hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Miron Sher
Miron Naumovich Sher (Russian: Мирон Наумович Шер; June 29, 1952 – August 20, 2020) was a Soviet-born American chess player, who was awarded the title of Grandmaster (GM) by FIDE in 1992. Towards the end of the Soviet era, he began winning the open sections at international tournaments. In 1991, when the Soviet Union dissolved, Sher became a Russian citizen. In 1997, Sher, his wife, Woman Grandmaster (WGM) Alla Grinfeld (ru), and their son, Mikhail, who then was 14, emigrated to America and settled in Brooklyn. Sher went on to become a distinguished scholastic chess coach and clinician in New York and was instrumental in developing several internationally strong players, notably Fabiano Caruana, many times number two in the world, and Robert Hess, who at age 15, while attending Stuyvesant High School, became an international master and at 16, a grandmaster. Before immigrating, Sher had also coached  a number of students around Europe, including Peter Heine Nielsen.

Alexander Baburin
Alexander Evgenyevich Baburin (Russian: Александр Евгеньевич Бабурин, Aleksandr Yevgen'yevich Baburin; born 19 February 1967) is a Russian-Irish grandmaster of chess. He was born in Gorky, and has been living in Dublin, Ireland since 1993. He is editor-in-chief of the e-mail distributed chess newspaper Chess Today and is a coach and author.
António Luís de Seabra, 1st Viscount of Seabra
D. António Luís de Seabra e Sousa, 1st Viscount of Seabra (2 December 1798 – 19 January 1895) was a Portuguese politician, jurist, and magistrate. A notable figure of the Constitutional Monarchy period, he was a government minister, a rector of the University of Coimbra, a judge in the Oporto appellate court, a member of Parliament, a Peer of the Realm, and a judge of the Supreme Court of Justice.

The Viscount of Seabra is best known as the author of the first Portuguese Civil Code, in 1867, which remained in force for a full century; the original Code is still generally referred to as "the Seabra Code".

Chamber of Most Worthy Peers
The Chamber of Peers of Portugal, alternatively translatable as the House of Lords and formally styled the Chamber of the Most Worthy Peers of the Realm (Portuguese: Câmara dos Pares or Câmara dos Digníssimos Pares do Reino), was the upper house of the Cortes Gerais, the legislature of the Kingdom of Portugal during most of the constitutional monarchy period. Members of the Chamber were Peers of the Realm, appointed directly at the pleasure of the Portuguese monarch.
BMS Scuderia Italia
BMS Scuderia Italia SpA (sometimes referred to as simply Scuderia Italia) is an auto racing team founded in 1983 in Brescia by Italian businessman and motorsports enthusiast Giuseppe Lucchini. Originally named Brixia Motor Sport (BMS), the team initially competed in the World Touring Car Championship. The team's name was altered to BMS Scuderia Italia upon their entrance into Formula One in 1988. After departing Formula One in 1993, BMS Scuderia Italia has continued to be involved in other categories such as touring car racing and sports car racing.

Scuderia Italia has been associated with many automobile manufacturers, including Alfa Romeo, Lancia, Ferrari, Nissan, Porsche, and Aston Martin. The team raced Ferrari F430s in the FIA GT Championship, while their Brixia Racing arm competed in the FIA GT3 European Championship and Italian GT Championship with Aston Martin DBRS9's.

Aston Martin DBRS9
The Aston Martin DBRS9 was a racing car built by Aston Martin Racing to be a cheaper alternative to the Aston Martin DBR9, both of which are based on the Aston Martin DB9. The DBRS9 was introduced in 2005 and has since been replaced with the Aston Martin V12 Vantage GT3.
João de Castro
D. João de Castro (27 February 1500 – 6 June 1548) was a Portuguese nobleman, scientist, writer and colonial administrator, being the fourth Portuguese Viceroy of India from 1545 to 1548. He was called Strong Castro (Portuguese: Castro Forte) by the poet Luís de Camões. De Castro was the second son of Álvaro de Castro, the civil governor of Lisbon. His wife was Leonor Coutinho.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.
Saïd Benrahma
Mohamed Saïd Benrahma (Arabic: مُحَمَّد سَعِيد بْن رَحْمَة; born 10 August 1995) is an Algerian professional footballer who plays for Saudi Pro League club Neom and the Algeria national team. Usually a left winger, he can also play as an attacking or left midfielder.

Benrahma began his professional career with Ligue 1 side Nice, later spending time on loan with fellow French clubsAngers, Gazélec and Châteauroux during his early career. He came to prominence in the EFL Championship after a move to Brentford in 2018, scoring 27 goals in 83 appearances for the West London outfit before moving on loan to fellow East London side West Ham United in the Premier League in October 2020. He later joined the club permanently in January 2021 following a subsequent loan cancellation. In June 2024, Lyon exercised their purchase option and signed him on a permanent basis following a successful loan spell.

Neom SC
Neom Sports Club (stylized as NEOM S.C.; Arabic: نادي نيوم الرياضي) is a Saudi Arabian professional football and multi-sports club based in the Tabuk Province of Saudi Arabia. The club is named after the planned urban area of Neom and competes in the Saudi Pro League, the top tier of the Saudi football league system.
Baldwin II, Margrave of Flanders
Baldwin II (c. 865 – 10 September 918) was the second margrave (or count) of Flanders, ruling from 879 to 918. He was nicknamed  the Bald (Calvus) after his maternal grandfather, Emperor Charles the Bald.

Charles the Bald
Charles the Bald (French: Charles le Chauve; 13 June 823 – 6 October 877) was a king of West Francia (843–77), king of Italy (875–77) and emperor of the Carolingian Empire (875–77). After a series of civil wars during the reign of his father, Louis the Pious, Charles succeeded, by the Treaty of Verdun (843), in acquiring the western third of the empire. He was a grandson of Charlemagne and the youngest son of Louis the Pious by his second wife, Judith.
Blind Willie McTell (song)
"Blind Willie McTell" is a song written and performed by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. Named for the blues singer of the same name, the song was recorded in the spring of 1983, during the sessions for Dylan's album Infidels; however, it was ultimately left off the album and did not receive an official release until 1991, when it appeared on The Bootleg Series Volumes 1–3 (Rare & Unreleased) 1961–1991. It was also later anthologized on Dylan (2007).

The Bootleg Series Volumes 1–3 (Rare & Unreleased) 1961–1991
The Bootleg Series Volumes 1–3 is a box set by Bob Dylan issued on Columbia Records. It is the first installment in Dylan's Bootleg Series, comprising material spanning the first three decades of his career, from 1961 to 1989. It has been certified with a gold record by the RIAA as of August 1997, and peaked at No. 49 on the Billboard 200 and No. 32 in the UK.
Kazhuoish languages
The Kazhuoish languages are a branch of Loloish languages proposed by Lama (2012). There are five languages.

Katso

Samu

Sanie

Sadu

Meuma

Samei may or may not be a Kazhuoish language.

However, Bradley (2007) classifies the Kazhuoish languages as Northern Loloish, and considers Samu and Sanie to be closely related to Nasu.

Samu language
The Samu (autonym: sa33 mu33; Chinese: 撒慕) language, or Samatao (sa33 ma21 taw21; Chinese 撒马多 Samaduo), also known as Eastern Samadu, is a Loloish language spoken by older adults in Zijun Village 子君村 (also called Da'er), Yiliu Township 矣六乡, Guandu District 官渡区, Kunming, China. Although there was an ethnic population of 2,465 in 1999, there are no fluent speakers under 50 years of age.
475 °C embrittlement
Duplex stainless steels are a family of alloys with a two-phase microstructure consisting of both austenitic (face-centred cubic) and ferritic (body-centred cubic) phases. They offer excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and toughness compared to other types of stainless steel. However, duplex stainless steel can be susceptible to a phenomenon known as 475 °C (887 °F) embrittlement or duplex stainless steel age hardening, which is a type of aging process that causes loss of plasticity in duplex stainless steel when it is heated in the range of 250 to 550 °C (480 to 1,020 °F). At this temperature range, spontaneous phase separation of the ferrite phase into iron-rich and chromium-rich nanophases occurs, with no change in the mechanical properties of the austenite phase. This type of embrittlement is due to precipitation hardening, which makes the material become brittle and prone to cracking.

Austenite
Austenite, also known as gamma-phase iron (γ-Fe), is a metallic, non-magnetic allotrope of iron or a solid solution of iron with an alloying element. In plain-carbon steel, austenite exists above the critical eutectoid temperature of 1000 K (727 °C); other alloys of steel have different eutectoid temperatures. The austenite allotrope is named after Sir William Chandler Roberts-Austen (1843–1902). It exists at room temperature in some stainless steels due to the presence of nickel stabilizing the austenite at lower temperatures.
Clément Berthet
Clément Berthet (born 2 August 1997) is a French road cyclist and former cross-country mountain biker, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Decathlon–AG2R La Mondiale.

Berthet switched to road cycling in 2021, signing a four-year contract with Delko. However, on 1 August, he made a mid-season transfer to AG2R Citroën Team, signing a three-year contract.

Decathlon CMA CGM Team
Decathlon CMA CGM (UCI team code: DCT) is a French cycling team with UCI WorldTeam status. Its title sponsors are French sporting goods retailer Decathlon and French shipping and logistics company CMA CGM. The team is predominantly French.
Jenni Saarinen
Jenni Saarinen (born 9 March 1999) is a Finnish retired competitive figure skater. She is a two-time Challenger series bronze medalist, a two-time Nordics champion (2015, 2019), the 2018 Christmas Cup silver medalist, and the 2022 Finnish national champion. Saarinen represented Finland at the 2022 Winter Olympics.

ISU Challenger Series
The ISU Challenger Series is a series of ten international figure skating competitions sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU) and organized by ISU member nations. The series was introduced in 2014; its stated goal is to provide consistent organization and structure within a series of international competitions, as well as opportunities for senior-level skaters to compete at the international level while also earning World Standing points. The Nebelhorn Trophy, the Nepela Memorial, and the Golden Spin of Zagreb have been regular competitions in the series since the beginning, as was the Finlandia Trophy until 2024. Skaters and teams are eligible to compete in up to three Challenger Series events each season, and their top two scores are combined to calculate their total Challenger Series scores.
Serial Storage Architecture
Serial Storage Architecture (SSA) was a serial transport protocol used to attach disk drives to server computers. It was developed by IBM employee Ian Judd in 1990 to provide data redundancy for critical applications. SSA was deployed in server RAID environments, where it was capable of providing for up to 80 MB/s of data throughput, with sustained data rates as high as 60 MB/s in non-RAID mode and 35 MB/s in RAID mode.

SSA was promoted as an open standard by the SSA Industry Association, unlike its predecessor, the first generation Serial Disk Subsystem. A number of vendors including IBM, Pathlight Technology and Vicom Systems produced products based on SSA. It was also adopted as an American National Standards Institute (ANSI) X3T10.1 standard. SSA devices are logically SCSI devices and conform to all of the SCSI command protocols.

Megabyte
The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information. Its recommended unit symbol is MB.  The unit prefix mega is a multiplier of 1000000 (106) in the International System of Units (SI). Therefore, one megabyte is one million bytes of information. This definition has been incorporated into the International System of Quantities.

In the computer and information technology fields, other definitions have been used that arose for historical reasons of convenience. A common usage has been to designate one megabyte as 1048576bytes (220 B), a quantity that conveniently expresses the binary architecture of digital computer memory. Standards bodies have deprecated this binary usage of the mega- prefix in favor of a new set of binary prefixes, by means of which the quantity 220 B is named mebibyte (symbol MiB).
Urethral hypermobility
Urethral hypermobility is a condition of excessive movement of the female urethra due to a weakened urogenital diaphragm. It describes the instability of the urethra in relation to the pelvic floor muscles. A weakened pelvic floor muscle fails to adequately close the urethra and hence can cause stress urinary incontinence. This condition may be diagnosed by primary care providers or urologists. Treatment may include pelvic floor muscle exercises, surgery (e.g. urethral sling), or minimally invasive procedures (e.g. urethral bulking injections).

Kegel exercise
Kegel exercise, also known as pelvic floor exercise, involves repeatedly contracting and relaxing the muscles that form part of the pelvic floor, also sometimes colloquially referred to as the "Kegel muscles". The exercise can be performed many times a day, for several minutes at a time, but takes one to three months to begin to have an effect.

Kegel exercises aim to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. These muscles have many functions within the human body. In women, they are responsible for holding up the bladder, preventing urinary stress incontinence (especially after childbirth), vaginal and uterine prolapse. In men, these muscles are responsible for urinary continence, fecal continence, and ejaculation. Several tools exist to help with these exercises, although various studies debate the relative effectiveness of different tools versus traditional exercises.

The American gynecologist Arnold Kegel first published a description of such exercises in 1948.
Leinster League Division One
Leinster League Division One, as the name implies, is the first division of the Leinster League and started in the 1994/95 season.

Suttonians, Co. Carlow, Arklow, Mullingar, Garda, Navan, Naas, Wexford Wanderers, Portlaoise, Dundalk and Enniscorthy entered the division through the qualifying matches in the 1993/1994 season.

The number of teams in the division was reduced from 14 to 12 in the 2007/08 season, but this was reversed in the 2008/09 season.

County Carlow Football Club
County Carlow Football Club is a rugby union club in Carlow, Ireland, playing in Division 1B of the Leinster League. The club was founded in October 1873, and is one of the oldest rugby clubs in Ireland. As was usual in the days preceding the development of Gaelic football and soccer and prior to the foundation of the Rugby Football Union, the earlier clubs were known simply as "football clubs" with no mention of rugby in the title. The County Carlow club was formed, therefore, (and is correctly known) as "County Carlow Football Club."
Nikko Jenkins
Nikko Allen Jenkins (sometimes spelled Nicholas on first name; born September 16, 1986) is an American spree killer convicted of four murders, committed in August 2013 over a ten-day period in Omaha, Nebraska. The murders occurred within a month after he had been released from prison after serving 10-and-a-half years of an 18 year sentence for a carjacking and assaults committed in prison. Jenkins was aided by family members in some of the murders and later stated that he had committed the killings at the command of the ancient serpent god Apophis. He was found competent to stand trial, found guilty of the four murders, and was sentenced to death in May 2017.

Capital punishment in Nebraska
Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the U.S. state of Nebraska. In 2015, the state legislature voted to repeal the death penalty, overriding governor Pete Ricketts' veto. However, a petition drive secured enough signatures to suspend the repeal until a public vote. In the November 2016 general election, voters rejected the repeal measure, preserving capital punishment in the state. Nebraska currently has 11 inmates on death row.

On August 14, 2018, Nebraska executed Carey Dean Moore, convicted of murder, in what was the state's first execution in 21 years, and the first by lethal injection. Moore’s execution was also notable for being the first in the US to be carried-out using fentanyl, a powerful opioid painkiller.
Lady Cynthia Colville
Lady Helen Cynthia Colville DCVO DBE OStJ JP FRCM (née Milnes, later Crewe-Milnes; 20 May 1884 – 15 June 1968) was an English courtier and social worker, serving as a Woman of the Bedchamber to Queen Mary, while at the same time devoting her energies to alleviating the suffering of Shoreditch, one of the poorest areas of the East End of London.

Royal College of Music
The Royal College of Music (RCM) is a conservatoire established by royal charter in 1882, located in South Kensington, London, UK. It offers training from the undergraduate to the doctoral level in all aspects of Western Music including performance, composition, conducting, music theory and history, and has trained some of the most important figures in international music life. The RCM also conducts research in performance practice and performance science.

The RCM has over 900 students from more than 50 countries, with professors who include many who are musicians with worldwide reputations.

The college is one of the four conservatories of the Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music and a member of Conservatoires UK. Its buildings are directly opposite the Royal Albert Hall on Prince Consort Road, next to Imperial College and among the museums and cultural centres of Albertopolis.
Feed the Beast (Kim Petras album)
Feed the Beast is the debut studio album by German singer Kim Petras. It was released on 23 June 2023 through Amigo
and Republic. A pop and dance album, Feed the Beast explores themes of love, heartbreak and hedonism, filled with sex-positive lyrics on many of its songs. It was preceded by the lead single "Alone" with Nicki Minaj, and also includes collaborations with Banks and Sam Smith.

The record was met with mixed-to-positive reviews; some critics found the album entertaining and praised Petras's songwriting and vocal performances, while others found it to be safe and inferior to her previous releases.

To promote the album, Petras embarked on the Feed the Beast World Tour. Commercially, the album debuted and peaked at number 24 in her native Germany, while it became her first charting album in the United States and the United Kingdom.

Sex-positive movement
The sex-positive movement is a social and philosophical movement that seeks to change cultural attitudes and norms around sexuality, promoting the recognition of sexuality (in the countless forms of expression) as a natural and healthy part of the human experience and emphasizing the importance of personal sovereignty, safer sex practices, and consensual sex (free from violence or coercion). It is based on the idea that "sexuality is an important part of the human experience and it deserves respect." Although the definition of the term greatly varies among those involved in the movement, its central notion is "openness to a variety of sexual orientations, interests (or lack thereof), identities and expressions." The sex-positive movement also advocates for comprehensive sex education and safe sex as part of its campaign. The movement generally makes no moral distinctions among types of sexual activities, regarding these choices as matters of personal preference.
Formica pallidefulva
Formica pallidefulva (a field ant) is a species of ant found in North America. It is a red to dark brown ant with a shiny body, and varies in shade across its range. Colonies of this ant are found in a variety of habitats, where they excavate underground nests with galleries and chambers. In some parts of its range, the nests may be raided by slave-making ants, most notably Formica pergandei and Polyergus montivagus.

Slave-making ant
Slave-making ants or slaver ants are brood parasites that capture broods of other ant species to increase the worker force of their colony. After emerging in the slave-maker nest, slave workers work as if they were in their own colony, while parasite workers only concentrate on replenishing the labor force from neighboring host nests, a process called slave raiding.

The slave-making ants are specialized to parasitize a single species or a group of related species, and they are often close relatives to their hosts, which is typical for social parasites. The slave-makers may either be permanent social parasites (thus depending on enslaved ants throughout their whole lives) or facultative slave-makers. The behavior is unusual among ants but has evolved several times independently.
Cemal Amet
Cemal Amet (born 29 March 1998) is a footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for SK Austria Klagenfurt in the Austrian Football First League. Born in Austria, he represented Turkey at youth international levels.

SK Austria Klagenfurt (2007)
Sportklub Austria Klagenfurt is an Austrian professional football club based in the Carinthian capital Klagenfurt. The club currently compete in the 2. Liga, following relegation from the Austrian Bundesliga in 2024–25.
Greg Fergus
Gregory Christophe Fergus PC MP (born May 31, 1969) is a Canadian politician who served as the 39th speaker of the House of Commons from October 3, 2023 to May 26, 2025. He is the member of Parliament (MP) for Hull—Aylmer.

A member of the Liberal Party, Fergus was first elected in the 2015 federal election and has held a number of portfolios as a parliamentary secretary. Before his election to Parliament, Fergus worked as a political staffer.

King's Privy Council for Canada
The King's Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé du Roi pour le Canada), sometimes called His Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council (PC), is the full group of personal advisors to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. Practically, the tenets of responsible government require the sovereign or his viceroy, the governor general, almost always to follow only that advice tendered by the Cabinet: a committee within the Privy Council composed usually of elected members of Parliament. Those summoned to the Privy Council are appointed for life by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The group is composed predominantly of former Cabinet ministers, with some others having been inducted as an honorary gesture. Privy counsellors are accorded the use of an honorific style and post-nominal letters, as well as various signifiers of precedence.