hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Retired (cricket)
In cricket, a batter may retire from an innings at any time when the ball is dead; they must then be replaced by a teammate who has not been dismissed. The most common reason for retirement is if the batter becomes injured or unwell, in which case they can resume their innings.

Retirement is covered by Law 25 of the Laws of Cricket, which distinguishes between two types of retirement. If the batter is ill or injured they are considered retired – not out and are permitted to return to batting if they recover. In all other cases the batter is considered retired – out and may not return to the innings, unless the opposing captain offers an exemption. These two types of retirement are considered differently in cricket statistics.

Innings
An innings is one of the divisions of a cricket match during which one team takes its turn to bat. Innings also means the period in which an individual player bats (acts as either striker or nonstriker). In cricket and rounders, "innings" is both singular and plural; this contrasts with baseball and softball in which the singular is "inning".
Kagome (company)
Kagome Co., Ltd. (カゴメ株式会社, Kagome Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese manufacturer and distributor of tomato-based foods, and fruit and vegetable juices.

Its core product is the Yasai Seikatsu 100 brand of vegetable juice, introduced in 1995.  It also claims to be Japan's largest supplier of tomato ketchup and tomato juice.  Kagome grows tomatoes in greenhouses and market gardens in Japan.

Since 2007, it has partnered with Asahi Breweries (TYO: 2502) to develop low alcohol fruit and vegetable drinks.  
U.S.-based global fast food restaurateur, Yum! Brands, awarded its 2008 Asia Franchise STAR to Kagome.

Tokyo Stock Exchange
The Tokyo Stock Exchange (東京証券取引所, Tōkyō Shōken Torihikijo), abbreviated as Tosho (東証) or TSE/TYO, is a stock exchange located in Tokyo, Japan.

The exchange is owned by Japan Exchange Group (JPX), a holding company that it also lists (TYO: 8697), and operated by Tokyo Stock Exchange, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of JPX. JPX was formed from the merger of Tokyo Stock Exchange Group, Inc. with Osaka Securities Exchange Co., Ltd. (now Osaka Exchange, Inc.); the merger process began in July 2012, when said merger was approved by the Japan Fair Trade Commission. JPX itself was launched on January 1, 2013.
Isabel Sanford
Eloise Gwendolyn "Isabel" Sanford (August 29, 1917 – July 9, 2004) was an American stage, film, and television actress and comedian best known for her role as Louise "Weezy" Mills Jefferson on the CBS sitcoms All in the Family (1971–1975) and The Jeffersons (1975–1985). In 1981, she became the second African-American actress to win a Primetime Emmy Award after Gail Fisher and the first African-American actress to win for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series
This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series. Beginning with 1966, leading actresses in comedy have competed alone. However, these comedic performances included actresses from miniseries, telefilms, and guest performers competing against main cast competitors. Such instances are marked below:

# – Indicates a performance in a Miniseries or Television film, prior to the category's creation

§ – Indicates a performance as a guest performer, prior to the category's creation

The 71st Primetime Emmy Awards were the first and, so far, only Emmys where there is no representation from any of the big four broadcast networks.
Waitangiroto Nature Reserve
The Waitangiroto Nature Reserve is a protected area of 1,534 ha (3,790 acres) near Whataroa, in the West Coast of New Zealand. The reserve consists of lowland kahikatea swamp forest either side of the Waitangiroto River. It is notable as the site of the only breeding colony of kōtuku or white heron (Ardea alba modesta) in New Zealand, comprising 100–120 birds. Royal spoonbills and little shags also breed alongside the kōtuku. The breeding colony is a visitor attraction during the breeding season, but access to the entire nature reserve is by permit only. Visitors can view the birds from a hide across the Waitangiroto River. Tours of the reserve operate from a base in Whataroa.

Although the kōtuku nesting colony is commonly known as the "Ōkārito colony", Ōkārito is some distance to the south, over a glacial moraine in a different drainage basin. White herons can be commonly seen feeding in Ōkārito Lagoon, a possible cause of the confusion.

Ōkārito Lagoon
Ōkārito Lagoon is a coastal lagoon on the West Coast of New Zealand's South Island. It is located 130 kilometres (81 mi) south of Hokitika, and covers an area of about 3,240 hectares (12.5 sq mi), making it the largest unmodified coastal wetland in New Zealand. It preserves a sequence of vegetation types from mature rimu forest through mānuka scrub to brackish water that has been lost in much of the rest of the West Coast.  The settlement of Ōkārito is at the southern end of the lagoon.
Sternoclavicular joint
The sternoclavicular joint or sternoclavicular articulation is a synovial saddle joint between the manubrium of the sternum, and the clavicle, and the first costal cartilage. The joint possesses a joint capsule, and an articular disc, and is reinforced by multiple ligaments.

Synovial joint
A synovial joint, also known as diarthrosis, joins bones or cartilage with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones, constitutes the outer boundary of a synovial cavity, and surrounds the bones' articulating surfaces. This joint unites long bones and permits free bone movement and greater mobility. The synovial cavity/joint is filled with synovial fluid. The joint capsule is made up of an outer layer of fibrous membrane, which keeps the bones together structurally, and an inner layer, the synovial membrane, which seals in the synovial fluid.

They are the most common and most movable type of joint in the body. As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones. They originated 400 million years ago in the first jawed vertebrates.
David Johnston (British politician)
David Mervyn Johnston OBE (born 27 November 1981) is a British politician who served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Children, Families and Wellbeing from August 2023 to the general election of July 2024. A member of the Conservative Party, he was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Wantage from 2019 until 2024 when the seat was abolished.

On 6 July 2022, he resigned from his position as Parliamentary Private Secretary at the Department for Education  amid the Chris Pincher scandal which led to Boris Johnson’s resignation as Prime Minister.

Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Children, Families and Wellbeing
The office of Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Children and Families, formerly Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Children, Families and Wellbeing, is a junior ministerial position in the Department for Education, previously the Department for Children, Schools and Families and Department for Education and Skills, in the Government of the United Kingdom. The incumbent minister is Josh MacAlister.

The post was previously known as Minister of State for Schools and Childhood following the appointment of Kelly Tolhurst on 7 September 2022, who succeeded Brendan Clarke-Smith.
Makrodactylus
Makrodactylus (meaning "long finger") is an extinct genus of monofenestratan pterosaurs known from the Late Jurassic Mörnsheim Formation of Germany. The genus contains a single species, Makrodactylus oligodontus, known from the partial skull and skeleton of a mature individual discovered in 2014 and scientifically named in 2025. It has an elongated skull with no more than seven tooth positions, restricted to the front part of the mouth. With a wingspan of 0.6 metres (2.0 ft), it was smaller than all other early monofenestratans. It coexisted with Skiphosoura and "Rhamphodactylus", both of which are likely close relatives.

Skiphosoura
Skiphosoura (meaning "sword tail") is an extinct genus of pterodactyliform pterosaurs from the Late Jurassic Mörnsheim Formation of Germany. The genus contains a single species, S. bavarica, known from a nearly complete skeleton including a partial skull. Skiphosoura exhibits a transitional body morphology between more basal pterosaurs and later pterodactyloids.
Three Is a Magic Number
"Three is a Magic Number" is an educational song and segment about the number three in the Schoolhouse Rock! series that aired as the program's pilot episode on January 6, 1973. Written and performed by the accomplished jazz artist Bob Dorough, the lyrics contain multiplication tables as well as a mystical assortment of trios including "past and the present and the future" and "the heart and the brain and the body". Because of the quality of Three is a Magic Number's songwriting, Schoolhouse Rock! was expanded from an album into a television program.

The song is associated with Generation X culture of the U.S., and has been covered or adapted by artists like De La Soul (as "The Magic Number"), Blind Melon, and Jack Johnson.

Schoolhouse Rock!
Schoolhouse Rock! is an American interstitial programming series of animated musical educational short films (and later, music videos) which aired during the Saturday morning children's programming block on the US television network ABC. The themes covered included grammar, science, economics, history, mathematics, and civics. The series' original run lasted from 1973 to 1985; it was later revived from 1993 to 1996. Additional episodes were produced in 2009 for direct-to-video release.
Farnworth Town Hall
Farnworth Town Hall is a municipal building in Market Street, Farnworth, Greater Manchester, England. The town hall, which was the headquarters of Farnworth Borough Council, is a grade II listed building.

Municipal Borough of Farnworth
The Municipal Borough of Farnworth was a local government district centred on the town of Farnworth in the administrative county of Lancashire, England. A local board of health had been established for Farnworth in 1863, which was reconstituted as an urban district in 1899, before being  granted a charter of incorporation to become a municipal borough in 1939. Following abolition of the local authority in 1974, Farnworth became an unparished area of the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester.
Wonder Woman (comic book)
Wonder Woman is an ongoing American comic book series featuring the DC Comics superhero Wonder Woman and occasionally other superheroes as its protagonist. The character first appeared in All Star Comics #8 (cover dated December 1941), later featured in Sensation Comics (January 1942) series and gaining her own solo title shortly after.

The series contained many volume revamps and new writers through the ages. Events within the DC Universe tended to affect the series' storylines, including several reboots such as Crisis on Infinite Earths and The New 52.

The series was given a relaunch in 2016, when DC Comics rebooted its entire line of titles in an event called DC Rebirth. The series received a revamp in 2021, as part of a line-wide relaunch called Infinite Frontier, with issue #770. The series relaunched in 2023 as a part of Dawn of DC.

Sensation Comics
Sensation Comics is the title of an American comic book anthology series published by DC Comics that ran for 109 issues from 1942 to 1952. For most of its run, the lead feature was Wonder Woman, a character which had been introduced in All Star Comics #8 (October 1941). Other characters that appeared included the Black Pirate, the Gay Ghost, Mister Terrific, Wildcat, Sargon the Sorcerer, Hal Mason, the Whip, the Atom, Little Boy Blue, Hop Harrigan, Romance, Inc., Lady Danger, Doctor Pat, and Astra.

The series briefly became a romance title starting with issue #94 (November 1949). Johnny Peril became the lead feature with issue #107, when the theme of the comic changed to a supernatural/mystery format. The title was changed to Sensation Mystery with #110 and ran for another seven issues. The retitled series ended with issue #116 (July–August 1953).
Eswatini women's national under-20 football team
The Eswatini women's national under-20 football team represents Eswatini in international youth women's football competitions. Its primary role is the development of players in preparation for the senior women's national team. The team competes in a variety of competitions, including the biennial African U-20 Women's World Cup qualification, which is the top competitions for this age group.

Eswatini women's national football team
The Eswatini women's national football team, nicknamed Sitsebe Samhlekazi, represents Eswatini, formerly known as Swaziland, in international football and is controlled by the Eswatini Football Association.
Zswap
zswap is a Linux kernel feature that provides a compressed write-back cache for swapped pages, as a form of virtual memory compression. Instead of moving memory pages to a swap device when they are to be swapped out, zswap performs their compression and then stores them into a memory pool dynamically allocated in the system RAM. Later writeback to the actual swap device is deferred or even completely avoided, resulting in a significantly reduced I/O for Linux systems that require swapping; the tradeoff is the need for additional CPU cycles to perform the compression.

As a result of reduced I/O, zswap offers advantages to various devices that use flash-based storage, including embedded devices, netbooks and similar low-end hardware devices, as well as to other devices that use solid-state drives (SSDs) for storage. Flash memory has a limited lifespan due to its nature, so avoiding it to be used for providing swap space prevents it from wearing out quickly.

Page (computer memory)
A page, memory page, or virtual page is a fixed-length contiguous block of virtual memory, described by a single entry in a page table. It is the smallest unit of data for memory management in an operating system that uses virtual memory. Similarly, a page frame is the smallest fixed-length contiguous block of physical memory into which memory pages are mapped by the operating system.

A transfer of pages between main memory and an auxiliary store, such as a hard disk drive, is referred to as paging or swapping.
Welland
Welland is a city in the Regional Municipality of Niagara in Southern Ontario, Canada. As of 2021, it had a population of 55,750.

The city is in the centre of Niagara and located within a half-hour driving distance to Niagara Falls, Niagara-on-the-Lake, St. Catharines, and Port Colborne. It has been traditionally known as the place where rails and water meet, referring to the railways from Buffalo to Toronto and Southwestern Ontario, and the waterways of Welland Canal and Welland River, which played a great role in the city's development. The city has developed on both sides of the Welland River and Welland Canal, which connects Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.

Port Colborne
Port Colborne is a city in Ontario, Canada that is located on Lake Erie, at the southern end of the Welland Canal, in the Niagara Region of Southern Ontario. The original settlement, known as Gravelly Bay, dates from 1832  and was renamed after Sir John Colborne, a British war hero and the Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada at the time of the opening of the (new) southern terminus of the First Welland Canal in 1833. The city's population in 2021 was 20,033.
Vinkt
Vinkt is a village in the Belgian province of East Flanders and is a submunicipality of Deinze. It was an independent municipality until the municipal reorganization of 1977. The village is located on the border with West Flanders, at the intersection of the N409 road from Aalter to Deinze and the road from Aarsele to Nevele. The village had 1304 inhabitants in 1981.

The oldest mention of Vinkt is from 1123-46 as Uincte and as Vinke in 1220. The lordship fell under the Land of Nevele.

During World War II a war crime committed by German soldiers in the villages of Vinkt and Meigem on 26–28 May 1940 during the Battle of the Lys known as the Vinkt massacre.

Nevele
Nevele (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈneːvələ]) is a village and former municipality located in the Belgian province of East Flanders. The municipality comprises the towns of Hansbeke, Landegem, Merendree, Nevele proper, Poesele and Vosselare. In 2018, the municipality of Nevele had a total population of 12,179. The total area is 51.89 km2.

Effective 1 January 2019, the municipality was merged into Deinze.
K-244 (Kansas highway)
K-244 is a 3.940-mile-long (6.341 km) east–west state highway in the north-central portion of the U.S. state of Kansas. K-244's western terminus is at Milford Lake Road northwest of Junction City. Milford Lake Road travels south to K-18, then further south to I-70 and US-40 at exit 290. K-244's eastern terminus is at US-77 north of Junction City. The highway serves West Rolling Hills Park and Milford State Park, which are both adjacent to Milford Lake.

K-244 was approved to be constructed on June 12, 1964, by the Kansas State Highway Commission, now known as the Kansas Department of Transportation. The new K-244 was opened in 1967. In a resolution passed on May 10, 1967, it was approved to extend K-57 northward over the Milford Dam and back to US-77. At this time, K-244 Spur was approved to be built.

K-18 (Kansas highway)
K-18 is a 206-mile (332 km), west–east state highway in the U.S. State of Kansas. K-18's western terminus is at U.S. Route 24 (US-24) near Bogue and the eastern terminus is at K-99 south of Wamego. Portions of the highway have been upgraded to a freeway beginning in 2012.

K-18 from US-81 to the western boundary of Lincoln County has been designated "Medal of Honor Recipient Donald K. Ross Memorial Highway".
Plane-form enamel hypoplasia
Plane-form enamel hypoplasia is often seen as the most severe type of enamel hypoplasia, and results from enamel matrix formation stopping, resulting in areas of crown with little or no dental enamel deposition. With plane form meaning the surface is smooth and flat.  A relatively short period of severe stress can potentially lead to a very large defect. Plane-form enamel hypoplasia can be caused by a variety of factors, including severe illness/malnutrition, as well as specific conditions such as amelogenesis imperfecta and congenital syphilis. In severe cases enamel can be completely missing from areas of the crown, exposing the underlying dentine. This condition has been recorded in history since at least the 18th and 19th century. A study was done on a 15-year-old female that was alive during the 18th and 19th century, and she presented enamel hypoplasia.

Tooth enamel
Tooth enamel is one of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many animals, including some species of fish. It makes up the normally visible part of the tooth, covering the crown. The other major tissues are dentin, cementum, and dental pulp. It is a very hard, white to off-white, highly mineralised substance that acts as a barrier to protect the tooth but can become susceptible to degradation, especially by acids from food and drink. In rare circumstances enamel fails to form, leaving the underlying dentin exposed on the surface.
Rowlatt Committee
The Sedition Committee, usually known as the Rowlatt Committee, was a committee of inquiry appointed in 1917 by the British Indian Government with Sidney Rowlatt, an Anglo-Egyptian judge, as its president, charged with evaluating the threat posed to British rule by the revolutionary movement and determining the legal changes necessary to deal with it.

Revolutionary movement for Indian independence
The Revolutionary movement for Indian Independence was part of the Indian independence movement comprising the actions of violent underground revolutionary factions. Groups believing in armed revolution against the ruling British fall into this category, as opposed to the generally peaceful civil disobedience movement spearheaded by Mahatma Gandhi.

The revolutionary groups were mainly concentrated in Bengal, Bombay, Bihar, the United Provinces and Punjab. More groups were scattered across India.
Mechelen incident
The Mechelen incident of 10 January 1940, also known as the Mechelen affair, took place in Belgium during the Phoney War in the first stages of World War II. A German aircraft with an officer on board carrying the plans for Fall Gelb (Case Yellow), the German attack on the Low Countries, crash-landed in neutral Belgium near Vucht in the modern-day municipality of Maasmechelen (Mechelen-aan-de-Maas) within the Province of Limburg. This prompted an immediate crisis in the Low Countries and amidst the French and British authorities, whom the Belgians notified of their discovery; however, the crisis abated relatively quickly once the dates mentioned in the plans passed without incident. It has been argued that the incident led to a major change in the German attack plan, but this hypothesis has also been disputed.

Maasmechelen
Maasmechelen (Dutch pronunciation: [maːsˈmɛxələ(n)]; Limburgish: Mechele) is a municipality located on the Meuse in the Belgian province of Limburg.

It comprises the former municipalities of Mechelen-aan-de-Maas, Vucht, Leut, Meeswijk, Uikhoven, Eisden, Opgrimbie, Boorsem, and Kotem.

Due to Maasmechelen's location near the borders of both the Netherlands and Germany, as well as its coal mining history, quite a few of its current inhabitants are of Dutch, German, Polish, or Mediterranean (mainly Italian) origin.
TOGB
TOGB is a football club from Berkel en Rodenrijs, Netherlands. The club was founded in 1928. Its first squad plays in the Derde Divisie since 2022.

The club was established on 28 October 1928 as TOGB, a Dutch abbreviation for Tot Ons Genoegen Berkel (English translation: To our delight Berkel). Former players include Roland Bergkamp, Dwight Eli and  Tim Vincken.

Berkel en Rodenrijs
Berkel en Rodenrijs (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbɛrkəl ɛn ˈroːdə(n)rɛis] ⓘ) is a town and former municipality in the municipality of Lansingerland, in the province of South Holland, The Netherlands. The town is very close to Rotterdam.
Lucas islands model
The Lucas islands model is an economic model of the link between money supply and price and output changes in a simplified economy using rational expectations. It delivered a new classical explanation of the Phillips curve relationship between unemployment and inflation. The model was formulated by Robert Lucas, Jr. in a series of papers in the 1970s.

New classical macroeconomics
New classical macroeconomics is a school of thought in macroeconomics based on a neoclassical framework. It emphasizes the importance of foundations based on microeconomics, especially rational expectations.

New classical macroeconomics uses neoclassical microeconomic foundations for macroeconomic analysis. This is in contrast with the new Keynesian school that uses microfoundations, such as price stickiness and imperfect competition, to generate macroeconomic models similar to earlier, Keynesian ones.