hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pilot licensing in Canada
Pilot licensing in Canada is administered by Transport Canada under the Aeronautics Act and the Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs).

Other than when flying a hang glider or paraglider, a person may only operate a Canadian-registered aircraft or act as a flight crew member in Canada with a licence or permit issued by Transport Canada.

At the end of 2008 there were 64,932 Canadian licences and permits held, giving Canada the second largest population of licensed pilots in the world.

The first Canadian private pilot's licence was issued to James Stanley Scott on January 24, 1920, and the first Canadian transport licence was issued to Douglas G. Joy on April 1, 1939.

Pilot certification in the United States
In the United States, pilots must be certified to fly most aircraft. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), part of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT), regulates certification to ensure safety and standardization. Pilots can earn certification under Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) Part 61 or, if attending an approved school, under 14 CFR Part 141. Those operating commercial drones must obtain certification under 14 CFR Part 107.

An FAA-issued pilot certificate grants official authorization to operate an aircraft. However, it is just one of several kinds of airman certificates issued by the FAA to aviation professionals. The FAA also certifies flight engineers, flight instructors, ground instructors, flight dispatchers, aircraft maintenance technicians, parachute riggers, air traffic controllers, flight navigators, and flight attendants.
Dhiraj Seth
Lieutenant General Dhiraj Seth, PVSM, UYSM, AVSM is a serving general officer of the Indian Army. He currently serves as General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Command. He was previously tenanting the appointment of General Officer Commanding-in-Chief South Western Command. He earlier held the appointment of General Officer commanding Delhi Area, prior to that he was General Officer Commanding XXI Corps. He is also the Colonel of the Regiment of the Armoured Corps.

South Western Command (India)
The South Western Command of the Indian Army was established on 15 April 2005 and became fully operational on 15 August 2005. It was established in response to the emerging threats and opportunities on the Western Indo-Pak border and is headquartered at Jaipur, Rajasthan.

Lieutenant General Manjinder Singh is the current GOCinC, SWC who took over on 1 July 2024.
Ng Boon Bee
Dato' Ng Boon Bee DPTJ AMN (Chinese: 伍文美; pinyin: Wǔ Wénměi; 17 December 1937 – 3 August 2022) was a Malaysian badminton player who excelled from the 1960s through the early 1970s. His success in doubles earned him recognition as one of greatest doubles players in badminton history.

Order of the Defender of the Realm
The Most Esteemed Order of the Defender of the Realm (Malay: Darjah Yang Mulia Pangkuan Negara) is a Malaysian federal award presented for meritorious service to the country.  The Order Motto are 'Dipeliharakan Allah-Pangkuan Negara' (lit. 'By the Grace of God-Defender of the Realm').

The order was instituted on 6 August 1958 and initially had the five highest ranks. The medal was added on 19 August 1960.
Stratford Hall (school)
Stratford Hall is an independent, coeducational school located on the east side of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It opened on September 5, 2000. The school teaches the International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme, the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme, and various other Diploma Programmes. Successful graduates obtain an International Baccalaureate (IB) degree that is recognized by many other universities around the world.

Stratford Hall is a private school located on Commercial Drive, with a separate building for each program, red for the Primary Years Programme, blue for the Middle Years Programme, and yellow for the Diploma Programme, with each building’s characteristics designed for the students that use them.

IB Middle Years Programme
The International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme (MYP) is an educational programme for students between the ages of 11 and 16 around the world as part of the International Baccalaureate (IB) continuum. The Middle Years Programme is intended to prepare students for the three-year IB Diploma Programme and IB Career-related Programmes.

It is used by many schools internationally, and has been available since 1994. It was updated in 2014 and called MYP: New Chapter.

In the Middle Years Programme students are required to receive instruction in all eight subject groups: Language Acquisition, Language and Literature, Individuals and Societies, Sciences, Mathematics, Arts, Physical and Health Education, and Design.
Ji Di
Ji Di (simplified Chinese: 极地; traditional Chinese: 極地; lit. 'Polar') is a Chinese icebreaking research vessel built in 2024 for the State Oceanic Administration North Sea Branch.

Concurrently with Ji Di, Guangzhou Shipyard International built a slightly bigger Polar Class 4 research vessel, Tan Suo San Hao, which was delivered in December 2024.

Polar Class
Polar Class (PC) refers to the ice class assigned to a ship by a classification society based on the Unified Requirements for Polar Class Ships developed by the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS). Seven Polar Classes are defined in the rules, ranging from PC 1 for year-round operation in all polar waters to PC 7 for summer and autumn operation in thin first-year ice.

The IACS Polar Class rules should not be confused with International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters (Polar Code) by the International Maritime Organization (IMO).
Marnick Vermijl
Marnick Danny Ingrid Vermijl (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmɑrnɪk fərˈmɛil]; born 13 January 1992) is a Belgian footballer who plays as a right-back for Bocholt VV.

Born in Peer, he began his career with nearby Bocholter VV, and joined the academy of Standard Liège in 2008 before being signed by English club Manchester United in 2010. He was unable to break into the Manchester United first-team and spent the 2013–14 season on loan to Dutch club NEC before moving to Sheffield Wednesday on a permanent deal in January 2015. Vermijl is also a Belgium youth international, having played at the under-17, under-18, under-19 and under-21 levels.

Belgium national under-18 football team
The Belgium national under-18 football team is a feeder team for the main Belgium national football team.

The team plays an annual friendly tournament. In addition, it only plays practice matches. The team mainly intends to prepare players from Belgium Under 17 for Belgium Under 19.

From 1948 to 2001, an annual European Under-18 Championship was played. In 1977, Belgium won the tournament. In 2002, the tournament was transformed into a European Under-19 football championship.
Great Entertainment Television
Great Entertainment Television (stylized as get. from 2023 to 2026, and formerly stylized as getTV) is an American digital multicast television network owned by the network television division of Sony Pictures Television. Originally known as GetTV from 2014 until its rebranding in 2023, the network was initially formatted as a movie-oriented service, and over time transitioned into a general entertainment network featuring primarily classic television shows from the 1960s through the 2000s.

The network is available in many media markets via the digital subchannels of broadcast television stations and on the digital tiers of select cable providers through a local affiliate of the network. It is also carried by several streaming services such as Frndly TV, Philo and Amazon Freevee, and broadcasts in 480i standard definition.

Digital subchannel
In broadcasting, digital subchannels are a method of transmitting more than one independent program stream simultaneously from the same digital radio or television station on the same radio frequency channel. This is done by using data compression techniques to reduce the size of each individual program stream, and multiplexing to combine them into a single signal. The practice is sometimes called "multicasting".
Dan Montsitsi
Sediane Danny "Sechaba" Montsitsi (24 May 1952 – 13 June 2021) was a South African politician and former anti-apartheid activist. One of the leaders of the 1976 Soweto uprising, he later represented the African National Congress in Parliament from 1994 to 2014.

Born in Alexandra, Montsitsi entered student politics during apartheid through the South African Students Movement in Soweto. He was the president of the Soweto Students' Representative Council from January 1977 until June 1977, when he was arrested and detained for his role in the uprising and subsequent unrest. In what became known as the Soweto 11 trial, Montsitsi and his deputy, Murphy Morobe, were convicted with nine others on sedition charges. After four years' imprisonment on Robben Island from 1979 to 1983, he became a youth leader in the United Democratic Front of the Transvaal. He served in the post-apartheid National Assembly from 1994 to 2009 and then in the National Council of Provinces from 2009 to 2014.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Lisa Robertson (footballer)
Lisa Robertson (born 16 May 1992) is a Scottish footballer. She currently plays as a midfielder for Heart of Midlothian in the Scottish Women's Premier League.

She has previously played for Hibernian, Spokane Shine, Glasgow City, Durham and Celtic, as well as Birmingham City on loan.

Hibernian W.F.C.
Hibernian Football Club Women is a women's football team based in Edinburgh that plays in the Scottish Women's Premier League, the top division of football in Scotland. They were officially integrated as a department of Hibernian F.C. in 2022, having previously been linked less formally via their community foundation, using the club's training facilities and colours.

Hibs Women have won the Scottish Women's Premier League Cup a competition-record seven times, as well as lifting the Scottish Women's Cup eight times. The club has competed in the UEFA Women's Cup and UEFA Women's Champions League.

The club are current holders of the Scottish Women's Premier League following their 2024–25 season success.
Bok Tuklo County, Choctaw Nation
Bok Tuklo County was a political subdivision of the Choctaw Nation of Indian Territory, prior to Oklahoma being admitted as a state.  The county formed part of the Nation’s Apukshunnubbee District, or Second District, one of three administrative super-regions. The subdivision was located within the current McCurtain County.

McCurtain County, Oklahoma
McCurtain County is a county in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, its population was 30,814. Its county seat is Idabel. It was formed at statehood from part of the earlier Choctaw Nation in Indian Territory. The name honors an influential Choctaw family who lived in the area. Jackson McCurtain and Edmund McCurtain served in the Confederate Army before their terms as chief, while Green McCurtain was the last chief when Oklahoma became a state in 1907.
German trawler V 420 Alcyon
Alcyon was a French fishing trawler that was seized in World War II by the Kriegsmarine for use as a harbour defence boat and later a vorpostenboot, serving as Boot 10 Alcyon and V 420 Alcyon. She was bombed and sunk in the Gironde on 3 August 1943.

Vorpostenboot
Vorpostenboot (plural Vorpostenboote), also referred to as VP-Boats, flakships or outpost boats, were German patrol boats which served during both World Wars. They were used around coastal areas and in coastal operations, and were tasked with – among other things – coastal patrol, ship escort, and naval combat.
Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2
Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 (French: Nu descendant un escalier n° 2) is a 1912 painting by Marcel Duchamp. The work is widely regarded as a Modernist classic and has become one of the most famous of its time. Before its first presentation at the 1912 Salon des Indépendants in Paris it was rejected by the Cubists as being too Futurist. It was then exhibited with the Cubists at Galeries Dalmau's Exposició d'Art Cubista, in Barcelona, 20 April – 10 May 1912. The painting was subsequently shown, and ridiculed, at the 1913 Armory Show in New York City.

Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 was reproduced by Guillaume Apollinaire in his 1913 book, Les Peintres Cubistes, Méditations Esthétiques. It is now in the Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection of the Philadelphia Museum of Art.

Walter Conrad Arensberg
Walter Conrad Arensberg (April 4, 1878 – January 29, 1954) was an American art collector, critic and poet. His father was part owner and president of a crucible steel company. He majored in English and philosophy at Harvard University. With his wife Louise (born as Mary Louise Stevens; 1879–1953), he collected art and supported artistic endeavors.
Rau peoples
The Rau people (Zhuang: Bouxraeuz), also known as Lao (Chinese: 僚人; pinyin: Lǎorén; Lao: ລາວ), were an ethnic group of ancient China. Their descendants are the Zhuang, Buyei, Tày–Nùng and other Kra–Dai-speaking peoples.

Bouyei people
The Bouyei (also spelled Puyi, Buyei and Buyi; Bouyei: Buxqyaix, [puʔjai] or "Puzhong", "Burao", "Puman"; Chinese: 布依族; pinyin: Bùyīzú; Vietnamese: người Bố Y) are a Tai-speaking ethnic group who mostly live in the province of Guizhou  in Southern China. Numbering 3.5 million, they are the 10th largest of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. Some 3,000 Bouyei also live in Northern Vietnam, where they are one of that nation's 54 officially recognized ethnic groups.
Robin Otani
Robin Otani (born 3 January 1944) is a British judo teacher and president of the British Judo Council. He is also the brother of kendo master Tomio Otani and the son of judo master Masutaro Otani. Robin learnt judo under his father and judo master Kenshiro Abbe.

Kenshiro Abbe
Kenshiro Abbe (阿部 謙四郎, Abe Kenshirō; 15 December 1915 – 1 December 1985) was a Japanese master of judo, aikido, and kendo. He introduced aikido to the United Kingdom in 1955, and founded the Kyushindo system. Abbe was a graduate of the Budo Senmon Gakko, having studied judo and kendo there. Following an early career in the martial arts, he served in the Imperial Japanese Army before and during World War II. He then trained in aikido under its founder, Morihei Ueshiba, for a decade. Abbe held dan ranks in several martial arts, most notably 8th dan in judo, 6th dan in aikido, and 6th dan in kendo. After introducing aikido to the UK, he established several Japanese martial arts councils there during the late 1950s. He returned to Japan in 1964 and remained there for most of the remainder of his life. There are contradictory accounts of Abbe's final years, but it appears that he was in poor spirits and poor health towards the end.
Trencherfield Mill
Trencherfield Mill is a cotton spinning mill standing next to the Leeds and Liverpool Canal in Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. It was built in 1907. It was taken over by the Lancashire Cotton Corporation in the 1930s and passed to Courtaulds in 1964. The mill was driven by a 2,500 hp triple-expansion four-cylinder engine built by J & E Wood of Bolton in 1907. The two halves of the engine were called Rina and Helen. They drove a 26-foot flywheel with 54 ropes at 68 rpm. The engine was stopped in 1968.
The mill is now part of the Wigan Pier redevelopment area and is used for other purposes.

Lancashire Cotton Corporation
The Lancashire Cotton Corporation was a company set up by the Bank of England in 1929, to rescue the Lancashire spinning industry by means of horizontal rationalisation. In merged 105 companies, ending up in 1950 with 53 operating mills. It was bought up by Courtaulds in August 1964.
Leighton, Alabama
Leighton is a town in Colbert County, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Florence - Muscle Shoals Metropolitan Statistical Area known as "The Shoals". At the 2020 census, the population was 665. Leighton has been hit by several tornadoes in the 2000s, including a damaging EF2 on May 8, 2008, that was caught on tape flipping over many cars and damaging buildings.

Muscle Shoals, Alabama
Muscle Shoals is the largest city in Colbert County, Alabama, United States. It is located on the left bank of the Tennessee River in the northern part of the state and, as of the 2020 census, Muscle Shoals had a population of 16,275. The estimated population in 2019 was 14,575.

Both the city and the Florence-Muscle Shoals Metropolitan Area (including four cities in Colbert and Lauderdale counties) are commonly called "The Shoals". Northwest Alabama Regional Airport serves the Shoals region, located in the northwest section of the state in Muscle Shoals.
Fons van der Stee
Alphonsus Petrus Johannes Mathildus Maria "Fons" van der Stee (30 July 1928 – 9 September 1999) was a Dutch politician of the defunct Catholic People's Party (KVP) and later the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and economist.

Catholic People's Party
The Catholic People's Party (Dutch: Katholieke Volkspartij, KVP) was a Catholic Christian democratic political party in the Netherlands. The party was founded in 1945 as a continuation of the interwar Roman Catholic State Party, which was in turn a successor of the General League of Roman Catholic Electoral Associations. The party was in government throughout its existence. In 1977, a federation of parties including the Catholic People's Party, the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and the Christian Historical Union (CHU) ran together under the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) banner. The three participating parties formally dissolved to form the CDA in 1980.
Patrick Richard
Patrick Neal Richard II (born January 25, 1990) is an American-born naturalised Romanian professional basketball player for U-BT Cluj-Napoca of the Romanian Liga Națională. He played collegiately with the McNeese State Cowboys for four seasons before playing professionally in Australia, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Israel, Spain and New Zealand.

Liga Națională (men's basketball)
The Liga Națională de Baschet Masculin (LNBM) (English: National League) is the top-tier professional basketball league of Romania. The winner of the league each season is crowned the Romanian national champion. Founded in 1950, the league consists of 24 teams playing in three different divisions.  Currently, the clubs from the Liga Națională also participate in the European competitions, and can qualify for the Basketball Champions League or the FIBA Europe Cup based on their performance in the national league and cup competition. The most successful club in the league's history is Dinamo București, who has won a record 22 titles. Asesoft Ploieşti won the championship seven times in a row between 2004 and 2010, and again between 2012 and 2014. They became the only Romanian team to win a European title with their success in the FIBA EuroCup Challenge in 2005.
Wedell-Williams Model 44
The Wedell-Williams Model 44 is a racing aircraft, four examples of which were built in the United States in the early 1930s by the Wedell-Williams Air Service Corporation. It began as a rebuilding of the partnership's successful We-Will 1929 racer, but soon turned into a completely new racing monoplane aircraft, powered by a large radial engine. Model 44s became the dominant racers of the 1930s, setting innumerable records including setting a new world speed record in 1933.

The only surviving Model 44 is on display at the Crawford Auto-Aviation Museum, Cleveland, Ohio. Three replica Model 44s are on display at the Wedell-Williams Aviation & Cypress Sawmill Museum, Patterson, Louisiana.

Wedell-Williams Aviation & Cypress Sawmill Museum
The Wedell-Williams Aviation & Cypress Sawmill Museum – Patterson is a branch of the Louisiana State Museum located at 118 Cotten Road, Patterson, Louisiana, United States.  It covers the aviation and industrial history of Louisiana
11-Deoxycorticosterone
11-Deoxycorticosterone (DOC), or simply deoxycorticosterone, also known as 21-hydroxyprogesterone, as well as desoxycortone (INN), deoxycortone, and cortexone, is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone. It is an active (Na+-retaining) mineralocorticoid. As its names indicate, 11-deoxycorticosterone can be understood as the 21-hydroxy-variant of progesterone or as the 11-deoxy-variant of corticosterone.

DOCA is the abbreviation for the ester 11-deoxycorticosterone acetate.

Mineralocorticoid
Mineralocorticoids are a class of corticosteroids, which in turn are a class of steroid hormones. Mineralocorticoids are produced in the adrenal cortex and influence salt and water balances (electrolyte balance and fluid balance). The primary mineralocorticoid is aldosterone.
Marc Catlin
Marc Catlin is an American politician and a Republican member of the Colorado Senate from Montrose, Colorado. He represents Colorado's 5th Senate district which includes all or part of Delta, Eagle, Garfield, Gunnison, Hinsdale, Montrose, and Pitkin counties in western Colorado. Previously, Catlin represented Colorado House of Representatives District 58, which includes all or part of the western Colorado counties of Delta, Dolores, Gunnison, Hinsdale, Montezuma, Montrose, Ouray, and San Miguel.

Montrose County, Colorado
Montrose County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 42,679. The county seat is Montrose, for which the county is named.

Montrose County comprises the Montrose, CO, Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Karen Baptist Theological Seminary
The Karen Baptist Theological Seminary (S'gaw Karen: ပှၤကညီဘျၢထံယွၤဂ့ၢ်ပီညါဖၠၣ်စိမိၤ) is a Baptist theological institute in Seminary Hill, Insein, Yangon, Myanmar. It is affiliated with the Karen Baptist Convention.

S'gaw Karen language
S'gaw Karen or S'gaw K'nyaw, commonly known simply as Karen, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the S'gaw Karen people of Myanmar and Thailand. A Karenic branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family, S'gaw Karen is spoken by over 2 million people in Tanintharyi Region, Ayeyarwady Region, Yangon Region, and Bago Region in Myanmar, and about 200,000 in northern and western Thailand along the border near Kayin State. It is written using the S'gaw Karen alphabet, derived from the Burmese script, although a Latin-based script is also in use among the S'gaw Karen in northwestern Thailand. Additionally, the Kwekor script is used in Hlaingbwe Township.

Various divergent dialects are sometimes seen as separate languages: Paku in the northeast, Mopwa (Mobwa) in the northwest, Wewew, and Monnepwa.