hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Fort Pillow
The Battle of Fort Pillow, also known as the Fort Pillow Massacre, was fought on April 12, 1864, at Fort Pillow on the Mississippi River in Henning, Tennessee, during the American Civil War. The battle ended with Confederate soldiers commanded by Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest massacring Union soldiers (many of them U.S. Colored Troops) attempting to surrender. Military historian David J. Eicher concluded: "Fort Pillow marked one of the bleakest, saddest events of American military history."

David J. Eicher
David John Eicher (born August 7, 1961) is an American editor, writer, and popularizer of astronomy and space. He was editor-in-chief of Astronomy magazine between 2002 and 2025. He is author, coauthor, or editor of 23 books on science and American history and founded a magazine on astronomical observing, Deep Sky Monthly, when he was a 15-year-old high school student.

Eicher is also a historian, having researched and written extensively about the American Civil War.
Leaf size
Leaf size of plants can be described using the terms megaphyll, macrophyll, mesophyll, microphyll, nanophyll and leptophyll  (in descending order) in a classification devised in 1934 by Christen C. Raunkiær and since modified by others. Definitions vary, some referring to length and others to area. Raunkiaer's original definitions were by leaf area, and differed by a factor of nine at each stage. Some authors have simplified the system to make it specific to particular climates, and have introduced extra terms including notophyll, picophyll, platyphyll and subleptophyll.

In ecology, microphyll and similar terms based on blade size of the leaf are used to describe a flora, for example, a "microphyll rainforest" is often defined as a forest where the dominant trees have leaves less than 7.5 cm in length.

Christen C. Raunkiær
Christen Christensen Raunkiær (29 March 1860 – 11 March 1938) was a Danish botanist, who was a pioneer of plant ecology. He is mainly remembered for his scheme of plant strategies to survive an unfavourable season ("life forms") and his demonstration that the relative abundance of strategies in floras largely corresponded to the Earth's climatic zones. This scheme, the Raunkiær system, is still widely used today and may be seen as a precursor of modern plant strategy schemes, e.g. J. Philip Grime's CSR system.
Nikolina Brnjac
Nikolina Brnjac (born 11 July 1978) is a Croatian politician of the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament for Croatia since 2024. She served as Minister of Tourism and Sports from 2020 to 2024 in the Plenković II Cabinet.

2024 European Parliament election in Croatia
The 2024 European Parliament elections in Croatia were held on 9 June 2024 as part of the 2024 European Parliament election. This was the fourth parliamentary election since Croatia's EU accession in 2013, and the first to take place after Brexit.

It is the second election in 2024, the "superelection year" for Croatia, following the April parliamentary election and preceding the presidential election. Concurrently with this election, four local elections are being held on the same day, including the mayoral election in Gospić.
Scrivelsby
Scrivelsby is a village and ecclesiastical parish in the East Lindsey district of the County of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated  2 miles (3.2 km) south of Horncastle and is on the B1183 road 1 mile (1.6 km) east from the A153 road. It is administered by the civil parish of Mareham on the Hill.

Historically the manor was held by  grand serjeanty, a form of feudal tenure which required the performance of a ceremonial service rather than a money payment – in this case as the King's Champion.

Feudalism in England
Feudalism as practised in the Kingdom of England during the medieval period was a system of political, military, and socio-economic organisation based on land tenure. Designed to consolidate power and direct the wealth of the land to the king while providing military service to his causes, feudal society was structured around hierarchical relationships involving land ownership and obligations. These landholdings were known as fiefs, fiefdoms, or fees.
Zom 100: Bucket List of the Dead
Zom 100: Bucket List of the Dead (Japanese: ゾン100〜ゾンビになるまでにしたい100のこと〜, Hepburn: Zon Hyaku Zonbi ni Naru Made ni Shitai Hyaku no Koto; "Zom 100: 100 Things I Want to do Before Becoming a Zombie") is a Japanese manga series written by Haro Aso and illustrated by Kotaro Takata. It has been serialized in Shogakukan's seinen manga magazine Monthly Sunday Gene-X since October 2018, with its chapters collected in 21 tankōbon volumes as of November 2025. The series is licensed for English release in North America by Viz Media and in Southeast Asia by Shogakukan Asia.

An anime television series adaptation produced by Bug Films aired from July to December 2023. It is licensed by Viz Media outside of Asia. Muse Communication licensed the anime for South Asia and Southeast Asia regions. A live-action film adaptation premiered on Netflix in August 2023.

Muse Communication
Muse Communication Co., Ltd. (also known simply as Muse) is a Taiwanese distributor and licensor that specializes in the distribution of Japanese animation. Based in Xinzhuang District, New Taipei City, the company also distributes Asian and European films in Taiwan. It has licenses for several popular anime series and tokusatsu such as Fairy Tail: 100 Years Quest, Attack on Titan, Sword Art Online, Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba, JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, One-Punch Man, Re:Zero − Starting Life in Another World, Spy × Family, Saint Seiya, Hunter × Hunter, Pretty Cure Series, Kamen Rider Series, Super Sentai, and many more.
1928 Dhabyani coup d'état
In 1928 the Al Nahyan council of elders, led by Khalifa Al Nahyan orchestrated a coup against his brother, the ruling emir of Abu Dhabi Saqr Al Nahyan who himself had taken power in a coup in 1926, and assisted in orchestrating another coup in 1922

Saqr bin Zayed Al Nahyan
Saqr bin Zayed Al Nahyan was the Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1926 to 1928. He was the half brother of Sultan bin Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan (Ruler of Abu Dhabi from 1922 to 1926), whom he shot and killed to become Ruler himself. He was the uncle of Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan and Shakhbut bin Sultan Al Nahyan, his successor.

At the instigation of Khalifah bin Zayed, an assassination attempt was made against him on New Year's Day 1928 by members of the Al-Bu Shaar section of the Al Manasir. The members of the Al-Bu Shaar section killed him then the manasir tribe ruled Abu Dhabi
The Martyrdom of Saint Erasmus (Bouts)
The Martyrdom of Saint Erasmus is a triptych panel painting by the Flemish painter Dieric Bouts in the collegiate church of Saint Peter's in Leuven, Belgium. It commemorates the martyrdom and death of a European Christian figure from the fourth century, Saint Erasmus. It shows the Emperor Diocletian as one of four observers in the background of the center panel, as well as Saints Jerome and Bernard of Clairvaux in the wings of the altarpiece. All nine figures appear to express an exceptional tranquility and calm, in a landscape setting that is contiguous across the three panels.

The altarpiece was probably made prior to 1464, shortly before the artist would have begun his Last Supper altarpiece for a neighboring chapel in the church. The altarpiece has remained in place almost continuously since its installation in the chapel, and is overseen by the nearby M – Museum Leuven.

M – Museum Leuven
M – Museum Leuven or simply M is an art museum in the inner city of Leuven, Belgium, which was officially opened in 2009. The museum has a collection of some 46,000 works, which range from late-Gothic paintings and sculptures to 16th century local artists such as Jan Rombouts the Elder and Josse van der Baren to 19th-century paintings and sculptures by various Flemish masters including Constantin Meunier, Jef Lambeaux and George Minne.
Eiseb
Eiseb, also Eiseb Block, is a settlement in the Omaheke Region of Namibia. It is named after the Eiseb River, an ephemeral river (omuramba) in the Kalahari Desert. Eiseb is situated on the District road D1635 c. 350 kilometres (220 mi) northeast of Tallismanus and belongs to the Otjombinde electoral constituency.

The settlement has been established in 1992 as a place where returning Ovambanderu and Ovaherero refugees from Botswana could settle. From 1994 onwards, Ovambanderu and Ovaherero from other reserved areas, such as Epukiro, Otjinene and Otjombinde moved in and make up the majority of the inhabitants today, making a living from subsistence farming.

Epukiro
Epukiro is a cluster of populated places in the remote eastern part of the Omaheke Region of Namibia, situated along the Epukiro rivier about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northeast of the regional capital Gobabis. One of the centres of the populated area is the Catholic mission station with its affiliated school, another is Epukiro Post 3, also called Omauezonjanda (or Omawewozonyanda), where the Constituency office  and a police station are located. Other populated places are: Okozondjima, Okozondje, Okasaira, Okombumbi, Okangwindi, Ezorongondo, Ohakavena, Oviujuru, Katuuo, Otjimanangombe, Ovituua. 
In total Epukiro had about 3,200 inhabitants in 1997, predominantly ethnic Tswana.

Since Namibian independence the larger part of Epukiro belonged to the Otjinene Constituency. This constituency was split in 2004 and the new Epukiro Constituency was created. The western segment with the Catholic mission always belonged and still belongs to the Okorukambe Constituency.
2004–05 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team
The 2004–05 Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball team represented Georgetown University in the 2004–05 NCAA Division I college basketball season. The Hoyas were coached by John Thompson III – his first year at Georgetown – and played their home games at the MCI Center in Washington, DC. The Hoyas were members of the Big East Conference. They finished the season 19–13, 8–8 in Big East play. They advanced to the quarterfinals of the 2005 Big East men's basketball tournament before losing to Connecticut  They played in the 2005 National Invitation Tournament and advanced to the quarterfinals before losing to South Carolina.

2005 Big East men's basketball tournament
The 2005 Big East Men's Basketball Championship was played from March 9 to March 12, 2005.  The tournament took place at Madison Square Garden in New York City.  The Syracuse Orange won the tournament and were awarded an automatic bid to the 2005 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament.
Stemcell Technologies
StemCell Technologies Canada Inc. (formerly known as StemCell Technologies Inc.) is a Canadian biotechnology company that develops and manufactures cell culture media and cell separation technologies for use in stem cell, immunology, and cancer research.

The company has offices in the United States, Europe, Asia, and Australia with the headquarter being in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Allen Eaves, the founder, currently serves as the President and CEO.

Growth medium
A growth medium or culture medium is a solid, liquid, or semi-solid designed to support the growth of a population of microorganisms or cells via the process of cell proliferation or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens. Different types of media are used for growing different types of cells.

The two major types of growth media are those used for cell culture, which use specific cell types derived from plants or animals, and those used for microbiological culture, which are used for growing microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi. The most common growth media for microorganisms are nutrient broths and agar plates; specialized media are sometimes required for microorganism and cell culture growth. Some organisms, termed fastidious organisms, require specialized environments due to complex nutritional requirements. Viruses, for example, are obligate intracellular parasites and require a growth medium containing living cells.
Rahkeem Cornwall
Rahkeem Rashawn Shane Cornwall (born 1 February 1993) is an Antiguan cricketer. A right-arm off-break bowler, Cornwall has played for Leeward Islands cricket team and featured in the line-up for the Antigua Hawksbills and the Barbados Royals in the Caribbean Premier League. In August 2019, Cricket West Indies named him as the Championship Player of the Year. Later the same month, he made his international debut for the West Indies cricket team. He also set the record for the heaviest cricketer to play Test cricket, weighing more than 140 kg (22 stone). For the Leewards Islands, he is their second highest wicket-taker in both First Class and List A cricket, while only Kieran Powell has scored more than his four List A hundreds for the team.

Barbados Royals
The Barbados Royals (previously known as the Barbados Tridents) are the representative franchise cricket team of Barbados in the Caribbean Premier League. They are one of the six teams specifically created in 2013 for the inaugural season of the tournament. Hollywood actor Mark Wahlberg had an equity interest in the team since 2013 after he was introduced to the game by his friend Ajmal Khan, the club's chairman and CPL architect.

In 2014 CPL they qualified for the champions league. They were out of the tournament in the group stage managing to win only one of their four matches. On 30 July 2021, it was announced that the team name would be changed from the Barbados Tridents to the Barbados Royals.

Barbados Royals as part of the Royals Sports Group, are two-time Caribbean Premier League champions, lifting the trophy in 2014 and 2019. In 2022, Barbados Royals continue its journey in CPL and managed to closed some sponsorship deals like MCW Sports.
2022 Alabama Senate election
The 2022 Alabama Senate elections took place on November 8, 2022, as part of the 2022 United States elections. Alabama voters elected state senators in all 35 of the state's Senate districts. State senators serve four-year terms in the Alabama Senate in Montgomery.

A primary election on May 24, 2022, and a runoff election on June 22, 2022, determined which candidates appear on the November 8 general election ballot for the Alabama Republican Party and the Alabama Democratic Party. Libertarian candidates were nominated by party convention. This was the first time that the Libertarian Party of Alabama was on the ballot since 2002. Primary election results can be obtained from the Alabama Secretary of State's website.

Following the 2018 election cycle, Republicans maintained effective control of the Senate with 27 members, while Democrats hold eight seats.

Republicans retained control of the Alabama Senate with 27 seats after the 2022 elections.

Alabama Senate
32°22′36″N 86°17′56″W﻿ / ﻿32.37667°N 86.29889°W﻿ / 32.37667; -86.29889

The Alabama State Senate is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The body is composed of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, with each district containing at least 127,140 citizens. Similar to the lower house, the Alabama House of Representatives, the senate serves both without term limits and with a four-year term.

The Alabama State Senate meets at the State House in Montgomery.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the United States Senate, the senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.
Stephen A. Higginson
Stephen Andrew Higginson (born 1961) is an American lawyer and jurist serving since 2011 as a U.S. circuit judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. He also serves as the Presiding Judge of the United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (in case citations, 5th Cir.) is one of the 13 United States courts of appeals. It has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts in the following federal judicial districts:

Eastern District of Louisiana

Middle District of Louisiana

Western District of Louisiana

Northern District of Mississippi

Southern District of Mississippi

Eastern District of Texas

Northern District of Texas

Southern District of Texas

Western District of Texas

The Fifth Circuit has 17 active judgeships, and is headquartered at the John Minor Wisdom United States Court of Appeals Building in New Orleans, Louisiana, with the clerk's office located at the F. Edward Hebert Federal Building in New Orleans.

Originally, the Fifth Circuit also included the federal district courts in Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. In 1981, the district courts for those states were transferred to the newly created U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.
Chain of Desire
Chain of Desire is a 1992 American drama romance film written and directed by Temístocles López. It is a modern American remake of the film La Ronde. The film was presented at the Turin Film Festival in November 1992 and was released in the United States on June 25, 1993.

La Ronde (1950 film)
La Ronde is a 1950 French anthology film directed by Max Ophüls and based on the French translation of Arthur Schnitzler's 1897 play Reigen. Set in Vienna in 1900, it shows ten amorous encounters across the social spectrum, from a street prostitute to the nobility, with each scene involving one character from the previous episode. The French term "La Ronde" [la ʁɔ̃d] can mean doing the rounds, a round of drinks, or a circular dance.

The film won the BAFTA award for Best Film and was nominated for two Academy Awards: Best Writing and Best Art Direction.
Rabí
Rabí (German: Rabi) is a town in Klatovy District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants. It is known for ruins of the Rabí Castle, one of the biggest castles in the country. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Cultural monument (Czech Republic)
The cultural monuments of the Czech Republic (Czech: kulturní památka) are protected properties (both real and movable properties) designated by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic. Cultural monuments that constitute the most important part of the Czech cultural heritage may be declared national cultural monuments (Czech: národní kulturní památka) by a regulation of the Government of the Czech Republic. The government may also proclaim a territory, whose character and environment are determined by a group of immovable cultural monuments or archaeological finds, as a whole, as a monument reservation. The Ministry of Culture may proclaim a territory of a settlement with a smaller number of cultural monuments, a historical environment or part of a landscape area that displays significant cultural values as a monument zone.

As of 2019, there are 14 Czech cultural monuments on the World Heritage List.
2/8th Battalion (Australia)
The 2/8th Battalion was an infantry battalion of the Australian Army that served during World War II. Raised as part of the Second Australian Imperial Force at Melbourne, Victoria on 30 October 1939, the 2/8th was initially attached to the 17th Brigade, 6th Division. It was later transferred to the 19th Brigade and with this formation the battalion saw action in Egypt, Libya, Greece and Crete before returning to Australia. A period of garrison duty in Darwin followed in 1942–1943, after which the battalion concentrated with other 6th Division units on the Atherton Tablelands, remaining there throughout 1943–1944. In late 1944, the battalion was sent to New Guinea to fight the Japanese as part of the Aitape–Wewak campaign. The battalion was disbanded at Puckapunyal on 14 December 1945.

Aitape–Wewak campaign
The Aitape–Wewak campaign was one of the final campaigns of the Pacific Theatre of World War II. Between November 1944 and the end of the war in August 1945, the Australian 6th Division, with air and naval support, fought the Imperial Japanese 18th Army in northern New Guinea. Considered a "mopping up" operation by the Australians, and although ultimately successful for them with the Japanese forces cleared from the coastal areas and driven inland, amidst difficult jungle conditions, casualties from combat and disease were high. With Japan on the verge of defeat, such casualties later led to the strategic necessity of the campaign being called into question.
1987 Centennial Cup
The 1987 Centennial Cup is the 17th Junior "A" 1987 ice hockey National Championship for the Canadian Junior A Hockey League.

The Centennial Cup was competed for by the winners of the Abbott Cup, Dudley Hewitt Cup, the Callaghan Cup, and a 'Host' team.

The tournament was hosted by the Humboldt Broncos in the city of Humboldt, Saskatchewan.

Fred Page Cup
The Fred Page Cup was a championship ice hockey trophy, won by a tournament conducted by the Canadian Junior Hockey League.  The award was given to the winner of a round-robin and playoff between the Bogart Cup champions of the Central Canada Hockey League, the Kent Cup champions of the Maritime Junior Hockey League, La Coupe NAPA Champions of the Quebec Junior Hockey League, and a predetermined host team.  The winner of the Fred Page Cup moves on to the Centennial Cup, the national Junior A championship.  The trophy was donated by the then-called Quebec Provincial Junior Hockey League in 1994–95.
Japan at the 2006 Winter Paralympics
Japan participated in the ninth Winter Paralympics in Turin, Italy.

Japan entered 40 athletes in the following sports:

Alpine skiing: 13 male, 4 female

Ice sledge hockey: 15 male

Nordic skiing: 5 male, 3 female

2006 Winter Paralympics
The 2006 Winter Paralympic Games (Italian: Giochi paralimpici invernali del 2006), the ninth Paralympic Winter Games, took place in Turin, Italy, from 10 to 19 March 2006.  These were the first Winter Paralympic Games to be held in Italy. They were also the first Paralympics to use the new Paralympics logo.

20 years later, Italy will host the Winter Paralympics again in 2026, scheduled to be held in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo.
Heron Rookery
The Heron Rookery in Porter County, Indiana, was changed in 1980 to protect the nesting grounds of the great blue heron (Ardea herodias). The Indiana State Department of Correction transferred 69 acres (28 ha) to the National Park Service in exchange for 33 acres (13 ha) at Hoosier Prairie. In 1982, the Youth Conservation Corps constructed the trail and parking lot.

Porter County, Indiana
Porter County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2020, the population was 173,215, making it the 10th most populous county in Indiana. The county seat is Valparaiso. The county is part of Northwest Indiana, as well as the Chicago metropolitan area. Porter County is the site of much of the Indiana Dunes, an area of ecological significance. The Hour Glass Museum in Ogden Dunes documents the region's ecological significance.
Women's Open International de Squash de Nantes 2016
The Women's Open International de Squash de Nantes 2016 is the women's edition of the 2016 Open International de Squash de Nantes, which is a tournament of the PSA World Tour event Challenger (prize money: $5,000). The event took place at La Maison du Squash in Sautron and at La Cité International des Congrès in Nantes in France from 8 to 11 of September. Hana Ramadan won her first Open International de Nantes trophy, beating Rachael Chadwick in the final.

Open International de Squash de Nantes
The Open International de Squash de Nantes is an annual international squash tournament for professional players, held in Nantes in France in September. It is part of the PSA World Tour. The event was first held in 2015 in Le Lieu Unique.