hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Car analogy
The car analogy is a common technique, used predominantly in engineering textbooks, to ease the understanding of abstract concepts in which a car, its composite parts, and common circumstances surrounding it are used as analogs for elements of the conceptual systems. The car analogy can be seen elsewhere, in textbooks covering other subjects and at various educational levels, such as explaining regulation of human temperature.

System
A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences.

Systems have several common properties and characteristics, including structure, function(s), behavior and interconnectivity.
A Cure for Pokeritis
A Cure for Pokeritis is a 1912 short silent film starring John Bunny and Flora Finch. After Bunny's death in 1915, a re-release was announced with the alternative title A Sure Cure for Pokeritis. The film, a domestic comedy, depicts a woman who stops her husband's gambling habit by having her cousin stage a fake police raid on his weekly poker game. It was one of many similar shorts produced by Vitagraph Studios—one-reel comedies starring Bunny and Finch in a domestic setting, known popularly as "Bunnygraphs" or "Bunnyfinches"—whose popularity made Bunny and Finch early film stars. The film has been recognized as an historically important representative of its period and genre.

Vitagraph Studios
Vitagraph Studios, also known as the Vitagraph Company of America, was a United States motion picture studio. It was founded by J. Stuart Blackton and Albert E. Smith in 1897 in Brooklyn, New York, as the American Vitagraph Company. By 1907, it was the most prolific American film production company, producing many famous silent films. It was bought by Warner Bros. in 1925.
Fujiwara no Ikushi
Fujiwara no Ikushi (藤原 育子; 1146 – September 23, 1173) was an empress consort of Japan. She was the consort of Emperor Nijō of Japan and foster mother of Emperor Rokujō.

In the same year of Emperor Rokujō's abdication, Fujiwara took tonsure as a Buddhist nun.

Emperor Rokujō
Emperor Rokujō (六条天皇, Rokujō-tennō; December 28, 1164 – August 23, 1176) was the 79th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  His reign spanned the years from 1165 through 1168.
Grace Kigeni
Grace Kigeni Ateenyi Sengendo (born 1988) is a Ugandan chess player. She holds a title of a Woman FIDE Master. She was Uganda Women's National Chess Champion in 2013. Her national rank in Uganda is 187 (All players) and in Africa (All players) she ranks 6962. She is a member of the Ugandan Chess Federation.

Kigeni was the only Ugandan who defeated English chess grandmaster Nigel Short when he visited Uganda to participate in Anatoly Karpov's FIDE presidency election campaign in 2010. Short played 25 games during that tour. He won 23 games, lost one and drew one game.

Uganda Chess Federation
The Uganda Chess Federation (UCF) is the governing body of chess competition in Uganda and a member of FIDE, the international chess federation. It administers the official national chess rating system which awards both numeric ratings and titles of distinction. The UCF was founded in 1972, became affiliated with the National Council of Sports in 1973, and in 1978 was affiliated with FIDE, the first Federation in East Africa to achieve this.
Jim Ashley Flores
Jim Ashley Pereña Flores (born 12 September 1992) is a Filipino professional footballer who plays for Philippines Football League club Manilla Digger. He is currently the assistant coach of the Philippines women's national football team, and the Philippines women's national under-17 football team.

Philippines women's national under-17 football team
The Philippines women's national under-17 football team is a national association football youth team of the Philippines and is controlled by the Philippine Football Federation.

The Philippines has qualified for the AFC U-17 Women's Asian Cup for the first time in its history on September 24, 2023 and made their first appearance in the 2024 edition.
Assyriska FF
Assyriska Fotbollsföreningen, also known simply as Assyriska FF, is a Swedish football club based in Södertälje, Stockholm County. The club, formed in 1974 by Assyrian immigrants, has advanced through the league system and is currently playing in the third highest Swedish league, Division 1. They played in the highest Swedish football league Allsvenskan in 2005 where their games were broadcast in over 80 countries. The club has also played a final in Svenska Cupen, which was lost against IF Elfsborg in 2003.

Assyriska is often viewed as a substitute national team by the Assyrian people.

The club has a fan base from all over the world and has also their own pop song which is called "My Assyrian team – the team of my dream". A documentary film about Assyriska called "Assyriska: A National Team Without A Nation" was also made in 2006 by Nuri Kino and Erik Sandberg. The success of the documentary film made it possible to win the Golden Palm Award at the Beverly Hills Film Festival.

Ettan Fotboll
Ettan Fotboll, or simply Ettan (English: the first [division]), which also is its common name in everyday speech, is the third level in the Swedish football league system and consists of 32 Swedish football teams. It was formerly simply known as Division 1. Division 1 was the second tier from 1987 to 1999, but was replaced by Superettan in 2000. It was reestablished for the 2006 season as the third tier below Superettan.
Luke Arnold
Luke Arnold (born 1984) is an Australian actor and author, who is known for portraying John Silver in the Starz drama series Black Sails (2014–2017) and INXS singer Michael Hutchence in the miniseries INXS: Never Tear Us Apart (2014).

Michael Hutchence
Michael Kelland John Hutchence (22 January 1960 – 22 November 1997) was an Australian singer and songwriter. He was the co-founder, lead singer and lyricist of the rock band INXS from 1977 until his death in 1997. The band sold over 50 million records worldwide, making them one of Australia's highest-selling music acts of all time. They were inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame in 2001.

Hutchence was also a member of the short-lived band Max Q and recorded some solo material, alongside acting in films such as Dogs in Space (1986) and Frankenstein Unbound (1990). He was known for his string of love affairs with actresses, models and singers and his private life was often covered in the international press. He had a daughter, Tiger Hutchence-Geldof, with British television presenter Paula Yates. Hutchence died by suicide in a Sydney hotel room on 22 November 1997 at the age of 37.
2014 Kenyan National Super League
The 2014 Kenyan National Super League was the inaugural season of the Kenyan National Super League since being established on 10 July 2013, and the 51st second division season since its establishment in 1963. Competition was scheduled to begin on 8 March, but was postponed and instead began a week later on 15 March.

A total of 24 teams, divided into 2 zones of 12 teams each, competed for the league, with 22 promoted from FKF Division One, which has since become the third tier of the Kenyan football league system after the introduction of the National Super League, and 2 teams relegated from the Kenyan Premier League. The top two teams from each zone, Kakamega Homeboyz, Nakumatt, Posta Rangers and Shabana, all gained promotion to the Premier League for the 2015 season, which is set to be contested by 18 teams, up from 16 for the 2014 season.

FKF Division One
FKF Division One is the third tier in the Kenyan football league system. It has a promotion and relegation system with the Kenyan National Super League and the Kenyan Provincial League. It is controlled by the Football Kenya Federation. Most member clubs are semi-professional, though some clubs are either fully professional or amateur.
01708
01708 is the national dialling code for Romford in the United Kingdom. The area it serves includes almost all of the London Borough of Havering and some adjacent areas. When STD codes were first introduced, Romford was assigned 0708 and 0402 was used for the rest of the current code area. After a sequence of changes in the early 1990s, culminating with PhONEday, the current 01708 code became active on 16 April 1995. All subscriber numbers within the area code consist of six digits. The code is used at eight telephone exchanges as part a linked numbering scheme. In common with all other British area codes the initial '0' is a trunk prefix that is not required when dialling Romford from abroad.

Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom and the Crown Dependencies, telephone numbers are administered by the Office of Communications (Ofcom). For this purpose, Ofcom established a telephone numbering plan, known as the National Telephone Numbering Plan, which is the system for assigning telephone numbers to subscriber stations.

Telephone numbers are of variable length. Local numbers are supported from landlines. Numbers can be dialled with a '0'-lead prefix that denotes either a geographical region or another service. Mobile phone numbers have distinct prefixes that are not geographic, and are portable between providers.
Joe Wilson (director)
Joseph Hall Wilson (born February 8, 1964) is an American film director and producer, best known for documentaries and impact campaigns that explore oppression and empowerment among gender and sexual minority communities. He has received an Emmy, GLAAD Media and several film festival awards, and his work has been supported by the Sundance Institute, Ford Foundation, ITVS and Pacific Islanders in Communications.

GLAAD Media Award
The GLAAD Media Award is a US accolade bestowed by GLAAD to recognize and honor various branches of the media for outstanding portrayals of LGBTQ people and the issues that affect their lives.  In addition to film and television, the Awards also recognize achievements in other branches of the media and arts, including theatre, music, journalism and advertising.

Honorees are selected by a process involving over 700 GLAAD Media Award voters and volunteers and are evaluated using four criteria: "Fair, Accurate and Inclusive Representations" of the LGBT community, "Boldness and Originality" of the project, significant "Cultural Impact" on mainstream culture, and "Overall Quality" of the project.  Results are then certified by a "Review Panel" who determine the final list of recipients based on voting results and their own "expert opinions".

The 1st GLAAD Media Awards ceremony honoring the 1989 season was held in 1990, and recognized 34 nominees in 7 competitive categories.
Mohamed Barakat
Mohamed Barakat Ahmed Bastamy (born 7 September 1976) is an Egyptian former professional footballer. A right-footed playmaker, he usually played as an right winger or attacking midfielder for Egyptian club Al Ahly and the Egypt national team.

Barakat was considered by many as one of the most talented players in Africa. His hallmarks are surging runs from midfield which often disrupt opposing defences, as well as his box-to-box work ethic, which makes him an important figure both in defence and attack. Thanks to his noticeable achievements and talent, his fans gave him the nickname The Mercurial (Arabic: بركات الزئبقي), He reached his peak in 2005 and 2006, helping his club Al Ahly to win the CAF Champions League 2005 and CAF Champions League 2006 and Egypt win their fifth African Cup of Nations Egypt 2006. However, in 2006 his career was marred by a long spell of injuries.

2006 CAF Champions League
The 2006 CAF Champions League was the 42nd edition of the CAF Champions League, the Africa's premier club football tournament prize organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF). It was started on 17 February 2006 with a preliminary round. Al Ahly of Egypt defeated CS Sfaxien of Tunisia in the final to win their fifth title and for the second time in a row with a late winner by Mohamed Aboutrika.
AlAhly keep the trophy forever after 3 cups
Googong Foreshores
Googong Foreshores is a heritage-listed historic precinct at London Bridge Road, Burra, New South Wales, Australia. It consists of the historic surroundings of the Googong Dam that predated the dam itself. It is also known as the Googong Foreshores Cultural and Geodiversity Heritage Areas. It was added to the Australian Commonwealth Heritage List on 3 November 2017.

Googong Dam
Googong Dam is a minor ungated earth and rock fill with clay core embankment dam with concrete chute spillway plus a nearby 13 metres (43 ft) high earthfill saddle embankment across the Queanbeyan River upstream of Queanbeyan in the Capital Country region of New South Wales, Australia. The dam's purpose includes water supply for Canberra and Queanbeyan. The impounded reservoir is called Googong Reservoir.

Googong Dam was created through enabling legislation enacted via the passage of the Canberra Water Supply (Googong Dam) Act, 1974.
Alexander Makinsky
Alexander Makinsky (Russian: Александр Макинский; October 13, 1900 – April 24, 1988) was an American businessman and noble born in Maku, Iran. He was a General Representative for Rockefeller Foundation in France, then assistant vice president of the Foundation in Paris and New York. He also served as vice-president for export of The Coca-Cola Company.

Maku, Iran
Maku (Persian: ماكو) is a city in the Central District of Maku County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

Maku is 22 kilometres (14 mi) from the Turkish border in a mountain gorge at an altitude of 1,634 metres. The Zangmar River cuts through the city. The Maku Free Trade and Industrial Zone, which opened in 2011, is Iran's largest and the world's second largest free trade zone, encompassing an area of 5,000 square kilometres.
Dawn's New Ragtime Follies
Dawn's New Ragtime Follies is a 1973 album by the American pop group Tony Orlando and Dawn. This release was a concept album that combined Vaudevillian ragtime flavors with pop and disco music. With multi-generational appeal, and aided by Tony Orlando & Dawn's highly successful weekly TV variety show on CBS,  Dawn's New Ragtime Follies sold millions and became Tony Orlando & Dawn’s best selling LP. New Ragtime Follies spawned the best-selling singles "Say, Has Anybody Seen My Sweet Gypsy Rose," "Who’s in the Strawberry Patch With Sally" and "Steppin' Out (Gonna Boogie Tonight)." Telma Hopkins is featured on lead vocals for a cover of John Sebastian's "Daydream", which was a hit for the Lovin' Spoonful in 1966. A later compact disc reissue of the album contains four bonus tracks, "Jolie", "Personality", Come Back Billie Jo", and a slightly varied single version of "Steppin’ Out."

Who's in the Strawberry Patch with Sally
"Who's in the Strawberry Patch With Sally" is a song written by Irwin Levine and L. Russell Brown. Recorded by Tony Orlando and Dawn, the 1973 single release was an international hit, peaking at No. 3 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart. It also hit No. 1 in Canada, No. 6 in New Zealand, and No. 36 in the United Kingdom.
Tomb of Ferdowsi
The Tomb of Ferdowsi (Persian: آرامگاه فردوسی, romanized: Ârâmgâh-e Ferdowsi) is a tomb complex composed of a white marble base, and a decorative edifice erected in honour of the Persian poet Ferdowsi located in Tus, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. It was built in the early 1930s, and mainly uses elements of Achaemenid architecture to demonstrate Iran's rich culture and history. The construction of the mausoleum as well as its aesthetic design is a reflection of the cultural, and geo-political status of Iran at the time.

Tus, Iran
Tus (Persian: توس, romanized: Ṭūs) is an ancient city in Khorasan near Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. To the ancient Greeks, it was known as Susia (Ancient Greek: Σούσια). It was also known as Tusa. Tus was divided into four cities, Tabran, Radakan, Noan and Teroid, which in combination formed largest city in the region in the fifth century.
World Climbing
World Climbing (formerly known as the International Federation of Sport Climbing or IFSC) is the international governing body for the sport of competition climbing, which consists of the disciplines lead climbing, bouldering, and speed climbing.

The federation officially launched the name World Climbing on December 10, 2025, following approval by its National Federations and subsequent amendment of its statutes in October 2023.

International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
The International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation, commonly known by its French name Union internationale des associations d'alpinisme (UIAA; French for 'International Union of Alpine Clubs'), was founded in August 1932 in Chamonix, France when 20 mountaineering associations met for an alpine congress. Count Charles Egmond d'Arcis, from Switzerland, was chosen as the first president and it was decided by the founding members that the UIAA would be an international federation which would be in charge of the "study and solution of all problems regarding mountaineering". The UIAA Safety Label was created in 1960 and was internationally approved in 1965 and currently (2015) has a global presence on five continents with 86 member associations in 62 countries representing over 3 million people.
Stasimon
A Stasimon (Ancient Greek: στάσιμον) in Greek tragedy is a stationary song composed of strophes and antistrophes that is performed by the chorus in the orchestra (Ancient Greek: ὀρχήστρα, "place where the chorus dances").

Aristotle states in the Poetics (1452b23) that each choral song (or melos) of a tragedy is divided into two parts: the parodos (Ancient Greek: πάροδος) and the stasimon. He defines the latter as "a choral song without anapaests or trochaics". This comment about the absence of anapest and trochee has been interpreted to mean that the music was not based on the usual “walking” meters, since the chorus sings the stasimon while remaining in the orchestra. After making its entrance singing the parodos, it does not usually leave the orchestra until the end of the play.

The Suda, an 11th-century Byzantine encyclopedia, attributes the establishment of the choral singing of a stasimon to the celebrated kitharode Arion of Hermione.

Theatre of ancient Greece
A theatrical culture flourished in ancient Greece from 700 BC. At its centre was the city-state of Athens, which became a significant cultural, political, and religious place during this period, and the theatre was institutionalised there as part of a festival called the Dionysia, which honoured the god Dionysus. Tragedy (late 500 BC), comedy (490 BC), and the satyr play were the three dramatic genres emerged there. Athens exported the festival to its numerous colonies. Modern Western theatre comes, in large measure, from the theatre of ancient Greece, from which it borrows technical terminology, classification into genres, and many of its themes, stock characters, and plot elements.
Leny Yoro
Leny Jean-Luc Yoro (born 13 November 2005) is a French professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Premier League club Manchester United and the France under-21 national team.

A Lille academy graduate, Yoro joined the club as a child and then became one of the youngest first-team players when he made his professional Ligue 1 debut in May 2022, at the age of 16 years, six months and one day. After a first senior season in which he was mainly used as a substitute, he became one of Lille's cornerstones as a teenager in his second full season and made his European debut in August 2023. He was named in the Ligue 1 Team of the Year in the 2023–24 season. In July 2024, he signed for Manchester United for a reported fee of €62 million (£52.2 million), making him the most expensive player aged 18 or younger and one of the most expensive centre-backs in history.

Yoro has represented France at under-17, under-18, under-19, under-21 and under-23 levels.

France national under-17 football team
The France national under-17 football team is the national under-17 football team of France who will be playing in the UEFA European Championship this year controlled by the French Football Federation. The team competes in the annual UEFA European Under-17 Championship and the FIFA U-17 World Cup, which is held every two years. The under-17 team also participates in local and international friendly tournaments, such as the Montaigu Tournament.
Sports in São Vicente, Cape Verde
The island of São Vicente in Cape Verde in the westcentral portion of the Barlavento Islands is home to several teams and clubs.  The major professional clubs are CS Mindelense, FC Derby, Académica do Mindelo, Batuque FC and Amarante.  The island also has a league named the São Vicente Island League, it is the oldest in Cape Verde, first it only had football, later it had basketball, volleyball, athletics and now futsal.

The island was the first place in Cape Verde that sports were introduced.

GD Amarantes
Grêmio Desportivo Amarante or Amarante (Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: GD Amarantis, São Vicente: GD Amarante) is a football club that had played in the Premier division and plays in the São Vicente Island League in Cape Verde. It is based in the city of Mindelo in the island of São Vicente.
Emotions across Time, Languages, and Cultures
The Emotions across Time, Languages, and Cultures (EMOTLC) research laboratory is an interdisciplinary academic group based at the University of Castilla–La Mancha (UCLM) in Spain. Founded in 2003, the lab investigates the historical and cultural dimensions of emotion, particularly through linguistic, literary, and social lenses. It is housed within the Department of Modern Languages at UCLM’s Faculty of Arts and involves scholars from linguistics, history, anthropology, and psychology.

University of Castilla–La Mancha
The University of Castilla–La Mancha (Spanish: Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; UCLM) is a public Spanish university. It offers courses in the cities of Albacete, Ciudad Real, Cuenca, Toledo, Almadén and Talavera de la Reina. This university was recognised by law on 30 June 1982, and began to operate three years later.

Research is a fundamental pillar of the university, which has 35 research and development centres and institutes, including the Institute for Regional Development, as well as the Science and Technology Park of Castilla-La Mancha. The Library of the University of Castilla-La Mancha has more than 1.3 million volumes.
Sac and Fox treaty of 1842
The New Purchase of 1842 is a treaty between the United States and the Sauk and Meskwaki tribes, referred to as the Sac and Fox in the treaty. The Native American tribes ceded land in Iowa west of the Mississippi River and north of the Missouri border.

Sauk people
The Sauk or Sac (Sauk: Thâkîwaki) are Native Americans and Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands. Their historical territory was near Green Bay, Wisconsin. Today they have three tribes based in Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma. Their federally recognized tribes are:

Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska

Sac and Fox Nation, Oklahoma

Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa.

They are closely allied with the Meskwaki people. Their Sauk language is part of the Algonquian language family.