hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nigrinian
Marcus Aurelius Nigrinianus, known in English as Nigrinian (d. 284/285) was a grandson of Roman emperor Carus who died young and was deified by Carus' eldest son Carinus. He was the last family member of an emperor to be deified posthumously.

Carinus
Marcus Aurelius Carinus (died 285) was Roman Emperor from 283 to 285. The eldest son of the Emperor Carus, he was first appointed Caesar in late 282, then given the title of Augustus in early 283, and made co-emperor of the western part of the Empire by his father. Official accounts of his character and career, which portray him as dissolute and incompetent, have been filtered through the propaganda of his successful opponent Diocletian.
Pickup (1951 film)
Pickup is a 1951 American film noir released by Columbia Pictures and starring Hugo Haas, Beverly Michaels, Allan Nixon and Howland Chamberlain. Written and directed by Haas, a Czech actor and filmmaker, it was his American debut behind the camera and the first of a series of gloomy films about doomed middle-aged men led astray by younger femmes fatales.

The film is based on the 1926 novel Guard No. 47 by Josef Kopta, and its plot is similar to that of the 1946 film The Postman Always Rings Twice, although with a different ending.

The Postman Always Rings Twice (1946 film)
The Postman Always Rings Twice is a 1946 American film noir directed by Tay Garnett and starring Lana Turner, John Garfield, and Cecil Kellaway. It is based on the 1934 novel of the same name by James M. Cain. This adaptation of the novel also features Hume Cronyn, Leon Ames and Audrey Totter. The musical score was written by George Bassman and Erich Zeisl (the latter uncredited).

This version was the third filming of The Postman Always Rings Twice, but the first under the novel's original title and the first in English. Previously, the novel had been filmed as Le Dernier Tournant (The Last Turning) in France in 1939 and as Ossessione (Obsession) in Italy in 1943.
Ali al-Akbar ibn Hasan
Sayyid Ali al-Akbar ibn al-Hasan (Arabic: سید علي الأكبر بن الحسن, romanized: Sayyid ʿAlī al-Akbar ibn al-Ḥasan) was a Sunni Muslim saint, and according to some historians of genealogy the second son of Imam Hasan al-Askari, the eleventh Imam of the Ahlul-Bayt.

Sayyid Ali al-Akbar is venerated in Sunni and Shiite Islam as the patriarch of various Sufi Saints.

Ahl al-Bayt
Ahl al-Bayt (Arabic: أهل البيت, lit. 'people of the house') refers to the family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. In Sunni Islam, the term has also been extended to all descendants of the Banu Hashim (Muhammad's clan) and even to all Muslims. In Shia Islam, the term is limited to Muhammad, his daughter Fatima, his cousin and son-in-law Ali, and their two sons, Ḥasan and Ḥusayn. A common Sunni view adds the wives of Muhammad to these five.

While all Muslims revere the Ahl al-Bayt, Shia Muslims assert that members of the Ahl al-Bayt are spiritual successors to Muhammad, possessing divine knowledge and infallibility. The Twelver Shiʿa also believe in the redemptive power of the pain and martyrdom endured by the members of the Ahl al-Bayt, particularly Husayn. Sunni Muslims, who do not believe in spiritual succession to Muhammad, only hold the Ahl al-Bayt in high regard.
Eternit
Eternit is a registered trademark for a brand of fibre cement currently owned by the Belgian company Etex. Fibre is often applied in building and construction materials, mainly in roofing and facade products.

Fibre cement
Fibre cement is a composite building and construction material, used mainly in roofing and facade products because of its strength and durability. One common use is in fiber cement siding on buildings.
Cagayan North International Airport
Cagayan North International Airport (Ilocano: Sangalubongan a Pagpatayaban ti Amianan nga Cagayan, Filipino: Paliparang Pandaigdig ng Hilagang Cagayan; IATA: LLC, ICAO: RPLH), sometimes referred as Lal-lo International Airport, is an airport serving the general area of the Cagayan Special Economic Zone, located in the northern province of Cagayan, Philippines. It is located between the Barangays of San Mariano and Dagupan in Lal-lo, Cagayan and is accessible via Magapit–Santa Teresita Road. The airport has been built to support the Cagayan Special Economic Zone in northern Cagayan, in tandem with Port Irene that will handle seaborne traffic. The airport is currently served by the charter airline Royal Air Philippines.

Cagayan Special Economic Zone
The Cagayan Economic Zone Authority (CEZA) is a government-owned and controlled corporation (GOCC) responsible for managing and supervising the development of the Cagayan Special Economic Zone and Freeport (CSEZFP) in the Philippines.

Its creation and operation are mandated by Republic Act No. 7922, also known as the "Cagayan Special Economic Zone Act of 1995," signed into law by President Fidel V. Ramos. The Act was authored by former Senator Juan Ponce Enrile, a native of Gonzaga, Cagayan. CEZA is the first economic zone in the Philippines to host financial technology companies in the emerging fintech industry, having issued the first batch of FTSOVC certificates to three locators.
Nicolaas Waterboer
Nic(h)olaas Waterboer (c. 1819 - 17 September 1896) was a leader ("Kaptijn") of the Griqua people.

He was the last fully independent Griqua Kaptijn of Griqualand West, and after it became a British colony, his rule and that of his successors was largely nominal.

Griqua people
The Griquas are a subgroup of mixed-race heterogeneous formerly Afrikaans-speaking nations in South Africa with a unique origin in the early history of the Dutch Cape Colony. Like the Boers, they migrated inland from the Cape and in the 19th century established several states in what is now South Africa and Namibia. The Griqua consider themselves South Africa’s first multiracial nation with people descended directly from Dutch settlers in the Cape, and local peoples.
Gallium arsenide antimonide
Gallium arsenide antimonide, also known as gallium antimonide arsenide or GaAsSb (GaAs(1-x)Sbx), is a ternary III-V semiconductor compound; x indicates the fractions of arsenic and antimony in the alloy. GaAsSb refers generally to any composition of the alloy. It is an alloy of gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium antimonide (GaSb).

Gallium antimonide
Gallium antimonide (GaSb) is a semiconducting compound of gallium and antimony of the III-V family. It has a room temperature lattice constant of about 0.610 nm. It has a room temperature direct bandgap of approximately 0.73 eV.
Andrew Woolfolk
Andrew Paul Woolfolk II (October 11, 1950 – April 24, 2022) was an American saxophonist. Woolfolk  was a longtime member of the band Earth, Wind & Fire from 1973 to 1985, and from 1987 to 1993. He also collaborated with artists such as Deniece Williams, Stanley Turrentine, Phil Collins, Twennynine, Philip Bailey, and Level 42.

Stanley Turrentine
Stanley William Turrentine, nicknamed Mr. T (April 5, 1934 – September 12, 2000) was an American Grammy nominated jazz tenor saxophonist and record producer. He began his career playing R&B for Earl Bostic and later soul jazz recording for the Blue Note label from 1960, touching on jazz fusion during a stint on CTI in the 1970s. He was described by critic Steve Huey as "renowned for his distinctively thick, rippling tone [and] earthy grounding in the blues." In the 1960s Turrentine was married to organist Shirley Scott, with whom he frequently recorded, and he was the younger brother of trumpeter Tommy Turrentine, with whom he also recorded.
Maurice Holzmann
Sir Maurice Holzmann, KCB, KCVO, ISO (born Moritz Holzmann; 28 January 1835 – 1 April 1909) was a German-born member of the British royal household who served Edward VII (as Prince of Wales and King) for 45 years. He was also a keen mountaineer actively involved with the Alpine Club.

Imperial Service Order
The Imperial Service Order was established by King Edward VII in August 1902. It was awarded on retirement to the administration and clerical staff of the Civil Service throughout the British Empire for long and meritorious service. Normally a person must have served for 25 years to become eligible, but this might be shortened to 16 years for those serving in unhealthy climates abroad. There is one class: Companion. Both men and women are eligible, and recipients of this order are entitled to use the post-nominal letters 'ISO'.
Hadrian Road Metro station
Hadrian Road is a Tyne and Wear Metro station, serving the town of Wallsend, North Tyneside in Tyne and Wear, England. It joined the network on 14 November 1982, following the opening of the fourth phase of the network, between Tynemouth and St James via Wallsend.

Wallsend Metro station
Wallsend is a Tyne and Wear Metro station, serving the town of Wallsend, North Tyneside in Tyne and Wear, England. It joined the network on 14 November 1982, following the opening of the fourth phase of the network, between Tynemouth and St James via Wallsend.
Apache ZooKeeper
Apache ZooKeeper is an open-source server for highly reliable distributed coordination of cloud applications. It is a project of the Apache Software Foundation.

ZooKeeper is essentially a service for distributed systems offering a hierarchical key-value store, which is used to provide a distributed configuration service, synchronization service, and naming registry for large distributed systems (see Use cases). ZooKeeper was a sub-project of Hadoop but is now a top-level Apache project in its own right.

Configuration management
Configuration management (CM) is a management process for establishing and maintaining consistency of a product's performance, functional, and physical attributes with its requirements, design, and operational information throughout its life. The CM process is widely used by military engineering organizations to manage changes throughout the system lifecycle of complex systems, such as weapon systems, military vehicles, and information systems. Outside the military, the CM process is also used with IT service management as defined by ITIL, and with other domain models in the civil engineering and other industrial engineering segments such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.
Paharia Express
The 15721 / 15722 Paharia Express is an express train connecting Indian cities Siliguri and Digha. This is the first direct train service originating from New Jalpaiguri (Siliguri) to Digha. This train connects North and South of West Bengal touching Bihar and West Bengal state capital Kolkata. This train runs on the Kolkata–Siliguri route.

The meaning of word "Paharia" is The people of the hills.

This train was inaugurated by the then Railway Minister India and now Chief Minister of West Bengal, Mamata Banerjee on 5 October 2009.

Digha railway station
Digha  is a terminal railway station on the Tamluk–Digha branch line and is located in Purba Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.  It serves Digha sea-side area. The railway station is near New Digha beach.
Claude Buckle
Claude Henry Buckle R.I., Royal Society for Marine Artists (R.S.M.A.)  (10 October 1905 – 9 August 1973) was an English painter well known for railway posters, carriage prints and for oil and watercolour paintings.

Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours
The Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours (RI), initially called the New Society of Painters in Water Colours, is one of the societies in the Federation of British Artists, based in the Mall Galleries in London.
Alison Gail Smith
Alison Gail Smith, Lady Hopper FRSB is Professor of Plant Biochemistry in the Department of Plant Sciences at the University of Cambridge, UK. Her research investigates the metabolism of plants, algae and bacteria, in particular vitamin and cofactor biosynthesis.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Biology (FRSB), previously Fellowship of the Society of Biology (FSB), is an award and fellowship granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Biology has adjudged to have made a "prominent contribution to the advancement of the biological sciences, and has gained no less than five years of experience in a position of senior responsibility".
Arisaig railway station
Arisaig railway station serves the village of Arisaig on the west coast of the Highland region of Scotland. This station is on the West Highland Line, measured 32 miles 2 chains (51.5 km) from the former Banavie Junction, near Fort William, between Beasdale and Morar on the way to Mallaig. The westernmost station on the Network Rail network, it is the only one of the four cardinal points of the national network that is not a terminus. ScotRail, who manage the station, operate all services.

Fort William railway station
Fort William railway station serves the town of Fort William, in the Highland region of Scotland. It is on the West Highland line, between Spean Bridge and Banavie, measured 99 miles 37 chains (160.1 km) from Craigendoran Junction, at the southern end of the line near Helensburgh. The station is managed by ScotRail, who operate most services from the station; Caledonian Sleeper and The Jacobite, an excursion operated by West Coast Railways, also use the station.
Carteret baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for members of the Carteret family, both in the Baronetage of England. Both creations are extinct.

The Carteret Baronetcy, of Metesches on the Island of Jersey, was created in the Baronetage of England on 9 May 1645 for Sir George Carteret. For more information on this creation, see Earl Granville.

The Carteret Baronetcy, of St Ouen on the Island of Jersey, was created in the Baronetage of England on 4 June 1670 for Philip Carteret. He was the grandson of Sir Philip de Carteret, whose brother Helier de Carteret, Deputy Governor of Jersey, was the father of Sir George Carteret, 1st Baronet. Sir Philip's grandson, the third Baronet, was a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to Queen Anne. The title became extinct on the third Baronet's death in 1715.

Sir Philip Carteret, 1st Baronet
Sir Philip Carteret, 1st Baronet (1620 – between 1663 and 1675), also known as Philippe de Carteret III, was the 4th Seigneur of Sark. He supported the Royalist (Cavalier) cause during the War of the Three Kingdoms.
How to Have Sex in an Epidemic
How to Have Sex in an Epidemic: One Approach is a 1983 manual by Richard Berkowitz and Michael Callen, under the direction of Joseph Sonnabend, to advise men who have sex with men (MSM) about how to avoid contracting the infecting agent which causes AIDS. It was among the first publications to recommend the use of condoms to prevent the transmission of STDs in men having sex with men, and has even been named, along with Play Fair!, as one of the foundational publications in the advent of modern safe sex.

Men who have sex with men
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are men who engage in sexual activity with other men, regardless of their sexual orientation or sexual identity. The term was created by epidemiologists in the 1990s, to better study and communicate the spread of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV/AIDS between all sexually active males, not strictly those identifying as gay, bisexual, pansexual or various other sexualities, but also for example male prostitutes. The term is often used in medical literature and social research to describe such men as a group. It does not describe any specific kind of sexual activity, and which activities are covered by the term depends on context. The alternative term "males who have sex with males" is sometimes considered more accurate in cases where those described may not be legal adults.
SUSE Studio
SUSE Studio was an online Linux software creation tool by SUSE. Users could develop their own Linux distro, software appliance, or virtual appliance, mainly choosing which applications and packages they want on their "custom" Linux and how it looks.

Users could choose between openSUSE or SUSE Linux Enterprise as a base and pick from a variety of pre-configured images including jeOS, minimal server, GNOME, and KDE desktops.

The SUSE Studio service was shut down on February 15, 2018.

OpenSUSE
openSUSE ( /ˌoʊpənˈsuːzə/) is a free and open-source Linux distribution developed by the openSUSE Project. It is offered in two main variations: Tumbleweed, an upstream rolling release distribution, and Leap, a stable release distribution which is sourced from SUSE Linux Enterprise.

The openSUSE project is sponsored by SUSE of Germany; the company released the first version as SUSE Linux in 1994. Its development was opened up to the community in 2005, which marked the creation of openSUSE. The focus of the developers is on creating a stable and user-friendly RPM-based operating system with a large target group for workstations and servers.

Additionally, the project creates a variety of related tools, such as Agama, Myrlyn, YaST, Open Build Service, openQA, Snapper, Portus, KIWI, and OSEM.
The Big Mo
The Big Mo ("Big Momentum") is behavioral momentum that operates on a large scale.  The concept originally applied to sporting events in the 1960s in the United States, as momentum appeared to have an effect on a team's performance. Successful teams were said to have "The Big Mo" on their side.  This has since extended situations in which momentum is a driving factor, such as during political campaigns, social upheavals, economic cycles, and financial bubbles.

Behavioral momentum
Behavioral momentum is a theory in quantitative analysis of behavior and is a behavioral metaphor based on physical momentum. It describes the general relation between resistance to change (persistence of behavior) and the rate of reinforcement obtained in a given situation.

B. F. Skinner (1938) proposed that all behavior is based on a fundamental unit of behavior called the discriminated operant. The discriminated operant, also known as the three-term contingency, has three components: an antecedent discriminative stimulus, a response, and a reinforcing or punishing consequence. The organism responds in the presence of the stimulus because past responses in the presence of that stimulus have produced reinforcement.
David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead
James Arthur David Hope, Baron Hope of Craighead (born 27 June 1938) is a retired Scottish judge who served as the Lord President of the Court of Session and Lord Justice General, Scotland's most senior judge, and later as first Deputy President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom from 2009 until his retirement in 2013. He had previously been the Second Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. He is the Chief Justice of Abu Dhabi Global Market Courts.

He has published 5 volumes of his diaries, archived his papers at the National Library of Scotland, and been involved in numerous controversies. He continues in private practice as an arbitrator. His other appointments have included Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, and Convenor of the Crossbench peers in the House of Lords.

Lord President of the Court of Session
The Lord President of the Court of Session and Lord Justice General (Scottish Gaelic: Àrd-mhorair Cùirt an t-Seisein) is the most senior judge in Scotland, the head of the judiciary, and the presiding judge of the College of Justice, the Court of Session, and the High Court of Justiciary. The Lord President holds the title of Lord Justice General of Scotland and the head of the High Court of Justiciary ex officio, as the two offices were combined in 1836.  The Lord President has authority over any court established under Scots law, except for the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom and the Court of the Lord Lyon.

The current Lord President of the Court of Session is Lord Pentland, who was appointed to the position on 3 February 2025 succeeding Lord Carloway They are paid according to salary group 1.1 of the Judicial Salaries Scale, which in 2016 was £222,862.
Raetia Prima
Raetia Prima was a province of the Roman Empire in Late Antiquity, which was created in the early fourth century AD in Diocletian's Reforms by dividing the province of Raetia. It is possible but not proven that the capital was Curia Raetorum (modern Chur).

Chur
Chur is the capital and largest town of the Swiss canton of the Grisons and lies in the Grisonian Rhine Valley, where the Rhine turns towards the north, in the northern part of the canton. The city, on the right bank of the Rhine, is reputedly the oldest town in Switzerland.

The official language of Chur is German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of Alemannic, known as Grisonian German. Romansh and Italian are significantly spoken in the city as a result of the trilingual identity of the canton.

On 1 January 2020 the former municipality of Maladers merged into Chur and on 1 January 2021 Haldenstein also merged. On 1 January 2025 the former municipality of Tschiertschen-Praden merged into Chur.
11,103 (2022 film)
11,103 is a 2022 Philippine documentary film written and directed by Jeannette Ifurung and Mike Alcazaren. It features interviews of survivors of state-sponsored violence during martial law under Ferdinand Marcos. Produced by journalist Kara Magsanoc-Alikpala, the film premiered in the Philippines on September 21, 2022, timed with the 50th anniversary of the martial law proclamation.

Proclamation No. 1081
Proclamation No. 1081 was the document which contained formal proclamation of martial law in the Philippines by President Ferdinand Marcos, as announced to the public on September 23, 1972.

The proclamation marked the onset of a 14-year period of authoritarian rule, which would include eight years of Martial Law (de jure ending on January 17, 1981, through Proclamation No. 2045), but not de facto: followed by five more years where Marcos retained essentially all of his powers as dictator.

Marcos was eventually ousted on February 25, 1986, as a result of the EDSA People Power Revolution.
Rugeley Rifle Club
Rugeley Rifle Club is a target shooting club in Staffordshire, England, founded in 1900. The club competes in National competitions of the National Small-bore Rifle Association shooting smallbore rifle, 10 metre air rifle and 10 metre air pistol. The club is noted for the number of members who have represented Great Britain, England and Wales. In 2024, it became the first shooting sports club in the UK to be awarded The King's Award for Voluntary Service. Developing from the Rugeley Volunteers, a standalone club was first founded in July 1900. The club folded in 1935 but was reformed around 1950.

Smallbore rifle shooting
Smallbore rifle shooting, sometimes known (particularly in the United Kingdom) as miniature rifle shooting, is a set of disciplines of shooting sports. Smallbore shooting uses smaller-calibre rifles, typically chambered in .22 Long Rifle, at ranges generally of 100 yards (91 m) or shorter. Depending on the range, it can either be conducted indoors or outdoors.

Smallbore shooting is contrasted with fullbore rifle shooting, which uses larger, higher-powered calibres, and is almost universally conducted outdoors.

Historically, smallbore shooting has been most popular in the United Kingdom and the former British Empire, particularly Australia, Canada, South Africa and New Zealand. It is also popular in the United States, and has a substantial following in continental Europe, particularly France, Germany and Switzerland. It forms part of the Olympic and Paralympic Games, and has a world championships hosted by the International Shooting Sport Federation.