hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1948–49 Netherlands Football League Championship
The Netherlands Football League Championship 1948–1949 was contested by 66 teams participating in six divisions. The national champion would be determined by a play-off featuring the winners of the eastern, northern, two southern and two western football divisions of the Netherlands. SVV won this year's championship by beating BVV Den Bosch, AGOVV Apeldoorn, sc Heerenveen, VSV and NOAD.

SC Telstar
Sportclub Telstar (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈspɔrtklʏp ˈtɛlstɑr]), commonly known simply as Telstar, is a Dutch professional football club based in Velsen-Zuid, North Holland. Nicknamed the Witte Leeuwen ("White Lions") for their all‑white home strip, the team competes in the Eredivisie, the highest tier of the Dutch football league system, having secured promotion via the 2024–25 play‑offs—their first top‑flight appearance since 1978.

Founded on 17 July 1963 through the merger of the professional sections of local rivals VSV and Stormvogels, the new club was named after the recently launched communications satellite Telstar 1. Telstar play their home matches at Sportpark Schoonenberg, branded the BUKO Stadion for sponsorship purposes, a compact all‑seater ground that has a capacity of 6,000. Since formation the team have taken to the field to the Tornados' instrumental "Telstar", a tradition that underlines their link with the satellite and remains a distinctive feature of match days.
Paweł Korzeniowski
Paweł Korzeniowski (born 9 July 1985) is a Polish competitive swimmer who won the 200-meter butterfly at the 2005 World Aquatics Championships in Montreal. He also competes in the freestyle events.

Initially trained by Paweł Woźnicki in Oświęcim-based Unia Oświęcim club, in 2005 he was transferred to Warsaw-based AZS AWF Warszawa club, where he has been trained by Paweł Słomiński. His current coach, since 2009, is Robert Bialecki.

2005 World Aquatics Championships
The 2005 World Aquatics Championships (French: Championnats du monde de natation 2005) or the XI FINA World Championships were held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada from July 16 to July 31, 2005. They took place in Parc Jean-Drapeau on Saint Helen's Island.
Era Aviation
Era Aviation was a fixed wing airline as well as a commercial helicopter operation based in Anchorage, Alaska, United States. It operated a network of scheduled fixed wing passenger services from Anchorage as well as from Bethel, AK on behalf of Alaska Airlines via a code sharing agreement. Its main base was located at the Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport (ANC). Era Aviation was later renamed Corvus Airlines and subsequently did business as Ravn Alaska before ultimately ending service in August, 2025.  The company slogan was FlySmart. FlyEra.

Bethel, Alaska
Bethel (Central Yupik: Mamterilleq) is a city in the U.S. state of Alaska, located on the Kuskokwim River approximately 50 miles (80 km) from where the river flows into Kuskokwim Bay. It is the largest community in western Alaska and in the Unorganized Borough, as well as the eighth-largest in the state. Bethel has a population of 6,325 as of the 2020 census, up from 6,080 in 2010.

Annual events in Bethel include the Kuskokwim 300 dogsled race; Camai, a Yup'ik dance festival held each spring; and the Bethel Fair held in August.
Aghmat
Aghmat (Tashelhit: Aɣmat, Arabic: أغمات Āghmāt; pronounced locally Ughmat, Uɣmat) was an important commercial medieval Berber town in Morocco. It is today an archaeological site known as "Joumâa Aghmat".

The city is located approximately 30 km south-east of Marrakesh on the Ourika road. The initial "a" of the name may be unvocalized, and the name may sometimes be spelled "Ghmat", "Ghmate" or even the French-style "Rhmate" (as it appears in the Michelin Guide).

According to a Berber legend, Aghmat was populated by Christian Berbers when it was conquered in 683 by the Muslim forces of Uqba ibn Nafi, a general of the Umayyad Caliphate in Syria. However, this story first surfaces almost 700 years after that date, and many historians give it no credibility. It is directly contradicted by one of the earliest Persian historians, al-Baladhuri. who states that Musa bin Nusair conquered the Sous and erected the mosque at Aghmāt.

Sous
The Sous region (also spelt Sus, Suss, Souss or Sousse) (Arabic: سوس, romanized: sūs, Tachelhit: ⵙⵓⵙ, romanized: sus) is a historical, cultural and geographical region of Morocco, which constitutes part of the region administration of Souss-Massa and Guelmim-Oued Noun. The region is known for the endemic argan tree (which has become a symbol of Souss) as well as for being the capital of the Shilha Berber ethnic group. It is a major commercial and tourist agricultural region of Morocco. Vegetable production, shared between very large farms and small producers, contributes to the economic development of the region. The Souss plain produces 40% of Moroccan citrus fruits, and 60% of the production of early vegetables. It is historically a stage of trans-Saharan trade.
Niels Hanssøn Meng
Niels Hanssøn Meng (1604 – August 1676) was a Norwegian timber trader, property owner and civil leader.

Meng was born at Fredrikstad in Østfold, Norway. He was a leading timber merchant of the town, came to great wealth, and was the owner of dozens of farms. Around 1640, he settled in Halden  and increased his holdings in Båhuslen  and Follo.

About 1630, he came into public service, first in Nordre Viken, and from 1644 to 1655 as bailiff there and in Idd and Marker. In addition, he was royal customs officer at Halden and Svinesund. He was also judge and acting district governor of Smaalenenes (now Østfold).   Meng was the first Mayor of Fredrikshald, after it was given town privileges from 1665.

Through his marriage to Johanne Christensdatter (b. ca. 1615), he received significant properties in Båhuslen. He was the father of four daughters and included among his sons-in law,  Peder Olsen Normand (d. 1676) who was a merchant at Halden  and owner of  Holene in Idd.

Halden
Halden (pronounced [ˈhɑ̀ɫdn̩] ⓘ), between 1665 and 1928 known as Fredrikshald, is both a town and a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The municipality borders Sarpsborg to the northwest, Rakkestad to the north and Aremark to the east, as well as the Swedish municipalities Strömstad, Tanum and Dals-Ed respectively to the southwest, south and southeast.

The seat of the municipality, Halden is a border town located at the mouth of the Tista river on the Iddefjord, the southernmost border crossing between Norway and Sweden. The town of Halden is located about 120 km (75 mi) south of Oslo, 190 km (120 mi) north of Gothenburg, and 12 km (7.5 mi) west of the border crossing at Svinesund.
NetWorth
NetWorth, Inc. was an American computer networking hardware company active from 1985 to 1995 and based in Irving, Texas. The company manufactured equipment, mainly hubs, for Ethernet-based local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs) for most of its existence, becoming one of the top players in its field along with companies such as 3Com, SynOptics, and Cabletron. In 1995, Compaq acquired the company for $372 million, absorbing it within their networking products division shortly thereafter.

Local area network
A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, campus, or building, and has its network equipment and interconnects locally managed. LANs facilitate the distribution of data and sharing network devices, such as printers.

The LAN contrasts the wide area network (WAN), which not only covers a larger geographic distance, but also generally involves leased telecommunication circuits or Internet links. An even greater contrast is the Internet, which is a system of globally connected business and personal computers.

Ethernet and Wi-Fi are the two most common technologies used for local area networks; historical network technologies include ARCNET, Token Ring, and LocalTalk.
Haar measure
In mathematical analysis, the Haar measure assigns an "invariant volume" to subsets of locally compact topological groups, consequently defining an integral for functions on those groups.

This measure was introduced by Alfréd Haar in 1933, though its special case for Lie groups had been introduced by Adolf Hurwitz in 1897 under the name "invariant integral". Haar measures are used in many parts of analysis, number theory, group theory, representation theory, statistics, probability theory, and ergodic theory.

Mathematical analysis
Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limits, and related theories, such as differentiation, integration, measure, infinite sequences, series, and analytic functions.

These theories are usually studied in the context of real and complex numbers and functions. Analysis evolved from calculus, which involves the elementary concepts and techniques of analysis.
Analysis may be distinguished from geometry; however, it can be applied to any space of mathematical objects that has a definition of nearness (a topological space) or specific distances between objects  (a metric space).
2018 Netball Quad Series (January)
The first 2018 Netball Quad Series was the fifth Netball Quad Series series. It was co-hosted by England Netball and Netball South Africa. It featured Australia, England, New Zealand and South Africa playing each other in a series of six netball test matches in January 2018. The first three matches were played at London's Copper Box Arena and the final three were played at Johannesburg's Ellis Park Arena. It was the first of two Netball Quad Series' played in 2018. The second series was played in September. With a team coached by Lisa Alexander and captained by Caitlin Bassett, Australia won the series after winning all three of their matches. The series was broadcast live on Sky Sports in the United Kingdom and Ireland and on Sky Sport in New Zealand.

Test match (netball)
A test match in netball is an international match played between two senior national netball teams. International netball tournaments such as the Netball World Cup, Netball at the Commonwealth Games, the Taini Jamison Trophy, the Constellation Cup and the Netball Quad Series all feature a series' of test matches.

On 20 August 1938, at Royal Park, Melbourne, Australia defeated New Zealand 40–11. This was the first netball Test between Australia and New Zealand. It was also the world's first international netball match. The 1949 England Scotland Wales Netball Series saw England, Scotland and Wales all play their debut test matches.

The use of the term test is relatively new to netball in comparison to cricket, rugby union and rugby league. It is effectively a loanword. Netball tests are regularly played between Australia, New Zealand, England, and South Africa, all of whom have a long history of using the term in other sports.
Inducement prize contest
An inducement prize contest (IPC) is a competition that awards a cash prize for the accomplishment of a feat, usually of engineering. IPCs are typically designed to extend the limits of human ability. Some of the most famous IPCs include the Longitude prize (1714–1765), the Orteig Prize (1919–1927) and prizes from enterprises such as Challenge Works and the X Prize Foundation.

IPCs are distinct from recognition prizes, such as the Nobel Prize, in that IPCs have prospectively defined criteria for what feat is to be achieved for winning the prize, while recognition prizes may be based on the beneficial effects of the feat.

Orteig Prize
The Orteig Prize was a reward of $25,000 offered in 1919 by New York City hotel owner Raymond Orteig to the first Allied aviator, or aviators, to fly non-stop from New York City to Paris or vice versa. Several famous aviators made unsuccessful attempts at the New York–Paris flight before a relatively unknown American, Charles Lindbergh, won the prize in 1927 with his aircraft the Spirit of St. Louis.

A number of people died while competing to win the prize. Six people perished in three separate crashes, and another three were injured in a fourth crash. The Orteig Prize spurred considerable investment in aviation—sometimes far exceeding the value of the prize itself—and also advanced public interest in, and the development of, aviation technology.
Sean O'Donnell
Sean O'Donnell (born October 13, 1971) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. Drafted 123rd overall by the Buffalo Sabres in the 1991 NHL entry draft, O'Donnell has played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Los Angeles Kings, Minnesota Wild, New Jersey Devils, Boston Bruins, Phoenix Coyotes, Anaheim Ducks, Philadelphia Flyers and Chicago Blackhawks. He won the Stanley Cup as a member of the Ducks in 2007.

1991 NHL entry draft
The 1991 NHL entry draft was the 29th NHL entry draft. It was held on June 22 at the Memorial Auditorium in Buffalo, New York. A total of 264 players were drafted. The worst team in the previous 1990–91 season, the Quebec Nordiques, was given the first overall pick while the expansion San Jose Sharks held the second overall pick.

The draft was famous for the controversy surrounding star first overall draft pick, touted by some observers to be The Next One, Eric Lindros, who was drafted by the Quebec Nordiques but immediately refused to sign a contract. What followed (in 1992) was one of the biggest trades in NHL history, which the Philadelphia Flyers used to acquire Lindros, in the process trading away future superstar Peter Forsberg.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Ray Whitney, who retired after the 2013–14 season.
Hume baronets
There have been three baronetcies created for persons with the surname Hume, two in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia and one in the Baronetage of Great Britain. One creations is dormant while two are extinct.

The Hume Baronetcy, of Polwarth, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 19 December 1637. For more information on this creation, which became dormant in 1794, see Lord Polwarth.

The Home Baronetcy, of North Berwick, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia in circa 1671 for George Hume. On the death of the fourth Baronet in 1747 the title became either extinct or dormant.

The Hume Baronetcy, of Wormleybury in the County of Hertford, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 4 April 1769 for Abraham Hume, Member of Parliament for Steyning and Tregony. He was succeeded by his son, the second Baronet. He was a floriculturist and member of parliament. The title became extinct on his death in 1838.

Sir Abraham Hume, 1st Baronet
Sir Abraham Hume, 1st Baronet (1703 – 10 October 1772) was a British businessman and MP.

He was the fourth son of Robert Home (subsequently Hume) of Ayton, Berwick.

Hume was a Principal Managing Owner for groups which built ships and hired them to the East India Company. He was elected Member of Parliament for Steyning in 1747–54, and Tregony in 1761–68, both rotten boroughs.

After inheriting the Wormleybury estate from his brother Alexander in 1765 he rebuilt the house his brother had commissioned in 1734. He was given a baronet on 4 April 1769.

He was the father of 2 sons and a daughter by his wife Hannah, sixth daughter of Sir Thomas Frederick and was succeeded by his eldest son Sir Abraham Hume, 2nd Baronet. Their daughter Hannah married the wit James Hare.
Battle of Ekiokpagha
The Battle of Ekiokpagha was a military conflict that took place in 1255 on the Plains of Ogboka, near Benin City. Its designation as a battle is a mere historical formality as there was no fighting, but Ewedo's forces killed Chief Oliha, a senior ally of Ogiamien. The battle was fought between Ewedo, the recently coronated Oba of Benin, and Ogiamien III, the head of a royal family in the Benin Empire who disputed his claim to the throne. Oba Ewedo was victorious and established his palace at the site of the battle. Ewedo recognised Ogiamien III as a chief under his kingship.

The battle and its aftermath have been reenacted in the coronation rituals of the subsequent Obas of Benin, as a symbol of the historical and traditional enmity between the Oba and the Ogiamien family.

Benin City
Benin City serves as the capital and largest metropolitan centre of Edo State, situated in southern Nigeria. It ranks as the fourth-most populous city in Nigeria, according to the 2006 national census, preceded by Lagos, Kano, and Ibadan.
Tersana SC
Tersana Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي الترسانة للألعاب الرياضية) is an Egyptian sports club based in Meet Okba, Giza, Egypt. It is best known for its professional football team, which plays in the Egyptian Second Division, the second-highest tier in the Egyptian football league system.

Tersana's most important accomplishments include winning the Egypt Cup title six times and the Egyptian league title once. On the continental side, Tersana also participated in the CAF Cup Winners' Cup once in 1987 and was eliminated in the second round by Tunisian Espérance. The first leg,  played in Cairo, ended with a draw, while the second leg, played in Tunisia ended in a 0–2 loss.

Mit Okba
Mit Okba or Mit Akaba (Arabic: ميِّت عُّقْبة) is a former village, that was incorporated in the 1950s as two shiakhas (census  blocks) in the Agouza district of Giza, Egypt, as the real estate development of Madinat al-Awqaf was built on its fields. Many of the original houses, and much of the narrow street fabric remains today.
Girasole
Girasole (Sardinian: Gelisui) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ogliastra in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Cagliari and about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) northwest of Tortolì.

Girasole borders the following municipalities: Lotzorai, Tortolì, and Villagrande Strisaili.

Tortolì
Tortolì (Italian: [tortoˈli] ⓘ; Sardinian: Tortolì or Tòrtuelie; Latin: Portus Ilii) is a town and municipality, which along with Lanusei is a co-capital of the Province of Ogliastra in the autonomous region of Sardinia in Italy. With a population of 10,980, it is the largest municipality in the province and the 23rd-largest in Sardinia.
Ana Živojinović
Ana Živojinović (née Lazarević; born July 4, 1991) is a professional volleyball player from Serbia, who was a member of the Serbia women's national volleyball team that won the gold medal at the 2011 European Championship in Serbia and Italy. At club level, she plays for OK Crvena Zvezda in Serbian Volleyball League.

2011 Women's European Volleyball Championship
The 2011 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the 27th edition of the European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in Italy and Serbia from 23 September to 2 October 2011.
Maria Cristina of Savoy
Maria Cristina of Savoy (Maria Cristina Carlotta Giuseppa Gaetana Efisia; 14 November 1812 – 21 January 1836) was Queen of the Two Sicilies as the first wife of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies. She died as a result of childbirth. She is venerated in the Catholic Church, having been beatified by Pope Francis.

Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies
Ferdinand II (Italian: Ferdinando Carlo Maria; Sicilian: Ferdinannu Carlu Maria; Neapolitan: Ferdinando Carlo Maria; 12 January 1810 –  22 May 1859) was King of the Two Sicilies from 1830 until his death in 1859.
Kellyville metro station
Kellyville metro station is an elevated station on the Metro North West & Bankstown Line, as part of the Sydney Metro network. The station was built by Impregilo-Salini and Metro Trains Sydney for Transport for NSW, and is situated along Samantha Riley Drive, Kellyville, in Sydney, Australia. Train services from the station run to Tallawong and Sydenham, with a journey time to Chatswood of around 33 minutes and to Sydenham in around 56 minutes. As the New South Wales Government's Sydney's Rail Future strategy is delivered over the next 20 years, services have been extended to the Sydney central business district (CBD) and towards Bankstown in late 2025. Kellyville Station opened on 26 May 2019 as part of the Sydney Metro Northwest line from Chatswood to Tallawong, which has since been extended down towards Sydenham via the City.

Metro North West & Bankstown Line
The M1 Metro North West & Bankstown Line is a rapid transit rail line in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The first and currently only line on the Sydney Metro network, it commenced operation on 26 May 2019, originally running between Tallawong and Chatswood, before the line was extended on 19 August 2024 to Sydenham. The line will be extended to Bankstown in September 2026.
Shao (unit)
A shao (Chinese: 勺; pinyin: sháo) in China, shaku in Japan and jak in Korea, is a unit of volume measurement in East Asia.
One shao equals 1⁄100 sheng.
It is 10 mL (millilitres) in China, 18.04 mL in Japan and 18 mL in Korea.
Shao' is also a unit of area equal to 0.033 square meters (a hundredth of a tsubo) in Japan and Korea.

The Chinese word shao (勺) means a spoon, or an amount held by a spoon.

Pyeong
A pyeong (abbreviation py) is a Korean unit of area and floorspace, equal to a square kan or 36 square Korean feet. The ping and tsubo are its equivalent Taiwanese and Japanese units, similarly based on a square bu (ja:步) or ken, equivalent to 36 square Chinese or Japanese feet.
Katelyn Vaha'akolo
Katelyn Vaha'akolo (born 18 April 2000) is a New Zealand rugby league and union player. She played wing for the Kiwi Ferns at the 2021 Women's Rugby League World Cup and for the Newcastle Knights in the NRL Women's Premiership. She joined the Blues for the 2023 Super Rugby Aupiki season.

New Zealand women's national rugby league team
The New Zealand women's national rugby league team, also known as the Kiwi Ferns or New Zealand Kiwi Ferns, represents New Zealand in women's rugby league. They are administered by the New Zealand Rugby League.

New Zealand won the Women's Rugby League World Cup in 2000, 2003 and 2008.
Federal Dependencies of Venezuela
The Federal Dependencies of Venezuela (Spanish: Dependencias Federales de Venezuela) encompass most of Venezuela's offshore islands in the Caribbean Sea, excluding those islands that form the State of Nueva Esparta and some Caribbean coastal islands that are integrated with nearby states. These islands, with a total area of 342 square kilometres, are sparsely populated – according to the preliminary results of the 2011 Census only 2,155 people live there permanently, with another hundred from Margarita Island who live there seasonally to engage in fishing. Local government is officially under the authority of Central government in Caracas, although de facto power is often held by the heads of the sparse and somewhat isolated communities that decorate the territories.

Margarita Island
Margarita Island (Isla de Margarita, Spanish pronunciation: [maɾɣaˈɾita]) is the largest island in the Venezuelan state of Nueva Esparta, situated off the north west coast of the country, in the Caribbean Sea. The capital city of Nueva Esparta, La Asunción, is located on the island.