hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neonatal heel prick
The neonatal heel prick is a blood-collection procedure done on newborns. It consists of making a pinprick puncture in one heel of the newborn to collect their blood. This technique is used frequently as the main way to collect blood from neonates.  Other techniques include venous or arterial needle sticks, cord blood sampling, or umbilical line collection. This technique is often used for the Guthrie test, where it is used to soak the blood into pre-printed collection cards known as Guthrie cards.

The classical Guthrie test is named after Robert Guthrie, an American bacteriologist and physician who devised it in 1962. The test has been widely used in North America and Europe as one of the core newborn screening tests since the late 1960s. The test was initially a bacterial inhibition assay, but is gradually being replaced in many areas by newer techniques such as tandem mass spectrometry that can detect a wider variety of congenital diseases.

Galactosemia
Galactosemia (British galactosaemia, from Greek γαλακτόζη + αίμα, meaning galactose + blood, accumulation of galactose in blood) is a rare genetic metabolic disorder that affects an individual's ability to metabolize the sugar galactose properly. Galactosemia follows an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance that confers a deficiency in an enzyme responsible for adequate galactose degradation.

Friedrich Goppert (1870–1927), a German physician, first described the disease in 1917, with its cause as a defect in galactose metabolism being identified by a group led by Herman Kalckar in 1956. Galactosemia was the second disorder found to be detectable through newborn screening methods by Robert Guthrie.

Its incidence is about 1 per 60,000 births for people of European ancestry. In other populations the incidence rate differs. Galactosemia is about one hundred times more common (1:480 births) in the Irish Traveller population.
Jay Bergman (baseball)
Jay Bergman (born February 6, 1939) is an American former college baseball coach.  During his coaching career he served as the head coach of Seminole Community College, University of Florida and the University of Central Florida. The baseball stadium on the campus of the University of Central Florida was named Jay Bergman Field from 2001 to 2016.

In 1982, Bergman was fired as head coach at the University of Florida for violating Southeastern Conference rules and trying to conceal it. In 2006, Bergman was suspended for choking a pitcher during a game. Bergman was forced out at UCF with 10 games left in the 2008 season after being accused of harassing an equipment manager. Terry Rooney, the pitching coach at LSU, was hired to replace him.

Bergman finished his thirty-six season career as a head coach with an overall record of 1,183 wins, 688 losses, and 3 ties, and a winning percentage of .632.  In the early 2000s, he won three A-Sun Coach of the Year awards.

John Euliano Park
John Euliano Park, formerly Jay Bergman Field, is a baseball stadium located on the main campus of the University of Central Florida near Orlando in Orange County, Florida, USA. The stadium serves as the home of the UCF Knights baseball team.
GungHo Online Entertainment
GungHo Online Entertainment, Inc. (Japanese: ガンホー・オンライン・エンターテイメント株式会社, Hepburn: Ganhō Onrain Entāteimento kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese video game developer and publisher.  Their most prominent game is the mobile game Puzzle & Dragons, originally published in 2012 but still a major game in 2025, and the source of the vast majority of the company's revenue in the 2010s and 2020s.  They are also known for hosting the Japanese server of Ragnarok Online, developed by its listed Korean subsidiary Gravity.

The Legend of Heroes: Trails in the Sky
The Legend of Heroes VI: Trails in the Sky, later known as The Legend of Heroes: Trails in the Sky FC, is a 2004 role-playing video game developed by Nihon Falcom. The game is the first in the Trails series, itself a part of the larger The Legend of Heroes series. Trails in the Sky was first released in Japan for Windows and was later ported to the PlayStation Portable in 2006.

North American video game publisher Xseed Games acquired the rights from Falcom, but did not release it until 2011 due to the game's large amount of text necessary to translate and localize. A PlayStation 3 port was released in Japan in 2012, followed by a worldwide Windows release in 2014. A PlayStation Vita version was released in 2015 in Japan. A sequel, Trails in the Sky SC, was released in 2006. A remake, Trails in the Sky 1st Chapter, was released on the Nintendo Switch, Nintendo Switch 2, PlayStation 5, and Windows in September 2025.
Percy Ross
Percy Ross (November 22, 1916 – November 10, 2001) was an American multi-millionaire. He arrived in St. Louis Park, Minnesota around 1946–1947. He was associated with Ross and Ross Auctioneers. In 1959 he purchased a company called Poly-Tech, which made polyethylene plastic bags. He died in Edina, Minnesota on November 10, 2001.

Ross was best known for his philanthropy, particularly through his Thanks a Million newspaper column, wherein he would often grant requests for readers in need. Thanks a Million ran in more than 800 publications for 17 years. It eventually became a syndicated radio show running on over 400 radio stations. From the column and shows, he gave away an estimated US$20 to $30 million over a period of 17 years.

Ross was born and raised in Laurium, Michigan, on the Keweenaw Peninsula of Michigan's upper peninsula, about 10 miles from Michigan Technological University.

Laurium, Michigan
Laurium (/ˈlɔːriəm/; LAW-ri-um or /ˈleɪriəm/ LAIR-i-um) is a village in Calumet Township, Houghton County in the U.S. state of Michigan, in the center of the Keweenaw Peninsula. As of the 2020 census, Laurium had a population of 1,864.

The village is mostly surrounded by Calumet Township, with a small portion bordering Schoolcraft Township on the east.  The portion of Calumet Township south of Laurium is considered part of the Florida (or Florida Location) unincorporated community.
Brad Lang
Bradley Allen Lang (born March 18) is an American bassist. He became known for playing with Y&T, replacing long-time group member Phil Kennemore, after the latter was diagnosed with lung cancer. He later played with Bobby Blotzer's Ratt and BulletBoys.

BulletBoys
BulletBoys is an American hard rock/glam metal band formed in Los Angeles in 1987. The group's original lineup was composed of singer Marq Torien (formerly of Ratt, King Kobra, and Kagny & the Dirty Rats), guitarist Mick Sweda (formerly of King Kobra), bassist Lonnie Vencent (formerly of King Kobra), and drummer Jimmy D'Anda. The group released two successful albums and had a number of singles featured on MTV between 1988 and 1991. From the 1990s onward, the group went through numerous lineup changes, with Torien as the only consistent member. Their most recent album From Out of the Skies was released in 2018. The original lineup reunited for one-off shows in 2011 and 2019.

The group were strongly influenced by AC/DC and Van Halen, with Torien drawing comparisons to Van Halen singer David Lee Roth.
Nomhle Nkonyeni
Nomhle Nkonyeni (9 April 1942 – 10 July 2019) was a South African actress who has appeared in television series such as Mzansi, Tsha Tsha and the 2007 mini-series Society, as well as feature films such as Of Good Report (2013).

Of Good Report
Of Good Report is a 2013 South African thriller film directed by Jahmil X.T. Qubeka. The film had Mothusi Magano and Petronella Tshuma in lead roles. At the 10th Africa Movie Academy Awards, it received the most nominations and awards, and won the AMAA's Award for Best Film. The film was screened at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.

In July 2013, on the day it was to open the 34th Durban International Film Festival, it was banned by the National Film and Video Foundation for containing "child pornography". The decision was later overturned after an appeal by the producers of the film. In November 2022, Of Good Report opened the Africa Rising International Film Festival (ARIFF) and given "the premier it never had".
Elitzur Yavne B.C.
Elitzur Yavne (Hebrew: אליצור יבנה) is a basketball team based in Yavne, Israel. The team plays in Israeli National League, the second division basketball league in Israel, having been promoted from Liga Arzit (third division) at the end of the 2006–07 season. In 2005–06 and 2006–07, the team won the Igud Cup.

The club runs a youth department with six teams, where NBA player Omri Casspi started out. The team hosts their games in the "Shabazi Hall", with 600 seats, in Yavne.

Yavne
Yavne (Hebrew: יַבְנֶה) is a city in the Central District of Israel. In 2023 it had a population of 57,725.

Modern Yavne was established in 1949. It is located near the ruins of the ancient town of Yibna (known also as Jamnia and Jabneh), later the village of Yibna, and today the archeological site of Tel Yavne. Ancient Yavne holds a special place in Jewish history because of the ancient town's contribution to Judaism's recovery and reconstitution under sages ben Zakkai and Gamaliel II following the destruction of the Second Temple. This period, sometimes known as the "Yavne period", became a crucial mark in the development of Rabbinic Judaism. The city has a history of producing wine throughout much of antiquity, as indicated by both archeological findings and ancient sources.
Clinton L. Bardo
Clinton L. Bardo (1868 – 1937) was an American industrialist whose career included stints as general manager of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad and president of New York Shipbuilding. As president of the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) from 1934 to 1935, he became an outspoken opponent of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal.

National Association of Manufacturers
The National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) is an advocacy group headquartered in Washington, D.C., with additional offices across the United States. It is the nation's largest manufacturing industrial trade association, representing 14,000 small and large manufacturing companies in every industrial sector and in all 50 states. Jay Timmons has led the organization as President and CEO since 2011.

A 2018 Business Insider article described the NAM as "a behemoth in the US capital, receiving unfettered access to the White House and top lawmakers on Capitol Hill". In 2018, House Ways and Means Chairman Kevin Brady commented that passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act would not have happened without leadership from the National Association of Manufacturers.
Belaruskaya Gazeta
Belaruskaya Gazeta ("Belarusian Newspaper"; Belarusian: Беларуская газэта; Russian: Белорусская газета) was a pro-fascist collaborationist newspaper published in Minsk in the Belarusian language from 27 July 1941 to 28 June 1944 under the control of the German occupation authorities. From its first publication until 5 February 1942, it was called Menskaya Gazeta ("Minsk Newspaper"; Belarusian: Менская газэта). It was the largest Belarusian anti-Soviet periodical during the Second World War. The editors of the newspaper were Alexei Senkevich, Uładzisłau Kazłouski, A. Demchenko, Mikołaj Shkelenok and Anton Adamovich. A total of 272 issues were published.

Uładzisłau Kazłouski
Uładzisłau Kazłouski (Belarusian: Уладзісла́ў Казло́ўскі; Russian: Владисла́в Козло́вский 29 June 1896 – 18 November 1943) was a Belarusian publicist, publisher, poet, critic journalist, activist and politician.
The Chance of a Night Time
The Chance of a Night Time is a 1931 British comedy film directed by Herbert Wilcox and starring Ralph Lynn, Winifred Shotter and Kenneth Kove. The screenplay was written by Ben Travers based on his play The Dippers, and the cast included cast members from Travers's Aldwych Farces. It was shot at Elstree Studios outside London with sets designed by the art director Lawrence P. Williams.

The Dippers
The Dippers is a comedy play by the British writer Ben Travers first performed in 1922 and based on his own 1920 novel of the same title. Featuring a musical score by Ivor Novello, it opened at the Royal Court Theatre in Liverpool before touring, and then transferring to the Criterion Theatre in London's West End where it ran for 174 performances between 22 August 1922 and 20 January 1923. The West End cast included Cyril Maude, George Bellamy, Ernest Trimingham, Jack Raine, Hermione Gingold, Christine Rayner and Binnie Hale. Travers subsequently went on to pen the series of Aldwych Farces.
Courtenay Bennett
Sir Courtenay Walter Bennett CIE (11 May 1855 – 17 December 1937) was a British diplomat.

Bennett was born in Plymouth, Devon, the son of John Nicholas Bennett and Emily Gribble Prance. He began his career in the India Office. He subsequently moved to Her Majesty's Diplomatic Service, and held postings in Spain, Guatemala, Rio Grande do Sul and Réunion. He was made a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire on 21 June 1900. He served as the British Consul-General in San Francisco between 1901 and 1907. He then served as Consul-General in New York between 1907 and his retirement in 1915. He was made a knight bachelor in 1914. In retirement he lived in Devon.

Bennett was serving in the British diplomatic mission to the US during the first year of the First World War, and was engaged in early attempts to end American neutrality under the British ambassador, Cecil Spring Rice.

He died at his home in Postbridge, Dartmoor, aged 82.

Cecil Spring Rice
Sir Cecil Arthur Spring Rice, GCMG, GCVO (27 February 1859 – 14 February 1918) was a British diplomat who served as British Ambassador to the United States from 1912 to 1918, as which he was responsible for the organisation of British efforts to end American neutrality during the First World War.

He was also a close friend of US President Theodore Roosevelt, and served as best man at his second wedding.

He is best known as the writer of the lyrics of the patriotic hymn "I Vow to Thee, My Country".
National Register of Historic Places listings in Lee County, South Carolina
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Lee County, South Carolina.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Lee County, South Carolina, United States.  The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 17 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.  An additional property was once listed, but has since been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 19, 2025.

Lee County, South Carolina
Lee County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 16,531, making it the fifth-least populous county in South Carolina. Its county seat is Bishopville.
Ilija Spasojević
Ilija Spasojević (born 11 September 1987) is a professional footballer who plays as a striker for Super League club Bhayangkara. Born in Montenegro, he represents the Indonesia national team.

Spasojević is known for his goalscoring ability. A prolific goalscorer, Spasojević has won a Liga 1 Golden Boot and a Malaysia Premier League Golden Boot. Spasojević is also the current all-time top scorer for Bali United.

2017 Aceh World Solidarity Tsunami Cup
The 2017 Aceh World Solidarity Tsunami Cup was a four-team association football youth tournament held at the 45,000-seat Harapan Bangsa Stadium in the Indonesian city of Banda Aceh between the 2 and 6 December 2017. The tournament was organized as a show of solidarity for the areas affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami and to bring major entertainment events back to the city. Originally many teams were invited to participate, particularly those nations affected by the tsunami. Turkey and Australia were expected to participate but were not part of the final lineup. Tournament organizers would like to make the Aceh World Solidarity Tsunami Cup a yearly event. The tournament followed the same rules as football at the Summer Olympics, with the nations' under-23 teams competing with a maximum of three overage players on each roster.
Worcester Art Museum
The Worcester Art Museum houses over 38,000 works of art dating from antiquity to the present day and representing cultures from all over the world. The museum opened in 1898 in Worcester, Massachusetts. Its holdings include Roman mosaics, European and American art, and a major collection of Japanese prints.  Since acquiring the John Woodman Higgins Armory Collection in 2013, it is also home to the second largest collection of arms and armor in the Americas.

The museum houses collected architecture (the Chapter House, 1932), acquired paintings by Monet (1910) and Gauguin (1921), and presented photography as an art form (1904). The Worcester Art Museum also has a conservation lab and year-round studio art program for adults and youth.

Stephen C. Earle
Stephen C. Earle (January 4, 1839 – December 12, 1913) was an American architect based in Worcester, Massachusetts. During the late 19th century he had a large practice and was responsible for a wide variety of buildings built in New England and beyond. He practiced independently and as a senior partner of the firms of Earle & Fuller and Earle & Fisher. He is particularly remembered as a follower of the work of Henry Hobson Richardson.
Wheelchair curling at the 2006 Winter Paralympics
Wheelchair curling at the 2006 Winter Paralympics was played at the Pinerolo Palaghiaccio, in Pinerolo, 30 km southwest of Turin. Wheelchair curling was making its first appearance at the Paralympic Games and took the form of a mixed team event, open to athletes with a physical disability in the lower part of the body that required the everyday use of a wheelchair.

Teams from eight nations, each containing five athletes, entered with four teams advancing from a group stage to a knockout round. Canada won the sport's first Paralympic gold medal beating Great Britain in the final. Sweden won the bronze medal.

Wheelchair curling
Wheelchair curling is an adaptation of curling for athletes with a disability affecting their lower limbs or gait. Wheelchair curling is governed by World Curling, and is one of the sports in the Winter Paralympic Games.
Dominic Dale
Dominic Dale (born Christopher Dale; 29 December 1971) is a Welsh former professional snooker player, as well as a current snooker commentator, pundit and presenter for BBC Cymru Wales and TNT Sports (formerly BT Sport) in the United Kingdom.

Nicknamed "The Spaceman" and known for his flamboyant image, Dale won two ranking titles during his professional career, the 1997 Grand Prix, where he defeated John Higgins 9–6 in the final, and the 2007 Shanghai Masters, where he beat Ryan Day 10–6 in the final. He made ten appearances at the main stage of the World Championship at the Crucible Theatre, reaching the quarter-finals twice, in 2000 and 2014. He attained his highest world ranking of 19th in the 1999–2000 season.

Dale retired from the professional tour at the end of the 2024–25 season, aged 53.

Marco Fu
Marco Fu Ka-chun (Chinese: 傅家俊; born 8 January 1978) is a Hong Kong professional snooker player. He is a three-time ranking event winner, having won the 2007 Grand Prix, the 2013 Australian Goldfields Open and the 2016 Scottish Open. He has been a runner-up at two Triple Crown events, at the 2008 UK Championship and the 2011 Masters. In addition, Fu has reached the semi-finals of the World Championship twice—in 2006 and in 2016.

Fu reached a career-high ranking of fifth in the world in 2017. He turned professional in 1998 and has remained on the World Snooker Tour to-date. Despite not competing in events during the COVID-19 pandemic, Fu was given an invitational place to remain on the tour during the 2021–22 snooker season. As a prolific break-builder, Fu has compiled over 500 century breaks in professional competition, including five maximum breaks. A cultural icon in Hong Kong, Fu presented a 10-episode chat show called Marco Fu and Friends on ViuTV.
Dichotomy
A dichotomy (/daɪˈkɒtəmi/) is a partition of a whole (or a set) into two parts (subsets). In other words, this couple of parts must be

jointly exhaustive: everything must belong to one part or the other, and

mutually exclusive: nothing can belong simultaneously to both parts.

If there is a concept A, and it is split into parts B and not-B, then the parts form a dichotomy: they are mutually exclusive, since no part of B is contained in not-B and vice versa, and they are jointly exhaustive, since they cover all of A, and together again give A.

Such a partition is also frequently called a bipartition. The two parts thus formed are complements. In logic, the partitions are opposites if there exists a proposition such that it holds over one and not the other. Treating continuous variables or multicategorical variables as binary variables is called dichotomization. The discretization error inherent in dichotomization is temporarily ignored for modeling purposes.

Binary data
Binary data is data whose unit can take on only two possible states. These are often labelled as 0 and 1 in accordance with the binary numeral system and Boolean algebra.

Binary data occurs in many different technical and scientific fields, where it can be called by different names including bit (binary digit) in computer science, truth value in mathematical logic and related domains and binary variable in statistics.
Digital Farm Animals
Nick Gale,  known professionally as Digital Farm Animals, is an English DJ and record producer. He has featured on and co-written numerous tracks that have reached the top 10 of the UK Singles Chart, including "Don't Play", "Really Love", "Back to You" and "Be the One".

Back to You (Louis Tomlinson song)
"Back to You" is the second solo single of English singer-songwriter Louis Tomlinson featuring American singer Bebe Rexha and English DJ and producer Digital Farm Animals. It was written by Tomlinson, Digital Farm Animals, Pablo Bowman, Richard Boardman, and Sarah Blanchard, while the production was handled by Digital Farm Animals and Tommy Danvers. The single was released on 21 July 2017; its accompanying music video premiered the same date.
François Louis, Prince of Conti
François Louis de Bourbon, le Grand Conti (30 April 1664 – 22 February 1709), was Prince de Conti, succeeding his brother, Louis Armand de Bourbon, in 1685. Until this date, he used the title of Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon. He was proclaimed as the King of Poland in 1697. He is the most famous member of the Conti family, a cadet branch of the Princes of Condé. As a member of the reigning House of Bourbon, he was a prince du sang.

Princes of Condé
The Most Serene House of Bourbon-Condé (pronounced [buʁbɔ̃ kɔ̃de]), named after Condé-en-Brie (now in the Aisne département), was a French princely house and a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon. The name of the house was derived from the title of Prince of Condé (French: prince de Condé) that was originally assumed around 1557 by the French Protestant leader Louis de Bourbon (1530–1569), uncle of King Henry IV of France, and borne by his male-line descendants.

This line became extinct in 1830 when his eighth-generation descendant, Louis Henri Joseph de Bourbon, died without surviving male issue. The princely title was held for one last time by Louis d'Orléans, Prince of Condé, who died in 1866.