hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Cartoons that Shook the World
The Cartoons that Shook the World is a 2009 book by Brandeis University professor Jytte Klausen about the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy. Klausen contends that the controversy was deliberately stoked up by people with vested interests on all sides, and argues against the view that it was based on a cultural misunderstanding about the depiction of Muhammad. The book itself caused controversy before its publication when Yale University Press removed all images from the book, including the controversial cartoons themselves and some other images of Muhammad.

Jytte Klausen
Jytte Klausen (born 21 February 1954) is a Danish-born scholar of politics who teaches at Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts as the Lawrence A. Wien Professor of International Cooperation in the Department of Politics. Klausen has also served as an affiliate at the Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies at Harvard, among other positions.

Klausen is a graduate of the University of Aarhus in Denmark, and earned her doctorate at the New School for Social Research in New York City. Her background is in comparative historical research with a focus on Western Europe and North America. She also has expertise in domestic and international terrorism, Islam in the West, and immigration and social cohesion.
Neuhof (Switzerland)
Neuhof is an agricultural domain located in the municipality of Birr in the Swiss canton of Aargau. The estate has operated as a reform school since 1914, with a capacity of 40 students. The property is historically significant as the site where educational reformer Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi established his first educational institute and wrote several of his major works.

Birr, Aargau
Birr is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau and the capital of Brugg (district). The village lies halfway between Lenzburg and Brugg. Birr has grown with its neighbour Lupfig into a conurbation.

Birr is known as one of the places where the Swiss educator Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi established new standards in education. His gravesite in Birr is listed as a heritage site of national significance.
Pluck railway station
Pluck railway station served Pluck in County Donegal, Ireland.

The station opened on 1 December 1883 when the Londonderry and Lough Swilly Railway built their line from Londonderry Graving Dock to Letterkenny (LLS).

It closed for passengers on 3 June 1940.

It remained open for freight until 10 August 1953.

Londonderry and Lough Swilly Railway
The Londonderry and Lough Swilly Railway Company (The L&LSR, the Swilly) was an Irish public transport and freight company that operated in parts of County Londonderry and County Donegal between 1853 and 2014.

Established in the Victorian era and incorporated in June 1853, the L&LSR operated 99 miles of railways at its peak. With its rail services struggling to be profitable, it began a transition to bus and road freight services in 1929 and closed its last railway line in July 1953.

As it continued to operate bus services under the name Lough Swilly Bus Company into the 21st century, the L&LSR became the oldest railway company in the world to continue trading as a commercial concern. However, following a High Court petition by HM Revenue and Customs, the company went into liquidation, operating its final bus services on 19 April 2014.
The Duchess of Benameji (play)
The Duchess of Benameji (Spanish:La duquesa de Benamejí) is a 1932 Spanish play written by the brothers Antonio and Manuel Machado. In 1949 the play was turned into a large budget film The Duchess of Benameji directed by Luis Lucia Mingarro.

The Duchess of Benameji (film)
The Duchess of Benameji (Spanish: La duquesa de Benamejí) is a 1949 Spanish historical drama film directed by Luis Lucia and starring Amparo Rivelles. The film is set in the nineteenth century, with Rivelles playing dual roles as a countess and a gypsy. The film was an expensive costume production by Spain's largest studio CIFESA. It is an adaptation of the 1932 play of the same name by Antonio and Manuel Machado. Before its release, the censor demanded that it be rewritten to more overtly punish bandits.
Iowa Western Community College
Iowa Western Community College is a public community college in Council Bluffs, Iowa, United States. The college was founded in 1966 and offers 84 programs in both vocational and technical areas as well as in liberal arts. It is also home to a flight school.

Council Bluffs, Iowa
Council Bluffs is a city in and the county seat of Pottawattamie County, Iowa, United States. Located on the east bank of the Missouri River, it sits across from Omaha, Nebraska. The city had a population of 62,799 at the 2020 census, making it the tenth-most populous city in Iowa and the largest in Southwest Iowa. Council Bluffs is also a principal city in the Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area.

Until about 1853, Council Bluffs was known as Kanesville. Kanesville was the historic starting point of the Mormon Trail. Kanesville is also the northernmost anchor town of the other emigrant trails because there was a steam-powered boat which ferried the settlers' wagons and cattle across the Missouri River. In 1869, the first transcontinental railroad to California was connected to the existing U.S. rail network at Council Bluffs.
Jessica Burkhart
Jessica Ashley (born January 29, 1987), better known by her pen name Jessica Burkhart, is an American author. Burkhart works primarily in the tween fiction genre, and is the writer of the Canterwood Crest series of novels.

Canterwood Crest
Canterwood Crest is a series of novels by Jessica Burkhart. The series follows middle school students at Canterwood Crest Academy, an elite boarding school for highly competitive equestrian riders. It begins by following Sasha Silver, a transfer student at Canterwood Crest. While attending Canterwood, Sasha encounters a disparate collection of students, including snobbish alpha rider Heather Fox and her eventual love interest Jacob. Throughout the series, the team members work together amidst a slew of personality clashes and romantic conflicts. In later books, the series switches focus to new characters Drew Adams and Lauren Towers.
Otto Tausig
Otto Tausig (13 February 1922 – 10 October 2011) was an Austrian writer, director and actor. Although he usually appeared in German language films, he also played in English language films such as Love Comes Lately, and in French language films such as La Reine Margot and Place Vendôme.

DEFA
DEFA (Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft) was the state-owned film studio of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) throughout the country's existence. Since 2019, DEFA's film heritage has been made accessible and licensable on the PROGRESS archive platform. The DEFA Foundation is a non-profit organisation that was established in order to preserve the films in the DEFA library as well as the film studios, and make them accessible to the public.
Vennbahn
The Vennbahn (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛnbaːn], "Fen Railway") is a former railway line that was built partly across what was then German territory by the Prussian state railways. It is now entirely in Belgium, because the trackbed of the line, as well as the stations and other installations, were made provisional Belgian territory in 1919 (permanent in 1922) under an article of the Treaty of Versailles.

This created six small exclaves of Germany on the line's western side, of which five remain. The treaty (not the location of the trackbed, per se) also created one small Belgian counter-enclave, a traffic island inside a three-way German road intersection near Fringshaus which lasted until 1949.

The route is now a cycle way.

Rail trail
A rail trail or railway walk is a shared-use path on a railway right of way. Rail trails are typically constructed after a railway has been abandoned and the track has been removed; in addition, rails with trails share the rail corridor with active railways, light rail or with disused track. As shared-use paths, rail trails are primarily for non-motorised traffic including pedestrians, bicycles, horseback riders, skaters and cross-country skiers, although snowmobiles and all-terrain vehicles may be allowed. The characteristics of abandoned railways lend themselves to rail trails and account for their popularity; these include gentle grades, well-engineered rights of way and structures (bridges and tunnels), and passage through historical areas. Many rail trails are long-distance trails, while some shorter rail trails are known as greenways or linear parks.
2000 Croke Cup
The 2000 Croke Cup was the 49th staging of the Croke Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1944. The competition ran from 2 April to 16 April 2000.

St Flannan's College were the defending champions.

The final was played on 16 April 2000 at MacDonagh Park in Nenagh, between St Kieran's College and St Flannan's College, in what was their ninth meeting in the final overall and a second consecutive meeting. St Kieran's College won the match by 1–10 to 0–09 to claim a record-breaking 14th Croke Cup title overall and a first title in four years.

Eoin Kelly was the top scorer with 0-13.

Dr Croke Cup
The All-Ireland Post-Primary Schools Croke Cup, is an annual inter-schools hurling competition organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association. It is the highest inter-schools hurling competition in Ireland, and has been contested every year, except on two occasions, since 1944.

The All-Ireland final, usually held in March, serves as the culmination of a knockout series of games played in February and March. Currently, qualification for the All-Ireland series is limited to teams competing in Connacht, Leinster and Munster. Eligible players must be under the age of 19.

The title has been won at least once by 17 different schools, nine of which have won the title more than once. The all-time record-holders are St Kieran's College, who have won the competition 24 times.

St Kieran's College are the current champions, having beaten St. Raphael's College by 0-26 to 1-18 in the 2024 All-Ireland final.
Peter Hylenski
Peter Hylenski (born 1975 or 1976) is an American stage sound designer. He has been nominated for the Tony Award for Best Sound Design ten times, holding the record for most nominations in the category, and has won once, at the 74th Tony Awards with Moulin Rouge! The Musical.

Moulin Rouge! (musical)
Moulin Rouge! The Musical is a jukebox musical with a book by John Logan. The musical is based on the 2001 film Moulin Rouge! directed by Baz Luhrmann and written by Luhrmann and Craig Pearce. Moulin Rouge! is set in Paris during the Belle Epoque; it follows Christian, a young composer, who falls in love with Satine, a courtesan and the star of the Moulin Rouge cabaret.

The musical premiered on July 10, 2018, at the Emerson Colonial Theatre in Boston. Moulin Rouge! began performances on Broadway at the Al Hirschfeld Theatre, in June 2019, with an official opening on July 25. The production was nominated for 14 Tony Awards, winning 10 (the most that year), including Best Musical. Moulin Rouge! continues its run in New York and has been produced for long runs around the world, including in the West End, beginning in 2021.
Paul Whitin
Paul Whitin (1767 – 1831) was an American blacksmith and pioneering industrialist who in 1826 in Northbridge, Massachusetts established P Whitin and Sons, a new cotton mill with his sons. This company would grow and acquire other mills in the area. In 1831 his son John C Whitin obtained a patent for a mechanized Cotton Picker. Textile machinery would become a larger percentage of their business over time. would later become the largest maker of specialty textile machinery in the world.

Whitinsville, Massachusetts
Whitinsville is an unincorporated village within the town of Northbridge in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Whitinsville is a census-designated place (CDP) and its population was 6,750 at the 2020 census. Whitinsville is pronounced as if it were spelled "White-ins-ville." It was founded by the Whitin family, after whom it is also named. It is a post office jurisdiction, with a ZIP Code of 01588. It is located on the Mumford River, a tributary of the Blackstone River.

Whitinsville has been designated as a mill village of national historic significance to America's earliest industrialization, and is one of only four villages selected by the John H. Chaffee Blackstone River Valley National Historic Corridor Commission to receive this designation. Hopedale is the only other Massachusetts mill village to achieve this designation by the corridor commission.
Two-coloured caecilian
The two-coloured caecilian (Epicrionops bicolor) is a species of caecilian in the family Rhinatrematidae found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, and intermittent rivers.

Rhinatrematidae
Rhinatrematidae is a family of caecilians, also known as the Neotropical tailed caecilians, American tailed caecilians. or beaked caecilians. They are found in the equatorial countries of South America.

They are usually regarded as the most basal of the caecilian families, with numerous characteristics lacking in the other groups. For example, they still possess tails, and their mouths are not recessed on the underside of their heads. They lay their eggs in cavities in the soil. The larvae have external gills, and live in seepage areas until they metamorphose. The adults live in moist soil and leaf litter.
Nitarsone
Nitarsone is an organoarsenic compound that is used in poultry production as a feed additive to increase weight gain, improve feed efficiency, and prevent histomoniasis (blackhead disease). It is marketed as Histostat by Zoetis.

Nitarsone once was one of four arsenical food-animal drugs—along with roxarsone, arsanilic acid, and carbarsone—approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use in feeding poultry. However, following the suspension of sales of roxarsone in the United States in 2011, nitarsone was thought to be the only arsenical animal drug actually marketed in the U.S. In September 2013, the FDA announced that Zoetis and Fleming Laboratories agreed to voluntarily withdraw from using roxarsone, arsanilic acid, and carbarsone, which left nitarsone as the only arsenical approved in the U.S. for use in food animals. But in 2015, the FDA also withdrew approval of nitarsone in animal feeds, effective at the end of 2015.

Poultry farming
Poultry farming is the form of animal husbandry which raises domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, turkeys and geese to produce meat or eggs for food. Poultry – mostly chickens – are farmed in great numbers.  More than 60 billion chickens are killed for consumption annually. Chickens raised for eggs are known as layers, while chickens raised for meat are called broilers.

In the United States, the national organization overseeing poultry production is the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In the UK, the national organization is the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA).
Maisons-Alfort–Les Juilliottes station
Maisons-Alfort–Les Juilliottes (French pronunciation: [mɛzɔ̃ alfɔʁ le ʒɥijɔt]) is a station on Line 8 of the Paris Métro in the suburban commune of Maisons-Alfort. It is named after the Juilliottes quarter of Maisons-Alfort.

Maisons-Alfort
Maisons-Alfort (French pronunciation: [mɛzɔ̃ alfɔʁ] ⓘ) is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 8.4 km (5.2 mi) from the centre of Paris.

Maisons-Alfort is famous as the location of the National Veterinary School of Alfort. The Fort de Charenton, constructed between 1841 and 1845, has since 1959 housed the Commandement des Écoles de la Gendarmerie Nationale.
Reimeikai
Reimeikai (黎明会, lit., "Dawn Society" or "Society for Enlightenment") was a Japanese "educational society" formed in Japan's Taishō period.  The members declared themselves committed "to strive for the stabilization and enrichment of the life of the Japanese people in conformity with the new trends of the postwar world."

In December 1918, the group was formed in order to sponsor public lectures.  Its founders included Yoshino Sakuzō and Fukuda Tokuzō.  Reimeikai's membership supported universal suffrage and freedom of assembly.  Also, they advocated less restrictions on the right to strike.  The group came together "to propagate ideas of democracy among the people."  The group dissolved in 1920.

It is not to be confused with the Owari Tokugawa Reimeikai Foundation, often just called the "Reimeikai Foundation".

Sakuzō Yoshino
Sakuzō Yoshino (吉野 作造, Yoshino Sakuzō; January 29, 1878 – March 18, 1933) was a Japanese academic, historian, author and professor of political science.

Yoshino was active as a political thinker in the Taishō period.  He is best known for his formulation of the theory of "Minponshugi," or politics of the people.
Pioneering Women in American Mathematics
Pioneering Women in American Mathematics: The Pre-1940 PhD's is a book on women in mathematics. It was written by Judy Green and Jeanne LaDuke, based on a long study beginning in 1978, and was published in 2009 by the American Mathematical Society and London Mathematical Society as volume 34 in their joint History of Mathematics series. Unlike many previous works on the topic, it aims at encyclopedic coverage of women in mathematics in the pre-World War II United States, rather than focusing only on the biographies of individual women or on collecting stories of only the most famous women in mathematics. The Basic Library List Committee of the Mathematical Association of America has strongly recommended its inclusion in undergraduate mathematics libraries.

Judy Green (mathematician)
Judith (Judy) Green (born 1943) is an American logician and historian of mathematics who studies women in mathematics. She is a founding member of the Association for Women in Mathematics; she has also served as its vice president, and as the vice president of the American Association of University Professors.
Antti Kaikkonen
Antti Samuli Kaikkonen (born 14 February 1974 in Turku, Finland) is a Finnish politician who has served as chair of the Centre Party since June 2024. He has been a member of the Finnish Parliament from Uusimaa since 2003. He served as Minister of Defence from 2019 to 2023. Kaikkonen was the president of  Finnish Centre Youth from 1997 to 2001. He has also been a member of Finnish Delegation to the  Council of Europe since 2004.

In 2013, Kaikkonen was convicted of corruption charges stemming from a campaign financing scandal.

On 21 June 2016, Kaikkonen was chosen as the chairman of the Centre Party's parliamentary group.

By 2019, Kaikkonen was parliamentary head of the coalition-leading Centre Party.  Amidst the Oulu child sexual exploitation scandal, he called for all party heads in Parliament to meet, and declared "everyone who comes to Finland has to follow the local laws".

Oulu child sexual exploitation scandal
In December 2018, it transpired that adult men, all of whom had arrived in Finland as asylum seekers or refugees, were grooming, and raping and otherwise sexually abusing, girls under 15 years of age in Oulu, Finland.  One victim ended up committing suicide.  The Oulu Police Department warned young girls and parents, while emphasizing that "not all people with foreign backgrounds are dishonest or criminals".

By mid-January 2019, the suspects numbered 16. The case was said to have "rocked" Finland, where cabinet members broke the otherwise normal Finnish taboo about commenting about ongoing criminal investigations.
Talence
Talence (French pronunciation: [talɑ̃s], locally [taˈlãⁿsə]; Occitan: Talança, [taˈlansɔ]; Catalan: Talença [tǝˈlensǝ]) is a commune in the department of Gironde, administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.

It is the third-largest suburb of the city of Bordeaux, and is adjacent to it on the south side. It is a member of the Bordeaux Métropole.

Talence is the home of Décastar, a prestigious yearly international decathlon event.

In Talence, there are different universities: Bordeaux University, Architecture School of Bordeaux and KEDGE Business School.

Décastar
Décastar (stylised DECASTAR) is an annual athletics competition that takes place in Talence, in the department of the Gironde in France. Organised by ADEM L'ADEM, it is one of the athletics meetings that make up the World Athletics Challenge – Combined Events. Male and female athletes compete in the decathlon or heptathlon, respectively, and points scored at the Décastar count towards a yearly total for the parent competition.
Ushaka
Ushaka is a 1977 album by the South African isicathamiya group Ladysmith Black Mambazo. The members who sang in the Ushaka album were; Ben Shabalala; Jockey Shabalala; Patrick Zondo; Jabulani Dubazana; Fikile Groonwell Khumalo; Funokwakhe Mazibuko; Milton Mazibuko; Albert Mazibuko and Joseph Shabalala.

Ladysmith Black Mambazo
Ladysmith Black Mambazo is a South African male choral group singing in the local vocal styles of isicathamiya and mbube. They became known internationally after singing with American Paul Simon on his 1986 album Graceland. They have since won multiple awards, including five Grammy Awards the fifth of which they dedicated to the late former South African President Nelson Mandela.

Formed by Joseph Shabalala in 1960, Ladysmith Black Mambazo became one of South Africa's most prolific musical groups. Their releases received gold and platinum disc honours in both South Africa and abroad. The group became a mobile academy of South African cultural heritage through their African indigenous isicathamiya music.
Łąki Markowe
Łąki Markowe (Polish pronunciation: [ˈwɔŋkʲi marˈkɔvɛ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Boniewo, within Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It has approximately 100 inhabitants. It is the birthplace of Polish sportsmen Zygmunt Jałoszyński and Roman Jałoszyński.

Gmina Boniewo
Gmina Boniewo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Włocławek County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Boniewo, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) south-west of Włocławek and 64 km (40 mi) south of Toruń.

The gmina covers an area of 77.72 square kilometres (30.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,550.
Adenike Grange
Adenike Grangelistenⓘ is a Nigerian professor of paediatrics, consultant, author and former Minister of Health. She was appointed on 25 July 2007, becoming Nigeria's first female Minister of Health. During her tenure, she worked to improve healthcare delivery, reduce maternal mortality and diseases among vulnerable groups. She was arrested on the orders of President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua over the handling of ₦300 million in unspent government funds. She was investigated by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and stood trial. She resigned from office on 26 March 2008.

Economic and Financial Crimes Commission
The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) is a Nigerian law enforcement and anti-graft agency that investigates financial crimes and unknown transactions such as advance fee fraud (419 fraud) and money laundering. The EFCC was established in 2003, partially in response to pressure from the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF), which named Nigeria as one of 23 countries non-cooperative in the international community's efforts to fight money laundering. The agency has its head office in Abuja, Nigeria. The EFCC was also set up to fight against corruption and protect the country from economic saboteurs.