hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Semantic amnesia
Semantic amnesia is a type of amnesia that affects semantic memory and is primarily manifested through difficulties with language use and acquisition, recall of facts and general knowledge. A patient with semantic amnesia would have damage to the temporal lobe.

Semantic memory
Semantic memory refers to general world knowledge that humans have accumulated throughout their lives. This general knowledge (word meanings, concepts, facts, and ideas) is intertwined in experience and dependent on culture. New concepts are learned by applying knowledge learned from things in the past.

Semantic memory is distinct from episodic memory—the memory of experiences and specific events that occur in one's life that can be recreated at any given point. For instance, semantic memory might contain information about what a cat is, whereas episodic memory might contain a specific memory of stroking a particular cat.

Semantic memory and episodic memory are both types of explicit memory (or declarative memory), or memory of facts or events that can be consciously recalled and "declared". The counterpart to declarative or explicit memory is implicit memory (also known as nondeclarative memory).
1954 Syrian coup d'état
The 1954 Syrian coup d'état took place in February of that year to overthrow the government of Adib Shishakli. Leading the anti-Shishakli movement were former President Atassi and the veteran Druze leader Sultan al-Atrash.

Sultan al-Atrash
Sultan al-Atrash (Arabic: سلطان الأطرش, romanized: Sulṭān al-ʾAṭrash; 5 March 1891 – 26 March 1982) was a Syrian nationalist revolutionary who led the Great Syrian Revolt against the French colonial administration in Syria. One of the most influential figures in Syrian and Druze history, he played a major role in deciding the destiny of Jabal al-Druze and of Syria in general.
Selmir (footballer)
Selmir dos Santos Bezerra (born August 23, 1979) is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Atlético Tubarão. He plays as a forward. Selmir is 182 cm tall and weighs 86 kg.

Selmir made his professional debut in 1997 for Central. Selmir has played for various clubs throughout his career. He also played for K-League sides Incheon United, Daegu FC, Chunnam Dragons and Daejeon Citizen. Selmir is Brazilian, but is yet to win any international caps for the Brazil national squad.

K League
K League (Korean: K리그) is South Korea's professional football league. It includes the first division K League 1 and the second division K League 2. Clubs competing in the K League have won a record total of twelve AFC Champions League titles, the top continental competition for Asian clubs.
Opening of the Judicial Year
The Opening of the Judicial Year, also called Opening of the Courts, is a solemn event that takes place every year in the Plennary Hall of the Supreme Court of Spain in front of the most relevant judicial and political authorities. This act, that marks the start of the judicial activities after the summer break, is chaired by the Monarch —in whose name justice is administered— and takes place in the first days of September, since the judicial year in Spain runs from September 1st, or the following business day, to July 31st of each calendar year.

Likewise, the President of the Supreme Court, the members of the General Council of the Judiciary, the judges of the Supreme Court, the Minister of Justice, the Attorney General of the State, the presidents of the High Courts of Justice and other judicial and political authorities of the country attend this event.

High courts of justice (Spain)
The superior courts of justice (Spanish: Tribunales Superiores de Justicia), or high courts of justice, are courts within the judicial system of Spain, whose territorial scope covers an autonomous community, as laid down in the Organic Law of Judicial Power (Ley Orgánica del Poder Judicial).

The Spanish Constitution of 1978 defined the territorial organization of the Spanish State as a hierarchy of municipalities, provinces and autonomous communities. The current decentralised administrative structure is known as a "regional state" or, in Spain, "State of the Autonomous Communities" (Estado de las autonomías).
Carolina Portesi Peroni
Carolina Portesi Peroni (born 11 May 2001) is an Italian ice dancer. With her former skating partner, Michael Chrastecky, she is the 2023 Italian national bronze medalist, a two-time Italian junior national champion (2020–21) and competed in the final segment at the 2020 World Junior Championships.

2020 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 2020 World Junior Figure Skating Championships were held in Tallinn, Estonia on March 2–8, 2020. Figure skaters competed for the title of junior world champion in men's singles, ladies' singles, pairs, and ice dance. The competition determined the entry quotas for each federation during the 2020–21 ISU Junior Grand Prix series and at the 2021 World Junior Championships.
Diamond Hill (Ireland)
Diamond Hill or Bengooria (Irish: Binn Ghuaire, meaning 'Guaire's peak') is an isolated peak overlooking the village of Letterfrack, in the northwest corner of the Twelve Bens in Connemara National Park in County Galway, Ireland. At only 442 metres (1,450 ft), it does not rank as an Arderin, or a Vandeleur-Lynam; however, it has the prominence to rank as a Marilyn.

Diamond Hill lies just west of Knockbrack and the small massif of Benbrack, and looks into the Polladirk valley, around which several major Bens are located. Despite its moderate size and isolation, compared to the nearby Twelve Bens, Diamond Hill is a popular peak due to its paths and boarded mountain trail, and relative ease of access, together with views of the core Twelve Bens range, and western Connemara.

Benbaun
Benbaun (Irish: Binn Bhán, meaning 'white peak') is a mountain in County Galway, Ireland. With a height of 729 metres (2,392 ft), it is the 72nd highest peak in Ireland on the Arderin scale, and the 88th highest peak on the Vandeleur-Lynam scale.  Benbaun is situated at the centre of the core massif of the Twelve Bens mountain range in the Connemara National Park  and is the tallest mountain of the Twelve Bens range, and the county top for Galway.
Mini Small Outline Package
The Mini Small Outline Package (MSOP) is a miniaturized version of the small outline integrated circuit packaging format for integrated circuits.
Some vendors, e.g. Texas Instruments, refer to this form factor as Very Thin Shrink Small Outline Package (VSSOP).

Small outline integrated circuit
A small outline integrated circuit (SOIC) is a surface-mounted integrated circuit (IC) package which occupies an area about 30–50% less than an equivalent dual in-line package (DIP), with a typical thickness being 70% less. They are generally available in the same pin-outs as their counterpart DIP ICs. The convention for naming the package is SOIC or SO followed by the number of pins. For example, a 14-pin 4011 would be housed in an SOIC-14 or SO-14 package.
Janie Dee
Janie Dee (born 20 June 1962) is a British actress. She won the Olivier Award for Best Actress, Evening Standard Award and Critics' Circle Theatre Award for Best Actress in a Play, and in New York the Obie and Theatre World Award for Best Newcomer, for her performance as Jacie Triplethree in Alan Ayckbourn's Comic Potential.

She also won the Olivier Award for Best Supporting Performance in a Musical for her performance as Carrie Pipperidge in Nicholas Hytner's acclaimed production of Rodgers & Hammerstein's Carousel at the National Theatre.

In 2013, Dee won the TMA Theatre Award UK for Best Performance in a Musical for her performance as Dolly Levi in Hello Dolly at Curve, Leicester.

Curve (theatre)
Curve, also known as Curve Theatre, is a theatre in Leicester, England, based in the cultural quarter in Leicester City Centre. Previously, it had been called Leicester Performing Arts Centre. It is adjacent to the Leicester Athena conference and banqueting centre.
Vandal Hearts: Flames of Judgment
Vandal Hearts: Flames of Judgment (ヴァンダルハーツ Flames of Judgment) is a turn-based, tactical role-playing video game by American developer Hijinx Studios for PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Arcade with a release date of January 20, 2010.

Tactical role-playing game
Tactical role-playing game (abbreviated TRPG), also known as strategy role-playing game or simulation RPG (both abbreviated SRPG), is a video game genre that combines core elements of role-playing video games with those of tactical (turn-based or real-time) strategy video games. The formats of tactical RPGs are much like traditional tabletop role-playing games and strategy games in appearance, pacing, and rule structure. Likewise, early tabletop role-playing games are descended from skirmish wargames such as Chainmail, which were primarily concerned with combat.
Michael Kulikowski
Michael Kulikowski (born September 3, 1970) is an American historian. He is a professor of history and classics and the head of the history department at Pennsylvania State University. Kulikowski specializes in the history of the western Mediterranean world of late antiquity. He is sometimes associated with the Toronto School of History and was a student of Walter Goffart.

Vienna School of History
The Vienna School of History is an influential school of historical thinking based at the University of Vienna. It is closely associated with Reinhard Wenskus, Herwig Wolfram and Walter Pohl. Partly drawing upon ideas from sociology and critical theory, scholars of the Vienna School have utilized the concept of ethnogenesis to reassess the notion of ethnicity as it applies to historical groups of peoples such as the Germanic tribes. Focusing on Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages, the Vienna School has a large publishing output, and has had a major influence on the modern analysis of barbarian identity.
Scomi
Scomi Group Berhad is a global service provider that is based in Selangor, Malaysia and is mainly involved in oil & gas, transport engineering and marine transportation.

Scomi Group Bhd is listed on the main board of Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad, and its group of companies are involved in oilfield services, public transportation and marine services. The group offers drilling fluids (DF) and related engineering services, drilling waste management (DWM) solutions, distribution of oilfield products and services, marine vessel services, machine shop services, transport engineering products involving special purpose vehicles, rail wagons, monorail vehicles and buses, supply of industrial and production chemicals and carbon dioxide (CO2) separation. The group was founded in 1961 and operates across 48 locations in 22 countries.

Bursa Malaysia
Bursa Malaysia (MYX or MSX; lit. 'Malaysian Bourse'  or 'Malaysia Exchange') is the stock exchange in Malaysia. It is one of the largest bourses in ASEAN. It is based in Kuala Lumpur and was previously known as the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE). It provides full integration of transactions, offering a wide range of currency exchange and related services, including trading, settlement, clearing and savings services.

Along with the Securities Commission of Malaysia, the stock exchange regulates the capital market in Malaysia and, through its facilities, upholds the duty to manage and maintain order in the trading of stocks, bonds and derivatives.
Zenkaikon
Zenkaikon is a multi-genre convention held during March at the Lancaster County Convention Center and Holiday Inn Lancaster in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The convention was formerly based around King of Prussia, Pennsylvania (a Philadelphia suburb). Zenkaikon's name is a portmanteau of Zentrancon (science-fiction convention) and Kosaikon (anime convention), created when they merged in 2006. The convention has an all-volunteer staff.

Lancaster County Convention Center
The Lancaster County Convention Center (LCCC) is a publicly owned convention center in the city of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA.  With initial site preparation in late 2006 and completion in the summer of 2009, the Lancaster County Convention Center is one of several projects intended to help revitalize downtown Lancaster.

The convention center is integrated with the Lancaster Marriott at Penn Square, Lancaster's tallest building. The architecture of the hotel lobby and "shared space" includes the façade of the former Watt & Shand department store building, which was at one time listed on the National Register of Historic Places

The approximate cost to construct the hotel and convention center was $177.6 million.
Gaby Wood
Gaby Wood, Hon. FRSL (born 1971), is an English journalist, author and literary critic who has written for publications including The Observer, The Daily Telegraph, London Review of Books, Granta, and Vogue. She is the literary director of the Booker Prize Foundation, appointed in succession to Ion Trewin and having taken over the post at the conclusion of the prize for 2015.

Granta
Granta is a literary magazine and publisher in the United Kingdom whose mission centres on its "belief in the power and urgency of the story, both in fiction and non-fiction, and the story's supreme ability to describe, illuminate and make real." In 2007, The Observer stated: "In its blend of memoirs and photojournalism, and in its championing of contemporary realist fiction, Granta has its face pressed firmly against the window, determined to witness the world."

Granta has published twenty-seven laureates of the Nobel Prize in Literature. Literature published by Granta has regularly won such prizes as the Forward Prize, T. S. Eliot Prize, Pushcart Prize and more.
Inside Problems
Inside Problems is the fourteenth solo studio album by American singer-songwriter Andrew Bird. It was released on June 3, 2022 through Loma Vista Recordings. Recording sessions took place at United Recording Studios in Hollywood and at Barebones Studios. Production was handled by Mike Viola. It featured contributions from Abraham Rounds, Alan Hampton, Jimbo Mathus, Madison Cunningham and Mike Viola. The album peaked at number 31 on the Top Album Sales chart in the United States, while the song "Make a Picture" off of the project reached number 25 on the Adult Alternative Airplay chart. It also made it to number 95 on the Swiss Hitparade.

Mike Viola
Michael Anthony Viola (born September 26, 1966) is an American producer, musician, songwriter, and singer, best known for his work with Panic! at the Disco, Andrew Bird, Ryan Adams, J.S. Ondara, Mandy Moore, and Jenny Lewis. His original music has been featured on soundtracks for movies such as That Thing You Do!, Walk Hard: The Dewey Cox Story, and Get Him to the Greek.

As a teenager in the early 1980s, Viola played Boston-area clubs with his band, the Bottom Line, and was billed as "Boston's youngest musical talent." His parents, Charlene and Larry Viola, bought his equipment and allowed their basement to be turned into a rehearsal room.

Viola got his major professional start in the mid-1990s as the musical architect for New York–based band Candy Butchers, releasing three critically acclaimed albums with RPM/Sony Records before focusing on music production.
Gardiner's burrowing skink
Gardiner's burrowing skink (Pamelaescincus gardineri) is a species of lizard in the family Scincidae. P. gardineri is the only species in the (monotypic) skink genus Pamelaescincus. The species is endemic to the Seychelles.

Skink
Skinks are lizards that constitute the family Scincidae, which is part of the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Skinks are characterized by their smaller legs in comparison to typical lizards and are found in different habitats except arctic and subarctic regions.
Uckfield Town F.C.
Uckfield Town F.C. was a football club based in Uckfield, East Sussex, England. For their final season, 2013–14, they were members of the Sussex County League (since renamed Southern Combination League), Division Three. They had four sides that play on Saturdays. They merged with second division club AFC Uckfield to create AFC Uckfield Town for the 2014-15 season and earned promotion in the merger's first year, starting the following season in the renamed league's renamed Division One, which became the Premier Division (Division Two became Division One).

Southern Combination Football League
The Southern Combination Football League (named Premier Sports Southern Combination Football League) is a football league broadly covering the counties of East Sussex, West Sussex, Surrey and South West London, England. The league consists of eight divisions – three for first teams (Premier Division, Division One and Division Two), two for Under 23 teams (East Division and West Division) and three for Under 18 teams (East Division, Central Division and West Division).
Zhalgas Zhumagulov
Zhalgas Zhumagulov (born August 29, 1988), is a Kazakh mixed martial artist who previously competed in the Flyweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. He is the current Flyweight champion of Oktagon MMA.

Oktagon MMA
Oktagon MMA is a mixed martial arts organization based in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, considered the largest Czech-Slovak organization. The founders and at the same time its owners are Pavol Neruda (formerly Šipkovský) and Ondřej Novotný.
Rankin's dragon
Rankin's dragon (Pogona henrylawsoni) is a species of Australian agamid lizard. It may also be called the pygmy bearded dragon , black-soiled bearded dragon or downs bearded dragon.

The specific epithet, henrylawsoni, is in honor of the Australian author, poet, and philosopher Henry Lawson.

Central bearded dragon
The central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps), also known commonly as the inland bearded dragon, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is native to eastern and central Australia. Its common name refers to the pouch under their chin that they can inflate and darken in coloration, similar to the frilled lizard. The bearded dragon grows to around up to 60 cm (24 in) from head to tail tip and can weigh 550 g (0.6 lb). Males are generally larger than females. The lizard's body is generally brown, tan, yellow, and red.
Fallah ibn Marwan
Fallah ibn Marwan (Berber: ⴼⴰⵍⵍⴰⵀ ⴱⵏ ⵎⵔⵡⴰⵏ), also known as Fallah ibn Marwan Abu Marzuq al-Kutami, was a Berber Fatimid leader and governor from the Kutama tribe. He was the father of Ja'far ibn Fallah.

Ja'far ibn Fallah
Ja'far ibn Fallah (Arabic: جعفر بن فلاح) or Abu al-Fadl al-Kutami, was a Fatimid military commander and governor from the Berber Kutama tribe. He led the conquest of Egypt alongside Jawhar, and was later entrusted with commanding the Fatimid army in the conquest of the Levant in 969 CE, to wrest the region from Ikhshidid control and Abbasid influence. He captured Damascus, Tripoli, Sidon and vast areas of the Levant, and established a system of governance in the territories he subjugated, and he was the first Fatimid ruler in the Islamic East.
Waycross micropolitan area
The Waycross Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA), as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in Georgia, anchored by the city of Waycross.

As of the 2000 census, the μSA had a population of 51,119 (though a July 1, 2009 estimate placed the population at 54,494).

Waycross, Georgia
Waycross is the county seat of and the only incorporated city in Ware County in the U.S. state of Georgia. The population was 13,942 in the 2020 census.

Waycross gets its name from the city's location at key railroad junctions; lines from six directions meet at the city.
Scheidt & Bachmann
Scheidt & Bachmann GmbH is a German multinational diversified manufacturing company, based in Mönchengladbach, North Rhine-Westphalia. It produces railway signalling systems, ticketing and fare collection equipment for public transport, parking facility management systems, and fuel retail equipment.

Scheidt & Bachmann was founded in 1872 and has its own production plants where a great amount of products are manufactured in-house.

Fare
A fare is the fee paid by a passenger for use of the public transport system: rail, bus, taxi, etc. In the case of air transport, the term airfare is often used. Fare structure is the system set up to determine how much is to be paid by various passengers using a transit vehicle at any given time. A linked trip is a trip from the origin to the destination on the transit system. Even if a passenger must make several transfers during a journey, the trip is counted as one linked trip on the system.
Pullback (category theory)
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a pullback (also called a fiber product, fibre product, fibered product or Cartesian square) is the limit of a diagram consisting of two morphisms f : X → Z and g : Y → Z with a common codomain. The pullback is written

P = X ×f, Z, g Y.

Usually the morphisms f and g are omitted from the notation, and then the pullback is written

P = X ×Z Y.

The pullback comes equipped with two natural morphisms P → X and P → Y.  The pullback of two morphisms f and g need not exist, but if it does, it is essentially uniquely defined by the two morphisms. In many situations, X ×Z Y may intuitively be thought of as consisting of pairs of elements (x, y) with x in X, y in Y, and f(x)  =  g(y). For the general definition, a universal property is used, which essentially expresses the fact that the pullback is the "most general" way to complete the two given morphisms to a commutative square.

The dual concept of the pullback is the pushout.

Commutative diagram
In mathematics, and especially in category theory, a commutative diagram is a diagram such that all directed paths in the diagram with the same start and endpoints lead to the same result. It is said that commutative diagrams play the role in category theory that equations play in algebra.
Roman Lozynskyi
Roman Mykhailovych Lozynskyi (Ukrainian: Роман Михайлович Лозинський; born 20 January 1994) is a Ukrainian politician and public figure, People's Deputy of Ukraine, First Deputy Head of the Committee on Service, Local Self-Government, Regional Development and Urban Planning of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (Ukraine's parliament), a member of Euronest Parliamentary Assembly. A former chairman of the Ukrainian Galician Party and a former member of the "Holos" ("Voice") political party. On 29 July 2021 Voice expelled Lozynskyi from the party.

In addition to his political career, he is a member of such public organizations as Plast, a national scout organization of Ukraine, and Running Ukraine, triathlete, marathon runner, сo-founder of the educational project "Young Elite School" in Lviv.

Holos (political party)
Holos (Ukrainian: Голос, pronounced [ˈɦɔlos] ⓘ, lit. 'Voice'  or 'Vote') is a liberal and pro-European political party in Ukraine, led by Kira Rudik. The group was founded by Ukrainian musician Svyatoslav Vakarchuk in May 2019.

The party won 20 seats in the 2019 parliamentary election, becoming part of the opposition in the 9th Ukrainian parliament. An observer-member of Liberal International, Holos is the first party with liberal ideology to enter the Ukrainian Parliament and form a faction. After the local elections in 2020, the party gained 350 seats in the local councils.