hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Skipton Climo
Lieutenant-General Sir Skipton Hill Climo KCB DSO (24 December 1868 − 31 March 1937) was a British officer of the Indian Army. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order for his actions during the Mohmand campaign of 1897–98. After serving in China, Climo commanded Indian troops during World War I. He eventually assumed command of the Indian Army forces during the Waziristan campaign. After serving as the General Officer Commanding of the Poona District, Climo retired to Britain.

Waziristan campaign (1919–1920)
The Waziristan campaign 1919–1920 was a military campaign conducted in Waziristan by the British Indian Army against the fiercely independent tribesmen that inhabited this region. These operations were conducted in 1919–1920, following the unrest that arose in the aftermath of the Third Anglo-Afghan War.
Jack Armstrong (wrestler)
Leonard Ornstein is an American actor and retired professional wrestler, best known under the ring name "Wildman" Jack Armstrong from 1960s to early 1990s. Best known working for Herb Abrams's Universal Wrestling Federation and World Wide Wrestling Federation. His feud with Jay Strongbow Jr. in the mid-1980s resulted in "some of the bloodiest encounters ever seen in California".

Universal Wrestling Federation (Herb Abrams)
Universal Wrestling Federation (UWF) was an American professional wrestling promotion owned by Herb Abrams that operated from 1990 to 1996. The company aired nationally on SportsChannel America, and later on Prime Ticket and ESPN2.
Davis Peak (Washington)
Davis Peak is a mountain just north of Gorge Lake in North Cascades National Park, in the US state of Washington. It is located just south of the Picket Range. While not of particularly high elevation, even for the North Cascades, it is notable for its large, steep local relief, and in particular for its huge Northeast Face, which drops 5,250 ft (1,600 m) in one horizontal mile (1.6 km). This is one of the two largest vertical drops in one horizontal mile in the contiguous United States, the other being the North Face of Kinnerly Peak.

Davis Peak had been known as Stetattle Peak until the Reaburn climbing party of 1904 renamed it in honor of the early homesteading family of Lucinda Davis. The Davis family had built and ran a roadhouse for trappers, miners and other travelers at the base of the peak, near present-day Diablo, prior to the arrival of roads or rail, circa 1900.

North Cascades
The North Cascades are a section of the Cascade Range of western North America. They span the border between the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. state of Washington and are officially named in the U.S. and Canada as the Cascade Mountains.  The portion in Canada is known to Americans as the Canadian Cascades, a designation that also includes the mountains above the east bank of the Fraser Canyon as far north as the town of Lytton, at the confluence of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers.

They are predominantly non-volcanic, but include the stratovolcanoes Mount Baker, Glacier Peak and Coquihalla Mountain, which are part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc.
Happiness in Judaism
Happiness in Judaism and Jewish thought is considered an important value, especially in the context of the service of God. A number of Jewish teachings stress the importance of joy, and demonstrate methods of attaining happiness.

Worship
Worship is an act of religious devotion usually directed towards a deity or God. For many, worship is not about an emotion, it is more about a recognition of a God. An act of worship may be performed individually, in an informal or formal group, or by a designated leader. Such acts may involve honoring.
Georgina Butler
Georgina Susan Butler (born 30 November 1945) is a retired British diplomat. After postings at the Foreign Office, UKREP in Brussels, the European Commission, and in Washington D.C., she served as British Ambassador to Costa Rica and to Nicaragua.

She later stood unsuccessfully for the European Parliament  as a Conservative and was a Special Representative of the Foreign Secretary.

Embassy of the United Kingdom, Washington, D.C.
The British Embassy, Washington D.C. (alternatively in the US, Embassy of the United Kingdom, Washington, D.C.) is the British sovereign's diplomatic mission to the United States of America, representing the interests of the United Kingdom and British Government. It is located at 3100 Massachusetts Avenue NW in Washington, D.C.  The embassy compound includes the chancery offices, as well as the British Ambassador's residence.
Takatsuki Domain
Takatsuki Domain (高槻藩, Takatsuki-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Settsu Province in what is now the northern portion of modern-day Osaka Prefecture. It was centered around Takatsuki Castle, which is located in what is now the city of Takatsuki, Osaka.

Settsu Province
Settsu Province (摂津国, Settsu no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [seꜜt.tsɯ (no kɯ.ɲi), set.tsɯꜜ-]) was a province of Japan, which today comprises the southeastern part of Hyōgo Prefecture and the northern part of Osaka Prefecture. It was also referred to as  Tsu Province (津国, Tsu no Kuni, [tsɯꜜ (no kɯ.ɲi)]) or  Sesshū (摂州).

Osaka and Osaka Castle were the main center of the province. Most of Settsu's area comprises the modern day cities of Osaka and Kōbe.
Junior Stars
Junior Stars (ジュニアスターズ, Juniasutāzu) is a professional wrestling tag team consisting of Minoru Tanaka and Koji Kanemoto. Forming in 1999, the team became one of the most popular in New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), winning the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship in June 2000. After Kanemoto joined Team 2000 and Minoru became the masked Heat character in 2002, the team went on hiatus until 2004, when they reunited albeit for one night only as Minoru turned on Kanemoto during the match. The team officially reunited in All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) in 2012, where they won the All Asia Tag Team Championship twice. The two left AJPW to join the newly formed Wrestle-1 in 2013, and continue to team together on the Japanese independent circuit.

IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship
The IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship (IWGPジュニアタッグ王座, IWGP juniataggu ōza) is a professional wrestling tag team championship owned by the New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) promotion. "IWGP" is the acronym of NJPW's governing body, the International Wrestling Grand Prix (インターナショナル・レスリング・グラン・プリ, intānashonaru resuringu guran puri). The title was introduced on August 8, 1998, at an NJPW live event. The IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship is one of two tag team titles contested for in NJPW; the IWGP Tag Team Championship is also sanctioned by NJPW. According to NJPW's official website, the Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championship is listed as the "IWGP Jr. Tag Class", while the IWGP Tag Team Championship is considered the "IWGP Heavyweight Class". The title is contested for by junior heavyweight wrestlers; the weight-limit for the title is 100 kg (220 lb) per partner.
Zonitis fogoensis
Zonitis fogoensis is a species of blister beetles of the family Meloidae. It is endemic to Cape Verde, where it occurs on the island of Fogo. The specific name fogoensis refers to its type locality, the island of Fogo.

Blister beetle
Blister beetles are beetles of the family Meloidae, so called for their defensive secretion of a blistering agent, cantharidin. About 2,500 species are known worldwide. Many are conspicuous and some are aposematically colored, announcing their toxicity to would-be predators.
Robert Freeman (bishop)
Robert John Freeman (born 26 October 1952) is a British Anglican bishop. From 2011 until his 2018 retirement, he served as the Bishop of Penrith in the Church of England Diocese of Carlisle. Previously, he was the Archdeacon of Halifax (in the Diocese of Wakefield) from 2003 to 2011. From August 2018 he was appointed as Honorary Assistant Bishop in the Diocese of Leicester.

Bishop of Penrith
The Bishop of Penrith is an episcopal title named after the town of Penrith in Cumbria.

The title was first mentioned "as Pereth" in the Suffragan Bishops Act 1534 (alongside a see for Penreth – now called Penrydd – in Pembrokeshire). It was first used for the Diocese of Ripon in 1888, but the incumbent's episcopal title was transferred to Richmond by Royal Warrant in 1889. Since 1939, the Bishop of Penrith has been a suffragan bishop in the Church of England Diocese of Carlisle assisting the diocesan Bishop of Carlisle in overseeing the diocese.
Stephanie Brock
Stephanie Lee Brock is an American chemist who is professor of inorganic chemistry at Wayne State University. Her research considers transition metal pnictides and chalcogenide nanomaterials. She is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Chemical Society.

Chalcogenide
Cadmium sulfide, a prototypical metal chalcogenide, is used as a yellow pigment.

A chalcogenide is a chemical compound consisting of at least one chalcogen anion and at least one more electropositive element. Although all group 16 elements of the periodic table are defined as chalcogens, the term chalcogenide is more commonly reserved for sulfides, selenides, tellurides, and polonides, rather than oxides. Many metal ores exist as chalcogenides. Photoconductive chalcogenide glasses are used in xerography. Some pigments and catalysts are also based on chalcogenides. The metal dichalcogenide MoS2 is a common solid lubricant.
Ben Bloom
Benjamin Myerow Bloom (born October 17, 1982) is an American football coach and former player who is the outside linebackers coach for the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Tufts Jumbos and later coached them, the Harvard Crimson and Dallas Cowboys.

Tufts Jumbos football
The Tufts Jumbos football program represents Tufts University in the sport of college football. The team competes in Division III of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC). Tufts plays its home games at Ellis Oval, located on the campus within the municipality of Somerville, Massachusetts. The team's head coach is Jay Civetti, who has led the Jumbos since 2011.
Blue Origin Federation, LLC v. United States
On 13 August 2021, Blue Origin filed a complaint to the United States Court of Federal Claims about NASA's award of $2.9 billion to SpaceX. The award was used by the company to develop Starship HLS, a lunar lander that NASA selected for the Artemis program. On 4 November 2021, the Court of Federal Claims dismissed the complaint, and the accompanying memorandum opinion was titled Blue Origin v. United States & Space Exploration Technologies Corp. Blue Origin's complaint and prior actions have received attention from the news media and spaceflight industries.

Artemis program
The Artemis program is a Moon exploration program led by the United States' National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), formally established in 2017 through Space Policy Directive-1. The program intends to reestablish a human presence on the Moon for the first time since the Apollo 17 mission in 1972, with a stated long-term goal of establishing a permanent base on the Moon, which is expected to facilitate human missions to Mars.

Two principal elements of the Artemis program are derived from the now-cancelled Constellation program: the Orion spacecraft (with the ESM instead of a US-built service module) and the Space Launch System's (SLS) solid rocket boosters (originally developed for the Ares V). Other elements of the program, such as the Lunar Gateway space station and the Human Landing System, are in development by government space agencies and private spaceflight companies, collaborations bound by the Artemis Accords and governmental contracts.
Emmanuel Ngobese
Emmanuel Asanda "Scara" Ngobese (3 June 1980 – 11 May 2010) was a South African soccer player who last played as a midfielder for Kaizer Chiefs FC in the Premier Soccer League. He was born in Katlehong, Gauteng and died in Johannesburg.

Ngobese was affectionately known to his supporters as "Scara" or "The Black Jesus" . He was managed by Edgar O.

Premier Soccer League
The Premier Soccer League (PSL) is the administrative body for professional soccer leagues and cups in South Africa. It is based in Johannesburg, and was founded in 1996 following an agreement between the National Soccer League and the remnants of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL).

Affiliated to the South African Football Association (SAFA), the PSL organizes the country's top two professional divisions in the South African Premiership and the National First Division, and knockout cup competitions in the Nedbank Cup and the MTN 8. Teams that are relegated from the National First Division compete in the SAFA Second Division. They also organize a Youth League or PSL Reserve League DStv Diski Challenge.
1984 Case Western Reserve Spartans football team
The 1984 Case Western Reserve Spartans football team represented Case Western Reserve University in the American city of Cleveland, Ohio, during 1984 NCAA Division III football season.  The team's coach was Jim Chapman.

For the first time in 46 years, the Spartans went undefeated, winning the first ever North Coast Athletic Conference title during its inaugural season.  Even though they defeated playoff team Washington & Jefferson 34–16 during the regular season, they were not invited to the 8-team 1984 NCAA Division III playoffs.  The Spartans were led by two-time All-American quarterback Fred DiSanto and defensively by three-time All-American Ron Stepanovic.

The team won the inaugural Baird Brothers Trophy rivalry game, defeating the Wooster Fighting Scots 21–14.

1984 NCAA Division III football season
The 1984 NCAA Division III football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association at the Division III level, began in August 1984, and concluded with the NCAA Division III Football Championship, also known as the Stagg Bowl, in December 1984 at Galbreath Field in Kings Island, Mason, Ohio. The Augustana (IL) Vikings won the second of their four consecutive Division III championships by defeating the Central (Iowa) Dutch by a final score of 21−12.
Elizabeth Grace (musician)
Elizabeth Grace, also known as Liz Tobias, is an Australian jazz musician. She has taught at the University of New Hampshire, Berklee College of Music, New England Conservatory of Music, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

New England Conservatory of Music
The New England Conservatory of Music (NEC) is a private music school in Boston, Massachusetts. The conservatory is located on Huntington Avenue along the Avenue of the Arts near Boston Symphony Hall, and is home to approximately 750 students pursuing undergraduate and graduate studies, and 1,500 more in its Preparatory School and School of Continuing Education. NEC offers bachelor's degrees in instrumental and vocal classical music performance, contemporary musical arts, composition, jazz studies, music history, and music theory, as well as graduate degrees in collaborative piano, conducting, and musicology. The conservatory has also partnered with Harvard University and Tufts University to create joint double-degree, five-year programs.
Isiguqo
Isiguqo (Zulu language: place for kneeling) is a religious practice derived from the Zulu traditional religion. It originally refers to a kneeling place on a holy hill which  is  approached  by  crawling  towards  it, and where a profoundly dignified prayer is performed. It has been adapted by syncretic religious movements in Southern Africa such as the Nazareth Baptist Church, which uses this term to describe a kneeling prayer performed in times of hardship.

In some Zionist churches, isiguqo manifests as a prayer circle where dancing and healing takes place, and is regarded as a major form of worship. During the ceremony, members holding flags and staffs kneel reverently with their attention fixed on the preacher, who stands up positioned at the center of the circle.

Religious syncretism
Religious syncretism is the blending of religious belief systems into a new system, or the incorporation of other beliefs into an existing religious tradition.

This can occur for many reasons, where religious traditions exist in proximity to each other, or when a culture is conquered and the conquerors bring their religious beliefs with them, but do not succeed in eradicating older beliefs and practices.

Many religions have syncretic elements, but adherents often frown upon the application of the label, especially those who belong to "revealed" religions, such as Abrahamic religions, or any system with an exclusivist approach, seeing syncretism as corrupting the original religion. Non-exclusivist systems of belief on the other hand feel more free to incorporate  other traditions into their own.
Generika–Ayala Lifesavers
The Generika–Ayala Lifesavers were a women's volleyball team in the Philippines owned by Actimed Inc., opeators of Generika Drugstore. The team competed in the Philippine Super Liga (PSL) in 2014 and again from 2016 to 2020.

Generika's first venture in the PSL was a partnership with the Philippine Army Lady Troopers during the 2014 All-Filipino Conference, before establishing their own team beginning with the 2014 Grand Prix Conference after acquiring the AirAsia Flying Spikers. In 2015, the team was disbanded and its remnants formed the Shopinas.com Lady Clickers. In 2016, the team was revived and a year later, entered a new partnership with Ayala Corporation.

In December 2020, the team took a leave of absence due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lifesavers were also not among the PSL member teams to join the professional Premier Volleyball League (PVL).

Generika earned two podium finishes, one in 2014 and the other in 2018, but did win one championship under the Army partnership.

Philippine Super Liga
The Philippine Super Liga (PSL; alternatively spelled as Philippine Superliga) was a non-professional corporate club women's volleyball league in the Philippines. It was first organized by SportsCore Event Management and Consultancy, Inc. and later owned by Athletic Events & Sports Management Group (ACES), Inc. The league was envisioned to provide former collegiate players a league with which they can continue with their volleyball career.

The PSL also had a men's division from 2013 to 2014, although its beach volleyball tournament both have a women's and men's division since its inception.

In 2021, the PSL was left without any active team after all teams either filed a leave of absence due to the COVID-19 pandemic or moved to the newly professionalized Premier Volleyball League, the PSL's rival league.
Jetivia SA v Bilta (UK) Limited (in liquidation)
Jetivia SA v Bilta (UK) Limited (in liquidation) [2015] UKSC 23 (sometimes referred to as Bilta (UK) Limited v Nazir) is a UK company and insolvency law decision of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom in relation to (i) the attribution of unlawful acts of a director to the company where the company is the victim of the unlawful act, and (ii) the extent to which liability for fraudulent trading under section 213 of the Insolvency Act 1986 has extraterritorial effect.

The Supreme Court held that:

the defence of ex turpi causa could not operate to prevent a claim brought by the liquidators on behalf of a company against its former directors on the basis that, where the company was essentially the victim of a fraud by the directors, the conduct of the directors would not be attributed to the company thereby treating the company as a party to the illegality; and

liability for fraudulent trading under the Insolvency Act 1986 had extraterritorial effect.

Ex turpi causa non oritur actio
Ex turpi causa non oritur actio (Latin "action does not arise from a dishonourable cause") is a legal doctrine which states that a plaintiff will be unable to pursue legal relief and damages if it arises in connection with their own tortious act. The corresponding Ex turpe causa non oritur damnum, "From a dishonourable cause, no damage arises" is a similar construction.  Particularly relevant in the law of contract, tort and trusts, ex turpi causa is also known as the illegality defence, since a defendant may plead that even though, for instance, he broke a contract, conducted himself negligently or broke an equitable duty, nevertheless a claimant by reason of his own illegality cannot sue. The UK Supreme Court provided a thorough reconsideration of the doctrine in 2016 in Patel v Mirza.
1989–90 Big East Conference men's basketball season
The 1989–90 Big East Conference men's basketball season was the 11th in conference history, and involved its nine full-time member schools.

Connecticut and Syracuse were the regular-season co-champions with identical records of (12–4). Connecticut won the Big East tournament championship.

1989–90 Connecticut Huskies men's basketball team
The 1989–90 Connecticut Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Connecticut in the 1989–90 collegiate men's basketball season. The Huskies completed the season with a 31–6 overall record. The Huskies were members of the Big East Conference where they finished with a 12–4 record. UConn made it to the Elite Eight in the 1990 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament before losing to Duke 79–78 in overtime.

Many consider this season the one where UConn broke out and became a national power, consistently being at the top of the conference in the 1990s and winning their first of six National Titles in 1999. The Huskies played their home games at Hugh S. Greer Field House and Harry A. Gampel Pavilion in Storrs, Connecticut as well as the Hartford Civic Center in Hartford, Connecticut, and they were led by fourth-year head coach Jim Calhoun.
Sadegh Mahsouli
Sadegh Mahsouli (Persian: صادق محصولی, born 9 March 1959) is an Iranian politician who was Minister of Interior from 2008 to 2009 and Minister of Welfare and Social Security from 2009 to 2011. He was appointed to this post on 19 November 2009 as part of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's second cabinet after a  Parliamentary vote. From 24 March 2008 to 9 August 2009, he was Minister of Interior of Ahmadinejad's first cabinet.
He was succeeded Ali Kordan who was impeached by Parliament in November 2008.

Mahsouli withdrew his nomination once when the president nominated him for the position of oil minister in 2005 after admitting to Iranian parliament that he was worth $160 million.

In 2011, it was announced that the Ministry of Welfare would be merged with the Ministry of Labour, and Mahsouli would be left cabinet after it.

Mahsouli was in charge of the Ministry of Interior when the alleged vote rigging happened in Iran's presidential election in June 2009.

Islamic Consultative Assembly
The Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran (Persian: مجلس شورای اسلامی ایران, romanized: Majles-e Shurâ-ye Eslâmi Iran), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the unicameral national legislative body of Iran. The parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an increase from the previous 270 seats since the 18 February 2000 election.