hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ulama
In Islam, theʿulamā (US: /ˈuːləmɑː/ OO-lə-mah; also spelt ulema; Arabic: علماء, romanized: ʿulamāʾ; IPA: [ʕu.la.maːʔ]; lit. 'the learned ones'; singular عالم, ʿālim; [ʕaː.lam]), also known as Shuyukh or Mawlawi, are scholars and judges of Islamic doctrine and law. They are considered the guardians, transmitters, interpreters and legislators of religious knowledge in Islam.

"Ulama" may refer broadly to the educated class of such religious scholars, including theologians, canon lawyers (muftis), judges (qadis), professors, and high state religious officials. Alternatively, "ulama" may refer specifically to those holding governmental positions in an Islamic state.

By longstanding tradition, ulama are educated in religious institutions (madrasas). The Quran and sunnah (authentic hadith) are the scriptural sources of  traditional Islamic law.

Qadi
A qadi (/ˈkɑːdi/; Arabic: قاضي, romanized: qāḍī) is the magistrate or judge of a Sharia court, who also exercises extrajudicial functions such as mediation, guardianship over orphans and minors, and supervision and auditing of public works.
Gmina Chełm Śląski
Gmina Chełm Śląski is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bieruń-Lędziny County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Chełm Śląski ("Silesian Chelm"), which lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Bieruń and 21 km (13 mi) south-east of the regional capital Katowice. The gmina also contains the villages of Chełm Mały ("Little Chełm") and Kopciowice.

The gmina covers an area of 23.22 square kilometres (9.0 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 6,326.

Bieruń
Bieruń [ˈbʲɛruɲ] (German: Berun, Silesian: Bieruń) is a town in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland, seat of the Bieruń-Lędziny County in the Silesian Voivodeship. It is located about 25 km (16 mi) south of Katowice.
Aru, Jammu and Kashmir
Aru Valley is a picturesque tourist spot in Kashmir, known for its scenic meadows, pristine lakes, and mountains. Aru, village lies in the Anantnag District of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is  53 km from Anantnag city, the district headquarter. It is located around 12 km from Pahalgam, . Noted for its scenic meadows, lakes and mountains, it is a base camp for trekking to the Kolahoi Glacier, Tarsar Lake, Marsar and Herbaghwan Lake. The village lies on the left bank of the Aru river, which is a tributary of the Lidder river., Jammu & Kashmir’s biggest Fodder Seed Product Station is also located in the Aru village.Aru Valley in winter offers a picturesque setting for various activities, including skiing, snowboarding, and trekking. The valley transforms into a winter wonderland with snow-covered meadows and mountains, making it ideal for photography and enjoying the serene landscape.

Kolahoi Peak
Kolahoi Peak (locally called 'Gashe-braed' meaning Illuminated Cat) is a mountain with peak elevation of 5,425 metres (17,799 ft) located in Lidder Valley, Jammu and Kashmir. Kolahoi Peak is easily accessible through Aru Pahalgam. The mountain is the highest mountain in Kashmir Division. Kolahoi Peak is part of the Great Himalayan range, and is located 16 km south of Kashmir.

Kolahoi Peak rises from the Kolahoi Glacier is a pyramid-shaped peak with ice falls and ice fields at its bottom. The rock formation of the peak is extraordinary stable with aretes and ridges.
Alba Riquelme
Alba Lucía Riquelme Valenzuela (born February 5, 1991) is a Paraguayan model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universo Paraguay 2011 and represented her country in the 2011 Miss Universe pageant. She is not related to fellow Paraguayan model, Larissa Riquelme.

Miss Paraguay 2011
The Miss Universo Paraguay 2011 pageant was held on June 23, 2011. Yohana Benítez, Miss Universo Paraguay 2010; Egni Eckert, Miss Mundo Paraguay 2010; and María José Paredes, Miss Internacional Paraguay 2010, crowned her successors Alba Riquelme, Nicole Huber and Stephanía Vázquez at the end of the event. The winners have the right to represent Paraguay in the 3 major international beauty pageants, Miss Universe 2011, Miss World 2011 and Miss International 2011. The pageant was broadcast live on Telefuturo.
Architecture Worth Saving in Onondaga County
Architecture Worth Saving in Onondaga County is a 1964 book that surveyed buildings across Onondaga County, New York, and discussed their historical value. Undertaken by the New York State Council on the Arts, and compiled by a group of professors at the Syracuse University School of Architecture, the book was initially well received by historians and architects who hoped the book would be the first of several profiling buildings with historic and architectural value around the United States. However, the book was out of print by 1975, and many of the buildings listed had been destroyed.

Onondaga County, New York
Onondaga County (/ˌɒnənˈdɑːɡə/ ON-ən-DAH-gə) is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 476,516. The county seat is Syracuse. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Onondaga County is the core of the Syracuse Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Lofoten War Memorial Museum
68°13′52″N 14°33′53″E﻿ / ﻿68.23111°N 14.56472°E﻿ / 68.23111; 14.56472

The Lofoten War Memorial Museum (Norwegian: Lofoten Krigsminnemuseum)  is a World War II museum located in Svolvær, Norway. It focuses on providing informative content about the Second World War, with a particular emphasis on events that took place in the Lofoten area and Northern Norway during the German occupation of Norway (1940–1945).

The non-partisan museum officially opened on June 15, 1996, after a lengthy period of collection and planning by William Hakvaag (born 1948). The previously privately owned museum has been part of Museum Nord since 2010.

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
Caccothryptus
Caccothryptus is a genus of minute marsh-loving beetles in the subfamily Limnichinae. The genus was formally established (circumscribed) by the entomologist David Sharp in 1902, with C. compactus as the type species. In 2014, the entomologists Carles Hernando and Ignacio Ribera published a major revision of the genus, reorganizing it from seven species into twenty species in five species groups, classified mainly by similarities in genital shape. Discoveries in the following years have brought the total number of species up to thirty-four. Due to the relative lack of studies and material on Asian Limnichidae, more species are likely still to be described. Ranging from 2.5 to 5.5 mm in total length, the beetles have ovoid bodies ranging from black to brown in color. Their range extends across Southeast Asia, alongside portions of East Asia and South Asia. They generally live in water-logged dead wood adjacent to small streams.

Limnichidae
Limnichidae, commonly called minute marsh-loving beetles, is a family of beetles belonging to Byrrhoidea. There are at least 30 genera and 350 described species in Limnichidae. They are found worldwide, with the greatest diversity in tropical regions. Most species seem to be associated with water-adjacent habitats, such as riparian and coastal locations, though many species are likely fully terrestrial, with some species being associated with leaf litter and arboreal habitats. Species with known diets feed on moss or algae. The oldest fossils of the family are known from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber from Myanmar.
Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 2013
The Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 2013 (S. 1086) is a bill that would reauthorize the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 to provide block grants to the states to help low-income parents find child care for their children. In addition to reauthorizing the program, it also makes amendments to the law to try to improve it. Some of those improvements include required background checks on grant recipients and annual inspections.

The bill was introduced into the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress.

Authorization bill
An authorization bill is a type of legislation used in the United States to authorize the activities of the various agencies and programs that are part of the federal government of the United States. Authorizing such programs is one of the powers of the United States Congress. Authorizations give those things the legal power to operate and exist. Authorization bills must be passed in both the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate before being signed by the President of the United States in order to become law. They may originate in either chamber of Congress, unlike revenue raising bills, which must originate in the House. They can also be considered at any time during the year.
Norfolk Trained Bands
The Norfolk Trained Bands were a part-time military force in the English county of Norfolk in East Anglia from 1558 until they were reconstituted as the Norfolk Militia in 1662. They were periodically embodied for home defence, for example during the Rising of the North in 1569 and the Armada Crisis of 1588. They campaigned in the Bishops' Wars but saw no active service then or during the English Civil War. However, the Norfolks TBs were an integral part of the government security apparatus during the period of the Commonwealth and Protectorate.

The Protectorate
The Protectorate, officially the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, was the British republic that lasted from 16 December 1653 to 25 May 1659. The kingdoms of  England, Scotland, and Ireland, with their associated territories were joined together in the Commonwealth of England, governed by a Lord Protector, the head of state. It began when Barebone's Parliament was dissolved, and the Instrument of Government appointed Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth. Cromwell died in September 1658 and was succeeded by his son Richard Cromwell.

Richard resigned in May 1659 due to his inability to control either the Army or Parliament. He was replaced by the English Committee of Safety, which dissolved the Third Protectorate Parliament, and reseated the Rump Parliament dismissed by his father in April 1653. This marked the end of the Protectorate, with the Rump acting as the legislature and the English Council of State as the executive.
Michihiro Ogasawara
Michihiro Ogasawara (小笠原 道大, born October 25, 1973, in Mihama-ku, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture, Japan) is a Japanese former professional baseball player.

He had an illustrious career spanning 18 years with the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters, Yomiuri Giants, and the Chunichi Dragons where he won two Japan Series, two MVP awards in both the Pacific and Central leagues; only one of two people to do so and the first to do it in consecutive seasons. He was an NPB All-Star 11 times. He was also a part of the 2006 and 2009 World Baseball Classic winning Japan sides.

Pacific League
The Pacific League (パシフィック・リーグ, Pashifikku Rīgu), or Pa League (パ・リーグ, Pa Rīgu), or the Persol Pacific League (パーソルパシフィック・リーグ, Pāsoruhōrudingusu Pa rīgu), due to sponsorship reasons, is one of the two professional baseball leagues constituting Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan. The winner of the league championship competes against the winner in the Central League for the annual Japan Series. It currently consists of six teams from around Japan.
Rivière du Loup (Bas-Saint-Laurent)
The Rivière du Loup (French pronunciation: [ʁivjɛʁ dy lu]) is a river in eastern Quebec, Canada, which empties on the south shore of Saint Lawrence River at the city of Rivière-du-Loup, which is part of the regional county municipality (RCM) Rivière-du-Loup, in the administrative region of Bas-Saint-Laurent.

There is a hydroelectric plant on the river near the city.

Rivière-du-Loup Regional County Municipality
Rivière-du-Loup (French pronunciation: [ʁivjɛʁ dy lu]) is a regional county municipality in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec, Canada. Its most important city is Rivière-du-Loup, which contains more than half of the population.

Major industries include pulp and paper, other wood products, peat products, mineral products and textiles.

The name comes from the French, "River of the Wolf".
Aziz Sedky
Aziz Sedky (Arabic: عزيز صدقي, IPA: [ʕæˈziːz ˈsedʔi]; 1 July 1920 – 25 January 2008) was an Egyptian politician and engineer. Sedky served as the Prime Minister of Egypt from 16 January 1972 until 26 March 1973. He was nicknamed the "father of Egyptian industry."

Prime Minister of Egypt
The prime minister of Egypt (Arabic: رئيس مجلس الوزراء, romanized: raʾīs majlis al-wuzarāʾ), sometimes referred to as "President of the Government" and Minister-President of Egypt, is the head of the Egyptian government. A direct translation of the Egyptian Arabic-language title is "President of the Council of Ministers".

The prime minister is the holder of the second-highest office in Egypt, after the president of Egypt. The president appoints the prime minister but cannot dismiss them, only request their resignation. The Government of Egypt, including the prime minister, can be dismissed by the House of Representatives. Upon appointment, the prime minister proposes a list of ministers to the president. Decrees and decisions signed by the prime minister, like almost all executive decisions, are subject to the oversight of the administrative court system. Ministers defend the programmes of their ministries to the prime minister, who makes budgetary choices.
Her Tale of Shim Chong
Her Tale of Shim Chong (Korean: 그녀의 심청, romanized: Geunyeoui Simcheong) is a Korean girls' love manhwa series written by Seri and illustrated by Biwan. The manhwa was serialized online via Comico from September, 2017 to March, 2019. The story is a reimagining of the classic Korean novel The Tale of Sim Chong.

Comico (platform)
Comico is a webtoon portal based in Japan that is part of NHN Japan Corporation. NHN Japan first launched its webtoon platform Comico in Japan in 2013. It was then followed by a launch in Taiwan in 2014 and then in Thailand and South Korea in 2016 followed by Indonesia (defunct since September 30, 2019) and Spanish language (defunct since 2019) in 2017. Comico launched its service in Vietnam in April 2020 and in July 2020 launched its English-language service under the name Pocket Comics. Comico has also stated that it will relaunch its Spanish service with the "Pocket Comics" brand later in the future. In 2017, Nielsen Media Research found it to be the second largest website for digital comics in Japan based on the number of users. The Taiwanese version of "Comico" was rebranded to the "Pocket Comics" branding soon after the launch. On January 24, 2022, NHN Japan launched a French-language service for Pocket Comics. That same year, a German-language service was launched.
World Junior Squash Circuit
The World Junior Squash Circuit is the premier level for worldwide competition among under-19 junior squash players organised by the World Squash Federation. Mirroring the PSA and WSA circuits, the World Junior Circuit ranks players and every year is organized the World Junior Squash Championships.

Professional Squash Association
The Professional Squash Association, or simply the PSA, is the governing body for the men's and women's professional squash circuit. The body operates in a similar fashion to the ATP and the WTA for tennis. The PSA's highest professional level, the PSA Squash Tour involves over 250 tournaments annually around the world. Over 1,200 players from five continents and more than 60 countries are registered with the PSA. Rankings are updated weekly based on performances.
University of New Hampshire Wildcat Marching Band
The University of New Hampshire Wildcat Marching Band (UNHWMB or WMB),  is the official marching band of the University of New Hampshire. The WMB plays at home games of the Wildcat football team, typically one away game per season, the Dover and Salem band shows, and various parades across New England.  The band has traditionally had an equal mix of music and non-music majors and claims to have an average GPA consistently above the university's average. The WMB usually marches 90 to 110 members, depending on the year. Its largest roster in the past decade was approximately 125.

In 2001, the WMB was invited to perform for Prince Rainier in Monaco as part of a nine-day tour through Italy and France.

Rainier III, Prince of Monaco
Rainier III (Rainier Louis Henri Maxence Bertrand Grimaldi; 31 May 1923 – 6 April 2005) was Prince of Monaco from 1949 to his death in 2005. Rainier ruled the Principality of Monaco for almost 56 years.

Rainier was born at the Prince's Palace of Monaco, the only son of Hereditary Princess Charlotte and Prince Pierre. During his reign, he was responsible for the transformation of Monaco's economy, shifting from its traditional casino gambling base to its current status as a tax haven and cultural destination. The Prince also coordinated the substantial reforms of Monaco's constitution, which limited the powers of sovereign rule.

Rainier married American film star Grace Kelly in 1956, which generated global media attention. They had three children: Caroline, Albert and Stéphanie. Rainier died in April 2005 from complications relating to a lung infection compromised by years of cigarette smoking; he was succeeded by his son, Albert II.
Baasrode
Baasrode is a village and a subdivision of the municipality of Dendermonde, in East Flanders, Belgium.

Since the Middle Ages, the village economy has been based on riverine traffic on the Scheldt. A boat building industry remained active until 1986, and the village is home to the Scheepvaartmuseum, a museum dedicated to its maritime history. The village church, dedicated to Saint Ursmar, is medieval but has been successively rebuilt during the 18th and 19th centuries.

The sub-municipality of Baasrode includes the village of Baasrode, the village of Vlassenbroek and the hamlet Briel.

Deelgemeente
A deelgemeente (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdeːlɣəˌmeːntə] ⓘ, literally sub-municipality), or section (French pronunciation: [sɛksjɔ̃] ⓘ), is a subdivision of a municipality in Belgium and, until March 2014, in the Netherlands as well.
Nick Sundberg
Nick Sundberg (born July 29, 1987) is an American former professional football player who was a long snapper in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the California Golden Bears before signing with the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL) as an undrafted free agent in 2009. He was also a member of the Baltimore Ravens and Washington Redskins / Football Team of the NFL and the California Redwoods of the United Football League (UFL).

California Golden Bears football
The California Golden Bears football program represents the University of California, Berkeley, in college football as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level. They were previously a member of the Pac-12 Conference. The team plays its home games at California Memorial Stadium and was most recently coached by Justin Wilcox before his firing following the 2025 Big Game. Since beginning of play in 1886, the team has won five NCAA recognized national titles — 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1937 — and 14 conference championships, the last one in 2006. It has also produced what are considered to be two of the oddest and most memorable plays in college football: Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels' fumble recovery at the 1929 Rose Bowl and The Play kickoff return in the 1982 Big Game.
Tempelhofer Feld
Tempelhofer Feld (English: Tempelhof Field) historically was an area in Berlin used for military practice, and as a parade ground of the Berlin garrison. It belonged to the Tempelhofer uplands on the Teltow plateau, in the south of Berlin. Tempelhofer Feld is closely linked to German military and aviation history, as well as German football history. Today it is a developed area, with the exception of the Tempelhofer Feld park on the site of the former Tempelhof Airport.

Military parade
A military parade is a formation of military personnels whose movement is restricted by close-order manoeuvering known as drill or marching. Large military parades are today held on major holidays and military events around the world. Massed parades may also hold a role for propaganda purposes, being used to exhibit the apparent military strength of a country.
Lithops naureeniae
Lithops naureeniae is a species of pebble plant (Lithops), in the family Aizoaceae. It is native to the Northern Cape province of South Africa. The succulent is adapted to the desert climate in which it lives. L. naureeniae was identified in 1980 by Desmond Cole, who became involved in Lithops research in 1947, from a specimen provided to him by Bruce Bayer, curator of the Karoo Botanic Garden, having been collected by Peter V. Bruyns in Namaqualand. It is named after Cole's wife, Naureen Cole. Cole wrote:

I therefore have pleasure in dedicating it to the person who, during the last fifteen years, directly and indirectly, has contributed more to research on and knowledge of the genus Lithops than any other—my wife, Naureen

Lithops
Lithops is a genus of succulent plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are native to southern Africa. They avoid being eaten by herbivores with their camouflage as small stones, and are often known as pebble plants or living stones.

"Lithops" is both the genus name and the common name, and is singular as well as plural. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek words λίθος (líthos) 'stone' and ὄψ (óps) 'face', referring to the stone-like appearance of the plants.
Shlomo Bar-Aba
Shlomo Bar-Aba (Hebrew: שלמה בראבא; born July 11, 1950) is an Israeli comedian, actor, dubber and TV host.
Since 1978 he has been acting in the long-running Israeli entertainment television program Zehu Ze! (That's It!). He also regularly appeared in many Israeli theatres, TV shows, and in film. winner of an Ophir Award for his role in the film "Footnote" and two Television Academy Awards for his roles in the series "Uri and Ella" and the series "Six Zeros".

Awards of the Israeli Television Academy
The Awards of the Israeli Television Academy  (Hebrew: פרסי האקדמיה הישראלית לטלוויזיה) are annual awards for excellence in the Israeli television industry, awarded by the Israeli Academy of Film and Television.