hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1920 North Dakota blizzard
The 1920 North Dakota blizzard was a severe blizzard that killed 34 people from March 15–18, 1920 in the state of North Dakota. It is considered among the worst blizzards on record in North Dakota.

High winds and an eight-inch (20 cm) snowfall stopped rail service in Bismarck, North Dakota, and only one telephone line functioned between Fargo, North Dakota, and Minneapolis, Minnesota. Telephone service was out between Devils Lake, North Dakota, and Fargo, North Dakota.

Among the victims were five country school students, including Hazel Miner and Adolph, Ernest, Soren, and Herman Wohlk. Also killed were a young mother, Mrs. Andrew Whitehead; Charles Hutchins, north of Douglas, North Dakota; the twelve-year-old son of Matt Yashenko, who lived five miles south of Ruso, North Dakota; and "Chicken Pete" Johnson, a Minot eccentric, who was found dead in his dug-out on South Hill in Minot, North Dakota.

Blizzard
A blizzard is a severe snowstorm characterized by strong sustained winds and low visibility, lasting for a prolonged period of time—typically at least three or four hours. A ground blizzard is a weather condition where snow that has already fallen is being blown by wind. Blizzards can have an immense size and usually stretch to hundreds or thousands of kilometres.
Tampico (song)
"Tampico" is a popular song, composed in 1945 by Allan Roberts, with lyrics by Doris Fisher. It was recorded and released in that year by Stan Kenton, earning a gold record award. The recording, featuring June Christy on vocals, became a top-10 hit in 1945, peaking at #3 on the Billboard charts. Christy later commented to the "Jazz Journal International" that she had been disappointed that her first recording with Kenton was "Tampico," but was fortunate that it was a hit and established her right away.

June Christy
June Christy (born Shirley Luster; November 20, 1925 – June 21, 1990) was an American singer, known for her work in the cool jazz genre and for her silky smooth vocals. Her success as a singer began with The Stan Kenton Orchestra. She pursued a solo career from 1954 and is best known for her debut album Something Cool. After her death, she was hailed as "one of the finest and most neglected singers of her time."
Yin Guifang
Yin Guifang (1 December 1919 – 1 March 2000) was a Chinese Yue opera singer-actress who played Sheng roles (i.e. male characters), sometimes known as the "Empress of Yue opera". Born into a poor family in Xinchang County, Zhejiang, Yin began her career at age 10 and rose to one of the biggest stars in 1940s Shanghai.

Like many artists, Yin Guifang was tortured during the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) which left half her body permanently paralyzed. After the Cultural Revolution, she continued to work in Yue opera despite her disability. In the 1980s she groomed a number of young singers who later became leading figures in Yue opera, among them Mao Weitao, Zhao Zhigang, Wang Jun'an and Xiao Ya.

Yue opera
Yue opera (Chinese: 越剧; pinyin: Yuèjù), also known as Shaoxing opera, is a popular Chinese opera genre, with only Peking opera considered to be more popular nationwide.

Originating in Shengzhou, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in 1906, Yue opera features actresses in male roles as well as femininity in terms of singing, performing, and staging. Despite its rural origin, it has found a second home in Shanghai, China's most affluent city, where it managed to out-compete both Peking opera and the native Shanghai opera. As Yue opera is performed in a variant of Wu, it is most popular in Wu-speaking areas including southern Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. In addition, the opera also has a sizeable following in Hong Kong due to Shanghainese migration to the city. Like its performers, Yue opera fans are mainly women, resulting in a disproportionate number of love stories in its repertoire and very little acrobatic fighting.
Paul L. Smith
Paul Lawrence Smith (June 24, 1936 – April 25, 2012) was an American actor. Burly, bearded and imposing, he appeared in feature films and occasionally on television since the 1960s, generally playing "heavies" and bad guys. His most notable roles include Hamidou, the vicious prison guard in Midnight Express (1978), Bluto in Robert Altman's Popeye (1980), Gideon in the ABC miniseries Masada (1981), Glossu "Beast" Rabban in David Lynch's Dune (1984) and Falkon in Red Sonja (1985). He was most frequently credited as Paul Smith or Paul L. Smith, but was also billed as P. L. Smith and Paul Lawrence Smith.

Red Sonja (1985 film)
Red Sonja is a 1985 American sword-and-sorcery epic film directed by Richard Fleischer, and written by Clive Exton and George MacDonald Fraser. It is based on Red Sonya of Rogatino by Robert E. Howard.

The film introduces Brigitte Nielsen as the title character, with Arnold Schwarzenegger, Sandahl Bergman, Paul Smith and Ronald Lacey in supporting roles. As in Howard's Conan, Red Sonja takes place in the Hyborian Age, a fictional prehistoric time previously depicted in the films Conan the Barbarian (1982) and Conan the Destroyer (1984). It tells the story of Sonja, who, after being raped, receives a divine gift and seeks revenge on her assailants.

It was theatrically released in the United States on July 3, 1985, by MGM/UA Entertainment Co. Upon release, the film was a critical and commercial failure, grossing $6.9 million against a budget of $17.9 million.
Álvaro Guevara
Álvaro Guevara Reimers (13 July 1894 – 16 October 1951) was a Chilean-born painter, based in London and loosely associated with the Bloomsbury set.

Guevara left Chile in 1909 and arrived in London on 1 January 1910. He attended Bradford Technical College, studying the cloth trade, but also spent two years secretly studying at the Bradford College of Art. After failing his technical college exams he went on to the Slade from 1913 to 1916 and had a one-man show at the Omega Workshops.

Guevara appears to have shown such serious anti-semitic attitudes whilst studying at the Slade that he was beaten up twice by fellow Jewish students, David Bomberg and Jacob Kramer for his bullying of Isaac Rosenberg.

He married Meraud Guinness (1904-1993), a painter and member of the Guinness family, and settled in France. He died in Aix-en-Provence on 16 October 1951.

Omega Workshops
The Omega Workshops Ltd. was a design enterprise founded by members of the Bloomsbury Group and established in July 1913. It was located at 33 Fitzroy Square in London, and was founded with the intention of providing graphic expression to the essence of the Bloomsbury ethos. The Workshops were also closely associated with the Hogarth Press and the artist and critic Roger Fry, who was the principal figure behind the project and believed that artists could design, produce, and sell their own works, and that writers could also be their own printers and publishers. The Directors of the firm were Fry, Duncan Grant and Vanessa Bell.
Red Ramsey
Herschel Randolph "Red" Ramsey (April 9, 1911 – April 19, 1984) was an American professional football player who was an end for four seasons with the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL). Ramsey played college football for the Texas Tech Red Raiders and was selected 42nd overall in the sixth round of the 1938 NFL draft, becoming the first football player drafted from Texas Technological College (now Texas Tech University).

Texas Tech Red Raiders football
The Texas Tech Red Raiders football program is a college football team that represents Texas Tech University (variously "TTU"). The Red Raiders competes as a member of the Big 12 Conference, which is a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The program began in 1925 and has an overall winning record, including a total of 12 conference titles and one conference division title. On November 8, 2021, Joey McGuire was hired as the team's 17th head football coach, replacing Matt Wells, who was fired in the middle of the 2021 season. Home games are played at Jones AT&T Stadium in Lubbock, Texas.
Gorysławice
Gorysławice [ɡɔrɨswaˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wiślica, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north-east of Wiślica, 13 km (8 mi) south of Busko-Zdrój, and 59 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Wiślica
Gmina Wiślica is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Wiślica, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) south of Busko-Zdrój and 60 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 100.58 square kilometres (38.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,690.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Nida Landscape Park.
Biology and political science
The interdisciplinary study of biology and political science is the application of theories and methods from the field of biology toward the scientific understanding of political behavior. The field is sometimes called biopolitics, a term that will be used in this article as a synonym although it has other, less related meanings. More generally, the field has also been called "politics and the life sciences".

Theories of political behavior
Theories of political behavior, as an aspect of political science, attempt to quantify and explain the influences that define a person's political views, ideology, and levels of political participation, especially in relation to the role of politicians and their impact on public opinion . Political behavior is the subset of human behavior that involves politics and power. Theorists who have had an influence on this field include Karl Deutsch and Theodor Adorno.
D-value (microbiology)
In microbiology, in the context of a sterilization procedure, the D-value or decimal reduction time (or decimal reduction dose) is the time (or dose of an antimicrobial drug) required, at a given condition (e.g. temperature) or set of conditions, to achieve a one-log reduction, that is, to kill 90% of relevant microorganisms. A D-value is denoted with the capital letter "D". Thus, after an exposure time of 1 D, only 10% of the organisms originally present in a microbial colony would remain. The term originated in assessments of microbes' thermal resistance and in thermal death time analysis; however, it now has analogous uses in other microbial resistance and death rate applications, such as for ethylene oxide and radiation processing.

Log reduction
Log reduction is a measure of how thoroughly a decontamination process reduces the concentration of a contaminant. 
It is defined as the common logarithm of the ratio of the levels of contamination before and after the process, so an increment of 1 corresponds to a reduction in concentration by a factor of 10.
In general, an n-log reduction means that the concentration of remaining contaminants is only 10−n times that of the original. So for example, a 0-log reduction is no reduction at all, while a 1-log reduction corresponds to a reduction of 90 percent from the original concentration, and a 2-log reduction corresponds to a reduction of 99 percent from the original concentration.
Kerry-Lynne Findlay
Kerry-Lynne Donna Findlay PC KC (born January 12, 1955) is a Canadian politician who served as the Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for South Surrey—White Rock from 2019 to 2025, and previously represented the riding of Delta—Richmond East in the House of Common from 2011 to 2015. A member of the Conservative Party, she had served as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Justice, Associate Minister of National Defence, and Minister of National Revenue while that party was in power under Prime Minister Stephen Harper.

Brent Chapman
Brent Chapman MLA is a Canadian politician who has served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia representing the electoral district of Surrey South since 2024. He is a member of the Conservative Party.
Close reading
In literary criticism, close reading is the careful, sustained interpretation of a brief passage of a text. It emphasizes the particular over the general, paying precise attention to individual words, syntax, and the order in which the sentences unfold ideas, as well as the formal structures of the text.

Close reading involves considering both what is said in a passage (content) and how it is said (form), in order to make observations and offer interpretive insight.

John Guillory
John David Guillory (born 1952) is an American literary critic whose "distinguished career has transformed the ways in which the discipline of literary studies understands itself." He is the Julius Silver Professor of English Emeritus at New York University.
Xiaomi YU9
The Xiaomi YU9 (Chinese: 小米YU9; pinyin: Xiǎomǐ YU9), known internally as the Kunlun, is an upcoming range extended full-size luxury SUV to be manufactured by Xiaomi Auto. It is the company's first vehicle to use a range extended powertrain.

Xiaomi Auto
Xiaomi Auto (小米汽车; legally Xiaomi Automobile Co Ltd) is a Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Beijing. It is a subsidiary of Chinese consumer electronics company Xiaomi. Founded in 2021 by Xiaomi founder and chairman Lei Jun, the company mainly develops and manufactures electric vehicles.
Sembach Kaserne
Sembach Kaserne (lit. 'Sembach Barracks') is a United States Army post in Donnersbergkreis, Germany, near Kaiserslautern. It is approximately 19 miles (31 km) east of Ramstein Air Base. From 1995 to 2012 the installation was a United States Air Force installation known as Sembach Air Base, until it was transferred to the United States Army. Prior to 1995 it was known as Sembach Air Auxiliary Field.

Named for the municipality of Sembach, it is the home of AFN Europe, U.S. Army Europe Band, 10th Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Medical Readiness Command-Europe, 68th Medical Group, U.S. Army NATO Brigade, 18th Military Police Brigade, 30th Medical Brigade, United States Army Corrections Facility-Europe, DoDEA Europe, and AAFES Europe, Africa, and Southwest Asia. During the Cold War, the installation housed a variety of U.S. tactical reconnaissance, close air support and tactical air control units as a front line NATO air base.

Sembach
Sembach is a municipality in the district of Kaiserslautern in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It forms part of the Verbandsgemeinde of Enkenbach-Alsenborn. The town is nestled in the Palatinate Forest Nature Park between Kaiserslautern and Donnersbergkreis. Sembach was first mentioned in the 13th century, in a document about a donation to the monastery of Enkenbach.
Geir Holmsen
Geir Holmsen (born 12 December 1956) is a Norwegian jazz musician, bassist, arranger and composer, and married 1983 to the singer Maj Britt Andersen. He participated in various bands connected to the jazz club Club 7 in Oslo, from the mid-1970s, including "Kråbøl", "Lotus" and "Chipahua". He is also known from "Jon Eberson Group" (1980–84), "Jazzpønkensemblet" (1982–85) and "Oslo Rhythm & Blues Ensemble" (1986–87).

Jazzpunkensemblet
Jazzpunkensemblet (established 1983 in Oslo, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz ensemble orchestra led by the famous musicians Jon Eberson on guitar and Nils Petter Molvær on trumpet, and known for a clean style duel between two rhythm sections, and the two records Live At Rockefeller (1991) and Thirteen Rounds (1998), presenting compositions by Jon Eberson.

They visited a series of festivals and concert halls in the 1990s, among them the 1998 Moldejazz.
Where Do They Go?
Where Do They Go? is the fourth studio album by New Zealand new wave band Mi-Sex, released in November 1983. The album peaked at number 80 on the Australian Kent Music Report. It would be the band's last studio album until Not from Here in 2016.

Mi-Sex
Mi-Sex (also styled as MiSex) is a New Zealand new wave band originally active from 1978 to 1986, and led for much of its existence by Steve Gilpin as vocalist, Kevin Stanton as guitarist and songwriter, Murray Burns as keyboardist and songwriter, and Don Martin as bassist. The group's manager for much of its career was Bob Yates. Mi-Sex achieved two top 10 hit singles in 1979-80: "Computer Games" in October 1979 (No. 1 in Australia, No. 5 in New Zealand) and "People" in 1980 (No. 6 and No. 3, respectively). Their first two albums both reached the New Zealand top 10, Graffiti Crimes (July 1979) and Space Race (No. 1, June 1980). They were known for their cutting edge production and dynamic live shows. Gilpin died in January 1992, two months after a serious car accident from which he never recovered. Mi-Sex have periodically reformed, including in 2011 with Steve Balbi (ex-Noiseworks) on lead vocals. Stanton died on 17 May 2017, Martin on 10 August 2020.
Lessertina
Lessertina is a genus of sac spiders in the family Cheiracanthiidae, endemic to the eastern and southeastern parts of South Africa. The genus was first described by R. F. Lawrence in 1942 and is named after Swiss arachnologist Roger de Lessert. As of September 2025 it contains only two species.

Roger de Lessert
Roger de Lessert (11 September 1878 – 1945) was a Swiss zoologist and arachnologist. He published extensively on spiders, particularly of the Afrotropical region. He described a large number of species and several are named in his honour including the genera Lessertia Smith, 1908 (Linyphiidae), Lessertina Lawrence, 1942 (Eutichuridae), Lessertinella Denis, 1947 (Linyphiidae) and Pellolessertia Strand, 1929 (Salticidae).
Köpmangatan
Köpmangatan (Swedish: "The Merchant Street") is a street in Gamla stan, the old town of Stockholm, Sweden.  A parallel street to Trädgårdsgatan, it stretches from the central square Stortorget to Köpmantorget, intercepted by Trädgårdstvärgränd, Skeppar Olofs Gränd, Peder Fredags Gränd, Själagårdsgatan, Staffan Sasses Gränd, Baggensgatan, and Bollhusgränd.

Stortorget
59°19′30″N 18°04′15″E﻿ / ﻿59.32500°N 18.07083°E﻿ / 59.32500; 18.07083

Stortorget (Swedish: [ˈstûːˌʈɔrjɛt], "the Grand Square") is a public square in Gamla Stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden. It is the oldest square in Stockholm, the historical centre on which the medieval urban conglomeration gradually came into being.  Today, the square is frequented by tens of thousands of tourists annually, and is occasionally the scene for demonstrations and performances. It is traditionally renowned for its annual Christmas market offering traditional handicrafts and food.
Debar
Debar (Macedonian: Дебaр [ˈdɛbar] ⓘ; Albanian: Dibër, Albanian definite form: Dibra or Dibra e Madhe) is a city in the western part of North Macedonia, near the border with Albania, off the road from Struga to Gostivar. It is the seat of Debar Municipality. Debar has an ethnic Albanian majority and is North Macedonia's only city where ethnic Macedonians do not rank first or second demographically. The official languages are Macedonian and Albanian.

Radika
Radika (Albanian indefinite form: Radikë, Macedonian and Serbian Cyrillic: Радика (pronunciationⓘ)) is a river in southern Kosovo and western North Macedonia, a 70 km (43 mi)-long right tributary to the Black Drin river.
William Norman Holmes
Sergeant William Norman Holmes MM (10 September 1896 – 21 December 1981) was a British World War I flying ace credited with eight aerial victories.

Between 11 March and 8 July 1918, while serving as an observer/gunner in No. 62 Squadron RAF, flying the Bristol F.2b fighter, he accounted for eight enemy aircraft; one Fokker D.VII, three Fokker Dr.I and four Albatros D.V. For his first three victories his pilot was Second Lieutenant S. W. Symons, for the fourth and fifth, Sergeant Frank Johnson, and for the last three one each with Captain Thomas L. Purdom, Lieutenant Douglas Savage and Captain William Ernest Staton. He was awarded the Military Medal on 12 June 1918.

No. 62 Squadron RAF
No. 62 Squadron of the Royal Air Force was originally established as a Royal Flying Corps squadron in 1916 and operated the Bristol F2B fighter in France during the last year of the First World War.  After the war the squadron was disbanded and it was re-established in 1937 as part of the buildup of the RAF in the late 1930s.  During the Second World War the Squadron was deployed to the Far East, operating the Bristol Blenheim from Singapore and Malaya.  In 1942 No. 62 Squadron was re-equipped with the Lockheed Hudson and it moved to Sumatra, then Burma and then India.  After the close of World War II the squadron disbanded for the second time.  It was briefly re-established from 1946 to 1947 as a Dakota squadron and operated out of Burma and India.  It final incarnation was as a Bristol Bloodhound missile unit in the early 1960s.
Religious naturalism
Religious naturalism is a framework for religious orientation in which a naturalist worldview is used to respond to types of questions and aspirations that are parts of many religions. It has been described as "a perspective that finds religious meaning in the natural world."

Religious naturalism can be considered intellectually as a philosophy and it can be embraced as a part of, or as the focus of, a personal religious orientation. Advocates have stated that it can be a significant option for people who are unable to embrace religious traditions in which supernatural presences or events play prominent roles, and that it provides "a deeply spiritual and inspiring religious vision" that is particularly relevant in a time of ecological crisis.

Michael Dowd
Michael Dowd (/daʊd/; November 19, 1958 – October 7, 2023) was an American author, Christian minister (United Church of Christ and Universal Life Church), lecturer, and advocate of ecotheology and post-doom.
We Mean Business (TV series)
We Mean Business is an American reality television series that aired on the A&E cable network starting on September 6, 2008.  The program featured three regular experts: "Business Expert" Bill Rancic, a former contestant on The Apprentice; "Tech Expert" Katie Linendoll; and "Design Expert" Peter Gurski.  In each episode, the three experts helped a struggling small business owner turn their business around by improving business practices and enhancing the marketing of the business.  Notably, the program was sponsored by Dell, which provided all of the new technical equipment given to the businesses.

Bill Rancic
William "Bill" Rancic (/ˈrænsɪk/ RAN-sick) is an American entrepreneur who was the first candidate hired by The Trump Organization at the conclusion of the first season of Donald Trump's reality television show The Apprentice. He is married to E! News host Giuliana Rancic and currently resides in Chicago, Illinois.
2012 North Carolina lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 2012 North Carolina lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 2012, concurrently with the other elections to the Council of State and the gubernatorial election. Primary elections were held May 8. The offices of Governor and Lieutenant Governor are elected separately. The incumbent, Lieutenant Governor Walter H. Dalton, announced on January 26, 2012 that he would run for Governor.

In the general election, Republican Dan Forest won 50.08% of the vote, narrowly defeating Democrat Linda Coleman. The election result was in doubt for almost two weeks after Election Day, and was within the margin in which Coleman could ask for a recount, but she chose not to do so on November 19.

When he took office in January 2013, Forest became the state's first Republican lieutenant governor since Jim Gardner left office two decades earlier.

Jim Gardner (politician)
James Carson Gardner (born April 8, 1933) is an American businessman and politician from North Carolina who served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives for just one term from 1967 to 1969 and served as the 30th lieutenant governor from 1989 to 1993.