hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Multiple cropping
In agriculture, multiple cropping or multicropping is the practice of growing two or more crops in the same piece of land during one year, instead of just one crop. When multiple crops are grown simultaneously, this is also known as intercropping. This cropping system helps farmers to double their crop productivity and their income. But, the selection of two or more crops for practicing multicropping mainly depends on the mutual benefit of the selected crops.

Threshing can be difficult in multiple cropping systems where crops are harvested together. It can take the form of double-cropping, in which a second crop is planted after the first has been harvested.  In the Garhwal Himalaya of India, a practice called barahnaja involves sowing 12 or more crops on the same plot, including various types of beans, grains, and millets, and harvesting them at different times.

Intercropping
Intercropping is a multiple cropping practice that involves the cultivation of two or more crops simultaneously on the same field, a form of polyculture. The most common goal of intercropping is to produce a greater yield on a given piece of land by making use of resources or ecological processes that would otherwise not be utilized by a single crop.
Pakistan Rugby Union
The Pakistan Rugby Union (PRU) is the rugby union governing body in Pakistan. It is in charge of the Pakistan national  team. Also among the Union's chief activities are conferences, organising international matches, and educating and training players and officials.

It was formally established in 2000 and gained membership of the Asian Rugby Football Union in 2000. In 2003, it became a member of International Rugby Board. Currently, it is a full member of World Rugby, Asia Rugby, Pakistan Olympic Association, and is recognized by the Pakistan Sports Board as the governing body of the sport in the country .

Arif Saeed, Rizwan ur Rab Malik and Salman Muzaffar Shaikh are, respectively, the current chairman, president, and secretary-general of the Union, having been elected on 27 February 2025.

Pakistan national rugby union team
The Pakistan national rugby union team represents Pakistan in international rugby union. Pakistan is a member of the International Rugby Board (IRB), and have yet to play in a Rugby World Cup tournament. As of 2021, they will play in Division II of the Asian championships, having been promoted from Division III in 2019.

In the 19 March 2012 IRB World Rankings, Pakistan, along with Mexico and Philippines, were listed, entering with the base rating of 40 points (which positioned the three national teams in 71st place). The national side was ranked 90th in the world, as of 2 June 2025.
Maguindanao's 1st congressional district
Maguindanao's 1st congressional district was one of the two congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Maguindanao. It was represented in the House of Representatives from 1987 to 2022. The district stretched along the Moro Gulf coast of western Maguindanao and includes Cotabato City, an independent port city. Barira, Buldon, Datu Blah T. Sinsuat, Datu Odin Sinsuat, Kabuntalan, Matanog, Northern Kabuntalan, Parang, Sultan Kudarat, Sultan Mastura and Upi are the district's constituent municipalities. From 2006 to 2008, the district was briefly replaced by the lone district of Shariff Kabunsuan, a short-lived province that was carved out of the same area in Maguindanao and which was eventually nullified by the Supreme Court. It was last represented in the 19th Congress by Sittie Shahara Mastura of Lakas-CMD, who was later redistricted to at-large district of the newly established province of Maguindanao del Norte in 2022.

Maguindanao del Norte's at-large congressional district
Maguindanao del Norte's at-large congressional district refers to the lone congressional districts of the Philippines in the province of Maguindanao del Norte and the independent component city of Cotabato. It has been represented in the House of Representatives since the province's creation in 2022. It is currently represented in the 19th Congress by Sittie Shahara "Bai Dimple" Mastura of Lakas-CMD, who has represented the district since its creation.
National Raisin Reserve
The National Raisin Reserve was a raisin reserve of the United States. It was created after World War II by the government in order to control raisin prices. The reserve was run by the Raisin Administrative Committee. It was enforced by means of a "marketing order". In 2015, the United States Supreme Court ruled in Horne v. Department of Agriculture that the confiscation of a portion of a farmer's crops without market price compensation was unconstitutional and ended the reserve.

Raisin
A raisin is a dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. The word raisin is commonly used for the dried dark-colored seedless grape, while sultana is a golden-colored dried grape, and currant is a dried small Black Corinth seedless grape.
Wheel construction
Wheel construction refers to the making of wheels. Construction of wire-spoked wheels is generally termed as wheelbuilding, so wheel construction refers to construction of non-wire wheels, e.g. wheels of cars and other heavier vehicles. Wheels are constructed in a wide variety of designs using different materials, but in the early 21st century, aluminum and steel are most often used, with steel-made wheels being heavier and more durable than aluminum wheels. The performance of a wheel depends on the alloy and technique used to construct it. A wheel is usually made up of a rim, which connects with the tire, and a central disc, also known as the disc or spider, which connects the wheel to the vehicle. Wheels are usually of two types: semi-drop center (SDC), used in trucks, and drop center (DC), used in other vehicles.

Wheel
A wheel is a rotating component (typically circular in shape) intended to turn on an axle bearing. The wheel is one of the key components of the wheel and axle which is one of the six simple machines. Wheels, in conjunction with axles, allow heavy objects to be moved easily facilitating movement or transportation while supporting a load, or performing labor in machines. Wheels are also used for other purposes, such as a ship's wheel, steering wheel, potter's wheel, and flywheel.

Common examples can be found in transport applications. A wheel reduces friction by facilitating motion by rolling together with the use of axles. In order for a wheel to rotate, a moment must be applied to the wheel about its axis, either by gravity or by the application of another external force or torque.
Barbarea vulgaris
Barbarea vulgaris, also called wintercress (usual common name), or alternatively winter rocket, rocketcress, yellow rocketcress,  yellow rocket, wound rocket, herb barbara, creases, or creasy greens, is a biennial herb of the genus Barbarea, belonging to the family Brassicaceae.

Barbarea
Barbarea (winter cress or yellow rocket) is a genus of about 29 species of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae. Most are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with the highest species diversity in southern Europe and southwest Asia. They are small, herbaceous, biennial or perennial plants with dark green, deeply lobed leaves and yellow flowers with four petals.
Jon Reyes
Jon Reyes (born 1971 or 1972) is a Canadian politician and former member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba.

He mostly recently served as Minister of Labour and Immigration from January to October, 2023, and was previously the Minister of Advanced Education, Skills and Immigration, Minister of Economic Development and Jobs. From 2016 to 2021, Reyes also served as Special Envoy for Military Affairs for Manitoba.

A member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba, he was first elected in the 2016 provincial election as MLA for St. Norbert, and was re-elected in 2019 as MLA for Waverley. Running for re-election for Waverely in 2023, Reyes was unseated by NDP candidate David Pankratz.

Reyes is the first Canadian-born person of Filipino descent to serve in the Manitoba legislature.

David Pankratz
David Pankratz is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in the 2023 Manitoba general election. He is The Military Envoy and represents the district of Waverley as a member of the Manitoba New Democratic Party.

Prior to his election, Pankratz was a firefighter, and is a former paramedic. He also played drums in the indie rock band, Quinzy from Winnipeg.
Republic of Massa
The Republic of Massa (Italian: Repubblica di Massa) was a small Italian state located in Central Italy that existed from 1225 to 1336. It was founded in today's city of Massa Marittima and expanded to cover an area corresponding to the current upper Maremma.

It represented a commercial power of regional level, through its thriving mining district, thanks to the copper, alum and silver deposits in which its territory was rich.

Massa Marittima
Massa Marittima (Latin: Massa Veternensis) is a town and comune of the province of Grosseto, southern Tuscany, Italy, 49 km NNW of Grosseto.

There are mineral springs, mines of iron, mercury, lignite and copper, with foundries, ironworks and olive-oil mills. In Follonica, on the coast, there are furnaces where the iron ore of Elba is smelted.
Lozi mythology
The Lozi people believed in a creator god, whom the Lozi call Nyambe. Nyambe's wife was Nasilele (which means "she who is associated with long things") and his mother was Ngula (which means "she who is pregnant"). Nyambe is said to have created both his wife and his mother. He is also said to have created everything else that exists, including the heaven, the Earth and all the plants and animals.

Lozi people
The Lozi people, also known as Balozi, are a Bantu-speaking ethnic group native to Zambia and Zimbabwe. The population of the Lozi people is estimated to be 1,562,000 in all countries combined.

The Lozi comprise several tribes including the Bamakoma, Kwanda, Lukolwe, Bafwe, Batotela, Bayeyi, Mbowe (Mamboe), Bambukushu, Mishulundu, Muenyi (Mwenyi), Mwanga, Ndundulu and Basubia. Intermarriage among the tribes further strengthens their cultural bonds.

The Lozi people are also known by various names such as the Malozi, Nyambe, Makololo, Barotse, Rotse, Rozi, Rutse, Balozi, Balobedu, and Tozvi. They refer to their land as Bulozi or Barotseland.
Robert Pakington
Robert Pakington (c. 1489 – 13 November 1536) was a London merchant and Member of Parliament. He was murdered with a handgun in London in 1536, likely the first such killing in the city. His murder was later interpreted as martyrdom, and recounted in John Foxe's Acts and Monuments. He was the grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I's favourite, Sir John "Lusty" Pakington.

John Pakington (died 1625)
Sir John Pakington (1549 – 18 January 1625) of Aylesbury was a courtier in the reigns of Elizabeth I and James I. He was a favourite of Elizabeth's who nicknamed him "Lusty Pakington" for his physique and sporting abilities. Away from court he held a number of official positions including Sheriff of Worcestershire in 1595 and in 1607.
Druids F.C.
Druids F.C. were a football club based in the village of Ruabon near Wrexham, Wales. The club was founded in October 1872 as Ruabon Rovers F.C. by David Thomson and his brother, George, of Ruabon. In 1874 the club became Plasmadoc F.C. before changing their name to Druids F.C. in 1876.

Druids are notable as becoming the first Welsh club to enter the English FA Cup and Birmingham & District League and winning the Welsh Cup eight times.

Their traditional home was Wynnstay Park on the Wynnstay Estate, and their traditional colours were white shirts, black shorts with either black and cerise or simply black socks.

Wynnstay
Wynnstay is a country house within an important landscaped park 1.3 km (0.75 miles) south-east of Ruabon, near Wrexham, Wales. Wynnstay, previously Watstay, is a famous estate and the family seat of the Williams-Wynn baronets. The house was sold in 1948 and is under private ownership as of 2000.
1st Officer General Markov Regiment
The 1st Officer General Markov Regiment was the first of the military units of the Volunteer Army (later the Armed Forces of the South of Russia and the Russian Army), which received the patronage of one of the founders of the White Movement in southern Russia of the General Staff of Lieutenant General Sergey Markov.

Army of Wrangel
The Russian Army (Russian: Русская армия, romanized: Russkaya armiya), commonly known as the Army of Wrangel (Russian: Армия Врангеля), was a White Army active in South Russia during the Russian Civil War from March to November 1920. It was officially formed on 28 April 1920 from the merger of several White armies, including the Volunteer Army, in a reorganization of the Armed Forces of South Russia. The Army of Wrangel, nicknamed after its commander General Pyotr Wrangel, fought against Bolshevik forces in the Southern Front and the Ukrainian War of Independence. In November 1920, following defeat at the Siege of Perekop and being vastly outnumbered, the Army of Wrangel organized a successful evacuation from Crimea and subsequently dissolved. Veterans of the army were among the founders of the Russian All-Military Union.
Snow Solar Telescope
The Snow Solar Telescope is a solar telescope at the Mount Wilson Observatory in California. It was originally named the Snow Horizontal Telescope as it uses a coelostat to deflect light from the Sun into a fixed horizontal shed where it can be studied. The telescope was funded by a donation from Helen E. Snow of Chicago in 1903. It was assembled at Yerkes Observatory then transferred to Mt. Wilson in 1905.

This telescope is notable for the discovery that sunspots have a lower temperature than the photosphere, and for finding evidence they are associated with a magnetic field.

Solar telescope
A solar telescope or a solar observatory is a special-purpose telescope used to observe the Sun. Solar telescopes usually detect light with wavelengths in, or not far outside, the visible spectrum. Obsolete names for Sun telescopes include heliograph and photoheliograph.
Children of the Corn: Runaway
Children of the Corn: Runaway is a 2018 American supernatural horror film directed by John Gulager. It is the tenth installment of the Children of the Corn film series. The film stars Marci Miller, Jack Ryan Scott, and Diane Ayala Goldner.

The film was released directly to DVD and digital platforms on March 13, 2018, by Lionsgate.

Children of the Corn (film series)
Children of the Corn is an American film series based on the Stephen King's short story "Children of the Corn" (1977). The series began with Children of the Corn, released in 1984 by New World Pictures. After the release of Children of the Corn II: The Final Sacrifice (1992) and the series' acquisition by Dimension Films, the subsequent installments were released directly to video, and bore little to no narrative continuity, beginning with Children of the Corn III: Urban Harvest (1995). In 2009, a second adaptation of the short story aired on the Syfy network, via Fox 21 Television. A third adaptation of the short story and a reboot also titled Children of the Corn (2020), was released on October 23, 2020.
Badri (2000 film)
Badri  is a 2000 Indian Telugu-language romantic action film written and directed by Puri Jagannadh in his directorial debut. The film stars Pawan Kalyan, Amisha Patel, Renu Desai and Prakash Raj. This film marks the South Indian debut of Amisha Patel. The film's music was composed by Ramana Gogula, which marks his second collaboration with Pawan Kalyan after Thammudu (1999).

The film became a super hit at the box office and made Pawan Kalyan a star. The film's dialogues and songs were huge hits with the youth. The dialogue “Nuvvu Nanda aithe nenu Badri Badrinath” and songs like “Ye Chikitha” and “Bangala Kathamlo” continued to be popular even after two decades. Puri Jagannadh later remade it in Hindi as Shart: The Challenge (2004).

Thammudu
Thammudu (transl. Younger Brother) is a 1999 Indian Telugu-language sports action film written and directed by P. A. Arun Prasad.  The films stars Pawan Kalyan, Preeti Jhangiani, and Aditi Govitrikar. Bhupinder Singh, Achyuth, Brahmanandam, Ali, and Kitty play supporting roles. Thammudu was produced by Burugupalli Sivaramakrishna under the Sri Venkateswara Art Films banner. The music is composed by Ramana Gogula with cinematography by Madhu Ambat and editing by Marthand K. Venkatesh. Thammudu was inspired by the 1979 American film Breaking Away.

The film released on 15 July 1999 and went on to become a blockbuster with the film's soundtrack by Ramana Gogula becoming a trendsetter. The film was remade in Tamil as Badri (2001), in Kannada as Yuvaraja (2001) and in Bengali as Champion (2003).
Marathi Brahmin
Marathi Brahmins (also known as Maharashtrian Brahmins) are communities native to the Indian state of Maharashtra. They are classified into mainly three sub-divisions based on their places of origin, "Desh", "Karad" and "Konkan". The Brahmin subcastes that come under Maharashtra Brahmins include Deshastha, Chitpavan (Kokanastha),  Karhade, and Devrukhe.

Karhade Brahmin
Karhaḍe Brahmins (also spelled as Karada Brahmins or Karad Brahmins) are a Hindu Brahmin sub-caste mainly from the Indian state of Maharashtra, but are also distributed in the states of Goa, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh.
TI-82
The TI-82 is a graphing calculator made by Texas Instruments. The TI-82 was designed in 1993 as an upgraded version of and replacement for the TI-81. It was the direct predecessor of the TI-83. It shares with the TI-85 a 6 MHz Zilog Z80 microprocessor. Like the TI-81, the TI-82 features a 96×64 pixel display, and the core feature set of the TI-81 with many new features.

TI-81
The TI-81 was the first graphing calculator made by Texas Instruments. It was designed in 1990 for use in algebra and pre-calculus courses. Since its release, it has been superseded by a series of newer calculators; most of these are functionally similar to the TI-81, with the exception of the TI-Nspire series.
L'Avenir (Belgian newspaper)
L'Avenir (French pronunciation: [lavniʁ] ⓘ, lit. 'The Future'), formerly Vers l'Avenir (French pronunciation: [vɛʁ -], lit. 'Towards the Future'), is a Belgian newspaper franchise based in Namur. It is one of the largest media groups in Belgium. The group publishes nine regional newspapers in French, grouped since June 2010 under the brand name L'Avenir.

Namur
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Wallonia, Belgium. It is the capital both of the province of Namur and of Wallonia, hosting the Parliament of Wallonia, the Government of Wallonia and its administration.

Namur stands at the confluence of the rivers Sambre and Meuse and straddles three different regions – Hesbaye to the north, Condroz to the south-east, and Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse to the south-west. The city of Charleroi is located to the west. The language spoken is French.

The municipality consists of the following sub-municipalities: Beez, Belgrade, Boninne, Bouge, Champion, Cognelée, Daussoulx, Dave, Erpent, Flawinne, Gelbressée, Jambes, Lives-sur-Meuse, Loyers, Malonne, Marche-les-Dames, Namur proper, Naninne, Saint-Servais, Saint-Marc, Suarlée, Temploux, Vedrin, Wépion, and Wierde.
Tia Doca
Jilçaria Cruz Costa, known as Tia Doca da Portela or Tia Doca (20 December 1932 – 25 January 2009) was a Brazilian samba composer and singer. She began working as a flagbearer for the samba school Unidos da Congonha and joined the Velha Guarda da Portela in 1970, performing samba music and sang in various events the school promoted in countries such as France, Italy and the United States. Doca recorded music on several albums from 1970 to 2007 with such artists as Beth Carvalho and Zeca Pagodinho.

Zeca Pagodinho
Jessé Gomes da Silva Filho, known professionally as Zeca Pagodinho (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈzɛkɐ paɡɔˈdʒĩɲu], born February 4, 1959), is a Brazilian singer-songwriter working in the genres of samba and pagode.
Ghost Reveries
Ghost Reveries is the eighth studio album by Swedish progressive metal band Opeth. It was released on 29 August 2005. It was their first album after signing with Roadrunner Records, and first album since Still Life (1999) to not be produced by Steven Wilson.

Ghost Reveries is the first album by Opeth to include keyboardist Per Wiberg as a "permanent" member (although Wiberg contributed keyboard work to Opeth's live performances starting around the time of Lamentations), and it is the last Opeth album to include drummer Martin Lopez and long-time guitarist Peter Lindgren.

The album's only single is "The Grand Conjuration". A music video of the song was released, although about half of the song was edited from the video, due to the length of the song. Lopez does not appear in the video, as he was sick and was temporarily replaced by Gene Hoglan.

Still Life (Opeth album)
Still Life is the fourth studio album by Swedish progressive metal band Opeth. It was produced and engineered by Opeth alongside Fredrik Nordström, and released on 18 October 1999 through Peaceville Records. It was the only Opeth album to be released through Peaceville, following the band's departure from Candlelight and Century Black after the release of My Arms, Your Hearse, and the first album to feature Martin Mendez.
Ben Hueso
Benjamin Hueso (born September 2, 1969) is an American businessman and politician who served as a member of the California State Senate from 2013 to 2022, representing the 40th Senate District. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served in the California State Assembly and on the San Diego City Council.

Hueso served as Chair of the California Latino Legislative Caucus. He previously served as vice-chair from 2015 to 2016.

Hueso was elected to the State Senate in a 2013 special election to replace then-Senator Juan Vargas, who was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in November 2012. Before being elected to the State Senate, he served in the California State Assembly, representing the 80th Assembly district from 2012 to 2013 and the 79th Assembly District from 2010 to 2012. Prior to that, he served on the San Diego City Council, including two years as Council President.

Juan Vargas
Juan Carlos Vargas (born March 7, 1961) is an American businessman and politician who has been a U.S. representative for California since 2013. His district includes the southernmost portions of San Diego County.

Vargas previously served as a Democratic member in the California State Senate representing the 40th district, the California State Assembly representing the 79th district, and the San Diego City Council.
Lumkuia
Lumkuia is an extinct genus of cynodont, fossils of which have been found in the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone of the Beaufort Group in the South African Karoo Basin that date back to the early Middle Triassic. It contains a single species, Lumkuia fuzzi, which was named in 2001 on the basis of the holotype specimen BP/1/2669, which can now be found at the Bernard Price Institute in Johannesburg, South Africa. The genus has been placed in its own family, Lumkuiidae. Lumkuia is not as common as other cynodonts from the same locality such as Diademodon and Trirachodon.

Trirachodon
Trirachodon (Greek: "three ridge tooth") is an extinct genus of cynodonts. Fossils have been found in the Cynognathus Assemblage Zone of the Beaufort Group in South Africa and the Omingonde Formation of Namibia, dating back to the Early and Middle Triassic.