hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alfonso Albéniz
Alfonso Albéniz Jordana (11 September 1885 – 27 September 1941) was a Spanish footballer and referee, as well as a renowned chemical engineer, lecturer and later a diplomat. He is best known for being the first-ever player to play for both FC Barcelona and Real Madrid, which he achieved when he moved out from Catalonia to the Spanish capital for study purposes.

In addition to football, he also practiced cricket, tennis, cycling, and was an outstanding rugby player in France. He was one of the founders of both the College of Referees of the Center in 1914, the first college for such in Spain, and the National Committee of Referees in 1922, serving as its second and first president respectively.

National Committee of Referees
The National Committee of Referees (Spanish: Comité National de Árbitros), also known as Technical Committee of Referees, directly attends to the functioning of the federative collective of referees and is responsible, under subordination to the president of the RFEF, for the government, representation, and administration of the functions attributed to them. It is in charge of the operation and organization of the Spanish arbitration world. Of course, it is the body in charge of appointing matches or promotions of referees, assistant referees, match delegates, and football and futsal reporters in national categories. Likewise, it is the body in charge of communicating to FIFA the selection of international referees and assistants each season.
Gérard Janvion
Gérard Janvion (French pronunciation: [ʒeʁaʁ ʒɑ̃vjɔ̃]; born 21 August 1953) is a French former professional footballer who played as a defender. A French international from 1975 to 1982 he made 40 appearances for the France national team. Having started his senior career in 1972 at Saint-Étienne he went on to spend most of playing days there before joining Paris Saint-Germain in 1983. He retired from playing in 1987 after a two-year stint with Béziers.

AS Béziers Hérault (football)
Association sportive de Béziers was a French association football team playing in the city of Béziers, Hérault. The team was founded in 1911 and was dissolved in 1990, due to financial problems. The team was the football section of successful rugby club AS Béziers Hérault.
Nykøbing Falster Håndboldklub
Nykøbing Falster Håndboldklub (Nykøbing Falster Handball Club) is a Danish professional handball club from Nykøbing Falster. In the 2024–25 season, the club competes in the Danish Women's Handball League. They have a local rivalry with København Håndbold.

Nykøbing Falster
Nykøbing Falster (IPA: [ˈnyˌkʰøˀpe̝ŋ ˈfælˀstɐ] ⓘ; originally named Nykøbing) is a city on the island of Falster in southern Denmark. It has a population of 16,682 (1 January 2025). Including the satellite town Sundby on the Lolland side, with a population of 3,246, the total population is 19,928.

Nykøbing Falster is the seat of the Guldborgsund kommune in Region Sjælland. The city lies on Falster, and is connected by the 295-metre-long (323 yd) Frederick IX Bridge over the Guldborgsund (Guldborg Strait) waterway to the island of Lolland.
Delbhna
The Delbna or Delbhna were a Gaelic Irish tribe in Ireland, claiming kinship with the Dál gCais, through descent from Dealbhna son of Cas. Originally one large population, they had a number of branches in Connacht, Meath, and Munster in Ireland.

Kingdom of Meath
Meath (/miːð/ MEEDH; Modern Irish: Mí; Old Irish: Mide [ˈmʲiðʲe]) was a kingdom in Ireland from the 1st to the 12th century AD. Its name means "middle," denoting its location in the middle of the island.

At its greatest extent, it included all of County Meath (which takes its name from the kingdom), all of County Westmeath, and parts of counties Cavan, Dublin, Kildare, Longford, Louth and Offaly.
Secretary of Fisheries (Mexico)
In Mexico the Secretary of Fisheries was the head of the Secretariat of Fisheries (Secretaría de Pesca, SEPESCA). The secretary was a member of the presidential cabinet.

In 1994 President Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León merged the Secretariat of Fisheries and the Secretariat of the Environment to create the Secretariat of the Environment, Natural Resources and Fisheries (Secretaría del Medio Ambiente, Recursos Naturales y Pesca, SEMARNAP), which itself was later replaced by the Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT) in 2000.

The last three Secretaries of Fisheries were:

Pedro Ojeda Paullada (1982–1988)

María de los Ángeles Moreno (1988–1991)

Guillermo Jiménez Morales (1991–1994)

Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources
The Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources (in Spanish: Secretaría del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, SEMARNAT) is Mexico's environment ministry. Its head, the Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources, is a member of the federal executive cabinet and is appointed by the President of Mexico. In September 2020, President Andrés Manuel López Obrador appointed María Luisa Albores González as Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources, the third person to occupy the post since López Obrador became President less than two years earlier in December 2018.

The Secretariat is charged with the mission of protecting, restoring, and conserving the ecosystems, natural resources, assets and environmental services of Mexico with the goal of fostering sustainable development.
HIV/AIDS in Ghana
HIV/AIDS is persistent in Ghana, with an overall HIV prevalence of 1.6%. As of 2022, approximately 355,000 people in Ghana are living with HIV. Although new HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths have both been decreasing annually since 2007, there were still approximately 17,000 new HIV infections and 9,000 AIDS-related deaths in Ghana in 2022.

Historically, HIV prevalence has been highest in the Eastern Region of Ghana and lowest in the northern regions of Ghana. In response to the epidemic, the government has established the Ghana AIDS Commission which coordinates efforts amongst NGO's, international organizations and other parties to support the education about and treatment of aids throughout Ghana and alleviating HIV/AIDS issues in Ghana.

Ghana AIDS Commission
The Ghana AIDS Commission is a supra-ministerial and multi-sectorial body in Ghana. It was established by Act 2016, Act 938 of the Parliament of Ghana. It consists of 47 members including the President and the Vice President, 15 Ministers of State and two members of the Parliament.
Ken Richardson (basketball)
Ken Richardson (May 24, 1950 – October 22, 2013) was an American basketball player who played his entire professional career in Australia. He became a South Australian basketball icon playing for the West Adelaide Bearcats in the SA State League and the National Basketball League (NBL). Richardson, who played his college basketball at Ohio Dominican University and was a Mid Ohio Conference First Team selection in 1970–71, joined West Adelaide in 1974, winning the 1975 Woollacott Medal en route to his first SA state championship. He went on to win the NBL's inaugural Most Valuable Player award in 1979 and led the Bearcats to the NBL championship in 1982 as player-coach.

NBL1 Central
NBL1 Central, formerly the Premier League, is a semi-professional basketball league in South Australia, comprising both a men's and women's competition. In 2020, Basketball South Australia partnered with the National Basketball League (NBL) to bring NBL1 to South Australia. NBL1 replaced the former Premier League to create more professional pathways and opportunities for males and females playing basketball in South Australia. As a result, the Premier League became the central conference of NBL1.
Telmatrechus
Telmatrechus is an extinct heteropteran genus in the water strider family Gerridae which is solely known from Early Eocene sediments exposed in western North America. The genus contains three described species, the type species Telmatrechus parallelus, plus Telmatrechus defunctus, and Telmatrechus stali.  The genus has been considered closest to remigis-group species of the living Aquarius, which are all confined to the Nearctic.

Ypresian
In the geologic timescale the Ypresian is the oldest age or lowest stratigraphic stage of the Eocene. It spans the time between 56 and 48.07 Ma, is preceded by the Thanetian Age (part of the Paleocene) and is followed by the Eocene Lutetian Age. The Ypresian is consistent with the Lower Eocene (Early Eocene).
Geneva Steel
Geneva Steel was a steel mill located in Vineyard, Utah, United States, founded during World War II to enhance national steel output. It operated from December 1944 to November 2001. Its unique name came from a resort that once operated nearby on the shore of Utah Lake.

Steel mill
A steel mill or steelworks is an industrial plant for the manufacture of steel. It may be an integrated steel works carrying out all steps of steelmaking from smelting iron ore to rolled product, but may also be a plant where steel semi-finished casting products are made from molten pig iron or from scrap.
Comunidad del Sur
La Comunidad del Sur (in English: the Community of the South) is an Uruguayan anarcho-communist, feminist, environmentalist collective and eco-community. Founded in 1955 by Uruguayan students and artists who wanted to live according to anarchist principles, the collective settled in a suburb of Montevideo. Following the 1973 military coup and significant state repression of its members, the community went into exile in Peru and then Sweden, where it founded its publishing house, Nordan, and its graphic workshops, Tryckop. The collective returned to Uruguay after the end of the dictatorship, re-establishing itself as an eco-community.

La Comunidad del Sur and the political stances adopted by its members since the 1960s are relatively important for the evolution and political life of Uruguay on subjects such as feminism, LGBTQI+ struggles, and political ecology. The community's archives are noted as being valuable for studying South American social movements since the 1960s.

Anarchist communism
Anarchist communism is a far-left political ideology and anarchist school of thought that advocates a form of communism. It calls for the abolition of hierarchies, as well as private property but retention of personal property and collectively owned items, goods, and services. It supports social ownership of property and the distribution of resources (i.e. from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs).

Anarchist communism was first formulated as such in the Italian section of the International Workingmen's Association. The theoretical work of Peter Kropotkin took importance later as it expanded and developed pro-organizationalist and insurrectionary anti-organizationalist section. Examples of anarchist communist societies are the anarchist territories of the Makhnovshchina during the Russian Revolution, and those of the Spanish Revolution, most notably revolutionary Catalonia.
Combustication Remix EP
Combustication Remix EP, also called Combustication Remixes,  is a 1999 EP by Medeski Martin & Wood, released by Blue Note Records. It consists of remixes of songs from their album Combustication by Guru, DJ Logic, Dan the Automator, Yuka Honda and Bill Laswell.

Guru (rapper)
Keith Edward Elam (July 17, 1961 – April 19, 2010), better known by his stage name Guru, was an American rapper, record producer and actor. He was a member of the hip-hop duo Gang Starr, along with DJ Premier. He was born in Boston.

In 2012, About.com placed him No. 49 on their list of Top 50 MCs of Our Time, and The Source ranked him No. 30 on their list of Top 50 Lyricists of All Time, saying "Guru dropped some of the most thoughtful rhymes on wax".

Guru died on April 19, 2010, from myeloma at age 48.
United Kingdom in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2022
The United Kingdom returned to compete in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2022 in Armenia, which was held on 11 December 2022 in Yerevan. On 25 August 2022, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) announced that the country would return to the contest after a sixteen-year absence, replacing ITV who previously organised the country’s participation in the contest between 2003 and 2005. Freya Skye was selected as the UK entrant with the song "Lose My Head".

Skye performed twelfth in the running order, following the entry from Spain and preceding the entry from Portugal. The United Kingdom placed fifth with 146 points, winning the online vote with 80 points.

Portugal in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2022
Portugal was represented at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2022 in Armenia, which was held on 11 December 2022 in Yerevan. Portuguese broadcaster RTP is responsible for the participation, and selected Nicolas Alves to represent the country, after being the runner-up on the third season of The Voice Kids, due to the actual winner Maria Gil having been born in November 2007.
Ono Otsū
Ono Otsū (小野お通, 1559 or 1568–1631), also known as Ono no Ozū, was a Japanese noblewoman, calligrapher, poet, painter and musician. She was a student of the arts in Kyoto, studying painting, calligraphy, music, chanting, and waka poetry.: 41  Her work was noticed by members of the Tokugawa shogunate, including Tokugawa Ieyasu and Tokugawa Hidetada,: 41  and she was often hired by them to teach members of their court.  Because she was the author of works that impacted Japanese art during the Azuchi-Momoyama and Edo period, and served several prominent figures, Otsū was proclaimed one of the leading female calligraphers of premodern Japan.

Waka (poetry)
Waka (和歌; 'Japanese poem') is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Although waka in modern Japanese is written as 和歌, in the past it was also written as 倭歌 (see Wa, an old name for Japan), and a variant name is yamato-uta (大和歌).
John Lewis Gaddis
John Lewis Gaddis (born April 2, 1941) is an American Cold War historian, political scientist, and writer. He is the Robert A. Lovett Professor of Military and Naval History at Yale University. He is best known for his work on the Cold War and grand strategy, and he has been hailed as the "Dean of Cold War Historians" by The New York Times. Gaddis is also the official biographer of the prominent 20th-century American diplomat and historian George F. Kennan. George F. Kennan: An American Life (2011), his biography of Kennan, won the 2012 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography.

David S. Painter
David S. Painter (born 1948) is an associate professor of international history at Georgetown University. He is a scholar of the Cold War and United States foreign policy during the 20th century, with particular emphasis on their relation to oil.
Mount Vernon Hotel Museum
The Mount Vernon Hotel Museum & Garden, formerly the Abigail Adams Smith Museum, is a historic antebellum building at 421 East 61st Street, near the East River, on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. It is open to the public as a museum. Since 1924, it has been operated by  the Colonial Dames of America. As of May 2025, the museum is open for tours on selected weekdays.

Upper East Side
The Upper East Side (sometimes abbreviated UES) is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. It is bounded approximately by 96th Street to the north, the East River to the east, 59th Street to the south, and Central Park and Fifth Avenue to the west. The neighborhood area incorporates several smaller neighborhoods, including Lenox Hill, Carnegie Hill, and Yorkville. Once known as the Silk Stocking District, it has long been the wealthiest neighborhood in New York City.

The Upper East Side is part of Manhattan Community District 8, and its primary ZIP Codes are 10021, 10028, 10065, 10075, and 10128. It is patrolled by the 19th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.
Bernard Gorcey
Bernard Gorcey (born Baruch Ugorsky; January 9, 1886 – September 11, 1955) was an American actor. He began in Vaudeville, performed on Broadway, and appeared in multiple shorts and films. He portrayed ice cream shop proprietor Louie Dumbrowski in Monogram Pictures' The Bowery Boys series of B movies, which starred his sons Leo Gorcey and David Gorcey. He also appeared in Charlie Chaplin's 1940 classic The Great Dictator.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
FC Botoșani
Asociația Fotbal Club Botoșani  (Romanian pronunciation: [botoˈʃanʲ]), commonly known as FC Botoșani or simply Botoșani, is a Romanian professional football club based in the city of Botoșani, Botoșani County, that competes in the Liga I, the top tier of Romanian football.

After several predecessor clubs and years of instability for the football scene in Botoșani, the club managed to materialise in 2001. In 2013, FC Botoșani became the first team from its county to ever be promoted to the top tier of the Romanian league system. It recorded its first European appearance in the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League season.

Botoșănenii play in predominantly white home kits, while their away equipment is generally blue. Their home ground is the 7,782-seater Botoșani Municipal Stadium.

Romanian football league system
The Romanian football league system, also known as the football pyramid, refers to the system in Romanian club football that consists of several football leagues bound together hierarchically by promotion and relegation. The first three leagues are organized at a national level and consist of fully professional teams. Lower divisions are organized at county levels, with each county's football association controlling its respective leagues.

Reserve teams play in the same league system as their parent clubs.
Ivan Bašić
Ivan Bašić (pronounced [ǐʋan bǎʃitɕ]; born 30 April 2002) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Kazakhstan Premier League club Astana. Born in Croatia, he plays for the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team.

Bašić started his professional career at Zrinjski Mostar, before joining Orenburg in 2022. Three years later, he signed with Astana.

A former youth international for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bašić made his senior international debut in 2023, earning 13 caps since.

Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team
The Bosnia and Herzegovina national football team (Bosnian: Fudbalska reprezentacija Bosne i Hercegovine; Croatian: Nogometna reprezentacija Bosne i Hercegovine; Serbian: Фудбалска репрезентација Босне и Херцеговине) represents Bosnia and Herzegovina in men's international football competitions, and is governed by the Football Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Until 1992, Bosnian footballers played for Yugoslavia.

Bosnia and Herzegovina achieved their best result when they reached the 2014 FIFA World Cup as winners of their qualifying group. They were eliminated after narrow group stage losses to Argentina and Nigeria and a win over Iran.

The national team has never taken part in a  UEFA European Championship.

The team's highest FIFA World Ranking was 13th, achieved in August 2013.
Fretting
Fretting refers to wear and sometimes corrosion damage of loaded surfaces in contact while they encounter small oscillatory movements tangential to the surface. Fretting is caused by adhesion of contact surface asperities, which are subsequently broken again by the small movement.   This breaking causes wear debris to be formed.

If the debris and/or surface subsequently undergo chemical reaction, i.e., mainly oxidation, the mechanism is termed fretting corrosion. Fretting degrades the surface, leading to increased surface roughness and micropits, which reduces the fatigue strength of the components. 
The amplitude of the relative sliding motion is often in the order of micrometers to millimeters, but can be as low as 3 nanometers.

Typically fretting is encountered in shrink fits, bearing seats, bolted parts, splines, and dovetail connections.

Asperity (materials science)
In materials science, asperity, defined as "unevenness of surface, roughness, ruggedness" (from the Latin asper—"rough"), has implications (for example) in physics and seismology. Typical "smooth surfaces", even those polished to a mirror finish, are still not truly smooth on a microscopic scale. They are rough, with sharp, rough, or rugged projections, termed "asperities". Surface asperities exist across multiple scales, often in a self-affine or fractal geometry. The fractal dimension of these structures has been correlated with the contact mechanics exhibited at an interface in terms of friction and  contact stiffness.

An understanding of the concept of asperities is required for any understanding of the field of Tribology, the scientific study of friction, wear, and lubrication.
Edward Roberts (Canadian politician)
Edward Moxon Roberts CM ONL QC (September 1, 1940 – January 14, 2022) was a Canadian lawyer and politician.  He first served as a member of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (MHA) from 1966 to 1985 representing White Bay North, and again from 1992 to 1996 representing Naskaupi.  He went on to serve as the eleventh lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador from 2002 until 2008.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
Donald Longmore
Donald Bernard Longmore, OBE, FRCSEd, FRCR (9 June 1928 – 31 October 2023) was a British consultant surgeon and clinical physiologist. He was one of the team who performed the first heart transplant in the United Kingdom.

Royal College of Radiologists
The Royal College of Radiologists (RCR) is the professional body responsible for the specialties of clinical oncology and clinical radiology throughout the United Kingdom. Its role is to advance the science and practice of radiology and oncology, further public education, and set appropriate professional standards of practice. The college sets and monitors the educational curriculum for those training to enter the profession and administers the Fellowship of the Royal College of Radiologists exams. It is a registered charity in the United Kingdom (no. 211540).

The RCR has 2 faculties, representing Clinical Oncology and Clinical Radiology. It publishes two academic journals, Clinical Oncology and Clinical Radiology.

The RCR has been based at 63 Lincoln's Inn Fields in London since July 2013.