hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shop-replaceable unit
A shop-replaceable unit (SRU) or shop-replaceable component (SRC) is a modular component of an airplane, ship or spacecraft that is designed to be replaced by a technician at a backshop. Repair at backshops is known as field-level maintenance or intermediate-level (I-level) maintenance.

SRUs are similar in nature to line-replaceable units (LRUs), but rather than being complete functional units, represent component functions, such as circuit card assemblies, of a larger LRU. SRUs are typically assigned logistics control numbers (LCNs) or work unit codes (WUCs) to manage logistics operations.

SRUs can be stocked to allow for quick remove and replace (R&R) operations on their parent LRUs or LLRUs, while also allowing for more extended repair operations at the backshop.

Calibration and repair of United States Air Force test equipment is conducted at shops known as precision measurement equipment laboratories.

Level of repair analysis
Level of repair analysis (LORA) is used as an analytical methodology used to determine where an item will be replaced, repaired, or discarded based on cost considerations and operational readiness requirements. For a complex engineering system containing thousands of assemblies, sub-assemblies, components, organized into several levels of indenture and with a number of possible repair decisions, LORA seeks to determine an optimal provision of repair and maintenance facilities to minimize overall system life-cycle costs.

Logistics personnel examine not only the cost of the part to be replaced or repaired but all of the elements required to make sure the job is done correctly. This includes the skill level of personnel, support equipment required to perform the task, test equipment required to test the repaired product, and the facilities required to house the entire operation.
4 Street SW station
The 4 Street SW Station is a Calgary C-Train light rail station in located Downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The 4 Street SW platform is served by westbound trains only, with the nearest eastbound platforms being the 3 Street SW station and the 6 Street SW station. The platform is located on the north side of 7 Avenue South, within the free-fare zone serving both Routes 201 and 202.

CTrain
CTrain (previously branded C-Train) is a light rail  system in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The system is operated by Calgary Transit as part of the Calgary municipal government's transportation department, and currently consists of two lines; the Red Line and the Blue Line.

The CTrain began operation on May 25, 1981, and has expanded as the city has increased in population. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 94,097,200, or about 279,200 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025, making it one of the busiest light rail transit systems in North America. Approximately 45% of workers in Downtown Calgary take the CTrain to work.
LGA 3647
LGA 3647 is an Intel microprocessor compatible socket used by Xeon Phi x200 ("Knights Landing"), Xeon Phi 72x5 ("Knights Mill"), Skylake-SP, Cascade Lake-SP, and Cascade Lake-W microprocessors.

The socket supports a 6-channel memory controller, non-volatile 3D XPoint memory DIMMs, Intel Ultra Path Interconnect (UPI), as a replacement for Quick Path Interconnect (QPI), and 100G Omni-Path interconnect and also has a new mounting mechanism which does not use a lever to secure it in place but the CPU cooler's pressure and its screws to secure it in place.

Cascade Lake
Cascade Lake is an Intel codename for a 14 nm server, workstation and enthusiast processor generation, launched in April 2019. In Intel's process–architecture–optimization model, Cascade Lake is an optimization of Skylake. Intel states that this will be their first generation to support 3D XPoint-based memory modules. It also features Deep Learning Boost (DPL) instructions and mitigations for Meltdown and Spectre. Intel officially launched new Xeon Scalable SKUs on February 24, 2020.
Hascombe Court
Hascombe Court is a 172-acre (70 ha) estate in Hascombe, Surrey, best known for its vast garden designed by Gertrude Jekyll. Hascombe Court is listed Grade II on the National Heritage List for England, and its gardens are also Grade II listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.

Five garden buildings at Hascombe Court built by Percy Cane between 1928 and 1929 are Grade II listed; these are the garden house at the north edge of the estate, a gazebo, a circular tennis pavilion, the former grass terrace pavilion, and the summer house.

The garage block and the garden terrace with steps, lily pond and an urn are each individually Grade II listed. The kitchen garden walls and glasshouses are also Grade II listed.

Gertrude Jekyll
Gertrude Jekyll VMH (/ˈdʒiːkəl/ JEE-kəl; 29 November 1843 – 8 December 1932) was a British horticulturist, garden designer, craftswoman, photographer, writer and artist.  She created over 400 gardens in the United Kingdom, Europe and the United States, and wrote over 1000 articles for magazines such as Country Life and William Robinson's The Garden. Jekyll has been described as "a premier influence in garden design" by British and American gardening enthusiasts.
Shinichi Eto
Shinichi Eto (江藤 愼一, Shinichi Eto; October 6, 1937 – February 28, 2008) was a Japanese professional baseball outfielder and first baseman in Nippon Professional Baseball.

Eto played for the Chunichi Dragons from 1959 to 1969, where he was the Central League batting champion in 1964 and 1965 (hitting .323 and .336 respectively). In addition, he was a Best Nine Award-winner as an outfielder five times: 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, and 1968.

Eto moved to the Lotte Orions from 1970 to 1971 and the Taiyo Whales from 1972 to 1974. He was the player-manager of the Taiheiyo Club Lions in 1975. He returned to the Lotte Orions for his final season in 1976.

Eto died in 2008 of liver cancer at the age of 70. He was posthumously inducted into the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame in 2010.

Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame
The Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum (野球体育博物館, Yakyū Taiiku Hakubutsukan), commonly known outside of Japan as the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame, is a hall of fame and museum in Tokyo dedicated to professional baseball, with a prominent focus on professional baseball in Japan. The Hall is intended to honor and commemorate inducted players, executives, umpires, and other individuals who developed and/or made a significant impact towards the sport of baseball in Japan.
Douglas H. Fisher
Douglas H. Fisher (born April 28, 1947) is an American Democratic Party politician who has served as the New Jersey Secretary of Agriculture, having been initially confirmed by Governor Jon Corzine and carried over by both Chris Christie and Phil Murphy. He served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 2002 to 2009, representing the 3rd legislative district.

New Jersey Department of Agriculture
The New Jersey Department of Agriculture is a state governmental agency that is responsible for the promotion and protection of agriculture and agribusiness in the state of New Jersey. The department oversees school meal programs, distributes surplus food from federal programs, oversees soil and water resources, maintains farmland for agricultural uses, assists in development of overseas markets for New Jersey products from its farms and fisheries, and administers agricultural education programs.

Ed Wengryn was named New Jersey secretary of agriculture in March 2024.
Martín Montoya
Martín Montoya Torralbo (born 14 April 1991) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a right-back.

He started his career with Barcelona, making his first appearance for the first team in 2011 and going on to win seven major titles as a backup. In La Liga, he also represented Betis (two spells) and Valencia, totalling 129 matches and three goals over 11 seasons. In addition, he spent two years in the Premier League with Brighton & Hove Albion.

With Spain, Montoya won two European Under-21 Championships.

UEFA European Under-21 Championship
The UEFA European Under-21 Championship, the UEFA Under-21 Championship or simply the Euro Under-21, is a biennial football competition contested by the European men's under-21 national teams of the UEFA member associations. Since 1992, the competition also serves as the UEFA qualification tournament for the Summer Olympics.

Italy and Spain are the most successful teams in the tournament's history, having won five titles each. England are the current champions, having beaten Germany 3–2 after extra time in the 2025 final.
Danny Cullen
Danny Cullen (born 1987/8) is a hurler. He plays for Setanta, the Donegal county team and the Ireland national team.

He has won three Nicky Rackard Cups and represented (and captained) Ireland against Scotland in the Shinty-Hurling International Series.

Shinty–Hurling International Series
The Shinty/Hurling International is a sports competition played annually between the Ireland national hurling team (selected by the Gaelic Athletic Association) and Scotland national shinty team (selected by the Camanachd Association). The series is conducted according to the rules of shinty–hurling, which is a hybrid sport consisting of a mixture of rules from the Gaelic sports of Scottish shinty and Irish hurling. The competition is currently sponsored by Mowi and is officially known as the Mowi Shinty/Hurling International.
Deux Frères (1798 ship)
Deux Frères was a tartane that the French Navy had requisitioned in March 1798 at Marseille and commissioned as a transport. A British division under the command of Commodore Sir Sidney Smith in Tigre captured her on 18 March 1799 at the siege of Acre in 1799. She was one of a flotilla of seven vessels and Smith took all into the Royal Navy.

At the time of her capture Deux Frères was armed with four guns and had a crew of 23 men. One of the seven captured vessels was lost in a gale at the siege; the lost vessel was almost certainly Deux Frères, as the other six have a readily identifiable subsequent history.

Siege of Acre (1799)
The siege of Acre of 1799 was an unsuccessful French siege of the Ottoman city of Acre (now Akko in modern Israel) and was the turning point of Napoleon's invasion of Egypt and Syria, along with the Battle of the Nile.  It was Napoleon's third tactical defeat in his career, being defeated at the Second Battle of Bassano and the Battle of Caldiero three years previously during the Italian campaign, and his first major strategic defeat, along with the last time he was defeated in battle for 10 years. As a result of the failed siege, Napoleon retreated two months later and withdrew to Egypt.
69th San Sebastián International Film Festival
The 69th San Sebastián International Film Festival took place from 17 to 25 September 2021 in San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain. The festival opened with Zhang Yimou's One Second. Marion Cotillard and Johnny Depp were awarded the Donostia Award for lifetime achievements. The Donostia Award bestowed to Johnny Depp was mired by controversy and public scrutiny.

The competitive awards were presented on 25 September 2021. Blue Moon by Alina Grigore won the Golden Shell award, whereas Jessica Chastain (The Eyes of Tammy Faye) shared the Silver Shell for Best Leading Performance (a new non-gendered category replacing the former gendered acting awards) with Danish teen Flora Ofelia Hofmann Lindahl (As in Heaven).

Flora Ofelia
Flora Ofelia Hofmann Lindahl (born July 14, 2005), better known as Flora Ofelia, is a Danish singer and actress who won the MGP 2015 singing competition with her song "Du Du Du" and has since appeared in the television series Cry Wolf (2020) and the feature film As in Heaven (2021).
KVTA
KVTA (1590 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Ventura, California, featuring a sports radio format known as "Fox Sports 1590/97.9". Owned by Gold Coast Broadcasting, KVTA serves Ventura County and southern Santa Barbara County. The station's transmitter is located near the Santa Clara River off of the Ventura Freeway. In addition to a standard analog transmission, KVTA is relayed over low-power Ventura translator K250BV (97.9 FM), and is available online.

Point Broadcasting
Point Broadcasting LLC is an American radio broadcasting company based in Ventura, California. The company is the owner of several radio groups in Southern California, doing business as Gold Coast Broadcasting LLC in the Oxnard—Ventura radio market, Rincon Broadcasting LLC in Santa Barbara, and High Desert Broadcasting LLC in the Antelope Valley. As of February 2019, Point owns and operates 21 full-power radio stations, including seven AM stations and 14 on the FM dial.

Point Broadcasting and its subsidiaries are owned by John Hearne and Roy Laughlin.
Richard Graves MacDonnell
Sir Richard Graves MacDonnell KCMG CB (Chinese: 麥當奴; 3 September 1814 – 5 February 1881) was an Anglo-Irish lawyer, judge and colonial governor. His posts as governor included Governor of the British Settlements in West Africa, Governor of Saint Vincent, Governor of South Australia, Governor of Nova Scotia and Governor of Hong Kong. Several places around the world are named for him, including MacDonnell Road in Hong Kong and the MacDonnell Ranges and Sir Richard Peninsula in Australia.

Governor of Hong Kong
The governor of Hong Kong was the representative of the British Crown in Hong Kong from 1843 to 1997. In this capacity, the governor was president of the Executive Council and commander-in-chief of the British Forces Overseas Hong Kong. The governor's roles were defined in the Hong Kong Letters Patent and Royal Instructions. Upon the end of British rule and the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997, most of the civil functions of this office went to the chief executive of Hong Kong, and military functions went to the commander of the People's Liberation Army Hong Kong Garrison.
Paul Negulescu
Paul Adrian Negulescu is an American cell biologist. He is a Senior Vice President at American pharmaceutical company Vertex Pharmaceuticals. He received the 2022 Shaw Prize in Life science and medicine, together with Michael J. Welsh, for their work that uncovered the etiology of cystic fibrosis and developed effective medications.

Shaw Prize
The Shaw Prize is a set of three annual awards presented by the Shaw Prize Foundation in the fields of astronomy, medicine and life sciences, and mathematical sciences. Established in 2002 in Hong Kong, by Hong Kong entertainment mogul and philanthropist Run Run Shaw (邵逸夫), the awards honour "individuals who are currently active in their respective fields and who have recently achieved distinguished and significant advances, who have made outstanding contributions in academic and scientific research or applications, or who in other domains have achieved excellence." The prize has been described as the "Nobel of the East".
Sarah Stoodley
Sarah Stoodley is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in the 2019 provincial election. She represents the electoral district of Mount Scio as a member of the Newfoundland and Labrador Liberal Party.

Prior to her election to the House of Assembly, Stoodley was an elected alumni representative on the Memorial University Board of Regents and a board member of the Pippy Park Commission.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
AMPTE-UKS
AMPTE-UKS, also called AMPTE-United Kingdom Subsatellite, was a United Kingdom satellite designed and tasked to study the magnetosphere of Earth, being launched as part of the Explorer program. The AMPTE (Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers) mission was designed to study the access of solar wind ions to the magnetosphere, the convective-diffusive transport and energization of magnetospheric particles, and the interactions of plasmas in space.

Magnetosphere
In astronomy and planetary science, a magnetosphere is a region of space surrounding an astronomical object, such as a planet or other object, in which charged particles are affected by that object's magnetic field. It is created by a celestial body with an active interior dynamo.

In the space environment close to a planetary body with a dipole magnetic field such as Earth, the field lines resemble a simple magnetic dipole. Farther out, field lines can be significantly distorted by the flow of electrically conducting plasma, as emitted from the Sun (i.e., the solar wind) or a nearby star. Planets having active magnetospheres, like the Earth, are capable of mitigating or blocking the effects of solar radiation or cosmic radiation. Interactions of particles and atmospheres with magnetospheres are studied under the specialized scientific subjects of plasma physics, space physics, and aeronomy.
David Scaife
David Anthony Edward Scaife (born 16 December 1988) is an Australian politician, who was elected as a Labor member for Cockburn in the Western Australian Legislative Assembly at the 2021 state election.

Electoral district of Cockburn
Cockburn is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia.

The district is based in Perth's south-western suburbs. Politically, it is a safe Labor seat.
Fully irreducible automorphism
In the mathematical subject geometric group theory, a fully irreducible automorphism of the free group Fn is an element of Out(Fn) which has no  periodic conjugacy classes of proper free factors in Fn (where n > 1). Fully irreducible automorphisms are also referred to as "irreducible with irreducible powers" or "iwip" automorphisms. The notion of being fully irreducible provides a key Out(Fn) counterpart of the notion of a pseudo-Anosov element of the mapping class group of a finite type surface. Fully irreducibles play an important role in the study of structural properties of individual elements  and of subgroups of Out(Fn).

Outer space (mathematics)
In the mathematical subject of geometric group theory, the Culler–Vogtmann Outer space or just Outer space of a free group Fn is a topological space consisting of the so-called "marked metric graph structures" of volume 1 on Fn. The Outer space, denoted Xn or CVn, comes equipped with a natural action of the group of outer automorphisms Out(Fn) of Fn. The Outer space was introduced in a 1986 paper of Marc Culler and Karen Vogtmann, and it serves as a free group analog of the Teichmüller space of a hyperbolic surface. Outer space is used to study homology and cohomology groups of Out(Fn) and to obtain information about algebraic, geometric and dynamical properties of Out(Fn), of its subgroups and individual outer automorphisms of Fn. The space Xn can also be thought of as the set of Fn-equivariant isometry types of minimal free discrete isometric actions of Fn on R-trees T such that the quotient metric graph T/Fn has volume 1.
Black model
The Black model (also known as the Black-76 model) is a variant of the Black–Scholes option pricing model. Its primary applications are for pricing options on future contracts, bond options, interest rate cap and floors, and swaptions. It was first presented in a paper written by Fischer Black in 1976.

It assumes that the relevant forward or futures price follows a log-normal distribution under a risk-neutral pricing measure and that the option payoff is discounted at a constant risk-free interest rate. In its standard form the model is used to price European call and put options on commodity futures, bond options, and interest rate caps and floors and swaptions.

Fischer Black
Fischer Sheffey Black (January 11, 1938 – August 30, 1995) was an American economist, best known as one of the co-authors of the Black–Scholes option pricing model. He held academic positions at the University of Chicago and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and later worked at Goldman Sachs.

Black died in 1995, two years before the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded to his collaborator Myron Scholes and colleague Robert C. Merton for the development of the Black–Scholes model and its extension to a continuous-time framework. Because the prize is not awarded posthumously, Black was ineligible for the award.

In addition to his work on option pricing, Black made influential contributions to the development of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM). He also proposed more controversial ideas in monetary economics and in theories of the business cycle.
Al-Shati refugee camp
Al-Shati (Arabic: مخيم الشاطئ), also known as Shati or Beach camp, is a Palestinian refugee camp along the Mediterranean Sea, located in Gaza City within Gaza Governorate in the northern part of Gaza Strip.

Al-Shati was established in 1948 for about 23,000 Palestinians who fled or were expelled from the cities of Jaffa, Lod, and Beersheba as well as surrounding villages during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The camp's total land area consists of 520 dunums.

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), al-Shati had a population of 40,734 inhabitants in 2017. As of July 2023, the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) reports a population of 90,173 registered refugees. The camp is the third largest refugee camp in the Palestinian Territories.

Palestinian refugee camps
Palestinian refugee camps were first established to accommodate Palestinians who were displaced by the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight during the 1948 Palestine war. Camps were established by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. A subsequent wave of Palestinian refugees were created in the Naksa after the Six-Day War in 1967.

There are 68 Palestinian refugee camps in total, 58 official and 10 unofficial, ten of which were established after the Six-Day War while the others were established in 1948 to 1950s.

Only a third of registered Palestinian refugees live within the boundaries of the refugee camps. Most have integrated socially and economically outside the camps. Many live in adjacent geographic areas.

The number of registered Palestine refugees grew from 750,000 in 1950 to around 5 million in 2013.
Hewlett Johnson
Hewlett Johnson (25 January 1874 – 22 October 1966) was an English Anglican priest of the Church of England, author and Christian communist. He was Dean of Manchester and later Dean of Canterbury, where he acquired his nickname "The Red Dean of Canterbury" for his unyielding support towards Joseph Stalin and the Soviet Union and its allies.

Christian communism
Christian communism is a theological view that the teachings of Jesus compel Christians to support religious communism. Although there is no universal agreement on the exact dates when communistic ideas and practices in Christianity began, many Christian communists argue that evidence from the Bible suggests that the first Christians, including the Apostles in the New Testament, established their own small communist society in the years following Jesus' death and resurrection. Many advocates of Christian communism and other communists, including Karl Kautsky, argue that it was taught by Jesus and practised by the apostles themselves. This position is also held by historians studying early Christianity.

There are individuals who view the early Christian Church, such as the one described in the Acts of the Apostles, as an early form of communism or Christian socialism. They believe that communism was Christianity in practice and that Jesus was the first communist.