hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
QED (play)
QED is a play by American playwright Peter Parnell that chronicles significant events in the life of Nobel Prize-winning physicist Richard Feynman. It presents scenes from a fictional day in Feynman's life, less than two years before his death, interweaving many strands from his biography, from the Manhattan Project to the Challenger disaster inquiry to more personal topics such as the death of Feynman's wife and his own fight with cancer. The play, which grew out of a collaboration between Parnell, actor Alan Alda, and director Gordon Davidson, premiered in 2001. The original production, directed by Davidson and starring Alda as Feynman, was performed first at the Mark Taper Forum in Los Angeles and, from late 2001 to mid-2002, on Broadway.

Rogers Commission Report
The Rogers Commission Report was written by a Presidential Commission charged with investigating the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster during its 10th mission, STS-51-L. The report, released and submitted to President Ronald Reagan on June 9, 1986, determined the cause of the disaster that took place 73 seconds after liftoff, and urged the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to improve and install new safety features on the shuttles and in its organizational handling of future missions.
Wa Shi
Wa Shi (1498–1560), was a Zhuang noblewoman, who was a warrior, general, and political figure in southern China in the latter years of the Ming Dynasty, who is best known for countering the wokou pirates along China's southeastern coast during the reign of the Jiajing Emperor.

Zhuang people
The Zhuang (/ˈdʒwæŋ, ˈdʒwɒŋ/ ⓘ; Chinese: 壮族; pinyin: Zhuàngzú; Zhuang: Bouxcuengh, [poːu˦˨ ɕeŋ˧], Sawndip: 佈獞) are a Tai-speaking ethnic group who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in Southern China. Some also live in the Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou, and Hunan provinces. They form one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. With the Bouyei, Nùng, Tày, and other Northern Tai speakers, they are sometimes known as the Rau or Rao people. Their population, estimated at 19 million people, makes them the largest minority in China.
2019 Shanghai Masters
The 2019 Shanghai Masters was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place at the Regal International East Asia Hotel in Shanghai, China from 9 to 15 September 2019. The 13th edition of the Shanghai Masters, first held in 2007, it was the second edition since the tournament became an invitational event in 2018. The event was broadcast by Great Sports Channel, Superstars Online, Youku and Zhibo.tv in China, by NowTV in Hong Kong, and by Eurosport in Europe. The winner received £200,000 from a total prize fund of £751,000.

The defending champion was Ronnie O'Sullivan, who had defeated Barry Hawkins 11–9 in the 2018 final. O'Sullivan won his fourth Shanghai Masters title, and his third consecutively, by defeating Shaun Murphy 11–9 in the final.

2018 Shanghai Masters
The 2018 Shanghai Masters was a professional snooker tournament that took place in Shanghai, China from 10 to 16 September. The 12th edition of the tournament since it was first held in 2007, it was the first to be staged as a 24-player non-ranking invitational event; previous editions of the Shanghai Masters had been held as ranking events.

Ronnie O'Sullivan successfully defended the title by beating Barry Hawkins 11–9 in the final. 
With this win O'Sullivan became the first player to surpass £10 million in career prize money.
Palisades Sill
The Palisades Sill is a Triassic, 200 Ma diabase intrusion. It extends through portions of New York and New Jersey. It is most noteworthy for The Palisades, the cliffs that rise steeply above the western bank of the Hudson River. The ideal location and accessibility of the sill, as well as its unique features, have generated much attention from nature enthusiasts, rock climbers, and geologists alike.

Sill (geology)
In geology, a sill is a tabular sheet intrusion that has intruded between older layers of sedimentary rock, beds of volcanic lava or tuff, or along the direction of foliation in metamorphic rock. A sill is a concordant intrusive sheet, meaning that it does not cut across preexisting rock beds. Stacking of sills builds a sill complex and a large magma chamber at high magma flux. In contrast, a dike is a discordant intrusive sheet, which does cut across older rocks.
2021 Scottish Labour leadership election
The 2021 Scottish Labour leadership election was triggered on 14 January 2021 by the resignation of Richard Leonard as leader of the Scottish Labour Party, who had led the party since 2017. Two candidates were nominated, Anas Sarwar and Monica Lennon.

Ballots opened on 9 February and closed on 26 February. Sarwar was elected as leader on 27 February, winning 57.6% of the vote to Lennon's 42.4%.

2017 Scottish Labour leadership election
The 2017 Scottish Labour Party leadership election was triggered on 29 August 2017 by the resignation of Kezia Dugdale as leader of the Scottish Labour Party, having led the party for two years. MSP Jackie Baillie was acting interim leader for the last week of the election after Alex Rowley, the original interim leader, was suspended from the party over allegations of a criminal nature.

Richard Leonard was elected as leader on 18 November 2017.
Harold Frederick Neville Gye
Harold Frederick Neville Gye (22 May 1887 — 25 November 1967), was a prolific Australian artist, cartoonist and caricaturist under the name Hal Gye and a writer of verse and short stories under James Hackston.  Gye's artwork was published in a number of newspapers and magazines including The Bulletin, a journal with which he had a long association both as an artist and a writer.  Gye was also a noted book illustrator.  His artwork was featured in the books of C. J. Dennis beginning with The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke in 1915 and he also illustrated books of verse by Will H. Ogilvie and Banjo Paterson.  As 'James Hackston' Gye wrote verse and autobiographical short stories published in The Bulletin and the Coast to Coast series of anthologies.  In 1966 his collected short stories were published as Father Clears Out.

Banjo Paterson
Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson (17 February 1864 – 5 February 1941) was an Australian bush poet, journalist and author, widely considered one of the greatest writers of Australia's colonial period.

Born in rural New South Wales, Paterson worked as a lawyer before transitioning into literature, where he quickly gained recognition for capturing the life of the Australian bush. A representative of the Bulletin School of Australian literature, Paterson wrote many of his best known poems for the nationalist journal The Bulletin, including "Clancy of the Overflow" (1889) and "The Man from Snowy River" (1890). His 1895 ballad "Waltzing Matilda" is regarded widely as Australia's unofficial national anthem and, according to the National Film and Sound Archive, has been recorded more than any other Australian song.
Seventh-day Adventist Church pioneers
The Seventh-day Adventist Church pioneers were members of Seventh-day Adventist Church, part of the group of Millerites who came together after the Great Disappointment across the United States and formed the Seventh-day Adventist Church. In 1860, the pioneers of the fledgling movement settled on the name, Seventh-day Adventist, representative of the church's distinguishing beliefs. Three years later, on May 21, 1863, the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists was formed and the movement became an official organization.

Millerism
The Millerites were the followers of the teachings of William Miller, who in 1831 first shared publicly his belief that the Second Advent of Jesus Christ would occur in roughly the year 1843–1844. Coming during the Second Great Awakening, his teachings were spread widely and grew in popularity, which led to the event known as the Great Disappointment.
Ukai Songadh railway station
Ukai Songadh railway station is a railway station in Tapi district of Gujarat state of India. It is under Mumbai WR railway division of Western Railway zone of Indian Railways. Ukai Songadh railway station is 18 km far away from Vyara railway station. It serves Songadh and Ukai town. It is located on Udhna – Jalgaon main line of the Indian Railways.

It is located at 144 m above sea level and has two platform. As of 2016, electrified double broad-gauge railway line exists at this station. Passenger, MEMU trains halt here.

Vyara railway station
Vyara railway station is a railway station in Tapi district of Gujarat state of India. It is under Mumbai WR railway division of Western Railway zone of Indian Railways. Vyara railway station is 61 km far away from Surat railway station. It is located on Udhna – Jalgaon main line of the Indian Railways.

It is located at 90 m above sea level and has two platform. As of 2016, electrified double broad-gauge railway line exists at this station. Passenger, MEMU, Express and Superfast trains halt here.
Protome batalaria
Protome is an extinct genus of parasuchid phytosaur from the Late Triassic of Arizona, represented by a single species, Protome batalaria. It is known from a single holotype incomplete, partially disarticulated skull and left lower jaw called PEFO 34034 from the Upper Lot's Wife beds, Sonsela Member of the Chinle Formation in Petrified Forest National Park. The skull was discovered in 2004 by Michelle Stocker and Bill Parker and was described by them as a specimen of Smilosuchus adamanensis (then a species of Leptosuchus). It was placed in the new genus Protome in 2012. The genus name Protome is the Greek word for an animal's face. The specific name batalaria is the Latin word for battleship, which is a reference to Battleship NW, the locality within Petrified Forest where the skull was found.

Smilosuchus
Smilosuchus (from Ancient Greek σμίλη (smílē), meaning "knife, chisel", and Σοῦχος (Soûkhos), meaning "Sobek") is an extinct genus of leptosuchomorph parasuchid phytosaurs from the Late Triassic of North America. Three species have been named: the type species S. gregorii, S. adamanensis, and S. lithodendrorum, all recovered from the Norian-aged Chinle Formation of Arizona.
Molecular breast imaging
Molecular breast imaging (MBI), also known as scintimammography, is a type of breast imaging test that is used to detect cancer cells in breast tissue of individuals who have had abnormal mammograms, especially for those who have dense breast tissue, post-operative scar tissue or breast implants.

MBI is not used for screening or in place of a mammogram. Rather, it is used when the detection of breast abnormalities is not possible or not reliable on the basis of mammography and ultrasound alone. When mammography plus ultrasound are insufficient to characterize an abnormality, the gold standard next step is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the breast. However, in patients with contraindications (e.g. certain implantable devices) or who prefer to avoid MRI (claustrophobia, discomfort), use of scintimammography is an acceptable alternative.

Dense breast tissue
Dense breast tissue, also known as dense breasts, is a condition of the breasts where a higher proportion of the breasts are made up of glandular tissue and fibrous tissue than fatty tissue. Around 40–50% of women have dense breast tissue and one of the main medical components of the condition is that mammograms are unable to differentiate tumorous tissue from the surrounding dense tissue. This increases the risk of late diagnosis of breast cancer in women with dense breast tissue. Additionally, women with such tissue have a higher likelihood of developing breast cancer in general, though the reasons for this are poorly understood.
Randy Brock
Randolph D. "Randy" Brock III (born September 28, 1943) is an American politician from the state of Vermont and a member of the Republican Party. He currently serves in the Vermont Senate and is the first African American caucus leader in Vermont. He served as the Vermont Auditor of Accounts from 2005 to 2007 and as a member of the Vermont Senate from 2009 to 2013, and was the Republican nominee for Governor of Vermont in 2012, losing to Democratic incumbent Peter Shumlin. He ran unopposed for the 2016 Republican nomination for Lieutenant Governor of Vermont. In December 2017, Governor Phil Scott announced that he had appointed Brock to the Vermont Senate, filling the vacancy caused by the resignation of Dustin Allard Degree.

Phil Scott
Philip Brian Scott (born August 4, 1958) is an American politician, stock car racer, and businessman who has served since 2017 as the 82nd governor of Vermont. A member of the Republican Party, he was a representative for the Washington District in the Vermont Senate from 2001 to 2011 and the 81st lieutenant governor of Vermont from 2011 to 2017.

Scott was first elected governor of Vermont in the 2016 general election, and was reelected in 2018, 2020, 2022, and 2024. Scott's 2024 margin of victory is the largest in any Vermont gubernatorial election since 1946. As of 2025, Scott is the second-longest serving incumbent governor in the U.S.

One of the nation's most popular governors, Scott is often described as a moderate Republican or a liberal Republican. According to the Cook Partisan Voting Index, Vermont is the most Democratic-leaning U.S. state (D+17).
Jason Gray (government official)
Jason Gray is an American government official who served as acting administrator of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) from January 20 until February 3, 2025, and its chief information officer (CIO) since 2022. He was previously the CIO of the U.S. Department of Education from 2016 to 2022.

Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development
The administrator of the United States Agency for International Development is the head of the United States federal government's Agency for International Development (USAID).

The administrator is officially nominated by the president of the United States and confirmed by the United States Senate. A 2017 reorganization of the US National Security Council placed the USAID administrator as a permanent member on the Deputies Committee.
Kaivalya
Kaivalya (Sanskrit: कैवल्य) is the ultimate goal of aṣṭāṅga yoga and means "solitude", "detachment" or "isolation", a vrddhi-derivation from kevala "alone, isolated". It is the isolation of purusha from prakṛti, and liberation from rebirth, i.e., moksha. Kaivalya-mukti is described in some Upanishads, such as the Muktika and Kaivalya Upanishads, as the most superior form of moksha, which can grant liberation both within this life (as in jīvanmukti), and after death (as in videhamukti).

Jivanmukta
A Jivan Mukta or Jeevan Mukta is someone who, in the Advaita Vedanta philosophy of Hinduism, has gained and assimilated self-knowledge, thus is liberated with an inner sense of freedom while living. The state is the aim of moksha in Advaita Vedanta, Yoga and other schools of Hinduism, and it is referred to as jivanmukti (Self-realization).

Jivanmukti contrasts with the concept of videhamukti; the latter means "liberation or emancipation after death, in afterlife".
Asia Media Group
Asia Media Group Berhad (MYX: 0159) is a broadcasting, advertising and digital media company in Malaysia. It operates the country's Largest Transit-TV Network. The company provides infotainment and advertising services such as program sponsorships and video advertising using digital electronic displays installed in various indoor and outdoor premises. Asia Media also provides entertainment services, including local news, sports, health, entertainment, and documentary content.

As of April 2012, its network included:

3,993 screens on board the Malaysian Public Transportation System (Certified by the Malaysian Book of Records)

Bursa Malaysia
Bursa Malaysia (MYX or MSX; lit. 'Malaysian Bourse'  or 'Malaysia Exchange') is the stock exchange in Malaysia. It is one of the largest bourses in ASEAN. It is based in Kuala Lumpur and was previously known as the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). It provides full integration of transactions, offering a wide range of currency exchange and related services, including trading, settlement, clearing and savings services.

Along with the Securities Commission of Malaysia, the stock exchange regulates the capital market in Malaysia and, through its facilities, upholds the duty to manage and maintain order in the trading of stocks, bonds and derivatives.
2023 London Athletics Meet
The 2023 London Athletics Meet, also known as London Diamond League, was the 70th edition of the annual outdoor track and field meeting held in London. Held on 23 July at London Stadium, it was the tenth leg of the 2023 Diamond League – the highest level international track and field circuit.

The meeting was highlighted by Gudaf Tsegay beating Sifan Hassan over 5000 metres, with Alicia Monson setting the American record in tow. Over 50,000 people were in attendance, among the highest of any athletics meeting in 2023.

2023 Diamond League
The 2023 Diamond League was the 14th season of the annual series of outdoor track and field meetings, organised by World Athletics. The number of Diamond Discipline events is 32, and the series ended with a single final at the Prefontaine Classic, the first time the Diamond League finals were hosted in the United States. Each meeting hosted a number of Diamond Discipline events according to allocation, most of which were broadcast in a two-hour TV window.
Te Matuku Marine Reserve
Te Matuku Marine Reserve is a marine reserve administered by the New Zealand Department of Conservation. It includes Te Matuku Bay, one of the largest and least disturbed estuaries on Waiheke Island, as well as a surrounding area of sea. It covers an area of 690 ha (1,700 acres) and was established in 2003.

The bay and marine reserve are named after the now-rare matuku or Australasian bittern.

Marine reserves of New Zealand
New Zealand has 44 marine reserves (as of August 2020) that are spread around the North, the South Island, and neighbouring islands, and on outlying island groups. They are governed by the Marine Reserves Act 1971 and administered by the Department of Conservation with assistance from the Ministry for Primary Industries (formally the Ministry of Fisheries), New Zealand Customs Service and the New Zealand Defence Forces.
Presbyterian Church of Pakistan
The Presbyterian Church of Pakistan (PHC) is the second largest Protestant denomination in Pakistan. It was formed in 1993 by the merger of the United Presbyterian Church of Pakistan (1855–1993) and the Council of Churches of Lahore. The church is administered from Lahore.

As of 2025, the church has around 500,000 members, 220 congregations, 208 pastors, and 24 presbyteries, making it the largest Presbyterian denomination in the country and second largest Protestant denomination after the Church of Pakistan.

Church of Pakistan
The Church of Pakistan is a united Protestant church in Pakistan founded in 1970; it holds membership in the Anglican Communion, the World Communion of Reformed Churches, and the World Methodist Council. The Church of Pakistan claims 1,900,000 members.
1st Regiment of Life Guards
The 1st Regiment of Life Guards was a cavalry regiment in the British Army, part of the Household Cavalry. It was formed in 1788 by the union of the 1st Troop of Horse Guards and 1st Troop of Horse Grenadier Guards. In 1922, it was amalgamated with the 2nd Life Guards to form the Life Guards.

Horse Grenadier Guards
The Horse Grenadier Guards, usually referred to as Horse Grenadiers, were a series of cavalry troops in the British Household Cavalry between 1687 and 1788, who used grenades and other explosives in battle. Originally attached to the Horse Guards, they became independent for a century before being disbanded. However, the men of the troops formed the basis of the new troops of Life Guards.
Kongo-Wara rebellion
The Kongo-Wara rebellion, also known as the War of the Hoe Handle and the Baya War, was a rural, anticolonial rebellion in the former colonies of French Equatorial Africa and French Cameroon which began as a result of recruitment of the native population in railway construction and rubber tapping. It was a large colonial uprising but also among the least well-known uprisings during the interwar period. Much of the conflict took place in what is now part of the Central African Republic.

French Equatorial Africa
French Equatorial Africa (French: Afrique équatoriale française, or  AEF) was a federation of French colonial territories in Equatorial Africa which consisted of Gabon, French Congo, Ubangi-Shari, and Chad. It existed from 1910 to 1958 and its administration was based in Brazzaville.
Rockingham railway station, Perth
Rockingham railway station is a railway station in Rockingham, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. It is on the Mandurah railway line, which is part of the Transperth commuter rail network. It has two side platforms, linked by a pedestrian overpass accessed by stairs, a lift, and escalators. Services run every 10 minutes during peak, and every 15 minutes between peak. The journey to Perth railway station is 43.2 kilometres (26.8 mi), and takes 34 minutes. The journey to Mandurah railway station is 27.6 kilometres (17.1 mi), and takes 17 minutes. The station has a bus interchange with twelve bus stands, and 14 regular bus routes.

The station opened on 23 December 2007, along with the rest of the Mandurah line.

Perth railway station
Perth railway station is the largest station on the Transperth network, serving the central business district of Perth, Western Australia. It serves as an interchange between the Airport, Armadale, Ellenbrook, Fremantle, Midland, and Thornlie–Cockburn lines as well as Transwa's Australind service. It is also directly connected to Perth Underground railway station, which has the Yanchep and Mandurah lines.
Agustín Pichot
Agustín Pichot (born 22 August 1974) is an Argentine retired rugby union player, formerly captain of the Argentine team and the English club Bristol. In addition to Bristol, he played for French sides Stade Français and Racing Métro after leaving Argentine team CASI from San Isidro in 1997. In 2011, he was inducted into the IRB Hall of Fame. He was Vice-Chairman of World Rugby between 2016 and 2020.

World Rugby Hall of Fame
The World Rugby Hall of Fame (formerly the IRB Hall of Fame) recognises special achievement and contribution to the sport of rugby union. The World Rugby Hall of Fame covers players, coaches, administrators, match officials, institutions and other individuals. The Hall of Fame recognises the history and important contributions to the game, through one or more induction ceremonies that have been held annually except in 2010. The permanent physical home of the Hall of Fame was based at the Rugby Art Gallery, Museum & Library in Rugby, Warwickshire from 2016 until 2021.
12th Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party
The 12th Secretariat, formally the Secretariat of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was nominated by the 12th Politburo Standing Committee and approved by the 1st Plenary Session of the 12th Central Committee on 13 September 1982, in the aftermath of the 12th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). This electoral term was preceded by the 11th Secretariat and succeeded by the 13th in 1987.

12th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 12th Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, formally the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was elected by the 1st plenary session of the 12th Central Committee in 1982, in the aftermath of the 12th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It was preceded by the CCP's 11th Politburo Standing Committee  and was succeeded by the 13th in 1987.