hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calopadia schomerae
Calopadia schomerae is a species of lichen in the family Ectolechiaceae. It forms a thin, grayish-green crust on tree bark and living leaves. The species is known only from Everglades National Park in southern Florida, where it grows in pond apple swamps and shaded hardwood hammocks.

Annona glabra
Annona glabra is a tropical fruit tree in the family Annonaceae, in the same genus as the soursop and cherimoya. Common names include pond apple, alligator apple (so called because American alligators often eat the fruit), swamp apple, corkwood, bobwood, and monkey apple. The tree is native to Florida in the United States, the Caribbean, Central and South America, and West Africa. It is common in the Everglades. The A. glabra tree is considered an invasive species in Sri Lanka and Australia. It grows in swamps, is tolerant of saltwater, and cannot grow in dry soil.
2024 Honda Indy 200
The 2024 Honda Indy 200 at Mid-Ohio was the ninth round of the 2024 IndyCar season. The race was held on Sunday, July 7, 2024, in Lexington, Ohio at the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course. Pato O'Ward scored his second win of the 2024 season by holding off polesitter Álex Palou in the final laps. Scott McLaughlin rounded out the podium in third.

Álex Palou
Álex Palou Montalbo (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈaləks ˈpalɔw monˈtalbu]; born 1 April 1997) is a Spanish racing driver who drives for Chip Ganassi Racing in the IndyCar Series, where he won the 2021, 2023, 2024, and 2025 championships and the 2025 Indianapolis 500. He is the first Spanish racing driver to win a national championship in American open-wheel racing history and also the first Spaniard to win in the GP3 Series and the Indianapolis 500.
Ubaidul Haq
Ubaidul Haq (Bengali: উবায়দুল হক; 2 May 1928 – 6 October 2007), also spelt Obaidul Haq (Bengali: ওবাইবদুল হক), was a Bangladeshi teacher, muhaddith, mufassir and writer. He was the former khatib of the national mosque of Bangladesh.

Baitul Mukarram
Baitul Mukarram (lit. 'The Honored House'), officially Baitul Mukarram National Mosque, is the national mosque of Bangladesh. It is located at the center of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. The mosque was completed in 1968. It has a capacity of more than 42,000 worshippers.
Theta Alpha Kappa
Theta Alpha Kappa (ΘΑΚ) is an American honor society for religious studies and theology. It was established in 1976 at Manhattan College in the Bronx, New York City, New York. It is a member of the Association of College Honor Societies.

Association of College Honor Societies
The Association of College Honor Societies (ACHS) is a voluntary membership organization composed of national collegiate and post-graduate honor societies. Founded in 1925, ACHS publishes standards for its member organizations and evaluates applicants based on those criteria. ACHS is a voluntary professional association and is not a governmental accrediting agency.
San Huang Pao Chui
San Huang Pao Chui (Chinese: 三皇炮捶) literally can be translated from Chinese as "Three Emperor Cannon Fist". San Huang Pao Chui originated from the three emperors Fu Xi, Shennong, and Gonggong in China. They were previously known throughout China as the Three August Ones. The popular spread of Pao Chui was in early association with Shaolin and was one of the first styles implemented into the Shaolin monastery training regimen. The first Shaolin monks learned this style from local martial artists from Mount Emei. Local legends say that the style was created by the bonding of Heaven, Earth, and the three emperors.

At a festival of the Emperor Gaozu, Shaolin monk Tanzong gave a demonstration of Pao Chui.

Chen-style tai chi includes a Pao Chui routine in its curriculum.

Chen-style tai chi
The Chen-style tai chi (Chinese: 陳氏太极拳; pinyin: Chén shì tàijíquán) is a Northern Chinese martial art and the original form of tai chi. Chen-style is characterized by silk reeling, alternating fast and slow motions, and bursts of power (fa jin).

Traditionally, tai chi is practiced as a martial art but has expanded into other domains of practice such as health or performances. Some argue that Chen-style tai chi has preserved and emphasized the martial efficacy to a greater extent.
Niels Vandeputte
Niels Vandeputte (born 19 September 2000) is a Belgian cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Continental team Alpecin–Premier Tech Development Team. He won the prestigious Under-23 Duinencross Koksijde in 2019.

Duinencross Koksijde
The Duinencross Koksijde ("Cyclo-cross of Dunes") is a cyclo-cross race held in Koksijde, Belgium since 1969. In 2025 it returned to the UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup, having previously been that series from 1996-2021, forming part of the Cyclo-cross Trophy series in the gap.
Great Lakes Crossing Outlets
Great Lakes Crossing Outlets, formerly Great Lakes Crossing, is a shopping mall in Auburn Hills, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, in the United States. The site of the mall was originally to have been occupied by a different mall called Auburn Mills, which was never built due to financial issues of its intended developer, Western Development Corporation (former name of The Mills Corporation). Great Lakes Crossing was built on the site and opened in 1998.

Owned and managed by Simon Property Group (which acquired the former original developer, owner and manager Taubman Realty Group/Taubman Centers in November 2025), Great Lakes Crossing Outlets is the largest outlet mall in the state of Michigan. It features 185 stores, with anchor stores including Burlington, Primark, Bass Pro Shops, TJ Maxx, Dick's Sporting Goods, and Marshalls; other notable attractions include a 1,000-seat food court, a 25-screen AMC Star movie theater, Round1, Legoland Discovery Center, and Sea Life Michigan.

Outlet store
An outlet store, factory outlet or factory store is a brick and mortar or online store where manufacturers sell their merchandise directly to the public. Products at outlet stores are usually sold at reduced prices compared to regular stores due to being overstock, closeout, returned, factory seconds, or lower-quality versions manufactured specifically for outlets. Traditionally, a factory outlet was a store attached to a factory or warehouse, sometimes allowing customers to watch the production process, such as in the original L.L. Bean store. In modern usage, outlet stores are typically manufacturer-branded stores such as Gap or Bon Worth grouped together in outlet malls. The invention of the factory outlet store is often credited to Harold Alfond, founder of the Dexter Shoe Company.
Svetlana Lunina
Svetlana Borisovna Lunina is an Uzbekistani archaeologist specialising in the study of ceramic material and painting techniques of Central Asian monuments. She was a professor at Tashkent State University.

National University of Uzbekistan
National University of Uzbekistan (NUUz; Uzbek: Mirzo Ulugʻbek nomidagi Oʻzbekiston milliy universiteti, OʻzMU) is a public research university located in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. NUUz is the oldest and largest university in Uzbekistan.

The National University of Uzbekistan is named after Mirzo Ulugbek. NUUz professors and teaching staff work with modern materials and science and have relationships with the world's most distinguished scientific schools.
Seetharama Raju
Seetharama Raju is a 1999 Indian Telugu-language action drama film written and directed by Y. V. S. Chowdary. Produced by Nagarjuna, and D. Sivaprasad Reddy, it stars Nandamuri Harikrishna, Nagarjuna Akkineni, Sakshi Shivanand, and Sanghavi with music composed by M. M. Keeravani. The film won two state Nandi Awards.

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
1980 FAMAS Awards
The 29th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Awards Night was held in 1980 at Manila Midtown Ramada, Philippines. This is for the Outstanding Achievements of the different films for the year 1979.

Durugin si Totoy Bato of FPJ Productions was the most awarded film of the 28th FAMAS Awards with 5 wins. However, it failed to win the FAMAS Award for Best Picture. Jaguar won the awards for Best Picture and Best Director. Nora Aunor won Best Actress for her film Ina Ka ng Anak Mo, while Fernando Poe Jr. won Best Actor.

Jaguar was also entered into competition for the Palme d'Or at the 1980 Cannes Film Festival.

FAMAS Award for Best Picture
The FAMAS Award for Best Picture is one of the FAMAS Awards, awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Award, which are voted on by Palanca Award-winning writers and movie columnists, writers and people in the film industry (directors, actors, producers, technicians, crew etc.). The Best Picture FAMAS has always been considered the most important and top prize, and has been awarded by Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences ever since the first ceremony in 1953.

The FAMAS Award winner for Best Picture is usually the most prestigious selection of the best Filipino motion picture of the year. The FAMAS Best Pictures are held in high regard as the FAMAS is the equivalent of the Academy Awards in the Philippines.
Charles Middleton, 2nd Earl of Middleton
Charles Middleton, 2nd Earl of Middleton, Jacobite 1st Earl of Monmouth, PC (1649/1650 – 9 August 1719) was a Scottish and English politician who held several offices under Charles II and James II & VII. He served as Secretary of State for Scotland, the Northern Department and the Southern Department, before acting as Jacobite Secretary of State and chief advisor to James II and then his son James III during their exile in France.

Privy Council of England
The Privy Council of England, also known as His (or Her) Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council (Latin: concilium familiare, concilium privatum et assiduum), was a body of advisers to the sovereign of the Kingdom of England. Its members were often senior members of the House of Lords and the House of Commons, together with leading churchmen, judges, diplomats and military leaders.

The Privy Council of England was a powerful institution, advising the sovereign on the exercise of the royal prerogative and on the granting of royal charters. It issued executive orders known as Orders in Council and also had judicial functions.

In 1708, the Privy Council of England was abolished and subsumed into the Privy Council of Great Britain along with the Privy Council of Scotland.
Paul Murry
Paul Murry (November 25, 1911 – August 4, 1989) was an American cartoonist and comics artist. He is best known for his Disney comics, which appeared in Dell Comics and Gold Key Comics from 1946 to 1984, particularly the Mickey Mouse and Goofy three-part adventure stories in Walt Disney's Comics and Stories.

Dell Comics
Dell Comics was the comic book publishing arm of Dell Publishing, which got its start in pulp magazines.  It published comics from 1929 to 1973.  At its peak, it was the most prominent and successful American company in the medium. In 1953, Dell claimed to be the world's largest comics publisher, selling 26 million copies each month.
Tom Jones (1963 film)
Tom Jones is a 1963 British period comedy film, an adaptation of Henry Fielding's classic 1749 novel The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling. It is directed by Tony Richardson from a screenplay written by John Osborne, and stars Albert Finney as the titular character. The cast also features Susannah York, Hugh Griffith, Edith Evans, Joan Greenwood, Diane Cilento, and David Warner in his film debut.

The film was a success both critically and at the box office, and was one of the most critically acclaimed and popular comedies of its time.  At the 36th Academy Awards, it was nominated for ten Oscars, winning four: Best Picture, Best Director for Richardson, Best Adapted Screenplay and Best Original Score. It also won two Golden Globe Awards, including Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy, and three BAFTA Awards, including Best Film and Best British Film.

In 1999, the British Film Institute ranked it as the 51st greatest British film of the 20th century.

BFI Top 100 British films
In 1999, the British Film Institute surveyed 1,000 people from the world of British film and television to produce a list of the greatest British films of the 20th century. Voters were asked to choose up to 100 films that were "culturally British".
Finnis souterrain
Finnis souterrain, also known locally as Binder's Cove, is an excavated drystone souterrain in Finnis (Irish: Fionnais), south of Dromara, County Down, Northern Ireland. The site is a scheduled monument and is one of only a few souterrains open to the public.

Dry stone
Dry stone, dry laid in the USA, or drystack or, in Scotland and Northern England, drystane, is a building method by which structures are constructed from stones without any mortar to bind them together. A certain amount of binding is obtained through the use of carefully selected interlocking stones.

Dry stone construction is best known in the context of stone walls, traditionally used for the boundaries of fields and churchyards, or as retaining walls for terracing, but dry stone shelters, houses and other structures also exist.  The term tends not to be used for the many historic styles which used precisely-shaped stone, but did not use mortar, for example the Greek temple and Inca architecture.

The art of dry stone walling was inscribed in 2018 on the UNESCO representative list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity, for dry stone walls in countries such as France, Greece, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Switzerland and Spain. In 2024, Ireland was added to the list.
Phlebotomy
Phlebotomy is the process of making a puncture in a vein, usually in the arm or hand, with a cannula for the purpose of drawing blood. The procedure itself is known as a venipuncture, which is also used for intravenous therapy. A person who performs a phlebotomy is called a phlebotomist, although most doctors, nurses, and other technicians can also carry out a phlebotomy. In contrast, phlebectomy is the removal of a vein.

Phlebotomies that are carried out in the treatment of some blood disorders are known as therapeutic phlebotomies. The average volume of whole blood drawn in a therapeutic phlebotomy to an adult is 1 unit (450–500 ml) weekly to once every several months, as needed.

Fingerstick
In medicine, some blood tests are conducted on capillary blood obtained by fingerstick (or fingerprick) (or, for neonates, by an analogous heelprick). The site, free of surface arterial flow, where the blood is to be collected is sterilized with a topical germicide, and the skin pierced with a sterile lancet. After a droplet has formed, capillary blood is captured in a capillary tube (usually relying on surface tension) or on a membrane.
Lockheed CL-1201
The Lockheed CL-1201 was a design study by Lockheed for a large 6,000-ton nuclear-powered transport aircraft during the late 1960s. One possible use of the concept was as an airborne aircraft carrier.

Although the Department of Defense does not seem to have records of the study's ultimate outcome, the design itself has nonetheless been cited by several sources.

Airborne aircraft carrier
An airborne aircraft carrier is a type of mother ship aircraft which can carry, launch, retrieve and support other smaller parasite aircraft. The only dedicated examples to have been built were airships, although existing heavier-than-air aircraft have been modified for use in similar roles.
Herboxidiene
Herboxidiene is a polyketide molecule soluble in polar solvents such as water, ethanol, n-butanol and acetone but insoluble in non-polar solvents such as hexane. It was first isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces chromofuscus by Monsanto in 1992. Herboxidiene shows in vitro antitumor activity by targeting the SF3B protein in the splicesosome. Many antitumor derivatives have also been developed from herboxidiene through chemical modification.

Spliceosome
A spliceosome is a large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex found primarily within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. The spliceosome is assembled from small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) and numerous proteins. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) molecules bind to specific proteins to form a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex (snRNP, pronounced "snurps"), which in turn combines with other snRNPs to form a large ribonucleoprotein complex called a spliceosome. The spliceosome removes introns from a transcribed pre-mRNA, a type of primary transcript.  This process is generally referred to as splicing.  An analogy is a film editor, who selectively cuts out irrelevant or incorrect material (equivalent to the introns) from the initial film and sends the cleaned-up version to the director for the final cut.

However, sometimes the RNA within the intron acts as a ribozyme, splicing itself without the use of a spliceosome or protein enzymes.
Gopal Krishna Vishwakarma
Gopal Krishna Vishwakarma, more popularly known as G K Vishwakarma, (1 October 1934 – 24 March 2004) was an Indian orthopedic surgeon, academician and public health administrator. He was the Director General of Health Services from October 1986 to his retirement in October 1992. He was awarded the Silver Jubilee Award (1983) and the Dr. B. C. Roy Award by Medical Council of India, The Government of India, in recognition of his contributions to the field of medicine and public health honored him with the Padma Shri (1985) one of India's highest civilian awards in India.

Dr. B. C. Roy Award
The Bidhan Chandra Roy Award is an award instituted in 1962 in memory of Bidhan Chandra Roy by the National Medical Commission. It is presented by the President of India in New Delhi every year on July 1, the National Doctors' Day. It is also the highest honour that can be achieved by a doctor in India.

The award is given annually in each of the following categories:

Statesmanship of the Highest Order in India.

Medical Statesman,

Eminent Medical Person,

Eminent person in Philosophy,

Eminent person in Science

Eminent person in Arts.

It was first awarded in 1971 to Dr. M.N. Sarkar of Calcutta National Medical Medical College, Calcutta (earlier referred to as the Calcutta National Medical Institute), by V. V. Giri, the then President of India.
Vivek Ranade
Vivek Vinayak Ranade (born 1963) is an Indian chemical engineer, entrepreneur, professor of chemical engineering at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of the Queen's University, Belfast and chair professor of process engineering at the Bernal Institute of the University of Limerick . He is a former chair professor and deputy director of the National Chemical Laboratory, Pune. He is known for his work on bubble column, stirred and trickle-bed reactors and is an elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy. and the Indian National Academy of Engineering. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Engineering Sciences in 2004.

Trickle-bed reactor
A trickle-bed reactor (TBR) is a  chemical reactor that uses the downward movement of a liquid and the downward (co-current) or upward (counter-current) movement of gas over a packed bed of (catalyst) particles. It is considered to be the simplest reactor type for performing catalytic reactions where a gas and liquid (normally both reagents) are present in the reactor and accordingly it is extensively used in processing plants. Typical examples are liquid-phase hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrodenitrogenation in refineries (three phase hydrotreater) and oxidation of harmful chemical compounds in wastewater streams or of cumene in the cumene process.
Also in the treatment of waste water trickle bed reactors are used where the required biomass resides on the packed bed surface.
Chota K. Naidu
Chota K. Naidu (born 3 July 1962) is an Indian cinematographer known for his work primarily in Telugu cinema. Naidu has received two state Nandi Awards for his work in Anji (2004) and Kotha Bangaru Lokam (2008), along with two Filmfare Awards South for Kotha Bangaru Lokam and Damarukam (2012).

His contributions as a Director of Photography (DOP) in Telugu, Tamil, and Hindi films, as well as in television, have been widely appreciated over the past 30 years. He is a member of the Indian Society of Cinematographers, the South Indian Cinematographers Association, and the Telugu Cinematographers Association.

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
Tie (music)
In music notation, a tie is a curved line connecting the heads of two or more notes of the same pitch, indicating that they are to be played as a single note with a duration equal to the sum of the individual notes' values. A tie is similar in appearance to a slur; however, slurs join notes of different pitches which need to be played independently, but seamlessly (legato).

Ties are used for three reasons: (a) when holding a note across a bar line; (b) when holding a note across a beat within a bar, i.e. to allow the beat to be clearly seen; and (c) for unusual note lengths which cannot be expressed in standard notation.

Bar (music)
In musical notation, a bar (or measure) is a segment of music bounded by vertical lines, known as bar lines (or barlines), usually indicating one or more recurring beats. The length of the bar, measured by the number of note values it contains, is normally indicated by the time signature.
Roy Hattersley
Roy Sydney George Hattersley, Baron Hattersley, PC FRSL (born 28 December 1932) is a British politician, author and journalist from Sheffield. A member of the Labour Party, he was MP for Birmingham Sparkbrook for over 32 years from 1964 to 1997, and served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1983 to 1992.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.