hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Dangerfield
George Bubb Dangerfield (28 October 1904 – 27 December 1986) was a British-born American journalist, historian, and the literary editor of Vanity Fair from 1933 to 1935. He is known primarily for his book The Strange Death of Liberal England (1935), a classic account of how the Liberal Party  in Great Britain ruined itself in dealing with the House of Lords, women's suffrage, the Irish question, and labour unions, 1906–1914.  His book on the United States in the early 19th century, The Era of Good Feelings, won the 1953 Pulitzer Prize for History.

Pulitzer Prize for History
The Pulitzer Prize for History, administered by Columbia University, is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It has been presented since 1917 for a distinguished book about the history of the United States. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year. The Pulitzer Prize program has also recognized some historical work with its Biography prize, from 1917, and its General Nonfiction prize, from 1962.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, ordinarily two others beside the winner.
Inder Singh Parmar
Inder Singh Parmar (born 1964) is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is the Cabinet Minister since 25 December 2023 of Higher Education Technical Education. He is a three-time MLA representing the Bharatiya Janata Party. He won twice from Shujalpur Assembly constituency in Shajapur district after winning once from the neighbouring Kalapipal Assembly constituency in 2013. He won the 2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Shujalpur for a third term.

2013 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
A Legislative Assembly election was held on 25 November 2013 in Madhya Pradesh, India, with the result announced on 8 December. Along with four other state assembly elections, these were the first elections in which the Election Commission of India (ECI) implemented a "None of the above" (NOTA) voting option, allowing the electorate to register a neutral vote but not to outright reject candidates. In a first, the Election Commission of India also appointed Central Awareness Observers, whose main task was to oversee voter awareness and facilitation.
Mike Sprayberry
Michael A. Sprayberry is an American emergency manager who served as the Director of Emergency Management in the North Carolina Department of Public Safety from 2013 to 2021. He oversaw the state's emergency response to several major disasters including Hurricane Matthew, Hurricane Florence, and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

North Carolina Department of Public Safety
The North Carolina Department of Public Safety (NCDPS) is an umbrella agency that carries out many of the state's law enforcement, emergency response and homeland security functions. The department was created in 1977 as the Department of Crime Control and Public Safety. In 2012, the North Carolina Department of Correction and the North Carolina Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention were merged with Crime Control & Public Safety to create the new agency.

The department is headed by a secretary of public safety, who is appointed by the governor of North Carolina. The secretary is a member of the North Carolina Cabinet. The most recent Secretary Eddie Buffaloe was reaffirmed on January 5, 2025.
Dayal of Ternate
Dayal also known as Hidayatullah (Jawi: هداية الله‎; c. 1515 – December 1536) was the fourth Sultan of Ternate in Maluku. He had a short and largely nominal reign between 1529 and 1533 before fleeing Ternate due to Portuguese pressure. He later tried to create an anti-Portuguese alliance among the kings in North Maluku, but was mortally wounded in battle against the Europeans.

Sultanate of Ternate
The Sultanate of Ternate (Jawi: کسلطانن ترناتي‎), previously known as the Kingdom of Gapi, is one of the oldest Muslim kingdoms in Indonesia besides the sultanates of Tidore, Jailolo, and Bacan.

The Ternate kingdom was established by Momole Cico, the first leader of Ternate, with the title Baab Mashur Malamo, traditionally in 1257. It reached its Golden Age during the reign of Sultan Baabullah (1570–1583) and encompassed most of the eastern part of Indonesia and a part of southern Philippines. Ternate was a major producer of cloves and a regional power from the 15th to 17th centuries.

The dynasty founded by Cico continues to the present, as does the Sultanate itself, although it no longer holds any political power.
Jacinta Parejo
Jacinta Parejo de Crespo (August 16, 1845–April 16, 1914), better known as Misia Jacinta, was a Venezuelan public figure and the First Lady of Venezuela from 1884 to 1886 and from 1892 to 1898 during the presidential terms of Joaquín Crespo. Parejo was the first woman in Venezuela to intercede in official policy in a very involved fashion. She held government meetings, worked on projects of the head of state, and at times interceded on the behalf of political prisoners. Her second husband was killed in battle in 1898, and Parejo afterwards became the defender of their family's legacy. VenezuelaTuya states that the legal succession of Parejo and Crespo was "one of the biggest legal disputes of the early twentieth century in Venezuela".

Government of Venezuela
Venezuela is a federal presidential republic. The chief executive is the President of Venezuela, who is both head of state and head of government. Executive power is exercised by the President. Legislative power is vested in the National Assembly of Venezuela. Supreme judicial power is exercised by the Supreme Tribunal of Justice.
Muang Soui
Muang Soui (Lao: ເມືອງສຸຍ), also spelled Muang Souy or Muong Soui, is a small town in Xiangkhouang Province Laos. It is located on Route 7 of Laos, east of Phoukhoune district, northwest of Phonsavan and Ban Phou Pheung Noi, and north of Sam Thong, and Long Tieng.

Long Tieng
Long Tieng (also spelled Long Chieng, Long Cheng, or Long Chen) is a town in Longchaeng district, Xaisomboun Province. During the Laotian Civil War, it served as a military base for the Hmong Army, the airbase was operated by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States. During this time, it was also referred to as Lima Site 98 (LS 98) or Lima Site 20A (LS 20A).

At the height of its significance in the late 1960s, the "secret city" of Long Tieng maintained a population of 40,000 inhabitants, making it the second largest city in Laos at the time, although it never appeared on maps throughout this period.
Germania Bank Building (St. Paul)
The Germania Bank Building, later renamed the St. Paul Building, is a historic office building in downtown Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States.  It was built in 1889.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 for its local significance in the theme of architecture.  It was nominated for being Saint Paul's only surviving brownstone high-rise.

Brownstone
Brownstone is a brown Triassic–Jurassic sandstone that was historically a popular building material. The term is also used in the United States and Canada to refer to a townhouse clad in this or any other aesthetically similar material.

Brownstone was a popular building material because it is unusually easy to quarry and carve; these qualities also make structures clad in it susceptible to weathering and damage over time.
Johnny Oates
Johnny Lane Oates (January 21, 1946 – December 24, 2004) was an American professional baseball player, coach, and manager. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a catcher for the Baltimore Orioles, Atlanta Braves, Philadelphia Phillies, Los Angeles Dodgers, and New York Yankees from 1970 to 1981. During his playing career, Oates was a light-hitting player who was valued for his defensive skills and played most of his career as a reserve player. It was as a big league manager that Oates experienced his greatest success, when, under his leadership, the Texas Rangers won three American League Western Division titles.

American League West
The American League West is one of Major League Baseball's six divisions. The division has five teams as of the 2013 season, but had four teams from 1994 to 2012, and had as many as seven teams before the 1994 realignment. Although its teams currently only reside along the West Coast and in Texas, historically the division has had teams as far east as Chicago and Minnesota. From 1998 (when the NL West expanded to five teams) to 2012, the AL West was the only MLB division with four teams.
Mayumi Iizuka
Mayumi Iizuka (飯塚 雅弓, Iizuka Mayumi; born January 3, 1977) is a Japanese actress, voice actress, singer and disc jockey who was born in Tokyo. She is currently affiliated with Across Entertainment and her label is Lantis. She is an instructor at the Stay Luck training school Follow-Up. For her singing activities, she uses the alias Hoshi Mai (星 舞).

Her well-known roles as a voice actress include Kasumi (Misty) in the Pokémon series, Tron Bonne in the Mega Man Legends series and Claiomh Everlasting in the Sorcerous Stabber Orphen series.

Mega Man Legends
Mega Man Legends is a sub-series in the Mega Man franchise. While the main series is known for its 2D side-scrolling platformer gameplay with story that is told through cutscenes, this series instead features 3D action-adventure gameplay and a more detailed story.
Lee Mossop
Lee Mossop (born 17 January 1989) is an English retired professional rugby league footballer who played as a prop forward for the Salford Red Devils in the Super League and the England Knights and England at international level.

He previously played for the Wigan Warriors over two separate spells in the Super League, and on loan from Wigan at the Barrow Raiders and Workington Town in the Championship, and the Huddersfield Giants in the Super League. Mossop has also played for the Parramatta Eels in the NRL.

Barrow Raiders
The Barrow Raiders are a semi-professional rugby league team in Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England. The club play home games at Craven Park and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Barrow have never won the League Championship, their only major honour being winning the Challenge Cup in 1955.

Traditionally the club's home colours are blue and white and main rivals are fellow semi-professional Cumbrian teams Whitehaven and Workington Town.
Ujjwal Raman Singh
Ujjwal Raman Singh is an Indian politician from Indian National Congress. He is currently serving Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from Allahabad. He was former Cabinet Minister Environment Department in the Government of Uttar Pradesh. He was a member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 2004 to 2007 and 2013 to 2017 from Karachana.

He represented the Karachana constituency of Uttar Pradesh as a member of the Samajwadi Party. Ujjwal Raman Singh is the son of senior Samajwadi Party leader Rewati Raman Singh. On 2 April 2024 he joined Indian National Congress. He was elected to 18th Lok Sabha from Prayagraj.

Allahabad Lok Sabha constituency
Allahabad is a Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituency in the Prayagraj district of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Allahabad saw two MPs elected and became the prime minister. Lal Bahadur Shastri became the prime minister from 1964 to 1966. V. P. Singh was elected twice from this constituency and later went on to become the prime minister from 1989 to 1990.
Basilica of Notre-Dame des Enfants
Basilica of Notre-Dame des Enfants (French: Basilique Notre-Dame des Enfants) is a minor basilica located in Châteauneuf-sur-Cher, France. The basilica is dedicated to Our Lady of the Children and is the seat of the Archbishop of Bourges. Built from 1869 until 1879, it is largely in the Neo-Gothic architectural style and was constructed at about the same time as Basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourvière.

Archdiocese of Bourges
The Archdiocese of Bourges (Latin: Archidioecesis Bituricensis; French: Archidiocèse de Bourges) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. The Archdiocese comprises the départements of Cher and Indre in the Region of Val de Loire. Bourges Cathedral, dedicated to Saint Stephen (French: Étienne), stands in the city of Bourges in the department of Cher.  Although this is still titled as an Archdiocese, it ceased as a metropolitan see in 2002 and is now a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of Tours.
Kranj (National Assembly constituency)
Kranj, officially known as the 1st constituency (Slovene: 1. volilna enota), is one of the eight multi-member constituencies (electoral units) of the National Assembly, the national legislature of Slovenia. The constituency was established in 1992 following Slovenia's independence from Yugoslavia. It consists of the municipalities of Bled, Bohinj, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerkno, Gorenja Vas–Poljane, Gorje, Idrija, Jesenice, Jezersko, Kamnik, Komenda, Kranj, Kranjska Gora, Naklo, Preddvor, Radovljica, Šenčur, Škofja Loka, Tržič, Železniki, Žiri and Žirovnica. The constituency currently elects 11 of the 90 members of the National Assembly using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2022 parliamentary election the constituency had 208,687 registered electors.

Municipality of Jezersko
The Municipality of Jezersko (pronounced [jɛˈzɛːɾskɔ]; Slovene: Občina Jezersko pronunciationⓘ) is a municipality in northern Slovenia. In 1995, Jezersko became part of Preddvor and became an independent municipality in 1998. Originally located in the historic region of Carinthia, it became part of the Upper Carniola Statistical Region in 2005. The seat of the municipality is the town of Zgornje Jezersko.

Jezersko is located in the remote Kokra Valley in the Kamnik–Savinja Alps, south of the Seeberg Saddle mountain pass and the border with the Austrian state of Carinthia. It borders Austria.
Syro-Malankara Catholic Eparchy of the United States of America and Canada
The St. Mary, Queen of Peace Syro-Malankara Catholic Eparchy in USA and Canada is the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church eparchy of the Catholic Church for all of North America, and is home to 23 parishes and missions in different cities. The Syro-Malankara Church observes the Antiochian Rite in the Syriac language. It is immediately subject to the Major Archbishop of Trivandrum, and is not part of an ecclesiastical province. Its cathedral is the St. Vincent de Paul Syro Malankara Catholic Cathedral in Elmont, New York.

Elmont, New York
Elmont is an unincorporated hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located in northwestern Hempstead in Nassau County, New York, United States, along its border with the borough of Queens in the City of New York. The population was 35,265 at the time of the 2020 census.

The hamlet is famous for Belmont Park which hosts the Belmont Stakes, the third leg of the prestigious Triple Crown of thoroughbred racing. Elmont is also home to UBS Arena, home of the NHL's New York Islanders.

Elmont has tried incorporating itself as a village multiple times, but has been unable to successfully do so.
GDK
GDK (GIMP Drawing Kit) is a library that acts as a wrapper around the low-level functions provided by the underlying windowing and graphics systems. GDK lies between the display server and the GTK library, handling basic rendering such as drawing primitives, raster graphics (bitmaps), cursors, fonts, as well as window events and drag-and-drop functionality.

Like GTK Scene Graph Kit (GSK), GDK is part of GTK and licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).

GTK
GTK (formerly GIMP ToolKit and GTK+) is a free open-source widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs) targeted at Linux and specifically GNOME (though with some use in other desktop environments). It is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, allowing both free and proprietary software to use it.

The GTK team releases new versions on a regular basis. GTK 4 and GTK 3 are actively maintained, while GTK 2 is no longer supported. GTK 1 is independently maintained by the CinePaint project.
Chalcoscirtus lepidus
Chalcoscirtus lepidus is  a species of jumping spider in the genus Chalcoscirtus that has been found in Afghanistan, Iran, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The spider was first described in 1996 by Wanda Wesołowska, although the first male was identified three years later. The spider is small, with a carapace between 1.06 and 1.2 mm (0.04 and 0.05 in) long and an abdomen between 1.03 and 2.2 mm (0.04 and 0.09 in) long. The female is larger and lighter than the male and has three narrower stripes on the back while the male has a large scutum. In both cases, the carapace is plain. The scutum and lack of pattern on the carapace help distinguish the spider from related species. It can also be identified by its copulatory organs, particularly the long curved embolus on the male and the position of the copulatory openings on the female epigyne, which differ from the otherwise similar Chalcoscirtus infimus.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Teko people
The Teko (also called Emerillon, Emerilon, Emerion, Mereo, Melejo, Mereyo, Teco) are a Tupi–Guarani-speaking people in French Guiana living on the banks of the Camopi and Tampok rivers. Their subsistence is based on horticulture, hunting and various fishing techniques. As of 2010 they numbered about 410 individuals.

Tupi–Guarani languages
Tupi–Guarani (/tuːˈpiː ɡwɑˈrɑːni/ /ɡwɑˈɾɑ-/; Tupi-Guarani: [tuˈpi ɡwaɾaˈni]; pronunciationⓘ) is the most widely distributed subfamily of the Tupian languages of South America. It consists of about fifty languages, including Guarani and Old Tupi. The most widely spoken in modern times by far is Guarani, which is one of the two official languages of Paraguay.
Lotus 48
The Lotus 48 was a Formula 2 racing car designed by Colin Chapman and Maurice Phillippe and powered by a 1,600 cc (98 cu in) Cosworth FVA engine. It won three races in the hands of Jim Clark but was generally uncompetitive against rival machinery. Ultimately, its main claim to fame (or notoriety) is as the car in which Clark was killed at Hockenheim on 7 April 1968.

Formula Two
Formula Two (F2) is a type of open-wheel formula racing category first codified in 1948. It was replaced in 1985 by Formula 3000, but revived by the FIA from 2009 to 2012 in the form of the FIA Formula Two Championship. The name returned again in 2017 when the former GP2 Series became known as the FIA Formula 2 Championship.
Álex Bergantiños
Alejandro "Álex" Bergantiños García (born 7 June 1985) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.

He spent his entire career contracted to Deportivo, making 336 official appearances and being loaned to several other teams. He played 118 La Liga games for Deportivo and Xerez and 247 in the Segunda División for those two, Granada, Gimnàstic and Sporting de Gijón.

Gimnàstic de Tarragona
Club Gimnàstic de Tarragona, commonly known as Gimnàstic Tarragona or sometimes just Nàstic, is a Spanish sports club based in Tarragona, in the autonomous community of Catalonia. Its football team plays in Primera Federación – Group 2.

The club was founded in 1886 and is one of the oldest football clubs in Spain. It has teams competing in athletics, basketball, tennis, gymnastics, table tennis and futsal, but a football team was not formed until 1914. The team enjoyed a three-year La Liga spell in its beginnings (1947–50).

Since 1972, the team has played home games at Nou Estadi Costa Daurada, which seats 14,591 spectators.
International reactions to the Yemeni revolution
International reactions to the Yemeni revolution were not as pronounced as reactions to similar events during the Arab Spring, but a number of governments and organisations made statements on Yemen before and after the departure of longtime President Ali Abdullah Saleh from power in February 2012.

Battle of Sanaa (2011)
The Battle of Sanaa was a battle during the 2011 Yemeni uprising between forces loyal to Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh and opposition tribal forces led by Sheikh Sadiq al-Ahmar for control of the Yemeni capital Sanaa and, on the part of the opposition, to oust President Saleh.
1974 Amco Cup
The 1974 Amco Cup was the 1st edition of the NSWRFL Midweek Cup, a NSWRFL-organised national club Rugby League tournament between the leading clubs and representative teams from the NSWRFL, the CRL and the NZRL.

A total of 21 teams from across New South Wales and New Zealand played 20 matches in a straight knock-out format, with the matches being held midweek during the premiership season.

The Competition was originally going to have the 12 NSWRFL Premiership teams, the top 4 Brisbane Rugby League teams and the top 4 Country Divisional teams from the previous year. 
But when the Brisbane Rugby League teams and the winner of the 1973 CRL Championship, Newcastle declined to participate in the tournament, the remaining CRL Divisional teams, the 1973 New Zealand Inter-District Premiers, Auckland and the 1973 NSWRFL Second Division Runners-Up, Ryde-Eastwood were invited to compete instead.

Country Rugby League
The Country Rugby League of New South Wales (CRL), formed in 1934 and disbanded in 2019, was the governing body for the sport of rugby league football in areas of New South Wales outside the Sydney metropolitan area until it merged with NSW Rugby League in 2019. The CRL was superseded by 6 NSWRL Country Divisions represented by 4 members of the nine-person NSWRL board. Despite its name, the CRL also governed rugby league in the Australian Capital Territory. Apart from selecting a Country Origin side to play in the annual City vs Country Origin game, the CRL administered many senior and junior competitions across the state.
Kron Gracie
Kron Stavik Gracie (born July 11, 1988) is a Brazilian and American mixed martial artist, submission grappler, and instructor. He previously competed in the Featherweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

A member of the Gracie family of Brazilian jiu-jitsu, he is the son of 9th deg. BJJ red belt Rickson Gracie and a grandson of BJJ co-founder Hélio Gracie. Training jiu-jitsu from a very young age Gracie became a two-time IBJJF World champion and four-time Pan-American champion before receiving his black belt at the age of 19. By 2008 Gracie held a record of 51 consecutive matches won by submission at high level tournaments. After medalling at the Pan-American championship, Gracie became European champion in 2009, World championship silver medallist in 2011 and in 2013 ADCC Submission Fighting World Champion.

World IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu Championship
The World IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu Championship is a Brazilian jiu-jitsu tournament held annually by the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation. It is widely considered  the most  important and prestigious jiu-jitsu tournament of the year.

The first edition took place in February 1996 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Since 2007 the tournament has been held  in California. The last edition of the championship took place at the Walter Pyramid in Long Beach California in 2025.