hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Load-link/store-conditional
In computer science, load-linked/store-conditional (LL/SC), sometimes known as load-reserved/store-conditional (LR/SC), are a pair of instructions used in multithreading to achieve synchronization. Load-link returns the current value of a memory location, while a subsequent store-conditional to the same memory location will store a new value only if no updates have occurred to that location since the load-link. Together, this implements a lock-free, atomic, read-modify-write operation.

"Load-linked" is also known as load-link, load-reserved, and load-locked.

LL/SC was originally proposed by Jensen, Hagensen, and Broughton for the S-1 AAP multiprocessor at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

Read–modify–write
In computer science, read–modify–write is a class of atomic operations (such as test-and-set, fetch-and-add, and compare-and-swap) that both read a memory location and write a new value into it simultaneously, either with a completely new value or some function of the previous value.  These operations prevent race conditions in multi-threaded applications. Typically they are used to implement mutexes or semaphores.  These atomic operations are also heavily used in non-blocking synchronization.

Read–modify–write instructions often produce unexpected results when used on I/O devices, as a write operation may not affect the same internal register that would be accessed in a read operation. This term is also associated with RAID levels that perform actual write operations as atomic read–modify–write sequences.  Such RAID levels include RAID 4, RAID 5 and RAID 6.
Raja Venkat
Raja Venkatraman (born 7 September 1958), better known as Raja Venkat, is a former Indian first-class cricketer and national team selector. He played for Bengal cricket team between the 1980/81 and 1991/92 seasons. He was part of the Indian team selection panel from 2008 to 2012.

India national cricket team selectors
Indian national cricket selectors are a committee of cricket administrators, usually composed of former cricket players and is appointed by the Board of Control for Cricket in India. Their responsibility is to select members of cricket teams to represent India at various levels. The term for selectors was increased from one year to two years in 2006, with a provision for an additional year based on performance. The selectors are appointed by the BCCI's three-member Cricket Advisory Committee, which currently includes Ashok Malhotra, Jatin Paranjpe, and Sulakshana Naik.
Nevada State Route 230
State Route 230 (SR 230) is a state highway central Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is a southern loop route off of Interstate 80 (I‑80) between Elko and Wells, serving the communities of Deeth and Welcome and various ranches within Starr Valley. The road follows a U-shaped path and passes close to the East Humboldt Range. The road was constructed by 1962, but was not designated as a state highway until 1992.

Interstate 80 in Nevada
Interstate 80 (I-80) traverses the northern portion of the US state of Nevada. The freeway serves the Reno metropolitan area and passes through the towns of Fernley, Lovelock, Winnemucca, Battle Mountain, Carlin, Elko, Wells and West Wendover on its way through the state.

I-80 follows the historical routes of the California Trail, first transcontinental railroad and Feather River Route throughout portions of Nevada. Throughout the entire state, I-80 follows the historical routes of the Victory Highway, State Route 1 (SR 1) and US Route 40 (US 40). The freeway corridor follows the paths of the Truckee and Humboldt rivers. These rivers have been used as a transportation corridor since the California Gold Rush of the 1840s.

The Nevada portion of I-80 has been designated as the Dwight D. Eisenhower Highway and Purple Heart Trail.
David Barnard
David T. Barnard OM (born 1951) is a Canadian computer scientist and academic, who served as the 11th president and vice-chancellor of the University of Manitoba from 2008 to 2020. He was also chair of Universities Canada.

Order of Manitoba
The Order of Manitoba is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Manitoba. Instituted in 1999 when Lieutenant Governor Peter Liba granted royal assent to the Order of Manitoba Act, the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Manitoba residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described as the highest honour amongst all others conferred by the Manitoba Crown.
Tiny Kahn
Norman "Tiny" Kahn (1923 – August 19, 1953) was an American jazz drummer, arranger, and composer.

He was born in New York, United States. Kahn began playing drums at age 15. He played with Boyd Raeburn (1948), Georgie Auld, Chubby Jackson, and Charlie Barnet (1949), and played drums and vibraphone under Elliot Lawrence (1952–53). He also performed and recorded with Red Rodney, Serge Chaloff, Lester Young, Al Cohn, and Stan Getz.

He worked with many of the ensembles he played in as an arranger, and also arranged for Woody Herman and Elliot Lawrence. He composed "Tiny's Blues" and "Father Knickerbopper" among other tunes. He has been mentioned as the original composer of Donna Lee before it was taught to Miles then Bird. Kahn never led a recording session; he died in Edgartown, Massachusetts, of a heart attack at age 30.

Al Cohn
Alvin Gilbert Cohn (November 24, 1925 – February 15, 1988) was an American jazz saxophonist, arranger and composer. He came to prominence in the band of clarinetist Woody Herman and was known for his longtime musical partnership with fellow saxophonist Zoot Sims.
Vićentije Rakić
Vićentije Rakić (29 April 1750 – 29 March 1818) was a Serbian writer, poet, priest, philanthropist and a disciple of Dositej Obradović. He founded the School of Theology (now part of the University of Belgrade) when in 1810 he headed a newly established theological college and in 1812 the first students graduated from it.

Dositej Obradović
Dositej Obradović (Serbian Cyrillic: Доситеј Обрадовић, Serbian pronunciation: [dɔsǐtɛːj ɔbrǎːdɔʋitɕ]; 17 February 1739 – 7 April 1811) was a Serbian writer, philosopher, pedagogue, translator, educational reformer, linguist and the first minister of education of Serbia. An influential protagonist of the Serbian national and cultural renaissance, he advocated Enlightenment and rationalist ideas, while remaining a Serbian patriot and an adherent of the Serbian Orthodox Church.
Trench & Snook
Trench & Snook was an architecture firm in New York City in the mid-19th century which was a partnership of Joseph Trench, the senior partner, and John B. Snook, the junior partner.  It evolved out of Joseph Trench & Company around the mid-1840s, several years after Snook joined the firm.  After Trench left in 1850 or 1851, Snook practiced on his own under the company name.  It later became John B. Snook & Sons after three of his sons and a son-in-law joined the firm.

John B. Snook
John Butler Snook (1815–1901) was an American architect who practiced in New York City. He was responsible for the design of a number of notable cast-iron buildings, most of which are now in and around SoHo, Manhattan, as well as the original Grand Central Depot, which preceded the current Grand Central Terminal.
Execution of Mohammad Mehdi Karami
Mohammad Mehdi Karami (Persian: محمدمهدی کرمی; c. 1 November 2001 – 7 January 2023) was a 21-year-old Iranian-Kurdish man who was executed by the Islamic Republic of Iran for his involvement in the Mahsa Amini protests. He was convicted of Fisad-e-filarz (an Arabic term translating to "corruption on Earth") for allegedly being involved in the killing of a Basij militiaman during protests in Karaj commemorating the 40-day anniversary of Hadis Najafi's death. Karami was executed alongside 39-year-old volunteer children's coach Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini, another man who was also convicted of Fisad-e-filarz for his alleged involvement in the same killing. Both Karami and Hosseini asserted their innocence, and human rights organizations have accused Iranian authorities of using "shoddy evidence" to convict them.

Mofsed-e-filarz
Mofsed-e-filarz (Persian: افساد فی الارض, also Mofsed fel-Arz, Afsad-i fil Arz, or fasad-fel-arz, Arabic: المفسد في الأرض Al-Mufsid fi al-Arḍ, also fasad fi 'l-ard; lit. 'Corruption on the Earth ') is the title of capital crimes, or the person guilty of them, in Iran, which has been translated in English-language sources variously as "spreading corruption on Earth", "spreading corruption that threatens social and political well-being", "corrupt of the Earth; one who is charged with spreading corruption", "gross offenders of the moral order", and "enemies of God on Earth".
Google Street View in Canada
In Canada, Google Street View is available on streets, roads, and highways in most parts of the country, with coverage in all provinces and territories. The feature is also provided in Whistler Blackcomb Resort, the location of the 2010 Winter Olympics.

Google Street View
Google Street View is a technology featured in Google Maps and Google Earth that provides interactive panoramas from positions along many streets in the world. Google Street View displays interactive panoramas of stitched VR photographs. Most photography is done by car, but some is done by tricycle, camel, boat, snowmobile, underwater apparatus, and on foot.

First launched in 2007 in several cities in the United States, Street View has since expanded to include all of the country's major and minor cities, as well as the cities and rural areas of many other countries worldwide. As of 2017, Street View had coverage in 83 countries. Street View has been used for research in fields like urban analytics and geographic information science. Street View imagery has also been used in artistic work.
Afzal Rahman Khan
Afzal Akram Rahman Khan (Urdu: افضل رحمان خان; 1921–1983; popularly known as  Admiral A. R. Khan), HQA, HPk, HJ, was a Pakistan Navy admiral, politician, and the Commander in Chief of the Pakistan Navy, serving under President Ayub Khan from 1959 until 1966. He is noted for being the longest serving commander-in-chief of navy and was responsible for launching and introducing the submarine program in the navy.

Later, he served in Ayub Khan's administration simultaneously as Interior Minister and Defence Minister, until he resigned when General Yahya Khan, Army Commander-in-Chief, enforced martial law in 1969.

Commissioned in the Royal Indian Navy in 1938, Khan served in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 in non-combat operations. He earned notability and prestige when he commanded the Pakistan Navy against Indian Navy during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.

Minister of Defence (Pakistan)
The Minister of Defence (Urdu: 'وزیرِ دفاع') heads the Ministry of Defence. The minister serves in the cabinet of the Prime Minister and is required to be a member of Parliament.

In the history of the country, the defence portfolio has usually been headed by the head of the government, be that the President or Prime Minister of the country. The first defence minister was Liaquat Ali Khan.
Deep artery of the penis
The deep artery of the penis (artery to the corpus cavernosum) is a small collateral branch of the internal pudendal artery that supplies the corpus cavernosum. The artery enters the crus of penis at the crus' anterior extremity.

Corpus cavernosum penis
A corpus cavernosum penis (singular) (from Latin, characterised by "cavities/ hollows" of the penis, pl.: corpora cavernosa) is one of a pair of sponge-like regions of erectile tissue, which contain most of the blood in the penis of several animals during an erection.

It is homologous to the corpus cavernosum clitoridis in the female.
José Embrioni
José Embrioni (19 March 1906 – 14 April 1996) was an Argentine military official and politician who served as intendente (mayor) of Buenos Aires from 1973 to 1976, appointed by President Raúl Lastiri, until his resignation in the face of the 1976 coup d'état.

Raúl Lastiri
Raúl Alberto Lastiri (11 September 1915 – 11 December 1978) was an Argentine politician who was interim president of Argentina from 13 July 1973 until 12 October 1973. Lastiri, who presided over the Argentine Chamber of Deputies, was promoted to the presidency of the country after Héctor Cámpora and Vicente Solano Lima resigned, he called new elections and delivered the country's government to Juan Perón, who won in September with over 60% of the votes.
Fuad Nimani
Fuad Nimani (Cyrillic: Фуад Нимани) was a Montenegrin-Albanian politician, born in Shkodër, Albania to an Albanian family from Ulcinj, Montenegro in 1948. He finished the elementary school in Ulcinj, secondary school in Pristina, Kosovo and he graduated at the Faculty of Mathematics at the Universiteti i Prishtinës. He died on 25 April 2012 in Ulcinj.

Albanians in Montenegro
Albanians in Montenegro (Albanian: Shqiptarët e Malit të Zi; Montenegrin: Албанци у Црној Гори, romanized: Albanci u Crnoj Gori) are ethnic Albanians who constitute 4.97% of Montenegro's total population. They are the largest non-Slavic ethnic group in Montenegro.

Albanians are particularly concentrated in southeastern and eastern Montenegro alongside the border with Albania in the following municipalities including Ulcinj (73.5% of total population), Tuzi (62.6%), Gusinje (34.4%), Plav (9.4%), and Rožaje (5.1%).

The largest Montenegrin town with significant Albanian population is Ulcinj, where the Albanian National Council is located. In 2022, Dritan Abazović became the first ethnic Albanian to hold the office of Prime Minister of Montenegro.
Matityahu (Israeli settlement)
Matityahu (Hebrew: מַתִּתְיָהוּ) is an Israeli settlement organized as a community settlement in the West Bank. Located approximately midway between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, near the settlement of Modi'in Illit and the city of Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut. It is named after Matityahu the Hasmonean, who lived in Modi'in (1 Maccabees 2:15-17). It falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Binyamin Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,144.

Matityahu was initially founded in 1981 by a group of English-speaking immigrants from the United States and elsewhere, and it is now home to a community of observant Jewish families. Matityahu vineyards sell grapes to Israeli winemakers. The community also has agricultural fields operated by independent contractors and rental properties in its commercial park.

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Mateh Binyamin Regional Council
Mateh Binyamin Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית מטה בנימין, Mo'atza Azorit Mateh Binyamin, Lit. Council for the Region of the Tribe of Benjamin) is a regional council governing 47 Israeli settlements and outposts in the West Bank. The council's jurisdiction is from the Jordan valley in the east to the Samarian foothills in the west, and from the Shiloh creek in the north to the Jerusalem Mountains in the south.

The seat of the council is Psagot. The council is named for the ancient Israelite tribe of Benjamin, whose territory roughly corresponds to that of the council. The region in which the Binyamin settlements are located is referred to as the Binyamin Region.

The international community considers Israeli settlements to be illegal, but the state of Israel disputes this, and this applies to all communities under the administration of Mateh Binyamin.
Nyangia
The Nyangia community are a tribe in North-eastern Uganda. They live on the slopes of Nyangea Mountains, west of Kidepo Valley National Park, along the Ugandan border with South Sudan. The Nyangia also called Nyang'i, Nyangea or Nyangia are part of the Nilotic ethnic group largely found in Karenga District in Karamoja.

Karamoja
The Karamoja sub-region, commonly known as Karamoja, is a region in Uganda.  It covers an area of 27,528km and comprises the Kotido District, Kaabong District, Karenga District, Nabilatuk District, Abim District, Moroto District, Napak District, Amudat District and Nakapiripirit District. The region is projected to have a population of 1.4 millions in 2022 by UBOS.
Gravity (basketball)
In basketball, the term gravity is used when describing situations in which players without the ball draw defenders to them, simply as a result of their shooting ability being a known threat. This in turn helps their teammates access more open shot opportunities themselves. As the offensive player is deemed a threat by the defending team, the defense collapses in on the player, hence the player is described as having gravity on offense.

Off the ball
Off the ball (or OTB) is a term used in football in the United Kingdom, usually associated with a player's action when not in possession of the ball, such as a fight or a late challenge.

If a referee does not see an OTB incident but another official, such as the assistant referee, does, the assistant may draw their attention, usually activating a buzzer that the referee has strapped to their upper arm or by waving their flag. The assistant will inform the referee as to what happened, and the referee will act according to the laws of the game. Depending on the severity of the incident, this may involve booking the involved player or sending them off.
Philippine Human Rights Information Center
The Philippine Human Rights Information Center (PhilRights) is a non-profit, national human rights organization in the Philippines, Manila. PhilRights is the research and information arm of the Philippine Alliance of Human Rights Advocates (PAHRA) and is a research and information institution that provides information, documentation, research and analyses. The main work are the Institutional Programs: Human Rights Research, Human Rights Monitoring and Documentation, Human Rights Information, Human Rights Education and Training.

PhilRights was founded in 1991 by PAHRA.

Philippine Alliance of Human Rights Advocates
The Philippine Alliance of Human Rights Advocates (PAHRA) is a non-profit, national human rights organization in the Philippines, Manila. PAHRA is an alliance of individuals, institutions and organizations committed to the promotion, protection and realization of human rights on the national and international level. The organization's task is to promote and defend human rights, prevent Human Rights violations and abuses by. Its main work is to build up a network on progressive human rights organization on national level as well as in the international level. The organization primarily campaigns for civil and political rights; economic, social and cultural rights; human rights defenders.

It was founded in 1986 as a result of the President Ferdinand Marcos' administration under martial law. Task Force Detainees of the Philippines and other human rights organizations established PAHRA.
Dylan Schneider
Dylan Schneider (born October 9, 1999) is an American country music singer and songwriter. He self-released his debut extended play, Wannabe in August 2016. Labelled "Country Music's Next Rising Star" by Billboard, Schneider has landed two EPs in the Top 20 of the magazine's Heatseekers Albums chart in under a year without a label to support them.

In the following years, Schneider released a series of EPs, secured a publishing deal, and toured with artists such as Florida Georgia Line and Morgan Wallen. Schneider's achievements include two RIAA-certified Gold records and a Top 5 hit as a songwriter with Dustin Lynch’s “Momma’s House.”

Dustin Lynch
Dustin Charles Lynch (born May 14, 1985) is an American country music singer and songwriter, signed to Broken Bow Records. Lynch has released six albums and one EP for the label: a self-titled album in 2012, Where It's At in 2014, Current Mood in 2017, Tullahoma in 2020, Blue in the Sky in 2022 and Killed the Cowboy in 2023. He has also released seventeen singles, of which nine have reached number one on Country Airplay.
Saloninus
Publius Licinius Cornelius Saloninus Valerianus (died 260), typically just called Saloninus, was a young Roman nobleman who briefly became emperor in 260. The grandson of Valerian I, Saloninus was appointed caesar (heir) in 258 in an attempt to shore up the Licinian line of succession during the Crisis of the Third Century. During his time in power, Saloninus administered the German marches out of Cologne. Nevertheless, Saloninus soon became embroiled in a dispute with future Gallic emperor Postumus over war spoils. In 260, Saloninus' troops acclaimed him augustus (emperor) in an unsuccessful bid for political legitimacy; Postumus killed Saloninus shortly thereafter.

Valerian (emperor)
Valerian (/vəˈlɪəriən/ və-LEER-ee-ən; Latin: Publius Licinius Valerianus; c. 199 – 260 or 264) was Roman emperor from 253 to spring 260 AD. He rose to power during a particularly unstable period during the Crisis of the Third Century and appointed his son Gallienus as co-emperor.

Valerian is known as the first Roman emperor to have been taken captive in battle, captured by the Persian emperor Shapur I after the Battle of Edessa, causing shock and instability throughout the Roman Empire. The unprecedented event and rumors of his humiliation at the hands of the Persian emperor generated a variety of different reactions and "new narratives about the Roman Empire in diverse contexts".
Cavendish Boyle
Sir Charles Cavendish Boyle KCMG AMInstCE (29 May 1849 – 17 September 1916) was a British civil servant, magistrate, and colonial administrator who served as Colonial Governor of Newfoundland, Mauritius and British Guiana. He wrote the lyrics for the anthem of the Dominion and later Province of Newfoundland, "Ode to Newfoundland".

Governor of British Mauritius
The governor of Mauritius was the official who governed the Crown Colony of Mauritius (now Republic of Mauritius) during the British colonial period between 1810 and 1968. Upon the end of British rule and the independence of Mauritius in 1968, this office was replaced by the governor-general, who represented the British monarch and not the Government of the United Kingdom as did the governor. The office of Governor-General was itself abolished in 1992 and replaced by the post of President when Mauritius became a republic.
Peter O'Neill
Peter Charles Paire O'Neill (born 13 February 1965) is a Papua New Guinean politician who served as the seventh Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea from 2011 to 2019. He has been a Member of Parliament for Ialibu-Pangia since 2002. He was a former cabinet minister and the leader of the People's National Congress between 2006 and 2022. He resigned his position as prime minister to avoid a vote of no confidence, and he was succeeded by James Marape.

James Marape
James Marape (born 24 April 1971) is a Papua New Guinean politician who has served as the prime minister of Papua New Guinea since May 2019. He has been a member of the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea since July 2007, representing the electorate of Tari-Pori Open in Hela Province in the New Guinea Highlands. He has held Cabinet Posts as Minister of Education (2008–2011), Minister of Finance (2012–2019), and Minister of Foreign Affairs (2023–2024). Marape entered the 2022 elections under the banner of the Pangu Party and won the most seats, while still being far from a majority. He was therefore able to form government, which was elected unopposed by the new parliament.
John L. Pyle
John L. Pyle (May 5, 1860 - February 22, 1902) was an attorney and politician from the state of South Dakota.  A Republican, he was notable for his service as state's attorney of Hand County (1886-1888) and state attorney general (1899-1902).

South Dakota Attorney General
The attorney general of South Dakota is the state attorney general of the U.S. state of South Dakota. The attorney general is elected by popular vote to a four-year term and holds an executive position as the state's chief legal officer. In 1992, the voters approved a constitutional amendment to limit all constitutional officers and the governor to two consecutive four-year terms.