hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
University of Thessaly
The University of Thessaly (UTh; Greek: Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλίας) is a Greek public university located in Thessaly, founded in 1984. The university includes the main campus in the city of Volos and regional campuses located in Karditsa, Larissa, Trikala, and the city of Lamia. The university's central administrative and academic building, located on the seaport seafront of Volos, it is often referred to as the main campus, but actually the university does not have a single main site, as it has multi sites with buildings being geographically distributed within the wider region of Volos across the city districts. Enrollment for Fall 2024-2025 consisted of 45,660 undergraduates students, 4,920 master's degree-level students, 1,736 doctoral students, and 1,107 permanent teaching and research staff.

Lamia (city)
Lamia (Greek: Λαμία, Lamía, pronounced [laˈmi.a]) is a city in central Greece. The city dates back to antiquity, and is today the capital of the regional unit of Phthiotis and of the Central Greece region (comprising five regional units). According to the 2021 census, the Municipality of Lamia has a population of 66,657, while Lamia itself has 47,529 inhabitants. The city is located on the slopes of Mount Othrys, near the river Spercheios. It serves as the agricultural center of a fertile rural and livestock area.
Morris S. Seale
Morris Sigel Seale (14 July 1896 – 29 August 1993) was a Jewish born scholar and theologian who wrote about Jewish, Christian and Muslim traditions and explored extensively the links between the religions. He wrote three influential books and contributed numerous articles to Theological journals including the Journal of Biblical Literature and The Muslim World.

He studied theology at Queen's University of Belfast and served on an Irish Presbyterian mission in Damascus, having converted from Judaism.

His son Patrick Seale was a British journalist and author who specialised in the Middle East. One of his daughters was the fashion designer Thea Porter and the other, Barbara, was married to yachtsman and restaurateur Beecher Moore.

Beecher Moore
Beecher Moore (16 September 1908 – 10 November 1996) was a highly influential figure in the development of dinghy sailing in the United Kingdom after the Second World War. He worked for many years with  Jack Holt who designed numerous dinghies, and together they did much to make sailing a pastime accessible to the masses.

In addition to his interest in sailing Moore had a reputation as something of a larger than life character and successfully pursued a range of other activities including for many years being part-owner of the restaurant Parkes, in Beauchamp Place, London.
Crow Lake (Alaska)
Crow Lake is a lake in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States, one mile (1.6 km) south of Moose Lake and 17 miles (27 km) northwest of Roundabout Mountain.  Crow Lake lies at an elevation of 203 ft (62 m).

Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska
Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area (/ˈjuːkɒn ˈkaɪjəkək/ YOO-kon KY-yə-kək) is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,343, down from 5,588 in 2010. With an area of 147,842.51 sq mi (382,910.3 km2), it is the largest of any county or county-equivalent in the United States. While slightly larger than the entire state of Montana, the census area only consists of 22.2% of Alaska's total area. It is part of the unorganized borough of Alaska and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest communities are the cities of Galena, in the west, and Fort Yukon, in the northeast.
City of Springvale
The City of Springvale was a local government area about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of 97.60 square kilometres (37.68 sq mi), and existed from 1857 until 1994.

Braeside, Victoria
Braeside is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 25 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Kingston local government area. Braeside recorded a population of 25 at the 2021 census.

Braeside is a largely industrial suburb with little residential areas.
2024 Korea Open – Singles
Beatriz Haddad Maia defeated Daria Kasatkina in the final, 1–6, 6–4, 6–1 to win the singles tennis title at the 2024 Korea Open. It was her fourth WTA Tour singles title.

Jessica Pegula was the reigning champion, but withdrew before the start of the tournament.

Heather Watson
Heather Miriam Watson (born 19 May 1992) is a British professional tennis player. A former British No. 1, Watson has won nine titles over her career, including the mixed-doubles title at the 2016 Wimbledon Championships, partnering Henri Kontinen, making her the first British woman to win a major title since Jo Durie in 1991, and the first to win a Wimbledon title since Durie in 1987. In October 2012, Watson won her first WTA Tour singles title at the Japan Women's Open, becoming the first British woman to win a WTA tournament singles title since Sara Gomer in 1988.

In her junior career, Watson won the US Open and a gold medal at the 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games. She reached No. 3 in the world on the ITF Junior Circuit.
Platinum(II) sulfide
Platinum(II) sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula PtS. It is a green solid, insoluble in all solvents.  The compound adopts an unusual structure, being composed of square planar Pt and tetrahedral sulfide centers.  A related compound is platinum disulfide, PtS2.

Platinum disulfide
Platinum disulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula PtS2. It is a black, semiconducting solid, which is insoluble in all solvents.  The compound adopts the cadmium iodide structure, being composed of sheets of octahedral Pt and pyramidal sulfide centers.  Single crystals are grown by chemical vapor transport using phosphorus as the transport agent.  A related compound is platinum(II) sulfide, PtS.
Arlette Laguiller
Arlette Yvonne Laguiller (French pronunciation: [aʁlɛt laɡije]; born 18 March 1940) is a French politician. From 1973 to 2008, she was the spokeswoman and the best-known leader and presidential nominee of Lutte Ouvrière (LO), a Trotskyist political party.

1974 French presidential election
Presidential elections were held in France in 1974, following the death of President Georges Pompidou. They went to a second round, and were won by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing by a margin of 1.6%. It is to date the closest presidential election in French history.
Javeria Khan
Javeria Khan (Urdu: جویریہ خان) (born 14 May 1988) is a former Pakistani cricketer who played as an all-rounder, batting right-handed and bowling right-arm off break. She played international cricket for Pakistan from 2008 till 2023. She has also played domestic cricket for Karachi and Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited. On 21 March 2024, she announced her retirement from international cricket.

Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited women's cricket team
The Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited women's cricket team is a Pakistani women's cricket team, sponsored by the Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited. They competed in the National Women's Cricket Championship, the Women's Cricket Challenge Trophy and the Departmental T20 Women's Championship between 2009–10 and 2018–19. They were the most successful side in all three competitions, winning every tournament they competed in, with 14 titles overall.
Echinochloa oryzoides
Echinochloa oryzoides is a species of grass known by the common name early barnyard grass. Its origin is not certain but it may be Eurasia. The grass is a major weed of rice paddies; it is a serious problem as it is an effective Vavilovian mimic of rice, very difficult to separate from the crop.

Vavilovian mimicry
In plant biology and agriculture, Vavilovian mimicry (also crop mimicry or weed mimicry) is a form of mimicry in plants where a weed evolves to share characteristics with a crop plant through generations of involuntary artificial selection. It is named after the Russian plant geneticist Nikolai Vavilov.

Selection against the weed may occur by killing a young or adult weed, by separating its seeds from those of the crop by winnowing, or both. The process has operated since Neolithic times, creating secondary crops such as rye and oats through mimicry of cereals such as wheat.
Parewadin
Parewadin  is a village development committee in Dhankuta District in the Kosi Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3875 people living in 738 individual households.

Dhankuta District
Dhankuta District (Nepali: धनकुटा जिल्ला) (Listenⓘ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal. The district covers an area of 891 km2 (344 sq mi) and has a population (2011) of 163,412. The hill town of Dhankuta serves as the district headquarters of Dhankuta District.
Kaława
Kaława [kaˈwava] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Międzyrzecz, within Międzyrzecz County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It is located on National road 3, a component of European route E65, which today is upgraded as the Expressway S3 bypass road.

Gmina Międzyrzecz
Gmina Międzyrzecz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Międzyrzecz County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the town of Międzyrzecz, which lies approximately 48 kilometres (30 mi) southeast of Gorzów Wielkopolski and 68 km (42 mi) north of Zielona Góra.

The gmina covers an area of 315.32 square kilometres (121.7 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 24,942.
1988–89 Connecticut Huskies men's basketball team
The 1988–89 Connecticut Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Connecticut in the 1988–89 collegiate men's basketball season. The Huskies completed the season with an 18–13 overall record. They were members of the Big East Conference where they finished with a 6–10 record. Connecticut made it to the quarterfinals in the 1989 National Invitation Tournament before losing to UAB 85–79. The Huskies played their home games at Hugh S. Greer Field House in Storrs, Connecticut and the Hartford Civic Center in Hartford, Connecticut, and they were led by third-year head coach Jim Calhoun.

1988–89 UAB Blazers men's basketball team
The 1988–89 UAB Blazers men's basketball team represented the University of Alabama at Birmingham as a member of the Sun Belt Conference during the 1988–89 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. This was head coach Gene Bartow's 11th season at UAB, and the Blazers played their home games at UAB Arena. They finished the season 22–12, 8–6 in Sun Belt play and lost in the semifinals of the Sun Belt tournament. Michigan State received a bid to the National Invitation Tournament where they beat Georgia Southern, Richmond, and Connecticut to reach the semifinals at Madison Square Garden. In the semifinals, they lost to St. John's. In the third place game, they won against Michigan State in overtime.
Jan Engelbert Tatengkeng
Jan Engelbert Tatengkeng (October 19, 1907 – March 6, 1968) was an Indonesian politician and poet who served as the prime minister of the State of East Indonesia (NIT). He was also a poet from the Pujangga Baru era of Indonesian literature.

Indonesian literature
Indonesian literature is a term grouping various genres of South-East Asian literature.

Indonesian literature can refer to literature produced in the Indonesian archipelago. It is also used to refer more broadly to literature produced in areas with common language roots based on the Malay language (of which Indonesian is one scion). This would extend the reach to the Maritime Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, but also other nations with a common language such as Malaysia and Brunei, as well as population within other nations such as the Malay people living in Singapore.

The phrase "Indonesian literature" is used in this article to refer to Indonesian as written in the nation of Indonesia, but also covers literature written in an earlier form of the language, i.e. the Malay language written in the Dutch East Indies. Oral literature, though a central part of the Indonesian literary tradition, is not described here.
Listen to Your Heart (album)
Listen to Your Heart is Belgian band DHT's 2005 debut album. It produced the singles "Listen to Your Heart" (a cover of the Roxette song), "My Dream", "Driver's Seat" (a cover of the Sniff 'n' the Tears song), "Someone", "I Go Crazy" (a cover of the Paul Davis song) and "I Miss You". Also covered is "I Can't Be Your Friend", originally recorded by the short-lived country music band Rushlow on their 2003 album Right Now, while "At Seventeen" was previously recorded by Janis Ian.

Flor Theeuwes wrote in the album booklet that the band wanted to record several different mixes of each song: "If you only have one mix of a song, it's easy to put it on an album but, in our case, we spent hours deciding which mix to use on the album." A video for "My Dream" was also made in collaboration with Amnesty International.

DHT (band)
DHT (sometimes stylized as D.H.T., acronym for Dance House Trance) was a Belgian duo consisting of singer Edmée Daenen (born 25 March 1985 in Kortrijk) and Flor Theeuwes, also known as DJ Da Rick (born 28 August 1976 in Turnhout). It had a hit in the US and Australia in 2005, with its cover version of "Listen to Your Heart", originally recorded by Roxette. The track reached number seven on the UK Singles Chart in December of that year. Marketing of the song often jokingly referenced DHT as an acronym for Definite Hit Track. On 14 June, 2019, the duo unveiled a previously unreleased album, titled #2 on Apple Music, Spotify, and other music portals.

They have been able to achieve the US Billboard Hot 100's top 10 with a trance song.
Bertrand Halperin
Bertrand I. Halperin (born December 6, 1941) is an American physicist, former holder of the Hollis Chair of Mathematicks and Natural Philosophy at the physics department of Harvard University. In 2006, he received the Wolf Prize in Physics for his various contribution to condensed matter physics, including work on  KTHNY theory for two-dimensional melting.

KTHNY theory
In statistical mechanics, the Kosterlitz–Thouless–Halperin–Nelson–Young (KTHNY) theory describes the process of melting of crystals in two dimensions (2D). The name is derived from the initials of the surnames of  John Michael Kosterlitz, David J. Thouless, Bertrand Halperin, David R. Nelson, and A. Peter Young, who developed the theory in the 1970s. It is, beside the Ising model in 2D and the XY model in 2D, one of the few theories which can be solved analytically and which predicts a phase transition at a temperature .
Kerry County Museum
Kerry County Museum (Irish: Príomh-Mhúsaem Chiarraí) is a museum located in Tralee, County Kerry, Ireland. The museum is based in the Ashe Memorial Hall on Denny Street in the centre of Tralee, which had been completed in 1928 as the headquarters of both Kerry County Council and Tralee Urban District Council. After the two councils vacated the building in the 1980s, it was converted to become the County Museum, opening in 1992. The aim of the museum is to collect, record, preserve and display the material heritage of County Kerry.

Tralee
Tralee (/trəˈliː/ trə-LEE; Irish: Trá Lí, pronounced [t̪ˠɾˠaː(j) ˈl̠ʲiː]; formerly Tráigh Lí, meaning 'strand [of the River] Lee') is the county town of County Kerry in the south-west of Ireland. The town is on the northern side of the neck of the Dingle Peninsula, and is the largest town in County Kerry. The town's population was 26,079 as of the 2022 census, making it the 15th largest urban settlement in Ireland. Tralee is known for the Rose of Tralee International Festival, which has been held annually in August since 1959.
Utror
Utror, also spelt Atror, is a valley and a union council of the Behrain Tehsil, located in Upper Swat District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is surrounded by snow-clad mountains, green pastures and waterfalls. The area of the valley is about 47,400 hectares (474 km2). It is one of the valleys in Swat Kohistan inhabited by the Gawri people.

Utror is 16 km (9.9 mi) away from Kalam Valley and 116 km (72 mi) from Saidu Sharif. The population of the region is around 16,048 as of 2017. Utror is surrounded by Bhan valley on the east, Upper Dir District on the west, Kalam on the south and Gabral on the north. The altitude of the valley at Utror proper is 2,300 metres (7,500 ft) and reaches 2,900 metres (9,500 ft) at Kundol Lake. Badogai Pass connects it to Upper Dir District. Further the region leads to Chitral.

Badgoi Pass
Badgoi or Badogai, also known as Badawi, is a mountain pass that connects the Kumrat Valley of Upper Dir District with Utror and Kalam Valleys of Upper Swat District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The high mountain pass is located at 3,523m above sea level.

The rugged road to the summit, also known as Do Teer Pass, Badgoi Pass, and Badogai Pass, is entirely unpaved, locally called Utrar-Dir Road. Stretching 26.53 miles and running west-east from Kalkot to Utror, the winter snow renders Badawi impassable from November through June.
Natomas/Sacramento Airport station
Natomas/Sacramento Airport is a planned train station that will be a stop on Altamont Corridor Express and Amtrak California's Gold Runner services. The station site is in the Natomas area, north of Sacramento, east of Blacktop Road and immediately south of West Elkhorn Boulevard. Planned as the northern terminus of the Sacramento Extension of the Valley Rail project, it was expected to open no later than 2023. By 2023, the opening date had been pushed back to 2026. A shuttle bus will provide connectivity for those traveling between the station and Sacramento International Airport, 8 miles (13 km) to the east.

Valley Rail (ACE)
Valley Rail is a project to expand Altamont Corridor Express (ACE) and Amtrak California Gold Runner (formerly known as the San Joaquins) commuter rail services, divided into several segments which include two service extensions from Stockton to Sacramento and Merced, station improvements, and grade separation of the Stockton Diamond.

The original ACEforward project was initiated in 2013 to expand ridership by improving service reliability and frequency on the existing route between Stockton and San Jose, and by extending the route east from Stockton to Merced; during its development, financial and logistical challenges were identified which precluded operating more trains on the existing segment, and the Valley Rail project replaced ACEforward in 2017, initially focusing on the eastern extension to Merced. The first environmental impact reports for Valley Rail were released in 2018; funding was secured in 2023, and construction began in 2024.
Papyrus 102
Papyrus 102 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by 𝔓102, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Gospel of Matthew. The surviving texts of Matthew are verses 4:11-12; 4:22-23, they are in a fragmentary condition. The manuscript palaeographically has been assigned to the 3rd century.

Matthew 4:11
Matthew 4:11 is the eleventh verse of the fourth chapter  of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. Jesus has just rebuffed Satan's third temptation and ordered him away. In this last verse of the temptation scene, the devil departs and Jesus is serviced by angels.
Unconditional Love (2002 film)
Unconditional Love is a 2002 American midlife reinvention comedy film co-written and directed by P. J. Hogan ("My Best Friend's Wedding") and starring Kathy Bates, Rupert Everett, Dan Aykroyd, and Meredith Eaton.  The film follows Grace Beasley, an archetypal timid and repressed homemaker who, in the wake of a sudden, unexpected marital separation and her favorite pop star's untimely death, takes a plane to England to attend the entertainer's funeral. The film was released in the United Kingdom on 23 August 2002.

P. J. Hogan
Paul John Hogan (born 30 November 1962) is an Australian film director and screenwriter. He is best known for directing the films Muriel's Wedding (1994), My Best Friend's Wedding (1997), Peter Pan (2003) and Confessions of a Shopaholic (2009).
Harifin Tumpa
Harifin Tumpa was the twelfth Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Indonesia as well as the first Deputy Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Indonesia for non-judicial affairs.

Tumpa's retirement led to a measure of controversy surrounding the Supreme Court of Indonesia, as rumors of vote buying by his more junior colleagues abounded before he'd even officially retired.

Supreme Court of Indonesia
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia) is the independent judicial arm of the state. It maintains a system of courts and sits above the other courts and is the final court of appeal. It can also re-examine cases if new evidence emerges.
Polly Pry
Leonel Campbell Ross O'Bryan (1857–16 July 1938), known under the pen name Polly Pry, was a controversial reporter for The Denver Post and later as a freelancer in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. She is best known for her connection to the case of Alfred Packer as an investigative reporter.

The Denver Post
The Denver Post is a daily newspaper and website published in the Denver metropolitan area. In 2016, its website received roughly six million monthly unique visitors generating more than 13 million page views, according to comScore.
Ashikaga Ujinohime
Ashikaga Ujihime (足利 氏姫, 1574 – June 6, 1620), or Ashikaga no Ujihime, Ashikaga Ujinohime was the de facto Koga kubō in Sengoku period. She was the daughter of 5th Koga kubō Ashikaga Yoshiuji and Jōkō-in (a daughter of Hōjō Ujiyasu). She was a woman trained in martial arts and received education from the highest court. In 1583 when Yoshiuji died without a male heir, Ujihime succeeded her father at the early age of nine, she took the title Koga kubō (title equivalent to shōgun in Kantō region) and inherited an area equivalent the Koga domain.

Koga Domain
Koga Domain (古河藩, Koga-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan.  It is located in Shimōsa Province, Honshū. The domain was centered at Koga Castle, located in what is the city of Koga in Ibaraki Prefecture.
Liouville's theorem
Liouville's theorem has various meanings, all mathematical results named after Joseph Liouville:

In complex analysis, see Liouville's theorem (complex analysis)
There is also a related theorem on harmonic functions

In conformal mappings, see Liouville's theorem (conformal mappings)

In Hamiltonian mechanics, see Liouville's theorem (Hamiltonian) and Liouville–Arnold theorem

In linear differential equations, see Liouville's formula

In transcendence theory and diophantine approximations, the theorem that any Liouville number is transcendental

In differential algebra, see Liouville's theorem (differential algebra)

In differential geometry, see Liouville's equation

In coarse-grained modelling, see Liouville's equation in coarse graining phase space in classical physics and fine graining of states in quantum physics (von Neumann density matrix)

Liouville number
In number theory, a Liouville number is a real number  with the property that, for every positive integer , there exists a pair of integers  with  such that

The inequality implies that Liouville numbers possess an excellent sequence of rational number approximations. In 1844, Joseph Liouville proved a bound showing that there is a limit to how well algebraic numbers can be approximated by rational numbers, and he defined Liouville numbers specifically so that they would have rational approximations better than the ones allowed by this bound. Liouville also exhibited examples of Liouville numbers thereby establishing the existence of transcendental numbers for the first time.
One of these examples is Liouville's constant

in which the th digit after the decimal point is 1 if  is the factorial of a positive integer and 0 otherwise. It is known that π and e, although transcendental, are not Liouville numbers.