hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Drvenik, Split-Dalmatia County
Drvenik is a village in southern Dalmatia, Croatia, in Gradac municipality, located between Makarska and Ploče. Drvenik lies in two bays (Gornja vala and Donja vala) surrounded by the mountain range Biokovo.

Drvenik has a ferry port with multiple arrivals and departures per day.

Makarska
Makarska (Croatian pronunciation: [mâkarskaː]) is a town on the Adriatic coastline of Croatia, about 60 km (37 mi) southeast of Split and 140 km (87 mi) northwest of Dubrovnik, in the Split-Dalmatia County.

Makarska is a prominent regional tourist center, located on a horseshoe-shaped bay between the Biokovo mountains and the Adriatic Sea. The city is noted for its palm-fringed promenade, where cafes, bars and boutiques overlook the harbor. Adjacent to the beach are several large capacity hotels as well as a camping grounds.

Makarska is the centre of the Makarska Riviera, a popular tourist destination under the Biokovo mountain. It stretches for 60 km (37 mi) between the municipalities of Brela and Gradac.
Louisa Montagu Douglas Scott, Duchess of Buccleuch
Louisa Jane Montagu Douglas Scott, Duchess of Buccleuch and Queensberry VA (née Hamilton; 26 August 1836 – 16 March 1912) was the daughter of James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Abercorn.  In 1884, she became the Duchess of Buccleuch and Duchess of Queensberry, the wife of William Henry Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch and 8th Duke of Queensberry. She was the paternal grandmother of Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, and of Marian Louisa, Lady Elmhirst. She served as Mistress of the Robes to Queen Victoria and then to Queen Alexandra.

Royal Order of Victoria and Albert
The Royal Order of Victoria and Albert is a British Royal Family Order instituted on 10 February 1862 by Queen Victoria, and enlarged on 10 October 1864, 15 November 1865, and 15 March 1880. No award has been made since the death of Queen Victoria.

The order had four classes and was granted to female members of the British royal family and female courtiers. For the first three classes, the badge consisted of a medallion of Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort, differing in the width and jewelling of the border as the classes descend, whilst the fourth substitutes a jewelled cipher. All four were surmounted by a crown, which was attached to a bow of white silk moiré ribbon.  The honour conferred no rank or title upon the recipient, but recipients were entitled to use the post-nominal letters "VA".

The last holder of the Order, Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone, died in 1981.
Allied Dunbar
Allied Dunbar was a large British life assurance group. In its early years it was known as Hambro Life Assurance and was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. However, it was acquired by BAT Industries, merged with Eagle Star, and sold to Zurich Financial Services in 1998.

Zurich Insurance Group
Zurich Insurance Group Ltd. is a Swiss insurance company, headquartered in Zürich, and the country's largest insurer. As of 2024, the group is the world's 98th largest public company according to Forbes' Global 2000s list, and in 2011, it ranked 94th in Interbrand's top 100 brands.

Zurich is a global insurance company which is organized into three core business segments: General Insurance, Global Life and Farmers. Zurich employs 55,000 people, with customers in 215 countries and territories. The company is listed on SIX Swiss Exchange. As of 2012, it had a shareholders' equity of $34.494 billion.
Curtiss XP-31 Swift
The Curtiss XP-31 Swift (Wright Field Project Number XP-934) was a 1930s American experimental monoplane fighter built by Curtiss for the United States Army Air Corps.

The XP-31 featured the first enclosed cockpit on a U.S. pursuit aircraft and was also the last pursuit aircraft to have fixed landing gear and externally braced wings. Despite its innovations, the XP-31 did not offer any advantages compared to its rival the Boeing P-26 Peashooter and was not ordered into series production.

Boeing P-26 Peashooter
The Boeing P-26 "Peashooter" is the first American production all-metal fighter aircraft and the first pursuit monoplane to enter squadron service with the United States Army Air Corps. Designed and built by Boeing, the prototype first flew in 1932, and the type was still in use with the U.S. Army Air Corps as late as 1941 in the Philippines. There are two surviving Peashooters and three reproductions on display, with two more under construction.
Islamophobia in Poland
Islamophobia in Poland is the fear, hatred of, or prejudice against the Islamic religion or Muslims in Poland. Since the Muslim community in Poland is small (0.1% of the population) the situation has been described as "Islamophobia without Muslims". According to Monika Bobako, Islamophobia is one of the main elements of the Polish nationalist discourse. Islamophobia in Poland takes the form of xenophobia and discrimination towards Muslims or those perceived as Muslim.

Islam in Poland
A continuous presence of Islam in Poland began in the 14th century. From this time it was primarily associated with the Lipka Tatars, many of whom settled in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth while continuing their traditions and religious beliefs. The first significant non-Tatar groups of Muslims arrived in Poland in the 1970s, though they are a very small minority.

Today, less than 0.02% of the population in Poland is Muslim. The majority of Muslims in Poland are Sunni.
Groningen railway station
Groningen railway station (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣroːnɪŋə(n)] ⓘ; abbreviation: Gn), locally called Hoofdstation (main station), is the main railway station in Groningen in the Province of Groningen, Netherlands. It is located on the Harlingen–Nieuweschans railway between Zuidhorn and Groningen Europapark, on the Meppel–Groningen railway as terminus after Groningen Europapark, and on the Groningen–Delfzijl railway as terminus after Groningen Noord.

The first station building was completed in 1865 and demolished in 1894. The second and current station building was designed by Izaak Gosschalk, completed in 1896, and most recently restored in 2000. Train services started in 1866 and are currently provided by Nederlandse Spoorwegen and Arriva. There are 41 bus services at the station provided by Qbuzz.

Zuidhorn railway station
Zuidhorn (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzœytɦɔr(ə)n] ⓘ; abbreviation: Zh) is a railway station located in Zuidhorn in the Netherlands. The station was opened on 1 June 1866 and is located on the Harlingen–Nieuweschans railway between Leeuwarden and Groningen. The train service is operated by Arriva.
WGRZ
WGRZ (channel 2) is a television station in Buffalo, New York, United States, affiliated with NBC and owned by Tegna Inc. The station's studios are located on Delaware Avenue in downtown Buffalo, and its transmitter is located on Warner Hill Road in South Wales, New York.

Tegna Inc.
Tegna Inc. (stylized in all caps as TEGNA) is an American publicly traded broadcast, digital media and marketing services company headquartered in Tysons, Virginia. It was created on June 29, 2015, when the Gannett Company split into two publicly traded companies. Tegna comprised the more profitable broadcast television and digital media divisions of the old Gannett, while Gannett's publishing interests were spun off as a "new" company which retained the Gannett name (later renamed to the USA Today Co.). Tegna owns or operates 68 television stations in 54 markets, and holds properties in digital media.

In terms of audience reach, Tegna is the largest group owner of NBC-affiliated stations, ahead of Hearst Television and Sinclair Broadcast Group. Tegna is the fourth-largest group owner of ABC affiliates, behind Hearst, the E. W. Scripps Company, and Sinclair. Tegna also owns two digital multicast networks (True Crime Network and Quest).
University of Michigan Transit Services
University of Michigan Transit Services is a public transit operator in Ann Arbor, Michigan, operated by the University of Michigan. U-M Transit routes serve the university's Ann Arbor campus and the main facilities of Michigan Medicine, carrying over 5 million passengers per year. The service is nicknamed the "Blue Bus" by students. U-M Transit services operate year-round, and are free and open to the public.

U-M Transit is distinct from the Ann Arbor Area Transportation Authority (TheRide), the public transit operator for the entire Ann Arbor metropolitan area. TheRide operates multiple routes serving the university's campuses, and university students and staff ride TheRide buses for free. The university and TheRide collaborate closely on some services, but are administratively and operationally independent.

University of Michigan Medicine
The University of Michigan Medicine (branded as Michigan Medicine) is the academic medical center of the University of Michigan, a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan. It consists of the university's medical school, affiliated hospitals, and affiliated healthcare centers.
Isuzu 810
The Isuzu 810 (kana:いすゞ810) is a heavy duty truck that was produced by Isuzu. First introduced in 1983 as a successor to the Isuzu New Power (including V8SS, V10SS and V12SS) and was replaced by Isuzu Giga in 1995. Outside Japan, the truck series are in the "C" and "E", with "C" indicating a rigid design and "E" being used on semi-tractors. With the domestic competitors were the Nissan Diesel Resona, the Hino Super Dolphin and the Mitsubishi Fuso The Great.

Isuzu Giga
The Isuzu Giga (Japanese: いすゞ・ギガ) is a line of heavy-duty commercial vehicles produced by Isuzu since 1994. Outside of Japan, the line is known as the Isuzu C/E series and Isuzu S&E series and was formerly known as the Isuzu Heavy-Duty Truck'. Between 1994 and 2016, it was also sold in South America (under the Chevrolet brand as Chevrolet C/E series).
Bidens amplissima
Bidens amplissima, also known as the Vancouver Island beggarticks, is a wetland annual species in the sunflower family, Asteraceae that is listed as Special Concern in Canada and has a limited global range. More than 85% of known populations occur in southwestern British Columbia, with the remainder in northwestern Washington. Bidens amplissima occurs across a remarkable range of environmental conditions, both along the edges of freshwater ponds and under saline conditions in estuaries. Bidens amplissima displays a broad range of morphological variation and overlaps in morphological characteristics with two closely related and occurring species, B. cernua and B. tripartita.

Bidens cernua
Bidens cernua is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. It is commonly called nodding beggarticks or nodding bur-marigold. Bidens cernua is distributed throughout much of Eurasia and North America.
The Boyz (American band)
The Boyz was an American hard rock band based in Los Angeles, California, established in 1975 by Michael White and managed by Kim Fowley.

The line-up included:

Michael White (vocals): a future member of L.A. Rocks, and later credited as being the original vocalist in an early incarnation of Mötley Crüe and the previous Nikki Sixx band London. He later formed Michael White & The White, a Led Zeppelin tribute band.

Mick Brown (drums)

George Lynch (guitar)

Monte Zufelt (bass)

The Boyz disbanded in 1977-1978 with Michael White forming L.A. Rocks with Randy Piper (W.A.S.P.) and then joined Nikki Sixx and Lizzie Grey band London as the original lead vocalist. After leaving London, Michael White formed his solo group entitled Michael White & the White with guitarist Lanny Cordola (of Giuffria, House of Lords). George Lynch, Mick Brown, then Rocky Romano, Chap Cooper, John Wilson. Monte Zufelt carried on as Xciter with vocalist Greg Sanford.

London (American band)
London is an American glam metal band formed in Hollywood, California in 1978. The band included several members that would go on to play in more famous bands, such as Mötley Crüe, Guns N' Roses, W.A.S.P. and Cinderella.
You Are Here (novel)
You Are Here is a 2024 romance novel by British writer David Nicholls. The novel centers on two middle-aged protagonists, who unexpectedly find themselves together on a long-distance walking trail across northern England after being brought together by a mutual friend.

The novel explores themes surrounding modern love, loneliness, second chances, and the search for human connection, continuing Nicholls' exploration of romantic relationships across different life stages that he pursued in previous works like One Day, Us, and Sweet Sorrow. It received positive reviews from critics,  who praised Nicholls's writing style, characterization, and ability to capture the complexities of modern love and loneliness.

Us (novel)
Us is a 2014 novel by English author David Nicholls for whom it won the Specsavers "UK Author of the Year" award. It was also long-listed for the 2014 Man Booker Prize. The BBC screened a four-part TV adaptation of the novel, by Nicholls, in 2020, starring Tom Hollander, Saskia Reeves and Tom Taylor. In Canada, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) broadcast it as a six-episode mini-series.
Paul Brigham
Paul Brigham (January 1746 – June 15, 1824) was an American Revolutionary soldier and Democratic-Republican politician. He was the second lieutenant governor of Vermont after that state was admitted to the Union in 1791, and upon the death of Vermont's first governor Thomas Chittenden, served as governor for the last seven weeks of Chittenden's term. (During the 14 years before admission to the Union, when Vermont was a largely unrecognized state, several others served as lieutenant governor and two persons served as governor.)

Thomas Chittenden
Thomas Chittenden (January 6, 1730 – August 25, 1797) was an American politician from Vermont, who was a leader of the territory for nearly two decades. He was the state's first and third governor, serving from 1778 to 1789—when it was a largely unrecognized independent state now called the Vermont Republic—and again from 1790 until his death. Vermont was admitted to the Union in 1791 as its 14th state.
Otis "Big Smokey" Smothers
Otis "Big Smokey" Smothers (March 21, 1929 – July 23, 1993) was an American Chicago blues guitarist and singer. He was a member of Howlin' Wolf's backing band and worked with Muddy Waters, Jimmy Rogers, Bo Diddley, Ike Turner, J. T. Brown, Freddie King, Little Johnny Jones, Little Walter, and Willie Dixon. His younger brother, Abe (born Albert, January 2, 1939 – November 20, 2010), was the bluesman Little Smokey Smothers, with whom he is sometimes confused.

Bo Diddley
Ellas Bates McDaniel (December 30, 1928 – June 2, 2008), known professionally as Bo Diddley, was an American guitarist, singer and songwriter who played a key role in the transition from the blues to rock and roll. He influenced many artists, including Buddy Holly, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Animals, George Thorogood, Syd Barrett, Tom Petty, and the Clash.

His use of African rhythms and a signature beat, a simple five-accent hambone rhythm, is a cornerstone of hip hop, rock, and pop music. In recognition of his achievements, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987, the Blues Hall of Fame in 2003, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2017. He received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Diddley is also recognized for his technical innovations, including his use of tremolo and reverb effects to enhance the sound of his distinctive rectangular guitars.
Pyrus pedrottiana
Pyrus pedrottiana is a species of pear in the rose family (Rosaceae). It is native to Sicily, specifically the Nebrodi Mountains of northern Sicily. It is, together with  P. ciancioi,  P. vallis-demonis,  P. sicanorum and P. castribonensis, one of five pear species endemic to the island, and was described in 2022.

Pyrus ciancioi
Pyrus ciancioi, the pero di Ciancio or Ciancio's pear, is a species of pear in the rose family Rosaceae. It is, together with P. sicanorum, P. vallis-demonis, P. castribonensis and P. pedrottiana, one of five pear species endemic to Sicily. Having been described only in 2012, only about 15 mature individuals are known.
Russian Bishop's House
The Russian Bishop's House (Russian: Русский Архиерейский Дом), once the Russian Mission Orphanage (Russian: Российская Миссия Орфанадж), is a historic house museum and National Historic Landmark at Lincoln and Monastery Streets in Sitka, Alaska.  Built in 1841–43, this log structure is one of the oldest surviving buildings of Russian America, and was one of the centerpieces of the Russian Orthodox church's efforts to spread its influence among the natives of Alaska.  It was the home and administrative center of Ivan Veniaminov, the first Bishop of Alaska, later canonized as Innocent of Alaska.  The house is now a unit of Sitka National Historical Park, and is administered by the National Park Service.

Sitka National Historical Park
Sitka National Historical Park (earlier known as Indian River Park and Totem Park) is a national historical park in Sitka in the U.S. state of Alaska. It was redesignated as a national historical park from its previous status as national monument on October 18, 1972. The park in its various forms has sought to commemorate the Tlingit and Russian experiences in Alaska.: 7
Fundy Albert
Fundy Albert is a village municipality in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. The jurisdiction was formed through the 2023 New Brunswick local governance reforms which saw the consolidation of local government entities into regions or districts.

2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.
Sattar Jabbar Hilow
Rishama Sattar Jabbar Hilow al-Zahrooni (Arabic: الريش امه ستار جبار حلو الزهروني; also known as His Holiness Ganzevra Sattar Jabbar Hilo al-Zahrony; born 1956, Al-Kahla, Maysan Governorate, Iraq) is the patriarch and international head of the Mandaean religion. He is currently based in Baghdad, Iraq, where he has served as the head of the Sabian–Mandaean Mandi of Baghdad since 2000. The head priest before him was Rishama Abdullah bar Negm, who had served as the head priest of the Sabian–Mandaean Mandi of Baghdad from 1981 to 1999.

Rishama Sattar Jabbar Hilow has spoken at many conferences and seminars abroad to raise awareness of the human rights crisis among the Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran.

Abdullah bar Negm
Sheikh (Rishama) Abdullah bar Negm (Arabic: عبدالله ابن نجم; born in Qal'at Saleh, Iraq; 1947-4 March 2010,Nijmegen, Netherlands) was an Iraqi Mandaean priest who served as the Rishama (Mandaean patriarch) of Baghdad, Iraq from 1981 to 1999.
Ajit Kumar P
Vice Admiral Ajit Kumar PVSM, AVSM, VSM, ADC is a retired Indian Navy Admiral. He served as Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief (FOC-in-C) Western Naval Command. He assumed the position on 31 January 2019 after Vice Admiral Girish Luthra's retirement and superannuated on 28 February 2021.  Prior to this appointment, he served as Vice Chief of Naval Staff.

Vishisht Seva Medal
The Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM, lit. 'Distinguished Service Medal') is a decoration of the Indian Armed Forces. It is awarded to recognize "distinguished service of a high order" to all ranks of the Indian Armed Forces.

From 1980, the Yudh Seva Medal was introduced to recognize exceptional services in an operational environment. Since then the VSM has been restricted to non-operational service.
James R. Mills
James R. Mills (June 6, 1927 – March 27, 2021) was an American Democratic politician from California, who held elected office from 1960 to 1982, first in the California State Assembly from 1961 to 1965, then in the California State Senate from 1967 to 1982 where he also served as the 44th president pro tempore from November 1970 to November 1980.

President pro tempore of the California State Senate
The president pro tempore of the California State Senate (President Pro Tem) is the chief executive and highest-ranking member the California State Senate and serves as chair of the Senate Rules Committee. The Pro Tem is chosen at the beginning of each two-year session, via election by all the other senators-elect.

The current President pro tempore is Monique Limón, a Democratic member from the 21st district, who was sworn in on November 17, 2025.
Jrk
dClock (clk) is a gene located on the 3L chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. Mapping and cloning of the gene indicates that it is the Drosophila homolog of the mouse gene CLOCK (mClock). The Jrk mutation disrupts the transcription cycling of per and tim and manifests dominant effects.

Timeless (gene)
Timeless (tim) is a gene in multiple species but is most notable for its role in Drosophila for encoding TIM, an essential protein that regulates circadian rhythm. Timeless mRNA and protein oscillate rhythmically with time as part of a transcription-translation negative feedback loop involving the period (per) gene and its protein.
Adelaide Comets FC
Adelaide Comets FC are a soccer club based in Adelaide, South Australia. The club competes in the National Premier Leagues South Australia. They are based in Adelaide's western suburb of Mile End and play home games at LJ Hooker Mile End Sports Park.

National Premier Leagues South Australia
The National Premier Leagues South Australia, officially abbreviated to NPL SA and known for sponsorship reasons as the RAA National Premier League, is a semi-professional men's soccer league in the Australian state of South Australia. The league is one of eight that comprises the National Premier Leagues, the second tier of Australian soccer. The league was founded in 2012 as a successor to the Super League and is managed by Football South Australia.

Seasons start in late February, and conclude in early September with a Grand Final which, since 2022, has been held at ServiceFM Stadium. The competition was initially contested by 14 teams and was reduced to 12 teams ahead of the 2016 season.
Simple extension
In field theory, a simple extension is a field extension that is generated by the adjunction of a single element, called a primitive element. Simple extensions are well understood and can be completely classified.

The primitive element theorem provides a characterization of the finite simple extensions.

Degree of a field extension
In mathematics, more specifically field theory, the degree of a field extension is a rough measure of the "size" of the field extension. The concept plays an important role in many parts of mathematics, including algebra and number theory—indeed in any area where fields appear prominently.
Virginie Duby-Muller
Virginie Duby-Muller (born 16 August 1979) is a French politician of The Republicans (LR) who has been a member of the National Assembly since the 2012 elections, representing Haute-Savoie's 4th constituency. Within her party, she has been serving as deputy chairwoman since 2019, under the leadership of chairman Christian Jacob.

Christian Jacob (politician)
Christian Jacob (born 4 December 1959) is a French politician who was the president of the Republicans party from 2019 to 2022. Over the course of his career, he held several cabinet positions, including as the Minister of French Civil Service in Jacques Chirac's second term as President of France.

He served as the Member of the National Assembly for Seine-et-Marne's 4th constituency between 1995 and 2002, and then again between 2007 and 2022. He chose to not seek re-election in the 2022 French legislative election.