hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wilhelm Schraml
Wilhelm Schraml (26 June 1935 – 8 November 2021) was a German Roman Catholic prelate, who served as a bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Passau from 2001-2012.

Schraml was born in Regensburg. He was ordained a priest on 29 June 1961 for the Diocese of Regensburg. In 1971 he became chairman of Kolpingwerk. In 1983 he became a member of the chapter of the diocese of Regensburg.

In 1986 he was appointed an Auxiliary Bishop of Regensburg. On 8 March 1986, he was created titular bishop of Munatiana. On 13 December 2001, he was appointed bishop of Passau and installed on 23 February 2002.

Following canon law, Schraml offered his resignation to the Pope in 2010, upon reaching the age of 75. He retired on 1 October 2012.

Diocese of Passau
The Diocese of Passau (Latin: Diœcesis Passaviensis; German: Bistum Passau) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in Germany that is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising. The Prince-Bishopric of Passau was an ecclesiastical principality that existed for centuries until it was secularized in 1803. The diocese covers an area of 5,442 km².
Banka bäver
Banka bäver ("thumping beaver") is a Swedish round game, which may be considered a development of the children's card game beggar my neighbour, with elements from two other English card games for children: Slapjack and Snap.

Glossary of card game terms
The following is a glossary of terms used in card games. Besides the terms listed here, there are thousands of other common and uncommon slang terms. Terms in this glossary are not game-specific (e.g. specific to bridge, hearts, poker or rummy), but apply to a wide range of card games played with non-proprietary packs. It should not include terms solely related to casino or banking games. For glossaries that relate primarily to one game or family of similar games, see Game-specific glossaries.
Passeerdersgracht
The Passeerdersgracht is a short canal in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, that connects the Prinsengracht with the Lijnbaansgracht. 
The canal is the southernmost in the Jordaan neighbourhood and borders the west part of the Grachtengordel (Canal District).

Prinsengracht
The Prinsengracht is a 3.2-kilometer (2.0 mi)-long canal that runs parallel to the Keizersgracht in the center of Amsterdam. The canal, named after the Prince of Orange, is the fourth of the four main canals belonging to the canal belt.
Kan 88
Kaan 88 (Hebrew: כאן 88) is an Israeli radio station that began broadcasting on May 15, 2017, as part of the Israeli Broadcasting Corporation, known as "Kan" (כאן, lit. 'here'). The station was established to replace Kol Israel's 88FM, previously owned by the Israel Broadcasting Authority. Kan 88 offers a diverse range of radio programs, featuring classic rock, alternative music, jazz, world music, blues, and a selection of both new and established indie artists.

In 2019, the station achieved a national exposure rate of 10.8%, as reported by the TGI survey.

Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation
The Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation is the national public broadcaster of Israel. It carries the blanket branding Kan in Hebrew (כאן, 'Here') and Makan in Arabic (مكان, 'A place'). Its news division, Kan News, is the third biggest brand in Israeli newscasting, after HaHadashot 12 and Channel 13 News.

After multiple delays due to disagreements over its structure raised by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, the IPBC officially began its radio and television operations on 15 May 2017, succeeding the Israel Broadcasting Authority (IBA) as state broadcaster. Its formal goals include promoting expanding knowledge, Israeli culture, and innovation in broadcasting.
Harvey Chrouser
Harvey C. Chrouser (August 7, 1912 – April 21, 2002) was an American college football coach and athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Sterling College in Sterling, Kansas from 1935 to 1939 and two stints as the head football coach at Wheaton College in Wheaton, Illinois, from 1940 to 1941 and 1946 to 1960, compiling a career head coaching record of 121–55–14.

Wheaton College (Illinois)
Wheaton College is a private Evangelical Christian liberal arts college in Wheaton, Illinois, United States. It was founded by evangelical abolitionists in 1860. Wheaton College was a stop on the Underground Railroad and graduated one of Illinois' first Black college graduates. Colloquially known as the "Harvard of Evangelical Schools", it has been considered one of the leading Christian universities in the United States and an influential institution in North American evangelicalism and as an anchor of the "Bible belt" centered around the Wheaton area.
Yusuf Adil Shah's Invasion of Vijayanagara
Yusuf Adil Shah's invasion of Vijayanagara (1505) was a conflict between the Vijayanagara Empire and the Bijapur Sultanate. The invasion led by Yusuf Adil Shah in alliance with governor of Adavani Kasappa Odaya met with strong resistance from the Vijayanagara army, led by Aravidu Rama Raja I and his son Aravidu Chinna Thimma. Aravidu Rama Raja I and his son Chinna Thimma defeated Yusuf Adil Shah in the battles of Kandanavolu and Adavani forcing him to retreat.

Yusuf Adil Shah
Yusuf Adil Shah (1450 – 5 December 1510), referred as Yusuf Adil Khan or Hidalcão by the Portuguese, was the founder of the Adil Shahi dynasty that ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur for nearly two centuries. As the founder of the Adil Shahi dynasty, Yusuf Adil Shah is credited with developing the town of Bijapur and elevating it to significant status.
Smena (camera)
Smena (Russian: Смена, Eng: "Change") is a series of low-cost 35 mm film cameras manufactured in the Soviet Union by the LOMO factory from 1953 to 1991. They were designed to be inexpensive and accessible to the public, made of bakelite or black plastic for the later models.

Their mode of operation was exclusively manual, to the extent that winding of film is separated from shutter cocking.

In the 1960s and 1970s they were exported by Soviet era export conglomerate Mashpriborintorg (Russian: Машприборинторг). Austrian company Lomographische AG now promotes Smenas, as exclusive distributor  under agreement with LOMO PLC.

Lomography
Lomography, or simply lomo, is a photographic style which involves taking spontaneous photographs with minimal attention to technical details. Lomographic images often exploit the unpredictable, non-standard optical traits of toy cameras (such as light leaks and irregular lens alignment), and non-standard film processing techniques for aesthetic effect. Similar-looking techniques with digital photography, often involving "lomo" image filters in post-processing, may also be considered lomographic.

"Lomography" is claimed as a commercial trademark by Lomographische GmbH. However, it has become a genericised trademark; most camera phone photo editor apps include a "lomo" filter.
Browning Auto-5
The Browning Automatic 5, more commonly referred to as the Auto-5 or simply A-5, is a recoil-operated semi-automatic shotgun designed by John Browning and manufactured by Fabrique Nationale de Herstal. It was the first successful semi-automatic shotgun design, and remained in production until 1998. The name of the shotgun designates that it is an autoloader with a capacity of five rounds, four in the magazine and one in the chamber. Remington Arms and Savage Arms sold variants called the Remington Model 11 and Savage Model 720 that were nearly identical but lacked the magazine cutoff found on the Browning.

Remington Arms
Remington Arms Company, LLC, was an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was formerly owned by the Remington Outdoor Company, which went bankrupt in 2020 with its lines of business sold to several purchasers. Two resulting companies each bear the Remington name—the firearms manufacturer is Remington Firearms owned by RemArms, LLC., and the ammunition business is Remington Ammunition owned by The Kinetic Group (Czechoslovak Group).

Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington as E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the United States and claimed to be the oldest factory in the country that still made its original product. The company was the largest rifle manufacturer in North America according to 2015 ATF statistics. The company developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world.
Flaxman Charles John Spurrell
Flaxman Charles John Spurrell FSA FGS (8 September 1842 – 25 February 1915) was a British archaeologist, geologist and photographer who worked mainly in Kent and East Anglia. He was also a noted egyptologist, working closely with Flinders Petrie.

Geological Society of London
The Geological Society of London, known commonly as the Geological Society, is a learned society based in the United Kingdom. It is the oldest national geological society in the world and the largest in Europe, with more than 12,000 Fellows.

Fellows are entitled to the postnominal FGS (Fellow of the Geological Society), over 2,000 of whom are Chartered Geologists (CGeol). The Society is a registered charity, no. 210161
. It is also a member of the Science Council, and is licensed to award Chartered Scientist to qualifying members.

The mission of the society is: "Making geologists acquainted with each other, stimulating their zeal, inducing them to adopt one nomenclature, facilitating the communication of new facts and ascertaining what is known in their science and what remains to be discovered".
Paula Fox
Paula Fox (April 22, 1923 – March 1, 2017) was an American author of novels for adults and children and of two memoirs. Fox won the Newbery Medal in 1974 for her novel The Slave Dancer. She also won the Hans Christian Andersen Award in 1978 and won a 1983 National Book Award in category Children's Fiction (paperback) for A Place Apart. In the mid-1990s, she enjoyed a revival as her adult fiction was championed by a new generation of American writers. In 2011, she was inducted into the New York State Writers Hall of Fame.

Fox is the biological mother of writer Linda Carroll and the biological grandmother of musician Courtney Love.

Hans Christian Andersen Award
The Hans Christian Andersen Awards are two literary awards given by the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY), recognising one living author and one living illustrator for their "lasting contribution to children's literature". The writing award was first given in 1956, the illustration award in 1966. The former is sometimes called the "Nobel Prize for children's literature".

The awards are named after Hans Christian Andersen, a 19th-century Danish author of fairy tales, and each winner receives the Hans Christian Andersen Medaille (a gold medal with the bust of Andersen) and a diploma. Medals are presented at the biennial IBBY Congress.
The Sciences (album)
The Sciences is the fourth studio album by American stoner/doom metal band Sleep. The album was released with little warning on April 20, 2018, through Third Man Records. It was the band's first full-length album since Dopesmoker (2003).

Just a month after the release of The Sciences, Sleep released the non-album song "Leagues Beneath" through Adult Swim's 2018 weekly single series.

Jerusalem and Dopesmoker
Jerusalem and Dopesmoker are two versions of the third studio album by the American stoner doom band Sleep. The former title was released in 1999 by The Music Cartel and the latter was released by Tee Pee Records in 2003. The musical performance that appears on Dopesmoker was recorded live to tape in the second half of 1994, following Sleep’s U.S. tour.
When recording had completed, London was unhappy with the finished product and refused to release it, leading to Sleep's disbandment and the album surfacing on bootlegs and unauthorized indie releases in subsequent years. All versions of the album received very positive reception from music critics, who described it as a high-water mark in both the stoner metal and doom metal genres.
Lefteris Christoforou
Lefteris Christoforou (Greek: Λευτέρης Χριστοφόρου; born 31 August 1963) is a Greek Cypriot politician. He was a member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2014 to 2022, where he was head of national delegation in the European People's Party. He is a member of the Democratic Rally (DISY) and he served as vice president from 2003 to 2013 and also as deputy chairman from 2013 to 2019. He was a member of the Cyprus Parliament from 1996 to 2014 and represented Famagusta.

House of Representatives (Cyprus)
The House of Representatives (Greek: Βουλή των Αντιπροσώπων Voulī́ tōn Antiprosṓpōn; Turkish: Temsilciler Meclisi) is the national unicameral legislature of the Republic of Cyprus. Members and three observers representing Armenian, Latin, and Maronite Cypriots are elected by proportional representation every five years. 30% of seats are allocated to Turkish Cypriots, but these have been vacant since 1964. The House of Representatives of Cyprus is the only legislature in the European Union within a fully presidential system.
Anton Maria Schwartz
Anton Maria Schwartz (28 February 1852 – 15 September 1929), born Anton Schwartz, was an Austrian Roman Catholic priest and the founder of the Congregation of the Christian Workers of Saint Joseph Calasanz. He entered the novitiate of the Piarists but left due to fear of German suppression, so instead became a diocesan priest for the Archdiocese of Vienna. He championed the rights and the welfare of the workers and aimed his order at serving labourers.

He received beatification from Pope John Paul II on 21 June 1998.

Pious Workers of St. Joseph Calasanctius of the Mother of God
The Pious Workers of St. Joseph Calasanctius of the Mother of God (Latin: Congregatio pro operariis christianis a Sancto Iosepho Calasantio) are a Roman Catholic clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for men founded at Vienna, Austria in 24 November 1889, by Father Anton Maria Schwartz for works of charity, but especially the apostolate among workingmen. This congregation of priests and lay brothers, follow the Rule of the Piarists, modified in some particulars. Its members add the nominal letters
C.Op. at the end of their names to indicate their membership in the congregation.
Burkina Faso at the Olympics
Burkina Faso has sent athletes to every Summer Olympic Games held since 1988. Under its previous name of Upper Volta (VOL), the country also competed in 1972. After appearing in ten different Olympics, Burkina Faso won their first Olympic medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics, following Hugues Fabrice Zango's bronze-winning performance in the men's triple jump. No athletes from Burkina Faso have competed in any Winter Olympic Games.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's triple jump
The men's triple jump event at the 2020 Summer Olympics took place between 3 and 5 August 2021 at the Japan National Stadium. Approximately 35 athletes were expected to compete; the exact number was dependent on how many nations use universality places to enter athletes in addition to the 32 qualifying through time or ranking (2 universality places were used in 2016). 32 athletes from 19 nations competed. Pedro Pichardo of Portugal won the gold medal, the nation's second victory in the men's triple jump (after Nelson Évora in 2008). China's Zhu Yaming took silver, while Hugues Fabrice Zango earned Burkina Faso's first Olympic medal in any event.
Orpheus Club of Philadelphia
The Orpheus Club is a men's singing club based in Philadelphia, the largest city in the state of Pennsylvania, United States, and is the oldest of its kind in the United States. It was founded on December 7, 1872, when twenty-two members performed at the Musical Fund Hall on Locust Street in Philadelphia.

The club was first led by the American conductor Michael Hurley Cross (1833–1897), who was one of its original founders. Well over a century later, in 2012, the conductors of the group are John Shankweiler (Conductor) and Clyde R. Dengler, Jr. (Conductor Emeritus). The Orpheus club performs its Christmas, winter and spring concerts at the Academy of Music in Philadelphia and at the Kimmel Center. Its Twelfth Night Revels performance is held at the Orpheus clubhouse on South Van Pelt Street each January.

Academy of Music (Philadelphia)
The Academy of Music, also known as American Academy of Music, is a concert hall and opera house located at 240 S. Broad Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  Despite its name, the Academy has never contained a music school. It is located between Locust and Manning Streets in the Avenue of the Arts area of the Center City district of Philadelphia.

The hall was built in 1855–57 and is the oldest opera house in the United States that is still used for its original purpose. Known as the "Grand Old Lady of Locust Street," the venue is the home of the Philadelphia Ballet and Opera Philadelphia. It was also home to the Philadelphia Orchestra from its inception in 1900 until 2001, when the orchestra moved to the new Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts. The Philadelphia Orchestra still retains ownership of the Academy, in partnership with Ensemble Arts.

The hall was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1962.
9th Berlin International Film Festival
The 9th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 26 June to 7 July 1959. The festival welcomed the cinematic movement known as the French New Wave and screened the work of directors such as Jean-Luc Godard, Agnès Varda and François Truffaut.

The Golden Bear was awarded to Les Cousins directed by Claude Chabrol.

Golden Bear
The Golden Bear (German: Goldener Bär) is the highest prize awarded for the best film at the Berlin International Film Festival and is, along with the Palme d'Or and the Golden Lion, widely considered among the most prestigious film festival awards. The bear is the heraldic animal of Berlin, featured on both the coat of arms and flag of Berlin.
Himno Istmeño
"Himno Istmeño" (English: "Isthmian Hymn") is the national anthem of Panama (Spanish: Himno Nacional de Panamá). The music was composed by Santos A. Jorge, and the lyrics were written by Jeronimo de la Ossa. It is also known by its incipit, "Alcanzamos por fin la victoria" ("At last we reached victory").

The song is directed to the average, working-class Panamanian, with such lyrics as "Ahead the shovel and pick; At work without any more dilation".

Santos Jorge
Santos Jorge Amatriaim (1870–1941), composed the music for the Panamanian national anthem "Himno Istmeno".

Santos Jorge was born in Peralta, Navarre, Spain in November 1870.  After studying music at the Conservatorio de Madrid, he moved to the Isthmus of Panama (then part of Colombia) in 1889 where he taught music.  In 1892, he became the director of the military band of the Colombia Battalion.

He composed the music for the "Isthmian Hymn" (words written by Jeronimo de la Ossa).
Nikolai Kasterin
Nikolai Petrovich Kasterin (1869–1947) was a physicist and a student of Aleksandr Stoletov. His 1903 doctoral dissertation, portions of which were published in German in the Proceedings of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Amsterdam under the sponsorship of Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, is considered to be a pivotal contribution to multiple scattering theory (MST) by such experts as Paul Peter Ewald and Jan Korringa. The MST formalism is widely used for electronic structure calculations as well as diffraction theory, and is the subject of many books. He lived in the Russian Empire and later the Soviet Union.

Aleksandr Stoletov
Alexander Grigorievich Stoletov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Григо́рьевич Столе́тов; 10 August 1839 – 27 May 1896) was a Russian physicist, founder of electrical engineering, and professor in Moscow University. He was the brother of general Nikolai Stoletov.
El Museo del Barrio
El Museo del Barrio, often known simply as El Museo (the museum), is a museum at 1230 Fifth Avenue in Upper Manhattan, New York City. It is located near the northern end of Fifth Avenue's Museum Mile, immediately north of the Museum of the City of New York. Founded in 1969, El Museo specializes in Latin American and Caribbean art, with an emphasis on works from Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican community in New York City. It is the oldest museum of the country dedicated to Latino art.

Latin American art
Latin American art is the combined artistic expression of Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and South America, as well as Latin Americans living in other regions.

The art has roots in the many different indigenous cultures that inhabited the Americas before European colonization in the 16th century. The indigenous cultures each developed sophisticated artistic disciplines, which were highly influenced by religious and spiritual concerns. Their work is collectively known and referred to as Pre-Columbian art. The blending of Amerindian, European and African cultures has resulted in a unique Mestizo tradition.
Sergei Pavlovich
Sergei Vladimirovich Pavlovich (Russian: Сергей Владимирович Павлович; born 13 May 1992) is a Russian professional mixed martial artist. Pavlovich  currently competes in the Heavyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). A one-time champion of Russia in Combat Kung Fu. He was also the former Fight Nights Global heavyweight champion. As of June 24, 2025, he is #3 in the UFC heavyweight rankings.

AMC Fight Nights
AMC Fight Nights (or Fight Nights Global before 2021) is a Russian mixed martial arts organization that previously hosted K-1 and other martial arts events. It is one of the largest promotion companies in the world and features some of the top-ranking fighters of the sport.

Fight Nights Global produces events worldwide, with the first one being held in 2010 in Moscow. As of 2018, Fight Nights Global has held over 80 events in different cities: Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Omsk, Rostov-On-Don, Perm, Khabarovsk, Vladivostok, Sochi, Bryansk, Kostroma, Nizhnevartovsk, Kaspiysk, Astana, Elista, Grozny, Dushanbe, Minsk and more.

In different years the company's shows featured Fedor Emelianenko, Batu Khasikov, Vitaly Minakov, Rasul Mirzaev, Ali Bagautinov, Vladimir Mineev, Andrei Arlovski, Alexander Shlemenko, Shamil Zavurov, Murad Machaev, Gasan Umalatov, Antônio Silva, Viktor Pešta, Fábio Maldonado and many other mixed martial artists.
Macintosh conversion
To date, two methods have been used to make a personal computer, not offered by Apple, but able to run a Mac operating system: either create a Macintosh conversion or build a Macintosh clone.

Unlike Mac clones that contain little or no original Apple hardware, Mac conversions are essentially modification kits that require the core components of a previously purchased, genuine Apple Mac computer, such as the Macintosh ROM or the motherboard, in order to become a functional computer system.

This places the commercial production of a Mac conversion under the protection of the first-sale doctrine in the U.S. and similar legal concepts in most other countries.

Motherboard
A motherboard, also known as a mainboard, system board, logic board, and informally mobo (see "Nomenclature" section), is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems. It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals.

Unlike a backplane, a motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems, such as the CPU, the chipset's input/output and memory controllers, interface connectors, and other components integrated for general use.: 48