hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maithili grammar
This page describes the grammar of Maithili language, which has a complex verbal system, nominal declension with a few inflections, and extensive use of honoroficity. It is an Indo-Aryan language, native to the Maithili people and is spoken in the Indian state of Bihar with some speakers in Jharkhand and nearby states. The language has a large number of speakers in Nepal too, which is second in number of speakers after Bihar, grouped under Bihari languages, often disputed by many liguists.

Maithili has the following characteristic morphological features:

Number is not grammatically marked.

Gender distinctions are also absent in verbs and pronouns, only marked optionally in nominals.

There is a lexical distinction of gender in the third person pronoun, that is only among animate and inanimate classes.

Transitive verbs are distinguished from intransitive verbs.

Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and many other languages present number categories of singular or plural. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements.

The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
Ching-kuo Memorial Hall
The Ching-kuo Memorial Hall (traditional Chinese: 經國先生紀念堂; simplified Chinese: 经国先生纪念堂; pinyin: Jīngguó Xiānshēng Jìniàn Táng) is a memorial hall dedicated to former President of the Republic of China Chiang Ching-kuo located in Nangan Township, Lienchiang County, Taiwan.

President of the Republic of China
The president of the Republic of China, also known as the president of Taiwan, is the head of state of the Republic of China (Taiwan), as well as the commander-in-chief of the Republic of China Armed Forces. Before 1949 the position had the authority of ruling over mainland China, but losing control of it after communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, the remaining jurisdictions of the ROC have been limited to Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and smaller islands.

Originally elected by the National Assembly, the presidency was intended to be a ceremonial office with no real executive power because the ROC was originally envisioned as a parliamentary republic. Since the 1996 election however, the president has been directly elected by plurality voting to a four-year term, with incumbents limited to serving two terms. The current president is Lai Ching-te of the Democratic Progressive Party, preceded by Tsai Ing-wen from the same party.
11gatsu no Anklet
"11gatsu no Anklet" (11月のアンクレット, Jūichi gatsu no ankuretto, "November's Anklet") is the 50th single by AKB48, released on November 22, 2017. The song was performed during CDTV's Halloween Special Festival and Mayu Watanabe's graduation concert before its release.

The coupling song "Ikiru koto ni Nekkyou wo" was performed on the group's variety show AKBingo! on October 4, 2017.

It is also Mayu Watanabe's last single appearance with the group.

Mayu Watanabe
Mayu Watanabe (渡辺 麻友, Watanabe Mayu; born March 26, 1994) is a Japanese retired singer and actress. Nicknamed Mayuyu (まゆゆ), her entertainment career was associated with the idol girl group AKB48 under Team B. In the annual AKB48 General Elections event, she had consistently been voted by fans to rank among the group's top members. She has released five solo singles, many of which have peaked in the top ten on the Oricon charts, and one solo album. She left the group on the last day of 2017 and the first day of 2018, and pursued an acting career until she retired from the entertainment industry in June 2020.
Rudrabhisheka
Rudrabhisheka (Sanskrit: रुद्राभिषेक) is a Vedic ritual dedicated to Lord Shiva. During the Rudrabhisheka ritual, Gangajal (Achhinjal), honey, milk, water, Panchamrit and curd are offered to Lord Shiva. It is generally offered on Monday to Shivalinga in a Shiva temple in the Indian subcontinent. According to Hindu adherents, it is believed that by performing Rudrabhisheka on this day, Lord Shiva fulfills all the wishes quickly. It is performed under the guidance of a learned Brahmin. It is also performed on the occasion of the festival Mahashivratri dedicated to Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati. The importance of Rudrabhisheka is more on the day of the Mahashivratri festival.

Achhinjal
Achhinjal (Maithili: अछिनजल) is a term used for sacred water in the Mithila region of the Indian subcontinent. It is used in Hindu religious rituals and worship purposes. It is kept in lota which is a globular water vessel generally made of brass. In the tradition of Mithila, once water is intended Achhinjal for worship, becomes impure if used for any other purpose.
Suicide among LGBTQ people
Research has found that attempted suicide rates and suicidal ideation among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) people are significantly higher than among the general population.

This disparity in suicide attempts and ideation can be attributed to several factors. Minority stressors in the form of discrimination, violence, and internalized stigma contribute to the poor mental health of LGBTQ people. For LGBTQ youth, risk factors such as bullying, abuse, negative family treatment, as well as negative emotions caused by anti-LGBTQ legislation have also been identified.

Increased social, family, and peer support, LGBTQ-friendly policies, and access to inclusive healthcare services and gender-affirming care have been recommended to decrease the risk of suicide in LGBTQ people.

Minority stress
Minority stress describes high levels of stress faced by members of stigmatized minority groups.  It may be caused by a number of factors, including poor social support and low socioeconomic status; well understood causes of minority stress are interpersonal prejudice and discrimination. Indeed, numerous scientific studies have shown that when minority individuals experience a high degree of prejudice, this can cause stress responses (e.g., high blood pressure, anxiety) that accrue over time, eventually leading to poor mental and physical health. Minority stress theory summarizes these scientific studies to explain how difficult social situations lead to chronic stress and poor health among minority individuals.
Augusta Regional Airport
Augusta Regional Airport (Augusta Regional Airport at Bush Field) (IATA: AGS, ICAO: KAGS, FAA LID: AGS) is a city-owned public airport six miles (11 km) south of Augusta, in Richmond County, Georgia, United States.

In 2000, Bush Field Airport changed its name to Augusta Regional Airport. The airport opened a new passenger terminal in December 2007 and renovated the entire property, designed by the LPA Group. In 2008, the airport adopted the marketing slogan ‘Fly There, Fly Home’ in a campaign emphasizing convenient regional connections.

Fort Gordon
Fort Gordon, formerly known as Fort Eisenhower and Camp Gordon, is a United States Army installation established southwest of Augusta, Georgia in October 1941. Named in honor of Medal of Honor recipient Gary Gordon, it is the current home of the United States Army Signal Corps, United States Army Cyber Command, and the Cyber Center of Excellence as well as the National Security Agency/Central Security Service' Georgia Cryptologic Center (NSA Georgia or NSAG). It was once the home of the Provost Marshal General School and Civil Affairs School. Fort Gordon is one of the largest US Army installations in the world with more than 16,000 military service members and 13,500 civilian personnel assigned to it.

One of the major components of the installation is Advanced Individual Training for Signal Corps military occupational specialties. Signals Intelligence has become more visible and comprises more and more of the post's duties.
1914 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1914 Michigan Wolverines football team represented the University of Michigan in the 1914 college football season. In their 14th season under head coach Fielding H. Yost, the Wolverines won their first five games by a combined score of 180 to 10, including three shutouts. They then lost three of the final four games to finish with a 6–3 record.

Michigan halfback John Maulbetsch was a consensus first-team selection for the 1914 College Football All-America Team.  Two other Michigan players, center James Raynsford and quarterback Tommy Hughitt, were named to Outing magazine's Football Roll of Honor. Raynsford was the team captain, and Hughitt was selected as the team's most valuable player.

1914 All-America college football team
The 1914 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1914 college football season. The only selectors for the 1914 season who have been recognized as "official" by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) are Walter Camp, whose selections were published in Collier's Weekly, and the International News Service (INS), a newswire founded by William Randolph Hearst.

Although not recognized by the NCAA, many other sports writers, newspapers, and coaches selected All-America teams in 1914.  They include Vanity Fair, Parke H. Davis, Walter Eckersall, The New York Globe, the New York Herald, the New York Evening Mail, the Atlanta Constitution, the Detroit Evening News, The Boston Post, and  The Philadelphia Inquirer.
Calima culture
Calima culture (200 BCE–400 CE) is a series of pre-Columbian cultures from the Valle del Cauca in Colombia.

The four societies that successively occupied the valley and make up Calima culture are the Ilama, Yotoco, Sonso, and Malagana cultures.

The Calima Darién Archaeological Museum and the Calima Gold Museum feature artifacts from the Calima culture.

Malagana
Malagana, also known as the Malagana Treasure is an archaeological site of Colombia named after a sugarcane estate where it was accidentally discovered in 1992. During the few days after its discovery, the place was subject to a large scale looting with a rough estimate of 4 tons of pre-Columbian artifacts illegally removed from the burial mounds.  A rescue archaeological mission was sent by the National Institute of Anthropology and History (ICANH), led by archaeologist Marianne Cardale de Schrimpff. Archaeological excavations at the site established a previously unknown cultural complex, designated as Malagana-Sonsoid, that dates between 300 BC to 300 AD.
Andrew Hamilton (footballer, born 1882)
Andrew Hamilton (10 June 1882 – 20 July 1915) was a Scottish professional footballer who made one appearance as a forward in the Scottish League for Aberdeen. He also made 15 appearances for the club in the Northern and East of Scotland Leagues.

Northern Football League (Scotland)
The Northern League was a regional Scottish football competition held between 1891 and 1920.

In 1908–09, six clubs left to form the Central Football League and the league shut down for the First World War, returning for a final season in 1919–20.

Dundee 'A' won the title five times, also sharing it on a sixth occasion.
Edward Edwards (librarian)
Edward Edwards (1812–1886) was a British librarian, library historian, and biographer. He was an important figure in the establishment of free libraries in the United Kingdom. He died and is buried in Niton on the Isle of Wight.

Niton
Niton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Niton and Whitwell, on the Isle of Wight, England. It is west of Ventnor, with a population of 2,082. It has two pubs, several churches, a pottery workshop and shop, a pharmacy, a busy volunteer-run library, a medical centre and two local shops including a post office. The post office includes a pub and café that serves as a local meeting place. The village also offers a primary school with a co-located pre-school and nursery.
Gwenllian Lansdown
Gwenllian Lansdown Davies (born 1979) is a former Welsh Plaid Cymru politician, a former County Councillor for Riverside, and Chief Executive of Plaid Cymru between 2007 and 2011. She is currently the Chief Executive of Mudiad Ysgolion Meithrin  (the "Nursery Schools Movement").

Mudiad Meithrin
Mudiad Meithrin (Welsh for 'nursery movement'), formerly Mudiad Ysgolion Meithrin ('nursery schools movement') is a voluntary movement specialising in the provision of Welsh-medium early years education, including nursery groups. It aims to give every young child in Wales the opportunity to benefit from early years services and experiences through the medium of Welsh. These voluntary groups are often crucial in the subsequent establishment of a Welsh-medium primary school in the area. The movement is particularly active in anglicised areas of Wales and has grown considerably since the 1970s. In 2011, the organisation's 40th birthday, it was renamed Mudiad Meithrin.
Path of Saint Charles
The Path of Saint-Charles (Cammino di San Carlo) is an historical, artistic and devotional route in Italy which follows the travels of Saint Charles Borromeo from Arona, his native town, and Viverone, where the path joins the Via Francigena.

The 200 km may be divided into 12 stages for walkers and in four stages for bikers.

This path is one of the most important routes of CoEur - In the heart of European paths.

Via Francigena
The Via Francigena (Italian: [ˈviːa franˈtʃiːdʒena]), also known as Francisca or Romea, is an ancient itinerary and pilgrimage route running from the cathedral city of Canterbury in England, through France and Switzerland, to Rome and then to Apulia, Italy, where there were ports of embarkation for the Holy Land. It was known in Italy as the Via Francigena ("the road that comes from France") or the Via Romea Francigena ("the road to Rome that comes from France"). In medieval times it was an important road and pilgrimage route for those wishing to visit the Holy See and the tombs of the apostles Peter and Paul.
Constantine Mesopotamites
Constantine Mesopotamites (Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος Μεσοποταμίτης) was a senior Byzantine official, and de facto chief minister under the emperors Isaac II Angelos and Alexios III Angelos from 1193 until his fall in summer 1197. He was also archbishop of Thessalonica from c. 1197 until c. 1227, but was in exile between 1204 and 1224, when the city was occupied by Latin Crusaders. Restored to his see, he refused to crown Theodore Komnenos Doukas as emperor, and departed his see again in self-exile. He was also a colleague and correspondent of the historian Niketas Choniates, and may have commissioned some of the latter's works.

Niketas Choniates
Niketas or Nicetas Choniates (Medieval Greek: Νικήτας Χωνιάτης; c. 1155 – 1217), whose actual surname was Akominatos (Ἀκομινάτος), was a Byzantine Greek historian and politician. He accompanied his brother Michael Akominatos to Constantinople from their birthplace Chonae (from which came his nickname, "Choniates" meaning "person from Chonae"). Nicetas wrote a history of the Eastern Roman Empire from 1118 to 1207.
James Campbell Reddie
James Campbell Reddie WS (26 November 1807 – 4 July 1878) was a 19th-century British solicitor, collector and author of pornography, who, writing as "James Campbell", worked for the publisher William Dugdale.  According to Henry Spencer Ashbee, Reddie was self-taught and viewed his works from a philosophical point of view.

Society of Writers to His Majesty's Signet
The Society of Writers to His Majesty's Signet is a private society of Scottish solicitors, dating back to 1594 and part of the College of Justice. Writers to the Signet originally had special privileges in relation to the drawing up of documents required to be signeted, but these have since disappeared and the society is now an independent, non-regulatory association of solicitors. The society maintains the Category A listed Signet Library, part of the Parliament House complex in Edinburgh, and members of the society are entitled to the postnominal letters WS.
High Life (Wayne Shorter album)
High Life is an album by jazz saxophonist Wayne Shorter, released on Verve Records in 1995. It won the Grammy Award in 1996 for Best Contemporary Jazz Performance. Some of the musicians include keyboardist Rachel Z, guitarist David Gilmore, bassist Marcus Miller, percussionists Lenny Castro and Airto and drummer Will Calhoun of Living Colour.

Airto Moreira
Airto Guimorvan Moreira (born August 5, 1941) is a Brazilian jazz drummer, composer and percussionist. He is married to jazz singer Flora Purim, and their daughter Diana Moreira is also a singer. Coming to prominence in the late 1960s as a member of the Brazilian ensemble Quarteto Novo, he moved to the United States and worked in jazz fusion with Miles Davis, Return to Forever, Weather Report and Santana.
Colt Ace
The Colt Ace or Colt Service Model Ace is a Colt Model 1911-derived semi-automatic firearm chambered for the .22 Long Rifle cartridge instead of .45 ACP.  It was created in 1931 and produced through 1947 to allow inexpensive and low-recoil sub-caliber training while maintaining the feel of the military Model 1911 pistol.

.22 long rifle
The .22 Long Rifle, also known as the .22 LR or 5.7×15mmR, is a long-established variety of .22 caliber rimfire ammunition originating from the United States. It is used in a wide range of firearms including rifles, pistols, revolvers and submachine guns.  It is a well-established small game round, but is not typically used for hunting larger game as it lacks the necessary stopping power.

In terms of quantities sold, the .22 Long Rifle is by far the most common ammunition that is currently manufactured and sold in the world. Common uses include hunting and shooting sports. Ammunition produced in .22 Long Rifle is effective at short ranges, has little recoil, and is inexpensive to purchase, making it ideal for plinking and marksmanship training.
A Fistful of Peril
A Fistful of Peril is the third studio album by American hip hop trio Czarface, which consists of rapper and Wu-Tang Clan member Inspectah Deck and underground hip hop duo 7L & Esoteric. It was released on October 25, 2016 via Silver Age. The album features guest appearances from Blacastan, Conway The Machine, Jesus Chrysler, Meyhem Lauren, Psycho Les and Rast RFC.

Conway the Machine
Demond Price (born February 16, 1982), known professionally as Conway the Machine, or simply Conway, is an American rapper and co-founder of the hip hop label Griselda Records, alongside his paternal half-brother Westside Gunn and cousin Benny the Butcher. Acclaimed for his 1990s inspired, dark and gritty lyricism, he rose to prominence following his mixtape Reject 2 (2015) and debut studio album From King to a God (2020). His second album, God Don't Make Mistakes (2022), was released by Shady Records, and met with universal acclaim.

Conway announced his departure from Shady and Griselda Records in February 2022, and has since founded his own label, Drumwork. He has since continued his collaborations with Gunn, as well as their cousin Benny the Butcher.
Benedict Spinola
Benedict Spinola  (1519/20 – 1580),  born in Genoa and died in London,  was a 16th-century Genoese merchant of the Spinola family who lived his whole adult life in  the City of London, the principal seaport of the Kingdom of England. Beginning his career as a clerk, he rose to become an exporter of woollen cloths and importer of wines and also served the English government as an agent and financier.

He never married and died of the plague in London in August 1580, shortly after his return from a mission to the Seventeen Provinces.

Seventeen Provinces
The Seventeen Provinces (Dutch: Zeventien Provinciën, French: Dix-Sept Provinces, Spanish: Diecisiete Provincias) was a term used to describe the Spanish Netherlands before the Dutch Revolt, when they were at their largest extent. They covered most of the Low Countries, i.e., what is now the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and most of the French departments of Nord (French Flanders and French Hainaut) and Pas-de-Calais (Artois).

The Seventeen Provinces arose from the Burgundian Netherlands, a number of fiefs held by the House of Valois-Burgundy and inherited by the House of Habsburg in 1482, and held by Habsburg Spain from 1556. Starting in 1512, the Provinces formed the major part of the Burgundian Circle. In 1581, many of these provinces seceded to form what would eventually become the Dutch Republic.
Ruan Steenkamp
Ruan Steenkamp (born 2 February 1993) is a South African rugby union player for the Bulls in Super Rugby, the Griquas (rugby union) in the Currie Cup and the Blue Bulls XV in the Rugby Challenge. His regular position is flanker or number eight.

Bulls (rugby union)
The Bulls (known for sponsorship reasons as the Vodacom Bulls) are a South African professional rugby union team based in Pretoria. They play their home matches at Loftus Versfeld. They compete in the United Rugby Championship, having competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020 and the domestic Currie Cup competition.

The side won the Super 14 in 2007, 2009 and 2010, placing them among the most successful teams in Super Rugby history with three titles. They were the most successful team of the Super 14 era (2006–10), winning three out of the five titles. They are the most successful South African team, and the only South African team to win a Super Rugby title.

Formerly known as Northern Transvaal the side has competed in the Currie Cup since 1937 before becoming the Bulls in 1997.
2014 Canary Wharf Squash Classic
The Canary Wharf Squash Classic 2014 is the 2014's Canary Wharf Squash Classic, which is a tournament of the PSA World Tour event International (Prize money : 50 000 $). The event took place at the East Wintergarden in London in England from 24 March to 28 March. Nick Matthew won his fourth Canary Wharf Squash Classic trophy, beating James Willstrop in the final.

Canary Wharf Squash Classic
The Canary Wharf Squash Classic is an annual international squash tournament for male professional players, held at the East Wintergarden in Canary Wharf on the Isle of Dogs, London, England.

The event was first held in 2004, when it was an invitational event involving eight of the world's leading players. The tournament continued in the same format in 2005. In 2006, the Canary Wharf Classic became a Professional Squash Association (PSA) Tour tournament, with qualifying rounds and a main draw of 16 players.

In 2004, the final was a best-of-seven-games match. In 2005, it changed to a best-of-five-games format.
Integral linear operator
In mathematical analysis, an integral linear operator is a linear operator T given by integration; i.e.,

where  is called an integration kernel.

More generally, an integral bilinear form is a bilinear functional that belongs to the continuous dual space of , the injective tensor product of the locally convex topological vector spaces (TVSs) X and Y. An integral linear operator is a continuous linear operator that arises in a canonical way from an integral bilinear form.

These maps play an important role in the theory of nuclear spaces and nuclear maps.

Injective tensor product
In functional analysis, an area of mathematics, the injective tensor product is a particular topological tensor product, a topological vector space (TVS) formed by equipping the tensor product of the underlying vector spaces of two TVSs with a compatible topology. It was introduced by Alexander Grothendieck and used by him to define nuclear spaces. Injective tensor products have applications outside of nuclear spaces: as described below, many constructions of TVSs, and in particular Banach spaces, as spaces of functions or sequences amount to injective tensor products of simpler spaces.