hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Murlidhar Sadashiv Pawar
Vice Admiral Murlidhar Sadashiv Pawar, PVSM, AVSM, VSM is a retired officer of the Indian Navy. He served as the Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff. He assumed office from Vice Admiral G Ashok Kumar on 30 January 2019 and served till 31 May 2021 till his retirement. He is succeeded by Vice Admiral Ravneet Singh. Prior to this appointment, he served as chief of staff, Eastern Naval Command.

Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM, lit. 'Very Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India given to recognize "distinguished service of an exceptional order" to all ranks of the armed forces. The award is a peacetime equivalent of Uttam Yuddh Seva Medal, which is a Wartime Distinguished Service decoration.

The award can also be granted posthumously. Subsequent awards are represented by a bar worn on the ribbon. The awardee can use "AVSM" as post-nominal letters.
Connecticut Route 49
Route 49 is a Connecticut state highway from Route 2 in Stonington to Route 14A in Sterling, in the southeast part of the state. It is a scenic route that runs 21.74 miles (34.99 km) through the Pachaug State Forest.

Connecticut Route 2
Route 2 is a 58.03-mile (93.39 km) state highway in Hartford and New London counties in Connecticut. It is a primary state route, with a freeway section connecting Hartford to Norwich and following surface roads to Stonington. The entire freeway section of Route 2 west of Route 169 is also known as the Veterans of Foreign Wars Memorial Highway Though it is labelled an east-west highway (as denoted by its even number), it follows a northwest-southeast route, with large sections of the highway running north-south throughout its duration.
Frankie Lee Sims
Frankie Lee Sims (April 30, 1917 – May 10, 1970) was an American singer-songwriter and electric blues guitarist. He released nine singles during his career, one of which, "Lucy Mae Blues" (1953), was a regional hit. Two compilation albums of his work were released posthumously.

Sims was the cousin of another Texas blues musician, Lightnin' Hopkins, and he worked with several other prominent blues musicians, including Texas Alexander, T-Bone Walker, King Curtis and Albert Collins. Sims is regarded as an important figure in postwar Texas country blues.

Albert Collins
Albert Gene Collins (October 1, 1932 – November 24, 1993) was an American electric blues guitarist and singer with a distinctive guitar style. He was noted for his powerful playing and his use of altered tunings and a capo. His long association with the Fender Telecaster led to the title "The Master of the Telecaster".
2021 World Rugby Sevens Series
The 2021 World Rugby Sevens Series was the 22nd annual series of rugby sevens tournaments for national men's rugby sevens teams. The Sevens Series has been run by World Rugby since 1999. Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, only two tournaments were played in the 2021 series instead of the usual ten. The number of teams participating was also reduced from sixteen to twelve at the tournaments, with many of the top teams from the previous series not taking part.

The series was won by South Africa who won both tour events on their way to claiming their fourth World Series title.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports
The COVID-19 pandemic caused the most significant disruption to the worldwide sporting calendar since World War II. Across the world and to varying degrees, sports events were cancelled or postponed. The 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo were rescheduled to 2021. Only a few countries and territories—such as Hong Kong, Turkmenistan, Belarus, and Nicaragua—continued professional sporting matches as planned.
Pyanse
Pyanse (Russian: пянсе, Korean: 퍈세; RR: pyanse) or pigodi (пигоди, sg. pigodya пигодя, 피고댜) is a steamed pie, bun, or dumpling stuffed with cabbage and meat dish in Sakhalin Korean cuisine. It is a popular dish in the Russian Far East, as well as in Koryo-saram communities of Central Asia.

Mandu (food)
Mandu (Korean: 만두), or mandoo, are dumplings in Korean cuisine. Mandu can be steamed, boiled, pan-fried, or deep-fried. The styles also vary across regions in the Korean Peninsula. Mandu were long part of Korean royal court cuisine, but are now found in supermarkets, restaurants, and snack places such as pojangmacha and bunsikjip throughout South Korea.
Church of St Benedict, Ardwick
The Church of St Benedict is a redundant church in the Ardwick district of Manchester, England. The church is dedicated to the saint Benedict of Nursia, was designed by J. S. Crowther for a Manchester merchant John Marsland Bennett, and built in 1880. It is generally considered to be Crowther's masterpiece and is a Grade II* listed building. Declared redundant in the early 2000s, the church was home to Parthian Climbing Manchester, formerly the Manchester Climbing Centre. Parthian Climbing Manchester closed permanently in July 2025.

Redundant church
A redundant church, now referred to as a closed church, is a church building that is no longer used for Christian worship. The term most frequently refers to former Anglican churches in the United Kingdom, but may also be used for disused churches in other countries. Redundant churches may be deconsecrated, but this is not always done.

Reasons for redundancy include population movements, changing social patterns, merging of parishes, and decline in church attendance (especially in the Global North). Historically, redundant churches were often demolished or left to ruin. Today, many are repurposed as community centres, museums or homes, or are protected under the care of heritage preservation organisations such as Friends of Friendless Churches or the Churches Conservation Trust, and are demolished only if no alternative can be found.
Orgeat syrup
Orgeat syrup is a sweet syrup made from almonds and sugar with a little rose water and/or orange flower water. It was originally made with a barley-almond blend. It has a pronounced almond taste and is used to flavor many cocktails. Orgeat syrup is an important ingredient in the Mai Tai and many Tiki drinks.

Syrup
In cooking, syrup (less commonly sirup; from Latin: sirupus, from earlier Arabic: شراب; sharāb, beverage, wine) is a thick, viscous, liquid condiment consisting primarily of a solution of sugar in water. It typically contains a large amount of dissolved sugars but shows little tendency to deposit crystals. In its concentrated form, its consistency is similar to that of molasses. The viscosity arises from the multiple hydrogen bonds between the dissolved sugar, which has many hydroxyl (OH) groups.
Nizhny Novgorod Machine-building Plant
56°19′34″N 43°53′49″E﻿ / ﻿56.32611°N 43.89694°E﻿ / 56.32611; 43.89694

Open joint-stock company (JSC) NMZ or Nizhny Novgorod Machine-building Plant (Russian: Нижегородский машиностроительный завод) is a Russian (formerly Soviet) artillery factory in the Sormovo district of Gorky. It included the TsAKB artillery design bureau led by Vasiliy Grabin.

Currently, part of Almaz-Antey together with Almaz-Antey Branch no. 1.

Almaz-Antey Corporation
JSC Concern VKO "Almaz-Antey" (Russian: ОАО "Концерн ВКО "Алмаз-Антей"») is a Russian state-owned company in the arms industry, a result of a merger of Antey Corporation and NPO Almaz, unifying some of the national military enterprises, in particular, the developers of anti-aircraft defence and cruise missile systems. The organisation is headquartered in Moscow and is the world's eighth-largest defence contractor measured by 2017 defence revenues. In 2017, Almaz-Antey had arms sales of $9.125 billion.

The Almaz-Antey group produce air defense systems, firearms for aircraft and armored vehicles, artillery shells and surface-to-surface missiles, airspace surveillance and coordination and artillery radars. The group also manufacture civilian products such as navigation systems, air traffic systems, civil airtraffic- and weather radars, sewage cleaning systems, ventilation valves for nuclear power plants, and plastic packaging for cosmetics and food products.
ATC code N05
ATC code N05 Psycholeptics is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. Subgroup N05 is part of the anatomical group N Nervous system.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QN05. ATCvet codes without corresponding human ATC codes are cited with the leading Q in the following list.National versions of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.

Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System is a drug classification system that classifies the active ingredients of drugs according to the organ or system on which they act and their therapeutic, pharmacological and chemical properties. Its purpose is an aid to monitor drug use and for research to improve quality medication use. It does not imply drug recommendation or efficacy. It is controlled by the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology (WHOCC), and was first published in 1976.
Ella Langley
Elizabeth Camille "Ella" Langley (born May 3, 1999) is an American country music singer-songwriter. Her debut album Hungover was released on August 2, 2024, with her breakthrough hits "You Look Like You Love Me" with Riley Green and "Weren't for the Wind". This was followed by her second release Dandelion, led by Billboard Hot 100 number-one hit "Choosin' Texas" in 2026.

Riley Green
Johnathan Riley Green (born October 18, 1988) is an American country music singer and songwriter, signed to Nashville Harbor Records & Entertainment (formerly BMLG) since 2019. He has released three albums: Different 'Round Here in 2019, Ain't My Last Rodeo in 2023, and Don't Mind If I Do in 2024. Green has charted four top-20 hits on the Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts: "There Was This Girl", "I Wish Grandpas Never Died", "Half of Me" (with Thomas Rhett), and "Different 'Round Here" (with Luke Combs).
D.L. MacDonald Yard
D.L. MacDonald Yard is the maintenance facility, garage, and operations centre for the Capital and Metro light rail transit lines operated by Edmonton Transit Service, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Located to the northeast in the Kennedale industrial area, at 13310 - 50A Street, the facility opened in December 1983 at a cost of $28.2 million.

Expansions to the facility to accommodate additional light rail vehicles were completed as part of the South LRT Extension Project.  Portions of the expansion were completed in 2008 with the remainder completed in early 2009.

Metro Line
The Metro Line is a light rail line on the Edmonton LRT system. The line operates from northwest Edmonton to south Edmonton, and began operation on September 6, 2015. The line consists of ten stations, three of which are exclusive to the line and the remaining seven are shared with the Capital Line.

A one-stop extension to Blatchford Gate station was completed in late 2023 but has yet to open. An extension to the northwest city limits, at the border with the city of St. Albert, has completed conceptual design, while St. Albert has mapped a possible extension through that city, along Highway 2/St. Albert Trail.
Gregory N. Todd
Gregory N. Todd is a United States Navy rear admiral and chaplain who serves as the 28th Chief of Chaplains of the United States Navy. He previously served as the 20th Chaplain of the Marine Corps. He also served for four years as the tenth Chaplain of the Coast Guard. Over a thirty-two year career, he has served in a variety of Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard assignments, including deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan and chaplaincy work at Ground Zero in the wake of the September 11 attacks. He is a LCMS Lutheran.

Chaplain of the United States Coast Guard
The chaplain of the United States Coast Guard (COCG) is the senior chaplain of the United States Coast Guard (USCG) and is attached to USCG headquarters in Washington, D.C., as a United States Navy Chaplain Corps officer who reports directly to the commandant of the Coast Guard. The current chaplain of the Coast Guard is Captain Jennifer Bowden.
Jeanne Abdullah
Jeanne Abdullah (née Danker; born 29 July 1953) is a Malaysian hotelier who served as the spouse of the prime minister of Malaysia from 2007 to 2009, as the wife of Abdullah Ahmad Badawi. She married Abdullah in 2007 while he was in office and is the second wife after the death of Abdullah's first wife, Endon Mahmood.

Jeanne was formerly married to the younger brother of Abdullah's first late wife. She was also a manager at the Seri Perdana residential complex and has two children from her previous marriage. However, earlier in March that year, the premier dismissed rumours about his plans to remarry even though the rumours had been circulating for more than a year.

Endon Mahmood
Endon binti Mahmood Ambak (Jawi: هند بنت محمود أعماق; 24 December 1940 – 20 October 2005) was the first wife of the 5th Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi. She died from breast cancer on 20 October 2005.
Chinophrys trifasciata
Chinophrys trifasciata is a jumping spider species in the genus Chinophrys that lives in South Africa. Only the male has been described. It is a medium-sized spider, with a dark brown forward part of its body, its cephalothorax, that is between 1.5 and 2.2 mm (0.059 and 0.087 in) long, and, behind this, a yellowish-brown abdomen that is between 1.2 and 2.4 mm (0.047 and 0.094 in) long. The spider has a black eye field and a hard black scutum that covers half of the top of its abdomen. It has white stripes on its face, which are recalled in its specific name. It has dark brown legs and yellow pedipalps. Its copulatory organs include a a narrow embolus circles out and away from its bulging palpal bulb.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Immigration reform in the United States
Reforming the immigration policy of the United States is a subject of political discourse and contention. Immigration has played an essential part in American history, as everyone except for the Native Americans and descendants of enslaved Africans, in the United States is descended from people who migrated to the United States. Some claim that the United States maintains the world's most liberal immigration policy.

Illegal immigration is extremely controversial in the United States, receiving much attention in recent decades yet yielding little legislative consensus or action. Since the failure of the Border Security, Economic Opportunity, and Immigration Modernization Act of 2013, no significant immigration reform legislation has been enacted. As of 2022, the DACA program is prohibited from adding new beneficiaries but has not been ended or struck down due to the Supreme Court's 2020 decision in Department of Homeland Security v. Regents of the University of California.

Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals
Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) is a United States immigration policy that allows some individuals who, on June 15, 2012, were physically present in the United States with no lawful immigration status after having entered the country as children at least five years earlier, to receive a renewable two-year period of deferred action from deportation and to be eligible for an employment authorization document (work permit).

On November 9, 2023, an appeal was brought before the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit to determine whether a September 2023 federal district court order that would terminate the codified form of DACA, based on it being in violation of federal law, will be upheld and implemented. Oral argument in the case was heard on October 10, 2024.
Arorae Airport
Arorae Airport (IATA: AIS, ICAO: NGTR) is the airport serving Arorae, Kiribati. It is located in the north of the island, north of the village of Tamaroa.

The airport is served by Air Kiribati from Tabiteuea North Airport, which is connected with the international airport at South Tarawa, but lands at Tamana on its way from Arorae back to Tabiteuea North.

Bonriki International Airport
Bonriki International Airport (IATA: TRW, ICAO: NGTA) is an international airport in Kiribati, serving as the main gateway to the country. It is located in its capital, South Tarawa, which is a group of islets in the atoll of Tarawa in the Gilbert Islands, precisely on Bonriki.

Fiji's national carrier, Fiji Airways, connects Kiribati with Nadi, which is Fiji Airways' hub and Fiji's main international gateway. Nauru Airlines flies to Nauru International Airport, continuing to Honiara, the capital of Solomon Islands.

The airport is the hub of the only two Kiribati airlines, flag carrier Air Kiribati and the 2009-established Coral Sun Airways, with both airlines mainly flying domestic routes within the Gilbert Islands. Air Kiribati and Coral Sun Airways both serve all 16 other airports in the Gilbert Islands, but not all these destinations are flown directly from Tarawa.
M. M. Naravane
General Manoj Mukund Naravane PVSM AVSM VSM SM (born 22 April 1960) is a retired Indian Army officer who served as the 28th Chief of the Army Staff (COAS), as well as the temporary Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee from 15 December 2021 until his superannuation on 30 April 2022.

He took over as COAS from General Bipin Rawat on 31 December 2019. Prior to his appointment as the COAS, the general officer served as the 40th Vice Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army, General Officer Commanding-in-Chief (GOC-in-C) of Eastern Command and General Officer Commanding-in-Chief of Army Training Command. He also served as General Officer Commanding II Corps and also as General Officer Commanding Delhi Area.

Vishisht Seva Medal
The Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM, lit. 'Distinguished Service Medal') is a decoration of the Indian Armed Forces. It is awarded to recognize "distinguished service of a high order" to all ranks of the Indian Armed Forces.

From 1980, the Yudh Seva Medal was introduced to recognize exceptional services in an operational environment. Since then the VSM has been restricted to non-operational service.
Nuestra Belleza Guanajuato 2010
Nuestra Belleza Guanajuato 2010, was held at the Auditorio Municipal Mariano Abasolo Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato, Mexico on July 23, 2010. At the conclusion of the final night of competition, Helena Baca of León was crowned the winner. Baca  was crowned by outgoing Nuestra Belleza Guanajuato titleholder, Clementina Velázquez. Ten contestants competed for the state title.

"Helena Baca" triumph was discussed for several reasons, among them that she is not from León but from Lagos de Moreno Jalisco

Mexicana Universal Guanajuato
Mexicana Universal Guanajuato (until 2016 called Nuestra Belleza Guanajuato) is a state-level contest in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico, which selects the state representative for the national contest Mexicana Universal (formerly called Nuestra Belleza México), thus aspiring to represent the country internationally on one of the platforms offered.

The state organization has achieved the following results since 1994:

Winner: 4 (1998, 2007, 2011, 2021)

Top 10/11/12: 6 (1999, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2023)

Top 15/16: 2 (1997, 2012)

Top 20/21: 3 (2001, 2004, 2018)

Unplaced: 17 (1994, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2022)
Ohio State Route 334
State Route 334 (SR 334) is an east–west state highway in the western part of the U.S. state of Ohio. The western terminus of SR 334 is at an interchange with U.S. Route 68 (US 68) less than 0.25 miles (0.40 km) north of the city limits of Springfield. Its eastern terminus is at a T-intersection with SR 4 approximately two miles (3.2 km) northeast of Springfield.

Ohio State Route 4
State Route 4 (SR 4), formerly known as Inter-county Highway 4 until 1921 and State Highway 4 in 1922, is a major north–south state highway in Ohio. It is the fifth longest state route in Ohio.  Its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 42 in Cincinnati, Ohio, and its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 6 in Sandusky, Ohio.  Its path is nearly ruler-straight for many miles. Some portions of the route are still marked as Dixie Highway.  The northern portion was constructed by the Columbus and Sandusky Turnpike Company, see Turnpike Lands.
Least frequently used
Least Frequently Used (LFU) is a type of cache replacement policy used to manage memory within a computer. The standard characteristics of this method involve the system keeping track of the number of times a block is referenced in memory. When the cache is full and requires more room the system will purge the item with the lowest reference frequency.

LFU is sometimes combined with a Least Recently Used algorithm and called LRFU.

Cache replacement policies
In computing, cache replacement policies (also known as cache replacement algorithms or cache algorithms) are optimizing instructions or algorithms which a computer program or hardware-maintained structure can utilize to manage a cache of information. Caching improves performance by keeping recent or often-used data items in memory locations which are faster, or computationally cheaper to access, than normal memory stores. When the cache is full, the algorithm must choose which items to discard to make room for new data.
Hamilton–Jacobi–Einstein equation
In general relativity, the Hamilton–Jacobi–Einstein equation (HJEE) or Einstein–Hamilton–Jacobi equation (EHJE) is an equation in the Hamiltonian formulation of geometrodynamics in superspace, cast in the "geometrodynamics era" around the 1960s, by Asher Peres in 1962 and others. It is an attempt to reformulate general relativity in such a way that it resembles quantum theory within a semiclassical approximation, much like the correspondence between quantum mechanics and classical mechanics.

It is named for Albert Einstein, Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, and William Rowan Hamilton. The EHJE contains as much information as all ten Einstein field equations (EFEs). It is a modification of the Hamilton–Jacobi equation (HJE) from classical mechanics, and can be derived from the Einstein–Hilbert action using the principle of least action in the ADM formalism.

Hamiltonian mechanics
In physics, Hamiltonian mechanics is a reformulation of Lagrangian mechanics that emerged in 1833. Introduced by Sir William Rowan Hamilton, Hamiltonian mechanics replaces (generalized) velocities  used in Lagrangian mechanics with (generalized) momenta. Both theories provide interpretations of classical mechanics and describe the same physical phenomena.

Hamiltonian mechanics has a close relationship with geometry (notably, symplectic geometry and Poisson structures) and serves as a link between classical and quantum mechanics.