hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timothy Taylor (gallery)
Timothy Taylor is an international gallery with locations in London, and New York. Founded in Mayfair, London, in 1996, the gallery has worked with post-war and contemporary artists as well as artist estates.

Post-war
A post-war or postwar period is the period immediately following the end of a war. The term usually refers to a varying period of time after World War II, which ended in 1945. A post-war period can become an interwar period or interbellum, when a war between the same parties resumes at a later date (such as the period between World War I and World War II). By contrast, a post-war period marks the cessation of armed conflict entirely.
WebGUI
WebGUI is an open-source content management system written in Perl and released under the GNU General Public License.

The system permits non-technically minded users to arrange content in pages and layouts, containing 'Assets' (applets) which permit website visitors to view and interact with various types of data from basic Articles to full-blown content management system and custom applications.

In July 2014, Scott Walters proposed a project on Kickstarter to bring the nascent Version 8 rewrite to a formal release with a supporting free software community. Version 8 is, according to the Kickstarter project page, "a massive modernization effort that reworked core to use Moose, Plack, Try::Tiny" along with a general code cleanup. The project achieved its crowd funding goal on July 16, 2014.

Plack (software)
Plack is a Perl web application programming framework inspired by Rack for Ruby and WSGI for Python, and it is the project behind the PSGI specification used by other frameworks such as Catalyst and Dancer. Plack allows for testing of Perl web applications without a live web server.

Plackup is a command line utility to run PSGI applications from the command line.
Jessica Calalang
Jessica Noelle Calalang (born February 24, 1995) is an American pair skater. With her current partner Brian Johnson, she is a three-time U.S. national silver medalist (2020–22) and a three-time Challenger series medalist, including gold at the 2019 CS Warsaw Cup. Earlier in her career, she skated with Zack Sidhu, winning three medals on the ISU Challenger Series.

ISU Challenger Series
The ISU Challenger Series is a series of ten international figure skating competitions sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU) and organized by ISU member nations. The series was introduced in 2014; its stated goal is to provide consistent organization and structure within a series of international competitions, as well as opportunities for senior-level skaters to compete at the international level while also earning World Standing points. The Nebelhorn Trophy, the Nepela Memorial, and the Golden Spin of Zagreb have been regular competitions in the series since the beginning, as was the Finlandia Trophy until 2024. Skaters and teams are eligible to compete in up to three Challenger Series events each season, and their top two scores are combined to calculate their total Challenger Series scores.
He Peirong
He Peirong (Chinese: 何佩瑢; pinyin: Hé Pèiróng; 1880 – June 6, 1942) was a military personnel and politician in the Republic of China. He belonged to the Beijing Government, Anhui clique. In the end, he was an important politician during the Reformed Government of the Republic of China and the Wang Jingwei regime (Republic of China-Nanjing). His courtesy name was Yunshan (韵珊). He was born in Jianshi, Hubei.

Reformed Government of the Republic of China
The  Reformed Government of the Republic of China (Simplified Chinese: 中华民国维新政府; Traditional Chinese: 中華民國維新政府; Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó Wéixīn Zhèngfǔ; Japanese: 中華民國維新政府; Hepburn: Chūka minkoku ishin seifu) was a puppet state created by Japan that existed in eastern China from 1938 to 1940 during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The regime had little authority or popular support, nor did it receive international recognition even from Japan itself, lasting only two years before it was merged with the Provisional Government into the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China under Wang Jingwei. Due to the extensive powers of the Japanese advisors within the government and its own limited powers, the Reformed Government was not much more than an arm of the Japanese military administration.
Frank Sullivan (medical doctor)
Frank Sullivan FRSE FRCGP is a Scottish medical doctor who works as a general practitioner (GP) and who is a medical researcher. He is Director of Research at the School of Medicine at University of St Andrews. He was the first Gordon F. Cheesbrough Research Chair in Family and Community Medicine at North York General Hospital, Canada. He was the director of the Scottish School of Primary Care from 2007 to 2014.

Royal College of General Practitioners
The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) is the professional body for general (medical) practitioners (GPs/Family Physicians/Primary Care Physicians) in the United Kingdom. The RCGP represents and supports GPs on key issues including licensing, education, training, research and clinical standards. It is the largest of the medical royal colleges, with more than 54,000 members. The RCGP was founded in 1952 in London, England and is a registered charity. Its motto is Cum Scientia Caritas – "Compassion [empowered] with Knowledge."
705th Tank Destroyer Battalion
The 705th Tank Destroyer Battalion was a tank destroyer battalion of the United States Army active during the Second World War. It was originally formed from artillery elements of the 5th Armored Division, and its lineage is today perpetuated by the 75th Cavalry Regiment.

The battalion operated in northern France with Third Army in 1944, where it fought in Brittany at the capture of Brest, and then along the Moselle River, reaching Germany at the end of the year. During the Battle of the Bulge, it was engaged at the Siege of Bastogne along with the 101st Airborne Division, where it received the Presidential Unit Citation, and in the spring of 1945 it advanced through southern Germany with the 11th Armored Division, reaching Austria by the end of the war.

Battle for Brest
The Battle for Brest was fought in August and September 1944 on the Western Front during World War II. Part of the overall Battle for Brittany and the Allied plan for the invasion of mainland Europe called for the capture of port facilities, in order to ensure the timely delivery of the enormous amount of war materiel required to supply the invading Allied forces. It was estimated that the 37 Allied divisions to be on the continent by September 1944 would need 26,000 tons of supplies each day. The main port the Allied forces hoped to seize and put into their service was Brest, in northwestern France.
The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living
The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living is an artwork created in 1991 by Damien Hirst, an English artist and a leading member of the "Young British Artists" (or YBA). It consists of a preserved tiger shark submerged in formalin in a glass-panel display case.

It was originally commissioned in 1991 by Charles Saatchi, who sold it in 2004 to Steven A. Cohen for an undisclosed amount, widely reported to have been at least $8 million. However, the title of Don Thompson's book, The $12 Million Stuffed Shark: The Curious Economics of Contemporary Art, suggests a higher figure.

Owing to deterioration of the original 14-foot (4.3 m) tiger shark, it was replaced with a new specimen in 2006. It was on loan to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City from 2007 to 2010.

It is considered an iconic work of British art in the 1990s, and has become a symbol of Britart worldwide.

Display case
A display case (also called a showcase, display cabinet, shadow box, or vitrine) is a cabinet with one or often more transparent tempered glass (or plastic, normally acrylic for strength) surfaces, used to display objects for viewing. A display case may appear in an exhibition, museum, retail store, restaurant, or house. Often, labels are included with the displayed objects, providing information such as descriptions or prices. In a museum, the displayed cultural artifacts are normally part of the museum's collection, or are part of a temporary exhibition. In retail or a restaurant, the items are normally being offered for sale. A trophy case is used to display sports trophies or other awards.
Johann Hermann Schein
Johann Hermann Schein (20 January 1586 – 19 November 1630) was a German composer of the early Baroque era. He was Thomaskantor in Leipzig from 1615 to 1630. He was one of the first to import the early Italian stylistic innovations into German music, and was one of the most polished composers of the period.

Thomaskantor
Thomaskantor (Cantor at St. Thomas) is the common name for the musical director of the Thomanerchor, now an internationally known boys' choir founded in Leipzig in 1212. The official historic title of the Thomaskantor in Latin, Cantor et Director Musices, describes the two functions of cantor and director. As the cantor, he prepared the choir for service in four Lutheran churches, Thomaskirche (St. Thomas), Nikolaikirche (St. Nicholas), Neue Kirche (New Church) and Peterskirche (St. Peter). As director, he organized music for city functions such as town council elections and homages. Functions related to the university took place at the Paulinerkirche. 
Johann Sebastian Bach was the most famous Thomaskantor, from 1723 to 1750.
Night of Champions (2012)
The 2012 Night of Champions was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by WWE. It was the sixth annual Night of Champions and took place on September 16, 2012, at the TD Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. The theme of the event was that all sanctioned championships promoted on WWE's main roster at the time were defended on the card. The event managed to gain 189,000 buys, which was up from last year's event, which gained a 169,000 buy rate.

Eight matches were contested at the event, including one on the Pre-Show. The main event, which saw CM Punk defend the WWE Championship against John Cena, ended in a double pinfall. In other prominent matches, Sheamus defeated Alberto Del Rio to retain the World Heavyweight Championship, Kane and Daniel Bryan defeated Kofi Kingston and R-Truth to win the WWE Tag Team Championship, and Eve Torres defeated Layla to win the WWE Divas Championship.

Pin (professional wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a pin is a move where a wrestler holds an opponent's shoulders to the mat in an attempt to score a fall. A pinfall is a common victory condition, where the attacker pins an opponent and the referee makes a three count before the opponent gets released from the pin.
Bay Qasoor
Bay Qasoor (Urdu: بے قصور, lit. 'Innocent') is a Pakistani television serial premiered on 11 November 2015 on ARY Digital. It is produced by Fahad Mustafa and Ali Kazmi under Big Bang Entertainment.  The cast includes Samina Peerzada, Sajid Hassan, Saboor Ali, Waseem Abbas and Aiman Khan among others.

Saboor Aly
Saboor Ali Ansari (Urdu: صَبور علی) (born 3 March 1995) is a Pakistani actress. The younger sister of actress Sajal Aly, Saboor Ali began her acting career with the family drama Mehmoodabad Ki Malkain (2011) and received recognition with a comic role in the sitcom Mr. Shamim (2015).

Ali continued playing supporting roles in several television series and made her film debut with a romantic-comedy Actor in Law (2016), for which she earned a nomination in the Lux Style Award for Best Supporting Actress. She has since played leading roles in dramas, such as Mere Khudaya (2018), Gul-o-Gulzar (2019) and Fitrat (2020), for which she received the Lux Style Award for Best TV Actress, and Mushkil (2022), and received critical acclaim as well as the Hum Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role of a tomboy in Parizaad (2021).
Cartography (play)
Cartography is a play directed by Kaneza Schaal and written by Christopher Myers. Via a nonlinear narrative, it centers on a small group of refugees who express stories about themselves throughout the story. It premiered at the Kennedy Center in 2019 before touring through several American cities later that year and in 2020. Critics praised it for its story and technological aspects, but had mixed feelings on the tone.

Nonlinear narrative
Nonlinear narrative, disjointed narrative, or disrupted narrative is a narrative technique where events are portrayed, for example, out of chronological order or in other ways where the narrative does not follow the direct causality pattern of the events featured, such as parallel distinctive plot lines, dream immersions or narrating another story inside the main plot-line. The technique is common in electronic literature, and particularly in hypertext fiction, and is also well-established in print and other sequential media.
Baran, Belarus
Baran (Belarusian: Барань, romanized: Barań; Russian: Барань; Polish: Barań) is a town in Orsha District, Vitebsk Region, in eastern Belarus. It is located in the southeast of the region and a few kilometers from the city of Orsha. In 2009, its population was 11,662. As of 2025, it has a population of 10,131.

Orsha district
Orsha district or Orša district (Belarusian: Аршанскі раён; Russian: Оршанский район, romanized: Orshansky rayon) is a district (raion) of Vitebsk region in Belarus. The administrative center of the district is Orsha.
Vair
Vair is a fur tincture in heraldry, describing a two-color pattern covering the field or a division of the field in a manner considered similar to red squirrel furs, formerly much used in noble and royal mantles. The original form (now distinguished as vair ancien) consisted of rows of wavy U shapes similar the squirrels' white underbellies on such mantles. The modern form is more abstract, formed of rows of tiled irregular heptagons known as "panes" or "bells". The default modern pattern is the metal argent (white or silver) over the colour azure (blue), although other orders and hues can be specified in a blazon using the field description vairy.

Mantle (clothing)
A mantle (from old French mantel,  from mantellum, the Latin term for a cloak) is a type of loose garment usually worn over indoor clothing to serve the same purpose as an overcoat. Technically, the term describes a long, loose cape-like cloak worn from the 12th to the 16th century by both sexes, although by the 19th century, it was used to describe any loose-fitting, shaped outer garment similar to a cape. For example, the dolman, a 19th-century cape-like woman's garment with partial sleeves is often described as a mantle.

In English, the idiom "to take up/pick up/assume the mantle" is from the Bible, and means to take a position of authority, leadership or responsibility in a particular area, especially in the sense of carrying on for a previous figure. The most notable appearance in the Bible is in 2 Kings 2:13, where Elisha takes up Elijah's mantle (Hebrew: אדרת ’addereṯ).
Mixture (probability)
In probability theory and statistics, a mixture is a probabilistic combination of two or more probability distributions. The concept arises mostly in two contexts:

A mixture defining a new probability distribution from some existing ones, as in a mixture distribution or a compound distribution. Here a major problem often is to derive the properties of the resulting distribution.
A mixture used as a statistical model such as is often used for statistical classification. The model may represent the population from which observations arise as a mixture of several components, and the problem is that of a mixture model, in which the task is to infer from which of a discrete set of sub-populations each observation originated.

Compound probability distribution
In probability and statistics, a compound probability distribution (also known as a mixture distribution or contagious distribution) is the probability distribution that results from assuming that a random variable is distributed according to some parametrized distribution, with (some of) the parameters of that distribution themselves being random variables.
If the parameter is a scale parameter, the resulting mixture is also called a scale mixture.

The compound distribution ("unconditional distribution") is the result of marginalizing (integrating) over the latent random variable(s) representing the parameter(s) of the parametrized distribution ("conditional distribution").
Nicolae Steinhardt
Nicolae Steinhardt (Romanian pronunciation: [nikoˈla.e ˈʃtajnhart]; born Nicu-Aurelian Steinhardt; July 29, 1912 – March 30, 1989) was a Romanian writer, Orthodox monk and lawyer. His main book, Jurnalul Fericirii, is regarded as a major text of 20th-century Romanian literature and a prime example of Eastern European anti-Communist literature.

Constantin Noica
Constantin Noica (Romanian: [konstanˈtin ˈnojka]; July 25 [O.S. July 12] 1909 – 4 December 1987) was a Romanian philosopher, essayist, and poet. His preoccupations were throughout all philosophy, from epistemology, philosophy of culture, axiology, and philosophic anthropology to ontology and logics, from the history of philosophy to systematic philosophy, from ancient to contemporary philosophy, from translating and interpretation to criticism and creation. In 2006 he was included to the list of the 100 Greatest Romanians of all time by a nationwide poll.
Denis Clarke
Denis Clarke (born 10 April 1959) is an Irish former football player.

He started his career at Finn Harps ( 6 total games) after returning home from City, making his League of Ireland debut on 23 October 1977. He moved to his hometown club later that season and joined Shamrock Rovers in 1982. During his time in the Hoops he played in four UEFA Cup games including a League of Ireland record 7–0 aggregate win over Fram Reykjavik. In September 1983 he sought a move from Glenmalure Park.

He rejoined Athlone Town in November 1983.

From there he signed for Limerick City in May 1986.

However, he only lasted half a season before rejoining Athlone for a third time and getting sent off on his third return.

Clarke managed Athlone twice. In November 1995 he was appointed caretaker manager of Galway United. In April 1996 he signed a 3-year full-time contract as manager. In 2012, Clarke managed Willow Park F.C. U'10's up until 2017 when he departed after the U16 season.

Galway United F.C.
Galway United Football Club (Irish: Cumann Peile Ghaillimh Aontaithe) is an Irish professional football club based in Galway. They play in the League of Ireland Premier Division, following a promotion from the First Division in 2023. The team was founded as Galway Rovers F.C. during the 1930s. They made their League of Ireland debut in the 1977–78 season, and changed their name to Galway United in 1981–82. After suffering financial difficulties, the club dropped out of the League of Ireland after the 2011 season, but in 2014 Galway United returned, initially playing as Galway F.C. for a season. Like other sports teams from the county, Galway United are nicknamed "The Tribesmen", after the 14 "tribes" of Galway, the merchant families that established the city.
Alberto López (Guatemalan footballer)
Alberto "Cuqui" López Oliva (born 10 March 1944) is a Guatemalan football coach and former defender. He is one of three Guatemalan footballers to win the CONCACAF championship with both national team and club.

He played the entirety of his career for CSD Municipal in the Guatemalan top division, and was a part of the squad that won the 1974 CONCACAF Champions' Cup. He scored over 40 goals in his career, a relatively high number for a full back.

Also a member of the Guatemala national team, he was a part of the squad that won the 1967 CONCACAF Championship, and also competed in two World Cup qualifying campaigns and at the 1968 Olympic Games.

1974 CONCACAF Champions' Cup
The 1974 CONCACAF Champions' Cup was the 10th edition of the annual international club football competition held in the CONCACAF region (North America, Central America and the Caribbean), the CONCACAF Champions' Cup. It determined that year's club champion of association football in the CONCACAF region and was played from 5 May till 27 October 1974 with all the matches played under the home/away match.

The teams were split in 3 zones (North American, Central American and Caribbean), each one qualifying the winner to the final tournament. As no clubs entered in the North American section, the winner of the two remaining zones gained the qualification to the final. Municipal from Guatemala won the tournament, becoming CONCACAF champion for the first time.
Yerbas Buenas
Yerbas Buenas is a Chilean town and commune in Linares Province, Maule Region. It lies in the geographical center of the country, on the fertile central plain, some 300 km (186 mi) south of the national capital of Santiago, 50 km (31 mi) south of Talca, the regional capital and 12 km (7 mi) north of Linares, the provincial capital.

Chilean Central Valley
The Central Valley (Spanish: Valle Central), Intermediate Depression, or Longitudinal Valley is the depression running north to south between the Chilean Coastal Range and the Andes Mountains. The Chilean Central Valley extends from the border with Peru to Puerto Montt in southern Chile, with a notable interruption at Norte Chico (27°20'–33°00' S). South of Puerto Montt, the valley has a continuation as a series of marine basins up to the isthmus of Ofqui. Some of Chile's most populous cities lie within the valley including Santiago, Temuco, Rancagua, Talca and Chillán.
South African Air Force Museum
The South African Air Force Museum houses exhibits and restores material related to the history of the South African Air Force. The museum is divided into three locations, AFB Swartkop outside Pretoria, AFB Ysterplaat in Cape Town and at Gqeberha's Chief Dawid Stuurman International Airport.

South African Air Force
The South African Air Force (SAAF) is the air warfare branch of South African National Defence Force, with its headquarters in Pretoria. The South African Air Force was established on 1 February 1920. The Air Force saw service in World War II and the Korean War. From 1966, the SAAF was involved in providing infantry support in the low-intensity Border War in Angola, South-West Africa and Rhodesia. As the war progressed, the intensity of air operations increased, until in the late 1980s when the SAAF were compelled to fly fighter missions against Angolan aircraft in order to maintain tactical air superiority. On conclusion of the Border War in 1990, aircraft numbers were severely reduced due to economic pressures as well as the cessation of hostilities with neighbouring states.
Jean Lombard
Jean Lombard (26 September 1854 – 17 July 1891) was a French novelist of the late nineteenth century.

Lombard was born in Toulon, Var.  His work, with its themes of orientalism, androgyny and paganism, had deep affiliations with the Decadent movement in literature. Although almost completely forgotten today, he influenced contemporaries such as Rachilde and Jean Lorrain. His best-known work, based on the Roman emperor Heliogabalus, is L'Agonie (1888); the 1902 reprint included a preface by Octave Mirbeau and illustrations by Auguste Leroux. According to William Sharp, Lombard died in 1891 in poverty, bordering on starvation.

Octave Mirbeau
Octave Henri Marie Mirbeau (French: [ɔktav miʁbo]; 16 February 1848 – 16 February 1917) was a French novelist, art critic, travel writer, pamphleteer, journalist and playwright, who achieved celebrity in Europe and great success among the public, whilst still appealing to the literary and artistic avant-garde with highly transgressive novels that explored violence, abuse and psychological detachment. His work has been translated into 30 languages.