hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2009 NFL season
The 2009 NFL season was the 90th season in the history of the National Football League (NFL). The 50th anniversary of the original eight charter members of the American Football League was celebrated during this season.

The preseason started with the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game on August 9, 2009, and the regular season began September 10, with the reigning Super Bowl XLIII champion Pittsburgh Steelers defeating the Tennessee Titans in overtime. The season ended with Super Bowl XLIV, the league's championship game, on February 7, 2010, at Sun Life Stadium with the New Orleans Saints defeating the Indianapolis Colts 31–17 in Miami Gardens, Florida. The Colts and Saints began the season 14–0 and 13–0 respectively. This was the first time in NFL history two teams started 13–0 or better.

2009 Detroit Lions season
The 2009 Detroit Lions season was the franchise's 80th season overall in the National Football League (NFL). It was the first season with the Lions for new head coach Jim Schwartz, and most of his new coaching staff. The Lions also introduced slightly new uniforms and logos. The Lions improved upon their 0–16 record from the previous season. However, they missed the playoffs for the 10th straight season, which meant the Lions were one of two franchises, not including the Houston Texans (an expansion team that began play in 2002), to not qualify for the playoffs in the 2000s, with the other team being the Buffalo Bills.

This season combined with the Lions' 0–16 record the previous year was the worst two season record (2–30) since the merger until the Cleveland Browns had a 1–15 record in 2016, followed by an 0–16 record in 2017 (1–31).
Sheffield Sword Club
Sheffield Sword Club is a fencing club that meets at the English Institute of Sport, Sheffield. The club encourages all ages and abilities, and runs regular beginner sessions throughout the year.

The club meets on a Thursday between Juniors 6–7.30pm & Seniors 7.30-10pm at the English Institute of Sport, Sheffield where sabre and épée are fenced.

James Williams (British fencer)
James Williams (16 October 1966 – 12 May 2024) was a competitive fencer. He competed for Great Britain at the 1992 Olympic Games, 1996 Olympic Games and 2000 Olympic Games.
Williams died on 12 May 2024, at the age of 57.
Cleng Peerson
Cleng Peerson (17 May 1783 – 16 December 1865) was a Norwegian emigrant to the United States; his voyage in 1824 was the precursor for the boat load of 52 Norwegian emigrants in the following year. That boat load was a precursor for the main wave of Norwegian immigration to the United States.

He was a Norwegian-American pioneer and "Slooper" who led the first group of Norwegians to emigrate to the United States, traveling on the Norwegian sloop Restauration.

Restauration (ship)
Restauration was a sloop built in 1801, in Hardanger, Norway. It became a symbol of Norwegian American immigration. Historical sources may contain several variations on the name of the sloop, including Restauration, Restoration, Restaurasjonen, and Restorasjon.
Randy Udell
Randy Alan Udell (born May 30, 1961) is an American telecommunications engineer and Democratic politician from Fitchburg, Wisconsin. He is a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Wisconsin's 47th Assembly district since 2025. He is also the current treasurer of the Democratic Party of Wisconsin, and has represented the Fitchburg area as a member of the Dane County Board of Supervisors since April 16, 2024.

Democratic Party of Wisconsin
The Democratic Party of Wisconsin is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is currently headed by chair Devin Remiker.

Important issues for the state party include support for workers and unions, strong public education, and environmental protection. It currently controls two of Wisconsin's eight U.S. House seats, one of its U.S. Senate seats, and the governorship. Additionally, Democratic-aligned justices control a majority on the state Supreme Court.
Exogeny
In a variety of contexts, exogeny or exogeneity (from Greek  ἔξω éxō 'outside' and  -γένεια -géneia 'to produce') is the fact of an action or object originating externally. It is the opposite of endogeneity or endogeny, the fact of being influenced from within a system.

Endogeneity
In a variety of contexts endogeneity is the property of being influenced within a system. It appears in specific contexts as such as economics, statistics, and social sciences. Specific examples are as follows:

In context of economics:

Endogeneity (econometrics)

Exogenous and endogenous variables in economic models

Endogenous growth theory in economics

Endogenous preferences in economics

Endogenous money

In context of biology and medicine:

Endogenous depression
Cabinet of Tonga
The Cabinet of Tonga is the cabinet (executive branch) of the government of the Kingdom of Tonga. It is composed primarily of the ministers of government. The latter, including the Prime Minister, are appointed by the monarch. The Governor of Ha'apai and the Governor of Vava'u also serve on the Cabinet ex officio. When in session and presided over by the monarch, the Cabinet is known as the Privy Council.

ʻAkilisi Pōhiva
Samiuela ʻAkilisi Pōhiva (7 April 1941 – 12 September 2019) was a Tongan pro-democracy activist and politician. A key leader of the Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands (DPFI), he served as the Prime Minister of Tonga from 2014 to his death in 2019. He was only the fourth commoner to serve as Prime Minister (after Shirley Baker in the 1880s, Siosateki Tonga in the 1890s and Feleti Sevele in the 2000s), and the first commoner to be elected to that position by Parliament rather than appointed by the King.
Reunion (B.J. Thomas album)
Reunion is an album by B. J. Thomas, released via ABC Records in 1975. His first country album, it reached No. 59 on the U.S. Billboard Top LPs chart and peaked at No. 2 on the Top Country Albums chart. In Canada, it reached No. 40 on its overall albums chart.

Reunion contains a signature hit single by Thomas, "(Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song". It reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100, Easy Listening, and Hot Country Singles charts in the United States. In Canada, it peaked at No. 2 on Canada's adult contemporary chart, No. 2 on its country chart and No. 3 on its pop chart. It also hit No. 3 in New Zealand.

The album won Best Country Song for "(Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song" in 1976. It was ranked the No. 17 top song of 1975.

B. J. Thomas
Billy Joe Thomas (August 7, 1942 – May 29, 2021) was an American singer widely known for his country, contemporary Christian, and pop hits of the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s.

Popular songs by Thomas include "Hooked on a Feeling" (1968), "Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head" (1969), "(Hey Won't You Play) Another Somebody Done Somebody Wrong Song" (1975), "Don't Worry Baby" (1977), and "Whatever Happened to Old-Fashioned Love" (1983).

In 2014, "Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.
ATM usage fees
ATM usage fees are what many banks and interbank networks charge for the use of their automated teller machines (ATMs). In some cases, these fees are assessed solely for non-members of the bank; in other cases, they apply to all users. There is usually a higher fee for the use of White-label ATMs rather than bank-owned ATMs.

Two types of consumer charges exist: the surcharge and the foreign fee. The surcharge fee may be imposed by the ATM owner (the bank or Independent ATM deployer) and will be charged to the consumer using the machine. The foreign fee or transaction fee is a fee charged by the card issuer (financial institution, stored value provider) to the consumer for conducting a transaction outside of their network of machines in the case of a financial institution.

Maestro (debit card)
Mastercard Maestro is a brand of debit cards and prepaid cards owned by Mastercard that was introduced in 1991. Maestro is accepted at around fifteen million point of sale outlets in 93 countries.

On July 1, 2023, Mastercard began phasing out Maestro across Europe. European banks and other card issuers are now required to replace expired or lost Maestro cards with a different card.
1st federal electoral district of Michoacán
The 1st federal electoral district of Michoacán (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 01 de Michoacán) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 11 such districts in the state of Michoacán.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the fifth region.

The current member for the district, re-elected in the 2024 general election, is Leonel Godoy Rangel of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

Leonel Godoy Rangel
Leonel Godoy Rangel (born June 5, 1950) is a Mexican lawyer, politician, and former Governor of Michoacán. He is a former president of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). Godoy hails from the coastal region of Michoacán. He serves as deputy for the National Regeneration Movement.
Prevotella melaninogenica
Prevotella melaninogenica is a species of bacterium in the normal microbiota of the upper respiratory tract. It is an important human pathogen in various anaerobic infections, often mixed with other aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. P. melaninogenica is an anaerobic, Gram-negative rod, named for its black
colonies, and black pigment.

Prevotella melaninogenica is associated with hypertension together with Campylobacter rectus and Veillonella parvula.

Veillonella parvula
Veillonella parvula is a strictly anaerobic, Gram-negative, coccus-shaped bacterium in the genus Veillonella. It is a normal part of the oral flora but can be associated with diseases such as periodontitis and dental caries as well as various systemic infections, including meningitis and osteomyelitis. It has also been isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis and has been associated with hypertension together with Campylobacter rectus and Prevotella melaninogenica.

V. parvula is unable to feed on carbohydrates, but can feed on lactate provided by Streptococcus species also found in the oral cavity. Specifically, Streptococcus mutans and V. parvula can form multispecies biofilms that lead to a lower susceptibility to antimicrobial treatments, resulting in periodontitis and dental caries.
1968 Deutschland Trophäe
The 1968 Deutschland Trophäe, also known as the Martini Gold Cup, was a motor race, run to Formula Two rules, held on 7 April 1968 at the Hockenheimring, Germany. The race was run over two heats of 20 laps of the circuit, and was the first round of the 1968 European Formula Two season. During the first heat, British driver and double Formula One World Champion Jim Clark suffered a fatal accident.

Clark had also been asked to race at Brands Hatch by Ford, who wanted him to drive their new sports car, but Clark had already agreed to race for his Team Lotus boss, Colin Chapman at Hockenheim.

Hockenheimring
The Hockenheimring, officially Hockenheimring Baden-Württemberg (German: [ˈhɔkŋ̍haɪmʁɪŋ ˌbaːdn̩ ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk] ⓘ), is a motor racing circuit situated in the Rhine valley near the town of Hockenheim in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located on the Bertha Benz Memorial Route. Amongst other motor racing events, it has hosted the German Grand Prix, most recently in 2019. The circuit is nearly flat. The circuit has an FIA Grade 1 licence.
Paul Gardner (journalist)
Paul Gardner (born May 15, 1930 in Ramsgate, England) is an American soccer journalist and author. He has written more than one thousand columns for Soccer America. He covered American soccer for England's World Soccer magazine since 1973. His books include The Simplest Game, Nice Guys Finish Last and SoccerTalk: Life Under the Spell of the Round Ball.

World Soccer (magazine)
World Soccer is an English-language football magazine, published by Kelsey Media. The magazine was established in 1960 and is the oldest continually published football magazine in the United Kingdom. It specialises in the international football scene. Its regular contributing writers include Brian Glanville, Keir Radnedge, Sid Lowe, Tim Vickery, and Henry Winter. World Soccer is a member of the European Sports Media (ESM), an umbrella group of similar magazines printed in other languages. The members of this group elect a European "Team of the Month" and a European "Team of the Year". Since 1982, World Soccer has also organised "Player of the Year", "Manager of the Year" and "Team of the Year" awards.
Butley (film)
Butley is a 1974 American-British drama film directed by Harold Pinter and starring Alan Bates, Jessica Tandy, Richard O'Callaghan, Susan Engel, and Michael Byrne. It was adapted by Simon Gray from his 1971 play of same name. It was produced by Ely Landau and released through Landau's American Film Theatre.

Simon Gray
Simon James Holliday Gray CBE FRSL (21 October 1936 – 7 August 2008) was an English playwright and memoirist who also had a career as a  university lecturer in English literature at Queen Mary, University of London, for 20 years. While teaching at Queen Mary, Gray began his writing career as a novelist in 1963 and, during the next 45 years, in addition to five published novels, wrote 40 original stage plays, screenplays, and screen adaptations of his own and others' works for stage, film and television and became well known for the self-deprecating wit characteristic of several volumes of memoirs or diaries.
Georgia State Route 112
State Route 112 (SR 112) is a 189.84-mile-long (305.52 km) state highway that travels in a generally southwest-to-northeast orientation in the southwestern and central parts of the U.S. state of Georgia. It passes through portions of Grady, Mitchell, Worth, Turner, Wilcox, Pulaski, Bleckley, Twiggs, Wilkinson, and Baldwin counties, and connects the Cairo and Milledgeville areas of the state.

Worth County, Georgia
Worth County is a county located in the south-central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,784. The county seat is Sylvester. Worth County is included in the Albany, Georgia metropolitan area.
Larry Klein
Larry Klein is an American musician, songwriter, and record producer. He is based in Los Angeles.

He began his career as a bassist, playing with jazz artists Willie Bobo, Freddie Hubbard, Carmen McRae, Joe Henderson, Bobby Hutcherson, Wayne Shorter, Herbie Hancock, Bobby McFerrin, and Dianne Reeves. As a bass player he has also worked with artists such as Bob Dylan, Robbie Robertson, Peter Gabriel, Don Henley, Lindsey Buckingham, Randy Newman, and Joni Mitchell.

As a record producer, Klein is a four-time Grammy Award winner, for his work on albums by Joni Mitchell and Herbie Hancock, and has been nominated for six additional Grammy Awards, including three nominations for Producer of the Year. Klein has produced more than 100 albums during his career, for musicians such as Joni Mitchell, Herbie Hancock, Shawn Colvin, Holly Cole, Madeleine Peyroux, The Innocence Mission, Melody Gardot, Walter Becker and Tracy Chapman.

Turbulent Indigo
Turbulent Indigo is the fifteenth album by Canadian singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell, released in 1994.

The album won a Grammy Award for Best Pop Album. John Milward, writing for Rolling Stone, wrote that it was Mitchell's "best album since the mid-'70s".

As of December 2007, the album has sold 311,000 copies in the US.
Uuyoka Combined School
Uuyoka Combined School is a government school in Uuyoka village, Onayena constituency , Oshikoto Region in northern Namibia. It was established during the colonial era in 1961, by the late Tatekulu Mateus Namwiha GwIimbili, a prominent farmer, teacher and lay preacher in the area . It was then known as Osikola yaMulondo, he taught classes under Omukwiyu, Omwaandi trees and many other trees around the area. The school now include grades 1 to 10 and a kindergarten that was inaugurated in 2010 and has about 600 students, and was split recently into a Primary (Uuyoka PS) and Junior Secondary Schools . .

Uuyoka
Uuyoka is a small settlement in Onayena Constituency, Oshikoto Region in Namibia, the village has schools including Uuyoka Combined School which comprises grades 1 to 9. The economy is based on subsistence farming.  It is one of the biggest villages in Onayena. Neighbouring settlements are Oniiwe, Uukete, Oniimwandi, Oniiwe, Ompugulu, Oniimwandi, Omandongo, Onambeke, Uukete, Ethindi, Enkolo, Iikokola, Oniihwa, Okakwiyu, Omadhiya, Okambogo, Okakololo Village, Iihongo  Uushinga, Onamutene, Shimbobela, Okaliveva among others. The village has bad network coverage and without critical road infrastructure and a clinic, but the school was electrified in 2007.
Staats House (Stockport, New York)
The Staats House is a historic building located along the Hudson River near Stockport, Columbia County, New York, United States. The first house at this site was burned and rebuilt on the original foundation c. 1664.

The house was constructed by Abraham Staats circa 1652–1665 with stone walls which are three feet thick. Native American Indians burned the house and killed the original tenant and abducted his wife, but the structure was rebuilt. The house was built on the site where Henry Hudson purportedly landed in 1609.

Abraham Staats
Major Abraham Staats or Abram Staes (Amsterdam January 19, 1620 (baptized)– New York ca. 1694) was one of the first settlers of the New Netherland colonies and is the founder of the Staats family in New Amsterdam and the early American colonies.
The Case Against X
The Case Against X (French: Ouvert contre X) is a 1952 French crime thriller film directed by Richard Pottier and starring Yves Deniaud, Elina Labourdette and Yves Vincent. It was shot at the Saint-Maurice Studios in Paris and on location in the city. The film's sets were designed by the art director Lucien Carré.

Lucien Carré
Lucien Carré (born 1904) was a French art director active in the French cinema designing film sets from the late 1920s to the late 1950s. He worked frequently with the director André Hunebelle as well as Julien Duvivier and Anatole Litvak.
Sword of Honour (Pakistan)
The Sword of Honour is a prestigious award given to the top-performing Gentleman Cadet, Officer Cadet, Aviation Cadet or Lady Cadet during their training period at the Pakistan Military Academy, Pakistan Air Force Academy, Pakistan Naval Academy and the Officers Training School (until 1990). It is considered one of the highest distinctions in the Pakistan Armed Forces, as cadets aspire to win it. The sword is traditionally presented to the recipient during the passing out parade, held biannually at each academy's parade ground.

On 22 September 2006, aviation cadet Saira Amin became the first lady officer to be presented with the Sword of Honour at the passing out parade of the 117th GD Pilot Course. On 20 May 2025,  Asim Munir became first Sword of Honour winner to become Field Marshal.

Pakistan Naval Academy
The Pakistan Naval Academy (PNA), PNS Rahbar, Manora is a federal military academy located in Manora, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

Established in Manora, Karachi, under Vice-Admiral Syed Mohammad Ahsan in 1970, it is one of the technologically advanced military training academy in Pakistan that offers professional academic degrees. Its functions and roles are similar to United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, United States. It  occasionally sends its students to United States Naval Academy for further advanced courses. Besides training its own officers, the academy has also provided basic training to about 2,000 officers of allied countries, including the Chief of Naval Staff of Qatari Emiri Navy.
Love on the Dole (film)
Love on the Dole is a 1941 British drama film directed by John Baxter and starring Deborah Kerr and Clifford Evans. It was adapted by Walter Greenwood, Barbara K. Emary and Rollo Gamble from the 1934 play by Ronald Gow based on Greenwood's 1933 novel of the same name. It was the first English-made feature film to show English police wielding batons against a crowd. It is the best known film by Baxter and one of the best known from British National Pictures.

John Baxter (director)
John Philip Baxter (31 December 1896 – 21 January 1975) was a British filmmaker active from the 1930s to the late-1950s. During that time, he produced, wrote, or directed several films. He directed Deborah Kerr in her first leading role in Love on the Dole (1941), and was the producer-director for the musical-comedy films of Flanagan and Allen during World War II. He was one of the leading directors for British National Pictures.
Vyzhnytsia
Vyzhnytsia (/ˈvɪʒnɪts(j)ə/; Ukrainian: Вижниця, IPA: [ˈwɪʒnɪtsʲɐ] ⓘ; German: Wischnitz; Polish: Wyżnica; Romanian: Vijnița; Russian: Вижница, romanized: Vizhnitsa; Yiddish: וויזשניץ‎, romanized: Vizhnitz) is a small city located in the historical region of Bukovina, on the Cheremosh River in Chernivtsi Oblast of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Vyzhnytsia Raion. Vyzhnytsia hosts the administration of Vyzhnytsia urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 3,803 (2022 estimate).

Vyzhnytsia urban hromada
Vyzhnytsia urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Вижницька міська територіальна громада, romanized: Vyzhnytska miska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in the western Chernivtsi Oblast. Its administrative centre is the city of Vyzhnytsia.

Vyzhnytsia urban hromada has an area of 183.5 km2 (70.8 sq mi). Its population is 16,794 (as of 2023).

Prior to the 2020 administrative reform in Ukraine, Vyzhnytsia urban hromada was founded as an amalgamated hromada on 18 December 2016. As part of the administrative reform, it was expanded into its current form.
Hanover Insurance Park at Fitton Field
Hanover Insurance Park at Fitton Field is a baseball stadium in Worcester, Massachusetts. Primarily used for College of the Holy Cross sporting events, the baseball stadium also served as the home field for the Can-Am League Worcester Tornadoes, and the current home of the Futures Collegiate Baseball League Worcester Bravehearts. The stadium is named after the Reverend James Fitton, who donated land to the Archdiocese of Boston to found the college.

The baseball stadium lacks any outfield bleachers due to the proximity of Interstate 290 and the Fitton Field football stadium. Fitton Field hosted the MIAA High School Baseball State Finals in 2012 and has hosted them each year since 2014. During football season, the baseball field is used for parking and tailgating.

Futures Collegiate Baseball League
The Futures Collegiate Baseball League (FCBL) is a collegiate summer baseball league that began play in 2011. During the 2025 season, the league had two active franchises in Massachusetts, two in Connecticut, and one each in New Hampshire and Vermont.
Ron Bartell
Ronald Bartell (born February 22, 1982) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Central Michigan Chippewas and Howard Bison. Bartell was selected by the St. Louis Rams in the second round of the 2005 NFL draft.

Central Michigan Chippewas football
The Central Michigan Chippewas are a college football program in Division I FBS, representing Central Michigan University (CMU). CMU has the 24th highest overall winning percentage of programs playing in NCAA Division I.

The Chippewas have played in six bowl games in the last nine years, most recently defeating Washington State in the 2021 Sun Bowl. CMU drew 60,624 fans in the 2007 Motor City Bowl. CMU has played a total of eighteen post-season games (conference championships and bowl games), winning seven.