hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Hyperactivity has long been part of the human condition, although hyperactive behaviour has not always been seen as problematic.

The terminology used to describe the symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD, has gone through many changes over history, including "minimal brain damage", "minimal brain dysfunction", "learning/behavioral disabilities" and "hyperactivity".  In the second edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, known as DSM-II (1968), the condition was called "Hyperkinetic Reaction of Childhood" (Hyperkinetic disorder).  It was in the 1980 DSM-III that "ADD (Attention-Deficit Disorder) with or without hyperactivity" was introduced. In 1987 this label was further refined to "ADHD (Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)" in the DSM-III-R and subsequent editions, including the current DSM-5.

Hyperkinetic disorder
Hyperkinetic disorder was a neuropsychiatric condition that was thought to emerge in early childhood. Its features included an enduring pattern of severe, developmentally-inappropriate symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity across different settings (e.g., home and school) that significantly impair academic, social, and work performance. It was classified in the World Health Organization's ICD-10 and was roughly similar to the "combined presentation" of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the American Psychiatric Association's DSM-5. However, in the ICD-11 the entry for hyperkinetic disorder no longer exists and is replaced by attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Fiorentino
Fiorentino (Romagnol: Fiurentêin) is one of the nine castelli of San Marino. It occupies an area of 6.56 km2 (2.53 sq mi) and is the fourth smallest castello in the country by land area. As of 2023, it had a population of 2,615 inhabitants.

Subdivisions of San Marino
The Republic of San Marino comprises nine castelli (lit. 'castles') as its first-level administrative divisions. Each castle is led by a castle captain (Italian: capitano di castello) and a castle council (giunta di castello), elected every five years.

Like Italian comuni, each castello has a capital (capoluogo), with other population centers sorted into curazie (equivalent to Italian frazioni). The country contains 44 curazie (sing. curazia), the lowest administrative unit beneath its castelli. Valdragone and Cailungo are divided into two curazie each, labelled di Sotto and di Sopra.
Ron Henderson
Ronald Henderson was St. Louis' 31st Chief of Police. He was an officer for 29 years and Chief  for 6½ years in the Metropolitan Police Department, City of St. Louis, becoming the second African-American Police Chief of St. Louis.

He was previously St Louis' Police Commissioner from 1995 to 2001.

Commissioner of the St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department
The Police Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police Department – City of St. Louis (SLMPD) is the Highest Ranking Member of the St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department.

The post is currently held by Commissioner Robert J. Tracy who was appointed on  December 14, 2022 and assumed office on January 9, 2023.
Gayles, North Yorkshire
Gayles is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. Gayles is established in the district ward of Gilling West. This small village consists of 80 households, with a total population (including Kirby Hill) of 180 according to the 2011 UK census. The area also includes two farms by the names of Gayles Hall Farm and Slip Farm. The village is roughly 10 miles (16 km) west of Darlington.

In 1870–72, John Marius Wilson's Imperial Gazetteer of England and Wales described Gayles as follows:

GAYLES, a township in Kirkby Ravensworth parish, N. R. Yorkshire; 5 miles NW by N of Richmond, North Yorkshire. Acres, 2,467. Real Property, £2,160. Pop., 197. Houses, 45.

Gilling West
Gilling West is a village about 3.5 miles (5.6 km) north of Richmond in North Yorkshire, England. It is located in the civil parish of Gilling with Hartforth and Sedbury. It is named "West" to distinguish it from Gilling East near Helmsley, some 32 miles away.

A 2018 report states that the community houses people who commute to Darlington, Teesside and Richmond via the A66 and A1(M). The settlement "retains a village hall, two public houses and a shop but there is no longer a post office. There is a limited bus service to the village." The report adds that Gilling West is a Conservation Area with the High Street of particular significance. "A substantial percentage of the buildings [in the community] are listed as being of special architectural or historic interest".
Cyn.in
Cyn.in is an open-source enterprise collaborative software built on top of Plone a content management system written in the Python programming language which is a layer above Zope. Cyn.in is developed by Cynapse a company founded by Apurva Roy Choudhury and Dhiraj Gupta which is based in India. Cyn.in enables its users to store, retrieve and organize files and rich content in a collaborative, multiuser environment.

Cyn.in comes in three flavors. Cyn.in Community Edition is released under the GNU General Public License version 3 based on open standards and is completely "free" to use. Cyn.in Enterprise Editions are commercially supported, certified and tested by Cynapse. The on-premises appliance is designed towards businesses who want to install the software on their infrastructure behind their firewall. With the On-Demand Service, Cynapse hosts the software for businesses to use, in secure cloud servers.

Zope
Zope is a family of free and open-source web application servers written in Python, and their associated online community. Zope stands for "Z Object Publishing Environment", and was the first system using the now common object publishing methodology for the Web. Zope has been called a Python killer app, an application that helped put Python in the spotlight.

Over the last few years, the Zope community has spawned several additional web frameworks with disparate aims and principles, but sharing philosophy, people, and source code. Zope 2 is still the most widespread of these frameworks, largely thanks to the Plone content management system, which runs on Zope 2. BlueBream (earlier called Zope 3) is less widespread but underlies several large sites, including Launchpad. Grok was started as a more programmer-friendly framework, "Zope 3 for cavemen", and in 2009 Pyramid gained popularity in the Zope community as a minimalistic framework based on Zope principles.
Netherlands Radio Symphony Orchestra
The Netherlands Radio Symphony Orchestra (NRSO) was a Dutch radio orchestra. It was founded in 1985 after a merger of the Radio Orchestra (Omroep Orkest), the Promenade Orchestra (Promenade Orkest) and the Radio Chamber Orchestra (Radio Kamerorkest). In 2005, the NRSO was disbanded, and its functions were absorbed into the Netherlands Radio Philharmonic and the Netherlands Radio Chamber Philharmonic. The NRSO's last concert took place on 7 July 2005.

Radio Filharmonisch Orkest
The Radio Filharmonisch Orkest (Radio Philharmonic Orchestra; Dutch abbreviation RFO) is a Dutch radio orchestra, based in Hilversum. The RFO performs under the aegis of the Muziekcentrum van de Omroep (Broadcasting Music Centre; NMBC), an umbrella organization bringing together the music departments of the various broadcasting associations affiliated to Nederlandse Publieke Omroep (Dutch Public Broadcasting).

The RFO performs on NPO Radio 4 and gives public concerts in Amsterdam and Utrecht. It has also served as the orchestra for productions at De Nederlandse Opera. The RFO's programmes are decided by the above-mentioned Muziekcentrum, rather than directly by the orchestra's management and chief conductor.  The current manager of the RFO is Wouter den Hond.
Anarchism in Belgium
Anarchism spread into Belgium as Communards took refuge in Brussels with the fall of the Paris Commune. Most Belgian members in the First International joined the anarchist Jura Federation after the socialist schism. Belgian anarchists also organized the 1886 Walloon uprising, the Libertarian Communist Group, and several Bruxellois newspapers at the turn of the century. Apart from new publications, the movement dissipated through the internecine antimilitarism in the interwar period. Several groups emerged mid-century for social justice and anti-fascism.

Belgian strike of 1886
The Belgian strikes of 1886, occasionally known as the social revolt of 1886 (French: Révolte sociale de 1886), was a violent period of industrial strikes and riots in Belgium from 18 to 29 March 1886 and an important moment in Belgium's 19th-century history. The strike and labour revolt was provoked by social inequalities in Belgian society and has been compared to the peasant jacqueries of the Middle Ages.
OpenSSI
OpenSSI is an open-source single-system image clustering system. It allows a collection of computers to be treated as one large system, allowing applications running on any one machine access to the resources of all the machines in the cluster.

OpenSSI is based on the Linux operating system and was released as an open source project by Compaq in 2001.
It is the final stage of a long process of development, stretching back to LOCUS, developed in the early 1980s.

LOCUS
LOCUS is a discontinued distributed operating system developed at UCLA during the 1980s.  It was notable for providing an early implementation of the single-system image idea, where a cluster of machines appeared to be one larger machine.

A desire to commercialize the technologies developed for LOCUS inspired the creation of the Locus Computing Corporation which went on to include ideas from LOCUS in various products, including OSF/1 AD and, finally, the SCO–Tandem UnixWare NonStop Clusters product.
Senior Chinese Unofficial Member
Senior Chinese Unofficial Member denotes the highest-ranking ethnically Chinese member of the Legislative Council and Executive Council of Hong Kong under colonial British rule. As Chinese council members were frequently referred to as "Chinese Representatives", the senior member was also known as the "Senior Chinese Representative". In the later years of the colonial rule, many Senior Chinese Unofficial Member also served as Senior Unofficial Member at the same time.

Executive Council of Hong Kong
22°16′53″N 114°09′54″E﻿ / ﻿22.281487°N 114.165089°E﻿ / 22.281487; 114.165089

The Executive Council of Hong Kong (ExCo) is the cabinet of the Government of Hong Kong, acting as a formal body of advisers to the Chief Executive of Hong Kong that serves as a core policy-making organ assisting the chief executive. It is analogous to other Executive Councils in the Commonwealth such as the Federal Executive Council of Australia, the Executive Council of New Zealand, and the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.

Under the presidency of the chief executive, the executive council consists of 21 Official Members (the most senior of these being the Chief Secretary of Hong Kong, head of the Government Secretariat and chair of the Policy Committee), and 16 Non-official Members (also known as ministers without portfolio who are normally leading legislators from pro-establishment political parties) headed by the Convenor of the Non-official Members. The Council normally meets once a week.
Languages of Somalia
The official language of Somalia is Somali and remains the most widely spoken language in the country, with Northern Standard Somali as the most widely spoken dialect of the language, at around 60% of the population, followed by Maay Somali at 20% and Benadiri Somali at 18%.

Arabic is listed as the second language in the constitution and is used primarily in religious practice and education.

Maay Maay
Mai, commonly spelled Maay (also known as Af-Maay, Af-Maay, or simply Maay) is a dialect of the Somali language. It is mainly spoken in Somalia and adjacent parts of Ethiopia and Kenya. In Somalia, it is spoken in South West state, Jubaland state, and Banadir.
Mason Ludwig
Mason Ludwig (born September 16, 2002) is an American professional stock car racing driver who last competed part-time in the ARCA Menards Series, driving the No. 63 Chevrolet for Spraker Racing Enterprises.

Jeff Spraker
Jeffrey D. Spraker (born March 13, 1959) is an American professional stock car racing driver, crew chief and team owner. He currently works as a crew chief for Martin Racing on their No. 52 Toyota in the ARCA Menards Series driven by Robert Martin. He also owns Spraker Racing Enterprises, an ARCA Menards Series team that fields the No. 63 Chevrolet part-time.
The Best of Eloy Vol. 2 – The Prime 1976–1979
The Best of Eloy Vol. 2 – The Prime 1976–1979 is the second of a two-part compilation by the German rock band Eloy, released in 1996. The first part, The Best of Eloy Vol. 1 – The Early Days 1972–1975, was released in 1994.

It compiles songs from the albums Dawn, Ocean and Silent Cries and Mighty Echoes, the later three of the six studio albums Eloy released during the 70s under the EMI Electrola label.

As indicated by the album's title, the 1976–1979 period is considered the prime of Eloy's career. In 1995, a year before the compilation's release, Ocean was certified Gold, with sales that exceed 250,000 units in Germany. It remains the most commercially successful German prog rock album ever.

Dawn (Eloy album)
Dawn is the fifth studio album by German rock band Eloy, released in 1976.

It is a concept album conceived by Frank Bornemann and written by Jürgen Rosenthal, an abstract sequel to the previous year's Power and the Passion. Jamie, the protagonist, has now died, and his spirit travels through time and space in search for his beloved Jeanne and the ultimate salvation.

After the release of the previous Eloy album, the band broke up and reformed, with Bornemann as the only original and core member. The new version of Eloy consisted of Bornemann himself on guitar and vocals, Klaus-Peter Matziol on bass, Detlev Schmidtchen on keyboards, and Jürgen Rosenthal on percussion. Dawn is also the first Eloy album to feature a symphonic orchestra.
Ayninbirkekin
Ayninbirkekin is a tabia or municipality in the Dogu'a Tembien district of the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. Literal meaning of Ayninbirkekin in Tigrinya is "We will not bend". The tabia centre is in Halah village, located approximately 8 km to the east of the woreda town Hagere Selam. Main town is Ala'isa, situated on the ridge overseeing the Giba valley.

Hagere Selam (Degua Tembien)
Hagere Selam (Tigrinya: ሃገረ ሰላም) is a town in northern Ethiopia. Located on the Mekelle-Abiy Addi regional road, it is located at an elevation of 2650 metres above sea level. The town is the administrative center of the Dogu'a Tembien woreda. The weekly market is on Saturdays.

Hagere Selam is located on the saddle point between two of the higher points in Tigray (Imba Zuw'ala and Tsatsen). The regional road from Mekelle to Abiy Addi climbs towards Hagere Selam, before going down to the Abergele lowlands. The area is categorized as highland or dega. The local economy is dependent on trading, agriculture, with barley being the main crop grown in the area, and on milk production and apiculture.
Beit Harambam Congregation
Beit Harambam Congregation (Hebrew: בית הרמב"ם, lit. 'House of the Rambam') is a Sephardi Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Northeast Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Founded in 1978, its membership is largely composed of Hebrew-speaking Israeli expatriates. Started as a basement minyan, the congregation purchased a small home in the 1980s, which was subsequently destroyed by arson in 2000. With significant funding from the Philadelphia Jewish community, the building was restored. The synagogue was further expanded with a larger sanctuary and a social hall, completed in 2011.

Northeast Philadelphia
Northeast Philadelphia, nicknamed Northeast Philly, the Great Northeast, and known colloquially as simply "the Northeast", is a section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. According to the 2000 census, Northeast Philadelphia has a population of between 300,000 and 450,000, depending on how the area is defined. The Northeast is known as being home to a large and diverse working class population, including Polish, German, Jewish, Russian, African American, Brazilian, Puerto Rican, Dominican, Guatemalan, Ukrainian, Indian, Chinese, Irish, and Vietnamese neighborhoods.
Nasir-ud-Daulah
Mir Farqunda Ali Khan (25 April 1794 – 16 May 1857) commonly known as Nasir-ud-Daulah, was fourth Nizam of Hyderabad, a princely state of British India, from 24 May 1829 until his death in 1857.

Born as Farqunda Ali Khan to Nizam Sikandar Jah and Fazilatunnisa Begum, Nasir-ud-Daulah ascended the throne in 1829. He inherited a financially weak kingdom. On his request, Lord William Bentinck withdrew all of the European superintendents of civil departments and followed a policy of non-intervention in the Nizam's affairs. The Nizam founded the Hyderabad Medical School in 1846; he also owed large debts to the Arabs, the Rohillas and the British, and in 1853 he signed a treaty with the British during the reign of Governor-General The Earl of Dalhousie. The British agreed to liquidate all of his debts in return for ceding part of his territory to the British.

Sikander Jah, Asaf Jah III
Sikander Jah, Asaf Jah III Mir Akbar Ali Khan Siddiqi (11 November 1768 – 21 May 1829), was the 3rd Nizam of Hyderabad, India from 1803 to 1829. He was born in Chowmahalla Palace in the Khilwath, the second son of Asaf Jah II and Tahniat un-nisa Begum.
Pullad
Pullad is a town in Thiruvalla Taluk Thiruvalla Revenue Division in the Pathanamthitta district, Kerala.
Pullad is a part of Koipuram census village. It is situated 12 km east from Thiruvalla SCS Junction and 3 km from Kumbanad along the TK Road. It is part of Tiruvalla taluk.

Pullad is the part of Aranmula legislative assembly constituency and Pathanamthitta parliament constituency.

Thiruvalla
Thiruvalla, (Malayalam: [t̪iɾuʋɐlːɐ]) also spelled Tiruvalla, is a municipality in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala, India. The town is spread over an area of 27.15 km2 (10.48 sq mi) and has a population of 52,883 people, down from 56,837 in 2001. It is also the Headquarters Of Thiruvalla Revenue Division. It lies on the northern banks of the Manimala River, in a land-locked region surrounded by irrigating canals and rivers. It is the largest town in the district, and is a major financial, educational, healthcare, cultural, and commercial centre in central Travancore. It is also called The Healthcare City & Banking Capital Of Kerala. Thiruvalla Taluk has a land area Of 154 km2 (59 sq mi).
Nokia E51
Nokia E51 is a Symbian OS mobile phone by Nokia announced on 18 September 2007 as the replacement of the Nokia E50 in the business-focused Eseries line. It was the second Nokia UMTS / HSDPA dual band device. The phone was available with a black, silver or bronze-coloured border and backplate. It has a slim body made of stainless steel (12 mm thick, 100 g weight), and was the smallest Nokia smartphone of the time, yet is still technologically capable like other S60 devices of the time. A version without the integrated camera also existed. The E51 was highly acclaimed and was succeeded by the Nokia E52.

Nokia Eseries
The Nokia Eseries is a discontinued line of business-oriented smartphones running Symbian OS, produced by Nokia from 2005 to 2011. The Eseries brand became the partial replacement for the top-line products of the Nokia 6000 'Classic Business' range - the 6000 range itself would turn into a mid-range line with broad appeal beginning in 2007 mostly using the 'classic', 'slide' and 'fold' monikers.

The Nokia Eseries have emphasis on enhanced connectivity and support for corporate e-mail push services, as well as enterprise-styled products and many featuring QWERTY keyboards. All devices have advanced office features through its S60 platform. Phones equipped with Wireless LAN also provide a VoIP client (SIP Protocol). Throughout the series' lifetime, its main competitors include the BlackBerry, the Sony Ericsson P family, and various Windows Mobile/Pocket PC devices.
Alternanthera brasiliana
Alternanthera brasiliana, also known as large purple alternanthera, metal weed, bloodleaf, parrot leaf, ruby leaf, Brazilian joyweed, purple alternanthera, purple joyweed, is a flowering plant of the amaranth family that is native to the forests of South America and as well as Central America, ranging from northeastern Mexico to northeastern Argentina. It is grown as an ornamental plant.

Alternanthera brasiliana var. villosa, a variety known as little ruby or ruby leaf alternanthera, is also known by the synonym Alternanthera dentata.

Alternanthera brasiliana var. villosa
Alternanthera brasiliana var. villosa, known as little ruby and ruby leaf alternanthera, is a fast-growing ornamental groundcover plant in the amaranth family. It ranges from southeastern Mexico to Guatemala, Nicaragua, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, and northeastern Argentina.

It was first described as Telanthera brasiliana var. villosa in 1849 by Alfred Moquin-Tandon. It is known by many synonyms, including Alternanthera dentata, described by Stuchlík and Robert Elias Fries in 1913.

The plant is chiefly grown for its coloured foliage. It is similar in appearance to Alternanthera bettzickiana, and both have some strikingly similar looking cultivars.
Somerset Militia
The Somerset Militia was an auxiliary military force in the county of Somerset in South West England. From their formal organisation as Trained Bands in 1558 until their final service as the Special Reserve, the Militia regiments of the county carried out internal security and home defence duties in all of Britain's major wars. They saw active service during the Second Bishops' War, the English Civil War, the Monmouth Rebellion and the Second Boer War, and finally trained thousands of reinforcements during World War I. After a shadowy postwar existence they were formally disbanded in 1953.

Militia (United Kingdom)
The British Militia was the principal military reserve force of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Militia units were repeatedly raised in Great Britain during the Victorian and Edwardian eras for internal security duties and to defend against external invasions. The British Militia was transformed into the Special Reserve under the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw. 7. c. 9), which integrated all militia formations into the British Army.
Crossover at Kinnick
Crossover at Kinnick was an American exhibition women's college basketball game between the Iowa Hawkeyes and the DePaul Blue Demons. Held at Kinnick Stadium, the home stadium of the Hawkeyes football team, the game set the women's basketball single-game attendance record (55,646). Led by reigning national player of the year Caitlin Clark, who had a 34-point triple-double, Iowa defeated DePaul, 94–72.

DePaul Blue Demons women's basketball
The DePaul Blue Demons women's basketball program is the NCAA Division I intercollegiate women's basketball program of DePaul University in Chicago, Illinois. The team competes in the Big East Conference.

The Blue Demons play home games at Wintrust Arena at the McCormick Place convention center on Chicago's Near South Side and at McGrath–Phillips Arena on DePaul's Lincoln Park campus. While DePaul is among the ranks for regular appearances in the NCAA tournament with 25, they have the most appearances in the tournament without reaching the Final Four.