hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pouteria campechiana
Pouteria campechiana (commonly known as the cupcake fruit, eggfruit, zapote amarillo, yellow sapote or canistel) is an evergreen tree native to, and cultivated in, southern Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and El Salvador. It is cultivated in other countries, such as India, Costa Rica, Brazil, the United States, the Dominican Republic, Australia, Cambodia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Nigeria, Cameroon and the Philippines. The edible part of the tree is its fruit, which is colloquially known as an egg fruit.

The canistel grows up to 10 m (33 ft) high, and produces orange-yellow fruit up to 7 cm (3 in) long, which are edible raw. Canistel flesh is sweet, with a texture often compared to that of a hard-boiled egg yolk, hence its colloquial name "eggfruit". It is closely related to the lúcuma, mamey sapote, and abiu.

Lucuma bifera
Lucuma bifera (synonym Pouteria lucuma) is a species of tree in the family Sapotaceae, cultivated for its fruit, the lúcuma. It is native to the Andean valleys of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and northern Chile.
Andermatt
Andermatt (Romansh: Urseraⓘ) is a mountain village and municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. At an elevation of 1,437 meters (4,715 ft) above sea level, Andermatt is located at the center of the Saint-Gotthard Massif and the historical center cross of north-south and east-west traverses of Switzerland. It is some 28 km (17 mi) south of Altdorf, the capital of Uri.

Altdorf, Uri
Altdorf (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈaltˌdɔrf] ⓘ) is a municipality in Switzerland. It is the capital of the Swiss canton of Uri and retains historic town privileges. It is the place where, according to the legend, William Tell shot the apple from his son's head.

Altdorf is situated on the right (eastern) bank of the Reuss, about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of where the river discharges into the Urnersee, an arm of Lake Lucerne. It is at the junction of two major Alpine passes—Saint Gotthard to the south and the Klausen Pass to the east—and is the last station on the Gotthard railway before the line enters the Gotthard Base Tunnel, the world's longest railway tunnel.

The official language of Altdorf is Swiss Standard German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic dialect.
Valeska Saab
Valeska Alexandra Saab Gómez (born 7 May 1984) is an Ecuadorian charity worker, model, and beauty pageant titleholder.

The 2005 Miss Maja Mundial title holder and, with Kayi Cheung from Hong Kong, the 2007 Beauty with a Purpose Challenge winner during the Miss World 2007 contest. In Ecuador, she is noted for her work with children suffering from ichthyosis.

Ichthyosis
Ichthyosis is a family of genetic skin disorders characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. The more than 20 types of ichthyosis range in severity of symptoms, outward appearance, underlying genetic cause and mode of inheritance (e.g., dominant, recessive, autosomal or X-linked). Ichthyosis comes from Greek  ἰχθύς (ichthys) 'fish', since dry, scaly skin is the defining feature of all forms of ichthyosis.

The severity of symptoms can vary enormously, from the mildest, most common, types such as ichthyosis vulgaris, which may be mistaken for normal dry skin, up to life-threatening conditions such as harlequin-type ichthyosis.  Ichthyosis vulgaris accounts for more than 95% of cases.
Widening (computer science)
In computer science, especially model checking and abstract interpretation, widening refers to at least two different techniques in the analysis of abstract transition systems where infinite progressions of abstract states are replaced by a (computed or guessed) least fixed point. The use of the term in model checking is closely related to acceleration techniques, some authors reserving acceleration for exact computations.

Model checking
In computer science, model checking or property checking is a method for checking whether a finite-state model of a system meets a given specification (also known as correctness). This is typically associated with hardware or software systems, where the specification contains liveness requirements (such as avoidance of livelock) as well as safety requirements (such as avoidance of states representing a system crash).

In order to solve such a problem algorithmically, both the model of the system and its specification are formulated in some precise mathematical language. To this end, the problem is formulated as a task in logic, namely to check whether a structure satisfies a given logical formula. This general concept applies to many kinds of logic and many kinds of structures. A simple model-checking problem consists of verifying whether a formula in the propositional logic is satisfied by a given structure.
Emil Kumor
Emil Kumor, code name "Krzyś" (14 January 1899 in Schodnica – 28 December 1957) was a Lieutenant-Colonel of the Polish Army, soldier of the September Campaign and the Warsaw Uprising, officer of the Main Command of the SZP and Main Command of the ZWZ and Home Army. In 1942, Kumor initiated and organized "Operation Góral", a successful heist during which a German money transport worth 105 million Polish zlotys was captured.

Service for Poland's Victory
Service for Poland's Victory (Polish: Służba Zwycięstwu Polski; SZP), also translated as the Polish Victory Service, was the first Polish resistance movement in World War II. It was created by the order of general Juliusz Rómmel on 27 September 1939, when the siege of Warsaw, capital of Poland, where Rómmel commanded Polish defence, was nearing its end (Warsaw would capitulate on 28 September).

The commander of SZP was General Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski. This secret organisation was tasked with the continuing of armed struggle to liberate Poland in the pre-war borders of the Second Polish Republic, recreation and reorganization of the Polish army and establishment of the secret government (Polish Underground State).

In November 1939 SZP was renamed Union of Armed Struggle (ZWZ).
Paroxytone
In linguistics, a paroxytone (Ancient Greek: παροξύτονος, paroxýtonos) is a word with either stress (in stress-based languages) or a high accent (in languages with a pitch accent) on the penultimate syllable (that is, the second-to-last syllable).: 121  An example of this in English is the word potato. It contrasts with proparoxytone (on the antepenultimate — third-to-last — syllable), and oxytone (on the ultimate — last — syllable).

In English, most words ending in -ic are paroxytones: músic, frántic, and phonétic but not rhétoric, aríthmetic (noun), and Árabic.

In Italian and Portuguese as well as Spanish, most words are paroxytones. In Polish, almost all multisyllabic words are paroxytones except for certain verb conjugations and a few words of foreign origin.

In medieval Latin lyric poetry, a paroxytonic line or half-line is one in which the penultimate syllable is stressed, as in the second half of the verse "Estuans intrinsecus || ira vehementi."

Ultima (linguistics)
In linguistics, the ultima is the last syllable of a word, the penult is the next-to-last syllable, and the antepenult is third-from-last syllable. In a word of three syllables, the names of the syllables are antepenult-penult-ultima.
Phenice method
The Phenice method is a technique of determining the sex of a human skeleton from the innominate pelvis. In the procedure, sex is determined based on three features: the ventral arc, the subpubic concavity, and the medial aspect of the ischiopubic ramus. As a non-metric absolute method, it relies on the recognition of discrete male and female traits. This makes the method objective, easily performable, and relatively quick (although this has been challenged by those seeking to improve the method). It is considered highly accurate, up to 96%, owing to the distinct biological differences between male and female anatomy in the pelvis, making it a highly useful method for those determining the sex of a skeleton.

Male
Male (symbol: ♂) is the sex of an organism that produces, or is organized to produce, the gamete (sex cell) known as sperm, which fuses with the larger female gamete, or ovum, in the process of fertilisation. A male organism cannot reproduce sexually without access to at least one ovum from a female, but some organisms can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Most male mammals, including male humans, have a Y chromosome, which codes for the production of larger amounts of testosterone to develop male reproductive organs.

In humans, the word male can also be used to refer to gender, in the social sense of gender role or gender identity.
Carnival Museum
34°54′19.5696″S 56°12′44.139″W﻿ / ﻿34.905436000°S 56.21226083°W﻿ / -34.905436000; -56.21226083

The Carnival Museum is located at 25 De Mayo Street in the "Ciudad Vieja" (Old City) in Montevideo, Uruguay. It was built in November 2006.

The museum has galleries on Candombe, Carnival, Uruguayan Carnival and Murga.

Murga
Murga is a form of popular musical theatre performed in Argentina, Panama, Spain and Uruguay during the Carnival season. Murga groups also operate in the Buenos Aires Carnival, though to a lesser extent than in Montevideo; the Argentinian murga is more centred on dancing and less on vocals than the Uruguayan one. Uruguayan murga has a counterpart in Cádiz, Spain, from which it is derived, the chirigota, but over time the two have diverged into distinct forms.
Triumph Speed Triple
The Triumph Speed Triple is a series of motorcycles produced by Triumph Motorcycles. The 1994 Hinckley Triumph was one of the first motorcycles produced in the streetfighter style (a modern sport bike or race replica motorcycle without an aerodynamic plastic fairing). The style originated with bikers who, having crashed their race replicas, put the bikes back on the road without fairing, and has since become popularised.

Sport bike
A sport bike, sports motorcycle, or sports bike is a motorcycle designed and optimized for speed, acceleration, braking, and cornering on asphalt concrete race tracks and roads. They are mainly designed for performance at the expense of comfort, fuel economy, safety, noise reduction and storage in comparison with other motorcycles.

Sport bikes can be and are typically equipped with fairings and a windscreen to deflect wind from the rider to improve aerodynamics.
StarHub TV
StarHub TV  is a pay television service provided by StarHub in Singapore. It has been a subsidiary of StarHub Limited since StarHub acquired Singapore Cable Vision (SCV) in 2001, and was the sole pay-TV operator in the country until 2007 when mio TV (now Singtel TV), an IPTV service from its competitor, Singtel, was launched.

The company offers IPTV services via the optical fibre network. It also provides this service via a wireless network, the Digital Terrestrial Television system.

Singtel TV
Singtel TV (formerly known as Singtel IPTV and mio TV) is a pay television service provided by Singtel in Singapore. It is transmitted through Singtel's broadband network via an IPTV platform, which uses Ericsson Mediaroom (originally developed by Microsoft) as its end-to-end software platform. The service allows multimedia content – including linear channels and on-demand content – to be viewed on any television set. The IPTV service utilises IP set-top boxes (STBs), connected through Singtel's optical fibre broadband service. The Singtel TV IPTV network currently has more than 425,000 subscribers. Singtel TV serves as Singtel's integrated gateway for home users, delivering multiple IP-based communication services.
Julius Tonel
Julius “Joy” Sullan Tonel (born August 31, 1956) is a Filipino Catholic bishop appointed as the Metropolitan Archbishop of Zamboanga in April 2023. Previously he had served as bishop of Ipil since 2007.

Archdiocese of Zamboanga
The Archdiocese of Zamboanga (Latin name: Archidiocesis Zamboangensis) is a Catholic archdiocese in the Philippines. Its present jurisdiction includes Zamboanga City, with suffragans in Basilan (Territorial Prelature of Isabela), Zamboanga Sibugay (Diocese of Ipil), and the Apostolic Vicariate of Jolo. It became Mindanao's first diocese in 1910, and was established as the second archdiocese of Mindanao in 1958. Today, the archdiocese covers a land area of 1,648 square kilometers and has a population of 442,345, of which 81 percent are Catholics. The archdiocese includes 28 parishes and one quasi-parish, served by 57 diocesan and 18 religious priests. There are also 51 religious sisters working in the archdiocese.
Castle of Stilo
The Castle of Stilo, also known as the Norman Castle, is a medieval fortress located in Stilo, Calabria, southern Italy. Built in the 11th century by Roger I of Sicily, it stands on Monte Consolino and offers panoramic views of the surrounding area.

Roger I of Sicily
Roger I (Italian: Ruggero; Arabic: رُجار, romanized: Rujār; Maltese: Ruġġieru; Norse: Rogeirr; c. 1031 – 22 June 1101), nicknamed "Roger Bosso" and "Grand Count Roger", was a Norman nobleman who became the first Grand Count of Sicily from 1071 to 1101.

As a member of the House of Hauteville, he participated in several military expeditions against the Emirate of Sicily (beginning in 1061). He was later invested with part of Sicily by his brother, Robert Guiscard, Duke of Apulia, in 1071. By 1090, he had conquered the entire island. In 1091, he conquered Malta. The state he created was merged with the Duchy of Apulia in 1127 and became the Kingdom of Sicily in 1130. His descendants in the male line continued to rule Sicily down to 1194.
1903 St Andrews Burghs by-election
The 1903 St Andrews Burghs by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 17 September 1903. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

St Andrews Burghs
56°17′06″N 3°01′08″W﻿ / ﻿56.285°N 3.019°W﻿ / 56.285; -3.019

St Andrews Burghs  was a district of burghs constituency, representing various burghs of Fife, Scotland, in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, from 1832 to 1918.
France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1981
France was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1981 with the song "Humanahum", composed by Jean-Paul Cara, with lyrics by Joe Gracy, and performed by Jean Gabilou. The French participating broadcaster, Télévision Française 1 (TF1), selected its entry through a national final.

Jean-Paul Cara
Jean-Paul Cara (born 9 September 1948) is a French singer and composer. He has authored several songs that have won prizes at the Eurovision contest, most notably the single L'Oiseau et l'Enfant in collaboration with Joe Gracy and performed by Marie Myriam (1st place for France, 1977 Eurovision Song Contest).

France has not won a Eurovision since. Cara wrote the song "Un, deux, trois", performed by Catherine Ferry, that came in 2nd place (for France) at Eurovision 1976. He collaborated with Pierre Delanoë on the French lyrics for the song Ein bißchen Frieden, composed by Ralph Siegel, that won 1st place for Germany at Eurovision 1982. His on-stage performance at the 1980 Eurovision, taking part in Sophie et Magaly's entry of "Papa Pingouin", granted them 9th place with 56 points.

In January 2010 Jean-Paul Cara was named an Officier in the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. He lives in Nébian, France and continues to perform.
Tokiwa Station (Okayama)
Tokiwa Station (常盤駅, Tokiwa-eki) is a train station in the city of Kurashiki, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. It is on the Mizushima Main Line, operated by the Mizushima Rinkai Railway. Currently, all services stop at this station.

Mizushima Main Line
Mizushima Main Line (水島本線, Mizushima-honsen) is a 11.2 km railway line owned by the Mizushima Rinkai Railway, serving Kurashiki, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. The line branches southward from the San'yō Main Line, owned by JR West, at Kurashiki-shi Station, ending in the industrial district of Mizushima.

Originally an industrial railway for the military in Mizushima, passenger services began in 1948. The line switched hands three times before being owned and operated by the Mizushima Rinkai Railway.
Pine Bush, New York
Pine Bush is a hamlet (and census-designated place) located in the town of Crawford and adjacent to Shawangunk, New York, within Orange and adjacent to Ulster counties in the U.S. It is roughly coterminous with the 12566 ZIP code and 744 telephone exchange in the 845 area code. These both extend into adjacent regions of the town of Shawangunk in Ulster County. (The Pine Bush Central School District includes part of the town of Mamakating in Sullivan County as well). The population was 1,751 at the 2020 census.

Pine Bush is part of the Poughkeepsie–Newburgh–Middletown, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area.

Sullivan County, New York
Sullivan County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 78,624. The county seat is Monticello. The county's name honors Major General John Sullivan, who was labeled at the time as a hero in the American Revolutionary War in part due to his successful campaign in destroying 40 Iroquois villages and chasing 5,000 of them out of the area (see Sullivan Expedition). The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

The county was the site of hundreds of Borscht Belt hotels and resorts, which had their heyday from the 1920s through the 1970s.

In 2010, the state's center of population was at the southern edge of Sullivan County.
Badge of Honor for the "Volunteers of Freedom" Patriots
The Badge of Honor for the "Volunteers of Freedom" Patriots (Italian: Distintivo d'onore per i patrioti "Volontari della Libertà") is an award established by the Kingdom of Italy to recognize those who participated in the armed struggle of the Italian resistance movement or Italian Co-belligerent Forces against Axis forces in Italy during World War II or who refused to collaborate with Axis forces after being taken prisoner by Nazi Germany.

Co-belligerence
Co-belligerence is the waging of a war in cooperation against a common enemy with or without a military alliance. Generally, the term is used for cases where no formal treaty of alliance exists. Likewise, allies may not become co-belligerents in a war if a casus foederis invoking the alliance has not arisen. Co-belligerents are defined in the Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law as "states engaged in a conflict with a common enemy, whether in alliance with each other or not".
1966 United States Senate election in Tennessee
The 1966 United States Senate election in Tennessee was held on November 8, 1966, concurrently with other elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Republican nominee Howard Baker won the election, defeating Democratic nominee and Tennessee Governor Frank G. Clement with 55.7% of the vote.

In the primary, incumbent Democratic Senator Ross Bass lost to Governor Clement by a little over 2%.

Baker became the first Republican to represent Tennessee since the temporary appointment of Newell Sanders in 1912. He was the first Tennessee Republican to win a full term in the Senate since Reconstruction in 1867 and the first ever to win a popular election to the Senate. He was also the first Republican to win a full term to this Senate seat.

Governor of Tennessee
The governor of Tennessee is the head of government of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor is the only official in the Tennessee state government who is directly elected by the voters of the entire state.

The current governor is Bill Lee, a member of the Republican Party, who took office on January 19, 2019, as the state's 50th governor. He was re-elected to serve a second term in 2022.
Kentucky Route 1632
Kentucky Route 1632 (KY 1632) is a 1.66-mile-long (2.67 km) state highway in Campbell County, Kentucky. It connects KY 9 in Wilder with US 27 and KY 8 in Southgate, Kentucky, just south of the border with Fort Thomas, near Exit 2 of I-471. It is considered a secondary road and is signed Moock Road for its entire length.

Interstate 471
Interstate 471 (I-471) is a 5.75-mile-long (9.25 km) Interstate Highway, linking I-71 in Downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, to I-275 in Highland Heights, Kentucky. South of I-275, the expressway continues south to U.S. Route 27 (US 27) as unsigned Kentucky Route 471 (KY 471).
Panchala
Panchala (IAST: Pañcāla) was an ancient kingdom of northern India, located in the Ganges-Yamuna Doab of the Upper Gangetic plain which is identified as Kanyakubja or region around Kannauj. During Late Vedic times (c. 1100–500 BCE), it was one of the most powerful states of ancient India, closely allied with the Kuru kingdom. By the c. 5th century BCE, it had become an oligarchic confederacy, considered one of the solasa (sixteen) mahajanapadas (major states) of the Indian subcontinent. After being absorbed into the Mauryan Empire (322–185 BCE), Panchala regained its independence until it was annexed by the Gupta Empire in the 4th century CE.

Doab
Doab (English: /ˈdoʊɑːb/) is a term used in South Asia for the tract of land lying between two confluent rivers.  It is similar to an interfluve.  In the Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, R. S. McGregor refers to its Persian origin in defining it as do-āb (دوآب, literally "two [bodies of] water") "a region lying between and reaching to the confluence of two rivers."
Onismor Bhasera
Onismor Bhasera (born 7 January 1986) is a Zimbabwean professional footballer who plays as a left-back for SuperSport United in the South African Premier Soccer League. He previously played in the South African Premier Division for Bidvest Wits, Maritzburg United and Kaizer Chiefs, and the Football League for Plymouth Argyle. Bhasera has won caps at full international level for Zimbabwe.

Premier Soccer League
The Premier Soccer League (PSL) is the administrative body for professional soccer leagues and cups in South Africa. It is based in Johannesburg, and was founded in 1996 following an agreement between the National Soccer League and the remnants of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL).

Affiliated to the South African Football Association (SAFA), the PSL organizes the country's top two professional divisions in the South African Premiership and the National First Division, and knockout cup competitions in the Nedbank Cup and the MTN 8. Teams that are relegated from the National First Division compete in the SAFA Second Division. They also organize a Youth League or PSL Reserve League DStv Diski Challenge.
NeuroDimension
NeuroDimension, Inc. was a software company specializing in neural networks, adaptive systems, and genetic optimization and made software tools for developing and implementing these artificial intelligence technologies. NeuroSolutions is a general-purpose neural network development environment and TradingSolutions is a tool for developing trading systems based on neural networks and genetic algorithms.

NeuroDimension was acquired by nDimensional, Inc. in 2016.

Adaptive system
An adaptive system is a set of interacting or interdependent entities, real or abstract, forming an integrated whole that together are able to respond to environmental changes or changes in the interacting parts, in a way analogous to either continuous physiological homeostasis or evolutionary adaptation in biology. Feedback loops represent a key feature of adaptive systems, such as ecosystems and individual organisms; or in the human world, communities, organizations, and families. Adaptive systems can be organized into a hierarchy.

Artificial adaptive systems include robots with control systems that utilize negative feedback to maintain desired states.