hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Acoustic wave
Acoustic waves are types of mechanical waves that propagate through matter—such as gas, liquid, and/or solids—by causing the particles of the medium to displace from their equilibrium positions. These waves carry energy and are characterized by properties like acoustic pressure, particle velocity, and acoustic intensity. The speed of an acoustic wave depends on the properties of the medium it travels through and on temperature; for example, it travels at approximately 343 meters per second in air, and 1480 meters per second in water. Acoustic waves encompass a broad range of phenomena, from audible sound to seismic waves and ultrasound, finding applications in diverse fields like acoustics, engineering, and medicine.

Reflection (physics)
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light, sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection (for example at a mirror) the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected.

In acoustics, reflection causes echoes and is used in sonar. In geology, it is important in the study of seismic waves. Reflection is observed with surface waves in bodies of water. Reflection is observed with many types of electromagnetic wave, besides visible light. Reflection of VHF and higher frequencies is important for radio transmission and for radar. Even hard X-rays and gamma rays can be reflected at shallow angles with special "grazing" mirrors.
Minced oath
A minced oath is a euphemistic expression formed by deliberately changing the spelling of, or replacing, part of a profane, blasphemous, or taboo word or phrase to remove the original term's objectionable characteristics. Also, a new term can be created from scratch.  The goal is to create a new term that expresses the same emotions but does not carry the same offensive denotative meaning.  An example is "gosh" for "God", or fudge for fuck.

Many languages have such expressions. In the English language, nearly all profanities have minced variants.

Fuck
Fuck (/fʌk/) is a profanity in the English language that often refers to the act of sexual intercourse, but is also commonly used as an intensifier or to convey disdain. While its origin is obscure, it is usually considered to be first attested to around 1475. In modern usage, the term fuck and its derivatives (such as fucker and fucking) are used as a noun, a verb, an adjective, an infix, an interjection or an adverb. There are many common phrases that employ the word as well as compounds that incorporate it, such as motherfucker and fuck off.
Villa Glori
Villa Glori is a 25-hectare (62-acre) city park in Rome, Italy, within the Municipio II and the quarter Parioli. It is also called Parco della Rimembranza (Italian for Park of Remembrance).

The park occupies a roughly quadrangular cliff – which is in fact the north-west end of the Monti Parioli – looking steeply towards the Tiber in the area of Acqua Acetosa and overhanging the Olympic Village and the Parco della Musica.
It can be accessed from Piazzale del Parco della Rimembranza and Via Maresciallo Pilsudski.

Fontana dell'Acqua Acetosa (Rome)
The Fontana dell'Acqua Acetosa is a fountain in Rome (Italy), located in the flat area with the same name, in the quarter Parioli; at this point the river Tiber forms a deep bend before heading north again. The fountain rises at a lower elevation than the street level, and is therefore accessed via a staircase. 
In 2003 the Fondo Ambiente Italiano, on the basis of a popular survey, identified it as the monument to which Italians are fondest of.
Humphrey Fleming Senhouse
Captain Sir Humphrey Fleming Senhouse KCH CB (29 June 1781 – 13 June 1841) was a British Royal Navy officer. He served in the Napoleonic Wars, War of 1812, and First Anglo-Chinese War. In China, he was the senior naval officer of the British fleet from 31 March 1841 until his death on board his flagship, HMS Blenheim, in Hong Kong from fever contracted during the capture of Canton.

Royal Guelphic Order
The Royal Guelphic Order (German: Königlicher Guelphen-Orden), sometimes referred to as the Hanoverian Guelphic Order, is a Hanoverian order of chivalry instituted on 28 April 1815 by the Prince Regent (later King George IV). It takes its name from the House of Guelph, of which the House of Hanover was a branch. Since Hanover and the United Kingdom shared a monarch until 1837, the order was frequently bestowed upon British subjects.
Sam Duncan
Sam Duncan is a Gaelic footballer who plays for Milltownpass and at senior level for the Westmeath county team. He plays primarily as a defender, but he has also played in midfield and as a corner-forward.

He was a member of the team that defeated Dublin at Parnell Park in the 2019 O'Byrne Cup final, his county's first time to win that trophy since 1988. He won his second piece of silverware of 2019 when Westmeath won the 2019 National Football League Division 3 league title by a goal against Laois at Croke Park.

Duncan was part of the Westmeath side that won the 2022 Tailteann Cup, playing in the final.

2019 O'Byrne Cup
The 2019 O'Byrne Cup was played by county teams of Leinster GAA in December 2018 and January 2019.

The draw took place on 26 September 2018.

Several new rules are being trialled in the competition:

four consecutive handpasses were forbidden

the "advanced mark" was introduced

sideline kicks must go forward (unless inside the attacking 20-metre line)

all kickouts are from the 20-metre line

a "sin bin" for a black card offence.

It was won by Westmeath.
North American Youth Congress
North American Youth Congress (commonly abbreviated NAYC) is a biennial event held by the Youth Ministries division of the United Pentecostal Church International, occurring every other year since 1979. The event has been described as one of the largest gatherings of Christian youth in the U.S. and is held in different cities around the country each year. In 2019, there was a record attendance of over 36,000 youth and young adults.

United Pentecostal Church International
The United Pentecostal Church International (UPCI) is a Oneness Pentecostal denomination headquartered in Weldon Spring, Missouri. The United Pentecostal Church International was formed in 1945 by a merger of the former Pentecostal Church, Inc. and the Pentecostal Assemblies of Jesus Christ. The organization was known as the United Pentecostal Church from its founding until 1972, when "International" was added to its name.

The United Pentecostal Church International began with 521 churches and has grown to more than 45,000 churches, including daughter works and preaching points, 45,000 ministers, and a total constituency of over 6.1 million worldwide, making it the largest Oneness denomination. The international fellowship of United Pentecostals consists of national organizations that are united as the Global Council of the UPCI, which is chaired by the general superintendent of the UPCI, currently David K. Bernard.
Highland Village, Houston
Highland Village is a neighborhood in Houston, Texas, United States.

Highland Village is located inside the 610 Loop in the triangle formed by Greenway Plaza, Uptown, and River Oaks. Highland Village is in the 77027 ZIP code.

The first homes in Highland Village were built in the early 1950s; some of the older homes were torn down and replaced with larger homes in the 2000s.

Nearby Houston neighborhoods include Afton Oaks, Upper Kirby, Lynn Park, Oak Estates, River Oaks, and Weslayan Plaza. The city of West University Place is also close to Highland Village.

Stores in the area include Highland Village Shopping Center, H-E-B's Central Market and Rice Epicurean supermarkets. Shopping in Uptown and the Upper Kirby districts are nearby.

Upper Kirby
Upper Kirby is a commercial district in Houston, Texas, United States. It is named after Kirby Drive, so indirectly takes its name from John Henry Kirby.

Upper Kirby contains many businesses, including restaurants. Upper Kirby is east of the Greenway Plaza, southwest of Neartown, north of the city of West University Place, and south of River Oaks.

Upper Kirby is considered to be in an area west of South Shepherd Drive, east of Buffalo Speedway, north of Bissonnet Street, and south of Westheimer Road.
Tsunami (Manic Street Preachers song)
"Tsunami" is a song by Welsh rock band Manic Street Preachers, released as a single on 5 July 1999 through Epic Records. It was the fourth and final single released from their fifth studio album, This Is My Truth Tell Me Yours (1998). All three members of the band—James Dean Bradfield, Sean Moore and Nicky Wire—share the writing credits. The single peaked at number 11 on the UK Singles Chart.

Nicky Wire
Nicholas Allen Jones (born 20 January 1969), known as Nicky Wire, is a Welsh musician, best known as lyricist, bassist and secondary vocalist of the Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers.

Prior to the group, Wire studied politics at university: this would later influence his lyrical work. He was co-writer of the band's lyrics (alongside Richey Edwards) from 1989 to 1995, and has been the band's primary lyricist since 1995, following Edwards' disappearance. In addition to his work with Manic Street Preachers, Wire has released two solo albums, I Killed the Zeitgeist in 2006 and Intimism in 2023.
Iain Hastie
Ian Hastie is an association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Hastie scored his only international goal on his full All Whites debut in a 2–4 loss to New Caledonia on 17 July 1971 and ended his international playing career with six A-international caps to his credit, his final cap an appearance in a 1–1 draw with Indonesia on 11 October 1972.

New Zealand men's national football team
The New Zealand men's national football team (Māori: Tīma hoka a-motu o Aotearoa) represents New Zealand in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the governing body for football in New Zealand, New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the All Whites (Māori: Ōmā [ɔːmaː]).

The team represented New Zealand at the FIFA World Cup tournaments in 1982 and 2010, and are set to appear in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It also participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 1999, 2003, 2009, and 2017. New Zealand is a six-time OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand was the only unbeaten country in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, drawing all three group stage games; nevertheless, they were eliminated in the group stage.
Giovanni Maria Ciocchi
Giovanni Maria Ciocchi (Florence, 23 March 1658 - Florence, 1725) was an Italian painter and art critic, active during the Baroque period. He was born into a family of artists, and it is not clear if he is related to Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte (1487 – 1555) from Perugia, who became Pope Julius III. it is not clear that Giovanni Maria is related to the 16th century painter Ulisse Ciocchi.

Pope Julius III
Pope Julius III (Latin: Iulius PP. III; Italian: Giulio III; 10 September 1487 – 23 March 1555), born Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 February 1550 to his death, in March 1555.

After a career as a distinguished and effective diplomat, Julius was elected to the papacy as a compromise candidate after the death of Paul III. As pope, he made only reluctant and short-lived attempts at reform, mostly devoting himself to a life of personal pleasure. His reputation, and that of the Catholic Church, were greatly harmed by his scandal-ridden relationship with his adopted nephew, Innocenzo Ciocchi Del Monte. He is the most recent pope to take the pontifical name "Julius".
Ramiz Ganbarov
Ramiz Ganbarov (Azerbaijani: Ramiz Bulud oğlu Qənbərov) (July 2, 1962, Shusha, Azerbaijan – April 30, 1992, Shusha, Azerbaijan) was a National Hero of Azerbaijan, the Commander of Shusha self-defense battalion and a veteran of the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.

National Hero of Azerbaijan
The National Hero of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan milli qəhrəmanı) is the highest national title in the Republic of Azerbaijan. The title was named on 25 March 1992, and the "Qizil Ulduz" Medal awarded as a sign of receiving this title was established by a separate law on 15 July 1992. The law on the title has been in effect since 25 December 1995. It can only be awarded once to the same person.

The title is awarded for outstanding services of national importance to Azerbaijan in defence and strengthening of the state system and creation of important national values.
Henry Rotton
Henry Rotton (16 August 1814 – 11 October 1881) was an English-born Australian businessman and politician.

Rotton settled in the Bathurst district from 1839, establishing himself as a publican and mail-coach operator.  He settled at the 'Blackdown' property near Kelso and was a successful breeder of horses, cattle and sheep.  He also invested in other pastoral properties in the colony.  Rotton was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, initially in the electorate of Western Boroughs from January 1858 to April 1859, and for two terms as the member for Hartley from June 1859 to November 1864.  Rotton made several unsuccessful attempts at contesting parliamentary seats from the mid-1860s to the mid-1870s.

Henry Rotton had an involvement in a well-known incident of the bushranging era when a gang besieged the homestead of Rotton's daughter and son-in-law, Catherine and Henry Keightley.

John Robertson (premier)
Sir John Robertson KCMG (15 October 1816 – 8 May 1891) was a London-born Australian politician and Premier of New South Wales on five occasions. Robertson is best remembered for land reform and in particular the Robertson Land Acts of 1861, which sought to open up the selection of Crown land and break the monopoly of the squatters.

Robertson was elected to Parliament in 1856 supporting manhood suffrage, secret ballot, electorates based on equal populations, abolition of state aid to religion, government non-denominational schools, free trade, and land reform. He saw free selection of crown land before survey as the key to social reform with poor settlers being able to occupy agricultural and pastoral land, even that occupied by lease-holding squatters. This insight enabled him to dominate the politics of 1856–61.
Ichijōdani Asakura Family Historic Ruins
The Ichijōdani Asakura Family Historic Ruins (一乗谷朝倉氏遺跡, Ichijōdani Asakura-shi Iseki) are historic ruins located in the Kidonouchi section of the city of Fukui, Fukui Prefecture, in the Hokuriku region of Japan. This area was controlled by the Asakura clan for 103 years during the Sengoku period. It was designated as a Special Historic Site in 1971, and in June 2007, 2,343 artifacts were designated as Important Cultural Properties.

Important Cultural Property (Japan)
An Important Cultural Property (重要文化財, jūyō bunkazai) is an item officially classified as Tangible Cultural Property by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) and judged to be of particular importance to the history, arts, and culture of the Japanese people.
Leifheit
Leifheit AG is a German manufacturer of household products for cleaning, laundry, and kitchen use, headquartered in Nassau. The shares of Leifheit AG have been listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in the Prime Standard segment since 1984.

Aktiengesellschaft
Aktiengesellschaft (German pronunciation: [ˈaktsi̯ənɡəˌzɛlʃaft] ⓘ; abbreviated AG [aːˈgeː] ⓘ) is a German word for a corporation limited by share ownership (i.e., one which is owned by its shareholders) whose shares may be traded on a stock market. The term is used in Germany, Austria, Switzerland (where it is equivalent to a société anonyme or a società per azioni) and South Tyrol for companies incorporated there. In the United Kingdom, the equivalent term is public limited company, and in the United States, while the terms "incorporated" or "corporation" are typically used, technically the more precise equivalent term is "joint-stock company".
Abortion in Zimbabwe
Abortion in Zimbabwe is available under limited circumstances. Zimbabwe's current abortion law, the Termination of Pregnancy Act, was enacted by Rhodesia's white minority government in 1977. The law permits abortion if the pregnancy endangers the life of the woman or threatens to permanently impair her physical health, if the child may be born with serious physical or mental defects, or if the fetus was conceived as a result of rape or incest. Nevertheless, an estimated 70,000+ illegal abortions are performed in Zimbabwe each year.

Termination of Pregnancy Act (Zimbabwe)
The Termination of Pregnancy Act is a law in Zimbabwe governing abortion. Enacted in 1977 by the Parliament of Rhodesia and effective starting 1 January 1978, it was retained after Zimbabwe's independence in 1980. The law expanded abortion access, permitting it under three circumstances: if the pregnancy endangers the life of the woman or threatens to permanently impair her physical health, if the child may be born with serious physical or mental defects, or if the fetus was conceived as a result of rape or incest.
Izurtza
Izurtza (in Basque and officially, in Spanish Izurza) is an elizate, town and municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the Basque Country, Spain. Izurtza is part of the comarca of Durangaldea and has a population of 270 inhabitants as of 2010 and according to the Spanish National Statistics Institute.

Durangaldea
Durangaldea (Spanish: Duranguesado) is a comarca of Biscay located in the Basque Country, Spain. It is one of the seven eskualdeak/comarcas or regions that compose the province of Biscay. The capital city of Durangaldea is Durango.
Egan, Louisiana
Egan is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Acadia Parish, Louisiana, United States, located between Crowley and Jennings along Louisiana Highway 100, approximately two and one-half miles north of Midland near Bayou Jonas. The community is a part of the Crowley Micropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 631.

The community was named for William M. Egan, a businessman of Crowley, Louisiana.

Crowley, Louisiana
Crowley (Local pronunciation: /ˈkræli/) is a city in, and the parish seat of, Acadia Parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana. At the 2020 United States census, Crowley had a population of 11,710. Crowley is the principal city of the Crowley micropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Acadia Parish. It is also part of the larger Lafayette–Acadiana combined statistical area.
Uzoma Asagwara
Uzoma Asagwara (// ⓘ) is a Canadian politician who has served as the 11th Deputy Premier and Minister of Health, Seniors and Long Term Care in Manitoba since October 18, 2023. A member of the Manitoba New Democratic Party, they have represented the Union Station electoral district in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba since 2019. Upon their election, Asagwara, alongside Jamie Moses and Audrey Gordon, became the first 3 black MLA's in the province's 150 year history. Asagwara is also the first black and first openly LGBT person to serve as Deputy Premier since its creation in 1988.

2019 Manitoba general election
The 2019 Manitoba general election was held on September 10, 2019, to elect the 57 members to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba.

The incumbent Progressive Conservatives, led by Premier Brian Pallister, were re-elected to a second majority government with a loss of two seats. The NDP, led by Wab Kinew, gained six seats and retained their position as the official opposition. The Liberals, led by Dougald Lamont, won the remaining three seats.
The Sting (Gabriella Cilmi album)
The Sting is the third studio album by Australian recording artist Gabriella Cilmi, released on 8 November 2013 on Cilmi's imprint Sweetness Tunes, through Absolute Marketing & Distribution. The Sting marks Cilmi's first independently released LP after parting ways with Island Records in 2010 following her second album Ten.

Ten (Gabriella Cilmi album)
Ten is the second studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Gabriella Cilmi, released on 22 March 2010. The lead single, "On a Mission", appeared two weeks ahead of the album and marked Cilmi's foray into more 1980s inspired music. Ten is Cilmi's second and final album released under Island Records.

The album peaked in the top 40 in Australia and the UK. PopJustice placed Ten at number 4 on their "Top 33 albums of 2010" list. The album was not released in the United States.
Sing Your Life
"Sing Your Life" is a single by the English singer-songwriter Morrissey released in April 1991 by His Master's Voice. It was the second single taken from the Kill Uncle album, and was co-written by Mark E. Nevin, who plays guitar on the track.  On release this was Morrissey's lowest charting single in the UK charts, reaching only number 33. It features former Madness frontman Suggs on backing vocals, who also sung backing vocals on the single "Piccadilly Palare". One of the single's B-sides was a cover version of "That's Entertainment" by The Jam which also had backing vocals by Carl Smyth, a.k.a. Chas Smash, the former second singer of the band Madness. Vic Reeves also recorded backing vocals for the song, but they weren't included in the final version. He is thanked in the sleeve notes.

Chas Smash
Cathal Joseph "Carl" Smyth (born 14 January 1959), also known as Chas Smash, is an English singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. He was the secondary vocalist, trumpet player and dancer for the English band Madness from their inception in the late 1970s until 2014.

In addition to trumpet, Smyth plays the bass guitar (having initially joined Madness as a bassist), acoustic guitar, piano, and various percussion instruments. He performs lead vocals on some Madness tracks, such as "Michael Caine", "Wings of a Dove", "One Step Beyond" and "Madness (Is All in the Mind)". Initially an occasional songwriter, he became a more frequent contributor and was credited as co-writer on the band's international hit "Our House".
Pasar Baru (Transjakarta)
Pasar Baru is a Transjakarta bus rapid transit station located on Pos Street, Pasar Baru, Sawah Besar, Central Jakarta, Indonesia, which is the northeastern terminus of Corridor 8. It is located near the historic Pasar Baru market, Jakarta Art Building, and Lapangan Banteng.

Pasar Baru originally catered as the eastern terminus of Corridor 3 towards Kalideres. Since 2023, it is now temporarily redirected to Monumen Nasional as the original terminus of Corridor 8, Harmoni, had been relocated into small temporary buildings due to the construction of the Jakarta MRT North–South Line extension. Thus, Corridor 8 is currently terminates here at Pasar Baru.

Lapangan Banteng
Lapangan Banteng (Indonesian for "Bull's Field", formerly Waterloo Square (Dutch: Waterlooplein) in Batavia, Dutch East Indies) is a historic square located in a historic area formerly known as Weltevreden, today Sawah Besar subdistrict, Central Jakarta, Indonesia.

Lapangan Banteng Park is located in the area. There are also streets named Jalan Lapangan Banteng Utara (North), Selatan (South), Barat (West) and Timur (East), surrounding the square.