hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samuel Goldblith
Samuel Abraham Goldblith (May 5, 1919 – December 28, 2001) was an American food scientist. While involved in World War II, he studied malnutrition, and later was involved in food research important for space exploration.

Food science
Food science (or bromatology) is the basic science and applied science of food; its scope overlaps with agricultural science and nutritional science and extends to the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing, informing the development of food technology.

Food science is an interdisciplinary field that integrates concepts from chemistry, physics, physiology, microbiology, and biochemistry. It evolved from early preservation practices such as salting to an organized research-driven field central to modern food production.

Food scientists develop new food products, design processing methods to produce these foods, select packaging materials, conduct shelf life and sensory evaluation studies of products using survey panels or potential consumers, and perform microbiological and chemical testing. Food scientists may study more fundamental phenomena that are directly linked to the production of food products and its properties.
Border Guard Service Institute of Belarus
The Border Guard Service Institute of Belarus (Belarusian: Iнстытут пагранiчнай службы Рэспублікі Беларусь, romanized: Instytut pahraničnaj služby Respubliki Bielaruś) is the educational institution of the Border Guard Service of Belarus.

State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus
The State Border Committee of the Republic of Belarus (Russian: Государственный пограничный комитет Республики Беларусь) is a state security agency that manages the international borders of Belarus. Its armed paramilitary force is known as the Border Guard Service, carrying out committee orders and policy.  The primary tasks of the State Border Committee include: border policy and enhancing border security.

The service covers the borders with Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania and Latvia.
Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Innovation (Morocco)
The Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Innovation (French: Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche scientifique et de l'Innovation) is the Moroccan government body responsible for the strategic oversight of the national academic ecosystem. It regulates public and private universities and coordinates national policies for scientific advancement.

National Center for Scientific and Technical Research
The National Center for Scientific and Technical Research (French: Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique, CNRST) is a Moroccan government agency based in Rabat. Established in 1976 and reorganized by Decree No. 1-01-205 in 2001, it is the primary body responsible for coordinating, promoting, and funding scientific research across the Kingdom's universities and research centers.
Walchensee
Walchensee or Lake Walchen is one of the deepest and largest alpine lakes in Germany, with a maximum depth of 192.3 metres (631 ft) and an area of 16.4 square kilometres (6.3 sq mi). The lake is 75 kilometres (47 mi) south of Munich in the middle of the Bavarian Alps. The entire lake, including the island of Sassau, is within the municipality of Kochel. The lake and island are owned by the Bavarian State. To the east and the south, the lake borders the municipality of Jachenau.

Kochel
Kochel am See (German pronunciation: [ˈkɔxl̩ ʔam ˈzeː], lit. 'Kochel on the Lake') is a municipality and a town in the district of Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen in Bavaria, on the shores of Kochelsee. The municipality consists of the Altjoch, Brunnenbach, Ort, Pessenbach, Pfisterberg, Walchensee and Ried districts.
Evangeline French
Evangeline Frances "Eva" French (Chinese: 馮貴珠; pinyin: Féng Guìzhū) (1869-8 July 1960) was a British Protestant Christian missionary in China. She served with the China Inland Mission (CIM). French was part of the inseparable "trio" of missionaries along with Mildred Cable and her sister Francesca French. The trio is best known for their missionary efforts along remote caravan routes in Central Asia and in the Gobi Desert.

OMF International
OMF International (formerly Overseas Missionary Fellowship and before 1964 the China Inland Mission) is an international and interdenominational Evangelical Christian missionary society with an international centre in Singapore. It was founded in Britain by Hudson Taylor on 25 June 1865.
Osiris Therapeutics
Osiris Therapeutics, Inc. was an American company founded in March 1993 following the identification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by Dr. Arnold Caplan and colleagues at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. Dr. Caplan contributed a license to certain technology and joined Kevin Kimberlin, James S. Burns, a biotech venture capitalist, and Peter Friedli, as lead investor, to launch Osiris, named after the Egyptian god of fertility, resurrection, and the afterlife. Early financing was provided by a number of entities, including Friedli Corporate Finance, Three Arch Bay Health Sciences Fund, and Spencer Trask & Co. By 1994, the state of Maryland provided a loan and equity investment to lure the company from Ohio in 1995.

Mesenchymal stem cell
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), myocytes (muscle cells) and adipocytes (fat cells which give rise to marrow adipose tissue).

The primary function of MSCs is to respond to injury and infection by secreting and recruiting a range of biological factors, as well as modulating inflammatory processes to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. Extensive research interest has led to more than 80,000 peer-reviewed papers on MSCs.
HD 135344
HD 135344 is a young binary star system about 440 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Lupus. The primary star hosts a directly imaged gas giant planet, while the secondary star, also known as SAO 206462, is surrounded by a circumstellar disk of gas with clearly defined spiral arms and has three planet candidates.

Circumstellar disc
A circumstellar disc (or circumstellar disk) is a torus-, pancake- or ring-shaped accretion disk of matter composed of gas, dust, planetesimals, asteroids, or collision fragments in orbit around a star. Around the youngest stars, they are the reservoirs of material out of which planets may form. Around mature stars, they indicate that planetesimal formation has taken place, and around white dwarfs, they indicate that planetary material survived the whole of stellar evolution. Such a disc can manifest itself in various ways.
Military history of Latvia during World War II
After the occupation of Latvia by the USSR in June 1940, much of the previous Latvian army was disbanded and many of its soldiers and officers were arrested and imprisoned or executed. The following year Nazi Germany occupied Latvia during the offensive of Army Group North. The German Einsatzgruppen were aided by a group known as Arajs Kommando in the killing of Latvian Jews as part of the Holocaust. Latvian soldiers fought on both sides of the conflict against their will, and in 1943 180,000 Latvian men were drafted into the  Latvian Legion of the Waffen-SS and other German auxiliary forces.

In the Baltic Offensive of autumn 1944 the Soviet Union recaptured much of its Baltic coastline, leaving 200,000 troops of Army Group North cut off in the Courland Pocket. Formed into Army Group Courland, this force held out until the end of the war in May 1945, when it surrendered to the Soviet forces and the troops were sent to prison camps.

Latvian Legion
The Latvian Legion (Latvian: Latviešu leģions) was a formation of the Nazi German Waffen-SS during World War II. Formed in 1943, it consisted primarily of ethnic Latvian men. The legion initially consisted of two divisions of the Waffen-SS: the 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian), and the 19th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (2nd Latvian). Later in the war, Arajs Kommando was disbanded and some of its members were transferred to the Latvian Legion.

The 15th Division was administratively subordinated to the VI SS Corps, but operationally it was in reserve or at the disposal of the XXXXIII Army Corps, 16th Army, Army Group North. The 19th Division held out in the Courland Pocket until May 1945, the close of World War II, when it was among the last of Nazi Germany's forces to surrender.
No Way Out (2006)
The 2006 No Way Out was the eighth No Way Out professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held exclusively for wrestlers from the promotion's SmackDown! brand division. The event took place on February 19, 2006, at the 1st Mariner Arena in Baltimore, Maryland. The official theme song was "Deadly Game" by Theory of a Deadman.

The main event saw Kurt Angle defend his World Heavyweight Championship against The Undertaker. Angle won the match after reversing a Triangle Choke into a jackknife cover. One of the predominant matches on the card was Randy Orton versus Rey Mysterio for Mysterio's world championship match at WrestleMania 22. Orton won the match with a roll-up while using the ropes for extra leverage. Another primary match on the undercard was Booker T versus Chris Benoit for the WWE United States Championship, which Benoit won after forcing Booker to submit to the Crippler Crossface.

Professional wrestling holds
Professional wrestling holds include a number of set moves and pins used by performers to immobilize their opponents or lead to a submission. This article covers the various pins, stretches and transition holds used in the ring. Some wrestlers use these holds as their finishing maneuvers, often nicknaming them to reflect their character or persona. Moves are listed under general categories whenever possible.
Jiya Shankar
Jiya Shankar is an Indian actress. She is known for playing Dr. Ira Pandey on &TV's comedy drama series Meri Hanikarak Biwi and Susheela Ruhail Solanki on SAB TV's comedy series Kaatelal & Sons. She also appeared in the 2022 Marathi-language film Ved. She played the protagonist in the Colors TV supernatural drama Pishachini.

She has also appeared as a co-host of Good Night India on SAB TV. She also participated in Bigg Boss OTT 2 as a contestant, and was evicted on Day 54, three days before the grand finale.

&TV
&TV, also known as And TV, is a Hindi-language entertainment channel owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises (ZEEL). Launched as a general entertainment channel from ZEEL group, it started broadcasting on 2 March 2015 with internationally in Middle East. On 6 April 2015, &TV launched in UK replace Lamhe. On 1 June 2019, &TV was closed in the UK due to the launch of ZEE5. On 11 November 2024, &TV relaunched in the UK on Samsung TV Plus and Rakuten tv on 10 March 2025.
John de Lancie
John Sherwood de Lancie, Jr. (born March 20, 1948) is an American actor.

De Lancie's first television role was in Captains and the Kings in 1976. His other television series roles include Eugene Bradford in Days of Our Lives (1982–1986; 1989–1990), Frank Simmons in Stargate SG-1 (2001–2002), Donald Margolis in Breaking Bad (2009–2010), Agent Allen Shapiro in Torchwood (2011), the voice of Discord in My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic (2011–2019), as well as Q in various Star Trek series, beginning with Star Trek: The Next Generation in 1987 and leading up to the third season of Star Trek: Strange New Worlds in 2025.

De Lancie became an outspoken secular activist and was a featured speaker at the 2016 Reason Rally and at CSICon 2019.

CSICon
CSICon or CSIConference is an annual skeptical conference typically held in the United States. CSICon is hosted by the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI), which is a program of the Center for Inquiry (CFI). CSI publishes the magazine Skeptical Inquirer.
Benoît Paturel
Benoît Paturel (born 7 December 1994) is a French professional Motocross racer. Paturel was part of the French team that won the 2016 Motocross des Nations.

Paturel has raced in the FIM Motocross World Championship since making two wildcard appearance's in the MX2 class during the 2012 season. His best season's to date have been 2016 and 2017, where in the former of those he managed to finish third in the final standings in the MX2 class.

He was the winner of the 2017 MXGP of Switzerland in the MX2 class.

During the 2025 season, Paturel competed in the American AMA Motocross Championship after not being able to secure a ride in MXGP.

2017 FIM Motocross World Championship
The 2017 FIM Motocross World Championship was the 61st FIM Motocross World Championship season. It included 20 events, starting at Losail in Qatar on 25 February, and ending at Villars-sous-Écot in France on 17 September.
In the main MXGP class, Tim Gajser was the defending champion after taking his first title in 2016. In the MX2 class, Jeffrey Herlings was the 2016 champion, but he moved up to the MXGP class after taking his third MX2 title.
Palm fruit juice
Palm fruit juice or Tal er Rosh, (Bengali: তালের রস) is sweet sap extracted from the fruit of palm trees in summer. It contains vitamins A, B, C, and the elements zinc, calcium, potassium, and iron. It also contains antioxidants. This is a symbolic and well-known food in Bengal in the summer. Numbers of popular Bengali foods are made using this palm fruit juice such as palm candy, pitha, pays, kheer, and taller boora (Bengali: তালের বড়া).

Pitha
Pitha (piṭhā; also called pithe) are a variety of food similar to pancakes, dumplings or fritters, originating from India and Bangladesh. Pitha can be sweet or savoury, and usually made from a dough or batter, which is then steamed, fried or griddled. Very few varieties are oven-baked or boiled, and most are unleavened and cooked on a stovetop (or equivalent). Some versions may have a filling, garnish, or sauce. Few may be set or shaped after cooking. They are typically eaten as a snack with chai, or as treats during special occasions (similar to mithai).

Pitha is especially popular in Bangladesh and the eastern Indian states of Bihar, Uttar Pradesh (eastern parts), West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand, the South Indian state of Kerala, and the Northeast Indian states, especially Assam. Pithas are typically made of rice flour, although there are some types of pitha made of wheat flour. Less common types of pitha are made of palm or ol (a local root vegetable).
Montmorency Lake
Montmorency Lake, or Lac Montmorency, is a fresh water body located in the unorganized territory Lac-Jacques-Cartier, in the La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. It is part of the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve.

Lac Montmorency (altitude: 896 m) is one of the sources of the Montmorency River. In the past, forestry was the main economic activity in the sector. The surface of the lake is generally frozen from mid-November to April; however, the period of safe circulation on the ice is from mid-December to the end of March.

Lac-Jacques-Cartier, Quebec
Lac-Jacques-Cartier (French pronunciation: [lak ʒak kaʁtje]) is a large unorganized territory in the Capitale-Nationale region of Quebec, Canada, in the La Côte-de-Beaupré Regional County Municipality, making up more than 85% of this regional county. It is unpopulated and undeveloped, almost entirely part of the Jacques-Cartier National Park and the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve.

Quebec Route 175 bisects the territory, and passes on the western shore of Jacques-Cartier Lake, after which the territory is named and source of the Jacques-Cartier River.
Emma Smaali
Emma Sabrina Smaali (Arabic: إيما صبرينا سماعلي; born 29 September 2000) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Seconde Ligue club Lens. Born in France, she represents Algeria at international level.

Seconde Ligue
The Seconde Ligue (French pronunciation: [səɡɔ̃d liɡ]) is a professional women's association football league at the second level of the French football league system, and is run by the Ligue féminine de football professionnel (LFFP). Its annual competition features twelve teams playing two series of round-robin matches from September to June. At the end of each season, the top two teams are promoted to the top-level Première Ligue, while the bottom two teams are relegated to the third-tier, semi-professional Division 3 Féminine.
RPCS3
RPCS3 is a free and open-source emulator and debugger for the Sony PlayStation 3 that runs on Windows, Linux, FreeBSD and macOS operating systems, allowing PlayStation 3 games and software to be played and debugged on a personal computer. It is in active development, targeting x86-64 and ARM64 CPUs featuring OpenGL and Vulkan as backend renderers.

As of August 2024, nearly 70% of PlayStation 3 games have been classified as "playable", meaning that a significant portion of the native library can be played from start to finish without any major problems.

OpenGL
OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) is a cross-language, cross-platform application programming interface (API) for rendering 2D and 3D vector graphics. The API is typically used to interact with a graphics processing unit (GPU), to achieve hardware-accelerated rendering.

Silicon Graphics, Inc. (SGI) began developing OpenGL in 1991 and released it on June 30, 1992. It is used for a variety of applications, including computer-aided design (CAD), video games, scientific visualization, virtual reality, and flight simulation. Since 2006, OpenGL has been managed by the non-profit technology consortium Khronos Group.
Harrison Mevis
Harrison Mevis (born March 27, 2002), nicknamed "the Thiccer Kicker", is an American professional football placekicker for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Missouri Tigers and began his professional career when he was signed by the Carolina Panthers as an undrafted free agent in 2024.

Missouri Tigers football
The Missouri Tigers football program represents the University of Missouri (often referred to as Mizzou) in college football, the Tigers are members in Southeastern Conference (SEC) of the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).
Albena Denkova
Albena Petrova Denkova (Bulgarian: Албена Петрова Денкова, born 3 December 1974) is a Bulgarian ice dancer. With partner and fiance Maxim Staviski, she is a two-time (2006–2007) World champion, a two-time (2003–2004) European silver medalist, and the 2006 Grand Prix Final champion. Denkova and Staviski are the first Bulgarians to medal at the World Figure Skating Championships.

2006–07 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final
The 2006–07 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final was an elite figure skating competition event held at the Ice Palace in Saint Petersburg, Russia from December 14 through December 17, 2006. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

The Grand Prix Final was the culminating event of the ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating series, which consisted of 2006 Skate America, 2006 Skate Canada International, 2006 Trophée Eric Bompard, 2006 Cup of China, 2006 Cup of Russia, and 2006 NHK Trophy competitions. The top six skaters from each discipline competed in the final.
John Gunby
John Gunby (March 10, 1745 – May 17, 1807) was an American planter and soldier from Somerset County, Maryland, who is considered by many to be "one of the most gallant officers of the Maryland Line under Gen. Smallwood".  He entered service volunteering as a minuteman in 1775 and fought for the American cause until the end earning praise as probably the most brilliant soldier whom Maryland contributed to the War of Independence.  Gunby was also the grandfather of Senator Ephraim King Wilson II.

Somerset County, Maryland
Somerset County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 24,620, making it the second-least populous county in Maryland. The county seat is Princess Anne. The county is part of the Lower Eastern Shore region of the state.

The county was named for Mary, Lady Somerset, the wife of Sir John Somerset and daughter of Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour (c. 1560–1639). She was also the sister of Anne Calvert, Baroness Baltimore (1615–1649), who later lent her name to Anne Arundel County, which was erected in 1650 as the Province of Maryland's third county.

Somerset County is located on the state's Eastern Shore. It is included in the Salisbury, MD-DE Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The University of Maryland Eastern Shore is located in Princess Anne.
Collegiate Church of St. Gertrude, Nivelles
The Collegiate Church of St. Gertrude (French: Collégiale Sainte-Gertrude) is a Roman Catholic collegiate church in Nivelles, Walloon Brabant, Belgium, which was built in the 11th century. It is dedicated to Saint Gertude, the patron saint of cats.

Gertrude of Nivelles
Gertrude of Nivelles, OSB (also spelled Geretrude, Geretrudis, Gertrud; c. 628 – 17 March 659) was an abbess who, with her mother Itta, founded the Abbey of Nivelles, now in Belgium. She is venerated in the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions.
Harper v Canada (AG)
Harper v Canada (AG), [2004] 1 S.C.R. 827, 2004 SCC 33, is a leading decision of the Supreme Court of Canada wherein the Court ruled that Canada Elections Act's spending limits on third party election advertising did violate section 2(b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms but was justified under Section One of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Section 1 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 1 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is the section that confirms that the rights listed in the Charter are guaranteed. The section is also known as the reasonable limits clause  or limitations clause, as it legally allows the government to limit an individual's Charter rights.  This limitation on rights has been used in the last twenty years to prevent a variety of objectionable conduct such as child pornography (e.g., in R v Sharpe), hate speech (e.g., in R v Keegstra), and obscenity (e.g., in R v Butler).

When the government has limited an individual's right, there is an onus upon the Crown to show, on the balance of probabilities, firstly, that the limitation was prescribed by law namely, that the law is attuned to the values of accessibility and intelligibility; and secondly, that it is justified in a free and democratic society, which means that it must have a justifiable purpose and must be proportional.
Side Streets (1934 film)
Side Streets, also known in the UK as A Woman in Her Thirties, is a 1934 American romantic melodrama directed by Alfred E. Green. The film stars Aline MacMahon, Paul Kelly, Ann Dvorak and Dorothy Tree. The screenplay concerns a spinster who hires, then marries, a destitute sailor who is not always faithful.

Ann Dvorak
Ann Dvorak (born Anna McKim; August 2, 1911 – December 10, 1979) was an American stage and film actress.

Asked how to pronounce her adopted surname, she told The Literary Digest in 1936: "My fake name is properly pronounced vor'shack. The D remains silent. I have had quite a time with the name, having been called practically everything from Balzac to Bickelsrock."
Evlogitaria
The Evlogitaria (Greek: Ευλογητάρια, meaning "blessed") are troparia sung after the reading of the Psalter. There are two evlogitaria, one is the "Evlogitaria of the Resurrection", sung at Sunday matins, while another is the "Evlogitaria of the Dead", sung at funerals. The  refrain in English is "Blessed are You, O Lord, teach me your statutes."

Troparion
A troparion (Greek τροπάριον, plural: troparia, τροπάρια; Georgian: ტროპარი, tropari; Church Slavonic: тропа́рь, tropar) in Byzantine music and in the religious music of Eastern Orthodox Christianity is a short hymn of one stanza, or organised in more complex forms as series of stanzas.