hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gianluigi Porelli EuroLeague Executive of the Year
The Gianluigi Porelli EuroLeague Executive of the Year is an annual award of Europe's premier level men's basketball league, the EuroLeague. The award was introduced in the 2004–05 season. It is given to the league's best club CEO of each season. The winner receives the trophy after the end of the season, in recognition of their efforts to reach the highest levels of success with their club.

2004–05 Euroleague
The 2004–05 Euroleague was the fifth season of the professional basketball competition for elite clubs throughout Europe, organised by Euroleague Basketball Company, and it was the 48th season of the premier competition for European men's clubs overall. The 2004–05 season featured 24 competing teams, from 13 countries. The final of the competition was held in Olimpiisky Arena, Moscow, Russia, with the defending champions, Maccabi Tel Aviv, defeating Tau Cerámica by a score of 90–78.
Etmadpur Assembly constituency
Etmadpur  Assembly constituency is one of the 403 constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India. It is a part of the Agra district  and one of the five assembly constituencies in the Agra Lok Sabha constituency. First election in this assembly constituency was held in 1957 after the "DPACO (1956)" (delimitation order) was passed in 1956. After the "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order" was passed in 2008, the constituency was assigned identification number 86.

Agra district
Agra district (Hindi pronunciation: [aːgɾaː]) is one of the 75 districts in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The district headquarters is the historical city of Agra. Agra district is a part of Agra division.
William Williams (footballer, born 1856)
William Williams (born 1856) was a Welsh amateur footballer who played most of his football career with the Druids club of Ruabon. Generally playing at half-back, he made eleven appearances for Wales between 1876 and 1883.

Ruabon
Ruabon (Welsh: Rhiwabon; pronounced [r̥ɪʊˈɑːbɔn]) is a village and community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales. The name comes from Rhiw Fabon, rhiw being the Welsh word for "slope" or "hillside" and Fabon being a mutation from St Mabon, the original church name, of earlier, Celtic origin. An older English spelling, Rhuabon, can sometimes be seen.

From the mid-19th century, Ruabon became famous across the UK, for its red bricks and terracotta, which earnt the village the nickname "Terracottapolis". The local discovery of high-quality Etruria marl clay led to the rise of the Dennis Ruabon Tile Factory, whose durable and richly coloured products were used nationwide. The tiles were used in landmark projects such as Cardiff's Pier Head and Liverpool University's Victoria Building.

In 2001, more than 80% of the population of 2,400 were born in Wales, with 13.6% having some ability in Welsh.
Nervous shock
In English law, a nervous shock is a psychiatric / mental illness or injury inflicted upon a person by intentional or negligent actions or omissions of another. Often it is a psychiatric disorder triggered by witnessing an accident, for example an injury caused to one's parents or spouse. Although the term "nervous shock" has been described as "inaccurate" and "misleading", it continues to be applied as a useful abbreviation for a complex concept. The possibility of recovering damages for nervous shock, particularly caused by negligence, is strongly limited in English law.

Negligence
Negligence (Latin: negligentia) is a failure to exercise appropriate care expected to be exercised in similar circumstances.

Within the scope of tort law, negligence pertains to harm caused by the violation of a duty of care through a negligent act or failure to act. The concept of negligence is linked to the obligation of individuals to exercise reasonable care in their actions and to consider foreseeable harm that their conduct might cause to other people or property. The elements of a negligence claim include the duty to act or refrain from action, breach of that duty, actual and proximate cause of harm, and damages. Someone who suffers loss caused by another's negligence may be able to sue for damages to compensate for their harm. Such loss may include physical injury, harm to property, psychiatric illness, or economic loss.
San Luis Closed Basin
The San Luis Closed Basin is a 2,940-square-mile (7,600 km2) endorheic basin in the Alamosa and Saguache counties of south-central Colorado. It includes San Luis Creek and its tributary, Saguache Creek. While the basin is east of the majority of the Rocky Mountains, it lies west of the Sangre de Cristo Range. An elevated plateau in Alamosa County, the San Luis Hills, separates the San Luis Closed Basin drainage from most of the San Luis Valley, which is southward-flowing and drains through the Rio Grande.

Endorheic basin
An endorheic basin (/ˌɛndoʊˈriː.ɪk/ EN-doh-REE-ik; also endoreic basin and endorreic basin) is a drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water (such as rivers and oceans). Instead, the water drainage flows into permanent and seasonal lakes and swamps that equilibrate through evaporation. Endorheic basins are also called closed basins, terminal basins, and internal drainage systems.

Endorheic regions contrast with open lakes (exorheic regions), where surface waters eventually drain into the ocean. In general, water basins with subsurface outflows that lead to the ocean are not considered endorheic; but cryptorheic. Endorheic basins constitute local base levels, defining a limit of the erosion and deposition processes of nearby areas. Endorheic water bodies include the Caspian Sea, which is the world's largest inland body of water.
Raffle House
Raffle House Ltd is a UK-based company specialising in property raffles, providing participants with a chance to win houses and other high-value prizes through raffle draws. Founded in 2017 by Benno Spencer, the company is headquartered in London, England.

Raffle
A raffle is a gambling competition in which people obtain numbered tickets, each of which has an equal chance of winning a prize. At a set time, the winners are drawn at random from a container holding a copy of each number. The drawn tickets are checked against a collection of prizes with numbers attached to them, and the holder of the ticket wins the prize.

The raffle is a popular game in many countries, and is often held to raise funds for a specific charity or event.
Accia gens
The gens Accia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome during the late Republic.  The gens is known primarily from two individuals, Lucius Accius, a tragic poet of the second century BC, and Titus Accius, best known for his prosecution of Aulus Cluentius Habitus in Cicero's oration Pro Cluentio.  Other Accii are known from inscriptions.

Titus Accius
Titus Accius was a Roman jurist and knight.

Accius was a native of Pisaurum. In 66 BC he stood as prosecutor in the murder trial of Aulus Cluentius Habitus, accused of killing Oppianicus the elder with poison.  Cicero was Cluentius's sole defender, and composed his famous speech Pro Cluentio for the occasion.

Accius was a pupil of Hermagoras of Temnos, and is praised by Cicero for his accuracy and fluency.
Ranger Road Fire
The Ranger Road Fire was a wildfire that was burning in Harper County, Beaver County, and Woods County, Oklahoma,  and Comanche County, Clark County, and Meade County, Kansas. As of February 24, the fire had burned 283,283 acres (114,641 ha). It is the largest wildfire in the United States during the 2026 wildfire season.

Comanche County, Kansas
Comanche County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas.  Its county seat and most populous city is Coldwater.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 1,689.  The county was named after the Comanche tribe.
2005 Regions Morgan Keegan Championships and the Cellular South Cup
The 2005 Regions Morgan Keegan Championships and the Cellular South Cup were tennis tournaments played on indoor hard courts. It was the 30th edition of the Regions Morgan Keegan Championships, the 20th edition of the Cellular South Cup, and was part of the International Series Gold of the 2005 ATP Tour, and of the Tier III Series of the 2005 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Racquet Club of Memphis in Memphis, Tennessee, United States, from February 14 through February 20, 2005.

U.S. National Indoor Championships
The U.S. National Indoor Championships was a tennis tournament that was last held at the Racquet Club of Memphis in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. Also known as the U.S. International Indoor Championships. The event was played on indoor hard courts and usually took place in February. For much of its more than 100-year history it was a combined men's and women's tournament but in 2014, its final year, only a men's tournament was held. The event was previously known under various sponsored names including the Memphis Open, the Regions Morgan Keegan Championships, the Kroger St. Jude Championship, and the Volvo Championships. It was called throughout most of its history the National Indoor Championships.
Þórir Magnússon
Þórir Magnússon (born 13 February 1948) is an Icelandic former basketball player and the former member of the Icelandic national basketball team. Nicknamed "Rocket Man", he was known as a high scoring guard and led the Icelandic Basketball League in scoring for several seasons.

Úrvalsdeild karla (basketball)
Úrvalsdeild karla (English: Men's Premier League), also known as Bónus deild karla for sponsorship reasons, is the highest men's professional basketball competition among clubs in Iceland, where play determines the national champion. It is organized by the Icelandic Basketball Federation (Icelandic: Körfuknattleikssamband Íslands - KKÍ).
The season consists of a home-and-away schedule of 22 games, followed by an eight-team playoff round. Quarterfinals, semifinals and finals series are best-of-five. The bottom clubs are relegated, and replaced by the top team from the regular-season phase and the four-team playoff round winner of the second-level First Division (Icelandic: 1. deild karla).
Janaka Stucky
Janaka Stucky (born March 23, 1978) is an American poet, performer, independent-press publisher, and impresario, based in Boston, Massachusetts. The founder of Black Ocean, an independent press, and publisher of its journal Handsome, he is also the author of three collections of his poetry: Your Name Is The Only Freedom (Brave Men Press, 2009), The World Will Deny It For You (Ahsahta Press, 2012), and The Truth Is We Are Perfect (Third Man Books, 2015). His articles have been published by The Huffington Post and The Poetry Foundation. In 2010, he was awarded the title Best Poet by The Boston Phoenix in its annual "Boston's Best" reader's poll.

Third Man Records
Third Man Records is an eclectic, vinyl-focused independent record label founded and owned by Jack White, Ben Blackwell, and Ben Swank. The company operates out of three locations—Nashville, Detroit, and Soho in London—with multiple entities expanding upon the offerings of a traditional record label, including multiple live music venues, vinyl pressing plant, film studio and dark room, guitar pedal and gear company, mastering studio, vinyl subscription service, and a publishing arm.
Lovech Province
Lovech Province (Bulgarian: Област Ловеч, romanized: Oblast Lovech, former name Lovech okrug) is one of the 28 provinces of Bulgaria, lying at the northern centre of the country. It is named after its main city: Lovech. As of December 2009, the population of the area was 151,153. It covers a total area of approximately 4,129 square km and includes 8 municipalities.

Provinces of Bulgaria
The provinces of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: области на България, romanized: oblasti na Bǎlgariya) are the first-level administrative subdivisions of the country.

Since 1999, Bulgaria has been divided into 28 provinces (Bulgarian: области – oblasti; singular: област – oblast; also translated as "regions") which correspond approximately to the 28 districts (in Bulgarian: окръг – okrǎg, plural: окръзи – okrǎzi), that existed before 1987.

The provinces are further subdivided into 265 municipalities (singular: община – obshtina, plural: общини – obshtini).

Sofia – the capital city of Bulgaria and the largest settlement in the country – is the administrative centre of both Sofia Province and Sofia City Province (Sofia-grad). The capital is included (together with three other cities plus 34 villages) in Sofia Capital Municipality (over 90% of whose population lives in Sofia), which is the sole municipality comprising Sofia City province.
Christine Drea
Christine M. Drea is a researcher and professor of biology and ecology with a specialty in animal social behavior and sexual differentiation at Duke University, both primarily on hyenas and primates. Drea's work is focused on female dominant species and the hormonal activity, reproductive development, and social interactions of these animals. She is currently the Earl D. McLean Professor of Evolutionary Anthropology within the Trinity College of Arts & Sciences and the director of graduate studies for the Duke University Ecology program.

Trinity College of Arts and Sciences
The Trinity College of Arts and Sciences is the undergraduate liberal arts college of Duke University. Founded in 1838, it is the original school of the university. Currently, Trinity is one of five undergraduate degree programs at Duke, the others being the Edmund T. Pratt School of Engineering, Nicholas School of the Environment, School of Nursing, and Duke Kunshan University.

At Duke, Arts & Sciences is the collective name of all educational programs, research programs, and faculty in the humanities, social sciences, and the natural sciences at Duke, inclusive of undergraduate programs and many degree programs in Duke's Graduate School.

The division's unusual dual name may reflect the fact that it is responsible for undergraduate education (through Trinity College) and graduate education and research (Arts and Sciences).
Saori Shimai
Saori Shimai (島井 咲緒里, Shimai Saori; born May 15, 1980) is a Japanese women's professional shogi player ranked 2-dan. As of January 2023, she is serving as an executive director of Ladies Professional Shogi-players' Association of Japan (LPSA).

Professional shogi player
A professional shogi player (将棋棋士 shōgi kishi or プロ棋士 puro kishi "professional player") is a shogi player who is usually a member of a professional guild of shogi players.

There are two categories of professional players: regular professional and women's professional. All regular professional shogi players are members of the Japan Shogi Association (JSA). However, only regular professional players, who are as of yet all male, are considered to be full-fledged members. Women's professional players belong to groups distinct from regular professional players. In Japanese, the term 棋士 kishi only refers to regular professional players to the exclusion of women's professionals, who are termed 女流棋士 joryū kishi.
Japanese Television Cartel
The Japanese Television Cartel was a cartel formed by the seven largest Japanese television manufacturers. It operated from the 1950s until at least 1974. During that time period it engaged in illegal activities such as dumping, as well as price and output manipulation with the goal of taking control over the Japanese and American TV markets. Its operation halted in the aftermath of a series of investigations conducted by the authorities of the two countries.

Dumping (pricing policy)
Dumping, in economics, is a form of predatory pricing, especially in the context of international trade. It occurs when manufacturers export a product to another country at a price below the normal price with an injuring effect. The objective of dumping is to increase market share in a foreign market by driving out competition and thereby create a monopoly situation where the exporter will be able to unilaterally dictate price and quality of the product. Trade treaties might include mechanisms to alleviate problems related to dumping, such as countervailing duty penalties and anti-dumping statutes.
Isted Lion
The Isted Lion (or Flensburg Lion) (Danish: Istedløven or Flensborgløven; German: Flensburger Löwe or Idstedter Löwe) is a Danish war monument originally intended as a monument of the Danish victory over German-minded Schleswig-Holstein insurgents in the Battle of Isted (Idstedt) on 25 July 1850, during the First Schleswig War which was a civil war within the Danish Realm, although with troops from Prussia supporting the Schleswig-Holstein insurgents. At its time it was the largest battle in Scandinavian history.

Others perceived it more as a memorial for the Danish dead in the battle.

Originally erected in Flensburg, Schleswig during Danish rule, it was moved to Berlin by Prussian authorities after Prussian conquests in the Second Schleswig War of 1864 and remained there until 1945. It was returned to Denmark as a gift from the United States Army and was located at Søren Kierkegaards Plads in Copenhagen. In September 2011, it was returned to Flensburg.

Idstedt
Idstedt (Danish: Isted) is a village in Schleswig-Flensburg district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is c. 10 km. NNW of the city of Schleswig and east of the Bundesautobahn 7.

On 24–25 July 1850, the Battle of Isted ended the First War of Schleswig.
Moonlight on the Highway
Moonlight on the Highway is a television play by Dennis Potter, first broadcast in the United Kingdom on 12 April 1969 as part of ITV's Saturday Night Theatre strand. The title owes to the recording of the song with the same name made by Al Bowlly in 1938. The tale of a young Al Bowlly fanatic attempting to blot out memories of sexual abuse via his fixation with the singer, the play was the first of Potter's works to use popular music as a dramatic device and strongly anticipated Potter's later 'serials with songs' Pennies from Heaven (1978), The Singing Detective (1986) and Lipstick on Your Collar (1993).

Pennies from Heaven (TV series)
Pennies from Heaven is a 1978 BBC musical drama serial written by Dennis Potter. The title is taken from the song "Pennies from Heaven" written by Johnny Burke and Arthur Johnston. It was one of several Potter serials (another being The Singing Detective) to mix the reality of the drama with a dark fantasy content, and the earliest of his works where the characters burst into extended performances of popular songs.
Riemannian submanifold
A Riemannian submanifold  of a Riemannian manifold  is a submanifold  of  equipped with the Riemannian metric inherited from .

Specifically, if  is a Riemannian manifold (with or without boundary) and  is an immersed submanifold or an embedded submanifold (with or without boundary), the pullback  of  is a Riemannian metric on , and  is said to be a Riemannian submanifold of . On the other hand, if  already has a Riemannian metric , then the immersion (or embedding)  is called an isometric immersion (or isometric embedding) if . Hence isometric immersions and isometric embeddings are Riemannian submanifolds.

For example, the n-sphere  is an embedded Riemannian submanifold of  via the inclusion map  that takes a point in  to the corresponding point in the superset . The induced metric on  is called the round metric.

Submanifold
In mathematics, a submanifold of a manifold  is a subset  which itself has the structure of a manifold, and for which the inclusion map  satisfies certain properties. There are different types of submanifolds depending on exactly which properties are required. Different authors often have different definitions.
7th Heaven (TV series)
7th Heaven is an American family drama television series created and produced by Brenda Hampton. The series debuted on August 26, 1996, on The WB, where it aired for ten seasons through May 8, 2006, making it the longest-running series in the history of The WB. Following the shutdown of The WB and its merger with UPN to form The CW, the series aired on The CW on September 25, 2006, for its eleventh and final season, airing its final episode on May 13, 2007. 7th Heaven was one of the network's first major successful shows and, alongside Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Dawson's Creek, helped in the early success of the WB during the mid to late 1990s. It was also the last series produced by Spelling Television (CBS Paramount Television produced the eleventh and final season) to end its run, as the company was shut down a month after Spelling's death and became an in-name-only unit of CBS Paramount Television.

CBS Studios
CBS Studios, Inc. is an American television production company which is a subsidiary of the CBS Entertainment Group unit of Paramount Skydance Corporation. It was formed on January 17, 2006, by CBS Corporation as CBS Paramount Television, as a renaming of the original incarnation of the Paramount Television studio, as well as its merger with CBS Productions.

It is the television production arm of the CBS network (CBS Productions previously assumed such functions until 2004, when it was merged into Paramount Television), and, along with Warner Bros. Television Studios (a part of Warner Bros. Discovery) and CW Studios (network's recently launched production arm), it is also the television production arm of The CW (in which Paramount has a 12.5% ownership stake; along with Warner Bros. Discovery).
Ardennes classics
The Ardennes classics are three cycling classics held in mid-April in the Belgian Ardennes and southern Limburg in the Netherlands: Liège–Bastogne–Liège, La Flèche Wallonne and Amstel Gold Race. First held in 1892, 1936 and 1966 respectively, the races are notable for their hilly courses, and often have similar riders competing for the top positions as the races are held closely following each other. Cyclists that are specialized in these hilly courses are known as puncheurs. In recent years, the three classics have been held within an 8-day timeframe.

Since the late 2010s, all three of the men's races have been joined by equivalent races on the women's circuit: Amstel Gold Race Ladies Edition, La Flèche Wallonne Féminine and Liège–Bastogne–Liège Femmes.

La Flèche Wallonne Femmes
La Flèche Wallonne Femmes is a professional women's bicycle road race held each year in Wallonia, Belgium, in April. It is part of the UCI Women's World Tour, cycling's season-long competition of top-tier races, in which it is the second-oldest single-day event after the Trofeo Alfredo Binda in Italy. The event is raced on the same day as La Flèche Wallonne for men.

La Flèche Wallonne Féminine was inaugurated by Tour de France organizers Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO) in 1998 and quickly became a road race classic. From 1999 onwards, the women's Flèche Wallonne was a UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup event. In 2016, the race became part of the new UCI Women's World Tour. In the late 2010s, the race was rebranded as La Flèche Wallonne Femmes – making it consistent with other women's events run by ASO.

Anna van der Breggen from the Netherlands holds the record for the most wins, with 7 wins in succession from 2015 to 2021.