hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frank Wesson Rifles
Frank Wesson rifles were a series of single-shot rifles manufactured between 1859 and 1888 in Worcester, Massachusetts.  They were purchased by many state governments during the American Civil War, including Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, and Ohio. They were one of the first rifles to use rimfire metallic cartridges.

The rifles were initially made in .22, .32, .38, and .44 rimfire.  Centerfire cartridges were added later, and some rifles were capable of firing rimfire or centerfire cartridges, by altering an adjustment on the hammer.

Henry rifle
The Henry repeating rifle is a lever-action tubular magazine rifle. It is famous for having been used at the Battle of the Little Bighorn and having been the basis for the iconic Winchester rifle of the American Wild West.

Designed and introduced by Benjamin Tyler Henry in 1860, the original Henry was a sixteen-shot .44 caliber rimfire breech-loading lever-action rifle.  It was produced from 1860 until 1866 in the United States by the New Haven Arms Company. The Henry was adopted in small quantities by the Union in the American Civil War, favored for its greater firepower than the standard-issue carbine.  Many later found their way West, notably in the hands of a few of the Sioux and Cheyenne in their defeat of George Armstrong Custer's U.S. Cavalry troops in June 1876.

Modern replicas are produced by A. Uberti and Henry Repeating Arms in .44-40 Winchester and .45 Colt.
Hochkönig Road
The Hochkönig Road (German: Hochkönig Straße or, in Tyrol, Hochkönigstraße), – the B 164 – is a state road (Landesstraße) in Austria. It has a length of 75 kilometres (47 mi). Beginning in Bischofshofen in the Salzach valley, it runs initially between the Hochkönig and Dienten Mountains along the Dienten Saddle (1,342 m (AA)) and on into the valley of the  Saalach to Saalfelden am Steinernen Meer. On the far side of the Saalach the road runs into the Leoganger Tal between the Leoganger Steinberge and the Loferer Steinberge to the north and the Kitzbühel Alps to the south via Leogang up to the Grießen Pass (975 m above sea level (AA)), and via Fieberbrunn downhill again into the valley of the Kitzbühler Ache to St. Johann in Tirol. On the last section the road runs parallel to the Salzburg-Tyrol Railway.

Saalfelden
Saalfelden am Steinernen Meer is a town in the district of Zell am See in the Austrian state of Salzburg. With approximately 16,000 inhabitants, Saalfelden is the district's largest town and the third of the federal state after Salzburg and Hallein.
Portraits of Frederick the Great
Frederick the Great was the subject of many portraits. Many were painted during Frederick's life, and he would give portraits of himself as gifts. Almost all portraits of Frederick are idealized and do not reflect how he looked according to his death mask. It has been suggested that the most accurate representation of Frederick may be the picture of a flautist from the English painter William Hogarth's 1743 painting Marriage A-la-Mode: 4. The Toilette.

Marriage A-la-Mode: 4. The Toilette
The Toilette, called The countess's morning levee on the frame, is the fourth canvas in the series of six satirical paintings known as Marriage A-la-Mode painted by William Hogarth.

The old earl has died, so the son is now the new earl, and his wife is the countess. As was still the fashion at the time, the countess is holding a reception during her "toilette", her grooming, in her bedroom, in imitation of this age-old custom of kings called a levee. The fact that Hogarth ridiculed this convocation of people in the bedroom of a noble during their "morning" grooming (often very late in the day) proves that such a convocation in such an intimate room was increasingly viewed as inappropriate and lewd.
Ivan Ryzhov
Ivan Petrovich Ryzhov (Russian: Ива́н Петро́вич Рыжо́в; 25 January 1913, Zelyonaya Sloboda, Bronnitsky Uyezd, Moscow Governorate — 15 March 2004, Moscow) was a Soviet and Russian film and theater actor. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1980).

People's Artist of the RSFSR
People's Artist of the RSFSR (Russian: Народный артист РСФСР, Narodnyj artist RSFSR) was an honorary title granted to Soviet Union artists, including theatre and film directors, actors, choreographers, music performers, and orchestra conductors, who had outstanding achievements in the arts, and who lived in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). This title was one rank below Honored Artist of the RSFSR and one above People's Artist of the USSR.

The title was introduced on 10 August 1931. In 1992, after the Russian SFSR was renamed as the Russian Federation, it was replaced by People's Artist of Russia.
Double Dare (Darey album)
Double Dare (Heartbeat) is the third studio album by Nigerian R&B and Afro-soul artist Darey. It was released on 28 February 2011 by Soul Muzik. The album is a double album, with the first disc, Heart focusing on mid-tempo highlife songs fused with R&B, and the second disc, Beat leaning towards up-tempo electronic dance tracks and pop music. Heart has no features, while Beat features guest appearances from Timaya, Mo'Cheddah, Chamillionaire, 9ice, P-Square, Jesse Jagz and Password with production work handled by notable producers such as Del B, eLDee, Wayne McNeish, Don Jazzy, Password and Cobhams Asuquo.

ELDee
Lanre Dabirilistenⓘ (born May 23, 1977), better known by his stage name Eldee, stylized as eLDee, is a retired Nigerian-American rapper, singer, and record producer based in the United States.

He is a member of the band Trybesmen, which was started in 1998 with rappers KB and Freestyle. He has made five solo albums. In 2019, he said he does not regret quitting music as the path his career was going would not make him have time for his family. On October 1, 2016, Netng longlisted him on its list of 56 greatest Nigerian entertainers of all time, for his contribution towards the music industry, and for founding the first official Nigeria airplay chart, known as Playdata, for monitoring music consumption on radio.
Walthamstow Village
Walthamstow Village is the oldest part of Walthamstow, east London. It was designated a Conservation Area by the London Borough of Waltham Forest in 1967, and another Conservation Area on nearby Orford Road was subsequently added. The area centres on St. Mary's Church, which was founded in the 12th century. Across the road from this is a 15th-century timber-framed hall house called "The Ancient House", which was restored in 1934 and 2002. Nearby are almshouses dating from the 16th and 18th centuries, and the Vestry House Museum, which has been used as a workhouse and police station, but has been a museum since 1931.  It also holds the archives of the borough and a local studies library.

Orford Road, the ancient road leading up to St Mary's church, has in recent years developed as a street of small restaurants, cafes and a local supermarket. There are also several pubs in the area.

Vestry House Museum
51°35′0″N 0°0′45″W﻿ / ﻿51.58333°N 0.01250°W﻿ / 51.58333; -0.01250

Vestry House Museum is a history museum in Walthamstow focusing on the heritage of the local area. The collection includes various artefacts dating from the Victorian era to the 20th century, including numerous archived documents and photographs.

Vestry House was originally built as a workhouse and was later used as a police station and also as private housing (amongst the exhibits is a replica police cell demonstrating one of the building's previous uses). The building became a museum in 1931.

On permanent display in the museum is the Bremer Car, the first British motor car with an internal combustion engine, which was built by Frederick Bremer (1872–1941) in a workshop at the back of his family home in Connaught Road, Walthamstow. The car first ran in 1892 and was donated to the museum by Bremer in 1933.

In 2023, the museum began a revitalisation led by architects Studio Weave.
Speers Point
Speers Point is a suburb of Greater Newcastle, and the location of the council seat of the City of Lake Macquarie local government area in New South Wales, Australia. It is 17 kilometres (10.6 mi) west-southwest of the city of Newcastle on the northern shore of Lake Macquarie, in Cockle and Warners Bays, between the suburbs of Cardiff and Warners Bay.

Speers Point was settled in 1828 and local commerce began through a colliery in 1843. By 2006, the suburb had a population of 3,230.

There has been a proposal to rename part of the suburb to 'Lake Macquarie', to reflect the name of the city.

City of Lake Macquarie
The City of Lake Macquarie is a local government area (LGA) in the Hunter Region in New South Wales, Australia. It was proclaimed a city on 7 September 1984.  It is adjacent to the city of Newcastle and is part of the Greater Newcastle area. The city is approximately 150 km (93 mi) north of Sydney. One of its major tourist attractions is its lake, also named Lake Macquarie.

The mayor of the city is Councillor Adam Shultz, a member of the Labor Party.

The Royal Australian Navy ship HMAS Tobruk was granted the Right of Freedom of Entry to the city on 9 August 1991.
2015 Island Games
The XVI Island Games (also known as the 2015 NatWest Island Games for sponsorship reasons) were held in Jersey, Channel Islands, from 27 June to 3 July 2015. This was the second time the island hosted the games, the first being in 1997.

The week-long event saw around 3,000 competitors from 24 islands take part in 14 sports. The official mascot of the games was a real-life infant silverback gorilla named Indigo who lives at Durrell Wildlife Park in Trinity, Jersey.

Island Games
The Island Games are biennial international multi-sports events organised by the International Island Games Association (IIGA). Competitor teams each represent different island communities (with one team from the peninsula of Gibraltar) which are IIGA members. Currently, all competitor teams represent non-sovereign territories of European nations—some within European waters and some further overseas.

The games are being hosted by the Faroe Islands in 2027. The previous edition was the 2025, which took place in Orkney with around 2,200 competitors from 24 islands or island groups participating in 14 sports.
Richard Saunders (skeptic)
Richard Saunders is an Australian scientific skeptic and podcaster. In 2001, he was awarded a life membership by Australian Skeptics and has twice served as their president. He has presented on skepticism, represented the Australian Skeptics on television and radio shows, and is the co-host of The Skeptic Zone podcast.

Australian Skeptics
Australian Skeptics is a loose confederation of like-minded organisations across Australia that began in 1980. Australian Skeptics investigate paranormal and pseudoscientific claims using scientific methodologies. This page covers all Australian skeptical groups which are of this mindset. The name "Australian Skeptics" can be confused with one of the more prominent groups, "Australian Skeptics Inc", which is based in Sydney and is one of the central organising groups within Australian Skeptics.
DeNorval Unthank
DeNorval Unthank (December 14, 1899 – September 20, 1977) was an American physician and civil rights activist in Portland, Oregon. Unthank was one of the first black doctors in Oregon and the only black physician operating in Portland during the 1930s. He became the first black member of the City Club of Portland in 1943, and co-founded the Urban League of Portland in 1945.

Urban League of Portland
The Urban League of Portland is a service, civil rights, and advocacy organization for African Americans in the Pacific Northwest region. Today, the League is a non-profit, community-based organization committed to providing opportunities and support services for education, employment, health, economic security, and quality of life.
Wang Guangying
Wang Guangying (Chinese: 王光英; pinyin: Wáng Guāngyīng; Wade–Giles: Wang Kuang-ying; August 1919 – 29 October 2018) was a Chinese entrepreneur and politician. He was one of the most prominent "red capitalists", a title bestowed on him by Premier Zhou Enlai. He founded Modern Chemical Works in the 1940s and served as Founding Chairman of China Everbright Group in the 1980s. His sister Wang Guangmei was the wife of President Liu Shaoqi, and for that connection he was persecuted and imprisoned during the Cultural Revolution, when Liu was ousted by Chairman Mao Zedong. Wang was rehabilitated after Mao's death and served as Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Vice Chairperson of the National People's Congress (NPC).

Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
The vice chairpersons of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress are deputies to the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, responsible for assisting the chairman in his work.

The vice chairpersons are formally nominated by the Presidium of the NPC during a session and approved by the delegations of the NPC, though in reality are chosen within the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP). The chairman, vice chairpersons and the secretary-general of the NPCSC collectively constitute the Council of Chairpersons. A vice chairperson may be delegated to exercise some of the chairman's powers by the chairman. In the case that the chairman becomes incapacitated, NPCSC temporarily elects one of the vice chairpersons until the chairman is able to resume their work or a new chairman is elected by the NPC. Since 1982, vice chairpersons are appointed for a term of five years, and cannot serve for more than two terms.
Jagat Murari
Jagat Murari (5 October 1924 – 13 April 2007) was a distinguished Indian documentary filmmaker, known well for his contributions to Indian cinema as a producer, director, educator. He played a pioneering role in a number of key film institutions in India, including the Film & Television Institute of India (FTII), the National Film Archive of India (NFAI), and the Directorate of Film Festivals (DFF). Murari is well remembered for nurturing young, talented students as head of FTII, Pune between 1962 and 1971, many of whom are now well known names in the Bollywood industry, including Jaya Bhaduri, Shabana Azmi, Adoor Gopalakrishnan and Subhash Ghai.

National Film Archive of India
The National Film Archive of India (NFAI) was established as a media unit of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting in February 1964. It was a member of the International Federation of Film Archives.

In March 2022, it was merged with the National Film Development Corporation.
Institute of Cornish Studies
The Institute of Cornish Studies (Cornish: Fondyans Studhyansow Kernewek, ICS) is a research institute affiliated with the University of Exeter. Formerly located at Pool, near Redruth, then in Truro, it is now on the University's Penryn Campus near Penryn, Cornwall.

Penryn, Cornwall
Penryn (/pɛnˈrɪn/; Cornish: Pennrynn, meaning 'promontory') is a civil parish and town in west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is on the Penryn River about 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Falmouth. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 8,489 and the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which extends beyond the parish boundary) had a population of 11,195.

Though now the town is overshadowed by the larger nearby town of Falmouth, Penryn was once an important harbour in its own right, lading granite and tin to be shipped to other parts of the country and world during the medieval period.
Falur Harðarson
Falur Jóhann Harðarson (born 15 October 1968) is an Icelandic basketball coach and a former player. He spent most of his career with Keflavík where he won five national championships, the last one as a player-coach, and 3 national cups. A five time Úrvalsdeild Domestic All-First Team selection, he was named the Úrvalsdeild Domestic Player of the Year in 1999.

Falur started his coaching career with Keflavík women's team and led them to the national championship in 1990.

Úrvalsdeild karla (basketball)
Úrvalsdeild karla (English: Men's Premier League), also known as Bónus deild karla for sponsorship reasons, is the highest men's professional basketball competition among clubs in Iceland, where play determines the national champion. It is organized by the Icelandic Basketball Federation (Icelandic: Körfuknattleikssamband Íslands - KKÍ).
The season consists of a home-and-away schedule of 22 games, followed by an eight-team playoff round. Quarterfinals, semifinals and finals series are best-of-five. The bottom clubs are relegated, and replaced by the top team from the regular-season phase and the four-team playoff round winner of the second-level First Division (Icelandic: 1. deild karla).
Pete Crow-Armstrong
Peter Henry Crow-Armstrong (born March 25, 2002), also known by his initials "PCA", is an American professional baseball center fielder for the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball (MLB). He made his MLB debut in 2023.

Crow-Armstrong was drafted by the New York Mets with the 19th overall pick of the 2020 MLB draft. During the 2021 trade deadline, he was traded to the Cubs for Javier Báez and Trevor Williams. In 2025, Crow-Armstrong was named to his first All-Star game.

Center fielder
A center fielder, abbreviated CF, is the outfielder in baseball who plays defense in center field – the baseball and softball fielding position between left field and right field. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the center fielder is assigned the number 8.
William Cox (governor)
William John Ellis Cox, AC, RFD, ED, KC (born 1 April 1936) is an Australian judge who was Governor of Tasmania from 15 December 2004 to 2 April 2008, prior to which he was the state's Chief Justice and Lieutenant Governor.

Efficiency Decoration
The Efficiency Decoration, post-nominal letters TD for recipients serving in the Territorial Army of the United Kingdom or ED for those serving in the Auxiliary Military Forces, was instituted in 1930 for award to part-time officers after twenty years of service as an efficient and thoroughly capable officer. The decoration superseded the Volunteer Officers' Decoration, the Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration and the Territorial Decoration.

In the British Commonwealth, the decoration was gradually superseded by national decorations in some member countries, in Canada by the  Canadian Forces' Decoration in 1951, in the Union of South Africa by the John Chard Decoration in 1952 and in Australia by the Reserve Force Decoration in 1982. In the United Kingdom, the decoration was superseded by the Volunteer Reserves Service Medal in 1999. New Zealand continues to award the Efficiency Decoration (New Zealand) and is one of a few countries still to do so.
Conjunctive normal form
In Boolean algebra, a formula is in conjunctive normal form (CNF) or clausal normal form if it is a conjunction of one or more clauses, where a clause is a disjunction of literals; otherwise put, it is a product of sums or an AND of ORs.

In automated theorem proving, the notion "clausal normal form" is often used in a narrower sense, meaning a particular representation of a CNF formula as a set of sets of literals.

Logical conjunction
In logic, mathematics and linguistics, and () is the truth-functional operator of conjunction or logical conjunction. The logical connective of this operator is typically represented as  or  or  (prefix) or  or  in which  is the most modern and widely used.

The and of a set of operands is true if and only if all of its operands are true, i.e.,  is true if and only if  is true and  is true.

An operand of a conjunction is a conjunct.

Beyond logic, the term "conjunction" also refers to similar concepts in other fields:

In natural language, the denotation of expressions such as English "and";

In programming languages, the short-circuit and control structure;

In set theory, intersection.

In lattice theory, logical conjunction (greatest lower bound).
Zorawar Singh (Dogra general)
Zorawar Singh (1784–12 December 1841) was a military general of the Dogra Rajput ruler, Gulab Singh, who served as the Raja of Jammu under the Sikh Empire. He was born in the Chandel Rajput family in the  princely state of Kahlur (Bilaspur, state of Chandels), in present-day Himachal Pradesh, hence known as Kahluria. He served as the governor (wazir-e-wazarat) of Kishtwar and extended the territories of the kingdom by conquering Ladakh and Baltistan. He also attempted to conquer the Western Tibet (Ngari Khorsum) but was killed in battle of To-yo during the Dogra-Tibetan war. Due to his role in the conquests in the Himalaya Mountains Zorawar Singh has been referred to as the "Conqueror of Ladakh".

Gulab Singh
Gulab Singh (21 October 1792 – 30 June 1857) was the first Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir and the founder of the Dogra dynasty. Originally a commander of the Sikh Empire, he sided with the British in the First Anglo-Sikh War and briefly became prime minister of the Sikh Empire in 1846. In the same year he signed the Treaty of Amritsar with the British, establishing the state of Jammu and Kashmir under the suzerainty of the British Raj; this treaty formalized the transfer of all lands that were ceded by the Sikhs to the British in the Treaty of Lahore.
Sengenyama Kofun
Sengenyama Kofun (浅間山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Kuraganomachi neighborhood the city of Takasaki, Gunma Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1927. It is the second largest kofun in Gunma Prefecture after the Ōta Tenjinyama Kofun (Ōta), and third in the Kantō region after the Ōta Tenjinyama Kofun and the Funazukayama Kofun (Ishioka, Ibaraki). It is estimated to have been built around the end of the 4th century and the beginning of the 5th century and is part of a group of 13 tumuli which were concentrated in the vicinity, forming the Kuragano kofun cluster.

Ōta Tenjinyama Kofun
Ōta Tenjinyama Kofun (太田天神山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Uchigashimacho neighborhood of the city of Ōta, Gunma Prefecture in the northern Kantō region of Japan. It was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1941. It is the largest kofun in Gunma Prefecture and the 28th largest in the country. It is the only kofun with a length in excess of 200 meters in eastern Japan.. It is also sometimes referred to as the Dantaiyama Kofun (男体山古墳).
CSA Treichville
CSA Treichville is an Ivorian men's and women's basketball club based in the Treichville neighbourhood in Abidjan. Established in 1998, the team plays in the Ivorian Basketball Championship, the national highest level league. The women's team has won the national championship four times.

Ligue d'Or
The Ligue d'Or (in English: Golden League), formerly known as the Ivorian Basketball Championship, is the premier basketball league for clubs in Ivory Coast. The league consist out of twelve teams as of the 2024 season. The most successful team in the league's history is ABC Fighters, who have won a record 22 titles. The league was re-named the "Ligue d'Or" in 2024.

The champions of the national championship are eligible to play in the Road to BAL, the qualifying rounds of the Basketball Africa League (BAL).