hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Petras
James Petras (17 January 1937 – 17 January 2026) was an American sociologist and academic who was the Bartle Professor (Emeritus) of Sociology at Binghamton University in Binghamton, New York, and adjunct professor at Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He published on political issues with particular focus on Latin America and the Middle East, imperialism, globalization, and leftist social movements.

Binghamton University
The State University of New York at Binghamton (also known as Binghamton University or SUNY Binghamton) is a public research university in Greater Binghamton, New York, United States. It is one of the four university centers in the State University of New York (SUNY) system.

Since its establishment in 1946, the school has evolved from a small liberal arts college to a large research university. It is classified among R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity. Binghamton's athletic teams are the Bearcats and they compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Bearcats are members of the America East Conference.
Armelle Khellas
Armelle Khellas Aït-Sahed (Arabic: أرميل خلاص آيت ساهد; born 25 June 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for Division 3 Féminine club Grenoble Foot 38. Born in France, she represents the Algeria national team.

Algeria women's national football team
The Algeria women's national football team (Arabic: منتخب الجزائر لكرة القدم للسيدات) represents Algeria in international women's football.

Algeria played its first match in 1998, against France, and lost 14–0. The team has never qualified for a World Cup. It has qualified six times for the Women's Africa Cup of Nations.

Algeria plays its home games at the Stade du 5 Juillet in Algiers and is coached by Farid Benstiti since December 2022. They are currently ranked 84th in the world in the FIFA women's rankings. The team's highest ranking was 64th, in June 2009.
Masahiro Makino
Masahiro Makino (マキノ 雅弘, Makino Masahiro; February 29, 1908 – October 29, 1993) was a Japanese film director. He directed more than 260 films, primarily in the chanbara and yakuza genres. His real name was Masatada (正唯), but he took the stage name Masahiro, the kanji for which he changed multiple times (including 雅広, 正博, and 雅裕).

Yakuza film
Yakuza film (Japanese: ヤクザ映画, Hepburn: Yakuza eiga) is a popular film genre in Japanese cinema which focuses on the lives and dealings of yakuza, Japanese organized crime syndicates. In the silent film era, depictions of bakuto (precursors to modern yakuza) as sympathetic Robin Hood-like characters were common.

Two types of yakuza films emerged in the 1950s and 1960s. The Nikkatsu studio was known for modern yakuza films inspired by Hollywood gangster films, while Toei was the main producer of what is known as ninkyo eiga (仁侠映画; "chivalry films"). Set in the Meiji and Taishō eras, ninkyo eiga depict honorable outlaws torn between giri (duty) and ninjo (personal feelings).

In contrast to ninkyo eiga, jitsuroku eiga (実録映画; "actual record films") based on real crime stories became popular in the 1970s. These portrayed modern yakuza not as honorable heirs to the samurai code, but as ruthless street thugs living for their own desires.
Claire Bertrand (painter)
Claire Bertrand-Eisenschitz, also known as Claire Bertrand, was a French expressionist artist born in Sèvres (now in the Hauts-de-Seine) on 22 June 1890. She died on 8 December 1969.
She was the wife of the painter Willy Eisenschitz, also a French painter and draftsman.

As a painter of the expressionist school, Claire Bertrand focused mainly landscapes and portraits, which reduces the grounds to basics. She mainly exhibited her works in Paris and in the south of france.

Willy Eisenschitz
Willy Eisenschitz (27 October 1889 – 8 July 1974) was a French painter of Austrian origin who mostly represented the landscapes of Provence and Drome in particular. His works are presented in a dozen European museums, and are the subject of retrospective exhibitions from 1957 to 2006.
Eoxin D4
Eoxin D4 (EXD4), also known as 14,15-leukotriene D4, is an eoxin. Cells make eoxins by metabolizing arachidonic acid with a 15-lipoxygenase enzyme to form (15S)-hydroperoxyeicosapentaenoic acid (i.e. 15(S)-HpETE). This product is then converted serially to EXA4, EXC4, EXD4, and EXE4 by LTC4 synthase, an unidentified gamma-glutamyltransferase, and an unidentified dipeptidase, respectively, in a pathway which appears similar if not identical to the pathway which forms leukotrienes, i.e. LTA4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4. This pathway is schematically shown as follows:

EXA4 is viewed as an intracellular-bound, short-lived intermediate which is rapidly metabolized to the downstream eoxins. The eoxins downstream of EXA4 are secreted from their parent cells and, it is proposed but not yet proven, serve to regulate allergic responses and the development of certain cancers (see eoxins).

Leukotriene D4
Leukotriene D4 (LTD4) is one of the leukotrienes. Its main function in the body is to induce the contraction of smooth muscle, resulting in bronchoconstriction and vasoconstriction. It also increases vascular permeability. LTD4 is released by basophils. Other leukotrienes that function in a similar manner are leukotrienes C4 and E4. Pharmacological agents that inhibit the function of these leukotrienes are leukotriene receptor antagonists (e.g., zafirlukast, montelukast) and are useful for asthmatic individuals.
Jaelin Howell
Jaelin Marie Howell (born November 21, 1999) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Gotham FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) and the United States national team. She played college soccer for the Florida State Seminoles, winning the Hermann Trophy in two consecutive seasons (2020 and 2021). She won national championships in 2018 and 2021.

Racing Louisville selected Howell second overall in the 2022 NWSL Draft, and she became Racing's captain the following year. In 2024, she was traded midseason to the Seattle Reign. She then joined Gotham and won the 2025 NWSL Championship in her first season with the Bats.

After playing at the under-17 and under-20 levels, Howell made her senior debut for the United States in 2020.

2025 NWSL Championship
The 2025 NWSL Championship was the 12th edition of the NWSL Championship, the championship match of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL), and took place on November 22, 2025. Gotham FC won 1–0 against the Washington Spirit to become NWSL champions for the second time. The match was played at PayPal Park in San Jose, California.
Kampong Serasa
Kampong Serasa is a village in Brunei-Muara District, Brunei, near the port town Muara. The population was 3,200 in 2016. It is home to Serasa Ferry Terminal, the country's primary international ferry terminal.

Muara, Brunei
Muara, officially known as Muara Town (Malay: Pekan Muara), is a port town located in the Brunei–Muara District, approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) from the capital, Bandar Seri Begawan. As of 2021, the population of the town was 2,539. Muara is officially classified as a settlement under Mukim Serasa, and its postcode is BT1128.
Hector Daniel
Brigadier Hector Cyril Daniel CBE MC AFC (1898 – 28 December 1953) was a South African military commander.  He served in the Royal Air Force in World War I, becoming an ace with nine aerial victories, and joined the South African Air Force in 1923.

He was Director of Air and Technical Services (head of the SAAF) from 1937 until the outbreak of World War II in 1939, when he was appointed Officer Commanding SAAF Headquarters. During the war, he was Inspector of the SAAF in 1940, senior SAAF officer in East Africa from 1940 to 1941, and Air Officer Commanding 24 Group from 1941.

Brigadier Daniel retired in 1953. He died by his own hand.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
Wellington East Girls' College
Wellington East Girls' College (WEGC, Maori name: Te Kura Kōhine o te Rāwhiti o Te Upoko o Te Ika) is a state single-sex girls' secondary school which sits directly above Mount Victoria Tunnel, Wellington, New Zealand. Serving Years 9 to 13 (ages 12 to 18), the school currently has 1,011 students.

The College primarily serves families of the eastern and southern suburbs and inner-city  Wellington. However, it also has students from all over Wellington, the Hutt Valley and Porirua City, out of zone students being accepted in on a ballot. The school has a Special Needs Unit for about 20 students, some of whom are integrated into the school system.

Porirua
Porirua, (Māori: Pari-ā-Rua) a city in the Wellington Region of the North Island of New Zealand, is one of the four cities that constitute the Wellington metropolitan area. The name 'Porirua' is a corruption of 'Pari-rua', meaning "the tide sweeping up both reaches". It almost completely surrounds Porirua Harbour at the southern end of the Kāpiti Coast. As of 2023, Porirua has a population of 62,400 people,
and is a diverse city with 26.5% of the population identifying as Pasifika   and 23.0% of the population identifying as Māori.
Monogem
Jennifer Ashley Hirsh Melvin (born June 25, 1986), known professionally as Monogem (stylized in all caps), is an American singer-songwriter. She appeared on season eleven of American Idol as a contestant, where she placed fifteenth. Her debut album, Gardenia (2021), was released independently.

In 2015, she released her self-titled debut extended play, Monogem. She later released her second extended play, 100% (2017). Two years later, she released her third extended play, So Many Ways (2019).

American Idol season 11
The eleventh season of American Idol premiered on Fox on January 18, 2012, and concluded on May 23, 2012. Ryan Seacrest returned as host, while Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler all returned as judges. Interscope Records chairman Jimmy Iovine, a songwriter and producer, also returned as an in-house mentor to work with the contestants on a weekly basis. The season followed the same format as the tenth season. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler both announced that they would be leaving the show two months after the finale, although Lopez later returned as a judge for the show's thirteenth season.

The season set a record when 132 million votes were received for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, who was the runner-up.
Kim Crosby (racing driver)
Kim Crosby (born December 8, 1964) is an American stock car racing driver, professional driving instructor, and monster truck driver. She is a former competitor in the NASCAR Busch Series and the ARCA Re/Max Series.

Monster Jam
Monster Jam is a live motorsport event tour operated by Feld Entertainment. The series began in 1992, and is sanctioned under the umbrella of the United States Hot Rod Association. Events are primarily held in North America, with some additional events in other countries. Although individual event formats can vary greatly based on the "intermission" entertainment, the main attraction is always the racing, two-wheel skills competition, and freestyle competitions by monster trucks.
Euophrys cochlea
Euophrys cochlea is a species of jumping spider in the genus Euophrys that is endemic to South Africa. The species was first described in 2014 by Wanda Wesołowska, Galina Azarkina and Anthony Russell-Smith. It is a medium-sized brown spider, with a body that consists of a cephalothorax that is between 1.7 and 2.4 mm (0.07 and 0.09 in) long and an abdomen between 1.7 and 2.9 mm (0.11 in) long. The cephalothorax has a dark brown carapace, or topside. The spider's eye field is darker, with black rings around the eyes but marked with a white patch. The female has a yellowish-brown abdomen while the male is a darker brown.  While the female has light brown to yellow legs, the male's legs whitish-yellow or yellowish-orange. The spider is most easily differentiated from others species in the genus by its screw-like embolus, part of the male's copulatory organs. This is recalled in the species name, the Latin word for screw.

Euophrys
Euophrys is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1834. The small black E. omnisuperstes lives on Mount Everest at elevations up to 6,700 meters, possibly making it the most elevated animal in the world. It lives on insects that have been blown upwards.
Youssef Ramadan
Youssef Ramadan (Arabic: يوسف رمضان; born 7 July 2002) is an Egyptian swimmer. He is an African record holder in the short course 4×50 metre medley relay and 4×100 metre medley relay, where he swam butterfly leg on both relays. He competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in the 100 metre butterfly, placing sixteenth in the semifinals. At the 2021 World Short Course Championships, he placed fourth in the 100 metre butterfly and thirteenth in the 100 metre freestyle. At the 2022 World Short Course Championships, he placed eighth in the final of the 100 metre butterfly and tenth in the semifinals of the 100 metre freestyle and the 50 metre butterfly. In 2023, he won the NCAA Division I Championships title in the 100 yard butterfly.

2023 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 2023 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships were contested March 22–25, 2023 at the 99th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

This year's events were hosted by the University of Minnesota at the Jean K. Freeman Aquatic Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
2nd Middlesex Artillery Volunteers
The 2nd Middlesex Artillery was a Volunteer unit of Britain's Royal Artillery. First raised in the Victorian era among Customs officers in the Port of London, it later became the 3rd London Brigade, Royal Field Artillery in the Territorial Force and saw action on the Western Front during World War I.

56th (London) Infantry Division
The 56th (London) Infantry Division was a Territorial Army infantry division of the British Army, which served under several different titles and designations. The division served in the trenches of the Western Front during the First World War. Demobilised after the war, the division was reformed in 1920 and saw active service again in the Second World War in Tunisia and Italy. The division was again disbanded in 1946 and reformed first as an armoured formation and then as an infantry division before final disbandment in 1961.
Denise McAdam
Denise Patricia McAdam RVM is a Scottish celebrity hairdresser based in London.

Denise cuts the hair of many members of the royal family. She did Sarah Ferguson’s hair for her wedding. Since the mid-1970s she has also worked for other public figures, including Bo Derek, Britt Ekland, Ronan Keating, Grace Kelly, Sade, Frank Sinatra, JLS and The Saturdays.

In June 2010 as part of the Queen's Birthday Honours McAdam received the Royal Victorian Medal, "for hairdressing services to the Royal Family". In 2014 she began appearing as one of the main judges on the BBC TV series Hair.

Royal Victorian Medal
The Royal Victorian Medal (RVM) is a decoration established by Queen Victoria in April 1896. A part of the Royal Victorian Order, it is a reward for personal service to the Sovereign or the royal family, and is the personal gift of the Sovereign. It differs from other grades of the order in appearance and in the way it is worn.

The medal has three levels – bronze, silver, and gold. Medal bars may be awarded to each level of medal to denote subsequent awards. Recipients may continue to wear their original medal if they are awarded a higher level for further service. The medal may also be worn in addition to the insignia of the Royal Victorian Order if the latter is subsequently awarded. Recipients are entitled to use the post-nominal letters RVM.
Rivière aux Chevreuils
The Rivière aux Chevreuils (in English: Deer River) is a tributary of the south shore of the rivière du Chêne which empties on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada.

The “Rivière aux Chevreuils” flows through the regional county municipalities (MRC) of:

L'Érable Regional County Municipality: municipality of Lyster;

Lotbinière Regional County Municipality: municipalities of Sainte-Agathe-de-Lotbinière, Saint-Janvier-de-Joly and Val-Alain.

L'Érable Regional County Municipality
L'Érable (French pronunciation: [leʁabl], Maple) is a regional county municipality in the Centre-du-Québec region of Quebec, Canada. Named for its maple trees, the area is rural in nature and is located 50 km southwest of Quebec City. Its seat is Plessisville.
Happy Sugar Life
Happy Sugar Life (Japanese: ハッピーシュガーライフ, Hepburn: Happī Shugā Raifu) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Tomiyaki Kagisora. It was serialized in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Gangan Joker from May 2015 to June 2019. The series is licensed by Yen Press. An anime television series adaptation by Ezóla aired during the Animeism programming block from July to September 2018.

Ezóla
Ezóla is a Japanese animation brand used as a collective name by Diomedéa and Studio Blanc starting in 2018. The two studios co-produced My Girlfriend Is Shobitch in 2017 prior to the creation of the "Ezóla" brand.
Dirichlet form
In potential theory (the study of harmonic functions) and functional analysis, Dirichlet forms generalize the Laplacian (the mathematical operator on scalar fields). Dirichlet forms can be defined on any measure space, without the need for mentioning partial derivatives. This allows mathematicians to study the Laplace equation and heat equation on spaces that are not manifolds, for example, fractals. The benefit on these spaces is that one can do this without needing a gradient operator, and in particular, one can even weakly define a "Laplacian" in this manner if starting with the Dirichlet form.

Harmonic function
In mathematics, mathematical physics and the theory of stochastic processes, a harmonic function is a twice continuously differentiable function  where U is an open subset of ⁠⁠ that satisfies Laplace's equation, that is,

everywhere on U. This is usually written as

or
Ekaterina Rumyantseva
Ekaterina Rumyantseva (born 28 January 1991) is a Russian biathlete and cross-country skier. She represented the Neutral Paralympic Athletes at the 2018 Winter Paralympics, which is also her first Paralympic competition.

Ekaterina clinched a gold medal in the women's 6km standing event at the 2018 Winter Paralympics, while the silver medal was claimed by her fellow Russian compatriot Anna Milenina in the relevant event, who also competed under the Neutral Paralympic flag.

In 2018, she was named "Disabled Female Athlete of the Year" in the nomination "Overcoming" by the Ministry of Sport of Russia. She was also named the International Sports Prize World Athlete of the Year award in 2018.

Neutral Paralympic Athletes at the 2018 Winter Paralympics
Russian athletes competed as Neutral Paralympic Athletes at the 2018 Winter Paralympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, held between 9–18 March 2018. The Russian Paralympic Committee remained suspended from the Paralympic movement since 2016, due to the state-sponsored doping programme scandal, but the International Paralympic Committee allowed athletes deemed clean to participate in five sports. They participated under the Paralympic flag, and the Paralympic anthem was used during ceremonies for those who won gold medals.
Sumire Hata
Sumire Hata (Japanese 秦澄美鈴 Hata Sumire ; born 4 May 1996) is a Japanese track and field athlete who specializes in the long jump. She has also competed in the high jump early in her career. In 2023 she won gold at 2023 Asian Indoor Athletics Championships and 2023 Asian Athletics Championships.

2023 Asian Indoor Athletics Championships
The 2023 Asian Indoor Athletics Championships was the tenth edition of the international indoor athletics event among Asian nations. It took place at the Kazakhstan Sports Palace in Astana, the first ever edition in  Kazakhstan, from 10 to 12 February.
Mohammed Polo
Alhaji Mohammed Ahmed (born 11 November 1956), popularly known as Mohammed Polo and the "Dribbling Magician", is a former Ghanaian international and local club football player. He is considered one of the best dribblers and Ghanaian player of his generation.

He spent years of his soccer career playing as a left winger for Hearts of Oak in the Ghana Premier League in the 1970s and 1980s, and was also a key player in the Ghana squad that won the 1978 African Cup of Nations held in Ghana.

Ghana national football team
The Ghana national football team represents Ghana in men's international football. The team is named the Black Stars after the Black Star of Africa in the flag of Ghana. It is governed by the Ghana Football Association, the governing body for football in Ghana. Prior to 1957, it played as the Gold Coast.

Ghana qualified for the FIFA World Cup for the first time in 2006. The team has won the Africa Cup of Nations four times (1963, 1965, 1978, and 1982), while finishing as runners-up five times (1968, 1970, 1992, 2010, and 2015). They have also qualified for the CHAN four times, finishing as runners-up twice (2009 and 2014).

In 2009, Ghana achieved a historic milestone by becoming the first African nation to win the FIFA U-20 World Cup, defeating Brazil in the final in Egypt.

As at November 20, 2025, Ghana ranked 72nd in the world and 17th among African football nations.
Political slogans against the Islamic Republic of Iran
Political slogans against the Islamic Republic of Iran are used by the Iranian public to voice opposition to the Islamic Republic and its government. These slogans have developed over the years as a response to widespread discontent with the country's socio-political environment. Many Iranians say that the 1979 revolution, which overthrew the Pahlavi monarchy, initially promised democracy and freedom, but resulted in the establishment of a theocratic regime under the leadership of Ruhollah Khomeini. Over time, these political slogans have become a significant tool for expressing dissent, reflecting the aspirations of millions seeking freedom, justice, and systemic change in Iran.

Woman, Life, Freedom
Woman, Life, Freedom (Kurdish: ژن، ژیان، ئازادی, romanized: Jin, Jîyan, Azadî) is a popular political Kurdish slogan used in both the Kurdish independence and democratic confederalist movements. The slogan became a rallying cry during the protests which occurred in Iran as a response to the death of Mahsa Amini.

The phrase rapidly became a universal rallying cry, symbolizing resistance against oppression and the fight for women's rights.
QQ Browser
QQ Browser is a web browser based on the Chromium engine developed by Mainland Chinese technology company Tencent. It utilizes two browser engines: WebKit and Trident. Previously, Tencent had developed Tencent Explorer (Tencent TE) and Tencent TT, two browsers based on the Trident engine, as well as QQ Browser versions 5 and 6, which integrated the WebKit engine.

Trident (software)
Trident (also known as MSHTML) is a proprietary browser engine for the Microsoft Windows version of Internet Explorer, developed by Microsoft.

MSHTML debuted with the release of Internet Explorer 4 in 1997. For versions 7 and 8 of Internet Explorer, Microsoft made significant changes to MSHTML's layout capabilities to improve compliance with Web standards and add support for new technologies.

MSHTML will continue to receive security updates for the IE mode of Microsoft Edge until at least 2029. However, support for new Web standards will not be added.