hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2007 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
The 2007 Penn State Nittany Lions football team represented the Pennsylvania State University in the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The team was coached by Joe Paterno and played its home games in Beaver Stadium in University Park, Pennsylvania.

The 2006 season began with the Nittany Lions ranked #19 in the AP and Coaches preseason polls. The team dropped out of the rankings with losses to Notre Dame and Ohio State, but finished the season ranked #25 in the Coaches Poll and #24 in the AP Poll with a final record of 9–4.

Deon Butler
Vincent Deon Butler (born January 4, 1986) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Seattle Seahawks in the third round of the 2009 NFL draft. He played college football for the Penn State Nittany Lions.
2025 Prayag Maha Kumbh Mela crowd crush
On 29 January 2025, crowd crushes occurred at the 2025 Prayag Kumbh Mela at the confluence of the Ganges, Yamuna, and Saraswati rivers in Prayagraj, in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. At least 30 people were killed, while 90 others were injured. This is the sixth crowd crush during the Kumbh Mela in the past 70 years.
A second crush in the following hours killed seven people including a three-year-old child. The official death toll count has been disputed, with reports suggesting the actual number of fatalities being higher than the government’s figure. A Newslaundry report based on hospital and police records claims the death toll to be at least 79. These discrepancies have led to criticism of the government’s handling of the incident and calls for greater transparency.

2025 Prayag Maha Kumbh Mela
The 2025 Prayag Maha Kumbh Mela was the most recent iteration of the Kumbh Mela, a Hindu pilgrimage festival that marked a full orbital revolution of Jupiter around the Sun. It was scheduled from 13 January to 26 February 2025, at the Triveni Sangam in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was the world's largest gathering, and according to data released on 26 February, more than 660 million (66 crores) people had taken a dip in the river. This event marked the completion of a 12-year Kumbh Mela cycle and was officially termed a Maha Kumbh Mela, spanning 45 days.

The Kumbh Mela had been organised for many centuries with its commencement date unknown. As per astrological calculations, the 2025 edition was unique since the constellation alignment seen was witnessed once in 144 years. The site of each Kumbh Mela was decided by the astrological alignment of Jupiter, the Sun and the Moon. The Kumbh Mela had been recognised as part of Intangible Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.
Bal'a
Bal'a (Arabic: بلعا) is a Palestinian town in the Tulkarm Governorate, located approximately nine kilometers northeast of Tulkarm in the northern West Bank and three kilometers away from the highway connecting Tulkarm with Nablus.

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the town had a population of approximately 6,604 in 2007 and 7,822 in 2017.  In 1922, the town had a population of 1,259 nearly doubled to 2,220 in 1945. After Israel's occupation of the town in 1967 after the Six-Day War, Bal'a inhabitants numbered 3,800 after dozens of families from nearby towns such as, Deir al-Ghusun settled there after being expelled.

Deir al-Ghusun
Deir al-Ghusun (Arabic: دير الغصون) is a Palestinian town in the Tulkarm Governorate, located eight kilometers northeast of the city of Tulkarm in the northern West Bank, Palestine. The town is near the Green Line (border between Israel and the West Bank). The town had a population of 9,936 in 2017. Its altitude is 200 meters.
1976–77 WHA season
The 1976–77 WHA season was the fifth season of the World Hockey Association (WHA). Prior to the season, the Toronto Toros moved to Birmingham, Alabama and became the Birmingham Bulls. The Cleveland Crusaders attempted to move to South Florida, but instead became the short-lived second incarnation of the Minnesota Fighting Saints and folded after playing 42 games. With the death of the Saints, the WHA left the last market it had been sharing with the NHL. The remaining 11 teams finished the season, playing 80 or 81 games.

With the reduction of teams before the start of the season, the league returned to a two-division setup, eliminating the Canadian Division.

The Avco World Trophy winners were the Quebec Nordiques, defeating the Winnipeg Jets four games to three; it was the only WHA final series that went the full seven games.

Quebec Nordiques
The Quebec Nordiques (French: Nordiques de Québec, pronounced [nɔʁdzɪk] in Quebec French, /nɔːrˈdiːks/ nor-DEEKS in Canadian English; translated "Northmen" or "Northerners") were a professional ice hockey team based in Quebec City. The Nordiques played in the World Hockey Association (1972–1979) and the National Hockey League (1979–1995). The franchise was relocated to Denver in May 1995 and renamed the Colorado Avalanche. They played their home games at the Colisée de Québec from 1972 to 1995.

The Nordiques were the only major professional sports team based in Quebec City in the modern era, and one of two ever; the other, the Quebec Bulldogs, played in the National Hockey Association (NHA) from 1910 to 1917 and one season in the NHL in 1919–20.
Thrawn Ascendancy
Thrawn Ascendancy, also known as Thrawn: The Ascendancy Trilogy or simply The Ascendancy Trilogy, is a trilogy series of Star Wars novels by Timothy Zahn. The books Chaos Rising (2020), Greater Good (2021), and Lesser Evil (2021), follow Thrawn as he rises through the ranks of the Chiss Expansionary Defense Fleet as war brews between the various Chiss families throughout the Unknown Regions.

The trilogy is a prequel to Thrawn's exploits in Thrawn (2017) and the TV series Star Wars Rebels (2014–2018). According to the timeline of the books, the events in Thrawn Ascendancy occur after the 2002 film Attack of the Clones and before the events of the 2015 novel Dark Disciple: A Clone Wars Novel and the 2005 film Revenge of the Sith.

Star Wars: Thrawn
Star Wars: Thrawn (also known simply as Thrawn) is a Star Wars novel by Timothy Zahn, published on April 11, 2017, by Del Rey Books. It chronicles the rise of Grand Admiral Thrawn, a popular character originating from the Star Wars Legends line of works, which were declared non-canon to the franchise after Disney redefined Star Wars continuity in April 2014. The novel was announced in July 2016 alongside news that the character Thrawn would be reintroduced into the Star Wars franchise on the 3D CGI animated television series Star Wars Rebels.

A sequel, titled Thrawn: Alliances, was released in July 2018. A third novel, Thrawn: Treason, was released in July 2019.
2021 Old Dominion Monarchs football team
The 2021 Old Dominion Monarchs football team represented Old Dominion University during the 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Monarchs played their home games at S.B. Ballard Stadium in Norfolk, Virginia, and competed in the East Division of Conference USA (C-USA). The team was coached by second-year head coach Ricky Rahne.

On October 27, 2021, Old Dominion announced that this would be the last season for the team in C-USA, and they would join the Sun Belt Conference on July 1, 2022.

2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season
The 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season was the 152nd season of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at its highest level of competition, the Football Bowl Subdivision. The regular season began on August 28, 2021, and ended on December 11, 2021. The postseason began on December 17, with the main games ending on January 10, 2022, with the College Football Playoff National Championship at Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, and the all-star portion of the post-season concluding with the inaugural HBCU Legacy Bowl on February 19, 2022. It was the eighth season of the College Football Playoff (CFP) system.  It was the first time since 2016 that no major team finished the season undefeated as the Cincinnati Bearcats, the season's last undefeated team, were defeated in the 2021 Cotton Bowl Classic. The season's Heisman Trophy winner was Alabama Crimson Tide quarterback Bryce Young.
1955 Florida Gators football team
The 1955 Florida Gators football team represented the University of Florida during the 1955 college football season. The season was Bob Woodruff's sixth as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team. The Gators played their only eight-game Southeastern Conference schedule before the 1990s, and probably the most difficult of the 1950s. The standout Gator players included offensive and defensive tackle John Barrow, halfback and punter Don Chandler, two-way halfback Jackie Simpson and defensive back John Symank. The highlights of the 1955 season included three conference victories over the Mississippi State Maroons (20–14), LSU Tigers (18–14), and Georgia Bulldogs (19–13). The Gators closed out the season with a knife's edge 7–6 road loss to the Miami Hurricanes in their home stadium in Miami, Florida. Woodruff's 1955 Florida Gators finished 4–6 overall and 3–5 in the SEC, placing tenth of twelve teams in the conference.

Jackie Simpson (defensive back)
John Marlin Simpson (April 2, 1934 - December 20, 2017) was an American college and professional football player who was a defensive back in the National Football League (NFL) for five seasons during the late 1950s and early 1960s.  Simpson played college football for the University of Florida, and then played professionally for the Baltimore Colts and the Pittsburgh Steelers of the NFL.
Beit Sahour tax strike
The Beit Sahour tax strike was a tax strike by the residents of the Palestinian town of Beit Sahour in 1989. Part of the First Intifada, the strike was proclaimed with slogans of "no taxation without representation" and "must we pay for the bullets that kill our children?" The Israeli government acted to crack down on the strike, seizing property from town residents, placing residents under administrative detention, and eventually imposing a 42-day blockade on the town.

Tax resistance
Tax resistance (also known as a tax strike or tax revolt) is the refusal to pay tax because of opposition to the government that is imposing the tax, or to government policy, or as opposition to taxation in itself. Tax resistance is a form of direct action and, if in violation of the tax regulations, also a form of civil disobedience. Tax resisters are distinct from "tax protesters", who deny that the legal obligation to pay taxes exists or applies to them. Tax resisters may accept that some law commands them to pay taxes but they still choose to resist taxation.

Examples of tax resistance campaigns include those advocating home rule, such as the Salt March led by Mahatma Gandhi, and those promoting women's suffrage, such as the Women's Tax Resistance League. War tax resistance is the refusal to pay some or all taxes that pay for war and may be practiced by conscientious objectors, pacifists, or those protesting against a particular war.
First Shadow Cabinet of Alexis Tsipras
The First Shadow Cabinet of Alexis Tsipras was formed on 3 July 2012, following the June 2012 Greek legislative election. It consisted of only Syriza MPs, as they were the largest party to refuse to participate in the ND-PASOK-DIMAR coalition. The Shadow Cabinet was dissolved following the January 2015 Greek legislative election, and was replaced by a New Democracy shadow cabinet led by Antonis Samaras. Tsipras subsequently formed his First Cabinet on 27 January 2015, consisting of a coalition of both Syriza and the Independent Greeks.

First cabinet of Alexis Tsipras
Following his victory in legislative elections held on 25 January 2015, the newly elected prime minister Alexis Tsipras appointed a new cabinet to succeed the cabinet of Antonis Samaras, his predecessor. A significant reshuffle took place on 17 July 2015.

Tsipras resigned as prime minister on 20 August 2015, and after opposition parties failed to form their own government, on 27 August Vassiliki Thanou-Christophilou was appointed as an interim prime minister, and her caretaker cabinet was sworn in on 28 August. Following the subsequent September legislative election, Tsipras was re-appointed as prime minister on 21 September and appointed a second cabinet that was sworn in on 23 September.
Siege of Thionville (1870)
The siege of Thionville took place within the Franco-Prussian War. It occurred in Thionville of the Moselle from 13 to 24 November 1870. The small French garrison repulsed an attempted attack on 14 August. The garrison was subjected to a blockade and then besieged from 13 November. After the capitulation of Metz, on 28 October 1870, the Prussians moved part of their powerful artillery to Thionville. Bombed from 22 November, the square surrendered on 24 November. The capture of Thionville and that of Montmédy a month later gave the Germans control of the railway to the Picardy front.

Siege of Montmédy
The siege of Montmédy was a battle of the Franco-Prussian War at the small commune of Montmédy, in the Meuse, it was besieged by the army of the German coalition. Defended by the 57th Line Infantry Regiment, the Garde Mobile and elements of other units, it surrendered on December 14, 1870.
Bob Nork
Robert P. Nork (1906 – May 11, 1983) was an American football and basketball player.

Nork was raised in Shenandoah, Pennsylvania.  He attended Georgetown University, where he was a star in both football and basketball. He played halfback for the football team and was selected by Charles E. Parker of the New York Evening Telegram as a third-team halfback on the 1927 All-America team. He played at the forward position for the basketball team. He was the leading scorer on the 1926–27 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team and captain of the 1927–28 team that compiled a 12–1 record.

Nork later worked for 40 years as a teacher, football and basketball coach, and athletic director at Shenandoah High School in Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, Garfield High School, Seton Hall Preparatory School, and Pope Pius High School in New Jersey.

Nork died in 1983 at Geisinger Medical Center in Shenandoah.  He was posthumously inducted into the Georgetown University Athletic Hall of Fame in 1985.

1926–27 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team
The 1926–27 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team represented Georgetown University during the 1926–27 NCAA college basketball season. John O'Reilly coached it in his 11th and last season as head coach. Georgetown was an independent and played its home games at Ryan Gymnasium on the Georgetown campus in Washington, D.C. It finished the season with a record of 5–4.
Valliamman cave
Valliamman Cave Temple  is a Hindu temple dedicated to the goddess Valli, consort of Murugan (Kartikeya), situated in the northeast corner of Thiruchendur Murugan Temple. In early days, the temple was situated very near to the sea shore and now due to the construction of pathways the sea get backed to some extent. It is a cave of the sandal mountain remainings.

Subramaniya Swamy Temple, Tiruchendur
Subramanya Swamy Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Hindu god Murugan, located in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu. It is one of the Six Abodes of Murugan (Arupadai Veedu), a set of foremost and sacred Hindu temples, dedicated to Murugan. It is also one of the Vaippu Sthalams.

The temple complex is located in the eastern end of the town on the shores of the Bay of Bengal. It is maintained and administered by the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu. In 2016, it was the fourth Hindu temple in Tamil Nadu to get an ISO certification. A reenactment of Surasamharam, the victory of Murugan over the asura Surapadman, is a major festival, and attracts thousands to the temple.
2000 Rose Bowl
The 2000 Rose Bowl was a college football bowl game played on January 1, 2000. It was the 86th Rose Bowl game and was played on January 1, 2000 at the Rose Bowl Stadium in Pasadena, California. The game featured the Wisconsin Badgers defeating the Stanford Cardinal by a score of 17–9. Ron Dayne, the Wisconsin running back, was named the Rose Bowl Player of the Game for the second consecutive year.

1999 Stanford Cardinal football team
The 1999 Stanford Cardinal football team represented Stanford University  as a member of the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) during 1999 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Tyrone Willingham, the Cardinal compiled an overall record of 8–4 with a mark of 7–1 in conference play, winning the Pac-10 title, the program's first since the 1971 season. Stanford earned a berth in the Rose Bowl earning its first Rose Bowl appearance since the 1971 season, and its first-ever Bowl Championship Series (BCS) appearance. The Cardinals lost to game to Wisconsin. The team played home games at Stanford Stadium in Stanford, California.
Jack Elway
John Albert Elway Sr. (May 30, 1931 – April 15, 2001) was an American football player and coach. He was the head coach at California State University, Northridge from 1976 to 1978, at San Jose State University from 1979 to 1983, and at Stanford University from 1984 to 1989, compiling a career college football record of 80–60–4. Elway also served as the head coach for the Frankfurt Galaxy of the World League of American Football (WLAF) from 1991 to 1992, tallying a mark of 10–10. He was the father of John Elway, Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback.

1979 Stanford Cardinals football team
The 1979 Stanford Cardinals football team represented Stanford University in the Pacific-10 Conference during the 1979 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by first-year head coach Rod Dowhower, the Cardinals had a 5–5–1 overall record (3–3–1 in Pac-10, sixth).

Senior starting quarterback Turk Schonert split time with freshman John Elway.

Dowhower was promoted to head coach in January; he was previously the receivers coach for two seasons under Bill Walsh, who left for the NFL's San Francisco 49ers. After the season in January 1980, Dowhower left to become the offensive coordinator with the NFL's Denver Broncos, and was succeeded by alumnus Paul Wiggin.
1979 VFA season
The 1979 VFA season was the 98th season of the top division of the Victorian Football Association (VFA), an Australian rules football competition based in the state of Victoria, and the 19th season of the VFA's second division.

The Division 1 premiership was won by the Coburg Football Club, after it defeated Geelong West in the grand final on 23 September by eight points; it was Coburg's fourth Division 1 premiership, and its first since 1928, ending a 51-year Division 1 premiership drought. The Division 2 premiership was won by Camberwell; it was the first premiership in either division ever won by the club since its admission to the Association in 1926, 53 years earlier.

Camberwell Football Club
The Camberwell Football Club, nicknamed the Cobras, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Camberwell. The club competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1926 until 1990, which was followed by three seasons in the Victorian Amateur Football Association (VAFA) before going into recess in 1995.
1929 Illinois Fighting Illini football team
The 1929 Illinois Fighting Illini football team was an American football team that represented the University of Illinois during the 1929 college football season.  In their 17th season under head coach Robert Zuppke, the Illini compiled a 6–1–1 record and finished in second place in the Big Ten Conference. Guard Russ Crane was the team captain.

Russ Crane (American football)
Russell J. Crane (1906/1907 – March 18, 1966) was an American college football player and coach and boxer. He was a prominent guard for coach Robert Zuppke's Illinois Fighting Illini, captain in 1929.

Crane was an assistant football coach at the University of Richmond from 1935 to 1938.  He turned to Richmond as line coach and head track coach in 1946.

He died of pulmonary heart disease in Monongalia County, West Virginia, on March 18, 1966, at age 59.
Arkansas Highway 230
Highway 230 (AR 230, Ark. 230, and Hwy. 230) is a designation for four state highways in Arkansas. One route of 8.15 miles (13.12 km) begins at Highway 14/Highway 25 at Locust Grove and runs east to US Highway 167 (US 167) in Southside. A second route of 13.80 miles (22.21 km) begins at US 167 in Cave City and runs east to Highway 25 in Strawberry. A third route of 16.25 miles (26.15 km) begins at Highway 367 in Alicia and runs east to US 63 Business (US 63B) in Bono. A fourth route of 7.04 miles (11.33 km) begins at US 49B and runs east to Highway 135 at Dixie. All routes are maintained by the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department (AHTD).

U.S. Route 167
U.S. Route 167 is a north-south United States Highway within the U.S. states of Louisiana and Arkansas. It runs for 500 miles (800 km) from Ash Flat, Arkansas at U.S. Route 62/U.S. Route 412 to Abbeville, Louisiana at Louisiana Highway 14. It goes through the cities of Little Rock, Arkansas, Alexandria, Louisiana, and Lafayette, Louisiana.

Some of the highway's route has been combined with or parallels Interstate 49 in Louisiana. Between Junction City, Arkansas, and Ruston, Louisiana, U.S. 167 runs concurrent with U.S. 63.
King's Medal for Champion Shots of the New Zealand Naval Forces
The King's Medal for Champion Shots of the New Zealand Naval Forces was retrospectively instituted for New Zealand in 1958, the first medal having already been awarded in 1955. The medal is a Naval counterpart of the King's Medal for Champion Shots in the Military Forces and the King's Medal for Champion Shots of the Air Forces. One medal can be awarded annually to the champion shot of a small-arms marksmanship competition held by the Royal New Zealand Navy.

The reverse of the medal and the ribbon are identical to those of the Naval Good Shooting Medal, instituted by King Edward VII in 1902 as an award for outstanding naval gunnery and discontinued in 1914. In 1966 the same medal design and ribbon were to be used again for the Queen's Medal for Champion Shots of the Royal Navy and Royal Marines.

King's Medal for Champion Shots of the Air Forces
The King's Medal for Champion Shots of the Air Forces was instituted in 1953, as an Air Force version of the Queen's Medal for Champion Shots in the Military Forces. One medal each can be awarded to the champion shot of annual small arms marksmanship competitions held by the Air Forces of the United Kingdom and those member countries of the British Commonwealth whose Governments desire to take part in the grant of the award.

The Air Forces of countries that took part at some stage include the United Kingdom's Royal Air Force, the Royal Australian Air Force, the Royal Canadian Air Force, the Royal New Zealand Air Force and the Royal Rhodesian Air Force. Today, only the United Kingdom and New Zealand still award the medal.
Steve Maronic
Steven Jesse Maronic (May 13, 1917 – May 7, 1980) was an American professional football player. He played college football at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and professionally for two season in the National Football League (NFL) with the Detroit Lions. He was drafted in the fifth round of the 1939 NFL Draft.

Maronic played as a tackle and placekicker for the North Carolina Tar Heels. In 1938, he earned All-American and All-Southern Conference honors while helping the Tar Heels to a 6–2–1 record. He played almost 60 minutes of every game in the 1938 season. Two of his strongest performances came in front of the New York media, against NYU at Yankee Stadium and Fordham at the Polo Grounds, solidifying his All-American candidacy. Maronic was successful on 13 straight points after touchdown that season.

1938 All-Southern Conference football team
The 1938 All-Southern Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by the Associated Press (AP) and United Press (UP) for the All-Southern Conference football team for the 1938 college football season.