hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Litter (zoology)
A litter is the live birth of multiple offspring at one time in animals from the same mother and usually from one set of parents, particularly from three to eight offspring. The word is most often used for the offspring of mammals, but can be used for any animal that gives birth to multiple young. In comparison, a group of eggs and the offspring that hatch from them are frequently called a clutch, while young birds are often called a brood. Animals from the same litter are referred to as littermates.

Clutch (eggs)
A clutch of eggs is the group of eggs produced by birds, amphibians, or reptiles, often at a single time, particularly those laid in a nest.

In birds, destruction of a clutch by predators (or removal by humans, for example the California condor breeding program) results in double-clutching. The technique is used to double the production of a species' eggs, in the California condor case, specifically to increase population size.
Stroke (composition)
Stroke is an orchestral composition by the American composer Joan Tower. The work was commissioned by the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra and is dedicated to the composer's brother, who suffered from a debilitating stroke in 2008. It was first performed in Pittsburgh on May 13, 2011, by the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra under the conductor Manfred Honeck.

Joan Tower
Joan Tower (born September 6, 1938)  is a Grammy-winning contemporary American composer, concert pianist, and conductor. Her work has been performed worldwide. Since gaining recognition for her first orchestral composition, Sequoia (1981), a tone poem that structurally depicts a giant tree from trunk to needles, she has written a variety of instrumental works, including Fanfare for the Uncommon Woman—something of a response to Aaron Copland's Fanfare for the Common Man—the Island Prelude, five string quartets, and an assortment of other tone poems. Tower was the pianist and a founding member of the Naumburg Award-winning Da Capo Chamber Players, which commissioned and premiered many of her early works, including her widely performed Petroushskates. The New Yorker has called her "one of the most successful woman composers of all time".
The Polk County Democrat
The Polk County Democrat was a newspaper published in Bartow, Florida, Polk County, Florida. It was a semi-weekly paper which began publication in 1931 and is the only newspaper published within Bartow. The paper endorsed the U.S. Senate campaign of Katherine Harris, a graduate of Bartow High School. The Democrat was run by members of the Frisbie family for many years. It was owned by Sun Coast Media Group. Louise Kelley Frisbie was a columnist at the paper.

Katherine Harris
Katherine Harris (born April 5, 1957) is an American politician from Florida. A Republican, she served in the Florida Senate from 1994 to 1998, as Secretary of State of Florida from 1999 to 2002, and as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida's 13th congressional district from 2003 to 2007. Harris lost her 2006 campaign for a United States Senate seat from Florida to incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Bill Nelson.

In the 2000 presidential election, she received international attention for her role as the elected Florida Secretary of State during the state's election recount, certifying George W. Bush's narrow victory (537 votes) over Al Gore and awarding him the Florida electors, which gained him the national election.
Hygrophanous
The adjective hygrophanous refers to the color change of mushroom tissue (especially the pileus surface) as it loses or absorbs water, which causes the pileipellis to become more transparent when wet and opaque when dry.

When identifying hygrophanous species, one needs to be careful when matching colors to photographs or descriptions, as color can change dramatically soon after picking.

Genera that are characterized by hygrophanous species include Agrocybe, Psathyrella, Psilocybe, Panaeolus, and Galerina.

Hygrophanous pileus of Psilocybe cyanescens

Hygrophanous pileus of Tubaria furfuracea

Grouping of Psathyrella gracilis, some displaying hygrophanous pilei.

Photo of the hygrophanous pileus of Panaeolina foenisecii

Psathyrella
Psathyrella is a large genus of about 400 species, and is similar to the genera Coprinellus, Coprinopsis, Coprinus and Panaeolus, usually with a thin cap and white or yellowish white hollow stem. The caps do not self digest as do those of Coprinellus and Coprinopsis. Some also have brown spores rather than black. These fungi are often drab-colored, difficult to identify, and all members are considered inedible or worthless (for eating) and so they are often overlooked. However they are quite common and can occur at times when there are few other mushrooms to be seen. The first report of a gilled mushroom fruiting underwater is Psathyrella aquatica.

The genus name Psathyrella is a diminutive form of Psathyra, derived from the Greek word ψαθυρος, psathuros 'friable'.  The type species of Psathyrella is Psathyrella gracilis, which is now known as Psathyrella corrugis.
Harald Hedjerson
Harald Nils Hedjerson (1 April 1913 – 13 January 1966) was a Swedish skier. He competed in the Nordic combined event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.

Hedjerson represented Djurgårdens IF. He won five Swedish championships in Nordic combined. He was also the first Swedish alpine skiing and slalom champion, winning the 1937 title for Djurgårdens IF.

His father was the 1910, and very first, Swedish nordic skiing, 30 kilometer, champion, Adolf Hedjerson (1881–1961). His son, Hans Hedjerson, born 1943, was one of the best Swedish amateur golfers during the 1960s and early 1970s and professional golfer since 1977.

Djurgårdens IF
Djurgårdens Idrottsförening, commonly known simply as Djurgårdens IF, Djurgården (IPA: [ˈjʉ̂ːrˌɡoːɖɛn]), and (especially locally) Djurgår'n (IPA: [ˈjʉ̌ː(r)ɡɔɳ]), Dif or DIF – is a Swedish sports association with several sections, located in Stockholm. Djurgårdens IF is an alliance club since 1991 and, as of 2025, it consists of 22 individual sports clubs.
Mark Wunderlich
Mark Wunderlich (/ˈwʌndərlɪk/ WUN-dər-lik; born 1968), is an American poet. He was born in Winona, Minnesota, and grew up in a rural setting near the town of Fountain City, Wisconsin.  He attended Concordia College's Institute for German Studies before transferring to the University of Wisconsin, where he studied English and German literature.  After moving to New York City he attended Columbia University, where he received an MFA (Master of Fine Arts) degree.

Wunderlich has published four collections of poetry, most recently God of Nothingness (Graywolf Press, 2021). He worked on his first book, The Anchorage, (University of Massachusetts Press, 1999) as his MFA thesis at Columbia University and finished it while living in Provincetown, Massachusetts. There he was friends with the poet Stanley Kunitz (1905–2006). A second book of poems, Voluntary Servitude, was published by Graywolf Press in 2004.

Fountain City, Wisconsin
Fountain City is a small city bordering the Mississippi River in Buffalo County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 806 at the 2020 census. Fountain City is also known for where Northwest Airlines Flight 421 crashed.
Carteret County Home
Carteret County Home is a historic poorhouse located at Beaufort, Carteret County, North Carolina. It was built in 1914, and enlarged in 1917.  It is a one-story gable-front frame structure with a two-story center section patterned after the hall and parlor plan. The Carteret County Home operated until 1943, and later converted to apartments.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Beaufort, North Carolina
Beaufort (/ˈboʊfərt/ BOH-fərt) is a town in and the county seat of Carteret County, North Carolina, United States. Founded in 1709, Established in 1713 and incorporated in 1723, Beaufort is the third oldest town in North Carolina (after Bath, New Bern). The population was 4,464 at the 2020 census.

Beaufort is located in North Carolina's "Inner Banks" region. The town is home to the North Carolina Maritime Museum, the Duke University Marine Laboratory (Nicholas School of the Environment), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research. It is also the location of the Rachel Carson Reserve, part of the N.C. Coastal Reserve and National Estuarine Research Reserve system. It is sometimes confused with a city of the same name in South Carolina; the two are distinguished by different pronunciations.
Onvo L60
The Onvo L60 (Chinese: 乐道L60; pinyin: Lèdào L60) is a battery electric mid-size crossover SUV manufactured by Nio Inc. since 2024. It is the first vehicle of its Onvo brand, which targets the mass-market instead of Nio's premium segment. The model benchmarked the Tesla Model Y, and occupies the Chinese B-class SUV category (D-segment globally).

Nio Inc.
Nio Inc. (Chinese: 蔚来; pinyin: Wèilái; stylized as NIO) is a Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Shanghai. Founded in 2014, it adopted its current name in 2016. The company designs and sells electric vehicles, including sedans and SUVs, and has expanded into smartphone development.

In 2018, Nio filed for an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange. It collaborates with the government-licensed vehicle manufacturer JAC Group to operate two production plants in Hefei, Anhui, China.

Nio operates more than 1,300 battery swapping stations in China (as of 2022). The company develops semi-autonomous and autonomous vehicle technologies and has participated in Formula E racing since 2014. In 2024, it launched the Onvo brand to serve the mass-market segment.
The Moonhunter
The Moonhunter  (Thai: 14 ตุลา สงครามประชาชน) is a 2001 Thai epic historical political thriller film directed by Bandit Ritthakol and co-written by Seksan Prasertkul. The film following the 1973 Thai popular uprising a student leader. It was Thailand's submission to the 74th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Seksan Prasertkul
Seksan Prasertkul (Thai: เสกสรรค์ ประเสริฐกุล, born 1949) is a Thai author who was awarded the title National Artist of Thailand in 2009.

Seksan became a student leader at Thammasat University and was active in the October 1973 protests against the military government of Thanom Kittikachorn.

Seksan is the author of poetry, stories, and his autobiography, was made into a 2001 movie The Moonhunter.
46th Test Group
The 46th Test Group was a United States Air Force group active from 1992 to 2012. It was last active with the 46th Test Wing at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida. The 46th Test Group was stationed as a tenant unit at Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, throughout its existence. It was disbanded on 18 July 2012, and replaced by the 96th Test Group in an administrative reorganization.

Holloman Air Force Base
Holloman Air Force Base (IATA: HMN, ICAO: KHMN, FAA LID: HMN) is a United States Air Force base established in 1942 located six miles (10 km) southwest of the central business district of Alamogordo, which is the county seat of Otero County, New Mexico, United States. The base was named in honor of Col. George V. Holloman, a pioneer in guided missile research. It is the home of the 49th Wing (49 WG) of the Air Education and Training Command (AETC).

In addition to hosting several combat wings, Holloman supports the nearby White Sands Missile Range and currently hosts the Royal Air Force RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System) Formal Training Unit (FTU) and the Italian Air Force RPA training courses. The base previously hosted the German Air Force Flying Training Center.
De bedenkers
De bedenkers was a Belgian television show aired on één that pitted inventors against each other for €25,000 in prize money and a chance to release their product into the market. The show ran two series and was presented by Bart Peeters and Sofie Van Moll. The show was financially supported in part by the Flemish government.

VRT 1
VRT 1 is a public Dutch-language TV station in Belgium, owned by the VRT, which also owns Ketnet, VRT Canvas and several radio stations. Although the channel is commercial-free, short sponsorship messages are broadcast in between some programmes.

VRT 1 focuses on drama, entertainment, news and current affairs in a similar vein to BBC One in the United Kingdom. The station was formerly known as TV1 until 21 January 2005, when the Eén (English: "one") branding was launched as part of a major station revamp, with a look created by BBC Broadcast. The channel got its current branding in 2023.

VRT 1 is the equivalent of its French-language counterpart, La Une, the first channel of the Belgian Francophone broadcaster, RTBF.
Miston, Tennessee
Miston is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Dyer County, Tennessee, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

It is in the northwest part of the county, along Tennessee State Route 103, which leads east 3 miles (5 km) to Bogota and west the same distance to Tennessee State Route 181, less than 2 miles (3 km) east of the Mississippi River. Dyersburg, the county seat, is 13 miles (21 km) southeast of Miston.

A post office operated in Miston from 1909 to 1985.

Dyer County, Tennessee
Dyer County is a county located in the westernmost part of the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,801. The county seat is Dyersburg. Dyer County comprises the Dyersburg, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Massa Fresca
Massa Fresca (lit. 'Fresh Pasta') is a Portuguese television series of the youth genre broadcast simultaneously on TVI and TVI Ficção between 25 April and 10 September 2016, starring Mafalda Marafusta and Duarte Gomes. Biggs started broadcasting the series on 12 April 2021. It returned to TVI Ficção on 3 September 2022, replacing Ana e os Sete in the weekend series slot, broadcast at 10 pm.

In 2020, Massa Fresca was also broadcast on the TVI África channel. In 2024, it was part of the TVI Internacional schedule. In the summer of 2025, it began airing in the early morning hours on TVI, with this rerun lasting until 29 October of the same year.

Since 10 September 2016, all episodes have been available on TVI Player. As of 2024, the series is available on the Portuguese Amazon Prime Video platform.

Televisão Independente
TVI (Televisão Independente – "Independent Television") is Portugal's fourth terrestrial television channel, launched in 1993. It was the most watched channel in Portugal from 2005 to 2019, and again from 2024 to 2025. It competes directly with SIC and RTP1. It is one of the two private free-to-air channels in Portugal, among the seven terrestrial free-to-air channels broadcasting from the country.
Mercedes-Benz W154
The Mercedes-Benz W154 was a Grand Prix racing car designed by Rudolf Uhlenhaut. The W154 competed in the 1938 and 1939 Grand Prix seasons and was used by Rudolf Caracciola to win the 1938 European Championship.

The W154 was created as a result of a rule change by the sports governing body AIACR, which limited supercharged engine capacities to 3000cc. Mercedes' previous car, the supercharged 5700cc W125, was therefore ineligible. The company decided that a new car based on the chassis of the W125 and designed to comply with the new regulations would be preferable to modifying the existing car.

Although using the same chassis design as the 1938 car, a different body was used for the 1939 season and the M154 engine used during 1938 was replaced by the M163. As a result of the new engine, the 1939 car is often mistakenly referred to as a Mercedes-Benz W163.

Ferrari 166 FL
The Ferrari 166 FL was a single-seat open-wheel race car, designed, developed and built by Italian manufacturer and team, Scuderia Ferrari, 1949 to 1952. Only three cars were produced. The designation 166 refers to the (rounded) displacement of a single cylinder, which corresponded to the nomenclature of the company at the time. The abbreviation FL stands for Formula Libre, which is the type of category and racing series that the car competed in. Since the car was mainly developed for racing in South America, it was also known as the 166 C America.
1986 LPGA Championship
The 1986 LPGA Championship was held May 29 to June 1 at Jack Nicklaus Golf Center at Kings Island in Mason, Ohio, a suburb northeast of Cincinnati. Played on the Grizzly Course, this was the 32nd edition of the LPGA Championship.

Entering the final round four strokes behind, Pat Bradley birdied the last hole for a 68 to win by a stroke over runner-up Patty Sheehan. It was the fifth of her six major championships, the second of three in 1986, and completed the career grand slam. With the win, Bradley became the first to surpass $2 million in earnings on the LPGA Tour.

Defending champion Nancy Lopez did not compete; she gave birth to her second daughter a few days earlier.

Pat Bradley (golfer)
Pat Bradley (born March 24, 1951) is an American professional golfer. She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1974 and won 31 tour events, including six major championships. She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Liu Wu, Prince of Chu
Liu Wu (simplified Chinese: 刘戊; traditional Chinese: 劉戊; pinyin: Liú Wù, died 154 BC) was the son of Liu Yingke, Prince Yi of Chu, and grandson of Liu Jiao, Prince Yuan of Chu. After the short reign of his father, he inherited the title Prince of Chu in 174 BC. In 155 BC, Empress Dowager Bo, grandmother of Emperor Jing, died. Liu Wu was caught drinking during the grieving period, so Emperor Jing reduced the size of his fiefdom. Wu was later convinced to join the Rebellion of the Seven States by Liu Pi despite objections from his prime minister and tutor. Liu Wu put both of them to death.

In 154 BC, he launched his campaign against the principality of Liang but was defeated by Zhou Yafu. When the remaining troops surrendered and his supplies were cut off, Wu committed suicide. His son Liu Li was allowed to succeed to the Prince of Chu title despite the rebellion. He had a granddaughter named Princess Jieyou.

Zhou Yafu
Zhou Yafu (simplified Chinese: 周亚夫; traditional Chinese: 周亞夫; pinyin: Zhōu Yàfū) (died c.143 BC) was a Chinese military general and politician of the Western Han dynasty. He is known for putting down the Rebellion of the Seven States, but was later arrested and imprisoned by Emperor Jing for treason. Zhou Yafu committed suicide by starving himself in prison.
Franco-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance
The Franco-Soviet Treaty of Mutual Assistance was a 1935 bilateral treaty between France and the Soviet Union with the aim of enveloping Nazi Germany and reduce the military threat from Central Europe. It was pursued by Maxim Litvinov, the Soviet foreign minister, and Louis Barthou, the French foreign minister, who was assassinated in October 1934, before negotiations had been finished.

His successor, Pierre Laval, was sceptical of the desirability and of the value of an alliance with the Soviet Union. However, after the declaration of German rearmament in March 1935, the French government forced the reluctant foreign minister to complete the arrangements with Moscow that Barthou had begun.

Maxim Litvinov
Maxim Maximovich Litvinov (Russian pronunciation: [mɐkˈsʲim mɐkˈsʲiməvʲɪtɕ lʲɪˈtvʲinəf]; born Meir Henoch Wallach-Finkelstein; 17 July 1876 – 31 December 1951) was a Russian revolutionary and prominent Soviet statesman and diplomat who served as People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs from 1930 to 1939.

Litvinov was an advocate for diplomatic agreements leading to disarmament, and was influential in making the Soviet Union a party to the 1928 Kellogg–Briand Pact. He was also responsible for the 1929 Litvinov Protocol, a multilateral agreement to implement the Kellogg-Briand Pact between the Soviet Union and several neighboring states.

In 1930, Litvinov was appointed People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs, the highest diplomatic position in the USSR. During the 1930s, Litvinov advocated the official Soviet policy of collective security with Western powers against Nazi Germany.
Duncan Passage
Duncan Passage is a strait in the Bay of Bengal. It is about 48 km (30 mi) wide; it separates Rutland Island (part of Great Andaman and South Andaman administrative division) to the north, and Little Andaman to the south. West of Duncan Passage is the Bay of Bengal; east is the Andaman Sea. It lies within the exclusive economic zone of India protected by the integrated tri-services Andaman and Nicobar Command of Indian Military.

It sits between The Sisters island off South Andaman Island and North Brother Island off Little Andaman with a minimum depth of 21.9 m.

Manners Strait is the branch of Duncan Passage that lies between North Cinque Island and Rutland Island.

Rutland Island
Rutland Island is an island of the Andaman Islands. It belongs to the South Andaman administrative district, part of the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The island is located 20 km (12 mi) south from Port Blair.
Lee Teng-fan's Ancient Residence
The Lee Teng-fan's Ancient Residence (traditional Chinese: 李騰芳古宅; simplified Chinese: 李腾芳古宅; pinyin: Lǐ Téngfāng Gǔzhái) is a former residence in Yuemei Village, Daxi District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. The residence is part of Daxi Wood Art Ecomuseum.

Daxi Wood Art Ecomuseum
The Daxi Wood Art Ecomuseum (traditional Chinese: 大溪木藝生態博物館; simplified Chinese: 大溪木艺生态博物馆; pinyin: Dàxī Mùyì Shēngtài Bówùguǎn) is a museum complex in Daxi District, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. The idea of ecomuseum is based on Scandinavian concept which emphasizes the integration between local communities and the preservation of cultural assets.
Nobody Walks
Nobody Walks is a 2012 American independent drama film directed by Ry Russo-Young. The film premiered in Competition at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and won a special Jury Prize.

The film stars John Krasinski, Olivia Thirlby, Rosemarie DeWitt, India Ennenga, Jane Levy and Justin Kirk, and was co-written by Russo-Young and Lena Dunham.

Magnolia Pictures released the film on VOD September 6, 2012 and in theaters October 12, 2012.

Olivia Thirlby
Olivia Jo Thirlby (born October 6, 1986) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Leah in the comedy-drama film Juno (2007), as Natalie in The Darkest Hour (2011) and as Judge Cassandra Anderson in Dredd (2012). In 2023, Thirlby portrayed Lilli Hornig in Christopher Nolan's biographical film Oppenheimer.
Vanessa Cootes
Vanessa Cootes (born 26 July 1969) is a former New Zealand rugby union player. She played for New Zealand at an international level and for Waikato provincially. She was a member of the Black Ferns 1998 and 2002 Rugby World Cup Champion squads.

Waikato Rugby Union
The Waikato Rugby Union (WRU) is the official governing body of rugby union in the Waikato area in the North Island of New Zealand. Headquartered in Hamilton, WRU was founded in 1921.

Its senior representative team, nicknamed the Mooloos, competes in the Mitre 10 Cup (formerly known as the ITM Cup and Air New Zealand Cup), and won the inaugural Air New Zealand Cup in 2006. The squad plays its home fixtures at the Waikato Stadium in Hamilton. The union's colours are red, yellow and black.