hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yoshika Arai
Yoshika Arai (Japanese: 荒井 悦加, née Tatsumi Japanese: 辰巳; born 26 February 1982) is a Japanese middle- and long-distance runner who specialises in the 3000 metres steeplechase. Her personal best for that event is 9:55.93 minutes.

She took up the steeplechase event in 2007 and represented her country at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics, held in Osaka. Her first major medal came at the 2009 Asian Athletics Championships, where she won in a championship record.

Earlier in her career, Arai was a frequent runner-up to Minori Hayakari at the Japan Championships in Athletics, but she took national titles in both 2012 and 2013. She also placed fourth at the 2013 Asian Athletics Championships.

Minori Hayakari
Minori Hayakari (早狩実紀) (born 29 November 1972) is a Japanese track and field athlete who specialises in the 3000 metres steeplechase. Her personal best of 9:33.93 minutes is the Japanese record and she has won straight Japanese national titles since the first event in 2005, taking her sixth title in 2011.

She became the first international female steeplechaser from her country, following the event's introduction to the World Championships in 2005, where she set an Asian record. She has featured in the World Championship steeplechase event from 2005 to 2011 and represented Japan in the first ever Olympic women's steeplechase at the 2008 Beijing Olympics.

In regional competition, she was the bronze medallist at the 2010 Asian Games and took the continental title at the 2011 Asian Athletics Championships. She is a five-time participant at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships and a two-time medallist at the East Asian Games (1999 and 2009).
Sammy Drain
Sammy Drain (March 13, 1945 – July 22, 2016) was an American guitarist based in Seattle. He also was a friend of the rock guitarist Jimi Hendrix and jammed with him before Hendrix found fame. During his lifetime, Drain was a living link to Hendrix's youth. During his career, Drain played with musicians such as Albert Collins, Buddy Miles, Bobby Womack and Stevie Wonder. Drain was also a photographer, actor, and the co-founder of the Seattle Blues Society.

Albert Collins
Albert Gene Collins (October 1, 1932 – November 24, 1993) was an American electric blues guitarist and singer with a distinctive guitar style. He was noted for his powerful playing and his use of altered tunings and a capo. His long association with the Fender Telecaster led to the title "The Master of the Telecaster".
World Gym
World Gym International LLC is an American fitness center founded in 1976 by Joe Gold during the glory days of "Muscle Beach" in Venice Beach, California. Joe Gold is also the founder of Gold's Gym, another unaffiliated gym chain, which he sold in 1973. The gym was often frequented by celebrities and famous bodybuilders such as Arnold Schwarzenegger, Lou Ferrigno,  Dave Draper and Franco Columbu.

In March 2021, World Gym said it had over 200 franchises across six continents. Owned by the Cammilleri family since 2009, its plans included further global expansion of the franchise network and the opening of regional flagship gyms.

In October 2024, World Gym Taiwan announced its acquisition of parent company World Gym International for US$9 million. This historic acquisition established Taichung as the new global headquarters of the World Gym brand, symbolizing Taiwan's rise as a central player in the global fitness industry.

Gold's Gym
Gold's Gym International, Inc. is an American chain of international co-ed fitness centers (commonly referred to as gyms) originally started by Joe Gold in Venice Beach, California. Each gym offers a variety of cardio and strength training equipment as well as group exercise programs. Gold's Gym's has its headquarters in Dallas and is now owned by RSG Group.
Waxman-Bahcall bound
The Waxman-Bahcall bound is a computed upper limit on the flux of high energy neutrinos based on the observed flux of high energy cosmic rays. Since the highest energy neutrinos are produced from interactions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, the observed rate of production of these rays places a limit on these particles. It is named after John Bahcall and Eli Waxman.

Flux
Flux describes any effect that appears to pass or travel (whether it actually moves or not) through a surface or substance. Flux is a concept in applied mathematics and vector calculus which has many applications in physics.  For transport phenomena, flux is a vector quantity, describing the magnitude and direction of the flow of a substance or property. In vector calculus, flux is a scalar quantity, defined as the surface integral of the perpendicular component of a vector field over a surface.
Provincial city (Vietnam)
A provincial city (Vietnamese: thành phố thuộc tỉnh) is a former type of second-level subdivision of Vietnam. It has equal status along with urban districts, districts, municipal cities, and towns. Also by virtue of Decree No. 42/2009/ND-CP, provincial cities were officially classified into Class-1, Class-2 or Class-3.

The cities can only subordinate to provinces as a second-tier unit. At the third tier, provincial cities were divided into wards and communes, the latter of which apply to the more suburban parts.

Provincial cities were abolished in 2025 along with other district-level subdivisions.

Commune (Vietnam)
A commune (Vietnamese: xã) is a type of second tier subdivision of Vietnam. It is divided into 2,621 units. Communes have a lower status than provinces and municipalities.

This subdivision has existed since 1428, when Emperor Lê Thái Tổ re-organised the country into five administrative levels. Xã 社 was the lowest level, equivalent to a village.

Since 2019, Vietnam has undertaken a comprehensive rearrangement of administrative units in order to streamline the apparatus of local authorities. The re-organisation, conducted in two periods, between 2020 and 2023 and between 2023 and 2030, comprises forced mergers of several districts and commune-level administrative units and localities. As of April 2023, the number of third-level subdivision units dropped to 10,598 units including 1,737 wards, 614 commune-level towns and 8,247 communes. This has been a significant reduction from 11,162 in 2018.
Wilbur Ware
Wilbur Bernard Ware (September 8, 1923 – September 9, 1979) was an American jazz double bassist. He was a regular bassist for the Riverside record label in the 1950s, and recorded regularly in that decade with Johnny Griffin, Kenny Dorham, Kenny Drew, and Thelonious Monk. He also appeared on records released by J.R. Monterose, Toots Thielemans, Sonny Clark, Tina Brooks, Zoot Sims, Archie Shepp and Grant Green, among others.

Johnny Griffin
John Arnold Griffin III (April 24, 1928 – July 25, 2008) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist. Nicknamed "the Little Giant" for his short stature and forceful playing, Griffin began his career in the mid-1940s and continued until the month of his death. A pioneering figure in hard bop, Griffin recorded prolifically as a bandleader in addition to stints with the pianist Thelonious Monk and the drummer Art Blakey, in partnership with his fellow tenor Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, and as a member of the Kenny Clarke/Francy Boland Big Band after he moved to Europe in the 1960s. In 1995, Griffin was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Music from Berklee College of Music.
Nava Nalanda Mahavihara
Nava Nalanda Mahavihara (NNM) is an institute deemed to be a university located in Nalanda, Bihar, India. It was established in 1951 under Rajendra Prasad to revive the ancient seat of learning in Nalanda.

Deemed university
In India, a deemed university or deemed-to-be-university is an accreditation granted to higher educational institutions by the Ministry of Education under The Section 3 of University Grants Commission Act 1956. According to the ministry's definition, the accreditation indicates, "an Institution of higher education, other than universities, working at a very high standard in specific area of study" and the accreditation grants "the academic status and privileges of a university". According to the UGC  section 3  "The expression 'University' means a University established or incorporated by or under a Central Act, a Provincial Act or a State Act, and includes any such institution as may, in consultation with the University concerned, be recognized by the Commission in accordance with the regulations made in this behalf under this Act."
Craniotomy
Craniotomy is a neurosurgical operation in which a bone flap is temporarily removed from the skull to access the intracranial space. Craniotomies are often critical operations performed for a range of conditions, including tumors, hemorrhages, and removal of foreign bodies such as bullets.

Craniotomy is distinguished from craniectomy (in which the skull flap is not immediately replaced, allowing the brain to swell, thus reducing intracranial pressure) and from trepanation, the creation of a burr hole through the cranium into the dura mater.

Decompressive craniectomy
Decompressive craniectomy (crani- + -ectomy)  is a neurosurgical procedure in which part of the skull is removed to allow a swelling or herniating brain room to expand without being squeezed.  It is performed on victims of traumatic brain injury, stroke, Chiari malformation, and other conditions associated with raised intracranial pressure. Use of this surgery is controversial.

The procedure evolved from a primitive form of surgery known as trepanning.  The older procedure, while common in prehistoric times, was deprecated in favor of other, less invasive treatments as they were developed; although it was still performed with some frequency prior to the twentieth century, its resurgence in modern form became possible only upon the development of precision cutting tools, cranial drills, and sophisticated post-operative care such as antibiotics.
Hormuzan
Hormuzan (Middle Persian: Hormazdān, New Persian: هرمزان) was a Persian aristocrat who served as the governor of Khuzestan, and was one of the Sasanian military officers at the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah. He was later taken prisoner by the Muslims after the fall of Shushtar in 642. Two years later, he was accused of the assassination of the Rashidun caliph Umar, and was killed by Ubayd Allah, the deceased caliph's son.

Khuzistan (Sasanian province)
Khuzistan or Huzistan (Middle Persian: 𐭧𐭥𐭰𐭮𐭲𐭭 Hūzistān) was a Sasanian province in Late Antiquity, which almost corresponded to the present-day province of Khuzestan. Its capital was Gundeshapur. During the late Sasanian era, the province was included in the southern quadrant (kust) of Nemroz.
Robbie McCauley
Robbie Doris McCauley (July 14, 1942 – May 20, 2021) was an American playwright, director, performer, and professor. McCauley is best known for her plays Sugar and Sally's Rape, among other works that addressed racism in the United States and challenged audiences to participate in dialogue with her work. She also performed in  Ntozake Shange's 1976 Broadway play For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide / When the Rainbow Is Enuf. McCauley was professor emerita at Emerson College, teaching there from 2001 until she retired in 2013.

Ntozake Shange
Ntozake Shange (/ˌɛntoʊˈzɑːki ˈʃɑːŋɡeɪ/ EN-toh-ZAH-kee SHAHNG-Ê; October 18, 1948 – October 27, 2018) was an American playwright and poet. As a Black feminist, she addressed issues relating to race and Black power in much of her work. She is best known for her Obie Award–winning play, for colored girls who have considered suicide / when the rainbow is enuf (1975). She also penned novels including Sassafrass, Cypress & Indigo (1982), Liliane (1994), and Betsey Brown (1985), about an African-American girl run away from home.

Among Shange's honors and awards were fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation and Lila Wallace Reader's Digest Fund, a Shelley Memorial Award from the Poetry Society of America, and a Pushcart Prize. In April 2016, Barnard College announced that it had acquired Shange's archive.
Kwant fair
Kawant fair is a fair of Bhil and koli tribe of Chhota Udaipur area which is held in Kwant village immediately after Holi festival.

At the Kwant fair, tribal youths are seen dancing with drums and other musical instruments. Tribal men and women wear a bouquet of peacock feathers on their heads and use it to express their love for birds.

Chhota Udaipur district
Chhota Udaipur district is a district in the state of Gujarat in India. It was carved out of the Vadodara district on 26 January 2013 with its headquarters at Chhota Udaipur town and is the 28th district of Gujarat.
Logan Nelson
Logan Nelson (born November 11, 1996) is an American composer who has composed scores for films, video games, and modern dance productions. In 2018, he received the SABAM Award for Best Young International Composer by the World Soundtrack Academy. He composes music for The Morning Show with Carter Burwell.

Carter Burwell
Carter Benedict Burwell (born November 18, 1954) is an American film composer. He received Academy Award nominations for Best Original Score for Todd Haynes's Carol (2015) and Martin McDonagh's films Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (2017) and The Banshees Of Inisherin (2022). He has frequently collaborated with the Coen brothers, having scored most of their films. He has also scored films by other directors such as Bill Condon, Spike Jonze, James Foley, Brian Helgeland, and John Lee Hancock.
SS Prindoc (1901)
SS Prindoc was an American–built lake freighter in service between 1901 and 1943. She was built under the name Gilchrist, by the West Bay City Shipbuilding Company in West Bay City, Michigan, for the Gilchrist Transportation Company. Once the fleet went into receivership in 1913, Gilchris was sold to the Interlake Steamship Company, receiving the name Lupus. She was sold to a Canadian owner Paterson Steamships, Ltd. in 1926, and was renamed Prindoc. She sank in a collision with the freighter Battleford on 1 June 1943, on Lake Superior.

Prindoc is the third largest undiscovered shipwreck in Lake Superior and the Great Lakes as a whole, behind the freighters D. M. Clemson and James Gayley.

Lake freighter
Lake freighters, or lakers, are bulk carriers operating on the Great Lakes of North America. These vessels are traditionally called boats, although classified as ships. Freighters typically have a long, narrow hull, a raised pilothouse, and the engine located at the rear of the ship.

Lakers have been used since the late 19th century to haul raw material from docks in the Great Lakes and St Lawrence Seaway regions to the industrial centers of Ontario, Quebec, and the American Midwest. The navigation season typically runs from late March through next mid-January due to the formation of ice on the lakes.

The largest lake freighters can travel up to 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) and can carry as much as 78,850 long tons (80,120 t) of bulk cargo.

SS Edmund Fitzgerald, which sank in 1975, became widely known as the largest  vessel to be wrecked on the Great Lakes.
Mysuru–Talaguppa Express
The Mysuru–Talaguppa Express is an Express train belonging to South Western Railway zone that runs between Mysuru Junction and Talaguppa in India. It is currently being operated with 16227/16228 train numbers on a daily basis.

Mysore Junction railway station
Mysore Junction railway station, re-christened as Mysuru Junction railway station (station code: MYS) is a railway station on Mysore–Bangalore railway line serving the city of Mysore, Karnataka, India. Previously Mysore was connected to Bangalore by a single-line metre-gauge track.  It was later converted into non-electrified broad-gauge line.  It has now been converted to a double-line, electrified route.
19383 Rolling Stones
19383 Rolling Stones (provisional designation 1998 BZ32) is a bright Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 2.7 kilometers (1.7 miles) in diameter. The V-type asteroid was discovered on 29 January 1998, by astronomers with the OCA–DLR Asteroid Survey at Caussols in southern France and named for the rock band The Rolling Stones.

Vesta family
The Vesta family (adj. Vestian; FIN: 401) is a family of asteroids. The cratering family is located in the inner asteroid belt in the vicinity of its namesake and principal body, 4 Vesta. It is one of the largest asteroid families with more than 15,000 known members and consists of mostly bright V-type asteroids, so-called "vestoids".
Nitya Chaitanya Yati
Nitya Chaitanya Yati (2 November 1924 – 14 May 1999) was an Indian philosopher, psychologist, author and poet, best known for his commentaries on Advaita Vedanta as well as his literary criticisms. He was a disciple of Nataraja Guru, the successor to Narayana Guru. Yati published over 140 books in English and Malayalam including a commentary on Darsana Mala of Narayana Guru, titled, Psychology of Darsana Mala. Kerala Sahitya Akademi honoured him with their annual award for literary criticism in 1977.

Narayana Guru
Sree Narayana Guru (IPA: [nɑːrɑːjɐɳɐ guˈru]) (20 August 1856 – 20 September 1928) was a philosopher, spiritual leader and social reformer in India. He led a reform movement against the injustice in the caste-ridden society of Kerala in order to promote spiritual enlightenment and social equality. A quote of his that defined his movement was "one caste, one religion, and one god for all human beings". He is the author of the Advaita poem Daiva Dasakam, which is one of the most used poem in Kerala for community prayer.

French philosopher and Nobel prize laureate for literature, Romain Rolland described Narayana guru as 'Jnani of Karma', noting that he exemplified how faith could be used to bring about social change.
Sherman Building (Corpus Christi, Texas)
The Sherman Building, also known as Nueces Lofts, is a historic building in Corpus Christi, Texas, U.S.. Its construction was completed in 1930. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since October 28, 2010.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Nueces County, Texas
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Nueces County, Texas.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Nueces County, Texas. There are one district and 18 individual properties listed on the National Register in the county. The district and one individual property are National Historic Landmarks while nine other properties are Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks including one that is also a State Antiquities Landmark.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted March 21, 2025.
The X Factor Philippines
The X Factor Philippines is a Philippine television reality competition show broadcast by ABS-CBN. The show is based on the British reality television series of the same title. Hosted by KC Concepcion, it aired on the network's Yes Weekend evening lineup from June 23 to October 14, 2012, replacing Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition 4.

KZ Tandingan was proclaimed the winner of the first season, receiving a cash prize of 4 million pesos and a recording contract from ABS-CBN's recording arm Star Music.

The X Factor
The X Factor is a television music competition franchise created by British producer Simon Cowell and his company Syco Entertainment. It originated in the United Kingdom, where it was devised as a replacement for Pop Idol (2001–2003), and has been adapted in various countries. The "X Factor" of the title refers to the undefinable "something" that makes for star quality.

Similar to Got Talent, the franchise maintains a YouTube channel, called X Factor Global. The channel uploads clips of X Factor shows from around the world. The channel currently has over 3 million subscribers. Additionally, many individual X Factor shows have their own YouTube channels such as X Factor Latvia.
Formula for a Murder
Formula for a Murder (Italian: 7, Hyden Park – La casa maledetta, lit. '7 Hyde Park – The Cursed House') is a 1985 Italian giallo film co-written and directed  by Alberto De Martino.

The film was shot in Boston and Italy, and was one of the last films directed by De Martino. When it was released in Italy, it war marketed as a more traditional horror film, while retrospective analysis compared it to 1960s thrillers such as Taste of Fear (1961).

Giallo
In Italian cinema, giallo (Italian: [ˈdʒallo]; pl.: gialli; from giallo, lit. 'yellow') is a genre that often contains slasher, thriller, psychological horror, psychological thriller, sexploitation, and, less frequently, supernatural horror elements.

This particular style of Italian-produced murder mystery horror-thriller film usually blends the atmosphere and suspense of thriller fiction with elements of horror fiction (such as slasher violence) and eroticism (similar to the French fantastique genre), and often involves a mysterious killer whose identity is not revealed until the final act of the film. The genre developed in the mid-to-late 1960s, peaked in popularity during the 1970s, and subsequently declined in commercial mainstream filmmaking over the next few decades, though examples continue to be produced. It was a predecessor to, and had significant influence on, the later slasher film genre.
Threshold potential
In electrophysiology, the threshold potential is the critical level to which a membrane potential must be depolarized to initiate an action potential. In neuroscience, threshold potentials are necessary to regulate and propagate signaling in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Most often, the threshold potential is a membrane potential value between –50 and –55 mV, but can vary based upon several factors. A neuron's resting membrane potential (–70 mV) can be altered to either increase or decrease likelihood of reaching threshold via sodium and potassium ions. An influx of sodium into the cell through open, voltage-gated sodium channels can depolarize the membrane past threshold and thus excite it while an efflux of potassium or influx of chloride can hyperpolarize the cell and thus inhibit threshold from being reached.

Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Ancient Greek: ἤλεκτρον, romanized: ēlektron, lit. 'amber' [see the etymology of "electron"]; φύσις, physis, 'nature, origin'; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of physiology that studies the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues.  It involves measurements of voltage changes or electric current or manipulations on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart.  In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and, in particular, action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system, such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings. They are useful for electrodiagnosis and monitoring.