hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Long Marston, Hertfordshire
Long Marston is a small village to the north of Tring in Hertfordshire, in the Tring Rural parish council area. It is in the Borough of Dacorum, Tring West and Rural Ward.  It is located roughly 5 miles east of Aylesbury and 11 miles north-west of Hemel Hempstead.

Tring
Tring /trɪŋ/ is a market town and civil parish in the Borough of Dacorum, in Hertfordshire, England. It is situated in a gap passing through the Chiltern Hills, classed as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, 30 miles (50 km) from Central London. Tring is linked to London by the Roman road of Akeman Street, the modern A41 road, the Grand Union Canal and the West Coast Main Line to London Euston. Settlements in Tring date back to prehistoric times and it was mentioned in the Domesday Book; the town received its market charter in 1315. Tring is now largely a commuter town within the London commuter belt.
As of 2021, Tring had a population of 12,427.
Derazhnia Raion
Derazhnia Raion (Ukrainian: Деражнянський район, Derazhnians'kyi raion) was one of the 20 administrative raions (a district) of Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was located in the city of Derazhnia. Its population was 38,289 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Khmelnytskyi Oblast to three. The area of Derazhnia Raion was merged into Khmelnytskyi Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 30,458 (2020 est.)

Derazhnia
Derazhnia (Ukrainian: Деражня, IPA: [deˈrɑʒnʲɐ] ⓘ; Polish: Derażnia) is a city and railway station in Khmelnytskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. Derazhnia is situated along the banks of the Vovk River (meaning wolf in Ukrainian), 42 km east from the regional center Khmelnytskyi. An important railway junction on the line Lviv-Khmelnytskyi-Zhmerynka. Derazhnia has 10.240 inhabitants (2024 census). It hosts the administration of Derazhnia urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Postal code for Derazhnia is 32200. In terms of religious affiliation, local Ukrainian inhabitants belong mainly to the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. Derazhnia Milk Plant is one of key enterprises in the city. Local Sugar Factory was 5th largest in Ukraine, defunct from the late 1990s - early 21st century. There are also chemical and brickworks industries. Current population is 9,772 (2022 estimate).
Hakan Kıran
M. Hakan Kıran (born 1962) is a Turkish architect, noted for his buildings in Istanbul. He is probably best known for designing the Golden Horn Metro Bridge with Michel Virlogeux, in which he was responsible for the architectural design and the construction supervision. He founded Hakan Kiran Architecture and Building Services in 1989.

Golden Horn Metro Bridge
The Golden Horn Metro Bridge (Turkish: Haliç Metro Köprüsü) is a cable-stayed bridge carrying the M2 line of the Istanbul Metro across the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. It connects Karaköy and Küçükpazarı on the European side of Istanbul, and is located between the Galata Bridge and Atatürk Bridge, approximately 200 m (660 ft) east of the latter. It is the fourth bridge across the Golden Horn and entered service on February 15, 2014.

The bridge enables a direct connection between Hacıosman metro station in the Sarıyer district (at the northern end of the M2 line), and the Yenikapı transport hub in the Fatih district (at the southern end of the M2 line.)
Verotik
Verotik is an American comic book company founded by heavy metal/horror punk musician Glenn Danzig. The comics are aimed toward adult readers as they often contain imagery of a sexual and/or violent nature.

The company's two longest-running titles were Verotika (15 issues) and  Satanika vols. 1 & 2 (total of 13 issues). Verotik was known for producing variant "chase covers" for some of its titles: expensive adult-only variants depicting nudity. The company was most active in the period 1994–2001, and has not released many new comics since 2009.

Notable creators associated with Verotik include Simon Bisley, Jae Lee, Tim Vigil, Liam Sharp, Martin Emond, Drew Posada, Jason Pearson, Shelby Robertson, Hart D. Fisher, Joe Chiodo, and Duke Mighten.

Jae Lee
Jae Lee (born 1972) is an American comics artist known for his interior illustration and cover work for various publishers, including Marvel Comics, DC Comics, Image Comics, and Dynamite Entertainment.
Estelline, Texas
Estelline is a town located in Hall County, Texas, United States. The population at the 2020 census was 121. In 2012, Estelline was ranked #1 in a National Motorists Association listing of its "Worst Speed Trap Cities" in North America (with a population of less than 50,000). Estelline often refers to itself as the "Town of Estelline", with a "Town Hall" and a "Town Council", rather than the customary "city" label. However, under Texas law, all incorporated municipalities are considered to be cities.

Hall County, Texas
Hall County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population is 2,825. Its county seat is Memphis. The county was created in 1876 and later organized in 1890. It is named for Warren D. C. Hall, a secretary of war for the Republic of Texas.
Prilep-Bitola dialect
The Prilep-Bitola dialect (Macedonian: Прилепско-битолски дијалект, Prilepsko-bitolski dijalekt) is a member of the central subgroup of the western group of dialects of Macedonian. This dialect is spoken in much of the Pelagonia region (more specifically, the Bitola, Prilep, Kruševo and Demir Hisar municipalities), as well as by the Slavic-speaking minority population in and around Florina (Lerin) in neighbouring Greek Macedonia. The Prilep-Bitola dialect, along with other peripheral west-central dialects, provides much of the basis for modern Standard Macedonian. Prestige dialects have developed in the cities of Bitola and Prilep.

Slavic speakers of Greek Macedonia
Slavic speakers are a minority population in the northern Greek region of Macedonia, who are mostly concentrated in certain parts of the peripheries of West and Central Macedonia, adjacent to the territory of the state of North Macedonia. Their dialects are called today "Slavic" in Greece, while generally they are considered Macedonian. Some members have formed their own emigrant communities in neighbouring countries, as well as further abroad.
Aichi B7A Ryūsei
The Aichi B7A Ryūsei (流星, "Shooting Star") (Allied reporting name "Grace"), was a large and powerful carrier-borne torpedo-dive bomber produced by Aichi Kokuki for the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service during the Second World War. Built in only small numbers and deprived of the aircraft carriers it was intended to operate from, the type had little chance to distinguish itself in combat before the war ended in August 1945.

Torpedo bomber
A torpedo bomber is a military aircraft designed primarily to attack ships with aerial torpedoes. Torpedo bombers came into existence just before the First World War almost as soon as aircraft were built that were capable of carrying the weight of a torpedo, and remained an important aircraft type until they were rendered obsolete by anti-ship missiles. They were an important element in many famous Second World War battles, notably the British attack at Taranto, the sinking of the German battleship Bismarck, the sinking of the British battleship HMS Prince Of Wales and the British battlecruiser HMS Repulse and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
Rincón De Los Montes
Rincón De Los Montes is a hamlet in the Mexican state of Sinaloa.
Its geographical location is 25°15′13″N 107°32′36″W﻿ / ﻿25.25361°N 107.54333°W﻿ / 25.25361; -107.54333.

Rincon De Los Montes is a small town 7.6 miles (12.2 km) from the municipality of Badiraguato. The municipality of Badiraguato reported 759 inhabitants in Rincon De Los Montes.

Badiraguato Municipality
Badiraguato is a municipality in the Mexican state of Sinaloa in northwestern Mexico. The seat of the municipality is in the small town of Badiraguato.

The municipality is in the Sierra Madre Occidental.
Brzozowica, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Brzozowica [bʐɔzɔˈvit͡sa] (German: Vorwerk Birkenberg, Birkenberg) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.

Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój
Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Połczyn-Zdrój, which lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) east of Świdwin and 108 km (67 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 343.71 square kilometres (132.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 16,016 (out of which the population of Połczyn-Zdrój amounts to 8,572, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,444).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Drawsko Landscape Park.
The Work and the Glory
The Work and the Glory (also known as The Work and the Glory: Pillar of Light) is a 2004 historical fiction drama film directed by Russell Holt, from a script co-written by Gerald N. Lund and Russell Holt. Based on Lund's novel titled The Work and the Glory: Pillar of Light, the movie stars Sam Hennings, Brenda Strong, Eric Johnson, Alexander Carroll, Tiffany Dupont, and Jonathan Scarfe. It tells the story of the fictional Steed family in the 1820s and their struggles trying to adopt the new Mormon religion, and it explores their relationship with their community, with its founder, Joseph Smith and the rest of the Smith family.

The movie successfully launched the titular film series, which consisted of a trilogy.

Eric Johnson (actor)
Eric Johann Johnson (born August 7, 1979) is a Canadian actor. He is known for playing Flash Gordon on the eponymous 2007–2008 television series, Whitney Fordman on the superhero series Smallville, Detective Luke Callaghan on the police drama Rookie Blue, and Jack Hyde in the Fifty Shades film series. In 2022, he played a misogynist corrupt sheriff in the HBO Max horror series Pretty Little Liars: Original Sin.
Fuchū, Tokyo
Fuchū (府中市, Fuchū-shi) is a city located in the western portion of the Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. Fuchū serves as a regional commercial center and a commuter town for workers in central Tokyo. The city hosts large scale manufacturing facilities for Toshiba, NEC and Suntory, as well as the Bank of Japan's main computer operations center. Local sporting attractions include the Tokyo Racecourse and the training grounds of Top League rugby teams Toshiba Brave Lupus and Suntory Sungoliath.

As of 1 August 2025, the city had an estimated population of 264,534, and a population density of 8,989 persons per square kilometer. The total area of the city is 29.43 square kilometres (11.36 sq mi).

Musashi Province
Musashi Province (武蔵国, Musashi no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [mɯꜜ.sa.ɕi (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan, which today comprises Tokyo Metropolis, most of Saitama Prefecture and part of Kanagawa Prefecture. It was sometimes called Bushū (武州). The province encompassed Kawasaki and Yokohama. Musashi bordered on Kai, Kōzuke, Sagami, Shimōsa, and Shimotsuke Provinces.

Musashi was the largest province in the Kantō region.
Tephritoidea
The Tephritoidea are a superfamily of flies. It has over 7,800 species, the majority of them in family Tephritidae.

The following families are included:

Ctenostylidae

Eurygnathomyiidae

Lonchaeidae - lance flies

Pallopteridae — flutter flies

Piophilidae — skippers

Platystomatidae — signal flies

Pyrgotidae

Richardiidae

Tephritidae — fruit flies

Ulidiidae (Otitidae) — picture-winged flies

The Tachiniscinae, formerly ranked as the family Tachiniscidae, are now included in the Tephritidae.

Piophilidae
The Piophilidae are a family of "true flies", in the order Diptera. The so-called cheese flies are the best-known members, but most species of the Piophilidae are scavengers in animal products, carrion, and fungi. They may accordingly be important in forensic entomology and medical entomology. For a fly maggot, the larvae of many species have an unusually well-developed ability to leap when alarmed or when abandoning their larval food to pupate; they accordingly may be known as cheese skippers or other kinds of skippers according to their food source.
Manasse Ninakku Mangalam
Manasse Ninakku Mangalam is a 1984 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by A. B. Raj and produced by Lekshmi (Thripurasundari). The film stars Prem Nazir, Madhu, Menaka and Balan K. Nair in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Raveendran.

A. B. Raj
Antony Basker Raj (1929 – 23 August 2020), also known as A. Bhaskar Raj, was an Indian director of Malayalam movies. He was, along with Sasikumar, one of the leading and most successful directors of the 60s and 70s. Some of the prominent later year directors like Hariharan, I.V. Sasi, P. Chandrakumar and Rajasekharan were trained by him as his assistants.
John Brindley
John Brindley (April 18, 1850 – February 11, 1926) was an American jurist and politician.

Born on a farm near Boscobel, Grant County, Wisconsin, Brindley graduated from University of Wisconsin in 1874. He was principal of grade and high schools in Lone Rock. Lancaster, and Boscobel, Wisconsin. In 1879 and 1880, Brindley served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. In 1880, Brindley moved to La Crosse, Wisconsin and practiced law. He was the La Crosse city attorney. From 1897 until his death in 1926, Brindley served as county judge for La Crosse. Brindley died in La Crosse  after a long illness.

Boscobel, Wisconsin
Boscobel (/ˈbɒskoʊbɛl/ BOSS-koh-bel) is a city in Grant County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 3,286 at the 2020 census. Approximately 0.6 mi. (1 km) to the north of the city, across a riparian swamp, is the Wisconsin River. U.S. Route 61 crosses the Wisconsin River at Boscobel. To the south, the city is bordered by the Town of Boscobel.

Boscobel was the site of a stop along the now defunct Milwaukee Road, and it is still served by the Wisconsin and Southern Railroad. It is also the site of the Wisconsin Secure Program Facility (WSPF), a Wisconsin Department of Corrections prison for men. Businesses include the historic Central House Hotel, the birthplace of Gideons International.
George Jerram
George Henry William Jerram (15 August 1904 – 20 May 1948) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong and North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL), and with Williamstown in the Victorian Football Association (VFA).

1927 Melbourne Carnival
The 1927 Melbourne Carnival was the sixth Australian National Football Carnival: an Australian football interstate competition.

New South Wales caused the biggest upset of the carnival when they defeated Tasmania by three points and, also, came close to beating Western Australia. Victoria again finished on top of the table.
Double Trouble (Otis Rush song)
"Double Trouble" is a blues song written and recorded by Chicago blues guitarist Otis Rush in 1958.  Since its release as a single in 1959, the song has been recorded by several blues and other artists, including several versions by Eric Clapton. Stevie Ray Vaughan named his band "Double Trouble" after Rush's song. In 2008, Rush's original version was inducted into the Blues Foundation Hall of Fame, who called it a "minor-key masterpiece".

Otis Rush
Otis Rush Jr. (April 29, 1934 – September 29, 2018) was an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter. His distinctive guitar style featured a slow-burning sound and long bent notes. With qualities similar to the styles of other 1950s artists Magic Sam and Buddy Guy, his sound became known as West Side Chicago blues and was an influence on many musicians, including Michael Bloomfield, Peter Green and Eric Clapton.

Rush was left-handed and played as such; however, his guitars were strung with the low E string at the bottom, upside-down from typical guitarists.  He often played with the little finger of his pick hand curled under the low E for positioning. It is widely believed that this contributed to his distinctive sound. He had a wide-ranging, powerful tenor voice.
Bad Wolf
"Bad Wolf" is the twelfth episode of the revived first series of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who. The episode was first broadcast on BBC One on 11 June 2005. It is the first of a two-part story. The concluding episode, "The Parting of the Ways", was first broadcast on 18 June 2005.

In the episode, set in the far future 100 years after the events of "The Long Game", the Ninth Doctor (Christopher Eccleston) and his travelling companions Rose Tyler (Billie Piper) and Captain Jack Harkness (John Barrowman) are secretly brought on board the game-show-broadcasting satellite, Satellite Five, by its controller (Martha Cope) so they can fight against the controller's "masters", the Daleks.

Companion (Doctor Who)
In the long-running BBC television science fiction programme Doctor Who and related works, the term "companion" refers to a character who travels with, or shares adventures with, the Doctor. A companion is generally the series' co-lead character alongside the Doctor for the duration of their tenure, and in most Doctor Who stories acts as an audience surrogate by providing the lens through which the viewer is introduced to the story, and often, the series itself.

The companion character often furthers the story by asking questions and getting into trouble; also by helping, rescuing, or challenging the Doctor. This designation is applied to a character by the show's producers and appears in the BBC's promotional material and off-screen fictional terminology. The Doctor also refers to the show's other leads as their "friends" or "assistants"; the British press have also used the latter term.
Old Public Library
The Old Public Library is a historic library building in Lawrence, Massachusetts.  The Richardsonian Romanesque structure was built in 1892 to a design by George G. Adams, a leading architect of public buildings in New England.  The building is predominantly brownstone, with terracotta trim bands, an irregular and asymmetric massing with a tower, and its entrance recessed in an archway.  It served as Lawrence's public library until 1973 when a new library building was built.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Lawrence, Massachusetts
Lawrence is a city located in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, on the Merrimack River. At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 89,143. Surrounding communities include Methuen to the north, Andover to the southwest, and North Andover to the east. Lawrence and Salem were the county seats of Essex County, until the state abolished county government in 1999. Lawrence is part of the Merrimack Valley.

Manufacturing products of the city include electronic equipment, textiles, footwear, paper products, computers, and foodstuff. Lawrence was the residence of the poet Robert Frost for his early school years; his essays and poems were first published in the Lawrence High School newspaper. Lawrence is also the birthplace of composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein in 1918, and singer Robert Goulet in 1933.
The Theatre and Its Double
The Theatre and Its Double (Le Théâtre et son Double) is a 1938 collection of essays by French poet and playwright Antonin Artaud. It contains his most famous works on the theatre, including his manifestos for a Theatre of Cruelty.

Antonin Artaud
Antoine Maria Joseph Paul Artaud (/ɑːrˈtoʊ/; French: [aʁto]; 4 September 1896 – 4 March 1948), better known as Antonin Artaud (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃tɔnɛ̃ aʁto]), was a French artist who worked across a variety of media. He is best known for his writings, as well as his work in the theatre and cinema. Widely recognized as a major figure of the European avant-garde, he had a particularly strong influence on twentieth-century theatre through his conceptualization of the Theatre of Cruelty. Known for his raw, surreal and transgressive work, his texts explored themes from the cosmologies of ancient cultures, philosophy, the occult, mysticism and indigenous Mexican and Balinese practices.
Phosca Kasisi
Phosca Nekesa Kasisi (born 1993) is a Kenyan female volleyball player who plays for Kenya Commercial Bank. She is in the Kenya women's national volleyball team as captain of the beach volleyball team at the postponed 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Kenya has never had a beach volleyball team at the Olympics.

Kenya women's national volleyball team
The Kenya women's national volleyball team, the Malkia Strikers, represents Kenya in international volleyball competitions. Kenya has dominated the African continent since the 1990s, winning the Women's African Volleyball Championship a record of ten times. They have qualified four times for the Olympics; in 2000, 2004, 2020 and 2024.

Kenya also has a beach volleyball team, who were the only women's team at the Tokyo Olympics. Kenya's women's sitting volleyball team did not qualify for Tokyo.
Ray Guy
William Ray Guy (December 22, 1949 – November 3, 2022) was an American professional football punter who played for the Oakland / Los Angeles Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). Guy was a first-team All-American selection in 1972 as a senior for the Southern Miss Golden Eagles, and is the only pure punter ever to be drafted in the first round of the NFL draft, when the Raiders selected him with the 23rd overall pick in the 1973 NFL draft. He won three Super Bowls with the Raiders. Guy was elected to both the College Football Hall of Fame and the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2014. An eight-time All-Pro, Guy is widely considered to be the greatest punter of all time.

With his induction to the Hall of Fame on August 2, 2014, he became the first pure punter to be so honored.

Southern Miss Golden Eagles football
The Southern Miss Golden Eagles football program represents the University of Southern Mississippi in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. They play college football in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision. The Eagles are currently members of the Sun Belt Conference and play their home games at M. M. Roberts Stadium in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.
Abstract space
Abstract space, in geography, is a hypothetical space characterized by equal and consistent properties; a geographic space that is completely homogeneous. All movement and activity would be equally easy or difficult in all directions and all locations within this space. This concept is useful for modeling or analyzing spatial activity and behavior by limiting or eliminating extraneous variables, such as terrain. For example, if researchers want to study the relationship between culture and trade, they don't want their model to be overwhelmed or influenced by factors such as mountainous barriers and rivers because these would detract from the purpose of modeling how culture alone effects trade.

Space
Space is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions. Modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless four-dimensional continuum known as spacetime. The concept of space is considered to be of fundamental importance to an understanding of the physical universe. However, disagreement continues between philosophers over whether it is itself an entity, a relationship between entities, or part of a conceptual framework.

In the 19th and 20th centuries mathematicians began to examine geometries that are non-Euclidean, in which space is conceived as curved, rather than flat, as in the Euclidean space. According to Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, space around gravitational fields deviates from Euclidean space. Experimental tests of general relativity have confirmed that non-Euclidean geometries provide a better model for the shape of space.