hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Matt Pottinger
Matthew Forbes Pottinger (/ˈpɒtɪndʒər/ POT-in-jər; born 1973) is an American former journalist and U.S. Marine Corps officer who served as the United States deputy national security advisor from September 22, 2019 to January 7, 2021. Previously Asia senior director on the National Security Council since 2017, his tenure was unusual among senior aides serving under President Trump for its length, given an administration marked by high turnover. Pottinger worked to develop the Trump administration's policies towards China.

Pottinger resigned in the afternoon of January 6, in response to the 2021 United States Capitol attack. He left the White House the following morning.

Pottinger currently serves as Chairman of the China Program at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD).

Pottinger is the CEO of Garnaut Global, a strategic advisory firm focused on geopolitics.

Pottinger is a Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution.

United States National Security Council
The United States National Security Council (NSC) is the national security council used by the president of the United States for consideration of national security, military, and foreign policy matters. Based in the White House, it is part of the Executive Office of the President of the United States, and composed of senior national security advisors and presidential cabinet officials.

Since its inception in 1947 by President Harry S. Truman, the function of the council has been to advise and assist the president on national security and foreign policies. It also serves as the president's principal arm for coordinating these policies among various government agencies. The council has subsequently played a key role in most major events in U.S. foreign policy, from the Korean War to the war on terror.
Kim Albrecht
Kim Albrecht is a German data artist, media artist, information designer, and scholar known for his critical and investigative data visualizations. He is a professor at the Folkwang University of the Arts, principle of metaLAB (at) Harvard, and co-founder of metaLAB (at) Berlin. Albrecht earned his Ph.D. from the University of Potsdam and is a faculty associate of the Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society. His project "Artificial Worldviews" was featured on the cover of the science magazine Nature's 10 in December 2023.

Information design
Information design is the practice of presenting information in a way that fosters an efficient and effective understanding of the information. The term has come to be used for a specific area of graphic design related to displaying information effectively, rather than just attractively or for artistic expression. Information design is closely related to the field of data visualization and is often taught as part of graphic design courses. The broad applications of information design along with its close connections to other fields of design and communication practices have created some overlap in the definitions of communication design, data visualization, and information architecture.

According to Per Mollerup, information design is explanation design. It explains facts of the universe and leads to knowledge and informed action.
Hasarius insularis
Hasarius insularis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Hasarius that lives on Socotra Island, Yemen. It was first described in 2002 by Wanda Wesołowska and Antonius van Harten. The spider is medium-sized, with a carapace that measures typically 4.5 mm (0.18 in) in length and an abdomen that is typically 5.9 mm (0.23 in) long. It has a cephalothorax that is mainly reddish-brown on top and yellowish on the bottom. The abdomen has dark topsides with a yellowish pattern and dark dots and patches underneath. It has copulatory organs that are similar to other species in the genus. The insemination ducts are relatively short and the spermathecae spherical, but they are both thicker than those found in other examples. The spider's name recalls a Latin word that means "insular".

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Pasalṭha
The Pasalṭha (lit. 'good husband', Mara: Pasaipha, Paite/Tedim: Salpha)  were a legendary class of warriors and military leaders among the Mizo people, known for their bravery, discipline, and embodiment of the Mizo ethical code, Tlâwmngaihna. This institution flourished from the medieval to the early modern period, symbolizing heroism and selflessness.

Famous Pasalṭha such as Vanapa, Khuangchera, Taitesena, Thanseia, and Keivawmhranga continue to inspire Mizos, with their stories romanticised and celebrated in song and folklore. However, the arrival of British colonial powers marked the decline of the Pasalṭha institution, as the British found their resistance formidable and sought to dismantle their influence.

Khuangchera
Pasalṭha Khuangchera was a distinguished Mizo warrior renowned for his valor and leadership during the late 19th century. He is celebrated for his resistance against British colonial forces in the Lushai Hills, present-day Mizoram, India.
LGBTQ rights in Kosovo
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) rights in Kosovo have improved in recent years, most notably with the adoption of the new Constitution, banning discrimination based on sexual orientation. Kosovo remains one of the few Muslim-majority countries that holds regular pride parades.

The Government of Kosovo is supportive of the country's LGBTQ community. In late 2013, the Parliament Assembly passed a bill to create a coordinating group for the LGBTQ community. On 17 May 2014, well-known politicians and diplomats, including British Ambassador Ian Cliff and several local LGBTQ organizations took to the streets of Pristina to march against homophobia. The event was welcomed by the European Union office in Kosovo, as well as by the government itself. A large LGBTQ flag covered the front side of the government building that night.

Government of Kosovo
The Government of Kosovo  (Albanian: Qeveria e Kosovës, Serbian: Влада Косова / Vlada Kosova) exercises executive authority in the Republic of Kosovo. It is composed of government ministers, and is led by the prime minister. The prime minister is elected by the Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo. Ministers are nominated by the prime minister and then confirmed by the assembly.

Albin Kurti is the current prime minister of Kosovo. His government, approved by the assembly and installed on March 22, 2021, consists of Albanians, as well as ministers from Kosovo's ethnic minorities, which include Bosniaks, Romani, Turks and Serbs. Although the government includes representatives of ethnic minorities, it is dominated by the Albanian majority, who have most influence on the decision-making.
Triclosan
Triclosan (sometimes abbreviated as TCS) is an antibacterial and antifungal agent present in some consumer products, including toothpaste, soaps, detergents, toys, and surgical cleaning treatments. It is similar in its uses and mechanism of action to triclocarban. Its efficacy as an antimicrobial agent, the risk of antimicrobial resistance, and its possible role in disrupted hormonal development remains controversial.  Additional research seeks to understand its potential effects on organisms and environmental health.

Triclosan was developed in 1966. A 2006 study recommended showering with 2% triclosan as a regimen in surgical units to rid patients' skin of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Decolonization (medicine)
Decolonization, also bacterial decolonization, is a medical intervention that attempts to rid a patient of an antimicrobial resistant pathogen, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus  (MRSA) or antifungal-resistant Candida.

By pre-emptively treating patients who have become colonized with an antimicrobial resistant organism, the likelihood of the patient going on to develop life-threatening healthcare-associated infections is reduced. Common sites of bacterial colonization include the nasal passage, groin, oral cavity and skin.
Zerodha
Zerodha Broking Ltd is an Indian brokerage and financial services company, based in Bengaluru. It offers an online trading platform that facilitates institutional and retail trading of stocks, derivatives, currencies, commodities, mutual funds and bonds. It is a member of the National Stock Exchange of India (NSE), Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), and the Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX).

Zerodha was founded and bootstrapped by brothers Nithin and Nikhil Kamath. As of May 2024, it has 7.5 million active customers registered with the NSE, making it the second largest stockbroker in India.

National Stock Exchange of India
National Stock Exchange of India Limited, also known as the National Stock Exchange (NSE), is an Indian stock exchange based in Mumbai.  It is the 5th largest stock exchange in the world by total market capitalization, exceeding $5 trillion in May 2024.

NSE is under the ownership of various financial institutions such as banks and insurance companies. As of 2024, it is the world's largest derivatives exchange by number of contracts traded and the third largest in cash equities by number of trades for the calendar year 2023.
Diamond Creek railway station
Diamond Creek station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne on the Hurstbridge line, which is part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the north-eastern suburb of Diamond Creek, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Diamond Creek station is a ground level unstaffed station, featuring two side platforms. It opened on 25 June 1912, with the current station provided in 2023.

Hurstbridge railway station
Hurstbridge station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne and the terminus of the Hurstbridge line, which is part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the north-eastern suburb of Hurstbridge, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Hurstbridge station is a ground level host station, featuring a single platform. It opened on 25 June 1912.

Initially opened as Hurst's Bridge, the station was given its current name of Hurstbridge on 9 December 1912.
Arup Kumar Goswami
Justice Arup Kumar Goswami (born 11 March 1961) is a retired Indian judge, a former chief justice of three high courts of India (Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh and Sikkim) and a former judge of the Gauhati High Court where he also served as Acting Chief Justice twice.

Sikkim High Court
The Sikkim High Court is the High Court of the Indian state of Sikkim. The history of the court can be traced back to 1955, when the High Court of Judicature (Jurisdiction and Powers) Proclamation, 1955 was issued to establish a High Court in Sikkim. Upon merger, Sikkim became the 22nd State of India. Under Clause (i) of Article 371F, the High Court functioning immediately prior to the date of merger became the High Court for the State of Sikkim under the Constitution like any other High Court in the country. It was established in 1975.

The seat of the court is at Gangtok, the administrative capital of the state. With a sanctioned court strength of three judges, the Sikkim High Court is the smallest High Court of India.
State Puppet Theatre of Fairy Tales
The Saint Petersburg State Puppet Theatre of Fairy Tales also known as the "Fairy Tale Theater" Russian: (Санкт-Петербургский государственный кукольный театр сказки) is an all-ages, Russian puppet theatre focused on imaginative, morallic performances based around personifying the world through quixotic fantasy and peaceful conditions. The theater currently has a repertoire comprised on 28 fairy tales, including "Aladdin and the magic lamp," "Aybolit," "The Wizard of Oz," and "Little Longnose." They are also recognized as one of the best puppet theaters in Russia. In 2017, the theater began offering educational classes as part of the project "Theater Time," launched for students in primary school all the way to grades 5-11 as a way to educate them on the profession of puppetry. They mostly cater to children due to the playful and charming nature of the puppet designs and performance themes, along with absence of harsh language or overly heavy subject matter.

Doctor Aybolit
Doctor Aybolit (Russian: Доктор Айболит, Doktor Aibolit) is a fictional character from the children's poems Aybolit (1929) and Barmaley (1925) by Korney Chukovsky, as well as from the children's fantastic novella Doctor Aybolit (1925) by the same author. The name may be translated as "Ai" ("Ouch"), "Bolit" ([it] hurts!)".
Tarsis Kabwegyere
Tarsis Bazana Kabwegyere  is a Ugandan sociologist, academic and politician. He is a former minister of general duties in the Ugandan cabinet. He was appointed to that position on 23 May 2013. From 15 August 2012 until 23 May 2013, he was the minister of gender, labour and social affairs. At first, the parliamentary committee vetting cabinet appointments rejected his selection, but after discussions between President Yoweri Museveni and Speaker Rebecca Kadaga, he was finally approved on 7 September 2012. Earlier, he was the minister of disaster relief and planning in the Ugandan cabinet, from 1 June 2006 until 27 May 2011. In the cabinet reshuffle of 27 May 2011, he was dropped from the cabinet and replaced by Stephen Mallinga. He was also the elected member of parliament representing Igara County West, Bushenyi District, from 1996 until 2011.

Parliament of Uganda
The Parliament of Uganda is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Uganda. One of its primary functions is to pass laws that support effective governance in the country. Government ministers are required to answer to the people's representatives on the floor of the house and may be appointed from amongst its members.

Through the various parliamentary committees, parliament scrutinises government programmes, particularly as outlined in the State of the Nation address by the president. Fiscal matters, such as taxation and loans, require parliamentary approval after appropriate debate.Parliament also holds the authority to confirm certain presidential nominations and, through a motion of censure, may compel a Minister to resign.
Barrios Altos
Barrios Altos is a neighbourhood which forms the eastern part of Lima District, part of the historic centre of the Peruvian city of Lima. It owes its name to the fact that, topographically, it is higher than the rest of the old part of the City, due to the elevation of the land that exists towards the Andes mountain range, which is evident in its streets to this day.

Despite its historical significance, the neighbourhood, in comparison to the Cercado de Lima, is in poor shape, as many buildings' façades are not maintained and the collapse of buildings in the area results in the terrains becoming abandoned instead of rebuilt. As a result, a project targeting the area has been announced by PROLIMA, the entity in charge of the project under the auspices of the Ministry of Culture and the Municipality of Lima.

Cercado de Lima
The Cercado de Lima ('Walled Lima'), Damero de Pizarro ('Pizarro's Checkerboard'),  or Lima Cuadrada ('Squared Lima') is an area of the historic center of Lima (capital of Peru) located within the old walls of the city.
Voice of Europe
Voice of Europe was a pro-Russian disinformation outlet and influence operation, originally established as an anti-immigration site in the Netherlands in 2016 by investors including Erik de Vlieger before going offline in 2019 and relaunching in May 2023 in Prague, Czech Republic. After the relaunch, it was directed by Ukrainian oligarch Viktor Medvedchuk through associate Artem Marchevskyi and disseminated propaganda to undermine support for Ukraine and sway European elections by promoting Eurosceptic and far-right views. Early in its 2023 relaunch phase, the operation expanded activities into Belgium, using it as a key hub for meetings, payments, and influencing politicians near EU institutions. In 2024, Czech intelligence Service (BIS) exposed it as a Russian-financed network suspected of bribing politicians across multiple EU countries, leading to EU sanctions and its shutdown. On 11 April 2024 the outlet has resumed its operations and is currently operating from Kazakhstan.

Security Information Service
The Security Information Service (BIS, Czech: Bezpečnostní informační služba) is the primary domestic national intelligence agency of the Czech Republic. It is responsible for collecting, analyzing, reporting and disseminating intelligence on threats to Czech Republic's national security, and conducting operations, covert and overt, both domestically and abroad. It also reports to and advises the Government of the Czech Republic on national security issues and situations that threaten the security of the nation.

The BIS headquarters is located in Stodůlky, Prague 5. The Security Information Service reports directly to the Government, Prime Minister and President of the Czech Republic and is overseen by the Permanent Commission of the Chamber of Deputies. It is under the command of the Government and organized militarily.
Flute Sonata in E minor (HWV 359b)
The Flute sonata in E minor (HWV 359b) was composed (c. 1724) by George Frideric Handel for flute and basso continuo. The work is also referred to as Opus 1 No. 1b, and was first published in 1732 by Walsh. Other catalogues of Handel's music have referred to the work as HG xxvii,6; and HHA iv/3,10.

The sonata was originally composed as a violin sonata in D minor (HWV 359a).

Of the two sonatas in the Chrysander edition as Opus 1 Sonata I, this one (Sonata Ib) is the one in the Walsh edition (where it is called Sonata I). Chrysander's Sonata Ia was compiled from manuscript sources. Chrysander's Sonata Ia and Sonata Ib have their first and fourth movements in common.

A typical performance of the work takes about seven minutes.

Handel solo sonatas (Walsh)
Solos for a German Flute a Hoboy or Violin with a Thorough Bass for the Harpsichord or Bass Violin Compos'd by Mr. Handel was published by John Walsh in 1732. It contains a set of twelve sonatas, for various instruments, composed by George Frideric Handel. The 63 page publication includes the sonatas that are generally known as Handel's Opus 1 (three extra "Opus 1" sonatas were added in a later edition by Chrysander).
Roderick Mackenzie of Terrebonne
Lt.-Colonel The Hon. Roderick Mackenzie of Terrebonne (c.1761 − August 15, 1844) was a Canadian fur trader, landowner and politician. He was a partner in the North West Company and a member of the Beaver Club at Montreal. He was a lifelong friend and the private confidant of his first cousin, Sir Alexander Mackenzie. He was an intellectual who established a library at Fort Chipewyan and both wrote and published works on the fur trade. In 1801 he made his home at Terrebonne, Quebec, purchasing the Seigneury in 1814, although he was forced by a court action to relinquish his title to the property in 1824. He continued to live there until his death. He held many public appointments, most notably as a member of the Legislative Council of Lower Canada.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.
Lady Mary Pelham (1816 ship)
Lady Mary Pelham was a brig launched in 1816 that initially worked as a Falmouth packet. After her modification to a barque she became part of the South Australia Company's fleet of 1836. She later served as a whaler and transport between Van Diemen's Land and Portland, Victoria. She was wrecked in 1849.

Portland, Victoria
Portland (/ˈpɔːrtlənd/ PORT-lənd) is a city in Victoria, Australia, and is the oldest European settlement in the state. It is also the main urban centre in the Shire of Glenelg and is located on Portland Bay. As of the 2021 census the population was 10,016, increasing from a population of 9,712 taken at the 2016 census.
Jus commune
Jus commune or ius commune is Latin for "common law" in certain jurisdictions. It is often used by civil law jurists to refer to those aspects of the civil law system's invariant legal principles, sometimes called "the law of the land" in English law. While the ius commune was a secure point of reference in continental European legal systems, in England it was not a point of reference at all. (Ius commune is distinct from the term "common law" meaning the Anglo-American family of law as opposed to the civil law family.) The phrase "the common law of the civil law systems" means those underlying laws that create a distinct legal system and are common to all its elements.

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
Johnny Brackins
Johnny Brackins Jr. (born July 29, 2003) is an American long jumper and hurdler and the 2024 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships winner in the long jump. Brackins was a former U.S. U20 champion in the long jump and bronze medallist in the 4 × 100 m at the 2022 World Athletics U20 Championships. Representing the USC Trojans, Brackins also finished runner-up in the 60 meter hurdles at the 2024 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships.

60 metres hurdles
60 metres hurdles is a distance in hurdling which is generally run in indoor competitions. It is equivalent with the first 5 hurdles of a standard outdoor hurdle race. The current women's and men's world records are 7.65 seconds (Devynne Charlton) and 7.27 seconds (Grant Holloway), respectively.
Weʽa
Weʽa or Wêʽa (Arabic: وع, Somali: Weeca) is a town in the Arta Region of Djibouti. It is located on the RN-1 National Highway, which connects it to Djibouti City, located some 37 kilometres (23 miles) to the east. Weʽa is the second largest city in the Arta Region after Arta and before Damerjog. It is the primary transportation hub in western Djibouti via highway. The town is situated in a small valley.

Djibouti City
Djibouti (also called Djibouti City and Jibuti in early Western texts) is the capital city of the Republic of Djibouti. It is located in the coastal Djibouti Region on the Gulf of Tadjoura.

Djibouti has a population of around 780,000 inhabitants, which counts for 73% of the country's population. The settlement was founded in 1888 by the French, on land leased from the ruling Somali and Afar Sultans. During the ensuing period, it served as the capital of French Somaliland and its successor the French Territory of the Afars and Issas.