hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gould family
The Gould family is a wealthy American family that came to prominence in the late 19th century. The family's fortune was primarily earned through a railroad empire built by Jason "Jay" Gould, a notorious "robber baron" during the Gilded Age. At its height, this network comprised the Denver & Rio Grande, Missouri Pacific, Wheeling & Lake Erie, Wabash, Texas Pacific, Western Maryland and International-Great Northern railroads among others. By the early 20th century, the Goulds lost control over virtually all these railroads largely due to mismanagement by Jay's son, George Jay Gould. Despite losing the source of much of their wealth, subsequent generations of the family continued to be involved in business, philanthropy, and politics.

Texas and Pacific Railway
The Texas and Pacific Railway Company (known as the T&P) was created by federal charter in 1871 with the purpose of building a southern transcontinental railroad between Marshall, Texas, and San Diego, California. However its lines never went west of El Paso, near where in 1881 it connected to the Southern Pacific line to California.
Mariia Holubtsova
Mariia Oleksandrivna Holubtsova (Ukrainian: Марія Олександрівна Голубцова; born 20 December 2000) is a Ukrainian ice dancer. With her skating partner, Kyryl Bielobrov, she is the 2021 Pavel Roman Memorial bronze medalist and a two-time Ukrainian national silver medalist. The duo competed in the final segment at the 2016 and 2020 World Junior Championships.

2016 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 2016 World Junior Figure Skating Championships were held from 14–20 March 2016 in Debrecen, Hungary. Commonly called "World Juniors" and "Junior Worlds", the event determined the World Junior champions in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

Anna Dušková / Martin Bidař and Daniel Samohin became the first World Junior champions in figure skating from the Czech Republic and Israel, respectively. Japan's Marin Honda won the ladies' title and Lorraine McNamara / Quinn Carpenter took the ice dancing event.
AP (song)
"AP" is a song by American rapper Pop Smoke. It was released on February 26, 2021, through Victor Victor Worldwide and Republic Records. It is the lead single from the Boogie soundtrack, in which Pop Smoke stars.

Steven Victor
Steven William Victor (born September 6, 1980) is an American record executive, talent manager, music publisher, and A&R representative.

He founded the record label Victor Victor Worldwide in 2016. The year prior, he was named chief creative officer (CCO) of Kanye West's GOOD Music record label, and also in 2016, he was named senior vice president of A&R at Universal Music Group—through which he reports directly to chairman Sir Lucian Grainge. The following year, he was named Head of A&R at Def Jam Recordings, although he departed in 2019 to return to Universal.
Al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad
Al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad Amuli (944–1020) was an imam of the Zaydiyyah sect.

Al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad's ancestor in the tenth degree was the Shi'a imam Hasan bin Ali. He was a disciple of Abu Abdallah al-Basri and the Qadi Abd al-Jabbar, and a learned expert on the Ahl al-Bayt concept. Al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad was accepted as imam in Gilan and Deylaman in Persia, and had connections with the Zaidi area of Yemen. After 1013, no local imam was appointed for many years in the Yemeni highland. In Zaidi historiography, al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad is sometimes listed as such, although he never visited Yemen. He died in Langa in Deylaman in 1020, being succeeded by his brother Abu Talib Yahya.

Zaydism
Zaydism (Arabic: الزَّيْدِيَّة, romanized: az-Zaydiyya), also referred to as Fiver Shi'ism, is a branch of Shia Islam that emerged in the eighth century following Zayd ibn Ali's unsuccessful rebellion against the Umayyad Caliphate. Zaydism is one of the three main branches of Shi'ism, the other two being Twelverism and Ismailism.

Zaydism is typically considered the Shia branch that is closest to Sunni Islam, although the "classical" form of Zaydism (usually referred to as Hadawi) historically changed its stance on Sunni and Shia traditions multiple times, to the point where Zaydis' simply accepting Ali as a rightful successor to Muhammad was enough to consider them Shia.

Zaydis regard rationalism as more important than Quranic literalism and historically were quite tolerant towards Shafi'i Sunnism, the jurisprudential school of about half of the Yemenis. Most of the world's Zaydis are located in northwestern Yemen and Najran in Saudi Arabia.
Mi Movimiento
Mi Movimiento (English: My Movement) is the second studio album by American singer De la Ghetto, released on September 28, 2018, through Warner Music Latina. It was produced by Chris Jedi, Gaby Music, BF, Sky Rompiendo, DJ Luian, Mambo Kingz, Kreate, Oby "The One", Super Solo, Chan El Genio, Kevin Adg, DJ Blass, Predikador, Rome, Urba, Tainy, DJ Giann, Jazz, Lelo, Russian, Sniggy, DJ Diego and Play-N-Skillz, and features collaborations with Daddy Yankee, Ozuna, Chris Jedi, J Balvin, Maluma, Wisin, Zion & Lennox, Brytiago, Jon Z, Almighty, Flo Rida, Plan B, Konshens and Fetty Wap

At the 20th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, the album was nominated for Best Urban Music Album while the song "Caliente" was nominated for Best Urban Song.

The album peaked at number five on the Top Latin Albums and Latin Rhythm Albums charts, De la Ghetto's highest-charting album to date on both charts.

Billboard Latin rhythm charts
The Billboard Latin rhythm charts began in 2005 when an album chart were introduced as Latin Rhythm Albums in the May 21 issue of the magazine.  Three months later, Billboard then established Latin Rhythm Airplay, which initially rank the most-played songs played on Latin rhythm radio stations before switching to an audience-based methodology in January 2011. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different Latin rhythm charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Latin Rhythm Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing Latin rhythm songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

By "Latin rhythm", Billboard generally refers to the genre as Spanish-speaking urbano music, including reggaeton and Latin hip hop/trap.
Fleur de Lis Ball
The Fleur de Lis Ball is a formal cotillion ball in St. Louis, Missouri, for adolescents of affluent society around the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of St. Louis, started in 1958 by a group of Catholic upper-class women. It teaches etiquette and ballroom skills to young debutante women and men. Four years of classes end with the Fleur de Lis Ball itself, which benefits Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital. Female guests wear white debutante gowns with gloves, and are escorted and presented to the Archbishop of St. Louis. It is one of two major cotillion balls in Saint Louis.

Archdiocese of St. Louis
The Archdiocese of St. Louis (Latin: Archidiœcesis Sancti Ludovici) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in the eastern part of the U.S. state of Missouri. Mitchell Thomas Rozanski is the archbishop; the see church is the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis.
The Final Blow
The Final Blow is a compilation album by Fred Wesley and the Horny Horns. The album first released on the P-Vine record label in 1994, then on the Sequel label in the United Kingdom, and the AEM label in the United States. The album is made up of unreleased tracks recorded during band's heyday in the late 1970s.

Several tracks from The Final Blow were previously released on other George Clinton produced projects. "Oh I Don't Think Sew" was featured on the 1981 Funkadelic album The Electric Spanking of War Babies under the title Oh I and then was later released with a full horn section on the Parliament compilation "The 12" Collection & More with a full horn section supplied by Fred Wesley and The Horny Horns, and Lickity Split first appeared on the George Clinton archival album Plush Funk.

Plush Funk
Plush Funk is the third installment of the George Clinton Family Series collection. The album was released in 1993 by P-Vine Records in Japan, and then was released the next year by A&M Records in the United States and Sequel Records in the United Kingdom. The CD features the track "May Day (S.O.S)", which was an outtake from the Funkadelic album "The Electric Spanking of War Babies". The songs themselves feature no vocal involvement by Clinton, instead showcasing the musical talent of other artists.

As with all of the Family Series CD's, the last track features George Clinton supplying background information of all of the songs featured on the CD.
James Eustace Bagnall
James Eustace Bagnall ALS (7 November 1830 – 3 September 1918) was an English naturalist with a particular interest in botany, especially bryology. He was the author of the first Flora of Warwickshire (VC38) in 1891. A noted bryologist, he wrote the Handbook of Mosses in the Young Collector Series, various editions of which were published between 1886 and 1910.

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
Kathivakkam
Katthivakkam is an residential and industrial area located in the northern part of Chennai. It is a part of zone 1 in Greater Chennai Corporation. It is under Thiruvottiyur taluk in Chennai district. It is a part of Thiruvottiyur(state assembly constituency) and Chennai North (Lok Sabha constituency). Formerly a town and a municipality of Thiruvallur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, it has now been absorbed by Chennai city in September 2011 and within Chennai District limit since January 2018. The neighbourhood is served by Katthivakkam railway station. As of 2011, the town had a population of 36,617.

Tiruvottiyur
Tiruvottriyur (TVT) is a neighbourhood in North Chennai, administered by the Greater Chennai Corporation. It is part of the Tondiarpet division, located to the north of Chennai. It is one of the fifteen administrative zones in the Greater Chennai Corporation. The zone is called Zone 1 (Tiruvottriyur).

Tiruvottriyur has industrial units, trading activity, and nearby fishing hamlets. The area is easily accessible by Metropolitan Transport Corporation (MTC) buses from across the city and has a bus terminus. The area is also served by the Tiruvottiyur railway junction of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network. As of 2011, the neighbourhood had a population of 249,446.
Glycoside hydrolase family 81
In molecular biology, glycoside hydrolase family 81 is a family of glycoside hydrolases.

Glycoside hydrolases EC 3.2.1. are a widespread group of enzymes that hydrolyse the glycosidic bond between two or more carbohydrates, or between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. A classification system for glycoside hydrolases, based on sequence similarity, has led to the definition of >100 different families. This classification is available on the CAZy web site, and also discussed at CAZypedia, an online encyclopedia of carbohydrate active enzymes.

Glycoside hydrolase family 81 is a family of eukaryotic beta-1,3-glucanases  EC 3.2.1.39 (CAZY GH_81).

Glycoside hydrolase
In biochemistry, glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases or glycosyl hydrolases) are a class of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes, with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies (e.g., lysozyme), in pathogenesis mechanisms  (e.g.,  viral neuraminidases) and in normal cellular function  (e.g.,  trimming mannosidases involved in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis). Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
Rudolf Jung
Rudolf Jung (16 April 1882 – 11 December 1945) was a Nazi theoretician and the head of the German Bohemian Nazi movement from 1926 to 1933 before he immigrated to Germany. He joined the Nazi Party, was made an Honorary Gauleiter and became an SS-Gruppenführer. After the end of World War II, he was arrested and imprisoned by the Czechoslovak government but committed suicide before he could be brought to trial.

Gruppenführer
Gruppenführer ([ˈɡʁʊpm̩fyːʁɐ], lit. 'Group leader') was an early paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party (NSDAP), first created in 1925 as a senior rank of the SA. Since then, the term Gruppenführer is also used for leaders of groups/teams of the police, fire departments, military and several other organizations.
Auricular branch of posterior auricular artery
The auricular branch of posterior auricular artery is a small artery in the head.
It branches off the posterior auricular artery and ascends behind the ear, beneath the posterior auricular muscle, and is distributed to the back of the auricula, upon which it ramifies minutely, some branches curving around the margin of the cartilage, others perforating it, to supply the anterior surface. It anastomoses with the parietal and anterior auricular branches of the superficial temporal artery.

Superficial temporal artery
In human anatomy, the superficial temporal artery is a major artery of the head.  It arises from the external carotid artery when it splits into the superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery.

Its pulse can be felt above the zygomatic arch, above and in front of the tragus of the ear.
Saffron Walden Rural District
Saffron Walden Rural District was a rural district in the county of Essex, England. It was created in 1894 and later enlarged by the addition of the parishes of Berden, Birchanger, Elsenham, Farnham, Henham-on-the-Hill, Manuden, Stansted Mountfitchet and Ugley from the disbanded Stansted Rural District. It was named after and administered from Saffron Walden.

Since 1 April 1974 it has formed part of the District of Uttlesford.

At the time of its dissolution it consisted of the following 31 civil parishes.

Arkesden

Ashdon

Berden

Birchanger

Chrishall

Clavering

Debden

Elmdon

Elsenham

Farnham

Great Chesterford

Great Sampford

Hadstock

Hempstead

Henham-on-the-Hill

Langley

Littlebury

Little Chesterford

Little Sampford

Manuden

Newport

Quendon and Rickling

Radwinter

Stansted Mountfitchet

Strethall

Ugley

Wenden Lofts

Wendens Ambo

Wicken Bonhunt

Widdington

Wimbish

Berden
Berden is a village and civil parish in Essex, England. Berden village is approximately 6 miles (10 km) north from Bishop's Stortford, its post town (which is over the county boundary in Hertfordshire), and 21 miles (34 km) north-west of Essex's county town of Chelmsford. Berden parish, with its own parish council, is in the district of Uttlesford and in the parliamentary constituency of Saffron Walden.

At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 473.

Berden was part of Clavering hundred and is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as a location with four villagers and five smallholders.
Amy James-Turner
Amy James-Turner (née Turner; born 4 July 1991) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Women's Super League club Tottenham Hotspur. She has been capped four times for the England national team.

Turner previously played for Manchester United, Liverpool, Lincoln Ladies, Notts County, Sheffield, Leeds United, Doncaster Rovers Belles and Orlando Pride.

Notts County Ladies F.C.
Notts County Ladies Football Club was a women's football club based in Nottingham, England. They played their home games at Meadow Lane.

Notts County Ladies were created in 2014 when Lincoln Ladies were relocated from Lincoln to Nottingham and rebranded. The club were originally formed in Lincoln in 1995 and also spent a period known as Lincoln City Ladies while affiliated to Lincoln City. Sincil Bank and other smaller venues staged the club's matches during their time in Lincoln. The club was named OOH Lincoln Ladies from 2008 until 2010, due to sponsorship from Ray Trew's OOH Media PLC.

The club withdrew from the FA WSL 1, the top tier in the English women's football league system, two days before the start of the FA WSL Spring Series on 21 April 2017.
José Cojuangco
José "Pepe" Chichioco Cojuangco Sr., KSS (July 3, 1896 – August 21, 1976) was a Filipino politician who served as Representative of the 1st District of Tarlac in the Philippines from 1934 to 1946. Cojuangco is one of the patriarchs of the Cojuangco clan. He was the father and grandfather of future Philippine presidents Corazon Aquino and Benigno Aquino III, respectively.  His other grandchildren include actresses Kris Aquino and Mikee Cojuangco.

Benigno Aquino Sr.
Benigno Simeón Aquino y Quiambao (September 3, 1894 – December 20, 1947) was a Filipino politician who served as speaker of the National Assembly of the Japanese-sponsored puppet state in the Philippines from 1943 to 1944. He was the Director-General of KALIBAPI, a political party established during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines.

A member of the Aquino family, one of his grandchildren (through Benigno "Ninoy" Jr.), Benigno S. Aquino III was the 15th President of the Philippines, serving from 2010 to 2016.
Solar eclipse of March 25, 1857
A total solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit between Wednesday, March 25 and Thursday, March 26, 1857, with a magnitude of 1.0534. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 1.1 days before perigee (on March 26, 1857, at 23:55 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was larger.

The path of totality was visible from parts of modern-day southeastern Australia, Niue, the Cook Islands, Kiribati, Mexico. A partial solar eclipse was also visible for parts of Australia, Oceania, Hawaii, western North America, and Central America.

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Beznau Nuclear Power Plant
The Beznau nuclear power plant (German: Kernkraftwerk Beznau [KKB]) is a nuclear power plant of the Swiss energy utility Axpo, located in the municipality Döttingen, Canton of Aargau, Switzerland, on an artificial island in the Aare river. The plant has been operating since September 1969.

Aare
The Aare (Swiss Standard German: [ˈaːrɛ] ⓘ) or Aar (Swiss Standard German: [aːr] ⓘ) is the main tributary of the High Rhine (its discharge even exceeds that of the latter at their confluence) and the longest river that both rises and ends entirely within Switzerland.

Its total length from its source to its junction with the Rhine comprises about 295 kilometres (183 mi), during which distance it descends 1,565 m (5,135 ft), draining an area of 17,779 km2 (6,865 sq mi), almost entirely within Switzerland, and accounting for close to half the area of the country, including all of Central Switzerland.

There are more than 40 hydroelectric plants along the course of the Aare.

The river's name dates to at least the La Tène period, and it is attested as Nantaror "Aare valley" in the Berne zinc tablet.

The name was Latinized as Arula/Arola/Araris.
Fearnville
Fearnville is a small area of Leeds which has boundaries with Roundhay, Seacroft, Oakwood, Gipton and Harehills. Fearnville is commonly described as being part of Roundhay or Oakwood, although it is classed as being in the Killingbeck and Seacroft ward. Fearnville had a population of 3,654 in 2011.

Gipton
Gipton is a suburb of east Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, between the A58 to the north and the A64 to the south.

It is in the Gipton and Harehills ward of Leeds City Council and the Leeds East parliamentary constituency. The separate area and woodland of Gipton Wood is in Oakwood, north of Harehills and part of the Roundhay ward. Gipton’s residents are known as Giptonites.
William S. White
William Smith White (May 20, 1905 – April 30, 1994) was an American journalist between the 1920s and 1970s. During his career, White worked with the Austin Statesman from 1926 to 1945 and the New York Times from 1945 to 1958. Upon leaving the New York Times in 1958, White spent the remainder of his journalism career with the United Feature Syndicate until his 1973 retirement. Outside of journalism, White was a biographer who won the 1955 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography for The Taft Story. After writing works on Franklin D. Roosevelt and Lyndon B. Johnson throughout the 1960s, White received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969.

Pulitzer Prize for Biography
The Pulitzer Prize for Biography is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. The award honors "a distinguished and appropriately documented biography by an American author." Award winners receive US$15,000.

From 1917 to 2022, this prize was known as the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography and was awarded to a distinguished biography, autobiography or memoir by an American author or co-authors, published during the preceding calendar year. It is one of the original Pulitzers. The program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year.
Rose Leke
Rose Gana Fomban Leke is a Cameroonian malariologist and Emeritus Professor of Immunology and Parasitology at the University of Yaounde I. She was awarded the L'Oréal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science in 2024.

University of Yaoundé I
The University of Yaoundé I (French: Université de Yaoundé I) is a public university in Cameroon, located in the capital Yaoundé. It was formed in 1993 following a university reform that split the country's oldest university, the University of Yaoundé, into two separate entities: the University of Yaoundé I and the University of Yaoundé II.