hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frequency modulation synthesis
Frequency modulation synthesis (or FM synthesis) is a form of sound synthesis whereby the frequency of a waveform is changed by modulating its frequency with a modulator. The (instantaneous) frequency of an oscillator is altered in accordance with the amplitude of a modulating signal.

FM synthesis can create both harmonic and inharmonic sounds. To synthesize harmonic sounds, the modulating signal must have a harmonic relationship to the original carrier signal. As the amount of frequency modulation increases, the sound grows progressively complex. Through the use of modulators with frequencies that are non-integer multiples of the carrier signal (i.e. inharmonic), inharmonic bell-like and percussive spectra can be created.

FM synthesis using analog oscillators may result in pitch instability. However, FM synthesis can also be implemented digitally, which is more stable and became standard practice.

Amplitude
The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplitude (see below), which are all functions of the magnitude of the differences between the variable's extreme values. In older texts, the phase of a periodic function is sometimes called the amplitude.
Ablabius (historian)
Ablabius (floruit 3rd-5th-century CE) is thought to be either a historian, a geographer or ethnographer, who had written about the Goths, and whose work is cited by the influential 6th century historian of the Goths, Jordanes. Since Jordanes himself states that he based his own work on recollections of reading a work on Gothic history, now lost, composed by Cassiodorus, Ablabius has traditionally been thought of as a source also for the latter work, though this view has met with considerable scepticism.

Cassiodorus
Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator (c. 485 – c. 585), commonly known as Cassiodorus (/ˌkæsioʊˈdɔːrəs/), was a Roman statesman, scholar, and writer who served in the administration of Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths. Senator was part of his surname, not his rank. In his later years, he devoted himself to Christian learning and founded the Vivarium monastery, where he worked extensively during the final decades of his life.
Heavy Object
Heavy Object (Japanese: ヘヴィーオブジェクト, Hepburn: Hevī Obujekuto) is a Japanese light novel series written by Kazuma Kamachi and illustrated by Ryō Nagi. ASCII Media Works published the series in twenty volumes from 2009 to 2021 under their Dengeki Bunko label. It has received three manga adaptations. A 24-episode anime television series adaptation produced by J.C.Staff (with 3DCG provided by Sanzigen) aired from October 2015 to March 2016.

J.C.Staff
J.C.Staff Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社ジェー・シー・スタッフ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Jē Shī Sutaffu) is a Japanese animation studio founded in January 1986 by Tomoyuki Miyata, who previously worked at Tatsunoko Production. The studio's first release was  Yōtōden in 1987. They have produced several well-known anime series, such as Aria the Scarlet Ammo, Azumanga Daioh, Bakuman, the A Certain Magical Index franchise (including Railgun and Accelerator), Date A Live III, The Disastrous Life of Saiki K., Edens Zero, The Familiar of Zero, Fairy Tail: 100 Years Quest, Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma, Golden Time, Is It Wrong to Try to Pick Up Girls in a Dungeon?, Maid Sama!, Mewkledreamy, One-Punch Man season 2 and 3, Revolutionary Girl Utena, Slayers, Shakugan no Shana, The Pet Girl of Sakurasou, and Toradora!.
2014 Canadian Championship
The 2014 Canadian Championship (officially the Amway Canadian Championship for sponsorship reasons) was a soccer tournament hosted and organized by the Canadian Soccer Association that took place in the cities of Edmonton, Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto and Vancouver in 2014. For the first time in the history of the tournament, the Ottawa Fury FC participated in addition to FC Edmonton, Montreal Impact, Toronto FC and Vancouver Whitecaps FC. The winner, Montreal Impact, was awarded the Voyageurs Cup and became Canada's entry into the Group stage of the 2014–15 CONCACAF Champions League. It was the seventh edition of the annual Canadian Championship.

2014–15 CONCACAF Champions League
The 2014–15 CONCACAF Champions League (officially the 2014–15 Scotiabank CONCACAF Champions League for sponsorship reasons starting from 2015) was the 7th edition of the CONCACAF Champions League under its current name, and overall the 50th edition of the premier football club competition organized by CONCACAF, the regional governing body of North America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

In the final, Mexican team América defeated Canadian team Montreal Impact 5–3 on aggregate to win their sixth CONCACAF club title (and their first during the CONCACAF Champions League era), tying the record of the most CONCACAF club title with Cruz Azul (who were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the group stage). This edition's final marked the first time a Canadian team took part. As the winners of the 2014–15 CONCACAF Champions League, América earned the right to represent CONCACAF at the 2015 FIFA Club World Cup.
Casanate
Casanate, is a village in Álamos Municipality in the Mexican state of Sonora, in northwestern Mexico. It is 48.5 kilometers south southeast of Álamos and 26.7 kilometers Northwest of El Fuerte, in Sinaloa. It lies on the left bank of the Rio Cuchujaqui at an elevation of 140 meters.  Its population at the time of its last census was 69 persons, 37 males and 32 females.

El Fuerte, Sinaloa
El Fuerte (Spanish: [el ˈfweɾte] ⓘ) is a city and El Fuerte Municipality its surrounding municipality in the northwestern Mexican state of Sinaloa. The city population reported in the 2010 census was 12,566 people.

El Fuerte, meaning "The Fort", was given a Pueblo Mágico ("Magical Town") touristic label in 2009, due to its many attractions, its historical importance and its appealing small-town colonial aura.
Bobby Boyd
Robert Dean Boyd (December 3, 1937 – August 28, 2017) was an American professional football player in the National Football League (NFL). Boyd spent his entire nine-year career as a cornerback for the Baltimore Colts from 1960 to 1968. He played college football for the Oklahoma Sooners.

When Boyd retired, he was one of eight players with 50 or more interceptions in NFL history, and was then-ranked third all-time in NFL career interceptions. Boyd is one of only three players with 50 or more interceptions who played less than ten years in the NFL. As of 2026, Boyd is tied with four other players at 13th all-time in NFL career interceptions.

Boyd was one of three cornerbacks selected for the NFL 1960s All-Decade Team. Despite having more career interceptions than all other cornerbacks on the team, Boyd is the only member from that group not in the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

NFL 1960s All-Decade Team
This is a list of National Football League (NFL) players who had outstanding performances throughout the 1960s and have been compiled together into this fantasy group. The team was selected by voters of the Pro Football Hall of Fame at the end of the decade. Players that also made the National Football League 1970s All-Decade Team were Bob Lilly, Dick Butkus, Merlin Olsen, Larry Wilson, and Jim Bakken.
1970 South Australian state election
State elections were held in South Australia on 30 May 1970. All 47 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly were up for election. The incumbent Liberal and Country League led by Premier of South Australia Steele Hall was defeated by the Australian Labor Party led by Leader of the Opposition Don Dunstan.

Premier of South Australia
The Premier of South Australia is the head of government in the Australian state of South Australia. The Government of South Australia follows the Westminster system, with the Parliament of South Australia acting as the legislature. The Premier is appointed by the Governor of South Australia, and by modern convention holds office by virtue of their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the House of Assembly.

Peter Malinauskas is the current Premier, having served since 21 March 2022. Thomas Playford IV is the longest serving Premier, and the longest serving head of government in Australian history, serving for over 26 years from 1938 until 1965, holding on to power thanks the Playmander.
Shunya Suganuma
Shunya Suganuma (菅沼 駿哉, Suganuma Shun'ya; born 17 May 1990) is a Japanese professional footballer who currently plays as a centre back for Thai League 2 club Khon Kaen United.

Suganuma previously had spells with Roasso Kumamoto, Júbilo Iwata, Kyoto Sanga,  Montedio Yamagata and Gamba Osaka in Japan.

Júbilo Iwata
Júbilo Iwata (Japanese: ジュビロ磐田, Hepburn: Jubiro Iwata) is a Japanese professional football team based in Iwata, located in Shizuoka Prefecture. The club competes in J2 League following relegation from J1 League in 2024.
Sutton Lifeboat Station
Sutton Lifeboat Station was located at Sutton-on-Sea, a village approximately 13 miles (21 km) north of Skegness, on the east coast of Lincolnshire.

A lifeboat was first stationed at Sutton-on-Sea by the Lincolnshire Coast Shipwreck Association (LCSA) in 1844, although it was preceded by a station at Huttoft from 1835. Management of the station was transferred to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) in 1864.

With only a small number of launches and few lives saved over the last 25 years, Sutton Lifeboat Station was closed in 1913.

Sutton-on-Sea
Sutton-on-Sea (originally Sutton in the Marsh or Sutton le Marsh) is a seaside town in the civil parish of Mablethorpe and Sutton, in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England, beside a long sandy beach along the Lincolnshire Coast and north sea. The southern part of the town is known as Sandilands and nearby is also Trusthorpe.
Decorations of the Romanian Royal House
The Decorations of the Romanian Royal House are a reward for conspicuous and special merits of the recipients for the Romanian state and the Romanian Royal House.

After the Fundamental Rules of the Royal House of Romania were signed in 2007, King Michael I, who abdicated in 1947 under communist pressure, reinstituted the Order of Carol I and the Order of the Crown, and he also instituted two decorations and two medals. After the death of King Michael I in 2017, his eldest daughter, Her Majesty Margareta, Custodian of the Romanian Crown, the new Head of the Royal House of Romania, instituted one Family Order and one medal.

The orders, decorations and medals currently awarded are:

The Order of Carol I

The Order of the Crown

The Family Order, decorations and medals listed below

Order of the Crown of Romania
The Order of the Crown of Romania is a chivalric order set up on 14 March 1881 by King Carol I of Romania to commemorate the establishment of the Kingdom of Romania. It was awarded as a state order until the end of the Romanian monarchy in 1947. It was revived on 30 December 2011 as a dynastic order.
Al-Bara' ibn Malik
Al-Barāʾ ibn Mālik al-Anṣārī (Arabic: البراء بن مالك الأنصاري; died c. 641) was one of the Sahaba (companions of Muhammad), an Ansar belonging to the Banū al-Najjār branch of the Banu Khazraj. He was the brother of Anas ibn Malik.

He was most known for his participations in the Ridda Wars against Musaylima and Muslim conquest of Persia. He died around 641-642 of wounds he received during his siege in Shushtar against the Sasanian Empire.

Al-Barā has become a role model of conducting Jihad by later era Islamic communities.

Musaylima
Musaylima (Full name: Muslima ibn Habib al-Hanafi) (Arabic: مُسَيْلِمَةُ), d.632, was a claimant of prophethood from the Banu Hanifa tribe. Based from Diriyah in present day Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, he claimed to be a prophet and was an enemy of Islam in 7th-century Arabia. He was a leader of the enemies of Islam during the Ridda wars. He is considered by Muslims to be a false prophet (نبي كاذب). He is commonly called Musaylima al-Kadhāb (مسيلمة الكذاب, 'Musaylima the Arch-Liar') by Muslims. Musaylima was said to have composed in saj', a type of rhymed prose that was common in pre-Islamic artistic speech.
Giants Netball Academy
GIANTS Netball Academy is an Australian netball team that represents Netball New South Wales in the Australian Netball League. The team was originally formed in 2016 as a partnership between Netball ACT, Netball New South Wales and Giants Netball. Between 2017 and 2019 they played in the ANL  as Canberra GIANTS. They were grand finalists in 2018. In 2019, Netball ACT and Giants Netball ended their partnership and the latter relaunched the team as the Giants  Netball Academy. Netball ACT subsequently formed a new ANL team, Capital Darters.

Netball Australian Capital Territory
Netball Australian Capital Territory is the governing body for netball in the Australian Capital Territory. It is affiliated to Netball Australia. It is responsible for organizing and managing the association's representative teams including Capital Darters, who compete in the Australian Netball Championships and The Capital Spirit, who compete in Netball NSW Premier League. It is also responsible for organizing and managing the HCF State League as well as other leagues and competitions for junior and youth teams. Its headquarters are based at the SolarHub ACT Netball Centre in Lyneham, Australian Capital Territory. It was originally founded in the early 1940s as the ACT Women's Basketball Association and was initially affiliated to the New South Wales Women's Basketball Association. In 1975 it became affiliated directly to the All Australia Netball Association.
Taungurung
The Taungurung people, also spelled Daung Wurrung, are Aboriginal people who are one of the Kulin nations in present-day Victoria, Australia. They consist of nine clans whose traditional language is the Taungurung language.

Their Country is to the north of the Great Dividing Range in the watersheds of the Broken, Delatite, Coliban, Goulburn and Campaspe Rivers. They lived to the north of, and were closely associated with, the Woiwurrung speaking Wurundjeri people.

They were also known by white settlers as the Devil's River Tribe or Goulburn River Tribe.

Campaspe River
The Campaspe River, an inland intermittent river of the north–central catchment, part of the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the lower Riverina bioregion and Central Highlands and Wimmera regions of the Australian state of Victoria. The headwaters of the Campaspe River rise on the northern slopes of the Great Dividing Range and descend to flow north into the Murray River, Australia's longest river, near Echuca.
Los Angeles Crusade (1949)
The Los Angeles Crusade of 1949 was the first great evangelistic campaign of Billy Graham. It was organized by the Christian group Christ for Greater Los Angeles. The campaign was scheduled for three weeks, but it was extended to eight weeks. During the campaign Graham spoke to 350,000 people, by the end, 3,000 of them decided to convert to Christianity. It was subsequently described as the greatest revival since the time of Billy Sunday. After this crusade Graham became a national figure in the United States.

Revival meeting
A revival meeting is a series of Christian religious services held to inspire active members of a church body to gain new converts and to call sinners to repent. Those who lead revival services are known as revivalists (or evangelists). Nineteenth-century Baptist preacher Charles Spurgeon said, "Many blessings may come to the unconverted in consequence of a revival among Christians, but the revival itself has to do only with those who already possess spiritual life." These meetings are usually conducted by churches or missionary organizations throughout the world. Notable historic revival meetings were conducted in the United States by evangelist Billy Sunday and in Wales by evangelist Evan Roberts. Revival services occur in local churches, brush arbor revivals, tent revivals, and camp meetings.
All Men Are Brothers (film)
All Men Are Brothers (蕩寇誌), also known as Seven Soldiers of Kung Fu, is a 1975 Hong Kong wuxia film adapted from the 14th-century classical novel Water Margin, focusing on the Liangshan outlaws' campaign against Fang La's forces after they have been granted amnesty. The film was produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio and directed by Chang Cheh and Wu Ma.

108 Heroes
The 108 Heroes are the main characters of the Ming dynasty classic Chinese novel the Water Margin, which was written in the 14th century and usually attributed to Shi Nai'an. The heroes are divided into the 36 Heavenly Spirits and 72 Earthly Fiends, groups that are based on a belief in Daoism that Ursa Major has 36 Heavenly stars and 72 Earthly stars. The 108 Heroes represent 108 demonic generals who were banished by Shangdi, a supreme god in Chinese folk religion. Having repented since their banishment, the stars are released from imprisonment by accident, and are reborn in the world as 108 heroes who band together for the cause of justice. The bulk of the novel describes the lives of these men and women and how they came to come together in Mount Liang to rebel against the evil forces controlling the court of the Song dynasty.
John Shakespeare
John Shakespeare (c. 1531 – 7 September 1601) was an English businessman who was the father of William Shakespeare. Active in Stratford-upon-Avon, he was a glover and whittawer (leather worker) by trade. Shakespeare was elected to several municipal offices, serving as an alderman and culminating in a term as bailiff, the chief magistrate of the town council, and mayor of Stratford in 1568, before he fell on hard times for reasons unknown. His fortunes later revived and he was granted a coat of arms five years before his death, probably at the instigation and expense of his son, the actor and playwright.

He married Mary Arden, with whom he had eight children, five of whom survived into adulthood.

Bailiff
A bailiff is a manager, overseer or custodian – a legal officer to whom some degree of authority or jurisdiction is given. There are different kinds, and their offices and scope of duties vary.

Another official sometimes referred to as a bailiff was the Vogt. In the Holy Roman Empire a similar function was performed by the Amtmann. They are mostly known for being the officer that keeps the order in a court of law and who also administers oaths to people who participate in court proceedings.
Steve Johnson (Colorado politician)
Steve Johnson (born April 21, 1960) is an American former politician. He was a county commissioner of Larimer County, Colorado, and a Republican member of the Colorado Senate. From 2003 to 2009, Johnson represented the 15th Senate district, encompassing rural Larimer County and the cities of Loveland and Estes Park. Previously he was a member of the Colorado House of Representatives from 1997 through 2002.

Larimer County, Colorado
Larimer County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 359,066. The county seat and most populous city is Fort Collins. The county was named for William Larimer, Jr., the founder of Denver. Larimer County comprises the Fort Collins–Loveland metropolitan area. The county is located at the northern end of the Front Range, at the edge of the Colorado Eastern Plains along the border with Wyoming.
Sisters of Saint Andrew
The Sisters of Saint Andrew [RSA], are a Catholic religious congregation of women whose origins dated back to the 13th Century. Founded in Tournai, Belgium, by two sisters who sold off their property and possessions in order to open a hospice for pilgrims and travellers, they received their first formal recognition by Pope Innocent IV in 1249. Obliged to become a monastic order by the conciliar changes wrought by the Council of Trent, the congregation adopted its current charism and constitutions based on Ignatian spirituality in the 19th century.

In 2011, there was 146 Sisters of Saint Andrew across fifteen communities, in Belgium, France, Brazil, Democratic Republic of Congo, and the United Kingdom.

Tournai
Tournai (/tʊərˈneɪ/ toor-NAY, French: [tuʁnɛ] ⓘ; Picard: Tornai; Walloon: Tornè [tɔʀnɛ] ⓘ; Dutch: Doornik [ˈdoːrnɪk] ⓘ, sometimes anglicised in older sources as "Tournay") is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the Province of Hainaut, Belgium. It lies 89 km (55 mi) by road southwest of the centre of Brussels on the river Scheldt, and is part of Eurometropolis Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai, In 2022, the municipality of Tournai had an estimated population of 68,518 people.

Tournai is one of the oldest cities in Belgium and has played an important role in the country's cultural history. It was the first capital of the Frankish Empire, with Clovis I being born here.
Input–output memory management unit
In computing, an input–output memory management unit (IOMMU) is a memory management unit (MMU) connecting a direct-memory-access–capable (DMA-capable) I/O bus to the main memory. Like a traditional MMU, which translates CPU-visible virtual addresses to physical addresses, the IOMMU maps device-visible virtual addresses (also called device addresses or memory mapped I/O addresses in this context) to physical addresses. Some units also provide memory protection from faulty or malicious devices.

An example IOMMU is the graphics address remapping table (GART) used by AGP and PCI Express graphics cards on Intel Architecture and AMD computers.

On the x86 architecture, prior to splitting the functionality of northbridge and southbridge between the CPU and Platform Controller Hub (PCH), I/O virtualization was not performed by the CPU but instead by the chipset.

Memory protection
Memory protection is a way to control memory access rights on a computer, and is a part of most modern instruction set architectures and operating systems.  The main purpose of memory protection is to prevent a process from accessing memory that has not been allocated to it.  This prevents a bug or malware within a process from affecting other processes, or the operating system itself.  Protection may encompass all accesses to a specified area of memory, write accesses, or attempts to execute the contents of the area. An attempt to access unauthorized memory results in a hardware fault, e.g., a segmentation fault, storage violation exception, generally causing abnormal termination of the offending process. Memory protection for computer security includes additional techniques such as address space layout randomization and executable-space protection.
Donna Baker
Donna Marie Baker (born 27 February 1966) is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Baker made her Football Ferns debut in a 0–0 draw with Australia on 28 November 1983 and ended her international career with 35 caps and 7 goals to her credit.

Baker represented New Zealand at the Women's World Cup finals in China in 1991 playing all 3 group games; a 0–3 loss to Denmark, a 0–4 loss to Norway and a 1–4 loss to China.

New Zealand women's national football team
The New Zealand women's national football team represents New Zealand in international football competitions, and is governed by New Zealand Football (NZF). They are nicknamed the Football Ferns.

The New Zealand national team has taken part in the FIFA Women's World Cup six times, making their debut in 1991. New Zealand co-hosted the 2023 World Cup alongside Australia. They have failed to go past the group stage in all occasions.