hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Football in Sofia
Football is the most popular sport in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. Sofia was the first city in the country to have an organized football championship, which was created in 1921. Teams from Sofia have been crowned national champions on 70 occasions in the 90 seasons between 1924 and 2013. As of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, there are four teams from Sofia which have been constant participants in the top national division – Levski, CSKA, Slavia and Lokomotiv. All four have managed to reach the latter stages of European competitions on several occasions, the best of which are CSKA's two European Cup semi-finals in 1967 and 1982, and Slavia's Cup Winners' Cup semi-final in 1967.

1966–67 European Cup Winners' Cup
The 1966–67 season of the European Cup Winners' Cup club football competition was won by Bayern Munich with a 1–0 final victory over Rangers, who had eliminated holders Borussia Dortmund. It was the fourth time in six years that the final required at least extra time to decide the winners.
Landing at Suvla Bay
The landing at Suvla Bay was an amphibious landing made at Suvla on the Aegean coast of the Gallipoli peninsula in the Ottoman Empire as part of the August Offensive, the final British attempt to break the deadlock of the Battle of Gallipoli. The landing, which commenced on the night of 6 August 1915, was intended to support a breakout from the ANZAC sector, five miles (8 km) to the south.

Although initially successful, against only light opposition, the landing at Suvla was mismanaged from the outset and quickly reached the same stalemate conditions that prevailed on the Anzac and Helles fronts. On 15 August, after a week of indecision and inactivity, the British commander at Suvla, Lieutenant-General Sir Frederick Stopford, was dismissed. His performance in command is often considered one of the most incompetent feats of generalship of the First World War.

Battle of Scimitar Hill
The Battle of Scimitar Hill (Turkish: Yusufçuk Tepe Muharebesi, lit. 'Battle of the Dragonfly Hill') was the last offensive mounted by the British at Suvla during the Battle of Gallipoli in World War I. It was also the largest single-day attack ever mounted by the Allies at Gallipoli, involving three divisions. The purpose of the attack was to remove the immediate Ottoman threat from the exposed Suvla landing and to link with the ANZAC sectors to the south. Launched on 21 August 1915 to coincide with the simultaneous attack on Hill 60, it was a costly failure, in which the Turks were forced to use all their reserves in "severe and bloody fighting" far into the night, with some Turkish trenches lost and retaken twice.
Gunnhildur Gunnarsdóttir
Gunnhildur Gunnarsdóttir (born 7 August 1990) is an Icelandic basketball player and a former member of the Icelandic national basketball team. During her career, she won the Icelandic championship and the Icelandic Cup twice each. In 2016, she was named the Icelandic Women's Basketball Player of the Year.

Icelandic Women's Basketball Cup
The Icelandic Women's Basketball Cup (Icelandic: Bikarkeppni KKÍ) is an annual basketball competition between clubs in Iceland. It is Iceland's first-tier cup competition, and is not to be confused with Iceland's former second-tier cup competition, the Company Cup.
Brad Taylor (Canadian football)
Brad Taylor (born November 2, 1962) is an American former professional football quarterback who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) with the Edmonton Eskimos and Ottawa Rough Riders. He played high school football at Danville High School in Danville, Arkansas, and led the team to a state-title winning undefeated 14–0 season his senior year. He then played college football for the Arkansas Razorbacks from 1981 to 1984 as a quarterback, punter, and placekicker. He set school career records in total offense and passing yards. Taylor played in the CFL from 1985 to 1987, mostly in a backup role. He was inducted into the Arkansas Sports Hall of Fame in 2022.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
Euophrys marusiki
Euophrys marusiki is a species of jumping spider in the genus Euophrys that is endemic to Portugal. It lives in Algarve in proximity to areas where humans live, including gardens near plantations. The spider shows sexual dimorphism, the female being larger than the male, typically 4 mm (0.16 in) in length in comparison to 2.35 mm (0.09 in). The female is also generally darker, nearly black, while the male is brown. The spider's legs also differ, the female having universally grey legs while the male's range from dark brown to yellowish. It is related to Euophrys nigripalpis but differs in its clypeus, which has white hairs in contrast to the other species' red-orange hairs. It also has distinctive copulatory organs, particularly the existence of a outgrowth on the tibia of the male's right pedipalp tibia and the presence of a large 'window' in the female's epigyne.

Euophrys
Euophrys is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1834. The small black E. omnisuperstes lives on Mount Everest at elevations up to 6,700 meters, possibly making it the most elevated animal in the world. It lives on insects that have been blown upwards.
India men's national basketball team
The India men's national basketball team represents India in international basketball. It is governed by the Basketball Federation of India.

A 1936 founding member of FIBA Asia, India has one of Asia's longest basketball traditions. Throughout its history, Team India qualified for the FIBA Asia Championship 26 times and is placed in the top five in appearances in this tournament. Further, India's basketball team won four gold medals and one silver medal at the South Asian Games and is the most successful team in the South Asian region. India have also won the SABA Championship six times. Team India celebrated its victory at the 2014 Lusofonia Games after they finished the tournament with a 4–0 record as they beat 11–time African Champions Angola in the final.

Its most famous moment came at the 2014 FIBA Asia Cup with the win against home favorites and most successful Asian team China by seven points. This win has been labelled as the biggest basketball win in the nation's history.

Basketball at the 2014 Lusofonia Games – Men's tournament
The Men's Basketball Tournament at the 2014 Lusophony Games was the 3rd Lusophony Games basketball tournament, played under the rules of FIBA, the world governing body for basketball. The tournament was hosted by India from 23 to 27 January 2014.

India ended the round-robin tournament with a 4–0 unbeaten record to win their first title.
Ken Tewkesbury
Kenneth Cyril Tewkesbury (10 April 1909 – 20 November 1970) was an English professional footballer who made 102 appearances in the Football League playing as a goalkeeper for Birmingham, Notts County, Aston Villa, Bradford Park Avenue and Walsall. Before turning professional he won six caps for the England national amateur football team.

England national amateur football team
The England national amateur football team was the amateur representative team for England at football. It was formed in 1901,: 5–6  due to the growth of the professional game which meant that amateur players could no longer easily find places in the main England national team.

It was the most successful team in the British Amateur Championship, winning on 16 occasions (5 joint). The England amateur team was disbanded by The Football Association in 1974.
Degawa Tetsurō (art historian)
Tetsurō Degawa (Japanese: 出川 哲朗, born 31 October 1951) is a Japanese curator and art historian specializing in Chinese and East Asian ceramics. From 2008 until 2022, he served as the director of the Museum of Oriental Ceramics, Osaka, having previously been a curator at the Ōtani Memorial Art Museum in Nishinomiya.

Museum of Oriental Ceramics, Osaka
The Museum of Oriental Ceramics, Osaka (大阪市立東洋陶磁美術館) is a Japanese art museum and regarded as one of the best ceramic-collections in the world. This museum collects, studies, conserves, exhibits and interprets East Asian ceramics, which mainly came from ancient China and Korea.  The world-famous Ataka Collection, donated by the 21 companies of the Sumitomo Group, as well as the Rhee Byung-Chang Collection, provide the public an aesthetic experience with first-class collection.
Barclay Theatre
The Irvine Barclay Theatre, often referred to as The Barclay, is a 755-seat performing arts venue in Irvine, California, located on the campus of the University of California, Irvine. Jointly owned by the city and university, it opened in 1990 and has hosted various musicians, bands, plays, and guest speakers. San Francisco-based architecture firm Wurster, Bernardi and Emmons designed the theater.

Irvine, California
Irvine (/ˈɜːrvaɪn/, UR-vine) is a planned city in central Orange County, California, United States, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It was named in 1888 for the landowner James Irvine. The Irvine Company started developing the area in the 1960s and the city was formally incorporated on December 28, 1971. The 66-square-mile (170 km2) city had a population of 318,629 as of June 2025. As of 2025, it is the second most populous city in Orange County, fifth most in the Greater Los Angeles region, and 62nd most in the United States.

Several major corporations in the technology and semiconductor sectors maintain their headquarters in Irvine. Irvine is also home to several higher-education institutions including the University of California, Irvine (UCI), Concordia University, Irvine Valley College, and campuses of University of La Verne and Pepperdine University.
Tswanaland
Tswanaland was a Bantustan and then later a non-geographic ethnic-based second-tier authority, the Representative Authority of the Tswanas, in South West Africa (present-day Namibia), in the far central eastern area of the territory around the village of Aminuis. It was intended by the apartheid government to be a self-governing homeland for the Tswana people.

Tswana people
The Batswana (Tswana: Batswana, singular Motswana) are a Bantu ethnic group native to Southern Africa. Ethnic Tswana made up approximately 85% of the population of Botswana in 2011.

Batswana inhabit south and eastern Botswana and the Gauteng, North West, Northern Cape, Free State, and other provinces of South Africa.
Ashok Chandra Panda
Ashok Chandra Panda is an Indian politician from Odisha. He was a three time elected Member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly from 2009, 2014, and 2019, representing Ekamra-Bhubaneswar Assembly constituency as a Member of the Biju Janata Dal.

Odisha Legislative Assembly
The Odisha Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of the state of Odisha in India. The seat of the Legislative Assembly is at Bhubaneswar, the capital city. The Legislative Assembly comprises 147 Members of Legislative Assembly. Out of total 147 Assembly Constituencies of Odisha Legislative Assembly, 33 seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes (ST) and 24 seats for the Scheduled Castes (SC).
Federação Brasileira pelo Progresso Feminino
The Brazilian Federation for Women's Progress (Portuguese: Federação Brasileira pelo Progresso Feminino, FBPF) was a Brazilian women's rights organization founded on 9 August 1922 in Rio de Janeiro, mainly on the initiative of the Brazilian feminist leader Bertha Lutz. The FBPF is the heir of the League for Women's Intellectual Emancipation, founded in 1919 and dissolved in 1922 after Lutz's participation in the Pan-American Women's Conference, which established the Brazilian League for Women's Progress as an affiliate of the Pan-American Women's Association. In 1924, the organisation was renamed the Brazilian Federation for Women's Progress. During its most active years, the movement led a number of campaigns which saw the creation of the Women's University Union, the admission of girls to Colégio Pedro II, the extension of women's suffrage and the implementation of laws to protect women and children.

Colégio Pedro II
Colégio Pedro II (Pedro II School) is a federal public school located in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Named after Pedro II of Brazil, it was established on 2 December 1837, and made official by Imperial decree on 20 December of the same year. It was named after the Emperor, since it was established on his birthday.  Its first campus, downtown Rio de Janeiro, functions to this day.
Elizabeth Bishop
Elizabeth Bishop (February 8, 1911 – October 6, 1979) was an American poet and short-story writer. She was Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress from 1949 to 1950, the Pulitzer Prize winner for Poetry in 1956, the National Book Award winner in 1970, and the recipient of the Neustadt International Prize for Literature in 1976. Dwight Garner argued in 2018 that she was perhaps "the most purely gifted poet of the 20th century". She was also a painter, and her poetry is noted for its careful attention to detail; Ernest Hilbert wrote “Bishop’s poetics is one distinguished by tranquil observation, craft-like accuracy, care for the small things of the world, a miniaturist’s discretion and attention."

Neustadt International Prize for Literature
The Neustadt International Prize for Literature is a biennial award for literature sponsored by the University of Oklahoma and its international literary publication, World Literature Today.

It is considered one of the more prestigious international literary prizes, often compared with the Nobel Prize in Literature. The New York Times called the prize “The Oklahoma Nobel” in 1982, and the prize is sometimes referred to as the “American Nobel”. Since it was founded in 1970, some 30 of its laureates, candidates, or jurors have also been awarded Nobel Prizes.  Like the Nobel, it is awarded to individuals for their entire body of work, not for a single one.
Saint Peter of Alcantara Parish Church (Pakil)
Saint Peter of Alcantara Parish Church, designated as the Diocesan Shrine of Nuestra Señora de los Dolores de Turumba, is a Roman Catholic church in Pakil, Laguna, Philippines. It is under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of San Pablo and enshrines the Our Lady of Turumba painting.

Diocese of San Pablo
The Diocese of San Pablo (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Pauli in Insulis Philippinis, Filipino: Diyosesis ng San Pablo, Spanish: Diócesis de San Pablo) is a Roman Catholic diocese which is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Manila. Its patron saint or titular is Paul the First Hermit, the only one in the world dedicated to him.
Steven Richards
Steven James Richards (born 11 July 1972) is a New Zealand-Australian racing driver, currently competing in the Porsche Carrera Cup Australia Championship.

Richards, the son of seven-time Bathurst 1000 winner Jim Richards, is himself a five-time Bathurst 1000 winner, having won the event in 1998, 1999, 2013, 2015 and 2018. Colloquially known as 'Richo', he also won the Bathurst 24 Hour in 2002.

1998 FAI 1000
The 1998 FAI 1000 Classic was the second running of the Australia 1000 race, first held after the organisational split over the Bathurst 1000 the previous year. It was the 41st race that traces its lineage back to the 1960 Armstrong 500 held at Phillip Island. 1998 was the 36th year in which a touring car endurance race had been held at the Mount Panorama Circuit.

The event, which was contested by V8 Supercars, was held on 15 November 1998 at the Mount Panorama Circuit just outside Bathurst.

The event's naming rights sponsor was FAI Insurance.
RMS Knight of Malta
RMS (or SS) Knight of Malta was a cargo liner built by Swan, Hunter & Wigham Richardson Ltd in 1929. She was owned and operated by Cassar Co. Ltd. in Malta. During World War II, she was requisitioned by the Admiralty as an armed boarding vessel and stores carrier. She ran aground off Libya on the night of 2–3 March 1941, with no casualties.

Swan Hunter
Swan Hunter, formerly known as Swan, Hunter & Wigham Richardson and originally known as C. S. Swan & Hunter, is a shipbuilding design, engineering, and management company, based in Wallsend, Tyne and Wear, England.

At its apex, the company represented the combined forces of three powerful shipbuilding families: Swan, Hunter and Wigham Richardson.

The company was responsible for some of the greatest ships of the early 20th century, most famously RMS Mauretania which held the Blue Riband for the fastest crossing of the Atlantic, and RMS Carpathia which rescued survivors from RMS Titanic.

In 2006 Swan Hunter ceased vessel construction on Tyneside, but continues to provide design engineering services.
Chris Hani
Chris Hani (28 June 1942 – 10 April 1993; born Martin Thembisile Hani SSA, SBS, CLS, DMG, MMS) was a South African military commander, politician and revolutionary who served as the leader of the South African Communist Party (SACP) and chief of staff of uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK), the former armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC). He was a fierce opponent of the apartheid government, and was assassinated by Janusz Waluś, a Polish immigrant and sympathiser of the Conservative opposition on 10 April 1993, during the unrest preceding the transition to democracy.

Decoration for Merit in Gold
The Decoration for Merit in Gold, post-nominal letters DMG, was instituted by the President of the Republic of South Africa in April 1996. It was awarded to veteran cadres of uMkhonto we Sizwe, the military wing of the African National Congress, who had distinguished themselves during the "struggle" by outstanding service and utmost devotion to duty.
Master theorem (analysis of algorithms)
In the analysis of algorithms, the master theorem for divide-and-conquer recurrences provides an asymptotic analysis for many recurrence relations that occur in the analysis of divide-and-conquer algorithms. The approach was first presented by Jon Bentley, Dorothea Blostein (née Haken), and James B. Saxe in 1980, where it was described as a "unifying method" for solving such recurrences. The name "master theorem" was popularized by the widely used algorithms textbook Introduction to Algorithms by Cormen, Leiserson, Rivest, and Stein.

Not all recurrence relations can be solved by this theorem; its generalizations include the Akra–Bazzi method.

Ron Rivest
Ronald Linn Rivest (/rɪˈvɛst/;
born May 6, 1947) is an American cryptographer and computer scientist whose work has spanned the fields of algorithms and combinatorics, cryptography, machine learning, and election integrity.
He is an Institute Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),
and a member of MIT's Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and its Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.

Along with Adi Shamir and Len Adleman, Rivest is one of the inventors of the RSA algorithm, for which they won the 2002 ACM Turing Award.
He is also the inventor of the symmetric key encryption algorithms RC2, RC4, and RC5, and co-inventor of RC6. (RC stands for "Rivest Cipher".) He also devised the MD2, MD4, MD5 and MD6 cryptographic hash functions.
Khingila I
Khingila I (Bactrian:  χιγγιλο Khingilo, Brahmi script: 𑀔𑀺𑀗𑁆𑀕𑀺𑀮 Khi-ṇgi-la, Middle Chinese: 金吉剌 Kim kjit lat, Persian: شنگل Shengel; c.430-490) was the founding king of the Hunnic Alkhan dynasty (Bactrian: αλχανο, Middle Chinese: 嚈噠, Iep dat). He was a contemporary of Khushnavaz (fl. 484).

Bactrian language
Bactrian (Bactrian: Αριαο, romanized: ariao [arjaː], meaning "Iranian") was an Eastern Iranian language formerly spoken in the Central Asian region of Bactria (present-day Afghanistan) and used as the official language of the Kushan and the Hephthalite empires.
Gwenllian Pyrs
Gwenllian Pyrs (born 28 November 1997) is a Welsh rugby union player who plays loosehead prop for the Wales women's national rugby union team and Sale Sharks Women of Premier 15s. She made her debut for the Wales rugby union team in 2017 and has played in 15 matches for the national side. Pyrs has played for Scarlets, RGC Women, Caernarfon RFC and Firwood Waterloo at the club level. She works as a farmer, sheepdog breeder and trainer as well as a rugby hub officer for the Welsh Rugby Union while continuing her rugby career.

Wales women's national rugby union team
The Wales women's national rugby union team first played in 1987. Wales plays in the Women's Rugby World Cup and the Women's Six Nations Championship. Their current head coach, as of January 2025, is Sean Lynn.
Morocco women's national futsal team
The Morocco women's national futsal team (Arabic: المنتخب الوطني المغربي النسوي لكرة القدم داخل القاعة) represents Morocco in international women's futsal, and is governed by the Royal Moroccan Football Federation (FRMF).

Royal Moroccan Football Federation
The Royal Moroccan Football Federation (abbr. FRMF; Arabic: الجامعة الملكية المغربية لكرة القدم; French: Fédération Royale Marocaine de Football) is the governing body for association football in Morocco. Founded in 1957, one year after Morocco regained independence, it joined FIFA in 1960 and became a member of CAF the same year. The federation administers the national football league system and oversees its top division, the Botola Pro. It is also responsible for the Morocco national football teams across all age categories and disciplines. The FRMF is headquartered in Rabat and is a member of the UAFA and the UNAF.
Helvii
The Helvii (also Elui, ancient Greek Ἑλουοί) were a relatively small Celtic polity west of the Rhône river on the northern border of Gallia Narbonensis. Their territory was roughly equivalent to the Vivarais, in the modern French department of Ardèche. Alba Helviorum was their capital, possibly the Alba Augusta mentioned by Ptolemy, and usually identified with modern-day Alba-la-Romaine (earlier Aps). In the 5th century the capital seems to have been moved to Viviers.

From the mid-2nd to mid-1st century BC, Helvian territory was on the northern border of the Roman province of Gallia Transalpina (later the Narbonensis). As a border people, the Helvii played a crucial if limited role in the Gallic Wars under the leadership of Gaius Valerius Caburus, who had held Roman citizenship since 83 BC, and his sons Troucillus and Domnotaurus. Julius Caesar calls the Helvii a civitas, a polity with at least small-scale urban centers (oppida), and not a pagus ("sub-tribe").

Rhône
The Rhône (/roʊn/ ROHN, French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròse; Arpitan: Rôno) is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion). At Arles, near its mouth, the river divides into the Great Rhône (French: le Grand Rhône; Occitan: Grand Ròse) and the Little Rhône (le Petit Rhône; Pichon Ròse). The resulting delta forms the Camargue region.

The river's source is the Rhône Glacier, at the eastern edge of the Swiss canton of Valais. The glacier is part of the Saint-Gotthard Massif, which gives rise to three other major rivers: the Reuss, Rhine and Ticino.

The Rhône is, with the Po and the Nile, one of the three Mediterranean rivers with the largest water discharge.