hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark Vargo (politician)
Mark Alexander Vargo (born July 29, 1963) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 32nd Attorney General of South Dakota. In June 2022, he was appointed by Governor Kristi Noem to fill the vacancy created by Jason Ravnsborg's impeachment and removal from office. He previously served as the State's Attorney of Pennington County, South Dakota, having left the position in April 2023.

Pennington County, South Dakota
Pennington County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 109,222, making it the second most populous county in South Dakota, and was estimated to be 115,979 in 2024. Its county seat is Rapid City. The county was created on January 11, 1875, and was organized on April 19, 1877. It is named for John L. Pennington, fifth Governor of Dakota Territory, who held office in 1875 when the county was formed. Pennington County is included in the Rapid City metropolitan statistical area. It is also the location of Mount Rushmore.
Miss Venezuela 2003
Miss Venezuela 2003 was the fiftieth Miss Venezuela pageant, held at the Venevisión Studio 1 in Caracas, Venezuela, on October 16, 2003.

Mariangel Ruiz of Aragua crowned Ana Karina Añez of Lara as her successor at the end of the event.

Lara (state)
Lara State (Spanish: Estado Lara, IPA: [esˈtaðo ˈlaɾa]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. Lara is located in the Central-Western Region, Venezuela. The state capital is Barquisimeto.

Lara State covers a total surface area of 19,800 km2 (7,600 sq mi) and, in 2015, had a census population of  2,019,211.
Jeffrey Vinokur
Jeffrey Vinokur (born August 24, 1990), also known as Dr. Jeff and The Dancing Scientist, is an American scientist, entrepreneur and Emmy-nominated host of more than 100 educational science shows for children.

He is also the founder & CEO of Generation Genius, an educational streaming platform used in approximately 30% of elementary schools in the United States as of Nov 2021. Generation Genius ranked as the #88 fastest growing company in America on the Inc500 list in 2022 and was featured on TIME Magazine’s TIME100 list of most influential companies in 2023. In 2025, Generation Genius was acquired by Newsela for $100 million.

Vinokur has performed as “The Dancing Scientist” on national TV shows including Good Morning America, The Today Show, The View, America's Got Talent, and Discovery Channel, as well as live stage shows at the World Science Festival, Smithsonian Institution, and the USA Science and Engineering Festival.

America's Got Talent season 5
The fifth season of American talent show competition series America's Got Talent was broadcast on NBC from June 1 to September 15, 2010. For the season, production staff introduced two new quarter-finals: one for Wildcards selected from the participants eliminated during auditions or their respective quarter-final, and one for acts that auditioned via YouTube, following changes in the online application process. After the conclusion of the fourth season, David Hasselhoff left the program, and was replaced by Howie Mandel.

The fifth season was won by soul singer Michael Grimm, with classical crossover singer Jackie Evancho finishing in second, and blacklight performaners Fighting Gravity placing third. During its broadcast, the season averaged about 11.11 million viewers, with its season finale being the most watched in the program's history with approximately 16.41 million viewers.
The Untold Truth
The Untold Truth is the only studio album by American rap duo Illegal, composed of rappers Jamal and Mr. Malik. It was released on August 24, 1993, through Rowdy Records with distribution via Arista Records. The recording sessions took place from late Fall 1992 to mid-Summer 1993 at D.A.R.P. Studios in Atlanta, at Soundtrack Studios in New York City, and at BMV Digital Studios in Newark. The album was produced by Dallas Austin, Diamond D, Erick Sermon, Biz Markie, and Lord Finesse, among others.

The album peaked at No. 119 on the Billboard 200 and No. 19 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. It spawned three singles: "Back in the Day", and the Kris Kross/Da Youngsta's diss tracks "Head or Gut" and "We Getz Busy".

Jamal (rapper)
Jamal Phillips (born April 26, 1979), known professionally mononymously as Jamal and formerly as Mally G, is an American rapper and record producer. He started his career as one-half of rap duo Illegal, the rap act formed by Dallas Austin in the early 1990s. He is a current member of Def Squad.
Syed Tasawar Jawadi
Syed Tasawar Hussain Naqvi Jawadi (Urdu:   سید تصور حسین نقوی الجوادی; 9 January 1976 – 13 June 2023) was a Pakistani Shia scholar from Azad Kashmir, renowned for fostering unity among the Muslims of the region, served as the former President (Secretary General) of Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen Pakistan, Azad Kashmir, Sub-Supervision Member of Imamia Students Organization Azad Kashmir Division and was a member of the Ulama Mushaikh Council of Azad Kashmir.

Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen
Majlis Wahdat-e-Muslimeen (MWM; Urdu: مجلس وحدتِ مسلمین, lit. 'Muslim Unity Assembly') is a Pakistani Shi'a Islamic political organization. Its headquarters are in Islamabad. MWM Pakistan works to establish an Islamic democratic welfare state, particularly emphasising Shi'a-Sunni unity.
Tarokoid languages
The five Tarokoid languages are a branch of the Plateau family spoken in central Nigeria, just north of the middle reaches of the Benue River. Tarok itself has 300,000 speakers, with Pe and Sur about 5,000 each. Yangkam is severely endangered, being spoken by around fifty elderly men.

The Tarokoid languages have significantly influenced the Ron languages and later Ngas, but not the other West Chadic languages of Tel, Goemai, Mupun, and Mwaghavul. Most borrowed words went from Tarok to Chadic, although occasionally Chadic words were also borrowed into Tarok. Today, Tarok remains the lingua franca of the southern Plateau region of Nigeria.

Tarok language
Tarok (Tarok: iTárók), also known as Yergama or Appa is a language spoken by around 520,000 people primarily in the southeast of Nigeria's Plateau State, where it serves as a local lingua franca. Tarok is a member of the Plateau group of the Atlantic–Congo family.
Generalized suffix array
In computer science, a generalized suffix array (GSA) is a suffix array containing all suffixes for a set of strings. Given the set of strings  of total length , it is a lexicographically sorted array of all suffixes of each string in . It is primarily used in bioinformatics and string processing.

Suffix tree
In computer science, a suffix tree (also called PAT tree or, in an earlier form, position tree) is a compressed trie containing all the suffixes of the given text as their keys and positions in the text as their values. Suffix trees allow particularly fast implementations of many important string operations.

The construction of such a tree for the string  takes time and space linear in the length of . Once constructed, several operations can be performed quickly, such as locating a substring in , locating a substring if a certain number of mistakes are allowed, and locating matches for a regular expression pattern. Suffix trees also provided one of the first linear-time solutions for the longest common substring problem. These speedups come at a cost: storing a string's suffix tree typically requires significantly more space than storing the string itself.
The Bon Marché
The Bon Marché (colloquially The Bon) was an American department store chain founded in 1890 in Seattle, Washington by Edward and Josephine Nordhoff. The name of the store was inspired by the Parisian department store Le Bon Marché.

The Bon Marché was acquired by Hahn Department Stores in 1929, which itself was acquired by Allied Stores in 1934. Federated Department Stores purchased Allied in 1992; it rebranded the chain as Bon–Macy's in 2003, and dissolved The Bon Marché completely with its full conversion to Macy's in 2005.

Le Bon Marché
Le Bon Marché (lit. "the good market", or "the good deal" in French; [lə bɔ̃ maʁʃe]) is a department store in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, France. Founded in 1838 and revamped almost completely by Aristide Boucicaut in 1852, it was one of the first modern department stores. It was a member of the International Association of Department Stores from 1986 to 2011.

Now the property of LVMH, it sells a wide range of high-end goods, including food in an adjacent building at 38, rue de Sèvres, called La Grande Épicerie de Paris.
Palacio de San Carlos, Bogotá
The San Carlos Palace (Spanish: Palacio de San Carlos; previously Colegio Seminario de San Bartolomé), is a 16th-century Neoclassical mansion in Bogotá, Colombia. Located on the corner of Calle 10 and Carrera 5, the historic building has been the site of various political, social and academic events. Since December 1993, it has been home to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Colombia)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MRE) (Spanish: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores) also known as the Chancellery (Spanish: Cancillería), is the Cabinet position of the Government of Colombia responsible for the international relations of Colombia through its diplomatic missions abroad by formulating foreign policy relevant to the matters of the State. It is equivalent to the foreign affairs ministries of other countries.
Jean-Yves Duclos
Jean-Yves Duclos PC MP FRSC (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃iv dyklo]; born 1965) is a Canadian economist and politician who has been the member of Parliament (MP) for Québec Centre since 2015. A member of the Liberal Party, Duclos previously served as Minister of Families, Children and Social Development from 2015 to 2019, President of the Treasury Board from 2019 to 2021, Minister of Health from 2021 to 2023, and Minister of Public Services and Procurement from 2023 to 2025.

Québec Centre
Québec Centre (formerly Québec and Langelier) is a federal electoral district that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1968. It is located in Quebec City in the province of Quebec, Canada.

Since its creation, the riding has been a provincial bellwether in federal elections. No party has ever carried this riding without winning the most seats in Quebec.
Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár (Hungarian: [ˈseːkɛʃfɛheːrvaːr] ⓘ; German: Stuhlweißenburg [ʃtuːlˈvaɪsn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; Latin: Alba Regia; Croatian: Stolni Biograd; Serbian: Стони Београд; Slovak: Stoličný Belehrad), known colloquially as Fehérvár (lit. 'white castle'), is a city in central Hungary, and the country's ninth-largest city. It is the regional capital of Central Transdanubia, and the centre of Fejér County and Székesfehérvár District. The area is an important rail and road junction between Lake Balaton and Lake Velence.

Székesfehérvár, a royal residence (székhely), as capital of the Kingdom of Hungary, held a central role in the Middle Ages. As required by the Doctrine of the Holy Crown, the first kings of Hungary were crowned and buried here. Significant trade routes led to the Balkans and Italy, and to Buda and Vienna. Historically the city has come under Ottoman and Habsburg control, and was known in many languages by translations of "white castle" – Croatian: Biograd, Slovak: Belehrad, etc.

Buda
Buda (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈbudɒ], German: Ofen) is the part of Budapest, the capital city of Hungary, that lies on the western bank of the Danube. Historically, "Buda" referred only to the royal walled city on Castle Hill (Hungarian: Várhegy), which was constructed by Béla IV between 1247 and 1249 and subsequently served as the capital of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1361 to 1873. In 1873, Buda was administratively unified with Pest and Óbuda to form modern Budapest.

Royal Buda is called the Várnegyed (lit. 'Castle Quarter') today, while "Buda" pars pro toto denotes Budapest's I., II., III., XI., XII. and XXII. districts. This colloquial definition thus includes medieval Óbuda and amounts to a third of the city's total area, much of it forested. Buda's landmarks include the Royal Palace, Matthias Church, the Citadella, Gellért Baths, the Buda Hills, the Carmelite Monastery of Buda, and the residence of the President of Hungary, Sándor Palace.
Maskinongé (provincial electoral district)
Maskinongé (French pronunciation: [maskinɔ̃ʒe] ⓘ) is a provincial electoral district in the Mauricie region of Quebec which elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec. It notably includes parts of the city of Trois-Rivières, as well as the municipalities of Louiseville, Saint-Boniface, Saint-Étienne-des-Grès and Saint-Alexis-des-Monts.

It was created for the 1867 election, and an electoral district of that name existed even earlier: see Maskinongé (Province of Canada).

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, its border with the Trois-Rivières electoral district was adjusted, resulting in simultaneously gaining and losing different parts of the city of Trois-Rivières.

In the change from the 2011 to the 2017 electoral map, the riding will gain Saint-Boniface and Saint-Mathieu-du-Parc from Saint-Maurice while losing the neighbourhood of Terasse-Duvernay in Trois-Rivières to the riding of Trois-Rivières.

Louiseville
Louiseville (French pronunciation: [lwizvil] ⓘ) is a town in the Mauricie region of the province of Quebec in Canada. It is located near the mouth of the 'Rivière-du-Loup', on the north shore of Lac Saint-Pierre.

Louiseville is twinned with Soissons in France and Cerfontaine in Belgium.
South Dravidian languages
South Dravidian (also called "South Dravidian I") is one of the four major branches of the Dravidian languages family. It includes the literary languages Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Tulu, as well as several non-literary languages such as Badaga, Irula, Kota, Kurumba, Toda and Kodava.

Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu (South Dravidian II or South-Central Dravidian) are recognized among the official languages of India and are spoken mainly in South India. All four are officially recognized as classical languages by the Government of India, along with Sanskrit and Odia.

Badaga language
Badaga (IPA: [bɐɖɐɡɐ]) is a southern Dravidian language spoken by the Badaga people of the Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu. The language is closely related to the   Kannada language with influence from the Tamil language. Of all the tribal languages spoken in Nilgiris (Badaga, Toda language, Kota language (India)), Badaga is the most spoken 
language.
Underwater cutting and welding
Underwater cutting and welding are metalworking techniques used by underwater divers in underwater construction, marine salvage and clearance diving applications. Most underwater welding is direct current wet stick welding, and most underwater metal cutting is immersed oxygen-arc and shielded metal-arc cutting, though other technologies are available and sometimes used. These processes are mostly applied to steel structures as that is the most common arc-weldable material used in the underwater environment.

Clearance diver
A clearance diver was originally a specialist naval diver who used explosives underwater to remove obstructions to make harbours and shipping channels safe to navigate, but the term "clearance diver" was later used to include other naval underwater work. Units of clearance divers were first formed during and after World War II to clear ports and harbours in the Mediterranean and Northern Europe of unexploded ordnance and shipwrecks and booby traps laid by the Germans.
Nikon 1 Nikkor VR 10-100mm f/4.5-5.6 PD-Zoom
The Nikon 1 Nikkor VR 10-100 mm f/4.5-5.6 PD-Zoom for the 1 series' unique CX format (crop factor 2.7) is a Superzoom lens manufactured by Nikon, introduced in September 2011 for use on Nikon CX format mirrorless interchangeable-lens cameras.

It integrates a high amount of technologies: 21 elements in 14 groups including 1 High Refractive Index (HRI), 3 Extra-low Dispersion (ED) and 2 aspherical lenses, Super Integrated Coating (SIC), internal focusing (IF) with world's fastest quiet ultra-fast Voice Coil motor (VCM), silent 3-speed PD-Zoom, Vibration Reduction (VR II), retractable lens mechanism and 7 rounded diaphragm blades.

Together with the Canon EF 28-300mm lens it is the only current superzoom with 20 elements or more. There's no distance scale and it doesn't feature an aperture ring.

Superzoom
A superzoom or ultrazoom lens is a type of photographic zoom lens with unconventionally large focal length factors, typically ranging from wide angle to extreme long lens focal lengths in one lens. There is no clear definition of a superzoom lens, but the name generally covers lenses that have a range well above the 3× or 4× (e.g., 28-85 mm or 70-210 mm) of a standard zoom lens, with lenses being 10×, 12×, 18×, or above considered superzoom.

Advantages of a superzoom lens include compositional flexibility, reduced need to swap lenses, and enhanced portability by consolidating the functionality of multiple lenses into one. Due to trade-offs in the optical design, superzoom lenses are noted for having poorer optical quality at the extreme ends of their zoom ranges, often due to distortion. The longer focal lengths are usually accompanied by optical image stabilization in order to be usable handheld.
Haplocheirus
Haplocheirus (/ˌhæplʊuˈkəirəs/, from Ancient Greek ἁπλός (haplós), meaning "simple", and χείρ (kheír), meaning "hand") is an extinct genus of theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Shishugou Formation of Xinjiang in China. It is generally considered to be an alvarezsauroid, although some researchers have questioned this assignment. The genus contains a single species, H. sollers, which is known from a mostly complete skeleton including the skull.

The quality of the preservation in the only known specimen of Haplocheirus is near-perfect and preserves the animal in three dimensions. This makes Haplocheirus one of the most well-known Jurassic coelurosaurs from anywhere in the world. The specimen has been relatively well-studied in comparison with other comparable taxa like Zuolong or Guanlong, which has allowed researchers to gain insights into the evolution of maniraptorans as well as the sensory capabilities, diet, and ontogeny of primitive coelurosaurs.

Shishugou Formation
The Shishugou Formation (simplified Chinese: 石树沟组; traditional Chinese: 石樹溝組; pinyin: Shíshùgōu Zǔ) is a geological formation in Xinjiang, China.

Its strata date back to the Late Jurassic period. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. The Shishugou Formation is considered one of the most phylogenetically and trophically diverse Middle to Late Jurassic theropod fauna.

The Wucaiwan Member, once considered a separate, underlying formation, is now considered the lowest unit of the Shishugou Formation.
Baker Bowl
National League Park, commonly referred to as the Baker Bowl after 1923, was a baseball stadium home to the Philadelphia Phillies from 1887 until 1938, and the first home field of the Philadelphia Eagles from 1933 to 1935. It opened in 1887 with a capacity of 12,500. It burned down in 1894 and was rebuilt in 1895 as the first ballpark constructed primarily of steel and brick and with a cantilevered upper deck.

The ballpark's first base line ran parallel to Huntingdon Street; right field to center field parallel to North Broad Street; center field to left field parallel to Lehigh Avenue; and the third base line parallel to 15th Street. The stadium was demolished in 1950.

Cantilever
A cantilever is a structural element that is firmly attached to a fixed structure at one end and is unsupported at the other end. Sometimes it projects from a vertical surface such as a wall. A cantilever can be in the form of a beam, plate, truss, or slab.

When subjected to a structural load at its far, unsupported end, the cantilever carries the load to the support where it applies a shear stress and a bending moment.

Cantilever construction allows overhanging structures without external support.
United States Open Cup for Arena Soccer
The United States Open for Arena Soccer is a cup-style tournament for all Major Arena Soccer League, MASL2, MASL3 and Premier Arena Soccer League teams. Established in 2008, the PASL announced they would hold the first tournament for indoor soccer open to all leagues and/or existing teams.

Major Arena Soccer League
The Major Arena Soccer League (MASL) is a professional indoor soccer league in North America. The MASL features teams playing coast-to-coast in the United States and Mexico. The league is the highest level of arena soccer in North America. The league draws talent from a global talent pool with players from Major League Soccer (MLS), Liga MX, and many national teams. With a new management team, the league has grown in popularity and commercially. Former USMNT and MLS star Landon Donovan played in the MASL, as do multiple international players.
Al Centro de la Ciudad
Al Centro de la Ciudad (To the Center of Town) is the third album released by Colombian singer/composer Carlos Vives, released on June 6, 1989.

Vives was better known as a star of television soap operas at the time of its release. Songs such as "Aventurera" and "Te Extrañare" on telenovelas would give Vives further mainstream exposure, as well as notable attention from the public. It is his final album to feature synthesizer-romantic ballads, and pop, predating his Clásicos de la Provincia breakthrough in the vallenato genre.

Clásicos de la Provincia
Clásicos de la Provincia (Classics from the Province) is the sixth album by Colombian singer-songwriter Carlos Vives. Released in Colombia in late 1993, and internationally on February 22, 1994, the album is a collection of Colombian vallenato classics. The album made Vives a superstar in Colombia and was his breakthrough in the vallenato genre.

The album sold over 1.4 million copies in Colombia, and 3 million copies worldwide in its first 6 months of being released. Worldwide copies stands at 4 million.
Peppermint Lounge
The Peppermint Lounge was a popular discotheque located at 128 West 45th Street in New York City that was open from 1958 to 1965, although a new one was opened in 1980. It was the launchpad for the global Twist craze in the early 1960s. Many claim The Peppermint Lounge was also where go-go dancing originated, although this claim is subject to dispute.

Go-go dancing
Go-go dancers are dancers who are employed to entertain crowds at nightclubs or other venues where music is played. Go-go dancing originated in the early 1960s at the French bar Whisky a Gogo, located in the town of Juan-les-Pins. The French bar then licensed its name to the West Hollywood rock club Whisky a Go Go, which opened in January 1964 and chose the name to reflect the already popular craze of go-go dancing. Many 1960s-era nightclub dancers wore short, fringed skirts and high boots which eventually came to be called go-go boots. Nightclub promoters in the mid‑1960s then conceived the idea of hiring women dressed in these outfits to entertain patrons.