hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mandu Assembly constituency
Mandu Assembly constituency   is an assembly constituency in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Also one of the 81 assembly constituencies of Jharkhand, Mandu belongs to Hazaribagh parliamentary constituency.

State legislative assemblies of India
The State Legislative Assembly, also known as the Vidhan Sabha or the Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in each of the states and certain union territories of India. Members of the legislative assembly are often directly elected to serve five year terms from single-member constituencies. A legislative assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the governor on request of the chief minister of the respective state or union territory, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.
Ikenga (novel)
Ikenga is a 2020 middle grade fantasy novel by Nigerian American writer Nnedi Okorafor. It is Okorafor's first book to feature male protagonist and was nominated for the 2021 Edgar Awards. The novel follows Nnamdi, a boy who can access superhuman powers with the help of the Ikenga.

Edgar Awards
The Edgar Allan Poe Awards, popularly called the Edgars, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America which is based in New York City. Named after American writer Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849), a pioneer in the genre, the awards honor the best in mystery fiction, non-fiction, television, film, and theater published or produced in the previous year.
Otto Krueger (politician)
Otto Gottlieb Krueger (September 7, 1890 – June 6, 1963) was a North Dakota politician who served as the North Dakota State Treasurer and the North Dakota Insurance Commissioner at different periods during the 1940s. He later served as a U.S. Representative from his state in the 1950s.

North Dakota Insurance Commissioner
The North Dakota insurance commissioner regulates the insurance industry in North Dakota, United States, licenses insurance professionals in the state, educates consumers about different types of insurance, and handles consumer complaints. The current insurance commissioner is Jon Godfread who was elected in 2016.
J. K. Schaffer
Jerome Kyle "J. K." Schaffer (born June 10, 1990) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Cincinnati Bearcats. He signed as an undrafted free agent with the Jaguars in 2012 and has also played for the Cincinnati Bengals.

Cincinnati Bearcats football
The Cincinnati Bearcats football team represents the University of Cincinnati in college football. They compete at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level as members of the Big 12 Conference. They have played their home games in historic and renovated Nippert Stadium since 1924. The Bearcats have an all-time record of over .500, having reached their 600th program victory in 2017.
Beatriz Bezerra
Beatriz Bezerra (born 1 March 2006) is a Brazilian competitive swimmer. At the 2022 World Junior Championships, she won silver medals in the 50-metre butterfly and 100-metre butterfly and a bronze medal in the 4×100-metre freestyle relay. She is a five-time gold medalist and one-time silver medalist at the 2022 South American Youth Games.

2022 FINA World Junior Swimming Championships
The 8th FINA World Junior Swimming Championships was held from 30 August to 4 September 2022 at the Videna Aquatic Center in Lima, Peru. It was open to competition for girls ages 14 to 17 years old and boys ages 15 to 18 years old at the end of the 2022 calendar year. All events were conducted in a 50-metre (long course) pool.

Originally the competition was planned for 24–29 August 2021, however the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in its postponement to 24–29 August 2022. In April 2022, FINA announced a change of dates as well as a change host from Kazan, Russia to Lima, Peru due to the 2022 Russia invasion of Ukraine. The same month, FINA announced athletes and officials from Belarus and Russia were banned from the Championships.
Ron English (American football)
Ronald Everett English (born May 21, 1968) is an American football coach and former player. He was most recently the defensive coordinator and defensive backs coach at the University of Louisville . English also served as the head football coach at Eastern Michigan University from 2009 to 2013, compiling a record of 11–46.

Louisville Cardinals football
The Louisville Cardinals football team represents the University of Louisville in the sport of American football. The Cardinals compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and compete in the Atlantic Coast Conference.
Doreen Bogdan-Martin
Doreen Bogdan-Martin (born 1966) is an international civil servant and current Secretary-General of the International Telecommunication Union. She was elected at the 2022 ITU Plenipotentiary Conference in Bucharest, and as the first woman in the 157-year history of the ITU to become the Secretary-General. Previously, she was the first woman to become an Elected Official of the ITU, as the Director of the Telecommunication Development Bureau of the ITU (the Secretariat of ITU-D).

ITU-D
The ITU Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU-D) is one of the three sectors (divisions or units) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU); it is responsible for creating policies, regulation and providing training programs and financial strategies in developing countries.

Created in 1992, its secretariat is the Bureau de développement des télécommunications (BDT), known in English as the Telecommunication Development Bureau.
Paballo Koza
Paballo Koza (born March 19, 2002) is a South African  actor, influencer, entrepreneur and tv presenter. He is best known for his notable roles in Mzansi Magic popular telenovela series as Khaya in The Queen and Housekeeper as Mtho. He began acting at age 5 and later received an Africa Movie Academy Award nomination for Best Young Actor for his starring role in Dora's Peace.

Africa Movie Academy Awards
The Africa Movie Academy Awards (AMMA) is an annual entertainment award ceremony, presented to recognize excellence among African and non-African professionals, who have contributed to the African film industry. The award was founded by Peace Anyiam-Osigwe currently run by the Africa Film Academy. It is regarded as one of Africa's most notable film events, and have been sometimes referenced as the "African Oscars".
Sharngadhara-paddhati
Sharngadhara-paddhati (IAST: Śārṅgadharapaddhati, "Sharngadhara's Guidebook") is an anthology of Sanskrit-language short poems (subhashita) from India, compiled by Sharngadhara in 1363.

The text is notable for its account of Hatha Yoga, which it categorizes into two types: Gorakhnath's Hatha Yoga with six limbs and Markandeya's Hatha Yoga with eight limbs.

Ashtanga (eight limbs of yoga)
Ashtanga yoga (Sanskrit: अष्टाङ्गयोग, romanized: aṣṭāṅgayoga, "eight limbs of yoga") is Pātañjali's classification of classical yoga, as set out in his Yoga Sūtras. He defined the eight limbs as yama (abstinences), niyama (observances), āsana (postures), prāṇāyāma (breath control), pratyāhāra (withdrawal of the senses), dhāraṇā (concentration), dhyāna (meditation), and samādhi (absorption).

The eight limbs form a sequence from the outer to the inner. The posture, asana, must be steady and comfortable for a long time, in order for the yogi to practice the limbs from prāṇāyāma until samādhi. The main aim is kaivalya, discernment of Puruṣa, the witness-conscious, as separate from Prakṛti, the cognitive apparatus, and disentanglement of Puruṣa from its muddled defilements.
Everette Harp
Everette Harp (born August 17, 1961, in Houston, Texas) is an American jazz saxophonist who has recorded for Blue Note,  Capitol and Shanachie Records. His album Jazz Funk Soul, a collaboration with Chuck Loeb and Jeff Lorber, received his first nomination for a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Instrumental Album at 57th Annual Grammy Awards.

Jeff Lorber
Jeffrey H. Lorber (born November 4, 1952) is an American keyboardist, composer, and record producer. After six previous nominations, Lorber won his first Grammy Award on January 28, 2018 for Best Contemporary Instrumental Album for Prototype by his band the Jeff Lorber Fusion.

Many of his songs have appeared on the Weather Channel's Local on the 8s segments and on the channel's compilation albums, The Weather Channel Presents: The Best of Smooth Jazz and The Weather Channel Presents: Smooth Jazz II. He was nominated for a Grammy Award for his album He Had a Hat (Blue Note, 2007)
MTR Metro Cammell EMU (DC)
The Metro-Cammell EMU (also known as M-Train or Modernisation Train, Chinese: 港鐵現代化列車) is the oldest type of electric multiple unit that operates on the MTR rapid transit railway system in Hong Kong. A total of 768 cars were built by Metro-Cammell in England (and its successor GEC-Alsthom, later known as Alstom) between 1977 and 1994, and refurbished from 1998 to 2001 by United Goninan (now UGL).

Alstom
Alstom SA (French: [alstɔm]) is a French multinational rail transport systems manufacturer. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, rail services, signalling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional and urban trains along with trams.

The company and its name (originally spelled Alsthom) were formed by a merger between the electric engineering division of Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (Als) and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston (thom) in 1928. Significant acquisitions later included the Constructions Électriques de France (1932), shipbuilder Chantiers de l'Atlantique (1976), and parts of ACEC (late 1980s).
Nanonet
A nanonet is a net with fibers on the scale of nanometers.  The net can be composed of carbon, metals, silicon, or peptides, such as nanonets composed of the defensin HD6. The word nanonet is also used in reference to a nanoscale communication network, which also uses key components on the scale of a hundred nanometers as officially defined in IEEE P1906.1.

IEEE P1906.1
The IEEE P1906.1 - Recommended Practice for Nanoscale and Molecular Communication Framework is a standards working group sponsored by the IEEE Communications Society Standards Development Board whose goal is to develop a common framework for nanoscale and molecular communication. Because this is an emerging technology, the standard is designed to encourage innovation by reaching consensus on a common definition, terminology, framework, goals, metrics, and use-cases that encourage innovation and enable the technology to advance at a faster rate. The draft passed an initial sponsor balloting with comments on January 2, 2015. The comments were addressed by the working group and the resulting draft ballot passed again on August 17, 2015. Finally, additional material regarding SBML was contributed and the final draft passed again on October 15, 2015. The draft standard was approved by IEEE RevCom in the final quarter of 2015.
Antti Peltonen
Antti Peltonen (born 22 April 1984) is a Finnish football coach and a former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He is currently working as a mental coach for Dutch club Heerenveen women, for Norwegian club Tromsø IL academy and for Finnish club SJK Seinäjoki.

SC Heerenveen (women)
SC Heerenveen Vrouwen is a Dutch women's football club based in Heerenveen that competes in the Vrouwen Eredivisie, the top league in the Netherlands.

Several top Dutch footballers, including Lieke Martens, Vivianne Miedema, and Sherida Spitse, have played for the club. The club peaked in the league table with a third place finish in the 2017–18 season.
Plastic Bag (film)
Plastic Bag is a 2009 American short film directed by Ramin Bahrani, who also co-wrote it with Jenni Jenkins and produced it with Adam Spielberg. The titular bag is voiced by German filmmaker Werner Herzog, while the film's score is composed by Icelandic musician Kjartan Sveinsson, best known as the keyboardist for rock band Sigur Rós.

Plastic Bag premiered as the opening night film of Corto Cortissimo in the Venice Film Festival. It later screened at Telluride and the New York Film Festival. The film is part of the Independent Television Service (ITVS) online series Futurestates and was produced by Noruz Films and Gigantic Pictures.

Telluride Film Festival
The Telluride Film Festival (TFF) is a film festival held annually in Telluride, Colorado, during Labor Day weekend (the first Monday in September). The 52nd edition took place on August 29 – September 1, 2025.
Jehan Chardavoine
Jehan Chardavoine (baptized on 2 February 1538 at Beaufort-en-Vallée, Anjou – died c. 1580) was a French Renaissance composer mostly active in Paris. He was one of the first known editors of popular chansons, and the author, according to musicologist Julien Tiersot, of "the only volume of monodic songs from the 16th century that has survived to our days."

Monody
In music, monody refers to a solo vocal style distinguished by having a single melodic line and instrumental accompaniment. Although such music is found in various cultures throughout history, the term is specifically applied to Italian song of the early 17th century, particularly the period from about 1600 to 1640. The term is used both for the style and for individual songs (so one can speak both of monody as a whole as well as a particular monody). The term itself is a recent invention of scholars. No composer of the 17th century ever called a piece a monody.  Compositions in monodic form might be called madrigals, motets, or even concertos (in the earlier sense of stile concertato, meaning "with instruments").

In poetry, the term monody has become specialized to refer to a poem in which one person laments another's death.  (In the context of ancient Greek literature, monody, μονῳδία, could simply refer to lyric poetry sung by a single performer, rather than by a chorus.)
Carmen Moore
Carmen Moore (born 24 December 1972) is a Canadian actress known for her work in television.

She is known for her role as Loreen Cassway on Arctic Air (for which she was nominated for a Leo Award in 2012) and the lead role of Leona Stoney, on the acclaimed series Blackstone (for which she has garnered five Leo nominations with three wins for Best Lead Performance and was nominated for a Gemini Award in 2011 and a Canadian Screen Award in 2017). She's also known for her role as Simone Cardinal on Godiva's for which she earned a 2006 Leo nomination.

Leo Awards
The Leo Awards are the awards program for the British Columbia film and television industry. Held each May or June in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, the Leo Awards were founded by the Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Foundation of British Columbia in 1999. Awards categories include but are not exclusive to live action, animated, adult dramatic, children's, documentary film, documentary television, feature films, short films.
Jam Kamal Khan
Jam Kamal Khan (Urdu: جام میر کمال خان علیانی; Sindhi: ڄام ڪمال خان علياڻي; born 1 January 1970) is a Pakistani politician who is currently serving as Federal Minister of Commerce since 11 March 2024. He also served as the 16th Chief Minister of Balochistan, between August 2018 and October 2021. He had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan from August 2018 till August 2023.

Previously, he was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from June 2013 to May 2018 and served as Minister of State for Petroleum and Natural Resources in the cabinet of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif from 2013 to 2017 and again from August 2017 to March 2018 in the cabinet of Prime Minister Shahid Khaqan Abbasi.

Chief Minister of Balochistan
The Chief Minister of Balochistan (Urdu: وزیر اعلیٰ بلوچستان) is the head of government of Balochistan, Pakistan. The chief minister leads the legislative branch of the Government of Balochistan,  and is elected by the Provincial Assembly. Given that he has the assembly's confidence, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits. Sarfraz Bugti is the current prime minister of Balochistan. The current Cabinet of Balochistan consists of 14 members
Ellagitannin
The ellagitannins are a diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins, a type of polyphenol formed primarily from the oxidative linkage of galloyl groups in 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl glucose. Ellagitannins differ from gallotannins, in that their galloyl groups are linked through C-C bonds, whereas the galloyl groups in gallotannins are linked by depside bonds.

Ellagitannins contain various numbers of hexahydroxydiphenoyl units, as well as galloyl units and/or sanguisorboyl units bounded to sugar moiety. In order to determine the quantity of every individual unit, the hydrolysis of the extracts with trifluoroacetic acid in methanol/water system is performed. Hexahydroxydiphenic acid, created after hydrolysis, spontaneously lactonized to ellagic acid, and sanguisorbic acid to sanguisorbic acid dilactone, while gallic acid remains intact.

Ellagitannins generally form macrocycles, whereas gallotannins do not.

Gallic acid
Gallic acid (also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a trihydroxybenzoic acid with the formula C6H2(OH)3CO2H. It is classified as a phenolic acid. It is found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants. It is a white solid, although samples are typically brown owing to partial oxidation.  Salts and esters of gallic acid are termed "gallates".

Its name is derived from oak galls, which were historically used to prepare tannic acid. Despite the name, gallic acid does not contain gallium.
Trapdoor mechanism
In firearms, a trapdoor is a form of breech-loading mechanism for rifles in which a hinged breechblock rotates up and forward, resembling the movement of a trapdoor. The Springfield models 1865 and 1873 were best known for first employing this type of action.

Breechblock
A breechblock (or breech block) is the part of the firearm action that closes the breech of a breech loading weapon (whether small arms or artillery) before or at the moment of firing. It seals the breech and contains the pressure generated by the ignited propellant. Retracting the breechblock allows the chamber to be loaded with a cartridge.

Breechblocks are categorised by the type or design of the mechanism by which it is locked or closed for firing. The firearm action more fully refers to the mechanism by which the operator actuates the opening and closing of the breech.
Daniel Pineda (fighter)
Daniel Pineda (born August 6, 1985) is an American former mixed martial artist who competed in the Featherweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional from 2007 to 2024, he also competed for the Professional Fighters League, Bellator, and EliteXC.

Bellator MMA
Bellator MMA (formerly Bellator Fighting Championships) was an American mixed martial arts promotion founded in 2008 by Bjorn Rebney and operated until 2025. The promotion takes its name from bellātor, the Latin word for "warrior". Bellator's first event was in 2009, and the promotion held 313 "numbered" events.

Bellator was considered the second largest MMA promotion in the United States, and one of the largest combat sport promotions in the world. Paramount Global (formerly Viacom) purchased majority ownership of Bellator from Rebney in 2011, with Paramount's television networks serving as the promotion's media broadcasters in the United States. On November 20, 2023, after then-broadcast home Showtime announced the discontinuation of its sports division, Bellator MMA was acquired by the Professional Fighters League (PFL).
Vanparys Confiserie
Vanparys Confiserie B.V. is a Belgian confectionery company founded in 1769 by Felix Vanparys in Brussels, near  Sablon, Belgium. The company produces chocolate and sugar-coated confections but specializes in dragées (sugar-coated chocolate and almonds), which features often in Christian and Islamic traditions and celebrations. The recipe and the preparation of its dragées, dates back over 125 years ago, and are still being continued today.

In 2012, Vanparys extended its selection of confections to include a range of chocolate-coated nuts, fruits, and coffee beans – as well as a variety of seasonal confectioneries such as praliné eggs and fondant chicks for Easter. Each season, Vanparys introduces a range of new colours to its palette.

Presently, the company is located in Evere, Brussels, and exports to many countries including the Netherlands, France, Luxembourg, the UK, Germany, Poland, China, Turkey, Tunisia, Japan, and Portugal.

Dragée
A dragée (/dræˈʒeɪ/ drazh-AY, UK also /ˈdrɑːʒeɪ/ DRAH-zhay, US also /drɑːˈʒeɪ/ drah-ZHAY; French: [dʁaʒe]) is a bite-sized piece of confectionery with a hard outer shell, which can be made of sugar, chocolate, or other ingredients. Dragées come in various shapes and sizes and are often used for decorative purposes, particularly in pastries and desserts. They are also popular as a type of candy, with the coating providing a sweet or flavorful contrast to the center.

Historically, dragées were sometimes made with medicinal ingredients, but today they are primarily enjoyed as a sweet treat. The term dragée is also used to refer to sugar-coated almonds, traditionally given as favors at weddings and other celebrations in many cultures.
Tamara Sinyavskaya
Tamara Ilyinichna Sinyavskaya (Russian: Тамара Ильинична Синявская; born 6 July 1943) is a Soviet and Russian mezzo-soprano from the Bolshoi Theatre.

She was awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR in 1982. In 1997, planet 4981 Sinyavskaya was named in her honor.

She was married to Soviet Azerbaijani singer Muslim Magomayev.

People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный артист СССР (Narodny artist SSSR), awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР (Narodny khudozhnik SSSR), granted in some visual arts.

As those titles were granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges and would often receive commissions from the Minister of Culture of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics (ASSRs), had a similar award that would be held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of People's Artist of the USSR.
S.L. Benfica (handball)
Sport Lisboa e Benfica (Portuguese pronunciation: [sɨˈpɔɾ liʒˈβoɐ i βɐ̃jˈfikɐ] ⓘ), commonly known as Benfica, is a professional handball team based in Lisbon, Portugal.

Benfica play in the top tier domestic league, Andebol 1, and hold home matches at the Pavilhão da Luz Nº 2. Since its inception in 1932, Benfica have won 7 Portuguese League titles, 6 Portuguese Cups, 2 Portuguese League Cups, and 7 Portuguese Super Cups. Internationally, Benfica won the EHF European League in 2021–22, becoming the first Portuguese club to win the competition.

In addition to the club's men's reserve team, Benfica B, playing in the second division, Benfica also has a women's team, who are the current Portuguese champions, having won 11 League titles, 9 Cups, 1 Federation Cup and 5 Super Cups.

Portuguese Handball Super Cup
Portuguese Handball Super Cup (Portuguese: Supertaça de Portugal de Andebol) is a professional handball competition played between the winners of the Liga Portuguesa de Andebol and the winners of the Cup, or against the finalist of the Cup if the same team win both competitions.

In the 2012–13 season, it was played by the top 4 teams in the Liga Portuguesa de Andebol of the previous year. Sporting CP are current holders of the competition winning the 2025 edition.