hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
20936 Nemrut Dagi
20936 Nemrut Dagi (provisional designation 4835 T-1) is a stony Hungaria asteroid and Mars-grazer from the innermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.5 kilometers (2.2 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 13 May 1971, by Dutch astronomer couple Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden, on photographic plates taken by Dutch–American astronomer Tom Gehrels at Palomar Observatory in California, United States. The asteroid has a rotation period of 3.28 hours, a likely spheroidal shape, and a high albedo typically seen among the enstatite-rich E-type asteroids. In 2012, it was named after the a dormant volcano Nemrut (Nemrut Dağı) in Turkey.

Hungaria asteroids
The Hungaria asteroids, also known as the Hungaria group, are a dynamical group of asteroids in the asteroid belt which orbit the Sun with a semi-major axis (longest radius of an ellipse) between 1.78 and 2.00 astronomical units (AU). They are the innermost dense concentration of asteroids in the Solar System—the near-Earth asteroids are much more sparse—and derive their name from their largest member 434 Hungaria. The Hungaria group includes the Hungaria family (FIN: 003), a collisional asteroid family which dominates its population.
The Garth Brooks World Tour (1996–1998)
The Garth Brooks World Tour was a concert tour by American country music artist Garth Brooks. Launching in support of Brooks' albums, Fresh Horses (1995), and later Sevens (1997), the tour followed Brooks' 1993–1994 tour and also featured appearances by Trisha Yearwood. The tour ran from March 12, 1996, to November 22, 1998, for a total of 344 concerts. Even though this was Brooks' final concert tour before his retirement in 2001, it drew record-breaking crowds in North America, two places in Ireland, and one place in South America, becoming the third-most attended concert tour of all time, as well as one of the decade's highest-grossing concert tours.

The Garth Brooks World Tour (1993–1994)
The Garth Brooks World Tour was a concert tour by American country music artist Garth Brooks from 1993–1994. Spanning ten countries in less than two years, it was Brooks' most travelled tour to date, and his third concert tour. It launched in support of his 1993 album, In Pieces, and visited many cities throughout North America, Europe, Oceania, and South America.
Shibuya Route
The Shibuya Route (渋谷線, Shibuya-sen), signed as Route 3 of the Shuto Expressway system and AH1 as a part of that route of the Asian Highway Network, is one of the radial routes of the tolled Shuto Expressway system in the Tokyo area. The 11.7-kilometer-long (7.3 mi) elevated expressway was planned as a part of Tokyo's post-war redevelopment before the 1964 Summer Olympics. As a radial route, it travels southwest from its eastern terminus at the Inner Circular Route, Tokyo's innermost ring road in Meguro, to the eastern terminus of the Tōmei Expressway in Setagaya.

Inner Circular Route
The Inner Circular Route (都心環状線, Toshin Kanjō-sen), signed as Route C1, is one of the routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the central part of the Greater Tokyo Area. The route is a complete loop around the central Tokyo wards of Chiyoda, Chūō, and Minato, with a total length of 14.8 kilometers (9.2 mi). In addition to serving areas of central Tokyo, the Inner Circular Route also serves as the origin of the radial routes of the Shuto Expressway. A section of the expressway is built above the Shibuya River.
Philip Edward Archer
Philip Edward Archer MSG JSC (22 February 1925 – 10 May 2002) was the Chief Justice of Ghana between 1991 and 1995. He was the eighth person to hold this position since Ghana became an independent nation. He died on 10 May 2002.

Supreme Court of Ghana
The Supreme Court of Ghana is the highest judicial body in Ghana. Ghana's 1992 constitution guarantees the independence and separation of the Judiciary from the Legislative and the Executive arms of government.

The Supreme Court of Ghana has the final say on legal matters and can overturn lower court decisions. The Court consists of nine justices and hears cases on a wide range of issues, including criminal law, civil law, and administrative law.
Jehdeiah Bowen
Jehdeiah Bowen (July 19, 1817 – November 18, 1891) was a native of Wales who emigrated to the United States and became an American merchant, pioneer, and politician.

A resident of Carbondale, Pennsylvania from 1830 until the 1850s, he relocated to Ripon, Wisconsin, where he established a knitting factory and worked with Alvan E. Bovay to form a chapter of the Republican Party. A member of the Democratic Party at the time, Bowen was later described by Bovay as his "chief helper" in making the new chapter a reality.

In addition he helped to found Ripon College.

Alvan E. Bovay
Alvan Earle Bovay (July 12, 1818 – January 13, 1903) was an American politician and one of the founders of the Republican Party.  He served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1859 and 1860, representing Fond du Lac County.
Katzwinkel, Vulkaneifel
Katzwinkel (German pronunciation: [ˈkatsˌvɪŋkl̩]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kelberg, whose seat is in the like-named municipality.

Kelberg
Kelberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the like-named Verbandsgemeinde, and is home to its seat. Kelberg is a state-recognized climatic spa.
Qnat
Qnât, Qnat, Qanat, Knat or Kanat (Arabic: قنات) is a municipality in the Bsharri District of Lebanon. The village is located just south of a large cliff and near the towns of Mazraat Bani Saab and Hadath El Jebbeh.

The town is a member of the Federation of Municipalities of Bcharreh District. The name of the town comes from the Semitic root word "Qna" meaning ′Good Livelihood", the name was also attributed to the God El, whose Daughter was called the goddess Anat in Greek mythology.

Mazraat Bani Saab
Mazraat Bani Saab (Arabic: مزرعة بني صعب), also spelled Mazraat Abi Saab or Mazraat Beni’ Saab, is a village in the Bsharri District of Lebanon. The village is located near the towns of Qnat and Mazraat Aassaf. The village is designated by the Ministry of Tourism as a protected ecotourism site.
Källén–Lehmann spectral representation
The Källén–Lehmann spectral representation, or simply Lehmann representation, gives a general expression for the (time ordered) two-point function of an interacting quantum field theory as a sum of free propagators. It was discovered by Gunnar Källén in 1952, and independently by Harry Lehmann in 1954. This can be written as, using the mostly-minus metric signature,

where  is the spectral density function that should be positive definite. In a gauge theory, this latter condition cannot be granted but nevertheless a spectral representation can be provided. This belongs to non-perturbative techniques of quantum field theory.

Propagator
In quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, the propagator is a function that specifies the probability amplitude for a particle to travel from one place to another in a given period of time, or to travel with a certain energy and momentum. In Feynman diagrams, which serve to calculate the rate of collisions in quantum field theory, virtual particles contribute their propagator to the rate of the scattering event described by the respective diagram. Propagators may also be viewed as the inverse of the wave operator appropriate to the particle, and are, therefore, often called (causal) Green's functions (called "causal" to distinguish it from the elliptic Laplacian Green's function).
Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Lead Performer in a Broadway Play
The Outer Critics Circle Award for Best Performance by a Lead Performer in a Broadway Play is an honor presented at the Outer Critics Circle Awards, a ceremony established in 1950 for excellence in Broadway productions, to actors for quality leading roles in a play, whether a new production or a revival. The awards replaced the former awards for Best Actor and Actress in a Play, replaced by distinct Broadway and Off-Broadway gender-neutral categories.

Outer Critics Circle Awards
The Outer Critics Circle Awards are presented annually for Broadway and Off-Broadway theatrical achievements. They are presented by the Outer Critics Circle (OCC), the official organization of New York theater writers for out-of-town newspapers, digital and national publications, and other media beyond Broadway. The awards were first presented during the 1949–50 theater season.
1931 NCAA Track and Field Championships
The 1931 NCAA Track and Field Championships was the ninth NCAA track and field championship.  The meet was held at Stagg Field in Chicago, Illinois in June 1931.  Athletes from 80 universities and colleges participated in the meet.

NCAA Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championship
The NCAA Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championship refers to one of three annual collegiate outdoor track and field competitions for men organised by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for athletes from institutions that make up its three divisions: Division I, II, and III. In each event athlete's individual performances earn points for their institution and the team with the most points receives the NCAA team title in track and field.

NCAA Division I Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championships

NCAA Division II Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championships

NCAA Division III Men's Outdoor Track and Field Championships

A separate NCAA women's competition is also held.
Needingworth
Needingworth is a village in Cambridgeshire, England. Needingworth lies approximately 7 miles (11 km) east of Huntingdon and just west of the Prime Meridian, as seen in its latitude below. Needingworth is in the civil parish of Holywell-cum-Needingworth. Needingworth is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England. The village is attached to Holywell by a single road, connecting the two villages.

Holywell, Cambridgeshire
Holywell is a village in Cambridgeshire, England, approximately 6 miles (10 km) east of Huntingdon, in the civil parish of Holywell-cum-Needingworth. It is situated within Huntingdonshire, a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire, and is a historic county of England.
John Dyer
John Dyer (1699 – 15 December 1757) was a painter and Welsh poet who became a priest in the Church of England. He was most recognised for Grongar Hill, one of six early poems featured in a 1726 miscellany. Longer works published later include the less successful genre poems, The Ruins of Rome (1740) and The Fleece (1757). His work has always been more anthologised than published in separate editions, but his talent was later recognised by William Wordsworth among others.

William Wordsworth
William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798).

Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi-autobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times. It was posthumously titled and published by his wife in the year of his death, before which it was generally known as "The Poem to Coleridge".

Wordsworth was Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death from pleurisy on 23 April 1850. He remains one of the most recognizable names in English poetry and was a key figure of the Romantic poets.
HMS Noble (1915)
HMS Noble was a Repeat Admiralty M-class destroyer that served in the Royal Navy during the First World War. The M class was an improvement on those of the preceding L class, capable of higher speed. Originally to be called Nisus, Noble was renamed before being launched in 1915. Joining the Twelfth Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet, the vessel took part in the Battle of Jutland in 1916, during which the warship unsuccessfully attacked the light cruisers of the German High Seas Fleet. In 1917, the destroyer formed part of the escort for the dreadnought battleships of the First Battle Squadron to the Second Battle of Heligoland Bight but again reported no hits. After the Armistice that ended the war, Noble was initially put in reserve and then sold in 1921 to be broken up.

Admiralty M-class destroyer
The M class, more properly known as the Admiralty M class, were a class of 85 destroyers built for the Royal Navy of United Kingdom that saw service during World War I. All ships were built to an identical – Admiralty – design, hence the class name. Eighteen other vessels which were officially included within the 'M' class were built to variant designs by three specialist builders – 10 by Yarrow, 6 by Thornycroft (who also built another 6 to the standard Admiralty design), and 2 by Hawthorn Leslie; these are covered in other articles.

The Admiralty design was based on the preceding L class but modified to produce an increase in speed by approximately 6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph). All ships built to the Admiralty design had three identical narrow, circular funnels (this did not apply to the 18 ships built by the specialist yards).
2013 Waterford Crystal Cup
The 2013 Waterford Crystal Cup was the eighth staging of the Waterford Crystal Cup since its establishment in 2006. The draw for the 2013 fixtures took place on 8 November 2012. The competition began on 20 January 2013 and concluded on 10 February 2013.

Tipperary were the defending champions. The final was contested by Clare and Tipp under lights in Thurles on 9 February 2013, with Clare winning by 1-21 to 1-13.

2012 Waterford Crystal Cup
The 2012 Waterford Crystal Cup was the seventh staging of the Waterford Crystal Cup since its establishment in 2006. The draw for the 2012 fixtures took place on 3 November 2011. The championship began on 22 January 2012 and ended on 4 March 2012.

Waterford were the defending champions, however, Tipperary won the cup following a 1–21 to 2–12 defeat of Clare.
Gudipala
Gudipala is one of the mandals in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. Gudipala is a Suburb of Chittoor City. It is located near the Andhra-Tamil Nadu state border. Gudipala mandal headquarters is 20 km far from Vellore City And 12 km far from Chittoor City. In 2012 some gram panchayats of Gudipala Mandal were added to Chittoor Municipal Corporation (CHUDA).

Both public and private transport are available. Many educational institutions were there around the mandal. Private Town buses run from Chittoor to Pillarikuppam via Gudipala. Gudipala is a suburb of Chittoorcity.

Chittoor
Chittoor is a city and district headquarters in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is also the mandal and divisional headquarters of Chittoor mandal and Chittoor revenue division respectively. The city has a population of 189,332.
Smeegol Linux
Smeegol Linux is a MeeGo and openSUSE Linux-based open source mobile operating system made available from Novell and their openSUSE Goblin Team under the name Smeegol Linux.

This Linux distribution combines openSUSE with MeeGo's netbook oriented user interface to get a new Linux distribution  designed for netbooks. What makes Smeegol Linux unique when compared to the upstream MeeGo or openSUSE is that this distribution is at its core based on openSUSE but has the MeeGo User Experience as well as a few other changes such as adding the Mono-based Banshee media player, NetworkManager-powered network configuration, a newer version of Evolution Express, and a range of social networking features for Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, Flickr and Digg, plus Firefox and Chromium web browsers already pre-installed. Any end-users can also build their own customized Smeegol Linux OS using SUSE Studio.

OpenSUSE
openSUSE ( /ˌoʊpənˈsuːzə/) is a free and open-source Linux distribution developed by the openSUSE Project. It is offered in two main variations: Tumbleweed, an upstream rolling release distribution, and Leap, a stable release distribution which is sourced from SUSE Linux Enterprise.

The openSUSE project is sponsored by SUSE of Germany; the company released the first version as SUSE Linux in 1994. Its development was opened up to the community in 2005, which marked the creation of openSUSE. The focus of the developers is on creating a stable and user-friendly RPM-based operating system with a large target group for workstations and servers.

Additionally, the project creates a variety of related tools, such as Agama, Myrlyn, YaST, Open Build Service, openQA, Snapper, Portus, KIWI, and OSEM.
IAIK-JCE
IAIK-JCE is a Java-based Cryptographic Service Provider, which is being developed at the Institute for Applied Information Processing and Communications (IAIK) at the Graz University of Technology. It offers support for many commonly used cryptographic algorithms, such as hash functions, message authentication codes, symmetric, asymmetric, stream and block encryption. Its development started in 1996 and as such IAIK-JCE was one of the first Java-based cryptography providers. It is written entirely in Java and based on the same design principles as Oracle's JCA/JCE.

Java Cryptography Architecture
In computing, the Java Cryptography Architecture (JCA) is a framework for working with cryptography using the Java programming language. It forms part of the Java security  API, and was first introduced in JDK 1.1 in the java.security package.

The JCA uses a "provider"-based architecture and contains a set of APIs for various purposes, such as encryption, key generation and management, secure random-number generation, certificate validation, etc. These APIs provide an easy way for  developers to integrate security into application code.
2023 FIDE Circuit
The 2023 FIDE Circuit was a system comprising the top chess tournaments in 2023, which served as a qualification path for the Candidates Tournament 2024. Players received points based on their performance and the strength of the tournament. A player's final Circuit score was the sum of their five best results of the year. The winner of the Circuit qualified for the Candidates Tournament 2024 in Toronto, Canada, the winner of which qualified for the World Chess Championship 2024.

Since the winner of the Circuit (Fabiano Caruana) had already qualified to the 2024 Candidates Tournament via the Chess World Cup 2023, the second-place finisher in the Circuit, Gukesh Dommaraju, qualified to the 2024 Candidates.

Chess World Cup 2023
The Chess World Cup 2023 was a 206-player single-elimination chess tournament that took place in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 30 July to 24 August 2023. It was the 10th edition of the Chess World Cup. The winner, runner-up and third-place finisher of the tournament (Magnus Carlsen, R Praggnanandhaa and Fabiano Caruana) earned the right to the play in the 2024 Candidates Tournament. In January 2024, Carlsen withdrew from the Candidates tournament, with the fourth-place finisher from the World Cup (Nijat Abasov) qualifying in his place. The tournament was held in parallel with the Women's Chess World Cup 2023.

Jan-Krzysztof Duda was the defending champion. He lost in the fifth round (last 16) to Fabiano Caruana.
Sang Thong
Sang Thong (Thai: สังข์ทอง, 'golden conch'), The Prince of the Golden Conch Shell or Phra Sang Thong is a Southeast Asian folktale inspired from the Paññāsa Jātaka, this wisdom book it is a canonical collection of ancient tales told in Thailand. In its Thai version, it tells the story of a prince who acquires a golden countenance, dons a disguise, marries a princess and saves the kingdom of his father-in-law.

Paññāsa Jātaka
The Paññāsa Jātaka (Burmese: ပညာသဇာတက; Thai: ปัญญาสชาดก) is a non-canonical collection of 50 stories of the Buddha's past lives, originating in mainland Southeast Asia. The stories were based on the style of the Jātakatthavaṇṇanā, but are not from the Pāli Canon itself. The stories outline the Buddha's biography and illustrate his acquisition of the perfections (pāramitā), with a strong focus on generosity (dāna).
Iva Knapová-Kalibánová-Kusynová
Iva Knapová-Kalibánová-Kusynová (born 2 July 1960) is an orienteering competitor who competed for Czechoslovakia. She won a silver medal in the relay at the 1983 World Orienteering Championships in Zalaegerszeg, together with Eva Bártová, Jana Hlaváčová and Ada Kuchařová. At the 1987 World Orienteering Championships in Gérardmer she won a bronze medal in the relay with the Czechoslovak team, which in addition to Kalibanová consisted of Iva Slaninová, Ada Kuchařová and Jana Galíková.

Jana Galíková-Hlaváčová
Jana Galíková (née Hlaváčová) (born 22 January 1963 in Brno) is an orienteering competitor who competed for Czechoslovakia. She received two silver medals and four bronze medals at the 1987, 1989 and 1991 World Orienteering Championships.
Optic nerve tumor
An optic nerve melanocytoma is a tumor made up of melanocytes and melanin. Melanocytomas are typically a benign meaning they can grow, but rarely transform into a malignancy. Even so, local growth can affect adjacent tissues. Most optic nerve melanocytomas are small, black, and do not grow. Most optic nerve tumors (65 percent) are gliomas that occur somewhere along the anterior visual pathway.

Melanocytoma
A melanocytoma is a rare pigmented tumor that has been described as a variant of the melanocytic nevus and is derived from the neural crest. The term "melanocytoma" was introduced by Limas and Tio in 1972.
Tactics of Mistake
Tactics of Mistake is a science fiction novel  by American writer  Gordon R. Dickson, first published as a serial in Analog in 1970–1971. It is part of Dickson's Childe Cycle series, in which mankind has reached the stars and divided into specialized splinter groups. The fourth book written, it is chronologically the second book of the cycle, occurring roughly a century after Necromancer, and a century before Dorsai!. The primary character, Cletus Grahame, is the ancestor of the key characters in later works: the twins, Ian and Kensie Graeme, and their nephew, Donal Graeme. (The spelling of the last name was changed in intervening generations.)

The key theme here is the development of the Dorsai culture, and the creation of the Dorsai military model which makes their soldiers the best among all the settled worlds. It also shows the growth of the separate planetary cultures and their evolution to independence from Earth.

Dorsai!
Dorsai! is the first published book of the incomplete Childe Cycle series of science fiction novels by American writer Gordon R. Dickson. Later books are set both before and after the events in Dorsai!.

The novel was originally published in serialized form in Astounding Science Fiction, starting in May 1959. A shorter, revised version was published in paperback by Ace in 1960 under the title The Genetic General. A re-edited and expanded version of the novel was published under its original serialized title, Dorsai!, by DAW in 1976.  This version of the novel was reissued as one half of an omnibus edition, Dorsai Spirit by Tor in 2002. The other novel contained in Dorsai Spirit is The Spirit of Dorsai (originally published 1979).