hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
To Age or Not to Age
To Age or Not to Age is a documentary film directed by Robert Kane Pappas with Steven N. Austad, Ph.D., Rev. Nicanor Pier Giorgio Austriaco, O.P., Ph.D., Nir Barzilai, M.D., Troy Duster, Aubrey de Grey, Leonard P. Guarente, Cynthia Kenyon, Tom Kirkwood, Gordon Lithgow, Ph.D., David Sinclair and Christoph Westphal. The screenwriter was Robert Kane Pappas. The film was produced by Miriam Foley and Joseph Zock. The film opened at the Village East Cinema in New York City on July 16, 2010.

Tom Kirkwood
Thomas Burton Loram Kirkwood CBE FMedSci (6 July 1951, Durban, South Africa) is an English biologist who made his contribution to the biology of ageing by proposing the disposable soma theory of aging. He is currently a researcher and Associate Dean for Ageing in Newcastle University and he headed the Institute for Ageing and Health in its school of clinical medical sciences. He is the author of Time of Our Lives: The Science of Human Aging (1999), The End of Age: Why Everything About Aging Is Changing (2001), and co-author of Chance, Development, and Aging (2000, together with Caleb E. Finch).  In 2001 he gave the annual Reith Lectures.

Kirkwood was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2009 New Year Honours.
Pazartsi
Pazartsi is a village in Momchilgrad Municipality, Kardzhali Province, southern Bulgaria. Each September, a local fair known as Dag Bayrama takes place at the base of Stramni Rid Mountain. This event is a traditional gathering celebrated by the local community.

Kardzhali Province
41°39′N 25°22′E﻿ / ﻿41.650°N 25.367°E﻿ / 41.650; 25.367

Kardzhali Province  (Bulgarian: Област Кърджали, romanized: Oblast Kărdžali) is a province of southern Bulgaria, neighbouring Greece with the Greek regional units of Xanthi, Rhodope, and Evros to the south and east. It is 3,209.1 km2 in area. Its main city is Kardzhali. It is Bulgaria's southernmost province.
Sophie Jaques
Sophie Jaques (born October 16, 2000) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defender for the Vancouver Goldeneyes of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). She previously played for the Minnesota Frost where she won two Walter Cups. She was selected tenth overall by PWHL Boston in the 2023 PWHL Draft. Jaques played college ice hockey at Ohio State and won the Patty Kazmaier Award in 2023.

Walter Cup
The Walter Cup (French: La coupe Walter) is a trophy awarded to the winner of the PWHL Finals, an annual best-of-five series that determines the champion of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). It is named in honor of PWHL co-founder Mark Walter and his wife Kimbra. The only team to have won the Cup since its establishment is the Minnesota Frost, with victories in both 2024 and 2025.
Titanic Thompson
Alvin Clarence Thomas (November 30, 1893 – May 19, 1974), better known as Titanic Thompson, was an American gambler, golfer, and hustler, who killed five men but was never charged with a crime.

Thompson traveled the country wagering at cards, dice games, golf, shooting, billiards, horseshoes and proposition bets of his own devising. As an ambidextrous golfer, card player, marksman and pool shark, his skills and reputation were compared to "Merlin himself". Writer Damon Runyon allegedly based the character Sky Masterson, the gambler-hero of "The Idyll of Miss Sarah Brown" (on which the musical Guys and Dolls is based), on Thompson. In 1928, Thompson was involved in a high-stakes poker game that led to the shooting death of New York City crime boss Arnold Rothstein, then called the "crime of the century". The following year he testified in the trial of George McManus, who was charged with Rothstein's murder, but later acquitted.

Proposition bet
In gambling, a proposition bet (prop bet, spot bet, prop, novelty, or a side bet) is a bet made regarding the occurrence or non-occurrence during a game (usually a gambling game) of an event not directly affecting the game's outcome.

Proposition bets in sports are differentiated from the general bets for or against a particular team or regarding the total number of points scored. Traditionally, proposition bets can be made on outcomes such as the number of strikeouts a pitcher will accumulate in a baseball game, whether a non-offensive player will score in an American football game, which team will score the first points of the game, the discipline record of teams in a match, the timing of certain events, the number of specific events per team or in the entire match. Realistically any statistically discrete event contained in a match or game could be bet on.

Fixing part of a match for a certain result in a proposition bet is called spot-fixing.
Bằng Kiều
Nguyễn Bằng Kiều (born 13 July 1973 in Hanoi), is a Vietnamese ballad singer.

He is a former member of bands including Golden Keys, Frangipani, and Watermelon. In 2000, he became 
a solo artist. In 2002, he relocated to America and married female singer Trizzie Phuong Trinh. From 2004 to 2008, his Vietnam citizenship was revoked due to an unresolved dispute. Today, he is one of the exclusive singers of Thuy Nga Center.

He is a tenor. His contemporaries include Lam Truong, Minh Thuan, Phuong Thanh, My Linh, Duong Chi Linh, Quang Linh and Minh Tuyet. In September 2012, he visited Vietnam and was granted allowance perform from October to December 2012 by the Bureau of Art Performance.

Thúy Nga Productions
Thúy Nga Inc. (listenⓘ) (dba Thúy Nga Productions, variously referred to as Thúy Nga Incorporated, Thúy Nga Paris, and Trung Tâm Thúy Nga) is an American entertainment company founded in 1984 in Paris, and currently based in Westminster, California. The private company is known for its Vietnamese-oriented entertainment, such as the variety show and direct-to-video series Paris by Night, and music released as part of the record label Thúy Nga Music.
Una, Himachal Pradesh
Una is a city with Municipal Council and district headquarter in Una district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Una sits on the border with Punjab, Una is one of the gateways to Himachal Pradesh. It lies on the bank of River Swan, a tributary of Sutlej.

The city's terrain is a mix of both hilly and plain areas. In fact, the low hilly terrain gradually flattens to merge with the plains, giving Una a tropical climate which gets quite hot in summer months.

Himachal has 5 Shakti PeethsChintpurni Temple is one of them located in Chintpurni village, about 45 km north of the city.

Chintpurni Temple, Kila Baba Bedi ji and Pong Dam are major tourist attractions of this area.

Palampur is served by the Una Himachal railway station (UNA), NH 503 and NH 503A connects Palampur, nearest airports are Chandigarh Airport and Kangra Airport (IATA: DHM, ICAO: VIGG).

Kangra Airport
Kangra-Gaggal Airport (IATA: DHM, ICAO: VIGG), officially known as Kangra Airport, is a domestic airport serving areas of Kangra including Dharamshala, the winter capital of Himachal Pradesh, India. It is located at Gaggal, which is situated 12 km (7.5 mi) from the city, 8 km (5.0 mi) from Kangra and 14 km (8.7 mi) from Kangra Railway Station. The airport is located on National Highway 154, that runs between Pathankot and Mandi, and is the largest airport in Himachal Pradesh in terms of passengers and aircraft movement, handling around 210,000 passengers and over 3,800 aircraft in FY 2024-25.
Ausbesserungswerk
An Ausbesserungswerk (abbreviation AW or Aw) is a railway facility in German-speaking countries, the primary function of which is the repair (and formerly also the construction) of railway vehicles or their components. It is thus equivalent to a 'repair shop' or 'works'. It is also referred to as a Centralwerkstatt or Zentralwerkstatt (central workshop) or Hauptwerkstatt (main workshop). During the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (DRG) period between the two world wars as well as the period of the Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany these facilities were called Reichsbahnausbesserungswerke (RAW or Raw; Reichsbahn repair shops).

Deutsche Reichsbahn (East Germany)
Deutsche Reichsbahn (DR; German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʁaɪçsˌbaːn], lit. 'German Realm Railways') was the state-owned railways in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) from 1949 and 1990, and the New States after German reunification until 1 January 1994. It was operated by the Ministry for Transport and was the largest employer in East Germany.

The DR was formed from Deutsche Reichsbahn assets in the Soviet occupation zone as a separate entity from the Deutsche Bundesbahn (DB) in West Germany. It was responsible for passenger and freight railway services in East Germany and certain locations in West Berlin. Both DR and DB continued as separate entities in reunified Germany until 1994, when they merged to form Deutsche Bahn.
Brazilian submarine Tikuna
Tikuna (S34) is a Type 209 submarine of the Brazilian Navy. Built in the Brazilian Navy Yard in Rio de Janeiro (AMRJ), it was launched in March 2005 and incorporated into the Brazilian Navy on July 21, 2006, and then transferred to the Naval Operations Command. It is the fourth Brazilian Navy submarine made in Brazil and the largest ever built in the country. The name of this submarine is a tribute to South American indigenous tribe Tikuna inhabiting the region of the Upper Solimões, in the western part of the State of Amazonas.

Type 209 submarine
The Type 209 (German: U-Boot-Klasse 209) is a range of diesel-electric attack submarines developed exclusively for export by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft of Germany. Five class variants (Types 209/1100, 209/1200, 209/1300, 209/1400 and 209/1500), including modifications thereof, have been successfully exported to 15 countries, with 68 submarines being built and commissioned to five variants between 1971 and 2021. More boats have been built to modified designs.

The original variant, the Type 209/1100, was designed in the late 1960s with Greece becoming its first adopter. Turkey is the largest adopter, having purchased 14 submarines consisting of eight Type 209/1400 and six Type 209/1200 submarines. A non-specific variant was adopted by Israel as its first Dolphin class. The Type 209 family is the most widely proliferated submarine in Latin America, having been adopted by seven countries.
Masaji Tabata
Masaji Tabata (Japanese: 田畑政治) (December 1, 1898 – August 25, 1984) was a Japanese educator, journalist, and swimming coach. He was a key figure in Tokyo's successful bid to host the 1964 Summer Olympics. He served as the president of the Japanese Olympic Committee from 1973 to 1977.

Japanese Olympic Committee
The Japanese Olympic Committee (日本オリンピック委員会, Nippon Orinpikku Iinkai; JOC) is the National Olympic Committee in Japan for the Olympic Games movement, based in Tokyo, Japan. It is a non-profit organisation that selects teams and raises funds to send Japanese competitors to Olympic events organised by the International Olympic Committee (IOC).

The Japanese Olympic Committee has helped organise every bid for an Olympic Games by a Japanese city to date. Japan has held the Olympic Games four times: the Summer Olympics twice (1964 Summer Olympic Games and the 2020 Summer Olympics, both in Tokyo) and the Winter Olympics twice (the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo and the 1998 Winter Olympic Games in Nagano).
Taj: Divided by Blood
Taj: Divided by Blood is an Indian period drama streaming television series produced by Contiloe Pictures for ZEE5. The series stars Dharmendra, Naseeruddin Shah, Rahul Bose, Aditi Rao Hydari, Zarina Wahab, Sandhya Mridul, Aashim Gulati and Taaha Shah in primary roles. It is produced by Abhimanyu Singh, Roopali Singh and William Borthwick. 
The first season premiered on ZEE5 on 3 March 2023. The second season, titled Taj: Reign of Revenge, premiered on 12 May 2023.

Taha Shah Badussha
Taha Shah Badussha (born 19 November 1987) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi films. After making his debut with the romantic comedy Luv Ka The End (2011), he appeared in the comedy-drama Gippi (2013). In 2024, Shah earned recognition for his role in the Netflix period drama series Heeramandi.
Schnader Harrison Segal & Lewis
Schnader Harrison Segal & Lewis LLP was a U.S. law firm based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and founded in Philadelphia in 1935 by former Pennsylvania Attorney General William A. Schnader, Bernard G. Segal, a former Deputy Attorney General serving under Schnader, and Francis A. Lewis.  The firm was initially named Schnader & Lewis.  Eventually, Segal was added as a name partner. The fourth name partner, Earl G. Harrison, joined the firm in 1948. When the firm announced its closure it had roughly 90 attorneys in six offices nationwide. On August 3, 2023, the firm announced it would dissolve and permanently cease operations.

Pennsylvania Attorney General
The Pennsylvania attorney general is the chief law enforcement officer of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It became an elected office in 1980. The current attorney general is Republican Dave Sunday.

On August 15, 2016, then-attorney general Kathleen Kane was convicted of criminal charges, including conspiracy, perjury, and obstruction of justice, and announced her resignation the following day, effective August 17. Consequently, as the solicitor general, Bruce Castor assumed the office as acting attorney general. Governor Tom Wolf nominated Bruce Beemer to serve out the remaining balance of Kane's term, which expired in January 2017. Democrat Josh Shapiro succeeded Beemer. Shapiro was elected governor in 2022, and appointed Michelle Henry as his successor in 2023. The Pennsylvania Senate confirmed Henry in her own right later that year.
Ashida River
The Ashida River (芦田川, Ashida-gawa) is a river that flows through the eastern part of Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. The river provides the primary drainage for the Bingo region.

The source of the river is in the city of Mihara, Hiroshima and flows generally east toward Niimi, Okayama. After flowing through the Hattabara and Mikawa Dams in Fuchū, Hiroshima, the river passes through Fukuyama, Hiroshima, where it empties into the Seto Inland Sea.

Mihara, Hiroshima
Mihara (三原市, Mihara-shi) is a city located in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2023, the city had an estimated population of 88,591 in 43253 households and a population density of 190 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 258.14 square kilometres (99.67 sq mi).
Bambanani Mbane
Bambanani Nolufefe Mbane (born 12 March 1990) is a South African soccer player who plays as a defender for SAFA Women's League club Mamelodi Sundowns and the South Africa women's national team.

In 2017 she was the player of the tournament as well as player's player of the tournament at the 2017 Sasol League National Championship.

In 2021 she was the South African Football Journalists' Association women's footballer of the year as well as the 2021 SAFA Women's League player of the season.

In 2022, she was named in the 2022 CAF Women’s Champions League Best XI and the 2022 Women's Africa Cup of Nations Best XI.

In 2023, she was named in the Women's Africa XI announced at the 2023 CAF Awards.

2022 CAF Women's Champions League
The 2022 CAF Women's Champions League was the 2nd edition of the annual African women's association football club tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) held in Morocco from 30 October to 13 November 2022.

Mamelodi Sundowns were the defending champions after claiming the inaugural edition title, but was dethroned after losing 0–4 to AS FAR in the final. With the first title, AS FAR automatically qualified for the group stage of the 2023 edition.
Joseph Harvey Wilson
Joseph Harvey Wilson (October 7, 1810 – September 13, 1884) was Speaker of the North Carolina Senate from 1866 to 1867, and the final presiding officer to hold the title of "Speaker".  He is the grandfather of George Edward Wilson Jr., who served as Mayor of Charlotte from 1929 to 1931.

Mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina
The office of the Mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina is currently held by Democrat Vi Lyles, who took office in December 2017 after defeating Republican Kenny Smith in the November election.

The office was established in 1853, when William F. Davidson was elected to serve as intendant. In 1861, the title was changed from intendant to mayor. Below is a list of people who have served as the mayor of Charlotte.

Charlotte mayors serve two-year terms and elections take place in off-years. The longest-serving mayor is Pat McCrory, who served from 1995 to 2009.
Bolivia at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Bolivia at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany from 1–16 August 1936 was the nation's first appearance out of ten editions of the Summer Olympic Games. Bolivia sent to the 1936 Summer Olympics its first national team of one male athlete, Alberto Conrad, under the auspices of the 
Bolivian Olympic Committee (Spanish: Comité Olímpico Boliviano - COB). Conrad was the flag bearer, and he was a swimmer who competed in the men's 100 meter freestyle, where he was eliminated during the heats. Bolivia would return to the Summer Olympics at the fifteenth edition in 1964, although a team was sent to the 1956 Winter Olympics.

Swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre freestyle
The men's 100 metre freestyle was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics programme. It was the ninth appearance of the event, which had not been featured only at the 1900 Games. The competition was held on Saturday and Sunday, 8 and 9 August 1936. Forty-five swimmers from 23 nations competed. Nations had been limited to three swimmers each since the 1924 Games. The event was won by Ferenc Csik of Hungary, the nation's first victory in the event since 1904 and third overall (second all-time behind the United States with 5). For the second consecutive Games, Japan took two medals in the 100 metre freestyle, this time silver (Masanori Yusa) and bronze (Shigeo Arai). The United States' seven-Games medal streak in the event ended as the nation's best result was sixth place by Peter Fick.
Leslie Arthur Wilcox
Leslie Arthur Wilcox, RI, RSMA (13 March 1904 – 11 January 1982) was an English artist known mainly for his marine works in oils. He was also a watercolourist, illustrator, poster artist, marine model-maker and author. He was for some years Honorary Secretary of the Royal Society of Marine Artists and a member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours. His works are in many collections around the world, including the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, and the Royal Collection. He wrote and illustrated two books on maritime history: Mr Pepys' Navy and Anson's Voyage.

National Maritime Museum
The National Maritime Museum (NMM) is a maritime museum in Greenwich, London. It is part of Royal Museums Greenwich, a network of museums in the Maritime Greenwich World Heritage Site. Like other publicly funded national museums in the United Kingdom, it has no general admission charge; there are admission charges for most side-gallery temporary exhibitions, usually supplemented by many loaned works from other museums.
Gordon Simpson (rugby union)
Gordon Leslie Simpson (born 21 September 1971) is a New Zealand-born rugby union player who played as a loose forward, formerly for Glasgow Caledonians and also representing Scotland. He was known by the nickname "badger" because of his ability to win the ball close to the ground.

Glasgow Warriors
The Glasgow Warriors are a professional rugby union side from Scotland. The team plays in the United Rugby Championship league and in the European Professional Club Rugby tournaments. In the 2014–15 season they won the Pro12 title and became the first Scottish team to win a major trophy in rugby union's professional era. In 2023–24 they became the first Scottish side to win the United Rugby Championship in its current form. The side is known for its fast, dynamic and attacking style of play, using offloads and quick rucks. Defensively the club prides itself on its 'Fortress Scotstoun' where the club play at home.
Apostolic Prefecture of Weihai
The Apostolic Prefecture of Weihai is a Latin Catholic pre-diocesan jurisdiction based in the port city of Weihai, Shandong province, northeastern China.

It is exempt, i.e., directly dependent on the Holy See and its missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Diocese of Yantai
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Yantai/ Chefoo/ Zhifou/ Yentai (Latin: Ientaeven(sis), Chinese: 煙台, 芝罘) is a diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Jinan in eastern China, yet depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Its episcopal seat is in the city of Yantai (Shandong). No statistics are available.
Bill Cole (musician)
William Shadrack Cole is an American jazz musician, ethnomusicologist, professor of music, professor of African-American studies, and author. As All About Jazz jazz journalist Dan McClenaghan put it, "Cole – a rare breed of jazz artist who has focused his efforts on uniting Eastern sounds with the American art form – is a musical seeker who has, over the better part of four decades [since 1974], mastered an array of non-traditional, non-Western [wind] instruments." Cole specializes in the Ghanaian atenteben, the Chinese suona, the Korean hojok and piri, the South Indian nagaswaram, the North Indian shehnai, the Tibetan trumpet, and the Australian didjeridu. Cole has a Ph.D. in ethnomusicology from Wesleyan University. Cole has written two books, one on Miles Davis and one on John Coltrane. Cole is the founder and leader of the Untempered Ensemble.

Nadaswaram
The nadaswaram (Tamil:நாதஸ்வரம்) is a double reed wind instrument from Tamil Nadu. It is used as a traditional classical instrument in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala and in the northern and eastern parts of Sri Lanka.

This instrument is "among the world's loudest non-brass acoustic instruments". It is a wind instrument partially similar to the North Indian shehnai, but much longer, with a hardwood body, and a large flaring bell made of wood or metal.

In South Indian culture, the nadasvaram is considered to be very auspicious, and it is a key musical instrument played in almost all Hindu weddings and temples of the South Indian tradition. It is part of the family of instruments known as mangala vadyam (lit. mangala "auspicious", vadya "instrument"). The instrument is usually played in pairs, and accompanied by a pair of drums called thavil; it can also be accompanied with a drone from a similar oboe, called the ottu.
Morganellaceae
Morganellaceae is a family of Gram-negative bacteria that include some important human pathogens formerly classified as Enterobacteriaceae. This family is a member of the order Enterobacterales in the class Gammaproteobacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. Genera in this family include the type genus Morganella, along with Arsenophonus, Cosenzaea, Moellerella, Photorhabdus, Proteus, Providencia and Xenorhabdus.

The name Morganellaceae is derived from the Latin term Morganella, referring the type genus of the family and the suffix "-aceae", an ending used to denote a family. Together, Morganellaceae refers to a family whose nomenclatural type is the genus Morganella.

Proteus (bacterium)
Proteus is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. Proteus spp. are rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic, and motile bacteria that exhibit swarming motility, allowing them to migrate across solid surfaces at temperatures 20 and 37 °C. Proteus spp. are widely distributed in nature as saprophytes, occurring in decomposing animal matter, sewage, manure-amended soil, and the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. They are opportunistic pathogens, commonly associated with urinary tract and septic infections, often of nosocomial origin
.

The term Proteus signifies changeability of form, as personified in the Homeric poems in Proteus, "the old man of the sea", who tends the sealflocks of Poseidon and has the gift of endless transformation.  The first use of the term “Proteus” in bacteriological nomenclature was made by Hauser (1885), who described under this term three types of organisms which he isolated from putrefied meat.