hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crown glass (optics)
Crown glass is a type of optical glass used in lenses and other optical components. It has relatively low refractive index (≈1.52) and low dispersion (with Abbe numbers between 50 and 85). Crown glass is produced from alkali-lime silicates containing approximately 10% potassium oxide and is one of the earliest low dispersion glasses.

Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia.
Jordan Stream
Jordan Stream is a watercourse, about 1.4 miles (2.3 km) long, in the American village of Seal Harbor, Maine. It originates at the southern end of Jordan Pond, in the nearby town of Mount Desert, and flows directly south to its mouth at the northern end of Little Long Pond.

The Jordan Stream valley is pre-glacial. It originally drained southeasterly to Seal Harbor but now drains, initially through a bedrock gorge, southwesterly.

Mount Desert, Maine
Mount Desert is a town located on Mount Desert Island in Hancock County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,146 at the 2020 census. Incorporated in 1789, the town comprises the villages of Otter Creek, Seal Harbor, Northeast Harbor, Somesville, Hall Quarry, and Pretty Marsh.
1940–41 in Mandatory Palestine football
The 1940–41 season was the 14th season of competitive football in the British Mandate for Palestine under the Eretz Israel Football Association.

During the season, no official competitions were held due to disagreements between Hapoel and Maccabi factions in the IFA, and the teams played only in friendly matches and tournaments.

Israel Football Association
The Israel Football Association (IFA; Hebrew: ההתאחדות לכדורגל בישראל HaHiṯəʼaḥăḏūṯ ləKaddūreḡel bəYiśrāʼēl, lit. 'The Association of Football in Israel') is the governing body of football in Israel. It organizes a variety of association football leagues where the highest level is the Israeli Premier League; as well as national cups such as the Israel State Cup, the Toto Cup, and the Israel Super Cup; also, the Israel national football team. The IFA was originally founded in 1928, in Mandatory Palestine, and is based in Ramat Gan.
Peter Lenderink
Peter Lenderink (born 11 February 1996) is a Dutch former road cyclist. As a junior he won the bronze medal at the 2014 UCI Road World Championships in the Men's junior road race.

He retired from the sport in July 2018, after competing professionally for four years.

2014 UCI Road World Championships – Men's junior road race
The Men's junior road race of the 2014 UCI Road World Championships took place in and around Ponferrada, Spain on 27 September 2014. The course of the race was 127.40 km (79.16 mi) with the start and finish in Ponferrada.

In a sprint finish of 32 riders, Jonas Bokeloh became the first German rider since Holger Loew in 1996, to win the junior world title. He out-sprinted Russia's Alexandr Kulikovskiy and Peter Lenderink of the Netherlands for the gold medal.
Joseph Crocé-Spinelli
Joseph Crocé-Spinelli (French: Joseph Eustache Crocé-Spinelli; 10 July 1845 – 15 April 1875) was a French engineer, aeronaut and inventor, one of the pioneers of aviation. Along with Gaston Tissandier and Théodore Sivel, he achieved a record altitude of 8,600 metres (28,200 ft) in the gas balloon Zénith.

Aeronautics
Aeronautics is the science or art involved with the study, design, and manufacturing of air flight-capable machines, and the techniques of operating aircraft and rockets within the atmosphere. 
While the term originally referred solely to operating the aircraft, it has since been expanded to include technology, business, and other aspects related to aircraft. The term "aviation" is sometimes used interchangeably with aeronautics, although "aeronautics" includes lighter-than-air craft such as airships, and includes ballistic vehicles while "aviation" technically does not.

A significant part of aeronautical science is a branch of dynamics called aerodynamics, which deals with the motion of air and the way that it interacts with objects in motion, such as an aircraft.
Radar (radio station)
Radar Radio (also referred to as Radar Music, colloquially called Radar) was an Australian digital radio station. It was run by Southern Cross Austereo from its launch date on 11 December 2008 to the closure of the station Monday 25 November 2013. The Radar Radio website was also taken down on the same day as the station closure.

Digital radio in Australia
Digital broadcast radio in Australia uses the DAB+ standard and is available in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Canberra, Darwin and Hobart. However, after 11 years, regional large cities such as Townsville and Ballarat still do not have DAB. The national government owned television/radio networks, the ABC and SBS, and the commercial radio stations in each market provide many of their services and a few digital-only services on the digital platform. All but a few DAB+ services use the AAC+ codec, with a limited number using standard AAC.
Bundi railway station
Bundi railway station (station code:- BUDI) is a railway station serving Bundi town, in Bundi district of Rajasthan State of India. It is under Kota railway division of West Central Railway Zone of Indian Railways. It is located on Kota–Chittorgarh line of the Indian Railways.

Kota railway division
Kota railway division is one of the three railway divisions under West Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. This railway division was formed on 1 April 1952 and its headquarters are located at Kota in the state of Rajasthan of India.

Jabalpur railway division  and Bhopal railway division are the other two railway divisions under WCR Zone headquartered at Jabalpur.
Rust Red Hills
Rust Red Hills is a 1930 landscape painting by American artist Georgia O'Keeffe.  It depicts red and brown hills under a glowing red and yellow sky in northern New Mexico, most likely in the vicinity of Taos.  At its initial exhibition in 1931, O'Keeffe indicated that it was one of her own best-loved paintings from that time period. The work is currently held by the Brauer Museum of Art, but in 2023, Valparaiso University, which runs the museum, announced they planned to sell the painting and two others to raise money to renovate the student dormitories. Art associations protested the pending sale as an ethical violation of the deaccessioning process.

Valparaiso University
Valparaiso University (Valpo) is a private university in Valparaiso, Indiana, United States. It is an independent Lutheran university with five colleges. It enrolls nearly 2,300 students and has a 350-acre (140 ha) campus.

The university is known for its Lutheran Christian heritage and has one of the largest chapels on a U.S. college campus. In 2025, it accepted 89% of applicants for enrollment.
Teradici
Teradici Corporation was a privately held software company founded in 2004, which was acquired by HP Inc. in October 2021. 
Teradici initially developed a protocol (PCoIP) for compressing and decompressing images and sound when remotely accessing blade servers, and implemented it in hardware. This technology was later expanded to thin clients/zero clients for general Virtual Desktop Infrastructure. Teradici's protocol or hardware is used by HP, Dell subsidiary Wyse, Amulet Hotkey, Samsung, Amazon Web Services, Fujitsu, and VMware.

On 27 July 2021, HP Inc announced that it had signed a definitive agreement to acquire Teradici on undisclosed terms, with the deal set to close in calendar Q4, 2021.

HP Inc.
HP Inc. is an American multinational information technology company with its headquarters in Palo Alto, California, that develops personal computers (PCs), printers and related supplies, as well as 3D printing services. It is the world's second-largest personal computer vendor by unit sales after Lenovo and ahead of Dell as of 2024.

HP Inc. was founded in 2015 when the original Hewlett-Packard Company split into two companies. The old company's enterprise product and business services divisions were spun-off into a new publicly traded company, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, while Hewlett-Packard itself was renamed as HP Inc. and retained the personal computer and printer services divisions of its predecessor, serving as the legal successor of the original company that was founded in 1939. HP is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the S&P 500 Index. In the 2023 Fortune 500 list, HP is ranked 63rd-largest United States corporation by total revenue.
3628 Božněmcová
3628 Božněmcová, provisional designation 1979 WD, is a rare O-type asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 25 November 1979, by Czech astronomer Zdeňka Vávrová at Kleť Observatory in the Czech Republic. It is named for Czech writer Božena Němcová.

Božena Němcová
Božena Němcová (Czech pronunciation: [ˈboʒɛna ˈɲɛmt͡sovaː]) (4 February 1820 in Vienna – 21 January 1862 in Prague) was a Czech writer of the final phase of the Czech National Revival movement.

Her image is featured on the 500 CZK denomination of the Česká koruna.
Thabo Motang
Thabo Motang (born 20 November 1967) is a Motswana football coach and former player currently managing Township Rollers in the Botswana Premier League. Often regarded as one of the best Botswana goalkeepers of all time, he played for several teams including Township Rollers, where he became one of their longest serving players, BMC and Mahalapye United Hotpurs.

Motang began his career with Township Rollers as a twenty year old in 1987. Staying twelve years with the Gaborone-based outfit, in which he became one of their longest serving players, Motang won two league titles and three FA Cups. He then moved to Lobatse-based BMC, helping them gain promotion to the top flight in his last season. He joined Mahalapye United Hotspurs in 2004 as a player-manager and finally retired from playing altogether in 2006.

Botswana FA Challenge Cup
The FA Challenge Cup, currently known as the Orange FA Cup or Orange Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the premier club football tournament in Botswana. Started in 1968 and first played as the Lions Cup, the tournament is based on the idea of giving lower league and amateur teams a chance to compete with top flight teams. It is based on the English FA Cup, which has become known for "giant killings" (lower league teams defeating top flight.
Andrey Kuznetsov (politician)
Andrey Anatolievich Kuznetsov (Russian: Андрей Анатольевич Кузнецов; born September 24, 1972, Nizhnyaya Tura) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Dumas.

From 1993 to 2003, Kuznetsov worked as a correspondent and editor-in-chief in a number of Yekaterinburg media outlets. From 2003 to 2012, he was the executive director of the Ural Institute of Applied Politics and Economics. In 2012, he was appointed the first deputy head of administration of the governor of Sverdlovsk Oblast. From 2013 to 2017, Kuznetsov served as an advisor to Sergey Mironov. From 2020 to 2021, he was the deputy chief of staff of the A Just Russia — For Truth  faction in the State Duma. Since September 2021, he has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

8th State Duma
The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation of the 8th convocation (Russian: Государственная Дума Федерального Собрания Российской Федерации восьмого созыва) is the current convocation of the lower house of Russian parliament.

The composition of the 8th State Duma was determined based on the results of the 2021 legislative election. Elections were held using a mixed system: 225 deputies were elected on party lists and 225 — in single-member constituencies. Of the 14 parties that participated in the elections, only 5 were able to overcome the 5% barrier. And for the first time since 1999, more than four parties were able to form their own factions. Three more parties and five independent candidates were able to win one seat each through single-mandate constituencies.

In accordance with the presidential decree, the first meeting of the 8th State Duma was held on 12 October 2021.
Irene Komnene Palaiologina
Irene Komnene Palaiologina (Greek: Εἰρήνη Κομνηνή Παλαιολογίνα, romanized: Eirēnē Komnēne Palaiologína; c. 1218–1284), after c. 1261 known by her monastic name as Eulogia (Εὐλογία), was an elder sister of the Byzantine emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos. Originally close to the emperor, her opposition to the Union of the Churches in 1273 led to their estrangement, and even to intrigues by Irene against Michael involving foreign rulers. As a result, she was imprisoned for the remainder of his reign. After Michael's death, she encouraged Andronikos II Palaiologos to repudiate the Union.

Andronikos II Palaiologos
Andronikos II Palaiologos (Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Δούκας Ἄγγελος Κομνηνὸς Παλαιολόγος, romanized: Andrónikos Doúkās Ángelos Komnēnós Palaiológos; 25 March 1259 – 13 February 1332), Latinized as Andronicus II Palaeologus, reigned as Byzantine emperor from 1282 to 1328. His reign marked the beginning of the recently restored empire's final decline. The Turks conquered most of Byzantium's remaining Anatolian territories, and Andronikos spent the last years of his reign fighting his own grandson in the First Palaiologan Civil War. The war ended in Andronikos' forced abdication in 1328, after which he retired to a monastery for the remainder of his life.
Mike Ritland
Michael B. Ritland born in Waterloo, Iowa is a former United States Navy SEAL, public speaker and dog trainer. He created the Warrior Dog Foundation, to provide care to dogs that have ended their service in battle front, and the Team Dog Online Training Community.

United States Navy SEALs
The United States Navy Sea, Air, and Land (SEAL) Teams, commonly known as Navy SEALs, are the United States Navy's primary special operations force and a component of the United States Naval Special Warfare Command. Among the SEAL's main functions are conducting small-unit special operation missions in maritime, jungle, urban, arctic, mountainous, and desert environments. SEALs are typically ordered to capture or kill high-level targets, or to gather intelligence behind enemy lines.

SEAL team personnel are hand-selected, highly trained, and highly proficient in unconventional warfare (UW), direct action (DA), and special reconnaissance (SR), among other tasks like sabotage, demolition, intelligence gathering, and hydrographic reconnaissance, training, and advising friendly militaries or other forces. All active SEALs are members of the U.S. Navy.
Seth W. Button
Seth Windsor Button (May 23, 1836 – November 18, 1913) was an American lawyer, Republican politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Trempealeau County during the 1873 session.  He also served as a district attorney and county judge in Trempealeau and Monroe County, Wisconsin.

26th Wisconsin Legislature
The Twenty-Sixth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 8, 1873, to March 20, 1873, in regular session.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term. Assembly members were elected to a one-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 5, 1872. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 7, 1871.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Cadwallader C. Washburn, of La Crosse County, serving the second year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1871 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Journey's End (Star Trek: The Next Generation)
"Journey's End" is the 172nd episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, and it is the 20th episode of the seventh season.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. In this episode, Wesley Crusher questions his future as the Enterprise is under orders to forcibly remove the descendants of native North Americans, referred to as "Indians" throughout the episode, from a planet being yielded to the Cardassians as part of a treaty.

Starfleet
Starfleet is a fictional organization in the Star Trek media franchise. Within this fictional universe, Starfleet is a uniformed space force maintained by the United Federation of Planets (often called "the Federation" in the franchise) as the principal means for conducting deep space exploration, research, defense, peacekeeping, and diplomacy (although Starfleet predates the Federation, having originally been an Earth organization, as shown by the television series Star Trek: Enterprise). While most of Starfleet's members are human and it has been headquartered on Earth, hundreds of other species are also represented. Most of the franchise's protagonists are Starfleet commissioned officers.
India's Got Talent season 5
The fifth season of India's Got Talent premiered on 11 January 2014. Bharti Singh returned to present the show along with Mantra in auditions and VJ Andy in the semi-finals and finals. Malaika Arora Khan and Karan Johar returned for their second season each, while Kirron Kher returned for her fifth season.

Ragini Makkar and Naadyog Academy won the season winning ₹50,00,000 (50 lakhs) along with a trophy and a Maruti car from the title sponsor on 8 March 2024.

Malaika Arora
Malaika Arora (born 23 October 1973) is an Indian actress, dancer, model, video jockey, and television personality who appears in Hindi-language films. She made her debut as a film producer in 2008 with her former husband Arbaaz Khan, founding the company Arbaaz Khan Productions, which created the Dabangg film series. As an actress, she has starred in films like Kaante (2002) and EMI (2008). She also performed in the songs Chaiyya Chaiyya (1998), Gur Naalo Ishq Mitha (1998), Maahi Ve (2002), Kaal Dhamaal (2005) and Munni Badnaam Hui (2010).
The Liberators (comic)
The Liberators was a science fiction comic book story based on concepts created by Dez Skinn and Will Simpson for the British anthology title Warrior. It was among the first mainstream comic strips written by Grant Morrison.

Warrior (comics)
Warrior was a British comics anthology that ran for 26 issues between March 1982 and January 1985. It was edited by Dez Skinn and published by his company Quality Communications. It featured early work by numerous figures who would go on to successful careers in the industry, including Alan Moore, Alan Davis, David Lloyd, Steve Dillon, and Grant Morrison; it also included contributions by the likes of Brian Bolland and John Bolton, while many of the magazine's painted covers were by Mick Austin.
Neema Barnette
Neema Barnette is an American film director and producer, and the first African-American woman to direct a primetime sitcom. Barnette was the first African-American woman to get a three-picture deal with Sony Pictures. Since then, she accumulated a number of awards, including a Peabody, an Emmy and an NAACP Image Award.

NAACP Image Awards
The NAACP Image Awards is an annual awards ceremony presented by the American-based National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to honor outstanding performances in film, television, theatre, music, and literature. Over 40 categories of the Image Awards are voted on by the NAACP members. Honorary awards (similar to the Academy Honorary Award) have also been included, such as the President's Award, the Chairman's Award, the Entertainer of the Year, the Activist of the Year, and the Hall of Fame Award. Beyoncé is the most awarded individual with 25 wins as a solo artist.
Haris Seferovic
Haris Seferovic (Bosnian: Haris Seferović, pronounced [xǎːris sefěːroʋitɕ]; born 22 February 1992) is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a striker for Dubai United.

Seferovic made his professional debut at Grasshopper in April 2009. Shortly afterwards, in January 2010, he was signed by Italian club Fiorentina. Much of his time at the latter club was spent out on loan, with a successful spell at Novara in Serie B, followed by a transfer to Real Sociedad of Spain in 2013. A year later, he joined German club Eintracht Frankfurt, with whom he spent three seasons before a transfer to Benfica in Portugal. He made over 180 appearances and scored over 70 goals for the club, winning the Bola de Prata for top scorer as the team won the Primeira Liga in 2018–19.

A full international since 2013, Seferovic represented Switzerland at the FIFA World Cup in 2014, 2018 and 2022, and the UEFA European Championship in 2016 and 2020, earning over 90 caps.

Bola de Prata (Portugal)
The Bola de Prata (Portuguese for Silver Ball) is a Primeira Liga award for the top scorer. In case two or more players have the same number of goals, the award goes to the footballer with the fewest games played. It was first awarded as a prize in the 1952–53 season by sports newspaper A Bola.

Héctor Yazalde holds the record for most goals in a single season, with 46, achieved in the 1973–74 season. Fernando Peyroteo recorded the highest goals-to-games ratio to win the award, 2.43, in 1937–38.

There have been 56 winners. Nineteen players have won the award in more than one occasion, with Eusébio having the record with seven wins. Eusébio also holds the record for most consecutive wins, with five. Rui Jordão, Paulinho Cascavel, Mário Jardel and Mehdi Taremi are the only players to win the award with two clubs.
Third cabinet of Andrej Babiš
The third cabinet of Andrej Babiš is the current government of the Czech Republic. Following elections in October 2025, Andrej Babiš announced his intention to form a coalition government consisting of his party ANO, with Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) and Motorists for Themselves (AUTO).

On 6 November 2025, Tomio Okamura from Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) was elected President of the Chamber of Deputies for the new parliament with 107 votes. On 7 November 2025, Tomio Okamura President of the Chamber of Deputies, orderded the removal of the Ukrainian flag from the parliament building, which had been raised there since the start of Russia's invasion in 2022. In reaction, the opposition Civic Democratic Party (ODS) and Pirates hung Ukrainian flags from their club windows.

The list of ministerial candidates was presented to President Petr Pavel on 26 November 2025, and the cabinet was sworn in on 15 December 2025.

Freedom and Direct Democracy
Freedom and Direct Democracy (Czech: Svoboda a přímá demokracie, SPD) is a far-right political party in the Czech Republic. It is led by Tomio Okamura and it holds 15 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. Its political positions are nationalist and neo-fascist, espousing right-wing populism, expressing opposition to immigration, and being staunchly Eurosceptic, while in their political program they state their support for direct democracy.

At the end of 2022, the party had 10,682 members and was the fastest-growing party in the country in terms of members.