hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dual gauge
A dual gauge railroad track has three or four rails, allowing vehicles of two track gauges to run on it.

Signalling and sidings are more expensive to install on dual gauge tracks than on two single gauge tracks. Dual gauge is used when there is not enough room for two single tracks or when tracks of two different gauges meet in marshalling yards or train stations.

3 ft 6 in gauge railways
Railways with a track gauge of 3 feet 6 inches (1,067 mm) were first constructed as horse-drawn wagonways. The first intercity passenger railway to use the 3 ft 6 in gauge was constructed in Norway by Carl Abraham Pihl. From the mid-nineteenth century, the gauge became widespread in the British Empire. In Africa it became known as the Cape gauge as it was adopted as the standard gauge for the Cape Government Railways in 1873, even though it had already been established in Australia and New Zealand before that. It was adopted as a standard in New Zealand, South Africa, Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Queensland (which has the second largest narrow gauge network in the world) in Australia.

There are approximately 112,000 kilometres (70,000 mi) of 1,067 mm gauge track in the world, which are classified as narrow-gauge railways.
Romeo and Juliet (Alec R. Costandinos song)
"Romeo and Juliet" is a 1978 disco single written and recorded by Cairo-born disco producer, Alec R. Costandinos and the Syncophonic Orchestra. The single was a retelling of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet and was taken from the album of the same name. The single spent one week at number one of the dance/disco chart in March 1978.

Romeo and Juliet (album)
Romeo & Juliet is the first studio album by the disco musician Alec R. Costandinos and the Syncophonic Orchestra released in 1978. It was recorded at Trident Studios, London, in September 1977 and released by Ibis in France and Casablanca Records in the US.

The album consists of one over 30-minute long disco suite composed of five acts, including various instruments and genres. It included famous collaborators such as Don Ray, Herbie Flowers, Peter Van Hooke, Alan Hawkshaw, Chris Karan, Frank Ricotti and the photographer Ron Slenzak. One fragment was released as a "Romeo and Juliet" single and reached the top of US Hot Dance Club Play chart in March 1978. The album was called "conceptual masterpiece" by the AllMusic reviewer Jason Birchmeier, who gave it 4.5 out of 5 stars.
TenPuru
TenPuru: No One Can Live on Loneliness (てんぷる, Tenpuru; lit. 'Temple') is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kimitake Yoshioka. It has been serialized in Kodansha's online platform Comic Days since September 2018. A 12-episode anime television series adaptation by Gekkou aired from July to September 2023.

Sumire Uesaka
Sumire Uesaka (上坂すみれ, Uesaka Sumire; born December 19, 1991) is a Japanese voice actress and singer associated with Voice Kit. She first began her career as a junior talent in 2000, appearing in various commercials. In 2011, she transitioned into voice acting. She won the Best Rookie Actress at the 10th Seiyu Awards. In addition to voice acting, Uesaka began a music career in April 2013 under King Records under the King Amusement Creative label.
Ravindra N. Singh
Ravindra N. Singh is an Indian American scientist, inventor and academic. He is a professor in the Department of Biomedical Sciences of the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University.

Singh is most known for researching RNA biology and molecular genetics; particularly for the invention of the Intron Splicing Silencer N1 (ISS-N1) target that led to the first FDA-approved drug (Spinraza/Nusinersen) for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). He is the recipient of several awards, including the Salsbury Endowment at Iowa State University and the 2006 Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE).

Nusinersen
Nusinersen, marketed as Spinraza, is a medication used in treating spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a rare neuromuscular disorder. In December 2016, it became the first approved drug used in treating this disorder.

Since the condition it treats is so rare, nusinersen has so-called "orphan drug" designation in the United States and the European Union.
William Bell, No. 24
The William Bell was a pilot boat built in 1864 by shipbuilder Edward F. Williams at Greenpoint, Brooklyn for a group Sandy Hook Pilots. She was captured and burned by the Confederate raiding steamer CSS Tallahassee during the American Civil War. A second William Bell was constructed in 1864–1865 to replace the first one.

CSS Tallahassee
The CSS Tallahassee was a twin-screw steamer and cruiser in the Confederate States Navy, purchased in 1864, and used for commerce raiding off the Atlantic coast. She later operated under the names CSS Olustee and CSS Chameleon.
Taifer C2 Office Complex
The Taifer C2 Office Complex (Chinese: 台肥C2辦公大樓) is  skyscraper office complex completed in 2021 and located in Nangang District, Taipei, Taiwan. The complex consists of three towers A, B and C, with heights of 127.4 m (418 ft), 128.5 m (422 ft) and 86.8 m (285 ft), respectively. The tallest is Tower B, with 28 floors above ground. The building consists of four basement levels, with a total floor area of 197,949.44 m2 (2,130,710.0 sq ft). One of the most prominent landmarks in the Nangang Software Park adjacent to the Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center, the building serves as the corporate headquarters of Taiwan Fertilizer. The building is accessible within walking distance of Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center metro station on the Bannan Line of Taipei Metro.

Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center metro station
Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center (Chinese: 南港展覽館; pinyin: Nángǎng Zhǎnlǎnguǎn) is a metro station in Taipei, Taiwan served by Taipei Metro. It is a terminal station on both Wenhu line and Bannan line, and serves the Nangang, Neihu, and Xizhi districts.
Intercession Altarpiece
The Intercession Altarpiece is a five-panel tempera and gold on panel painting by Gentile da Fabriano, produced during his stay in Florence from 1420 to 1423. Its original location is unknown, though it is now in the sacristy of San Niccolò Oltrarno in Florence. It is named after its central panel of Jesus and the Virgin Mary interceding to God the Father. The two outermost panels show Louis of Toulouse and Bernard of Clairvaux. The two inner side-panels show the Resurrection of Lazarus and a group of three saints (Saints Cosmas, Damian and Julian).

Gentile da Fabriano
Gentile da Fabriano (c. 1370 – 1427) was an Italian painter known for his participation in the International Gothic pictorial style. He worked in various places in central Italy, mostly in Tuscany.

His best-known works are his Adoration of the Magi from the Strozzi Altarpiece (1423), and the Flight into Egypt. Following a visit to Florence in 1419, he came in contact with humanism, which influenced his work throughout the rest of his career. He became highly influential on other painters in Florence, especially with his detailed representations inspired by his observations of the natural world.
League Against Cruel Sports
The League Against Cruel Sports, formerly known as the League for the Prohibition of Cruel Sports, is a UK-based animal welfare charity which campaigns to stop blood sports such as fox hunting, hare and deer hunting; game bird shooting; and animal fighting. The charity helped bring about the Hunting Act 2004 and Protection of Wild Mammals (Scotland) Act 2002, which banned hunting with hounds in England, Wales and Scotland.

Fox hunting
Fox hunting is an activity involving the tracking, chase and, if caught, the killing of a fox, normally a red fox, by trained foxhounds or other scent hounds. A group of unarmed followers, led by a "master of foxhounds" (or "master of hounds"), follow the hounds on foot or on horseback.

Fox hunting with hounds, as a formalised activity, originated in England in the sixteenth century, in a form very similar to that practised until February 2005, when a law banning the activity in England and Wales came into force. A ban on hunting in Scotland had been passed in 2002, but it continues to be within the law in Northern Ireland and several other jurisdictions, including Australia, Canada, France, Ireland and the United States.

The sport is controversial, particularly in the United Kingdom. Proponents of fox hunting view it as an important part of rural culture and useful for reasons of conservation and pest control, while opponents argue it is cruel and unnecessary.
Wenxiu
Wenxiu (20 December 1909 – 17 September 1953), also known as Consort Shu (淑妃) and Ailian (愛蓮), was a consort of Puyi, the last Emperor of China and final ruler of the Qing dynasty. She was from the Mongol Erdet (額爾德特) clan and her family was under the Bordered Yellow Banner of the Eight Banners.

Zhang Garden
The Zhang Garden or Zhangyuan (張園) is a European-style former garrison building in Tianijn, China built in the 1930s. Prior to construction of the garrison building the site contained a mansion residence, built in 1916 in the Japanese Concession of Tianjin by Zhang Biao, a former high-ranking official in the Qing Court. The mansion served as a temporary home for both  Sun Yat-sen, the first president of the Republic of China, who briefly resided there in 1924, as well as Puyi, the last Emperor of the Qing Dynasty, who lived in the now demolished mansion from 1925 until 1929
Lagares e Figueira
Lagares e Figueira is a civil parish in the municipality of Penafiel, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Lagares and Figueira. The population in 2011 was 2,866, in an area of 16.64 km².

Penafiel
Penafiel (Portuguese pronunciation: [pɨnɐfiˈɛl] ⓘ or Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌpenɐfiˈɛl] ⓘ) is a municipality and former bishopric (now a Latin Catholic titular see) in the northern Portuguese district of Porto. Capital of the Tâmega Subregion, the population was 72,265 in 2011, in an area of 212.24 square kilometres (81.95 mi2).
S1 (St. Gallen S-Bahn)
The S1 is a railway service of the St. Gallen S-Bahn that provides half-hourly service between Schaffhausen and Wil, via St. Gallen, in the Swiss cantons of Zürich, Thurgau, Schaffhausen, and St. Gallen. The entire line is also part of the Bodensee S-Bahn. THURBO, a joint venture of Swiss Federal Railways and the canton of Thurgau, operates the service.

Romanshorn railway station
Romanshorn railway station (German: Bahnhof Romanshorn) is a railway station that serves the municipality of Romanshorn, in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland.  Opened in 1855, the station is owned and operated by SBB-CFF-FFS.  It forms the junction between the Winterthur–Romanshorn railway, the Schaffhausen–Rorschach railway and the Romanshorn–Nesslau Neu St. Johann railway.

The SBB-CFF-FFS and Thurbo operate both long-distance and local traffic to and from the station. These include four St. Gallen S-Bahn lines and an InterCity train to Brig.
Errico Malatesta
Errico Malatesta (4 December 1853 – 22 July 1932) was an Italian anarchist, theorist and revolutionary socialist. He edited several radical newspapers and spent much of his life exiled and imprisoned, having been jailed and expelled from Italy, Britain, France, and Switzerland. Originally a supporter of insurrectionary propaganda by deed, Malatesta later advocated for syndicalism. His exiles included five years in Europe and 12 years in Argentina. Malatesta participated in actions including an 1895 Spanish revolt and a Belgian general strike. He toured the United States, giving lectures and founding the influential anarchist journal La Questione Sociale. After World War I, he returned to Italy where his Umanità Nova had some popularity before its closure under the rise of Mussolini.

Umanità Nova
Umanità Nova is an Italian anarchist newspaper founded in 1920.

It was published daily until 1922 when it was shut down by the fascist regime. In some places, its circulation exceeded that of the socialist paper Avanti!  Upon the fall of the regime in 1945, the publication began again, this time weekly.

The paper continues today, and Umanità Nova is the mouthpiece of the Italian Anarchist Federation.

Contributors to Umanità Nova include its founders, Errico Malatesta and Antonio Cieri; Camillo Berneri, Armando Borghi, Carlo Frigerio and Emilia Rensi.
Cabinet of Ivo Sanader I
The Ninth Government of the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Deveta Vlada Republike Hrvatske) was the first of two Croatian Government cabinets led by Prime Minister Ivo Sanader. It was announced on 23 December 2003 and its term ended on 12 January 2008. All but two cabinet members came from the ruling Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) party, following their win in the 2003 parliamentary elections (with the exception of Dragan Primorac, who was formally a non-party minister at the time of his appointment, but later joined HDZ and Vesna Škare-Ožbolt who had been a member of HDZ in the 1990s but then joined the Democratic Centre, a small centre-right party which allied with HDZ after the 2003 elections).

Democratic Centre (Croatia)
The Democratic Centre (Croatian: Demokratski centar; DC) was a minor Croatian center-right political party active in the 2000s. Originally established as an offshoot of the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) in 2000, the party eventually merged back into HDZ in 2015.
Woodland, California
Woodland is a city in and the county seat of Yolo County, California, United States. Located approximately 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Sacramento, it is a part of the Sacramento metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, Woodland had a population of 61,032.

Woodland's origins date to 1850 when California gained statehood and Yolo County was established. The area was well irrigated due to the efforts of James Moore, which drew people into farming as the soil was very fertile. The city gained a federal post office in 1861 with the help of Missourian Frank S. Freeman. A year after this, in 1862, the county seat was moved from Washington (present day West Sacramento) to Woodland after Washington was flooded. The addition of a railroad line to Sacramento, and the more recent addition of Interstate 5, helped the city to thrive.

Yolobus
Yolobus provides public transportation throughout Yolo County, California and into downtown Sacramento, western Sacramento County and northeastern Solano County.

The Yolobus fleet consists of 50 compressed natural gas (CNG) buses and 10 paratransit vehicles. Yolobus is administered by Yolo County Transportation District and bus operations have been contracted to Transdev (formerly Veolia Transport) since 2006. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 532,400, or about 3,200 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.
Alfred Schmitt
Alfred Schmitt (30 November 1907 – 2 April 1975) was a French astronomer. Schmitt worked at Algiers Observatory in the 1930s and 1940s and at the Royal Observatory in Uccle, Belgium in the 1950s. From 1955 to 1958 he was also director of the Quito Observatory in Ecuador. He extensively studied minor planets and comets and is credited with having discovered four asteroids.

Center of Research in Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Geophysics
The Algiers Observatory was built in the late 19th century in the Algiers suburb of Bouzaréah, Algeria, North Africa. It participated in the Astrographic Catalogue project, taking the zone between -2 and +4 degrees to expose 1,260 plates between the years 1891 and 1911. At the tail end of that time, the director of the installation was François Gonnessiat.

It is now known as the Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), where it combines astronomy with work in astrophysics, and geophysical research, including the monitoring of earthquakes.
Harriette Chick
Dame Harriette Chick DBE (6 January 1875 – 9 July 1977) was a British microbiologist, protein scientist, and nutritionist. She is best remembered for demonstrating the roles of sunlight and cod liver oil in preventing rickets. She also greatly contributed to the medical and public community as she discovered the origins of a number of diseases, including rickets and pellagra, and was a co-discoverer of the standard Chick-Martin test for disinfectants.

Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine
The Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, informally known as the Lister Institute, was established as a research institute (the British Institute of Preventive Medicine) in 1891, with bacteriologist Marc Armand Ruffer as its first director, using a grant of £250,000 from Edward Cecil Guinness of the Guinness family. It had premises in Chelsea in London, Sudbury in Suffolk, and Elstree in Hertfordshire, England. It was the first medical research charity in the United Kingdom. It was renamed the Jenner Institute (after Edward Jenner, the pioneer of smallpox vaccine) in 1898 and then, in 1903, as the Lister Institute in honour of the great surgeon and medical pioneer, Dr Joseph Lister. In 1905, the institute became a school of the University of London.
1951 Atlantic C-124 disappearance
The 1951 Atlantic C-124 disappearance involved a Douglas C-124 Globemaster II of the 2nd Strategic Support Squadron, Strategic Air Command, which ditched into the Atlantic Ocean on the late afternoon of 23 March 1951 after reporting a fire in the cargo hold. The ditching and subsequent evacuation were successful, but the aircraft and its occupants had vanished by the time US Coast Guard Cutter Casco arrived at the last reported location.

Douglas C-124 Globemaster II
The Douglas C-124 Globemaster II, nicknamed "Old Shaky", is a retired American heavy-lift cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company in Long Beach, California.

The C-124 was the primary heavy-lift transport for United States Air Force (USAF) Military Air Transport Service (MATS) during the 1950s and early 1960s, until the Lockheed C-141 Starlifter entered service. It served in MATS, later Military Airlift Command (MAC), and units of the Air Force Reserve and Air National Guard until retired in 1974.
Ķekava
Ķekava (historical German: Keckau) is a city in Latvia and the center of Ķekava Municipality, in the historical region of Vidzeme. It is on the left side of the Sausā Daugava, a tributary of the Daugava River. It is also the extra-territorial center of the adjacent Ķekava Parish.

Ķekava Municipality
Ķekava Municipality (Latvian: Ķekavas novads) is a municipality in Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2009 by merging Baloži town, Daugmale Parish and Ķekava Parish, the administrative centre being Ķekava.

On 1 July 2021, Ķekava Municipality was enlarged when the former Baldone Municipality was merged into it. The territory of Ķekava Municipality is defined by Latvian law as belonging partly of the region of Vidzeme and partly to Semigallia.
Bremgarten, Aargau
Bremgarten is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It serves as seat of the district of Bremgarten.  The medieval old town is listed as a heritage site of national significance.  In 2013, Bremgarten was the first municipality in Europe to introduce laws forbidding asylum seekers from visiting certain public places such as libraries, swimming pools, schools and churches.

On 1 January 2014 the former municipality of Hermetschwil-Staffeln merged into the municipality of Bremgarten.

Aargau
Aargau (/ˈɑːrɡaʊ/ AR-gow, Swiss Standard German: [ˈaːrɡaʊ] ⓘ), more formally the Canton of Aargau (German: Kanton Aargau; Romansh: Chantun Argovia; French: Canton d'Argovie; Italian: Canton Argovia), is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of eleven districts and its capital is Aarau.

Aargau is one of the most northerly cantons of Switzerland, by the lower course of the Aare River, which is why it is called Aar-gau ("Aare province"). It is one of the most densely populated regions of Switzerland.
Tairawhiti Polytechnic
Tairawhiti Polytechnic was a public New Zealand tertiary education institution. The main campus is based in Gisborne in the North Island. It provides full- and part-time education leading to certificates, diplomas, and applied bachelor's degrees. On 1 January 2011, Tairawhiti Polytechnic merged with Eastern Institute of Technology in Napier.

Eastern Institute of Technology
The Eastern Institute of Technology (EIT) is a government owned tertiary education institution with three campuses: Hawke’s Bay, Auckland, and Gisborne, New Zealand. It is also referred to as EIT Hawke's Bay, EIT Tairāwhiti, and EIT Auckland.  EIT serves as the main regional higher education centre for the Hawke's Bay and Gisborne regions.
Louisiana's 24th State Senate district
Louisiana's 24th State Senate district is one of 39 districts in the Louisiana State Senate. It has been represented by Democrat Gerald Boudreaux since 2016, succeeding Democrat-turned-Republican Elbert Guillory.

Gerald Boudreaux
Gerald Boudreaux is an American politician who hails from Lafayette, Louisiana. He is affiliated with the Democratic Party and has been representing District 24 in the Louisiana State Senate since 2016.
Hugh Russell
Hugh Russell (15 December 1959 – 13 October 2023) was a Northern Irish professional boxer from the New Lodge area of Belfast who competed from 1981 to 1985. He held the British bantamweight title in 1983 and flyweight title from 1984 to 1985. As an amateur, he won bronze medals at the 1978 Commonwealth Games and the 1980 Summer Olympics, both in the flyweight division.

New Lodge, Belfast
The New Lodge (Irish: An Lóiste Nua) is an urban, working class Catholic community in Belfast, Northern Ireland, immediately to the north of the city centre. The landscape is dominated by several large tower blocks. The area has a number of murals, mostly sited along the New Lodge Road. The locality is demarcated by Duncairn Gardens, Antrim Road, Clifton Street, and dependent on opinion, York Street or North Queen Street. North Queen Street and Duncairn Gardens have often seen rioting between republicans and loyalists. The New Lodge is also an electoral ward of Belfast City Council.
Eriskay
Eriskay (Scottish Gaelic: Èirisgeigh), from the Old Norse for "Eric's Isle", is an island and community council area of the Outer Hebrides in northern Scotland with a population of 160. It lies between South Uist and Barra and is connected to South Uist by a causeway which was opened in 2001. In the same year Ceann a' Ghàraidh in Eriskay became the ferry terminal for travelling between South Uist and Barra. The Caledonian MacBrayne vehicular ferry travels between Eriskay and Ardmore in Barra. The crossing takes around 40 minutes.

Causeway
A causeway is a track, road or railway on the upper point of an embankment across "a low, or wet place, or piece of water". It can be constructed of earth, masonry, wood, or concrete. One of the earliest known wooden causeways is the Sweet Track in the Somerset Levels, England, which dates from the Neolithic age. Timber causeways may also be described as both boardwalks and bridges.
Sati Savitri (C. Pullayya film)
Sati Savitri is a 1933 Indian Telugu language mythological film directed by C. Pullayya. Based on a popular stage play by Mylavaram Bala Bharathi Samajam, the film was a cinematic adaptation of the Mahabharata's Aranya Parva, focusing on the legendary story of Savitri and Satyavan. It starred stage actors Vemuri Gaggayya as Yama and Dasari Ramathilakam as Savitri.

Produced in Calcutta on a lavish budget of ₹75,000, Sati Savitri was the first film by East India Film Company. The film's release coincided with another adaptation of the same name directed by H. M. Reddy in Bombay, though Pullayya's version emerged as the commercial success. Gaggayya’s portrayal of Yama received widespread acclaim and established him as a major star. The film became a hit, earning recognition both locally and internationally, including an honorary diploma at the 2nd Venice International Film Festival.

2nd Venice International Film Festival
The 2nd annual Venice International Film Festival was held between 1 and 20 August 1934. This was the first year the festival had a competition with the Coppa Mussolini being awarded for Best Foreign Film and Best Italian Film.