hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Jennings Gardner
William Jennings Gardner (January 23, 1884 – June 15, 1965) was an American football player, coach, and law-enforcement agent.  While working as a Prohibition agent in Chicago, Illinois, Gardner served with Eliot Ness's "Untouchables," a group of hand-picked federal agents who, from 1930 to 1932, sought to put an end to Al Capone's illegal empire. Although Gardner was only involved with the group for a short period of time, he would be prominently mentioned in Ness's memoir of the investigation, The Untouchables, and inspire a recurring character in the 1959 television series based upon that book.: 317, 319–321, 326, 328–329 : 16, 98–99

The Untouchables (1959 TV series)
The Untouchables is an American crime drama produced by Desilu Productions that ran from 1959 to 1963 on the ABC television network. Based on the memoir of the same name by Eliot Ness and Oscar Fraley, it fictionalizes the experiences of Ness as a Prohibition agent fighting crime in Chicago in the 1930s with the help of a special team of agents handpicked for their courage, moral character and incorruptibility, nicknamed the Untouchables. The book was later made into a celebrated film in 1987 and a second, less-successful TV series in 1993.

A dynamic, hard-hitting action drama and a landmark television crime series, The Untouchables won series star Robert Stack the Emmy Award for Best Actor in a Dramatic Series in 1960.
Akhmadov brothers
The Akhmadov brothers (Russian: Братья Ахмадовы) were Chechen Salafi leaders and implacable enemies of Russia who took part in the First and Second Chechen Wars.

The Akhmadov brothers (Uvays, Ruslan, Rizvan, Apti, Imran, Abu, Ramzan, Khuta and Zelimkhan) controlled their home city of Urus-Martan during the late 1990s. All nine brothers reportedly fought against Russia.

Zelimkhan Akhmadov
Zelimkhan Adlanovich Akhmadov (Russian: Зелимхан Адланович Ахмадов; 24 September 1975 – 14 September 2002) was a Chechen militant leader who was the commander of the Grozny and Urus-Martan sectors during the Second Chechen War, taking part in the killing of hundreds of Russian soldiers and Chechen collaborators. He is accused of perpetrating the ambush against OMON members in Grozny which killed 17 members and injured five more.

Akhmadov was blown up in a booby-trapped car on 14 September 2002 in retaliation for the killing of 18 members of the pro-Russian Chechen OMON.
Polar body
A polar body is a small haploid cell that is formed at the same time as an egg cell during oogenesis, but generally does not have the ability to be fertilized. It is named from its polar position in the egg.

When certain diploid cells in animals undergo cytokinesis after meiosis to produce egg cells, they sometimes divide unevenly. Most of the cytoplasm is segregated into one daughter cell, which becomes the egg or ovum, while the smaller polar bodies only get a small amount of cytoplasm. They frequently die and disintegrate by apoptosis, but in some cases remain and can be important in the life cycle of the organism.

Egg cell
The egg cell or ovum (pl.: ova) is the female reproductive cell, or gamete, in most anisogamous organisms (organisms that reproduce sexually with a larger, female gamete and a smaller, male one). The term is used when the female gamete is not capable of movement (non-motile). If the male gamete (sperm) is capable of movement, the type of sexual reproduction is also classified as oogamous. A nonmotile female gamete formed in the oogonium of some algae, fungi, oomycetes, or bryophytes is an oosphere. When fertilized, the oosphere becomes the oospore.

When egg and sperm fuse together during fertilisation, a diploid cell (the zygote) is formed, which rapidly grows into a new organism.
Alexander Mourouzis
Prince Alexander Mourouzis (Greek: Αλέξανδρος Μουρούζης; Romanian: Alexandru Moruzi; 1750/1760 – 1816) was a Grand Dragoman of the Ottoman Empire who served as Prince of Moldavia and Prince of Wallachia. Open to Enlightenment ideas, and noted for his interest in hydrological engineering, Mourouzis was forced to deal with the intrusions of Osman Pazvantoğlu's rebellious troops. In a rare gesture for his period, he renounced the throne in Wallachia, and his second rule in Moldavia was cut short by the intrigues of French diplomat Horace Sébastiani.

Dragoman of the Porte
The Dragoman of the Sublime Porte (Ottoman Turkish: tercümân-ı bâb-ı âlî; Greek: διερμηνέας της Υψηλής Πύλης, romanized: diermineas tis Ypsilis Pylis), Dragoman of the Imperial Council (tercümân-ı dîvân-ı hümâyûn), or simply Grand Dragoman (μέγας διερμηνέας, megas diermineas) or Chief Dragoman (tercümân başı), was the senior interpreter of the Ottoman government—frequently referred to as the "Sublime Porte"—and de facto deputy foreign minister. From the position's inception in 1661 until the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence in 1821, the office was occupied by Phanariotes, and was one of the main pillars of Phanariote power in the Ottoman Empire.
2014 Copa Metropolitana
The 2014 Copa Metropolitana (also known as the 2014 Copa Nestor Ludwig in this edition, in posthumous tribute) was the 2nd season of the Copa Metropolitana, a domestic cup in Rio Grande do Sul football, which is a knockout cup competition. The tournament began on 2 August and ended on 16 November with the final second leg.

In this year, seven clubs of the metropolitan region of the state decided to participate in the Copa Metropolitana, which varies in number of participants according to the interest of clubs in the first, second and third divisions of the Campeonato Gaúcho. This time, one of the two greatest clubs in the state, the Grêmio, will compete in the Copa Sul-Fronteira, to not let unequal with two big clubs in the same competition.

Novo Hamburgo enters in the 2014 Copa Metropolitana defending his title won in 2013, being the first champion in history.

2014 Copa Sul-Fronteira
The 2014 Copa Sul-Fronteira, also known as the 2014 Copa Ivânio Branco de Araújo, was the second season of the Copa Sul-Fronteira, a domestic cup in Rio Grande do Sul football, which is a knockout cup competition. The tournament began on 2 August and ended on 16 November with the final second leg.
Rafael Yabut
Rafael "Pye" Cunanan Yabut (born April 26, 1953) is a Filipino engineer. He was as the acting secretary of Department of Public Works and Highways for a month and as Undersecretary for Unified Project Management Office Operations of DPWH from January 14, 2008, until his retirement last June 2016. He was also the alternate representative of the Secretary to the Toll Regulatory Board. He served as Acting Secretary under the Duterte administration from July 1, 2016, until Mark Villar assumed the post by end of July 2016.

Mark Villar
Mark Aguilar Villar (Tagalog pronunciation: [vilˈjaɾ], born August 14, 1978) is a Filipino politician and businessman serving as a Senator since 2022. He served in President Rodrigo Duterte's cabinet as the Secretary of Public Works and Highways from 2016 to 2021, and was the COVID-19 pandemic isolation czar from 2020 to 2021. A member of the Nacionalista Party, he was the Representative of Las Piñas from 2010 to 2016. Villar has also previously held executive positions in his family's businesses.

Villar hails from a political dynasty based in Las Piñas. His mother Cynthia and his sister Camille are respectively his former and current colleagues in the Senate, while his father, Manny, is a businessman and former Senate President. His wife, Emmeline, is also a politician.
Sappho 96
Sappho 96 is a poem by the archaic Greek lyric poet Sappho.  37 lines of the fragment are preserved on a 6th-century parchment.  The first twenty lines describe an imaginary scene in which an unnamed woman is struck by grief remembering an absent companion, Atthis; the remaining 17 lines, possibly originally a separate poem, reflects more generally on the foolishness of trying to compare human and divine beauty.  As with other poems by Sappho such as poem 16 and 94, memory is a major theme.

Sappho 94
Sappho 94, sometimes known as Sappho's Confession, is a fragment of a poem by the archaic Greek poet Sappho. The poem is written as a conversation between Sappho and a woman who is leaving her, perhaps in order to marry, and describes a series of memories of their time together. It survives on a sixth-century AD scrap of parchment. Scholarship on the poem has focused on whether the initial surviving lines of the poem are spoken by Sappho or the departing woman, and on the interpretation of the eighth stanza, possibly the only mention of homosexual activities in the surviving Sapphic corpus.
Lo mein
Lo mein (traditional Chinese: 撈麵/撈麪; simplified Chinese: 捞面; Cantonese Yale: lou1 min6; pinyin: lāo miàn) is a Chinese dish with noodles. When prepared in the Cantonese style, it is often topped with or accompanied by meat (such as char siu or beef brisket), wontons, or vegetables, and may be served with a bowl of broth for dipping.

Wonton
A wonton (traditional Chinese: 餛飩; simplified Chinese: 馄饨; pinyin: húntun; Jyutping: wan4 tan1) is a type of Chinese dumpling commonly found across regional styles of Chinese cuisine. It is also spelled wantan or wuntun, a transliteration from Cantonese wan4 tan1 (雲吞/云吞), and wenden from Shanghainese hhun den (餛飩/馄饨). Even though there are many different styles of wonton served throughout China, Cantonese wontons are the most popular in the West due to the predominance of Cantonese restaurants overseas.

Wontons, which have their origins in China, have achieved significant popularity in East Asian cuisine, as well as across various Southeast Asian culinary traditions.
Painting With
Painting With is the tenth studio album by American experimental pop band Animal Collective, released on February 19, 2016. The album is a follow-up to Centipede Hz (2012), and features contributions from John Cale and Colin Stetson. It peaked at No. 46 on the Billboard 200. Three singles were issued: "FloriDada" (2015), "Lying in the Grass", and "Golden Gal" (both 2016). A companion EP, The Painters, was released the following year.

For Painting With, the band's line-up consists of Avey Tare (David Portner), Panda Bear (Noah Lennox), and Geologist (Brian Weitz), the same trio which participated for Merriweather Post Pavilion (2009). Deakin (Josh Dibb), who had regrouped into the collective in November 2010 for Centipede Hz, and toured with them from 2011 to 2013, is absent opting to focus on finishing his solo debut Sleep Cycle (2016).

Centipede Hz
Centipede Hz is the ninth studio album by American experimental pop group Animal Collective, released on September 4, 2012, on Domino Records. The album marks the return of band member Deakin, who sat out of the recording and touring of the band's previous album, Merriweather Post Pavilion (2009). On the US Billboard 200, it peaked at No. 16.
Duboce Park Landmark District
Duboce Park Landmark District is a residential section in the Duboce Triangle neighborhood in San Francisco, California.  One of 12 Landmark Districts within San Francisco, it occupies 4 city blocks with 90 properties, as well as Duboce Park.  It features well-preserved, Victorian- and Edwardian-era homes, many in the Queen Anne style.  Most of the district was constructed between 1899 and 1905 by Fernando Nelson, a prolific builder known for his lively ornamentation.  The district is bordered by Duboce Avenue to the south, Waller Street to the north, Scott Street to the west, and Steiner Street to the east.

Duboce Triangle, San Francisco
The Duboce Triangle is a neighborhood of San Francisco, California, located below Buena Vista Park and between the neighborhoods of the Castro/Eureka Valley, the Mission District, and the Lower Haight.

The Duboce Triangle is served by Muni Metro and buses. Because of its location east of Buena Vista Heights and Twin Peaks, the area sees less fog than many places in San Francisco.
Amanita ravenelii
Amanita ravenelii, commonly known as the pinecone lepidella, is a species of fungus in the family Amanitaceae. The whitish fruit bodies (mushrooms) are medium to large, with caps up to 17 centimeters (6+1⁄2 inches) wide, and stems up to 25 cm (10 in) long. The cap surface has large warts and the stem has a scaly, bulbous base. The flesh of the mushrooms is firm, with a distinct chlorine-like odor.

It is widely distributed in mixed and deciduous forests of the southeastern United States, where it grows solitarily or in groups on the ground in late summer and autumn. It has also been recorded in Mexico and Argentina. It is a mycorrhizal species, although the plant species with which it tends to associate are not known. Lookalike North American Amanita species include A. chlorinosma, A. polypyramis, A. mutabilis, and A. armillariiformis. Within the genus Amanita, it is part of the section Lepidella. Guidebooks do not recommend mushrooms of this section as edible; they may be poisonous.

Amanita polypyramis
Amanita polypyramis is a species of Amanita found in the Eastern United States. It is a large, bone white mushroom with an unusual sweet chlorine-like odor. Its species name, polypyramis, refers to the pyramid-like warts on the surface of the pileus (cap).

Though listed in some sources as ranging from New Jersey, to Costa Rica in Central America, the species has been found as far north as New England, concentrated largely in Cape Cod.
Atal I
Atal I is a mountain of the Garhwal Himalaya in Uttarakhand India. Earlier it was known as P.6566. It was renamed after a team from N.I.M. Nehru Institute of Mountaineering climbed four unnamed peaks and named it after former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee, according to Colonel Amit Bisht, principal N.I.M. The peak lies above the Shyamvarn Glacier. The elevation of  Atal I is 6,566 metres (21,542 ft). It is joint 72nd highest located entirely within the Uttrakhand. Nanda Devi, is the highest mountain in this category. It lies 5.7 km ENE of Sudarshan Parbat 6,507 metres (21,348 ft). Swetvarn 6,340 metres (20,801 ft) lies 5 km west and it is 5.6 km ESE of Chaturbhuj 6,654 metres (21,831 ft). It lies 3.1 km SE of Yogeshwar 6,678 metres (21,909 ft).

Sudarshan Parbat
Sudarshan Parbat is a mountain of the Garhwal Himalaya in Uttarakhand India.The elevation of Sudarshan Parbat is 6,529 metres (21,421 ft) and its prominence is 456 metres (1,496 ft). It is joint 87th highest located entirely within the Uttrakhand. Nanda Devi, is the highest mountain in this category. Sudarshan Parbat lies 2.1 km south of Chaturbhuj 6,654 metres (21,831 ft) and 3.3 km west of Shyamvarn 6,135 metres (20,128 ft). Its nearest higher neighbor Chaturbhuj. It is located 3.7 km SW of Yogeshwar 6,678 metres (21,909 ft) and 9.9 km SW lies Manda I 6,511 metres (21,362 ft).
Lycée Français René-Verneau
The Lycée Français René-Verneau de Gran Canaria (Spanish: Liceo Francés de Gran Canaria) is a French international school in Telde, Gran Canaria, Spain. It was established in 1974 and has integrated the Mission laïque française (Mlf) in 1986. It serves levels maternelle (preschool) through terminale, the final year of lycée (senior high school) and it allows French, English and Spanish languages learning from preschool for all children. As of 2017 the school has about 400 students range from 3 to 18 years.

Mission laïque française
The Mission laïque française (French pronunciation: [misjɔ̃ la.ik fʁɑ̃sɛːz]; MLF; "French lay/secular mission") is a non-profit organisation founded in 1902 by Pierre Deschamps. This organisation works to spread the French language and culture by creating and running schools outside France. Its head office is in the 15th arrondissement of Paris.
1879 massacre at Mandalay Palace
The 1879 massacre at Mandalay Palace (Burmese: ၁၈၇၉ မန္တလေးနန်းတွင်းလူသတ်ပွဲ), occurred on 13, 15 and 17 February 1879 (8th, 10th and 12th waning days of Tabodwe, 1240 M.E.) at the Mandalay Palace. It was one of the most notorious events in the history of the Konbaung dynasty.

Orchestrated by Queen Dowager Hsinbyumashin, it was intended to secure the succession of her son-in-law, Prince Thibaw, and her daughter, Supayalat. During King Mindon's final illness, more than forty princes and princesses were killed by a group of co-conspirators to eliminate potential rivals to the throne.

Mindon Min
Mindon Min (Burmese: မင်းတုန်းမင်း, pronounced [mɪ́ɰ̃dóʊɰ̃ mɪ́ɰ̃]; 1808 – 1878), born Maung Lwin, was the penultimate king of Burma (Myanmar) from 1853 to 1878. He was one of the most popular and revered kings of Burma because of his role in the Fifth Buddhist Council. Under his half brother King Pagan, the Second Anglo-Burmese War in 1852 ended with the annexation of Lower Burma by the British Empire. Mindon and his younger brother Kanaung overthrew their half brother King Pagan. He spent most of his reign trying to defend the upper part of his country from British encroachments, and to modernize his kingdom.
Renée Slegers
Renée Josiena Anna Slegers (Dutch: [rəˈneː joːˈsinaː ˈʔɑnaː ˈsleːɣərs]; born 5 February 1989) is a Dutch football coach and former player, who is the head coach of Women's Super League club Arsenal.

Slegers played as a midfielder, representing Willem II, as well as Swedish Damallsvenskan clubs Djurgårdens IF and Linköping FC. She won 55 caps for the Netherlands women's national football team and appeared at UEFA Women's Euro 2013. After her retirement, Slegers began coaching in Sweden and spent two seasons as head coach of FC Rosengård. She joined Arsenal in September 2023, serving as assistant coach under Jonas Eidevall, and became the interim coach in October 2024, following Eidevall's resignation. In January 2025, Slegers was named head coach of Arsenal, signing a contract until the end of the 2025–26 season. Five months after she was named head coach, Arsenal won the Women's Champions League.

Jonas Eidevall
Jonas Benjamin Eidevall (born 28 January 1983) is a Swedish professional football coach who is the head coach of San Diego Wave FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). He was the head coach of Women's Super League club Arsenal from 2021 to 2024, where he won back-to-back FA Women's League Cups. He was the head coach of Swedish club FC Rosengård from 2013 to 2014 and 2018 to 2021, winning three Damallsvenskan titles and one Swedish Cup.
Ann Agnes Trail
Agnes Xavier Trail, O.S.U., (17 February 1798 – 3 December 1872) was a Scottish Ursuline nun, artist and educator. She took a leading role in establishing St Margaret's Convent in Edinburgh, Scotland, the first Catholic convent established in Scotland since the Scottish Reformation.

Ursulines
The Ursulines, also known as the Order of Saint Ursula (post-nominals: OSU), is an enclosed religious order of women that in 1572 branched off from the Angelines, also known as the Company of Saint Ursula. The Ursulines trace their origins to the Angeline foundress Angela Merici and likewise place themselves under the patronage of Saint Ursula. While the Ursulines took up a monastic way of life under the Rule of Saint Augustine, the Angelines operate as a secular institute. The largest group within the Ursulines is the Ursulines of the Roman Union.
2025 U-20 Africa Cup of Nations qualification
The 2025 U-20 Africa Cup of Nations qualification was a men's under-20 football competition that decided the participating teams of the 2025 U-20 Africa  Cup of Nations.

Players born on 1 January 2005 or later were eligible to participate in the competition. A total of twelve teams qualified to play in the final tournament.

2025 U-20 Africa Cup of Nations
The 2025 U-20 Africa Cup of Nations, known as the 2025 U20 AFCON for short and as the 2025 TotalEnergies U-20 Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship purposes, was the 18th edition (25th if editions of the tournament without hosts are included) of the biennial African international youth football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

The four semi-finalists also qualified as the CAF representatives for the 2025 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Chile.

Senegal were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the quarter-finals in a penalty shoot-out against Nigeria.
Randolph McKinnon
Randolph Hugh McKinnon (July 22, 1917 – c. June 10, 2006) was a provincial politician from Alberta, Canada. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1959 to 1967 sitting with the Social Credit caucus in government. During his time in office McKinnon served as a cabinet minister in the government of Premier Ernest Manning from 1964 to 1967.

Ernest Manning
Ernest Charles Manning PC CC AOE (September 20, 1908 – February 19, 1996) was a Canadian politician and the eighth premier of Alberta between 1943 and 1968 for the Social Credit Party of Alberta. He served for 25 years, longer than any other premier in the province's history and the second longest-serving provincial premier in Canadian history (after George Henry Murray of Nova Scotia).

Manning's years as premier were defined by strong social conservatism and fiscal conservatism. He was also the only member of the Social Credit Party of Canada to sit in the Senate and, with the party shut out of the House of Commons in 1980, was its last representative in Parliament when he retired from the Senate in 1983.

Manning's son, Preston Manning, was the founder and leader of the Reform Party of Canada who served as the federal leader of the Official Opposition from 1997 to 2000.
Group of Five
The Group of Five (G5), also known as the Outreach Five (O5), encompasses five nations which have joined for an active role in the rapidly evolving international order. Individually and as a group, the G5 nations work to promote dialogue and understanding between developing and developed countries.  The G5 seek to find common solutions to global challenges. In the 21st century, the G5 were understood to be the five largest emerging economies.

The G8 plus the five largest emerging economies has come to be known as G8+5. The Group of Five was invited collectively at G8 summits from 2005 to 2009. However, the  2014 exclusion of Russia from the G8 and the rise in importance of the BRICS starting in 2009, made of the same countries minus Mexico plus Russia, brought an end to meetings in "Group of Five" format.

31st G8 summit
The 31st G8 summit was held on 6–8 July 2005 at the Gleneagles Hotel in Auchterarder, Scotland and hosted by Prime Minister Tony Blair. The locations of previous G8 summits to have been hosted by the UK include: London (1977, 1984, 1991); and Birmingham (1998). It is the first G8 summit to be held in Scotland. A sixth UK summit was held in Lough Erne in 2013; and a seventh UK summit was held in Carbis Bay in 2021.
NGC 4622
NGC 4622, also known as the Backward Galaxy, is a face-on unbarred spiral galaxy with a very prominent ring structure located in the constellation Centaurus. The galaxy is a member of the Centaurus Cluster.

Centaurus Cluster
The Centaurus Cluster (A3526) is a cluster of hundreds of galaxies, located approximately 170 million light-years away in the Centaurus constellation.  The brightest member galaxy is the elliptical galaxy NGC 4696 (~11m). The Centaurus cluster shares its supercluster, the Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster, with IC4329 Cluster and Hydra Cluster.

The cluster consists of two different sub-groups of galaxies with different velocities. Cen 30 is the main subgroup containing NGC 4696. Cen 45 which is centered on NGC 4709, is moving at 1500 km/s relative to Cen 30, and is believed to be merging with the main cluster.