hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dunlop Cry Baby
The Dunlop Cry Baby is a wah-wah pedal, manufactured by Dunlop Manufacturing, Inc. The name Cry Baby was from the original pedal from which it was copied, the Thomas Organ/Vox Cry Baby wah-wah, first manufactured in 1966. Thomas Organ/Vox failed to register the name as a trademark, leaving it open for Dunlop. More recently, Dunlop  manufactured the Vox pedals under licence, although this is no longer the case.

The said wah-wah effect was originally intended to imitate the supposed crying tone that a muted trumpet produced, but became an expressive tool in its own way.  It is used when a guitarist is soloing, or to create a "wacka-wacka" funk styled rhythm. The original pedals were popularized by guitarists such as Jimi Hendrix, Eric Clapton, and David Gilmour, although many artists have developed signature sounds with them since.

Vox (company)
Vox is a British musical equipment manufacturer founded in 1957 by Thomas Walter Jennings in Dartford, Kent, England. The company is most famous for making the Vox AC30 guitar amplifier, used by The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, The Kinks, The Yardbirds, Queen, Dire Straits, U2, and Radiohead; the Vox Continental electric organ, the Vox wah-wah pedal used by Jimi Hendrix, and a series of innovative electric guitars and bass guitars. Since 1992, Vox has been owned by the Japanese electronics firm Korg.
Men (Armenian letter)
Men (majuscule: Մ; minuscule: մ; Armenian: մեն) is the twentieth letter of the Armenian alphabet, representing the bilabial nasal (/m/) in both Eastern and Western Armenian. It is typically romanized with the letter M. It was part of the alphabet created by Mesrop Mashtots in the 5th century CE. In the Armenian numeral system, it has a value of 200.

Armenian alphabet
The Armenian alphabet (Armenian: Հայոց գրեր, romanized: Hayocʼ grer or Հայոց այբուբեն, Hayocʼ aybuben) or, more broadly, the Armenian script, is an alphabetic writing system developed for Armenian and occasionally used to write other languages. It was developed around 405 AD by Mesrop Mashtots, an Armenian linguist and ecclesiastical leader. The script originally had 36 letters. Eventually, two more were adopted in the 13th century. In the reformed Armenian orthography (1920s), the ligature և, ev, is also treated as a letter, bringing the total number of letters to 39.

The Armenian word for 'alphabet' is այբուբեն, aybuben, named after the first two letters of the Armenian alphabet: ⟨Ա⟩ այբ, ayb, and ⟨Բ⟩ բեն, ben. Armenian is written horizontally, left to right.
Pickling (metal)
Pickling is a metal surface treatment used to remove impurities, such as stains, inorganic contaminants, and rust or scale from ferrous metals, copper, precious metals and aluminium alloys. A solution called pickle liquor, which usually contains acid, is used to remove the surface impurities. It is commonly used to descale or clean steel in various steelmaking processes.

Steelmaking
Steelmaking is the process of producing steel from iron ore and/or scrap. Steel has been made for millennia, and was commercialized on a massive scale in the 1850s and 1860s, using the Bessemer and Siemens-Martin processes.

Currently, two major commercial processes are used. Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) uses liquid pig-iron from a blast furnace and scrap steel as the main feed materials. Electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking uses scrap steel or direct reduced iron (DRI). Oxygen steelmaking has become more popular over time.

Steelmaking is one of the most carbon emission-intensive industries. In 2020, the steelmaking industry was reported to be responsible for 7% of energy sector greenhouse gas emissions. The industry is seeking significant emission reductions.
Harry Primrose, 6th Earl of Rosebery
Albert Edward Harry Meyer Archibald Primrose, 6th Earl of Rosebery, 2nd Earl of Midlothian, KT, DSO, MC, PC, FRSE (8 January 1882 – 31 May 1974), styled Lord Dalmeny until 1929, was a British Liberal politician who briefly served as Secretary of State for Scotland in 1945. He was the Member of Parliament for Midlothian from 1906 to 1910. He became the Earl of Rosebery and Midlothian in 1929 and was thus a member of the House of Lords until his death.

Midlothian (UK Parliament constituency, 1708–1918)
Edinburghshire (also known as Midlothian) was a Scottish county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of Great Britain (at Westminster) from 1708 to 1801 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (also at Westminster) from 1801 to 1918.

It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

The seat is most famous as the location of William Ewart Gladstone's upset victory in the Midlothian Campaign of 1880, regarded as the birth of the modern political campaign in the United Kingdom. After Gladstone's victory it became the first non-English constituency to be represented by a serving prime minister.
Norwegian Escape
Norwegian Escape is a Breakaway Plus-class cruise ship operated by Norwegian Cruise Line (NCL), a subsidiary of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings. She was the fleet's first Breakaway Plus-class ship to be delivered and was designed with larger dimensions and gross tonnage than her older sister ships, Norwegian Breakaway and Norwegian Getaway, at 164,998 GT.

After NCL ordered the ship with German shipbuilder Meyer Werft in October 2012 at an estimated cost of €700 million, her keel was laid in September 2014 and she was floated out from the building dock in August 2015. She was subsequently delivered in October 2015 and was officially christened by Pitbull in Miami on 9 November 2015. Since her debut, she has homeported in Miami, New York City, and Port Canaveral, operating itineraries to the Caribbean, Bermuda, and the Maritimes.

PortMiami
The Port of Miami, styled as PortMiami and formally known as the Dante B. Fascell Port of Miami, is a major seaport located in Biscayne Bay at the mouth of the Miami River in Miami, Florida. It is the largest passenger port in the world and one of the largest cargo ports in the United States.

The port is located on Dodge, Lummus and Sam's Islands, which is the combination of three historic islands (Dodge, Lummus and Sam's Islands) that have since been combined into one. It is connected to Downtown Miami by Port Boulevard—a causeway over the Intracoastal Waterway—and to the neighboring Watson Island via the PortMiami Tunnel. It is named in honor of 19-term Florida Congressman Dante Fascell.

As of 2023, PortMiami accounts for approximately 334,500 jobs and has an annual economic revenue of $43 billion to the state of Florida.
José Cid
José Albano Cid de Ferreira Tavares (born 4 February 1942) is a Portuguese singer, composer and record producer. Internationally, Cid is best known for his 1978 progressive rock album 10,000 Anos Depois Entre Vénus e Marte and for representing Portugal at the Eurovision Song Contest 1980 with the song "Um grande, grande amor".

With a career spanning more than 60 years, Cid has been awarded 25 Silver, eight Gold and three Platinum records in Portugal. In 2019, Cid received a Latin Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, becoming the second Portuguese singer, after Carlos do Carmo, to receive the honour.

Latin Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award
The Latin Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award is a special Latin Grammy Award presented annually by the Latin Recording Academy, to commend performers "who have made contributions of outstanding artistic significance to Latin music". Award recipients are honored during "Latin Grammy Week", a string of galas just prior to the annual Latin Grammy Awards ceremony.

Since its inception in 2004, the award has been presented to musicians originating from Ibero-America. Armando Manzanero, Linda Ronstadt, and Joan Baez have also received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Joe Arroyo is the only artist to have received the award posthumously, in 2011, four months after his death. In 2014, Carlos do Carmo became the first artist from Portugal to receive a Latin Grammy Award when he was honored with it. Like the Person of the Year and Trustees Award, the honor was not presented in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Tigrosa georgicola
Tigrosa georgicola is a species of wolf spider in the family Lycosidae. It is endemic to the Southeastern United States. The type specimen was collected in Burke County, Georgia. Its habitat includes the forest floor of deciduous woodlands.

Wolf spider
Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae (from Ancient Greek  λύκος (lúkos) 'wolf'), named for their robust and agile hunting skills and excellent eyesight.

They live mostly in solitude, hunt alone, and usually do not spin webs. Some are opportunistic hunters, pouncing upon prey as they find it or chasing it over short distances; others wait for passing prey in or near the mouth of a burrow.

Wolf spiders resemble nursery web spiders (family Pisauridae), but wolf spiders carry their egg sacs by attaching them to their spinnerets, while the Pisauridae carry their egg sacs with their chelicerae and pedipalps.

Two of the wolf spider's eight eyes are large and prominent; this distinguishes them from nursery web spiders, whose eyes are all of roughly equal size. This can also help distinguish them from the similar-looking grass spiders.
Persibo Bojonegoro
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Bojonegoro (English: Indonesian Football Association of Bojonegoro) commonly known and abbreviated as Persibo, is an Indonesian professional football club in Bojonegoro, East Java. They compete in the Liga Nusantara, the third tier of Indonesian football, after relegated from the Championship in 2025 through a relegation playoff match against Persipura. In 2010, Persibo played in the Indonesia Super League (the top tier of Indonesian football) after winning Divisi Utama the  previous season. In 2012, Persibo won Piala Indonesia after defeating Semen Padang in the final and represented Indonesia in 2013 AFC Cup.

Semen Padang F.C.
Semen Padang Football Club is an Indonesian professional football club based in Indarung, Padang, West Sumatra. Founded on 30 November 1980, they currently compete in the Super League since 2024–25 season, following promotion.

It made its debut by participating in Galatama First Division in 1980. In 1982, Semen Padang succeeded in winning the First Division and at the same time was promoted to the Galatama Premier Division.
Port Arthur, Tasmania
Port Arthur is a town and former convict settlement on the Tasman Peninsula, in Tasmania, Australia. It is located approximately 97 kilometres (60 mi) southeast of the state capital, Hobart.

The site forms part of the Australian Convict Sites, a World Heritage property consisting of 11 remnant penal sites originally built within the British Empire during the 18th and 19th centuries on fertile Australian coastal strips. Collectively, these sites, including Port Arthur, are described by UNESCO as "... the best surviving examples of large-scale convict transportation and the colonial expansion of European powers through the presence and labour of convicts."

In 1996, the town was the scene of the Port Arthur massacre, the deadliest instance of mass murder in post-colonial Australian history.

Penal transportation
Penal transportation (or simply transportation) was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home.
Stoneleigh Park
Stoneleigh Park, known between 1963 and 2013 as the National Agricultural Centre, is a business park located south-west of the village of Stoneleigh, Warwickshire, England. It is home to the NAEC Stoneleigh conference and exhibition centre.

Convention center
A convention center (American English; or conference centre in British English) is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major trade shows, are sometimes known as exhibition halls. Convention centers typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels include a convention center.

In Francophone countries, the term is palais des congrès (such as the Palais des Congrès de Paris) or centre des congrès (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).
Stanley Silverman
Stanley Silverman (born July 5, 1938, in New York City) is an American composer, arranger, conductor and guitarist.

Silverman's diverse career covers music theatre, film, television, classical and pop music. His work has featured on stages across the world including on and off-Broadway and his collaborators include Richard Foreman, Anthony Burgess and Arthur Miller. He has also worked with renowned directors Mike Nichols and Arthur Penn. Silverman worked with Paul Simon on his musical The Capeman in 1998 for which his orchestrations were nominated for Tony and Drama Desk Awards. His music has been performed by Pierre Boulez, Michael Tilson Thomas, Tashi, the Kalichstein-Laredo-Robinson Trio and pop icons James Taylor and Sting.

Across a successful career as a conductor, Silverman worked on the Tony, Drama Desk and Grammy Award nominated 1976 Joseph Papp production of The Threepenny Opera which starred in the lead role Raul Julia.

Arthur Miller
Arthur Asher Miller (October 17, 1915 – February 10, 2005) was an American actor and writer of plays in the 20th-century American theater. Among his most popular plays are All My Sons (1947), Death of a Salesman (1949), The Crucible (1953), and A View from the Bridge (1955). He wrote several screenplays, including The Misfits (1961). The drama Death of a Salesman is considered one of the best American plays of the 20th century.

Miller was often in the public eye, particularly during the late 1940s, 1950s and early 1960s. During this time, he received a Pulitzer Prize for Drama, testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee, and married Marilyn Monroe. In 1980, he received the St. Louis Literary Award from the Saint Louis University Library Associates. He received the Praemium Imperiale prize in 2001, the Prince of Asturias Award in 2002, and the Jerusalem Prize in 2003, and the Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize in 1999.
Francisco Mateo
Francisco Mateo (15 May 1917 – 21 July 1979) was a Spanish-French football defender who played as a professional for Valencia, Bordeaux and Strasbourg. He also was a coach and manager for RC Strasbourg.

FC Girondins de Bordeaux
Football Club des Girondins de Bordeaux (French pronunciation: [ʒiʁɔ̃dɛ̃ də bɔʁdo]), commonly referred to as Girondins de Bordeaux (Occitan: Girondins de Bordèu) or simply Bordeaux, is a French football club based in the city of Bordeaux in Gironde, Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It competes in the Championnat National 2, the fourth tier of football in France, after an administrative double relegation in 2024.

Bordeaux was founded on 1 October 1881 as a multi-sports club and it is one of the most successful football clubs in France. The club has won six Division 1/Ligue 1 titles, the last in 2009. Bordeaux have also won four Coupe de France titles, three Coupe de la Ligue titles, and three Trophée des champions titles as well. In international competitions Bordeaux has reached the UEFA Cup final in 1996 and the Latin Cup final in 1950. From a year to its inception, the club's stadium was the Stade Chaban-Delmas, from 2015, Bordeaux's home ground is the Stade Atlantique.
Small nucleolar RNA psi28S-1192
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA psi28S-1192 (also known as snoRNA psi28S-1192) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a 'guide RNA'.

This Drosophila-specific snoRNA is a member of the H/ACA box class of snoRNA and is predicted to be responsible for  guiding the modification of uridine 1192 to pseudouridine in Drosophila 28S rRNA.

Small nucleolar RNA
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNA molecules in the nucleolus that primarily guide chemical modifications of other RNAs, mainly ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs and small nuclear RNAs. There are two main classes of snoRNA, the C/D box snoRNAs, which are associated with methylation, and the H/ACA box snoRNAs, which are associated with pseudouridylation.
SnoRNAs are commonly referred to as guide RNAs but should not be confused with the guide RNAs that direct RNA editing in trypanosomes or the guide RNAs (gRNAs) used by Cas9 for CRISPR gene editing.
Samuel Åkerhielm
Lieutenant General Friherre Samuel Lars Åkerhielm af Blombacka (23 October 1887 – 15 January 1976) was a senior Swedish Army officer. Åkerhielm had a distinguished military career in Sweden. He began as an officer in 1908, serving in various roles and attending military colleges. He rose through the ranks, becoming a lieutenant colonel and later a colonel. He held key positions, including heading the Royal Swedish Army Staff College and commanding the Svea Artillery Regiment. In 1941, he briefly served as Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff. Åkerhielm was promoted to major general and became the military commander of the VII Military District and the Gotland Naval District in 1942. Despite challenges to his role, he remained in command for several years. He retired in 1953 as a lieutenant general and transitioned to the military reserve. Additionally, he played active roles in various organizations during his career.

Chief of the Defence Staff (Sweden)
The Chief of the Defence Staff (Swedish: Chefen för försvarsstaben, C FST, or Försvarsstabschef) is the second most senior uniformed member of the Swedish Armed Forces (after the Chief of Defence) and heads the Defence Staff. The Chief of the Defence Staff reports to the Chief of Defence and serves as their chief of staff.
Karl Reinisch
Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de:Karl Reinisch; see its history for attribution.

Karl Reinisch (21 August 1921 – 24 January 2007) was a German electrical engineer and professor for control engineering in Ilmenau. Under his lead, a solid foundation for automation and system technology for cybernetics was developed at the Technische Universität Ilmenau. For many years, he was active at the International Federation of Automatic Control (IFAC).

Technische Universität Ilmenau
The Technische Universität Ilmenau (Ilmenau University of Technology, TU Ilmenau) is a German public research university located in Ilmenau, Thuringia, central Germany. Founded in 1894, it has five academic departments (faculties) with about 4,900 students. Teaching and research are focused on the fields of technology (including computer science), mathematics and natural sciences, business and media.
KOMPSAT-3A
KOMPSAT-3A (Korean Multi-purpose Satellite-3A), also known as Arirang-3A, is a South Korean Earth observation satellite equipped with a 55cm-resolution electro-optical camera and an infrared sensor developed by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute. It was launched on March 26, 2015.

Korea Aerospace Research Institute
The Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI; Korean: 한국항공우주연구원), established in 1989, is the aeronautics and space agency of South Korea.  Its main laboratories are located in Daejeon, in the Daedeok Science Town. KARI's vision is to continue building upon indigenous launch capabilities, strengthen national safety and public service, industrialize satellite information and applications technology, explore the Moon, and develop environmentally-friendly and highly-efficient cutting-edge aircraft and core aerospace technology.  Current projects include the KSLV-2 launcher. Past projects include the 1999 Arirang-1 satellite.  The agency was founded in 1989.  Prior to South Korea's entry into the Institute for Advanced Engineering (IAE) in 1992, it focused primarily on aerospace technology. As of May 2024, KARI is an affiliated research institute of the Korea AeroSpace Administration.
Caritas Slovenia
Caritas Slovenia (Slovene: Slovenska karitas) is a Slovenian Catholic charity organisation. It operates nationally by providing social welfare services, and internationally by supporting the relief and development efforts of partner organisations.

Caritas Slovenia is a member of both Caritas Internationalis and Caritas Europa.

Caritas Internationalis
Caritas Internationalis (Latin pronunciation: [kaː.ri.t̪as in̪.t̪er.nat̪.t̪͡s̪iˈɔː.na.lis]; lit. 'Charity International') is a confederation of 162 national Catholic relief, development, and social service organisations operating in over 200 countries and territories worldwide. The name Caritas Internationalis refers to both the global network of Caritas organisations and to its general secretariat based in Vatican City.

Collectively and individually, their missions are "to serve the poor and to promote charity and justice throughout the world". Caritas Internationalis is the second-largest international humanitarian aid network in the world after the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.
Natural gas in Romania
Romania has proven natural gas reserves of 726 billion cubic meters (25.94 trillion cubic feet) and is ranked 30th among countries with proved reserves of natural gas. About 75% of Romania's natural gas resources are located in Transylvania, especially in Mureș and Sibiu counties. The largest natural gas field in Romania is the Deleni gas field discovered in 1912 and located in Băgaciu commune, Mureș County, with proven reserves of 85 billion cubic meters or 3 trillion cubic feet. Other important gas fields include the Filitelnic gas field (40 bcm – 1,430 bcft), the Roman-Secuieni gas field (24 bcm – 850 bcft), the Voitinel gas field (11.8 bcm – 415 bcft), the Ghercești gas field (11 bcm – 400 bcft) and the Sărmașel gas field (10 bcm – 354 bcft) all with reserves larger than 10 billion cubic meters or 350 billion cubic feet. Currently Romania has the second largest natural gas reserves in the European Union just after the Netherlands.

Mureș County
Mureș County (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmureʃ], Romanian: Județul Mureș, Hungarian: Maros megye) is a county (județ) of Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania, with the administrative centre in Târgu Mureș. The county was established in 1968, after the administrative reorganization that re-introduced the historical județ (county) system, still used today. This reform eliminated the previous Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region, which had been created in 1952 within the People's Republic of Romania. Mureș County has a vibrant multicultural fabric that includes Hungarian-speaking Székelys and Transylvanian Saxons, with a rich heritage of fortified churches and towns.