hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ignacy Władysław Ledóchowski
Count Ignacy Władysław Ledóchowski (25 May 1867, Strelniki – 3 March 1932, Warsaw) was an architect and civil engineer who worked in Kyiv at the beginning of the 20th century. Alongside architect Vladislav Gorodetsky, he is considered one of the "fathers of Kyiv's Art Nouveau." All his building designs were executed in the Art Nouveau style, characterized by a bright and recognizable architectural signature. Ignacy's architectural journey began with his graduation from  Ghent University and the Technical Academy in Lviv. His move to Kyiv marked the start of a prolific period in his career, where he established himself as a prominent architect, known for his distinct Art Nouveau style. Among his notable works are the Kachkovsky Clinic and the Kozarovsky Mansion, both of which reflect his mature and European-influenced architectural approach.After World War I, he emigrated to Poland.

Władysław Horodecki
Władysław Horodecki (born Leszek Dezydery Horodecki; Russian: Владислав Владиславович Городецкий; Ukrainian: Владислав Владиславович Городецький; June 4 [O.S. May 23] 1863 – January 3, 1930) was a Polish architect active in the Russian Empire and later in the Second Polish Republic. He is best known for his contributions in the urban development of Kyiv, with buildings such as the House with Chimaeras, the St. Nicholas Roman Catholic Cathedral, the Karaite Kenesa, and the National Art Museum of Ukraine.

In Kyiv, Horodecki often worked along with a sculptor from Milan, Emilio Sala, who was an instructor at the Kyiv City College.
Biathlon at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's pursuit
The women's 10 km pursuit biathlon competition of the Sochi 2014 Olympics was held at Laura Biathlon & Ski Complex on 11 February 2014.

In the pursuit competition, the competitors start times were determined according to the results of the Women's sprint held two days earlier, with the sprint champion Anastasiya Kuzmina starting first. None of the sprint medalists won a medal in the pursuit. Instead, Darya Domracheva of Belarus became the champion, with Tora Berger of Norway winning the silver medal, and Teja Gregorin of Slovenian winning the bronze. Gregorin's medal became the first ever medal of Slovenia in biathlon.

Biathlon at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's sprint
The Women's 7.5 km sprint biathlon competition of the Sochi 2014 Olympics took place at Laura Biathlon & Ski Complex on 9 February 2014. It was won by Anastasiya Kuzmina from Slovakia, who was the defending champion. Olga Vilukhina from Russia won the silver medal, and Vita Semerenko from Ukraine won the bronze. Semerenko had competed in this event at the Olympics but never previously won an Olympic medal.
Galium uliginosum
Galium uliginosum or fen bedstraw is a plant species of the genus Galium. It is widespread across most of Europe as well as Morocco, Western Siberia, Turkey, Kazakhstan and Xinjiang. It is reportedly naturalized in New Zealand, Greenland and the Crozet Islands.

Galium uliginosum is a component of purple moor grass and rush pastures – a type of Biodiversity Action Plan habitat in the UK. It occurs on poorly drained neutral and acidic soils of the lowlands and upland fringe. It is found in the South West of England, especially in Devon.

Galium uliginosum is easily confused with marsh bedstraw, Galium palustre, but is distinguished from this species by having bristly edges on its leaves, and not turning black when it dries out. The leaves are arranged in whorls of 6 to 10 around the stem, which is a characteristic feature of the bedstraw genus Galium.

Galium
Galium is a large genus of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the family Rubiaceae, occurring in the temperate zones of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Some species are informally known as bedstraw.

Over 600 species of Galium are described, with estimates of 629 to 650 as of 2013. The field madder, Sherardia arvensis, is a close relative and may be confused with a tiny bedstraw. Asperula is also a closely related genus; some species of Galium (such as woodruff, G. odoratum) are occasionally placed therein.
Laments (Kochanowski)
The Laments (also Lamentations or Threnodies; Polish: Treny, originally spelled Threny) is a series of nineteen threnodies (elegies) written in Polish by Jan Kochanowski and published in 1580. They are a high point of Polish Renaissance literature, and one of Kochanowski's signal achievements.

Elegy
An elegy is a poem of serious reflection, and in English literature usually a lament for the dead. However, according to The Oxford Handbook of the Elegy, "for all of its pervasiveness ... the 'elegy' remains remarkably ill defined: sometimes used as a catch-all to denominate texts of a somber or pessimistic tone, sometimes as a marker for textual monumentalizing, and sometimes strictly as a sign of a lament for the dead".
Nicholas Katzenbach
Nicholas deBelleville Katzenbach (January 17, 1922 – May 8, 2012) was an American lawyer who served as United States Attorney General during the Lyndon B. Johnson administration. He had previously served as United States Deputy Attorney General under President John F. Kennedy.

United States Deputy Attorney General
The United States deputy attorney general is the second-highest-ranking official in the United States Department of Justice and oversees the day-to-day operation of the department. The deputy attorney general acts as attorney general during the absence of the attorney general.

The deputy attorney general is a political appointee of the president of the United States and takes office after confirmation by the United States Senate. The position was created in 1950.
L G Hawkins & Co Ltd
L G Hawkins & Co was a British company which manufactured small electrical domestic appliances. The company was founded by Leonard George Hawkins in 1913 in London. Initially Leonard George Hawkins imported domestic electrical products from the USA under the ‘Universal’ brand name.

The company was acquired in 1939 by the electronics company Pye which would later became Philips Small Domestic Appliances Product Division, which was closed down in 1998.

Pye (electronics company)
Pye Ltd was an electronics company founded in 1896 in Cambridge, England, as a manufacturer of scientific instruments. The company merged with EKCO in 1960. Philips of the Netherlands acquired a majority shareholding in 1967, and later gained full ownership.
Silobela
Silobela is an agricultural Resettlement in Kwekwe District  in the Midlands Province of Zimbabwe.  It is located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) west of Kwekwe town, 80 kilometres (50 mi) north-west of Gweru town, and bordering Nkayi on the west.

Kwekwe
Kwekwe (/ˈkwɛkwɛ/ KWEH-kweh), formerly known as Que Que, is a city in the Midlands province in central Zimbabwe. The city has a population of 119,863 within the city limits, as of the 2022 census, making it the 7th-largest city in Zimbabwe and the second-most populous city in the Midlands, behind Gweru.
Special session of the Parliament of India
A special session in the Indian Parliament is a period when MPs gather to conduct legislative business outside of their usual sessions.

The calendar of events for the legislature in India is not fixed. Parliament usually convenes three times a year, with the budget session in beginning of calendar year, the monsoon session during the mid-year and the winter session at the end of calendar year. The government can call additional sessions besides these; the Cabinet Committee on Parliamentary Affairs decides on calling special sessions.

Parliament House, New Delhi
Parliament House (ISO: Saṁsada Bhavana) in New Delhi is the seat of the Parliament of India. It houses the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, which are lower and upper houses respectively in India's bicameral parliament. It is located on Rafi Marg in Central Vista, the central administrative area in New Delhi. It is located to the east of the Old Parliament House, amongst the other administrative buildings of the Indian government.

The Old Parliament House was constructed in 1927. Proposals for a new parliament building to replace the old one emerged in the early 2010s due to the ageing of the old building. In 2019, the proposal to construct a new parliament building was unveiled by the Government of India as part of the Central Vista Redevelopment Project. It was inaugurated on 28 May 2023 by prime minister Narendra Modi. The new building was first used for official business on 19 September 2023 during a special session of the parliament.
Battle of Mulhouse (1674)
The Battle of Mulhouse took place on 29 December 1674 in Alsace, part of Turenne's Winter Campaign during the Franco-Dutch War. It was fought by the French army under Turenne and part of Alexander von Bournonville's Imperial army commanded by Hermann of Baden-Baden.

Following the inconclusive Battle of Entzheim on 4 October, the Imperial army took up winter quarters around Colmar. Rather than doing the same, Turenne split up his army and traveled through the Vosges Mountains before reforming it near Belfort. Taken by surprise, Bournonville sent Hermann to hold Mulhouse, where he was attacked and defeated by Turenne on 29 December. Another French victory at the Battle of Turckheim on 5 January 1675 forced the Imperials to withdraw from Alsace.

Battle of Entzheim
The Battle of Entzheim  took place on 4 October 1674, during the 1672 to 1678 Franco-Dutch War. It was fought near the town of Entzheim, south of Strasbourg in Alsace, between a French army under Turenne, and an Imperial force commanded by Alexander von Bournonville.

In this campaign, Turenne compensated for being outnumbered by his aggression and vastly superior logistics, which allowed him to move fast and keep his opponents off balance. Despite a strong defensive position and vastly superior numbers, Bournonville decided to retreat after a series of French assaults.

Although Turenne incurred losses that were significantly higher as a percentage of his army, he prevented Bournonville invading Eastern France and the battle is generally regarded as inconclusive. However, the French established a psychological advantage, setting the scene for Turenne's Winter Campaign, often viewed as his greatest military achievement.
Pai Tzu-li
Pai Tzu-li  (pinyin: Bai Zili) was a Chinese Muslim general of the 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army), who served under Generals Ma Zhongying and Ma Hushan. He was the secretary to Ma Zhongying and his age was estimated to be about 40. He was then chief of staff to General Ma Hushan and persuaded him to attack Kashgar in 1937.

On September 1, 1937, Pai withdrew to Karghalik at the head of the Tungan 1st brigade. On the 7th of September, Pai, along with Ma Ju-lung and Ma Hushan deserted their men and fled across the mountains to India.

Pai was said to have been shot on the road by Ma Hushan, and did not reach India.

Ma Hushan
Ma Hushan (Xiao'erjing: ﻣَﺎ ﺧُﻮْ شً, traditional Chinese: 馬虎山; simplified Chinese: 马虎山; pinyin: Mǎ Hǔshān; 1910 – 1954) was a Chinese Muslim warlord and the brother-in-law and follower of Ma Zhongying, a Dungan/Hui Ma Clique warlord. He ruled over an area of Southern Xinjiang, called Tunganistan by Westerners (as the Hui were then known as 'Tunganis'), from 1934 to 1937. Locals sometimes referred to him as padishah (lit. 'king').
Darker Than the Light That Never Bleeds
"Darker Than the Light That Never Bleeds" (also known as "Darker Than the Light That Never Bleeds (Chester Forever Steve Aoki Remix)") is a mashup remix song by American electro house musician Steve Aoki. Remixing and mashing up the songs "A Light That Never Comes" and "Darker Than Blood", both of which were collaboratively written and recorded by Linkin Park and Aoki, it is a tribute by Aoki to Linkin Park's late lead singer Chester Bennington following his death. It was released as a single on September 8, 2017.

Darker Than Blood
"Darker Than Blood" (working title: "Horizons") is a song written and recorded by American musician Steve Aoki, featuring the vocals of American rock band Linkin Park. It is the second collaboration between them, after A Light That Never Comes (2013), and is included on Aoki's third studio album, Neon Future II. The single was available for pre-order on Amazon.com. A half-minute promo of the song was made available by both Aoki and the band. The single debuted on Twitch on April 13, 2015. It was released as the second single from Neon Future II on April 14, 2015.
Aizu Domain
Aizu Domain (会津藩, Aizu-han) was a domain of the Tokugawa Shogunate of Japan during the Edo period from 1601 to 1871.

The Aizu Domain was based at Tsuruga Castle in Mutsu Province, the core of the modern city of Aizuwakamatsu, located in the Tōhoku region of the island of Honshu. The Aizu Domain was ruled for most of its existence by the shinpan daimyō of the Aizu-Matsudaira clan, a local cadet branch of the ruling Tokugawa clan, but was briefly ruled by the tozama daimyō of the Gamō and Katō clans. The Aizu Domain was assessed under the Kokudaka system with a peak value of 919,000 koku, but this was reduced to 230,000 koku. The Aizu Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 by the Meiji government and its territory was absorbed into Fukushima Prefecture, covering much of the traditional region of Aizu.

Matsudaira clan
The Matsudaira clan (松平氏, Matsudaira-shi) was a Japanese samurai clan that descended from the Minamoto clan. It originated in and took its name from Matsudaira village, in Mikawa Province (modern-day Aichi Prefecture).  During the Sengoku period, the chieftain of the main line of the Matsudaira clan, Matsudaira Motoyasu became a powerful regional daimyo under Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi and changed his name to Tokugawa Ieyasu. He subsequently seized power as the first shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan during the Edo period until the Meiji Restoration of 1868. Under the Tokugawa shogunate, many cadet branches of the clan retained the Matsudaira surname, and numerous new branches were formed in the decades after Ieyasu. Some of those branches were also of daimyō status.

After the Meiji Restoration and the abolition of the han system, the Tokugawa and Matsudaira clans became part of the new kazoku nobility.
Ivor Norris
Christianity portal

Ivor Arthur Norris (9 July 1901 – 24 January 1969) was the second Bishop of Brandon.

He was born in Willesden Green and educated at St John's College, Winnipeg and King's College London and ordained in 1926. He began his career as Curate of All Saints, Winnipeg after which he held incumbencies in Russell and Neepawa. From 1947 to 1950 he was Archdeacon of Brandon when he became its diocesan bishop, the Bishop of Brandon – a post he held until his death. He had become a Doctor of Divinity (DD).

Diocese of Brandon
The Diocese of Brandon is a diocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of the Northern Lights of the Anglican Church of Canada. It has an area of 170,000 square kilometres (65,000 sq mi). Its cathedral is St. Matthew's Cathedral in Brandon, which was established in 1952.

The first synod of the diocese of Brandon was held on 24 June 1924. St Matthew's church in Brandon was declared a pro-cathedral in May, 1945 and upgraded to full cathedral status on October 5, 1952. The then rector of St Matthew's, B.O. Whitfield, was appointed the first Dean of Brandon in 1957.
Rhombitrihexagonal tiling
In geometry, the rhombitrihexagonal tiling is a semiregular tiling of the Euclidean plane. There are one triangle, two squares, and one hexagon on each vertex. It has Schläfli symbol of rr{3,6}.

John Conway calls it a rhombihexadeltille. It can be considered a cantellated by Norman Johnson's terminology or an expanded hexagonal tiling by Alicia Boole Stott's operational language.

There are three regular and eight semiregular tilings in the plane.

Hexagonal tiling
In geometry, the hexagonal tiling or hexagonal tessellation is a regular tiling of the Euclidean plane, in which exactly three hexagons meet at each vertex. It has Schläfli symbol of {6,3}  or t{3,6}  (as a truncated triangular tiling).

English mathematician John Conway called it a hextille.

The internal angle of the hexagon is 120 degrees, so three hexagons at a point make a full 360 degrees. It is one of three regular tilings of the plane. The other two are the triangular tiling and the square tiling.
Cecil Brooks III
Cecil Brooks III (born 1959) is an American jazz drummer and record producer who has worked with Arthur Blythe, Russell Gunn, John Hicks, Andrew Hill, Etta Jones, Houston Person, Roseanna Vitro, Hannibal Lokumbe, and Jimmy Ponder.

A native of the Homewood neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Brooks released a number of albums for Muse and Savant. The jazz club that he started in West Orange NJ – Cecil's – closed in 2012 after 10 years.

Houston Person
Houston Person (born November 10, 1934) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist and record producer. Although he has performed in the hard bop and swing genres, he is most experienced in and best known for his work in soul jazz. He received the "Eubie Blake Jazz Award" in 1982.
SN 1996ah
SN 1996ah was a supernova located in the spiral galaxy NGC 5640 in the constellation of Camelopardalis. It was discovered on June 6, 1996, by American astronomer Jean Mueller, who was using the 1.2-m Oschin Schmidt telescope in the course of the second Palomar Sky Survey.

SN 1996ah had magnitude about 18 and was located 5" west and 1" south of the center of NGC 5640. It was classified as type Ia supernova.

Camelopardalis
Camelopardalis is a large but faint constellation of the northern sky representing a giraffe. The constellation was introduced in 1612 or 1613 by Petrus Plancius. Some older astronomy books give Camelopardalus or Camelopardus as alternative forms of the name, but the version recognized by the International Astronomical Union matches the genitive form, seen suffixed to most of its brighter stars.
Susan Hammond Barney
Susan Hammond Barney (née, Hammond; November 24, 1834 – April 29, 1922) was an American social activist and evangelist. She was the founder of the Prisoners' Aid Society of Rhode Island, and due to her efforts, police matrons were secured for the station houses of large cities. She worked with the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society, and was the first president of the Rhode Island Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). She was instrumental in making prohibition a constitutional enactment in Rhode Island in 1886. Barney is best remembered as the WCTU's National Superintendent of Prison, Jail, Police, and Almshouse Visitation. Her wide sympathies and ministries earned her the title of "The Prisoner's Friend." It was Barney's desire to become a foreign Christian missionary, but, due to ill-health, she was not able to pursue this career; nonetheless, her first public speaking was done in the interest of the Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church
Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church (acronym WFMS of the MEC) was one of three Methodist organizations in the United States focused on women's foreign missionary services; the two others were the WFMS of the Free Methodist Church of North America and the WFMS of the Methodist Protestant Church.

The WFMS of the MEC was founded in the Tremont Street Methodist Episcopal Church, in Boston, Massachusetts, March 1869, and incorporated under the laws of the State of New York in 1884. Its fields of operation included: Europe (Bulgaria, Italy, France); Latin America (Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Uruguay); Asia (Malaysia, China, Korea, India, Japan, The Philippines); and Africa (Algeria, Angola, Portuguese East Africa, Rhodesia, Tunis).
Addilal
Addilal is a tabia or municipality in the Dogu'a Tembien district of the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. The tabia centre is in Addilal village, located approximately 19 km (12 mi) to the east of the woreda town Hagere Selam.

Hagere Selam (Degua Tembien)
Hagere Selam (Tigrinya: ሃገረ ሰላም) is a town in northern Ethiopia. Located on the Mekelle-Abiy Addi regional road, it is located at an elevation of 2650 metres above sea level. The town is the administrative center of the Dogu'a Tembien woreda. The weekly market is on Saturdays.

Hagere Selam is located on the saddle point between two of the higher points in Tigray (Imba Zuw'ala and Tsatsen). The regional road from Mekelle to Abiy Addi climbs towards Hagere Selam, before going down to the Abergele lowlands. The area is categorized as highland or dega. The local economy is dependent on trading, agriculture, with barley being the main crop grown in the area, and on milk production and apiculture.
Redfield, Bristol
Redfield is an area situated in East Bristol though it is represented in Westminster as part of the Bristol East constituency. It includes the stretch of Church Road (A420) from Verrier Road to the western boundary of St George's Park, Victorian-era landscaped parkland. It is adjacent to the neighbourhoods of Barton Hill and Russell Town to the South, St George to the East, Whitehall to the North and Lawrence Hill to the West and Pile Marsh to the South-East.

Barton Hill, Bristol
Barton Hill is an area of Bristol, just to the east of the city centre and Bristol Temple Meads railway station.

It includes residential, retail and industrial premises and is crossed by major roads, railway tracks and the feeder canal leading to Bristol Harbour.
Yvonne Jones
Yvonne Jean Jones  (born March 15, 1968) is a Canadian politician in Newfoundland and Labrador, who served in the House of Commons of Canada from 2013 to 2025. She represented the district of Labrador as a member of the Liberal Party caucus. On December 2, 2015, she was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Indigenous and Northern Affairs. Jones is a NunatuKavummiut, a group of Indigenous Canadians, who claim the disputed area of NunatuKavut. She did not seek re-election in 2025.

From 1996 to 2013, Jones represented the district of Cartwright-L'Anse au Clair in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly. During her career in provincial politics, she served as Minister of Fisheries in Premier Roger Grimes' government, and later as a leader of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador and Leader of the Official Opposition.

Roger Grimes
Roger D. Grimes CM (born May 2, 1950) is a Canadian politician from Newfoundland and Labrador. Grimes was born and raised in the central Newfoundland town of Grand Falls-Windsor.

Grimes is a former leader of the province's Liberal Party and was its eighth premier from February 2001 until November 2003.

A teacher by profession, Grimes was elected president of the Newfoundland and Labrador Teachers’ Association in 1985, a position he held for two years.
Najash
Najash is an extinct genus of basal snake from the Late Cretaceous Candeleros Formation of Patagonia. Like a number of other Cretaceous and living snakes it retained hindlimbs, but Najash is unusual in having well-developed legs that extend outside the rib cage, and a pelvis connected to the spine.

Candeleros Formation
The Candeleros Formation is a geologic formation that crops out in the Río Negro, Neuquén, and Mendoza provinces of northern Patagonia, Argentina. It is the oldest formation in the Neuquén Group and belongs to the Rio Limay Subgroup. Formerly that subgroup was treated as a formation, and the Candeleros Formation was known as the Candeleros Member.