Conquest of England.

In the 12th century, many charters refer to "the vill of the castle of Rachedal". A charter dated c. 1238 describes the castle as standing on rising ground commanding the valley of the Roche a location still known as Castle Hill. The castle was abandoned in the early 13th century. It was documented again in 1322.

In 1626 a Gabriel Tayor had a house on the site, known as Castle Hill, described as being on the "reputed site of a castle standing there, but now clean defaced". Buildings were later erected over the castle bailey and in the 19th century a house was built on the motte.

The motte is 100 feet (30 m) at the base; the bailey is rectangular, lies to the south, and measures 120 feet (37 m) by 100 feet (30 m). The defences consisted of an earth rampart and ditch.

Motte-and-bailey castle
A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a walled courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the Low Countries it controlled, in the 11th century, when these castles were popularized in the area that became the Netherlands. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
Inconscientes (band)
Inconscientes (Spanish pronunciation: [iŋkonsˈθjentes]) was a Spanish hard rock band founded by Iñaki "Uoho" Antón, former guitarist of Platero y Tú and Extremoduro. Their music style resembles the aforementioned bands, mainly influenced by classic rock bands such as Deep Purple or Status Quo.

Platero y Tú
Platero y Tú (Spanish pronunciation: [plaˈteɾoj ˈtu]) was a Spanish rock and roll and blues rock band formed in Bilbao in the 1980s, and disbanded in 2001. Their lyrics mainly deal about drugs, bar issues and love, and their style, being mainly influenced by bands such as Status Quo, AC/DC and Leño, and guitarists like John Fogerty from Creedence Clearwater Revival, broke with the Basque Radical Rock trend of the moment.
PNS Babur (D-182)
PNS Babur (D-182) was a Tariq-class destroyer that served in the Surface Command of the Pakistan Navy from 1993 until being decommissioned in 2014. Before commissioning in the Pakistan Navy, she served in the Royal Navy, formerly designated as HMS Amazon as a general purpose frigate.

Upon being acquired by Pakistan in 1993, she went through a modernization and refitting program by the KSEW Ltd. at the Naval Base Karachi in 1998–2002 to be classified as destroyer.

HMS Amazon (F169)
HMS Amazon was the first Type 21 frigate of the Royal Navy. Her keel was laid down at the Vosper Thornycroft shipyard in Southampton, England. The ship suffered a fire in the Far East in 1977, drawing attention to the risk of building warships with aluminium superstructure.
Aloha Airlines Flight 243
Aloha Airlines Flight 243 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight flown by Aloha Airlines between Hilo and Honolulu in Hawaii. On April 28, 1988, the Boeing 737-297 airplane serving the flight suffered extensive damage after an explosive decompression in flight, caused by part of the fuselage breaking due to poor maintenance and metal fatigue. The plane was able to land safely at Kahului Airport on Maui. The one fatality, flight attendant Clarabelle "C.B." Lansing, was ejected from the airplane. Sixty-five passengers and crew were injured. The substantial damage inflicted by the decompression, the loss of one cabin crew member, and the safe landing of the aircraft established the accident as a significant event in the history of aviation, with far-reaching effects on aviation safety policies and procedures.

Uncontrolled decompression
An uncontrolled decompression is an undesired drop in the pressure of a sealed system, such as a pressurised aircraft cabin or hyperbaric chamber, that typically results from human error, structural failure, or impact, causing the pressurised vessel to vent into its surroundings or fail to pressurize at all.

Such decompression may be classed as explosive, rapid, or slow:

Explosive decompression (ED) is violent and too fast for air to escape safely from the lungs and other air-filled cavities in the body such as the sinuses and eustachian tubes, typically resulting in severe to fatal barotrauma.

Rapid decompression may be slow enough to allow cavities to vent but may still cause serious barotrauma or discomfort.

Slow or gradual decompression occurs so slowly that it may not be sensed before hypoxia sets in.