hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Motion chart
A motion chart is a dynamic bubble chart which allows efficient and interactive exploration and visualization of longitudinal multivariate data.  Motion charts provide mechanisms for mapping ordinal, nominal and quantitative variables onto time, 2D coordinate axes, size, colors, glyphs and appearance characteristics, which facilitate the interactive display of multidimensional and temporal data.

Bubble chart
A bubble chart is a type of chart that displays three dimensions of data. Each entity with its triplet (v1, v2, v3) of associated data is plotted as a disk that expresses two of the vi values through the disk's xy location and the third through its size. Bubble charts can facilitate the understanding of social, economical, medical, and other scientific relationships.

Bubble charts can be considered a variation of the scatter plot, in which the data points are replaced with bubbles. As the documentation for Microsoft Office explains, "You can use a bubble chart instead of a scatter chart if your data has three data series that each contain a set of values. The sizes of the bubbles are determined by the values in the third data series.".
Standard model (set theory)
In set theory, a standard model for a theory T (in the language of set theory) is a model M for T where the membership relation ∈M is the same as the membership relation ∈ of a set theoretical universe V (restricted to the domain of M). In other words, M is a substructure of V. A standard model M that satisfies the additional transitivity condition that x ∈ y ∈ M implies x ∈ M is a standard transitive model (or simply a transitive model).

Often, when one talks about a model M of set theory, it is assumed that M is a set model, i.e. the domain of M is a set in V. If the domain of M is a proper class, then M is a class model. An inner model is necessarily a class model, because inner models are required to contain all the ordinals of V.

Transitive set
In set theory, a branch of mathematics, a set  is called transitive if either of the following equivalent conditions holds:

whenever , and , then .

whenever , and  is not an urelement, then  is a subset of .

Similarly, a class  is transitive if every element of  is a subset of .
Bydgoszcz dialect
The Bydgoszcz dialect (Polish: gwara bydgoska) is an urban subdialect (gwara miejska) of the Polish language characteristic of the inhabitants of the city of Bydgoszcz (German: Bromberg). It belongs to the northern part of the Greater Poland dialect group and developed in a transitional linguistic zone, bordering dialect areas of Kuyavia to the south, Kociewie and Bory Tucholskie from the north, Chełmno-Dobrzyń from the east, and Krajna as well as Northern Greater Poland (Pałuki) from the west. The dialect is slowly losing many features and replacing them with those from Standard Polish.

Kuyavian dialect
The Kuyavian dialect (Polish: gwara kujawska) belongs to the Greater Poland dialect group and is spoken in Kuyavia. It borders the Chełmno-Dobrzyń dialect to the north, the Northern Greater Polish dialect to the west, the Eastern Greater Polish dialect to the south, the Masovian Near Mazovian dialect to the northwest and the Łęczyca dialect to the southeast.
Nematus
Nematus is a genus of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae. Some of its species, including Nematus leucotrochus, Nematus olfaciens and Nematus ribesii, eat the leaves of fruit bushes and trees, and can be serious pests.

Larvae

Nematus leucotrochus, pale-spotted gooseberry sawfly

Nematus ribesii, common gooseberry sawfly

Nematus spiraeae

Nematus septentrionalis

Adult

Nematus leucotrochus
Nematus leucotrochus is a species of sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae, known as the pale-spotted gooseberry sawfly. Widespread throughout central and northern Europe, this insect is best known as a pest of gooseberries. The larvae feed on the foliage of the plant, defoliating it. Unlike Nematus ribesii, the common gooseberry sawfly, the species has a single brood. Adults appear in early May and larvae in May and June.

Control measures include hand-picking larvae in the early stages of an attack, or spraying with a recommended insecticide.
Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg
The Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg is the central library of the Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg. As a regional library of Lower Franconia, it collects Lower Franconian literature. The Universitätsbibliothek Würzburg is maintained by the Free State of Bavaria. With 3.6 million media, it is one of the largest libraries in Bavaria.

University of Würzburg
The Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg (also referred to as the University of Würzburg, in German Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg) is a public research university in Würzburg, Germany. Founded in 1402, it is one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in Germany. The university initially had a brief run and was closed in 1415. It was reopened in 1582 on the initiative of Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn. Today, the university is named for Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn and Maximilian Joseph.

The University of Würzburg is part of the U15 group of research-intensive German universities. The university is also a member of the Coimbra Group. In the winter semester 2022/2023, 26,787 students were enrolled, of which 16,351 were women and 3,250 were first semester university students. The University is associated with 14 Nobel laureates.
Bundesautobahn 33
Bundesautobahn 33 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 33, short form Autobahn 33, abbreviated as BAB 33 or A 33) is an autobahn in Germany which connects the Bundesautobahn 30 in the north and the A 44 in the south.

Bundesautobahn 44
Bundesautobahn 44 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 44, short form Autobahn 44, abbreviated as BAB 44 or A 44) is a German Autobahn. It consists of three main sections and a few smaller sections. It begins in Aachen at the German–Belgian border (Belgian motorway A3) and ends near Kassel (Bundesautobahn 7). Before German unification it was a regional motorway. In the 1990s, it became an integral part of the German motorway system. The A 44 is a heavily-used link between the Rhine-Ruhr-Area and the new German states, especially Thuringia, and also eastern European states like Poland.
Themista of Lampsacus
Themista of Lampsacus (Greek: Θεμίστη), the wife of Leonteus, was a student of Epicurus, early in the 3rd century BC. Epicurus' school was unusual in the 3rd century, in that it welcomed women to attend, and we also hear of Leontion attending Epicurus' school around the same time. Cicero ridicules Epicurus for writing "countless volumes in praise of Themista," instead of men he deemed more worthy, such as Miltiades, Themistocles or Epaminondas. Themista and Leonteus named their son Epicurus.

At the time, Epicurus's school was seen as unusual for admitting women and slaves. Due to the scandalous nature of women being allowed to philosophize with men, the other philosopher's schools spent a bit of time attempting to discredit the school. Themista of Lampsacus, along with her contemporaries such as Leontion, were most likely called courtesans as a form of slander against the school itself, not because they were actually sex workers.

Leontion
Leontion (Latin: Leontium, Greek: Λεόντιον; fl. 300 BC) was a notable Greek Epicurean philosopher and student of Epicurus's Garden School. She is known for her authored work against Theophrastus, the head of the Aristotelian school. The manuscript she wrote has been lost over time, but it has been written about by many philosophers over the centuries, including Cicero and Pliny the Elder.
Armchair Detectives
Armchair Detectives is a British gameshow whodunnit series that debuted in 2017. The show was commissioned for BBC One Daytime and is produced by Tiger Aspect Productions (a label of Endemol Shine UK). Hosted by Susan Calman, the series is produced by Carly Brooks and Daniel Twist executive produced by Andy Brereton. The show follows in the footsteps of other similar shows, including Whodunnit? (1972–78), Cluedo (1990–93) and Sleuth 101 (2010). In November 2018, the series won a BAFTA Scotland award for Best Entertainment series.

Whodunnit? (British game show)
Whodunnit? is a British television game show that aired on ITV from 15 August 1972 to 26 June 1978. The show was devised by Jeremy Lloyd and Lance Percival and was originally aired as a pilot with Shaw Taylor as host. It then became a full show, with the first series being hosted by Edward Woodward and then Jon Pertwee took over hosting duties from the second series until the show's end.
Kok-Pash culture
The Kok-Pash culture (3rd to 5th centuries CE) is an archaeological culture flourishing in the so-called Hunno-Sarmatian period in the Altai Mountains. The Kok-Pash monuments appeared in Altai Mountains in the second half of the 3rd century AD and coexisted with the Bulan-Koba culture.

Bulan-Koba culture
The Bulan-Koba culture (2nd century BCE to 5th century CE) is an archaeological culture in the Altai Mountains which replaced the Pazyryk culture. The time period of this culture occurs in the so-called Huno-Sarmatian period in Russian archaeology (2nd century BC to 5th century AD). The bearers of this culture lived during the time of Xiongnu Empire, Xianbei state and Rouran Khaganate. this culture was replaced by Turkic burial traditions in Altai
Sonnet 11
Sonnet 11 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. It is a procreation sonnet within the 126 sonnets of the Fair Youth sequence, a grouping of Shakespeare's sonnets addressed to an unknown young man. While the order in which the sonnets were composed is undetermined (though it is mostly agreed that they were not written in the order in which modern readers know them), Sonnet 11 was first published in a collection, the Quarto, alongside Shakespeare's other sonnets in 1609.

In the sonnet, the speaker reasons that though the young man will age his beauty will never fade so long as he passes his beauty on to a child. The speaker insists it is nature's will that someone of his beauty should procreate and make a copy of himself, going so far as to comment on the foolish effects of ignoring the necessity and inevitability of such procreation upon both the youth and mankind.

Shakespeare's sonnets
William Shakespeare (c. 23 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) wrote sonnets on a variety of themes. When discussing or referring to Shakespeare's sonnets, it is almost always a reference to the 154 sonnets that were first published all together in a quarto in 1609. However, there are six additional sonnets that Shakespeare wrote and included in the plays Romeo and Juliet, Henry V and Love's Labour's Lost. There is also a partial sonnet found in the play Edward III.
Rey del Ring (2017)
The Rey del Ring (2017) show (Spanish for "King of the Ring") was a major annual lucha libre event produced and scripted by Mexican professional wrestling promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG), and took place on May 14, 2017 in Arena Naucalpan, Naucalpan, State of Mexico, Mexico. The main event was the Eponymous IWRG Rey del Ring tournament, the fifteenth annual version of the tournament,  IWRG's version of WWE's Royal Rumble, multi-man elimination event.

In IWRG the winner of the Rey del Ring tournament also wins the IWRG Rey del Ring Championship, after the previous champion Imposible vacated the championship prior to the match. Imposible outlasted 29 other wrestlers to win the 2017 version of the tournament and the championship. The show included four additional matches.

IWRG Rey del Ring
The IWRG Rey del Ring (Spanish for "King of the Ring") refers both to an annual tournament and a professional wrestling championship promoted by the Mexican Lucha libre professional wrestling promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG). From 2002 until 2011 the IWRG Rey del Ring only referred to an annual 30-man tournament, but as of the 2011 tournament there is also a physical championship belt that is and can be defended throughout the year.

As it is a professional wrestling championship, the championship was not won not by actual competition, but by a scripted ending to a match determined by the bookers and match makers. On occasion the promotion declares a championship vacant, which means there is no champion at that point in time. This can either be due to a storyline, or real life issues such as a champion suffering an injury being unable to defend the championship, or leaving the company.
Swamps of Belarus
Swamps, marshes, mires, bogs, and fens are important parts of the natural landscape in Belarus. Vast swamplands historically covered the country, and currently there are around 2.5 million hectares of wetlands in Belarus. Notable swamp regions are Pinsk Marshes and Olmany swamps in Polesia and Yelnya Swamp in Vitebsk region.

Yelnya Swamp
Yelnya Swamp (Belarusian: Балота Ельня) is the biggest swamp complex in Belarus. The swamps cover 253.01 square kilometers and considered to be more than 9000 years old. The Landscape Reserve "Yelnya" was founded in 1968.
The Cave (song)
"The Cave" is a song by London folk rock quartet Mumford & Sons, from their debut album Sigh No More (2009). It was released in the UK as the third single from the album on 26 February 2010. It placed No. 81 in Triple J's Hottest 100 of 2009 before the single had been released. It was the second single in the US after "Little Lion Man", and had sold 1,657,000 digital copies there by September 2012. The song is accompanied by a guitar tuned to open D (with a capo on fret 2).

Little Lion Man
"Little Lion Man" is the debut single by English folk rock band Mumford & Sons. It was released as the lead single from their debut studio album, Sigh No More, on 11 August 2009 in the United Kingdom. The song had a positive commercial performance, charting in several countries and peaking within the top twenty in Australia, Belgium (Flanders), Ireland, and New Zealand.
Go! (airline)
Go! (styled as go!) was a regional brand of Arizona-based Mesa Airlines. Go! operated inter-island services within Hawaii. Its main base was Honolulu International Airport. It was a division within the Mesa Airlines subsidiary of Mesa Air Group and its flights were operated by Mesa Airlines. The airline ceased operations in Hawaii on April 1, 2014.  The company slogan was Hawaii's Low Fare Airline.

Daniel K. Inouye International Airport
Daniel K. Inouye International Airport (IATA: HNL, ICAO: PHNL, FAA LID: HNL), also known as Honolulu International Airport, is the primary airport serving the U.S. state of Hawaii. The airport is named after Honolulu native and Medal of Honor recipient Daniel Inouye (1924–2012), who represented Hawaii in the United States Senate from 1963 until his death in 2012. The airport is in the Honolulu census-designated place three miles (five kilometers) northwest of Honolulu's central business district. The airport covers 4,220 acres (1,710 hectares), more than 1% of Oahu's land.

Daniel K. Inouye Airport offers nonstop flights to many places in North America, Asia, and Oceania. The airport serves as the main hub of Hawaiian Airlines and is also a base for Aloha Air Cargo. The airport is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a large-hub primary commercial service facility.
Drug policy of Nigeria
Drug policy of Nigeria refers to the laws, regulations, and government strategies on the control, prevention, and treatment of drug use, trafficking, and production in the country. Nigeria's drug policy is shaped by both national legislation and international conventions, with enforcement and coordination mainly carried out by the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA).

National Drug Law Enforcement Agency
The National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) is a federal law enforcement agency in Nigeria under the Federal Ministry of Justice charged with eliminating the growing, processing, manufacturing, selling, exporting, and trafficking of hard drugs. The agency was established by Decree Number 48 of 1989. The NDLEA is present in international airports, seaports, and border crossings. The NDLEA also targets the leaders of narcotics and money laundering organizations.
Guanganmen incident
The Guang'anmen Incident (Japanese: 広安門事件, Hepburn: Kōanmmon Jiken), or Kuanganmen Incident, was an attack on the Japanese army by the National Revolutionary Army’s 29th Army that occurred on 26 July 1937 in the opening stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War in Beiping, now Beijing, which was the under the control of the Hebei–Chahar Political Council. It occurred following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 7 July, and the Langfang Incident of 25 July.

At the time, the Chinese army was already amassing in large numbers at Baoding and Shijiazhuang in the southern half of Hebei and at Datong in Shanxi, and had the Japanese army enclosed on all side in the Fengtai District, while on the Japanese side, newly mobilized units of the Kwantung Army and the Japanese Korean Army were in the process of reaching the area of Tianjin and Beiping. The Kuanganmen Incident was an incident that occurred while the degree of tension between the two armies was increasing.

Marco Polo Bridge incident
The Marco Polo Bridge incident, also known as the Lugou Bridge incident or the July 7 incident, was a three-day battle that began on 7 July 1937 in the district of Beijing between the 29th Army of the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China and the Imperial Japanese Army.

Since the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, there had been many small incidents along the rail line connecting Beijing with the port of Tianjin, but all had subsided. On the night of 7 July, Japanese garrison troops at Lugouqiao held an unusual manoeuvre; and, alleging that a Japanese soldier was missing, demanded entry into the City of Wanping to conduct a search. Fighting broke out while the Japanese complaint was still under negotiation. However, the missing Japanese soldier had already returned to his lines. The Marco Polo Bridge incident is generally regarded as the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Trimingham
Trimingham is a coastal village and a civil parish in the North Norfolk district of Norfolk, England. The village is 5 miles (8 km) north of North Walsham, 4 miles (6 km) east of Cromer, 20 miles (32 km) north of the city and county town of Norwich, and is on the B1159 coastal road between Cromer and Mundesley.

The villages name means 'Homestead/village of Trymma's people'.

Mundesley
Mundesley /ˈmʌn.zli/ is a coastal village and a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. The village is 20 miles (32 km) north-northeast of Norwich, 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Cromer and 6 miles (9.7 km) north-northeast of the town of North Walsham.
Walter H. Johns
Walter Hugh Johns, OC AOE (November 10, 1908 – June 7, 1985) was a Canadian academic and academic administrator.

Born near Exeter, Ontario, Johns earned a Bachelor of Arts in Classics from the University of Western Ontario in 1930 and a Ph.D. in Classics and Ancient History from Cornell University in 1934.

In 1938, Johns started teaching at the University of Alberta as a lecturer in Classics. Previously he taught at Victoria College, Cornell University and Waterloo College. From 1952 to 1957, he was Dean of Arts and Sciences. From 1957 to 1959, he was Vice-President (Academic) . He was President of the University of Alberta from 1959 to 1969.

He was the author of A History of the University of Alberta, 1908-1969.

In 1978, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada "in recognition of his contribution to education, particularly at the University of Alberta". He was appointed a member of the Alberta Order of Excellence in 1982.

Alberta Order of Excellence
The Alberta Order of Excellence is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Alberta. Instituted in 1979 when Lieutenant Governor Frank C. Lynch-Staunton granted royal assent to the Alberta Order of Excellence Act, the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Alberta residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described as the highest honour amongst all others conferred by the Canadian Crown in right of Alberta.
Kanjizaiō-in
Kanjizaiō-in (観自在王院) was a Buddhist temple located in Hiraizumi in what is now southern Iwate Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of Japan. The temple fell into ruins during the Kamakura period; however, the pond from its gardens has been restored to its original dimensions, and has been designated a nationally designated Place of Scenic Beauty in 2005. The ruins are also covered as part of the Special National Historic Site designation for neighboring Mōtsū-ji. Together with other important sites in Hiraizumi, the ruins form part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Historic Monuments and Sites of Hiraizumi.

Mōtsū-ji
Mōtsū-ji (毛越寺) is a Buddhist temple of the Tendai sect in the town of Hiraizumi in southern Iwate Prefecture, Japan, and also refers to the historic area surrounding it containing the ruins of two older temples, Enryū-ji (圓隆寺) and Kashō-ji (嘉祥寺) in a Jōdo (Pure Land) garden. The current temple was built in the 18th century and bears no relation to the ancient temple structures that once stood here. In June 2011, Mōtsū-ji was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as "Historic Monuments and Sites of Hiraizumi".
Plunge (Fever Ray album)
Plunge is the second studio album by Fever Ray, an alias of Swedish musician Karin Dreijer. It was released on 27 October 2017 through Rabid Records. It is their first album in nearly eight years, following their 2009 eponymous debut. The album was largely recorded in Dreijer's Stockholm studio in collaboration with producers Paula Temple, Deena Abdelwahed, Nídia, Tami T, Peder Mannerfelt, and Johannes Berglund.

The album was preceded by the lead single "To the Moon and Back", which was released a week before the album. It was later supported by two more singles, "Wanna Sip" and "IDK About You". The album received acclaim from music critics, who praised its directly political and sexual themes alongside deconstructed club beats and catchy electronic hooks.

Fever Ray (album)
Fever Ray is the debut solo studio album by Fever Ray, an alias of Karin Dreijer of Swedish electronic music duo the Knife. It was released on 12 January 2009 by Rabid Records. The album spawned four singles: "If I Had a Heart", "When I Grow Up", "Triangle Walks" and "Seven".