hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Del Tredici
David Walter Del Tredici (March 16, 1937 – November 18, 2023) was an American composer. He won a Pulitzer Prize for Music and was a Guggenheim and Woodrow Wilson fellow. Del Tredici is considered a pioneer of the neo-romantic movement. He was also described by the Los Angeles Times as "one of our most flamboyant outsider composers".

Institute for Citizens and Scholars
The Institute for Citizens and Scholars (formerly known as the Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation) is a nonpartisan, non-profit institution based in Princeton, New Jersey that says it aims to strengthen American democracy by "cultivating the talent, ideas, and networks that develop lifelong, effective citizens". It administers programs and fellowships that support civic education and engagement, leadership development, and organizational capacity in education and democracy.

In June 2020, the Board of Trustees of the foundation voted unanimously to remove Woodrow Wilson from its name, citing his racist policies and beliefs. In November 2020, the organization was renamed the Institute for Citizens and Scholars.
Tell Hazna
Tell Hazna (also Tell Khazna) is an archaeological site located in al-Hasakah, Syria in the Khabur river basin to the northeast of Al-Hasakah, inhabited during the Early Dynastic I–II Periods, and Uruk and Ubaid periods. It is located 14 km (8.7 mi) west of the ancient site of Tell Brak and 25 km (16 mi) south of the ancient site of Chagar Bazar. It has two subsites, Tell Hazna I and Tell Hazna II. The small archaeological sites of Tell Nurek and Tell Diba are located within 1.5 km (0.93 mi).

Not to be confused with the Tell Khazna site in Iraq.

Ubaid period
The Ubaid period (c. 5500–3700 BC) is a prehistoric period of Mesopotamia. The name derives from Tell al-'Ubaid where the earliest large excavation of Ubaid period material was conducted initially in 1919 by Henry Hall, Leonard Woolley in 1922–1923, and later by Pinhas Delougaz in 1937. Excavations continue into the present day.

In Southern Mesopotamia, this period marks the earliest known human settlements on the alluvial plain, although it is likely earlier periods exist that are obscured under the alluvium. In the south it has a very long duration between about 5500 and 3800 BC when it is replaced by the Uruk period.

In Northern Mesopotamia the period runs only between about 5300 and 4300 BC. It is preceded by the Halaf period and the Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period and succeeded by the Late Chalcolithic period.
Sidney S. Wade
Sidney Scott Wade (September 30, 1909 – November 24, 2002) was a highly decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps who attained the rank of major general. He is most noted as commanding general of all Marine forces during 1958 Lebanon crisis and previously as commanding officer of the 1st Marine Regiment during Korean War. Wade later served as commanding general of the Force Troops, Fleet Marine Force Atlantic and MCRD San Diego.

Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic
The Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic (FMFLANT) is an American maritime landing force that is spread across the Atlantic Ocean.  It is headquartered at Naval Station Norfolk and directs and commands all the subordinate elements of the Navy Expeditionary Strike Force and Marine Air-Ground Task Force components that follow under the 2nd, 4th, and 6th Fleet and the Marine Forces Command (MarForCom).  The Commanding General of Marine Forces Command is dual-posted as the Commanding General of the Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic. FMFLANT is under operational control of the Commander-in-Chief, United States Fleet Forces Command, when deployed.
Kōbun (period)
The Kōbun period  is a chronological timeframe during the Asuka period of Japanese history. The Kōbun period describes a span of years which were considered to have begun in the 1332nd year of the imperial dynasty.

This periodization is consistent with the short reign of Emperor Kōbun, which is traditionally considered to have been from 672 through 673.

Shuchō
Shuchō (朱鳥), alternatively read as Suchō or Akamitori, was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō, "year name") after a gap following Hakuchi (650–654) and before another gap lasting until Taihō (701–704). This Shuchō period briefly spanned a period of mere months, June through September 686.  The reigning sovereigns were Tenmu-tennō (天武天皇) and Jitō-tennō (持統天皇).
Ferdinand Kingsley
Ferdinand James M. Kingsley (born 13 February 1988) is a British actor. He is known for portraying the roles of Hamza Bey in the film Dracula Untold (2014), Mr. Francatelli in the television series Victoria (2016–2019), Irving Thalberg in the film Mank (2020), Hob Gadling in the Netflix adaptation of The Sandman (2022), and the mysterious villain A.M. in Reacher on Amazon Prime Video (2023).

Charles Elmé Francatelli
Charles Elmé Francatelli (1805 – 10 August 1876) was a British chef, known for four cookery books popular in the Victorian era, including The Modern Cook. He trained in Paris under  Antonin Carême and became one of London's best-known chefs, succeeding Louis Eustache Ude at  Crockford's Club and following Alexis Soyer at the Reform Club. In the early 1840s he was head chef to Queen Victoria. In addition to cooking for the upper classes, Francatelli tried to help the poorer members of society to feed their families, and he published A Plain Cookery Book for the Working Classes in 1852, containing recipes with inexpensive ingredients.
Paul Gleghorne
Paul Gleghorne (born 11 April 1987) is an Ireland men's field hockey international. He was a member of the Ireland team that won the bronze medal at the 2015 Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship.  He also represented Ireland at the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup. At club level, he has won the Men's Irish Hockey League with Lisnagarvey. Gleghorne comes from a family of field hockey internationals. His older brother, Mark, has played for Ireland, England and Great Britain. Two of his aunts, Margaret Gleghorne and Jackie McWilliams, were also Ireland and Great Britain women's internationals.

Men's Irish Hockey League
The Men's Irish Hockey League is a field hockey league organised by Hockey Ireland that features men's teams from both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The league was first played for during the 2008–09 season. It replaced the All-Ireland Club Championships as the top level men's field hockey competition in Ireland. Since 2015–16 the league has been sponsored by Ernst & Young and, as a result, it is also known as the EY Hockey League.
Rosmarinic acid
Rosmarinic acid, named after rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.), is a polyphenol constituent of many  culinary herbs, including rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus L.), perilla (Perilla frutescens L.), sage (Salvia officinalis L.), mint (Mentha arvense L.), and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).

Basil
Basil (Ocimum basilicum), also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints). It is a tender plant, and is used in cuisines worldwide. In Western cuisine, the generic term "basil" refers to the variety also known as Genovese basil or sweet basil. Basil is native to tropical regions from Central Africa to Southeast Asia. In temperate climates basil is treated as an annual plant, but it can be grown as a short-lived perennial or biennial in warmer horticultural zones with tropical or Mediterranean climates.

There are many varieties of basil including sweet basil, Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora), and Mrs. Burns' Lemon (O. basilicum var. citriodora). O. basilicum can cross-pollinate with other species of the Ocimum genus, producing hybrids such as lemon basil (O. × africanum) and African blue basil (O. × kilimandscharicum).
Ric Savage
Frank Huguelet (born June 5, 1969) is an American retired professional wrestler, better known by his ring name "Heavy Metal" Ric Savage. He was the host of Savage Family Diggers, a reality treasure hunting show airing on Spike TV. He also conducts haunted "ghost tours" in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

Huguelet wrestled across the eastern seaboard of the U.S. from 1990 until 1997. While spending much of his career in the independent circuits, he also wrestled for the National Wrestling Alliance, United States Wrestling Association, Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and National Championship Wrestling.

NWA Wildside
NWA Wildside was an American independent professional wrestling promotion based in Cornelia, Georgia, with an office in Atlanta, Georgia, operating between September 1999 and April 2005. It was originally formed when National Championship Wrestling merged with NWA Georgia. While in operation, NWA Wildside was one of the main affiliates of the National Wrestling Alliance, a group that dates back to 1948. It also served as a developmental territory for World Championship Wrestling.
Ernie Roberts
Ernest Alfred Cecil Roberts (20 April 1912 – 28 August 1994) was a British Labour Party politician. He was Assistant General Secretary of the Amalgamated Union of Engineering Workers, was a co-founder of the Anti-Nazi League in 1977, and was the MP for Hackney North and Stoke Newington from 1979 to 1987.

Amalgamated Engineering Union
The Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU) was a major British trade union. It merged with the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union to form the Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union in 1992.
Brad Heald
Brad Heald (born 3 March 1983) is an Australian musician. Heald was the bass guitarist in the Australian garage rock band The Vines and lead guitarist of Sydney band Red Riders; and is currently the bass player of Angus Stone's project, Dope Lemon. He also has played with Australian indie-punk bands Dune Rats and Skegss.

Angus Stone
Angus John Stone (born 27 April 1986) is an Australian musician, singer-songwriter and record producer. He is one half of the musical sibling duo Angus & Julia Stone, with whom he has released five studio albums. His debut solo album, Smoking Gun, was released in April 2009 under the pseudonym Lady of the Sunshine, and reached the top 50 on the ARIA Albums Chart. His second solo album, Broken Brights, was released under his name on 13 July 2012 and peaked at number 2. Stone currently records under the moniker of Dope Lemon.
MannKind Corporation
MannKind Corporation is a biopharmaceutical company focusing on the discovery, development, and commercialization of therapeutic products for diseases such as diabetes and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Based in Danbury, Connecticut, the company was founded in February 1991.

MannKind Corporation was named after its founder, Alfred E. Mann.

Danbury, Connecticut
Danbury (/ˈdænbɛri/ DAN-berr-ee) is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States, located approximately 50 miles (80 km) northeast of New York City. Danbury's population as of 2020 was 86,518. It is the third-largest city in Western Connecticut, and the seventh-largest city in Connecticut. Located within the heart of the Housatonic Valley region, the city is a historic commercial hub of western Connecticut, home to many commuters and summer residents from the New York metropolitan area and New England.

Danbury is nicknamed the "Hat City", because it was once the center of the American hat industry, during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The mineral danburite is named after Danbury, while the city itself is named for Danbury in Essex, England.

Danbury is home to Danbury Hospital, Western Connecticut State University, Danbury Fair Mall, and Danbury Municipal Airport.
Burton-cum-Walden
Burton-cum-Walden is a civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, in the Yorkshire Dales National Park.  It had a population of 303 according to the 2011 census.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Richmondshire, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

The parish boundary is defined by the slopes of the Walden Beck valley (sometimes known as Waldendale). The western boundary runs from the outskirts of Aysgarth over Naughtberry Hill to Buckden Pike. The eastern boundary runs from the A684 over the top of Penhill and Harland Hill towards Buckden Pike. The parish includes the village of West Burton and the hamlets of Walden and Walden Head.

Walden, North Yorkshire
Walden is a dale and hamlet in the Yorkshire Dales, North Yorkshire, England.  The dale is a side dale of Wensleydale, sometimes known as Waldendale or Walden Dale to distinguish it from the hamlet.  The hamlet lies 2 miles (4 km) south of West Burton at the mouth of the dale. The smaller hamlet of Walden Head lies at the head of the dale, 1 mile (2 km) south of Walden.

The name Walden, first recorded in 1270, comes from the Old English wala denu, meaning "valley of the Welshmen".
Emma Jensen
Emma Jensen (born 25 November 1977) is a former rugby union player for New Zealand and Auckland. She was a member of three successful Rugby World Cup campaigns in 2002, 2006, and 2010. She also competed at the 2014 World Cup.

2002 Women's Rugby World Cup
The 2002 Women's Rugby World Cup was the second World Cup fully sanctioned by the sports governing body the International Rugby Board (IRB). The tournament was held in Barcelona, Spain. The format was the same as the previous tournament and again 16 nations competed.

For the first time a pre-tournament qualification match took place to decide Asia's second representative but other than that all competitors took part by invitation. 14 of the 16 teams taking part were the same as in 1998 but two lowest ranked European teams (Sweden and Russia) were replaced by teams from Asia (Japan) and Oceania (Samoa).

The competition was won by defending champions, New Zealand.
Sam Lek of Donwun
Smin Sam Lek (Mon: သ္ငီသံလှေက်, Burmese: သမိန်သံလိုက်, Burmese pronunciation: [θəmèiɴ θàɴ laiʔ]; also spelled Thamein Than Laik; c.1340s – 1388) was viceroy of Donwun for the Hanthawaddy kingdom from 1370/71 to 1388. Sam Lek was appointed to the office by King Binnya U of Hanthawaddy after he had recaptured Donwun, the ancestral home of the dynasty, for the king.

Sam Lek proved a key loyal vassal until U's death in 1384. He refused to submit to U's eldest son and successor Razadarit, who had raised a rebellion against U in 1383–1384. Sam Lek remained defiant until he died in action in 1388.

Burmese names
Burmese names (Burmese: မြန်မာ အမည်) lack the serial structure of most Western names. Like other Mainland Southeast Asian people (except Vietnamese), the people of Myanmar have no customary matronymic or patronymic naming system and no tradition of surnames. Although other Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia introduced the use of surnames or patronyms in the early 20th century, Myanmar never introduced the use of surnames and lacks surnames in the modern day. Instead, Burmese names use an honorific prefix to reflect the person's stage in life and position in society.
Kunwar Indrajit Singh
Kunwar Indrajit Singh (Nepali: कुँवर इन्द्रजीत सिंह; 1906 – 4 October 1982), popularly known as Dr. K.I. Singh or just K.I. Singh was a Nepali politician and revolutionary who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Nepal in 1957. He was a key member of the Nepali Congress for his role in organizing the 1951 Nepali Revolution, and was a leader in its militant wing, the Muktisena, and later refused to recognize the Delhi Accord and was forced to flee the country following a revolt he took part in. In 1955 he returned and formed the United Democratic Party, and following the installation of the Panchayat system he fought for its end, for which he was jailed. Following his release, he went into self-imposed exile, but eventually returned to Nepal and was elected a member to the Rastriya Panchayat. He became known as the "Robin Hood of the Himalayas", becoming an incredibly popular figure throughout the country.

Prime Minister of Nepal
The prime minister of Nepal (Nepali: नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री, romanized: Nēpālakō pradhānamantrī) is the head of government of Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. The prime minister leads the Council of Ministers and holds the chief executive authority in the country. The prime minister must command majority support and maintain the confidence of the Pratinidhi Sabha to remain in office. If the prime minister loses this support, they are required to resign.

The official residence of the prime minister is located in Baluwatar, Kathmandu. The seat of the prime minister's office has been at Singha Darbar since Chandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana's reign (1901–1929).

The sitting prime minister ranks third in the order of precedence in Nepal.

Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli resigned on September 9, 2025, following the Gen Z protests. During the interim, Sushila Karki has been serving as prime minister since September 12, 2025.
Visakha FC
Visakha Football Club (Khmer: ក្លឹបបាល់ទាត់វិសាខា, Klœ̆b Băltoăt Vĭsakha) is a professional football club based in Phnom Penh. Founded in 2016, it competes in the Cambodian Premier League. Visakha has won 3 consecutive Hun Sen Cups since 2020, and qualified for the play-off round of 2021 and the 2022 AFC Cup. Its women's section plays in the Cambodian Women's League.

Hun Sen Cup
The Hun Sen Cup (Khmer: ពានរង្វាន់សម្តេចហ៊ុន សែន) is a Cambodian knockout football cup competition held annually by the Football Federation of Cambodia (FFC). Thirty-four teams participated in the competition as of 2023–24 season, including all clubs from the Cambodian Premier League and some from the Cambodian League 2. The cup usually starts from February and ends in November, the winner qualifies for the Cambodian Super Cup.

Preah Khan Reach Svay Rieng have won a record five titles. The current holders are Phnom Penh Crown, who beat the record holder Svay Rieng 2–1 in the 2025 final to win their third title.
Bob Davidson (rugby union)
Robert Alfred Lewars Davidson (1926–1992) was an Australian rugby union footballer of the 1940s and 50s. A State and national representative prop-forward he made thirteen Test appearances and forty-nine additional tour match appearances for the Wallabies, captaining the national side in six Tests matches from 1957-58.

New South Wales Waratahs
The New South Wales Waratahs (/ˈwɒrətɑːz/ or /ˌwɒrəˈtɑːz/;), often referred to as the Waratahs, are an Australian professional rugby union team based in Sydney that represents the majority of New South Wales in the Super Rugby Pacific competition. The Waratahs play their home games at the new Sydney Football Stadium.
Rangarajan Kumaramangalam
Phanindranath Rangarajan Kumaramangalam (12 May 1952 – 23 August 2000) was a prominent politician of the Indian National Congress and later the Bharatiya Janata Party and a Member of parliament, Lok Sabha from the Salem constituency from 1984 to 1996 and Tiruchirapalli constituency from 1998 to 2000. He served as the Minister of State for Law, Justice and Company Affairs in the P. V. Narasimha Rao government from July 1991 to December 1993 and as the Union Minister for Power in the Vajpayee government from 1998 to 2000. He was the grandson of former Chief Minister of Madras, P. Subbarayan and the nephew of former Indian Chief of Army, General P. P. Kumaramangalam.

Salem district
Salem district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. The district is now divided into Dharmapuri, Krishnagiri, Namakkal as individual districts. Salem is the district headquarters and other major towns in the district include Mettur, Tharamangalam, Thammampatti, Attur, Omalur, Sangagiri and Edappadi. That Salem dates to at least two thousand years ago is evident from the discovery of silver coins from the Roman Emperor Nero (37–68 CE) found by Koneripatti of Salem in 1987. It was ruled by Mazhavar King Kolli Mazhavan and kings Adhiyaman and Valvil Ori of Sangam age. It is part of Mazhanadu, a vast region that dates to the second century BCE. Salem was the largest district of Tamil Nadu. It was bifurcated into Salem and Dharmapuri districts in 1965 and Namakkal district in 1997. Now Salem has been developed a lot by building many bridges and is considered to be the Smart city. Salem is famous for cultivating mangoes.
4786 Tatianina
4786 Tatianina, provisional designation 1985 PE2, is a bright background asteroid and synchronous binary system from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.4 kilometers (2.1 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 13 August 1985, by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula. It was named after Tatiana Somova, a friend of the discoverer. The E-/Xc-subtype has a short rotation period of 2.9 hours. Its sub-kilometer minor-planet moon was discovered on 20 March 2006 and announced the following month.

Minor-planet moon
A minor-planet moon is an astronomical object that orbits a minor planet as its natural satellite. As of January 2022, there are 457 minor planets known or suspected to have moons. Discoveries of minor-planet moons (and binary objects, in general) are important because the determination of their orbits provides estimates on the mass and density of the primary, allowing insights into their physical properties that are generally not otherwise accessible.

Several of the moons are quite large compared to their primaries: 90 Antiope, Mors–Somnus and Sila–Nunam (95%), Patroclus–Menoetius, Altjira and Lempo–Hiisi (90%, with Lempo–Paha at 50%). The largest known minor-planet moon in absolute size is Pluto's moon Charon, which has about half the diameter of Pluto.

There are also several known ring systems around distant objects (see: Rings of Chariklo and Chiron).
Moshe Greenwald
Moshe Greenwald (1853–1910), also spelled Grunwald, a rabbi in Hungary at the end of the 19th century. He was the rabbi of Chust, Hungary and progenitor of the Pupa Hasidic dynasty through his son Yaakov Yechezkiya. He was also the author of Arugas Habosem, a book of responsa covering halakhic issues.

Khust
Khust is a city located on the Khustets River in Zakarpattia Oblast, western Ukraine. It is near the сonfluence of the Tisa and Rika Rivers. It serves as the administrative center of Khust Raion. Population: 28,039 (2022 estimate).

Khust was the capital of the short-lived republic of Carpatho-Ukraine.
Daniel J. Drucker
Daniel Joshua Drucker (born 23 June 1956) is a Canadian endocrinologist renowned for his breakthrough discoveries of the biological actions of glucagon-like peptides GLP-1 and GLP-2, including GLP-1's key role in stimulating glucose-dependent insulin secretion, reducing food intake, protecting the heart, and reducing systemic inflammation. His scientific research has been a driving force in GLP-1's journey from a newly discovered peptide sequence to the mechanism behind globally used and life-changing therapeutics for type 2 diabetes and obesity. It has also driven transformative new therapeutics for intestinal failure and other metabolic disorders. A Fellow of the Royal Society, and laureate of the 2023 Wolf Prize in Medicine, he is a University Professor of Medicine at the University of Toronto and Senior Investigator at the Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health, Toronto.

GLP-1 receptor agonist
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, also known as GLP-1 agonists, GLP-1RAs, GLP-1 analogs, or incretin mimetics, are a class of medications that activate the GLP-1 receptor, causing reduced blood sugar, reduced appetite, and reduced energy intake. Originally developed to treat type 2 diabetes, some GLP-1 agonists have been approved to treat obesity. They mimic the actions of the endogenous incretin hormone GLP-1, which is released in the small intestine and can inhibit glucagon release and increase insulin secretion.

GLP-1 receptor agonists are used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, and are under study for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome, and diseases of the reward system, such as addictions.