hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Military awards and decorations
Military awards and decorations are distinctions given as a mark of honor for military heroism, meritorious or outstanding service or achievement. A decoration is often a medal consisting of a ribbon and a medallion.

Civil decorations awarded to military personnel should not be considered military decorations, although some orders of chivalry have civil and military divisions. Decorations received by police and fire brigade personnel may sometimes be considered alongside military decorations, on which they may be modelled, although they are strictly not military awards.

Military awards and decorations may take the form of medal ribbons or miniature medals, which are mounted together on a bar known as a barrette.

Medal ribbon
A medal ribbon, service ribbon or ribbon bar is a small ribbon, mounted on a small metal bar equipped with an attaching device, which is generally issued for wear in place of a medal when it is not appropriate to wear the actual medal. Each country's government has its own rules on what ribbons can be worn in what circumstances and in which order. This is usually defined in an official document and is called "the order of precedence" or "the order of wearing."  In some countries (particularly in North America and in Israel), some awards are "ribbon only," having no associated medal.
Erewhon Organic
Erewhon Organic (pronounced AIR-wahn) was an organic cereal brand, and later, a subsidiary of Post Foods. It was known for their allergy-friendly line of organic cereals sold by health food stores across North America, and for being one of the first companies to  market macrobiotic, organic whole foods in the United States. In 2019, the Erewhon Organic brand was discontinued by its parent company Post Foods, and replaced by Three Sisters Foods, which sells a similar product line of organic cereals.

"Erewhon" is derived from the 1872 satirical novel  Erewhon  by Samuel Butler. In the novel, Erewhon (an anagram of “nowhere”) is a utopia in which individuals are responsible for their own health.

Macrobiotic diet
A macrobiotic diet (or macrobiotics) is a restrictive dietary regime based on ideas about types of food drawn from Zen Buddhism. The diet tries to balance the food elements classified as yin and yang, a practice that also extends to cookware. Major principles of macrobiotic diets are to reduce animal products, eat locally grown foods that are in season, and consume meals in moderation.

There is no high-quality clinical evidence that a macrobiotic diet is helpful for people with cancer or other diseases, and it may be harmful.  Neither the American Cancer Society nor Cancer Research UK recommends adopting the diet. Deaths have been reported from malnutrition on strict macrobiotic diets.
2018 Kentucky Senate Bill 151
Senate Bill 151, also known as SB 151, is a pension bill passed on March 29, 2018, by the Kentucky Senate and the Kentucky House of Representatives. The bill includes increases for cost of living, ends the inviolable contract for new teachers hired after January 1, 2019, and requires employees hired between 2003 and 2008 to pay an additional 1 percent of their pay for health care benefits in retirement. The bill received considerable criticism, especially from teachers. On December 13, 2018, the Kentucky Supreme Court ruled that the bill was unconstitutional, preventing it from going into effect on January 1, 2019.

Kentucky House of Representatives
The Kentucky House of Representatives is the lower house of the Kentucky General Assembly. It is composed of 100 Representatives elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. Not more than two counties can be joined to form a House district, except when necessary to preserve the principle of equal representation. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. The Kentucky House of Representatives convenes at the State Capitol in Frankfort.
Satara (city)
Satara (pronunciationⓘ) (ISO: Sātārā) is a city located in the Satara District of Maharashtra state of India, near the confluence of the river Krishna and its tributary, the Venna. The city was established in the 16th century and was the seat of the Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire, Shahu I.

It is the headquarters of Satara Tehsil, as well as the Satara District. The city gets its name from the seven forts (Sat-Tara) which are around the city. The city is known as a Soldier's city as well as Pensioner's city. The city had a population of 179,147 in 2011.

Venna River
The Venna River rises in Mahabaleshwar, and is a tributary of the Krishna River in Satara district of western Maharashtra, India. It rises near Mahableshwar, a famous hill station in the Western Ghats. The Venna's confluence with the Krishna River takes place at Sangam Mahuli which is located in eastern part of Satara city. The River Krishna is one of the three largest rivers in southern India.

17°18′N 74°10′E﻿ / ﻿17.300°N 74.167°E﻿ / 17.300; 74.167
Jaff (tribe)
The Jaff tribe, (Kurdish: جاف) is one of the largest Kurdish tribal confederations. It is a dynasty that originated in the year 1114 by Zaher Beg Jaff. Other important leaders were Mohamed Pasha Jaff, Lady Adela, Osman Pasha Jaff, and Mahmud Pasha Jaff. Their ancestral home is Sherwana Castle. The Ottoman Empire bestowed on them the name Pasha, a noble title, in the 1700s. They are the biggest Kurdish tribe in the Middle East with approximately 4 million people, and they speak Babani Sorani.

Central Kurdish
Central Kurdish, also known as Sorani Kurdish, is a Kurdish language variety spoken in Iraq, mainly in Iraqi Kurdistan, as well as the Iranian provinces of Kurdistan, Kermanshah, and West Azerbaijan. Central Kurdish is one of the two official languages of Iraq, along with Arabic, and is in administrative documents simply referred to as "Kurdish".

The term Sorani, named after the Soran Emirate, refers to a variety of Central Kurdish based on the dialect spoken in Slemani. Central Kurdish is written in the Kurdo-Arabic alphabet, an adaptation of the Arabic script developed in the 1920s by Sa'ed Sidqi Kaban and Taufiq Wahby.
Xfm (file manager)
Xfm (X File Manager) is a graphical file manager for the X Window System.

The xfm file manager is written with classic Athena Widgets included with X11 distribution and it uses only the following X11 libraries:

libx11 X11 client-side library

libxmu6 X11 miscellaneous utility library

X PixMap library

X Toolkit Intrinsics library

Xaw3d (Athena) widget set

Xfm was very popular in 1990s, when it won the title of "Favorite File Manager" in the Linux Journal 1997 Readers' Choice Awards and finished 2nd in 1998.

X Window System
The X Window System (X11, or simply X) is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on Unix-like operating systems. X originated as part of Project Athena at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1984. The X protocol has been at version 11 (hence "X11") since September 1987.  The X.Org Foundation leads the X project, with the current reference implementation, X.Org Server, available as free and open-source software under the MIT License and similar permissive licenses.
British Approvals Service for Cables
British Approvals Service for Cables (commonly known as BASEC) is an independent accredited certification body headquartered in Milton Keynes, United Kingdom. Here, the organization's dedicated testing laboratory also operates which is believed to be the largest of its type in Europe. BASEC was established in 1971 and principally provides product certification services for all types of cable and wire, ancillary products and management systems within the cable industry. The organization maintains operations throughout the world including Africa, Middle East, America, Asia and Europe.

BASEC also offers process capability assessment in cable making, certification of innovative and variant cable products, and provides independent investigation, testing and advice in connection with the manufacture or use of cables, or in the event of disputes.

Process capability
The process capability is a measurable property of a process to the specification, expressed as a process capability index (e.g., Cpk or Cpm) or as a process performance index (e.g., Ppk or Ppm). The output of this measurement is often illustrated by a histogram and calculations that predict how many parts will be produced out of specification (OOS).

Two parts of process capability are:

Measure the variability of the output of a process, and

Compare that variability with a proposed specification or product tolerance
Josef Weidenholzer
Josef Weidenholzer (born 6 March 1950) is an Austrian politician who served as Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2011 until 2019. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party, part of the Party of European Socialists.

Weidenholzer is a professor of Social Policy and served as Director of the Institute for Social Policy at the Johannes Kepler University Linz. from 1998. Since 1991 he is the President of Volkshilfe Österreich and of the European NGO platform 'Solidar'.

Johannes Kepler University Linz
The Johannes Kepler University Linz (German: Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, short: JKU) is a public university in Austria. It is located in Linz, the capital of Upper Austria. It offers bachelor's, master's, diploma and doctoral degrees in business, engineering, law, science, social sciences and medicine.

Today, about 24,000 students study at the park campus in the northeast of Linz, with one out of nine students being from abroad. The university was the first in Austria to introduce an electronic student ID in 1998.

The university is the home of the Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics (RICAM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.
Claire Liu
Claire Liu (Chinese: 刘婧文; pinyin: Liú Jìngwén; born May 25, 2000) is an American professional tennis player. On 30 January 2023, she reached her career-high singles ranking of world No. 52.

Liu has won one singles title and one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour as well as six titles in singles and one doubles title on the ITF Women's Circuit.

In 2017, she was the world No. 1 in the junior rankings, after winning the Wimbledon girls' singles title, and finishing runner-up at the French Open. Liu also won a junior Grand Slam doubles title at Wimbledon with Usue Arconada in 2016.

WTA 125 tournaments
WTA 125 tournaments are an international series of professional women's tennis tournaments organized by the Women's Tennis Association since 2012.
Also called the WTA Challengers (analogous to the trademarked men's ATP Challenger Tour), the WTA 125 is the second highest level of women's competition, below the top-tier WTA Tour, and above the ITF Women's World Tennis Tour tournaments.

Players who succeed in the WTA 125 tournaments earn sufficient overall WTA ranking points to become eligible for the main draw or qualifying draw entry of WTA Tour tournaments. Results such as titles won at a WTA 125 event are separately counted from the same player's achievements at WTA Tour level tournaments. However match results from WTA 125 events are counted and added into WTA players' overall head-to-head win/loss statistics.
Joyce B. Siegel
Joyce Bernhardt Siegel (born June 28, 1933, daughter of Maurice and Ruth Bernhardt) is a Montgomery County, Maryland, community leader and activist primarily in the area of equal opportunity housing.

Siegel played a critical role in the revitalization of Maryland's Scotland community in the mid-1960s, founded and served as board member of multiple community organizations, and served as a board member of the Montgomery County Housing Opportunities Commission (HOC). She worked as a Head Start teacher, on the Sentinel newspapers staff (and created its Newspaper in the Classroom program), and on the HOC staff. She attended Smith College and Towson State College. She has a Master of Public Administration degree from the University of Southern California (USC) and a BA in American Studies from the University of Maryland, College Park. She is married to Alan R. Siegel and has three grown children, eight grandchildren, and two great grandchildren.

Montgomery County, Maryland
Montgomery County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the county's population was 1,062,061, increasing by 9.3% from 2010. The county seat is Rockville, while its most populous place is Germantown. The county is adjoined to Washington, D.C., the nation's capital, and is part of the Washington metropolitan area and the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. Most of the county's residents live in Silver Spring, Bethesda, Germantown, and the incorporated cities of Rockville and Gaithersburg.

The average household income in Montgomery County is the 20th-highest among U.S. counties as of 2020.

The county has the highest percentage (29.2%) of residents over 25 years of age who hold post-graduate degrees. Like other counties in the Washington metropolitan area, the county has several U.S. government offices, scientific research and learning centers, and business campuses.
Porgy and Bess (Glyndebourne album)
Porgy and Bess is a recording of the Glyndebourne Festival Opera version of the George Gershwin opera of the same name. The cast were accompanied by the London Philharmonic Orchestra under the direction of Simon Rattle. The recording took place in February 1988 in No.1 Studio of Abbey Road in London. It was released in 1989.

The 1993 TV adaptation  of Porgy and Bess used this recording as its soundtrack, and featured most of the original cast of the Glyndebourne production. Bruce Hubbard, who had died in 1991, did not appear, although his singing voice was heard as Jake, while Gordon Hawkins played the role onscreen. Likewise, soprano Harolyn Blackwell's voice was heard as Clara, although Paula Ingram played the role.

In the opinion of many critics, this version, along with the 1977 Houston Grand Opera recording, comes closest to the original opera as conceived by Gershwin, before the cuts made prior to the Broadway premiere.

Simon Rattle
Sir Simon Denis Rattle (born 19 January 1955) is a British conductor. He rose to international prominence during the 1980s and 1990s, while music director of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra (1980–1998). Rattle was principal conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic from 2002 to 2018, and music director of the London Symphony Orchestra from 2017 to 2023. He has been chief conductor of Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra since September 2023. Among the world's leading conductors, in a 2015 Bachtrack poll, he was ranked by music critics as one of the world's best living conductors.

Rattle is also the patron of Birmingham Schools' Symphony Orchestra, arranged during his tenure with CBSO in the mid-1990s. The Youth Orchestra is now under the auspices of charitable business Services for Education. He received the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music in 2001 at the Classic Brit Awards.
The Mission (Captain Jack album)
The Mission is Captain Jack's first album, released in 1996. It features female singer Liza da Costa. Four singles were released from the album: "Captain Jack", "Drill Instructor", "Soldier, Soldier", and "Little Boy".

Captain Jack (group)
Captain Jack is an American-German Eurodance and dance-rock project formed in Darmstadt in 1995. The project is best known for its single "Captain Jack", which reached the top 10 in many countries in Europe.
Marta Abreu
Doña Marta de los Ángeles González Abreu y Arencibia (13 November 1845 – 2 January 1909) was a Cuban philanthropist and one of the most influential figures of her time in central Cuba. She is recognized for her extensive charitable works in her hometown of Santa Clara, as well as her substantial financial contributions to the Cuban independence movement against Spanish colonial rule. Abreu is partly responsible for the creation of the Lone Star flag of the Republic of Cuba, referred to as the Narciso López flag. Being the single-largest financial supporter of the Mambises and the Mambí Army, Abreu was named the "Patroness of Cuba."

Cuban War of Independence
The Cuban War of Independence, fought from 1895 to 1898, was the last of three liberation wars that Cuba fought against Spain, the other two being the Ten Years' War (1868–1878) and the Little War (1879–1880). During the war, Spain sent 220,285 soldiers to Cuba—according to the Library of Congress, the largest army to cross the Atlantic until World War II. The final three months of the conflict escalated to become the Spanish–American War, with United States forces being deployed in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines against Spain. Historians disagree as to the extent that United States officials were motivated to intervene for humanitarian reasons but agree that yellow journalism exaggerated atrocities attributed to Spanish forces against Cuban civilians.
Jarren Horton
Jarren Horton (born December 27, 1991) is an American football coach who was the defensive coordinator for the Memphis Showboats of the United Football League (UFL). Horton previously served as the defensive coordinator and assistant head coach for the Pittsburgh Maulers of the United States Football League (USFL). He was named the USFL's Assistant Coach of the Year in 2023.

The son of Ray Horton, he played college football for the Portland State Vikings and has also served as a coach with the Vanderbilt Commodores, Cleveland Browns, Pittsburgh Steelers, Southeastern Louisiana Lions, Atlanta Legends and UConn Huskies.

United Football League (2024–present)
The United Football League (UFL) is a professional American football spring league in the United States. The league was created following the merger of the latest iterations of the XFL and United States Football League (USFL); it started play in March 2024. It comprises eight teams, five of which were members of the XFL or USFL prior to the UFL's creation, and all concentrated in the Midwest and Southern United States.
Tadija Sondermajer
Tadija R. Sondermajer (Serbian Cyrillic: Тадија Сондермајер; 19 February 1892 – 10 October 1967) was a Serbian aviator, aeronautical engineer and a pioneer of Yugoslav aviation.

During World War I Sondermajer was the only fighter plane pilot from the Kingdom of Serbia to get selected to join Les Cigognes (The Storks), the elite French Air Force unit, fighting on the Western Front, most notably against the German squadron of the Red Baron. After the war he completed a record Paris-Bombay-Paris intercontinental flight, less than a month before Lindbergh's flight from New York to Paris. In 1927 Sondermajer founded Aeroput the first civil aviation company in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Between the wars he was promoted to colonel in the Royal Yugoslav Air Force Reserve.

Sondermajer received the highest Serbian, Yugoslav and French decorations for his war service and numerous peacetime decorations such as the Order of Karađorđe, the Gold Medal for Courage, and the French Legion of Honour.

Medal for Bravery (Serbia)
The Medal for Bravery "Miloš Obilić" (Serbian: Медаља за храброст "Милош Обилић", romanized: Medalja za hrabrost "Miloš Obilić"), commonly known as the Medal of Miloš Obilić, is a state decoration awarded by the Republic of Serbia, and before that by the Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, for heroic acts.
1946 United States Senate special election in Kentucky
The 1946 United States Senate special election in Kentucky was held on November 5, 1946, to complete the unexpired term of Senator Happy Chandler, who resigned to become Commissioner of Baseball. Interim Senator William A. Stanfill did not run for the full term. Republican John Sherman Cooper defeated Democratic former U.S. Representative John Y. Brown to complete the term.

This was the first of seven consecutive elections to this seat (three special and four regular) in twenty years for which Cooper was the Republican nominee.

John Y. Brown Sr.
John Young Brown (February 1, 1900 – June 16, 1985) was an American attorney and politician. He was a state representative for six two-year terms, serving one as speaker of the Kentucky House of Representatives in 1932 and as majority floor leader in 1966, during the term of Governor Edward T. Breathitt. He was elected to one term in the U.S. House of Representatives from March 4, 1933, to January 3, 1935, to an at-large seat elected statewide on a general ticket. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination for Governor of Kentucky in 1939 and the party's unsuccessful nominee for the U.S. Senate in 1946 and 1966. He lost five Democratic primaries for the Senate, the last one in 1968.
Abashiri District, Hokkaido
Abashiri (網走郡, Abashiri-gun) is a district located in Okhotsk Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan.

As of April 2025, the district has an estimated population of 31,750 and a population density of 25.37 persons per km2 in 2004. The total area is 1,498.58 km2.

Memanbetsu Airport is located in the town of Ōzora; the airport was located in the town of Memanbetsu prior to the town's 2006 merger into the town of Ōzora.

43°44′N 144°08′E﻿ / ﻿43.73°N 144.13°E﻿ / 43.73; 144.13

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
Baffle Creek, Queensland
Baffle Creek is a rural locality in the Gladstone Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Baffle Creek had a population of 155 people.

The neighbourhood of Wartburg is within the locality (24°30′07″S 151°55′52″E﻿ / ﻿24.50194°S 151.93111°E﻿ / -24.50194; 151.93111﻿ (Wartburg, Queensland)).

Rosedale, Queensland
Rosedale is a rural town and locality split between the Gladstone Region and the Bundaberg Region in central Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Rosedale had a population of 452 people.
Penstemon buckleyi
Penstemon buckleyi, also known as Buckley's penstemon or Buckley's beardtongue, is a species of penstemon in the veronica family. It grows in southern parts of the Great Plains in the United States. It grows in sandy soils and sand dunes.

Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain". In older classifications, Plantaginaceae was the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.