hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Théâtre des Funambules
The Théâtre des Funambules (French pronunciation: [teɑtʁ de fynɑ̃byl]; 'Theatre of the Tightrope-Walkers') was a theater located on the boulevard du Temple in Paris, sometimes called the Boulevard du Crime. It was located between the prominent Théâtre de la Gaîté, and the much smaller Théâtre des Délassements-Comiques.

Originally an informal venue for acrobatics and pantomime, a theatre was eventually built in 1816 with a seating capacity of 500 that was later enlarged to accommodate 773. The Funambules became celebrated for the performances of the 'Pierrot' mime Jean-Gaspard Deburau, between around 1819 and 1846, and also the early career of the great classical actor Frédérick Lemaître.

The theatre was demolished in 1862, along with other neighboring venues such as Théâtre de la Gaîté, during Haussmann's renovation of Paris.

Théâtre de la Gaîté (boulevard du Temple)
The Théâtre de la Gaîté (French pronunciation: [teɑtʁ də la ɡɛte]), a former Parisian theatre company, was founded in 1759 on the boulevard du Temple by the celebrated Parisian fair-grounds showman Jean-Baptiste Nicolet as the Théâtre de Nicolet, ou des Grands Danseurs (pronounced [teɑtʁ də nikɔlɛ u de ɡʁɑ̃ dɑ̃sœʁ]). The company was invited to perform for the royal court of Louis XV in 1772 and thereafter took the name of Grands-Danseurs du Roi (pronounced [ɡʁɑ̃ dɑ̃sœʁ dy ʁwa]). However, with the fall of the monarchy and the founding of the First French Republic in 1792, the name was changed to the less politically risky Théâtre de la Gaîté. The company's theatre on the boulevard du Temple was replaced in 1764 and 1808, and again in 1835 due to a fire. As a result of Haussmann's renovation of Paris, the company relocated to a new theatre on the rue Papin in 1862, and the 1835 theatre (pictured) was subsequently demolished.
Barcelona Metro line 8
Line 8 is a rapid transit line of the Barcelona Metro network. Unlike most lines on the network, it is operated by Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya. Line 8's metro service runs on the tracks of the Llobregat-Anoia line. As the other lines of the Barcelona Metro network, line 8 is part of the larger ATM fare-integrated transport system. It connects Plaça Espanya, in the Sants-Montjuïc district of Barcelona to the metropolitan area municipalities of L'Hospitalet, Cornellà and Sant Boi.

Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya
Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (Eastern Calatan: [ˌfɛrukəˈrilz ðə lə ʒənəɾəliˈtad də kətəˈluɲə], "Catalan Government Railways"; Spanish: Ferrocarriles de la Generalidad de Cataluña), or FGC, is a railway company which operates several unconnected lines in Catalonia, Spain.

The lines operated include metro and commuter lines in and around the city of Barcelona, tourist mountain railways, and rural railway lines. They include 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) of 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) gauge route, 140 kilometres (87 mi) of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge route, 42 kilometres (26 mi) of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge route, and 89 kilometres (55 mi) of broad gauge route, making the FGC one of the few railway companies to operate on four different gauges.

Whilst most lines are conventional adhesion railways, the FGC also operates two rack railways and four funicular railways.

In 2018, the network carried 87.2 million passengers.
Vimla Batham
Vimla Batham  (Hindi: विमला बाथम) is an Indian businesswoman, politician and the current president of the Uttar Pradesh State Commission for Women. She was member of the 16th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh. She represented the Noida constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party political party.

16th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (a.k.a. Sixteenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 15 March 2012 as a result of 2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election held between 8 Feb to 3 March 2012. The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly has total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member) against a total strength of 404 members.
Bente Juncker
Bente Juncker (born 9 May 1944) is a Danish politician. A member of the Centre Democrats (CD) political party, she joined the party in 1973, becoming a member of its board in Hørsholm and was appointed secretary of their National Organisation in 1978. Juncker was elected to represent the Eastern Copenhagen constituency in the Folketing in 1981 and held the seat until 1994. She was appointed the minister of social affairs by Prime Minister Poul Nyrup Rasmussen in early 1994 but she had to resign after 14 days following revelations in the Danish press of false allegations of sexual abuse, she had made and complaints of the placement of eight mentally disabled people near her summer house and the noise they were making. Juncker was appointed a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog in 1991.

Poul Nyrup Rasmussen
Poul Oluf Nyrup Rasmussen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈpʰʌwl ˈnyˀɔp ˈʁɑsmusn̩], informally Poul Nyrup, born 15 June 1943) is a retired Danish politician, who served as Prime Minister of Denmark from 25 January 1993 to 27 November 2001 and President of the Party of European Socialists (PES) from 2004 to 2011. He was the leader of the governing Social Democrats from 1992 to 2002 and was also a member of the European Parliament from 2004 to 2009.

Rasmussen is a member of the Club of Madrid. In 2007 he published the book I grådighedens tid (In a Time of Greed), which contains harsh criticism of the role hedge and venture capital funds play in the global economy.
Adlai Stevenson III
Adlai Ewing Stevenson III (October 10, 1930 – September 6, 2021) was an American attorney and politician from Illinois. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a member of the United States Senate from 1970 to 1981. A member of the prominent Stevenson family, he also served as a member of the Illinois House of Representatives and Illinois Treasurer. He unsuccessfully ran for governor of Illinois in 1982 and 1986. He had been awarded Japan’s Order of the Sacred Treasure with gold and silver stars and was an honorary Professor of Renmin University of China.

Illinois Treasurer
The Treasurer of Illinois is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Illinois. Seventy-four individuals have occupied the office of Treasurer since statehood. The incumbent is Mike Frerichs, a Democrat. A former Champaign County auditor and state senator, Frerichs was first elected to lead the state treasury in 2014 following a close race with Republican candidate Tom Cross.
Glen Moody
Glen Forest Moody B.E.M. (1909–1989) was a Welsh middleweight and light heavyweight boxer. Moody came from a notable family of boxers, six of his brothers fought professionally, with the most successful being British and Empire middleweight boxing champion Frank Moody. Glen Moody was Wales middleweight champion, winning the title in 1930 and successfully defended it on four occasions. Moody later moved up to light Middleweight and won the Wales title at that weight too.

British Empire Medal
The British Empire Medal (BEM; formerly British Empire Medal for Meritorious Service) is a British and Commonwealth award for meritorious civil or military service worthy of recognition by the Crown. The current honour was created in 1922 to replace the original medal, which had been established in 1917 as part of the Order of the British Empire.
C.E. Toberman Estate
The C. E. Toberman Estate, also known as Villa Las Colinas, is a gated Mission Revival mansion and estate on Camino Palmero in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, and as a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument in 1984.

Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument
Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments are sites which have been designated by the Los Angeles, California, Cultural Heritage Commission as worthy of preservation based on architectural, historic and cultural criteria.
Jolypha
Jolypha (20 April 1989 – 26 March 2005) was a French Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. A full-sister to the European champion Dancing Brave, she proved herself one of the best three-year-old fillies in the world in 1992, winning the Prix de Diane and Prix Vermeille on turf in Europe before running third on dirt against male opposition in the Breeders' Cup Classic. She was permanently transferred to the United States in the following year but won only one minor race in four attempts. She was then retired to become a broodmare in Kentucky, where her record as a producer of winners was moderate. She died in 2005 at the age of sixteen.

Dancing Brave
Dancing Brave (11 May 1983 – 2 August 1999) was an American-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a racing career which lasted from the autumn of 1985 until October 1986, he ran ten times and won eight races. Dancing Brave was the outstanding European racehorse of 1986, when he won the 2000 Guineas, the Eclipse Stakes, the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes and the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. His only defeats came in the Derby and the Breeders' Cup Turf. A modest sire of winners in Europe, he was later exported to Japan, where he enjoyed more success before his death in August 1999.

Dancing Brave is regarded as one of the greatest racehorses of the twentieth century.
Zeora
Zeora is a genus of crustose lichens in the family Lecanoraceae. Species in Zeora usually form yellowish to yellow-green crusts that may look powdery or granular, most often on bark and wood, though some also grow on rock. Many specimens are sterile, so they are often encountered as spreading patches without obvious fruiting bodies. The genus is almost cosmopolitan, and DNA-based studies have supported reviving Zeora for a distinct group of species once placed in Lecanora that also share similar secondary metabolites (lichen products), commonly including usnic acid and zeorin.

Lecanora
Lecanora is a genus of lichen commonly called rim lichens.: 279  Lichens in the genus Squamarina are also called rim lichens. Members of the genus have roughly circular fruiting discs (apothecia) with rims that have photosynthetic tissue similar to that of the nonfruiting part of the lichen body (thallus). Other lichens with apothecia having margins made of thallus-like tissue are called lecanorine.

It is in the  family Lecanoraceae in the suborder Lecanorineae.
TerraMaster
TerraMaster Technology Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 铁威马; pinyin: tiěwēimǎ) is a Chinese company that specializes in computer software, network attached storage (NAS), and direct attached storage (DAS). Its headquarters is in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. Its main peers and competitors include Synology and QNAP, which are well-known Taiwanese companies that also specialize in computer data storage.

Network-attached storage
Network-attached storage (NAS) is a file-level computer data storage server connected to a computer network providing data access to a heterogeneous group of clients. In this context, the term "NAS" can refer to both the technology and systems involved, or a specialized computer appliance device unit built for such functionality – a NAS appliance or NAS box. NAS contrasts with block-level, storage area networks (SAN) and direct-attached storage (DAS).
Invincible Shield
Invincible Shield is the nineteenth studio album by English heavy metal band Judas Priest, released on 6 March 2024 by Sony in Japan, and globally two days later through Columbia and Epic Records. It was produced by the band's touring guitarist Andy Sneap, who also produced 2018's Firepower, while the album's last two tracks ("Sons of Thunder" and "Giants in the Sky") were co-produced by Tom Allom.

The album debuted at number two on the UK Albums Chart, the highest position in the band's discography to date. In the US, it debuted at number 18 on the Billboard 200 and topped the spot for the Billboard Top Hard Rock Albums chart, earning 25,000 album-equivalent units in its first week.

Firepower (album)
Firepower is the eighteenth studio album by English heavy metal band Judas Priest. Released in 2018, it was the band's first studio album since 1988's Ram It Down to be produced by Tom Allom and the first one with Andy Sneap as co-producer. The album sold around 49,000 copies in the United States within its first week of release, debuting at No. 5 on the Billboard 200 chart, making it the band's highest-charting album in the US. The album also reached No. 5 in the UK, making it their first top-ten album in the UK since British Steel. Music videos were made for "Lightning Strike", "Spectre" and "No Surrender". A lyric video was made for "Never the Heroes". The record also produced three singles.
Languages of Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh is a multilingual state with 3 predominant languages and 26 other languages spoken in the state. The languages of Uttar Pradesh primarily belong to two zones in the Indo-Aryan languages, Central and East.

After the state's official language Hindi (and  co-official Urdu which is mutually intelligible), the Bhojpuri language is the second most spoken language with 25.5 million speakers or 11% of the state's population. Other languages spoken are Kauravi,  Awadhi, Braj, Bundeli, Bagheli and Kannauji. However, the exact speaker numbers for the languages are not known because the more educated prefer to speak in Hindi (in formal situations) and so return this answer on the census, while many in rural areas and the urban poor, especially the illiterate, list their language as "Hindi" on the census as they regard that as the term for their language, though incorrect.

Bhojpuri language
Bhojpuri (IPA: /ˌboʊdʒˈpʊəri/; Devanagari: भोजपुरीⓘ, Kaithi: 𑂦𑂷𑂔𑂣𑂳𑂩𑂲, (IPA: [bʰoːdʒpʊɾiː])) is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Bhojpur-Purvanchal region of India and the Terai region of Nepal. It is chiefly spoken in eastern Uttar Pradesh, western Bihar, and northwestern Jharkhand in India, as well as western Madhesh, eastern Lumbini. According to the 2011 Census of India, it is spoken by approximately 50.5 million people.

It is also a minority language in Fiji, Mauritius, Suriname and historically primarily in the Natal province of  South Africa. Fiji Hindi, an official language of Fiji, is a dialect of Bhojpuri spoken by the Indo-Fijians. Caribbean Hindustani is spoken by the Indo-Caribbean people in Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. In Mauritius, it is recognised by the government and taught in university as well.

Bhojpuri language is listed as potentially vulnerable in the UNESCO World Atlas of Languages.
Gestalt qualities
Gestalt qualities (German: Gestaltqualitäten) are concepts found in gestalt psychology which refer to the essential nature of a perceptual experience. An example would be how a melody is perceived, as a whole, rather than merely the sum of its individual notes. A formed Gestalt is an entire, complete structure, with clearly defined contours. The quality “trans – positivity” is manifested in the fact that the image of the whole remains even if all the parts change. Gestalt qualities were introduced by the Austrian philosopher Christian von Ehrenfels in his essay "On Gestalt Qualities," published in 1890.  "Ehrenfels qualities" may be another term for the same phenomena.  The qualities were based on tests done by flashing lights for certain amounts of time. This discovery later led to the famous Gestalt effect discovered by Max Wertheimer.

Gestalt psychology
Gestalt psychology, gestaltism, or configurationism  is a school of psychology and a theory of perception that emphasizes the processing of entire patterns and configurations, and not merely individual components. It emerged in the early twentieth century in Germany and Austria as a rejection of basic principles of Wilhelm Wundt's and Edward Titchener's elementalist and structuralist psychology.

Gestalt psychology is often associated with the adage, "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts". In Gestalt theory, information is perceived as wholes rather than disparate parts which are then processed summatively. As used in Gestalt psychology, the German word Gestalt (/ɡəˈʃtælt, -ˈʃtɑːlt/ gə-SHTA(H)LT, German: [ɡəˈʃtalt] ⓘ; meaning "form") is interpreted as "pattern" or "configuration".

It differs from Gestalt therapy, which is only peripherally linked to Gestalt psychology.
BAT Basilisk
The BAT F.K.25 Basilisk was a prototype British fighter aircraft of the First World War. A single engined biplane intended to meet a requirement to replace the Sopwith Snipe, the Basilisk was unsuccessful, only three being built.

Sopwith Snipe
The Sopwith 7F.1 Snipe is a British single-seat biplane fighter of the Royal Air Force (RAF). It was designed and built by the Sopwith Aviation Company during the First World War, and came into squadron service a few weeks before the end of the conflict, in late 1918. The Snipe was not a fast aircraft by the standards of its time, but its excellent climb performance and manoeuvrability made it a good match for contemporary German fighters. It was selected as the standard postwar single-seat RAF fighter and the last examples were not retired until 1926.
Pentax *ist DS
PENTAX *ist DS is a digital SLR camera produced by Pentax. The *ist DS produces a 6.1 megapixel resolution image.  The *ist DS was a lower-prices follow-on to the Pentax *ist D. In September 2005 the Digital Imaging Websites Association (DIWA), a worldwide organization of collaborating websites,  announced that Pentax had received their first DIWA Award for a DSLR camera. The *ist DS model was awarded with a Silver medal for outstanding test results.

Pentax *ist D
Pentax *ist D is a digital SLR camera produced by Pentax, released in 2003. The *ist D produces a 6.1 megapixel resolution image, using same sensor as Nikon D100. It was the smallest and lightest dSLR at the time, but still well equipped. For example, it had a large and bright pentaprism viewfinder, compared to pentamirror in other similarly priced competition.
Van Gogh Museum
The Van Gogh Museum (Dutch pronunciation: [vɑŋˈɣɔx mʏˌzeːjʏm]) is a Dutch art museum dedicated to the works of Vincent van Gogh and his contemporaries in the Museum Square in Amsterdam South, close to the Stedelijk Museum, the Rijksmuseum, and the Concertgebouw. The museum opened on 2 June 1973, and its buildings were designed by Gerrit Rietveld and Kisho Kurokawa.

The museum contains the largest collection of Van Gogh's paintings and drawings in the world. In 2017, the museum had 2.3 million visitors and was the most-visited museum in the Netherlands, and the 23rd-most-visited art museum in the world. In 2019, the Van Gogh Museum launched the Meet Vincent Van Gogh Experience, a technology-driven "immersive exhibition" on Van Gogh's life and works, which has toured globally.

Amsterdam-Zuid
Amsterdam-Zuid (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɑmstərdɑmˈzœyt]; Amsterdam South) is a borough (stadsdeel) of Amsterdam, Netherlands. The borough was formed in 2010 as a merger of the former boroughs Oud-Zuid and Zuideramstel. The borough has almost 138,000 inhabitants (2013). With 8,500 homes per square kilometer, it is one of the most densely populated boroughs of Amsterdam. It has the highest income per household of all boroughs in Amsterdam.
Louisiana Highway 107
Louisiana Highway 107 (LA 107) is a state highway located in central Louisiana that runs 65.0 miles (104.6 km) in a north–south direction from U.S. Highway 71 (US 71) in Morrow to a junction with LA 1250 in Pineville at the Pineville Expressway (US 167/LA 28).  Along the way, LA 107 services Cottonport, Mansura, and Marksville, intersecting routes such as LA 29, LA 114, and LA 1.  LA 107 has significant concurrencies with both LA 1 and LA 115 in the vicinity of Marksville.

Pineville Expressway
The Pineville Expressway is a four-lane controlled-access freeway that extends from I-49 in Alexandria through Pineville. It carries US 167 for all of its length, but also carries US 71 and LA 28 for some distance also. It follows the original routing of LA 3026 for some distance, as the highway has been extended over time. It also serves as a bypass around the residential areas of Pineville and Tioga.
Zigi Shipper
Zigi Shipper BEM (born Zygmunt Shipper; 18 January 1930 – 18 January 2023) was a Polish survivor of the Holocaust and public speaker. Born and raised in Łódź, Poland, he survived the Łódź ghetto, the  Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp, the Stutthof concentration camp, and a death march to Neustadt in Holstein, and was eventually liberated by the British Army on 3 May 1945.

In 1947, he moved to England and became a public speaker and educator with the Holocaust Educational Trust (HET), often speaking in schools about his experiences. In 2016, he was awarded a British Empire Medal for 20 years of work educating people about the Holocaust.

British Empire Medal
The British Empire Medal (BEM; formerly British Empire Medal for Meritorious Service) is a British and Commonwealth award for meritorious civil or military service worthy of recognition by the Crown. The current honour was created in 1922 to replace the original medal, which had been established in 1917 as part of the Order of the British Empire.
Riza, Aetolia-Acarnania
Riza (Greek: Ρίζα meaning roots, outside Aetolia-Acarnania: Riza Nafpaktias) is a settlement in Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece. It is part of the community of Makyneia, within the municipality of Nafpaktia.

Nafpaktia
Nafpaktia (Greek: Ναυπακτία), known in Ancient Greek as Naupactia, is the historical name for the region around the port town of Nafpaktos (Naupactus) in Central Greece. It is administered as a municipality of the Aetolia-Acarnania regional unit, with Nafpaktos as its seat. The municipality has an area of 876.209 km2.
Podostictina
Podostictina is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Peltigeraceae, (subfamily Lobarioideae). It comprises 13 species. These are medium to large-sized lichens that typically grow on tree bark and have a distinctive yellow interior when viewed in cross-section. The genus was separated from the broader Pseudocyphellaria group in 2013 when DNA studies revealed that what was once considered a single genus actually comprised four distinct evolutionary lineages.

Pseudocyphellaria
Pseudocyphellaria is a genus of large, leafy lichens that are sometimes referred to as "specklebelly" lichens.  The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in south temperate regions, and contains about 170 species. They resemble Lobaria, except that most species of Pseudocyphellaria have conspicuous pseudocyphellae on their lower surface, a characteristic that was once considered unique to this genus. Some species contain pulvinic acid-related pigments; in these species the soredia and pseudocyphellae can be bright yellow.
Juan Jufré
Juan Jufré de Loayza y Montesa (1516–1578) was a Spanish conquistador who participated in the 1541 expedition of Pedro de Valdivia to Chile. He was the first alcalde of Santiago, Chile (in 1541) and held the position of governor of the Argentine province of Cuyo. He founded the city of San Juan de la Frontera  and re-founded the city of Mendoza.

Pedro de Valdivia
Pedro Gutiérrez de Valdivia or Valdiva (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpeðɾo ðe βalˈdiβja]; April 17, 1497 – December 25, 1553) was a Spanish conquistador and the first Governor of Colonial Chile. After having served with the Spanish army in Italy and Flanders, he was sent to South America in 1535, where he served as a soldier under the Pizarro brothers in Peru, gradually rising in power.

In 1540, Valdivia led an expedition of 150 Spaniards and 1,000 Peruvian Indians into Chile, where he defeated a large force of indigenous warriors and founded Santiago in 1541. He extended Spanish rule south to the Biobío River in 1546, fought again in Peru (1546–1548), and returned to Chile as Royal Governor in 1549. In 1550, he expanded Spanish rule further south into Araucanía, where he founded the city of Concepción and the eponymous city of Valdivia. He was captured and killed by Mapuche Indians during the Arauco War in 1553.