hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Fort DeRussy
The Battle of Fort DeRussy was the first engagement in the Red River Campaign of March–May 1864 in the American Civil War.

The Union Army of the Gulf under General Banks aimed to capture Shreveport, state capital and headquarters of the Confederate command, west of the Mississippi. The operation was spearheaded by General A.J. Smith  and Brigadier General Joseph Mower, who surprised and captured Fort DeRussy on March 14, taking over 300 prisoners and the enemy's only heavy guns. The Confederates, under General Richard Taylor, were forced to retreat, leaving south and central Louisiana to the Union forces.

Joseph A. Mower
Joseph Anthony Mower (August 22, 1827 – January 6, 1870) was a Union general during the American Civil War. He was a competent officer, and he was well respected by his troops and fellow officers. He was known among his troops as "Fighting Joe". Major General William Tecumseh Sherman said of Mower, "he's the boldest young officer we have".
Shattered Mirror
Shattered Mirror is a vampire novel written by Amelia Atwater-Rhodes, published in 2001 when the author was 17.  W. B. Yeats’ poem "The Two Trees", which references broken glass, appears in the beginning of the book, and is the inspiration for the title. The main theme of the book is that the perceived heroes can sometimes be evil in their actions and the villains can sometime have good sides. It is a comment that things are not just one thing or the other, but mixed with qualities of all aspects of life.

The novel was an ALA Quick Pick and called “an action-packed thriller” by Booklist, who also wrote that Atwater-Rhodes "owns a readable prose style and a vivid imagination."  School Library Journal said that “readers will be swept away by the seductive world of good and evil and find themselves lusting for a few more chapters.”

Amelia Atwater-Rhodes
Amelia Holt Atwater-Rhodes (born April 16, 1984), known professionally as Amelia Atwater-Rhodes, is an American author of fantasy and young adult literature and a Language Arts/Literature teacher at Learning Prep School in West Newton, MA.

She was born in Silver Spring, Maryland and has lived most of her life in Concord, Massachusetts. Her debut novel, In the Forests of the Night, was published in 1999, when she was fourteen years old. She has moved from her family's Sudbury home to a nearby Massachusetts town.
Alexandru Lăpușneanu
Alexandru IV Lăpușneanu (1499 – 5 May 1568) was ruler of Moldavia between September 1552 and 18 November 1561 and then October 1564 to 5 May 1568. He was the son of Bogdan III the One-Eyed. His wife and consort was Doamna Ruxanda Lăpușneanu, the daughter of Peter IV Rareș and Princess Elena Ecaterina Rareș (the second daughter of Jovan Branković of Serbia). He was the original founder of the Dormition Church, Lviv, also commonly known as the Wallachian Church. His son Bogdan IV of Moldavia succeeded him and ruled 1568–1572.

The writer Constantin Negruzzi wrote the short story Alexandru Lăpușneanu in 1857 based on the ruler's life; it was turned into an opera by Alexandru Zirra.

Dormition Church, Lviv
The Dormition or Assumption Church (Ukrainian: Успенська церква, Uspenska tserkva; historically known as the "Wallachian Church") is a Ukrainian Orthodox church in the city of Lviv, Ukraine. At present it belongs to the Lviv Diocese of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine.
Leigh Marning
Leigh Marning (born 8 February 1979 in Taree, New South Wales, Australia) is a rhythmic gymnast who represented Australia at the Commonwealth Games. She now works as a contortionist and freelance circus performer and trainer, specializing in aerials, contortion and hula hoops.

Taree
Taree (/tɑːriː/) is a town on the Mid North Coast, New South Wales, Australia. It and nearby Cundletown were settled in 1831 by William Wynter. Since then it has grown to a population of 26,381, and commands a significant agricultural district. Situated on a floodplain by the Manning River, it is 16 km from the Tasman Sea coast, and 317 km north of Sydney.

Taree is within the local government area of Mid-Coast Council, the state electorate of Myall Lakes and the federal electorate of Lyne.
Alexander C. Sanger
Alexander C. Sanger (born November 15, 1947) is an American reproductive rights activist, and the former Chair of the International Planned Parenthood Council. Sanger previously served as a United Nations Population Fund Goodwill Ambassador, as the President of Planned Parenthood of New York City (PPNYC), and as President of its international arm, The Margaret Sanger Center International (MSCI), from 1991 to 2000. He is the grandson of Margaret Sanger, the founder of Planned Parenthood, who opened America's first birth control clinic in Brownsville, Brooklyn, in 1916. He is not related to reproductive rights legal scholar Carol Sanger.

Carol Sanger
Carol Sanger (born December 30, 1948) is an American legal scholar specializing in reproductive rights. She is Barbara Aronstein Black Professor of Law at Columbia Law School. She is not related to either reproductive rights activist Alexander C. Sanger or his grandmother, the pioneering birth control activist Margaret Sanger.
Chashme Baddoor (2013 film)
Chashme Baddoor is a 2013 Indian Hindi-language slapstick comedy film directed by David Dhawan and written by Sajid and Farhad Samji. An official remake of the 1981 film Chashme Buddoor, it was produced by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and stars Ali Zafar and Taapsee Pannu (in her Hindi film debut) with Divyenndu and Siddharth in lead roles. The film was released on 5 April 2013.

Sajid-Farhad
Sajid-Farhad is an Indian film director and writer duo consisting of brothers Sajid Samji and Farhad Samji. Their work as writers include the films Shiva, Sunday, Double Dhamaal, Golmaal Returns, All The Best: Fun Begins, Housefull 2, Ready, Golmaal 3, Singham, Bol Bachchan, Chashme Baddoor, Himmatwala, Chennai Express, Entertainment and Singham Returns. Five of the films they have written have entered the Bollywood 100 crore club. In 2014, they started directing films with Entertainment.
TV6 (French TV channel)
TV6 (Télévision 6) was a French private and free national television channel dedicated to music and youth, created on 1 March 1986. Following the 1986 French legislative election, the new opposition government reallocated its slot to M6, leading to its shutdown exactly a year later on 28 February 1987, becoming the first French national television channel to permanently cease broadcasting (five years before La Cinq). M6 took over its frequencies on the following morning of 1 March 1987.

Despite its short-lived broadcast period, TV6 left its mark on the television genre with personalities such as Jean-Luc Delarue, Childéric Muller and Alain Maneval and a new tone, inventing the "free antenna" and music TV. TV6 has left a strong imprint on a whole generation.

TF1
TF1 (French: [te ɛf œ̃] ⓘ; standing for Télévision Française 1) is a French commercial television network owned by TF1 Group, controlled by the Bouygues conglomerate. TF1's average market share of 24% makes it the most popular domestic network.

TF1 is part of the TF1 Group of mass media companies, which also includes the news channel LCI. It previously owned the satellite TV provider TPS, which was sold to Canal+ Group.

The network is a supporter of the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HBBTV) initiative, promoting and establishing an open European standard for hybrid set-top boxes for the reception of terrestrial TV and broadband multimedia applications with a single user interface.
Shape waves
Shape waves are excitations propagating along Josephson vortices or fluxons. In the case of two-dimensional Josephson junctions (thick long Josephson junctions with an extra dimension) described by the 2D sine-Gordon equation, shape waves are distortions of a Josephson vortex line of an arbitrary profile. Shape waves have remarkable properties exhibiting Lorentz contraction and time dilation similar to that in special relativity. Position of the shape wave excitation on a Josephson vortex acts like a "minute-hand" showing the time in the rest-frame associated with the vortex. At some conditions, a moving vortex with the shape excitation can have less energy than the same vortex without it.

Sine-Gordon equation
The sine-Gordon equation is a second-order nonlinear partial differential equation for a function  dependent on two variables typically denoted  and , involving the wave operator and the sine of .

It was originally introduced by Edmond Bour (1862) in the course of study of surfaces of constant negative curvature as the Gauss–Codazzi equation for surfaces of constant Gaussian curvature −1 in 3-dimensional space. The equation was rediscovered by Yakov Frenkel and Tatyana Kontorova (1939) in their study of crystal dislocations known as the Frenkel–Kontorova model.

This equation attracted a lot of attention in the 1970s due to the presence of soliton solutions, and is an example of an integrable PDE. Among well-known integrable PDEs, the sine-Gordon equation is the only relativistic system due to its Lorentz invariance.
Oleksiy Prylipka
Oleksiy Vasylovych Prylipka (Ukrainian: Олексій Васильович Приліпка; 9 March 1944 – August 2024) was a Ukrainian agronomist and political scientist who earned the title of Hero of Ukraine in 2002. He was able to write about thirty scientific publications, including seven guides for academic institutions and business professionals, by skillfully combining his work with scientific expertise.

National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
The National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України, romanized: Natsionalnyi universytet bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy) is a public agricultural university in Kyiv, Ukraine.

Established in 1898, prior to 1992 the institution was named the Ukrainian Agricultural Academy (Ukrainian: Українська Сільськогосподарська Академія, romanized: Ukrainska Silskohospodarska Akademiia). From 1992 to 2008, it went by the name of National Agricultural University (Ukrainian: Національний Аграрний Університет, romanized: Natsionalnyi Ahrarnyi Universytet).
Werner's Nomenclature of Colours
Werner's Nomenclature of Colours (1814/1821) is an illustrated colour manual authored by Scottish botanical illustrator Patrick Syme. Containing painted colour swatches, the book was based on the colour system compiled by mineralogist Abraham Gottlob Werner. First published in 1814, Werner's Nomenclature was used by Charles Darwin in his scientific observations on the voyage of HMS Beagle. The publication was influential among nineteenth-century colour theorists, artists and decorators, and can be viewed as a predecessor of modern named colour systems such as Pantone.  The colours are illustrated and described, and examples shown of their use in ornithological plates in The Anatomy of Colour by Patrick Baty.

Abraham Gottlob Werner
Abraham Gottlob Werner (German: [ˈaːbʁaham ˈɡɔtloːp ˈvɛʁnɐ]; 25 September 1749 – 30 June 1817) was a German geologist who set out an early theory about the stratification of the Earth's crust and propounded a history of the Earth that came to be known as Neptunism. While most tenets of Neptunism were eventually set aside, Werner is remembered for his demonstration of chronological succession in rocks; for the zeal with which he infused his pupils; and for the impulse he thereby gave to the study of geology. He has been called the "father of German geology".
Log Cabin Camp, Illinois
Log Cabin Camp is an unincorporated community in Momence Township, Kankakee County, Illinois, United States. Log Cabin Camp is located on the south bank of the Kankakee River 4.2 miles (6.8 km) east of Momence.

Momence Township, Kankakee County, Illinois
Momence Township is one of seventeen townships in Kankakee County, Illinois, USA.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,586 and it contained 1,574 housing units. Momence Township is one of the original six townships of Kankakee County, Illinois; when first created the township encompassed land now in Sumner, Ganeer, and Pembroke Townships.  It was a township of Will County until Kankakee County was created.
Juliet Gerrard
Dame Juliet Ann Gerrard DNZM FRSNZ (born 1967) is a New Zealand biochemistry academic. She is a professor at the University of Auckland and was New Zealand Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor during the administration of Jacinda Ardern.

Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor
The Prime Minister's Chief Science Advisor (PMCSA) is a position in New Zealand, created in 2009. The Chief Science Advisor is responsible for providing independent scientific advice to the government, and may comment on scientific issues publicly.

The first PMCSA was Sir Peter Gluckman, who held the position for nine years. He was followed by Dame Juliet Gerrard, whose term finished in 2024. The role was vacant from 2024, until in May 2025 it was announced John Roche would be taking up the role.
A Compassionate Spy
A Compassionate Spy is a 2022 American documentary film written and directed by Steve James. It premiered out of competition at the 79th edition of the Venice Film Festival. The film was released in the United States on August 4, 2023.

Steve James (film producer)
Steve James (born March 8, 1955) is an American film producer and director of several documentaries, including Hoop Dreams (1994), Stevie (2002), The Interrupters (2011), Life Itself (2014), and Abacus: Small Enough to Jail (2016).
Forest, Texas
Forest is a community located in southeastern Cherokee County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 85 in 2000. It is located within the Tyler-Jacksonville combined statistical area.

Cherokee County, Texas
Cherokee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,412. The county seat is Rusk, which lies 130 miles southeast of Dallas and 160 miles north of Houston. The county was named for the Cherokee, who lived in the area before being expelled in 1839. Cherokee County comprises the Jacksonville micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Tyler–Jacksonville combined statistical area.
Palazzo Dugnani
Palazzo Dugnani or Palazzo Casati Dugnani is a Baroque-style monumental palace located on Via Daniele Marin #2, near Porta Venezia in Milan, region of Lombardy, Italy. The rear of the palace faces the street, while the facade faces the western edge of the Giardini Indro Montanelli. The palace is notable for its salon frescoed by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo.

Giovanni Battista Tiepolo
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (/tiˈɛpəloʊ/ tee-EP-ə-loh, Italian: [dʒoˈvanni batˈtista ˈtjɛːpolo, ˈtjeː-]; 5 March 1696 – 27 March 1770), also known as Giambattista (or Gianbattista) Tiepolo, was an Italian painter and printmaker from the Republic of Venice who painted in the Rococo style, considered an important member of the 18th-century Venetian school. He was prolific, and worked not only in Italy, but also in Germany and Spain.

Giovan Battista Tiepolo, together with Giambattista Pittoni, Canaletto, Giovan Battista Piazzetta, Giuseppe Maria Crespi, and Francesco Guardi are considered the traditional Old Masters of that period.

Successful from the beginning of his career, he has been described by Michael Levey as "the greatest decorative painter of eighteenth-century Europe, as well as its most able craftsman".
Siege of Tortosa (808–809)
The siege of Tortosa was a military campaign by King Louis the Pious of Aquitaine in 808–809. It was part of a decade of intense activity by Louis against the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in the region of the lower Ebro. The chronology of his campaigns, which must be worked out from both Latin and Arabic sources, is subject to different interpretations.

The siege was begun in 808 by Ingobert, Louis arriving the following year with a larger army and siege train. The earliest reference to trebuchets in western Europe is made in connection with this siege. Louis failed to take Tortosa or force its surrender, but he may have received a formal submission before retiring to his own kingdom. The Arabic sources present him as defeated by a relieving force, while at least one Latin source suggests that the walls were in fact breached.

Trebuchet
A trebuchet (French: trébuchet) is a type of catapult that uses a hinged arm with a sling attached to the tip to launch a projectile. It was a common powerful siege engine until the advent of gunpowder. The design of a trebuchet allows it to launch projectiles of greater weights and further distances than a traditional catapult.

There are two main types of trebuchet. The first is the traction trebuchet, or mangonel, which uses manpower to swing the arm. It first appeared in China by the 4th century BC. It spread westward, possibly via the Avars, and was adopted by the Byzantines, Persians, Arabs, and other neighboring peoples by the sixth to seventh centuries AD.

The later, and often larger and more powerful, counterweight trebuchet, also known as the counterpoise trebuchet, uses a counterweight to swing the arm. It appeared in both Christian and Muslim lands around the Mediterranean in the 12th century, and was carried back to China by the Mongols in the 13th century.
The Big Cat (film)
The Big Cat is a 1949 American outdoor action film in Technicolor directed by Phil Karlson. The cast included Lon McCallister, Peggy Ann Garner, Preston Foster, Forrest Tucker, Skip Homeier, and Gene Reynolds.

Karlson said the film "was a complete social statement. That was my answer to John Ford's The Grapes of Wrath."

Peggy Ann Garner
Peggy Ann Garner (February 3, 1932 – October 16, 1984) was an American actress.

As a child actress, Garner had her first film role in 1938. At the 18th Academy Awards in 1946, Garner won the Academy Juvenile Award, recognizing her body of contributions to film in 1945, particularly in A Tree Grows in Brooklyn and Junior Miss.

Featured roles in such films as Black Widow (1954) did not help to establish her in mature film roles, although she progressed to theatrical work and she made acting appearances on television as an adult.
Columbus, Wisconsin
Columbus is a city in Columbia and Dodge counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 5,540 at the 2020 census, all of which resided in Columbia County. Columbus is located about 28 miles (45 km) northeast of Madison on the Crawfish River.

Wisconsin Highway 60
State Trunk Highway 60, often called Highway 60, STH-60 or WIS 60, is a state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs east–west in southern Wisconsin from Prairie du Chien on the Mississippi River at the Iowa state line to the village of Grafton near Lake Michigan.
Strawberry Island (New York)
Strawberry Island is an uninhabited island in the Niagara River located in Erie County, New York, southeast of Grand Island.  The five-acre (2 ha) island is owned by the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation and is managed as a fish and wildlife preserve.

Erie County, New York
Erie County is a county along the shore of Lake Erie in the western region of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 954,236. However, in 2023 the estimated population was 946,147. The county seat is Buffalo, which makes up about 28% of the county's population. Both the county and Lake Erie were named for the regional Iroquoian language-speaking Erie tribe of Native Americans, who lived in the area before 1654. They were later pushed out by the more powerful Iroquoian nations tribes. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Erie County, along with its northern neighbor Niagara County, makes up the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area, the second largest in the State of New York behind New York City. The county's southern part is known as the Southtowns.
Lake Dunlap, Texas
Lake Dunlap is a census-designated place in Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,934 at the 2010 census. It is part of the San Antonio–New Braunfels metropolitan area.

The community is named after the former Lake Dunlap, a small reservoir on the Guadalupe River. In 2019, the dam failed, draining the lake. The repair was completed in August 2023, and the lake fully restored by the end of October that year.

Lake Dunlap
Lake Dunlap is a reservoir on the Guadalupe River near the town of New Braunfels in Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. The reservoir was formed in 1931 by the construction of a dam to provide hydroelectric power to the area. Management of the dam and lake was assumed by the Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority on May 1, 1963. Lake Dunlap serves as a venue for outdoor recreation, including fishing and boating. In 2019, the dam failed, draining the lake. The repair was completed in August 2023, and the lake fully restored by the end of October that year.
West End, Illinois
West End is an unincorporated community in Franklin and Saline counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. The portion of the community in Franklin County is part of Cave Township, while the portion in Saline County is part of Tate Township. The community is located along Illinois Route 34 3.7 miles (6.0 km) east-southeast of Thompsonville.

Franklin County, Illinois
Franklin County is a county in Southern Illinois. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 37,804. The largest city is West Frankfort and the county seat is Benton. Franklin County is located in the Metro Lakeland area of Southern Illinois.
Chrząszczewo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Chrząszczewo [xʂɔ̃ʂˈt͡ʂɛvɔ] (German: Gristow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamień Pomorski, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.

The village has a population of 150.

Gmina Kamień Pomorski
Gmina Kamień Pomorski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Kamień Pomorski, which lies approximately 63 kilometres (39 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 208.57 square kilometres (80.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 14,389 (out of which the population of Kamień Pomorski amounts to 9,134, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,255).
New York Lizards
The New York Lizards, originally the Long Island Lizards, were a Major League Lacrosse (MLL) team based in Hempstead, New York, located on Long Island. They are original members of the MLL. They lost the league's inaugural game on June 7, 2001 to the Baltimore Bayhawks (now Chesapeake Bayhawks), 16–13.

2019 New York Lizards season
The 2019 New York Lizards season is the nineteenth season for the Lizards franchise of Major League Lacrosse. The Lizards are coming off an 8–6 season in which they finished fourth place in the league standings and grabbed the last playoff spot. The team ultimately lost to their former in-state rival and now Dallas Rattlers, 15–12 in the semifinals.

The Lizards, like most teams in the league, would have to rebuild from a max exodus of players to the new Premier Lacrosse League, a new professional league founded by former Lizard and MLL star Paul Rabil. The Lizards would end up finishing last place in the league standings at 5–11, their worst record since going 4–10 in 2013. It was the first season for the Lizards under the reigns of B.J. O'Hara, four-time Steinfeld Cup-winning coach. O'Hara replaced Joe Spallina officially on December 19, 2018, after Spallina decided to step back into a front office role.