hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bagbati massacre
Bagbati massacre (Bengali: বাগবাটি গণহত্যা) refers to the killings of more than 200 unarmed Bengali Hindus by the Al Badar, Pakistan Army, Razakars and Peace Committee, in the Bagbati Union of Sirajganj sub-division in the erstwhile district of greater Pabna in May 1971. After the massacre the bodies were buried or dumped in wells.

Sirajganj District
Sirajganj District (Bengali: সিরাজগঞ্জ জেলা) is a district in North Bengal, Bangladesh, it is located in Rajshahi Division. It is the 25th largest district by area and 9th largest district by population in Bangladesh. It is known as the gateway to North Bengal.

Its administrative headquarter is Sirajganj. It is famous for its hand-loom cottage industries. In 1885, Sirajganj emerged as a thana. Formerly under Mymensingh District in Dacca Division, it was transferred to Pabna District on 15 February 1866. It was upgraded to become a subdivision of Pabna in 1885. In 1984, it was upgraded to a district.
Bichu Thirumala
Bhaskaran Sivasankaran Nair, popularly known as Bichu Thirumala (13 February 1942 – 26 November 2021), was an Indian lyricist and poet. He is known for creating the style of arranging beautiful words in Malayalam film songs. In Malayalam cinema, Bichu Thirumala led the group of lyricists who wrote songs for readymade tunes. He won the Kerala State Film Award for the best lyricist two times. His prolific Malayalam film repertoire includes work with eminent composers like Shyam, G. Devarajan, V. Dakshinamurthy, M.S. Baburaj, K. Raghavan, M.S. Viswanathan, A.T. Ummer, K.J. Joy, Shankar–Ganesh, Jaya Vijaya, Raveendran, Jerry Amaldev, Johnson, Ouseppachan, Ilaiyaraaja, A. R. Rahman and the list goes on.

Shyam (composer)
Samuel Joseph (born 1937), better known as Shyam, is a music composer who works in Malayalam cinema.

From the mid-1970s to the late 1980s, Shyam had a prolific run as a composer in the Malayalam film industry, composing for nearly 200 films. Working with all major directors of the time, Shyam had scored for many hits of Jayan and the early films of Mammootty and Mohanlal.
Moruya River
The Moruya River is an open and trained mature wave dominated barrier estuary or tidal river is located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. In its upper freshwater reaches, the river is known as the Deua River.

Breakwater (structure)
A breakwater is a permanent structure constructed at a coastal area to protect against tides, currents, waves, and storm surges.  Breakwaters have been built since antiquity to protect anchorages, helping isolate vessels from marine hazards such as wind-driven waves. A breakwater, also known in some contexts as a jetty or a mole, may be connected to land or freestanding, and may contain a walkway or road for vehicle access.

Part of a coastal management system, breakwaters are installed parallel to the shore to minimize erosion. On beaches where longshore drift threatens the erosion of beach material, smaller structures on the beach  may be installed, usually perpendicular to the water's edge. Their action on waves and current is intended to slow the longshore drift and discourage mobilisation of beach material. In this usage they are more usually referred to as groynes.
Etihad Club
Etihad Club (Arabic: نادي الاتحاد) is a professional football club based in Amman, Jordan.  The club plays in the Jordan Women's Pro League, the top tier of Jordanian women's football. It also plays in the Jordanian Third Division League, the fourth tier of Jordanian men's football.

Jordan Women's Pro League
The Jordan Women's Pro League (Arabic: الدوري الأردني النسوي للمحترفات) is the highest league of women's football in Jordan. Along with the First Division, it forms the league system. It is run by the Jordan Football Association and began in 2005.

The league has been known under names throughout its history: 1st Women's League in 2005, Orange A League between 2013 and 2015, Division 1 from 2015–16 to 2018, and Jordan Women's Pro League since the 2019 season.
Steven Cliff
Steven Scott Cliff is an American atmospheric chemist and is the current Executive Officer for the California Air Resources Board since September 2022.

Cliff previously served as the 16th administrator of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. He also served as deputy executive officer of the California Air Resources Board and assistant director of sustainability in the California Department of Transportation.

Caltrans
The California Department of Transportation, branded as Caltrans, is an executive department of the U.S. state of California. The department is part of the cabinet-level California State Transportation Agency (CalSTA). Caltrans is headquartered in Sacramento.

Caltrans manages the state's highway system, which includes the California Freeway and Expressway System, supports public transportation systems throughout the state and provides funding and oversight for three state-supported Amtrak intercity rail routes (Capitol Corridor, Pacific Surfliner and Gold Runner) which are collectively branded as Amtrak California.

In 2015, Caltrans released a new mission statement: "Provide a safe, sustainable, integrated and efficient transportation system to enhance California's economy and livability."
Miakili
Miakili is a union council of Lower Dir District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Lower Dir District has 37 union councils with a population of 797,852, according to the 1998 census report. The  population growth rate of the Lower Dir District was 3.42% per annum between the 1981 and 1998 censuses.

Lower Dir District
Lower Dir District (Pashto: ښکته دير ولسوالۍ, Urdu: ضلع دیر زیریں) is a district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Timergara is the district's headquarters and largest city. The Lower Dir district was formed in 1996, when Dir District was divided into Upper Dir and Lower Dir districts. On 22 January 2023, both Lower Dir and Upper Dir districts were further bifurcated to create a new Central Dir District.

Lower Dir district borders with Swat District to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Upper Dir to the north and Malakand and Bajaur District to the south.
Private Tutor to the Duke's Daughter
Private Tutor to the Duke's Daughter (Japanese: 公女殿下の家庭教師, Hepburn: Kōjo Denka no Katei Kyōshi) is a Japanese light novel series written by Riku Nanano. The series originated on the Kakuyomu website in October 2017 before being published in print by Fujimi Shobo with illustrations by Cura, beginning in December 2018. A manga adaptation, illustrated by Tamura Mutō, began serialization on the Shōnen Ace Plus website in September 2019. An anime television series adaptation produced by Studio Blanc aired from July to September 2025.

Studio Blanc
Studio Blanc Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社スタジオブラン, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Sutajioburan) is a Japanese animation studio based in Sekimachi-kita, Nerima-ku, Tokyo. The studio was founded on September 3, 2008, by Takeshi Eriguchi. Between 2018 and 2020, the studio collaborated with Diomedéa under the brand name Ezóla.
LD Lines
LD Lines was a French shipping company, with both roro freight and passenger ferry operations.  It was a subsidiary of Louis Dreyfus Armateurs (LDA), which engages in building, owning, operating, and managing vessels.  LD Lines operated ferry routes on the English Channel, the Bay of Biscay and the Mediterranean Sea.

In 2013, part of LD Lines was spun off and merged with the English Channel operations of DFDS Seaways to form DFDS Seaways France. In September 2014, the Poole-Gijon/Santander route closed and the Norman Asturias was immediately laid up off the coast of Saint Nazaire. In mid-September 2014, the Saint Nazaire-Gijon route was suspended and the Norman Asturias was sent to Algeciras and the Norman Atlantic to Messina.

Roll-on/roll-off
Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle, such as a self-propelled modular transporter. This is in contrast to lift-on/lift-off (LoLo) vessels, which use a crane to load and unload cargo.

RORO vessels have either built-in or shore-based ramps or ferry slips that allow the cargo to be efficiently rolled on and off the vessel when in port. While smaller ferries that operate across rivers and other short distances often have built-in ramps, the term RORO is generally reserved for large seagoing vessels. The ramps and doors may be located in the stern, bow, or sides, or any combination thereof.
Ammonium cyanide
Ammonium cyanide is an unstable inorganic compound with the chemical formula NH4CN. It is the ammonium salt of hydrogen cyanide. It consists of ammonium cations NH+4 and cyanide anions CN−. Its structural formula is [NH4]+[C≡N]−.

Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen cyanide (also called prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula H−C≡N. It is a highly toxic and flammable liquid that boils slightly above room temperature, at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F). HCN is produced on an industrial scale and is a highly valued precursor to many chemical compounds ranging from polymers to pharmaceuticals. Large-scale applications are for the production of potassium cyanide and adiponitrile, used in mining and plastics, respectively. It is more toxic than solid cyanide compounds due to its volatile nature. A solution of hydrogen cyanide in water, represented as HCN(aq), is called hydrocyanic acid. The salts of the cyanide anion are known as cyanides.

Whether hydrogen cyanide is an organic compound or not is a topic of debate among chemists. It is traditionally considered inorganic, but can also be considered a nitrile, giving rise to its alternative names of methanenitrile and formonitrile.
A Wizard's Tale
A Wizard's Tale (also known as Ahí Viene Cascarrabias in Mexico and Here Comes the Grump internationally) is a 2018 animated fantasy adventure comedy film based on the DePatie–Freleng animated series, Here Comes the Grump, which originally ran from 1969 to 1970 on NBC.

Directed by Andrés Couturier and written by Jim Hecht, the film is an international co-production between Mexico, United Kingdom and India and is produced by Ánima Estudios, Prime Focus World, and GFM Animation, the film features the voices of Toby Kebbell, Lily Collins, and Ian McShane. The Spanish version stars the voices of Camila Sodi and Mauricio Barrientos "El Diablito".

It was first released in Italy on 1 March 2018. The film was later released on July 26 in Mexico and was a commercial failure.

The film was released by Blue Fox Entertainment in the United States in limited format and VOD on 14 September the same year, released as A Wizard's Tale.

Mauricio Barrientos
Mauricio Barrientos (professionally known as "El Diablito") is a Mexican actor, stand-up comedian, and writer. He is known for starring in films such as Compadres, Tod@s caen, and Un rescate de huevitos.
Football at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament – Group F
Group F of the women's football tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics was played from 21 to 25 July 1996, and included Brazil, Germany, Japan and Norway. The top two teams advanced to the Semi-finals, while the bottom two placed teams were eliminated from the competition.

All times are EST (UTC−5).

Football at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The 1996 Summer Olympics—based in Atlanta, Georgia, United States—marked the first time that women participated in the Olympic association football tournament. The tournament featured eight women's national teams from four continental confederations. The teams were drawn into two groups of four and each group played a round-robin tournament (which was held in Miami, Florida, Orlando, Florida, Birmingham, Alabama and Washington, D.C.). At the end of the group stage, the top two teams advanced to the knockout stage (which was held at Sanford Stadium in Athens, Georgia), beginning with the semi-finals and culminating with the gold medal match on August 1, 1996.

The United States became the inaugural champion after a 2–1 victory against China in the gold medal game.
Holden Utility
The Holden Utility was a coupé utility produced by Holden from 1951 to 2000, being replaced by the Holden Ute. The 50-2106, based on the 48-215 was the first Holden Coupe Utility model.

Holden briefly stopped producing the Holden Utility in 1984 with the end of the Holden WB series, restarting production in 1990 with the Holden Commodore (VN)-based Holden Utility (VG).

Holden Sandman
The Holden Sandman is a sports coupé utility and panel van produced by Holden from 1974 to 1980.

The Sandman featured elements from the Monaro GTS, including gauge cluster, steering wheel, bucket seats, and a fully furnished interior, vinyl stripes, and wheels. The guards featured a "Sandman" logo painted on B pillars, and Sandman written on the tailgate. It utilised a 4-speed manual transmission or an optional 3-speed 'Tri-Matic' automatic, both controlled through a console mounted gear stick.

The HQ and HJ Sandman models were available with the following engines: GMH '173' I6 at 118 bhp (88 kW), GMH '202' I6 at 135 bhp (101 kW), GMH '253' V8 at 185 bhp (138 kW), GMH '308' V8 at 240 bhp (179 kW).

It was released in the following series: HQ (1974), HJ (1974-76), HX (1976-77), HZ (1977)
Photoelectrochemical process
Photoelectrochemical processes are processes in photoelectrochemistry; they usually involve transforming light into other forms of energy. These processes apply to photochemistry, optically pumped lasers, sensitized solar cells, luminescence, and photochromism.

Luminescence
Luminescence can be simply defined as any emission of visible electromagnetic radiation (light) not ascribable directly to incandescence. Incandescence emerges at high temperatures due to thermal radiation; in contrast, because luminescence is often independent of temperature, it is sometimes termed cold light. However, some kinds of luminescence (e.g., candoluminescence, pyroluminescence, thermoluminescence) are associated with or require elevated temperatures. Notably, luminescence is exhibited by primary light sources (which emit light) rather than by secondary light sources (which reflect or transmit light).

Luminescence has also been defined to include all optical radiation, rather than being limited to visible radiation. In addition, it has been defined as a spontaneous emission of radiation from an electronically or vibrationally excited species not in thermal equilibrium with its environment.
Alejandra Vigo
Alejandra María Vigo (born 22 September 1957) is an Argentine trade unionist and politician, currently serving as a National Senator for Córdoba since 2021. A member of the Justicialist Party, Vigo forms part of the provincial Hacemos por Córdoba (HPC) alliance. She was previously a National Deputy from 2017 to 2021.

Vigo has previously served as a member of the provincial legislature of Córdoba, first as deputy (1999–2001), and then as legislator (2001–2007) following the 2001 reform of the Constitution of Córdoba. Vigo was also a member of the province's constitutional convention in 2001. She is married to Córdoba governor Juan Schiaretti.

Argentine Senate
The Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) or Senate, officially the Honorable Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Honorable Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) is the upper house of the National Congress of Argentina.
Second Balochistan conflict
The Second Balochistan Conflict refers to a rebellion by Nawab Nauroz Khan who took up arms in resistance to the One Unit policy, which decreased government representation for tribal leaders, from 1958 to 1959. He and his followers started a guerrilla war against Pakistan, and were arrested, charged with treason, and imprisoned in Hyderabad. Five of his family members, sons and nephews, were subsequently hanged on charges of treason and aiding in the murder of Pakistani troops. Nawab Nauroz Khan later died in captivity.

Nauroz Khan
Nawab Nauroz (Nowroz) Khan (1868?–1964), also known by Balochs as Dada (baluchi for grandfather) Nowroz, was the head of the Zarakzai (Zehri), a subject to the Khan of Kalat in Balochistan, British India (the area was not in British India until 1875). After his unsuccessful insurgency against the government of that time he was imprisoned in Kohlu jail where he died in 1964.
Frankissstein
Frankissstein: A Love Story is a 2019 novel by Jeanette Winterson. It was published on 28 May 2019 by Jonathan Cape. The novel employs speculative fiction and historical fiction to reimagine Mary Shelley's classic novel Frankenstein (1818). The story switches between Mary Shelley writing Frankenstein in Geneva, Switzerland in 1816 and the story of Ry Shelley, a transgender doctor and Victor Stein, a transhumanist, who become involved in the world of artificial intelligence and cryonics in present-day Brexit-era Britain.

It was longlisted for the 2019 Booker Prize.

Jonathan Cape
Jonathan Cape is a British publishing firm headquartered in London and founded in 1921 by Herbert Jonathan Cape, who was head of the firm until his death in 1960.

Cape and his business partner Wren Howard (1893–1968) set up the publishing house in 1921. They established a reputation for high-quality design and production and a fine list of English-language authors, fostered by the firm's editor and reader Edward Garnett. Cape's list of writers ranged from poets including Robert Frost and C. Day Lewis, to children's authors such as Roald Dahl, Hugh Lofting and Arthur Ransome, to James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, to heavyweight fiction by James Joyce and T. E. Lawrence.

After Cape's death, the firm later merged successively with three other London publishing houses. In 1987 it was taken over by Random House. Its name continues as one of Random House's British imprints.
Menhir of Beisenerbierg
The Menhir of Beisenerbierg is a three-metre-tall standing stone which stands on a hilltop at Reckange (Luxembourgish: Recken; German: Reckingen) in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. An excavation in 2001 revealed its age to be Neolithic.

Menhir
A menhir (/ˈmɛnhɪər/; from Brittonic languages: maen or men, "stone" and hir or hîr, "long"), standing stone, orthostat, or lith is a large upright stone, emplaced in the ground by humans, typically dating from the European middle Bronze Age. They can be found individually as monoliths, or as part of a group of similar stones. Menhirs' sizes can vary considerably, but they often taper toward the top.

Menhirs are found across Europe, Africa, and Asia, with a concentration in Western Europe, notably in Ireland, Great Britain, and Brittany. Theories concerning their purpose remain speculative, with hypotheses ranging from druidic rituals to territorial markers or elements of an ideological system. Some menhirs feature engravings, including anthropomorphic figures and symbols, and are often associated with ancient religious ceremonies and burial chambers.
Tenzin Dalai Khan
Tenzin Dalai Khan (Mongolian: ᠭᠣᠨᠴᠣᠭᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ gončuɣ dalai qaɣan, Гончиг Далай Хаан Gonchig Dalai Khaan, died 1696 or 1701) was the third khan of the Khoshut Khanate and protector-king of Tibet. He ruled from 1668 to 1696 (or 1701), in the time of the Fifth and Sixth Dalai Lamas.

5th Dalai Lama
The 5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso (Tibetan: ངག་དབང་བློ་བཟང་རྒྱ་མཚོ་, Wylie: Ngag-dbang blo-bzang rgya-mtsho) (1617–1682) was recognized as the 5th Dalai Lama, and he became the first Dalai Lama to hold both Tibet's political and spiritual leadership roles.

He is often referred to simply as the Great Fifth, being the key religious and temporal leader of Tibetan Buddhism and Tibet. He is credited with unifying all of Tibet under the Ganden Phodrang, after Gushri Khan's successful military interventions.

As an independent head of state, he established priest and patron relations with both Mongolia and the Qing dynasty simultaneously, and had positive relations with other neighboring countries.

He began the custom of meeting early European explorers.

The 5th Dalai Lama built the Potala Palace, and also wrote 24 volumes' worth of scholarly and religious works on a wide range of subjects.
2010 Karachi riots
The 2010 Karachi riots started on August 3, 2010, after the assassination of Parliament member Raza Haider,  a member of the Muttahida Qaumi Movement political party, on the night of August 2, 2010, in Karachi, Pakistan. The Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) blamed the Awami National Party, it's political rival, for the killing. Haider, was killed as he attended a funeral at a mosque.

By August 6 at least 90 people were killed in reprisal attacks and more than 100 people injured in widespread violence that engulfed the city. Economic losses over two days of riots were estimated to be about 17 billion Pakistani rupees (approximately 200 million USD).

Pakistani rupee
The Pakistani rupee (Urdu: روپیہ; ISO code: PKR; symbol: 𞱱; abbreviation: Re (singular) and Rs (plural)) is the official currency of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. It is divided into one hundred paise (Urdu: پیسہ); however, paisa-denominated coins have not been legal tender since 2013. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the State Bank of Pakistan. It was officially adopted by the Government of Pakistan in 1949. Earlier the coins and notes were issued and controlled by the Reserve Bank of India until 1949, when it was handed over to the Government and State Bank of Pakistan, by the Government and Reserve Bank of India.

In Pakistani English, large values of rupees are counted in thousands; lac (hundred thousands); crore (ten-millions); arab (billion); kharab (hundred billion). Numbers are still grouped in thousands.
Mannosidosis
Mannosidosis is a deficiency in mannosidase, an enzyme. There are two types: alpha-mannosidosis and beta-mannosidosis. Both disorders are related to the lysosome and have similar presentation; the former is caused by defective lysosomal α-mannosidase and the latter by defective lysosomal β-mannosidase. In both cases, the defect causes accumulation of oligosaccharides rich in mannose in the neural tissue and organ tissue. Both alpha- and beta-mannosidosis are known to result from autosomal recessive genetic mutations.

Alpha-mannosidosis
Alpha-mannosidosis is a lysosomal storage disorder, first described by Swedish physician Okerman in 1967. In humans it is known to be caused by an autosomal recessive genetic mutation in the gene MAN2B1, located on chromosome 19, affecting the production of the enzyme alpha-D-mannosidase, resulting in its deficiency. Consequently, if both parents are carriers, there will be a 25% chance with each pregnancy that the defective gene from both parents will be inherited, and the child will develop the disease. There is a two in three chance that unaffected siblings will be carriers (Figure 1). In livestock alpha-mannosidosis is caused by chronic poisoning with swainsonine from locoweed.
Russian patrol ship Ivan Susanin
Ivan Susanin (Russian: Иван Сусанин) is a Soviet and later Russian Navy icebreaking patrol ship. It was the first of eight Project 97P patrol ships built by Admiralty Shipyard in Leningrad in 1973–1981.

Admiralty Shipyards
The JSC Admiralty Shipyards (Russian: Адмиралтейские верфи) (formerly Soviet Shipyard No. 194) is one of the oldest and largest shipyards in Russia, located in Saint Petersburg. The shipyard's building ways can accommodate ships of up to 70,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT), 250 metres (820 ft) in length and 35 metres (115 ft) in width. Military products include naval warships such as nuclear and diesel-powered submarines and large auxiliaries.