hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Havlíčkův Brod
Havlíčkův Brod (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦavliːtʃkuːv ˈbrot], until 1945 Německý Brod; German: Deutschbrod) is a town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 24,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Cultural monument (Czech Republic)
The cultural monuments of the Czech Republic (Czech: kulturní památka) are protected properties (both real and movable properties) designated by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. Cultural monuments that constitute the most important part of the Czech cultural heritage may be declared national cultural monuments (Czech: národní kulturní památka) by a regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic. The government may also proclaim a territory, whose character and environment are determined by a group of immovable cultural monuments or archaeological finds, as a whole, as a monument reservation. The Ministry of Culture may proclaim a territory of a settlement with a smaller number of cultural monuments, a historical environment or part of a landscape area that displays significant cultural values as a monument zone.

As of 2019, there are 14 Czech cultural monuments on the World Heritage List.
Cestvs: The Roman Fighter
Cestvs: The Roman Fighter (Japanese: セスタス -The Roman Fighter-, Hepburn: Sesutasu -Za Rōman Faitā-) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Shizuya Wazarai. The first series, Kentō Ankoku Den Cestvs, was serialized in Hakusensha's Young Animal from 1997 to 2009, with its chapters collected in 15 tankōbon volumes. A second series, Kendo Shitō Den Cestvs, was serialized in Young Animal from 2010 to 2014, later transferred to Young Animal Arashi, where it ran from 2014 to 2018, until the magazine ceased its publication; it was published on Manga Park online platform from 2018 to 2020, and was transferred to Young Animal Zero in 2020; as of 2023, eleven volumes have been released. An anime television series aired on Fuji TV's +Ultra programming block from April to June 2021.

+Ultra
+Ultra (プラス・ウルトラ, Purasu Urutora; pronounced Plus Ultra) is a Japanese late-night animeprogramming block produced on Fuji Television under the FNS affiliation, and airs on Wednesday nights from 24:55 to 25:25 JST (effectively Thursday mornings from 12:55 to 1:25 a.m.).
Herman Bundesen
Herman Niels Bundesen (April 27, 1882 – August 25, 1960) was a German-American medical professional, politician, and author. He served two tenures as the chief health official of the city of Chicago, holding this role for more than 34 years in total. He also was elected Cook County coroner. In 1936, he ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic Party nomination for governor of Illinois.

Bundensen was respected in the field of public health. He noted not only for his experience and expertise, but also for his flamboyance. He was perceived to be someone who desired celebrity, often taking advantage of photo ops.

In addition to his tenure as Cook County Coroner and his long service as Chicago's top health official, Bundensen also served as president of the American Public Health Association and as a senior surgeon with the United States Public Health Service.

Cook County Medical Examiner
The Cook County Medical Examiner is the coroner of Cook County, Illinois. Occupants are credential medical examiners, appointed by president of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, subject to confirmation by the Cook County Board of Commissioners. The office was created in 1976, replacing the previous office of Cook County Coroner.

The office of Cook County Coroner existed from 1831 to 1976, and from 1836 was an elected position. County voters, in 1972, elected to replace the office of coroner with the current office of medical examiner.
The Platonic Permutation
"The Platonic Permutation" is the ninth episode of the ninth season of The Big Bang Theory. The 192nd episode overall, it first aired on CBS on November 19, 2015. The story follows the characters throughout Thanksgiving. The first storyline explores Sheldon and Amy's relationship as they meet-up, after being broken up. The next subplot follows Bernadette, Raj, Emily and Howard where they volunteer at a soup kitchen and the last follows Leonard and Penny after they have a minor conflict as Penny forgets Leonard's birthday.

"The Platonic Permutation" features a guest appearance of South-African American entrepreneur and business magnate, Elon Musk as himself. Critics had mixed reviews of the episode. Critics praised Sheldon and Amy's storyline, but were critical of the other two subplots and Musk's appearance.

Howard Wolowitz
Howard Joel Wolowitz, M.Eng. is a fictional character and one of the protagonists on the 2007–2019 CBS television series The Big Bang Theory created by Chuck Lorre and Bill Prady and portrayed by actor Simon Helberg. Among the four main male characters in the show, Howard is distinctive for being an engineer—rather than a physicist—and lacking a PhD. He is named after and based on a computer programmer known by the show's co-creator; Bill Prady. Howard is the only starring character who has been to the International Space Station. Along with Sheldon Cooper, Leonard Hofstadter, and Raj Koothrappali, Howard is part of the central cast of the show.
Carla Cristina
Carla Cristina Trindade Aco Correia (born 25 May 1974), known as Carla Cristina, is a Portuguese former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. She has been a member of the Portugal women's national team.

Portugal women's national football team
The Portugal women's national football team (Portuguese: Seleção Portuguesa de Futebol Feminino) represents Portugal in international women's football competition. The team is controlled by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF) and competes as a member of UEFA in various international football tournaments such as the FIFA Women's World Cup, UEFA Women's Euro, the Summer Olympics, and the Algarve Cup.
Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert
The Badghyz and Karabil semi-desert ecoregion (WWF ID: PA1306) covers the hills north of the central mountain ranges of Afghanistan, southeast Turkmenistan, and portions of Uzbekistan and Tajikistan.  The landscape has been described as "savannah-like" and reminiscent of Africa, with desert sedges (Carex) and stands of wild pistachio trees (Pistacia vera).  The area supports high biodiversity and a number of rare and endemic species, such as the endangered Turkmenian kulan (Equus hemionus kulan).

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
Victoria (British Columbia provincial electoral district)
Victoria was a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia, and was one of the first twelve ridings at the time of that province's joining Confederation in 1871 and stayed on the hustings until 1890.  From 1894 to 1963 it did not appear on the electoral map.  During that period the Victoria area was represented by North Victoria, South Victoria, Saanich, Esquimalt, Oak Bay and Victoria City.  In 1966 the old Victoria City riding was redistributed and given the name of the old "rural" riding, Victoria.

Victoria City (provincial electoral district)
Victoria City was one of the first twelve provincial electoral districts in the province of British Columbia, Canada, upon its entry into Confederation in 1871. It was originally a four-member riding, and elected to the Legislature several prominent members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) and premiers. It last appeared on the hustings in the 1963 election.
Three Treasures (Taoism)
The Three Treasures or Three Jewels (Chinese: 三寶; pinyin: sānbǎo; Wade–Giles: san-pao) are basic virtues in Taoism. Although the Tao Te Ching originally used sanbao to mean "compassion", "frugality", and "humility", the term was later used to translate the Three Jewels (Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha) in Chinese Buddhism, and to mean the Three Treasures (jing, qi, and shen) in Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Refuge in Buddhism
In Buddhism, refuge or taking refuge refers to a religious practice which often includes a prayer or recitation performed at the beginning of the day or of a practice session. Its object is typically the Three Jewels (also known as the Triple Gem, Three Treasures, or Three Refuges, Pali: ti-ratana or ratana-ttaya; Sanskrit: tri-ratna or ratna-traya), which are the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha. Taking refuge is a form of aspiration to lead a life with the Triple Gem at its core. In early Buddhist scriptures, taking refuge is an expression of determination to follow the Buddha's path, but not a relinquishing of responsibility. Refuge is common to all major schools of Buddhism.

Since the period of Early Buddhism, all Theravada and mainstream Mahayana schools only take refuge in the Triple Gem. However, the Vajrayana school includes an expanded refuge formula known as the Three Jewels and Three Roots.
Dominique Hoppe
Dominique Hoppe (born 1959) is the current president of the Assemblée des francophones fonctionnaires des organisations internationales (AFFOI).

Prior to his appointment to the AFFOI, Hoppe was administrator at the European Patent Office, president of the AFIF-PB and president of the Superior Council of the international civil servants in the Netherlands.

In December 2011 he was elected – together with Abdou Diouf – francophone of the year in the framework the world forum of the French language.

In 2014 he received the Gusi Peace Prize - considered as the equivalent of the Nobel Peace Prize in Asia - for Peacebuilding thru development of political and diplomatic networks and activities supporting human rights and fundamental freedoms.

In 2015 he was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. His candidacy was supported by both the OPCW (Nobel Peace Prize 2013) and the CPI.

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) is an intergovernmental organisation and the implementing body for the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which entered into force on 29 April 1997. The OPCW, with its 193 member states, has its seat in The Hague, Netherlands; it oversees the global endeavour for the permanent and verifiable elimination of chemical weapons.

The organisation promotes and verifies the adherence to the Chemical Weapons Convention, which prohibits the use of chemical weapons and requires their destruction. Verification consists both of evaluation of declarations by member states and onsite inspections.

The organisation was awarded the 2013 Nobel Peace Prize "for its extensive efforts to eliminate chemical weapons". Nobel Committee chairman Thorbjørn Jagland said, "The conventions and the work of the OPCW have defined the use of chemical weapons as a taboo under international law".
Tony Roberts (actor)
David Anthony Roberts (October 22, 1939 – February 7, 2025) was an American actor known for his roles on stage and screen. He is best known for his collaborations with filmmaker Woody Allen, having acted in six of his films, most notably Annie Hall (1977).

Roberts also acted in films by Sidney Lumet, Blake Edwards, and Herbert Ross. On stage, he made his Broadway debut in the Ernest Kinoy play Something About a Soldier (1962). He received two Tony Award nominations for his supporting roles in the musical comedy How Now, Dow Jones (1968) and Woody Allen's comedic play Play It Again, Sam (1969).

Blake Edwards
Blake Edwards (born William Blake Crump; July 26, 1922 – December 15, 2010) was an American filmmaker, producer, and screenwriter. Often thought of as primarily a director of comedies, he also directed several drama, musical, and detective films. Late in his career, he took up writing, producing and directing for theater. He received an Honorary Academy Award in recognition of his writing, directing and producing an extraordinary body of work for the screen.

Born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, Edwards began his career in the 1940s as an actor, but he soon began writing screenplays and radio scripts before turning to producing and directing in television and films. His best-known films include Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961), Days of Wine and Roses (1962), A Shot in the Dark (1964), The Great Race (1965), 10 (1979), Victor/Victoria (1982), Blind Date (1987), and the hugely successful Pink Panther film series with British actor Peter Sellers.
Liechtensteiner Volksblatt
The Liechtensteiner Volksblatt was a daily newspaper in Liechtenstein. It was published by the Liechtensteiner Volksblatt AG and peaked with a circulation of 9,000 copies in 2005. The editorial office was located in Schaan. Founded in 1878, the newspaper was considered the party newspaper of the Progressive Citizens' Party (FBP) from 1918 onwards. In March 2023, the newspaper ceased publication due to declining subscriptions and rising costs.

Progressive Citizens' Party
The Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein (German: Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein, FBP) is a conservative political party in Liechtenstein. The FBP is one of the two major political parties in Liechtenstein, along with the liberal-conservative Patriotic Union. Founded in 1918 along with the now-defunct Christian-Social People's Party, it is the oldest extant party in Liechtenstein.
Microtubule plus-end tracking protein
Microtubule plus-end/positive-end tracking proteins or +TIPs are a type of microtubule associated protein (MAP) which accumulate at the plus ends of microtubules. +TIPs are arranged in diverse groups which are classified based on their structural components; however, all classifications are distinguished by their specific accumulation at the plus end of microtubules and their ability to maintain interactions between themselves and other +TIPs regardless of type. +TIPs can be either membrane bound or cytoplasmic, depending on the type of +TIPs. Most +TIPs track the ends of extending microtubules in a non-autonomous manner.

Microtubule-associated protein
In cell biology, microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are proteins that interact with the microtubules of the cellular cytoskeleton. MAPs are integral to the stability of the cell and its internal structures and the transport of components within the cell.
Alejandro Saez
Manuel Alejandro Saez Palominos, better known simply as Alejandro Saez, is a Chilean professional wrestler currently competing for various professional wrestling promotions on the independent circuit. He is known by the ring name Xtra Large (meaning "extra large" as it implies) on the independent scene. In 2016, Saez was a participant in the WWE Cruiserweight Classic, where he was eliminated in the first round. In addition to WWE, Saez has also toured with Pro Wrestling Noah, where he competed in the 2016 Global League.

Cruiserweight Classic
The Cruiserweight Classic, formerly the Global Cruiserweight Series, was a professional wrestling tournament and WWE Network event produced by WWE. All participants were billed at a weight of 205 lbs or less to determine the inaugural WWE Cruiserweight Champion for WWE's revived cruiserweight division. The tournament consisted of various matches that had predetermined results. Tournament qualifying matches took place in various promotions of the independent circuit, including well-known promotions such as Revolution Pro Wrestling, Progress Wrestling, and Evolve. Many cruiserweight wrestlers from around the world were given the chance to qualify for the 32-man tournament, which took place over four dates: June 23, July 13, August 26, and September 14, 2016. The winner was T. J. Perkins.
Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21
The Canadian Museum of Immigration at Pier 21 (French: Musée canadien de l'immigration du Quai 21), in Halifax, Nova Scotia, is Canada's national museum of immigration. The museum occupies part of Pier 21, the former ocean liner terminal and immigration shed from 1928 to 1971. Pier 21 is Canada's last remaining ocean immigration shed. The facility is often compared to Ellis Island (1892–1954), in terms of its importance to mid-20th-century immigration to Canada an association it shares with 19th century immigration history at Grosse Isle, Quebec (1832–1932) and Partridge Island in Saint John, New Brunswick (1785–1941). The museum began as an independent institution run by the Pier 21 Society in 1999. It became a national museum run by the Canadian federal government in 2011.

National museums of Canada
The national museums of Canada (French: musées nationaux du Canada) are the nine museums in Canada designated under the federal Museums Act and operated by the Government of Canada. The national museums are responsible for "preserving and promoting the heritage of Canada and all its peoples" and serving as "a source of inspiration, research, learning and entertainment... in both official languages."

There are many other museums owned and operated by the Canadian federal government that are not considered national museums. The Bank of Canada Museum in Ottawa, Correctional Service of Canada Museum in Kingston, and the National Historic Sites of Canada operated by Parks Canada across the country are all examples of museums administered by federal agencies but outside the national museums system.
Berndt–Hall–Hall–Hausman algorithm
The Berndt–Hall–Hall–Hausman (BHHH) algorithm is a numerical optimization algorithm similar to the Newton–Raphson algorithm, but it replaces the observed negative Hessian matrix with the outer product of the gradient. This approximation is based on the information matrix equality and therefore only valid while maximizing a likelihood function. The BHHH algorithm is named after the four originators: Ernst R. Berndt, Bronwyn Hall, Robert Hall, and Jerry Hausman.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Kofoworola Abeni Pratt
Chief Kofoworola Abeni Pratt ListenⓘHon. FRCN (née Scott, 1915 – 18 June 1992) was a Nigerian nurse who was one of the first notable black nurses to work in Britain's National Health Service. She subsequently became vice-president of the International Council of Nurses and the first black Chief Nursing Officer of Nigeria, working in the Federal Ministry of Health.

Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
The Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare is one of the Federal Ministries of Nigeria concerned with the formulation and implementation of policies related to health. It is headed by two ministers appointed by the president, assisted by a permanent secretary, who is a career civil servant. The current Minister of Health is Muhammad Ali Pate, the Minister of State for Health is Iziaq Adekunle Salako and the Permanent Secretary is Daju Kachollom.  The ministry is  at Federal Secretariat Complex, Phase III, Shehu Shagari Way, Central Business District, FCT Abuja, Nigeria.
Thomas Schaaf
Thomas Schaaf (born 30 April 1961) is a German professional football manager and former player who played as a defender. A "one-club man", Schaaf spent his entire playing career (1978–1995) and most of his managerial career with Bundesliga club Werder Bremen. He started coaching the team in 1999 and stepped down in 2013, being one of the longest-serving coaches in the Bundesliga. As a player, he won the Bundesliga (1988, 1993) and the DFB-Pokal (1991, 1994) twice and the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (1992) once; as a manager, he won the Bundesliga once (2004) and the DFB-Pokal three times (1999, 2004, 2009).

1990–91 DFB-Pokal
The 1990–91 DFB-Pokal was the 48th season of the annual German football cup competition. 64 teams competed in the tournament of six rounds. It began on 4 August 1990 and ended on 22 June 1991. After the semi-finals both had to be replayed after draws in the first games the final went into extra time, too. Eventually Werder Bremen defeated FC Köln 4–3 on penalties to take their second title.
2004 MBNA America 400 "A Salute to Heroes"
The 2004 MBNA America 400 "A Salute to Heroes" was the 13th stock car race of the 2004 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series season and the 36th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, June 6, 2004, before a crowd of 140,000 in Dover, Delaware at Dover International Speedway, a 1-mile (1.6 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 400 laps to complete. At race's end, Mark Martin of Roush Racing would survive through a wreck-fest to win his 34th career NASCAR Nextel Cup Series win, his first of the season, and would break a 72-race losing streak. To fill out the podium, Tony Stewart of Joe Gibbs Racing finished 2nd, and Dale Earnhardt Jr. of Dale Earnhardt, Inc. finished 3rd.

Dover, Delaware
Dover (/ˈdoʊvər/ DOH-vər) is the capital and the second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Delaware, after Wilmington. It is also the county seat of Kent County and the principal city of the Dover metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Kent County and is part of the Philadelphia–Wilmington–Camden, PA–NJ–DE–MD, combined statistical area. It is located on the St. Jones River in the Delaware River coastal plain. It was named by William Penn for Dover in Kent, England (for which Kent County is named). As of 2020, its population was 39,403.
Hector de Zayas
Hector de Zayas (September 7, 1910 – July 26, 1944) was a highly decorated United States Marine Corps lieutenant colonel. He was killed in action during the second battle of Guam in World War II and was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.