hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Quality of working life
Quality of working life (QWL) describes a person's broader employment-related experience. Various authors and researchers have proposed models of quality of working life – also referred to as quality of worklife – which include a wide range of factors, sometimes classified as "motivator factors" which if present can make the job experience a positive one, and "hygiene factors" which if lacking are more associated with dissatisfaction. A number of rating scales have been developed aiming to measure overall quality of working life or certain aspects thereof. Some publications have drawn attention to the importance of QWL for both employees and employers, and also for national economic performance.

Quality of life
Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".

Standard indicators of the quality of life include wealth, employment, the environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, social belonging, religious beliefs, safety, security and freedom. QOL has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare, politics and employment. Health related QOL (HRQOL) is an evaluation of QOL and its relationship with health.
Giovanni Garbini
Giovanni Garbini (8 October 1931 – 2 January 2017) was an Italian Orientalist and Semitist. His biblical studies revealed historical omissions and helped scholars to interpret the biblical narrative in the larger context of the history of the ancient Near East. He worked as a university lecturer in the Istituto Universitario Orientale in Naples, at the Scuola Normale in Pisa and finally in Sapienza in Rome until his retirement. He was a member of the Lincean Academy since 1990, and a member of the Leone Caetani foundation for Islamic studies.

Accademia dei Lincei
The Accademia dei Lincei, anglicised as the Lincean Academy, was an Italian accademia active from 1603 to 1651. It was established in Rome in 1603 by Federico Cesi, and was named after the lynx, an animal whose sharp vision symbolizes the acuity that science requires. Galileo Galilei was the intellectual centre of the academy and adopted "Galileo Galilei Linceo" as his signature. Cesi died in 1630, and the academy was dissolved in or before 1651.

During the nineteenth century, it was revived, first in the Papal States and later in the nation of Italy. Thus the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, established in 1936, claims this heritage as the Accademia Pontificia dei Nuovi Lincei ("Pontifical Academy of the New Lynx-Eyed"), founded in 1847, descending from the first two incarnations of the Academy. Similarly, a lynx-eyed academy of the 1870s became the national academy of Italy, encompassing both literature and science among its concerns.
Sokółka horse
The Sokółka horse (Polish: Koń sokólski), also known as Sokolski, is a Polish breed of draught horse. It is named for the town and county of Sokółka, near Białystok in north-eastern Poland, where it was first bred in the 1920s. It derives from cross-breeding of local Polish mares of Polish Coldblood type with imported Trait Belge and Ardennais stock.: 496  It is distributed mainly in the voivodeships of Lublin and Podlaskie.

Polish Coldblood
The Polish Coldblood is a modern Polish breed or group of breeds of draught horse of medium to heavy weight. It was formed in 1964 when the various regional draught breeds or types were merged into a single stud-book. Those local types derived from cross-breeding of local mares with imported stallions of heavy draught breeds, principally of Ardennais, Belgian Draught and Swedish Ardennes stock.

In the twenty-first century the horses are used for tractive power and are reared for horsemeat, particularly for the Italian market.
Staatsmijn Hendrik
The Dutch State Mine (DSM) Hendrik, in Dutch Staatsmijn Hendrik,  was a coal mine located in Brunssum. It was run by the Dutch state through its company DSM. The mine was in operation from 1915 until 1963, when it was integrated with DSM Emma. DSM Hendrik was named after Queen Wilhelmina's husband Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

The mine had four shafts. Shaft number 3 was a ventilation shaft on the Brunssummerheide near Nieuwenhagen. Shaft number 4 was the deepest at 1,058 metres (3,471 ft). Total production was 61.2 megatons of gas-rich coal that was used to produce coke.

Brunssum
Brunssum (Dutch: [ˈbrʏnsʏm] ⓘ; Limburgish: Broensem) is a municipality and a town in the province of Limburg in the Netherlands. The municipality of Brunssum has 27,670 residents as of 2021.

Brunssum was a center of coal mining until 1973.
Johannes Palmqvist
Johannes Palmqvist (1805–1894) was a pioneer Swedish Baptist pastor, along with his younger brothers Gustaf Palmquist and Per Palmqvist. He was known as the father of the läsare (Reader) movement in Närke province, Sweden.

Läsare
Läsare (lit. 'reader') or the Reader movement was a Swedish Pietistic Christian revival movement of people who stressed the importance of reading (läseri), that is, reading the Bible and other Christian literature. It was influenced by both the Herrnhuters (Moravian Church) and the Methodists and has been described by scholar George M. Stephenson as a "second religious reformation in Sweden".
Green Cross (chemical warfare)
Green Cross (Grünkreuz) is a German World War I chemical warfare pulmonary agent consisting of chloropicrin (PS, Aquinite, Klop), phosgene (CG, Collongite) and/or trichloromethyl chloroformate (diphosgene, Surpalite, Perstoff).

Green Cross is also a generic World War I German marking for artillery shells with pulmonary agents (chemical payload affecting the lungs). The tip of the projectile with the fuse end painted green and a green cross at the bottom of the cartridge.

Other Green Cross mixtures were based on phosgene and/or diphosgene.

The first use of Green Cross was on May 31 1915 in a German offensive in Ypres. The mixture was chlorine-phosgene, with 95% and 5%.

Phosgene
Phosgene is an organic chemical compound with the formula COCl2. It is a toxic, colorless gas; in low concentrations, its musty odor resembles that of freshly cut hay or grass. It can be thought of chemically as the double acyl chloride analog of carbonic acid, or structurally as formaldehyde with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorine atoms. In 2013, about 75–80 % of global phosgene was consumed for isocyanates, 18% for polycarbonates and about 5% for other fine chemicals.

Phosgene is extremely poisonous and was used as a chemical weapon during World War I, where it was responsible for 85,000 deaths. It is a highly potent pulmonary irritant and quickly filled enemy trenches due to it being a heavy gas.

It is classified as a Schedule 3 substance under the Chemical Weapons Convention. In addition to its industrial production, small amounts occur from the breakdown and the combustion of organochlorine compounds, such as chloroform.
Shareasale
ShareASale was an affiliate marketing network based in the River North neighborhood in Chicago, IL USA.  ShareASale serviced two customer sets in affiliate marketing: the affiliate, and the merchant.

Affiliates used ShareASale to find products to promote, and earn commission for referrals on those products.  Affiliates used their own website, blogs, social media, PPC campaigns, SEO campaigns, RSS and email,  as well as a number of other means.

Merchants used ShareASale to implement, track, and manage their affiliate program.

Affiliate network
An affiliate network acts as an intermediary between publishers (affiliates) and merchant affiliate programs. It allows website publishers to more easily find and participate in affiliate programs which are suitable for their website (and thus generate income from those programs), and allows websites offering affiliate programs (typically online merchants) to reach a larger audience by promoting their affiliate programs to all of the publishers participating in the affiliate network.
Lionel Curtis
Lionel George Curtis CH (1872–1955) was a British internationalist and author. He was the inspiration for the foundation of Chatham House (The Royal Institute of International Affairs) as well as the US Council On Foreign Relations at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919. He was a leading member of Round Table movement.  His writings and influence caused the evolution of the former British nations into the Commonwealth.

Order of the Companions of Honour
The Order of the Companions of Honour is an order of the Commonwealth realms. It was founded on 4 June 1917 by King George V as a reward for outstanding achievements. It was founded on the same date as the Order of the British Empire.

The order was originally intended to be conferred upon a limited number of persons for whom this special distinction seemed to be the most appropriate form of recognition, constituting an honour dissociated from either the acceptance of title or the classification of merit. It is now described as being "awarded for having a major contribution to the arts, science, medicine, or government lasting over a long period of time". The first recipients of the order were all decorated for "services in connection with the war" and were listed in The London Gazette.
2003 Wealden District Council election
An election was held on 1 May 2003 to elect members of Wealden District Council in East Sussex, England. The whole council was up for election with boundary changes since the last election in 1999 reducing the number of seats by 3. The Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.

1999 Wealden District Council election
The 1999 Wealden District Council election took place on 6 May 1999 to elect members of Wealden District Council in East Sussex, England. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative Party stayed in overall control of the council.
R2 (RER Vaud)
The R2 is a railway service of RER Vaud that provides hourly service between Grandson and Cully in the Swiss canton of Vaud. Swiss Federal Railways, the national railway company of Switzerland, operates the service. Prior to the December 2022 timetable change, the S5 provided a similar service between Grandson and Lausanne, continuing to Aigle. The service was previously known as the S2.

R5 (RER Vaud)
The R5 is a railway service of RER Vaud that provides hourly service between Allaman and Palézieux in the Swiss canton of Vaud. Swiss Federal Railways, the national railway company of Switzerland, operates the service. The service was previously known as the S5.
IIT Mandi
Indian Institute of Technology Mandi (IIT Mandi or IITMd) is one of the eight new Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) located in Kamand Valley, Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh, India. Established by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India in 2009, it is one of the Institutes of National Importance of India.

Indian Institutes of Technology
The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are a network of prestigious, autonomous public engineering and technology institutions in India. Established in 1950, they are under the purview of the Ministry of Education of the Government of India and are governed by the Institutes of Technology Act, 1961. The Act designates them as Institutes of National Importance and lays down their powers, duties, and governance framework as the country's premier institutions in the field of technology. There are currently 23 IITs functioning under this act. Each IIT operates autonomously and is linked to the others through a common council called the IIT Council, which oversees their administration. The Minister of Education (India) serves as the ex officio chairperson of the IIT Council.
Imanuel Lauster
Imanuel Lauster (28 January 1873 – 15 March 1948) was a German engineer and businessman, who worked for  Rudolf Diesel and drew up Diesel’s design for the first Diesel engine, Motor 250/400. He also served as the head of M.A.N.'s board of directors from 1932 to 1934.

Rudolf Diesel
Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel (English: /ˈdiːzəlˌ -səl/, German: [ˈʁuːdɔlf ˈkʀɪsti̯an kaʁl ˈdiːzl̩] ⓘ; 18 March 1858 – 29 September 1913) was a German inventor and mechanical engineer, best known for inventing the diesel engine, which burns diesel fuel; both are named after him.
Triangular tiling
In geometry, the triangular tiling or triangular tessellation is one of the three regular tilings of the Euclidean plane, and is the only such tiling where the constituent shapes are not parallelogons. Because the internal angle of the equilateral triangle is 60 degrees, six triangles at a point occupy a full 360 degrees. The triangular tiling has Schläfli symbol of {3,6}.

English mathematician John Conway called it a deltille, named from the triangular shape of the Greek letter delta (Δ). The triangular tiling can also be called a kishextille by a kis operation that adds a center point and triangles to replace the faces of a hextille.

It is one of three regular tilings of the plane. The other two are the square tiling and the hexagonal tiling.

Euclidean tilings by convex regular polygons
Euclidean plane tilings by convex regular polygons have been widely used since antiquity.  The first systematic mathematical treatment was that of Kepler in his Harmonice Mundi (Latin: The Harmony of the World, 1619).
Susan Buchan
Susan Charlotte Buchan, Baroness Tweedsmuir DStJ (née Grosvenor; 20 April 1882 – 22 March 1977) was a British writer and the wife of author John Buchan. Between 1935 and 1940 she was viceregal consort of Canada while her husband was the governor general. She was also the author of several novels, children's books, and biographies, some of which were published under the name Susan Tweedsmuir.

Viceregal consort of Canada
The viceregal consort of Canada is the spouse of the serving governor general of Canada, assisting the viceroy with ceremonial and charitable work, accompanying him or her to official state occasions, and occasionally undertaking philanthropic work of their own. As the host/hostess of the royal and viceroyal residence in Ottawa, the consort, if female, is also known as the chatelaine of Rideau Hall. This individual, who ranks third in the Canadian order of precedence, after the Canadian monarch and the governor general, is addressed as His or Her Excellency while their spouse is in office, and is made ex officio an Extraordinary Companion (French: Compagnon Extraordinaire) of the Order of Canada and a Knight or Dame of Justice of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem.

The present viceregal consort is Whit Fraser, the husband of Governor General Mary Simon, who took office on July 26, 2021.
Hayden, Stone & Co.
Hayden, Stone & Co. was a major American securities firm founded in 1892 by Charles Hayden and Galen L. Stone.  The firm was acquired by Cogan, Berlind, Weill & Levitt in 1972 and, after its name disappeared in 1979, was part of what would become Shearson/American Express in 1981.

Cogan, Berlind, Weill & Levitt
Cogan, Berlind, Weill & Levitt, originally Carter, Berlind, Potoma & Weill, was an American investment banking and brokerage firm founded in 1960 and acquired by American Express in 1981.  In its two decades as an independent firm, Cogan, Berlind, Weill & Levitt served as a vehicle for the rollup of more than a dozen brokerage and securities firms led by Sanford I. Weill that culminated in the formation of Shearson Loeb Rhoades.

Among the firms most notable partners were Sanford I. Weill, Arthur Levitt, Arthur L. Carter, Marshall Cogan, Roger Berlind, and Peter Potoma.
Atlanta sit-ins
The Atlanta sit-ins were a series of sit-ins that took place in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. Occurring during the sit-in movement of the larger civil rights movement, the sit-ins were organized by the Committee on Appeal for Human Rights, which consisted of students from the Atlanta University Center. The sit-ins were inspired by the Greensboro sit-ins, which had started a month earlier in Greensboro, North Carolina with the goal of desegregating the lunch counters in the city. The Atlanta protests lasted for almost a year before an agreement was made to desegregate the lunch counters in the city.

Sit-in
A sit-in or sit-down is a form of direct action that involves one or more people occupying an area for a protest, often to promote political, social, or economic change. The protestors gather conspicuously in a space or building, refusing to move unless their demands are met. The often clearly visible demonstrations are intended to spread awareness among the public, or disrupt the goings-on of the protested organization. Lunch counter sit-ins were a nonviolent form of protest used to oppose segregation during the 1954–1968 civil rights movement in the United States, and often provoked heckling and violence from those opposed to their message.
Polignac (card game)
Polignac (a.k.a. Jeux des Valets) is a French 18th century trick-taking card game ancestral to Hearts and  Black Maria. It is played by 3-6 players with a 32-card deck. It is sometimes played as a party game with the 52-card pack; however, it is better as a serious game for four, playing all against all. Other names  for this game include Quatre Valets and Stay Away. Knaves is a variant and it is also similar to the Austrian and German games, Slobberhannes, Eichelobern and Grasobern.

Grasobern
Grasobern, Grasoberl, Grasoberln, Graseberla, Grünobern, Lauboberl or Laubobern is a card game that was once commonly played in Old Bavaria, especially in the old counties of Bad Aibling and Rosenheim, and is still popular in eastern Bavaria, especially in Upper Palatinate. The game has relatively simple rules and thus a rather relaxing and leisurely character without the mental demands of Schafkopf or psychological stress of Watten, two other traditional Bavarian card games. The name is taken from the game's penalty card, the Ober of Leaves. The suit of Leaves is known in German variously as Laub ("leaves, foliage"), Gras ("grass") or Grün ("green").
Raza Longknife
Raza Longknife is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is usually seen in the X-Men series and various spin-offs.  He is the last known surviving member of his unnamed alien race (which chose to die en masse in one final battle against the Shi'ar empire as the culmination of their warrior culture), and a member of the Starjammers.

Shi'ar
The Shi'ar (/ʃiːˈɑːr/ SHEE-ar) are a fictional species of aliens appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Shi'ar empire (or Imperium) is a vast collection of alien species, cultures, and worlds situated close to the Skrull and Kree Empires. The Shi'ar are one of the three main extraterrestrial empires depicted in the Marvel Universe, alongside the Kree and Skrulls.
Gawler West, South Australia
Gawler West, (postcode 5118) is a suburb of the South Australian town of Gawler, located in the northern Adelaide metropolitan area region, 43 km north of Adelaide. It is bordered by the Gawler River and the Gawler railway line and the suburbs of Gawler South, and Evanston. During the 2000s period, part of the suburb was renamed Reid by the South Australian Geographical Names Advisory Committee, replacing the Gawler Bypass Road as the western boundary by the Gawler River on the west and north.

Gawler
Gawler, established in 1839,  is the oldest country town in the state of South Australia. It was named after the second Governor (British Vice-Regal representative) of the colony of South Australia, George Gawler. It is about  40–44 km (25–27 mi) north of the state capital, Adelaide, and is close to the major wine producing district of the Barossa Valley. Topographically, Gawler lies at the confluence of two tributaries of the Gawler River, the North and South Para rivers, where they emerge from a range of low hills.

Historically a semi-rural area, Gawler has been swept up in Adelaide's growth in recent years, and is now counted as a suburb in the Outer Metro region of the Greater Adelaide Planning Region. The town had a population of 28,562 in the 2021 Census.
DC Streetcar
The DC Streetcar is a surface streetcar network in Washington, D.C., that runs a single 2.2-mile (3.5 km) line in mixed traffic along H Street and Benning Road in the city's Northeast quadrant. Opened in 2016, it is slated to close in March 2026.

The streetcars are the first to run in the District of Columbia since 1962, when a previous streetcar system was dismantled. In 2009, the city government began laying track for two lines in Anacostia and Benning along routes chosen to revitalize blighted commercial corridors. The Anacostia line never opened; operation began on the H Street/Benning Road Line on February 27, 2016. In 2024, it handled 836,438 riders. The system is owned by the District of Columbia Department of Transportation (DDOT) and managed and operated by RATP Dev USA, the US arm of RATP Dev, a French transportation company.

In 2025, DC Mayor Muriel Bowser announced that the streetcars would shut down March 2026 and be replaced by a trolleybus line by 2027.

H Street (Washington, D.C.)
H Street is a set of east–west streets in several of the quadrants of Washington, D.C. It is also used as an alternate name for the Near Northeast neighborhood, as H Street NW/NE is the neighborhood's main commercial strip.
Basset-class trawler
The Basset class of Admiralty trawlers was a class of trawlers built for the British Royal Navy prior to the outbreak of Second World War. The vessels were intended for use as minesweepers and for anti-submarine warfare, and the design was based on commercial types, adapted for naval use. The purpose of the order was to make use of specialist mercantile shipyards to provide vessels for war use by adapting commercial designs to Admiralty specifications. Orders were placed at shipyards in Britain, Canada and India for the Royal Navy, the Royal Canadian Navy and the Royal Indian Navy.

Trawlers of the Royal Navy
Naval trawlers were purpose-built or requisitioned and operated by the Royal Navy (RN), mainly during World Wars I and II. Vessels built to Admiralty specifications for RN use were known as Admiralty trawlers. All trawlers operated by the RN, regardless of origin, were typically given the prefix HMT, for "His Majesty's Trawler".
David Andahl
David Dean Andahl (October 30, 1964 – October 5, 2020) was an American politician, rancher, land developer and driver. In the 2020 election, Andahl defeated longtime incumbent Jeff Delzer in the Republican primary for a seat in the North Dakota House of Representatives, but died a month before the November general election due to complications from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in North Dakota, at age 55. Andahl remained on the ballot and was elected posthumously.

Jeff Delzer
Jeffrey W. Delzer  is an American politician in the state of North Dakota. He is a member of the North Dakota House of Representatives, representing the 8th district. A Republican, he was first elected in 1992. He is an alumnus of Dawson Community College and a farmer. He was Speaker of the North Dakota House of Representatives from 2007 to 2009.