hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gustav Cassel
Karl Gustav Cassel (20 October 1866 – 14 January 1945) was a Swedish economist and professor of economics at Stockholm University. Cassel was among the most prominent economists in the world in the interwar period. He made contributions to the study of value, monetary policy, and business cycles.

Cassel was influential in Swedish debates about central planning in the early 20th century. Prior to World War I, Cassel held classical liberal views but shifted towards conservative liberalism in the interwar period. Cassel was a leading critic of socialism and state intervention in the economy.

Purchasing power parity
Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a measure of the price of specific goods in different countries and is used to compare the absolute purchasing power of the countries' currencies. PPP is effectively the ratio of the price of a market basket at one location divided by the price of the basket of goods at a different location. The PPP inflation and exchange rate may differ from the market exchange rate because of tariffs and other transaction costs.

The purchasing power parity indicator can be used to compare economies regarding their gross domestic product (GDP), labour productivity and actual individual consumption, and in some cases to analyse price convergence and to compare the cost of living between places. The calculation of the PPP, according to the OECD, is made through a basket of goods that contains a "final product list [that] covers around 3,000 consumer goods and services, 30 occupations in government, 200 types of equipment goods and about 15 construction projects".
Cape Henlopen Light
Cape Henlopen Light was a lighthouse near Lewes, in present-day Cape Henlopen State Park, Delaware, United States.  The lighthouse was on the north side of the Great Dune on Cape Henlopen, Delaware. It was the sixth lighthouse built in the colonies.

Cape Henlopen
Cape Henlopen is the southern cape of the Delaware Bay along the Atlantic coast of the United States. It lies in the state of Delaware, near the town of Lewes, where the Delaware Bay meets the Atlantic Ocean. Off the coast on the bay side are two lighthouses, called the Harbor of Refuge Light and the Delaware Breakwater East End Light.
Serafino (comics)
Serafino is the title character of an Italian comic series created by Egidio Gherlizza.

The character originally debuted in 1948 as a kangaroo, but was redesigned as a more canine looking character in 1952. The comics series was originally published in the comics magazine Cucciolo, as a filler intended for the younger readers. It also named a short-lived eponym comic book series, published in Italy by Edizioni Alpe.

The comics feature an unlucky and always hungry tramp, initially portrayed as kangaroo and that over the years assumed more human appearances.

Edizioni Alpe
Edizioni Alpe (also known for a time in the late 1940s as  Edizioni Subalpino) was an Italian publishing house founded in 1939 and active until the late 1980s. Based in Milan, it published a series of magazines focusing on popular fiction genres—romance, science fiction, mystery—and the genre for which it was best known, comics.
Abdulla Abdurehim
Abdulla Abdurëhim (Uyghur: ئابدۇللا ئابدۇرېھىم, Chinese: 阿不都拉) is a Uyghur actor and singer known for Uyghur pop music. He also currently serves as a judge on the reality talent show The Voice of the Silk Road.

Known as the "King of Uyghur Pop", Abdulla's musical career and popularity has endured to the present day, with his work ranging from love songs and ballads to political and social commentary.

Abdulla's cousin is Möminjan Ablikim, another prominent Uyghur musician.

The Voice of the Silk Road
The Voice of the Silk Road (Uyghur: يىپەك يولى ساداسى, romanized: Yipek Yoli Sadasi, Йипәк Йоли Садаси; Chinese: 丝绸之路好声音; pinyin: Sīchóu Zhī Lù Hǎo Shēngyīn) is a reality talent show based in Xinjiang, China and broadcast in the Uyghur language. The television show airs regularly on Xinjiang Television Channel 9. The show is recorded at the Xinjiang Arts Institute Concert Hall.

The show premiered on 31 October 2014 as the first Uyghur televised singing competition of its kind and received positive reviews from the start.
Onesided livebearer
Jenynsia is a genus of freshwater fishes in the family Anablepidae. Like Anableps species, they are onesided livebearers: some sources indicate that they only mate on one side, right-"handed" males with left-"handed" females and vice versa. However, other sources dispute this. These South American fish are viviparous.

Stanley Howard Weitzman
Stanley Howard Weitzman (born March 16, 1927, in Mill Valley, California; died February 16, 2017) was a Research Scientist Emeritus at Division of Fishes, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C.
Machakhelistsqali
The Machakhelistsqali or Machakhlitskali (Georgian: მაჭახელისწყალი, Mač’axelisc’q’ali; Turkish: Maçahel Suyu) is a river that flows from the Artvin Province in Turkey to Adjara autonomous republic of Georgia. It's a right tributary of the Çoruh (Chorokhi).

Adjara
Adjara (Georgian: აჭარა Ach’ara [at͡ʃʼara] ⓘ) or Achara, officially known as the Autonomous Republic of Adjara (Georgian: აჭარის ავტონომიური რესპუბლიკა Ach’aris Avt’onomiuri Resp’ublik’a [atʃʼaris avtʼonomiuri respʼublikʼa] ⓘ), is a political-administrative region of Georgia. It is in the country's southwestern corner, on the coast of the Black Sea, near the foot of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, north of Turkey. It is an important tourist destination and includes Georgia's second most populous city of Batumi as its capital. About 401,100 people live on its 2,880 km2 (1,110 sq mi).

Adjara is home to the Adjarians, a regional subgroup of Georgians. The name can be spelled in a number of ways: Ajara, Ajaria, Adjaria, Adzharia, Atchara and Achara. Under the Soviet Union, Adjara was part of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic as the Adjarian ASSR. The autonomous status of Adjara is guaranteed under article 6 of the Treaty of Kars.
Niederbruck
Niederbruck (French pronunciation: [nidəʁbʁyk]; Alsatian: Nìderbrucke) is a former commune in the Haut-Rhin department in north-eastern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Masevaux-Niederbruck.

Masevaux-Niederbruck
Masevaux-Niederbruck (French pronunciation: [mazvo nidəʁbʁyk] ⓘ; German: Masmünster-Niederbruck; Alsatian: Màsmìnschter-Niderbrucke) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of northeastern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Masevaux and Niederbruck.
Sonia Jones
Sonia Jones is a singer who is recognised for her session, touring and soundtrack performances. Her session work has included pop acts of the 1970s and 1980s. She sang the title track for the film Monty Python's Life of Brian (1979).

She is the vocal coach for, among others, Rita Ora, Joy Crookes, and Izzy Bizu.

She manages the rock/soul duo "Bagawire". She has performed live in Madison Square Garden and Hyde Park Princes Trust with The Who.

She lives in London and her daughter, Jade Harmony Morgan, is a music producer. She was married to the late singer-songwriter and former Living in a Box frontman, Richard Darbyshire.

Richard Darbyshire
Richard Simon Darbyshire (8 March 1960 – 10 November 2025) was an English singer, songwriter and record producer.  He was lead vocalist and guitarist for the pop band Living in a Box from 1985 to 1990.  Darbyshire split with the band before their third studio album was completed.

In 1994, Darbyshire released his debut solo studio album, How Many Angels. He also wrote and produced songs for various artists including Lisa Stansfield, Mike Francis, Mónica Naranjo, Level 42, and Jennifer Rush.
Zeiten ändern dich (album)
Zeiten ändern dich ("[The] Times Change You") is the seventh solo album by German rapper Bushido and also the soundtrack of his movie Zeiten ändern dich. The lead single "Alles wird gut" was released on 5 February 2010 and the second single "Zeiten ändern dich" on 6 August 2010.

Bushido (rapper)
Anis Mohamed Youssef Ferchichi (born 28 September 1978), better known by his alias Bushido, is a German rapper, hip-hop producer, and entrepreneur. He is also the co-founder of the record label ersguterjunge.

Raised in Berlin, Ferchichi came in contact with hip-hop through graffiti and his friend and fellow rapper Fler. In 2001, Ferchichi released his demo King of KingZ, which later led him to sign a record label deal with Aggro Berlin. Ferchichi's first official release was Carlo Cokxxx Nutten in 2002, a collaboration with Fler.
Roger Moses
Roger John Moses CNZM (born November 1954) is a New Zealand educationalist who has taught at Auckland Grammar School, Macleans College, Mahurangi College, and Waihi College. Moses was appointed as headmaster of Wellington College in 1995 and was made an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the 2009 Birthday Honours. He was chairman of the Association of Boys’ Schools of New Zealand from 2009 to 2017 and winner of the education section of the Wellingtonian of the Year in 2015. Moses resigned as Headmaster of Wellington College in 2018 and in the same year received an Absolutely Positively Wellingtonian Award. Moses was made a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the 2020 New Year Honours and was appointed to the board of the New Zealand Qualifications Authority in 2021.

2020 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The 2020 New Year Honours in New Zealand were appointments by Elizabeth II in her right as Queen of New Zealand, on the advice of the New Zealand government, to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders, and to celebrate the passing of 2019 and the beginning of 2020. They were announced on 31 December 2019.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.
Osen (river)
The Osen (Russian: Осень) is a river in Bezhetsky District of Tver Oblast in Russia. It is a major right tributary of the Mologa. It is 8.7 kilometres (5.4 mi) long, and the area of its basin is 3,210 square kilometres (1,240 sq mi).

The source of the Osen is located in Tver Oblast, close to the village of Pereuz. The Osen is formed by the confluence of two rivers, the Mogocha and the Melecha, both of which are about 100 kilometres (62 mi) long. The Osen flows southwest and joins the Mologa at the village of Yeski.

Despite the short length, the Osen has a rather big drainage area. It includes almost all of Molokovsky District, the southern half of Sandovsky District, the northern and the western parts of Bezhetsky District, and the southern half of Krasnokholmsky District, as well as minor areas in Vesyegonsky and Sonkovsky districts. The town of Krasny Kholm and the urban-type settlement of Molokovo lie in the drainage basin of the Osen.

Bezhetsky District
Bezhetsky District (Russian: Бе́жецкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast and borders with Molokovsky District in the north, Krasnokholmsky District in the northwest, Sonkovsky and Kesovogorsky Districts in the east, Kashinsky District in the southeast, Rameshkovsky District in the south, and with Maksatikhinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,810 square kilometers (1,080 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Bezhetsk. Population: 36,701 (2010 Census);  14,277 (2002 census); 18,786 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Bezhetsk accounts for 66.8% of the district's total population.
East Wilton, Maine
East Wilton is an unincorporated village in the town of Wilton, Franklin County, Maine, United States. The community is located along U.S. Route 2, 4.3 miles (6.9 km) south-southwest of Farmington. East Wilton has a post office, with ZIP code 04234, which opened on February 29, 1828.

Franklin County, Maine
Franklin County is a county located in the state of Maine, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 29,456, making it the second-least populous county in Maine. Its county seat is Farmington. The county was established on May 9, 1838, and named for Benjamin Franklin.
MTR Metro Cammell EMU (DC)
The Metro-Cammell EMU (also known as M-Train or Modernisation Train, Chinese: 港鐵現代化列車) is the oldest type of electric multiple unit that operates on the MTR rapid transit railway system in Hong Kong. A total of 768 cars were built by Metro-Cammell in England (and its successor GEC-Alsthom, later known as Alstom) between 1977 and 1994, and refurbished from 1998 to 2001 by United Goninan (now UGL).

Tsuen Wan line
The Tsuen Wan line (Chinese: 荃灣綫) is one of the ten lines of the metro network in Hong Kong's MTR.

There are 16 stations on the line. The southern terminus is Central station on Hong Kong Island and the northwestern terminus is Tsuen Wan station in the New Territories. A journey on the entire line takes 35 minutes.

As a cross-harbour route that goes through the heart of Kowloon and densely populated Sham Shui Po and Kwai Chung, the line is very heavily travelled.
Heaton Moor
Heaton Moor is a suburb of Stockport, Greater Manchester, England. It is one of the Four Heatons and borders Heaton Chapel, Heaton Norris and Heaton Mersey. Heaton Moor has Victorian housing, built between 1852 and 1892, along affluent tree-lined streets which follow the field patterns of a former agricultural economy.

Reddish
Reddish is an area of the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport, Greater Manchester, England; it lies 4.6 miles (7.4 km) south-east of Manchester city centre. At the 2011 census, the population was 28,052. Historically part of Lancashire, Reddish grew rapidly in the Industrial Revolution and still retains landmarks from that period, such as Houldsworth Mill, a former textile mill. Reddish Vale is a country park.
Rainer von Fieandt
Berndt Rainer von Fieandt (26 December 1890 – 28 April 1972) was a Finnish banker and official without party affiliation. 
He was appointed as the Governor of the Bank of Finland in 1955 before being appointed by the President to form a cabinet. He served as the Prime Minister of Finland in 1957 and 1958.

Bank of Finland
The Bank of Finland (Finnish: Suomen Pankki, Swedish: Finlands Bank) is the national central bank for Finland within the Eurosystem. It was the Finnish central bank from 1865 to 1998, issuing the markka. It views itself as the fourth oldest surviving central bank in the world, after Sweden's Riksbank, the Bank of England, and the Bank of France, having been originally created in 1811-1812 as the Office of Exchange, Lending, and Deposits of the Grand Duchy of Finland (Finnish: Waihetus-, Laina- ja Depositioni-Contori Suomen Suuren-ruhtinaanmaassa) before taking its current name in 1840. Unlike many other longstanding central banks, it has always been government-owned.

The Bank of Finland is not itself a financial supervisory authority, but participates in European banking supervision as a member of the Supervisory Board of the European Central Bank. It is also a member of the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB).
Listed buildings in Stanwix Rural
Stanwix Rural is a civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England.  It contains 63 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, three are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish is to the northeast of the city of Carlisle, and contains the villages of Houghton, Low Crosby, High Crosby, Brunstock, Linstock, Tarraby, and Rickerby, and the surrounding countryside.  The oldest two listed buildings originated as tower houses, and have since been extended and altered.  Most of the listed buildings are country houses and smaller houses, some with associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings.  The other listed buildings include churches, milestones, a public house, schools, a war memorial, and an isolated tower.

Stanwix Rural
Stanwix Rural is a civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England, immediately to the north east of Carlisle itself – parts of the Carlisle urban area are in the parish boundaries.

The parish includes the villages and hamlets of Brunstock, Houghton, High Crosby, Linstock, Low Crosby, Rickerby, Tarraby and parts of Harker and Whiteclosegate.

Before 1966 the parish was simply called Stanwix although the village of Stanwix itself had been, in 1912, incorporated into the city, civil parish and municipal borough of Carlisle.

The parish was subject to various boundary changes between 1866 and 1934 when it absorbed the former civil parish of Crosby-on-Eden.

The River Eden forms the southern edge of the parish and the M6 motorway and A689 road both run through the area.
Chief Adviser of Bangladesh
The chief adviser of Bangladesh, officially the chief adviser of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is the chief executive of the caretaker and the interim government of Bangladesh, who serves as the head of government during the transition period between one elected government and another. With powers roughly equivalent to those of the prime minister of an elected government, their executive power is limited by the constitution. The chief adviser leads an advisory committee comprising several advisers (equivalent to a minister), all of them selected from among politically neutral individuals to be acceptable to all major political parties. The office of the chief adviser is called Chief Adviser's Office.

Tejgaon Thana
Tejgaon (Bengali: তেজগাঁও) is a thana of Dhaka District in the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is in the centre of Dhaka, the capital. In 2006, the boundaries of the thana were redrawn when Tejgaon Industrial Area Thana was created out of the former larger area and again in 2009, when Sher-e-Bangla Nagar Thana was created.

This is an important area of Dhaka city as the prime minister's office is here. It is bounded by Mohakhali to the north, Old Airport Road to the east, Moghbazar-Malibagh to the south and Dhanmondi to the west. It consists of several localities, including Tejgaon Industrial Area, Kawran Bazar, Nakhalpara, Shaheen Bag, Arjat para, East Raja Bazar, West Raja Bazar, Tejturi Bazar, Monipuripara and Tejkunipara.
Sergei Belov
Sergei Alexandrovich Belov (Russian: Серге́й Алекса́ндрович Бело́в; 23 January 1944 – 3 October 2013) was a Russian professional basketball player, most noted for playing for CSKA Moscow and the senior Soviet Union national basketball team. He is considered to be one of the best European basketball players of all time, and was given the honour of lighting the Olympic Cauldron with the Olympic flame during the 1980 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, in Moscow.

In 1991, Belov was named by FIBA as the Best FIBA Player ever. He became the first international player to be inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame on 11 May 1992. Belov was named to the FIBA All-Time EuroStars Team in 2007. He was also inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2007 and was named one of the 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors in 2008. In 2018, he was named one of the 101 Greats of European Basketball.

EuroBasket 1979
The 1979 FIBA European Championship, commonly called FIBA EuroBasket 1979, was the 21st FIBA EuroBasket regional basketball championship, held by FIBA Europe.  Twelve national teams affiliated with the International Basketball Federation entered the competition.  The competition was hosted by Italy. Mestre, Siena, Gorizia and Turin were the venues of the event.
Pollution in Canada
Pollution is an environmental issue in Canada. It has posed health risks to the Canadian population and is an area of concern for Canadian lawmakers. Air, water and soil pollution as well as the associated health effects are prominent points of contention in modern Canadian society.

Environmental issues in Canada
Environmental issues in Canada include impacts of climate change, air and water pollution, mining, logging, and the degradation of natural habitats. As one of the world's significant emitters of greenhouse gasses, Canada has the potential to make contributions to curbing climate change with its environmental policies and conservation efforts.
Great ape language
Great ape language research historically involved attempts to teach chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans to communicate using imitative human speech, sign language, physical tokens and computerized lexigrams. These studies were controversial, with debate focused on the definition of language, the welfare of test subjects, and the anthropocentric nature of this line of inquiry.

The consensus among linguists remains that human language is unique.

Contemporary research has steered away from attempting to teach apes human language and focuses instead on observing apes' intraspecies communication in zoos and natural habitats. This includes gestures, facial expressions, and vocalizations.

Roger Fouts
Roger S. Fouts (born June 8, 1943) is a retired American primate researcher. He was co-founder and co-director of the Chimpanzee and Human Communication Institute (CHCI) in Washington, and a professor of psychology at the Central Washington University. He is best known for his role in teaching Washoe the chimpanzee to communicate using a set of signs adapted from American sign language.

Fouts is an animal rights advocate, citing the New Zealand Animal Welfare Act as a model for legal rights for the Great Apes (Hominidae), and campaigning with British primatologist Jane Goodall for improved conditions for chimpanzees. He has written on animal law and on the ethics of animal testing. He is also an adviser to the Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics.

He is married to Deborah Fouts, who was the co-director and co-founder of CHCI.
Aghacullion
Aghacullion (from Irish  Achadh an Chuilinn 'field of the holly') is a rural townland in County Down, Northern Ireland. It has an area of 223.77 acres (0.91 km2). It is situated in the civil parish of  Kilcoo and the historic barony of Iveagh Upper, Lower Half, located  miles 2 north-west of Newcastle. It lies within the Newry, Mourne and Down District Council.

Kilcoo
Kilcoo (from Irish Cill Chua, meaning 'church of mourning' – from the legend that Saint Patrick's body stayed there while on its way to Downpatrick to be buried) is a small village and civil parish in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies between Rathfriland and Castlewellan and is within the Newry, Mourne and Down District Council area. The village is on the A25 Dublin Road 6 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Castlewellan. Kilcoo had a population 496 people as of the 2021 census.
Ungureanu cabinet
The Ungureanu cabinet was a cabinet of ministers which briefly governed Romania during early 2012. Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu was designated by former President Traian Băsescu to form a new government after the previous PM before, more specifically Emil Boc, left office in the wake of the 2012 Romanian protests, decision officially approved by the state president on 9 February 2012. Ungureanu's cabinet did not last in office long as it was subsequently dissolved on 27 April 2012.

Coalition members:   PDL,   UNPR,   UDMR, and   Independent ministers

2012 Romanian protests
The 2012 Romanian protests were a series of protests and civil manifestations triggered by the introduction of new health reform legislation. In particular, President Traian Băsescu criticized the Deputy Minister of Health, Raed Arafat, on a Romanian television broadcast. The protests became violent, with both protesters and members of the Gendarmerie sustaining injuries during their clashes.

On the morning of 5 February 2012, Prime Minister Emil Boc announced his resignation because of the protests. He said that his decision would release the tension in the country's political and social situation.
Protests, on a lesser scale, continued in University Square in Bucharest. The protesters demanded the president's resignation and early general elections.
There were ongoing protests in Romania in subsequent months over a variety of disagreements.