hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pectin
Pectin (Ancient Greek: πηκτικός pēktikós: 'congealed' and 'curdled') is a heteropolysaccharide, a structural polymer contained in the cell walls and middle lamellae of terrestrial plants. The principal chemical component of pectin is galacturonic acid (a sugar acid derived from galactose) which was isolated and described by Henri Braconnot in 1825. Commercially produced pectin is a white-to-light-brown powder, produced from citrus fruits for use as an edible gelling agent, especially in jams and jellies, dessert fillings, medications, and sweets; as a food stabiliser in fruit juices and milk drinks; and as a source of dietary fiber.

Galactose
Galactose (/ɡəˈlæktoʊs/, galacto- + -ose,  sometimes abbreviated Gal), is a common monosaccharide, i.e. a simple sugar.  It is classified as a reducing hexose, more specifically an aldohexose.  In terms of structure, it is a C-4 epimer of glucose. A white, water-soluble solid, it is about 80‍–‍90% as sweet as glucose and about 65% as sweet as sucrose.
Symphony, K. 135+61h (Mozart)
The Symphony in D major, K. 135+61h, was probably composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1772. The first, second, and fourth movements are from the overture to the opera Lucio Silla, K. 135, and the third movement, the minuet K. 61h No. 3, was composed separately.

The symphony is scored for two oboes, two horns, two trumpets, timpani and strings.

Köchel catalogue
The Köchel catalogue (German: Köchel-Verzeichnis) is a catalogue of compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, originally created by Ludwig Ritter von Köchel, in which the entries are abbreviated K. or KV. Its numbers reflect the ongoing task of compiling the chronology of Mozart's works, and provide a shorthand reference to the compositions. For example, according to Köchel's counting, Requiem in D minor is the 626th piece Mozart composed, thus is designated K. 626.

Köchel's original catalogue (1862) has been revised several times. Catalogue numbers from these revised editions are indicated either by parentheses or by superscript: K. 49 (47d) or K.6 47d refers to the work numbered 47d in the sixth edition. The catalog was originally chronological, though revisions made chronological ordering of Mozart's works difficult and as of 2024 a new organizational system is used for the ninth version.
DoNotPay
DoNotPay is an American company specializing in online legal services and chatbots. The product provides a "robot lawyer" service that claims to make use of artificial intelligence to contest parking tickets and provide various other legal services, with a subscription cost of $36 for three months.

Legal informatics
Legal informatics is an area within information science.

The American Library Association defines informatics as "the study of the structure and properties of information, as well as the application of technology to the organization, storage, retrieval, and dissemination of information." Legal informatics therefore, pertains to the application of informatics within the context of the legal environment and as such involves law-related organizations (e.g., law offices, courts, and law schools) and users of information and information technologies within these organizations.
Jokotoba
Jokotoba (序詞), literally meaning "preface word", is a figure of speech found in discourse related to Japanese waka poetry. Jokotoba expressions are set before certain words, and make use of wordplay through similes, kakekotoba and homonyms.

Kakekotoba
A kakekotoba (掛詞, 懸詞) or pivot word is a rhetorical device used in the Japanese poetic form waka. This trope uses the phonetic reading of a grouping of kanji (Chinese characters) to suggest several interpretations: first on the literal level (e.g. 松, matsu, meaning "pine tree"), then on subsidiary homophonic levels (e.g. 待つ, matsu, meaning "to wait"). Thus it is that many waka have pine trees waiting around for something. The presentation of multiple meanings inherent in a single word allows the poet a fuller range of artistic expression with an economical syllable-count.  Such brevity is highly valued in Japanese aesthetics, where maximal meaning and reference are sought in a minimal number of syllables. Kakekotoba are generally written in the Japanese phonetic syllabary, hiragana, so that the ambiguous senses of the word are more immediately apparent.
Momin Saqib
Momin Saqib is a Pakistani actor. He rose to prominence with his viral video and gained on-screen mass media prominence with the portrayal of Essa Qudratullah in Hum TV's Raqs-e-Bismil, for which he received Hum Award for Best Television Sensation Male and a nomination of Best Emerging Talent at 21st Lux Style Awards.

Hum TV
Hum TV HD is a 24-hour Urdu general entertainment TV channel based in Karachi, Pakistan. It was founded by Sultana Siddiqui and Duraid Qureshi in 2005.

It is owned by Hum Network Limited and traded on the Pakistan Stock Exchange as (HUMNL).

Hum Network Limited was known as Eye Television Network Limited prior to 21 January 2011. Hum TV began its transmission on 17 January 2005. In March 2013, Hum Network held its first Hum Awards ceremony. As of 1 May 2018, Hum TV shut down its SD feed and shifted to HD resolution in Pakistan.

Hum TV is one of Pakistan's biggest entertainment networks and regularly is in the  top ranks and maintains a loyal fanbase on social media in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and streaming platforms, as well as on television.
Myelodysplastic–myeloproliferative diseases
Myelodysplastic–myeloproliferative diseases are a category of hematological malignancies which have characteristics of both myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative conditions.

When a hematological malignancy is characterised by normal differentiation of cells of myeloid cell line, it is referred to as myeloproliferative. On the other hand, when there is abnormal differentiation of cells of myeloid cell line, it is referred to as myelodysplastic.

Myeloproliferative neoplasm
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of rare blood cancers in which excess red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets are produced in the bone marrow.  Myelo refers to the bone marrow, proliferative describes the rapid growth of blood cells and neoplasm describes that growth as abnormal and uncontrolled.

The overproduction of blood cells is often associated with a somatic mutation, for example in the JAK2, CALR, TET2, and MPL gene markers.

In rare cases, some MPNs such as primary myelofibrosis may accelerate and turn into acute myeloid leukemia.
Inauguration of Fidel V. Ramos
The inauguration of Fidel V. Ramos as the twelfth president of the Philippines took place on Tuesday, June 30, 1992, at the Quirino Grandstand in Manila. The oath of office was administered by Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines Andres Narvasa.

The Inauguration was organized jointly by the Presidential Transition Cooperation Team of outgoing President Corazon Aquino and the Transition Team of incoming President Ramos.

Chief Justice of the Philippines
Chief Justice of the Philippines (Filipino: Punong  Mahistrado ng Pilipinas) is the title of the person who presides over the Supreme Court of the Philippines and who is the highest judicial officer of the government. 
As of April 5, 2021, the position is currently held by Alexander Gesmundo, who was appointed by then president Rodrigo Duterte following the early retirement of his predecessor, Diosdado Peralta, in March 2021.

The position of chief justice is the oldest major governmental office continually held by a Filipino. Cayetano Arellano became the first chief justice on June 11, 1901, predating the presidency and vice presidency (established in 1935), the Senate (1916, or September 1, 1901 if counting the Taft Commission), and the House of Representatives (1907, as the Philippine Assembly).
Étienne Fessard
Étienne Fessard, a French engraver, was born in Paris in 1714. He was a pupil of Edme Jeaurat, and proved an artist of sufficient merit to be accepted for candidacy (agréé) at the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture (1753).  A protegé of le comte de Caylus, whom he may have assisted in the development of skill in etching, Fessard received the appointment Engraver of the King's Library (graveur de la Bibliothèque du Roi) in 1756, with responsibility for the engravings of the royal collection of paintings and drawings, as a result of Caylus' influence.  On his death in 1777, the position was given to his student Augustin de Saint-Aubin. Fessard executed a considerable number of plates, but his efforts to resume the engraving of the King's paintings did not obtain the support of the Académie royale and resulted in only two plates: "Feste Flamande" after Rubens and "L'Empire de Flore" after Poussin.

Anne Claude de Caylus
Anne Claude de Tubières-Grimoard de Pestels de Lévis, comte de Caylus, marquis d'Esternay, baron de Bransac (Anne Claude Philippe; 31 October 1692 – 5 September 1765), was a French antiquarian, proto-archaeologist and man of letters.

Born in Paris, he was the eldest son of Lieutenant-General Anne de Tubières, comte de Caylus. His mother, Marthe-Marguerite de Villette de Mursay, comtesse de Caylus (1673–1729), was the daughter of vice-admiral Philippe, Marquis de Villette-Mursay.
His younger brother was Charles de Tubières de Caylus, who became a naval officer and governor of Martinique.

He was a cousin of Mme de Maintenon, who brought Marthe-Marguerite up like her own daughter. Marthe-Marguerite wrote valuable Souvenirs of the court of Louis XIV; these were edited by Voltaire (1770), and by many later editors.
Chirnside Park Shopping Centre
Chirnside Park Shopping Centre is a major regional shopping centre located in Chirnside Park, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia. Situated 32 kilometres east-north-east of the Melbourne central business district, the centre operates as a primary commercial and civic hub for the Yarra Valley region. Owned by the GPT Wholesale Shopping Centre Fund and managed by GPT Group, the centre has a gross lettable area of approximately 38,800 square metres.

The centre features 119 retailers, anchored by major national chains including Coles, Woolworths, Aldi, Kmart, Target and an eight-screen Reading Cinemas complex. In 2022, it became the first shopping centre in Victoria to achieve Climate Active carbon-neutral certification.

Coles Supermarkets
Coles Supermarkets Australia Pty Ltd, trading as Coles, is an Australian supermarket, retail and consumer services chain, headquartered in Melbourne as part of Coles Group. Founded in 1914 in the suburb of Collingwood by Sir George Coles, the company currently operates 846 supermarkets throughout Australia, including several now-re-branded Bi-Lo stores. Coles has over 120,000 employees and accounts for around 27 per cent of the Australian market.

Coles Online is the company's online shopping service.

Between 1986 and 2006, Coles Supermarkets was a brand of Coles Myer, later Coles Group, prior to Wesfarmers purchasing Coles Group in 2007. It became a subsidiary of Coles Group again after Wesfarmers spun off the business in November 2018.

In 2020, Coles changed its slogan to "Value the Australian way".
Field of sets
In mathematics, a field of sets is a mathematical structure consisting of a pair  consisting of a set  and a family  of subsets of  called an algebra over  that contains the empty set as an element, and is closed under the operations of taking complements in  finite unions, and finite intersections.

Fields of sets should not be confused with fields in ring theory nor with fields in physics. Similarly the term "algebra over " is used in the sense of a Boolean algebra and should not be confused with algebras over fields or rings in ring theory.

Fields of sets play an essential role in the representation theory of Boolean algebras. Every Boolean algebra can be represented as a field of sets.

Complement (set theory)
In set theory, the complement of a set A, often denoted by  (or A′), is the set of elements not in A.

When all elements in the universe, i.e. all elements under consideration, are considered to be members of a given set U, the absolute complement of A is the set of elements in U that are not in A.

The relative complement of A with respect to a set B, also termed the set difference of B and A, written  is the set of elements in B that are not in A.
FoodPharmer
Revant Himatsingka, better known as FoodPharmer, is an Indian health advocate. He is known for spreading awareness of clean eating choices and reading food labels in a humorous manner. His notable achievements are starting the 'Sugar Boards' and 'Oil Boards' that were adopted by Indian Schools. Ranked 15th in Forbes India's "Top 100 Digital Stars" of 2024, he began his career as an author and consultant before transitioning to social media. He gained prominence after a viral video in 2023 that criticised the high sugar content in Bournvita, sparking regulatory actions and industry reforms. Operating independently, he campaigns against misleading food practices. His activism has influenced product reformulations and public discourse on food standards in India. He has also been at the centre of several legal battles filed by major FMCG companies in India.

Fast-moving consumer goods
Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) are products that are sold quickly and at a relatively low cost. Examples include non-durable household goods such as packaged foods, beverages, toiletries, candies, cosmetics, over-the-counter drugs, dry goods, and other consumables.

Fast-moving consumer goods have a high inventory turnover and are contrasted with specialty items, which have lower sales and higher inventory holding costs. Many retailers carry only FMCGs, particularly hypermarkets, big box stores, and warehouse club stores. Small convenience stores also stock fast-moving goods; the limited shelf space is filled with higher-turnover items.
The Lone Rider in Cheyenne
The Lone Rider in Cheyenne is a 1942 American Western film directed by Sam Newfield and written by Oliver Drake and Elizabeth Beecher. The film stars George Houston as the Lone Rider, Al St. John as his sidekick "Fuzzy" Jones, and Dennis Moore as Sheriff Smoky Moore, with Ella Neal, Roy Barcroft and Kenne Duncan. The film was released on March 20, 1942, by Producers Releasing Corporation.

This is the eighth movie in the Lone Rider series, which spans seventeen films—eleven starring George Houston, and a further six starring Robert Livingston.

Robert Livingston (actor)
Robert Edward Randall (December 9, 1904 – March 7, 1988) was an American film actor known under his stage name, Robert Livingston. He appeared in 136 films between 1921 and 1975. He was one of the original Three Mesquiteers. He also played The Lone Ranger and Zorro.
Major sperm protein
Major sperm protein (MSP) is a nematode specific small protein of 126 amino acids with a molecular weight of 14 kDa. It is the key player in the motility machinery of nematodes that propels the crawling movement/motility of nematode sperm. It is the most abundant protein present in nematode sperm, comprising 15% of the total protein and more than 40% of the soluble protein. MSP is exclusively synthesized in  spermatocytes of the nematodes. The MSP has two main functions in the reproduction of the helminthes: i)  as cytosolic component it is responsible for the crawling movement of the mature sperm (without flagellum), and ii) once released, it acts as hormone on the female germ cells, where it triggers oocyte maturation and stimulates the oviduct wall to contract to bring the oocytes into position for fertilization.  MSP has first been identified in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Oocyte
An oocyte (/ˈoʊəsaɪt/, oöcyte, or ovocyte) is a female germ cell involved in sexual reproduction. An oocyte is an immature ovum, an immature egg cell produced in a female fetus in the ovary during gametogenesis.  During oogenesis, the oogonia become primary oocytes. An oocyte is a form of genetic material that can be collected for cryopreservation.
John R. Ingram (businessman)
John Rivers Ingram (born 1961/1962) is an American heir, businessman and philanthropist. He is the chairman of the Ingram Content Group, Lightning Source and Ingram Industries. He is the owner of Nashville SC.

Ingram Industries
Ingram Industries is a manufacturing company headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. The company consists of diversified businesses in marine transportation aggregate supply, book distribution, print on demand book manufacturing, management and distribution services. Ingram's businesses are divided into two units: Ingram Marine Group and Ingram Content Group.
D. K. Aruna
Dharmavarapu Kottam Aruna (born 4 May 1960) is an Indian politician from Telangana state. She served as a minister in Andhra Pradesh for Information and Public Relations in Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy's cabinet (2004–2009) and for Small Scale industries, Sugar, Khadi and Village Industries in Rosaiah's cabinet (2009–2010). She represented Gadwal constituency as an MLA in Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly between 2004–2014 and in Telangana Legislative Assembly between 2014 and 2018.

Aruna won the 2004 election under Samajwadi Party but later joined the Indian National Congress. She joined Bharatiya Janata Party in 2019 and was appointed its National Vice President in September 2020. Member of parliament 
Constituency-Mahabubnagar.

Gadwal Assembly constituency
Gadwal Assembly constituency is a constituency of Telangana Legislative Assembly, India. It is one of 14 constituencies in Mahbubnagar district. It is part of Nagarkurnool Lok Sabha constituency. The incumbent MLA is Bandla Krishna Mohan Reddy of the INC.
Ruknuddin Barbak Shah
Ruknuddīn Bārbak Shāh (Bengali: রোকনউদ্দীন বারবক শাহ, Persian: رکن الدین باربک شاه; r.  1459–1474) was the son and successor of Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah. Initially appointed as the governor of Satgaon during the reign of his father, Barbak ascended the throne of the Bengal Sultanate in 1459. He was the first ruler to give prominent roles in the Sultanate's administration to the Abyssinian community. Historian Aniruddha Ray credits Barbak Shah as the pioneer of urbanisation in Bengal.

Siddi
The Siddi (pronounced [sɪdːiː]), also known as the Sheedi, Sidi, or Siddhi, are an ethnic group living in Pakistan and India. They are primarily descended from the Bantu peoples of the Zanj coast in Southeast Africa, most of whom came to the Indian subcontinent through the Indian Ocean slave trade. Others arrived as merchants, sailors, indentured servants, and mercenaries.
WTBF (AM)
WTBF (970 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a sports format. Licensed to Troy, Alabama, United States, the station is currently owned by Troy Broadcasting Corp. and features programming from Infinity Sports Network.

Westwood One Sports (radio network)
Westwood One Sports (formerly Infinity Sports Network) is an American sports radio network programmed by Westwood One and Audacy, Inc. It debuted as CBS Sports Radio with hourly sports news updates on September 4, 2012, and with 24/7 programming on January 2, 2013.

At launch, programming on the network featured reporters and personalities from CBS Sports, CBS Sports Network, and CBSSports.com. Westwood One Sports is broadcast throughout the United States on radio affiliates and streamed online.
Memphis soul
Memphis soul, also known as the Memphis sound, is the most prominent strain of Southern soul. It is a shimmering, sultry style produced in the 1960s and 1970s at Stax Records and Hi Records in Memphis, Tennessee, featuring melodic unison horn lines, organ, guitar, bass, and a driving beat on the drums.

Many of the songs in this style were performed by vocalists backed by the house bands of Stax, Hi and Goldwax Records. Memphis soul sound is different from the Motown sound from Detroit or the lighter sound of Chicago soul. After the rise of disco in the late 1970s, Memphis soul declined in popularity. The Stax Museum of American Soul Music is dedicated to preserving the Memphis sound.

Hi Records
Hi Records is an American soul music and rhythm & blues label founded in Memphis, Tennessee in 1957 by singer Ray Harris, record store owner Joe Cuoghi, Bill Cantrell and Quinton Claunch (formerly producers for Sun Records), and three silent partners, including Cuoghi's lawyer, Nick Pesce.
Mauro Baldi
Mauro Giuseppe Baldi (born 31 January 1954) is an Italian former racing driver, who competed in Formula One from 1982 to 1985. In endurance racing, Baldi won the World Sportscar Championship in 1990 with Sauber, and the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1994 with Porsche; he won the 12 Hours of Sebring in 1998 and is a two-time winner of the 24 Hours of Daytona with Doran.

Baldi is one of 11 drivers to complete the informal Triple Crown of endurance racing, achieving the feat at the 1998 12 Hours of Sebring.

1998 12 Hours of Sebring
The 1998 Superflo 12 Hours of Sebring was the 46th running of the 12 Hours of Sebring. It also served as the inaugural round of the 1998 IMSA GT Championship season. It took place at Sebring International Raceway, Florida, on March 22, 1998.
Jean B. Lumb
Jean Bessie Lumb, CM, née Wong (1919–2002) was the first Chinese Canadian woman and the first restaurateur to receive the Order of Canada for her community work. Most notably, she was recognized for her pivotal role in changing Canada’s immigration laws that separated Chinese families and for her contribution in saving Toronto's First Chinatown and Chinatowns in other cities.

Chinatown
Chinatown (Chinese: 唐人街) is a common term used to describe an ethnic enclave of Chinese people located outside of Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, typically situated in an urban area. Chinatowns can be found around the world, including in Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania, and the Americas. The history of Chinatowns date back to the Tang dynasty in the 10th century, arising from the nation's important role in global trade.

Binondo in Manila, established in 1594, is recognized as the world's oldest standing Chinatown. Notable early examples outside Asia include San Francisco's Chinatown in the United States and Melbourne's Chinatown in Australia, which were founded in the early 1850s during the California and Victoria gold rushes, respectively. A more modern example, in Montville, Connecticut, was caused by the displacement of Chinese workers in New York's Manhattan Chinatown following the September 11th attacks in 2001.
Mkfs
In Unix and Unix-like operating systems, mkfs is a command used to format a block storage device with a specific file system. In those systems, a block storage device must be formatted with a file system before it can be mounted and accessed through the operating system's filesystem hierarchy.

In 4.2BSD, newfs was a front end for mkfs; in 4.3-Tahoe, newfs replaced mkfs.

History of the Berkeley Software Distribution
The history of the Berkeley Software Distribution began in the 1970s when University of California, Berkeley received a copy of Unix. Professors and students at the university began adding software to the operating system and released it as BSD to select universities. Since it contained proprietary Unix code, it originally had to be distributed subject to AT&T licenses. The bundled software from AT&T was then rewritten and released as free software under the BSD license. However, this resulted in a lawsuit with Unix System Laboratories, the AT&T subsidiary responsible for Unix. Eventually, in the 1990s, the final versions of BSD were publicly released without any proprietary licenses, which led to many descendants of the operating system that are still maintained today.