hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Mahan
John Mahan, (January 26, 1851 – 1895?) was a 19th-century Irish-born American bare-knuckle boxer and pugilist. He was a noted heavyweight fighter in the Northeastern United States during the 1870s and billed as having "an unbeaten record" until his prizefight with future heavyweight champion John L. Sullivan in 1881. Sullivan rose to national prominence as a result of his victory while Mahan went into semi-retirement, taking part in numerous exhibition bouts during the 1880s. Mahan later toured the U.S. with Sullivan and became one of his chief sparring partners.

One-time coroner of Jersey City, New Jersey, he was also involved in New York City politics with Boss Tweed during his boxing career and later involved in the Tweed Ring.

John L. Sullivan
John Lawrence Sullivan (October 15, 1858 – February 2, 1918) was an American professional boxer. Nicknamed the "Boston Strong Boy" and known as John L. among his admirers, he is recognized as the first heavyweight champion of gloved boxing, de facto reigning from 7 February 1882 to 7 September 1892. He is also generally recognized as the last heavyweight champion of bare-knuckle boxing under the London Prize Ring Rules, being a cultural icon of the late 19th century America, arguably the first boxing superstar and one of the world's highest-paid athletes of his era.

Newspapers' coverage of his career, with the latest accounts of his championship fights often appearing in the headlines, and as cover stories, gave birth to sports journalism in the United States and set the pattern internationally for covering boxing events in media, and photodocumenting the prizefights.
Pope Crave
Pope Crave (@ClubConcrave) is a Twitter fan account for the 2024 film Conclave. The account attracted widespread attention following the death of Pope Francis and the subsequent conclave, which it covered at length.

2025 conclave
A conclave was held on 7 and 8 May 2025 to elect a new pope to succeed Francis, who had died on 21 April 2025. Of the 135 eligible cardinal electors, all but two attended. On the fourth ballot, the conclave elected Cardinal Robert Francis Prevost, the prefect of the Dicastery for Bishops and president of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America. After accepting his election, he took the name Leo XIV.
Lawry's and Adolph's
Lawry's and Adolph's are food, seasoning, and beverage brands owned by McCormick & Company, and formerly owned by Unilever and Lawry's.  Products include marinades, spice blends, breadings, Spatini sauce, and other seasoning mixes.

Lawry's Seasoned Salt
Lawry's Seasoned Salt is a seasoned salt widely used in the United States. The seasoning is a mix of salt, sugar, paprika, turmeric, onion, garlic, and other flavorings.

Before its retail introduction in 1938, it was used exclusively by Lawry's The Prime Rib Restaurant in Beverly Hills, where the seasoning was created. The brand is now owned by McCormick & Company. Lawry's was the first seasoned salt to be sold.
1974 Japanese Embassy attack in Kuwait City
On 6 February 1974, Palestinian militants occupied the Japanese embassy in Kuwait City, taking the ambassador and ten others hostage. The militants' motive was to support the Japanese Red Army members and Palestinian militants who were holding hostages on a Singaporean ferry in what is known as the Laju incident. Ultimately, the hostages were released, and the guerrillas were allowed to fly to Aden.

Laju incident
The Laju incident, also known as the Laju ferry hijacking, occurred on 31 January 1974 in Singapore. Four armed men from the militant groups Japanese Red Army and Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine attacked the Shell oil refinery complex on Pulau Bukom and later hijacked the ferryboat Laju and took its five crew members hostage. The crisis was resolved after the Singaporean government provided the militants safe passage to the Middle East in exchange for the release of the hostages.
Indian Railway Service of Electrical Engineers
The Indian Railway Service of Electrical Engineers (IRSEE) is a prestigious group A central engineering services of the Indian railways. The officers of this service are responsible for managing the Electrical Engineering organisation of the Indian Railways.

The Indian railways have technical and non-technical departments for its operation and management which form the base structure on which the railways function. Technical departments include civil, electrical and mechanical engineering, signaling and telecom, and several others dealing with similar disciplines, control of operation and movement is done by traffic services(IRTS) while the non-technical departments include general services such as accounts, personnel management, Railway protection Force (RPF) or security, among others. Each department has staff at various levels. The highest are the Group A officers, while the lowest in rank are the Group D staff members.

IRSEE falls under the category of Group "A" officers.

Engineering Services Examination
The Engineering Services Examination (ESE) is a standardized test conducted annually by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) to recruit officers to various engineering services under the Government of India. Held in four categories—Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, and Electronics & Telecommunication, the exam has three stages comprising objective, subjective and personality tests. The Services are also informally known as Indian Engineering Services (IES).

Officers recruited through ESE are mandated to manage and conduct activities in diverse technical fields. Government infrastructure includes railways, roads, defence, manufacturing, inspection, supply, construction, public works, power, and telecommunications. Appointments are made by the President of India.
Range coding
Range coding (or range encoding) is an entropy coding method defined by G. Nigel N. Martin in a 1979 paper, which effectively rediscovered the FIFO arithmetic code first introduced by Richard Clark Pasco in 1976. Given a stream of symbols and their probabilities, a range coder produces a space-efficient stream of bits to represent these symbols and, given the stream and the probabilities, a range decoder reverses the process.

Range coding is very similar to arithmetic coding, except that coding is done with digits in any base, instead of with bits, and so it is faster when using larger bases (e.g. a byte) at small cost in compression efficiency. After the expiration of the first (1978) arithmetic coding patent, range coding appeared to clearly be free of patent encumbrances. This particularly drove interest in the technique in the open source community. Since that time, patents on various well-known arithmetic coding techniques have also expired.

Arithmetic coding
Arithmetic coding (AC) is a form of entropy coding used in lossless data compression. Normally, a string of characters is represented using a fixed number of bits per character, as in the ASCII code. When a string is converted to arithmetic encoding, frequently used characters will be stored with fewer bits and not-so-frequently occurring characters will be stored with more bits, resulting in fewer bits used in total. Arithmetic coding differs from other forms of entropy encoding, such as Huffman coding, in that rather than separating the input into component symbols and replacing each with a code, arithmetic coding encodes the entire message into a single number, an arbitrary-precision fraction q, where 0.0 ≤ q < 1.0.
Karl Schmedes
Karl Schmedes (November 14, 1908 – May 31, 1981) was a German boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Dortmund.

In 1936 he was eliminated in the first round of the lightweight class after losing his fight to José Padilla.

José Padilla Jr.
José Carmelo "Pempe" Ruiz Padilla Jr. (Tagalog pronunciation: [paˈdilja]; July 16, 1911 – June 18, 1979) was a Filipino actor who appeared in several dozen movies. He made his first movie in 1931.

Padilla also represented his country as a lightweight boxer during the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States, in 1932 and the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany, in 1936. In 1932, he was eliminated in the first round of the lightweight class after losing his bout to eventual gold medalist Lawrence Stevens from South Africa.
Caulfield Bears
The Caulfield Bears Football Club is an Australian rules football club based in Victoria, Australia. The club has competed in the Southern Football League (current "Southern Football Netball League") from 1993 to present day. This club was formed in 1993 after the merging of two clubs, St. Kevins Ormond F.C. and St Andrews Gardenvale F.C. rival clubs from the Eastern Suburban Churches Football Association (ESCFA).

The Bears have no links to the former club that played in the Victorian Football Association until the 1980s. They were initially based in the Melbourne suburb of Caulfield and wore a blue and white guernsey but now call Koornang Park in Carnegie home.

They also have a Junior club that competes in South Metro Junior Football League.

Caulfield Football Club
The Caulfield Football Club, nicknamed Bears, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Caulfield South.

It competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1965 until 1987, when the club folded due to financial difficulties.
Torn (novel)
Torn is the second book of the young adult paranormal literature series the Trylle Trilogy.  It picks up the story of Wendy Everly and the Trylle that began in Switched.

It was again self-published by Amanda Hocking as an eBook on 12 November 2010.

Hocking has referred to Torn as 'the dark middle child' of the series, citing more mature themes and a darker storyline than the previous novel.

Switched (novel)
Switched is the first book of the young adult paranormal literature series the Trylle Trilogy. It follows the story of Wendy Everly as she meets Finn Holmes, who informs her of her inherited royal status and true identity as a member of the Trylle.
Domvile baronets (1686 creation)
The Domvile Baronetcy, of Templeogue in the County of Dublin, was created in the Baronetage of Ireland on 21 December 1686 for Thomas Domvile, who represented Mullingar in the Irish House of Commons. He was the son of William Domville (Attorney-General for Ireland), son of Gilbert Domville, MP for Dublin, member of an ancient Cheshire family. The second Baronet was a member of the Irish Parliament for County Dublin. The title became extinct on his death in 1768. Sir William Domvile, brother of the first Baronet, represented Armagh and Dublin in the Irish Parliament. William Domville, elder brother of the aforementioned Gilbert Domvile, was the ancestor of the Domville baronets of St Alban's.

Sir Thomas Domvile, 1st Baronet (c. 1650–1721)

Sir Compton Domvile, 2nd Baronet (1696–1768)

Sir Thomas Domvile, 1st Baronet
Sir Thomas Domvile, 1st Baronet (c.1655 – 15 April 1721) was an Anglo-Irish politician.

He was the son of Sir William Domville (1609–1689) and Brigid Lake, the daughter of Sir Thomas Lake.

On 21 December 1686, Domvile was created a baronet, of Templeogue in the Baronetage of Ireland. He was granted the forfeited manor of the Jacobite the late James Talbot at Templeogue in 1694.
He was the Member of Parliament for Mullingar in the Irish House of Commons between 1692 and 1693. 
His first wife (and cousin) Elizabeth Lake, was the daughter of Sir Lancelot Lake,  their daughter, Bridget, married Henry Barry, 3rd Baron Barry of Santry.
He was succeeded in his title by his son, Compton Domvile from his second wife Anna Domville (née Compton), with Anna he also had a daughter Elizabeth Pocklington (Domville), the mother of Charles Pocklington-Domvile.

He married for a third time Frances Cole the daughter of Sir John Cole of Enniskillen.
Operation White
Operation White (15–18 November 1940) was a British attempt to deliver fourteen aircraft, twelve Hurricane Mk II fighters and two Skua fighter–dive bombers, to Malta from the aircraft carrier HMS Argus. White was one of what became known as Club Runs, that supplied fighters for the defence of Malta.

The operation was thwarted by the presence of the Italian fleet, which prompted the premature dispatch of the fighters; combined with bad weather and some poor navigation, this led to only five aircraft reaching Malta, all but one the other pilots and aircraft being lost at sea.

An enquiry blamed the Hurricane pilots for lack of familiarity with the constant-speed propeller on the Hurricane Mk II. Few people were convinced and Vice-Admiral Sir James Somerville, the commander of Force H at Gibraltar, confided in his diary that the operation was "a frightful failure" and blamed himself for the tragedy.

Club Run
Club Run was an informal name for aircraft ferry operations from Gibraltar to Malta during the Siege of Malta from 1940 to 1942 during the Second World War. Malta was half-way between Gibraltar to Alexandria and had the only harbour controlled by the British in the area. Malta had docks, repair facilities, reserves and stores, which had been built up since the cession of the island to Britain in 1814. Malta had become an important staging post for aircraft and a base for air reconnaissance over the central Mediterranean.

The Axis powers Italy and Germany made several attempts from 1941 to 1942 to either force the British military authorities on the island to surrender or to destroy its effectiveness as a military base. The island was a forward base from which Axis supplies to their North African armies could be attacked. It is a measure of Malta's importance that Britain reassigned fighter aircraft from home defence.
Topoisomer
Topoisomers or topological isomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and stereochemical bond connectivities but  different topologies. Examples of molecules for which there exist topoisomers include DNA, which can form knots, and catenanes. Each topoisomer of a given DNA molecule possesses a different linking number associated with it. DNA topoisomers can be interchanged by enzymes called topoisomerases. Using a topoisomerase along with an intercalator, topoisomers with different linking number may be separated on an agarose gel via gel electrophoresis.

Catenane
In macromolecular chemistry, a catenane (from Latin  catena 'chain') is a mechanically interlocked molecular architecture consisting of two or more interlocked macrocycles, i.e. a molecule containing two or more intertwined rings. The interlocked rings cannot be separated without breaking the covalent bonds of the macrocycles. They are conceptually related to other mechanically interlocked molecular architectures, such as rotaxanes, molecular knots or molecular Borromean rings. Recently the terminology "mechanical bond" has been coined that describes the connection between the macrocycles of a catenane. Catenanes have been synthesised in two  different ways: statistical synthesis and template-directed synthesis.
Jumpsuit (song)
"Jumpsuit" is a song written and recorded by the American musical duo Twenty One Pilots. It was released on July 11, 2018, as the first of the lead singles from their fifth studio album Trench (2018), alongside "Nico and the Niners". The track was nominated for Best Rock Song at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards. Peaking at number 50 on the Billboard Hot 100, it is their fifth-highest-charting song, behind "Stressed Out", "Heathens", "Ride", and "Level of Concern".

Heathens (Twenty One Pilots song)
"Heathens" is a song by American musical duo Twenty One Pilots, released as the lead single from the motion picture soundtrack to the DC Comics film Suicide Squad (2016) on June 16, 2016, through Atlantic Records. The song was written by Tyler Joseph and produced by him along with Mike Elizondo. "Heathens" peaked at number two on the US Billboard Hot 100, tying with "Stressed Out" for the duo's highest-charting single to date. "Heathens" was nominated for three Grammy Awards at the 59th annual awards ceremony.
Strongly connected component
In the mathematical theory of directed graphs, a graph is said to be strongly connected if every vertex is reachable from every other vertex. The strongly connected components of a directed graph form a partition into subgraphs that are strongly connected themselves. It is possible to test the strong connectivity of a graph, or to find its strongly connected components, in linear time (that is, Θ(V + E)).

Reachability
In graph theory, reachability refers to the ability to get from one vertex to another within a graph. A vertex  can reach a vertex  (and  is reachable from ) if there exists a sequence of adjacent vertices (i.e. a walk) which starts with  and ends with .

In an undirected graph, reachability between all pairs of vertices can be determined by identifying the connected components of the graph. Any pair of vertices in such a graph can reach each other if and only if they belong to the same connected component; therefore, in such a graph, reachability is symmetric ( reaches  iff  reaches ). The connected components of an undirected graph can be identified in linear time. The remainder of this article focuses on the more difficult problem of determining pairwise reachability in a directed graph (which, incidentally, need not be symmetric).
1988 Air Canada Cup
The 1988 Air Canada Cup was Canada's 10th annual national midget 'AAA' hockey championship, which was played in April 1988 at the Fort William Gardens in Thunder Bay, Ontario.  The Regina Pat Canadians defeated the Calgary NorthStars to win their second national title. The host Thunder Bay Bearcats won the bronze medal.  Calgary's Wes Walz was named Most Valuable Player.  Other future National Hockey League players playing in this tournament were Greg Johnson, Rob Pearson, Chris Snell, Brent Thompson, and Dale Craigwell.

Telus Cup
The Telus Cup is Canada's national under-18 ice hockey club championship. It is an annual event, held by Hockey Canada each April. From 1979 to 2003, the national championship was sponsored by Air Canada.

The current champions are the Regina Pat Canadians who won the 2025 Telus Cup.
Drill 'n' bass
Drill 'n' bass is a subgenre of drum and bass which developed in the mid-1990s as IDM artists began experimenting with elements of jungle and breakbeat music. Artists utilized powerful audio software to program frenzied, irregular beats that often discouraged dancing. The style was often interpreted as having a lightly parodic relationship with the dance styles that inspired it.

Jungle music
Jungle is a genre of electronic music that developed in the 1990s out of the UK rave scene and Jamaican sound system culture. Emerging from breakbeat hardcore, the style is characterised by rapid breakbeats, heavily syncopated percussive loops, samples and synthesised effects, combined with the deep basslines, melodies and vocal samples found in dub, reggae and dancehall, as well as hip-hop and funk. Many producers frequently sampled the "Amen break" or other breakbeats from funk and jazz recordings. Jungle was a direct precursor to the drum and bass genre which emerged in the mid-1990s.
Mount Greenwood, Chicago
Mount Greenwood is one of the 77 community areas in Chicago. The 74th numbered area, it is about 14 miles (23 km) southwest of the Loop. It is surrounded by the neighborhoods of Beverly and Morgan Park to the east, the suburb of Evergreen Park to the north, the suburb of Oak Lawn to the west, and the suburbs of Merrionette Park and Alsip to the south. Mount Greenwood is known as the home of many Chicago firefighters, Chicago police officers, and union workers.

Morgan Park, Chicago
Morgan Park, located on the far south side of the city of Chicago, Illinois, United States, is one of the city's 77 official community areas. Morgan Park is located south of the Beverly neighborhood and north of the Chicago city border, and includes Mount Greenwood Cemetery. The community, settled in the mid-19th century, was initially known as North Blue Island, being located close to the existing town of Blue Island to the south. As of 2013, Morgan Park was majority-black, with approximately 22,924 residents in 2015.
Karachi Area Control Centre
Karachi Area Control Centre (Urdu: کراچی ہوائی مرکز اختیار) is one of two Area Control Centers in Pakistan operated by the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority and is based in Terminal 1 at Jinnah International Airport in Karachi. Karachi ACC air traffic controllers provide en route and terminal control services to aircraft in the Karachi Flight Information Region. The Karachi FIR airspace covers Pakistani airspace between the 30° North to 23° North. To the north is the Lahore FIR. To the east is the Delhi FIR. To the south is the Muscat FIR and to the west are the Tehran FIR and Kabul FIRs.

Jinnah International Airport
Jinnah International Airport (Urdu: جناح بین الاقوامی ہوائی اڈا) (IATA: KHI, ICAO: OPKC), formerly Drigh Road Airport or Karachi International Airport, is Pakistan's second busiest international and domestic airport in terms of total passengers, being surpassed by Islamabad International Airport in 2024–2025. Located in Karachi, the largest city and commercial capital of Pakistan and capital of the province of Sindh, it is named after Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the statesman founder of Pakistan.

The airport is managed by the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority (PCAA), and serves as a hub for the national flag carrier, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA), airblue, and many other private airlines. The airport is equipped with aircraft engineering and overhauling facilities including the Ispahani Hangar for wide-body aircraft.
Dungeness railway station (South Eastern Railway)
Dungeness was a railway station which served the Dungeness headland in Kent, England. Opened in 1883 by the Lydd Railway Company, it closed to passengers in 1937. Part of the line which served the station is converted to the main access road as a means of transporting atomic waste from nearby Dungeness nuclear power station.

Dungeness
Dungeness (UK: /ˌdʌndʒəˈnɛs/ ⓘ, UK: /ˌdʌndʒˈnɛs/) is a headland on the coast of Kent, England, formed largely of a shingle beach in the form of a cuspate foreland. It shelters a large area of low-lying land, Romney Marsh. Dungeness spans Dungeness Nuclear Power Station, the hamlet of Dungeness, and an  ecological site at the same location. It lies within the civil parish of Lydd.
Penny Chenery
Helen Bates "Penny" Chenery  (January 27, 1922 – September 16, 2017) (married names: Penny Tweedy until 1974 and later Penny Ringquist until 1980) was an American sportswoman who bred and owned Secretariat, the 1973 winner of the Triple Crown. The youngest of three children, she graduated from The Madeira School in 1939 and earned a Bachelor of Arts from Smith College, then studied at the Columbia Business School, where she met her future husband, John Tweedy, Sr., a Columbia Law School graduate. In March 2011, Randolph-Macon College in Ashland, Virginia, awarded Chenery an Honorary Doctor of Laws degree.

Madeira School
The Madeira School (simply referred to as Madeira School or Madeira) is an elite, private, day and boarding college-preparatory school for girls in McLean, Virginia, United States. It was established in 1906 by Lucy Madeira Wing.
What Am I Doing in the Middle of a Revolution?
What Am I Doing in the Middle of a Revolution? (Italian: Che c'entriamo noi con la rivoluzione?, also known as ¡Qué nos importa la revolución!) is a 1972 Zapata Western comedy film.

The title should be interpreted, according to the director Sergio Corbucci, as "What Am I Doing in the Middle of the Western Cinema?". It is the final chapter of the Corbucci's trilogy about the Mexican revolution, after The Mercenary and Compañeros. The film mixes comedy and political apologue.

The Mercenary (film)
The Mercenary (Italian: Il mercenario), known in the UK as A Professional Gun, is a 1968 Zapata Western film directed by Sergio Corbucci. The film stars: Franco Nero, Jack Palance, Tony Musante, Eduardo Fajardo and Giovanna Ralli, and features a musical score by Ennio Morricone, taking inspiration from his work in Guns for San Sebastian, and Bruno Nicolai.