hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Søren Løvtrup
Soren Løvtrup (1922–2002) was a Danish embryologist and historian of science in the Department of Animal Physiology at the Umeå University, Sweden. Løvtrup was known for his macromutation theory of evolution, which was in opposition to traditional neo-Darwinism. In 1987, Løvtrup published his controversial book Darwinism: The Refutation of a Myth which challenged Charles Darwin's role as the intellectual founder of evolutionary theory and accused Darwin of plagiarism.

Embryology
Embryology (from Greek ἔμβρυον, embryon, 'the unborn, embryo'; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of zoology that studies the prenatal development of gametes (sex cells), fertilization and development of embryos and fetuses. Embryology includes teratology, the study of congenital disorders that occur before birth.

Early embryology, put forward by Marcello Malpighi, was preformationist in concept: based on the idea that organisms develop from pre-existing miniature versions of themselves.  The theory now accepted, epigenesis, is the idea that organisms develop from seed or egg in a sequence of steps.  This concept was proposed in antiquity by Aristotle. Modern embryology developed from the work of Karl Ernst von Baer, though accurate observations had been made in Italy by anatomists such as Aldrovandi and Leonardo da Vinci in the Renaissance.
Anne Purvis
Anne Rosemary Purvis (née Clarkson; born 5 March 1959) is a Scottish former athlete who specialised in the 800 metres. She won a silver medal in the 800 metres at the 1982 Commonwealth Games and finished fourth in the 800m final at the 1986 Commonwealth Games. She also won the AAAs Championship title in 1980 and 1981, and the UK Championships title in 1982 and 1986.

1986 Commonwealth Games
The 1986 Commonwealth Games were held in Edinburgh, Scotland, between 24 July and 2 August 1986. This was the second Commonwealth Games to be held in Edinburgh. Thirty two of the eligible fifty nine countries (largely African, Asian and Caribbean states) boycotted the event because of the Thatcher government's policy of keeping Britain's sporting links with apartheid South Africa.

The Games were commemorated on the UK's first-ever £2 circulating coin, which showed a Scottish thistle upon the St. Andrew's saltire design on the reverse side of the coin.
Kacper Sztuka
Kacper Sztuka (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkat͡spɛr ˈʂtuka]; born 28 January 2006) is a Polish racing driver who last competed in Eurocup-3 for Griffin Core by Campos.

Born in Bielsko-Biała, Sztuka was the champion of the 2023 Italian F4 Championship with US Racing, and also the winner of the inaugural edition of the Formula Winter Series. A member of the Red Bull Junior Team from 2023 to 2024, he competed in the 2024 FIA Formula 3 Championship with MP Motorsport. He moved down to Eurocup-3 for 2025, finishing third in the category.

2023 Formula Winter Series
The 2023 Formula Winter Series was the first season of the Formula Winter Series. It is a multi-event motor racing championship for open wheel, formula racing cars regulated according to FIA Formula 4 regulations, based in Spain. The series is organised by Gedlich Racing with the approval of the RFEDA.
Melusinaster
Melusinaster is a genus of basket stars from the Jurassic period described by Thuy and Stöhr in 2018. Fossil specimens from areas throughout Germany were used to describe the genus. The individuals described with small ophiuroids with arched, crescent-shaped arm plates, articulations in the spine made of muscle and nerve openings, and no tubercles or spurs on the outer surfaces of the arm plates.

Basket star
The Euryalina are a suborder of brittle stars, which includes large species with either branching arms (called "basket stars") or long and curling arms (called "snake stars"). It is sometimes listed as the order Euryalida.
Kyrylo Marsak
Kyrylo Andriyovych Marsak (Ukrainian: Кирило Андрійович Марсак; born 7 September 2004) is a Ukrainian figure skater. He is the two-time Tallinn Trophy bronze medalist, a two-time Volvo Open Cup medalist (gold in 2024, bronze in 2022), 2023 Bavarian Open bronze medalist, and a three-time Ukrainian national champion (2023–25).

Tallinn Trophy
The Tallinn Trophy is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted in Tallinn, Estonia, by the Estonian Skating Union (Estonian: Eesti Uisuliit). It debuted in 2002 as a regional competition before expanding as an international event in 2011 and joining the ISU Challenger Series in 2015. Medals are awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; and when the event is part of the Challenger Series, skaters earn ISU World Standing points based on their results.

Aleksandr Selevko of Estonia holds the record for winning the most Tallinn Trophy titles in men's singles (with three), while Stanislava Konstantinova of Russia and Josefin Taljegård of Sweden are tied for winning the most titles in women's singles (with two each). No one team holds the record in pair skating or ice dance, as there have been unique champions each time the event has been held.
Andrew Nikiforuk
Andrew Nikiforuk (born 1955) is a Canadian journalist and author. His writing has appeared in many outlets, including Saturday Night, Maclean's, Alberta Views, Alternatives Journal, and national newspapers. He has won multiple National Magazine Awards for his work. In 1990, the Toronto Star awarded him an Atkinson Fellowship in Public Policy to study AIDS and the failure of public health policy. He has also published numerous books, including Saboteurs: Wiebo Ludwig's War Against Oil, which won the Governor General's Award in 2002 and Tar Sands: Dirty Oil and the Future of a Continent, which won the Rachel Carson Environment Book Award for 2008-09 from the Society of Environmental Journalists.

In 2010, Nikiforuk became The Tyee's first writer in residence.

Society of Environmental Journalists
The Society of Environmental Journalists is a non-profit national journalism organization created by and for journalists who report environmental topics in the news media. On its website, the organization says that "SEJ’s mission is to strengthen the quality, reach and viability of journalism across all media to advance public understanding of environmental issues."
Agni Natchathiram (soundtrack)
Agni Natchathiram is the soundtrack to the 1988 Tamil-language film of the same name directed by Mani Ratnam and produced by G. Venkateswaran, starring Prabhu, Karthik, Amala and Nirosha. The film featured Ratnam's norm collaborators—composer Ilaiyaraaja and lyricist Vaalee—whose soundtrack album featured six tracks. It was released through the Echo label as a double LP record, with three tracks on each side. The soundtrack consisted of electronic and synth-pop music, with most of the Carnatic melodies in the songs fused with modern instrumentation. For the Telugu dubbed version titled Gharsana, all the lyrics are written by Rajasri.

Carnatic raga
A Carnatic raga (ರಾಗ , రాగం , ராகம் , രാഗം , ରାଗ) refers to ragas used in Carnatic music. It has several components: a primordial sound (nāda), tonal system (swara), pitch (śruti), scale, ornaments (gamaka), and important tones.
Taj Mohiuddin
Taj Mohiuddin (born 1945, also Taj Mohi-ud-din) is a politician from Jammu and Kashmir and member of Democratic Azad Party. On 3 October 2022, Din was appointed as Treasurer for Democratic Azad Party. Din was the member of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly from Uri Assembly constituency during 2002-2008 and 2008-2014 as Indian National Congress candidate. He lost from the seat in 2024 as an independent candidate.

Uri Assembly constituency
Uri Assembly constituency is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir a north state of India. Uri is also part of Baramulla Lok Sabha constituency.
First Battle of Ulrichen
The First Battle of Ulrichen in 1211 was a decisive defeat of Bernese troops under Duke Berthold V of Zähringen by the army of the Canton of Valais under the Bishop of Sion Landrich von Mont.  The battle took place near Ulrichen which is now part of Obergoms.  Many details about the battle are uncertain or questioned by historians.

Diocese of Sion
The Diocese of Sion (Latin: Dioecesis Sedunensis, French: Diocèse de Sion, German: Bistum Sitten) is a Latin Catholic ecclesiastical territory in the canton of Valais, Switzerland. It is the oldest bishopric in the country and one of the oldest north of the Alps. The history of the Bishops of Sion, of the Abbey of St. Maurice, and of Valais as a whole are inextricably intertwined.
1953 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 1953 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 44th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1909. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 18 January 1953. The championship ran from 3 May to 20 September 1953.

The final was played on 20 September 1953 at Mallow Sportsfield, between Newtownshandrum and Glen Rovers, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Newtownshandrum won the match by 0–05 to 0–04 to claim their first ever championship title.

Mallow GAA
Mallow GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the town of Mallow, County Cork, Ireland. The club fields teams in hurling, Gaelic football, Camogie and Ladies Gaelic Football (LGFA).

The club's hurling team competes in the Cork Intermediate A Hurling Championship having been relegated from the Cork Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship in 2025. The club's Gaelic football team competes in the Cork Premier Senior Football Championship having won the Cork Senior A Football Championship in 2021.
Forest Hall
Forest Hall is a village in the borough of North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England. It is 4 miles from Newcastle upon Tyne. It borders Killingworth to the north, Holystone to the east and Benton to the south. The village was named after the Forest Hall, which incorporated a medieval tower. Woodside Court was built on the site of the Hall, which was demolished in 1962.

Benton, Tyne and Wear
Benton is an area of North Tyneside in Tyne and Wear, England. It is 4 miles (6 km) to the north east of Newcastle upon Tyne. The parish of St Bartholomew, Longbenton, is within the North Tyneside district. The population of the North Tyneside Ward taken at the Census 2011 was 10,359. The area is contiguous with the suburbs of Newcastle.
Sally Becker
Sally Becker (born 29 March 1962) is a British humanitarian aid worker, best known for her work during the Bosnian and Kosovo Wars in the late 1990s. She is the founder of charities Road to Peace and Save a Child. She is credited with saving hundreds of lives through her actions in the Balkans, and was frequently referred to in the British media as the "Angel of Mostar".

Mostar
Mostar (pronounced [mǒstaːr] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative centre of Herzegovina-Neretva Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the historical capital of Herzegovina.

Mostar is situated on the Neretva River and is the fifth-largest city in the country. Mostar was named after the bridge keepers (mostari) who guarded the Stari Most (Old Bridge) over the Neretva during the Ottoman era. The Old Bridge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent in the 16th century, is one of Bosnia and Herzegovina's most visited landmarks, and is considered an exemplary piece of Islamic architecture in the Balkans.
Catalina Martinez
Catalina Martinez is a regional program manager for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Office of Ocean Exploration and Research (OER). She attended the University of Rhode Island for both her undergraduate and graduate studies. She is currently based at the University of Rhode Island's Graduate School of Oceanography. Her career focuses on coordinating programs for NOAA as well as promoting diversity and inclusion for underrepresented communities in STEM.

Office of Ocean Exploration and Research
The Office of Ocean Exploration Research (OER) is a division of the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It is run under the auspices of the Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research (OAR). The Office facilitates ocean exploration by supporting expeditions, exploration projects, and related field campaigns. The OER mission has four components:

Mapping the physical, biological, chemical and archaeological aspects of the ocean;

Understanding ocean dynamics at new levels to describe the complex interactions of the living ocean;

Developing new sensors and systems to regain U.S. leadership in ocean technology;

Reaching out to the public to communicate how and why unlocking the secrets of the ocean is well worth the commitment of time and resources, and to benefit current and future generations.
Zauryad-praporshchik
Zauryad-praporshchik (Russian: зауря̀д-пра́порщик, lit. 'praporshchik deputy', Russian pronunciation: [zəʊˈrʲat ˈprapərɕːɪk]) was the highest Russian non-commissioned officer (NCO) rank (Russian: у̀нтер-офице́р ранг, IPA: [ˌunʲtʲɪr ɐfʲɪˈtsɛr rank]) in the Imperial Army from 1909 until 1917. The utilization of this particular rank was limited to wartimes only.

Rank insignia Zauryad-praporshchik

See also

History of Russian military ranks

Ranks and rank insignia of the Imperial Russian Army until 1917

History of Russian military ranks
Modern Russian military ranks trace their roots to the Table of Ranks established by Peter the Great. Most of the rank names were borrowed from existing German/Prussian, French, English, Dutch, and Polish ranks upon the formation of the Russian regular army in the late 17th century.
Jasmin Moghbeli
Jasmin Moghbeli (born June 24, 1983) is an American U.S. Marine Corps test pilot and NASA astronaut. She is a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Naval Postgraduate School, and Naval Test Pilot School. Moghbeli was a mission commander for SpaceX Crew-7 and a flight engineer aboard the International Space Station for Expedition 69/70.

United States Naval Test Pilot School
The United States Naval Test Pilot School, located at Naval Air Station Patuxent River in Patuxent River, Maryland, provides instruction to experienced United States Navy, Marine Corps, Army, Air Force, and foreign military experimental test pilots, flight test engineers, and flight test flight officers in the processes and techniques of aircraft and systems testing and evaluation.
LANSA Flight 502
LANSA Flight 502 was a Lockheed L-188A Electra operated by Líneas Aéreas Nacionales Sociedad Anónima (LANSA) which crashed shortly after takeoff from Quispiquilla Airport near Cusco, Peru, on August 9, 1970, after losing all power from one of its four engines. The turboprop airliner, registered OB-R-939, was bound from Cusco to Lima, carrying 8 crew and 92 passengers. All but one of the occupants died from injuries sustained from impact forces and post-crash fire. Two people on the ground were also killed. There were 49 American high school exchange students on board, all of whom perished. A Peruvian government investigation concluded that the accident was caused by improper execution of engine-out procedures by the flight crew and lack of proper maintenance. LANSA was fined and its operations were suspended for 90 days. At the time, the crash was the deadliest ever in Peruvian history before being surpassed by Faucett Perú Flight 251 in 1996.

LANSA Flight 508
LANSA Flight 508 was a Lockheed L-188A Electra turboprop operated as a scheduled domestic passenger flight by Lineas Aéreas Nacionales Sociedad Anonima (LANSA) that crashed in a thunderstorm en route from Lima to Pucallpa in Peru on 24 December 1971, killing 91 people – all 6 crew on board and 85 of its 86 passengers. It is regarded in popular retellings as the deadliest lightning strike disaster in aviation history.
Coast Guard Public Service Awards
The United States Coast Guard maintains several civilian Public Service Awards to recognize private citizens, groups, or organizations for helping the Coast Guard carry out its missions.  These awards are U.S. Government Awards issued by the Coast Guard, and like the Gold and Silver Lifesaving Medals, are not classified as military decorations, therefore, they may be awarded to any person.

Lifesaving Medal
The Gold Lifesaving Medal and Silver Lifesaving Medal are U.S. decorations issued by the United States Coast Guard. The awards were established by Act of Congress, 20 June 1874; later authorized by 14 U.S.C. § 500. These decorations are two of the oldest medals in the United States and were originally established at the Department of Treasury as Lifesaving Medals First and Second Class. The Department of the Treasury initially gave the award, but today the United States Coast Guard awards it through the Department of Homeland Security. They are not classified as military decorations, and may be awarded to any person.
Kvistgård
Kvistgård is a small town in the southwestern outskirts of Helsingør, Helsingør Municipality, some 40 kilometres north of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is situated in the fork between the Helsingør Motorway to the east, separating it from Espergærde, and Helsingørsvej (part of National route 9) to the west. Kvistgård railway station is a stop on the Lille North railway line between Helsingør and Hillerød. As of 2025, Kvistgård has a population of 1,214.

Helsingør
Helsingør (/ˌhɛlsɪŋˈɜːr/ HEL-sing-UR, Danish: [helse̝ŋˈøɐ̯ˀ]; classically known in English as Elsinore (/ˈɛlsɪnɔːr, ˌɛlsɪˈnɔːr/ EL-sin-or, -⁠OR), is a coastal city in northeastern Denmark. Helsingør Municipality had a population of 63,953 on 1 January 2025, making it the 23rd most populated municipality in Denmark. Helsingør is located at the narrowest part of the Øresund strait and together with Helsingborg in Sweden, forms the northern reaches of the Øresund Region, centred on Copenhagen and Malmö. Helsingør is a ferry city, with the frequent departures on the HH Ferry route, which connects Helsingør with Helsingborg, 4 km (2.5 mi) across the Øresund.

Its castle Kronborg was used by William Shakespeare as the setting for his play Hamlet.
McAnn
McAnn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aida McAnn Flemming, CM (1896–1994), wife of Premier of New Brunswick Hugh John Flemming

Donald Roy McAnn (born 1911), United States Navy sailor awarded the Navy Cross posthumously

Eamon Mcann or Eamonn McCann, (born 1943), Irish journalist, author and political activist

USS McAnn
USS McAnn (DE-179) is a retired Cannon-class destroyer escort built for the United States Navy during World War II. She served in the Atlantic Ocean and provided escort service against submarine and air attack for Navy vessels and convoys. She was transferred to the Brazilian Navy in 1944 and renamed as Bauru.  She is now a museum ship preserved at the Brazilian Navy Cultural Center in Rio de Janeiro.
Yuko Kavaguti
Yuko Kavaguti (also: Kawaguchi; Japanese: Kawaguchi Yūko (川口 悠子), Russian: Юко Кавагути, born 20 November 1981) is a retired pair skater who represented Japan and Russia in international competition. In 2006, she began competing with Alexander Smirnov for Russia. They are two-time European champions (2010, 2015), two-time World bronze medalists (2009, 2010), two-time ISU Grand Prix Final bronze medalists (11–12 and 15–16), and three-time Russian national champions (2008–2010). In 2015, they became the first pair in history to complete two quadruple throw jumps in one program and the first to land a quadruple throw loop.

Pang Qing
Pang Qing (Chinese: 庞清; pinyin: Páng Qīng; born December 24, 1979, in Harbin, Heilongjiang) is a Chinese retired pair skater. With her husband Tong Jian, she is the 2010 Olympic silver medalist, the 2006 and 2010 World Champion, a five-time Four Continents champion (2002, 2004, 2008, 2009 & 2011) and the 2008 Grand Prix Final Champion.
Appeal for Redress
Appeal For Redress is a group of United States military personnel opposed to the Iraq War. The group is sponsored by Iraq Veterans Against the War (IVAW), Military Families Speak Out, and Veterans for Peace (VFP).  The group solicits members of the U.S. military to communicate the following message to the U.S. Congress:

As a patriotic American proud to serve the nation in uniform, I respectfully urge my political leaders in Congress to support the prompt withdrawal of all American military forces and bases from Iraq. Staying in Iraq will not work and is not worth the price. It is time for U.S. troops to come home.

On January 16, 2007 members of the campaign delivered more than 1000 signatures to Congress, accompanied by Congressman Dennis Kucinich.

On February 23, 2007, the group was featured on the CBS Evening News with Katie Couric. It was later featured on 60 Minutes.

Veterans for Peace
Veterans for Peace is a nonprofit membership organization founded in 1985. The group works to promote alternatives to war. Initially made up of US military veterans of World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War - later including veterans of the Gulf War, the War in Afghanistan and the Iraq War - as well as peacetime veterans and non-veterans, it has since spread overseas and had an active offshoot in the United Kingdom called Veterans for Peace UK from 2011 to 2022. The British offshoot of VFP, Veterans for Peace UK, was permanently shut down in August, 2022.

The organization has opposed the military policies of the United States, NATO, and Israel, and has opposed military actions and threats to Russia, Iraq, Afghanistan, Iran, Libya and Syria.
Andrea Fischer (scientist)
Andrea Fischer (born September 3, 1973) is an Austrian glaciologist, Professor and Vice Director of the Institute of Interdisciplinary Mountain Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. She was named as the Austrian Scientist of the Year in 2023.

Austrian Academy of Sciences
The Austrian Academy of Sciences (German: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften; ÖAW) is a legal entity under the special protection of the Republic of Austria. According to the statutes of the Academy its mission is to promote the sciences and humanities in every respect and in every field, particularly in fundamental research.
Kati roll
A kati roll (sometimes spelt kathi roll; Bengali: কাঠি রোল) is a street-food dish originating from Kolkata, West Bengal, India. In its original form, it is a skewer-roasted kebab wrapped in a paratha bread, although over the years many variants have evolved all of which now go under the generic name of kati roll. Today, mostly any wrap containing a filling enfolded in an Indian flatbread (roti) is called a kati roll. In native Bengali, the word kati roughly translates to 'stick', referring to how they were originally made. In Bengal though, the delicacy is simply known as roll. Kati rolls normally contain coriander chutney, egg, and chicken but the types may vary.

Kebab
Kebab (UK: /kɪˈbæb/ kib-AB, US: /kɪˈbɑːb/ kib-AHB), kebap, kabob (alternative North American spelling), kebob, or kabab (Hindi and Kashmiri spelling) is a variety of roasted meat dishes that originated in the Middle East.

Kebabs consist of cut-up meat, sometimes with vegetables and various other accompaniments according to the specific recipe. Although kebabs are typically cooked on a skewer over a fire, some kebab dishes are oven-baked in a pan, or prepared as a stew such as tas kebab. The traditional meat for kebabs is most often lamb meat, but regional recipes may include beef, goat, chicken, fish, or even pork (depending on whether or not there are specific religious prohibitions).