hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bob Boldon
Robert John Boldon (born May 1, 1975) is an American women's basketball coach and former basketball player. He is the current head women's basketball coach at Ohio University.  He previously held the same position at Youngstown State University, Lambuth, and Arkansas-Monticello.

University of Arkansas at Monticello
The University of Arkansas at Monticello (UAM) is a public university in Monticello, Arkansas, United States, with Colleges of Technology in Crossett and McGehee. UAM is part of the University of Arkansas System and offers master's degrees, baccalaureate degrees, and associate degrees. The city is in the Arkansas Timberlands, and UAM is home to the state's only School of Forest Resources.

The university is governed by the University of Arkansas Board of Trustees, which also oversees the operation of universities and other post-secondary educational institutions in Batesville, DeQueen, Fayetteville, Fort Smith, Helena, Hope, Little Rock, Morrilton, and Pine Bluff, Arkansas.

UAM offers in-state tuition rates not only to Arkansas residents but also to regional residents of Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and Tennessee.
Eggshell skull
The eggshell skull rule (also thin skull rule, papier-mâché-plaintiff rule, or talem qualem rule) is a well-established legal doctrine in common law, used in some tort law systems, with a similar doctrine applicable to criminal law.  The rule states that, in a tort case, the unexpected frailty of the injured person is not a valid defense to the seriousness of any injury caused to them.

Negligence
Negligence (Latin: negligentia) is a failure to exercise appropriate care expected to be exercised in similar circumstances.

Within the scope of tort law, negligence pertains to harm caused by the violation of a duty of care through a negligent act or failure to act. The concept of negligence is linked to the obligation of individuals to exercise reasonable care in their actions and to consider foreseeable harm that their conduct might cause to other people or property. The elements of a negligence claim include the duty to act or refrain from action, breach of that duty, actual and proximate cause of harm, and damages. Someone who suffers loss caused by another's negligence may be able to sue for damages to compensate for their harm. Such loss may include physical injury, harm to property, psychiatric illness, or economic loss.
Fares Souaid
Dr. Fares Antoun Souaid (Arabic: فارس أنطون سعيد, born 1958, Qartaba) is a Lebanese Maronite politician, former MP and Secretariat General Coordinator of the March 14 Alliance, the movement behind the ending of the Syrian occupation of Lebanon in 2005.

Syrian occupation of Lebanon
The Syrian occupation of Lebanon lasted from 31 May 1976, beginning with the Syrian intervention in the Lebanese Civil War, until 30 April 2005. This period saw significant Syrian military and political influence over Lebanon, impacting its governance, economy, and society.

During the occupation, tens of thousands of Lebanese civilians were abducted and forcibly disappeared in Ba'athist Syrian prison camps. The whereabouts of an estimated 30,000 of them remain unknown. The occupation ended following intense international pressure and the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri. The legacy of the occupation continues to influence Lebanese-Syrian relations and Lebanon's internal political dynamics.
Arkansas Highway 99
Highway 99 (originally State Road 99, abbreviated AR 99 and Hwy. 99) is a former north–south state highway in Arkansas. Created in 1926, the route connected several small communities in the northwest corner of the state near the Oklahoma border. The highway briefly overlapped with Oklahoma State Highway 20 (SH-20) along the state line, and the two routes briefly enter Oklahoma together. It was significantly shortened in the 1930s, and fully replaced by the Highway 43 designation in 1971. The route was maintained by the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department (AHTD), except where the designation entered Oklahoma, where it was maintained by the Oklahoma Department of Highways.

Arkansas Department of Transportation
The Arkansas Department of Transportation (ARDOT), formerly the Arkansas Highway and Transportation Department, is a government department in the U.S. state of Arkansas. Its mission is to provide a safe, efficient, aesthetically pleasing and environmentally sound intermodal transportation system for the user. The department is responsible for implementing policy made by the Arkansas State Highway Commission, a board of officials appointed by the Governor of Arkansas to direct transportation policy in the state. The department's director is appointed by the commission to hire staff and manage construction and maintenance on Arkansas's highways.

The primary duty of ARDOT is the maintenance and management of the over 16,000-mile (26,000 km) Arkansas Highway System. The department also conducts planning, public transportation, the State Aid County Road Program, the Arkansas Highway Police, and Federal-Aid project administration. Its headquarters are in Little Rock.
Chaquén
Chaquén was the god of sports and fertility in the religion of the Muisca. The Muisca and their confederation were one of the four advanced civilizations of the Americas and as they were warriors, sports was very important to train the fighters for wars, mainly fought between the zipazgo and the zacazgo but also against other indigenous peoples as the Panches, Muzos and others. When the Spanish arrived in the highlands of central Colombia, the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, they encountered resistance of the guecha warriors, trained by Chaquén.

Guecha warrior
Guecha warriors (Spanish: güechas or gueches) were warriors of the Muisca Confederation in the Tenza Valley, Ubaque valley and Altiplano Cundiboyacense in the pre-Columbian era. The Guecha warrior was chosen for his merit in attitude and physique rather than by class. He was recognised by his unique status in society and his adornment with gold, feathers and inks.
Thathanabaing
Thathanabaing (Burmese: သာသနာပိုင်, ALA-LC: Sāsanāpuiṅ‘, lit. 'Keeper of Religion'), is the Burmese term for a head of a religious order. The title was historically used for the Supreme Patriarch of Buddhist Clergy (Burmese: မဟာသံဃရာဇာ, Pali: Mahāsaṃgharājā) in Burma until 1938. It is still used in Myanmar as the title for the heads of sects (Burmese: ဂဏာဓိပတိ, Pali: Gaṇādhipati) in Theravāda Buddhism, and the episcopal ordinaries (archbishops and bishops) in Anglican Christianity and Catholic Christianity, as well as for the Supreme Patriarch (Pali: Saṅgharāja) of Buddhism from other countries.

Buddhist sects in Myanmar
There had been an early schism into four sects during the Pagan period,: 66  which was later put to an end by the purification effort by a Hanthawady king, according to the Kalyāṇi Sima stone inscriptions. Throughout the Ava period and early Konbaung period, new schisms emerged between city sect and forest sect,: 67–69  and between one-shoulder covering sect and both-shoulder covering sect.: 69–70  The defeat of the one-shoulder covering sect resulted in a unified order, but new sects broke out again in the late Konbaung period and throughout the British rule.
Juniper Advisory
Juniper Advisory is an investment banking firm based in Chicago that focuses exclusively on non-profit hospital mergers and acquisitions. Founded by veteran investment bankers James Burgdorfer and David Gordon, the firm provides strategic financial advice relating to business combination transactions and other corporate finance matters.

The firm specializes in mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, partnerships, joint ventures, and lease arrangements in the industry. It is particularly active in advising government-owned, 501(c)(3), faith-based, and academic medical centers on structural ownership alternatives.

Consolidation (business)
In business, consolidation or amalgamation is the merger and acquisition of many smaller companies into a few much larger ones. In the context of financial accounting, consolidation refers to the aggregation of financial statements of a group company as consolidated financial statements. The taxation term of consolidation refers to the treatment of a group of companies and other entities as one entity for tax purposes. Under the Halsbury's Laws of England, amalgamation is defined as "a blending together of two or more undertakings into one undertaking, the shareholders of each blending company, becoming, substantially, the shareholders of the blended undertakings. There may be amalgamations, either by transfer of two or more undertakings to a new company or the transfer of one or more companies to an existing company".
Propionic acid
Propionic acid (/proʊpiˈɒnɪk/, from the Greek words πρῶτος : prōtos, meaning "first", and πίων : píōn, meaning "fat"; also known as propanoic acid) is a naturally occurring carboxylic acid with chemical formula CH3CH2CO2H. It is an oily liquid with a pungent and unpleasant smell. The anion CH3CH2CO−2 as well as the salts and esters of propionic acid are known as propionates or propanoates.

About half of the world production of propionic acid is consumed as a preservative for both animal feed and food for human consumption. It is also useful as an intermediate in the production of other chemicals, especially polymers.

Carboxylate
In organic chemistry, a carboxylate is the conjugate base of a carboxylic acid, RCOO− (or RCO−2). It is an  anion, an ion with negative charge.

Carboxylate salts are salts that have the general formula M(RCOO)n, where M is a metal and n is 1, 2,.... Carboxylate esters have the general formula RCOOR′ (also written as RCO2R′), where R and R′ are organic groups.
Bakhchysarai Palace
The Khan's Palace (Crimean Tatar: Hansaray; Turkish: Han Sarayı) is located in the town of Bakhchysarai, Crimea. It was built in the 16th century and became home to a succession of Crimean Khans. The walled enclosure contains a mosque, a harem, a cemetery, living quarters and gardens. The palace interior has been decorated to appear lived in and reflects the traditional 16th-century Crimean Tatar style. It is one of the best known Muslim palaces found in Europe, alongside the Sultan palaces of Istanbul and the Alhambra in Spain.

In December 2022, Russian forces dismantled a damaged roof and an ensemble of colored stained glass windows in the palace and replaced it with modern ones in order to prevent possible damage during fighting. The move has been described by the Ukrainian side as part of an "ongoing assault" on cultural heritage.

Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441 to 1783. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1441.

In 1783, violating the 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (which had guaranteed non-interference of both Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the affairs of the Crimean Khanate), the Russian Empire annexed the khanate. Among the European powers, only France came out with an open protest against this act, due to the longstanding Franco-Ottoman alliance.
Henri Uhlig
Henri Uhlig (born 1 August 2001) is a German cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Alpecin–Premier Tech.

In November 2021, Uhlig signed a one-year contract with the development team of UCI WorldTeam Alpecin–Deceuninck, to commence from the start of the 2022 season. He stepped up to UCI WorldTeam Alpecin–Deceuninck for the 2024 season.

Alpecin–Premier Tech
Alpecin– Premier Tech (UCI team code: APT) is a UCI WorldTeam cycling team that is based in Belgium. It competes both in the road and cyclo-cross seasons. The leaders of the team have in the past been cyclo-cross world champion Niels Albert, Philipp Walsleben and Radomír Šimůnek. The team's current lead rider is the cyclocross and road world champion and multiple monuments winner Mathieu van der Poel.
Natalie Paris
Natalie May Paris (born 6 July 1994) is a British stage actress, singer and dancer. She is best known for originating the role of Jane Seymour in the hit musical  SIX, she was nominated for the Olivier Award as Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical in 2019, together with her cast mates.

Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical
The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by the Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in professional London theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor and director Laurence Olivier.

This award was created in 2015, along with the Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical, to replace the singular award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical, which existed from 1991 to 2014.
Solar eclipse of November 3, 2032
A partial solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Wednesday, November 3, 2032, with a magnitude of 0.8554. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

A partial eclipse will be visible for most of Asia.

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
GRTA Xpress
Xpress is a regional commuter bus system serving the Atlanta Metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Georgia. The system has 15 routes and 20 active park-and-ride lots. In 2024, the Xpress system had a ridership of 942,700, or about 4,800 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

Xpress began service on June 7, 2004 under the Georgia Regional Transportation Authority, but is operated by Atlanta-region Transit Link Authority as of 2025. Service operates from roughly 5:30 a.m. to 9:30 pm weekdays, with most service being rush-hour only.

Georgia Regional Transportation Authority
The Georgia Regional Transportation Authority (GRTA, /ˈɡrɛtə/ "Greta") is a government agency that addresses mobility and air quality in the U.S. state of Georgia. It was set up under former governor of Georgia Roy Barnes, in order to address mobility, air quality and land use and how they relate to the transportation needs of metro Atlanta, including both roads and public transit.

GRTA's jurisdiction encompasses 13 Georgia counties in Metro Atlanta: Cherokee, Clayton, Coweta, Cobb, DeKalb, Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton,  Forest, Gwinnett, Henry, Paulding, and Rockdale.
Heather Savory
Heather Jane Savory (born 1963) is a British former chair of the Chair of the Open Data User Group. She has been the deputy national statistician and Director General for Data Capability at the Office for National Statistics and worked on Big Data for the United Nations.

Office for National Statistics
The Office for National Statistics (ONS; Welsh: Swyddfa Ystadegau Gwladol) is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority, a non-ministerial department which reports directly to the UK Parliament.
Unum
Unum Group (stylized as uṅu̇ṁ) is an American insurance company headquartered in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Founded as Union Mutual in 1848 and known as UnumProvident from 1999–2007, the company is part of the Fortune 500. Unum Group was created by the 1999 merger of Unum Corporation and The Provident Companies and comprises four distinct businesses –  Unum US, Unum UK, Unum Poland and Colonial Life. Its underwriting insurers include The Paul Revere Life Insurance Company and Provident Life and Accident Insurance Company.

As of 2018, Unum was the third-largest disability insurer in the United States. Unum also offers other insurance products including accident, critical illness and life insurance as well as workplace leave management and mental health. In 2022, Unum insured about 45 million individuals through group policies and reported revenue of $11.991 billion.

Disability insurance
Disability Insurance, often called DI or disability income insurance, or income protection, is a form of insurance that insures the beneficiary's earned income against the risk that a disability creates a barrier for completion of core work functions. For example, the worker may be unable to maintain composure in the case of psychological disorders or sustain  an injury, illness or condition that causes physical impairment or incapacity to work. DI encompasses paid sick leave, short-term disability benefits (STD), and long-term disability benefits (LTD). The same concept is instantiated in some countries as income protection insurance.
AviList
AviList is a global avian checklist created to produce a consensus taxonomy for the birds of the world. It is available online and can be freely downloaded.

Prior to the introduction of AviList in June 2025 there were three widely used and regularly updated global checklists. These separate lists were maintained on behalf of the International Ornithologists' Union, BirdLife International and the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. The lists differed in the number of species recognised and the division of the species into genera and families.  At a meeting held in 2018, a group of ornithologists agreed to work together to produce a single consensus taxonomy for the birds of the world. The three former lists have now ceased to make any independent taxonomic updates.

Cornell Lab of Ornithology
The Cornell Lab of Ornithology is a member-supported unit of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, which studies birds and other wildlife. It is housed in the Imogene Powers Johnson Center for Birds and Biodiversity in Sapsucker Woods Sanctuary. Approximately 250 scientists, professors, staff, and students work in a variety of programs devoted to the Lab's mission: interpreting and conserving the Earth's biological diversity through research, education, and citizen science focused on birds. Work at the Lab is supported primarily by its 100,000 members and supporters.

The Cornell Lab produces a quarterly publication, Living Bird magazine, and an electronic newsletter delivered twice per month. It manages numerous participatory science projects and websites, including the Webby Award-winning All About Birds.
2011 in Tachi Palace Fights
The year 2011 is the third year in the history of Tachi Palace Fights, a mixed martial arts promotion based in The United States. In 2011 Tachi Palace Fights held 4 events beginning with, TPF 8: All or Nothing.

Tachi Palace Fights
Tachi Palace Fights (TPF) was an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion which hosted events at the Tachi Palace Hotel & Casino in Lemoore, California. Matchmaker for TPF was former fighter Richard Goodman.

Regarded as a regional promotion, TPF events often included upcoming MMA prospects and veteran fighters who had competed in organizations such as the UFC, WEC, and Strikeforce, as well as other regional MMA promotions. The promotion was discontinued first in December 2012. However, the tribal council reversed their decision in March 2013 and the TPF returned in August of that year. Tachi Palace Fights would cease operations again in late 2018.
North Carolina Highway 89
North Carolina Highway 89 (NC 89) is a 61.3-mile-long (98.7 km) primary state highway in the U.S. state North Carolina including Mount Airy and Danbury. The entire route spans only two counties in the state: Surry and Stokes. It can be accessed from the Blue Ridge Parkway via Virginia's State Route 89 (the highway that continues from NC 89's western terminus) or an interchange with NC 18 which intersects NC 89 near its western terminus. Interstates 74 and 77 both intersect NC 89 west of Mount Airy.

Mount Airy, North Carolina
Mount Airy (/ˈmaʊntəri/) is a city in Surry County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 10,676. As of 2020, the city is the most populous municipality in Surry County.  Mount Airy is located within the Piedmont Triad metropolitan region.
Quality control and genetic algorithms
The combination of quality control and genetic algorithms led to novel solutions of complex quality control design and optimization problems. Quality is the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics of an entity fulfils a need or expectation that is stated, general implied or obligatory. ISO 9000 defines quality control as "A part of quality management focused on fulfilling quality requirements". Genetic algorithms are search algorithms, based on the mechanics of natural selection and natural genetics.

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
Doug Rogers (judoka)
Alfred Harold Douglas Rogers (January 26, 1941 – July 20, 2020) was a Canadian Olympic competitor in judo, and the first Canadian to win an Olympic medal in the sport. He was an honoured member in the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame. His best results were a silver medal in the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and a gold medal at the Pan American Games, in 1967. He was a student of Masahiko Kimura.

Masahiko Kimura
Masahiko Kimura (木村 政彦, Kimura Masahiko; 10 September 1917 – 18 April 1993) was a Japanese judoka and professional wrestler. He won the All-Japan Judo Championships three times in a row for the first time in history and had never lost a judo match from 1936 to 1950. In submission grappling, the reverse ude-garami arm lock is often called the "Kimura", due to his famous victory over Gracie jiu-jitsu co-founder Hélio Gracie. In the Japanese professional wrestling world, he is known for being one of Japan's earliest stars and the controversial match he had with Rikidōzan.
Hundred of Yatala
The Hundred of Yatala is a cadastral unit of hundred in South Australia covering much of the Adelaide metropolitan area north of the River Torrens. It is one of the eleven hundreds of the County of Adelaide stretching from the Torrens in the south to the Little Para River in the north; and spanning from the coast in the west to the Adelaide foothills in the east. It is roughly bisected from east to west by Dry Creek. It was named in 1846 by Governor Frederick Robe, Yatala being likely derived from yartala, a Kaurna word referring to the flooded state of the plain either side of Dry Creek after heavy rain.

Adelaide Hills
The Adelaide Hills region is located in the southern Mount Lofty Ranges east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. The largest town in the area, Mount Barker, is one of Australia's fastest-growing towns. Before British colonisation of South Australia, the area was inhabited by the Peramangk people.

The Adelaide Hills wine region comprises areas of the Adelaide Hills above 300 m (980 ft).