hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Police, Fire and Crime Commissioner for Northamptonshire (Fire and Rescue Authority) Order 2018
The Police, Fire and Crime Commissioner for Northamptonshire (Fire and Rescue Authority) Order 2018 is a statutory instrument to transfer responsibility for the governance of the fire and rescue services in Northamptonshire from Northamptonshire County Council (NCC) to the Police and Crime Commissioner (PCC).

The proposal order was submitted by then Secretary of State, Sajid Javid in accordance with the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004 which allows a proposal if it is in the interest of economy, efficiency, effectiveness and does not have an adverse effect on public safety.

The order came into force on 1 January 2019 and the Police and Crime Commissioner is now known as the Police, Fire and Crime Commissioner (PFCC).

Northamptonshire Police, Fire and Crime Commissioner
The Northamptonshire Police, Fire and Crime Commissioner (PFCC) is the elected official charged with overseeing Northamptonshire Police and the Northamptonshire Fire and Rescue Service and ensuring both, the police and the fire service are operating efficiently and effectively within the county of Northamptonshire.

The current PFCC is Danielle Stone. A Labour and Co-operative candidate, she was elected in 2024.

The previous PFCC was Stephen Mold; he assumed office on 5 May 2016 as the Police and Crime Commissioner, before the role began to govern the fire service on 1 January 2019 and became formally known as the "Police, Fire and Crime Commissioner".
Cherangany Constituency
Cherangany Constituency (also spelled Cherangani Constituency), comprises the larger Trans Nzoia East District; otherwise known as Cherangani Sub-County, with an approximate area of 556.9 square km. It is an electoral constituency in Kenya, which was established/created for the 1988 general election.

It comprises seven county assembly wards, each electing a member of the county assembly (MCA) for the Trans-Nzoia County Assembly.

It is one of five constituencies in Trans-Nzoia County. The constituency was established for the 1988 Kenyan general election. Prior to the 1988 Kenyan general election, it was known as Kitale East Constituency, and was represented in the national assembly by Hon Masinde Muliro and earlier on by Hon Fred Gumo.

Hon Muliro was narrowly re-elected in the infamous 1988 (Public Queue Voting), despite mass rigging elsewhere. Immediately, his election was nullified and he lost the ensuing by-election to a Kalenjin newcomer Hon Kirwa.

1988 Kenyan general election
General elections were held in Kenya on 21 March 1988. At the time the county was a one-party state with the Kenya African National Union as the sole legal party. The size of the National Assembly was expanded from 158 to 188 seats prior to the elections. Although the post of President of Kenya was due to be elected at the same time as the National Assembly, Daniel arap Moi was the sole candidate and was automatically elected without a vote being held. Following the elections, a further 12 members were appointed by President Moi.
David Daughtry
David Calvert Daughtry is an American gospel musician, actor, and Assistant Minister Of Music at West Angeles Church of God in Christ, while he is an urban contemporary gospel and a traditional black gospel recording artist and singer. He started his solo music career, in 2014, with the studio album, David Daughtry, that was released by Entertainment One Music and Karew Records. The album charted on two Billboard magazine charts.

Contemporary worship
Contemporary worship is a form of Christian worship that emerged within Western evangelical Protestantism in the 20th century. It was originally confined to the charismatic movement, but is now found in a wide range of churches, including many which do not subscribe to a charismatic theology. Contemporary worship uses contemporary worship music in an informal setting. Congregational singing typically comprises a greater proportion of the service than in conventional forms of worship. Where contemporary worship is practiced in churches with a liturgical tradition, elements of the liturgy are frequently kept to a minimum. The terms historic worship, traditional worship or liturgical worship are sometimes used to describe conventional worship forms and distinguish them from contemporary worship.
Sullivan Lake (Idaho)
Sullivan Lake is a landslide-dammed mountain lake in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located at the northern end of the White Cloud Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  The lake is accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 677 from Idaho State Highway 75.

Sullivan Lake is just east of Potaman Peak and upstream of Sullivan Hot Springs.

White Cloud Mountains
The White Cloud Mountains are part of the Rocky Mountains of the western United States, located in central Idaho, southeast of Stanley in Custer County. The range is located within the Sawtooth National Recreation Area (SNRA) and partially within the Cecil D. Andrus–White Clouds Wilderness.

The White Cloud Mountains are located on National Forest land, with numerous trails in the area. Camping is permitted anywhere on the national forest land and there are no fees to access the area. Primary access to the area is via State Highway 75, the Salmon River Scenic Byway, which accompanies the main Salmon River as it descends along the range's western and northern perimeter.

The highest peak in the White Cloud Mountains, and the SNRA, is Castle Peak at 11,815 ft (3,601 m). The Sawtooth Mountains are about twenty miles (32 km) west of the White Clouds, on the west side of the river and highway, and the Boulder Mountains are directly south of the White Clouds.
Ramon Lugo III
Ramon "Ray" Lugo III is an American aerospace engineer who served as the director of NASA's Glenn Research Center. He currently serves as the director of the Florida Space Institute at the University of Central Florida. He previously served as Glenn's deputy director from 2007 to 2010.

Glenn Research Center
NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field is a NASA center within the cities of Brook Park and Cleveland between Cleveland Hopkins International Airport and the Rocky River Reservation of Cleveland Metroparks, with a subsidiary facility in Sandusky, Ohio. Its director is James A. Kenyon. Glenn Research Center is one of ten major NASA facilities, whose primary mission is to develop science and technology for use in aeronautics and space. As of May 2012, it employed about 1,650 civil servants and 1,850 support contractors on or near its site.

In 2010, the formerly on-site NASA Visitors Center moved to the Great Lakes Science Center in the North Coast Harbor area of downtown Cleveland.
Shihat Hama
Shihat Hama (Arabic: الشيحة, romanized: al-Shīḥā, also spelled Shiha or al-Shyha) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located just west of Hama. Nearby localities include Qamhana to the northeast, Khitab to the north, Kafr al-Tun to the west and Tayzin to the south. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Shihat Hama had a population of 3,985 in the 2004 census.

Hama
Hama (Arabic: حَمَاة Ḥamāh, [ħaˈmaː]) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria. It is located 213 kilometres (132 mi) north of Damascus and 46 km (29 mi) north of Homs. It is the provincial capital of the Hama Governorate, which is the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries. With a population of 996,000 (2023 census), Hama is one of the four largest cities in Syria, with Damascus, Aleppo and Homs. Hama is known for its cheese-making tradition, notably reflected in a signature local dessert Halawet el Jibn.

The city is renowned for its seventeen norias used for watering the gardens, which are claimed to date back to 1100 BC. Though historically used for irrigation, the norias are used purely for show today and currently serve no direct purpose, being used as a tourist attraction and a symbol of the city, also this city is popular in protest during the assad regime (ex: Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar (song)
Frederikssund (nomination district)
Frederikssund nominating district is one of the 92 nominating districts that was created for Danish elections following the 2007 municipal reform.  It consists of Frederikssund and Halsnæs municipality. It was created in 1849 as a constituency and existed until 1915. In 2007 it was reestablished as a nomination district.

In general elections, the district tends to vote close to the national result when looking at the voter split between the two blocs.

Elections in Denmark
There are three types of elections in Denmark: elections to the national parliament (the Folketing), local elections (to municipal and regional councils), and elections to the European Parliament. Referendums may also be called to consult the Danish citizens directly on an issue of national concern.

Parliamentary elections are called by the Monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister, usually three to four years after the last election, although early elections may occur. Elections to local councils (municipal or regional) and to the European Parliament are held on fixed dates. Elections use the party-list proportional representation system. All Danish citizens, living in the Kingdom of Denmark and at least 18 years of age, are eligible to vote in parliamentary elections and long-time residents may vote in local elections.
Boyle v. United Technologies Corp.
Boyle v. United Technologies Corp., 487 U.S. 500 (1988), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that government contractors are immune from liability for design defects in military equipment.

It came from a 1986 decision from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit reversing a jury verdict for Boyle on the grounds that government contractors are immune from liability for design defects in military equipment.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (in case citations, 4th Cir.) is a federal court located in Richmond, Virginia, with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Maryland

Eastern District of North Carolina

Middle District of North Carolina

Western District of North Carolina

District of South Carolina

Eastern District of Virginia

Western District of Virginia

Northern District of West Virginia

Southern District of West Virginia

The court is based at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. United States Courthouse in Richmond, Virginia. With 15 authorized judgeships, it is the 4th largest circuit among the 13 United States Courts of Appeals.
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
United States of America v. Microsoft Corporation, 253 F.3d 34 (D.C. Cir. 2001), was a landmark American antitrust law case at the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. The U.S. government accused Microsoft of illegally monopolizing the web browser market for Windows, primarily through the legal and technical restrictions it put on the abilities of PC manufacturers (OEMs) and users to uninstall Internet Explorer and use other programs such as Netscape and Java.

At the initial trial which began in 1998, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia ruled that Microsoft's actions constituted unlawful monopolization under Section 2 of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, but the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit partially overturned that judgment in 2001. The two parties later reached a settlement in which Microsoft agreed to modify some of its business practices.

Original equipment manufacturer
An original equipment manufacturer (OEM) is a company that produces parts and equipment that may be marketed by another company. However, the term is ambiguous, with several other common meanings: an OEM can be the maker of a system that includes other companies' subsystems, an end-product producer, an automotive part that is manufactured by the same company that produced the original part used in the automobile's assembly, or a value-added reseller.
OEM manufacturing is also widely used in the packaging industry, particularly in the production of customized gift boxes for wine and spirits. These OEM producers allow brands to create unique holiday packaging without maintaining their own manufacturing facilities.
2019 Blackpool Council election
The 2019 Blackpool Council election took place on 2 May 2019 to elect members of Blackpool Council in England.

Blackpool Council had been controlled by the Labour Party since 2011, which held a majority of ten with 26 councillors. The Conservatives were defending twelve seats, and independent councillors were defending four.

2015 Blackpool Borough Council election
The 2015 Blackpool Borough Council election took place on 7 May 2015 to elect members of Blackpool Borough Council in England. All 21 wards of 2 seats each on the council were contested with newly elected members next due to serve a four-year term and next contest their seats in 2019. This election took place on the same day as other local elections as well as the 2015 UK General Election.

The Labour Party retained an overall control on the council, winning 29 of the 42 seats on the council. The Conservative Party won the remaining 13 seats, wiping out the Liberal Democrats.
David B. Snow Jr.
David B. Snow Jr. (born November 30, 1954) is an American business executive; the chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Cedar Gate Technologies, a healthcare predictive and prescriptive analytics company. He previously was the CEO of Medco Health Solutions, the largest pharmacy benefits manager in the United States by revenue. He founded Americhoice, a drug development company he sold to UnitedHealth Group for $570 million.

Snow is on the board of directors for Pitney Bowes, Teladoc, CareCentrix, the Clemson Institute for the Study of Capitalism, and Duke University's Fuqua School of Business. In 2010, he was named #27 on the Harvard Business Review's “Best Performing CEOs in the World".

UnitedHealth Group
UnitedHealth Group Incorporated is an American multinational for-profit company based in Eden Prairie, Minnesota specializing in health insurance and health care services. Selling insurance products under UnitedHealthcare, and health care services under the Optum brand, it is the world's seventh-largest company by revenue and the largest health care company by revenue. The company is ranked seventh on the 2025 Fortune Global 500.

UnitedHealth Group had a market capitalization of more than $300 billion as of year-end 2025. The company is the largest health insurer in the United States, insuring over 50 million people, and operates globally.

UnitedHealth Group has faced numerous investigations, lawsuits, and fines, including SEC enforcement for stock option backdating, Medicare over-billing, unfair claims practices, mental health treatment denials, and anticompetitive behavior.
Emergency Response Rooms
The Emergency Response Rooms (ERRs) (Arabic: غرف الطوارئ) in Sudan, a community-led initiative formed by the resistance committees behind the 2019 revolution, have played a crucial role in providing humanitarian aid during the Sudanese civil war between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which began in April 2023. As of December 2024, ERRs had assisted over 11.5 million people, evacuating thousands and supplying essential resources like clean water and medical supplies.

Despite being targeted and facing violence, ERRs remain a symbol of decolonised aid, funded by communities and external donors. Their efforts have been praised by the European Union and, the initiative was nominated for the 2025 Nobel Peace Prize by the Peace Research Institute Oslo.

Sudanese resistance committees
The Sudanese resistance committees (Arabic: لجان المقاومة) or neighbourhood committees are informal, grassroots neighbourhood networks of Sudanese residents that started organising civil disobedience campaigns against the government of Omar al-Bashir in 2013 and became a major organised network playing a key role during the Sudanese Revolution.
Sunetra Choudhury
Sunetra Choudhury is a journalist and anchor with The Hindustan Times. Her career started with The Indian Express in 1999 where she became the deputy chief reporter. In 2002, she began her TV career with Star News. Later, she moved to NDTV in 2003. Primarily located in New Delhi, she is an alumnus of the Indian Institute of Mass Communication.

NDTV
New Delhi Television Ltd (NDTV) is an Indian news media company focusing on broadcast and digital news publication. It was founded in 1984 by economist Prannoy Roy and journalist Radhika Roy.

NDTV began as a production house for news segments, contracted by the public broadcaster Doordarshan and international satellite channels when television broadcasting was a state monopoly, and transitioned into India's first independent news network. The company launched the first 24x7 news channel in partnership with Star India in 1998. In 2003, it became an independent broadcasting network with the simultaneous launch of the Hindi and English language news channels NDTV India and NDTV 24x7.

In 2022, the Adani Group, noted for its close ties with the BJP, acquired a majority stake in the company. Adani's takeover led many prominent members of the channel to resign, including Ravish Kumar.
Teixobactin
Teixobactin (/ˌteɪksoʊˈbæktɪn/) is a peptide-like secondary metabolite of some species of bacteria, that kills some gram-positive bacteria. It appears to belong to a new class of antibiotics, and harms bacteria by binding to lipid II and lipid III, important precursor molecules for forming the cell wall.

Teixobactin was discovered using a new method of culturing bacteria in soil, which allowed researchers to grow a previously unculturable bacterium now named Eleftheria terrae, which produces the antibiotic. Teixobactin was shown to kill Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), also known as Koch's bacillus, is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis.

First discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch, M. tuberculosis has an unusual, waxy coating on its cell surface primarily due to the presence of mycolic acid. This coating makes the cells impervious to Gram staining, and as a result, M. tuberculosis can appear weakly Gram-positive.  Acid-fast stains such as Ziehl–Neelsen, or fluorescent stains such as auramine are used instead to identify M. tuberculosis with a microscope. The physiology of M. tuberculosis is highly aerobic and requires high levels of oxygen. Primarily a pathogen of the mammalian respiratory system, it infects the lungs. The most frequently used diagnostic methods for tuberculosis are the tuberculin skin test, acid-fast stain, culture, and polymerase chain reaction.

The M. tuberculosis genome was sequenced in 1998.
Bram Cohen
Bram Cohen is an American computer programmer, best known as the author of the peer-to-peer (P2P) BitTorrent protocol in 2001, as well as the first file sharing program to use the protocol, also known as BitTorrent. He is also the co-founder of CodeCon and organizer of the San Francisco Bay Area P2P-hackers meeting, was the co-author of Codeville and creator of the Chia cryptocurrency which implements the proof of space-time consensus algorithm.

File sharing
File sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digital media, such as computer programs, multimedia (audio, images and video), documents or electronic books. Common methods of storage, transmission and dispersion include removable media, centralized servers on computer networks, Internet-based hyperlinked documents, and the use of distributed peer-to-peer networking.

File sharing technologies, such as BitTorrent, are integral to modern media piracy, as well as the sharing of scientific data and other free content.
Melleray Abbey
Melleray Abbey (French: Abbaye de Notre-Dame-de-Melleray) was a Cistercian monastery, founded about the year 1134 (1134). It was situated in La Meilleraye-de-Bretagne in the vicinity of Châteaubriant in Brittany, in the present Loire-Atlantique, France, and in the Diocese of Nantes. Between 1817 and 2016 it was a house of Trappist monks. Since 2016 it has been used by the Chemin Neuf Community.

Chemin Neuf Community
The Chemin Neuf Community (French: Communauté du Chemin Neuf) is a Catholic community with an ecumenical vocation. Formed from a charismatic prayer group in 1973, it has 2,000 permanent members in 30 countries, and 12,000 people serving in the community missions. Its main founder is the Jesuit father, Laurent Fabre.

The community takes its name from the first meeting place, based in Lyon, 49 Montée du Chemin-Neuf. A product of the Charismatic Renewal, the community adheres to Ignatian spirituality. It brings together priests, lay celibates (men and women) as well as non-celibates and couples with or without children. The community directs its actions around the principle of unity: unity of Christians (ecumenism), unity of peoples, and unity of couples and of families.
George Zambellas
Admiral Sir George Michael Zambellas, GCB, DSC, ADC, DL, FRAeS (born 4 April 1958) is a British retired Royal Navy officer. He served as First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff from April 2013 before handing over duties to Admiral Sir Philip Jones in April 2016.

In his early career Zambellas served as a helicopter pilot with 814 Naval Air Squadron, 829 Naval Air Squadron and then 815 Naval Air Squadron. As Captain of HMS Chatham he was deployed as part of Operation Palliser off Sierra Leone, for which he received the Distinguished Service Cross in 2001. He went on to be Fleet Commander and Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff in early 2012. In June 2024, he was appointed to the ancient honorary office of Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports.

Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is a third-level military decoration awarded for gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea to officers; and, since 1993, ratings and other ranks of the British Armed Forces, Royal Fleet Auxiliary and the British Merchant Navy have been eligible. The award was formerly also awarded to members of armed forces of other Commonwealth countries.

The DSC is "awarded in recognition of an act or acts of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea." Since 1979, it can be awarded posthumously.
Senones
The Senones or Senonii (Gaulish: 'the ancient ones') were an ancient Gallic tribe dwelling in the Seine basin, around present-day Sens, during the Iron Age and the Roman period.

Part of the Senones settled in the Italian peninsula, where they ousted the Umbrians between Ariminum (modern-day Rimini) and Ancona. According to later Roman accounts, they were the leaders of the Gallic war-band that captured Rome during the Battle of the Allia in 390 BC. They remained a constant threat until Rome eventually subjugated them in 283 BC, after which they disappeared from history.

Umbri
The Umbri were an ancient people, considered an Italic people, attested during the Iron Age in inner central Italy, approximately between the middle Tiber river and the central Apennines. A region called Umbria still exists and is now occupied by Italian speakers. It is somewhat smaller than the ancient Umbria. Most ancient Umbrian cities were settled in the 9th-4th centuries BCE on easily defensible hilltops. Umbria was bordered by the Tiber and Nar rivers and included the Apennine slopes on the Adriatic. The ancient Umbrian language belongs to the Osco-Umbrian branch of the Italic languages, an Indo-European subfamily that also includes the Latino-Faliscan languages.