hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fractional factorial design
In statistics, a fractional factorial design is a way to conduct experiments with fewer experimental runs than a full factorial design. Instead of testing every single combination of factors, it tests only a carefully selected portion. This "fraction" of the full design is chosen to reveal the most important information about the system being studied (sparsity-of-effects principle), while significantly reducing the number of runs required. It is based on the idea that many tests in a full factorial design can be redundant. However, this reduction in runs comes at the cost of potentially more complex analysis, as some effects can become intertwined, making it impossible to isolate their individual influences. Therefore, choosing which combinations to test in a fractional factorial design must be done carefully.

Sparsity-of-effects principle
In the statistical analysis of the results from factorial experiments, the sparsity-of-effects principle states that a system is usually dominated by main effects and low-order interactions.  Thus it is most likely that main (single factor) effects and two-factor interactions are the most significant responses in a factorial experiment.  In other words, higher order interactions such as three-factor interactions are very rare.  This is sometimes referred to as the hierarchical ordering principle.  The sparsity-of-effects principle actually refers to the idea that only a few effects in a factorial experiment will be statistically significant.

This principle is only valid on the assumption of a factor space far from a stationary point.
Abrogation in public law
In public law, abrogation is the proposing away of a right, power or value, by a public body in delegating power or failing to carry out a responsibility or duty. The abrogation of such a responsibility or duty, unless required by primary legislation would amount to an unconstitutional delegation of power to a foreign government or other sovereign power.

It is a protected value at Common Law that Parliament has legislative supremacy even to the point that the sovereign power extends to the breaking of treaties, if need be. Although Parliament has the authority to alter or limit the  ambit of judicial review, it cannot abrogate the court review process entirely or preclude the interpretation of the law completely from the work of the courts.

Constitutionality
Constitutionality is the quality of being acceptable under a supreme law with regard to the status of a norm, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the constitution set forth by an applicable jurisdiction. Laws, procedures, or acts that directly violate the constitution are considered unconstitutional. All others are considered constitutional unless deemed otherwise by a legitimate authority and through a legitimate mechanism.
Krakės
Krakės (formerly Krakiai ) is a small town in Kėdainiai district, central Lithuania. It is located on the Smilgaitis River. In the town, there are the Catholic church of St. Matthew the Evangelist (built in 1907), Mikalojus Katkus gymnasium, library, medicine station, St. Catherine women convent, Krakės Agriculture Cooperative with former culture center, swimming pool and shop (built in 1983, architect K. Žalnierius). There is the Vytautas Ulevičius museum of wooden sculptures.

Krakės is on the eastern boundary of the Nevėžis Plain, on the Krakės Ridge (altitude 95–100 meters). Roads go to Betygala, Grinkiškis, Kėdainiai, Bokštai, Gudžiūnai and Josvainiai. The Krakės-Dotnuva Forest is 2–3 km away from the town.

Gudžiūnai
Gudžiūnai is a small town in Kėdainiai district, central Lithuania. It is located on the Dotnuvėlė River. The town has a Catholic Sacred Heart church, a secondary school, and a post office. There is also a train station (Gudžiūnai GS) just outside the town.
The Newcastle Songster by John Marshall
The Newcastle Songster, by John Marshall is a volume of six chapbooks, giving the lyrics of local, now historical songs, but virtually no other information. It was published by John Marshall in stages between 1812 and 1826.

Chapbook
A chapbook is a type of small printed booklet that was a popular medium for street literature throughout early modern Europe. Chapbooks were usually produced cheaply, illustrated with crude woodcuts and printed on a single sheet folded into 8, 12, 16, or 24 pages, sometimes bound with a saddle stitch. Printers provided chapbooks on credit to chapmen, who sold them both from door to door and at markets and fairs, then paying for the stock they sold. The tradition of chapbooks emerged during the 16th century as printed books were becoming affordable, with the medium ultimately reaching its height of popularity during the 17th and 18th centuries. Various ephemera and popular or folk literature were published as chapbooks, such as almanacs, children's literature, folklore, ballads, nursery rhymes, pamphlets, poetry, and political and religious tracts. The term chapbook remains in use by publishers to refer to short, inexpensive booklets.
Catena Arena
Catena Arena is an indoor arena in Ängelholm, Sweden. It was inaugurated on 20 September 2008. Replacing the former Ängelholms ishall, the capacity is 6,310. It is the home for the Rögle BK ice hockey team.

Rögle BK
Rögle BK (Rögle Bandyklubb) is a Swedish professional ice hockey club from Ängelholm that has been playing in the SHL since the 2015–16 season. Rögle has previously played in the SHL (previously named Elitserien) in 1992–1996, 2008–2010, and briefly in 2012–13.

They won the Champions Hockey League in 2022.
Butch Cassidy (rapper)
Danny Elliott Means II (born December 11, 1973), better known by his stage name Butch Cassidy, is an American rapper and singer from Long Beach, California. He has worked with numerous West Coast hip-hop musicians, including Nate Dogg, Snoop Dogg, Kurupt, Daz Dillinger, Ice Cube, Xzibit, Warren G, Mack-10, Tray Deee, E-40, WC, DJ Quik, DJ Battlecat, Tha Eastsidaz and more.

E-40
Earl Tywone Stevens (born November 15, 1967), better known by his stage name E-40, is an American rapper. Stevens is a founding member of the rap group The Click and the founder of Sick Wid It Records. He has released 27 studio albums to date, appeared on numerous movie soundtracks, and has also done guest appearances on a host of other rap albums. Initially an underground artist, his 1995 solo album In a Major Way opened him up to a wider audience. Beginning in 1998, he began collaborating with mainstream rappers outside the San Francisco Bay Area. He rose to higher mainstream popularity in 2006 with his single "Tell Me When to Go", which was produced by Lil Jon.
Carrefour Argentina
Carrefour Argentina is a retail hypermarket and supermarket chain in Argentina, originally from France and a subsidiary of the Carrefour Group. It currently has more than 650 stores under the Carrefour, Market, Express, and Maxi formats, spread across 22 provinces.

Carrefour
Carrefour Group, S.A. (French: Groupe Carrefour, [kaʁfuʁ] ⓘ), is a French multinational retail and wholesaling corporation headquartered in Massy, France. It operates a chain of hypermarkets, grocery stores and convenience stores. By 2024, the group had 14,000 stores in 40 countries. It is the seventh-largest retailer in the world by revenue.
Acadamh na hOllscolaíochta Gaeilge
Acadamh na hOllscolaíochta Gaeilge (Irish: [ˈakəd̪ˠəw n̪ˠə ˈhʊl̪ˠˌsˠkʊlˠiːxt̪ˠə ˈɡeːlʲɟə]; English: "The Academy of Irish-Language University Education") is a third level educational and research institution headquartered in Galway, Ireland. It was established as part of the National University of Ireland - Galway in 2004, to further the development Irish-medium education. The academy works in co-operation with faculties, departments and other university offices to develop the range and number of programmes that are provided through the medium of Irish on campus and in the academy's Gaeltacht centres.

University of Galway
The University of Galway (Irish: Ollscoil na Gaillimhe) is a public research university located in the city of Galway, Ireland. The university was founded in 1845 as Queen's College, Galway. It was known as "University College, Galway" (UCG) (Irish: Coláiste na hOllscoile, Gaillimh) from 1908 to 1997 and as "National University of Ireland Galway" (NUI Galway) (Irish: Ollscoil na hÉireann Gaillimh; OÉ Gaillimh) from 1997 to 2022. In September 2022, it changed its name to "Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway". It is also a member of the Coimbra Group, a network of 42 long-established European universities.
Bitter Tea
Bitter Tea is the fifth full-length album by the Fiery Furnaces, released on April 18, 2006, via Fat Possum in the U.S and Rough Trade in the UK. After it leaked onto the internet on February 22, the band immediately started selling the CD on tour.

The band envisioned Bitter Tea as a loose companion piece to their previous album, Rehearsing My Choir, released just five months prior.

Rehearsing My Choir
Rehearsing My Choir is the fourth full-length album by the Fiery Furnaces and was released in 2005. It is a concept album featuring Olga Sarantos, grandmother of the band's Matthew and Eleanor Friedberger, narrating stories relating to her life. Though the instrumentation is as complex as on the band's previous releases, the vocals mostly take the form of spoken word. At points Eleanor Friedberger speaks or sings words corresponding to the character of a younger Olga Sarantos, the two engaging in dialogue. Olga Sarantos died on December 31, 2007.
Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges
The Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC) represents colleges and schools of veterinary medicine in the United States, Canada, and other countries. Its activities include involvement in veterinary medical education, oversees the accreditation process for veterinary medical schools and colleges in collaboration with the American Veterinary Medical Association, and manages the Veterinary Medical College Application Service.

American Veterinary Medical Association
The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) is an American not-for-profit association founded in 1863 that represents more than 105,000 veterinarians.

The AVMA provides information resources, continuing education opportunities, publications, and discounts on personal and professional products, programs, and services. The AVMA indicates that it lobbies for animal friendly legislation within a framework that supports the use of animals for human purposes (e.g., food, fiber, research, companionship).

The AVMA Council on Education is the designated accrediting body for schools of veterinary medicine in the United States.

The AVMA publishes the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (JAVMA) and the American Journal of Veterinary Research (AJVR).

The AVMA's veterinary student organization is the Student American Veterinary Medical Association (SAVMA).
Ghulam Rasool Hazarvi
Ghulām Rasool Hazārvi (1854–1918; also known as Ghulām Rasool Bafvi) was an Indian Islamic scholar and one of the earliest teachers of Darul Uloom Deoband. He served as a teacher in Darul Uloom Deoband for about thirty one years. His teachers included Syed Ahmad Dehlavi and Mahmud Hasan Deobandi. His students included Abdur Rahim Popalzai, Anwar Shah Kashmiri, Asghar Hussain Deobandi, Hussain Ahmad Madani, Izaz Ali Amrohi, Kifayatullah Dehlawi, Manazir Ahsan Gilani, Muhammad Sahool Bhagalpuri, Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi, and Shabbir Ahmad Usmani.

Kifayatullah Dehlawi
Kifayatullah Dehlawi (also known as Mufti Kifayatullah; c. 1875 – c. 31 December 1952), was an Indian Islamic scholar and a Hanafi jurist, who served as the second rector of the Madrasa Aminia. He was appointed as an interim president of the Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind on its foundation, and as its second president following the death of Mahmud Hasan Deobandi. He was regarded as the Grand Mufti of India.

He was a founding member of Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, and was on its foundation committee, which was headed by Mahmud Hasan Deobandi.
Follow Me (Zoey 101)
"Follow Me" is an unreleased song that served as the theme song for Zoey 101. With Jamie Lynn Spears on vocals, she and her older sister Britney Spears wrote and recorded the song in 2004. Spears and American DJ Chantel Jeffries re-recorded and remixed the theme song, releasing it on October 22, 2020. A Gigi Gorgeous-directed music video for the re-recorded theme song was released a few days later on October 27, 2020, and featured JoJo Siwa, Dixie D'Amelio, Noah Beck, and Sofia Reyes.

Zoey 101
Zoey 101 is an American teen situational dramedy television series created by Dan Schneider for Nickelodeon. It aired from January 9, 2005, to May 2, 2008, spanning a total of 61 episodes across four seasons.

It focuses on the lives of Zoey Brooks (Jamie Lynn Spears), her brother Dustin (Paul Butcher), and her friends as they attend Pacific Coast Academy, a fictional boarding school in Southern California.

It was initially filmed at Pepperdine University in Malibu, California, then at stages in Valencia beginning in the third season. It was nominated for an "Outstanding Children's Program" Emmy in 2005. Zoey 101 was the most expensive production ever for a Nickelodeon standard, as it was shot completely on location in Malibu.

The series won three Young Artist Awards, two Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards and a Neox Fan Award.

A soundtrack and several video games based on the series have also been released. In July 2023, a film, Zoey 102, was released on Paramount+.
Battery Path
Battery Path (Chinese: 炮台里) is a pedestrian-only footpath located beneath Government Hill in Central, Hong Kong.  Named after Murray Battery, it stretches from Queen's Road Central to Garden Road.  The path is noted for many historical landmarks situated on it, most notably the Former Central Government Offices, the Former French Mission Building and St. John's Cathedral.

Queen's Road, Hong Kong
Queen's Road is a collection of roads along the northern coast of Hong Kong Island, in Hong Kong, within the limit of Victoria City. It was the first road in Hong Kong, constructed by the British between 1841 and 1843, spanning across Victoria City from Shek Tong Tsui to Wan Chai.

At various points along the route, Queen's Road marks the original shoreline before land reclamation projects permanently extended land into Victoria Harbour.

The four sections of the roads are, from west to east: Queen's Road West (Chinese: 皇后大道西; Jyutping: wong4 hau6 daai6 dou6 sai1), Queen's Road Central (皇后大道中; wong4 hau6 daai6 dou6 zung1), Queensway (金鐘道; gam1 zung1 dou6), and Queen's Road East (皇后大道東; wong4 hau6 daai6 dou6 dung1).
Talysh National Movement
The Talysh National Movement is a Talysh movement created in 2007 in the Netherlands, where part of the Talysh leadership lives in exile. Many of the movement's members had previously participated in the formation of the Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic in 1993, including board member Alikram Hummatov.

The Talysh National Movement joined the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization on 26 June 2007. This was terminated on 1 March 2008 before it was re-admitted on 29 June 2014.

Alikram Hummatov
Alikram Hummatov or Ali Akram Hummatzade (also spelled as Alakram Hummatov, 28 October 1948 – 22 December 2022) was an Azerbaijani Talysh military commander and political activist. He was the president of the self-proclaimed Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic in 1993 and was imprisoned in Azerbaijan. He was considered as a political prisoner by international organizations including Amnesty International and the Council of Europe. After demands from the Council of Europe, Hummatov was granted retrials, yet according to Human Rights Watch report, the authorities conducted him inside prisons, and with procedural violations. He was pardoned in 2004 and stripped of his Azerbaijani citizenship; he lived in exile in the Netherlands.
Hải Dương
Hải Dương (listenⓘ) was a city in Vietnam. It was the capital of Hải Dương, an industrialized province in the Hanoi Capital Region and the Red River Delta in Northern Vietnam, now merged into Haiphong. The city is at the midpoint between the capital Hanoi and the major port Haiphong, and is part of the Northern Key Economic Zone. In 2019, Hai Duong city had a population of 241,373.

Haiphong
Haiphong or Hai Phong (Vietnamese: Hải Phòng, pronounced [hǎːj fɔ̀ŋ͡m] ⓘ) is the third-largest city in Vietnam and is the principal port city of the Red River Delta. The municipality has an area of 3,194.72 km2 (1,233.49 mi2). The city includes Bạch Long Vĩ and Cát Hải islands in the Gulf of Tonkin. It has a population of 4,664,124 in 2025.
Tunisian Arabic morphology
The grammar, the conjugation and the morphology of Tunisian Arabic is very similar to that of other Maghrebi Arabic varieties. It is based on Classical Arabic and influenced by Berber languages and Latin, with some morphological inventions. The Berber influence is more noticeable in Pre-Hilalian dialects.

Maghrebi Arabic
Maghrebi Arabic, often known as ad-Dārija to differentiate it from Literary Arabic, is a vernacular Arabic dialect continuum spoken in the Maghreb. It includes the Moroccan, Algerian, Tunisian, Libyan, Hassaniya and Saharan Arabic dialects.

Maghrebi Arabic has a predominantly Semitic and Arabic vocabulary, although it contains a significant number of Berber loanwords, which represent 2–3% of the vocabulary of Libyan Arabic, 8–9% of Algerian and Tunisian Arabic, and 10–15% of Moroccan Arabic. Maghrebi Arabic was formerly spoken in Al-Andalus and Sicily until the 17th and 13th centuries, respectively, in the extinct forms of Andalusi Arabic and Siculo-Arabic. The Maltese language is believed to have its source in a language spoken in Muslim Sicily that ultimately originates from Tunisia, as it contains some typical Maghrebi Arabic areal characteristics.
SB1394
SB1394 is Creative Labs implementation of IEEE 1394 interface (also known as i.Link or FireWire) and was included on the Sound Blaster Audigy and Audigy 2 family of sound cards.

Also OEM Audigy card with model number SB0090 is often referred as "Audigy SB1394".

Sound Blaster Audigy
Sound Blaster Audigy is a product line of sound cards from Creative Technology. The flagship model of the Audigy family used the EMU10K2 audio DSP, an improved version of the SB-Live's EMU10K1, while the value/SE editions were built with a less-expensive audio controller.

The Audigy family is available for PCs with a PCI or PCI Express slot, or a USB port.
Cable Axion
Cable Axion was a cable television distributor and Internet service provider based in Magog, Quebec. In 2018, Cable Axion was acquired by DERYtelecom, which was in turn acquired by Cogeco in 2020.

In August 2023, the Axion brand stopped being used and instead products now use the Cogeco brand.

Magog, Quebec
Magog (locally /ˈmeɪɡɔːɡ/ MAY-gawg, French: [maɡɔɡ]) is a city in southeastern Quebec, Canada, about 120 kilometres (75 mi) east of Montreal at the confluence of Lake Memphremagog—after which the city was named—with the Rivière aux Cerises and the Magog River. It is a major centre and industrial city in the Regional County Municipality of Memphremagog. The city lies in the Eastern Townships tourist region.

In 2002, the City of Magog was merged with the Township of Magog and the Village of Omerville as part of the municipal reorganization in Quebec.
Ali Pur Chatta
Ali Pur Chattha (formerly Akalgarh) is a Tehsil and union council of Alipur Chatha Tehsil, Wazirabad District, Punjab, Pakistan. Ali Pur Chattha is a tehsil of Wazirabad in Gujranwala division of Pakistan. The municipality was created in 1867 during colonial rule. It is situated 35 km west of the district capital Wazirabad, between 25 and 30 km north of Hafizabad,  8 km south of Rasool Nagar, 26 km east of Vanike Tarar and 15 km from Chenab River (Qadirabad Barrage).

Wazirabad
Wazirabad (Urdu and Punjabi: وزیر آباد) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan. It is the administrative capital of Wazirabad District and Wazirabad Tehsil. Famous for its cutlery products, it is known as the city of cutlery and is also known for its cuisine. Wazirabad is situated on the banks of the Chenab River, nearly 100 kilometres north of Lahore on the Grand Trunk Road. It is 45 kilometres from Sialkot, 30 kilometres from Gujranwala, and about 12 kilometres from Gujrat.
RL Grime
Henry Alfred Steinway (born February 8, 1991), better known by his stage name RL Grime, (previously known as Clockwork) is an American record producer and DJ. RL Grime specializes in trap and bass music and is a member of the Los Angeles electronic music collective WeDidIt. His debut Grapes EP was released in April 2012 on WeDidIt. RL Grime premiered a popular Halloween mix in October 2012, which have continued to be released annually through 2023. His follow-up EP High Beams was released in July 2013 on Fool's Gold Records, which debuted at No. 8 on Billboard's Dance/Electronic Albums chart, and No. 1 on the iTunes Electronic Chart. RL Grime has produced remixes for Benny Benassi, Chief Keef, Jamie Lidell, and Shlohmo. His second studio album, Nova, was released in 2018. In February 2019, RL Grime announced the founding of his record label Sable Valley.

Shlohmo
Henry Laufer (born January 3, 1990), known professionally as Shlohmo, is an American musician and record producer based in Los Angeles, California. Laufer co-founded the record label WeDidIt Records.

Shlohmo is associated with the Los Angeles beat music scene of the mid-2000s, alongside other producers such as Flying Lotus, Nosaj Thing, Knxwledge, Tokimonsta, and Teebs.  Shlohmo has released four studio albums—‌Bad Vibes (2011), Dark Red (2015), The End (2019) and Repulsor (2025), alongside various EPs and collaborative projects.
Ernest Ofori Sarpong
Ernest Ofori Sarpong (born 5 May 1966) is a Ghanaian businessman and founder of Special Group of Companies, a Ghanaian indigenously-owned water company. He owns other businesses in Ghana, including Special Investments Ltd. and Special Homes Ltd. In partnership with Osei Kwame Despite, Ernest co-founded Best Point Savings and Loans Ltd., U2 Salt Ltd, and United Television (UTV) Ltd.

Osei Kwame Despite
Mr. Osei Kwame Despite (born 2 February 1962) is a Ghanaian entrepreneur and a philanthropist with a foundation in music creation and knowledge of the broadcasting sector. Osei Kwame is the CEO of the Despite Firm Ltd, a trade company with subsidiaries in the media industry, including UTV, Peace FM, Okay FM, Neat FM and Hello FM in Kumasi. He was named Africa Entrepreneur of the Year at the African Achievers Awards in the United Kingdom in 2021.  He was also honored with GH CAPTAIN's Award in 2019 for his contributions to the socio-economic development of the country.
WNTZ-TV
WNTZ-TV (channel 48) is a television station licensed to Natchez, Mississippi, United States, serving the Alexandria, Louisiana, area as an affiliate of Fox and MyNetworkTV. The station is owned by Nexstar Media Group, and has studios on Parliament Drive in Alexandria. Its main transmitter is located near Jonesville, Louisiana, with two low-power translators in Alexandria and Leesville. Although Natchez is part of the Jackson, Mississippi, television market, which receives Fox programming from WDBD, WNTZ-TV is assigned by Nielsen to the Alexandria market.

WNTZ's master control operation was located in Lafayette at the studios of then-sister stations KADN-TV and KLAF-LD from 1991 until July 2015. It was then moved to the Baton Rouge studios of NBC affiliate WVLA-TV, fellow Fox affiliate WGMB-TV, CW affiliate WBRL-CD and independent station KZUP-CD.

WVLA-TV
WVLA-TV (channel 33) is a television station in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by White Knight Broadcasting, which maintains joint sales and shared services agreements (JSA/SSA) with Nexstar Media Group, owner of Fox affiliate WGMB-TV (channel 44), CW owned-and-operated station WBRL-CD (channel 21) and independent station KZUP-CD (channel 19), for the provision of certain services. The four stations share studios on Perkins Road in Baton Rouge; WVLA-TV's transmitter is located near Addis, Louisiana.