hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1994–95 Swiss Cup
The 1993–94  Swiss Cup was the 70th season of Switzerland's football cup competition organised annually by the Swiss Football Association. The competition began on 13 August with the first games of Round 1 and ended on 5 June 1995 with the Final held at Wankdorf in Bern. The cup winners earned a place in the qualifying round of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup.

Wankdorf Stadium
Wankdorf Stadium (German: Wankdorfstadion, pronounced [ˈvaŋkdɔʁfˌʃtaːdi̯ɔn] ⓘ) was a football stadium in Bern, Switzerland, and the home of Swiss club BSC Young Boys. Built in 1925, it hosted the finals of the 1954 FIFA World Cup, the 1960–61 European Cup, and the 1988–89 European Cup Winners' Cup.

The stadium was demolished in 2001, and replaced in 2005 by the Stadion Wankdorf on the same site.
Novikov self-consistency principle
The Novikov self-consistency principle, also known as the Novikov self-consistency conjecture and Larry Niven's law of conservation of history, is a principle developed by Russian physicist Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov in the mid-1980s. Novikov intended it to solve the problem of paradoxes in time travel, which is theoretically permitted in certain solutions of general relativity that contain what are known as closed timelike curves. The principle asserts that if an event exists that would cause a paradox or any "change" to the past whatsoever, then the probability of that event is zero. It would thus be impossible to create time paradoxes.

Wormhole
A wormhole is a hypothetical structure that connects disparate points in spacetime. It can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate points in spacetime (i.e., different locations, different points in time, or both). Wormholes are based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations.
Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether they actually exist is unknown. Many physicists postulate that wormholes are merely projections of a fourth spatial dimension, analogous to how a two-dimensional (2D) being could experience only part of a three-dimensional (3D) object.

In 1995, Matt Visser suggested there may be many wormholes in the universe if cosmic strings with negative mass were generated in the early universe. Some physicists, such as Kip Thorne, have suggested how to create wormholes artificially.
319 Leona
319 Leona (provisional designation A920 HE) is a dark, carbonaceous asteroid in the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 8 October 1891, by French astronomer Auguste Charlois at Nice Observatory in France. On 12 December 2023, Leona passed in front of the bright star Betelgeuse and occulted it, which caused the star to briefly dim as seen from Central America, Europe, and east Asia. This occultation was expected to reveal the shape of Leona and the surface of Betelgeuse in high detail.

C-type asteroid
C-type (carbonaceous /ˌkɑːrbəˈneɪʃəs/) asteroids are the most common variety, forming around 75% of known asteroids. They are volatile-rich and distinguished by a very low albedo because their composition includes a large amount of carbon, in addition to rocks and minerals. They have an average density of about 1.7 g/cm3.

They lie most often at the outer edge of the asteroid belt, 3.5 au (520 million km; 330 million mi) from the Sun, where 80% of the asteroids are of this type, whereas only 40% of asteroids at 2 au (300 million km; 190 million mi) from the Sun are C-type. The proportion of C-types may actually be greater than this, since C-types are much darker (and hence less detectable) than most other asteroid types, except for D-types and others that lie mostly at the extreme outer edge of the asteroid belt.
Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard and Shin
Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard and Shin is a category of Scheduled Tribes under the Indian constitution.

The category contains tribes who speak Dardic languages. In the Indian-administered Kashmir region, these tribes are mostly found in the Kargil and Baramulla districts and few of them are found in Leh. They are predominantly Muslim and a few are Buddhists and Hindus.

In the Census of India, the demographic numbers of the "Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard, and Shin" Tribes are added together. Dards is the collective name for this group. Following are the Tribes under the category:

In Baramullah 
Dards of Baramulla, they are known as Shina people.

In Ladakh
The Dards of Drass valley. They are known as Shina people.
Brokpa, the Dards of Dha hanu region, they are known as Minaro people.

Baramulla district
Baramulla district (or Varmul, in Kashmiri) is one of the 20 districts in the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) in the disputed Kashmir region. Baramulla town is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district covered an area of 4,588 km2 (1,771 sq mi) in 2001, but it was reduced to 4,243 km2 (1,638 sq mi) at the time of 2011 census.  In 2016, the district administration said that the area was 4,190 km2 (1,620 sq mi). Muslims constitute about 98% of the population.
Action in Tarrafal Bay
The Action in Tarrafal Bay (or Tarafal Bay: 383 ) was a naval engagement which took place during the Battle of the Atlantic in the Second World War. It was notable in that the four vessels involved were all submarines. The Naval Intelligence Division had solved a message intercepted from U-boat U-111 that was returning to France, concerning a rendezvous with U-67 and U-68 in the Bay of Tarrafal on the island of Santo Antão. The Admiralty dispatched HMS Clyde to destroy the German U-boats.

Tarrafal de Monte Trigo
Tarrafal de Monte Trigo is a settlement in the southwestern part of the island of Santo Antão, Cape Verde. In 2010 its population was 841. It is situated on the coast, 27 km west of the island capital Porto Novo. The settlement was mentioned as Terrafal in the 1747 map by Jacques-Nicolas Bellin.
Charles Stuart (British Army officer, born 1753)
Lieutenant-General Sir Charles Stuart KB (January 1753 – 25 May 1801) was a British Army officer and politician. There is a famous painting in the Tate Gallery, London, of him aged 10 stealing eggs and chicks from a bird's nest.

John Stuart, 1st Marquess of Bute
John Stuart, 1st Marquess of Bute PC, FRS (30 June 1744 – 16 November 1814), styled Lord Mount Stuart until 1792 and known as the Earl of Bute between 1792 and 1794, was a British nobleman, coalfield owner, diplomat and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1766 to 1776.
William Rufus Rogers Stowell
William Rufus Rogers Stowell (September 23, 1822 – May 30, 1901) was a Mormon pioneer and early member of the Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints) established by Joseph Smith. Stowell was instrumental in establishing many settlements along the main Pioneer route between Nauvoo and Salt Lake City from 1846 to 1850, entering the Great Salt Lake Valley in 1850. After his arrival, Stowell also assisted in establishing many settlements in Utah including Fillmore, Ogden and Provo. Stowell's life is also notable for his role in the Utah War (1857-58), where he served as a lieutenant. The reports he gave to U.S. commanders during his capture likely delayed the overall conflict, buying the time needed to negotiate and reduce tensions on both sides.

Porter Rockwell
Orrin Porter Rockwell (June 28, 1813 or June 25, 1815 – June 9, 1878) was a figure of the Wild West period of American history. A lawman in the Utah Territory, he was nicknamed Old Port, The Destroying Angel of Mormondom and Modern-day Samson.

Rockwell served as a bodyguard, and was a personal friend, of Latter Day Saint movement founder Joseph Smith. After Smith's death in 1844, Rockwell became a bodyguard of his successor, Brigham Young, and traveled with him and members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) to the Salt Lake Valley in the present-day U.S. state of Utah.
Inside the Red Brick Wall
"Inside the Red Brick Wall" (Chinese: 理大圍城) is an 88-minute Hong Kong documentary that chronicles the large-scale clashes between police and protesters at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom campus in November 2019 during the anti-extradition bill movement. The documentary won the "Best Editing Award" at the International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam (IDFA) and the "Best Film Award" from the Hong Kong Film Critics Society. It was also selected as the opening film for the 12th Taiwan International Documentary Festival (TIDF) and won the Chinese Documentary Award, along with "Taking back the Legislature".

Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award
The Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award (Chinese: 香港電影評論學會大獎) is the annual award given by the Hong Kong Film Critics Society in Hong Kong since 1994. The award is determined by votes cast in three rounds after a substantial discussion session between the members of the society. The transcript of each discussion can be found in the annual journal of Hong Kong film reviews which is published by the society every year.

The society presents the awards in an informal yet prestigious ceremony. Over the years, several venues have been used for the awards presentation, including Planet Hollywood Restaurant (closed), Hong Kong Art Centre, Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre, and Hong Kong Film Archive.
Nera White
Nera D. White (November 15, 1935 – April 13, 2016) was an American basketball player.  White played in the AAU national tournaments for the Nashville Business College team while completing her education at George Peabody College for Teachers, which did not field a team. Later, she led the United States national women's basketball team to their victory in the 1957 FIBA World Championship. Throughout her career, she was awarded numerous accolades, including her induction to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame and the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame.  Playing at a time when there were no major professional women's basketball leagues in the U.S., White distinguished herself, receiving many accolades as one of the greatest female players in history.  Talented in multiple sports, she also was distinguished as an All-World player by the Amateur Softball Association.

USA Softball
USA Softball (formerly the Amateur Softball Association (ASA) and ASA/USA Softball) is the national governing body for the sport of softball, including the United States national softball team. It is a member of the sport's international governing body, the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC). In addition, it oversees more than 150,000 amateur teams nationwide from its headquarters in Oklahoma City.
Hinrich Lohse
Hinrich Lohse (2 September 1896 – 25 February 1964) was a German Nazi Party official, politician and convicted war criminal. He served as the Gauleiter and Oberpräsident of Schleswig-Holstein and was an SA-Obergruppenführer in the Nazi paramilitary organization, the Sturmabteilung (SA). He is best known for his rule of the Reichskommissariat Ostland, during the Second World War. The Reichskommissariat comprised the modern-day states of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, as well as parts of Belarus, and was the scene of Holocaust-related atrocities. Lohse was sentenced to ten years in prison in 1948 but was released in 1951.

Province of Schleswig-Holstein
The Province of Schleswig-Holstein (German: Provinz Schleswig-Holstein [ˌʃleːsvɪç ˈhɔlʃtaɪn] ⓘ) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia (from 1868 to 1918) and the Free State of Prussia (from 1918 to 1946).
Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta
The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) is a decentralised militant group in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. MEND's actions – including sabotage, theft, property destruction, guerrilla warfare, and kidnapping – are part of the broader conflict in the Niger Delta and reduced Nigeria's oil production by 33% between 2006-07.

The then President Umaru Musa Yaradua administration created an amnesty program to liaise with the group to drop their alms and ammunition in 2009 and embrace government intervention in the Nigeri Delta region.

This amnesty was welcomed by the group as some of its top leaders, including Henry Okah and Ebikabowei Victor-Ben accepted the government's offer.

Umaru Musa Yar'Adua
Umaru Musa Yar'Adua GCFR (listenⓘ) (16 August 1951 – 5 May 2010) was a Nigerian politician who served as the president of Nigeria from 2007 until his death in May 2010. He won the Nigerian presidential election held on 21 April 2007, and was sworn in on 29 May 2007.

He had previously served as the governor of Katsina State from 1999 to 2007; and was a member of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). In 2009, Yar'Adua left for Saudi Arabia to receive treatment for pericarditis. He returned to Nigeria on 24 February 2010, but died on 5 May.
René Brunelle
René Joseph Napoléon Brunelle (January 22, 1920 – April 14, 2010) was a Canadian politician, who represented Cochrane North in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1958 to 1981 as a Progressive Conservative member.

Cochrane (federal electoral district)
Cochrane (also known as Cochrane North and Cochrane—Superior) was a federal electoral district in the province of Ontario, Canada. It was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 1997.
Rümlang railway station
Rümlang is a railway station in the municipality of Rümlang in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. The station lies within fare zone 121 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV) and served only by S-Bahn trains. It is located on the Oerlikon–Bülach line.

Zürcher Verkehrsverbund
The Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV), lit. 'Zurich Transport Network' is the largest public transportation network in Switzerland. It covers the canton of Zurich and adjacent areas. All modes of public transportation (rail, light rail, bus, trolleybus, lake passenger liner, funicular, an aerial tram) within a chosen number of fare zones can be used freely with a ticket that is valid for a certain amount of time (e.g., 1 hour, 24 hours) or with monthly/annual subscriptions.
John Peyton, Baron Peyton of Yeovil
John Wynne William Peyton, Baron Peyton of Yeovil, PC, FZS (13 February 1919 – 22 November 2006) was a British  Conservative politician. He was Member of Parliament for Yeovil for over 31 years, from 1951 to 1983, and an early and leading member of the Conservative Monday Club. He served as Minister of Transport (later renamed Minister of Transport Industries in the Department of the Environment) from 1970 to 1974. He was a candidate for leader of the Conservative Party in 1975, losing to Margaret Thatcher.

Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity and organization devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. It was founded in 1826. Since 1828, it has maintained London Zoo, and since 1931 Whipsnade Zoo.
Tupolev Tu-75
The Tupolev Tu-75 (Russian: Туполев Ту-75) was a military transport variant of the Tu-4 bomber, an unlicensed, reverse engineered copy of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress. The Tu-75 was similar to the Tu-70 airliner, both using a new, purpose-designed fuselage. The first Soviet military machine of this class, it was equipped with a rear fuselage loading ramp. It was not placed into production because the VVS decided it would be cheaper to modify its existing Tu-4s for the transport mission and to use its existing Lisunov Li-2 and Ilyushin Il-12 transports.

Soviet Air Forces
The Soviet Air Forces (Russian: Военно-Воздушные Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, romanized: Voenno-Vozdushnye Sily Soyuza Sovetskih Sotsialisticheskih Respublik, lit. 'Military Air Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics'; abbr. VVS SSSR; sometimes referred to as the "Red Air Force") was one of  two air forces belonging to the Soviet Union. The other was the Soviet Air Defence Forces. The Air Forces were formed from components of the Imperial Russian Air Service in 1917, and faced their greatest test during World War II. The groups were also involved in the Korean War, and dissolved along with the Soviet Union itself in 1991–92. Former Soviet Air Forces' assets were subsequently divided into several air forces of former Soviet republics, including the new Russian Air Force. The "March of the Pilots" was its marching song.
ČSD Class T 478.4
T478.4 is a class of diesel locomotives designed, manufactured and used in the former Czechoslovakia and now used in the Czech republic (ČD Class 754) and Slovak republic (ZSSK Class 754). The locomotive is based on the T478.3 locomotive series. The most important difference was an electric train heating generator instead of the steam heating generator used on T478.3. To provide additional power needed for the heating generator, the prime mover power output was increased to 1470 kW, but the maximal power at the output of the traction generator remained the same as on Class T478.3. Another important new technology used on these locomotives was an electronic control system with an electrically controlled air brake valve and an automatic speed regulator, which was able to control not only the power output, but also the air brake. Their distinctive cab design has led to the nickname "Brejlovec" ("Goggles").

České dráhy
České dráhy (lit. 'Czech Railways'), often shortened to ČD, is the major railway operator in the Czech Republic providing regional and long-distance services.

The company was established in January 1993, shortly after the dissolution of Czechoslovakia, as a successor of the Czechoslovak State Railways. It is a member of the International Railway Union (UIC Country Code for the Czech Republic is 54), the Community of European Railway and Infrastructure Companies, and the Organization for Cooperation of Railways. With twenty-four thousand employees, ČD Group is the fifth largest Czech company by the number of employees.
Lipid-based nanoparticle
Lipid-based nanoparticles are very small spherical particles composed of lipids.  They are a novel pharmaceutical drug delivery system (part of nanoparticle drug delivery), and a novel pharmaceutical formulation.  There are many subclasses of lipid-based nanoparticles such as: lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs).

Sometimes the term "LNP" describes all lipid-based nanoparticles. In specific applications, LNPs describe a specific type of lipid-based nanoparticle, such as the LNPs used for the mRNA vaccine.

Using LNPs for drug delivery was first approved in 2018 for the siRNA drug Onpattro. LNPs became more widely known late in 2020, as some COVID-19 vaccines that use RNA vaccine technology coat the fragile mRNA strands with PEGylated lipid nanoparticles as their delivery vehicle (including both the Moderna and the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines).

Small interfering RNA
Small interfering RNA (siRNA), sometimes known as short interfering RNA or silencing RNA, is a class of double-stranded non-coding RNA molecules, typically 20–24 base pairs in length, similar to microRNA (miRNA), and operating within the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. It interferes with the expression of specific genes with complementary nucleotide sequences by degrading messenger RNA (mRNA) after transcription, preventing translation. It was discovered in 1998 by Andrew Fire at the Carnegie Institution for Science in Washington, D.C. and Craig Mello at the University of Massachusetts in Worcester.
Prasanna (theatre director)
Prasanna (born 10 February 1951), is a major Indian theatre director and playwright from Karnataka. He is one of the pioneers of modern Kannada theatre. He graduated from the National School of Drama (NSD). He founded Samudaya and gave a creative direction to Kannada theatre in the 1970s with other activists. Prasanna lives in Heggodu in Karnataka. He is known for his organisational skills and new ideas and innovations in theatre. He is a Sangeet Natak Akademi Awardee. He has directed plays for National School of Drama (Repertory Company, NSD), Ninasam, Rangamandal-Bhopal, Rangayana and worked with many theatre organizations of India. He elected as National President of Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA).

B. V. Karanth
Babukodi Venkataramana Karanth (19 September 1929 – 1 September 2002) widely known as B. V. Karanth was an Indian film director, playwright, actor, screenwriter, composer, and dramatist known for his works in the Kannada theatre, Kannada cinema, and Hindi cinema. One of the pioneers of the Parallel Cinema, Karanth was an alumnus of the National School of Drama (1962) and later, its director. He received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (1976), six National Film Awards, and the civilian honor Padma Shri for his contributions towards the field of art.
Shipwreck Rapids
Shipwreck Rapids is a river rapids ride currently operating at SeaWorld San Diego in San Diego, California. This attraction is located in the Shipwreck Island area of the park, which is themed as a South Pacific island where many ships and their crews have been marooned. The four stranded ships are the Implausible, RMS Royal Star, Wholly Mackerel, and Dream Boat II.

The other main part of the area is a restaurant named the Shipwreck Reef Cafe. Every so often a ship's horn can be heard, followed by a SOS signal in Morse code.

The ride has guests board yellow and white circular rafts, each with a max capacity of 9, via a rotating platform station.

SeaWorld San Diego
SeaWorld San Diego is a theme park in Mission Bay Park in San Diego, California. It is a marine mammal park, oceanarium, public aquarium, and marine animal rehabilitation center. It opened in 1964 as the first theme park in the SeaWorld chain. Both the park and the chain are owned and operated by United Parks & Resorts.

SeaWorld San Diego is a member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). Adjacent to the property is the Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute, which conducts marine biology research and provides educational and outreach programs on marine issues to the general public.
Bertie Beetle
Bertie Beetle is a small chocolate bar manufactured by Nestlé. It consists of a chocolate coated bar containing small pieces of honeycomb that is shaped like an anthropomorphised beetle. It was originally created as a way to use up honeycomb left over from the production of Violet Crumble bars. Originally manufactured in Australia, today they are manufactured in a factory in New Zealand.

For many years, Bertie Beetles were generally only available to the public in showbags sold at Australian agricultural shows.

Agricultural show
An agricultural show, county show or farm show is a public event exhibiting the equipment, animals, sports and recreation associated with agriculture and animal husbandry. The largest comprise a livestock show (a judged event or display in which breeding stock is exhibited), a trade fair, competitions, and entertainment. The work and practices of farmers, animal fanciers, cowboys, and zoologists may be displayed. The terms agricultural show and livestock show are synonymous with the North American terms county fair and state fair, and the UK county show.

Agricultural shows tend to be important events for sharing different agricultural practices or techniques, learning about new technologies or celebrating achievements by producers through competitions.
Heroes of the Golden Mask
Heroes of the Golden Mask is a 2023 Canadian animated film directed by Sean O'Reilly. It features the voices of Patton Oswalt, Byron Mann, Ron Perlman, Osric Chau and Christopher Plummer in his final film role before his death in 2021.

Sean O'Reilly
Sean Patrick O’Reilly is a Canadian writer, director, producer and voice actor. He is the owner and operator of Arcana Studio, a comic book company and animation studio located in British Columbia, Canada. He is considered to be one of the most prolific independent comic book writers in Canada, with his works having been published in eleven countries and in numerous different languages.