hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maurice Bigelow
Maurice Alpheus Bigelow (December 8, 1872 in Milford Center, Ohio,-1955) was an American social hygienist, early sex-educator and eugenist. He received his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1901. He served as president of the American Eugenics Society from 1940 until 1945, as director of the School of Practical Arts at Columbia University Teacher’s College and was affiliated with the American Federation for Sex Hygiene.

His mother was Hattie R. Bigelow (July 5, 1852 – June 27, 1937), and his father was Alpheus Bigelow.

Social hygiene movement
The social hygiene movement was an attempt by reformers in the late 19th and early 20th century to deal with problems that were seen to have a social background, including venereal disease, tuberculosis, alcoholism and mental illness. Social hygienists emphasized strict self-discipline as a solution to societal ills and often blamed problems on rapid urbanization. The movement continued throughout much of the 20th century.
Menna Elfyn
Menna Elfyn FRSL, FLSW (born 1951) is a Welsh poet, playwright, columnist, and editor who writes in Welsh. She has been widely commended and translated. She was imprisoned for her campaigning as a Welsh-language activist.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
Institut Redouté-Peiffer
The Institut Redouté-Peiffer is a secondary technical and professional school in Anderlecht, in the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. It is under the control of the French Community Commission (French: Communautaire Française, pronounced "COCOF"), and was previously the provincial college of the Province of Brabant.

It was created from the merger of the Pierre-Joseph Redouté Institute and the Serge Peiffer Institute. It is best known for its main subjects of horticulture and applied science.

Province of Brabant
The Province of Brabant (/brəˈbænt/, US also /brəˈbɑːnt, ˈbrɑːbənt/; Dutch: [ˈbraːbɑnt] ⓘ) was a province in Belgium from 1830 to 1995. It was created in 1815 as South Brabant, part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. In 1995, it was split into the Dutch-speaking Flemish Brabant, the French-speaking Walloon Brabant and the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region.
Same-sex marriage in Gibraltar
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Gibraltar since 15 December 2016. A bill for the legalisation of same-sex marriages was approved 15–0 by the Parliament on 26 October 2016 and received royal assent on 1 November 2016. Gibraltar was the sixth British Overseas Territory to legalise same-sex marriage, after South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Akrotiri and Dhekelia, the British Indian Ocean Territory, the Pitcairn Islands, and the British Antarctic Territory.

Gibraltar has also recognised civil partnerships providing similar rights and responsibilities to those of marriage since 28 March 2014.

Gibraltar Parliament
36°08′27″N 5°21′14″W﻿ / ﻿36.140775°N 5.353758°W﻿ / 36.140775; -5.353758

The Gibraltar Parliament is the legislature of the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Between 1969 and 2006, it was called the Gibraltar House of Assembly.
Pentazonia
Pentazonia is a taxonomic infraclass of millipedes containing the pill-millipedes (Oniscomorpha) which can roll into a ball and the order Glomeridesmida which cannot. Defining traits (apomorphies) include divided sternites, a labrum with single median tooth, and an enlarged pygidium on the hind-most body segment. Pentazonia is in the dominant millipede subclass Chilognatha which have a calcified exoskeleton and modified sperm-transferring legs in males. In contrast to the Helminthomorpha – the other Chilognathan infraclass, the sperm-transferring legs are located on posterior body segments and known as telopods. Pentazonians are relatively short-bodied, with between 13 and 21 body segments. The Pentazonia contains one extinct order, Amynilyspedida, often referred to the Oniscomorpha.

Pill millipede
Pill millipedes are any members of two living (and one extinct) orders of millipedes, often grouped together into a single superorder, Oniscomorpha. The name Oniscomorpha refers to the millipedes' resemblance to certain woodlice (Oniscidea), also called pillbugs or roly-polies. However, millipedes and woodlice are not closely related (belonging to the subphyla Myriapoda and Crustacea, respectively); rather, this is a case of convergent evolution.
Daniel Lacroix
Daniel Lacroix (born March 11, 1969) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and coach. He played in the National Hockey League with five teams between 1993 and 2000. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1989 to 2002, was spent in various minor leagues. After retiring as a player, he became a coach, working for many teams.

In December 2019, he was named the head coach of the Moncton Wildcats in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. He was an assistant coach for the Montreal Canadiens until April 27, 2018, to become head coach of the Lithuanian national team. Lacroix was drafted by the New York Rangers in the second round, 33rd overall, of the 1989 NHL Entry Draft. A seven-year NHL veteran left wing, Lacroix played for the New York Rangers, Boston Bruins, Philadelphia Flyers, Edmonton Oilers, and the New York Islanders.

Lithuania men's national ice hockey team
The Lithuanian national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of Lithuania. The team is overseen by Lithuanian Ice Hockey Federation who is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). Lithuania is ranked 24th in the IIHF World Rankings. They have never competed in an Olympic Games.
Take No Prisoners (film)
Take No Prisoners is a 2025 American documentary film co-produced by Vanity Fair Studios and P3 Media. The film examines international hostage negotiations, focusing on Roger Carstens—the former U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs—and his efforts to secure the release of Americans held captive overseas. The documentary is based on a Vanity Fair article by Adam Ciralsky and is co-directed by Ciralsky and Subrata De. Bernice King was an executive producer. The film premiered at South by Southwest (SXSW) in 2025.

Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs
The special presidential envoy for hostage affairs, or more formally the Office of the Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs, was established in 2015, by an executive order pertaining to the recovery of U.S. hostages held by non-state actors and of U.S. citizens wrongfully detained by foreign states. The Special Presidential Envoy leads and coordinates activities across the Executive Branch to bring home those Americans. The position was created in 2015 during the Obama administration.

In February 2020, President Trump announced his intention to appoint Roger D. Carstens as the next special presidential envoy.

In January of 2021, incoming President Joseph R. Biden and incoming Secretary of State Antony Blinken requested that Roger Carstens stay on into the Biden administration.

During Trump's second presidential transition, he nominated Adam Boehler to that position, but he withdrew after it was leaked that he met Hamas representatives in Qatar.
Pyotr Sergiev
Pyotr Grigoryevich Sergiev (Russian: Пётр Григорьевич Сергиев; 10 July 1893 – 12 July 1973) was a Soviet parasitologist and epidemiologist, Fellow of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences (1944), professor, public health organizer, malariologist working with World Health Organization. In addition, he was awarded the Hero of Socialist Labour and two Stalin Prizes.

Hero of Socialist Labour
The Hero of Socialist Labour (Russian: Герой Социалистического Труда, romanized: Geroy Sotsialisticheskogo Truda) was an honorific title in the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact countries from 1938 to 1991. It represented the highest degree of distinction in the USSR and was awarded for exceptional achievements in Soviet industry and culture. It provided a similar status to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, which was awarded for heroic deeds, but differed in that it was not awarded to foreign citizens.
Difluoride
Difluorides are chemical compounds with two fluorine atoms per molecule (or per formula unit).

Metal difluorides are all ionic. Despite being highly ionic, the alkaline earth metal difluorides generally have extremely high lattice stability and are thus insoluble in water. The exception is beryllium difluoride. In addition, many transition metal difluorides are water-soluble.

Calcium difluoride is a notable compound.  In the form of the mineral fluorite it is the major source of commercial fluorine.  It also has an eponymic crystal structure, which is an end member of the spectrum starting from bixbyite and progressing through pyrochlore.

Beryllium fluoride
Beryllium fluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula BeF2. This white solid is the principal precursor for the manufacture of beryllium metal. Its structure resembles that of quartz, but BeF2 is highly soluble in water.
Imsland Municipality
Imsland is a former municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. The 90.9-square-kilometre (35.1 sq mi) municipality existed from 1923 until its dissolution in 1965. The area is now divided between Suldal Municipality and Vindafjord Municipality in the traditional district of Haugaland. The administrative centre was the village of Imslandsjøen.

Prior to its dissolution in 1965, the 90.9-square-kilometre (35.1 sq mi) municipality was the 427th largest by area out of the 525 municipalities in Norway. Imsland Municipality was the 520th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 445. The municipality's population density was 4.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (13/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 20.4% over the previous 10-year period.

Suldal
Suldal is a municipality in the northeast corner of Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Ryfylke. Since 1965, the administrative centre of Suldal is the village of Sand i Ryfylke (prior to that it was the village of Suldalsosen). Other villages in Suldal include Erfjord, Jelsa, Marvik, Nesflaten, Vanvik, and Suldalsosen.

The 1,737-square-kilometre (671 sq mi) municipality is the 46th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Suldal is the 210th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,815. The municipality's population density is 2.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (6.2/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 1.5% over the previous 10-year period.
Woltemade Decoration for Bravery, Gold
The Woltemade Decoration for Bravery, Gold is the senior of two classes of a South African civil decoration for acts of bravery. It replaced the Union of South Africa King's Medal for Bravery, Gold and Union of South Africa Queen's Medal for Bravery, Gold, the award of which had been discontinued in 1952 and 1961 respectively.

Union of South Africa King's Medal for Bravery, Gold
The Union of South Africa King's Medal for Bravery, Gold was the highest South African civilian decoration during the period between 1910 and 1961, when the country was a constitutional monarchy in the British Commonwealth. The medal was instituted by King George VI on 23 June 1939.
G. V. Anjaneyulu
Gonuguntla Venkat Shiva Sita Rama Anjaneyulu (born 14 July 1966) is an Indian politician who was elected as the Member of the Legislative Assembly for Vinukonda constituency in Andhra Pradesh, India in 2009. He represents the Telugu Desam Party.

Telugu Desam Party
The Telugu Desam Party (abbr. TDP; transl. Party of the Telugu Land) is an Indian regional political party primarily active in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It was founded by Telugu matinée idol N. T. Rama Rao (NTR) on 29 March 1982 and has focused on supporting Telugu people. The party has won a five-time majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the ruling party in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

From 1 September 1995, the TDP was led by N. T. Rama Rao's son-in-law, Nara Chandra Babu Naidu as the national president of the party. The headquarters of the party is called N. T. R. Bhavan, which is located at Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh.
Tad Martin
Tad Martin is a fictional character from the American daytime drama, All My Children. Tad was played by three actors, according to the age of the character: Matthew Anton, John E. Dunn, and Michael E. Knight. Knight has portrayed the role on and off from 1983 until the series finale in 2011. Tad represents the good on the show, often butting heads with "villains" like Adam Chandler. He is perhaps the best male friend to Erica Kane. His relationship with Dixie Cooney made them a favorite of fans, reaching supercouple status. Under secrecy, Knight returned for the first-season finale of Prospect Park's version of All My Children on September 2, 2013.

Erica Kane
Erica Kane is a fictional character from the American ABC Daytime soap opera All My Children. The character was portrayed by actress Susan Lucci from her debut on January 16, 1970, until the last broadcast television episode on September 23, 2011. Lucci was expected to guest star on Prospect Park's continuation of All My Children in 2013, but the appearance never came to fruition due to the show's second cancellation.

Erica is considered to be the most popular character in American soap opera history. TV Guide calls her "unequivocally the most famous soap opera character in the history of daytime TV," and included her in their 2013 list of The 60 Nastiest Villains of All Time.
Nita Lowey
Nita Sue Lowey (/ˈloʊi/ LOH-ee; née Melnikoff; July 5, 1937 – March 15, 2025) was an American politician who served as a U.S. representative from New York from 1989 until 2021. She was a member of the Democratic Party. Lowey also served as co-dean of the New York congressional delegation, along with former U.S. Representative Eliot Engel. Lowey's district was numbered as the 20th from 1989 to 1993, as the 18th from 1993 to 2013, and as the 17th beginning in 2013. The district included many of New York City's inner northern suburbs, such as White Plains, Purchase, Tarrytown, Mount Kisco, and Armonk.

In 2018, Lowey became the first woman to chair the House Appropriations Committee. She announced on October 10, 2019, that she would retire and not run for re-election to Congress in 2020.

United States House Committee on Appropriations
The United States House Committee on Appropriations is a committee of the United States House of Representatives that is responsible for passing appropriation bills along with its Senate counterpart. The bills passed by the Appropriations Committee regulate expenditures of money by the government of the United States. As such, it is one of the most powerful committees, and its members are seen as influential.
Gurdwara Hemkund Sahib
Gurdwara Hemkund Sahib is a Sikh place of worship (gurdwara) and pilgrimage site in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India. It is devoted to Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708), the tenth Sikh Guru, and finds mention in Dasam Granth. With its setting of a glacial lake surrounded by seven mountain peaks, each adorned by a Nishan Sahib on its cliff, it is according to the Survey of India located in the Garhwal Himalaya at an elevation of 4,572 metres (15,000 feet). It is approached from Govindghat on the Rishikesh-Badrinath highway. The main town near Gobindghat is Joshimath. The elevation of the lake at Hemkund is approximately 15,000 feet.

Govindghat
Govindghat is a town in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India, located at the confluence of the Alaknanda and the Lakshman Ganga rivers. It lies around 22 kilometres (14 mi) from Joshimath on NH58 at an altitude of 6,000 feet (1,800 metres).
Evans–Cooper House
The Evans–Cooper House, also known as the David Evans House, is located along North Elmwood Road in the Pine Grove section of Evesham Township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. The oldest part of the house was built around 1800 and features Federal architecture. The historic brick house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 26, 1993, for its significance in architecture. It was listed as part of the Historic Resources of Evesham Township, New Jersey, Multiple Property Submission (MPS).

The house was expanded in 1810 and in 1856, adding Second Empire features. The property also includes a wood frame barn. According to the nomination form, the house was likely built by John Evans. His son, David Evans, lived here. His daughter, Lydia Evans, married Benjamin Cooper in 1859. She later inherited the property. In 1975, the township purchased it.

Evesham Township, New Jersey
Evesham Township is a township in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It is a suburb of Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-most populous city. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 46,826, an increase of 1,288 (+2.8%) from the 2010 census count of 45,538, which in turn reflected an increase of 3,263 (+7.7%) from the 42,275 counted in the 2000 census. Colloquially, the area is referred to as Marlton, the name of a community within the township.

The township is part of the South Jersey region of the state and, along with all of Burlington County, is a part of the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley.
Music of Bahrain
The music of Bahrain is part of the Persian Gulf folk traditions. Alongside Kuwait, it is known for sawt music, a bluesy genre influenced by African, Indian and Persian music. Sultan Hamid, Ali Bahar and Khaled El Sheikh (a singer and oud player) are among the most popular musicians from Bahrain.

Bahrain was the site of the first Persian Gulf-based recording studio, established after World War II. Modern music institutions in Bahrain include the Bahrain Music Institute, the Bahrain Orchestra and the Classical Institute of Music. The Bahraini male-only pearl diving tradition is known for the songs called fidjeri.

Liwa and Fann at-Tanbura are types of music and dance performed mainly in communities of descendants of Bantu peoples from the African Great Lakes region.

Arab states of the Persian Gulf
The Arab states of the Persian Gulf (Arabic: دول الخليج الفارسي, romanized: duwal al-Khalīj al-ʿfarsi), are a group of Arab states bordering the Persian Gulf, including Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

The term has been used in different contexts to refer to a number of Arab states in the Persian Gulf region. The prominent political union of the region is the Gulf Cooperation Council, which includes all Persian Gulf states except Iraq. Most Persian Gulf states are former protectorates of the British Empire.
Aksel Lund Svindal
Aksel Lund Svindal (born 26 December 1982) is a Norwegian former World Cup alpine ski racer. Born in Lørenskog in Akershus county, Svindal is a two-time overall World Cup champion (2007 and 2009), an Olympic gold medalist in super-G at the 2010 Winter Olympics and in downhill at the 2018 Winter Olympics, and a five-time World Champion in downhill, giant slalom, and super combined (2007 Åre, 2009 Val-d'Isère, 2011 Garmisch, and 2013 Schladming).  With his victory in the downhill in 2013, Svindal became the first male alpine racer to win titles in four consecutive world championships.

He is sometimes considered the best Norwegian alpine skier ever. While Kjetil Andre Aamodt has been more successful at the Olympics, Svindal is by far the most successful on the World Cup circuit.

In January 2019, he announced his retirement from alpine skiing following the 2019 Ski World Championships.

FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2009
The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2009 were the 40th FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, held 2–15 February in France at Val-d'Isère, Savoie.

The International Ski Federation (FIS) awarded the championships to Val-d'Isère on 2 June 2004, in Miami, Florida.  The other two finalists were Vail/Beaver Creek, USA, and Schladming, Austria, which was later selected to host the 2013 championships. Vail/Beaver Creek gained the 2015 championships.

These were the first world championships at Val-d'Isère, although the area hosted four of the five men's events at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville (the slalom was held at Les Menuires).  Val-d'Isère is a regular stop on the World Cup circuit, usually by the men in early to mid-December.

These were the fourth world championships held in France.  Chamonix hosted in 1937 and 1962, and Chamrousse hosted the alpine events for 1968 Winter Olympics (from 1948 through 1980, the Winter Olympics were also the world championships).
Acer Extensa
Acer Extensa series is an affordable line of Acer laptops designed for office and business users. Its competitors include the Dell Vostro, HP ProBook and Toshiba Tecra lines and low-end Lenovo ThinkPad laptops. The Extensa series includes several notebooks with different design, performance, and functionality. The Extensa name had been used by Texas Instruments, which sold its mobile computing division to Acer in 1997.

Dynabook Tecra
The Tecra is a series of business laptops currently manufactured by Dynabook Inc., a subsidiary of Sharp Corporation formerly owned by Toshiba. The number of Tecra notebook models available for sale is strictly dependent on the location: North and South America, Europe, Africa and South Africa, the Middle East or the South Pacific region.
Ram Narain Agarwal
Ram Narain Agarwal (1940 – 15 August 2024) was an Indian aerospace engineer, known for his contributions to the Agni series of surface-to-surface missiles. He is regarded as the "father of the Agni series of missiles" and the creative force behind Indian MIRV (Multiple Independently-targetable Reentry Vehicle) technology.

Agni (missile)
The Agni missile (Sanskrit: अग्नि; lit. Fire) is a family of medium to intercontinental range ballistic missiles developed by India, named after one of the five elements of nature. Agni missiles are long-range, nuclear weapons capable, surface-to-surface ballistic missiles. The first missile of the series, Agni-I was developed under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (lGMDP) and tested in 1989. After its success, the Agni missile programme was separated from the GMDP upon realizing its strategic importance. It was designated as a special programme in India's defence budget and provided adequate funds for subsequent development. As of November 2019, the missiles in the Agni series are being inducted into service. The family comprises the following: