hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ted Roach
Edward Charles Roach (1909–1997), was an Australian trade unionist, long-time leader of the Waterside Workers' Federation (WWF) and prominent member of the Communist Party of Australia. He was a key organiser of the 1938 Dalfram dispute, when dock workers, concerned with the occupation of China, refused to load ships destined for Japan with Australian pig-iron, a raw material for munitions.  He was twice imprisoned for his industrial activity.  As a leader in the WWF during the introduction of containerisation, he was responsible for winning significant improvements in working conditions for those in the Australian stevedoring industry.

1938 Dalfram dispute
The Dalfram dispute of 1938 (15 November 1938 – 21 January 1939) was a political industrial dispute at Port Kembla, New South Wales, Australia protesting the export of pig iron from Australia to Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War. It became famous for providing the nickname of Pig Iron Bob to Attorney General Robert Menzies, later Prime Minister.
Mikołaj Sienicki
Mikołaj Sienicki of Bończa (c. 1521-1582) was a member of the nobility of the Kingdom of Poland. He held the office of chamberlain of the land of Chełm and was a notable politician of his period. Considered a skilled Polish political orator, he also held the title of marshal of the Sejm nine times. A Protestant, near the end of his life he became a member of the Polish Brethren and one of the major initiators of, and contributors to the Warsaw Confederation, which introduced new laws of religious tolerance in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, on a scale unimaginable in contemporary Europe.

Offices in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
This article discusses the organizational and administrative structure of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a confederative mixed monarchy of the period 1569–1795, comprising the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and their fiefs. The Commonwealth was governed by the Parliament (Sejm) consisting of the King, the King-appointed Senate (Voivodes, Castellans, Ministers, Bishops) and the rest of hereditary nobility either in person or through the Sejm proper (consisting of deputies representing their lands). The nobility's constitutional domination of the state made the King very weak and the commoners (burgesses and peasants) almost entirely unrepresented in the Commonwealth's political system.
Vance Joseph
Vance Desmond Joseph (born September 20, 1972) is an American professional football coach and former player who is the defensive coordinator for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Colorado Buffaloes as a quarterback and running back in the 1990s, and was signed by the New York Jets as an undrafted free agent in 1995, playing cornerback for them and then the Indianapolis Colts in 1996. After spending 12 years as a defensive coach in the NFL with the San Francisco 49ers, Houston Texans, Cincinnati Bengals, and Miami Dolphins, Joseph was hired by the Broncos to be their head coach in 2017 before getting fired after the 2018 season. After his first tenure with the Broncos, Joseph served as defensive coordinator for the Arizona Cardinals from 2019 to 2022, before being hired by the Broncos as defensive coordinator in 2023.

Colorado Buffaloes football
The Colorado Buffaloes football program represents the University of Colorado Boulder in college football at the NCAA Division I FBS level, and is a member of the Big 12 Conference.

The team was a charter member of the Big 12 before leaving to join the Pac-12 Conference after the 2010 season. After 13 seasons in the Pac-12, the team returned to the Big 12 in 2024. Before joining the Big 12, they were members of the Big Eight Conference.

The team has played at Folsom Field in Boulder, Colorado since 1924. Their all-time record is 735–556–36 (.577 winning percentage) as of the 2025 season. Colorado won the 1990 National Championship that was shared by Georgia Tech. The team is 27th on the all-time win list and 40th in all-time winning percentage, along with two Heisman Trophy winners, Rashaan Salaam in 1994 and Travis Hunter in 2024.
Sleepwalking (film)
Sleepwalking is a 2008 American drama film starring Nick Stahl, AnnaSophia Robb, Charlize Theron (who also produces the film), Woody Harrelson and Dennis Hopper. It centers on the bonding of a 30-year-old man and his 12-year-old niece after she is abandoned by her mother. The girl is taken in by the state after he loses his job and apartment. The two then depart on a road trip to his father's farm, a place he and his sister never intended to go back to. Sleepwalking was an original screenplay by Zac Stanford and was the directorial debut of William Maher.

Shooting began in October 2006 in Moose Jaw and Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada under the working title Ferris Wheel. It was filmed on a 30-day shooting schedule, often under sub-zero conditions. The film featured the song "Come On, Come Out" by A Fine Frenzy. It premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 22, 2008, and was given a limited release in theaters beginning on March 14, 2008.

2008 Sundance Film Festival
The 2008 Sundance Film Festival ran from January 17, 2008 to January 27 in Park City, Utah. It was the 24th iteration of the Sundance Film Festival. The opening night film was In Bruges and the closing night film was CSNY/Déjà Vu.
Bob Weston (guitarist)
Robert Joseph Weston (1 November 1947 – c. 3 January 2012) was a British rock guitarist, who was a member of Fleetwood Mac in the early 1970s. He also recorded and performed with a number of other musicians, including Graham Bond, Long John Baldry, Murray Head, Sandy Denny, and Danny Kirwan.

Murray Head
Murray Seafield St George Head (born 5 March 1946) is an English actor and singer. Head has appeared in a number of films, including a starring role as the character Bob Elkin in the BAFTA award winning and Oscar-nominated 1971 film Sunday Bloody Sunday. As a musician, he is most recognised for his international hit songs "Superstar" (from the 1970 rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar) and "One Night in Bangkok" (the 1984 single from the musical Chess, which topped the charts in various countries). He has been involved in several projects since the 1960s and continues to record music, perform concerts, and make appearances on television either as himself or as a character actor.
Vaishali Rameshbabu
Vaishali Rameshbabu (born 21 June 2001) is an Indian chess grandmaster. She notably became a two-time champion of the FIDE Women's Grand Swiss Tournament in 2023 and 2025, securing qualification for two editions of the  Women's Candidates Tournament in 2024 and 2026 respectively. She also won the bronze medal at Women's World Blitz Chess Championship 2024.

She is the elder sister of chess grandmaster R Praggnanandhaa.

Women's Candidates Tournament 2024
The FIDE Women's Candidates Tournament 2024 was an eight-player chess tournament held to determine the challenger for the Women's World Chess Championship 2025. It was held from 3 April to 22 April 2024 in Toronto, Canada, alongside the Candidates Tournament 2024.

It was a double round-robin tournament. Tan Zhongyi won the tournament and played in the Women's World Chess Championship 2025 against the defending Women's World Chess Champion Ju Wenjun.
Aashish Govind Sharma
Aashish Govind Sharma is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is a three time elected member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 2013, 2018, and 2023, representing Vidisha Assembly constituency as a Member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
Mooga Manasulu
Mooga Manasulu (transl. Mute Hearts) is a 1964 Indian Telugu-language romantic drama film directed by Adurthi Subba Rao who co-wrote the film with Acharya Aatreya and Mullapudi Venkata Ramana. The film stars Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Savitri and Jamuna, with music composed by K. V. Mahadevan. It is based on the concept of reincarnation.

Mooga Manasulu received the Certificate of Merit at the 11th National Film Awards, and the Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu at the 12th Filmfare Awards South. It was screened at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival. The film was remade in Hindi as Milan (1967) directed by Subba Rao himself, and in Tamil as Praptham (1971) directed and produced by Savitri.

Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu
The Filmfare Award for Best Film – Telugu is an award given in India by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards South for Telugu films. The award was first given in 1964 for films released around 1963. This award goes to the producers of the film.
Claudio Huepe Minoletti
Claudio Humberto Huepe Minoletti (born 7 August 1966) is a Chilean politician who has served as the Minister of Energy since 11 March 2022.

From March to September 2022, he served as Minister of Energy under the government of Gabriel Boric.

Ministry of Energy (Chile)
The Ministry of Energy (Spanish: Ministerio de Energía) is an entity created during the late part of the first presidency of Michelle Bachelet (2006−2010) after the releasing of the N°20.402 Decrete of Law on 1 February 2010.

Since that date, the current minister was separated from the Ministry of Mining. Its current minister is Diego Pardow Lorenzo.
Matt Tripovich
Vice Admiral Matthew John Tripovich, AO, CSC (born 4 January 1956) is a retired senior officer of the Royal Australian Navy. He served as Chief Capability Development Group from 2007 until his retirement in October 2010.

Chief Capability Development Group
The Chief of Capability Development Group (CCDG) was head of the Capability Development Group (CDG) in the Australian Department of Defence, part of the Australian Defence Organisation. This position was created in December 2003 and disbanded through the amalgamation of the Capability Development Group and the Defence Materiel Organisation into the Defence Capability Acquisition and Sustainment Group from 2015.

The appointed officer was responsible to the diarchy of the Chief of the Defence Force and the Secretary of Defence.
Stříbro bridge
Stříbro bridge (Czech: most ve Stříbře) is a Renaissance stone five-arched bridge spanning across the river Mže in Stříbro, Czech Republic. The bridge has one preserved passage tower, built between 1555 and 1560 by Benedict Volch of Ferrol. It was part of the access road to the town of Stříbro from Plzeň and Prague. Today the bridge is designed for pedestrian traffic only.

It was declared a Czech cultural monument in 1958 and has been part of the Stříbro urban monument zone since 1992.

Cultural monument (Czech Republic)
The cultural monuments of the Czech Republic (Czech: kulturní památka) are protected properties (both real and movable properties) designated by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. Cultural monuments that constitute the most important part of the Czech cultural heritage may be declared national cultural monuments (Czech: národní kulturní památka) by a regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic. The government may also proclaim a territory, whose character and environment are determined by a group of immovable cultural monuments or archaeological finds, as a whole, as a monument reservation. The Ministry of Culture may proclaim a territory of a settlement with a smaller number of cultural monuments, a historical environment or part of a landscape area that displays significant cultural values as a monument zone.

As of 2019, there are 14 Czech cultural monuments on the World Heritage List.
Silicate
A silicate is any member of a family of polyatomic anions consisting of silicon and oxygen, usually with the general formula [SiO(4−2x)−4−x]n, where 0 ≤ x < 2.  The family includes orthosilicate SiO4−4 (x = 0), metasilicate SiO2−3 (x = 1), and pyrosilicate Si2O6−7 (x = 0.5, n = 2).  The name is also used for any salt of such anions, such as sodium metasilicate; or any ester containing the corresponding chemical group, such as tetramethyl orthosilicate. The name "silicate" is sometimes extended to any anions containing silicon, even if they do not fit the general formula or contain other atoms besides oxygen; such as hexafluorosilicate [SiF6]2−. Most commonly, silicates are encountered as silicate minerals.

For diverse manufacturing, technological, and artistic needs, silicates are versatile materials, both natural (such as granite, gravel, and garnet) and artificial (such as Portland cement, ceramics, glass, and waterglass).

Sodium metasilicate
Sodium metasilicate is the chemical substance with formula Na2SiO3, which is the main component of commercial sodium silicate solutions.  It is an ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na+ and the polymeric metasilicate anions [–SiO2−3–]n.  It is a colorless crystalline hygroscopic and deliquescent solid, soluble in water (giving an alkaline solution) but not in alcohols.
Itūr-Mēr
Itūr-Mēr was a Mesopotamian god worshiped in the kingdom of Mari, and after its fall in the kingdom of Ḫana, especially in Terqa. His name is structured like a theophoric name rather than a typical theonym, which lead to the proposal that he was originally a deified hero or ancestral figure. An alternative theory considers him a hypostasis of the god Mēr, though unlike him he was not a weather deity.

The worship of Itūr-Mēr is best documented in sources from the reign of king Zimri-Lim, which include information about his temple, clergy and festivals. Based on available sources, it is assumed that in addition to serving as the tutelary god of the city of Mari he was also the divine protector of oaths, and could be invoked to heal the sick or to help with solving crimes.

Theonym
A theonym (from Greek theos (Θεός), 'god', attached to onoma (ὄνομα), 'name') is a proper name of a deity.

Theonymy, the study of divine proper names, is a branch of onomastics, the study of the etymology, history, and use of proper names. Theonymy helps develop an understanding of the function and societal views of particular gods and may help understand the origins of a society's language.

Analysis of theonyms has been useful in understanding the connections of Indo-European languages and possibly their religion. In all languages, the analysis of the possible etymological origin of a theonym can serve as basis for theories of its historical origin. Metaphysical and mystical meanings are also discerned in theonyms, as in Kabbalah. Theonyms can also appear as all or part of a name for a human, animal, plant, thing or place.
Grand jury investigation of Catholic Church sexual abuse in Pennsylvania
A grand jury investigation of Catholic Church sexual abuse in Pennsylvania lasted from 2016 to 2018, and investigated the history of clerical sexual abuse in six Pennsylvania dioceses.

This investigation focused on sexual abuse by Catholic clergy in six of the eight Pennsylvania dioceses – Allentown, Scranton, Harrisburg, Pittsburgh, Greensburg, and Erie. The Archdiocese of Philadelphia and Diocese of Altoona–Johnstown were not included, as they had been the subjects of earlier investigations.

The grand jury's report, released in August 2018, was the broadest examination by a government agency in the United States of child sexual abuse in the Catholic Church. Legislative recommendations of the grand jury report were later signed into law by Pennsylvania Governor Tom Wolf on November 26, 2019.

Diocese of Scranton
The Diocese of Scranton (Latin: Dioecesis Scrantonensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in northeastern Pennsylvania in the United States. It is a suffragan see of Archdiocese of Philadelphia, established on March 3, 1868. The mother church is St. Peter's Cathedral in Scranton.
Fang Lizhi
Fang Lizhi (Chinese: 方励之; pinyin: Fāng Lìzhī; February 12, 1936 – April 6, 2012) was a Chinese astrophysicist, vice-president of the University of Science and Technology of China, and activist whose liberal ideas inspired the pro-democracy student movement of 1986–87 and, finally, the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989. Fang was considered as one of the leaders of the New Enlightenment in the 1980s. Because of his activism, he was expelled from the Chinese Communist Party in January 1987. For his work, Fang was a recipient of the Robert F Kennedy Human Rights Award in 1989, given each year. He was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980, but his position was revoked after 1989.

University of Science and Technology of China
The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) is a public university in Hefei, Anhui, China. It is owned by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and co-funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Education of China, and the Anhui Provincial Government. It is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

The university was founded in Beijing by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in September 1958. In the beginning of 1970, the university moved to Hefei during the Cultural Revolution. The university has 13 schools, 11 national research platforms, 8 science-education integration colleges, and 5 joint cooperative institutes with local governments. The university is a member of the C9 League.
Siphonochilus aethiopicus
Siphonochilus aethiopicus, commonly known as African ginger, is a species of flowering plant in the ginger family, Zingiberaceae. It is used in traditional medicine in sub-Saharan Africa, and is critically endangered due to over-harvesting.

Zingiberaceae
Zingiberaceae, the ginger family, is a family of flowering plants containing 58 genera and about 1600 described species distributed globally in the tropics and subtropics. They are aromatic perennial herbs with creeping rhizomes, sometimes tuberous. Basal leaf sheathing forms a pseudostem taller than their true stems which emerge unbranched. Flowers are typically zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical) and inflorescence is raceme. Fruit is typically a dry capsule and seeds are arillate.

Ancient fossils and phylogenetics indicate the Zingiberaceae evolved in Africa during the mid-Cretaceous period. The dispersal of these plants across Asia, the Americas, and Australia followed the expansion of tropical rain forest habitat soon after this period.
H4K16ac
H4K16ac is an epigenetic modification to the DNA packaging protein Histone H4. It is a mark that indicates the acetylation at the 16th lysine residue of the histone H4 protein.

H4K16ac is unusual in that it has both transcriptional activation AND repression activities.

The loss of H4K20me3 along with a reduction of H4K16ac is a strong indicator of cancer.

Acetylation
Salicylic acid is acetylated with acetic anhydride to form aspirin and acetic acid as a byproduct

In chemistry, acetylation  is an organic esterification reaction with acetic acid. It introduces an acetyl group into a chemical compound. Such compounds are termed acetate esters or simply acetates. Deacetylation is the opposite reaction, the removal of an acetyl group from a chemical compound.
Edale railway station
Edale railway station serves the rural village of Edale in the Derbyshire Peak District, in England. It is located 20 miles (32 km) west of Sheffield and 22 miles (35 km) east of Manchester Piccadilly. The station was opened in 1894 on the Midland Railway's Dore and Chinley line, now known as the Hope Valley Line.

Lying below Kinder Scout, the station is about 5 minutes' walk from the centre of the village, where the Pennine Way begins; the Nags Head public house is known as the official starting point.

Dore & Totley railway station
Dore & Totley railway station serves the south-western Sheffield suburbs of Dore and Totley in South Yorkshire, England; it is sited 4+3⁄4 miles (7.6 km) south of Sheffield. The station is served by the Northern Trains route between Sheffield and Manchester Piccadilly, East Midlands Railway's service from Liverpool Lime Street to Norwich, and the TransPennine Express service between Liverpool and Cleethorpes; all three run via the Hope Valley Line.
Guy Hovis
Guy Lee Hovis Jr. (September 24, 1941 – January 22, 2026) was an American singer, who, along with his former wife, Ralna English, a native of West Texas, was one of the featured acts on both the ABC and syndicated versions of The Lawrence Welk Show.

The Lawrence Welk Show
The Lawrence Welk Show is an American televised musical variety show hosted by big band leader Lawrence Welk. The series aired locally in Los Angeles for four years, from 1951 to 1955, then nationally for another 16 years on ABC from 1955 to 1971, followed by 11 years in first-run syndication from 1971 to 1982. Repeat episodes are broadcast in the United States by PBS stations. These airings incorporate an original program—usually, a color broadcast from 1965 to 1982—in its entirety. In place of the commercials, newer performance and interview clips from the original stars and/or a family member of the performers are included; these clips are occasionally updated.
Spin Boldak
Spin Boldak (Pashto: سپین بولدک) is a city in Kandahar Province of Afghanistan. It is within the jurisdiction of Spin Boldak District and has an estimated population of 123,945 people. Its current mayor is Lutfullah Latifi.

Spin Boldak sits near the Afghanistan-Pakistan border. It is linked by a highway with the city of Kandahar to the northwest, and with Chaman and Quetta in Pakistan to the southeast. The Wesh-Chaman border crossing is located in the southeast of the city. A new township is being built in Spin Boldak for the Afghans in Pakistan returning to Kandahar.

The area of Spin Boldak and Chaman is populated by ethnic Pashtuns, particularly the Noorzai and Achakzai tribes.

Afghanistan–Pakistan Friendship Gate
The Afghanistan–Pakistan Friendship Gate (Urdu: افغانستان پاکستان باب دوستی Dari: دروازه دوستی افغانستان و پاکستان Pashto: د افغانستان پاکستان د دوستۍ دروازه) is a double-arched brick gate located on the Afghanistan–Pakistan border near Spin Boldak District, Kandahar province, Afghanistan and Chaman District, Balochistan province, Pakistan. People on both sides cross the border on a daily basis through the gate. The gate also links the two provincial capitals, Kandahar and Quetta.

The gate was erected in 2003. The gate facing towards Balochistan bears the words "Proud Pakistani" and "Pakistan First".
Mossel Bay Airport
Mossel Bay Airport (IATA: MZY, ICAO: FAMO) is a small airport in the seaside town of Mossel Bay, located in the Western Cape province on the Garden Route of South Africa. It is privately licensed airport, owned by the Mossel Bay Municipality and managed by the Mossel Bay Aero Club.

Mossel Bay Local Municipality
Mossel Bay Municipality (Afrikaans: Mosselbaai Munisipaliteit; Xhosa: uMasipala wase Mossel Bayi) is a local municipality within the Garden Route District Municipality, in the Western Cape province of South Africa. As of 2022, the population was 140,075.