hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adolf Hermann Hagen
Adolf Hermann Wilhelm Hagen (23 September 1820 – 17 August 1894) was a public official in Prussia.   He was also a banker and a liberal politician.

He is known for the  "Hagen resolution", presented in the Prussian House of Representatives in 1862, which triggered a general election and heralded the end of the so-called (and as matters turned out short-lived) "New Era" in Prussian politics.

Prussian House of Representatives
The Prussian House of Representatives (German: Preußisches Abgeordnetenhaus) was the lower chamber of the Landtag of Prussia (German: Preußischer Landtag), the parliament of Prussia from 1850 to 1918. Together with the upper house, the House of Lords (German: Preußisches Herrenhaus), it formed the Prussian bicameral legislature. The Prussian House of Representatives was established by the Prussian constitution of 5 December 1848, with members elected according to the three-class franchise. At first it was called simply the "Second Chamber," with the name "House of Representatives" (Abgeordnetenhaus) introduced in 1855.
Justin Sambu
Justin Sambu (born January 22, 1999) is a Canadian professional football defensive lineman for the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Maine and Baylor. He has also been a member of the Toronto Argonauts of the CFL.

Baylor Bears football
The Baylor Bears football team represents Baylor University in Division I FBS college football. They are a member of the Big 12 Conference.  After 64 seasons at the off-campus Baylor Stadium, renamed Floyd Casey Stadium in 1988, the Bears opened the new on-campus McLane Stadium for the 2014 season.
B13 (New York City bus)
The B13 is a bus route in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, which serves the corridor of Crescent Street, as well as Gates Avenue north of the Myrtle–Wyckoff Avenues station. Originally operated by Independent Buses, it is now operated by MTA Regional Bus Operations under the New York City Transit brand.

B20 and B83 buses
The B20 and B83 constitute bus routes between Broadway Junction and East New York, running primarily on Pennsylvania Avenue in Brooklyn, New York City. They are operated by the New York City Transit Authority, with the B20 being based out of the Fresh Pond Depot and the B83 being based out of the East New York Depot.
Bible translations into Hindi and Urdu
The modern Hindi and Urdu standards are highly mutually intelligible in colloquial form, but use different scripts when written, and have lesser mutually intelligibility in literary forms. The history of Bible translations into Hindi and Urdu is closely linked, with the early translators of the Hindustani language simply producing the same version with different scripts: Devanagari and Nastaliq, as well as Roman.

The Hindustani translations of the Bible produced by Benjamin Schultze and Henry Martyn became the basis for subsequent versions published by various scholars.

Nastaliq
Nastaliq is one of the main calligraphic hands used to write Persian script and Arabic script and is used for significant Indo-Iranian languages (namely all of the Iranic and some of the Indo-Aryan), predominantly Persian, Kurdish, Pashto, Balochi, Urdu, Sindhi, Saraiki, Kashmiri and Punjabi. It is often used also for Ottoman Turkish, but rarely for Arabic (particularly in Iraq). Nastaliq developed in Iran from the combination of naskh and ta'liq, beginning in the 13th century and remains widely used in Iran, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan and other countries for written poetry and as a form of art.
Gulf Pidgin Arabic
Gulf Pidgin Arabic is a group of Arabic-based pidgins which are primarily used by migrant workers in the Arab states of the Persian Gulf. The variety was first described on in 1990, with the author reporting that the variety existed as early as the 1960s. As with other pidgins, Gulf Pidgin Arabic does not have a standard form and varies in features and vocabulary between communities.

Arab states of the Persian Gulf
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf (Arabic: دول الخليج الفارسي, romanized: duwal al-Khalīj al-ʿfarsi), are a group of Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

The term has been used in different contexts to refer to a number of Arab states in the Persian Gulf region. The prominent political union of the region is the Gulf Cooperation Council, which includes all Persian Gulf states except Iraq. Most Persian Gulf states are former protectorates of the British Empire.
OHAL region
The OHAL region (Turkish: Olağanüstü Hâl Bölge Valiliği, lit. 'Governorship of Region in State of Emergency') was a "super-region" created in Turkey under state of emergency legislation, as part of its approach to the Kurdish–Turkish conflict. From 1994 onwards the scope of the OHAL super-region was gradually narrowed, with provinces being downgraded to "neighbouring province" and then removed from OHAL altogether. The state of emergency was extended 46 times, for four months each time. OHAL was finally discontinued on 30 November 2002.

Martial law and state of emergency in Turkey
Since 1940, Turkey has frequently been under extraordinary rule, either the whole of the country or specific provinces. According to Articles 119–122 of the 1982 Constitution the four types of extraordinary rule are martial law (sıkıyönetim), state of emergency (olağanüstü hâl, OHAL), mobilization (seferberlik) and situation of war (savaş hâli). Martial law has been abolished and all other forms have been merged into single form of state of emergency since 2017 amendment to Turkish constitution.
Myia (mythology)
In Lucian of Samosata's works, Myia (Ancient Greek: Μυῖα, romanized: Muîa, lit. 'fly') is a young girl who fell in love with Endymion and was transformed by the lunar goddess Selene into a fly, a small insect bearing her name.

Samsat
Samsat (Kurdish: Samîsad, Ottoman Turkish صمصاد Semisat),  formerly Samosata (Ancient Greek: Σαμόσατα) is a small town in the Adıyaman Province of Turkey, situated on the upper Euphrates river. It is the seat of Samsat District. The town is populated by Kurds of the Bêzikan tribe.

Halil Fırat from the Justice and Development Party (AKP) was elected mayor in the local elections in March 2019. The current Kaymakam is Halid Yıldız.

Samsat was the ancient capital of Kingdom of Commagene. The current site of Samsat is comparatively new, however, being rebuilt in 1989 when the old town of Samosata was flooded during the construction of the Atatürk Dam. As of 2018, reconstruction process had not yet been fully completed. An ancient tell nearby dating back to Paleolithic times has survived to the current day.

Its population was 3,790 in 2022, up from 3,520 in 2017.
Kai-Tokiwa Station
Kai-Tokiwa Station (甲斐常葉駅, Kai-Tokiwa-eki) is a railway station on the Minobu Line of Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) located in the town of Minobu, Minamikoma District, Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan.

Minobu Line
The Minobu Line (身延線, Minobu-sen) is a railway line in the Tōkai region of Japan operated by the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central). It runs between Fuji Station in Fuji, Shizuoka and Kōfu Station in Kōfu, Yamanashi, connecting the Tōkaidō Main Line to the Chūō Main Line.
George Rogerson
George Henry Rogerson (13 March 1896 – 29 May 1961) was an English cricketer.  Born at Monks Coppenhall, Cheshire, he made twelve appearances in first-class cricket.

Having played for the Lancashire Second XI since 1921, Rogerson made his first-class cricket debut for Lancashire in 1923 against Oxford University at Oxford. He made eleven further appearances in first-class cricket in 1922, playing his final match for Lancashire in the County Championship against Hampshire. He scored a total of 340 runs in his twelve matches, with a high score of 47 not out and a batting average of 17.89.

He died at Crewe, Cheshire on 29 May 1961.

Crewe
Crewe (/kruː/ ⓘ) is a railway town and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East, in Cheshire, England. At the 2021 census, the parish had a population of 55,318 and the built-up area had 76,437. The town is best known as a large railway junction and home to Crewe Works; for many years, it was a major railway engineering facility for manufacturing and overhauling locomotives, but is now much reduced in size. From 1946 until 2002, it was also the home of Rolls-Royce motor car production. The Pyms Lane factory on the west of the town now exclusively produces Bentley motor cars. Crewe is 158 miles (254 km) north-west of London, 28 miles (45 km) south of Manchester city centre and 31 miles (50 km) south-east of Liverpool city centre.
Pratik Sharma
Lieutenant General Pratik Sharma, SYSM, PVSM, AVSM, SM is a serving general officer of the Indian Army. He is currently serving as the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Northern Command. He previously served as the Deputy Chief of Army Staff (Strategy), prior to that he was Director General of Military Operations at IHQ of MoD (Army). He earlier served as the General Officer Commanding II corps.

II Corps (India)
II Corps is a corps of the Indian Army, based in Ambala and known as Kharga Corps.

The Corps was raised on October 7, 1971 by Lt Gen T N Raina at Krishna Nagar in West Bengal and saw action two months later in December. During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, it captured the important towns of Khulna, Jessore, Jhenida, Magura and Faridpur and also the area between the rivers Ganges and Padma. Subsequently, the Corps was shifted to the Western Theatre where it was initially located at Chandimandir Cantonment till 1984, and then moved to Ambala in January 1985.
Natagora
Natagora was a French champion Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare, named after a Belgian NGO. She won five of her seven starts as a two-year-old including the Group One Cheveley Park Stakes and the Group Two Prix Robert Papin. She was named European Champion Two-year old Filly at the Cartier Racing Awards. As a three-year-old she recorded her most important victory when taking the Classic 1000 Guineas. Although she never won again she finished placed in the Prix du Jockey Club, Prix Rothschild, Prix Jacques Le Marois and Prix de la Forêt. After her racing career ended she had some success as broodmare, producing a number of winning foals. Natagora was one of an outstanding generation of French-trained fillies which also included Zarkava and Goldikova.

Cartier Champion Two-year-old Filly
The Cartier Champion Two-year-old Filly is an award in European horse racing, founded in 1991, and sponsored by Cartier SA as part of the Cartier Racing Awards. The award winner is decided by points earned in group races plus the votes cast by British racing journalists and readers of the Racing Post and The Daily Telegraph newspapers.
Louis Chaves
Louis Ralph Chaves (born c. 1943), also known as Louis Chavez or Louis Notclay, is a Dominican-born American serial killer who murdered a couple in El Monte, California, in 1968, and later a police officer in Hayward in 1987.

Hayward, California
Hayward is a city in Alameda County, California, United States, in the East Bay subregion of the San Francisco Bay Area. With a population of 162,954 as of 2020, Hayward is the sixth largest city in the Bay Area, and the third largest in Alameda County. Hayward was ranked as the 36th most populous municipality in California. It is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–San Jose Metropolitan Statistical Area by the US Census. It is located primarily between Castro Valley, San Leandro and Union City, and lies at the eastern terminus of the San Mateo–Hayward Bridge.
1998 MBNA Gold 400
The 1998 MBNA Gold 400 was the 26th stock car race of the 1998 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 30th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, September 20, 1998, in Dover, Delaware at Dover International Speedway, a 1-mile (1.6 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 400 laps to complete. At race's end, Roush Racing driver Mark Martin would dominate the race weekend to take his 28th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his sixth victory of the season. To fill out the podium, Hendrick Motorsports driver Jeff Gordon and Penske-Kranefuss Racing driver Jeremy Mayfield would finish second and third, respectively.

The race would mark the first career NASCAR Winston Cup Series start for Matt Kenseth, who was substituting for Bill Elliott as Elliott had gone to his father's funeral.

Dover, Delaware
Dover (/ˈdoʊvər/ DOH-vər) is the capital and the second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Delaware, after Wilmington. It is also the county seat of Kent County and the principal city of the Dover metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Kent County and is part of the Philadelphia–Wilmington–Camden, PA–NJ–DE–MD, combined statistical area. It is located on the St. Jones River in the Delaware River coastal plain. It was named by William Penn for Dover in Kent, England (for which Kent County is named). As of 2020, its population was 39,403.
Jamall Lee
Jamall Lee (born March 13, 1987) is a Canadian former professional football running back who played three seasons for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was signed by the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL) as an undrafted free agent in 2009 and released at the end of the pre-season, making him an NFL free agent. He was selected by the BC Lions third overall in the 2009 CFL draft. He played CIS football for the Bishop's Gaiters.

U Sports football
U Sports football is the highest level of amateur play of Canadian football and operates under the auspices of U Sports, Canada's governing body for university sports. Twenty-seven teams from Canadian universities are divided into four athletic conferences, drawing from the four regional associations of U Sports: Canada West Universities Athletic Association, Ontario University Athletics, Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec, and Atlantic University Sport. At the end of every season, the champions of each conference advance to semifinal bowl games; the winners of these meet in the Vanier Cup national championship.
2002 Texas gubernatorial election
The 2002 Texas gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 2002, to elect the governor of Texas. Incumbent Republican governor Rick Perry, who had ascended to the governorship after the resignation of George W. Bush to become President of the United States, was elected to his first full term in office, winning 58% of the vote to Democrat Tony Sanchez's 40%.

Perry carried 218 out of 254 counties, while Sanchez only carried 36. Exit polls showed Perry easily won among white voters with 72% while Sanchez won the African American vote with 85% and the Latino vote with 65%. His second inauguration for a first full four-year term began on January 21, 2003, on the Texas State Capitol South Grounds.

As of 2023, this was the last time the Republican candidate carried Dallas County, the last time the Democratic candidate carried Cass, Hudspeth, Pecos, Terrell, Nueces, and Kenedy counties, and the last time Republicans kept the vote margins within the single digits in Travis County.

Travis County, Texas
Travis County is located in Central Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,290,188. It is the fifth-most populous county in Texas. Its county seat and most populous city is Austin, the state's capital. The county was established in 1840 and is named in honor of William Barret Travis, the commander of the Republic of Texas forces at the Battle of the Alamo. Travis County is part of the Austin–Round Rock–Georgetown metropolitan area. It is located along the Balcones Fault, the boundary between the Edwards Plateau to the west and the Blackland Prairie to the east.
Wyoming Highway 50
Wyoming Highway 50 (WYO 50) is a 51.48-mile-long (82.85 km) north–south Wyoming state highway located in the southwestern and central part of Campbell County that travels from Wyoming Highway 387 at Pine Tree Junction north to Interstate 90, US 14/US 16/WYO 59 in Gillette.

U.S. Route 16
U.S. Highway 16 (US 16) is an east–west United States Numbered Highway between Rapid City, South Dakota, and Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. The highway's eastern terminus is at a junction with Interstate 90 (I-90)/US 14, concurrent with I-190, in Rapid City. The western terminus is the east entrance to Yellowstone National Park, concurrent with US 14 and US 20. US 16 used to extend all the way to Michigan but has been truncated in favor of I-90 and I-96.
Siege of Cherkasy
The siege of Cherkasy or siege of Cherkassy was conducted by the Crimean Tatar army of Saadet I Giray in cooperation with Ottoman Janissaries as part of the attack in response to raids of Ostap Dashkevych's Cossacks, on c. March 1532.

Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441 to 1783. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1441.

In 1783, violating the 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (which had guaranteed non-interference of both Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the affairs of the Crimean Khanate), the Russian Empire annexed the khanate. Among the European powers, only France came out with an open protest against this act, due to the longstanding Franco-Ottoman alliance.
Great icosihemidodecahedron
In geometry, the great icosihemidodecahedron (or great icosahemidodecahedron) is a nonconvex uniform polyhedron, indexed as U71. It has 26 faces (20 triangles and 6 decagrams), 60 edges, and 30 vertices.  Its vertex figure is a crossed quadrilateral.

It is a hemipolyhedron with 6 decagrammic faces passing through the model center.

Decagram (geometry)
In geometry, a decagram is a 10-point star polygon. There is one regular decagram, containing the vertices of a regular decagon, but connected by every third point. Its Schläfli symbol is {10/3}.

The name decagram combines a numeral prefix, deca-, with the Greek suffix -gram. The -gram suffix derives from γραμμῆς (grammēs) meaning a line.
Louise Rydqvist
Louise Rydqvist (born 18 July 2001) is a Swedish professional golfer. In 2022, she was runner-up at The Womens Amateur Championship and won the Espirito Santo Trophy. In 2024, she won the European Ladies Amateur and made the cut at the Women's British Open.

European Ladies Amateur Championship
The European Ladies Amateur Championship is an annual amateur golf tournament. It is organized by the European Golf Association and is one of the "elite" tournaments recognized by the World Amateur Golf Ranking.

The championship was first played in 1986 and was called the International European Ladies Amateur Championship until 2015. There have been 33 editions contested so far, with many past winners and medallists of this championship are now members of the professional ranks.
Chris Wilson (fighter)
Christopher Ross Wilson (born June 7, 1977) is an American professional mixed martial arts fighter who last competed in 2013. A professional competitor since 2002, Wilson has formerly competed for the UFC, the IFL, and King of the Cage.

International Fight League
The International Fight League was an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion billed as the world's first MMA league. It was founded on January 7, 2006, and closed on July 31, 2008. Instead of the established norm for MMA events, where matchups are strictly one-on-one affairs, each IFL card was a showdown between two camps of at least three fighters, each fighter fighting one match against another in the opposing camps.
Hamza Abboud
Hamza Mustafa Abboud (Arabic: حمزة مصطفى عبود; born 1 November 1984) is a Lebanese footballer who plays as a right-back for Lebanese Second Division club Shabab Baalbeck.

Abboud played for Safa between 2008 and 2013, winning two league titles, one FA Cup, and two Elite Cups, as well as finishing runner-up in the 2008 AFC Cup. In 2013 he moved to Ansar, where he won an FA Cup, before joining Nejmeh in 2017, who sent him on loan to Nabi Chit. After one season on loan, Abboud stayed another season at Nabi Chit, who changed their name to Bekaa, before moving to Bourj in 2019. He joined Akhaa Ahli Aley in 2022 and Shabab Baalbeck in 2023.

Abboud also represented Lebanon internationally between 2009 and 2011, playing 10 games.

Lebanese Elite Cup
The Lebanese Elite Cup (Arabic: كأس النخبة اللبناني) was a Lebanese football annual cup competition contested by the top six teams of the previous Lebanese Premier League season. Founded in 1996 as the Super League Cup, the first edition was played by the top five finishers of the league and the Lebanese FA Cup winners.

The most successful club in the competition is Nejmeh was 12 titles, followed by Ahed with six. The competition was suspended in 2023, alongside the Lebanese Challenge Cup, and was replaced by the Lebanese Federation Cup.
Eduard Lintner
Eduard Lintner (born 4 November 1944 in Marktlangendorf, Sudetenland) is a German politician and lobbyist. From 1976 to 2009 he served as a member of the German Bundestag.

He also served from 1991 to 1998 as Parliamentary State Secretary for the Federal Secretary of the Interior and from 1992 to 1998 he was the Drug Enforcement Officer in the Federal Government.

In 2017, it was revealed that Lintner had lobbied on behalf of the authoritarian regime in Azerbaijan and has been involved in the Azerbaijani laundromat scandal, which was a complex money-laundering scheme, used to pay off European politicians in an attempt to whitewash Azerbaijan's reputation abroad.

Federal Ministry of the Interior (Germany)
The Federal Ministry of the Interior  (German: Bundesministerium des Innern, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsminɪsˌteːʁiʊm dɛs ˈʔɪnɐn ʔʊnt fyːɐ̯ ˈhaɪmaːt] ⓘ; abbreviated BMI) is a cabinet-level ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. Its main office is in Berlin, with a secondary seat in Bonn. The current minister is Alexander Dobrindt. 
It is comparable to the UK Home Office or a combination of the US Department of Homeland Security and the US Department of Justice, because both manage several law enforcement agencies. The BMI is tasked with the internal security of Germany. To fulfill this responsibility it maintains, among other agencies, the two biggest federal law enforcement agencies in Germany, the Federal Police (including the GSG 9) and the Federal Criminal Police Office. It is also responsible for the federal domestic intelligence agency, the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution.
Network Systems Corporation
Network Systems Corporation (NSC) was an early manufacturer of high-performance computer networking products.  Founded in 1974, NSC produced hardware products that connected IBM and Control Data Corporation (CDC) mainframe computers to peripherals at remote locations.  NSC also developed and commercialized the HYPERchannel networking system and protocol standards, adopted by Cray Research, Tektronix and others. In the late 1980s, NSC extended HYPERchannel to support the TCP/IP networking protocol and released a product allowing HYPERchannel devices to connect to the emerging Internet.

Cray
Cray Inc., a subsidiary of Hewlett Packard Enterprise, is an American supercomputer manufacturer headquartered in Seattle, Washington. It also manufactures systems for data storage and analytics. As of June 2025, Cray supercomputer systems held the top three spots in the TOP500, which ranks the most powerful supercomputers in the world.

In 1972, the company was founded by computer designer Seymour Cray as Cray Research, Inc., and it continues to manufacture parts in Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, where Cray was born and raised. After being acquired by Silicon Graphics in 1996, the modern company was formed after being purchased in 2000 by Tera Computer Company, which adopted the name Cray Inc. In 2019, the company was acquired by Hewlett Packard Enterprise for $1.3 billion.