hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Raymond Gurney
Charles Raymond (Bob) Gurney, AFC (22 May 1906 – 2 May 1942) was an Australian aviator who was involved in pioneering aviation in New Guinea in the 1930s. He flew with Qantas before and during the Second World War, and served with the Royal Australian Air Force from September 1939.  He was killed on operations against the Japanese in the south west Pacific in 1942 flying with the United States Army Air Forces.
In his aviation career "Bob" Gurney was chief pilot of Guinea Airways, a Qantas flying boat captain and a Squadron Leader in the RAAF, who even had to bomb his own home. In commemoration of his service an airport in Papua New Guinea and a street in Townsville, Queensland are named after him.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
Motorways in Denmark
There are over 1000 km of motorways in Denmark. They are all numbered and have formal names. The first motorway in Denmark opened in 1956 with the name Hørsholmvejen. Today this motorway is called Helsingørmotorvejen and is numbered E47.

All the Danish motorways are managed by Vejdirektoratet.

Helsingørmotorvejen
Helsingørmotorvejen is a highway in Sjælland, Denmark. It goes between Hans Knudsens Plads, Copenhagen to Helsingør.

On 27 September 2014, during a road work where parts of the highway would be extended from four to six total lanes, a bridge under construction collapsed on the highway; there were no injuries.
Camp Reynolds
Camp Reynolds was a World War II United States Army facility from 1942 to '46. Its original name was Shenango Personnel Replacement Depot (commonly referred to as Camp Shenango). On September 21, 1943, it was renamed Camp Reynolds after PA Civil War hero Major General John Fulton Reynolds who was killed on July 1, the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg. The camp was located in Pymatuning  & Delaware Township in Mercer County, Pennsylvania.

In 1994, the Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission placed a historical marker there to note the historic importance of the location.

John F. Reynolds
John Fulton Reynolds (September 20, 1820 – July 1, 1863) was a career United States Army officer and a general in the American Civil War. One of the Union Army's most respected senior commanders, he played a key role in committing the Army of the Potomac to the Battle of Gettysburg and was killed at the start of the battle.
Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests
The Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests ecoregion, in the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome, is in the eastern Mediterranean Basin.

Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani) is a characteristic tree.

Cedrus libani
Cedrus libani, commonly known as cedar of Lebanon, Lebanon cedar, or Lebanese cedar (Arabic: أرز لبناني, romanized: ʾarz lubnāniyy), is a species of large evergreen conifer in the genus Cedrus, which belongs to the pine family and is native to the mountains of the Eastern Mediterranean basin. Known for its longevity, height, and durable wood, it has held profound significance for millennia. The tree features in ancient Mesopotamian and Israelite literature, notably in the Hebrew Bible, according to which the tree was used in the construction of the Jerusalem Temple by Solomon, who received the trees from Hiram of Tyre. Today, it is the national emblem of Lebanon and is widely used as an ornamental tree in parks and gardens.
Eduardo Restrepo Victoria
Eduardo Restrepo Victoria alias "El Socio" (the Associate) (born September 29, 1958, in Pitalito, Huila) is a Colombian drug trafficker former member of the Norte del Valle Cartel and associate of Wilber Varela. Restrepo was wanted by Colombian authorities on charges of illegal drug trade, illicit enrichment and illegal arms possession. He was captured by Colombian and United States authorities on July 25, 2006 On July 20, 2006, the United States government asked for his extradition. He was extradited to the United States on December 10, 2007.

Norte del Valle Cartel
The Norte del Valle Cartel (Spanish: Cártel del Norte del Valle), or North Valley Cartel, was a drug cartel that operated principally in the north of the Valle del Cauca department of Colombia, most notably the coastal city of Buenaventura. It rose to prominence during the 1990s, after the Cali and Medellín Cartels fragmented, and it was known as one of the most powerful organizations in the illegal drug trade. The drug cartel was led by the brothers Luis Enrique and Javier Antonio Calle Serna, alias "Los Comba", until its takedown in 2008 by the authorities of Colombia and Venezuela, with cooperation of the United States DEA.
2020 Greenlandic Football Championship
The 2020 GrønlandsBANKEN GM was set to be the 50th edition of the Greenlandic Football Championship. The final round was to be started in Ilulissat on 10 August, however the tournament was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Greenland.

Greenlandic Football Championship
The Greenlandic Football Championship (Greenlandic: Isikkamik Arsaalluni Pissartanngorniunneq, GM, Danish: Grønlandsmesterskab i fodbold) is the premier men's football competition in Greenland. It was established in 1954, and since 1971 it has been organised by the Football Association of Greenland. This association is not affiliated to FIFA or to any continental confederation.

B-67 is the most successful football team to have won the championship.
Pattabhishekam (1985 film)
Pattabhishekam (transl. Coronation) is a 1985 Indian Telugu-language romantic film directed by K. Raghavendra Rao. Produced by Nandamuri Harikrishna under Ramakrishna Cine Studios banner, the film stars Nandamuri Balakrishna and Vijayashanti with music composed by Chakravarthy.

K. Chakravarthy
K. Chakravarthy (born Kommineni Appa Rao; 8 September 1936 – 3 February 2002) was an Indian music director and actor who primarily worked in Telugu cinema. He made his debut in 1971 with Mooga Prema and went on compose music for over 1000 films, predominantly in Telugu language (884 films), followed by Kannada (60 films). He won two Nandi Awards.
Islamic State – Libya Province
The Islamic State – Libya Province (Arabic: ولاية ليبيا, romanized: Wilayah Libya) is a militant Islamist group active in Libya under three branches: Fezzan Province in the desert south, Cyrenaica Province in the east, and Tripolitania Province in the west around Tripoli, Libya's capital city. The branches were formed on 13 November 2014, following pledges of allegiance to IS leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi by Islamist militants in Libya. From 2022, the Libyan affiliates of IS stopped carrying out major attacks, though some minor cells remained active as of 2025.

Fezzan
Fezzan (UK: /fɛˈzɑːn/ fez-AHN, US: /fɛˈzæn, fəˈzæn/ fez-AN, fə-ZAN; Berber languages: ⴼⵣⵣⴰⵏ, romanized: Fezzan; Arabic: ‏فَزَّان‎, romanized: Fazzān [fazˈzaːn]; Latin: Phazania) is the southwestern region of modern Libya. It is largely desert, but broken by mountains, uplands, and dry river valleys (wadis) in the north, where oases enable ancient towns and villages to survive deep in the otherwise inhospitable Sahara Desert. The term originally applied to the land beyond the coastal strip of Africa proconsularis, including the Nafusa and extending west of modern Libya over Ouargla and Illizi. As these Berber areas came to be associated with the regions of Tripoli, Cirta or Algiers, the name was increasingly applied to the arid areas south of Tripolitania.

After the 1934 formation of Libya, the Fezzan province was designated as one of the three primary provinces of the country, alongside Tripolitania province to the north and Cyrenaica province to the northeast.
Partisan (military)
A partisan (or partizan) is a member of a domestic irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation by some kind of insurgent activity.

The term can apply to the field element of resistance movements. The most common use in present parlance in several languages refers to occupation resistance fighters during World War II, especially under the Yugoslav partisan leader Josip Broz Tito.

Resistance movement
A resistance movement is an organized group of people that tries to resist or try to overthrow a government or an occupying power, causing disruption and unrest in civil order and stability. Such a movement may seek to achieve its goals through either the use of violent or nonviolent resistance (sometimes called civil resistance), or the use of force, whether armed or unarmed. In multiple cases, as for example in the United States during the American Revolution, or in Norway in the Second World War, a resistance movement may employ both violent and non-violent methods, usually operating under different organizations and acting in different phases or geographical areas within a country.
Acetolactone
In organic chemistry, α‑lactone refers to a functional group, the smallest possible lactone.  It is a family of unstable, three-membered heterocycles, containing an epoxide ring fused with a carbonyl group.

The parent, acetolactone (α-acetolactone), is an organic compound with formula C2H2O2, and has not been isolated in bulk. The compound was first described in 1997 as a transient species in mass spectrometry experiments.

Generally, α‑lactones are produced by the cryogenic, photochemical decarboxylation of peroxymalonic anhydrides.  Even at 77 K, the products rapidly polymerize or decarbonylate to ketones or aldehydes.

An exception is bis(trifluoromethyl)acetolactone ((CF3)2C2O2), stabilized by its two trifluoromethyl groups.  That compound has a half-life of 8 hours at 25 °C.

Α-Thiolactones can be produced via oxygen transfer from a nitrone to a thioketene.

Carbonyl group
In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula C=O, composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom. It is common to several classes of organic compounds (such as aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acid), as part of many larger functional groups. A compound containing a carbonyl group is often referred to as a carbonyl compound.

The term carbonyl can also refer to carbon monoxide as a ligand in an inorganic or organometallic complex (a metal carbonyl, e.g. nickel carbonyl).

The remainder of this article concerns itself with the organic chemistry definition of carbonyl, such that carbon and oxygen share a double bond.
Preston England Temple
The Preston England Temple is the 52nd operating temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). The temple is located in the town of Chorley, 10 miles (16 km) south of Preston, in Lancashire, England. The intent to build the temple was announced on October 19, 1992 by Gordon B. Hinckley, then serving as first counselor in the First Presidency, during the rededication of the London England Temple. It was the second temple built in Great Britain, and the sixth built in Europe.

The temple has a single spire and showcases a modern classical style. A groundbreaking ceremony, conducted by  Hinckley, to signify the beginning of construction was held on June 12, 1994.

The temple serves Latter-day Saints from the Midlands and northern parts of England, the whole of Scotland, the Isle of Man, the Belfast Stake in Northern Ireland and the Dublin Stake and the Limerick District in the Republic of Ireland.

Stake (Latter Day Saints)
A stake is an administrative unit composed of multiple congregations in certain denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement. The name "stake" derives from the Book of Isaiah: "enlarge the place of thy tent; stretch forth the curtains of thine habitation; spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes" (Isaiah 54:2). A stake is sometimes referred to as a stake of Zion.
Central Military Region (Sweden)
The Central Military Region (Swedish: Mellersta militärregionen, MR M) is a Swedish military region within the Swedish Armed Forces. Established in 2013, the military region staff in based in Kungsängen. The military region includes Dalarna County, Gotland County, Gävleborg County, Stockholm County, Södermanland County, Uppsala County and Västmanland County.

Gävleborg County
Gävleborg County (Swedish: Gävleborgs län) is a county or län on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders the counties of Uppsala, Västmanland, Dalarna, Jämtland, and Västernorrland. The capital is Gävle.
Tracy Smart
Air Vice Marshal Tracy Lee Smart, AO is an Australian physician, medical administrator, and a retired senior officer in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). She served as Commander of Joint Health Command and Surgeon General of the Australian Defence Force from December 2015 to December 2019. Smart was the third woman to reach the rank of air vice marshal in the RAAF.

Joint Health Command (Australia)
The Joint Health Command (JHC) is responsible for the delivery of military medicine and joint healthcare services to Australian Defence Force (ADF) personnel, including military psychiatry and rehabilitation services. The JHC is also responsible for providing strategic health policy, the development of the health preparedness of ADF personnel for operations, and the coordination of health units for deployment in support of operations. JHC is led by the dual-hatted Commander Joint Health and Surgeon General of the ADF.

The Commander Joint Health is responsible to the Chief of Personnel while deployed health units are responsible to the Chief of Joint Operations. The JHC is staffed by ADF active and reserve personnel, Department of Defence public servants, and contracted health professionals.
Thomas Boutillier
Thomas Boutillier (October 9, 1797 – December 8, 1861) was a medical doctor, Patriote, and politician in Lower Canada.  Elected to the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada in 1834, he was a member of the Parti patriote led by Louis-Joseph Papineau, which was challenging the British colonial government of the largely French-speaking province of Lower Canada.  When the Lower Canada Rebellion broke out in 1837, he fought on the Patriote side in the Battle of Saint-Charles.  Following the Patriotes' defeat, he fled to the United States.  He returned to Lower Canada in 1838.

When the Province of Canada was created three years later, in 1841, he was elected to the new Parliament of the Province of Canada.  His views had moderated and he now followed Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine, who was working to achieve responsible government in partnership with Robert Baldwin, the leader of Reformers from Upper Canada.  Boutillier served three terms in the Legislative Assembly before retiring in 1851.

Robert Baldwin
Robert Baldwin (May 12, 1804 – December 9, 1858) was an Upper Canadian lawyer and politician who with his political partner Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine of Lower Canada, led the first responsible government ministry in the Province of Canada. "Responsible Government" marked the province's democratic self-government, without a revolution, although not without violence. This achievement also included the introduction of municipal government, the introduction of a modern legal system, reforms to the jury system in Upper Canada, and the abolition of imprisonment for debt. Baldwin is also noted for feuding with the Orange Order and other fraternal societies. The Lafontaine-Baldwin government enacted the Rebellion Losses Bill to compensate Lower Canadians for damages suffered during the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837–1838.  The passage of the Bill outraged Anglo-Canadian Tories in Montreal, resulting in the burning of the Parliament Buildings in Montreal in 1849.
John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath
John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath PC (29 August 1628 – 22 August 1701) was an English landowner who served in the Royalist army during the First English Civil War and was rewarded for his services after the 1660 Stuart Restoration with a title and various appointments.

Privy Council of England
The Privy Council of England, also known as His (or Her) Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council (Latin: concilium familiare, concilium privatum et assiduum), was a body of advisers to the sovereign of the Kingdom of England. Its members were often senior members of the House of Lords and the House of Commons, together with leading churchmen, judges, diplomats and military leaders.

The Privy Council of England was a powerful institution, advising the sovereign on the exercise of the royal prerogative and on the granting of royal charters. It issued executive orders known as Orders in Council and also had judicial functions.

In 1708, the Privy Council of England was abolished and subsumed into the Privy Council of Great Britain along with the Privy Council of Scotland.
Oxendolone
Oxendolone, sold under the brand names Prostetin and Roxenone, is an antiandrogen and progestin medication which is used in Japan in the treatment of enlarged prostate. However, this use is controversial due to concerns about its clinical efficacy. Oxendolone is not effective by mouth and must be given by injection into muscle.

Oxendolone is an antiandrogen, and hence is an antagonist of the androgen receptor, the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. It is also a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone. Due to its progestogenic activity, oxendolone has antigonadotropic effects. Oxendolone has no other important hormonal activity...

Oxendolone was introduced for medical use in 1981. It is used only in Japan.

Progesterone receptor
The progesterone receptor (PR), also known as NR3C3 or nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 3, is a protein found inside cells. It is activated by the steroid hormone progesterone.

In humans, PR is encoded by a single PGR gene residing on chromosome 11q22, it has three isoforms: PR-A, PR-B, and PR-C. Though PR-A and PR-B are much more well studied compared to PR-C. The PR-B is the positive regulator of the effects of progesterone, while PR-A serve to antagonize the effects of PR-B.
Bordesley Abbey
52°19′0″N 1°56′2″W﻿ / ﻿52.31667°N 1.93389°W﻿ / 52.31667; -1.93389

Bordesley Abbey was a 12th-century Cistercian abbey near the town of Redditch, in Worcestershire, England.

The abbey's foundation was an act of Waleran de Beaumont, Count of Meulan, who gave the monks of Garendon Abbey in Leicestershire some more land. However, Empress Matilda laid claim to the patronage of Bordesley once Waleran surrendered to her in about 1141, thus making Bordesley a royal house.

Bordesley Abbey was once an important local ecclesiastical centre, holding political control of the ancient township of Tardebigge. It was demolished by Henry VIII during the dissolution of the monasteries in 1538 and the property was sold.

The ruins are now an archaeological site, undergoing investigation since 1969 by the University of Reading's 'Bordesley Abbey Project'. Many of the excavated items can be seen in a visitor centre and museum at the site, which is joined with the Forge Mill Needle Museum.

Waleran de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Worcester
Waleran de Beaumont (1104–1166) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman. In his early adulthood, he was a member of the conspiracy of Amaury III of Montfort; later in his career, he participated in the Anarchy and the Second Crusade. During the reign of Henry II of England, Waleran's close ties to Louis VII of France caused him to fall out of grace.
2047 Smetana
2047 Smetana, provisional designation 1971 UA1, is a bright Hungaria asteroid and synchronous binary system from the innermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 26 October 1971, by Czech astronomer Luboš Kohoutek at Bergedorf Observatory in Hamburg, Germany. The asteroid was named after Czech composer Bedřich Smetana. Its sub-kilometer sized minor-planet moon was discovered in 2012.

Minor-planet moon
A minor-planet moon is an astronomical object that orbits a minor planet as its natural satellite. As of January 2022, there are 457 minor planets known or suspected to have moons. Discoveries of minor-planet moons (and binary objects, in general) are important because the determination of their orbits provides estimates on the mass and density of the primary, allowing insights into their physical properties that are generally not otherwise accessible.

Several of the moons are quite large compared to their primaries: 90 Antiope, Mors–Somnus and Sila–Nunam (95%), Patroclus–Menoetius, Altjira and Lempo–Hiisi (90%, with Lempo–Paha at 50%). The largest known minor-planet moon in absolute size is Pluto's moon Charon, which has about half the diameter of Pluto.

There are also several known ring systems around distant objects (see: Rings of Chariklo and Chiron).
Arthur Denaro
Major General Arthur George Denaro, CBE, DL (born 23 March 1948) is a retired British Army officer. He led his regiment, the Queen's Royal Irish Hussars, during the Gulf War and later became Commandant of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. He commanded the 5th Infantry Division from 2000 to 2003. He was the highest-ranking officer of overseas birth in the British Army at that time.

5th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
The 5th Infantry Division was a regular army infantry division of the British Army. It was established by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington for service in the Peninsular War, as part of the Anglo-Portuguese Army, and was active for most of the period since, including the First World War and the Second World War and was disbanded soon after. The division was reformed in 1995 as an administrative division covering Wales and the English regions of West Midlands, East Midlands and East. Its headquarters were in Shrewsbury. It was disbanded on 1 April 2012.
Buzz Sawyer
Bruce Allen Woyan (June 14, 1959 – February 7, 1992) was an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name "Mad Dog" Buzz Sawyer.

An amateur wrestler at Dixie M. Hollins High School, he made his professional wrestling debut in 1977 and wrestled for several National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) territories. Throughout his career, Sawyer wrestled for Georgia Championship Wrestling (GCW), where he won the NWA National Heavyweight Championship and NWA National Tag Team Championship with his brother Brett, the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), Universal Wrestling Federation (UWF), where he won the UWF Television Championship, World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW), where he won the WCWA Television Championship, WCWA Texas Heavyweight Championship and WCWA World Tag Team Championship with Matt Borne, and World Championship Wrestling (WCW). He also toured Japan with All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) and New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW).

Amateur wrestling
Amateur wrestling is a variant of wrestling practiced at Olympic, collegiate, scholastic, and other levels. There are two international wrestling styles performed at the Olympic Games, freestyle and Greco-Roman, both of which are governed by the United World Wrestling (UWW).

At the middle school and high school levels in the United States, wrestlers compete in scholastic wrestling. In collegiate wrestling, there are minor differences in some scholastic wrestling rules.

The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts (MMA) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness within the sport and its consideration as a core discipline.