hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HR 8799 c
HR 8799 c is an extrasolar planet located approximately 129 light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus, orbiting the 6th magnitude Lambda Boötis star HR 8799. This planet has 7.8 times the  mass of Jupiter and 1.10 times the radius. It orbits at 41.0 AU from HR 8799 with an low eccentricity and a period of 210 years; it is the 2nd planet discovered in the HR 8799 system. Along with two other planets orbiting HR 8799, this planet was discovered on November 13, 2008, by Marois et al., using the Keck and the Gemini observatories in Hawaii.  These planets were discovered using the direct imaging technique. In January 2010, HR 8799 c became the 9th exoplanet candidate to have a portion of its spectrum directly observed (following 2M1207b, DH Tau b, GQ Lup b, AB Pic b, CHXR 73 b, HD 203030 b, CT Cha b and 1RXS J1609b), confirming the feasibility of direct spectrographic studies of exoplanets.

W. M. Keck Observatory
The W. M. Keck Observatory is an astronomical observatory with two telescopes at an elevation of 4,145 meters (13,600 ft) near the summit of Mauna Kea in the U.S. state of Hawaii. Both telescopes have 10 m (33 ft) aperture primary mirrors, and, when completed in 1993 (Keck I) and 1996 (Keck II), they were the largest optical reflecting telescopes in the world. They have been the third and fourth largest since 2006.
South African Class 3B 4-8-2
The South African Railways Class 3B 4-8-2 of 1912 was a steam locomotive.

In 1912, the South African Railways took delivery of ten Class 3B steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 Mountain type wheel arrangement which had been ordered by the Natal Government Railways the year before.

South African Class 3 4-8-2
The South African Railways Class 3 4-8-2 of 1909 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Colony of Natal.

In 1909, the Natal Government Railways placed the world's first true Mountain type locomotive in service when five Class B 4-8-2 tender locomotives were commissioned. Another 25 were placed in service in 1911. In 1912, when they were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered and designated Class 3. The Mountain wheel arrangement went on to become the most numerous steam locomotive wheel configuration in use in South Africa.
Isaac Serna
Isaac Fredy Serna Guzmán (born 12 November 1955) is a Peruvian politician. He is a Congressman representing Ica for the period 2006–2011, and belongs to the Union for Peru party. He failed to attain re-election in the 2011 elections when he ran for re-election under the National Solidarity Alliance, but he was not re-elected.

2011 Peruvian general election
General elections were held in Peru on 10 April 2011 to elect the president, the vice presidents, 130 members of Congress and five members of the Andean Parliament. As no presidential candidate received a majority in the first round, a second round was held on 5 June to determine the successor of outgoing president Alan García. Former army officer Ollanta Humala narrowly defeated Keiko Fujimori, daughter of imprisoned former President Alberto Fujimori. Humala was sworn in as the 94th President of Peru on 28 July.
Abu Ma'shar al-Sindi
Abu Ma'shar Najīḥ bin 'Abd al-Raḥmān al-Sindī al-Madanī (Arabic: أبو معشر نجيح بن عبد الرحمن السندي المدني) commonly known as Abu Ma'shar al-Sindī was a Muslim historian and hadith scholar. A contemporary of Ibn Ishaq, he wrote the Kitāb al-Maghāzī, fragments of which are preserved in the works of al-Waqidi and Ibn Sa'd. Al-Tabari quoted him for Biblical information and chronological statements about the Islamic prophet Muhammad and later Muslim conquests. As a hadith transmitter, Muslim experts in biographical evaluation (ʿIlm al-rijāl) generally considered him unreliable.

Biographical evaluation
Biographical evaluation (Arabic: عِلْمُ الرِّجال, romanized: ʿilm ar-rijāl; literally meaning 'Knowledge of Men', but more commonly understood as the Science of Narrators) refers to a discipline of Islamic religious studies within hadith terminology in which the narrators of hadith are evaluated. Its goal is to establish the credibility of the narrators, using both historic and religious knowledge, in order to distinguish authentic and reliable hadiths from unreliable hadiths. ʿIlm ar-rijāl is synonymous with what is commonly referred to as al-jarḥ wa al-taʿdīl (discrediting and accrediting) – the criticism and declared acceptance of hadith narrators.
Plasmin
Plasmin is an important enzyme (EC 3.4.21.7) present in blood that degrades many blood plasma proteins, including fibrin clots. The degradation of fibrin is termed fibrinolysis.  In humans, the plasmin protein (in the zymogen form of plasminogen) is encoded by the PLG gene.

Fibrin
Fibrin (also called Factor Ia) is a fibrous, non-globular protein involved in the clotting of blood. It is formed by the action of the protease thrombin on fibrinogen, which causes it to polymerize. The polymerized fibrin, together with platelets, forms a hemostatic plug or clot over a wound site.

When the lining of a blood vessel is broken, platelets are attracted, forming a platelet plug. These platelets have thrombin receptors on their surfaces that bind serum thrombin molecules, which in turn convert soluble fibrinogen in the serum into fibrin at the wound site. Fibrin forms long strands of tough insoluble protein that are bound to the platelets. Factor XIII completes the cross-linking of fibrin so that it hardens and contracts. The cross-linked fibrin forms a mesh atop the platelet plug that completes the clot. Fibrin was discovered by Marcello Malpighi in 1666.
Brasilotitan
Brasilotitan (meaning "Brazil giant") is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian) Adamantina Formation of Brazil. The type species is Brasilotitan nemophagus. Brasilotitan was a small titanosaur with a squared-off snout, and may be closely related to another Brazilian titanosaur, Uberabatitan.

Adamantina Formation
The Adamantina Formation is a geological formation in the Bauru Basin of western São Paulo state in southeastern Brazil.

Its strata date back to the Late Cretaceous epoch of the Cretaceous Period, during the Mesozoic Era. The formation is part of the Bauru Group in the northeastern Paraná Basin.
Process function
In thermodynamics, a quantity that is well defined so as to describe the path of a process through the equilibrium state space of a thermodynamic system is termed a process function, or, alternatively, a process quantity, or a path function. As an example, mechanical work and heat are process functions because they describe quantitatively the transition between equilibrium states of a thermodynamic system.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
Dan Micciche
Dan Micciche (born 30 November 1979) is an English football coach and manager, who most recently served as assistant manager at EFL League Two club Crawley Town. He was manager of the England U16 national team from 2015 to 2017 and Milton Keynes Dons for three months in 2018. He was employed by Arsenal between 2018 and 2022, as head coach of Arsenal U15s and later head coach of Arsenal U18s, before being appointed as Crawley Town's assistant manager in summer 2022.

England national under-16 football team
England national under-16 football team, also known as England under-16s or England U16(s), represents England in association football at an under-16 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England.
Mulenge
Mulenge is a village encircled by hills in the Kigoma groupement, within Bafuliiru Chiefdom, located in the Uvira Territory, South Kivu, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Perched on the Itombwe massif's high plateaus, it overlooks Uvira. Historically, the area has been inhabited by remnants of Bantu communities like the Fuliiru people whom are the original inhabitants of region, and some Nyindu communities. The region's economy is centered around agriculture, family livestock breeding, and fishing.

Itombwe Mountains
The Itombwe Mountains (or Itombwe Massif, Plateau) are a range of mountains in the South Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). They run along the west shore of the northern part of Lake Tanganyika.  They contain a vast area of contiguous montane forest and are home to a rich diversity of wildlife.
Kim Yu-jae
Kim Yu-jae (Korean: 김유재; born 12 June 2009) is a South Korean figure skater. She is the 2025 South Korean national bronze medalist, a three-time bronze medalist on the ISU Junior Grand Prix and the 2022 South Korean national junior silver medalist. She placed fourth at the 2023 World Junior Championships.

2025 South Korean Figure Skating Championships
The 2025 South Korean Figure Skating Championships were held from January 2–5, 2025 at the Uijeongbu Indoor Ice Rink in Uijeongbu. It was the 79th edition of the event. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, and ice dance on the senior and junior levels. The results were part of the Korean Skating Union's selection criteria for the 2025 World Junior Championships and the 2025 World Championships.
Battle of Wadi (1916)
The Battle of Wadi, occurring on 13 January 1916, was an unsuccessful attempt by British forces fighting in Ottoman Iraq during World War I to relieve beleaguered forces under Sir Charles Townshend then under siege by the Ottoman Sixth Army at Kut-al-Amara.

Pushed by regional British Commander-in-Chief Sir John Nixon, General Fenton Aylmer launched an attack against Ottoman defensive positions on the banks of the Wadi River. The Wadi was a steep valley of a stream that ran from the north into the River Tigris, some 6 miles (9.7 km) upstream towards Kut-al-Amara from Sheikh Sa'ad. The attack is generally considered as a failure, as although Aylmer managed to capture the Wadi, it cost him 1,600 men. The British failure led to Townshend's surrender, along with 10,000 of his men, in the largest single surrender of British troops up to that time. However, the British recaptured Kut in February 1917, on their way to the capture of Baghdad sixteen days later on 11 March 1917.

John Nixon (Indian Army officer)
General Sir John Eccles Nixon GCMG KCB (16 August 1857 – 15 December 1921) was a senior commander of the British Indian Army. He gave the orders for the ultimately disastrous first British Expedition against Baghdad during the First World War.
Hari Krishan Jain
Hari Krishan Jain (28 May 1930 - 8 April 2019) was an Indian cytogeneticist and plant breeder, known for his contributions to the field of genetic recombination and the control of interchromosome level. He is a former chancellor of the Central Agricultural University, Imphal, a former director of the Indian Agriculture Research Institute and a recipient of honours such as Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Award, Borlaug Award and Om Prakash Bhasin Award. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 1966, for his contributions to biological sciences. He received the fourth highest Indian civilian honor, the Padma Shri, in 1981.

Om Prakash Bhasin Award
Om Prakash Bhasin Award for Science and Technology is an Indian award, instituted in 1985 to recognize excellence in the areas of science and technology. The award, given individually or collectively to a group, is annual in cycle and carries a plaque, a citation and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The winners are invited to deliver the Om Prakash Bhasin Memorial Lecture at a venue decided by the award committee.
Lindsay Tanner
Lindsay James Tanner (born 24 April 1956) is a former Australian politician. A member of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), he represented the seat of Melbourne in the House of Representatives from 1993 to 2010 and served as Minister for Finance in the Rudd and Gillard governments from 2007 to 2010.

Minister for Finance (Australia)
The Minister for Finance is a member of the Cabinet of Australia who is responsible for monitoring government expenditure and financial management. The current minister is Senator Katy Gallagher who has held the position since May 2022.

In the Government of Australia, the minister supplements the role of the Treasurer, being responsible for areas such as government expenditure, financial management, and the operations of government. The minister administers the portfolio through the Department of Finance.

The Finance Minister is in effect the deputy Treasurer (not to be confused with the Assistant Treasurer), as the Finance Minister acts as the Treasurer in the Treasurer's absence. Unlike the Treasurer, who by convention has been a member of the House of Representatives, the Finance Minister may come from either House of Parliament.
Abdul Rahman Al Bakir
Abdul Rahman Al Bakir (Arabic: عبدالرحمن الباكر; 1917–1971) was a leading activist and one of the independence leaders in the Arab Gulf states in the 20th century. He was the founding member and secretary of the National Union Committee (NUC), a non-sectarian and pan-Arab independence group established in Bahrain in 1954.

Arab states of the Persian Gulf
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf (Arabic: دول الخليج الفارسي, romanized: duwal al-Khalīj al-ʿfarsi), are a group of Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

The term has been used in different contexts to refer to a number of Arab states in the Persian Gulf region. The prominent political union of the region is the Gulf Cooperation Council, which includes all Persian Gulf states except Iraq. Most Persian Gulf states are former protectorates of the British Empire.
Lissocarpa
Lissocarpa is a genus of flowering plants, described as a genus in 1876. It is classified as belonging to the family Ebenaceae, the ebony and diospyros family. It includes only a few species of small evergreen trees and shrubs species native to tropical South America.

Lissocarpa species share various characters with other members of Ebenaceae, e.g., the black color of roots and bark, extrafloral nectaries on abaxial leaf surfaces, a persistent calyx, unisexual flowers, biovulate carpels with pendulous ovules, and a similar wood anatomy producing a hard, dark heartwood timber similar to ebony. They are slow-growing trees found on a wide variety of soils and sites. They grow in a large range of conditions. Best growth is in the bottom lands of River Valleys.

species

Ebenaceae
The Ebenaceae are a family of flowering plants belonging to order Ericales. The family includes ebony and persimmon among about 768 species of trees and shrubs. It is distributed across the tropical and warmer temperate regions of the world. It is most diverse in the rainforests of Malesia, India, Thailand, tropical Africa and tropical America.

Many species are valued for their wood, particularly ebony, for fruit, and as ornamental plants.
Ikura Kushida
Ikura Kushida (櫛田 育良, Kushida Ikura; born October 29, 2007) is a Japanese figure skater. With ice dance partner, Koshiro Shimada, she is the 2025–26 Japanese national silver medalist.

As a singles skater, she is the 2022 JGP Czech Republic bronze medalist, the 2023–24 Japan Junior silver medalist, and the 2024–25 Japan Junior bronze medalist.

2025–26 Japan Figure Skating Championships
The 2025–26 Japan Figure Skating Championships were held in Shibuya, Tokyo on December 18–21, 2025. It was the 94th edition of the event. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pairs, and ice dance. The results were part of the Japanese selection criteria for the 2026 Four Continents Championships, 2026 World Championships, and the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Nikolay Nikolaev (politician)
Nikolay Nikolaev (Russian: Николай Петрович Николаев; born 2 April 1970, Moscow) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 7th and 8th State Dumas.

From 1994 to 1998, Nikolaev worked in Tashkent and Moscow as a correspondent at the East European Insurance Report (Financial Times). In 1991-2001, he was the head of the department of the insurance company "Progress-Garant". In 2003, he founded and headed the communication group "AMSCOM", which until 2009 provided services in public relations and authorities to companies in the financial sector. From 2010 to 2014, Nikolaev was CEO of the National Association of Insurance Representatives. In 2013-2014, he was the vice president of the All-Russian public organization of small and medium business "Support of Russia". In 2016, he was elected deputy of the 7th State Duma. In 2021, he was re-elected for the 8th State Duma.

7th State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 7th convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации седьмого созыва) is a former convocation of the lower house of Russian parliament.

The composition of the 7th State Duma was based on the results of the 2016 parliamentary election. Elections were held using a mixed system: 225 deputies were elected on party lists and 225 — in single-member constituencies. Of the 14 parties participating in the elections, only four were able to overcome the required 5% electoral threshold. Two more parties and one independent candidate were able to enter the State Duma via single-mandate constituencies.
Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset
Lionel Cranfield Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset KG PC (18 January 1688 – 10 October 1765) was a British politician who served as Lord President of the Council from 1745 to 1751. He also twice served as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland from 1730 to 1737 and again from 1750 to 1755.

Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (UK: /lɛfˈtɛnənt/), or more formally Lieutenant General and General Governor of Ireland, was the title of the chief governor of Ireland from the Williamite Wars of 1690 until the Partition of Ireland in 1922. This spanned the Kingdom of Ireland (1541–1800) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1922). The office, under its various names, was often more generally known as the viceroy, and his wife was known as the vicereine. The government of Ireland in practice was usually in the hands of the Lord Deputy up to the 17th century, and later of the Chief Secretary for Ireland.
Eliki railway station
Eliki railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Ελίκη, romanized: Sidirodromikós Stathmós Eliki) is a Station on the Athens Airport–Patras railway line just outside the borders of the settlement of Eliki, a small village in Achaea, Greece. It is located just North of the village, close to the 8A motorway. It was opened on 22 June 2020 as part of the €848-million ErgOSE project extension of the Athens Airport–Patras railway to Aigio rail line, co-financed by the European Union's Cohesion Fund 2000–2006. The station is served by Hellenic Train local services between Kiato and Aigio. It should not be confused with the now-closed station on the old Piraeus–Patras railway, which is located northeast of the current station, closer to the coast of the Corinthian Gulf

Athens Airport–Patras railway
The railway from Athens Airport to Patras is a double-track, standard-gauge railway line in Greece that, when completed, will connect Athens International Airport with Patras, the country's third-largest city. One of the largest railway projects of the last 30 years in Greece, its completion is of major significance for the infrastructure of the entire region of the northern Peloponnese. As of 2020, the line is completed until the city of Aigio. A 5.2 km underground section is planned for the final section from Kastellokampos to Agios Andreas in Patras, terminating at the new port of Patras. For most of the section between Athens Airport in East Attica and Mandra in West Attica, the line runs along the median strip of the Attiki Odos motorway.
Jamie Maclaren
Jamie Maclaren (born 29 July 1993) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a striker for Indian Super League club Mohun Bagan and the Australia national team. He previously played for Melbourne City, SV Darmstadt, Perth Glory, Brisbane Roar and Hibernian. Maclaren initially represented Scotland at youth level, but has since appeared for Australia at both youth and senior international level.

Maclaren is a five time A-League Golden Boot winner as A-League top scorer in the 2016–17 (19 goals), 2019–20 (22 goals), 2020–21 (25 goals) and 2021–22 (15 goals) season, 2022–23 and 24 goals). With 154 goals across 3 clubs, Maclaren is the A-League's all time top goalscorer, Melbourne City's all time top goalscorer, as well as Brisbane Roar's third highest all time goalscorer.

SV Darmstadt 98
Sportverein Darmstadt 1898 e.V., commonly known as Darmstadt 98 (German pronunciation: [ˌdaʁmʃtat ʔaxtʔʊntˈnɔɪ̯nt͡sɪç] ⓘ), is a German professional association football club based in Darmstadt, Hesse. The club was founded on 22 May 1898 as FC Olympia Darmstadt. Early in 1919, the association was briefly known as Rasen-Sportverein Olympia before merging with Darmstädter Sport Club 1905 on 11 November that year to become Sportverein Darmstadt 98. Merger partner SC was the product of a 1905 union between Viktoria 1900 Darmstadt and Germania 1903 Darmstadt. The footballers are today part of a sports club which also offers its over 13,500 members basketball, hiking, futsal, judo, and table tennis.

The football department competed in the Bundesliga for the 2015–16 and 2016–17 seasons after a 33-year run in lower leagues. Darmstadt 98 were promoted again to the Bundesliga in 2023; however, they did not avoid relegation the following season.
Charlie Bilodeau
Charlie Bilodeau (born August 6, 1993) is a retired Canadian pair skater.

With former partner Julianne Séguin, he is the 2016 Skate America champion, the 2015 World Junior silver medallist, the 2014 Junior Grand Prix Final champion, and a three-time Canadian national medallist.

They placed 9th at the 2018 Winter Olympics.

With former partner Liubov Ilyushechkina he is the 2019 Cup of China bronze medalist, the 2019 CSFinlandia Trophy bronze medalist, and the 2020 Canadian national bronze medalist.

2014–15 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final
The 2014–15 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final and ISU Junior Grand Prix Final were held from December 11–14, 2014, in Barcelona, Spain. The combined event was the culmination of two international series: the Grand Prix of Figure Skating and the Junior Grand Prix. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance at both the senior and junior levels.
Wizna
Wizna [ˈvizna] is a village in Łomża County of Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, situated on the Narew River. Wizna is known for the battle of Wizna which took place in its vicinity during the 1939 Invasion of Poland at the start of World War II.

Farming and food production are the primary sources of income for the residents. The food production by private farms provides favorable conditions for the development of processing industry.

Narew
The Narew ([ˈnarɛf]; Belarusian: Нараў, romanized: Naraŭ; Lithuanian: Narevas or Naruva) is a 499-kilometre (310 mi) river primarily in north-eastern Poland. It is a tributary of the river Vistula. The Narew is one of Europe's few braided rivers, the term relating to the twisted channels resembling braided hair. Around 57 kilometres (35 mi) of the river flows through western Belarus.