hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carcinology
Carcinology, from Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos), meaning "crab", and λόγος (lógos), meaning "study", is a branch of zoology that consists of the study of crustaceans. Crustaceans are a large traditional subphylum of arthropods classified by having a hard exoskeleton made of chitin or chitin and calcium, three body regions, and jointed, paired appendages. Crustaceans include lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, copepods, barnacles and crabs.  Most crustaceans are aquatic, but some can be terrestrial, sessile, or parasitic. Other names for carcinology are malacostracology, crustaceology, and crustalogy, and a person who studies crustaceans is a carcinologist or occasionally a malacostracologist, a crustaceologist, or a crustalogist.

The word carcinology derives from Greek καρκίνος, karkínos, "crab"; and -λογία, -logia.

Copepod
Copepods (/ˈkoʊpəpɒd/; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.
William Embry Wrather
William Embry Wrather (January 20, 1883 – November 28, 1963) was an American petroleum and economic geologist who served in various administrative roles including as the sixth director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). He was awarded the John Fritz Medal in 1954.

John Fritz Medal
The John Fritz Medal has been awarded annually since 1902 by the American Association of Engineering Societies (AAES) for "outstanding scientific or industrial achievements". The medal was created for the 80th birthday of John Fritz, who lived between 1822 and 1913.  When AAES was dissolved in 2020, the administration of the Fritz medal was transferred to the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME), and is currently coordinated by AIME member society, the Society of Mining, Metallurgy, & Exploration (SME).

The award is referred to as the "highest award in the engineering profession" by the AAES, and is further regarded by many as the "Nobel Prize in engineering".
Tyrel Reed
Tyrel Reed (born April 8, 1989) is an American former basketball player who played for University of Kansas. He is the winningest player in KU Jayhawks history, with a combined record of 132–17 record in his four seasons at the University of Kansas. Reed wrote a book, Reed All About It: Driven to be a Jayhawk, about his experience growing up in Kansas and playing with the Jayhawks. It was co-written by Tully Corcoran and published by Ascend Books.

Kansas Jayhawks
The Kansas Jayhawks, commonly referred to as simply KU or Kansas, are the athletic teams that represent the University of Kansas. KU is one of three schools in the state of Kansas that participate in NCAA Division I. The Jayhawks are also a member of the Big 12 Conference. KU athletic teams have won fifteen national championships all-time, with twelve of those being NCAA Division I championships: four in men's basketball, one in men's cross country, three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, and one in women's outdoor track and field. Kansas basketball also won two Helms Foundation National Titles in 1922 and 1923, and KU Bowling won the USBC National Title in 2004.
Chor Lau-heung (1979 TV series)
Chor Lau-heung (楚留香) is a Hong Kong wuxia television series adapted from the first three novels in the Chu Liuxiang Series by Taiwanese writer Gu Long. Adam Cheng starred as the eponymous character, Chu Liuxiang (Chor Lau-heung). The series was first broadcast on TVB on 3 September 1979. The 65 episodes long series was divided into four parts: The Legend of Wuhua (無花傳奇), The Great Desert (大沙漠), Legend of the Divine Palace (神宮傳奇), and The Final Battle (最後一戰).

Chu Liuxiang
Chu Liuxiang (楚留香) is the fictional protagonist of the wuxia novel series Chu Liuxiang Series by Gu Long. His given name "Liuxiang" literally means "lingering fragrance". Nicknamed "Daoshuai" (盜帥; "Bandit Chief") or "Xiangshuai" (香帥; "Chief Xiang"), he steals from the rich to help the poor and upholds justice in the jianghu (martial artists' community). He has been portrayed in numerous films and television series adapted from the novel series by notable actors such as Ti Lung, Adam Cheng, Michael Miu, Richie Ren, Ken Chu, and Ken Chang.
Corrado Augias
Corrado Augias OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [korˈraːdo ˈaudʒas]; born 26 January 1935) is an Italian journalist, writer and TV host. He was also a member of the European Parliament from 1994 to 1999 for the Democratic Party of the Left.

Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian: Ordine al merito della Repubblica Italiana) is the most senior Italian order of merit. It was established in 1951 by the second president of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi.

The highest-ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of science, literature, arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers.

The order effectively replaced national orders such as the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362).
Kware, Nairobi
Kware is a slum neighbourhood in Embakasi within the city of Nairobi. Located in the larger Eastlands area of Nairobi, it is approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) east of the central business district. It borders the Mukuru slums.Initially, Kware was predominantly an informal settlement but over the years part Kware and Pipeline have earned a reputation for their poor infrastructure, coupled with overcrowded flats, narrow streets, littering, as well as its poor drainage system.

Embakasi
Embakasi is a neighbourhood in the city of Nairobi. It is approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi), southeast of the central business district. Embakasi is considered part of Nairobi's Eastlands area, lying to the south-east of Nairobi County. The Embakasi proper covers other estates in Eastlands such as Donholm, Pipeline, Tena, and Makadara estates. It borders South C and contains South B and slightly more than one third of Nairobi's Industrial Area and Export Processing Zones.

Jomo Kenyatta International Airport is located in Embakasi and it was known as Embakasi Airport when it was launched in 1958.
2021 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships – Women's extreme slalom
The women's extreme slalom at the 2021 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships took place on 24 and 26 September 2021 at the Čunovo Water Sports Centre in Bratislava. It was the 4th edition of the event, after it made its debut in 2017 in Pau. 55 athletes from 24 nations competed.

The event was won by Jessica Fox of Australia, her 8th individual title in a third unique event. German Elena Apel won silver securing a third medal of the Championships along with her C1 world title and K1 silver, whilst 17 year old Evy Leibfarth won bronze, making her the youngest ever medallist in this event and securing USA's first canoe slalom medal since Michal Smolen won bronze in men's K1 in 2015.

2017 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2017 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships was the 38th edition of the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships. The event took place from 22 September to 1 October 2017 in Pau, France under the auspices of International Canoe Federation (ICF) at the Pau-Pyrénées Whitewater Stadium. Pau was also hosting the Wildwater Canoeing World Championships as part of the same event.

The Mixed C2 event returned to the world's program for the first time since 1981. The men's C2 team event was not a world championship event due to only 4 countries participating. A non-olympic event must have participants from at least 6 countries to be counted as a world championship.

A brand new medal event was the Extreme K1 which has been part of the World Cup program since 2016.
Muchland
Muchland is a medieval manor in Low Furness in the county of Cumbria in northern England.  The manor was the seat of the Lords of Aldingham, and included at its peak the villages of Bardsea, Urswick, Scales, Stainton, Sunbrick, Baycliff, Gleaston, Aldingham, Dendron, Leece and Newbiggin.  The area also features the historic remains of Gleaston Castle, Aldingham Castle, Gleaston Water Mill, the Druids' Temple at Birkrigg, plus many prehistoric remains around Urswick and Scales.

Newbiggin, Furness
Newbiggin is a village on the A5087 road, in the civil parish of Aldingham, in Furness, in the unitary authority area of Westmorland and Furness, in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. Historically in Lancashire, nearby settlements include the large town of Barrow-in-Furness, the village of Aldingham and the hamlet of Roosebeck.
Hiyangthang
Hiyangthang is a town in the Indian state of Manipur. It is best known for the Hiyangthang Lairembi Temple, a Meitei shrine dedicated to the ancient Meitei goddess Irai Leima (also known as Hiyangthang Lairembi). It is located in the Imphal West district of Manipur. The Hiyangthang village has a population of 4,778 according to the 2011 Census of India.

Irai Leima
Irai Leima (Manipuri: ꯏꯔꯥꯢ ꯂꯩꯃ) is a goddess in Sanamahism, the indigenous religion of in the northeastern Indian state of Manipur. She is the goddess and the divine female personification of water and aquatic life. She is the consort of Irai Ningthou (literally, king of water). Both are regarded as the divine spirits of water bodies. She is also considered to be in charge of diseases.
3789 Zhongguo
3789 Zhongguo, provisional designation 1928 UF, is a resonant asteroid from outermost region of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers (8.7 miles) in diameter. It was discovered in 1928 by Chinese astronomer Zhang Yuzhe at the Yerkes Observatory in Williams Bay, Wisconsin, in the United States. Originally named "China", the asteroid became lost and its name was transferred to another asteroid. After its re-discovery in 1986, it was named Zhongguo, which is the Chinese word for "China". The T/Xk-type asteroid is the namesake of the resonant Zhongguo group, located in the asteroid belt's Hecuba gap. It has a short rotation period of 3.8 hours.

T-type asteroid
T-type asteroids are rare inner-belt asteroids of unknown composition with dark, featureless and moderately red spectra, and a moderate absorption feature shortwards of 0.85 μm. No direct meteorite analog has been found to date. Thought to be anhydrous, they are considered to be related to P-types or D-types, or possibly a highly altered C-type.

Examples of T-type asteroids include 96 Aegle, 114 Kassandra, 233 Asterope, and 308 Polyxo. The infrared spectrum of the first three are similar to the mineral troilite, while 308 Polyxo is modified with hydration features.

In 2010, the asteroid 596 Scheila was impacted by a projectile. The impact changed its spectrum from T-type to D-type, likely by exposing fresh material that was not weathered.
Banshidhar Bhagat
Banshidhar Bhagat  (born 9 August 1949) is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Bhagat is a member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly from the Kaladhungi (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency) in Nainital district. Previously, he was the state president of BJP Uttarakhand unit. Also, he served as Cabinet Minister of Uttarakhand government. Bhagat was also a member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly from the Haldwani (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency) and Nainital (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)  in Nainital district.

Kaladhungi Assembly constituency
Kaladhungi is one of the 70 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Uttarakhand state in India.

It includes the Kaladhungi and Kotabagh area as well as wards 34 to 55 in the Haldwani Municipal Corporation.

It is part of Nainital district.
Oromo–Somali clashes
The Oromo–Somali clashes flared up in December 2016 following territorial disputes between Oromia region and Somali region's Government in Ethiopia. Hundreds of people were killed and more than 1.5 million people fled their homes. The conflict ended in 2018.

Somali Region
The Somali Region (Somali: Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida, Amharic: ሱማሌ ክልል, romanized: Sumalē Kilil, Arabic: المنطقة الصومالية), also known as Soomaali Galbeed (lit. 'Western Somalia') and officially the Somali Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia. It is the second largest region of Ethiopia in terms of area. The state borders the Ethiopian regions of Afar and Oromia to the west, as well as Djibouti to the north, Somaliland to the northeast, Somalia to the east and south; and Kenya to the southwest. Jijiga is the capital of the state.

The Somali regional government is composed of the executive branch, led by the President; the legislative branch, which comprises the State Council; and the judicial branch, which is led by the State Supreme Court.
Northeast Siberian coastal tundra
The Northeast Siberian coastal tundra ecoregion (WWF ID: PA1107) is an ecoregion that covers the coastal plain of the central north region of Siberia in Russia.  This coastal region borders the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea, both marginal seas of the Arctic Ocean, from the Lena River delta in the west to the Kolyma River delta in the east. There are several large river deltas in the area that support breeding grounds for 60 to 80 species of migratory birds. The region is in the Palearctic realm, and the tundra biome.  It has an area of 846,149 square kilometres (326,700 sq mi).

Kolyma (river)
The Kolyma (Russian: Колыма, IPA: [kəlɨˈma]; Yakut: Халыма, romanized: Xalıma) is a river in northeastern Siberia, whose basin covers parts of the Sakha Republic, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, and Magadan Oblast of Russia.

The Kolyma is frozen to depths of several metres for about 250 days each year, becoming free of ice only in early June, until October.
Gorasara
Gorasara is a village located in Dildarnagar Kamsar, Uttar Pradesh, India.  Gorasara village was established by Zamindar Bhikham Khan Urf Feqan khan in 1650 AD, who was the grandson of Sarkar Diwan Kutlu Khan Zamindar Jagirdar Taluka Sewarai. Kutlu Khan was a great-grandson of Narhar Khan, founder of Dildarnagar Kamsar.

According to some old records and sources in the village, Mughal minister came to this place during the rule of the Mughal emperor Shahjahan rule and witnessed that all the people living in the village had white skin, which led to its name Goresara, A village of white people, later during the British rule due to wrong pronunciation the name was changed to Gorasara.

As of the 2011 Census of India, the main population of the village lived in an area of 87.5 acres of land with 637 households.

Mania, Dildarnagar
Mania is a village in Kamsaar in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located in Seorai Tehsil in the Ghazipur district. It is situated 22 km (14 mi) from the sub-district headquarters Seorai ( 4km ) and from the district headquarters Ghazipur. Its total area is 428.68 hectares (1,059.3 acres) and a total population of 5736. Mania village was established in the early 1590 a.d. by Khizir Khan, who was a grandson of Narhar Khan.
Pass the hash
In computer security, pass the hash is a hacking technique that allows an attacker to authenticate to a remote server or service by using the underlying NTLM or LanMan hash of a user's password, instead of requiring the associated plaintext password as is normally the case. It replaces the need for stealing the plaintext password to gain access with stealing the hash.

The attack exploits an implementation weakness in the authentication protocol, where password hashes remain static from session to session until the password is next changed.

This technique can be performed against any server or service accepting LM or NTLM authentication, whether it runs on a machine with Windows, Unix, or any other operating system.

Plaintext
In cryptography, plaintext usually means unencrypted information pending input into cryptographic algorithms, usually encryption algorithms. This usually refers to data that is transmitted or stored unencrypted.
Open back rounded vowel
The open back rounded vowel, or low back rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɒ⟩. It is called Latin turned alpha being a rotated version of Latin alpha. It seems a "turned script a", being a rotated version of "script (cursive) a", which is the variant of a that lacks the extra stroke on top of a "printed a". Latin turned alpha a ⟨ɒ⟩ has its linear stroke on the left, whereas Latin alpha a ⟨ɑ⟩ (for its unrounded counterpart) has its linear stroke on the right.

Vowel
A vowel (/ˈvaʊ.əl/) is a speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, loudness, and length. They are usually voiced and are closely involved in prosodic variation such as tone, intonation and stress. The nucleus, or "center", of a syllable typically consists of a vowel sound (though this is not always the case).

The word vowel comes from the Latin word vocalis, meaning "vocal" (i.e. relating to the voice). 
In English, the word vowel is commonly used to refer both to vowel sounds and to the written symbols that represent them: ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩, and sometimes ⟨y⟩, and ⟨w⟩.
Hobnob biscuit
Hobnobs (sometimes stylized as HobNobs) is a biscuit brand owned by British company McVitie's. They are made from rolled oats and are similar to a flapjack-digestive biscuit hybrid. McVitie's launched Hobnobs in 1985 and a milk chocolate variant in 1987.
They are primarily sold in the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man and Ireland but are available in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and several European and Asian countries (e.g. Taiwan, China, and Hong Kong). In Italy they are now marketed as a variety of digestive biscuits, having previously been known as Suncrok. They were also released in Canada in November 2012, made available in Wal-Mart's British modular section in their food aisles. The McVitie's Hobnob is the third-most-popular biscuit in the UK to "dunk" into tea, with its chocolate variant sixth. In 2014 a UK survey declared the Chocolate Hobnob the nation's favourite biscuit.

Flapjack (oat bar)
A flapjack (also known as a cereal bar, oat bar or oat slice) is a baked bar, cooked in a flat oven tin and cut into squares or rectangles, made from rolled oats, fat (typically butter), brown sugar and usually golden syrup. Flapjacks are similar to granola bars.
Tennessee Volunteers men's track and field
The Tennessee Volunteers men's track and field program represents the University of Tennessee in the sport of track and field.  The indoor and outdoor programs compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).  The Vols host their home outdoor meets at the newly renovated Tom Black Track at LaPorte Stadium, located on the university's Knoxville, Tennessee campus. Their rich tradition of success features 4 national titles, 7 finishes as national runner-ups, 62 NCAA individual champions, numerous All-Americans, 25 Olympians, 43 SEC championships (a conference-leading 25 outdoor wins), and 109 combined scoring appearances in the NCAA indoor and outdoor championships. The team is led by current head coach Duane Ross who took over the program after Beth Alford-Sullivan in May 2022.

NCAA Division I Men's Indoor Track and Field Championships
The NCAA Men's Division I Indoor Track and Field Championship is an annual collegiate indoor track and field competition for men organised by the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The first edition of the championship was held in 1965, and it has been held every year since except for 2020.

Athlete's individual performances earn points for their institution and the team with the most points receives the NCAA team title in track and field. A separate NCAA Division I women's competition is also held. These two events are separate from the NCAA Men's Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships and NCAA Women's Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships held during the spring.

The current team champions are USC Trojans, who won their third title in 2025.

Arkansas have been the most successful program, with 21 team national titles.
Chimney Cottage
Chimney Cottage is a heritage building of significance located at 9-13 Waterfall Road (previously called Queens Ave), Mount Wilson in the City of Blue Mountains local government area of New South Wales postcode 2786, Australia. It was designed by Charles Jefferson and built during 1932 by the Kirk Brothers (of Mt Wilson) for the Gregson family. It is also known as The Loft and Blueberry Lodge at Chimney Cottage. The property is privately owned.

Mount Wilson, New South Wales
Mount Wilson is a village in the Blue Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia. The village is about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) east of the township of Bell, and about 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of the Sydney CBD. At the 2021 census, the village of Mount Wilson had a population of 81 people. Mount Wilson is known for its multiple large ornate gardens, walks and access to nature, and popularity as a base for canyoning.
Web Sheriff
Web Sheriff is an anti-piracy company based in the United Kingdom that provides intellectual property, copyright and privacy rights protection services. The company monitors various websites that host links to downloads of music and film. Web Sheriff has been in operation since 2000, with two offices in the UK.

The company was founded by intellectual property lawyer John Giacobbi, who acts as its managing director. Web Sheriff sends legal take-down notices to BitTorrent and other file sharing sites.  According to the Los Angeles Times, Web Sheriff is a "leading advocate of the soft sell" in the anti-piracy industry.

Copy protection
Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy prevention and copy restriction, is any measure to enforce copyright by preventing the reproduction of software, films, music, and other media.

Copy protection is most commonly found on videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, HD-DVDs, computer software discs, video game discs and cartridges, audio CDs and some VCDs. It also may be incorporated into digitally distributed versions of media and software.

Some methods of copy protection have also led to criticism because it caused inconvenience for paying consumers or secretly installed additional or unwanted software to detect copying activities on the consumer's computer.