hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cocos2d
Cocos2d is an open-source game development framework for creating 2D games and other graphical software for iOS, Android, Windows, macOS, Linux, HarmonyOS, OpenHarmony and web platforms. It is written in C++ and provides bindings for various programming languages, including C++, C#, Lua, and JavaScript. The framework offers a wide range of features, including physics, particle systems, skeletal animations, tile maps, and others.

Cocos2d was first released in 2008, and was originally written in Python. It contains many branches with the best known being Cocos2d-ObjC (formerly known as Cocos2d-iPhone), Cocos2d-x, Cocos2d-JS and Cocos2d-XNA. There are also many third-party tools, editors and libraries made by the Cocos2d community, such as particle editors, spritesheet editors, font editors, and level editors, like SpriteBuilder and CocoStudio.

Lua
Lua (/ˈluːə/ LOO-ə; from Portuguese: lua [ˈlu(w)ɐ] meaning moon) is a lightweight, high-level, multi-paradigm programming language designed mainly for embedded use in applications. Lua is cross-platform software, since the interpreter of compiled bytecode is written in ANSI C, and Lua has a relatively simple C application programming interface (API) to embed it into applications.

Lua originated in 1993 as a language for extending software applications to meet the increasing demand for customization at the time. It provided the basic facilities of most procedural programming languages, but more complicated or domain-specific features were not included; rather, it included mechanisms for extending the language, allowing programmers to implement such features. As Lua was intended to be a general embeddable extension language, the designers of Lua focused on improving its speed, portability, extensibility and ease-of-use in development.
Rowland Lee (bishop)
Bishop Rowland Lee (or Leigh; c. 1487 – 28 January 1543) was an English clergyman who served as Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield 1534–43 and also as Lord President of the Marches under King Henry VIII.

Bishop of Lichfield
The Bishop of Lichfield is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Lichfield in the Province of Canterbury. The diocese covers 4,516 km2 (1,744 sq. mi.) of the counties of Powys, Staffordshire, Shropshire, Warwickshire and West Midlands. The bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saint Chad in the city of Lichfield. The Bishop's residence is the Bishop's House, Lichfield, in the cathedral close. In the past, the title has had various forms (see below). The current bishop is Michael Ipgrave, following the confirmation of his election on 10 June 2016.
Kofi Adumua Bossman
Kofi Adumua Bossman (27 March 1907 – 1967) was a Ghanaian barrister, a jurist and a politician. He was a prominent legal practitioner based in Accra in the 1940s and 1950s prior to being called to the bench. He was a Supreme Court Judge during the first republic. He was dismissed in 1964. In 1966 he was appointed as a member of the constitutional commission during the National Liberation Council (NLC) regime.

Supreme Court of Ghana
The Supreme Court of Ghana is the highest judicial body in Ghana. Ghana's 1992 constitution guarantees the independence and separation of the Judiciary from the Legislative and the Executive arms of government.

The Supreme Court of Ghana has the final say on legal matters and can overturn lower court decisions. The Court consists of nine justices and hears cases on a wide range of issues, including criminal law, civil law, and administrative law.
2025 New South Wales Liberal Party leadership election
The 2025 New South Wales Liberal Party leadership election was held on 21 November 2025 to elect the leader of the New South Wales Liberal Party and, ex officio, Leader of the Opposition. Kellie Sloane was elected unopposed.

It is the second leadership election within the NSW Liberal–National Coalition in the span of one week. It is also the third leadership election taking place within state and territory Liberal Party branches in November 2025 (following the 2025 Canberra Liberals leadership election and 2025 Victorian Liberal Party leadership spill).

This election did not result in any changes to the party's deputy or upper house (Legislative Council) leadership. This means that the Liberal leader and deputy leader will both be female. The deputy remains as Natalie Ward and the upper house leader will continue to be Damien Tudehope.

2025 Victorian Liberal Party leadership spill
The 2025 Victorian Liberal Party leadership spill was held on 18 November 2025 to elect the leader of the Victorian Liberal Party and, ex officio, Leader of the Opposition.

Following a successful leadership spill against Brad Battin, Jess Wilson was elected as leader unopposed. The position of deputy leader was also spilled. Sam Groth was challenged by David Southwick. Groth retained his position, winning by 17 votes to 15.
Tino Chrupalla
Tino Chrupalla (German: [ˈtiːno kʁʊˈpala]; born 14 April 1975) is a German politician from the far-right party Alternative for Germany (AfD). A member of the German parliament (Bundestag) since 2017, he has served as co-chairman of the AfD since 2019 along with Alice Weidel. In November 2019, Chrupalla was nominated by Alexander Gauland to replace the latter as co-chairman of the AfD; he later won election as co-chair. He is notable for his pro-Russian and anti-Western views on foreign policy.

Alexander Gauland
Eberhardt Alexander Gauland (born 20 February 1941) is a German politician, journalist and lawyer who served as leader of the political party Alternative for Germany (AfD) in the Bundestag from September 2017 to 2021, and co-leader of the party from December 2017 to November 2019. He has been the Member of the Bundestag (MdB) for Chemnitz since March 2025, having previously served on the state list of Brandenburg from September 2017. Gauland was the party's co-founder and was its federal spokesman from 2017 to 2019 and the party leader for the state of Brandenburg from 2013 to 2017.
Jing Yali
Jing Yali (Chinese: 荆雅礼; pinyin: Jīng Yālǐ; born 25 May 1989) is a track cyclist from China. She represented her nation at the 2014 and 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, and at the 2015 Asian Cycling Championships, where she won a gold medal in team pursuit.

Jing competed for the Chinese track cycling team in the women's team pursuit at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. There, she delivered the foursome of Huang Dongyan, Ma Menglu, and Zhao Baofang a seventh-place time and an Asian track cycling record of 4:23.678 in the semifinals, losing the opening heat to the Italian squad by almost a full second.

Huang Dongyan
Huang Dongyan (Chinese: 黄冬艳; pinyin: Huang Dongyan, born 14 December 1993) is a Chinese professional racing cyclist. She rides for China Chongming-Liv-Champion System Pro Cycling. She is from Shanghai. She also competed at the 2014 Asian Games.
Ambient ionization
Ambient ionization is a form of ionization in which ions are formed in an ion source outside the mass spectrometer without sample preparation or separation. Ions can be formed by extraction into charged electrospray droplets, thermally desorbed and ionized by chemical ionization, or laser desorbed or ablated and post-ionized before they enter the mass spectrometer.

Chemical ionization
Chemical ionization (CI) is a soft ionization technique used in mass spectrometry. This was first introduced by Burnaby Munson and Frank H. Field in 1966. This technique is a branch of gaseous ion-molecule chemistry. Reagent gas molecules (often methane or ammonia) are ionized by electron ionization to form reagent ions, which subsequently react with analyte molecules in the gas phase to create analyte ions for analysis by mass spectrometry. Negative chemical ionization (NCI), charge-exchange chemical ionization, atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) are some of the common variants of the technique. CI mass spectrometry finds general application in the identification, structure elucidation and quantitation of organic compounds as well as some utility in biochemical analysis. Samples to be analyzed must be in vapour form, or else (in the case of liquids or solids), must be vapourized before introduction into the source.
John Hogan (Newfoundland and Labrador politician)
John Joseph Hogan KC MHA (born March 7, 1978) is a Canadian politician who served as the 15th premier of Newfoundland and Labrador from May to October 2025. Hogan was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly in the 2021 provincial election as the Liberal member for the electoral district of Windsor Lake. He served as Attorney General, Minister of Justice and Public Safety and Minister of Health and Community Services in the ministry of Premier Andrew Furey from 2021 to 2025.

He was elected leader of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador on May 3, 2025 and subsequently took over as Premier. In the general election in October 2025, the Liberals were defeated by the Progressive Conservatives in an upset, with polls showing the Liberals with a strong polling lead as well as polls showing Hogan's approval rating being over 50%.

Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador
The premier of Newfoundland and Labrador is the first minister and head of government for the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Since 1949, the premier's duties and office has been the successor to the ministerial position of the prime minister of the former Dominion of Newfoundland. Before 2001, the official title was Premier of Newfoundland.

The premier is appointed by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, as representative of the King in Right of Newfoundland and Labrador. They are usually the leader of the party that commands a majority in the House of Assembly. The word premier is derived from the French word of the same spelling, meaning "first"; and ultimately from the Latin word primarius, meaning "primary".

The current premier of Newfoundland and Labrador is Tony Wakeham, since October 29, 2025. He represents Stephenville-Port au Port in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly.
Constance Backhouse
Constance Barbara Backhouse, CM OOnt FRSC (born February 19, 1952) is a Canadian legal scholar and historian, specializing in gender and race discrimination. She is a Distinguished University Professor and University Research Chair at the Faculty of Law, University of Ottawa in Ottawa, Canada. In addition to her academic publications, Backhouse is the author of several books on feminist- and race-related legal rights topics. Backhouse is President of the American Society for Legal History, and is the first non-US scholar to hold this position.

Order of Ontario
The Order of Ontario (French: Ordre de l'Ontario) is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Ontario. Instituted in 1986 by Lieutenant Governor Lincoln Alexander, on the advice of the Cabinet under Premier David Peterson, the civilian order is administered by the Lieutenant Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Ontario residents for conspicuous achievements in any field.
Ron Jefferson
Ron Jefferson (February 13, 1926, in New York City – May 7, 2007, in Richmond, Virginia) was a jazz drummer.

Considered a disciple of Max Roach, in the 1950s, he worked with Coleman Hawkins, Roy Eldridge, Oscar Pettiford, and Lester Young, among others.

A founding member of Les McCann's trio, with whom he played from 1960 to 1964, he also recorded with "Groove" Holmes, as well as with Joe Pass for Pacific Jazz Records in 1963/1964.

After leaving the West Coast, he went to live in Paris, and from there to Barcelona, backing Ruth Brown as part of a trio with pianist Stuart de Silva.

He led his own line-ups comprising Bobby Hutcherson, among others.

He was an uncle of drummer Al Foster.

In the 1980s, Jefferson served as the co-host of the John Lewis Show, a public-access television show in New York City hosted by jazz pianist and composer John Lewis.

He died in Richmond at the age of 81 after being hospitalized with an illness.

Joe Pass
Joe Pass (born Joseph Anthony Jacobi Passalacqua; January 13, 1929 – May 23, 1994) was an American jazz guitarist. Pass recorded and performed live with pianist Oscar Peterson, composer Duke Ellington, and vocalist Ella Fitzgerald, and he is generally esteemed as one of the most notable jazz guitarists of the 20th century for his solo guitar playing, found on recordings such as Virtuoso.
39th World Science Fiction Convention
The 39th World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as Denvention II, was held on 3–7 September 1981 at the Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel in Denver, Colorado, United States.

The chairmen were Suzanne Carnival and Don C. Thompson.

Worldcon
The World Science Fiction Convention, branded as Worldcon, is a science fiction convention and the annual convention of the World Science Fiction Society (WSFS). It has been held each year since 1939 (except for the years 1942 to 1945, during World War II). The members of each Worldcon are the members of WSFS, and vote both to select the site of the Worldcon two years later, and to select the winners of the annual Hugo Awards, which are presented at each convention.
Gerd Katter
Gerd Katter (14 March 1910 – 1995) was a German apprentice carpenter, insurance agent and patient of the notable German physician and sexologist, Magnus Hirschfeld.

Katter is largely discussed in the context of his gender identity and status as a patient of Magnus Hirschfeld. Though he was assigned female at birth, Katter lived as a man, changing his name, pronouns and physical form to align with his sense of gender.

Magnus Hirschfeld
Magnus Hirschfeld (14 May 1868 – 14 May 1935) was a German physician, sexologist, and LGBTQ advocate whose German citizenship was revoked in 1933 by the Nazi government.

Hirschfeld was educated in philosophy, philology, and medicine. An outspoken advocate for sexual minorities, he founded the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee and the World League for Sexual Reform. During the 1920s he based his practice in Berlin-Charlottenburg. His Committee carried out "the first advocacy for homosexual and transgender rights".

Hirschfeld is regarded as one of the most influential 20th-century sexologists. He was targeted by early fascists, and later by the Nazis, for being Jewish and gay. He was beaten by völkisch activists in 1920, and in 1933 his Institut für Sexualwissenschaft was looted and its books burned by Nazis. He was forced into exile in France, where he died in 1935.
Operation Uttaran
Operation Uttaran (Bengali: অপারেশন উত্তরণ, lit. 'Operation Upliftment') is a counterinsurgency military operation in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh, the operation has been ongoing since September 2001. It replaced Operation Dabanal.

Chittagong Hill Tracts
The Chittagong Hill Tracts (Bengali: পার্বত্য চট্টগ্রাম, romanized: Pārbôtyô Côṭṭôgrām), often shortened to simply the Hill Tracts and abbreviated to CHT, includes the three hilly districts within the Chittagong Division in southeastern Bangladesh, bordering India and Myanmar (Burma) in the east: Khagrachhari, Rangamati, and Bandarban. Covering 13,295 square kilometres (5,133 mi2), CHT is an extensively hilly area and home to a variety of tribal peoples in Bangladesh. The CHT were divided by the British in the 19th century into three tribal chieftaincies, the Chakma Circle, the Mong Circle and the Bohmong Circle. They formed a single district until 1984, when they were divided into three separate districts.
Employee recognition
Employee recognition is the timely, informal or formal acknowledgement of a person's behavior, effort, or business result that supports the organization's goals and values, and exceeds their superior's normal expectations. Recognition has been held to be a constructive response and a judgment made about a person's contribution, reflecting not just work performance but also personal dedication and engagement on a regular or ad hoc basis, and expressed formally or informally, individually or collectively, privately or publicly, and monetarily or non-monetarily (Brun & Dugas, 2008).

Job performance
Job performance assesses whether a person performs a job well. Job performance, studied academically as part of industrial and organizational psychology, also forms a part of human resources management. Performance is an important criterion for organizational outcomes and success.  John P. Campbell describes job performance as an individual-level variable, or something a single person does. This differentiates it from more encompassing constructs such as organizational performance or national performance, which are higher-level variables.
Verkhoturov Island
Verkhoturov Island (Russian: остров Верхотурова, romanized: ostrov Verkhoturova), also known as Maly Karaginsky (Малый Карагинский) and Chachame (Чачамэ), is a Russian island in the Karaginsky Gulf of the Bering Sea. It is located between Karaginsky Island and the Kamchatka Peninsula.

Karaginsky Island
Karaginsky Island or Karaginskiy Island (Russian: Карагинский остров) is an island in the Karaginsky Gulf of the Bering Sea. The 40-kilometre (25 mi)-wide strait between the Kamchatka Peninsula and this island is called Litke Strait. Karaginsky Island is a Ramsar site. Even though the island is uninhabited, the Karagin Koryaks have traditionally lived in Karaginskiy Island. Migrant reindeer herders still live in temporary shelters on the island.

The island is 101 km (63 mi) long and up to 27 km (17 mi) wide, with an area of 193,597 ha (1,935.97 km2; 747.48 sq mi). The highest peak of the island is 912 m (2,992 ft). Karaginsky Island is covered with tundra vegetation and cedar underwood. In the summer, there are many flowers.

Verkhoturov Island (Ostrov Verkhoturova), a small and narrow island, lies 45 km (28 mi) north of Karaginsky Island's northern tip. It is 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long and has an average width of 0.5 km (0.31 mi).
Kusza coat of arms
Kusza (pronounced Ku-Sha) is a Polish coat of arms.

Families using the main variant of the coat are: Bystrycki, Bystrzycki, Korejwa or Koreywa, Leszczynowicz, Kosicki, Kuszcz, Kuszczyński, Maszkiewicz, Maślakiewicz, Oławski, and Otawski.

Families using Kusza II are Bajrasz, and Czyczuda.

Polish heraldry
Polish heraldry is the study of the coats of arms that have historically been used in Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It treats of specifically Polish heraldic traits and of the Polish heraldic system, contrasted with heraldic systems used elsewhere, notably in Western Europe. Due to the distinctive ways in which feudal societies evolved, Poland's heraldic traditions differ substantially from those of the modern-day German lands and France.

Polish heraldry is an integral part of the history of the Polish szlachta (nobility).
Robin Hood's Larder
Robin Hood's Larder (also known as the Butcher's Oak, the Slaughter Tree and the Shambles Oak) was a veteran tree in Sherwood Forest that measured 24 feet (7.3 m) in circumference.  The tree had long been hollow and is reputed to have been used by the legendary outlaw Robin Hood and others as a larder for poached meat.  It was badly burnt by fire in the late 19th century and again in 1913.  The tree fell in a gale in 1961 and no trace of it remains.

Sherwood Forest
Sherwood Forest consists of the remnants of an ancient Royal Forest in Nottinghamshire, in the East Midlands region of England. It is associated with the legend of Robin Hood. The forest was proclaimed by William the Conqueror and mentioned in the Domesday Book in 1086. The reserve has the highest concentration of ancient trees in Europe.

Today, Sherwood Forest National Nature Reserve encompasses 424.75 hectares (1,049.6 acres), surrounding the village of Edwinstowe and the site of Thoresby Hall. The reserve contains more than a thousand ancient oaks which are known to be more than 500 years old, with the Major Oak being twice that age.
Terrence Siambun
Terrence Alon Siambun is a Malaysian politician from Sabah. He served one term as the Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Moyog from 2013 to 2018 under the People's Justice Party (PKR). He is presently the vice-president of the Heritage Party (WARISAN) and has been active in Sabah state politics for over a decade. In 2025, he was WARISAN's candidate for Moyog in the 17th Sabah state election, losing to Donald Peter Mojuntin of UPKO.

Donald Peter Mojuntin
Donald Peter Mojuntin (born 26 January 1965) is a Malaysian politician and lawyer who served as a Senator from December 2018 to December 2021, Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Moyog from March 2008 to May 2013 and Member of Parliament (MP) for Penampang from March 2004 to March 2008. He is a member of the United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation (UPKO), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. He has served as the Vice President of PH since August 2021 and Deputy President of UPKO since November 2019. He is also the son of former State Minister of Housing and Local Government of Sabah, Datuk Peter Joinod Mojuntin who died in the Sabah Air GAF Nomad crash on 6 June 1976.
Alureon
Alureon (also known as TDSS or TDL-4) is a trojan and rootkit created to steal data by intercepting a system's network traffic and searching for banking usernames and passwords, credit card data, PayPal information, social security numbers, and other sensitive user data. Following a series of customer complaints, Microsoft determined that Alureon caused a wave of BSoDs on some 32-bit Microsoft Windows systems. The update, MS10-015, triggered these crashes by breaking assumptions made by the malware author(s).

According to research conducted by Microsoft, Alureon was the second most active botnet in the second quarter of 2010.

Botnet
A botnet is a group of Internet-connected devices, each of which runs one or more bots. Botnets can be used to perform distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, steal data, send spam, and allow the attacker to access the device and its connection. The owner can control the botnet using command and control (C&C) software. The word "botnet" is a portmanteau of the words "robot" and "network". The term is usually used with a negative or malicious connotation.
Institut Clément Ader
The Institut Clément Ader (English: Clément Ader Institute) is a research laboratory under the supervision of the Institut national des sciences appliquées de Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), the Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier University (UPS), the École des mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), the Institut supérieur de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (ISAE-SUPAERO) and the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS).

Created in 2009, it is a joint research unit (UMR CNRS no. 5312) based in Toulouse and with branches in Albi, Tarbes and Figeac.

Unité mixte de recherche
In France, a unité mixte de recherche (UMR), or joint research unit as translated into English, is an administrative type of research laboratory that is partially supported by CNRS and partially by other organizations or universities, in terms of funds, academic and non-academic staff, and other type of support.
Goldfield (baseball)
The Goldfield "Miners" were a minor league baseball team based in Goldfield, Nevada. The "Miners" played the 1907 season as members of the Independent level Nevada State League. Goldfield won the league championship in the only season of minor league play in Goldfield, Nevada.

Nevada State League
The Nevada State League was an Independent level minor league baseball league that played in the 1907 season. The four–team Nevada State League consisted of teams based in Nevada. The Nevada State League played just the 1907 season before permanently folding. Notably, league president John T. Powers was scheduled to umpire a league game in Goldfield, Nevada during the season and took the field with revolvers strapped around his waist, before law enforcement intervened.