hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amal Amélia Lakrafi
Amal Amélia Lakrafi is a French politician of the Renaissance party who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly since the 2017 elections, representing the 10th district of French people living abroad, which includes Africa and the Middle East.

Tenth French legislative constituency for citizens abroad
The Tenth French legislative constituency for citizens abroad (dixième circonscription des Français établis hors de France) is one of eleven constituencies each electing one representative of French people living outside France to the French National Assembly.
SV Merlin
The Merlin is a 68 foot long by 12 foot wide monohull (ULDB) racing yacht designed by Bill Lee. Weighing 25,000 pounds, it is considered one of the most famous racing yachts in the United States, and has won numerous offshore yacht races including the Transpac (Transpacific Yacht Race) in 1977, establishing a course record that stood for 20 years.   The victory became the subject of a feature article in Sports Illustrated, further enhancing its prestige. In 2017, Merlin was purchased by Chip  Merlin.

Transpacific Yacht Race
The Transpacific Yacht Race (Transpac) is a biennial offshore yacht race held in odd-numbered years starting off the Pt. Fermin buoy in San Pedro, California and ending off Diamond Head in Hawaii, a distance of around 2,225 nautical miles (2,560 mi; 4,121 km). In even-numbered years the Pacific Cup race starts out of San Francisco and is run by the Pacific Cup Yacht Club. Started in 1906 by Clarence W. Macfarlane and hosted by the Los Angeles Yacht Club, it is one of yachting's premier offshore races and attracts entrants from all over the world. The race is organized by the Transpacific Yacht Club.

The race is famous for fast downwind sailing under spinnaker in the trade winds.
Xiamen University Malaysia
Xiamen University Malaysia (abbreviated as XMUM) is an international branch campus of Xiamen University located in Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia. It is the first overseas campus set up by a Chinese public university, as well as the first Chinese university branch campus in Malaysia.

Xiamen University is a national public university located in Xiamen, Fujian, China. It is affiliated with and funded by the Ministry of Education of China. The university is part of Project 985, Project 211, and the Double First-Class Construction. Xiamen University accepted the invitation and offer from the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia, and established its Malaysia Campus in 2016.

XMUM is accredited by the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia and the Ministry of Education of China. XMUM ranked 1st in Malaysia for Nature Index Institution Research Output in 2025.

Project 211
Project 211 (Chinese: 211工程) was a higher education development and sponsorship scheme of the government of China for "preparing approximately 100 universities for the 21st century", initiated in November 1995. There were 115 universities and colleges selected to be part of this program.

Project 211 and Project 985 were both initiated by the Jiang Zemin administration in 1990s as part of the "revitalize the country through science and education" strategy. They were nullified and replaced by the Double First-Class Construction in 2015, under the Xi Jinping administration.
Tony Elumelu
Anthony Onyemaechi Elumelu Listenⓘ CFR (born 22 March 1963) is a Nigerian economist, banker and philanthropist. He chairs Heirs Holdings, Transcorp, and United Bank for Africa, and is the founder of The Tony Elumelu Foundation.

In 2020, Elumelu was included in Time's list of the 100 most influential people in the world.

Order of the Federal Republic
The Member of the Order of the Federal Republic (MFR) is one of two orders of merit, established by the Federal Republic of Nigeria in 1963. It is senior to the Order of the Niger.

The highest honours are the Grand Commander in the Order of the Federal Republic and Grand Commander in the Order of the Niger and they are awarded to the President and vice-president respectively. The Presiding Judge in the Supreme Court and the Chairman of the Senate are former officials Grand Commanders in the Order of the Niger.

The Nigerians have followed the British example in the form and structure of the Order. There are also post-nominal letters for the members of the Order of the Niger.

There is a Civil Division and a Military Division. The ribbon of the latter division has a small red line in the middle.
Proposed locations for Atlantis
There exist a variety of speculative proposals that real-world events could have inspired Plato's fictional story of Atlantis, told in the Timaeus and Critias. While Plato's story was not part of the Greek mythic tradition and his dialogues use it solely as an allegory about hubris, speculation about real natural disasters that could have served as inspiration have been published in popular accounts and in a few academic contexts. Additionally, many works of pseudohistory and pseudoarchaeology treat the story as fact, offering reinterpretations that tie to national mysticism or legends of ancient aliens. While Plato's story explicitly locates Atlantis in the Atlantic Ocean beyond the Pillars of Hercules, other proposed locations for Atlantis include Helike, Thera, Troy, and the North Pole.

Pillars of Hercules
The Pillars of Hercules are the promontories that flank the entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar. The northern Pillar, Calpe Mons, is the Rock of Gibraltar. A corresponding North African peak not being predominant, the identity of the southern Pillar, Abila Mons, has been disputed throughout history, with the two most likely candidates being Monte Hacho in Ceuta and Jebel Musa in Morocco.  The term was applied in antiquity: Pliny the Elder included the Pillars of Hercules in his Naturalis historia (Book III:3).
St Joseph's College, Melbourne
St Joseph's College Melbourne was a Roman Catholic secondary college which opened early in 1903 and closed at the end of 2010. It was part of the Association of Edmund Rice schools, founded and run in the tradition of the Christian Brothers. Between the years 2000 and 2009 it formally operated two campuses, a senior campus (VCE and VET) located in Queensberry Street, North Melbourne, Victoria and a junior campus (Years 7–10), in Brearley Parade, Pascoe Vale, Victoria. These two campuses were previously known as St. Joseph's College, North Melbourne and St. Joseph's College, Pascoe Vale respectively.

Congregation of Christian Brothers
The Congregation of Christian Brothers (Latin: Congregatio Fratrum Christianorum; abbreviated CFC) is a worldwide religious community within the Catholic Church, founded by Edmund Rice.

Their first school opened in Waterford, Ireland, in 1802. At the time of its foundation, though much relieved from the harshest of the Penal Laws by the Relief Acts, Catholics faced much discrimination throughout the newly created United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland pending full Catholic emancipation in 1829.

This congregation is sometimes referred to as simply "the Christian Brothers", leading to confusion with the De La Salle Brothers—also known as the Christian Brothers, sometimes by Lasallian organisations themselves. As such, Rice's congregation is sometimes called the Irish Christian Brothers or the Edmund Rice Christian Brothers.
Zahida Zaidi
Zahida Zaidi (4 January 1930 – 11 January 2011) was an Indian scholar, professor of English literature, poet, dramatist, playwright, and literary critic. Her literary contributions include more than 30 books in Urdu and English related to social, psychological, and philosophical aspects, and the translation of the literary works of Chekhov, Pirandello, Beckett, Sartre, and Ionesco. She produced and directed several plays of Indian and Western authors in Urdu and English. She received the Hum Sab Ghalib Award for Urdu drama awarded  by the Ghalib Institute, Delhi, and the Kul Hind Bahadur Shah Zafar Award.

Luigi Pirandello
Luigi Pirandello (/pɪrənˈdɛloʊ/; Italian: [luˈiːdʒi piranˈdɛllo]; 28 June 1867 – 10 December 1936) was an Italian dramatist, novelist, poet, and short story writer whose greatest contributions were his plays. He was awarded the 1934 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his bold and ingenious revival of dramatic and scenic art". Pirandello's works include novels, hundreds of short stories, and about 40 plays, some of which are written in Sicilian. Pirandello's tragic farces are often seen as forerunners of the Theatre of the Absurd.
Candle salad
Candle salad, or candlestick salad, is a fruit salad that was popular in the United States from the 1920s through the 1950s, assembled to resemble a lit candle. The salad typically includes a base of lettuce and pineapple supporting an upright, cut banana, with an almond or a maraschino cherry fixed on top to resemble a flame.

Early publications of candle salad recipes appeared in the 1910s, and by the 1920s it was popularly served at holidays and among women, away from men prone to make jokes about its appearance. During the 1950s, the candle salad was associated with children, and recipes were published in cookbooks written for a young audience. By the middle of the decade, segments of the population were beginning to view candle salads as old-fashioned, and over the next few years they fell from popularity. In the 21st century, its appearance is most often understood as phallic and is most often invoked as a punchline.

Maraschino cherry
A maraschino cherry (/ˌmærəˈskiːnoʊ, -ˈʃiː-/ MARR-ə-SKEE-noh, -⁠SHEE-) is a preserved, sweetened cherry, typically made from light-colored sweet cherries, such as the Royal Ann, Rainier, or Gold varieties. In their modern form, the cherries are first preserved in a brine solution usually containing sulfur dioxide and calcium chloride to bleach the fruit, then soaked in a suspension of food coloring (common red food dye is Allura Red AC), sugar syrup, and other components.
Tripolitanian civil war
The Tripolitanian civil war was a conflict from 1790 to 1795 which occurred in Tripolitania – inside what is today the country of Libya. It involved a war of succession between leading members of the Karamanli dynasty, an intervention by Ottoman officer Ali Burghul who claimed to be acting on the sultan's orders and controlled Tripoli for 17 months, and an intervention by the bey of Tunis Hammuda ibn Ali to restore the Karamanlis to power.

Karamanli dynasty
The Karamanli dynasty (also spelled Caramanli or Qaramanli) was an autonomous dynasty that ruled Ottoman Tripolitania from 1711 to 1835. Their territory comprised Tripoli and its surroundings in present-day Libya. At its peak, the Karamanli dynasty's influence reached Cyrenaica and Fezzan, covering most of Libya. The founder of the dynasty was Ahmed Karamanli, a descendant of the medieval Karamanids. The most well-known Karamanli ruler was Yusuf ibn Ali Karamanli who reigned from 1795 to 1832, who fought a war with the United States between 1801 and 1805. Ali II was the last of the dynasty.
Herbert A. Meyer
Herbert Alton Meyer (August 30, 1886 – October 2, 1950) was a U.S. representative from Kansas.

Born in Chillicothe, Ohio, Meyer attended the grade schools, Washington, D.C., the Staunton Military Academy, Staunton, Virginia from 1900 to 1904, the George Washington University, Washington, D.C. from 1905 to 1908, and was graduated from National University Law School, Washington, D.C., in 1910. He was admitted to the bar in 1910.

During the First World War served as a captain in the United States Army Air Service. He served as assistant to the Secretary of the Interior 1915-1917. He was an executive of an oil marketing company from 1919 to 1937. In 1940, Meyer became publisher of the Independence Daily Reporter.

Independence, Kansas
Independence is a city in and the county seat of Montgomery County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 8,548.  It was named in commemoration of the Declaration of Independence. Independence Community College is located here.
Sylwia Pycia
Sylwia Pycia (born 20 April 1981) is a Polish volleyball player, a member of Poland women's national volleyball team, European Champion 2005, silver medalist of European Games 2015, Polish Champion (2008, 2009).

Poland women's national volleyball team
The Poland women's national volleyball team (Polish: Reprezentacja Polski w piłce siatkowej kobiet) represents Poland in international volleyball competition. The team is controlled by the Polish Volleyball Federation (Polski Związek Piłki Siatkowej, PZPS), the governing body for volleyball in Poland, which represents the country in international competitions and friendly matches.

Poland's greatest achievements to date have been winning bronze medals at the 1964 and the 1968 Summer Olympics, silver medal at the 1952 World Championship as well as gold medals at the 2003 and the 2005 European Championship.

The Polish national team is ranked 4th in the FIVB world ranking as of as of 10 September 2025.
Muhammad Hafeez Qureshi
Muhammad Hafeez Qureshi (Urdu: محمد حفيظ قريشى) (31 October 1930 – 11 August 2007), NI, SI, HI, known as Hafeez Qureshi, was a Pakistani nuclear scientist and a mechanical engineer, known for his role as a diagnostics engineer for his nation's nuclear capability.

His career was spent working at the Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science & Technology as overseeing the diagnostics on the subcritical experiments on the nuclear weapons where he gained expertise on engineering applications of nuclear physics.

Subcritical reactor
A subcritical reactor is a nuclear fission reactor concept that produces fission without achieving criticality. Instead of sustaining a chain reaction, a subcritical reactor uses additional neutrons from an outside source. There are two general classes of such devices. One uses neutrons provided by a nuclear fusion machine, a concept known as a fusion–fission hybrid. The other uses neutrons created through spallation of heavy nuclei by charged particles such as protons accelerated by a particle accelerator, a concept known as an accelerator-driven system (ADS) or accelerator-driven sub-critical reactor.
Timipre Sylva
Timipre Marlin Sylva CON (born 7 July 1964) is a Nigerian politician who served as the minister of state for Petroleum Resources of Nigeria from 2019 to 2023. He previously served as governor of Bayelsa State from 2007 to 2012.

Order of the Niger
The Order of the Niger (OON) is the second highest national award in Nigeria. It was instituted in 1963 and is junior to the Order of the Federal Republic (OFR), the highest order of merit in the country.
Rairangpur
Rairangpur (Odia pronunciationⓘ ରାଇରଙ୍ଗପୁର) is a city and tehsil in the Mayurbhanj district situated on the banks of the river Khadkhai in the state of Odisha, India. It is located 82 kilometres from the district headquarters of Baripada, and about 73 kilometres from Jamshedpur. Rairangpur is the second largest city in the Mayurbhanj district as well as a notable mining area of Odisha, producing iron-ore from the Gorumahisani, Badampahar, and Suleipat mines. The Kharkhai (Suleipat) Dam and the Simlipal Tiger Reserve are among the nearby local attractions.

Simlipal National Park
Simlipal National Park (ISO: Śimiḷipāḷa Jātīya Udyāna) is a national park and tiger reserve in the Mayurbhanj district in the Indian state of Odisha covering 2,750 km2 (1,060 sq mi). It is part of the Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve, which includes three protected areas, Simlipal Tiger Reserve, Hadgarh Wildlife Sanctuary with 191.06 km2 (73.77 sq mi) and Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary with 272.75 km2 (105.31 sq mi). Simlipal National Park derives its name from the abundance of red silk cotton trees growing in the area.

The park is home to Bengal tiger, Asian elephant, gaur, and chausingha. Its tiger population has a notably high occurrence of pseudo-melanism as a result of inbreeding, making it the subject of genetic study and conservation efforts.

This protected area is part of the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves since 2009.
Bakshi Tirath Ram Vaid
Sardar Bahadur Risaldar Major and Honorary Captain Bakshi Tirath Ram Vaid, OBI, IOM (1857–1924), also known as Tirath Ram, was a decorated soldier of the British Indian Army.

Vaid enlisted in the ranks of the Queen's Own Corps of Guides on 1 May 1876.

As a ressaidar with the Queen's Own Corps of Guides cavalry, Vaid was awarded the Indian Order of Merit, Third Class for gallantry displayed at the Siege of Malakand in 1897, where he fought against a much larger force of Afghan tribesmen. He was also rewarded with large tracts of agricultural land in District Lyallpur for his contributions.

Vaid was decorated with the Order of British India, Second Class, with the title of Bahadur on 24 September 1904. He retired from the Indian Army and was appointed honorary captain on 1 February 1909.

Indian Order of Merit
The Indian Order of Merit (IOM) was a military and civilian decoration of British India. It was established in 1837, (General Order of the Governor-General of India, No. 94 of 1 May 1837) although following the Partition of India in 1947 it was decided to discontinue the award and in 1954 a separate Indian honours system was developed, to act retrospectively to 1947. For a long period of time the IOM was the highest decoration that a native member of the British Indian Army could receive and initially it had three divisions. This was changed in 1911 when Indian servicemen became eligible for the Victoria Cross. A civilian division of the IOM also existed between 1902 and 1939, however, it was only conferred very rarely.
Ezekiel Omullo
Ezekiel Kemboi Omullo (born 10 December 1987) is a Kenyan marathon runner and a poultry farmer. He won the 2016 Warsaw Marathon. After a period away from elite competition to focus on his poultry farming business during the COVID-19 pandemic, Omullo made his return to win the 2022 Standard Chartered Singapore Marathon and setting his personal best of 2:08:26 at the 2023 Gold Coast Marathon.

Poultry farming
Poultry farming is the form of animal husbandry which raises domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese to produce meat or eggs for food. Poultry – mostly chickens – are farmed in great numbers.  More than 60 billion chickens are killed for consumption annually. Chickens raised for eggs are known as layers, while chickens raised for meat are called broilers.

In the United States, the national organization overseeing poultry production is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In the UK, the national organization is the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA).
2025 Pacific Northwest floods
Beginning on December 8, 2025, a series of severe floods impacted rivers and lowlands in the Pacific Northwest, particularly Western Washington in the United States and the Fraser Valley in British Columbia, Canada. The floods were triggered by an atmospheric river that was among the strongest and longest-lasting in the history of the Puget Sound region. Up to 10 inches (25 cm) of rain is expected to fall in the Cascade Range due to the storm system and a total of 5 trillion gallons (19 trillion litres) within a week-long period.

A state of emergency was declared by Washington governor Bob Ferguson on December 10 along with an order to deploy the Washington National Guard and the Washington State Guard to prepare for disaster response. An estimated 100,000 people in Washington are within areas with evacuation orders due to the expected impact of the floods. A local state of emergency was declared in several areas of British Columbia near the Fraser River.

Atmospheric river
An atmospheric river (AR) is a narrow corridor or filament of concentrated moisture in the atmosphere. Other names for this phenomenon are tropical plume, tropical connection, moisture plume, water vapor surge, and cloud band.

Atmospheric rivers consist of narrow bands of enhanced water vapor transport, typically along the boundaries between large areas of divergent surface air flow, including some frontal zones in association with extratropical cyclones that form over the oceans. Pineapple Express storms are the most commonly represented and recognized type of atmospheric rivers; the name is due to the warm water vapor plumes originating over the Hawaiian tropics that follow various paths towards western North America, arriving at latitudes from California and the Pacific Northwest to British Columbia and even southeast Alaska.
Image impedance
Image impedance is a concept used in electronic network design and analysis and most especially in filter design. The term image impedance applies to the impedance seen looking into a port of a network. Usually a two-port network is implied but the concept can be extended to networks with more than two ports. The definition of image impedance for a two-port network is the impedance, Zi 1, seen looking into port 1 when port 2 is terminated with the image impedance, Zi 2, for port 2. In general, the image impedances of ports 1 and 2 will not be equal unless the network is symmetrical (or anti-symmetrical) with respect to the ports.

Parts of this article or section rely on the reader's knowledge of the complex impedance representation of capacitors and inductors and on knowledge of the frequency domain representation of signals.

Two-port network
In electronics, a two-port network (a kind of four-terminal network or quadripole) is an electrical network (i.e. a circuit) or device with two pairs of terminals to connect to external circuits. Two terminals constitute a port if the currents applied to them satisfy the essential requirement known as the port condition: the current entering one terminal must equal the current emerging from the other terminal on the same port.  The ports constitute interfaces where the network connects to other networks, the points where signals are applied or outputs are taken.  In a two-port network, often port 1 is considered the input port and port 2 is considered the output port.

It is commonly used in mathematical circuit analysis.
Klee (surname)
Klee (Yiddish: קליי) is a German and Ashkenazi Jewish surname. Variations include Kleefeld, Kleeblatt, Kleegman, Kleiman, Kleeman and Kleeberg. In German, it means "clover" and is possibly a toponymic surname like Feldman.

According to researchers at ANU – Museum of the Jewish People, the name Klee originates from the Greek Kalonymos (Hebrew: קלונימוס), a translation of the Hebrew "shem tov" (שם טוב‎) meaning "good name". Klee is documented as a Jewish surname in Alsace in France since the 18th century, along with similar names such as Kleemann.

In France, the name is associated with the Alsatian commune of Katzenthal, near Colmar.

Norman Kleeblatt
Norman L. Kleeblatt is a curator, critic, and consultant based in New York City. A long-term curator at the Jewish Museum in New York, he served as the Susan and Elihu Rose Chief Curator from 2005 to 2017.

Kleeblatt has published in Art in America, Artforum, ARTnews, Art Journal, and The Brooklyn Rail. He has received fellowships and research grants from the Getty Research Institute, the Katz Center for Advanced Judaic Studies, the National Endowment for the Arts, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Rockefeller Foundation.

Kleeblatt serves as Secretary of the Board of the Vera List Center for Art and Politics of the New School and is President of the U.S. chapter of the International Association of Art Critics (AICA-USA).