hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tim Davie
Timothy Douglas Davie (born 25 April 1967) is a British media executive who became the director-general of the BBC in September 2020;  he announced his resignation on 9 November 2025 amid allegations against the corporation of editorial bias. He was previously the acting director-general of the BBC in November 2012 following the resignation of George Entwistle, until April 2013.

Educated at Whitgift School and the University of Cambridge, Davie unsuccessfully stood as a candidate for the Conservative Party in 1993 and 1994 in the Hammersmith and Fulham London Borough Council elections. He joined the BBC in 2005, following a career in marketing. During his time as acting director-general he oversaw the investigations into BBC management and conduct following revelations the broadcaster had known about sexual abuse by Jimmy Savile.

George Entwistle
George Edward Entwistle (born 8 July 1962) is a former broadcasting executive, who was Director-General of the BBC during 2012, succeeding Mark Thompson. After a career in magazine journalism, he joined BBC Television in 1989, becoming a producer with a primary focus on factual and political programmes. He rose to become the director of BBC Vision, and became the Director-General of the BBC on 17 September 2012.

Entwistle resigned as Director-General on 10 November 2012, following investigations into BBC management and conduct following revelations the broadcaster had known about sexual abuse by Jimmy Savile and controversy over a Newsnight report which falsely implicated Lord McAlpine in the North Wales child abuse scandal. His resignation after just 54 days in the role made him the shortest-serving Director-General in the history of the BBC.
Eli D. Hoyle
Eli DuBose Hoyle (July 19, 1851 – July 27, 1921) was a brigadier general in the United States Army. He is most noted for his command of the port of embarkation at Governor's Island in New York Harbor during World War I, for which he received the Distinguished Service Medal and Soldier's Medal.

Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)
The Distinguished Service Medal (DSM) is a military decoration of the United States Army that is presented to soldiers who have distinguished themselves by exceptionally meritorious service to the government in a duty of great responsibility. The performance must be such as to merit recognition for service that is clearly exceptional. The exceptional performance of normal duty will not alone justify an award of this decoration.

The Army's Distinguished Service Medal is equivalent to the Naval Service's Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Air and Space Forces' Distinguished Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Distinguished Service Medal. Prior to the creation of the Air Force's Distinguished Service Medal in 1960, United States Air Force airmen were awarded the Army's Distinguished Service Medal.
Narahari Shah
Narahari Shah (नरहरि शाह) was a 16th-century ruler of the hill kingdom of Lamjung in present-day central Nepal. He was the eldest son of Yasho Brahma Shah, the King of both Kaski and Lamjung. Narahari Shah is regarded as an early figure in the Shah dynasty lineage that eventually unified Nepal under his nephew, Prithvi Narayan Shah.

Shah dynasty
The Shah dynasty (Nepali: शाह वंश), also known as the Shahs of Gorkha or the Royal House of Gorkha, was the ruling Chaubise Thakuri dynasty and the founder of the Gorkha Kingdom from 1559 to 1768 and later the unified Kingdom of Nepal from 1768 to 28 May 2008.

The Shah dynasty traces its historical ancestor to King of Kaski, Kulamandan Shah Khand, whose grandson Dravya Shah captured the throne of Ligligkot from Magars King (Dalsur Ghale Magar) with the help of accomplices from six resident clans of Majhkot and Ligligkot. Dravya Shah named his new kingdom Gorkha.
Christopher Bwalya Yaluma
Christopher Bwalya Yaluma (born May 31, 1952) is a Zambian politician who served as the member of parliament for Malole Constituency from 2011 to 2021. During that time, he served as the Minister of Lands (October 2011 to July 2012), Minister of Transport (July 2012 to May 2013), Minister of Mines (May 2013 to February 2018) and Minister of Commerce, Trade and Industry (February 2018 to May 2021). He is a member of the Patrotic Front.

He has a Bachelor of Science and diploma in electrical engineering.

Ministry of Mines and Minerals Development
The Ministry of Mines and Minerals Development is a ministry in Zambia. It is headed by the Minister of Mines and Minerals Development.

In 2012, the Ministry of Mines merged with the Ministry of Water and Energy to form the Ministry of Mines, Energy and Water Development. The merger was reversed in 2015, with the Ministry of Energy and Water Development being declared a separate ministry.
Peter and the Wolf (1946 film)
Peter and the Wolf is a 1946 animated short based on the 1936 musical composition/fairy tale by Sergei Prokofiev, produced by Walt Disney and narrated by Sterling Holloway. It was originally released theatrically as a segment in Make Mine Music. It was re-issued the following year accompanying a re-issue of Fantasia (as a short subject before the film), then released separately on home video in the 1990s.

Peter and the Wolf
Peter and the Wolf (Russian: Пе́тя и волк, romanized: Pétya i volk, IPA: [ˈpʲetʲə i voɫk]), Op. 67, a "symphonic tale for children", is a programmatic musical composition written by Sergei Prokofiev in 1936. The narrator tells a Russian folk tale, which the orchestra illustrates by using different instruments to play themes that represent each character in the story.
Pradāśa
Pradāśa (Sanskrit; Tibetan phonetic: tsikpa) is a Buddhist term translated as "spite" or "spitefulness". It is defined as an attitude based on fury/indignation (krodha) and resentment (upanāha) in which one is unable or unwilling to forgive; it causes one to utter harsh words. It is one of the twenty subsidiary unwholesome mental factors within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings.

The Abhidharma-samuccaya states:

What is spite (pradāśa)? It is a vindictive attitude preceded by fury/indignation (krodha) and resentment (upanāha)–forming part of anger–and its function is to become the basis for harsh and strong words, to increase what is not meritorious, and not to allow one to feel happy.

Spite is a derivative of anger (pratigha).

Upanāha
Upanāha (Sanskrit; Tibetan phonetic: khön du dzinpa) is a Buddhist term translated as "resentment" or "enmity". It is defined as clinging to an intention to cause harm, and withholding forgiveness.  It is one of the twenty subsidiary unwholesome mental factors within the Mahayana Abhidharma teachings.

The Abhidharma-samuccaya states:

What is resentment? It is not letting go of an obsession which develops through association with the anger which underlies it. Its function is to be the basis of non-endurance.

Alan Wallace described upanāha as "a lingering holding of anger (Sanskrit: krodha)".
Chennai Egmore–Karaikal Kamban Express
The Chennai Egmore–Karaikal Kamban Express is an Express train belonging to Southern Railway zone that runs between Chennai Egmore and Karaikal in India. It is currently being operated with 16175/16176 train numbers on a daily basis.

Karaikal railway station
Karaikal railway station (station code: KIK) is an NSG–4 category Indian railway station in Tiruchirappalli railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway terminus, situated in the city of Karaikal in the Union Territory of Puducherry, India. The station is 145 kilometres (90 mi) east of Tiruchirappalli and 300 kilometres (190 mi) from Chennai and connects Karaikal to various parts of the country.
Narragansett language
Narragansett /ˌnærəˈɡænsɪt/ is an Algonquian language formerly spoken in most of what is today Rhode Island by the Narragansett people. It was closely related to the other Algonquian languages of southern New England like Massachusett and Mohegan-Pequot. The earliest study of the language in English was by Roger Williams, founder of the Rhode Island colony, in his book A Key Into the Language of America (1643).

Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages (/æl.ˈɡɒŋ.k(w)i.ən/ al-GONG-k(w)ee-ən; also Algonkian) are a branch of the Algic language family. The name of the Algonquian language family is distinguished from the orthographically similar Algonquin dialect of the Indigenous Ojibwe language (Chippewa), which is a senior member of the Algonquian language family. The term Algonquin has been suggested to derive from the Wolastoqey word elakómkwik (pronounced [ɛlæˈɡomoɡwik]), meaning 'they are our relatives/allies'.

Speakers of Algonquian languages stretch from the east coast of North America to the Rocky Mountains. The proto-language from which all of the languages of the family descend, Proto-Algonquian, was spoken around 2,500 to 3,000 years ago. There is no scholarly consensus about where this language was spoken.
Norwegian passport
A Norwegian passport (Norwegian: norsk pass, Northern Sami: norgga pássa) is the passport issued to nationals of Norway for the purpose of international travel. Beside serving as proof of Norwegian citizenship, they facilitate the process of securing assistance from Norwegian consular officials abroad (or public officials in the mission of another Nordic country in case a Norwegian consular official is absent).

The passport, along with the national identity card allows for the freedom of movement in any of the states of the European Free Trade Association and the European Economic Area. This is because Norway is a member state of EFTA, and by virtue of it also being a member of the EEA and part of the Schengen Area. For travel within the Nordic countries no identity documentation is legally required for Nordic citizens due to the Nordic Passport Union.

Citizens' Rights Directive
The Citizens' Rights Directive 2004/38/EC (also sometimes called the "Free Movement Directive") sets out the conditions for the exercise of the right of free movement for citizens of countries in the European Economic Area (EEA), which includes the member states of the European Union (EU) and the three European Free Trade Association (EFTA) members Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein. Switzerland, which is a member of EFTA but not of the EEA, is not bound by the Directive but rather has a separate multilateral sectoral agreement on free movement with the EU and its member states.

It consolidated older regulations and directives, and extended the rights of unmarried couples. It gives citizens of EEA countries the right of free movement and residence across the European Economic Area, as long as they are not an undue burden on the country of residence and have comprehensive health insurance. This right also extends to close family members that are not citizens of EEA countries.
John Callahan (Wisconsin politician)
John Callahan (December 16, 1865 – May 10, 1956) was an American educator and school system administrator from Pierce  County, Wisconsin.  He was Wisconsin's 18th superintendent of public instruction; he is the longest-serving state superintendent in Wisconsin history, serving 28 years, from 1921 to 1949.  Before becoming state superintendent, Callahan was one of the early leaders of the Wisconsin Technical College System, he also served as superintendent of public schools in Menasha, Wisconsin.

As state superintendent, he is best remembered for his push to bring more vocational and home economics courses into the public primary schools, and for his efforts to consolidate Wisconsin's many small local and sub-local school districts into larger unified districts.

Superintendent of Public Instruction of Wisconsin
The superintendent of public instruction, sometimes referred to as the state superintendent of schools, is a constitutional officer within the executive branch of the Wisconsin state government and head of the Department of Public Instruction. Twenty-eight individuals have held the office since statehood. The incumbent is Jill Underly.
Jaguar XJR-17
The Jaguar XJR-17 was an IMSA Lights racing car, built by Tom Walkinshaw Racing. Rebuilt from a Jaguar XJR-16 for the IMSA Camel Lights, the XJR-17 never competed in the event due to funding issues and has since only been used in a few minor British events and historic races. It used a modified version of the XJR-16's 3.5-litre V6 engine, stripped of the twin-turbochargers and producing a claimed output of 450 hp (336 kW; 456 PS), whilst its bodywork was cobbled together using various parts from older Jaguar XJR Sportscars.

Jaguar XJR-16
The Jaguar XJR-16 is an IMSA GTP sports prototype race car, with the aim of competing, from 1991, in the IMSA GT Championship. The Jaguar XJR-16s had a short lifespan, competing for only one season, before being hastily replaced with the Jaguar XJR-14.
Francis P. Murphy
Francis Parnell Murphy (August 16, 1877 – December 19, 1958) was an American manufacturer and politician from Nashua, New Hampshire. He served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives and on the Governor's Council before serving as the 64th governor of New Hampshire from 1937 to 1941.

Murphy supported Roosevelt's New Deal policies and switched to the Democratic Party in an attempt to unseat U.S. Senator Styles Bridges in the 1942 Senate election. He retired from politics to enter the radio broadcasting business and later started the WMUR radio and television stations in Manchester - the station takes its name from Murphy's surname.

A large flood control project in northern New Hampshire at the headwaters of the Connecticut River is named for him, with Murphy Dam impounding Lake Francis. He was also responsible for one of the first ski area aerial tramways in the United States when the Cannon Mountain aerial tramway was built in Franconia Notch.

Styles Bridges
Henry Styles Bridges (September 9, 1898 – November 26, 1961) was an American teacher, editor, and Republican Party politician from Concord, New Hampshire. He served one term as the 63rd governor of New Hampshire before a twenty-four-year career in the United States Senate.
R. K. Tiwari
Rajendra Kumar Tiwari  (born February 4, 1963), commonly known as R. K. Tiwari is a retired Indian civil servant and Indian Administrative Services officer of Uttar Pradesh cadre from the 1985 batch. He served as the Chief Secretary of the Government of Uttar Pradesh from 30 August 2019 to 30 December 2021, succeeding Anup Chandra Pandey.

Anup Chandra Pandey
Anup Chandra Pandey (born 15 February 1959) is a retired 1984-batch Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer belonging to the Uttar Pradesh cadre. He served as Election Commissioner of India. Pandey had also served as the Chief Secretary of the Government of Uttar Pradesh, in addition to serving as the Infrastructure and Industrial Development Commissioner of Uttar Pradesh, before retiring on 31 August 2019. He was Member, National Green Tribunal Oversight Committee, U.P before joining Election Commission.
Carlo Loffredo
Carlo Loffredo, C.R. (31 March 1635 – January 1701) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Capua (1698–1701), Archbishop of Bari-Canosa (1691–1698), and Bishop of Molfetta (1670–1691).

Theatines
The Theatines, officially named the Congregation of Clerics Regular (Latin: Ordo Clericorum Regularium; abbreviated CR), are members of a Catholic order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men. The order was founded in virtue of faculties granted by Pope Clement VII on 24 June 1524 in the Brief Exponi Nobis.
Ongota language
Ongota (also known as Birale, Birayle) is a moribund language of southwest Ethiopia. UNESCO reported in 2012 that out of a total ethnic population of 115, only 12 elderly native speakers remained, the rest of their small village on the west bank of the Weito River having adopted the Tsamai language instead.  The default word order is subject–object–verb. The classification of the language is obscure (Sava & Tosco 2015).

Tsamai language
Tsamai (also known as Ts'amay, S'amai, Tamaha, Tsamako, Tsamakko, Bago S'amakk-Ulo) is an Afroasiatic language spoken in Ethiopia. Tsamai is a member of the Dullay dialect continuum. Cule (Kuile, Kule) and evidently Dume (pseudo-pygmies) were apparently varieties.
Washington State Route 124
State Route 124 (SR 124) is a state highway in Walla Walla County, Washington, United States. It spans 45 miles (72 km) from Burbank in the west to Waitsburg in the east, intersecting U.S. Route 12 (US 12) at both ends. The highway generally follows the Snake and Touchet rivers and intersects SR 125 near Prescott.

SR 124 was previously part of two state highways: Secondary State Highway 3D (SSH 3D) from Burbank to Prescott, and SSH 3E from Prescott to Waitsburg. During the 1964 state highway renumbering, sections of both highways were formed to SR 124, which was officially named Ice Harbor Road and designated as a state scenic byway by the state legislature.

State highways in Washington
The State Highways of Washington in the U.S. state of Washington comprise a network of over 7,000 miles (11,270 km) of state highways, including all Interstate and U.S. Highways that pass through the state, maintained by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The system spans 8.5% of the state's public road mileage, but carries over half of the traffic. All other public roads in the state are either inside incorporated places (cities or towns) or are maintained by the county.  The state highway symbol is a white silhouette of George Washington's head (whom the state is named after).
Collapse (topology)
In topology, a branch of mathematics, a collapse reduces a simplicial complex (or more generally, a CW complex) to a homotopy-equivalent subcomplex. Collapses, like CW complexes themselves, were invented by J. H. C. Whitehead. Collapses find applications in computational homology.

CW complex
In mathematics, and specifically in topology, a CW complex (also cellular complex or cell complex) is a topological space that is built by gluing together topological balls (so-called cells) of different dimensions in specific ways. The notion generalizes both manifolds and simplicial complexes and has particular significance for algebraic topology. It was initially introduced by J. H. C. Whitehead to meet the needs of homotopy theory.
CW complexes have better categorical properties than simplicial complexes, but still retain a combinatorial nature that allows for computation (often with a much smaller complex).

The C in CW stands for "closure-finite", and the W for "weak" topology.
Arkadios Dimitrakopoulos
Arkadios Dimitrakopoulos (Greek: Αρκάδιος Δημητρακόπουλος Bulgarian: Аркадий Димитракопулос (1824–1908) was a Greek wealthy merchant, father-in-law of Dimitar Brakalov, chairman of Greek educational society "Efxinos Pontos".  and prominent figure of Burgas society in the 19th century.

Burgas
Burgas (Bulgarian: Бургас, pronounced [burˈɡas] ⓘ), sometimes transliterated as Bourgas, is the second largest city on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast in the region of Northern Thrace and the fourth-largest city in Bulgaria after Sofia, Plovdiv, and Varna, with a population of 210,396 inhabitants, while 226,092 live in its urban area. It is the capital of Burgas Province and an important industrial, transport, cultural and tourist centre.

The city is surrounded by the Burgas Lakes and located at the westernmost point of the Black Sea, at the large Burgas Bay. LUKOIL Neftochim Burgas is the largest oil refinery in southeastern Europe and the largest industrial enterprise. The Port of Burgas is the second largest port in Bulgaria, and Burgas Airport is the second most important in the country. Burgas is the centre of the Bulgarian fishing and fish processing industry.
National Highway 715A (India)
National Highway 715A, commonly called NH 715A is a national highway in  India. It is a spur road of National Highway 15.  NH-715A traverses between Jagiroad, Bhuragaon and Balugaon in the state of Assam in India.

National Highway 15 (India)
National Highway 15 (NH 15) is a National Highway in India.

The highway originates from Baihata in Kamrup District of Assam and terminates at Wakro in Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh. It traverse through Mangaldai, Dhekiajuli, Tezpur, Banderdeva, North Lakhimpur, Kulajan, Dibrugarh, Tinsukia, Rupai and Mahadevpur.
Dodge Shadow
The Dodge Shadow and Plymouth Sundance are compact 3-door and 5-door hatchbacks that were introduced for the 1987 model year by the Chrysler Corporation. For 1991, a 2-door convertible variant was added to the Shadow lineup; this bodystyle was not offered by Plymouth. The Sundance/Shadow replaced the Omni/Horizon models of their respective marque.

The first vehicle rolled out of Sterling Heights Assembly on August 25, 1986. In late 1988, production of the Mexican market version called the Chrysler Shadow began at Toluca Car Assembly. The Shadow/Sundance was also sold in Europe from 1988 to 1991 as the Chrysler ES. Production ended on March 9, 1994, with the Shadow/Sundance being replaced by the Dodge / Plymouth Neon.

Hatchback
A hatchback is a car body configuration with a rear door that swings upward to provide access to the main interior of the car as a cargo area rather than just to a separated trunk. Hatchbacks may feature fold-down second-row seating, where the interior can be reconfigured to prioritize passenger or cargo volume.

While early examples of the body configuration can be traced to the 1930s, the Merriam-Webster dictionary dates the term itself to 1970. The hatchback body style has been marketed worldwide on cars ranging in size from superminis to small family cars, as well as executive cars and some sports cars. They are a primary component of sport utility vehicles.
Mangapohue Natural Bridge
The Mangapohue Natural Bridge consists of two rock arches formed by the Mangapohue Stream in the Marokopa River valley near Waitomo, New Zealand.

The 17 m high limestone arches are a remnant of an ancient cave system. The smaller lower rock arch spans the Mangapohue Stream and cannot be walked through, while the larger upper arch is situated straight above the lower arch and contains a platform to view the stalactites on the upper arch's ceiling.

The arches can be reached by the sealed Te Anga Road from State Highway 3 approximately 25 km west of the Waitomo Caves. From the carpark, the wheelchair-friendly walk takes 5 minutes to reach the natural bridge. The walk leads through a scenic limestone gorge, crossing the stream once on a timber bridge, and ending at a viewing platform below the rock arches. Steps lead to a further viewing platform between the lower and upper arch. A track also continues some 15 minutes further over farmland.

Waitomo
Waitomo, officially Waitomo Caves, is a rural community in the King Country region of New Zealand's North Island. There are several solutional cave systems in the area around the village, which are popular tourist attractions. Restaurants and accommodation are centred in the village to serve visiting tourists.

The word Waitomo comes from the Māori language: wai meaning water and tomo meaning a doline or sinkhole; it can thus be translated to be "water passing through a hole". The caves are formed in Oligocene limestone.

The historic Waitomo Caves Hotel is located in Waitomo Caves village.
Schubert opus/Deutsch number concordance
Franz Schubert (31 January 1797 – 19 November 1828) was an Austrian composer.

This is a concordance of those compositions by Schubert that were given opus numbers, and their corresponding Deutsch catalogue numbers.

Schubert Thematic Catalogue
Schubert: Thematic Catalogue of all his Works in Chronological Order, also known as the Deutsch catalogue, is a numbered list of all compositions by Franz Schubert compiled by Otto Erich Deutsch. Since its first publication in 1951, Deutsch (abbreviated as D or D.) numbers are used for the unique identification of Schubert's compositions.