hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Parami Kulatunga
Lieutenant General Parami Sudammika Bandara Kulatunga, RSP, VSV, USP (Sinhala:පාරමී කුලතුංග) (9 October 1951 in Kandy – 26 June 2006 †) was a Sri Lanka Army general. He was serving as the Deputy Chief of Staff of the Sri Lanka Army and its third highest-ranking officer at the time of his assassination. On the morning of 26 June, he was killed by a Tamil Tiger suicide bomber who drove an explosives-laden motorbike into his staff car as it was driving to a military base at Pannipitiya near Colombo.

Vishista Seva Vibhushanaya
The Vishista Seva Vibhushanaya (VSV, Distinguished Service Order) (Sinhala: විශිෂ්ට සේවා විභූෂණය viṣiṣta sēvā vibhūṣaṇaya) is awarded to senior officers of the Military of Sri Lanka in recognition of:

...exceptional, distinguished and loyal service provided they count not less than twenty-five years of service and possess an unblemished record of moral and military conduct...—
Ochlerotatus
Ochlerotatus is a genus of mosquito. Until 2000, it was ranked as a subgenus of Aedes but was reclassified as a distinct genus based on taxonomic studies. This change resulted in the renaming of many subgenus species, and revisions of related taxa in the Aedini tribe are ongoing. Some authors, however, still use traditional taxonomic names in their publications.

Aedes
Aedes (also known as the tiger mosquito or colloquially "dengue mosquito") is a genus of mosquitoes originally found in tropical and subtropical zones, but now found on all continents except Antarctica. Some species have been spread by human activity: Aedes albopictus, a particularly invasive species, was spread to the Americas, including the United States, in the 1980s, by the used-tire trade.

It was first described and named by German entomologist Johann Wilhelm Meigen in 1818; the generic name comes from Ancient Greek ἀηδής (aēdēs), meaning 'unpleasant' or 'odious'. The type species for Aedes is Aedes cinereus.
Xanthosia
Xanthosia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae and is endemic to Australia. It comprises 20 species of shrubs endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Xanthosia are perennial herbs or small shrubs, the leaves divided, toothed or lobed, (rarely simple), the flowers white, pinkish or pale green and usually arranged in a compound umbel.

Umbel
In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules or umbellets. A small umbel is called an umbellule. The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; and onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.

An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.
A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.
ABM-1 Galosh
The A-350 (GRAU 5V61) (NATO reporting name ABM-1 Galosh) was a Soviet, nuclear armed surface-to-air anti-ballistic missile.  The A-350 was a component of the A-35 anti-ballistic missile system. Its primary mission was to destroy U.S. Minuteman and Titan intercontinental ballistic missiles targeting Moscow.

The A-350 was introduced during the 1960s with mechanically steered semi-active radar guidance. It contained a high-yield nuclear warhead, comparable to the U.S. Nike Zeus.

The A-350R (NATO reporting name ABM-1B) was introduced with the advanced A-35M missile system and became operational during 1978. This system was tested at the Sary Shagan Launch Facility with five test flights during 1971, 1976, and 1977, with two more tests during 1993 and 1999.

The next generation of missiles, introduced with the A-135 ABM System, were the 53T6 (1970s) and the 51T6 (1980s).

Sary Shagan
Sary Shagan (Russian: Сары-Шаган; Kazakh: Сарышаған) is an anti-ballistic missile testing range located in Kazakhstan.

On 17 August 1956 the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union authorized plans for an experimental facility for missile defence located at Sary Shagan, on the west bank of Lake Balkhash. The first missile launched from the facility was a V-1000 on 16 October 1958, but the facilities for full-scale testing were not ready until 1961. Sary Shagan remains in use, with the latest known launch on 2 December 2022. The town of Sary Shagan was a closed city until 2005. The administrative centre, Priozersk remained a closed city.

The length of the site is 480 km.

The Sary Shagan range was the intended landing site for the sample return canister of the Russian Fobos-Grunt mission.
Tsurui
Tsurui (鶴居村, Tsurui-mura) is a village located in Kushiro Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan.  As of 30 November 2025, the village had an estimated population of 2,362 in 1186 households, and a population density of 2.1 people per km2. The total area of the village is 571.80 km2 (220.77 sq mi). Tsurui is a breeding ground for the red-crowned crane, deemed one of the 100 Soundscapes of Japan. It is a member of the "The Most Beautiful Villages in Japan" Association.

Kushiro Subprefecture
Kushiro Subprefecture (釧路総合振興局, Kushiro-sōgō-shinkō-kyoku) is a subprefecture of Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan.  Kushiro is home to a population of red-crowned cranes, estimated in 2022 to number about 1,900.
The Quick and the Wed
"The Quick and the Wed" is the fifteenth episode of the second season of the American mystery television series Veronica Mars, and the thirty-seventh episode overall. Written by John Serge and directed by Rick Rosenthal, the episode premiered on UPN on March 22, 2006.

The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) as she deals with life as a high school student while moonlighting as a private detective. In this episode, Veronica takes on the case of a missing bride-to-be (Virginia Williams). Meanwhile, Logan (Jason Dohring) breaks up with Hannah (Jessy Schram) so that her father, Tom Griffith (Rick Peters) will drop his testimony in Logan's murder trial.

Versatile Toppings
"Versatile Toppings" is the fourteenth episode of the second season of the American mystery television series Veronica Mars, and the thirty-sixth episode overall. Written by Phil Klemmer and directed by Sarah Pia Anderson, the episode premiered on UPN on March 15, 2006.

The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) as she deals with life as a high school student while moonlighting as a private detective. In this episode, Veronica investigates a series of blackmailings and muggings primarily targeted against Neptune's LGBT community. Meanwhile, Logan (Jason Dohring) and Hannah's (Jessy Schram) relationship develops, and Keith (Enrico Colantoni) and Terrence (Jeffrey Sams) take on the latter's case.
102nd (Pembroke and Cardiganshire) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery
The 102nd (Pembroke and Cardiganshire) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery, was a Welsh unit of Britain's part-time Territorial Army (TA) formed after World War I from an existing Yeomanry Cavalry regiment. It fought in the Tunisian campaign and was then converted to medium artillery, in which role it fought through the Italian campaign, including the Battles of Monte Cassino, the Gothic Line, and the final Spring 1945 offensive. The regiment continued in the postwar TA, and a successor unit continues in today's Army Reserve.

Spring 1945 offensive in Italy
The Spring 1945 offensive in Italy, codenamed Operation Grapeshot, was the final Allied attack during the Italian Campaign in the final stages of the Second World War. The attack in the Lombard Plain by the 15th Allied Army Group started on 6 April 1945 and ended on 2 May with the surrender of all Axis forces in Italy.
Francis P. Matthews
Francis Patrick Matthews (March 15, 1887 – October 18, 1952) was an American who served as the 8th Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus from 1939 to 1945, the 50th United States Secretary of the Navy from 1949 to 1951, and United States Ambassador to Ireland from 1951 to 1952.

Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus
The Supreme Knight of the Knights of Columbus (more simply referred to as the Supreme Knight) is the title of the chairman of the board and chief executive officer of the Knights of Columbus. The organization comprises approximately 1.9 million members in more than 15,000 councils and operates an insurance company with over $109 billion of life insurance in force, as of 2020.

Since its founding in 1882, there have been 14 Supreme Knights. Patrick E. Kelly is the Supreme Knight incumbent, holding this position since March 1, 2021.
Kennedy Company
Kennedy Company, often shortened to Kennedy Co., was an American computer storage company active from 1963 to 1988. Founded by Charles J. Kennedy (1920–1996) and based in the Greater Los Angeles area, the company was one of the largest independent manufacturers of magnetic-tape data drives for mainframe and minicomputer users. Beginning in the late 1970s, the company also manufactured hard disk drives. In 1979, Kennedy was acquired by Allegheny Ludlum, where it continued to operate independently as a subsidiary. In 1987, it was acquired by Shugart Corporation, who promptly sold off Kennedy's assets to Irwin Magnetic Systems.

Magnetic-tape data storage
Magnetic-tape data storage is a system for storing digital information on magnetic tape using digital recording. Commercial magnetic tape products used for data storage were first released in the 1950s and have continued to be developed and released to the present day.

Tape was an important medium for primary data storage in early computers, typically using large open reels of 7-track, later 9-track tape. Modern magnetic tape is most commonly packaged in cartridges and cassettes, such as the widely supported Linear Tape-Open (LTO) and IBM 3592 series. The device that performs the writing or reading of data is called a tape drive. Autoloaders and tape libraries are often used to automate cartridge handling and exchange. Compatibility was important to enable transferring data.

Tape data storage is now used more for system backup, data archive and data exchange. The low cost of tape has kept it viable for long-term storage and archive.
Dwarakesh (swimmer)
Lieutenant Colonel Dwarakesh (born 1989) is an Indian Army officer, para swimmer and sport shooter, known as Army's only visually impaired active-duty officer. He earned a national medal in shooting and won gold medal and silver medal at the 23rd National Para Swimming Championships.

Para swimming
Para swimming is an adaptation of the sport of swimming for athletes with disabilities. Para swimmers compete at the Summer Paralympic Games and at other sports competitions throughout the world. The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). Both men and women compete in para swimming, racing against competitors of their own gender.
Urnula craterium
Urnula craterium is a species of cup fungus in the family Sarcosomataceae. Appearing in early spring, its distinctive goblet-shaped and dark-colored fruit bodies have earned it the common names crater cup, devil's urn and the gray urn. The asexual (imperfect), or conidial stage of U. craterium is a plant pathogen known as Conoplea globosa, which causes a canker disease of oak and several other hardwood tree species.

Urnula craterium is parasitic on oak and various other hardwoods; it is also saprobic, as the fruit bodies develop on fallen dead wood. The species is distributed in eastern North America, Europe, and Asia. It produces bioactive compounds that can inhibit the growth of other fungi.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
John Price (New South Wales politician)
John Charles Price AM JP (born 14 May 1939) is an Australian politician, elected as a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1984 to his retirement in 2007, including as the first Deputy Speaker of the Legislative Assembly from 1999 to 2007.

Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
The Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly is the presiding officer of the Legislative Assembly, New South Wales's lower chamber of Parliament. The current Speaker is Greg Piper, who was elected on 9 May 2023.
Rhythms of Zamunda
Rhythms of Zamunda, released as Rhythms of Zamunda (Music Inspired by the Amazon Original Movie: Coming 2 America), is a soundtrack album curated by Sipho Dlamini for the film Coming 2 America. It was released on March 5, 2021, by Def Jam Recordings and Def Jam Africa for Paramount Pictures. The album features Pan-African artists such as Nasty C, Larry Gaaga, Umu Obiligbo, Locko, Tekno, Tellaman, Sha Sha, Oxlade, Alpha P, TMXO, DJ Arafat, Prince Kaybee, Msaki, Tiwa Savage, Th&o., Diamond Platnumz, Morgan Heritage, Toofan, Fally Ipupa, BONJ, Gemini Major, Anatii, De Mthuda, Njelic, and Ricky Tyler, as well as appearances from Ari Lennox.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
François Modesto
François Joseph Modesto (born 19 August 1978) is a French former professional footballer. He operated as a right-back or central defender, and also as a defensive midfielder.

His 19-year professional career was closely associated with Bastia, where he started and finished playing. He amassed Ligue 1 totals of 272 matches and ten goals over 11 seasons, also having a lengthy spell at Monaco; additionally, he spent five years in Italy with Cagliari and three in Greece with Olympiacos.

Cagliari Calcio
Cagliari Calcio, commonly referred to as Cagliari (Italian: [ˈkaʎʎari] ⓘ), is a professional Italian football club based in Cagliari, Sardinia, that plays in Serie A, the first tier of Italian football. The club currently plays home matches at the 16,416-seat Unipol Domus.

Founded in 1920, they won their first and only Scudetto in 1969–70, when they were led by the Italian national team's all-time leading scorer, Gigi Riva. The triumph was also the first by a club from south of Rome. The club's best European performance was in the 1993–94 UEFA Cup, reaching the semi-finals before losing to eventual winners Internazionale.

As with the flag of its city, Cagliari's main colours are blue and red. The club badge incorporates the flag of Sardinia.
Kairbek Suleimenov
Kairbek Suleimenov  (Kazakh: Қайырбек Шошанұлы Сүлейменов, Qaiyrbek Şoşanūly Süleimenov; Russian: Каирбек Шошанович Сулейменов; born 12 May 1949) is a Kazakhstani politician and a public figure. He has held positions of the Minister of Internal Affairs, Secretary of the Security Council, Assistant to the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Awarded the People's Hero of Kazakhstan award, the highest honor in Kazakhstan, in 2022.

Hero of Kazakhstan
The title of People's Hero of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Халық қаһарманы, romanized: Halyq qaharmany) is the highest distinction conferred by the Republic of Kazakhstan, along with the Order of the Golden Eagle.
Lego FORMA
Lego FORMA (stylized as LEGO FORMA) is a discontinued Lego theme, and the first crowdfunded Lego theme. The theme's builds were inspired by fish, consisting of a base "Koi" set and several separate "skin" sets to customize the build. It was licensed and crowdfunded via Indiegogo, and managed by the LEGO Group. FORMA was considered to be a development upon the ideas of the 2011 Lego Muji theme, which combined paper and LEGO bricks. The theme was introduced on 1 January 2019 and was discontinued by the end of December the same year.

The Lego Group
Lego Systems A/S, also known as the Lego Group (stylised as the LEGO Group), is a Danish construction toy manufacturer and media company based in Billund. It manufactures Lego-branded toys, consisting mostly of interlocking acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic and rubber bricks. The Lego Group has also built several amusement parks around the world, each known as Legoland, and operates numerous retail stores.

The name Lego is derived from the Danish phrase leg godt, meaning "play well".

The company was founded in 1932 by Ole Kirk Christiansen. In the first half of 2015, the Lego Group became the world's largest toy company by revenue, with sales amounting to US$2.1 billion, surpassing Mattel, which had US$1.9 billion in sales. As of 2025, the company is owned by the Kristiansen family via their family office, investment firm Kirkbi.
Proposed locations for Atlantis
There exist a variety of speculative proposals that real-world events could have inspired Plato's fictional story of Atlantis, told in the Timaeus and Critias. While Plato's story was not part of the Greek mythic tradition and his dialogues use it solely as an allegory about hubris, speculation about real natural disasters that could have served as inspiration have been published in popular accounts and in a few academic contexts. Additionally, many works of pseudohistory and pseudoarchaeology treat the story as fact, offering reinterpretations that tie to national mysticism or legends of ancient aliens. While Plato's story explicitly locates Atlantis in the Atlantic Ocean beyond the Pillars of Hercules, other proposed locations for Atlantis include Helike, Thera, Troy, and the North Pole.

Helike
Helike (/ˈhɛlɪkiː/; Greek: Ἑλίκη, pronounced [heˈlikɛː], modern Greek pronunciation: [eˈlici]) was an ancient Greek polis or city-state that was submerged by a tsunami in the winter of 373 BC.

It was located in the regional unit of Achaea, northern Peloponnesos, two kilometres (12 stadia) from the Corinthian Gulf and near the city of Boura, which, like Helike, was a member of the Achaean League. Modern research attributes the catastrophe to an earthquake and accompanying tsunami which destroyed and submerged the city.

The remains of Helike were rediscovered in 2001 buried in an ancient lagoon near the village of Rizomylos. In an effort to protect the site from destruction, the World Monuments Fund included Helike in its 2004 and 2006 List of 100 Most Endangered Sites.
How to Be Loved (film)
How to be Loved (Polish: Jak być kochaną) is a 1963 Polish film, directed by Wojciech Has.

The film, based on a novel of the same name by Kazimierz Brandys, examines the emotional casualties of war, which is perhaps the central theme of the Polish Film School. On a deeper level, the film manages to construct a personal tragedy that results from a struggle of egoism and cowardice versus devotion and courage.

The film was entered into the 1963 Cannes Film Festival.

Cinema of Poland
The history of cinema in Poland is almost as long as the history of cinematography, and it has universally recognized achievements, even though Polish films tend to be less commercially available than films from several other European nations.

After World War II, the communist government built an auteur-based national cinema, trained hundreds of new directors and empowered them to make films. Filmmakers like Roman Polański, Krzysztof Kieślowski, Agnieszka Holland, Andrzej Wajda, Andrzej Żuławski, Andrzej Munk, and Jerzy Skolimowski impacted the development of Polish film-making.  In more recent years, the industry has been producer-led with finance being the key to a film being made.
P.V.R. Raja
Penumatsa Venkata Ramaraju (born 1 June 1985), known professionally as PVR Raja, is an Indian music composer, record producer, songwriter and guitarist who works in Telugu cinema. He is nicknamed "Short films Maestro" and "Ilaiyaraaja of Short films". He initially composed music for over 250 Short films and Independent films.

Raja has composed music for the films Vitamin She (2020), Black (2022) and Madhi (2022). He won the Andhra Pradesh state award in the guitar category at the 2011 National Youth Festival (India). Raja entered the India Book of Records for composing the most number of short Telugu films.

National Youth Festival (India)
The National Youth Festival in India is an annual gathering of youth with various competitive and collaborative activities. Celebrated to commemorate the birth anniversary of youth icon Swami Vivekananda, it is organized by Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India in collaboration with one of the state governments. It is held in a different state each year during National Youth Week, 12–16 January every year.
1992 Davis Cup World Group qualifying round
The 1992 Davis Cup World Group qualifying round was held from 25 to 27 September. They were the main play-offs of the 1992 Davis Cup. The winners of the playoffs advanced to the 1993 Davis Cup World Group, and the losers were relegated to their respective Zonal Regions I.

In response to the Yugoslav Wars and following the adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 757 in May 1992, Yugoslavia was barred from competing in international sporting competition. This resulted in the Yugoslav team being disqualified from this and future Davis Cups, and their qualifying round tie against Cuba was defaulted. Cuba therefore qualified for the 1993 Davis Cup World Group.

1993 Davis Cup World Group
The World Group was the highest level of Davis Cup competition in 1993. The first-round losers went into the Davis Cup World Group qualifying round, and the winners progressed to the quarterfinals and were guaranteed a World Group spot for 1994.

The United States were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the first round.

Germany won the title, defeating Australia in the final, 4–1. The final was held at the Messe Düsseldorf Exhibition Hall in Düsseldorf, Germany, from 3 to 5 December. It was the German team's 3rd Davis Cup title overall.
Jörg Stohler
Jörg Stohler (born 27 August 1949) is a Swiss former international footballer who played as a defender during the 1970s and 1980s. He played over 300 League Championship matches and won the Swiss League Championship four times. He also won the Swiss Cup, the Swiss League Cup and Coppa delle Alpi once. Stohler played ten games for the Swiss national team.

Swiss Super League
The Super League (also known as the Brack Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a professional association football league in Switzerland and the highest level of the Swiss football league system. It has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season. The Swiss Super League is ranked 16th in Europe according to UEFA's ranking of league coefficients, which is based upon Swiss team performances in European competitions. The 2025–26 season is the 129th season of the Swiss top-flight, making it the longest continuously running top-flight national league.