hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cramond Kirk
Cramond Kirk is a church situated in the middle area Cramond parish, in the north west of Edinburgh, Scotland. Built on the site of an old Roman fort, parts of the Cramond Kirk building date back to the fourteenth century and the church tower is considered to be the oldest part.

Next door to the Kirk there is the Manse which has been a home for the Minister of Cramond Kirk for centuries. The existing Manse was constructed in three parts, as extensions were needed to the original building.

Cramond
Cramond Village (/ˈkræmənd/; Scottish Gaelic: Cair Amain) is a village and suburb in the north-west of Edinburgh, Scotland, at the mouth of the River Almond where it enters the Firth of Forth.

The Cramond area has evidence of Mesolithic, Bronze Age and Roman activity. In modern times, it was the birthplace of the Scottish economist John Law (1671–1729). Cramond was incorporated into the City of Edinburgh by the Edinburgh Boundaries Extension and Tramways Act 1920 (10 & 11 Geo. 5. c. lxxxvii).
Belted Galloway
The Belted Galloway is a traditional Scottish breed of beef cattle. It derives from the Galloway stock of the Galloway region of south-western Scotland, and was established as a separate breed in 1921. It is adapted to living on the poor upland pastures and windswept moorlands of the region. The exact origin of the breed is unclear, although the white belt for which they are named, and which distinguishes the breed from black Galloway cattle, is often surmised to be the result of cross-breeding with the similarly coloured Dutch Lakenvelder.

The cattle are reared principally for beef; they may also be kept for ornament or for conservation grazing (vegetation management).

Ornamental animal
An ornamental animal is an animal kept for display or curiosity, often in a park. They often offer little practical value (such as meat, companionship or protection), and are instead kept for their appearances. A wide range of mammals, birds and fish have been kept as ornamental animals.

Ornamental animals have often formed the basis of introduced and invasive populations. The keeping and husbandry of ornamental animals has also preserved breeds, types and even species which are rare or extinct elsewhere. The term usually does not mean animals kept in zoos, instead referring to animals in private collections.
I-Testament
I-Testament is a studio album by reggae/dancehall artist Capleton. It was released in 1997 via Def Jam. The album contains guest appearances from Q-Tip, Sizzla, Big Youth, and  D.V. Alias Khrist.

It peaked at #3 on the Billboard Reggae Albums chart.

Capleton
Clifton George Bailey III (born 13 April 1967), better known by his stage name Capleton, is a Jamaican reggae and dancehall musician. He is also referred to as King Shango, King David, The Fireman and The Prophet. His record label is called David House Productions. He is known for his Rastafari views expressed in his songs.
Dave Thomas (golfer)
David Charles Thomas (16 August 1934 – 27 August 2013) was a Welsh professional golfer and renowned golf course architect.

Thomas was one of Britain's leading golfers during the 1950s and 1960s with many tournament victories around Europe, including the News of the World Match Play and the Belgian, Dutch and French Open championships. He was runner-up at The Open Championship in 1958 and 1966.

1965 Ryder Cup
The 16th Ryder Cup Matches were held 7–9 October 1965 at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport, England. For the first time commercialisation started to make a presence on site. The United States team won the competition by a score of 191⁄2 to 121⁄2 points.
Sonya Fitzpatrick
Sonya Fitzpatrick is a British television and radio personality as well as a pet psychic. She hosted the now-defunct television show Animal Planet's The Pet Psychic. Her weekly animal advice and call-in talk show, Animal Intuition, is currently broadcast on SIRIUS Satellite Radio Channel 102.

Fitzpatrick, a former model, worked in all the major fashion capitals in Europe, appeared frequently on television and modeled for many noted designers.

Fitzpatrick resides in the Conroe Woods subdivision in the Conroe, Texas area, outside Houston. Having divorced her second husband in 2005, Fitzpatrick remains single.

Fitzpatrick claims to have had telepathic abilities since childhood enabling her to communicate with reptiles, birds and animals of all kinds, "to help  solve behavioral problems and physical ailments." She was featured in the HBO documentary To Love or Kill: Man Versus Animal, which explores the relationship between humans and animals.

Pet psychic
A pet psychic is a person who claims to communicate by psychic means with animals, either living or dead. They are also known as animal communicators, and their practice as intuitive animal communication or intuitive interspecies communication.

The term psychic refers to the claimed ability to perceive information unavailable to the normal senses by what is claimed to be extrasensory perception. It is the opinion of scientific skeptics that people believe in such abilities due to cognitive biases and the use of various techniques by the practitioners, including intentional deception.
1984–85 Liga Leumit
The 1984–85 Liga Leumit season saw Maccabi Haifa win the title. Beitar Tel Aviv, Hapoel Lod and Hakoah Ramat Gan were all relegated to Liga Artzit. David Lavi of Maccabi Netanya was the league's top scorer with 18 goals.

Beitar Tel Aviv F.C.
Beitar Tel Aviv Football Club (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל בית"ר תל אביב) was an Israeli football club based from Tel Aviv. The club merged in 2000 with Shimshon Tel Aviv to create Beitar Shimshon Tel Aviv, and later, after the merge came apart, merged with Ironi Ramla to create Beitar Tel Aviv Ramla.

On 22 May 2019, Ramla withdrew the merger and the club merged with Maccabi Ironi Bat Yam,  and the club changed its name to Beitar Tel Aviv Bat Yam.
William Zorach
William Zorach (February 28, 1889 – November 15, 1966) was an American sculptor, painter, printmaker, and writer. He won the Logan Medal of the Arts in 1927. He was at the forefront of American artists embracing cubism.

He was the husband of Marguerite Thompson Zorach and father of Dahlov Ipcar, both artists in their own right.

Logan Medal of the Arts
The Logan Medal of the Arts was an arts prize initiated in 1907 and associated with the Art Institute of Chicago, the Frank G Logan family and the Society for Sanity in Art.  From 1917 through 1940, 270 awards were given for contributions to American art.
Vilho Kivioja
Vilho Heikki Kivioja (21 January 1896 – 2 November 1977) was a Finnish Lutheran clergyman and politician, born in Kalajoki. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1929 to 1945, representing the Agrarian League. Anna-Maja Henriksson is his granddaughter.

Kalajoki
Kalajoki (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkɑlɑˌjoki]; literally translated the "fish river") is a coastal town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the immediate vicinity of the Gulf of Bothnia in the province of Oulu and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region.

The town has a population of 12,231 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 2,391.30 square kilometres (923.29 sq mi) of which 1,469.15 km2 (567.24 sq mi) is water. The population density is 13.24 inhabitants per square kilometre (34.3/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
The Canterville Ghost (1986 film)
The Canterville Ghost is a 1986 made-for-television syndicated comedy fantasy horror film based on the 1887 short story "The Canterville Ghost" by Oscar Wilde, directed by Paul Bogart. It was shot at Eastnor Castle in England and stars John Gielgud, Ted Wass, Andrea Marcovicci and Alyssa Milano.

Eastnor Castle
Eastnor Castle, Eastnor, Herefordshire, is a 19th-century mock castle. Eastnor was built for John Cocks, 1st Earl Somers, who employed Robert Smirke, later the main architect of the British Museum.

The castle was built between 1811 and 1820. Major schemes of interior decoration were carried out by A. W. N. Pugin in 1849–1850. Eastnor remains a private home, and is currently the residence of James Hervey-Bathurst, the grandson of Arthur Somers-Cocks, 6th Baron Somers. It is a Grade I listed building. The surrounding gardens and parkland are designated Grade II*.
Cayley–Menger determinant
In linear algebra, geometry, and trigonometry, the Cayley–Menger determinant is a formula for the content, i.e. the higher-dimensional volume, of a -dimensional simplex in terms of the squares of all of the distances between pairs of its vertices. The determinant is named after Arthur Cayley and Karl Menger.

The  pairwise distance polynomials between n points in a real Euclidean space are Euclidean invariants that are associated via the Cayley-Menger relations. These relations served multiple purposes such as generalising Heron's Formula, as well as computing the content of a n-dimensional simplex, and ultimately determining if any real symmetric matrix is a Euclidean distance matrix for some n + 1 points in the field of distance geometry.

Heron's formula
In geometry, Heron's formula (or Hero's formula) gives the area of a triangle in terms of the three side lengths ⁠⁠ ⁠⁠ ⁠⁠ Letting ⁠⁠ be the semiperimeter of the triangle, ⁠⁠, the area ⁠⁠ is

It is named after first-century engineer Heron of Alexandria (or Hero) who proved it in his work Metrica, though it was probably known centuries earlier.
Japan Basketball Association
The Japan Basketball Association (日本バスケットボール協会, Nihon basukettobōru kyōkai, abbreviated as JBA) is the governing body of basketball in Japan. Formed in 1930, it is based in Tokyo. The JBA is a member of FIBA and FIBA Asia.

The federation is responsible for the Japan national basketball team and the Japan women's national basketball team and their Under-age teams.
It also manages the B.League commenced in October 2016.

As of April 2021, its president has been Yuko Mitsuya.

Japan women's national basketball team
The Japan women's national basketball team, also known as Akatsuki Japan (Japanese: アカツキジャパン), is the national team representing Japan in international basketball competitions. It is administered by the Japan Basketball Association.

At the 2020 Summer Olympics, Japan won the silver medal, the nation's first Olympic basketball medal (for men or women) and became the first Asian team to reach the podium in women's basketball since China in 1992. The Japanese, which were coached by Tom Hovasse, excelled in an 87–71 win over France in the semi-finals before coming short 75–90 against the United States. Japan's Rui Machida set an Olympic record with 18 assists against France.
Mindovsky House
Mindovsky House is an example of Art Nouveau architecture, designed by Lev Kekushev and built by the Moscow Trading-and-Construction Joint Stock Company in 1903. It is located at 44 Povarskaya Street (Russian: Поварская ул., 44) in the Arbat district of Moscow.

The diplomatic mission of New Zealand in the Russian Federation has been housed in the building since 1973 (except for the period 2015-2023 when the building was under renovation and the embassy located at Prechistenskaya Naberezhnaya 3).

Lev Kekushev
Lev Nikolayevich Kekushev (Russian: Лев Николаевич Кекушев) was a Russian architect, notable for his Art Nouveau buildings in Moscow, built in the 1890s and early 1900s in the original, Franco-Belgian variety of this style. Kekushev's buildings are notable for his skillful use of metal ornaments and his signature with a lion (Lev) ornament or sculpture.
Miracle Valley shootout
The Miracle Valley shootout was a confrontation between members of the Christ Miracle Healing Center and Church (CMHCC) and Cochise County law enforcement that occurred in Miracle Valley, Arizona, United States, on October 23, 1982. A variety of incidents with law enforcement in 1982 culminated when a large group of church members confronted local sheriff's deputies and state law enforcement officers attempting to serve bench warrants for the arrest of three members of the church. In the ensuing melee, two church members were killed and seven people (five law enforcement officers and two church members) were injured. One church member and one law enforcement officer died later, both deaths possibly due to injuries sustained that day.

Cochise County, Arizona
Cochise County (/koʊˈtʃiːs/ koh-CHEESS) is a county in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Arizona. It is named after Cochise, a Chiricahua Apache, who was a key war leader during the Apache Wars.

Its population was 125,447 at the 2020 census. The county seat is Bisbee and the most populous city is Sierra Vista.

Cochise County includes the Sierra Vista-Douglas, Arizona metropolitan statistical area. The county borders southwestern New Mexico and the northwestern Mexican state of Sonora.
Midnight Love
Midnight Love (1982) is the sixteenth studio album by American soul singer and songwriter Marvin Gaye and the final album to be released during his lifetime, released on November 8, 1982. He signed with the label Columbia in March 1982 following his exit from Motown.

The disc was certified triple platinum in the United States. It was an immediate international success selling over six million records worldwide. It was nominated for a 1984 Grammy for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance, spawning the two-time Grammy Award-winning hit "Sexual Healing". It was ranked number 37 on the Rolling Stone list of the best albums of the 1980s decade and the NME named the album as its Album of the Year in 1982.

Harvey Fuqua
Harvey Fuqua (/ˈfjuːkwə/ FEW-kwə; July 27, 1929 – July 6, 2010) was an American R&B singer, songwriter, record producer, and record label executive.

Fuqua founded the seminal R&B/doo-wop group the Moonglows in the 1950s. He is notable as one of the key figures in the development of the Motown label in Detroit, Michigan. His group gave Marvin Gaye a start in his music career. Fuqua and his wife at the time, Gwen Gordy, distributed the first Motown hit single, Barrett Strong's "Money (That's What I Want)", on their record label, Anna Records. Fuqua later sold Anna Records to Gwen's brother Berry Gordy and became a songwriter and executive at Motown.
Symphony No. 4 (Tchaikovsky)
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 4 in F minor, Op. 36, was written between 1877 and 1878. Its first performance was at a Russian Musical Society concert in Moscow on February 22 (or the 10th using the calendar of the time), 1878,  with Nikolai Rubinstein as conductor. In Central Europe it sometimes receives the nickname "Fatum", or "Fate".

Sergei Taneyev
Sergey Ivanovich Taneyev (Russian: Серге́й Ива́нович Тане́ев, pronounced [sʲɪrˈɡʲej ɪˈvanəvʲɪtɕ tɐˈnʲejɪf]; 25 November [O.S. 13 November] 1856 – 19 June [O.S. 6 June] 1915) was a Russian composer, pianist, teacher of composition, music theorist and author.
Oskowo
Oskowo [ɔsˈkɔvɔ] (German: Wutzkow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cewice, within Lębork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Cewice
Gmina Cewice (Kashubian: Céwice) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lębork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Cewice, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Lębork and 59 km (37 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 187.86 square kilometres (72.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,891.
Moseley Railway Trust
The Moseley Railway Trust is a major British collection of industrial narrow gauge locomotives and other equipment. It originally had its base in south Manchester, but has relocated to the Apedale Community Country Park near Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, where the Apedale Valley Light Railway and an important museum are being established next to the Apedale Heritage Centre.

Phase 1 of the 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge Apedale Valley Light Railway opened to the public in August 2010. Plans for the large new museum building have been approved by the local council and it was intended that construction will commence during 2011.

It is planned that there will eventually be an industrial demonstration railway line running around the perimeter of the MRT/Apedale Heritage Centre site, connecting with a recreation of an adit called No 7 Drift, from which coal was extracted by the previous occupiers of the site, the Aurora Mining Company, until around 1998.

Apedale Heritage Centre
The Apedale Heritage Centre was created at the site of Staffordshire's Apedale Mine and is run by volunteers. It is located just outside the village of Chesterton near Newcastle-under-Lyme in the Apedale Community Country Park.

Attractions include mine tours and a museum which concentrates on the area's history, and industrial heritage. Opening times are 10:30 to 16:00 daily with the underground tours taking place on weekends and bank holidays.

The site is also the home of the Moseley Railway Trust's collection of narrow gauge industrial locomotives.  A selection of locomotives can be viewed in the heritage centre museum and the trust holds open days for the public.  Work is under way to construct a separate museum and railway for the collection. Construction began in 2025.
Slottsbacken
Slottsbacken (Swedish: [ˈslɔ̂tːsˌbakːɛn], "Castle Slope") is a street in Gamla stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden.

It stretches east from the Stockholm Cathedral and the Royal Palace down to the street Skeppsbron which passes along the eastern waterfront of the old town.  In the western end, the alley Källargränd leads south to the square Stortorget, while Storkyrkobrinken extends Slottsbacken west beyond the cathedral and Högvaktsterrassen, down to the square Riddarhustorget.  On the southern side of Slottsbacken, three alleys connect to the interior throng of the old town: On either side of the Tessin Palace are Finska Kyrkogränd and Bollhusgränd, while Österlånggatan begins in the low-lying eastern part of the slope.

Jonas Lidströmer
Jonas Lidströmer (1755–1808) was a Swedish inventor and officer in the Swedish Navy.
Lidströmer was born in 1755 at Lagfors bruk, Medelpad, and died 1808 in Stockholm. He was a colonel-mecanicus, head of the mechanical state of the Royal Swedish Navy, Royal Inventor and advisor to the king, Knight of the Order of Vasa and eventually knighted Lidströmer (he was previously called Lidström).
Elemag Reef
Elemag Reef (Rif Elemag \'rif 'e-le-mag\) is the 100 m long in southeast-northwest direction and 40 m wide moraine reef in Moon Bay, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, with a narrow shoal extending for over 400 m eastwards. Surface area 0.33 ha. Situated 5.4 km south-southwest of Edinburgh Hill, 5.95 km west of Half Moon Island, 5.18 km northwest of Rila Point, 3.3 km northeast of Zlatograd Rock and 1.85 km east-southeast of Sindel Point. Formed at the terminus of merging Struma and Huron Glaciers, it was originally named Elemag Point.  The current reef configuration is due to glacier retreat of up to 1.8 km in the area in the late 20th and early 21st century. Bulgarian mapping in 2009. Bulgarian topographic survey Tangra 2004/05 and mapping in 2009.

Named after Elemag, governor of Berat during the final years of the First Bulgarian Empire.

62°35′24.8″S 60°03′03″W﻿ / ﻿62.590222°S 60.05083°W﻿ / -62.590222; -60.05083

Moon Bay
Moon Bay is a bay 7 nautical miles (13 km) wide which recedes 4 nautical miles (7 km) between Edinburgh Hill and Renier Point, on the east side of Livingston Island, in the South Shetland Islands off Antarctica. The glaciers Sopot Ice Piedmont, Iskar, Huron, Struma, Kaliakra, Panega and Debelt feed the bay. Both Half Moon Island and Elemag Reef lie in Moon Bay.

The bay was known to sealers in the area as early as 1821. It was recharted in 1935 by Discovery Investigations personnel on the Discovery II, and probably named by them for nearby Half Moon Island, which lies in the entrance to the bay.
Robert Whyte
Robert Whyte (born 1955, in Melbourne) is an Australian writer. He was a founding co-owner and director of the Brisbane-based multimedia firm ToadShow. After 2012 he participated in the Australian Government's new species exploration program Bush Blitz. His works include The Creek in Our Back Yard: a practical guide to creek restoration (2011) and A Field Guide to Spiders of Australia for CSIRO Publishing 2017.

CSIRO Publishing
CSIRO Publishing is an Australian-based science and technology publisher. It publishes books, journals and magazines across a range of scientific disciplines, including agriculture, chemistry, plant and animal sciences, natural history and environmental management. It also produces interactive learning modules for primary school students and provides writing workshops for researchers.

CSIRO Publishing operates within the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). It was established as a stand-alone business unit in 1995.
Hammam Righa
Hammam Righa (حمام ريغة) (ⵃⴻⵎⵎⴰⵎ ⵔⵉⵖⴰ) is a town in northern Algeria. During the period of Roman occupation, Hammam Righa was a Roman colony called Aquae Calidae.
It is located at 36.379474n, 2.395618e near the railway town of Boumedfaâ, and is on the Oued Djer River.
The population in 2008 was 8488. and the population density is 369 persons/km².

Maurice Audin (1932-1957), mathematician, lived here from 1943 to 1946.

Maurice Audin
Maurice Audin (14 February 1932 – c. 21 June 1957) was a renowned French mathematics assistant at the University of Algiers, a member of the Algerian Communist Party and an activist in the anticolonialist cause, who died under torture by the French state during the Battle of Algiers.

In the centre of Algiers, beside the university, the intersection of streets bearing the names of several other heroes of the Algerian Revolution is called the Place Maurice-Audin. He is also memorialized by the Maurice Audin Prize, sponsored by the Société de Mathématiques Appliquées et Industrielles, the Société Mathématique de France, and others, and granted biennially to an Algerian mathematician working in Algeria and a French mathematician working in France.
Midland Railway
The Midland Railway (MR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom from 1844. The Midland was one of the largest railway companies in Britain in the early 20th century, and the largest employer in Derby, where it had its headquarters. It amalgamated with several other railways to create the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at grouping in 1923.

The Midland had a large network of lines emanating from Derby, stretching to London St Pancras, Manchester, Carlisle, Birmingham, and Bristol. It expanded as much through acquisitions as by building its own lines. It also operated ships from Heysham in Lancashire to Douglas and Belfast. A large amount of the Midland's infrastructure remains in use and visible, such as the Midland Main Line and the Settle–Carlisle line, and some of its railway hotels still bear the name Midland Hotel.

Lawley Street railway station
Lawley Street railway station was opened in Birmingham, England on 10 February 1842, by the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway.

The B&DJR had opened on 12 August 1839 with a line to Hampton, where it met the London and Birmingham Railway for passengers from Derby and the North East. Trains would reverse for Birmingham and travel into Curzon Street.

This gave problems from the start and, although it had been planned to run direct through a junction near Stechford, this was not proceeded with. Permission was sought for a new line, via the Tame valley, to a new station nearby.

In 1842, a new line was opened with a new terminus at Lawley Street. This proceeded from a junction at Whitacre with stations at Forge Mills (later renamed Coleshill), Water Orton and Castle Bromwich.

In 1851, the Midland Railway once more began to use Curzon Street with a new spur between Landor Street Junction and Derby Junction. Lawley Street then became a goods depot.