hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Netball in Asia
Netball is popular in several parts of Asia. The IFNA Asia region includes countries such as Australia (geopolitically considered part of Oceania), India, Malaysia, Singapore and Sri Lanka. The major regional competition is the Asian Netball Championship. In 1994, the first Asian Youth Championship was held in Hong Kong.

Asian Netball Championships
The Asian Netball Championship is a netball competition held every two years with teams from across Asia competing. First 7 editions were held every four years, then changed to every two years starting from 2012. Sri Lanka is the reigning champion of the tournament and also the most successful team, having won the Asian Netball Championships 6 times. Singapore has 3 championships and Malaysia has two. From the first edition of the tournament held in 1985, Sri Lanka, Singapore and Malaysia have dominated by always finishing within the top three. The only exception is the 3rd edition of the tournament held in 1993 where host nation Hong Kong won the championship.
Lee Chih-Kung
Lee Chih-Kung (C.K. Lee; Chinese: 李世光; pinyin: Lǐ Shìguāng; born October 1959) is a Taiwanese applied physicist and engineer. He is a distinguished professor of electronics engineering at National Taiwan University.

Applied physics
Applied physics is the application of physics to solve scientific or engineering problems. It is usually considered a bridge or a connection between physics and engineering.
"Applied" is distinguished from "pure" by a subtle combination of factors, such as the motivation and attitude of researchers and the nature of the relationship to the technology or science that may be affected by the work. Applied physics is rooted in the fundamental truths and basic concepts of the physical sciences but is concerned with the utilization of scientific principles in practical devices and systems and with the application of physics in other areas of science and high technology.
Desbutal
Desbutal was the brand name of a fixed-dose combination formulation composed of 5mg of the central nervous system (CNS) stimulant ("upper") amphetamine derivative, methamphetamine hydrochloride (HCl) and 30 mg of the CNS depressant ("downer") barbiturate, pentobarbital sodium. Manufactured by Abbott Laboratories as a scored tablet to be taken orally.

Marketed as an antidepressant, as well an anorectic for treating obesity, a treatment for narcolepsy, parkinsonism, alcoholism, and some off-label uses, Desbutal had a high potential for abuse and dependence, consequently being discontinued.

Anorectic
An anorectic is a drug that reduces appetite, resulting in lower food consumption, leading to weight loss. These substances work by affecting the central nervous system or certain neurotransmitters to create a feeling of fullness or reduce the desire to eat. The understanding of anorexiant effects is crucial in the development of interventions for weight management, eating disorders, and related health concerns. The anorexiant effect can be induced through diverse mechanisms, ranging from hormonal regulation to neural signaling. Ghrelin, leptin, and peptide YY are among the hormones involved in appetite control. Additionally, neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine in the central nervous system contribute significantly to the regulation of food intake.

By contrast, an appetite stimulant is referred to as orexigenic.

The term is (from the Greek ἀν- an- 'without' and ὄρεξις órexis 'appetite'), and such drugs are also known as anorexigenic, anorexiant, or appetite suppressant.
Philipp von Stadion und Thannhausen
Philipp Franz Emerich Karl von Stadion (9 May 1799 – 19 March 1868 in Vienna) was an Austrian feldmarschall-leutnant (lieutenant field marshal) and Landkomtur (National Commander) of the Teutonic Order in Austria.

Commander (order)
Commander (Italian: Commendatore; French: Commandeur; German: Komtur; Spanish: Comendador; Portuguese: Comendador), or Knight Commander, is a title of honor prevalent in chivalric orders and fraternal orders.

The title of Commander occurred in the medieval military orders, such as the Knights Hospitaller, for a member senior to a Knight. Variations include Knight Commander, notably in English, sometimes used to denote an even higher rank than Commander. In some orders of chivalry, Commander ranks above Officier (i.e. Officer), but below one or more ranks with a prefix meaning 'Great', e.g. Grand- in French, Grosskomtur in German, Gran Comendador (using an equivalent suffix) in Spanish, Grande Ufficiale in Italian, and Groot- in Dutch (Grootcommandeur, 'Grand Commander'), Grand Cross.
Protechiurus
Protechiurus is an extinct conical organism from the Ediacaran Nama Group in Namibia. First interpreted as a echiurid worm, it is now interpreted as a cnidarian. It is a monotypic genus, containing only Protechiurus edmondsi.

Echiura
The Echiura, or spoon worms, are a small group of marine animals. Once treated as a separate phylum, they are now considered to belong to Annelida. Annelids typically have their bodies divided into segments, but echiurans have secondarily lost their segmentation. The majority of echiurans live in burrows in soft sediment in shallow water, but some live in rock crevices or under boulders, and there are also deep sea forms. More than 230 species have been described.
Spoon worms are cylindrical, soft-bodied animals usually possessing a non-retractable proboscis which can be rolled into a scoop-shape to feed. In some species the proboscis is ribbon-like, longer than the trunk and may have a forked tip. Spoon worms vary in size from less than a centimetre in length to more than a metre.

Most are deposit feeders, collecting detritus from the sea floor. Fossils of these worms are seldom found and the earliest known fossil specimen is from the Middle Ordovician.
Kwentong Jollibee
Kwentong Jollibee (English: Jollibee Stories) is a series of short films released to promote Jollibee.

Created by advertising agency, McCann Philippines for Jollibee, the videos were released on Facebook and the Jollibee Studios YouTube channel. The first episodes were released on February 14, 2016 with the last episode released on May 2024.

Advertising agency
An advertising agency, often referred to as a creative agency or an ad agency, is a business dedicated to creating, planning, and handling advertising and sometimes other forms of promotion and marketing for its clients. An ad agency is generally independent of the client; it may be an internal department or agency that provides an outside point of view to the effort of selling the client's products or services, or an outside firm. An agency can also handle overall marketing and branding strategies and promotions for its clients, which may include sales as well.

Typical ad agency clients include businesses and corporations, non-profit organizations and private agencies. Agencies may be hired to produce television advertisements, radio advertisements, online advertising, out-of-home advertising, mobile marketing, and AR advertising, as part of an advertising campaign.
Helmut Kallmann
Helmut Max Kallmann CM (7 August 1922 – 12 February 2012) was a Canadian musicologist, music educator, librarian, and scholar of Canadian music history. He was a librarian at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, head of the music division at Library Archives Canada, and co-founder of the Canadian Music Library Association.

Library and Archives Canada
Library and Archives Canada (LAC; French: Bibliothèque et Archives Canada) is the federal institution tasked with acquiring, preserving, and providing accessibility to the documentary heritage of Canada. The national archive and library is the 16th largest library in the world. The LAC reports to the Parliament of Canada through the Minister of Canadian Identity and Culture.

LAC traces its origins to the Dominion Archives, formed in 1872, and the National Library of Canada, formed in 1953. The former was later renamed as the Public Archives of Canada in 1912, and the National Archives of Canada in 1987. In 2004, the National Archives of Canada and the National Library of Canada were merged to form Library and Archives Canada.
Bucculatrix nigricomella
Bucculatrix nigricomella is a species of moth of the family Bucculatricidae. It was first described in 1839 by Philipp Christoph Zeller. It is found in most of Europe (except the Balkan Peninsula).

The wingspan is 7–8 mm. The head is dark fuscous. Antennal eyecaps whitish, forewings shining greyish-bronzy, pairs of costal and dorsal undefined ochreous whitish spots before middle and at 2/3. Hindwings are rather dark grey. The larva is greenish or yellowish; head pale brown; segment 2. On the Continent ([Europe]) the usual form of the imago is almost unicolorous, the spots being nearly or quite obsolete, but this form does not seem to have occurred in England.

Adults are on wing from April to May and again in August. There are two generations per year.

The larvae feed on Leucanthemum vulgare. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Plant of Chrysanthemum leucanthemum with mined leaves

Mining larva

Externally feeding larva

Leucanthemum vulgare
Leucanthemum vulgare, commonly known as the ox-eye daisy, oxeye daisy, dog daisy, marguerite (French: Marguerite commune, "common marguerite") and other common names, is a widespread flowering plant native to Europe and the temperate regions of Asia, and an introduced plant to North America, Australia and New Zealand.
Shirine Boukli
Shirine Boukli (born 24 January 1999) is a French judoka. She won one of the bronze medals in the women's 48 kg event at the 2024 Summer Olympics held in Paris, France. In 2023, she won the silver medal in the women's 48 kg event at the World Judo Championships held in Doha, Qatar. And the gold medal in the women's 48 kg event at the European Judo Championships in 2020, 2022 and 2023.

2023 World Judo Championships
The 2023 World Judo Championships were held at the Ali Bin Hamad al-Attiyah Arena in Doha, Qatar, from 7 to 14 May 2023 as part of the IJF World Tour and during the 2024 Summer Olympics qualification period, concluding with a mixed team event on the final day.
Mirror Earth
Mirror Earth: The Search for Our Planet's Twin is a 2012 non-fiction book by Michael D. Lemonick. It discusses the work of "exoplaneteers"—defining the term as a group of scientists looking through various other planetary systems to detect alternate planets that are suitable for possible life.

Lemonick has served as a science journalist for Time as well as an author of multiple other books such as Echo of the Big Bang. Positive reviews for his latest book appeared in publications such as Kirkus Reviews, Publishers Weekly, and The Wall Street Journal.

Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is a measure used in astrobiology to characterize a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain an environment hospitable to life. The Planetary Habitability Laboratory maintains a catalog of potentially habitable exoplanets.
Gallium acetate
Gallium acetate is a salt composed of a gallium atom trication and three acetate groups as anions where gallium exhibits the +3 oxidation state. It has a chemical formula of Ga(CH3COO)3 although it can be informally referred to as GaAc because Ac is an informal symbol for acetate. Gallium is moderately water-soluble and decomposes to gallium oxide when heated to around 70 °C. Gallium acetate, like other acetate compounds, is a good precursor to ultra-pure compounds, catalysts and nanoscale materials. Gallium acetate is being considered as a substitute in de-icing compounds like calcium chloride and magnesium chloride.

Acetate
An acetate is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with a base (e.g. alkaline, earthy, metallic, nonmetallic, or radical base). "Acetate" also describes the conjugate base or ion (specifically, the negatively charged ion called an anion) typically found in aqueous solution and written with the chemical formula C2H3O−2. The neutral molecules formed by the combination of the acetate ion and a positive ion (called a cation) are also commonly called "acetates" (hence, acetate of lead, acetate of aluminium, etc.). The simplest of these is hydrogen acetate (called acetic acid) with corresponding salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion CH3CO−2, or CH3COO−.

Most of the approximately 5 million tonnes of acetic acid produced annually in industry are used in the production of acetates, which usually take the form of polymers. In nature, acetate is the most common building block for biosynthesis.
Ziraat Katılım
Ziraat Katılım is a public participation bank in Turkey. The bank was founded on 12 May 2015, and is owned by the Turkey Wealth Fund. Ziraat Katılım is a member of Ziraat Finance Group, which has Turkey's largest bank Ziraat Bank both per number of branches and total assets, as of 2016. Its official motto is “Paylaştıkça daha fazlası”, meaning “Even more when shared”.

The official opening ceremony was held on 29 May 2015, on the anniversary of Fall of Constantinople with participation of the President of Turkey. First account was opened for the President Erdoğan.

The logo of the bank is very similar to Ziraat Bankası, both resembling an "ear of wheat" with bank initials, ZB and ZK respectively. Ziraat Bank logo additionally contains the letters "TC" for the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti).

Ziraat Katılım has 166 branches across Turkey as of 6 May 2023. The bank holds Islamic banking licenses for profit and loss sharing, consumer finance, and credit card services.

Ziraat Bank
Ziraat Bankası (lit. 'Agriculture Bank') is a Turkish public bank founded in 1863. The bank provides commercial loan support to companies and tradesmen, as well as personal loans such as consumer loans, vehicle loans and housing loans.
Wafula Oguttu
Phillip Wafula Oguttu (born 21 December 1952) is a Ugandan journalist and politician. He is a former Leader of Opposition in the Ugandan Parliament. He was appointed to that position on 31 January 2014, replacing Nandala Mafabi, and held it until June 2016 when he handed over the position to Winnie Kiiza.

Oguttu was formerly the Member of Parliament (MP) for Bukhooli County Central, a constituency in Bugiri District, Busoga Sub-region, Eastern Region of Uganda, a role he held from 2011 until 2016. He is a member of Uganda's opposition party Forum for Democratic Change (FDC) for which he is the spokesperson.

Oguttu is also one of the co-founders of the Daily Monitor, a privately owned English-language daily newspaper in Uganda.

Parliament of Uganda
The Parliament of Uganda is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Uganda. One of its primary functions is to pass laws that support effective governance in the country. Government ministers are required to answer to the people's representatives on the floor of the house and may be appointed from amongst its members.

Through the various parliamentary committees, parliament scrutinises government programmes, particularly as outlined in the State of the Nation address by the president. Fiscal matters, such as taxation and loans, require parliamentary approval after appropriate debate.Parliament also holds the authority to confirm certain presidential nominations and, through a motion of censure, may compel a Minister to resign.
Walter Futter
Walter Futter (January 2, 1900 – March 3, 1958) was a film producer and director in the United States. After an initial career cutting and editing films, Futter began writing and producing his own shorts and movies, often using footage he acquired. He had success with Africa Speaks!, a popular movie, which combined Paul L. Hoefler's footage filmed in the field, staged scenes filmed in Los Angeles, and narration by Lowell Thomas. He produced more than 250 short films, including series of shorts entitled Walter Futter's Traveloques and Walter Futter's Curiosities. Hoot Gibson starred in a number of his western films. Another of his more than 50 longer films was Jericho, also called Dark Sands.

Hoot Gibson
Edmund Richard "Hoot" Gibson (August 6, 1892 – August 23, 1962) was an American rodeo champion, film actor, film director, and producer. While acting and stunt work began as a sideline to Gibson's focus on rodeo, he successfully transitioned from silent films to become a leading performer in Hollywood's growing cowboy film industry.

During the period between World War I and World War II, he was second only to cowboy film legend Tom Mix as a box office draw. He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and was inducted into the Western Performers Hall of Fame at the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.
Zircon affair
The Zircon affair was an incident in 1986 and 1987 caused by the planned broadcast  on the BBC of a television programme about the ultimately cancelled Zircon signals intelligence satellite, as part of the six-part Secret Society series. It raised many important issues in the British constitution, particularly concerning parliamentary privilege and "gagging orders".

D-Notice
In the United Kingdom, D-Notices, officially known since 2015 as DSMA-Notices (Defence and Security Media Advisory Notices), are official requests to news editors not to publish or broadcast items on specified subjects for reasons of national security.

DSMA-Notices were originally called Defence Notices (abbreviated to D-Notice) from their inception in 1912 to 1993, and DA-Notices (Defence Advisory Notices) from 1993 until the mid-2010s.

A similar D-Notice system was previously operational in Australia, but has fallen into disuse. Sweden maintained a similar "gray notice" system during World War II, as described below.
Football in the Czech Republic
This article discusses the structure of football leagues in the Czech Republic. These leagues are organised by The Football Association of the Czech Republic (FAČR) (Czech: Fotbalová asociace České republiky). Football is the most popular sport in the Czech Republic. Approximately half of the Czech people are interested in football.

Football Association of the Czech Republic
The Football Association of the Czech Republic (Czech: Fotbalová asociace České republiky; FAČR), or colloquially the Czech Football Association, is the governing body of association football in the Czech Republic based in Prague. It organizes the lower-level league competitions in the country and Czech Cup. On the other hand, the professional Czech First League and Czech Second League are organized independently.
Rifle Is Beautiful
Rifle Is Beautiful (ライフル・イズ・ビューティフル, Raifuru Izu Byūtifuru), also known as Chidori RSC, is a Japanese shooting sport four-panel manga series by Salmiakki. It was serialized online via Shueisha's Tonari no Young Jump website from April 2015 to July 2020, and was collected in six tankōbon volumes. It follows a young incoming high school student who is excited to join her school's shooting club, which was shut down, only for her attempts to revive it.

An anime television series adaptation by studio 3Hz aired from October 2019 to January 2020.

3Hz
3Hz Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社3Hz, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha San Herutsu) was a Japanese animation studio established by ex-Kinema Citrus animators. Yuichiro Matsuka founded the studio in March 2013. The company is referred to as Studio 3 Hz in anime credits.

On June 17, 2024, 3 Hz announced that it had transferred its animation planning and production business to A-1 Pictures. The company added that its business will continue at A-1 Pictures. Studio 3 Hz and the official X account for the Sword Art Online Alternative: Gun Gale Online II anime confirmed the same staff who have been working on the anime will continue to work on the anime at A-1 Pictures.
Mallee (region of Victoria)
The Mallee is a sub-region of Loddon Mallee covering the most north-westerly part of Victoria, Australia, bounded by the South Australian and New South Wales borders. Definitions of the south-eastern boundary vary; all are based on the historic Victorian distribution of mallee eucalypts, which dominate the surviving native vegetation through most of Mallee. Its biggest settlements are Mildura and Swan Hill.

The Mallee is characterised by low, inconsistent precipitation, high summer temperatures and infertile soils, with it being described as semi-desert. The region is also known as the Victorian outback.

An area of South Australia immediately to the west of the Victorian Mallee region, also once covered with mallee scrub, is known as the Murray Mallee.

Swan Hill
Swan Hill is a city in the northwest of Victoria, Australia on the Murray Valley Highway and on the south bank of the Murray River, downstream from the junction of the Loddon River. At the 2021 census, Swan Hill had a population of 11,508.
Uozu Station
Uozu Station (魚津駅, Uozu-eki) is a railway station on the Ainokaze Toyama Railway Line in the city of Uozu, Toyama, Japan, operated by the third-sector railway operator Ainokaze Toyama Railway. It is also a freight terminal for the Japan Freight Railway Company.

Ainokaze Toyama Railway
The Ainokaze Toyama Railway (あいの風とやま鉄道株式会社, Ainokaze Toyama Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese third-sector railway operating company established in 2012 to operate passenger railway services on the section of the JR West Hokuriku Main Line within Toyama Prefecture when it was separated from the JR West network in March 2015, coinciding with the opening of the Hokuriku Shinkansen extension from Nagano to Kanazawa. The company was founded on 24 July 2012, and has its headquarters in Toyama in Toyama Prefecture.
Bagh Bondi Khela (TV series)
Bagh Bondi Khela is an Indian Bengali television supernatural soap opera that premiered on 6 January 2020 and aired on Bengali GEC Zee Bangla. The show starred Rubel Das and Ishani Das in lead roles and Rukma Roy as the main antagonist.

Rubel Das
Surya Rubel Das (born 5 September 1990) is an Indian actor who has appeared in Bengali films and television serials. He made his acting debut with the Bengali film Beparoyaa. The Calcutta Times voted him as one of the top 10 Most Desirable Men in 2018.
Childhoods (film)
Childhoods (original title: Enfances) is a 2007 French anthology film directed by Yann Le Gal, Isild Le Besco, Joana Hadjithomas, Khalil Joreige, Ismaël Ferroukhi, Corinne Garfin and Safy Nebbou. Although a French reference gives its running time as 84 minutes, other resources indicate 80 minutes, with the work, in its entirety, composed of six vignettes, between 10 and 15 minutes in length, each by a different director, depicting formative incidents in the pre-adolescent lives of iconic filmmakers  Fritz Lang, Orson Welles, Jacques Tati, Jean Renoir, Alfred Hitchcock and Ingmar Bergman, with each segment structured to resemble its subject's familiar signature style.

Written by Yann Le Gal, the director of the Fritz Lang segment, the project was realized during 2006–07 and premiered in Germany at the Hamburg Film Festival.

Jacques Tati
Jacques Tati (French: [tati]; born Jacques Tatischeff, pronounced [tatiʃɛf]; 9 October 1907 – 5 November 1982) was a French mime, filmmaker, actor and screenwriter. In an Entertainment Weekly poll of the Greatest Movie Directors he was voted 46th (a list of the top 50 was published), though he had directed only six feature-length films.

Tati is perhaps best known for his portrayal of the character Monsieur Hulot, featured in Les Vacances de Monsieur Hulot (1953), Mon Oncle (1958), Playtime (1967) and Trafic (1971). Playtime ranked 23rd in the 2022 Sight and Sound critics' poll of the greatest films ever made.

As David Bellos puts it, "Tati, from l'École des facteurs to Playtime, is the epitome of what an auteur is (in film theory) supposed to be: the controlling mind behind a vision of the world on film."