hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maughold (village)
Maughold (Manx: Maghal), often referred to as Maughold Village, is a small village in the parish of the same name in the east of the Isle of Man. Situated at a sharp bend on the A15 just inland from the coast at Maughold Head and about 3 miles east of Ramsey, the settlement is centred around Kirk Maughold Parish Church and churchyard, with a handful of dwellings on either side.

Maughold Village Green hosts events such as Maughold Parish Day.

Maughold Head
Maughold Head is the easternmost point of the Isle of Man and the closest point in the Isle of Man to England, being 50 kilometres (31 mi) from St. Bees Head in Cumbria.

Maughold Head lies in the northeast of the island, some 5 kilometres (3 mi) from Ramsey, at the southern end of Ramsey Bay.
Frank Ross (Scottish politician)
Frank Ross (born 1959) is a Scottish politician who served as Lord Provost of Edinburgh from April 2017 until May 2022. A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), he has been a councillor for the Corstorphine/Murrayfield ward in the City of Edinburgh Council since 2012.

Born in London, England, Ross moved to Glasgow before attending school in Edinburgh. He attended the Edinburgh Napier University, earning a BA in Business Studies. He is a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants. In the 2012 Scottish local elections, he was elected to represent the Corstorphine/Murrayfield ward. Ross served as Deputy Leader of the council before being elected as Lord Provost in April 2017.

Edinburgh Napier University
Edinburgh Napier University (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Napier Dhùn Èideann) is a public university in Edinburgh, Scotland. Napier Technical College, the predecessor of the university, was founded in 1964, taking its name from 16th-century Scottish mathematician and philosopher John Napier. The technical college was inaugurated as a university in 1992 by Lord Douglas-Hamilton, becoming Napier University. In 2009, the university was renamed Edinburgh Napier University.

The university is based around its three main Edinburgh campuses: Merchiston, Craiglockhart, and Sighthill. It has over 21,000 students, including those on-campus in Scotland and others studying transnational programmes abroad and online. In 2018 this included nearly 9,500 international and EU students, from more than 140 nations worldwide.

Sue Rigby replaced Andrea Nolan as Principal and Vice Chancellor in January 2025.
Fencing at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's foil
The men's foil was one of eight fencing events on the fencing at the 1988 Summer Olympics programme. It was the twentieth appearance of the event. The competition was held from 20 to 21 September 1988. 68 fencers from 29 nations competed. Nations had been limited to three fencers each since 1928. The event was won by Stefano Cerioni of Italy, the nation's second consecutive and seventh overall (matching France for most all-time) victory in the men's foil. Cerioni was the ninth man to win multiple medals in the event. Udo Wagner earned East Germany's first medal in the event with his silver, while Aleksandr Romankov's bronze put the Soviet Union back on the podium after a one-Games absence caused by the boycott. Romankov also became the third man to win three medals in the event.

Alexandr Romankov
Alexandr Anatolyevich Romankov (Belarusian: Аляксандр Анатольевіч Раманькоў, romanized: Alyaksandr Anatolyevich Ramankow; Russian: Александр Анатольевич Романьков, romanized: Aleksandr Anatolyevich Romankov) is a former Belarusian fencer from the former Soviet Union, who was born on 7 November 1953 in the town of Korsakov on the island of Sakhalin (just north of Japan). He trained at Dynamo in Minsk and won a gold medal, two silver medals and two bronze medals at the three Olympic Games that he competed in between 1976 and 1988 ) .
Odessa A'zion
Odessa Zion Segall Adlon (/ˈædlɒn/ AD-lon; born June 17, 2000), known professionally as Odessa A'zion (/əˈzaɪɒn/ ə-ZY-on), is an American actress. On television, she is known for her roles in the CBS series Fam (2019), the Netflix series Grand Army (2020) and the HBO series I Love LA (2025). For her performance in the film Marty Supreme (2025), she was nominated for an Actor Award and a British Academy Film Award. Her other films include Hellraiser (2022), The Inhabitant (2022), Sitting in Bars with Cake (2023), Fresh Kills (2024) and Until Dawn (2025).

Actor Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
The Actor Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture (formerly Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role) is an award presented annually by SAG-AFTRA. It has been presented since the 1st Screen Actors Guild Awards in 1995 to a female actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role in a film released that year.

The award has been presented 30 times, with 30 actresses winning the award. Dianne Wiest was the award's first winner for Bullets over Broadway (1994). The most recent winner is Zoe Saldaña who won for her performance in Emilia Pérez (2024). Kate Winslet has won the award twice; no other actress has won it more than once. Cate Blanchett has the most nominations with five, with one win. At the 4th Screen Actors Guild Awards, Kim Basinger and Gloria Stuart both received the award; the only time this category has been tied.
Sclerolaena hostilis
Sclerolaena hostilis is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae, native to Western Australia. It was first described in 1904 by Ludwig Diels as Bassia hostilis, but was transferred to the genus, Sclerolaena in 1921 by Karel Domin.

(Australian authorities still place the genus Sclerolaena in the Chenopodiaceae family.)

It is found in north-western Western Australia between Roebourne and Nullagine, along creeks and stony plains.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Gerhard Andrey
Gerhard Andrey (born 21 January 1976) is a Swiss entrepreneur and politician who currently serves as a member of the Swiss National Council for the canton of Fribourg. A member of the Green Party of Switzerland Andrey was the Green Party's candidate for Federal Council in the 2023 Federal Council election to unseat incumbent FDP federal councillors, which did not succeed.

Fribourg
Fribourg or Freiburg is the capital of the Swiss canton of Fribourg and district of La Sarine. Located on both sides of the river Saane/Sarine, on the Swiss Plateau, it is a major economic, administrative and educational centre on the cultural border between German-speaking and French-speaking Switzerland. Its Old City, one of the best-maintained in Switzerland, sits on a small rocky hill above the valley of the Sarine. In 2018, it had a population of 38,365.
Intelius
Intelius, Inc. is an American public records business headquartered in Seattle, Washington. It provides information services, including people and property search, background checks and reverse phone lookup. Users also have the ability to perform reverse address lookups to find people using Intelius’ services and an address. Intelius, founded by former InfoSpace executives, was started in 2003. It is owned and operated by PeopleConnect, Inc.

Background check
A background check is a process used by an organisation or person to verify that an individual is who they claim to be, and check their past record to confirm education, employment history, and other activities, and for a criminal record. The frequency, purpose, and legitimacy of background checks vary among countries, industries, and individuals. An employment background check typically takes place when someone applies for a job, but it can also happen at any time the employer deems necessary. A variety of methods are used to complete these checks, including comprehensive database search and letters of reference.
DBFS
dBFS or dB FS (decibels relative to full scale) is a unit of measurement for amplitude levels in digital systems, such as pulse-code modulation (PCM), which have a defined maximum peak level. The unit is similar to the units dBov and decibels relative to overload (dBO).

The level of 0 dBFS is assigned to the maximum possible digital level. For example, a signal that reaches 50% of the maximum level has a level of −6 dBFS, which is 6 dB below full scale. Conventions differ for root mean square (RMS) measurements, but all peak measurements smaller than the maximum are negative levels.

A digital signal that does not contain any samples at 0 dBFS can still clip when converted to analog form due to the signal reconstruction process interpolating between samples. This can be prevented by careful digital-to-analog converter circuit design. Measurements of the true inter-sample peak levels are notated as dBTP or dB TP (decibels true peak).

Clipping (audio)
Clipping is a form of waveform distortion that occurs when an amplifier is overdriven and attempts to deliver an output voltage or current beyond its maximum capability. Driving an amplifier into clipping may cause it to output power in excess of its power rating.

In the frequency domain, clipping produces strong harmonics in the high-frequency range (as the clipped waveform comes closer to a square wave).  The extra high-frequency weighting of the signal could make tweeter damage more likely than if the signal were not clipped.

In most cases, the distortion associated with clipping is unwanted, and is visible on an oscilloscope even if it is inaudible. However, clipping is often used in music for artistic effect, particularly guitar-dominant genres like blues, rock, and metal.
Nangavalli
Nangavalli is a panchayat town in Mettur taluk of Salem district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is one of the 31 panchayat towns in the district. Spread across an area of 8.13 km2 (3.14 sq mi), it had a population of 10,809 individuals as per the 2011 census.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Sean Spencer (fighter)
Sean Tyrone Spencer (born June 25, 1987) is an American mixed martial artist currently competing in the Welterweight division of the Legacy Fighting Alliance. A professional since 2009, he has also competed for the UFC, Bellator, and Legacy FC.

Legacy Fighting Alliance
The Legacy Fighting Alliance (LFA) is an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion company based in Houston, Texas. It was created as a result of the Legacy Fighting Championship and Resurrection Fighting Alliance merger in 2016.
Missile combat crew
A missile combat crew (MCC), is a team of highly trained specialists, often called missilemen, or missileers, staffing Intermediate Range and Intercontinental ballistic missile systems (IRBMs and ICBMs, respectively). In the United States, personnel, officially coded as Nuclear and Missile Operations Officers (AFSC 13NX), of the United States Air Force, operate underground missile systems at launch control centers located throughout the country. There are also a select few missileers that have the chance to become part of a Missile Combat Crew-Airborne (MCC-A) operating the Airborne Launch Control System which provides a survivable launch capability for the Minuteman ICBM force. Crew size varies among the different missile systems, but the number is always greater than one, to abide by USSTRATCOM's two-man rule for positive control of nuclear weapons.

Airborne Launch Control System
The Airborne Launch Control System (ALCS) provides a survivable launch capability for the United States Air Force's LGM-30G Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) force. The ALCS is operated by airborne missileers from Air Force Global Strike Command's (AFGSC) 625th Strategic Operations Squadron (STOS) and United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM). The system is located on board the United States Navy's E-6B Mercury, which serves as USSTRATCOM's "Looking Glass" Airborne Command Post (ABNCP). The ALCS crew is integrated into the ABNCP battle staff and is on alert around the clock.
Coventry Airport
Coventry Airport (IATA: CVT, ICAO: EGBE) is located three nautical miles (six kilometres) south-southeast of Coventry city centre, in the village of Baginton, Warwickshire, England. The airport is operated and licensed by Coventry Airport Limited. Its CAA Ordinary Licence (Number P902) allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction.

In October 2017, Coventry Airport underwent transition to a general aviation aerodrome offering a flight information service.

In December 2025, it was announced the airport would permanently close in June 2026, to be replaced with a battery gigafactory.

Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)
The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) is the statutory corporation which oversees and regulates all aspects of civil aviation in the United Kingdom. Its areas of responsibility include:

Supervising the issuing of pilots and aircraft engineers licences, testing of equipment, calibrating of navaids, and many other inspections (Civil Aviation Flying Unit).

Managing the regulation of security standards, including vetting of all personnel in the aviation industry (Directorate of Aviation Security).

Overseeing the national protection scheme for customers abroad in the event of a travel company failure (Air Travel Organisers' Licensing – ATOL).

Licensing of spaceflight activities in the UK. This includes: Launch, Range Control, Orbital Operators, and Spaceport licence issuing (Space Industry Act 2018).

The CAA is a public corporation of the Department for Transport, liaising with the government via the Standards Group of the Cabinet Office.
Wales in the Middle Ages
Wales in the Middle Ages covers the history of the country that is now called Wales, from the departure of the Romans in the early fifth century to the annexation of Wales into the Kingdom of England in the early sixteenth century. This period of about 1,000 years saw the development of regional Welsh kingdoms, Celtic conflict with the Anglo-Saxons, reducing Celtic territories, and conflict between the Welsh and the Anglo-Normans from the 11th century.

Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542
The Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 (Welsh: Y Deddfau Cyfreithiau yng Nghymru 1535 a 1542), or the Acts of Union (Welsh: Y Deddfau Uno), were acts of the Parliament of England under King Henry VIII of England causing Wales to be incorporated into the realm of the Kingdom of England.

The legal system of England and the norms of English administration, including the use of the English language only, were applied to a mainly Welsh-speaking Wales. This created a single state and legal jurisdiction, which is now called England and Wales.

In 1284, with the Statute of Rhuddlan, England had annexed Wales, which was excluded from parliamentary representation in Westminster. Wales was divided between the Principality of Wales and many feudal territories called the marcher Lordships, which were effectively unified under the laws. The English system of county government was also extended across all of Wales.
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a cause of major economic losses to goat producers in Africa, Asia and the Middle East.

Disease is caused by members of the Mycoplasma – usually Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum but sometimes by M. mycoides subsp. capri or M. mycoides subsp. mycoides. It is extremely contagious with very high morbidity and mortality rates, causing an interstitial fibrinous pleuropneumonia in infected goats.  Infection is spread by close-contact aerosol, therefore overcrowding and confinement increases disease incidence. Stress factors such as malnutrition and long transport can also predispose animals to disease.

Goats are the only species affected, therefore the disease is not a zoonosis. There is no age breed or sex predilection, but clinical signs are often worse in younger animals.

Mycoplasma mycoides
Mycoplasma mycoides is a bacterial species of the genus Mycoplasma in the class Mollicutes.
This microorganism is a parasite that lives in ruminants. Mycoplasma mycoides is a bacterial species with two subspecies: M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, which causes contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in cattle, and M. mycoides subsp. capri, which causes contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in goats.
2015–16 PSA World Tour
The PSA World Tour 2015 is the international squash tour organised circuit organized by the Professional Squash Association (PSA) for the 2015 men's and women's squash season. The most important tournament in the series is the World Championship held in Bellevue, Washington in the United States. The tour features three categories of regular events, World Series, which feature the highest prize money and the best fields, International and Challenger.

In November 2014, the Women's Squash Association and the Professional Squash Association announced a historic merge between the two associations. A decision was reached that will see the Professional Squash Association operate as the governing body for both the women's and men's ranks from January 1, 2015.

Professional Squash Association
The Professional Squash Association, or simply the PSA, is the governing body for the men's and women's professional squash circuit. The body operates in a similar fashion to the ATP and the WTA for tennis. The PSA's highest professional level, the PSA Squash Tour involves over 250 tournaments annually around the world. Over 1,200 players from five continents and more than 60 countries are registered with the PSA. Rankings are updated weekly based on performances.
Brian McGinty
Brian McGinty (born 10 December 1976) is a Scottish former professional footballer. After beginning his career with Rangers in the Scottish Football League Premier Division he later played league football in both Scotland and England.

Scottish Football League Premier Division
The Scottish Football League Premier Division was, from 1975 until 1998, the top division of the Scottish Football League and the entire Scottish football league system. It lay above the Scottish Football League First, Second and (from 1994) Third divisions.
The Kid Comes Back
The Kid Comes Back is a 1938 American sports film directed by B. Reeves Eason and starring Wayne Morris, Barton MacLane, June Travis and "Slapsie Maxie" Rosenbloom.  The title may be meant to remind audiences of Kid Galahad, a smash hit prizefight movie released the previous year starring Edward G. Robinson, Bette Davis, Humphrey Bogart, and Wayne Morris in the title role as a young boxer very similar to his part in The Kid Comes Back.

Maxie Rosenbloom
Max Everitt Rosenbloom (November 6, 1906 – March 6, 1976) was an American professional boxer, actor, and television personality. Nicknamed "Slapsy Maxie", he was inducted into The Ring's Boxing Hall of Fame in 1972, the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1984, the World Boxing Hall of Fame in 1985, and the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1993. He was sometimes billed as Slapsy Maxie Rosenbloom for film appearances.
Religious views on smoking
Religious views on smoking vary widely. Indigenous peoples of the Americas have traditionally used tobacco for religious purposes, while Abrahamic and other religions have only been introduced to the practice in recent times due to the European colonization of the Americas in the 16th century.

Abrahamic religions
The Abrahamic religions are a set of monotheistic religions that respect or admire the religious figure Abraham, namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, though the term also often encompasses several smaller faiths. The religions of this set share doctrinal, historical, and geographic overlap that contrasts them with Indian religions, Iranian religions, and East Asian religions. The term, introduced in the 20th century, replaced "Judeo-Christian" to include Islam as an Abrahamic religion and acknowledge differences between Judaism and Christianity. However, it has been criticized for oversimplifying cultural and doctrinal nuances.
Alex Lee (comedian)
Alexandra Clair Lee is an Australian comedian, writer, actor, and television presenter. She has appeared in a range of comedy television series on the ABC and SBS, including The Feed and several programs by The Chaser team. She is also the host of the ABC quiz show Win the Week, starring alongside Craig Reucassel.

Craig Reucassel
Craig Bruce Reucassel is an Australian 
radio and television presenter and comedian. He is currently the presenter of Breakfast on ABC Radio Sydney.

He was an original member of the satirical team, The Chaser.
Ventricular aneurysm
Ventricular aneurysms are one of the many complications that may occur after a heart attack. The word aneurysm refers to a bulge or 'pocketing' of the wall or lining of a vessel commonly occurring in the blood vessels at the base of the septum, or within the aorta. In the heart, they usually arise from a patch of weakened tissue in a ventricular wall, which swells into a bubble filled with blood. This, in turn, may block the passageways leading out of the heart, leading to severely constricted blood flow to the body. Ventricular aneurysms can be fatal. They are usually non-rupturing because they are lined by scar tissue.

A left ventricular aneurysm can be associated with ST elevation.

Ventricle (heart)
A ventricle is one of two large chambers located toward the bottom of the heart that collect and expel blood towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs. The blood pumped by a ventricle is supplied by an atrium, an adjacent chamber in the upper heart that is smaller than a ventricle. Interventricular means between the ventricles (for example the interventricular septum), while intraventricular means within one ventricle (for example an intraventricular block).

In a four-chambered heart, such as that in humans, there are two ventricles that operate in a double circulatory system: the right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circulation to the lungs, and the left ventricle pumps blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta.
OneAPI (compute acceleration)
oneAPI is an open standard, adopted by Intel, for a unified application programming interface (API) intended to be used across different computing accelerator (coprocessor) architectures, including GPUs, AI accelerators and field-programmable gate arrays. It is intended to eliminate the need for developers to maintain separate code bases, multiple programming languages, tools, and workflows for each architecture.

oneAPI competes with other GPU computing stacks: CUDA by Nvidia and ROCm by AMD.

SYCL
SYCL (pronounced "sickle") is a higher-level programming model to improve programming productivity on various hardware accelerators. It is a single-source embedded domain-specific language (eDSL) based on pure C++17. It is a standard developed by Khronos Group, announced in March 2014.