hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Supercritical fluid extraction
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is the process of separating one component (the extractant) from another (the matrix) using supercritical fluids as the extracting solvent. Extraction is usually from a solid matrix, but can also be from liquids. SFE can be used as a sample preparation step for analytical purposes, or on a larger scale to either strip unwanted material from a product (e.g. decaffeination) or collect a desired product (e.g. essential oils). These essential oils can include limonene and other straight solvents. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most used supercritical fluid, sometimes modified by co-solvents such as ethanol or methanol. Extraction conditions for supercritical carbon dioxide are above the critical temperature of 31 °C and critical pressure of 74 bar. Addition of modifiers may slightly alter this. The discussion below will mainly refer to extraction with CO2, except where specified.

Critical point (thermodynamics)
Subcritical ethane, liquid and gas phase coexist.

Critical point (32.17 °C, 48.72 bar), displaying critical opalescence.

Supercritical ethane, fluid.

In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve. One example is the liquid–vapor critical point, the end point of the pressure–temperature curve that designates conditions under which a liquid and its vapor can coexist. At higher temperatures, the gas comes into a supercritical phase, and so cannot be liquefied by pressure alone. At the critical point, defined by a critical temperature Tc and a critical pressure pc, phase boundaries vanish. Other examples include the liquid–liquid critical points in mixtures, and the ferromagnet–paramagnet transition (Curie temperature) in the absence of an external magnetic field.
488th Tactical Missile Wing
The 488th Tactical Missile Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was formed by the consolidation of the 488th Bombardment Group and the 588th Tactical Missile Group in 1985, but has not been active since consolidation.

The 488th Bombardment Group was a United States Army Air Forces heavy bomber operational and replacement training unit that served during World War II. It was last assigned to Third Air Force at MacDill Field, Florida, where it was disbanded on 1 May 1944.

The 588th Tactical Missile Group was a United States Air Force tactical missile training unit that served during the Cold War.  It was last assigned to 4504th Missile Training Wing at Orlando Air Force Base, Florida, where it was inactivated on 15 July 1958.

Cruise missile
A cruise missile is an unmanned self-propelled guided missile that sustains flight through aerodynamic lift for most of its flight path. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large payload over long distances with high precision. Modern cruise missiles are capable of traveling at high subsonic, supersonic, or hypersonic speeds, are self-navigating, and are able to fly on a non-ballistic, extremely low-altitude trajectory.
Mohan Sharma (politician)
Mohan Sharma is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is a three time elected Member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 2003, 2008, and 2023, representing Narsinghgarh Assembly constituency as a Member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
Ionosphere-Thermosphere Storm Probes
The Ionosphere-Thermosphere Storm Probes (I-TSP) is a NASA mission which will study the ionosphere and the thermosphere. This mission is part of the Living With a Star program, the second mission in a pair of geospace missions. The first mission is the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, which were launched in August 2012.

Ionosphere
The ionosphere (/aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər/) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on Earth. Travel through this layer also impacts GPS signals, resulting in effects such as deflection in their path and delay in the arrival of the signal.
Metekhi
Metekhi (Metechi; Georgian: მეტეხი) is a historic neighborhood of Tbilisi, Georgia, located  (42.92N 44.34E) on the elevated cliff that overlooks the Mtkvari river. The neighborhood is home to the eponymous Metekhi Church of Assumption.

Metekhi Church
The Metekhi church of the Nativity of the Mother of God (Georgian: მეტეხის ღვთისმშობლის შობის ტაძარი, romanized: met'ekhis ghvtismshoblis shobis t'adzari), known simply as Metekhi, is a Georgian Orthodox Christian church located on the left bank of the river Kura. It sits on the Metekhi Cliff opposite the old town of Tbilisi, Georgia. Much of the existing structure dates back to the Middle Ages and was built between 1278 and 1289 AD under the reign of King Demetrius II of Georgia, although oral tradition traces Metekhi's origins further to the 5th century.
Carlos F. Barbas III
Carlos F. Barbas III (5 November 1964 – 24 June 2014) was chair professor of the Janet and Keith Kellogg II and a chemist at the Scripps Research Institute. Barbas developed new therapies that can target HIV-1 and some kinds of cancer which went into clinical trials.

Scripps Research
Scripps Research is a nonprofit American medical research facility that focuses on research and education in the biomedical sciences. Headquartered in San Diego, California, the institute has over 170 laboratories employing 2,100 scientists, technicians, graduate students, and administrative and other staff.

The institute holds over 1,100 patents, has produced 11 FDA-approved therapeutics, and has generated over 50 spin-off companies. The Scripps Research graduate program is ranked 9th nationally in the biological sciences, 6th for organic chemistry, and 6th for biochemistry.

In 2022, their Jupiter, Florida, campus became a part of the University of Florida. Jupiter-based graduate students remain part of the Scripps Research graduate program.
Benjamin Okolski
Benjamin Okolski (born November 12, 1984) is an American former pair skater. With Brooke Castile, he is the 2008 Four Continents bronze medalist, 2007 Nebelhorn Trophy champion, and 2007 U.S. national champion.

2007 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 2007 U.S. Figure Skating Championships took place between January 21 and 28 at the Spokane Arena and the Spokane Convention Center in Spokane, Washington. Skaters competed in four disciplines – men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing – across three levels: senior, junior, and novice. Medals were awarded in four colors: gold (first), silver (second), bronze (third), and pewter (fourth).

The event was used to determine the U.S. teams for the 2007 World Championships, 2007 Four Continents Championships, and 2007 World Junior Championships.

The event was later named the Sports Event of the Year by Sports Travel Magazine.
Ely S. Parker
Ely Samuel Parker (1828 – August 31, 1895), born Hasanoanda (Tonawanda Seneca), later known as Donehogawa, was an engineer, lawyer,  U.S. Army officer, aide to General Ulysses Grant, and Commissioner of Indian Affairs, in charge of the government's relations with Native Americans. He was bilingual, speaking both Seneca and English, and became friends with Lewis Henry Morgan, who became a student of the Iroquois in Upstate New York. Parker earned an engineering degree in college and worked on the Erie Canal, and other projects.

He was commissioned as a lieutenant colonel during the American Civil War, when he served as adjutant and secretary to General Ulysses S. Grant. He wrote the final draft of the Confederate surrender terms at Appomattox. Later in his career, Parker rose to the rank of brevet brigadier general.

When General Grant became president in 1869, he appointed Parker as Commissioner of Indian Affairs, the first Native American to hold that post.

Seneca language
Seneca (/ˈsɛnəkə/; in Seneca, Onöndowaʼga꞉ʼ Gawë꞉noʼ, or Onötowáʼka꞉) is the language of the Seneca people, one of the Six Nations of the Hodinöhsö꞉niʼ (Iroquois League); it is an Iroquoian language, spoken at the time of contact in the western part of New York. While the name Seneca, attested as early as the seventeenth century, is of obscure origins, the endonym Onödowáʼga꞉ translates to "those of the big hill." About 10,000 Seneca live in the United States and Canada, primarily on reservations in western New York, with others living in Oklahoma and near Brantford, Ontario. Since 2022 an active language revitalization program has been underway.
Louk Sorensen
Louk Sorensen (born 7 January 1985) is an Irish former professional tennis player.

Sorensen was the first player representing Ireland to win a Grand Slam event main draw match in the Open Era. His father, Sean, was the first Irishman to play a Grand Slam main draw match in the Open Era, going out in the first round of Wimbledon.  (Matt Doyle reached the fourth round of the US Open in 1982 but played under the American flag then, only becoming an Irish citizen in 1985).

His final event was the 2015 Aegon GB Pro-Series Glasgow where he lost in qualifying. Since retiring from playing, Sorensen has begun coaching and currently coaches Australian player John Millman.

Matt Doyle (tennis)
Matthew Doyle (1954 or 1955 – 8 February 2025) was an American-Irish professional tour tennis player. His best result was reaching the fourth round of the US Open in 1982. He was also a long-time Irish Davis Cup player. After retiring from playing, he was Ireland's coach for several years.
Raid on Canso (1776)
The Raid on Canso took place on 22 September–22 November 1776 during the American Revolutionary War. The raid involved American Continental Navy Captain John Paul Jones attacking Canso, Nova Scotia, and the surrounding fishing villages.

Canso, Nova Scotia
Canso (Scottish Gaelic: Baile Chanso) is an unincorporated community and former incorporated town in Guysborough County, Nova Scotia, Canada. Canso lies on the far north eastern tip of mainland Nova Scotia at the mouth of Chedabucto Bay. It was incorporated as a town in 1901. In January 2012, it ceased to be a separate town, and was amalgamated into the Municipality of the District of Guysborough in July 2012. The area was first settled as a fishing settlement in the 1600's. The construction of a British fort in the village in 1720 was instrumental in contributing to the outbreak of Dummer's War in 1722. The town is of national historic importance because it was one of only two British settlements in Nova Scotia prior to the establishment of Halifax (1749). Canso played a key role in the defeat of Fortress of Louisbourg. Today, the town attracts people internationally for the annual Stan Rogers Folk Festival.
Calvin Marlin
Calvin Donovan Marlin (born 20 April 1976 in Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape) is a retired South African football goalkeeper who works as a goalkeeping coach for Cape Town City.

He played club football for Michau Warriors, Seven Stars, Ajax Cape Town, SuperSport United, Mamelodi Sundowns and Mpumalanga Black Aces as well as representing South Africa internationally.

Marlin was a participant at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. He was South Africa's first choice keeper at the 2006 African Nations Cup in Egypt and was capped 16 times.

He kicks left-footed but throws right-handed.

Cape Town Spurs F.C.
Cape Town Spurs F.C. (formerly known as Ajax Cape Town) is a South African professional football club based in Parow in the city of Cape Town that plays in the National First Division. Dutch Eredivisie club AFC Ajax was their parent club and majority shareholder after a merger of both Cape Town Spurs and Seven Stars in January 1999 until selling its shares in September 2020. After the Ajax Amsterdam partnership ended the club resurrected the name Cape Town Spurs.

The club's motto of 'Our Youth Our Future' indicates the strong emphasis on youth development at Cape Town Spurs.
Ailsa McGilvary
Ailsa Diane McGilvary QSM (also known as Ailsa McGilvary-Howard) is a New Zealand bird conservationist, and photographer. She is a long-term resident of Kaikōura in the South Island of New Zealand, and is known for her work with conservation of banded dotterel  and Hutton's shearwater and in the Kaikōura region. McGilvary was awarded the Queen's Service Medal in 2022 for services to wildlife conservation.

Double-banded plover
The double-banded plover (Anarhynchus bicinctus), known as the banded dotterel or pohowera in New Zealand, is a species of bird in the plover family. Two subspecies are recognised: the nominate Charadrius bicinctus bicinctus, which breeds throughout New Zealand, including the Chatham Islands, and Charadrius bicinctus exilis, which breeds in New Zealand's subantarctic Auckland Islands.
P.A.O.K. V.C.
PAOK Volleyball Club or PAOK Volley, is a Greek volleyball club based in Thessaloniki and part of the major multi-sport club PAOK. The department was founded in 1933 and refounded in 1948 after the Axis occupation. Their home ground is PAOK Sports Arena. PAOK have won 9 domestic titles in total with 3 Championships (2015, 2016, 2017), 5 Cups (2015, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2023) and 1 Super Cup (2023).

PAOK made their first appearance in the top national division in the 1970–71 season. The team won its first trophies claiming the Double in 2015 and debuted in the CEV Champions League the following season. In 2015–16 season, PAOK became the first team in Greek Volleyball history that won the Greek Championship title despite finishing 4th in the regular season.

A1 Ethniki Volleyball
The A1 Ethniki (Greek: Α1 Εθνική Κατηγορία), often referred to as the Greek Volleyball League, is the highest professional volleyball league in Greece. It is run by the Hellenic Volleyball Federation. It is considered one of the top national leagues in European volleyball, as its clubs have made significant success in European competitions.
Aurélie Trouvé
Aurélie Trouvé (French pronunciation: [ɔʁeli tʁuve]; born 20 September 1979) is a French politician and anti-globalization activist. She was co-president of the Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions and for Citizens' Action (Attac) from 2006 to 2012, then spokesperson for the association from 2016 to 2021.

Trouvé was the president of the “Parliament of the Popular Union” of the La France Insoumise party as part of Jean-Luc Mélenchon 's campaign in the 2022 French presidential election. She is an agricultural engineer by profession and graduated from the École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT) and a doctor in economics, she is a lecturer at AgroParisTech. She was elected a La France Insoumise Member of Parliament in the 2022 French legislative election for Seine-Saint-Denis's 9th constituency. She is the Chairwoman of the Economic Affairs Committee of the said Assembly since 9 Octobre 2024.

Deputy (France)
Deputies (French: députés and députées, pronounced [depyte] ⓘ), also known in English as members of Parliament (MPs), are the legislators who sit in the National Assembly, the lower house of the French Parliament. The 17th and current legislature of the Fifth Republic has a total of 577 deputies, elected in 577 constituencies across metropolitan (539) and overseas France (27), as well as for French residents overseas (11).
Petitgrain
Petitgrain (pronounced [pəti gʁɛ̃]) is an essential oil that is extracted from the leaves and green twigs of the bitter orange tree (Citrus aurantium ssp. amara) via steam distillation. It is also known as petitgrain bigarade.

Bitter orange
The bitter orange, sour orange, Seville orange, bigarade orange, or marmalade orange is the hybrid citrus tree species Citrus × aurantium, and its fruit. It is native to Southeast Asia and has been spread by humans to many parts of the world. It is a cross between the pomelo, Citrus maxima, and the wild type mandarin orange, Citrus reticulata. The bitter orange is used to make essential oil, used in foods, drinks, and pharmaceuticals. The Seville orange is prized for making British orange marmalade.
Creation Engine
Creation Engine is a 3D video game engine created by Bethesda Game Studios based on the Gamebryo engine. The Creation Engine has been used to create role-playing video games such as The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim, Fallout 4, and Fallout 76. A new iteration of the engine, Creation Engine 2, was used to create Starfield. The Creation Engine has been tailor-made for large-scale open-world RPGs.

Radiant AI
The Radiant AI is a technology developed by Bethesda Softworks for The Elder Scrolls video games. It allows non-player characters (NPCs) to make choices and engage in behaviors more complex than in past titles. The technology was developed for The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion and expanded in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim; it is also used in Fallout 3, Fallout: New Vegas and Fallout 4, also published by Bethesda, with 3 and 4 being developed by them as well.
Dominic Lokinyomo Lobalu
Dominic Lokinyomo Lobalu (born 16 August 1998) is a South Sudanese born middle and long-distance runner who represents Switzerland in international championships. He currently lives and trains in Switzerland and competes for On Running.

Lobalu left South Sudan when he was 8 and took refuge in Kenya. He took up running at the age of 15, and trained as part of the Athlete Refugee Team. He competed for the team in the 1500 metres at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics. In May 2019, he competed in the Geneva Marathon and decided to permanently settle in Switzerland.

In 2022, he set South Sudanese national records in the 1500 metres, 3000 metres, 5000 metres and 10,000 metres. He won the 3000 m at the BAUHAUS-galan in Stockholm, Sweden setting a world leading time of 7:29.48.

At the 2024 European Athletics Championships, he won the gold medal in 10,000 metres and the bronze medal in 5000 metres.

On (company)
On Holding AG is a Swiss athletic shoe and performance sportswear company that designs and markets sports clothing and running shoes.

In 2019, On products were sold in 6,000 retailers in 55 countries and the company held 40% of the running shoe market in Switzerland and 10% in Germany. The United States is its biggest single market, where it accounts for 6.6% of the performance running shoe category. Globally, as of 2024, On is estimated to have 2% of the athletic footwear market.
Ana Cecilia Cantú
Ana Cecilia Cantú Felix (born September 14, 1985) is a Mexican former competitive figure skater. She is a four-time national champion (2002–2003, 2006–2007, 2007–2008, 2008–2009). She qualified to the final segment at the 2009 World Figure Skating Championships.

2009 World Figure Skating Championships
The 2009 World Figure Skating Championships was a senior international figure skating competition in the 2008–09 season. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

Results from these World Championships were used to determine the majority of the spots available for each country at the 2010 Winter Olympics: 24 spots in singles, 16 in pairs, and 19 in ice dancing, with the remaining spots determined at an Olympic qualifying event in the fall of 2009. As every year, Worlds also determined the entries by country for the following year's event.

The event was held in the Staples Center at L.A. Live in Los Angeles, California, USA from March 23 to 29, 2009.

The compulsory dance was the Paso Doble.
Ingleton branch line
The Ingleton branch line was a rural railway line in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Lancashire and Westmorland in England (now North Yorkshire, Lancashire and Cumbria). It was originally planned in 1846 to form part of a main line route from London to Scotland, but fell victim to rivalry between railway companies. Completion was delayed until 1861, and it was only ever a rural branch line, serving the village of Ingleton and towns of Kirkby Lonsdale and Sedbergh. It closed to passengers in 1954 and was dismantled in 1967.

Kirkby Lonsdale
Kirkby Lonsdale (/ˈkɜːrbi ˈlɒnzdeɪl/) is a town and civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England, on the River Lune. Historically in Westmorland, it lies 13 miles (21 km) south-east of Kendal on the A65. The parish recorded a population of 1,771 in the 2001 census, increasing to 1,843 at the 2011 Census.

Notable buildings include St Mary's Church, a Norman building with fine carved columns. The view of the River Lune from the churchyard is known as Ruskin's View after John Ruskin, who called it one of the loveliest in England. It was painted by J. M. W. Turner.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist
A mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA or MCRA) or aldosterone antagonist, is a diuretic drug which antagonizes the action of aldosterone at mineralocorticoid receptors. This group of drugs is often used as adjunctive therapy, in combination with other drugs, for the management of chronic heart failure. Spironolactone, the first member of the class, is also used in the management of hyperaldosteronism (including Conn's syndrome) and female hirsutism (due to additional antiandrogen actions). Most antimineralocorticoids, including spironolactone, are steroidal spirolactones. Finerenone is a nonsteroidal antimineralocorticoid.

Steroid
A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.

Steroids have two principal biological functions: as important components of cell membranes that alter membrane fluidity; and as signaling molecules. Examples include the lipid cholesterol, sex hormones estradiol and testosterone,: 10–19  anabolic steroids, and the anti-inflammatory corticosteroid drug dexamethasone. Hundreds of steroids are found in fungi, plants, and animals. All steroids are manufactured in cells from a sterol: cholesterol (animals), lanosterol (opisthokonts), or cycloartenol (plants). All three of these molecules are produced via cyclization of the triterpene squalene.