hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
STIT logic
STIT logic (from seeing to it that) is a family of modal and branching-time logics for reasoning about agency and choice. A typical STIT operator has the form , usually read as "agent  sees to it that ", and is interpreted in models where agents choose between alternative possible futures.

STIT logics are used in action theory, deontic logic, epistemic logic, and the theory of intelligent agents to formalise notions such as "could have done otherwise", responsibility, joint action, and strategic ability in an indeterministic world.

Epistemic modal logic
Epistemic modal logic is a subfield of modal logic that is concerned with reasoning about knowledge.  While epistemology has a long philosophical tradition dating back to Ancient Greece, epistemic logic is a much more recent development with applications in many fields, including philosophy, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, economics, and linguistics.  While philosophers since Aristotle have discussed modal logic, and Medieval philosophers such as Avicenna, Ockham, and Duns Scotus developed many of their observations, it was C. I. Lewis who created the first symbolic and systematic approach to the topic, in 1912.  It continued to mature as a field, reaching its modern form in 1963 with the work of Saul Kripke.
Fence River
The Fence River is a tributary of the Michigamme River in Iron County on Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. It drains forested uplands and wetlands in the south-central portion of the county and flows generally east to join the Michigamme River, part of the Menominee River system that reaches Lake Michigan.

Michigamme River
The Michigamme River (/ˈmɪʃəɡɒmi/ mish-ə-GAH-mee) is a 67.0-mile-long (107.8 km) tributary of the Menominee River on the Upper Peninsula of Michigan in the United States. Via the Menominee River, its water flows to Lake Michigan.

The Michigamme River flows from Lake Michigamme in Marquette County, through Dickinson County, Michigamme Reservoir, Peavy Pond and Michigamme Lake in Iron County to its confluence with the Brule River, forming the Menominee River. The confluence can be viewed from the dam on Michigamme Lake. In addition, there is a spillway from the Paint River which flows into Peavy Pond.
Erymna
Erymna (Ancient Greek: Ἐρυμνή) or Orymna (Ancient Greek: Ὄρυμνα) was a town in ancient Pamphylia or Lycia. The form "Orymna" is that given in the Synecdemus and the Notitiae Episcopatuum. and in the ecumenical councils, but inscriptions found on the site show that the inhabitants used the form with "E". Stephanus of Byzantium stated that the form used in the Lyciaca of Alexander Polyhistor was Erymnae (Ancient Greek: Ἐρυμναί, plural of Ἐρυμνή). The modern name of the site is Ormana, reflecting the ancient name.

Pamphylia
Pamphylia (/pæmˈfɪliə/; Ancient Greek: Παμφυλία, Pamphylía Turkish: Pamfilya) was a region in the south of Asia Minor in Western Asia, between Lycia and Cilicia, extending from the Mediterranean to Mount Taurus (all in modern-day Antalya province, Turkey). It was bounded on the north by Pisidia and was therefore a country of small extent, having a coast-line of only about 120 km (75 miles) with a breadth of about 50 km (30 miles). Under the Roman administration the term Pamphylia was extended so as to include Pisidia and the whole tract up to the frontiers of Phrygia and Lycaonia, and in this wider sense it is employed by Ptolemy.
Lichen simplex chronicus
Lichen simplex chronicus (LSC) is thick leathery skin with exaggerated skin markings caused by sudden itching and excessive rubbing and scratching. It generally results in small bumps, patches, scratch marks and scale. It typically affects the neck, scalp, upper eyelids, ears, palms, soles, ankles, wrists, genital areas and bottom. It often develops gradually and the scratching becomes a habit.

Itch
An itch (also known as pruritus) is a sensation that causes a strong desire or reflex to scratch. Itches have many similarities to pain, and while both are unpleasant sensory experiences, their behavioral response patterns are different. Pain creates a withdrawal reflex, whereas itches lead to a scratch reflex.

Unmyelinated nerve fibers for itches and pain both originate in the skin. Information for them is conveyed centrally in two distinct systems that both use the same nerve bundle and spinothalamic tract.
Kevin Anderson (tennis)
Kevin Michael Anderson (born 18 May 1986) is a South African former professional tennis player. He achieved his career-high Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) ranking of world No. 5 on 16 July 2018. He was the first South African to be ranked in the top 5 since Kevin Curren was No. 5 on 23 September 1985.

In February 2011, Anderson won his first ATP Tour title at the South African Open in his hometown of Johannesburg. Anderson reached his first major final at the 2017 US Open, where he lost to Rafael Nadal. In the 2018 Wimbledon semifinals, Anderson reached his second major final by defeating American John Isner in the second-longest match in the history of major tournaments, at 6 hours and 36 minutes (second only to the 2010 match between John Isner and Nicolas Mahut). He then lost to Novak Djokovic in the final. On 3 May 2022, Anderson retired at age 35, but he announced his comeback in July 2023.

Kevin Curren
Kevin Melvyn Curren (born 2 March 1958) is a South African former professional tennis player. He played in two Grand Slam singles finals and won four Grand Slam doubles titles, reaching a career-high singles ranking of world No. 5 in July 1985. During his career he won 5 singles and 16 doubles titles.
Ode on Melancholy
"Ode on Melancholy" is one of five odes composed by English poet John Keats in the spring of 1819, along with  "Ode on a Grecian Urn", "Ode to a Nightingale", "Ode on Indolence", and "Ode to Psyche". The narrative of the poem describes the poet's perception of melancholy through a lyric discourse between the poet and the reader, along with the introduction to Ancient Grecian characters and ideals.

Ode to Psyche
"Ode to Psyche" is a poem by John Keats written in spring 1819. The poem is the first of his 1819 odes, which include "Ode on a Grecian Urn" and "Ode to a Nightingale". "Ode to Psyche" is an experiment in the ode genre, and Keats's attempt at an expanded version of the sonnet format that describes a dramatic scene. The poem serves as an important departure from Keats's early poems, which frequently describe an escape into the pleasant realms of one's imagination. Keats uses the imagination to show the narrator's intent to resurrect Psyche and reincarnate himself into Eros (love). Keats attempts this by dedicating an "untrodden region" of his mind to the worship of the neglected goddess.
Didymoglossum
Didymoglossum is a tropical genus of ferns in the family Hymenophyllaceae. It comprises more than 30 epilithic or low-epiphytic species under two subgenera. The genus is accepted in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), but not by some other sources which sink it into a broadly defined Trichomanes.

Trichomanes
Trichomanes is a genus of ferns in the family Hymenophyllaceae, termed bristle ferns. The circumscription of the genus is disputed. All ferns in the genus are filmy ferns, with leaf tissue typically 2 cells thick.  This thinness generally necessitates a permanently humid habitat, and makes the fronds somewhat translucent. Because of this membrane-like frond tissue, the plant is prone to drying out. "Filmy ferns" in the taxa Hymenophyllaceae grow in constantly wet environments. Many are found in cloud forests such as "Choco" in Colombia. There are also members of the taxa that can grow submersed in water.

The name bristle fern refers to the small bristle that protrudes from the indusia of these ferns.
Space Integrated GPS/INS
Space Integrated GPS/INS (SIGI) is a strapdown Inertial Navigation Unit (INU) developed and built by Honeywell International to control and stabilize spacecraft during flight.

SIGI has integrated global positioning and inertial navigation technology to provide three navigation solutions : Pure inertial, GPS-only and blended GPS/INS.

Inertial navigation system
An inertial navigation system (INS; also inertial guidance system, inertial instrument) is a navigation device that uses motion sensors (accelerometers), rotation sensors (gyroscopes) and a computer to continuously calculate by dead reckoning the position, the orientation, and the velocity (direction and speed of movement) of a moving object without the need for external references. Often the inertial sensors are supplemented by a barometric altimeter and sometimes by magnetic sensors (magnetometers) and/or speed measuring devices. INSs are used on mobile robots and on vehicles such as ships, aircraft, submarines, guided missiles, and spacecraft. Older INS systems generally used an inertial platform as their mounting point to the vehicle and the terms are sometimes considered synonymous.
ATC code R
ATC code R Respiratory system is a section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QR. National issues of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.

Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System is a drug classification system that classifies the active ingredients of drugs according to the organ or system on which they act and their therapeutic, pharmacological and chemical properties. Its purpose is an aid to monitor drug use and for research to improve quality medication use. It does not imply drug recommendation or efficacy. It is controlled by the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC), and was first published in 1976.
Soch Kral
Soch Kral (1782 – 29 November 1854), was a Kashmiri Sufi poet, and is a Sufi saint. He was born in 1782 in the village of Inder, in present-day Pulwama district, Jammu and Kashmir. He was a potter by profession. He lived a simple life devoted to spirituality, monotheism and mysticism. He was the son of the Sufi poet Arif Kral.

Soch Kral may have migrated to the village of Devsar in the Anantnag district, where his descendants are still living. He married but divorced his wife, and died on 29 November 1854 in Inder. He was a contemporary of Kashmiri Sufi poets such as Mahmud Gami, Wahab Khar, Karam Buland, and Shah Qalandar. Soch Kral was mentored by Sufi saint Moomin Sahib of Babgam, Pulwama.

Wahab Khar
Abdul Wahab Khar (c. 1842 – c. 1912), also appears as Wahab Khar, was the 19th-century Kashmiri Sufi mystic poet and saint. He is sometimes referred to as "scholar" & "metaphysist" for his contribution to the literature & Tasawuf . He was actively engaged in writing Sufi devotional poems and used to attend musical gatherings throughout his life. From the poetry's perspective, he is primarily known for his devotional poetic book titled Verses of Wahab Khar, comprising Kashmiri language poems which was later published by the Kashmir Jay Kay Books in 2007.
Roy Padilla Sr.
Casimero "Roy" Bustamante Padilla Sr. (Tagalog pronunciation: [paˈdilja]; March 4, 1926 – January 17, 1988) was a Filipino politician and actor who served as governor of the province of Camarines Norte from 1986 until his assassination in 1988 as a member of Corazon Aquino's UNIDO ticket. He was succeeded by his son, Roy Padilla Jr. He briefly went on to use the name "Carlos Roy Padilla" on his earlier brief stint as an actor and director.

Governor of Camarines Norte
The governor of Camarines Norte is the local chief executive and head of the Provincial Government of Camarines Norte in the Philippines. Along with the governors of Albay, Camarines Sur, Catanduanes, Masbate, and Sorsogon, the province's chief executive is a member of the Regional Development Council of the Bicol Region.
2017 Armenian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Armenia on 2 April 2017. They were the first elections after a constitutional referendum in 2015 that approved reforms for the country to become a parliamentary republic. The result was a victory for the ruling Republican Party of Armenia, which won 58 of the 105 seats in the National Assembly.

2015 Armenian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Armenia on 6 December 2015. Its amendments to the constitution put the country on a course from having a semi-presidential system to being a parliamentary republic, with the changes beginning to take place during the 2017–18 electoral cycle. The referendum passed with 66% of voters supporting it. Voter turnout was 51%, passing the 33% threshold to validate the results.

Opponents of the new constitution, who argued that the amendment was President Serzh Sargsyan's way to stay in power after the end of his second and last term in office, alleged that violence, coercion and electoral fraud were used to secure the vote.
Ancalagon minor
Ancalagon minor is an extinct priapulid worm known from the Cambrian Burgess Shale.

Because it superficially resembles the modern-day internal parasites known as the acanthocephalids or "spiny-headed worms," A. minor was once thought to be, or once thought to resemble the hypothetical free-living ancestor of acanthocephalids. Two specimens of Ancalagon are known from the Greater Phyllopod bed, where they comprise < 0.01% of the community.

Along with the other Cambrian worms such as Ottoia, Selkirkia, Louisella, Fieldia, Scolecofurca, and Lecythioscopa, the organism may fall into a clade termed "Archaeopriapulida," a stem group to the Priapulids proper. However, the morphological similarity of these organisms to their modern cousins is remarkable, especially for the Burgess Shale.  A phylogenetic analysis does not provide a great deal of resolution to the relationships between these basal worms.

Ottoia
Ottoia is a stem-group archaeopriapulid worm known from Cambrian fossils. Although priapulid-like worms from various Cambrian deposits are often referred to Ottoia on spurious grounds, the only clear Ottoia macrofossils come from the Burgess Shale of British Columbia, which was deposited 508 million years ago. Microfossils extend the record of Ottoia throughout the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, from the mid- to late- Cambrian. A few fossil finds are also known from China.
Baron Glastonbury
Baron Glastonbury is a title that was created twice in the Peerage of Great Britain. The first creation came on 19 March 1719 (as Baroness Glastonbury), as a life peerage and as a subsidiary title for Ehrengard Melusine von der Schulenburg, Duchess of Kendal and Munster, mistress of George I.

The second creation came on 29 October 1797 when the politician James Grenville was made Baron Glastonbury, of Butleigh in the County of Somerset, with remainder, in default of male issue of his own, to his younger brother General Richard Grenville and the heirs male of his body. A member of the influential Grenville family, he was the eldest son of the Honourable James Grenville, third son of Richard Grenville and Hester Grenville, 1st Countess Temple (see Viscount Cobham for more information on the Grenville family). General Richard Grenville died unmarried in 1823. Lord Glastonbury was also unmarried and the title consequently became extinct on his death in 1825.

Viscount Cobham
Viscount Cobham is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain that was created in 1718. Owing to its special remainder, the title has passed through several families. Since 1889, it has been held by members of the Lyttelton family.

The barony and viscountcy of Cobham were subsidiary titles of the Earldom of Temple from 1749 to 1784, then subsidiary titles of the Marquessate of Buckingham from 1784 to 1822 and of the Dukedom of Buckingham and Chandos from 1822 to 1889. Since the latter year, the Cobham titles have been merged with the titles of Baron Lyttelton and Baron Westcote.
1935 International Lawn Tennis Challenge Europe Zone
The Europe Zone was one of the two regional zones of the 1935 International Lawn Tennis Challenge.

Due to increased political tensions in Europe, entries for the Europe Zone declined sharply, causing the Qualifying Round system to be scrapped. 11 teams entered the Europe Zone, with the winner going on to compete in the Inter-Zonal Final against the winner of the America Zone; 17 teams entering the qualifying rounds. Germany defeated Czechoslovakia in the final, and went on to face the United States in the Inter-Zonal Final.

1935 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1935 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the 30th edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. Due to increased political tensions in Europe, entries for the Europe Zone declined sharply, causing the qualifying round system to be scrapped. Only 11 teams would enter the Europe Zone, with 17 teams entering the qualifying rounds; while six would enter the Americas Zone, 4 in North America and 2 in South America. Estonia entered the tournament for the first time.

In the America Inter-Zonal Final the United States received a walkover due to Brazil's absence, while in the Europe Zone final Germany defeated Czechoslovakia. The United States defeated Germany in the Inter-Zonal play-off, but would fall to Great Britain in the challenge round. The final was played at the All England Club Centre Court in Wimbledon, London, England on 27–30 July.
Datu Patinggi Ali
Datu Patinggi Abang Ali bin Abang Amir (commonly known as Datu Patinggi Ali) was a key figure in the Sarawak Malays' resistance against the Brunei Empire, which occurred throughout Pengiran Indera Mahkota and Raja Muda Hashim's reign in the 1830s. He became one of the first supporters of the Brooke Raj and was hailed as Sarawak's first national hero. He played an important role in the 1830s uprising against Bruneian authority. In an endeavor to oppose Brunei's attempts to subjugate Sarawak through local leaders, he was described by contemporaries as a determined and courageous leader. After the Sarawak dispute ended, Brooke appointed Ali as his aide-de-camp.

Sultanate of Brunei (1368–1888)
The Sultanate of Brunei (Jawi: كسلطانن بروني) or simply Brunei (/bruːˈnaɪ/ broo-NY), also known as the Bruneian Empire, was a Malay sultanate centered around Brunei on the northern coast of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Brunei became a sovereign state around the 15th century, when it substantially expanded after the fall of Malacca to the Portuguese, extending throughout coastal areas of Borneo and the Philippines, before it declined in the 17th and 18th centuries. It became a British protectorate in the 19th century.
Lester Alvarez
Lester Andrew F. Alvarez (born September 18, 1988) is a Filipino professional coach and basketball player. He is the assistant coach for the Titan Ultra Giant Risers of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). Alvarez played college basketball for the Adamson Soaring Falcons. In UAAP Seasons 73 and 74, he was one of the key pieces to the Falcons squad alongside Alex Nuyles and Jerick Cañada, as they led the Falcons back to relevance in the UAAP.

Alvarez was drafted 15th overall by the Barako Bull Energy Cola. Although he played limited minutes, he was still able to win two PBA titles before playing in the MPBL.

Alex Nuyles
Alexander Nuyles (born July 25, 1989) is a Filipino former professional basketball player who last played for the Bicol Volcanoes of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL). He was drafted 9th overall by the Rain or Shine Elasto Painters in the 2013 PBA draft. He was left unprotected by Rain or Shine Elasto Painters in the 2014 PBA Expansion Draft. He was then selected by the Blackwater Elite with their third pick in the expansion draft.
In March 2015, Nuyles was traded to Kia (now Mahindra) for Reil Cervantes.
Astrotheology
Astrotheology is a discipline combining the methods and domains of space science with systematic theology. Astrotheology concerns the theological, cultural, and ethical implications of space exploration and identifies the elements of myth and religion in space science. Astrotheology is a "multi-disciplinary branch of theology that takes up the relationship between God and the creation, especially the creation of the universe over time." Ted F. Peters envisions astrotheology as "the meeting point between theologians and astrobiologists." A.C. Pieterse describes the field as a "prophetic wormhole that relates space-time to eschatological transformation", a theology of nature rather than a natural theology.

Outline of space science
The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to space science:

Space science – field that encompasses all of the scientific disciplines that involve space exploration and study natural phenomena and physical bodies occurring in outer space, such as space medicine and astrobiology.
Presidential transition of Bongbong Marcos
The presidential transition of Bongbong Marcos started when former senator Bongbong Marcos won the Philippine presidential election on May 9, 2022. Marcos topped the official count by the Congress of the Philippines with 31,629,783 votes. The joint bicameral Congress proclaimed Marcos as the president-elect and Sara Duterte as the vice president-elect on May 25, 2022. The transition lasted until the day of the president-elect's inauguration on June 30, 2022.

Inauguration of Bongbong Marcos
The inauguration of Bongbong Marcos as the president of the Philippines took place around noon (PHT) on Thursday, June 30, 2022, at the National Museum of Fine Arts. The chief justice of the Supreme Court Alexander Gesmundo administered the oath of office, a first in 18 years, since the previous two presidential oaths were administered by an associate justice.

It was the fourth Philippine presidential inauguration held at the National Museum of Fine Arts, as the venue was previously used for the inauguration of former presidents Manuel L. Quezon in 1935, José P. Laurel in 1943, and Manuel Roxas in 1946 when it was then known as the Legislative Building.

Sara Duterte, who was elected as the vice president of the Philippines, held a separate inauguration on Sunday, June 19, 2022, at the San Pedro Square in Davao City, but assumed the post on June 30. According to Duterte, her inauguration was scheduled earlier so that she could attend Marcos's.
Biswajit Dasgupta
Vice Admiral Biswajit Dasgupta, PVSM, AVSM, YSM, VSM is a retired officer of the Indian Navy. He served as the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Eastern Naval Command. He had earlier served as the Chief of Staff of ENC from 2020 to 2021, Controller of Personnel Services at Naval HQ from 2019 to 2020 and as the Flag Officer Commanding Eastern Fleet (FOCEF) from 2016 to 2018.

Yudh Seva Medal
The Yudh Seva Medal (lit. 'War Service Medal') is one of India's military decorations for distinguished service during wartime. It is awarded for a high degree of distinguished service in an operational context, which includes times of war, conflict, or hostilities and may be  awarded posthumously.

The award is the wartime equivalent of the Vishisht Seva Medal, which is a peacetime distinguished service decoration.

In 2019, Minty Agarwal became the first woman given the Yudh Seva Medal.