hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giovanni di Paolo
Giovanni di Paolo di Grazia (c. 1403–1482) was an Italian painter, working primarily in Siena, becoming a prolific painter and illustrator of manuscripts, including Dante's texts. He was one of the most important painters of the 15th century Sienese School. His early works show the influence of earlier Sienese masters, but his later style was more individual, characterized by cold, harsh colours and elongated forms. His style also took on the influence of International Gothic artists such as Gentile da Fabriano. Many of his works have an unusual dreamlike atmosphere, such as the surrealistic Miracle of St. Nicholas of Tolentino painted about 1455 and now housed in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, while his last works, particularly Last Judgment, Heaven, and Hell from about 1465 and Assumption painted in 1475, both at Pinacoteca Nazionale (Siena), are grotesque treatments of their lofty subjects. Giovanni's reputation declined after his death but was revived in the 20th century.

Gentile da Fabriano
Gentile da Fabriano (c. 1370 – 1427) was an Italian painter known for his participation in the International Gothic pictorial style. He worked in various places in central Italy, mostly in Tuscany.

His best-known works are his Adoration of the Magi from the Strozzi Altarpiece (1423), and the Flight into Egypt. Following a visit to Florence in 1419, he came in contact with humanism, which influenced his work throughout the rest of his career. He became highly influential on other painters in Florence, especially with his detailed representations inspired by his observations of the natural world.
Pat Nicol
Patricia Marilyn Nicol (née Ready; March 23, 1935 – October 20, 2023) was a Canadian politician, developer, television commentator and newspaper columnist. She served as an alderman on Ottawa City Council from 1975 to 1976, and on the Ottawa Board of Control from 1977 to 1978. Considered to be on the "extreme right end" of the political spectrum at city hall, she was known for her "fiery speaking style" and her divisiveness led her to stand "alone... against the rest of city council on big issues". She was also known for her political rivalry with Ottawa's left leaning mayor, Marion Dewar, whom she ran against twice for Ottawa's top job.

Marion Dewar
Marion Hilda Dewar CM (February 17, 1928 – September 15, 2008) was a prominent member of the New Democratic Party (NDP), mayor of Ottawa from 1978 to 1985 and a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1987 to 1988.
Glossary of developmental biology
This glossary of developmental biology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts commonly used in the study of developmental biology and related disciplines in biology, including embryology and reproductive biology, primarily as they pertain to vertebrate animals and particularly to humans and other mammals. The developmental biology of invertebrates, plants, fungi, and other organisms is treated in other articles; e.g terms relating to the reproduction and development of insects are listed in Glossary of entomology, and those relating to plants are listed in Glossary of botany.

This glossary is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical detail, see the article corresponding to each term. Additional terms relevant to vertebrate reproduction and development may also be found in Glossary of biology, Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, and Glossary of evolutionary biology.

Glossary of genetics and evolutionary biology
This glossary of genetics and evolutionary biology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in the study of genetics and evolutionary biology, as well as sub-disciplines and related fields, with an emphasis on classical genetics, quantitative genetics, population biology,  phylogenetics, speciation, and systematics. It has been designed as a companion to Glossary of cellular and molecular biology, which contains many overlapping and related terms; other related glossaries include Glossary of biology and Glossary of ecology.
Psari, Trikolonoi, Arcadia
Psari (Greek: Ψάρι) is a village in the Municipality of Gortynia in Arcadia. From 1997 to 2010 it was part of the Municipality of Trikolonoi. It is located at an altitude of approximately 750 meters, at a distance of 17 kilometers from Megalopoli and 11 kilometers from Stemnitsa. It is a traditional settlement with stone-built houses on the outskirts of Mount Mainalo in the heart of mountainous Arcadia. The inhabitants of the village are engaged in agriculture and livestock farming. The village celebrates every year on the feast of the Zoodochos Pege, while cultural events are held during August. The climate is mountainous with cold winters and cool summers.

Stemnitsa
Stemnitsa (Greek: Στεμνίτσα) is a mountain village in the municipal unit of Trikolonoi, Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. It was the seat of the former municipality Trikolonoi. Stemnitsa is a traditional settlement and is considered one of the most beautiful villages in Arcadia, due to its picturesque location and its historical churches and mansions. It is situated at the western edge of the Mainalo mountains, above the left bank of the river Lousios, at about 1050 m elevation. Stemnitsa is 6 km southeast of Dimitsana, 9 km northeast of Karytaina, 18 km northwest of Megalopoli and 26 km west of Tripoli.
British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.

Natural Environment Research Council
The Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for supporting research, training and knowledge transfer activities in the environmental sciences.
Oklahoma State Highway 27
State Highway 27 (abbreviated SH-27) is a state highway in east-central Oklahoma. It has an extent of 14.7 miles (23.7 km) from south to north in Hughes and Okfuskee Counties. There are no letter-suffixed spur highways branching from SH-27.

SH-27 was first added to the state highway system in the late 1940s, but was removed from state control for approximately two years. Around 1958 it was returned to the highway system. Over the course of the highway's history, it was upgraded from a dirt and gravel connector route to a fully paved highway. The route was realigned in the mid-1990s, changing its southern end from US-75 north of Wetumka to SH-9 west of Wetumka. The route's northern terminus, at US-62 in Okemah, has remained constant throughout its history.

Oklahoma State Highway 9
State Highway 9, abbreviated as SH-9, OK-9, or simply Highway 9, is a major east–west highway in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. Spanning across the central part of the state, SH-9 begins at the Texas state line west of Vinson, Oklahoma, and ends at the Arkansas state line near Fort Smith, Arkansas. State Highway 9 is a major highway around the Norman area. At 348.1 miles (560.2 km), SH-9 is Oklahoma's second-longest state highway (second to State Highway 3).
Ashurst Wood
Ashurst Wood is a village and civil parish in the Mid Sussex District of West Sussex, England. It is 1 mile (2 km) to the southeast of East Grinstead, just off the A22 arterial road. In 2001, the population was 1,771, increasing to 1,833 at the 2011 Census. Ashurst Wood is within the High Weald Area of Natural Beauty and has a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) inside its boundaries.
The village has a history of agriculture and farming, and contains a church, village hall, primary school, two public houses, a general shop, post office and several small business premises. There is an independent school on the boundary of the village, called Brambletye School, and a former one, Stoke Brunswick School (the former junior school of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill), which closed in 2009. Bus routes run through the village with destinations of East Grinstead, Crawley, Haywards Heath, Tunbridge Wells and Brighton.

Mid Sussex District
Mid Sussex is a local government district in West Sussex, England. The largest town is Haywards Heath, where the council is based. The district also contains the towns of Burgess Hill and East Grinstead plus surrounding rural areas, including many villages. The district includes part of the South Downs National Park and part of the designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty of High Weald, including sections of Ashdown Forest. The district contains most headwaters of the River Ouse. Its largest body of water is Ardingly reservoir which is used by watersports clubs. At the 2021 census the district had a population of 152,949.

The neighbouring districts are Crawley, Horsham, Brighton and Hove, Lewes, Wealden and Tandridge.
2010 European Men's Handball Championship qualification
This page describes the qualifying procedure for the 2010 European Men's Handball Championship.

The 2010 European Men's Handball Championship qualification matches took place from October 2008 to June 2009. In a new format approved by the European Handball Federation (EHF), only Austria (host nation) and Denmark (defending champion) qualified automatically for the final tournament, while all other national teams had to play the qualification round to reach the European Championship.

2010 European Men's Handball Championship
The 2010 EHF European Men's Handball Championship (9th tournament) was held in Austria from 19 to 31 January, in the cities of Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Linz and Wiener Neustadt.

France won the title after defeating Croatia in the final. Iceland captured the bronze medal, their first ever medal at the European Championship after defeating Poland. Defending champions Denmark finished 5th while the hosts Austria finished 9th.
David Carter (politician)
Sir David Cunningham Carter KNZM (born 3 April 1952) is a New Zealand National Party politician who served as the 29th Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 2013 to 2017 and as a Cabinet Minister in the Fourth and Fifth National Governments. He represented the Selwyn electorate in the 44th Parliament and the Banks Peninsula electorate in the 45th Parliament. He served as a list MP from 1999 until he retired at the 2020 election.

Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives
In New Zealand, the speaker of the House of Representatives, commonly known as the speaker of the House (Māori: te mana whakawā o te Whare), is the presiding officer and highest authority of the New Zealand House of Representatives. The individual who holds the position is elected by members of the House from among their number in the first session after each general election. They hold one of the highest-ranking offices in New Zealand. The current Speaker is Gerry Brownlee, who was elected on 5 December 2023.

The speaker's role – similar to that of  speakers in other countries that use the Westminster system – involves presiding over debates by determining who may speak, maintaining order during debate, and disciplining members who break the rules of the House. Aside from duties relating to presiding over the House, the speaker also performs administrative and procedural functions, and remains a member of Parliament (MP).
Attacks on protected zones and civilians in Gaza
Attacks on protected zones and civilians in Gaza during the Gaza war have led to the killing of over 30,000 Palestinians and the displacement of over 2 million people, as well as the collapse of the education system and the destruction of most homes and hospitals in Gaza. Israel has faced accusations of war crimes from South Africa, the UN Human Rights Council, and Amnesty International, among others, due to the number of civilian casualties and the percentage of civilian infrastructure destroyed, including Palestinian refugee camps, schools, mosques, churches, and more. As early as December 2023, analysis of satellite data showed that 80% of buildings in northern Gaza had been damaged or ruined. As of January 2024, researchers from Oregon State University and the City University of New York estimated that 50 to 62 percent of all buildings in the Gaza Strip were damaged or destroyed.

Attacks on refugee camps in the Gaza war
In the Gaza war, as part of the bombing and invasion of Gaza, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) has conducted numerous airstrikes in densely populated Palestinian refugee camps in both the Gaza Strip and West Bank.
Li Chunting
Li Chunting (Chinese: 李春亭; pinyin: Lǐ Chūntíng; October 1936 – 5 August 2024) was a Chinese politician who served as governor of Shandong from 1995 to 2001.

He was an alternate member of the 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 9th and 10th National People's Congress.

Governor of Shandong
The governor of Shandong, officially the Governor of the Shandong Provincial People's Government, is the head of the Shandong Provincial People's Government. The governor generally serves as the deputy secretary of the Shandong Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, and is the second highest-ranking official in the province after the secretary of the CCP Shandong Committee.
Nikolaos Galatis
Nikolaos Galatis (Greek: Νικόλαος Γαλάτης; c. 1792 – 1819) was a Greek pre-revolutionary figure from Ithaca and one of the founding members of the Filiki Etairia, the secret revolutionary society. He was initiated into the society by Nikolaos Skoufas in Odessa, and in turn he initiated many others into the revolutionary society, some of whom became important figures in the events of 1821. Despite his efforts in promoting the society in its early years, he was accused of various misdemeanours and follies, and was eventually assassinated by other members of the society just a few years after joining.

Nikolaos Skoufas
Nikolaos Skoufas (Greek: Νικόλαος Σκουφάς; 1779 – July 31, 1818) was a founding member of the Filiki Eteria ("Society of Friends"), a Greek conspiratorial organization against the Ottoman Empire that prepared the Greek War of Independence.
Wendell H. Ford Expressway
The Wendell H. Ford Expressway, also known as the Owensboro Bypass, is a major partial beltway that runs around the outer parts of the city of Owensboro, Kentucky. With a length of 13.057 miles (21.013 km), the expressway includes parts of U.S. Route 60 (US 60) and US 231.

Owensboro, Kentucky
Owensboro is a home rule-class city in Daviess County, Kentucky, United States, of which it is also the county seat. It is the fourth-most populous city in the state. Owensboro is located on U.S. Route 60 and Interstate 165 about 107 miles (172 km) southwest of Louisville, and is the principal city of the Owensboro metropolitan area. The 2020 census had its population at 60,183. The metropolitan population was estimated at 116,506. The metropolitan area is the sixth largest in the state as of 2018, and the seventh largest population center in the state when including micropolitan areas.
Alexander Gerst
Alexander Gerst (born 3 May 1976 in Künzelsau, Baden-Württemberg) is a German European Space Agency (ESA) astronaut and geophysicist, who was selected in 2009 to take part in space training. He was part of the International Space Station Expedition 40 and 41 from May to November 2014. Gerst returned to space on 6 June 2018, as part of Expedition 56/57. He was the Commander of the International Space Station. He returned to Earth on 20 December 2018. After the end of his second mission and before being surpassed by Luca Parmitano in 2020, he held the record for most time in space of any active ESA astronaut (362 days), succeeding Italian astronaut Paolo Nespoli, and German ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter, who formally held the record for the longest time in space for any active or retired ESA astronaut.

Luca Parmitano
Luca Parmitano (born 27 September 1976 in Paternò, Sicily) is an Italian astronaut in the European Astronaut Corps for the European Space Agency (ESA). He was selected as an ESA astronaut in May 2009. Parmitano is also a colonel and test pilot for the Italian Air Force. He is the first Italian (and the third European) to command the International Space Station (ISS) during Expedition 61.
This Is the New Shit
"This Is the New Shit" is a song by American rock band Marilyn Manson, written by Marilyn Manson, John 5 and Tim Sköld, produced by Manson and Sköld. It is the second track on and second single from the band's fifth studio album, The Golden Age of Grotesque, following "mOBSCENE", and had the most success.

The UK release includes a Goldfrapp remix and a cover of the Geto Boys' "Mind of a Lunatic". In 2015, Canadian DJ and record producer Rezz released a remix.

In the music video, the word "shit" is replaced with "hit".

Mobscene
"Mobscene" (stylized as "mOBSCENE") is a song by American rock band Marilyn Manson. It was released in April 2003 as the lead single from their fifth studio album, The Golden Age of Grotesque (2003). The song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance, but lost out to Metallica's "St. Anger". As of 2020, the song sold around 50,000 copies in the United Kingdom, where it has also been streamed almost 4 million times. In the US, the song reached number 18 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks and number 26 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart.
Shirleya
Shirleya is an extinct genus in the crape myrtle family, Lythraceae, which contains a single species, Shirleya grahamae.   The genus and species are known from Middle Miocene fossils found in Central Washington.

Lagerstroemia
Lagerstroemia (/ˌleɪɡərˈstriːmiə/), commonly known as crape myrtle (also commonly spelled crepe myrtle, crape-myrtle, or crapemyrtle), is a genus of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs native to the Indian subcontinent, southeast Asia, northern Australia, and other parts of Oceania, cultivated in warmer climates around the world. It is a member of the family Lythraceae, which is also known as the loosestrife family. These flowering trees are beautifully colored and are often planted both privately and commercially as ornamentals.
Israel–Morocco normalization agreement
The Israel–Morocco normalization agreement is an agreement announced by the United States government on December 10, 2020, in which Israel and Morocco agreed to begin normalizing relations. On December 22, 2020, a joint declaration was signed pledging to begin direct flights, promote economic cooperation, reopen liaison offices and establish full diplomatic relations between the two countries.

The agreement followed Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, and Sudan also signing normalization agreements with Israel in September and October 2020. Along with Egypt and Jordan, Morocco became the sixth Arab League country to normalize ties with Israel. As part of the agreement, the United States agreed to recognize Morocco's annexation of Western Sahara while urging the parties to "negotiate a mutually acceptable solution" using Morocco's autonomy plan as the only framework.

Egypt–Israel peace treaty
The Egypt–Israel peace treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., United States, on 26 March 1979, following the 1978 Camp David Accords. The Egypt–Israel treaty was signed by Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt, and Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, and witnessed by Jimmy Carter, President of the United States.
2025 in chess
Major chess events in 2025 include the annual Tata Steel Chess Tournament, Norway Chess and Grand Chess Tour. Women's World Champion Ju Wenjun defended her title against challenger Tan Zhongyi in the Women's World Chess Championship. Anish Giri won the FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament and, alongside runner-up Matthias Blübaum, qualified for the Candidates Tournament 2026. The Chess World Cup in November determined the three qualifiers. The event was won by Javokhir Sindarov, who, at age 19, became the youngest player to date to win the event. R Praggnanandhaa won the 2025 FIDE Circuit, encompassing major tournaments held in 2025, and qualified for the Candidates Tournament 2026. The annual World Rapid and Blitz Chess Championships took place in December, where Magnus Carlsen clinched both World Rapid and Blitz titles, meanwhile Aleksandra Goryachkina and Bibisara Assaubayeva claimed the Women's Rapid and Blitz titles respectively.

Chess World Cup 2025
The Chess World Cup 2025 was a 206-player single-elimination chess tournament that took place in Goa, India, from 31 October to 27 November 2025. It was the 11th edition of the Chess World Cup. Javokhir Sindarov won the tournament, becoming at age 19 the youngest World Cup winner to date. The winner, runner-up, and third-place finisher (Sindarov, Wei Yi and Andrey Esipenko) earned the right to play in the Candidates Tournament 2026.
Over the Rainbow (Angel)
"Over the Rainbow" is the 20th episode of the second season of the American television series Angel, originally broadcast on the WB network. This episode begins immediately where the previous ends: Cordelia has been inadvertently sucked into a dimensional portal. She ends up as a slave in an alternate world called Pylea, until her owners learn of her precognitive visions. Back in Los Angeles, Angel, Wesley and the Host attempt to rescue Cordelia, while Gunn discovers he has alienated his old street gang.

Angel season 2
The second season of the television series Angel, the spin-off of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, premiered on September 26, 2000, on The WB and concluded its 22-episode season on May 22, 2001. It maintained its previous timeslot, airing Tuesdays at 9:00 pm ET, following Buffy.
Bilawal Bhutto Zardari
Bilawal Bhutto Zardari (born 21 September 1988) is a Pakistani politician who served as the 37th Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2022 to 2023. He became the chairman of the Pakistan People's Party in 2007 following his mother's assassination.

Born in Karachi, Sindh, Bilawal maternally belongs to the Bhutto family and paternally to the Zardari family, he is the son of former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and President Asif Ali Zardari, and the grandson of former President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.

Bhutto Zardari was a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 2018 to 2023. He was re-elected as a Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan in the 2024 Pakistani general election from newly formed constituency NA-194 Larkana-I, taking oath in 2024.

Minister for Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)
The Minister for Foreign Affairs (Urdu: وزیرِ خارجہ, romanized: Wazīr-e Xārjā), simply the Foreign Minister, is the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Government of Pakistan. The minister oversees the federal government's foreign policy and International relations. Their responsibility includes representing Pakistan and its government in the international community. This position is one of the senior-most offices in the Cabinet of Pakistan. The office of the foreign minister was initially held by Liaquat Ali Khan, who also served as the country's first prime minister. Subsequently, several other prime ministers have held the additional charge of the office of the foreign minister.