hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walk-regular graph
In graph theory, a walk-regular graph is a simple graph where the number of closed walks of any length  from a vertex to itself does only depend on  but not depend on the choice of vertex. Walk-regular graphs can be thought of as a spectral graph theory analogue of vertex-transitive graphs.
While a walk-regular graph is not necessarily very symmetric, all its vertices still behave identically with respect to the graph's spectral properties.

Vertex-transitive graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, an automorphism is a permutation of the vertices such that edges are mapped to edges and non-edges are mapped to non-edges.  A graph is a vertex-transitive graph if, given any two vertices v1 and v2 of G, there is an automorphism f such that

In other words, a graph is vertex-transitive if its automorphism group acts transitively on its vertices. A graph is vertex-transitive if and only if its graph complement is, since the group actions are identical.

Every symmetric graph without isolated vertices is vertex-transitive, and every vertex-transitive graph is regular. However, not all vertex-transitive graphs are symmetric (for example, the edges of the truncated tetrahedron), and not all regular graphs are vertex-transitive (for example, the Frucht graph and Tietze's graph).
Taman Pulai Mutiara
Taman Pulai Mutiara is a township in the Mukim Pulai, city of Iskandar Puteri, district of Johor Bahru, State of Johor Darul Ta'zim, Malaysia. The township is bordered by Pulai Indah and Laman Indah to the north, and Alam Jaya Business Park, Setia Business Park and Tropicana Upland to the south. The rest area on it perimeter is covered in green. This township is being developed since 2016, and ready for occupation from 2018 onward.

Iskandar Puteri
Iskandar Puteri (formerly known as Nusajaya) is a city and the administrative capital of the state of Johor, Malaysia. It is situated along the Straits of Johor at the southern end of the Malay Peninsula and the southernmost city of continental Eurasia. Together with the adjacent cities of Johor Bahru and Pasir Gudang, it is located within the Johor Bahru District, the second largest district in Malaysia by population. The 15th busiest container port in the world, Port of Tanjung Pelepas, is also located in the city.

Iskandar Puteri hosts Kota Iskandar, which represents the seat of government of the state of Johor (Executive branch & Legislative branch).
Paul Fusco
Paul Fusco (born January 29, 1953) is an American puppeteer, actor, television producer, writer and director. He is known as the puppeteer and voice of the title character on the sitcom ALF, for which he also served as creator, writer, producer, and director. He formed the production company Alien Productions with Tom Patchett and Bernie Brillstein.

Tom Patchett
Tom Patchett is an American film director, screenwriter, actor and producer who is best known as the co-creator of ALF. He co-wrote the films Up the Academy, The Great Muppet Caper, The Muppets Take Manhattan, and Project ALF. He also wrote episodes of The Bob Newhart Show, We've Got Each Other, The Tony Randall Show, The Carol Burnett Show, and Buffalo Bill. Patchett founded the contemporary art gallery, Track 16, in 1994.
Obedientiary
In the Middle Ages, an obedientiary or obedienciary (from the Latin obedientiarius, meaning someone in an 'obedient', i.e. subordinate, position) was a lesser official of a monastery appointed by will of the superior.

In some cases the word is used to include all those who held office beneath the abbot, but more frequently the prior and sub-prior -who technically qualify in an abbacy- are excluded from those signified by it.

Prior (ecclesiastical)
Prior (or  prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a  superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". The office may head a local house, a region of houses (prior provincial), or the entire order (prior general). Its earlier generic usage referred to any monastic superior. In abbeys, a prior would be lower in rank than the abbey's abbot or abbess.
Liaoyuan
Liaoyuan (simplified Chinese: 辽源; traditional Chinese: 遼源; pinyin: Liáoyuán) is a prefecture-level city in Jilin province, People's Republic of China. It is bounded on the west and south by Tieling of Liaoning province, west and north by Siping, and east by Tonghua and Jilin City. Liaoyuan lies some 100 km (62 mi) south of Changchun, the provincial capital. Covering an area of 5,125 km2 (1,979 sq mi), Liaoyuan is the smallest among the prefecture-level divisions of Jilin. Liaoyuan has a total population of 1,176,645 in the prefecture, while the urban area has a population of 462,233.

Siping, Jilin
Siping (Chinese: 四平; pinyin: Sìpíng), formerly Sipingjie (Chinese: 四平街; pinyin: Sìpíngjiē; Wade–Giles: Ssupingchieh), is a prefecture-level city in the west of Jilin province, People's Republic of China. It has a total population of 1,814,733 inhabitants, as of the 2020 census. Siping covers an area of 14,323 km2 (5,530 sq mi) and is located in the middle of the Songliao Plain, near the border with Liaoning and Inner Mongolia provinces.
Historical Monuments Commission
The Historical Monuments Commission (HMC) was the national heritage conservation authority of South Africa from 1923 to 1969. The HMC was the first such body to be established in South Africa and was the predecessor of the National Monuments Council and therefore also of SAHRA and South Africa's provincial heritage resources authorities. From 1934 onwards the Commission became known principally for its declaration of several hundred historical monuments, later known as 'national monuments' and today as provincial heritage sites.

South African Heritage Resources Agency
The South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) is the national administrative body responsible for the protection of South Africa's cultural heritage. It implements a three-tier system of heritage management, in which heritage resources are managed at the national, provincial, and local levels.

SAHRA is tasked with establishing and maintaining a national inventory of heritage resources, known as the South African Heritage Resources Information System (SAHRIS), and also manages a portfolio of 36 state-owned heritage properties. The agency is governed by a council appointed by the Minister of Sport, Arts and Culture.
Cell cycle withdrawal
Cell cycle withdrawal refers to the natural stoppage of cell cycle during cell division.  When cells divide, there are many internal or external factors that would lead to a stoppage of division.  This stoppage could be permanent or temporary, and could occur in any one of the four cycle phases (G1, S, G2 and M), depending on the status of cells or the activities they are undergoing.  During the process, all cell duplication process, including mitosis, meiosis as well as DNA replication, will be paused.  The mechanisms involve the proteins and DNA sequences inside cells.

G1 phase
The G1 phase, gap 1 phase, or growth 1 phase, is the first of four phases of the cell cycle that takes place in eukaryotic cell division. In this part of interphase, the cell synthesizes mRNA and proteins in preparation for subsequent steps leading to mitosis. G1 phase ends when the cell moves into the S phase of interphase. Around 30 to 40 percent of cell cycle time is spent in the G1 phase.
Rosie Horton
Dame Rosemary Anne Horton DNZM QSO QSM (née Moon; 25 March 1940 – 14 May 2023) was a New Zealand philanthropist. For more than 40 years she raised money for New Zealand organisations, many of which focus on sick children and women.

King's Service Medal
The King's Service Medal (created as the Queen's Service Medal in 1975 and renamed in 2024) is a medal awarded by the government of New Zealand to recognise and reward volunteer service to the community and also public service in elected or appointed public office. It was established in 1975 and is related to the King's Service Order. The QSM replaced the Imperial Service Medal as an award of New Zealand.

On 3 May 2024, the Queen's Service Medal was renamed to the King's Service Medal by Royal Warrant. Recipients of the Queen's Service Medal from 1975 until May 2024 will continue to use the 'QSM' postnominal letters with recipients of the King's Service Medal from June 2024 using the postnominal letters 'KSM'.
Serra de la Llacuna
The Serra de la Llacuna (Catalan for "Small lake mountain range") is a modest mountain ridge located in the municipality of La Llacuna in the comarca of Anoia, Catalonia, Spain. Its highest point reaches approximately 844 metres above sea level.

Anoia
Anoia (Catalan pronunciation: [əˈnɔjə]) is a comarca (county) in central Catalonia, Spain, with its capital at Igualada. It is mainly located in the Penedès region, with its northern section being in Central Catalonia.

The comarca of Anoia is irrigated by the Anoia River; the leading industry is the making of paper.

To the north are Solsonès and Bages, to the west, Baix Llobregat to the south Baix Penedès and Alt Camp, and to the east Conca de Barberà and Segarra.
Lesbian erasure
Lesbian erasure is a form of lesbophobia that involves the tendency to ignore, remove, falsify, or reexplain evidence of lesbian women or relationships in history, academia, the news media, and other primary sources. Lesbian erasure also refers to instances wherein lesbian issues, activism, and identity is deemphasized or ignored within feminist groups, or the LGBTQ community.

Discrimination against lesbians
Discrimination against lesbians, sometimes called lesbophobia or lesphobia, comprises various forms of prejudice and negativity towards lesbians as individuals, as couples, as a group, or lesbianism in general.

Examples of discrimination against lesbians include, but are not limited to, discrimination in housing and employment, physical or sexual abuse including corrective rape, lack of legal protections for lesbian couples to care for one another, removal of children from lesbian mothers, negative stereotypes and negative media representation, verbal harassment, legal persecution and imprisonment, government censorship, and familial and/or community rejection.

Lesbophobia is analogous to gayphobia.
Trevor Platt
Trevor Charles Platt FRS FRSC (August 12, 1942 - April 6, 2020) was a British and Canadian biological oceanographer who was distinguished for his fundamental contributions to quantifying primary production by phytoplankton at various scales of space and time in the ocean.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Veon (company)
VEON Ltd. (formerly VimpelCom Ltd.), also known as VEON Group, is a multinational telecommunication and digital services company. Headquartered in Dubai, the company is publicly traded on the U.S.-based NASDAQ stock exchange. VEON operates in six markets in Europe and Asia, including Bangladesh, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. Specific brands include Banglalink in Bangladesh, Jazz in Pakistan, Kyivstar in Ukraine, and units operating in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan under the Beeline brand. In 2024, the company had 160 million total customers, 1.8 million fixed line customers, and 111 million monthly active users of its digital services, with products and services in areas such as mobile financial services, entertainment, health, and education among others.

Jazz (mobile network operator)
Pakistan Mobile Communications Limited (PMCL), doing business as Jazz, is a Pakistani mobile network operator headquartered in Islamabad.

It is currently led by chief executive officer (CEO) Aamir Hafeez Ibrahim.

As of January 2026, Jazz has 74 million subscribers in Pakistan, among which 55 million are 4G subscribers. It has the highest market share of all mobile network operators at 37%.
Mystriosuchini
Mystriosuchini, historically known as Pseudopalatinae, is an extinct tribe (formerly subfamily) of derived phytosaurs in the clade Leptosuchomorpha. As with all other phytosaurs, mystriosuchins lived during Late Triassic. The name is derived from the genus Mystriosuchus, and the clade was phylogenetically defined by Andrew S. Jones and Richard J. Butler in 2018 as the last common ancestor and all descendants of Mystriosuchus planirostris, Machaeroprosopus jablonskiae, and Machaeroprosopus buceros.

Genera classified in Mystriosuchini include Coburgosuchus, Machaeroprosopus, Mystriosuchus, Nicrosaurus and Redondasaurus. It includes the most ecologically divergent phytosaurs, the terrestrial Nicrosaurus and the fully aquatic Mystriosuchus.

Mystriosuchus
Mystriosuchus (meaning "spoon-crocodile") is an extinct genus of phytosaur that lived in the Late Triassic (middle Norian) in Europe and Greenland. It was first named by Eberhard Fraas in 1896, and includes four species: M. planirostris (the type species), M. westphali, M. steinbergeri, and M. alleroq.
Bassianus (executed by Constantine)
Bassianus (died 316 AD) was a Roman senator, whom the Emperor Constantine I arranged to marry his half-sister, Anastasia. In 314 Constantine hoped to elevate Bassianus to the imperial rank of caesar, but Constantine's co-augustus in the East Licinius successfully opposed the move. According to the Anonymus Valesianus, a Latin chronicle composed during late antiquity, Bassianus was accused of plotting against the throne and was executed by Constantine.

Licinius
Valerius Licinianus Licinius (/lɪˈsɪniəs/; Greek: Λικίνιος; c. 265 – 325) was Roman emperor from 308 to 324. For most of his reign, he was the colleague and rival of Constantine I, with whom he co-authored the Edict of Milan that granted official toleration to Christians in the Roman Empire. He was finally defeated at the Battle of Chrysopolis (AD 324), and was later executed on the orders of Constantine.
Yang Xi (Three Kingdoms)
Yang Xi (late 200s - 261), courtesy name Wenran, was a Chinese politician of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He is best known for writing the Ji Han Fuchen Zan (季漢輔臣贊; pub. 241), a collection of praises of notable persons who served in the Shu Han state. Chen Shou, the third-century historian who wrote the Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi), extensively quoted and annotated Yang Xi's collection.

Chen Shou
Chen Shou (Chinese: 陳壽; 233–297), courtesy name Chengzuo (承祚), was a Chinese historian, politician, and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China. Chen Shou is best known for his most celebrated work, the Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi), which records the history of the late Eastern Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period. Chen Shou wrote the Sanguozhi primarily in the form of biographies of notable persons of those eras. Today, Chen's Records of the Three Kingdoms is part of the Twenty-Four Histories canon of Chinese history.
New Jalpaiguri–Amritsar Karmabhoomi Express
The 12407 / 12408 New Jalpaiguri–Amritsar Karmabhoomi Express is an express train of the Indian Railways connecting the cities of Amritsar in Punjab and New Jalpaiguri in West Bengal. It originates from New Jalpaiguri Junction of Siliguri and terminates in Amritsar Junction of Amritsar. It is currently being operated with 12407/12408 train numbers on a weekly basis.

Amritsar Junction railway station
Amritsar Central Railway Station (station code: ASR) is a railway located in Amritsar district in the Indian state of Punjab and serves Amritsar. It is the largest and busiest railway station of Punjab.
Sant Quirc de Durro
Sant Quirc de Durro is an isolated chapel  situated in the village of Durro, in the territory of Vall de Boí, a commune in the valley with the same name and in Comarca of Alta Ribagorça in the north of Province of Lleida and the autonomous communities of Catalonia in Spain.
It is one of the best known places of Roman art in the valley and since November 2000, is part of the world heritage site of UNESCO with eight other Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí.

The chapel is situated at an altitude of 1498m, giving a very large panorama closed by the massifs of Comaloforno and those of Besiberri. A path allows  to reach the small lake of Durro at height of 2250m. It is dedicated to Saint Cyr of Tarse, child saint, son of Saint Julietta, both of them martyred in 304. A feast is celebrated in their honour on June 16.

Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí
The Churches of the Vall de Boí are a set of nine Early Romanesque churches declared World Heritage Site by UNESCO and located in the Vall de Boí, in the Catalan comarca of Alta Ribagorça (Province of Lleida).

Built between the 11th and 12th centuries, as a group, these churches represent an especially pure and consistent example of pictorial art and architecture in the Lombard Romanesque style and were unusual for the richness of their interior paintings. They are the largest concentration in Europe of Romanesque art and a unique example of 12th century Catalonian cultural traditions.

In the early 20th century, a major effort to study the interior pictorial decoration was undertaken, resulting in their protection in law and their removal to the National Museum of Catalan Art (MNAC) in Barcelona and replacing them with in-situ reproductions.
Fake nude photography
Fake nude photography is the creation of nude photographs designed to appear as genuine nudes of an individual. The motivations for the creation of these modified photographs include curiosity, sexual gratification, the stigmatization or embarrassment of the subject, and commercial gain, such as through the sale of the photographs via pornographic websites. Fakes can be created using image editing software or through machine learning. Fake images created using the latter method are called deepfakes.

Nude photography
Nude photography is the creation of any photograph which contains an image of a nude or semi-nude person, or an image suggestive of nudity. Nude photography is undertaken for a variety of purposes, including educational uses, commercial applications (including erotic or pornographic materials) and artistic creations.

The exhibition or publication of nude photographs may be controversial, more so in some cultures and countries than in others, and especially if the subject or viewer is a minor.
Backfire (1950 film)
Backfire is a 1950 American film noir crime film directed by Vincent Sherman starring Virginia Mayo and Gordon MacRae, with Edmond O'Brien, Dane Clark, and Viveca Lindfors in support.

The film was written by Larry Marcus, Ben Roberts and Ivan Goff. Goff and Roberts would go on to write White Heat the following year, a film that also stars O'Brien and Mayo.

Although Backfire was completed in October 1948, it was not released until January 1950.

White Heat
White Heat is a 1949 American film noir, directed by Raoul Walsh. Its screenplay, written by Ivan Goff and Ben Roberts, is based on a story by Virginia Kellogg. The film stars James Cagney, Virginia Mayo, and Edmond O'Brien.

White Heat is considered to be one of the best gangster films of all time. In 2003, White Heat was added to the National Film Registry as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress.
Iphianassa (daughter of Agamemnon)
In the Iliad, Iphianassa (/ˌɪfiəˈnæsə/; Ancient Greek: Ἰφιάνασσα, romanized: Iphiánassa, lit. 'strong queen')  is an obscure and controversial daughter of Agamemnon and Clytaemnestra, sister to Laodice and Chrysothemis, sometimes considered identical to Iphigenia.

Clytemnestra
In Greek mythology, Clytemnestra (/ˌklaɪtəmˈnɛstrə/, UK also /klaɪtəmˈniːstrə/; Ancient Greek: Κλυταιμνήστρα, romanized: Klutaimnḗstra, pronounced [klytai̯mnɛ̌ːstraː]), was the wife of Agamemnon, king of Mycenae, and the half-sister of Helen of Troy. With Agamemnon, she was the mother of Orestes and Electra.

Clytemnestra appears as a character in multiple ancient Greek works, including the Homeric epics and plays by Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides. She is infamous for murdering Agamemnon and the Trojan princess Cassandra, whom Agamemnon had taken as a war prize, when they returned from Trojan War. However, in Homer's Odyssey and Iliad, her role in Agamemnon's death is unclear and her character is significantly more subdued.
Apache Felix
Apache Felix is an open source implementation of the OSGi Core Release 6 framework specification. The initial codebase was donated from the Oscar project at ObjectWeb. The developers worked on Felix for a full year and have made various improvements while retaining the original footprint and performance. On June 21, 2007, the project graduated from incubation as a top level project and is considered the smallest size software at Apache Software Foundation.

OSGi
OSGi is an open specification and open source project under the Eclipse Foundation.

It is a continuation of the work done by the OSGi Alliance (formerly known as the Open Services Gateway initiative), which was an open standards organization for software founded in March 1999. The foundation originally specified and maintained the OSGi standard. The alliance transferred its work to the Eclipse Foundation at the end of 2020.

The OSGi specification describes a modular system and a service platform for the Java programming language that implements a complete and dynamic component model, something that does not exist in standalone Java or VM environments.  It has a service-oriented architecture based on micro services each implemented as an extended Java class file archive (JAR (file format)).
2018–19 Rugby Europe Trophy
The 2018–19 Rugby Europe Trophy is the second-level rugby union competition below the premier Championship. It is the third Trophy competition under its new format, that will see Czech Republic, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, and Switzerland compete for the title, and a place in the Championship-Trophy promotion play-off.

This year's competition sees Lithuania joining the Trophy after winning the Trophy-Conference 1 promotion play-off against Malta. After the Championship-Trophy promotion play-off of the 2017-18 season, which was played on 3 November 2018 between Portugal and Romania after the eligibility case of the 2018 Rugby Europe Championship, Portugal remained on the Trophy level and lost the relegation play-off for the second year in a row.

2018–19 Rugby Europe International Championships
The 2018–19 Rugby Europe International Championships is the European Championship for tier 2 and tier 3 rugby union nations. The 2018–19 season is the third of its new format and structure, where all Levels play on a one-year cycle, replacing the old format of a two-year cycle, with the teams playing each other both home and away.

After the eligibility controversy of the 2018 Championship season, and the following points deduction, Romania faced and defeated Portugal in the relegation play-off to determine the last competitor for the 2019 Championship edition.
Cecil Davidge
Cecil Vere Davidge of Little Houghton House DL (14 February 1901 – 27 January 1981) was a British lawyer and academic, who served as a Fellow and bursar of Keble College, Oxford, and as High Sheriff of Northamptonshire.

High Sheriff of Northamptonshire
This is a list of the High Sheriffs of Northamptonshire.

The High Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown.  Formerly the High Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post have been transferred elsewhere or are now defunct, so that its functions are now largely ceremonial.  The High Sheriff changes every March.