hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rocket-based combined cycle
The RBCC, or rocket-based combined cycle propulsion system, was one of the two types of propulsion systems that may have been tested in the Boeing X-43 experimental aircraft.  The RBCC, or strutjet as it is sometimes called, is a combination propulsion system that consists of a ramjet, scramjet, and ducted rocket, where all three systems use a shared flow path.

A TBCC, or turbine-based combined cycle propulsion system, is a turbine engine combined with a ramjet and scramjet.

A TRCC, or turbo rocket combined cycle propulsion system, is another combination propulsion system that combines an afterburning turbine engine with a RBCC propulsion system.

Scramjet
A scramjet (supersonic combustion ramjet) is a variant of a ramjet airbreathing jet engine in which combustion takes place in supersonic airflow.  As in ramjets, a scramjet relies on high vehicle speed to compress the incoming air forcefully before combustion (hence ramjet), but whereas a ramjet decelerates the air to subsonic velocities before combustion using shock cones, a scramjet has no shock cone and slows the airflow using shockwaves produced by its ignition source in place of a shock cone. This allows the scramjet to operate efficiently at extremely high speeds.

Although scramjet engines have been used in a handful of operational military vehicles, scramjets have so far mostly been demonstrated in research test articles and experimental vehicles.
Christoph Caspar von Blumenthal
Christoph Caspar von Blumenthal (1637 in Berlin –1689 in Stavenow) was a German nobleman. He was a career diplomat serving the Great Elector of Brandenburg.  He was several times Brandenburg's Ambassador to the Court of Louis XIV.

Frederick William, the Great Elector
Frederick William (German: Friedrich Wilhelm; 16 February 1620 – 29 April 1688) was Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Prussia, thus ruler of Brandenburg-Prussia, from 1640 until his death in 1688. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he is popularly known as "the Great Elector" (der Große Kurfürst) because of his military and political achievements. Frederick William was a staunch pillar of the Calvinist faith, associated with the rising commercial class. He saw the importance of trade and promoted it vigorously. His shrewd domestic reforms gave Prussia a strong position in the post-Westphalian political order of Northern-Central Europe, setting up Prussia for elevation from duchy to kingdom, achieved under his son and successor.
Acacia Crest Academy
Acacia Crest Academy is a Christian learning institution located in Kitengela, Kenya. It was founded by Mr. and Mrs. Maina, and after a year of construction, Acacia opened in 2001. It is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from town. The school began with preschool to class 4 initially and as a day school. Boarding facilities were added for 5–8 students.

It is a Christian school and Christianity is the foundation of its morals. The school is a member of the Kenya Private Schools Association (KPSA), in which the eighth class students sit for the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE). The first KCPE was held in 2005, where the first student earned an outstanding 435 marks out of 500.

Kenya Certificate of Primary Education
The Kenya Certificate of Primary Education (KCPE) was a certificate awarded to students after completing the approved eight-year course in primary education in Kenya. The examination was supervised by the Kenya National Examination Council (KNEC), an examining body in Kenya under the Ministry of Education. The same body also conducted and regulated the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE), a certificate awarded to students after completing secondary education. KCPE and KCSE were both started in 1985 when the 8-4-4 system of education was introduced in Kenya.The last KCPE examination, under this system was done on November 1, 2023 at 11am. 
These exams were replaced by KJSEA (Kenya Junior Secondary Education Assessment).
Steeple Grange Light Railway
The Steeple Grange Light Railway is a narrow-gauge heritage railway visitor attraction near Wirksworth in Derbyshire, England. Opened in 1985 on the trackbed of a disused branch line, it uses industrial locomotives and rolling stock from disused mines, quarries, and steelworks around the country.

Steel mill
A steel mill or steelworks is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel. It may be an integrated steel works carrying out all steps of steelmaking from smelting iron ore to rolled product, but may also be a plant where steel semi-finished casting products are made from molten pig iron or from scrap.
Tim Murphy (Pennsylvania politician)
Timothy Francis Murphy (born September 11, 1952) is an American former politician and psychologist who served as the U.S. representative for Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district from 2003 until his resignation in 2017. The district included several suburbs south of Pittsburgh. A member of the Republican Party, he also represented the 37th Senate district in the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1996 to 2003. Murphy consistently carried the 18th district with at least 58% of the vote, including unopposed re-election bids in 2014 and 2016.

In October 2017, it was reported Murphy urged a mistress to have an abortion despite his strict public anti-abortion stance, which was followed by reports of endemic abuse and harassment in his congressional office. Murphy resigned immediately following these scandals, with his seat won by Democrat Conor Lamb in a special election.

Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district
Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district was a district including the city of Pittsburgh and parts of surrounding suburbs. A variety of working class and majority black suburbs located to the east of the city were included, such as McKeesport and Wilkinsburg. Also a major part of the district was a number of middle class suburbs that have historic Democratic roots, such as Pleasant Hills and Penn Hills. The district became obsolete following the 2020 United States census. It was largely replaced by Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district.

The district covered much of the area that was the center of the Whiskey Rebellion of the 1790s.
2019 12 Hours of Sebring
The 67th Mobil 1 Twelve Hours of Sebring Presented by Advance Auto Parts was an endurance sports car racing event held at Sebring International Raceway near Sebring, Florida, from 14–16 March 2019.

The race was the second round of the 2019 WeatherTech SportsCar Championship, as well as the second round of the Michelin Endurance Cup. Action Express Racing and Wayne Taylor Racing brought home a Cadillac 1-2-3 finish for the overall honours, with the win going to the No. 31 crew of Eric Curran, Felipe Nasr and Pipo Derani, who won the 12 Hour race for a third time in the previous four editions. the #911 Porsche GT Team won in the GTLM class over the No. 66 Ford GT of Chip Ganassi Racing, LMP2 was won by Performance Tech Motorsports, and the Grasser Racing Team took a second straight victory in the GTD class, winning over fellow Lamborghini GTD team Magnus Racing, who came 2nd in only their second start as a Lamborghini team.

Wayne Taylor Racing
Wayne Taylor Racing (WTR) is a sports car racing team that was founded in 2004 by racing driver Wayne Taylor. From 2023 to 2025, the team had a partnership with Andretti Autosport that also saw them rebrand as Wayne Taylor Racing with Andretti Autosport (WTRAndretti). The team currently competes in the IMSA SportsCar Championship, campaigning the No. 10 DEX Imaging and HP sponsored Cadillac V-Series.R for Filipe Albuquerque and Ricky Taylor and the No. 40 DEX Imaging-sponsored Cadillac V-Series.R for Jordan Taylor and Louis Delétraz in the GTP class, and the No. 45 Lamborghini Huracán GT3 EVO2 for Kyle Marcelli and Danny Formal in the GTD class, also sponsored by DEX Imaging.
Charles Fernández
Charles Fernández (born 28 December 1995) is a Guatemalan modern pentathlete. He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the men's event and finished fifteenth. Fernandez won the men's modern pentathlon at the 2015 Pan American Games. He also won a gold medal at the World Junior Championships. Fernandez has competed in three World Modern Pentathlon Championships as well as multiple youth and junior world championships and a Central American and Caribbean Games.

Modern pentathlon at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's
The men's Individual competition of the modern pentathlon events at the 2015 Pan American Games was held on July 19 at the CIBC Pan Am/Parapan Am Aquatics Centre and Field House.

The top placed North American and South American athlete, along with the next three best athletes in each event (maximum on per nation) will qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Unity of the Brethren (Czech Republic)
The Unity of the Brethren (Czech: Jednota bratrská) is the ecclesiastical province of the Moravian Church in the Czech Republic. Due to a schism in the province in 2000, eight of its original congregations comprise the so-called Herrnhut Seniorate of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren.

It is located in the lands (Bohemia and Moravia) of the origins of the Bohemian Reformation, a movement that later created the Moravian Church.

Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren
Christianity portal

Reformed Christianity portal

Czech Republic portal

The Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren (ECCB; Czech: Českobratrská církev evangelická, ČCE) is the largest Czech Protestant church and the second-largest church in the Czech Republic after the Catholic Church. It was formed in 1918 in Czechoslovakia through the unification of the Protestant churches of the Lutheran and Calvinist confessions.

In 2019, the church reported 69,715 baptized members in more than 260 local congregations, which are broken down into 14 seniorates (presbyteries) throughout the Czech Republic. Its membership peaked in 1950 with 402,000 members. Since the end of Communist rule, the Czech Republic's censuses have recorded 203,996 adherents in 1991, 117,212 in 2001, and 51,936 in 2011.

In May 2023, the Church synod voted to allow blessing of same-sex couples.
Auvernier–La Saunerie
Auvernier - La Saunerie is a Neolithic lakeside settlement located in the former municipalities of Auvernier and Colombier, now part of Milvignes in the Canton of Neuchâtel, Switzerland. The site is situated on the northern shore of Lake Neuchâtel and was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011 as part of the Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps.

Stilt house
Stilt houses, (also known as pile or lake dwellings) are structures elevated on stilts above the ground or water body. They are primarily built to protect against flooding; and to keep out vermin. The shaded area beneath the house is often used for work or storage. Such dwellings are common across Southeast Asia, Oceania, Central America, the Caribbean, northern parts of South America, the Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives.
Martingale representation theorem
In probability theory, the martingale representation theorem states that a random variable with finite variance that is measurable with respect to the filtration generated by a Brownian motion can be written in terms of an Itô integral with respect to this Brownian motion.

The theorem only asserts the existence of the representation and does not help to find it explicitly; it is possible in many cases to determine the form of the representation using Malliavin calculus.

Similar theorems also exist for martingales on filtrations induced by jump processes, for example, by Markov chains.

Filtration (probability theory)
In the theory of stochastic processes, a subdiscipline of probability theory, filtrations are totally ordered collections of subsets that are used to model the information that is available at a given point and therefore play an important role in the formalization of random (stochastic) processes.
Arai Helmet
Arai Helmet Limited (株式会社 アライヘルメット, Kabushiki-gaisha Arai Herumetto) is a Japanese company that designs and manufactures motorcycle helmets and other helmets for motorsports.

The business has roots from the turn of the century involving cap production, followed by military headgear from 1930 onwards, industrial safety helmets after World War II, and finally motorcycle helmets from 1952 onward.

Motorcycle helmet
A motorcycle helmet is a type of helmet used by motorcycle riders. Motorcycle helmets contribute to motorcycle safety by protecting the rider's head in the event of an impact. They reduce the risk of head injury by 69% and the risk of death by 42%. Their use is required by law in many countries. However, only 10.4% of all motorcyclists wear helmets, according to the World Health Organization in 2016.

Motorcycle helmets consist of a polystyrene foam inner shell that absorbs the shock of an impact, and a protective plastic outer layer. Several variations exist, notably helmets that cover the chin area and helmets that do not. Some helmets provide additional conveniences, such as ventilation, face shields, sun visors, ear protection, or a wireless microphone.
IBSF Para Sport World Championships
The IBSF Para Sport World Championships are the official world-championship events for para-bobsleigh, organized by the International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (IBSF). They are open to athletes with physical impairments and are held annually at varying venues.

They represent the highest level of competition  para-sliding sports and play a key role in the campaign for inclusion in the Paralympic Games, with the IBSF aiming for full recognition by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) for future editions.

International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation
The International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (IBSF) is the international sports federation for the sliding sports of Bobsleigh and Skeleton. It was founded on 23 November 1923 by the delegates of Great Britain, France, Switzerland, Canada, and the United States at the meeting of their first International Congress in Paris, France as the Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing (International Federation of Bobsleigh and Tobogganing; FIBT). In June 2015, it announced a name change from FIBT to IBSF. The federation's headquarters are in Lausanne, Switzerland.

The IBSF works closely with the IOC to conduct Winter Olympics every four years. Along with the Winter Olympics, the IBSF hosts World Championships the other three years. The races are hosted on tracks in North America, Europe, and Asia. The tracks are shared with the sport of Luge, although that is managed under a different governing body, the International Luge Federation.
Josh Sylvester
Joshua Sylvester (born c. 1983) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, a position he has held since 2023. He was previously the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach for eleven seasons before being promoted following the retirement of Mark Robichaud.

Mark Robichaud
Mark Robichaud (born c. 1964) is a former American college football coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth from 2007 until his retirement after the 2022 season; leading the UMass Dartmouth Corsairs football to a record of 70–81 in fifteen seasons. Robichaud previously was an assistant coach for Shepherd, where he helped lead the team to a record of 54–31 in that time span. During his time at Shepherd the team had eight winning seasons, five West Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (WVIAC) championships, three NCAA Division II Football Championship playoffs appearances, and two advances into the second round. At UMass Dartmouth, he led the team back to success by reaching the New England Bowl in 2021, and their first NCAA Division III Football Championship playoff appearance in twenty years in 2022. He finished second all-time in wins with the team.
1993 Allan Cup
The 1993 Allan Cup was the Canadian senior ice hockey championship for the 1992–93 senior "AAA" season.  The event was hosted by the Quesnel Kangaroos in Quesnel, British Columbia.  The 1993 tournament marked the 85th time that the Allan Cup has been awarded.

The 1993 Allan Cup was an absolute rarity, as for the first time a team from the Yukon Territory won the Allan Cup.  Absent from the tournament were any teams from Eastern Canada.

Allan Cup
The Allan Cup is the trophy awarded annually to the senior ice hockey champions of Canada. It was donated by Sir Montagu Allan of Ravenscrag, Montreal, and has been competed for since 1909. It was most recently won by the Wentworth Gryphins in 2025.
Return on tangible equity
Return on Tangible Equity (ROTE) is a financial performance metric that measures a company's profitability relative to its tangible common equity. Unlike Return on Equity, ROE, which includes intangible assets such as goodwill, ROTE focuses solely on the tangible portion of shareholders' equity, excluding intangible assets and preferred equity. This makes ROTE particularly useful for evaluating financial institutions and other asset-heavy businesses where intangible assets may distort traditional equity-based returns. It is calculated by dividing net income attributable to common shareholders by average tangible common equity over a given period. ROTE is often used by investors and analysts to assess how effectively a company is generating profits from its core, tangible capital base, offering a clearer view of operational efficiency and risk-adjusted returns. It is also referred to as Return on average Tangible Common shareholders' Equity,  ROTCE.

Return on equity
The return on equity (ROE) is a measure of the profitability of a business in relation to its equity; 
where:

ROE = ⁠Net Income/Average Shareholders' Equity⁠

Thus, ROE is equal to a fiscal year's net income (after preferred stock dividends, before common stock dividends), divided by total equity (excluding preferred shares), expressed as a percentage.
Because shareholder's equity can be calculated by taking all assets and subtracting all liabilities, ROE can also be thought of as a return on NAV, or assets less liabilities.
Ice Box (Washington)
Ice Box is an 8,112-foot (2,473-metre) mountain summit located in the Entiat Mountains, a sub-range of the North Cascades, in Chelan County of Washington state. Ice Box ranks as ninth-highest in the Entiat Mountains, and 147th of Washington's highest 200 peaks. Its nearest higher neighbor is Mount Maude, 1.8 miles (2.9 km) to the north, Spectacle Buttes are set 1.9 miles (3.1 km) to the northeast, and Chilly Peak is 1.3 miles (2.1 km) to the southeast. Ice Box is situated 1.25 miles (2.01 km) south of Ice Lakes in the Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains east into Ice Creek, or west into Box Creek. This peak is positioned between these two creeks, hence its name.

North Cascades
The North Cascades are a section of the Cascade Range of western North America. They span the border between the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington and are officially named in the U.S. and Canada as the Cascade Mountains.  The portion in Canada is known to Americans as the Canadian Cascades, a designation that also includes the mountains above the east bank of the Fraser Canyon as far north as the town of Lytton, at the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers.

They are predominantly non-volcanic, but include the stratovolcanoes Mount Baker, Glacier Peak and Coquihalla Mountain, which are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
People's Progressive Party (The Gambia)
The People's Progressive Party is a political party in the Gambia. It was the dominant ruling party of the Gambia from 1962 to 1994, during the presidency of party founder Dawda Jawara.

The People's Progressive Party lost power after the 1994 Gambian coup d'état, which saw the beginning of the authoritarian regime of Yahya Jammeh. The Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction (APRC) then became the dominant party of the Gambia. Today, the People's Progressive Party remains active, but lacks the same level of influence it exercised in the late 20th century.

Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction
The Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction (APRC) is a political party in the Gambia. Founded by army officers who staged the 1994 coup, it was the dominant party of the Gambia from 1996 to 2016 under president Yahya Jammeh. While there is not a specific ideology that the party embraces, it first leader Yahya Jammeh advocated during his leadership over the Republic of The Gambia for a liberal market economy.
Russell Boyd
Russell Stewart Boyd, AO, ACS, ASC, (born 21 April 1944) is an Australian cinematographer, known as a key figure in the Australian New Wave of the 1970s, with his work on Picnic at Hanging Rock helping to shape the visual aesthetic of Australian cinema.

Boyd won an Academy Award for Best Cinematography in 2003 for Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World.

American Society of Cinematographers
The American Society of Cinematographers (ASC), founded in Hollywood in 1919, is a cultural, educational, and professional organization that is neither a labor union nor a guild. The society was organized to advance the science and art of cinematography and gather a wide range of cinematographers to discuss techniques and ideas and to advocate for motion pictures as a type of art form. Currently, the president of the ASC is Mandy Walker.

Members use the post-nominal letters "ASC". On the 1920 film titled Sand!, cinematographer Joseph H. August, who was an original member of the ASC, became the first individual to have the "ASC" appear after his name on the onscreen credit.

Only cinematographers and special effect supervisors can become ASC members. Basic requirements include being a director of photography for a minimum five out of the last eight years, having a high professional reputation and being recommended by three active or retired ASC members.
National Route 9 (Argentina)
National Route 9 (in Spanish, Ruta Nacional 9) is a major road in Argentina, which runs from the center-east to the northwest of the country, crossing the provinces of Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Córdoba, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, Salta and Jujuy. It starts on Avenida General Paz, which marks the border between the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and the surrounding province of the same name, and ends at the Horacio Guzmán International Bridge, on the La Quiaca River, traversing 1,967 km (1,222 mi). The road is a limited access motorway from Buenos Aires to Rosario.

Between the cities of San Nicolás de los Arroyos and Rosario (distant about 65 km (40 mi) from each other), the road is named Teniente General Juan José Valle.

Salta Province
Salta (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsalta]) is a province of Argentina, located in the northwest of the country. Neighboring provinces are from the east clockwise Formosa, Chaco, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán and Catamarca. It also surrounds Jujuy. To the north it borders Bolivia and Paraguay and to the west lies Chile.