hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sardar Patel Institute of Technology
Sardar Patel Institute of Technology (SPIT), officially Bharatiya Vidya Bhavans Sardar Patel Institute of Technology, is an autonomous un-aided Engineering Institute affiliated to University of Mumbai. The college was established in 1995 as an extension of its sister institute, the Sardar Patel College of Engineering, before becoming an independent unaided institute in 2005.  S.P.I.T is one of the premier technical institutions of Maharashtra, offering undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs in engineering and computer applications. Dr. Bhalchandra Chaudhari is the current principal of the institution.

University of Mumbai
University of Mumbai is a public state university in Mumbai. It is one of the largest university systems in the world with over 549,000 students on its campuses and affiliated colleges. As of 2013, the university had 711 affiliated colleges.

It was established in 1857 as the University of Bombay following a dispatch from Sir Charles Wood, President of the Board of Control, to Governor-General Lord Dalhousie. There are courses available covering science, commerce and the arts.
Voltage source
A voltage source is a two-terminal device which can maintain a fixed voltage. An ideal voltage source can maintain the fixed voltage independent of the load resistance or the output current. However, a real-world voltage source cannot supply unlimited current.

A voltage source is the dual of a current source. Real-world sources of electrical energy, such as batteries and generators, can be modeled for analysis purposes as a combination of an ideal voltage source and additional combinations of impedance elements.

Duality (electrical circuits)
In electrical engineering, electrical terms are associated into pairs called duals.  A dual of a relationship is formed by interchanging voltage and current in an expression. The dual expression thus produced is of the same form, and the reason that the dual is always a valid statement can be traced to the duality of electricity and magnetism.

Here is a partial list of electrical dualities:

voltage – current

parallel – series (circuits)

resistance – conductance

voltage division – current division

impedance – admittance

capacitance – inductance

reactance – susceptance

short circuit – open circuit

Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) – Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL)

Thévenin's theorem – Norton's theorem
DFDS Seaways France
DFDS Seaways France, trading as DFDS Seaways, and formerly known as New Channel Company A/S, is the trading name of the ferry services across the Dover Strait and English Channel operated by DFDS Seaways and formerly operated by LD Lines. Travel time is around 90 minutes.

DFDS Seaways
DFDS Seaways is a Danish shipping company that operates passenger and freight services across northern Europe. Following the acquisition of Norfolkline in 2010, DFDS restructured its other shipping divisions (DFDS Tor Line and DFDS Lisco) into the previously passenger-only operation of DFDS Seaways.
Colin Eglin
Colin Wells Eglin (14 April 1925 – 29 November 2013) was a South African politician best known for having served as national leader of the opposition from 1977–79 and 1986–87. He represented Sea Point in the South African Parliament from 1958–61 and from 1974–2004. Described by Nelson Mandela as "one of the architects of [South Africa's] democracy", Eglin played a leading role in the drafting of the country's post-apartheid constitution.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Germanic verbs
The Germanic language family is one of the language groups that resulted from the breakup of Proto-Indo-European (PIE). It in turn divided into North, West and East Germanic groups, and ultimately produced a large group of medieval and modern languages, most importantly: Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish (North); English, Dutch and German (West); and Gothic (East, extinct).

The Germanic verb system lends itself to both descriptive (synchronic) and historical (diachronic) comparative analysis. This overview article is intended to lead into a series of specialist articles discussing historical aspects of these verbs, showing how they developed out of PIE, and how they came to have their present diversity.

Indo-European ablaut
In linguistics, the Indo-European ablaut (/ˈæblaʊt/ AB-lowt, from German Ablaut pronounced [ˈaplaʊt]) is a system of apophony (regular vowel variations) in the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE).

An example of ablaut in English is the strong verb sing, sang, sung and its related noun song, a paradigm inherited directly from the Proto-Indo-European stage of the language. Traces of ablaut are found in all modern Indo-European languages, though its prevalence varies greatly.
Alexander Godunov
Alexander Borisovich Godunov (Russian: Александр Борисович Годунов; November 28, 1949 – May 1995) was a Russian-American ballet dancer and film actor. A member of the Bolshoi Ballet, he became the troupe's Premier danseur. In 1979, he defected to the United States. While continuing to dance, he also began working as a supporting actor in Hollywood films.  He had prominent roles in films such as Witness (1985) and Die Hard (1988).

Ballet dancer
A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers are at a high risk of injury due to the demanding technique of ballet.
Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur
Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur (September 18, 1888 – September 9, 1971) was a scholar of early English, German, and Old Norse literature at the University of California, Berkeley.  He is known primarily for his scholarly work on Beowulf and his translation of Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda for The American-Scandinavian Foundation, but also as a writer of pulp fiction and for his left-wing politics.

Snorri Sturluson
Snorri Sturluson (Old Norse: [ˈsnorːe ˈsturloˌson]; Icelandic: [ˈstnɔrːɪ ˈstʏ(r)tlʏˌsɔːn]; 1179 – 23 September 1241) was an Icelandic historian, poet, knight, and politician. He was elected twice as lawspeaker of the Icelandic parliament, the Althing. He is commonly thought to have authored or compiled portions of the Prose Edda, which is a major source for what is today known about Norse mythology and alliterative verse, and Heimskringla, a history of the Norse kings that begins with legendary material in Ynglinga saga and moves through to early medieval Scandinavian history. For stylistic and methodological reasons, Snorri is often taken to be the author of Egil's Saga. He was assassinated in 1241 by men claiming to be agents of the King of Norway.
Alexei Rogonov
Alexei Alexandrovich Rogonov (Russian: Алексей Александрович Рогонов; born 6 June 1988) is a Russian former pair skater. With partner Kristina Astakhova, he is the 2015 Winter Universiade silver medalist.

With former skating partner Anastasia Martiusheva, he is the 2009 World Junior silver medalist, 2009 Russian Junior champion, and 2012 Russian national bronze medalist.

2009 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 2009 World Junior Figure Skating Championships was an international competition in the 2008–09 season. Commonly called "World Juniors" and "Junior Worlds", they are an annual figure skating competition in which elite figure skaters compete for the title of World Junior Champion in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

The event was held between February 22 and March 1, 2009, at the Winter Sports Hall in Sofia, Bulgaria. The event had been provisionally scheduled to be held in Ostrava, Czech Republic, however, due to financial reasons, the Czech Figure Skating Association could not host. Therefore, on October 13, 2008, the International Skating Union definitively assigned the World Junior Championships to Sofia.
Robert Hardwick
Robert Hardwick is a retired bishop of the Anglican Church of Canada.  He served as the 12th Bishop of the Diocese of Qu'Appelle, which covers much of the southern part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan.  Originally from England, he and his family moved to Canada in 2001, where he became parish priest at St Stephen the Martyr, Swift Current, Saskatchewan.  In 2008 he was appointed executive archdeacon for the diocese and in 2012 he was elected Bishop of Qu'Appelle at an electoral synod.  He retired in 2021.

Greg Kerr-Wilson
Gregory Keith Kerr-Wilson is a Canadian Anglican bishop. Since 2012, he has been bishop of Calgary, and since 2015, he has been archbishop of Calgary and metropolitan of the Ecclesiastical Province of the Northern Lights in the Anglican Church of Canada. Earlier in his career, he was bishop of Qu'Appelle and dean of Edmonton and rector of All Saints' Anglican Cathedral in Edmonton. He was twice a candidate for Primate of the Anglican Church of Canada.
Full Time Job (album)
Full Time Job is the fifth studio album by Nigerian rapper and singer Phyno. It was released on 4 October 2024, through Penthauze Music. The album blends rap, highlife, R&B, and gospel, and features guest appearances from artists ArrDee, Flavour, Chip, Burna Boy, Johnny Drille, Fave, Cheque, group NSG, and media personality and convicted felon Hushpuppi. Production was handled mainly by JaySynths, with additional production from Major Bangz, Niphkeys, and Duktor Sett. The album serves as a follow-up to Something to Live For (2021).

Johnny Drille
Johnny Drille (born John Ighodaro; 5 July 1990) is a Nigerian singer, songwriter, and music producer. He rose to prominence in 2015 after releasing a cover of Di’Ja’s song "Awww", which attracted the attention of Don Jazzy, the founder of Mavin Records. He is known for his emotive style, blending folk, soul, and African influences.
Oak Ridge, Missouri
Oak Ridge is a village in the southern part of Apple Creek Township in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri, United States. The population was 237 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Jackson, Missouri
Jackson is a city in and the county seat of Cape Girardeau County, Missouri, United States. It is a principal city of the Cape Girardeau-Jackson metropolitan area Area. The population of Jackson was 15,481 at the 2020 census.
Valdezia
Valdezia is a sprawling rural settlement situated at the foothills of the Soutpansberg mountain range in Louis Trichardt, Limpopo Province, South Africa. It was formerly known as Albasini before Swiss Missionaries renamed it Valdezia in 1875. The village itself was formally established in 1820 by Tsonga refugees who were fleeing despotic rule from Soshangane. It is roughly 10 km east of Elim Hospital in the Hlanganani district in the former Gazankulu homeland, South Africa. It was the site of a Swiss mission station, and it was named after the Swiss canton of Vaud. Valdezia's population, according to the official census of 2011, currently stands at between 7,600 and 8,000 people.  It is considered the birthplace of the written Tsonga language in South Africa.

Tsonga language
Tsonga (/ˈ(t)sɒŋɡə/ ⓘ (T)SONG-gə) or Xitsonga (/ʃiˈtsɒŋ.ɡə/ shee-TSONG-gə) as an endonym (also known as Changana in Mozambique), is a Bantu language spoken by the Tsonga people of South Africa and Mozambique. It is mutually intelligible with Tswa and Ronga and the name "Tsonga" is often used as a cover term for all three, also sometimes referred to as Tswa-Ronga. The Xitsonga language has been standardised as a written language.

Tsonga is an official language of the Republic of South Africa, and under the name Shangani it is recognised as an official language in the Constitution of Zimbabwe. All Tswa-Ronga languages are recognised in Mozambique. It is not official in Eswatini (formerly known as Swaziland).
Robert Wirch
Robert W. Wirch (born November 16, 1943) is an American Democratic politician from Kenosha County, Wisconsin.  He is a member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing Wisconsin's 22nd Senate district since 1997.  He previously served two terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly, from 1993 to 1997, and served on the Kenosha County Board of Supervisors before that.

Kenosha County, Wisconsin
Kenosha County (/kəˈnoʊʃə/ ⓘ) is located in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 169,151, and was estimated to be 168,754 in 2024, making it the eighth-most populous county in Wisconsin. Its county seat and the largest city is Kenosha, the fourth-largest city in Wisconsin.

Kenosha County is situated on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area. The county has a direct rail link to Chicago via Metra's Union Pacific North Line. In 2022, Kenosha County was ranked 16th out of 72 Wisconsin counties for tourism revenue, at $424 million in 2022.
Farrer Memorial Trust
The Farrer Memorial Trust was established in 1911 in Australia in memory of William Farrer. Initially established to provide study scholarships to Agricultural Scientists, the Trust became responsible in 1941 for the annual presentation of the Farrer Memorial Oration and awarding the Farrer Medal.

Agricultural science
Agricultural science (or agriscience for short) is a broad multidisciplinary field of biology that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture. Professionals of the agricultural science are called agricultural scientists or agriculturists.
Prince Kofi Amoabeng
Prince Kofi Amoabeng (born February 22, 1952) is a Ghanaian businessman and a former military officer of the Ghanaian Armed Forces. He caused a paradigm shift in the lending industry in Ghana by founding Unique Trust Financial Services with three employees and grew it into a robust holding company, UT Holdings, with several subsidiaries both locally as well as in Africa and Europe. UT Bank, which he co-founded, collapsed in 2017 during Ghana's banking crisis amid allegations that he had misappropriated funds from the bank.

Ghana banking crisis
The Ghana banking crisis was a severe banking crisis that affected Ghana between August 2017 and January 2020. The Bank of Ghana (BoG) allowed several indigenous banks to be taken over by private companies between August 2017 and January 2019 after Nana Akufo-Addo was elected president in December 2016. Most of the indigenous banks had been at the risk of defaulting on their loans, as they had been affected by the economic fallout of the Great Recession, which caused the events leading up to the Arab Spring that occurred in North Africa beginning in 2010. The crisis is the most severe economic crisis to affect Ghana since it became an independent country in 1960. The COVID-19 pandemic arrived in Ghana towards the end of the banking crisis in 2020, dealing further damage to the country's economy.
Margarete Müller
Margarete Müller (18 February 1931 – 12 October 2024) was a German politician who was a member of the State Council of East Germany and, between 1963 and 1989, of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED). She was a candidate member of the SED politburo until the end of the one-party system.

State Council of East Germany
The State Council of the German Democratic Republic (German: Staatsrat der DDR) was the collective head of state of the German Democratic Republic, most commonly referred to as East Germany, from 1960 to 1990. Established as the standing organ of the supreme organ of state power, the State Council lost most legal authority upon the downfall of Ulbricht, with leaders increasingly drawing power from party posts rather than state office.
Ceprano Man
Ceprano Man, Argil, and Ceprano Calvarium, is a Middle Pleistocene archaic human fossil, a single skull cap (calvarium), accidentally unearthed in a highway construction project in 1994 near Ceprano in the Province of Frosinone, Italy. It was initially considered Homo cepranensis, Homo erectus, or possibly Homo antecessor; but in recent studies, most regard it either as a form of Homo heidelbergensis sharing affinities with African forms, or an early morph of Neanderthal.

Calvaria (skull)
The calvaria is the top part of the skull. It is the superior part of the neurocranium and covers the cranial cavity containing the brain. It forms the main component of the skull roof.

The calvaria is made up of the superior portions of the frontal bone, occipital bone, and parietal bones. In the human skull, the sutures between the bones normally remain flexible during the first few years of postnatal development, and fontanelles are palpable. Premature complete ossification of these sutures is called craniosynostosis.

In Latin, the word calvaria is used as a feminine noun with plural calvariae; however, many medical texts incorrectly list the word as calvarium, a neuter Latin noun with plural calvaria.
Martin Wolfram
Martin Wolfram (born 29 January 1992 in Dresden) is a German diver. He represented Germany at the 2012 Summer Olympics. At the time he competed in the Olympics, his height was 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m) and his weight was 123 lb (56 kg). Martin injured his arm whilst diving in the 10m platform competition. He finished 4th in the preliminary rounds with 496.80, 5th in the semi-finals with 519.00 and 8th in the finals 506.65. He was flown back to Germany after his injury.

At the 2016 Summer Olympics, he competed in the men's 10 m platform event. He finished in 5th place.

At the 2020 Summer Olympics, he finished in 7th in the men's 3 m springboard.

Diving at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 10 metre platform
The men's 10 metre platform diving competition at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place on 10 and 11 August at the Aquatics Centre within the Olympic Park.

The gold medal was won by David Boudia from the United States. China's Qiu Bo won silver and Tom Daley of Great Britain took bronze.
Achaemenid Syria
Achaemenid Syria was the portion of the Near East known in antiquity as Syria and governed under the Persian Achaemenid Empire as the Satrapy of Eber-Nari. Recorded Achaemenid satraps of Syria included Megabyzus, Belesys I and Belesys II. The administrative convention of governing the Persian region of Syria as a satrapy also continued under Macedonian rule following the conquests of Alexander the Great.

Satrap
A satrap (/ˈsætrəp/) was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires. A satrapy is the territory governed by a satrap.

A satrap served as a viceroy to the king, though with considerable autonomy. The word came to suggest tyranny or ostentatious splendour, and its modern usage is a pejorative and refers to any subordinate or local ruler, usually with unfavourable connotations of corruption.
Zamora-Chinchipe Province
Zamora Chinchipe (Spanish pronunciation: [saˈmoɾa tʃinˈtʃipe]), Province of Zamora Chinchipe is a province of the Republic
of Ecuador, located at the southeastern end of the Amazon Basin, which shares borders with the Ecuadorian provinces of Azuay and Morona Santiago to the north, Loja and Azuay to the west, and with Peru to the east and south.  The province comprises an area of approximately 10,559 km² and is covered with a uniquely mountainous topography which markedly distinguishes it from the surrounding Amazonian provinces.  Zamora-Chinchipe is characterized and largely identified by its mining industry; indigenous ethnic groups with a rich archaeological legacy; its  biodiversity; and its niche and tourist attractions, which include a number of waterfalls well-noted for their beauty.  The province takes its name from the administrative fusion of the Zamora and Chinchipe cantons.  The provincial capital is the city of Zamora.

Cantons of Ecuador
The cantons of Ecuador are the second-level subdivisions of Ecuador, below the provinces. The cantons are further subdivided into parishes, which are classified as either urban or rural.

As of 2025, there are 222 cantons in the country. The most recently created cantons are Sevilla Don Bosco in Morona Santiago Province in 2024; and La Concordia in Esmeraldas Province in 2007, although in 2013 La Concordia was transferred to Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas Province.

Below is a list of cantons by province. All populations are as of the 2022 census, with the exception of the canton of Sevilla Don Bosco, as it did not exist at the time.
Walther Oberhaidacher
Walther Philipp Anton Oberhaidacher (22 September 1896 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian Nazi who was the Gauleiter of Styria and a Reichstag deputy in Nazi Germany. He was also an SS-Brigadeführer who served as the Police President in Bochum and Dresden.

Austrian Nazism
Austrian Nazism or Austrian National Socialism was a pan-German movement that was formed at the beginning of the 20th century. The movement took a concrete form on 15 November 1903 when the German Worker's Party (DAP) was established in Austria with its secretariat stationed in the town of Aussig (now Ústí nad Labem in the Czech Republic). It was suppressed under the rule of Engelbert Dollfuss (1932–34), with its political organization, the DNSAP ("German National Socialist Workers' Party") banned in early 1933, but was revived and made part of the German Nazi Party after the German annexation of Austria in 1938.
Yi Han-eung
Yi Han-eung (Korean: 이한응; Hanja: 李漢應; 30 October 1874 – 12 May 1905), also known as Lee Han-eung, was a Korean civil servant and diplomat who served as the Chargé d'affaires to the UKGBI from 1904–1905. Unable to secure British intervention to preserve the territorial integrity of the Korean Empire in the wake of the Russo-Japanese War, Yi died by suicide in May 1905.  Yi was posthumously awarded the Order of Merit for National Foundation Independence Medal in 1962, and is considered a martyr of the Korean independence movement.

Order of Merit for National Foundation
The Order of Merit for National Foundation (Korean: 건국훈장) is one of South Korea's orders of merit. It is awarded by the President of South Korea for "outstanding meritorious services in the interest of founding or laying a foundation for the Republic of Korea." The Order was originally established under a slightly different name  건국공로훈장 (建國功勞勳章) by Presidential Decree #82, on Apr. 27, 1949, and is the oldest Order of the Republic of Korea. On January 16, 1967, there were major changes made to the Order of National Foundation under Presidential Decree #2929.  The name of the Order was shortened from 건국공로훈장 (建國功勞勳章) to 건국훈장 (建國勳章), and all three classes got new names and designs.
Ward No. 141, Kolkata Municipal Corporation
Ward No. 141, Kolkata Municipal Corporation is an administrative division of Kolkata Municipal Corporation in Borough No. 15, covering parts of  Badartala and Rajabagan in Garden Reach neighbourhood in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Badartala
Badartala is a suburb locality of South West Kolkata in West Bengal, India. It is situated in the south-western fringes of Kolkata near the bank of Hooghly River. Adjoined neighbourhoods are Rajabagan (east), Metiabruz (south east) and Akra Phatak (south). Ayub Nagar Basti, Kanchantala, Bagdipara, Nadial, Birjunala, Jeliapara, Kachari Bari, Waris Nagar, are some sub localities of the neighborhood.