hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bifrenaria
Bifrenaria, abbreviated Bif. in horticultural trade, is a genus of plants in family Orchidaceae. It contains  20 species found in Panama, Trinidad and South America. There are no known uses for them, but their abundant, and at first glance artificial, flowers, make them favorites of orchid growers.

The genus can be split in two clearly distinct groups: one of highly robust plants with large flowers, that encompass the first species to be classified under the genus Bifrenaria; other of more delicate plants with smaller flowers occasionally classified as Stenocoryne or Adipe. There are two additional species that are normally classified as Bifrenaria, but which molecular analysis indicate to belong to different orchid groups entirely. One is Bifrenaria grandis which is endemic to Bolívia and which is now placed in Lacaena, and Bifrenaria steyermarkii, an inhabitant of the northern Amazon Forest, which does not have an alternative classification.

Maxillaria
Maxillaria, abbreviated as Max in the horticultural trade, is a large genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae). This is a diverse genus, with very different morphological forms. Their characteristics can vary widely.
They are commonly called spider orchids, flame orchids or tiger orchids. Their scientific name is derived from the Latin word maxilla, meaning jawbone, reflecting on the column and the base of the lip of some species, that may evoke a protruding jaw.
Ch (digraph)
Ch is a digraph in the Latin script. It is treated as a letter of its own in the Chamorro, Old Spanish, Czech, Slovak, Igbo, Uzbek, Quechua, Ladin, Guarani, Welsh, Cornish, Breton, Ukrainian Latynka, and Belarusian Łacinka alphabets. Formerly, ch was also considered a separate letter for collation purposes in Modern Spanish, Vietnamese, and sometimes in Polish; now the digraph ch in these languages continues to be used, but it is considered as a sequence of letters and sorted as such.

Chamorro language
Chamorro is an Austronesian language spoken by about 58,000 people, numbering about 25,800 on Guam and about 32,200 in the Northern Mariana Islands and elsewhere.

It is the historic native language of the Chamorro people, who are indigenous to the Mariana Islands, although it is less commonly spoken today than in the past. Chamorro has three distinct dialects: Guamanian, Rotanese, and that in the other Northern Mariana Islands (NMI).
Michael DeNoma
Michael (‘Mike’) Bernard DeNoma is an American banker and businessman. He is a director and board member of the International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children, where he has held the position for seventeen years.  DeNoma was previously at KBZ Bank, Myanmar’s largest private bank. where he served as the bank’s CEO from 2017 to 2020.  DeNoma’s career has seen him participate as Executive Board member at some of the most successful banks and brands in Asia.  Examples include chairman and board member of Chinatrust Commercial Bank and board member of Standard Chartered.

Standard Chartered
Standard Chartered PLC is a British multinational bank with operations in wealth management, corporate and investment banking, and treasury services. Despite being headquartered in the United Kingdom, it does not conduct retail banking in the UK, and around 90% of its profits come from Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

Standard Chartered has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It has secondary listings on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, the National Stock Exchange of India, and OTC Markets Group Pink. Its largest shareholder is the Government of Singapore–owned Temasek Holdings. The Financial Stability Board considers it a systemically important bank.

Maria Ramos is the group chair of Standard Chartered. Bill Winters is the current group chief executive.
First National Center (Omaha)
First National Center is a high-rise office building located at 1620 Dodge Street in Downtown Omaha, Nebraska, United States. It has 22 stories, making it one of the tallest buildings in the city of Omaha. Opened in 1971, First National Center served as the headquarters of First National Bank of Omaha until the completion of First National Bank Tower in 2002. The building is attached to a 19-story, 420-room Doubletree hotel and a 550-stall parking garage. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2025.

First National Bank Tower
The First National Bank Tower is an office skyscraper in Downtown Omaha, Nebraska, United States, and the official headquarters of First National Bank of Omaha. Rising to 634 feet (193 m) and 45 stories, it is the tallest building in Omaha and the state, and has been since its completion, overtaking the 30-story WoodmenLife Tower located nearby. Construction began in April 1999 and lasted until 2002, with the building's completion being the subject of ACEC and Emporis awards.

The construction of the tower and its parking garage heavily utilized cast-in-place concrete. Inside, the tower features a winter garden and the original facade of the Medical Arts Building, which was torn down to make space for the First National Bank Tower.

Currently, the building stands as the tallest completed building in the state of Nebraska, as the core of the under construction Mutual of Omaha Headquarters Tower surpassed it in 2025.
Radenko Nedeljković
Radenko Nedeljković (Serbian Cyrillic: Раденко Недељковић) is a Kosovo Serb politician. He was the Serbian government's municipal coordinator for Kosovska Mitrovica from 2007 to 2008 and leader of the Kosovska Mitrovica District from 2008 to 2013. In the latter role, he helped to oversee the Serb community's response to the 2011–13 North Kosovo Crisis. For most of his time in office, he was a member of the Democratic Party (DS).

North Kosovo crisis (2011–2013)
Clashes between the Republic of Kosovo and ethnic Serbs in northern Kosovo  began on 25 July 2011 when the Kosovo Police crossed into the Serb-controlled municipalities of North Kosovo, to control several administrative border crossings. This was done without the Kosovo Police consulting either Serbia or Kosovo Force (KFOR)/EULEX (European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo). Though tensions between the two sides eased somewhat after the intervention of NATO's KFOR forces, they remained high amid concern from the European Union, which also blamed Kosovo for the unilateral provocation. On 19 April 2013, an agreement was signed in Brussels between representatives of Kosovo and Serbia. The 15-point document granted devolved powers to North Kosovo regarding economic development, education, healthcare and urban planning, and several mechanisms that allowed a certain autonomy in justice, policing and electoral matters.
Lebanese New Zealanders
Lebanese New Zealanders refers to citizens or permanent residents of New Zealand of Lebanese ancestry. The community is diverse, having a large Christian religious base, being mostly Maronite Catholics and Greek Orthodox, while also having a small Muslim group of both the Shia and Sunni branches of Islam.

Lebanon, in both its modern-day form as the Lebanese state (declared in 1920, granted independence in 1943) and its historical form as the region of the Lebanon, has been a source of migrants to New Zealand for over two centuries. According to 2018 census, 1,278 Lebanese-descent people in New Zealand, with most of all people with Lebanese ancestry living in Auckland Region (46.0 percent), followed by the Wellington Region (21.8 percent), and the Otago Region (8.5 percent). Furthermore, 71.4 percent were born in New Zealand, up from 68.4 percent in 2013.

Lebanese Sunni Muslims
Lebanese Sunni Muslims (Arabic: المسلمون السنة اللبنانيين) refers to Lebanese people who are adherents of the Sunni branch of Islam in Lebanon, which is one of the largest denomination in Lebanon tied with Shias. Sunni Islam in Lebanon has a history of more than a millennium. According to a CIA 2018 study, Lebanese Sunni Muslims constitute an estimated 30.6% of Lebanon's population.

The Lebanese Sunni Muslims are highly concentrated in Lebanon's capital city - Beirut (West Beirut /or Beirut II), as well as Tripoli, Sidon, Western Beqaa, and in the countryside of the Akkar, Arsal. They also have a notable presence in Zahlé, Southern Lebanon, Marjaayoun and Chebaa.

Under the terms of an unwritten agreement known as the National Pact between the various political and religious leaders of Lebanon, Sunni notables traditionally held power in the Lebanese state together, and they are still the only ones eligible for the post of Prime Minister.
Holenbrunn–Selb railway
The Holenbrunn–Selb railway was  a branch line in Bavaria in southern Germany. It opened on 25 October 1894 initially just between Selb-Plößberg to Selb Untere Stadt. At Selb Untere Stadt this Lokalbahn line branched from the Cheb–Oberkotzau railway that went to Asch and Franzensbad over the border. The railway continued, as a goods line only, to the Hutschenreuther porcelain factory at Ludwigsmühle.

Rosenthal (company)
Rosenthal GmbH is a German manufacturer of porcelain products and other household goods. The original firm was founded in 1879 in Selb, Bavaria. Since 2009, Rosenthal has been owned by the Italian company Sambonet Paderno Industrie (Arcturus Group).
Microapartment
A microapartment, also known as a microflat, micro-condo, or micro-unit is a one-room, self-contained living space, usually purpose built, designed to accommodate a sitting space, sleeping space, bathroom and kitchenette with 14–32 square metres (150–350 sq ft).

Microapartments are becoming popular in urban centres in Europe, Japan, Hong Kong, China, South Africa and North America, maximizing profits for developers and landlords and providing relatively low-priced accommodation.

Unlike a traditional studio flat, residents may also have access to a communal kitchen, communal bathroom/shower, patio and roof garden. The microapartments are often designed for futons, or with pull-down beds, folding desks and tables, and extra-small or hidden appliances. Microapartments also differ from bedsits, the traditional British bed-sitting room, in that they are self-contained, with their own bathroom, toilet, and kitchenette.

Futon
A futon (布団) is a traditional Japanese style of bedding.

A complete futon set consists of a mattress (敷き布団, shikibuton; lit. "spreading futon") and a duvet (掛け布団, kakebuton; lit. "covering futon"). Both elements of a futon bedding set are pliable enough to be folded and stored away in a large closet (押入れ, oshiire) during the day. This allows a room to serve as a bedroom at night, but serve other purposes during the day.

Traditionally, futons are used on tatami, a type of mat used as a flooring material. It also provides a softer base than wooden or stone floors. Futons must be aired regularly to prevent mold from developing, and to keep the futon free of mites. Throughout Japan, futons can commonly be seen hanging over balconies, airing in the sun. Futon dryers may be used by those unable to hang out their futon.
2019 Treviso Open
The 2019 Treviso Open (sometimes known as the 2019 Dynamic Billard Italian Open) was a nine-ball pool tournament, and the second Euro Tour event of the 2019 season. The event was held from 8 to 11 May 2019, at the Best Western Premier BHR Treviso Hotel in Treviso, Italy. The event had a total prize pool of €38,000 with the winner of each event receiving €4,500. The event followed the Leende Open, and preceded the Austria Open.

The event was won by Polish player Konrad Juszczyszyn who defeated the Netherlands' Ivar Saris in the final 9–6. The defending champion was Fedor Gorst from the Netherlands, who defeated Mateusz Śniegocki 9–7 in the 2018 Treviso Open final. However, Gorst failed to progress to the knockout round. Russia's Kristina Tkach was the defending champion of the women's event, having defeated Oliwia Zalewska in the 2018 final 7–0. Tkach successfully defended the championship, defeating Marharyta Fefilava in the final 7–5.

Oliwia Zalewska
Oliwia Zalewska née Czuprynska (born 20 January 1995) is a Polish professional pool player. Zalewska is a former WPA World Nine-ball junior champion, winning the ladies event in 2011. She also reached the final the following year, losing in the final to Diana Khodjaeva. She is also a three-time winner of Euro Tour events, winning the 2015 Treviso Open, 2019 Antalya Open and 2019 Klagenfurt Open. In addition, she has reached four finals, and won a total of seven medals at events on the tour.
Kate Tupper Galpin
Kate Tupper Galpin (née Kate Tupper, 3 August 1855 – 1906) was an American educator and woman's club leader. For several years President of the Woman's Parliament of Southern California, Galpin was a natural teacher. Before instituting her classes in Southern California, she occupied the position of Professor of Pedagogy in the University of Nevada. During the five years of her residence in California, Galpin played an active part in the club life of the State, occupied many positions of honor, and through her classes in Shakespeare and Current Topics, conducted in Los Angeles and numerous outlying towns, contributed largely to the educational and intellectual life of the community. She gave five addresses before the Women's Congress at the Columbian Exposition, and lectured upon the suffrage platform throughout California.

University of Nevada, Reno
The University of Nevada, Reno (Nevada, the University of Nevada, or UNR) is a public land-grant research university in Reno, Nevada, United States. It is the state's flagship public university and primary land grant institution. It was founded on October 12, 1874, in Elko, Nevada.

The university is classified as a doctoral, R1 research university by the Carnegie Classification. In 2018, the university spent $144 million on research and development according to the National Science Foundation. Among its several schools and colleges, the university has a medical school and is home to the Donald W. Reynolds School of Journalism from which six Pulitzer Prize winners have graduated.
1970 LPGA Championship
The 1970 LPGA Championship was the 16th LPGA Championship, held June 11–15 at Pleasant Valley Country Club in Sutton, Massachusetts, southeast of Worcester.

In an 18-hole Monday playoff, Shirley Englehorn won her only major title, defeating 1967 champion Kathy Whitworth by four strokes. Englehorn bogeyed the second hole and parred the rest for a 74 (+1). Three years earlier Pleasant Valley, Whitworth had bested Englehorn by a stroke in 1967, after the pair had co-led after 54 holes. It was Englehorn's fourth consecutive victory during the 1970 season; defending champion Betsy Rawls tied for 26th, 21 strokes back.

This was the third LPGA Championship held at Pleasant Valley in four years, and the third of seven in an eight-year stretch.

1967 LPGA Championship
The 1967 LPGA Championship was the thirteenth LPGA Championship, held July 13–16 at Pleasant Valley Country Club in Sutton, Massachusetts, southeast of Worcester.

Kathy Whitworth sank a fifty-foot (15 m) birdie putt on the final hole to win the first of her three LPGA Championships, one stroke ahead of runner-up Shirley Englehorn; the two were in the final pairing as 54-hole co-leaders at 215 (−4). With three holes to play, Whitworth led by two strokes, but an Englehorn birdie on 16 and a Whitworth bogey on 17 left them tied on the final tee. Defending champion Gloria Ehret finished thirteen strokes back, tied for tenth. It was the third of Whitworth's six major titles.

This was the first of seven LPGA Championships held at Pleasant Valley in an eight-year stretch.
Alive (Gryffin album)
Alive is the second studio album by American record producer and musician Gryffin. The album was released through Darkroom and Geffen Records on November 4, 2022, serving as the follow-up to his debut album Gravity (2019).

Gryffin
Daniel Griffith (born September 29, 1987), known by his stage name Gryffin (often stylized as GRYFFIN), is an American musician, DJ, and music producer. He gained recognition for remixing some well-known songs such as Tove Lo's "Talking Body", Maroon 5's "Animals" and Years & Years' "Desire".
Strada statale 4 dir Via Salaria
The strada statale 4 dir Via Salaria (SS 4 dir) is a short Italian state highway, linking Strada statale 4 Via Salaria at Passo Corese to the A1 motorway at Fiano Romano.

It is a dual carriageway highway long only 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi), made in 1964 and managed by ANAS. It is recognized as a road of national interest.

Strada statale 4 Via Salaria
Strada statale 4 Via Salaria (SS 4) is an Italian state highway 208.2 kilometres (129.4 mi) long in Italy located in the regions of Lazio and Marche, linking Rome to the Adriatic Sea passing through Rieti and Ascoli Piceno. Its route retraces that of the ancient Via Salaria Roman road. It is a single carriageway highway for most of its route.
Kevin Smith (cornerback)
Kevin Rey Smith (born April 7, 1970) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback for nine seasons with the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas A&M Aggies, earning consensus All-American honors in 1991.  Smith won three Super Bowls with the Cowboys.

Texas A&M Aggies football
The Texas A&M Aggies football program represents Texas A&M University in the sport of American football.  The Aggies compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).  Texas A&M football claims three national titles and 18 conference titles. The team plays all home games at Kyle Field, a 102,733-person capacity outdoor stadium on the university campus.
Nick Bertozzi
Nick Bertozzi (born May 26, 1970) is an American comic book writer and artist, as well as a commercial illustrator and teacher of cartooning. His series Rubber Necker from Alternative Comics won the 2003 Harvey Awards for best new talent and best new series. He has published more than a dozen graphic novels, with about half of them collaborations and the rest written and drawn by Bertozzi.

Harvey Awards
The Harvey Awards are given for achievement in comic books. Named for writer-artist Harvey Kurtzman, the Harvey Awards were founded by Gary Groth in 1988, president of the publisher Fantagraphics, to be a successor to the Kirby Awards, which were discontinued in 1987.

The Harvey Awards are now nominated by the Harvey Awards Nomination Committee. The winners are selected by an open vote among comic-book professionals. The Harveys are no longer affiliated with Fantagraphics. The Harvey Awards Executive Committee is made up of unpaid volunteers, and the Awards are financed through sponsorships.

Since their inception, the awards have been hosted at a string of comic book conventions, starting at the Chicago Comicon, and subsequently moving to the Dallas Fantasy Fair, WonderCon, the Pittsburgh Comicon, the MoCCA Festival, the Baltimore Comic-Con, and currently the New York Comic Con.
Morphism of algebraic stacks
In algebraic geometry, given algebraic stacks  over a base category C, a morphism  of algebraic stacks is a functor such that .

More generally, one can also consider a morphism between prestacks (a stackification would be an example).

Algebraic stack
In mathematics, an algebraic stack is a vast generalization of algebraic spaces, or schemes, which are foundational for studying moduli theory. Many moduli spaces are constructed using techniques specific to algebraic stacks, such as Artin's representability theorem, which is used to construct the moduli space of pointed algebraic curves  and the moduli stack of elliptic curves. Originally, they were introduced by Alexander Grothendieck to keep track of automorphisms on moduli spaces, a technique which allows for treating these moduli spaces as if their underlying schemes or algebraic spaces are smooth. After Grothendieck developed the general theory of descent, and Giraud the general theory of stacks, the notion of algebraic stacks was defined by Michael Artin.
2014 Eastern Province Kings season
In 2014, the Eastern Province Kings will participate in the Currie Cup and the Vodacom Cup competitions. The Eastern Province U21 team will also play in the 2014 Under-21 Provincial Championship and the Eastern Province U19 team in the 2014 Under-19 Provincial Championship. As part of the Southern Kings franchise, a number of players also participated in friendlies for this franchise.

2014 Vodacom Cup
The 2014 Vodacom Cup was played between 7 March and 16 May 2014 and was the 17th edition of this annual domestic cup competition. This edition of the Vodacom Cup was played between fourteen provincial rugby union teams in South Africa from the Currie Cup Premier and First Divisions, as well as the Limpopo Blue Bulls and Simba XV from Kenya.
OC Muungano
Olympic Club Muungano  is a Congolese football club based in Bukavu, South Kivu province and currently playing in Linafoot Ligue 2.

Les Blanc et Bleu plays its home matches on Stade de la Concorde in Bukavu, with a capacity of 10,000 places.

Bukavu
Bukavu is a city in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), lying at the extreme south-western edge of Lake Kivu, west of Cyangugu in Rwanda, and separated from it by the outlet of the Ruzizi River.  It is the capital of the South Kivu Province and as of 2012 it had an estimated population of 806,940.

In 2021 it has an estimated urban population of 1,133,000.
Setsuko Thurlow
Setsuko Thurlow (サーロー 節子, Sārō Setsuko; born 3 January 1932), born Setsuko Nakamura (中村 節子, Nakamura Setsuko), is a Japanese–Canadian nuclear disarmament campaigner and Hibakusha who survived the atomic bombing of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945. She is mostly known throughout the world for being a leading figure of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear weapons (ICAN) and to have given the acceptance speech for its reception of the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize.

International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
The International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (abbreviated to ICAN, pronounced /ˈaɪkæn/ EYE-kan) is a global civil society coalition working to promote adherence to and full implementation of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons. The campaign helped bring about this treaty. ICAN was launched in 2007. In 2022, it counted 661 partner organizations in 110 countries.

The campaign received the 2017 Nobel Peace Prize "for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground-breaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons."
Surinder Kumar (politician)
Surinder Kumar (born 1982) is an Indian politician from Jammu & Kashmir. He is a Member of the Jammu & Kashmir Legislative Assembly representing the Bharatiya Janta Party from Marh Assembly constituency which is reserved for Scheduled Caste community in Jammu district.

Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly
The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly (Dogri: 𑠑𑠢𑠹𑠢𑠰 𑠙𑠳 𑠊𑠧𑠹𑠢𑠮𑠤 𑠊𑠺𑠝𑠰𑠝 𑠀𑠩𑠳𑠷𑠠𑠥𑠮 (in Dogri)); (Kashmiri: جۆم تہٕ کٔشیٖر مَجلِسہِ قۄنوٗن سٲزی (in Perso-Arabic), 𑆘𑆾𑇌𑆩𑇀 𑆠 𑆑𑆯𑆵𑆫𑇀 𑆩𑆘𑇀𑆬𑆴𑆱𑇀-𑆅 𑆑𑇊𑆾𑇋𑆳𑆤𑆷𑆤𑇀 𑆱𑆃𑆘𑇊𑆵 (in Sharada)) is the unicameral legislature of Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly is the legislative arm of the Government of Jammu and Kashmir. At present, it consists of 95 members, directly elected from 95 constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner.

Prior to 2019, the State of Jammu and Kashmir had a bicameral legislature with a legislative assembly (lower house) and a legislative council (upper house). The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, passed by the Parliament of India in August 2019, replaced this with a unicameral legislature while also re-organising the state into a union territory. The current 13th assembly was elected in September and October 2024.