hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
P. K. Subban
Pernell-Karl Sylvester Subban MSC (/ˈsubæn/ SOO-ban; born May 13, 1989) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. Between 2009 and 2022, he played 13 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Montreal Canadiens, Nashville Predators, and New Jersey Devils. The Canadiens selected Subban in the second round, 43rd overall, of the 2007 NHL entry draft. In 2013, he won the Norris Trophy as the NHL's top defenceman, and tied with Kris Letang as the season's leading scorer among defencemen. In the summer of 2014, he signed an eight-year, $72 million contract with the Canadiens, running through the 2021–22 season. After the 2015–16 season, Subban was traded to the Nashville Predators, where he spent three seasons before being traded to New Jersey in 2019. He is now a broadcast analyst for the NHL on ESPN.

Kris Letang
Kristopher Joseph Pierre Irwin Letang (born April 24, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman and alternate captain for the Pittsburgh Penguins of the National Hockey League (NHL). He played juniors in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL) with Val-d'Or Foreurs for three seasons, during which time he was selected 62nd overall by the Penguins in the 2005 NHL entry draft. In his second full NHL season, Letang won the 2009 Stanley Cup with Pittsburgh. He became a two-time Stanley Cup champion when the Penguins defeated the San Jose Sharks in 2016, and a three-time Stanley Cup champion when the Penguins defeated the Nashville Predators in 2017. Internationally, he has competed for Canada at the under-18 and under-20 levels, winning back-to-back gold medals at the World Junior Championships in 2006 and 2007.
Jamil Al-Sufri
Mohammad Jamil Al-Sufri bin Umar (10 December 1921 – 4 March 2021), pen name Wijaya, was a Bruneian aristocrat, historian and teacher who served as a member of the Royal Council, member of the Royal Succession Council, member of the Islamic Religious Council, and member of the Privy Council. He has also been referred to as the National Historian. He wrote works on the country's history, ancestry, customs and traditions, royal titles, Malay Islamic Monarchy (MIB), education, writings on Brunei heroes, and other topics.

Pehin Jamil has seen Brunei grow both under British patronage and under the Japanese occupation. Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin, Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III, and Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah were the three Bruneian sultans that he lived under. He was a highly experienced national historian due to his testimony on significant events that occurred in Brunei, such as the Japanese occupation of Brunei, the British Residency, the 1962 Brunei revolt, independence in 1984, and others.

Hassanal Bolkiah
Hassanal Bolkiah Muiz'zaddin Wad'daulah (born 15 July 1946) is Sultan of Brunei, reigning since 1967, and has also served as Prime Minister of Brunei since its independence from British rule in 1984. He is among the world's few remaining absolute monarchs.

The eldest son of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III and Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Damit, he is the 29th sultan to ascend to the Bruneian throne, following the abdication of his father in 1967. The Sultan has been ranked among the wealthiest individuals in the world. As of 2023, Hassanal Bolkiah is said to have a net worth of $50 billion. He is the world's longest-reigning current monarch and the longest-serving current head of state. On 5 October 2017, Bolkiah celebrated his Golden Jubilee to mark the 50th year of his reign.
Mettweiler
Mettweiler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Baumholder, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Baumholder
Baumholder (German pronunciation: [baʊmˈhɔldɐ] ⓘ) is a town in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, in the Westrich, an historic region that encompasses areas in both Germany and France. The town of Baumholder is the administrative seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde, a state-recognised tourism resort and, according to state planning, a middle centre.
Frauenbad Stadthausquai
Frauenbad Stadthausquai is a public bath in Zürich, Switzerland, forming part of the historical Seeuferanlage promenades that were built between 1881 and 1887. Situated at the Stadthausquai by the Bürkliplatz plaza, the bath was built for, and is still exclusively used by women (Frauenbad means "bath for women").

Bürkliplatz, Zurich
Bürkliplatz is a town square in Zurich, Switzerland. It is named after Arnold Bürkli, and is one of nodal points of the road and public transportation, and of the lake shore promenades that were built between 1881 and 1887. The tree-shaded square between Bahnhofstrasse and Fraumünsterstrasse is called Stadthausanlage.
Almost ring
In mathematics, almost modules and almost rings are certain objects interpolating between  rings and their fields of fractions. They were introduced by Gerd Faltings (1988) in his study of p-adic Hodge theory.

Field of fractions
In abstract algebra, the field of fractions of an integral domain is the smallest field in which it can be embedded. The construction of the field of fractions is modeled on the relationship between the integral domain of integers and the field of rational numbers. Intuitively, it consists of ratios between integral domain elements.

The field of fractions of an integral domain  is sometimes denoted by  or , and the construction is sometimes also called the fraction field, field of quotients, or quotient field of .  All four are in common usage, but are not to be confused with the quotient of a ring by an ideal, which is a quite different concept. For a commutative ring that is not an integral domain, the analogous construction is called the localization or ring of quotients.
Mutual Appreciation
Mutual Appreciation is a 2005 independent film by Andrew Bujalski who previously directed Funny Ha Ha (2002). The script is primarily dialogue between a group of young people as they try to determine where they fit in the world. It is considered part of the mumblecore movement.

Funny Ha Ha
Funny Ha Ha is a 2002 American film written and directed by Andrew Bujalski. It has been described as  the first mumblecore film. It was shot on 16 mm film on a very low budget. It deals with the lives of people in their twenties as they try to come to terms with life after college and confront the responsibilities of adulthood, if only to put them off for as long as possible.
Alfonso of Aragon (1481–1500)
Alfonso of Aragon (1481 – 18 August 1500), Duke of Bisceglie and Prince of Salerno of the House of Trastámara, was the illegitimate son of Alfonso II King of Naples and his mistress Trogia Gazzella. His father, cousin of King Ferdinand II of Aragon, abdicated in favour of his legitimate son Ferdinand II of Naples.

Ferdinand II of Naples
Ferdinand II (Italian: Ferdinando II, known also as Ferrante II and Ferrandino; 26 June 1467 – 7 September 1496) was King of Naples from 1495 to 1496. He was the son of Alfonso II of Naples and the grandson of Ferrante I of Naples.

At the start of the Italian Wars in 1495, Alfonso abdicated in favor of his son, Ferdinand, when a French army led by Charles VIII threatened Naples. Unable to effectively defend the city, Ferdinand fled with a small retinue to the island of Ischia. Charles quickly occupied the city, then split his army, leaving half of it to garrison Naples, and taking the other half to return home.

By May 1495, with fresh troops and the support of Aragon allies, Ferdinand returned to the peninsula and with the assistance of the Spanish general Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, expelled French soldiers from the entire kingdom. He died soon thereafter on 7 September 1496 and was succeeded by his uncle, Frederick.
1989 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1989 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 99th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship ran from 17 September to 22 October 1989.

Loughmore-Castleiney entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Clonoulty-Rossmore in the quarter-finals.

The final was played on 22 October 1989 at Semple Stadium in Thurles, between Clonoulty-Rossmore and Holycross-Ballycahill, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Clonoulty-Rossmore won the match by 1–11 to 1–09 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in 101 years.

Lorrha's Kevin Hough was the championship's top scorer with 1–15.

1888 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The 1888 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the second staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887.

Thurles were the defending champions.

Clonoulty won the championship after a 1–01 to 0–02 defeat of Boherlahan in the final. It was their first ever championship title.
Lumière and Company
Lumière and Company (original title: Lumière et compagnie) is a 1995 anthology film made in collaboration between forty-one international film directors. The project consists of short films made by each of the filmmakers using the original Cinématographe camera invented by the Auguste and Louis Lumière.

The shorts were edited in-camera and constrained by three rules:

A short may be no longer than 52 seconds

No synchronized sound

No more than three takes

Auguste and Louis Lumière
The Lumière brothers (UK: /ˈluːmiɛər/, US: /ˌluːmiˈɛər/; French: [lymjɛːʁ]), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were French manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905, which places them among the earliest filmmakers.

Their screening of a single film on 22 March 1895, for around 200 members of the Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale (Society for the Development of the National Industry) in Paris was probably the first presentation of projected film. Their first commercial public screening on 28 December 1895, for around 40 paying visitors and invited relations has traditionally been regarded as the birth of cinema.
Tianzhou 4
Tianzhou 4 (Chinese: 天舟四号) was the fourth mission of the Tianzhou-class uncrewed cargo spacecraft, and the third resupply mission to Tiangong Space Station carrying 5 tons of cargos and 1 ton of propellant. It is the largest load capacity cargo spacecraft that is on active duty.   It launched on 9 May 2022, docking successfully with the Tiangong space station at the aft port 6 hours after launch. Like previous Tianzhou missions, the spacecraft launched from the Wenchang Satellite Launch Center in Hainan, China on a Long March 7 rocket.

It is a part of the construction of the Tiangong space station, and is the third cargo resupply mission to the already launched Tianhe core module (CCM).

Tianzhou (spacecraft)
The Tianzhou (Chinese: 天舟; pinyin: Tiān Zhōu; lit. 'Heavenly Ship') is a Chinese automated cargo spacecraft developed from China's first prototype space station Tiangong-1 to resupply its  modular space station. It was first launched (Tianzhou 1) on the Long March 7 rocket from Wenchang on April 20, 2017 and demonstrated autonomous propellant transfer (space refueling).

The first version of Tianzhou has a mass of 13,500 kg and can carry 6,900 kg of cargo. Tianzhou-6 is the first improved version of the spacecraft to be launched into orbit; it has a mass of about 14,000 kg and can transport 7,400 kg of cargo.
Agios Ioannis metro station
Agios Ioannis (Greek: Άγιος Ιωάννης, lit. 'St. John's'), also known as Aghios Ioannis on signage, is a station on Athens Metro Line 2. The station opened on 15 November 2000, as part of the extension from Syntagma to Dafni.

Syntagma metro station
Syntagma (Greek: Σύνταγμα, lit. 'Constitution') is a station on the Athens Metro, located at Syntagma Square in the center of Athens, Greece. It serves as the transfer point between Line 3, Line 2 and the Athens Tram. When the Metro first opened, on 28 January 2000, the station was the terminal station for both the new lines. The centerpiece of the city's metro network, it is a transportation hub for buses and the northern terminal for the Tram. It is the busiest station in the Athens transport system, located underneath Syntagma Square, the political centre of Athens. It serves Ermou Street (the main shopping street in the historic centre), the Old Royal Palace, various government agencies, foreign embassies and the National Garden.

Several of the architecture works were erected by Thodoros Papadimitriou, a famous sculptor. The station also includes a large archeological exhibition.
Vestibular nerve
The vestibular nerve is one of the two branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve (the cochlear nerve being the other). In humans the vestibular nerve transmits sensory information from vestibular hair cells located in the two otolith organs (the utricle and the saccule) and the three semicircular canals via the vestibular ganglion of Scarpa. Information from the otolith organs reflects gravity and linear accelerations of the head. Information from the semicircular canals reflects rotational movement of the head. Both are necessary for the sensation of body position and gaze stability in relation to a moving environment.

Axons of the vestibular nerve synapse in the vestibular nucleus are found on the lateral floor and wall of the fourth ventricle in the pons and medulla.

It arises from bipolar cells in the vestibular ganglion which is situated in the upper part of the outer end of the internal auditory meatus.

Semicircular canals
The semicircular canals are three semicircular interconnected tubes located in the innermost part of each ear, the inner ear. The three canals are the lateral, anterior and posterior semicircular canals. They are the part of the bony labyrinth, a periosteum-lined cavity on the petrous part of the temporal bone filled with perilymph.

Each semicircular canal contains its respective semicircular duct, i.e. the lateral, anterior and posterior semicircular ducts, which provide the sensation of angular acceleration and are part of the membranous labyrinth—therefore filled with endolymph.
Peter Sís
Peter Sís (born Petr Sís; May 11, 1949) is a Czech-born American illustrator and writer of children's books. As a cartoonist his editorial illustrations have appeared in Time, Newsweek, Esquire, and The Atlantic Monthly. In 2012 he received the Hans Christian Andersen Medal for his "lasting contribution" as an illustrator of children's literature.

Hans Christian Andersen Award
The Hans Christian Andersen Awards are two literary awards given by the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY), recognising one living author and one living illustrator for their "lasting contribution to children's literature". The writing award was first given in 1956, the illustration award in 1966. The former is sometimes called the "Nobel Prize for children's literature".

The awards are named after Hans Christian Andersen, a 19th-century Danish author of fairy tales, and each winner receives the Hans Christian Andersen Medaille (a gold medal with the bust of Andersen) and a diploma. Medals are presented at the biennial IBBY Congress.
MAX Orange (Calgary)
MAX Orange, also known as Route 303 or the North Crosstown BRT, is a bus rapid transit line in Calgary, Alberta. Part of Calgary Transit's MAX network, it largely travels east-west along 16 Avenue N and north-south along 52 Street NE. It connects CTrain stations on the Red and Blue lines to the northwest and northeast quadrants of Calgary.

MAX (Calgary)
MAX is a bus rapid transit network operated by Calgary Transit in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. MAX forms a part of Calgary Transit's rapid transit network, along with the CTrain light rail system.

The MAX system opened in November 2018 with three routes: MAX Orange, MAX Teal, and MAX Purple. The MAX Yellow line opened in December 2019. MAX routes are distinguished from Calgary's existing express bus network, branded as "BRT", by the use of dedicated transitway on three lines, heated shelters, real-time information, and elevated sidewalks.
New Baltimore, Virginia
New Baltimore is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in eastern Fauquier County, Virginia, United States. The population as of the 2010 census was 8,119. The community has existed since the early 19th century, but it has had its most significant growth since the 1980s. It is the portion of Fauquier County with the easiest access to Washington, D.C., and as a result, many people who live in New Baltimore commute into DC. Other major communities close to New Baltimore are Warrenton, the Gainesville/Haymarket area, and Manassas. The area officially considered to be New Baltimore expanded significantly in 2006 with Fauquier County's designation of service districts, of which New Baltimore is one. The service district designation provides added access to utilities, such as water and sewer, and targets the area for growth.

Gainesville, Virginia
Gainesville is a census-designated place (CDP) in western Prince William County, Virginia, United States. The population was 17,287 in the 2020 census.

Gainesville is home to Jiffy Lube Live, an outdoor amphitheater originally known as the Nissan Pavilion.
Luzzu
A luzzu (Maltese pronunciation: [ˈlʊt͡sːʊ]; pl. luzzijiet) is a traditional fishing boat from the Maltese islands. This type of boat developed in the early 20th century, although it is very similar to much older traditional Maltese boats such as the ferilla. They are usually painted in bright colours, while the bow has a pair of eyes.

Ferilla
The ferilla or firilla is a traditional fishing boat from Malta. It bears similarities to the dgħajsa tal-pass, but it is of stronger construction. The ferilla developed in the 17th century and it was common until about 1900. Some examples of this boat type still exist but they are rare.
Gilman's Bazaar
Gilman's Bazaar (Chinese: 機利文新街) is a street in Central, in the north of Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, connecting Des Voeux Road Central in the northeast to Queen's Road Central in the southwest.  An eastbound tram stop is located at its junction with Des Voeux Road Central.

The street is a well-known food street with more than 20 restaurants, including fast food, takeaway, Japanese cuisine, cha chaan teng, snake soup and bakeries.

It was named after Gilman, Bowman and Co., one of the four major British firms in Hong Kong in 1841 which occupied the area.

Des Voeux Road
Des Voeux Road Central (Chinese: 德輔道中) and Des Voeux Road West (Chinese: 德輔道西) are two roads on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. They were named after the 10th Governor of Hong Kong, Sir William Des Vœux. The name was sometimes spelt with the ligature œ in pre-war documents but is nowadays spelt officially without the ligature, as Des Voeux Road (Chinese: 德輔道; Jyutping: dak1 fu6 dou6).
Elefant, Tiger & Co.
Elefant, Tiger & Co. (English: Elephant, Tiger & Co.) is a German television series from the Central German Broadcasting (Mitteldeutschen Rundfunk) which has been aired since 1 April 2003. It is considered to be the most successful German zoo docusoap. Its setting is Leipzig Zoological Garden.

Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk
Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk (pronounced [ˈmɪtl̩ˌdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk]; "Central German Broadcasting"), shortened to MDR (pronounced [ˌɛmdeːˈʔɛʁ] ⓘ; stylized as mdr), is the public broadcaster for the federal states of Thuringia, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt in Germany.  Established in January 1991, its headquarters are in Leipzig, with regional studios in Dresden, Erfurt and Magdeburg. MDR is a member of the ARD consortium of public broadcasters in Germany.

MDR broadcasts its own television channel to the three states it serves and also contributes programming to the first German TV channel (Das Erste), and broadcasts a number of radio channels.
Utility Radio
The Utility Radio or Wartime Civilian Receiver was a valve domestic radio receiver, manufactured in Great Britain during World War II starting in July  1944. It was designed by G.D. Reynolds of Murphy Radio. Both AC and battery-operated versions were made.

Superheterodyne receiver
A superheterodyne receiver, often shortened to superhet, is a type of radio receiver that uses frequency mixing to convert a received signal to a fixed intermediate frequency (IF) which can be processed more efficiently and selectively than the original carrier frequency. Edwin Howard Armstrong developed the concept, though Lucien Lévy, Walter Schottky, Henry Round, and John Renshaw Carson explored related ideas. The superheterodyne design is used in most radio receivers today and can be used for many modulation schemes, including amplitude modulation (AM).

According to Nahin, any receiver that shifts the antenna signal frequencies to new locations in the spectrum is a heterodyne receiver. The prefix super is reserved for those receivers that include both a RF input filter for image rejection, and a fixed-frequency, narrow-band intermediate-frequency amplifier for adjacent-channel suppression.
Tobacco usage in sport
Tobacco usage in sport is a well documented and publicised occurrence. Tobacco advertising has connected itself to sports both for the connotations of health that sports provide, as well as the marketing potential of famous athletes. Additionally, tobacco has played a role in the sport of baseball specifically and has affected both the rules affecting players and fan alike. Agencies such as the CDC have used sports as platforms for tobacco prevention programs, specifically targeted at younger people.

Nicotine marketing
Nicotine marketing is the marketing of nicotine-containing products or use. Traditionally, the tobacco industry markets cigarette smoking, but it is increasingly marketing other products, such as electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco products. Products are marketed through social media, stealth marketing, mass media, and sponsorship (particularly of sporting events). Expenditures on nicotine marketing are in the tens of billions a year; in the US alone, spending was over US$1 million per hour in 2016; in 2003, per-capita marketing spending was $290 per adult smoker, or $45 per inhabitant. Nicotine marketing is increasingly regulated; some forms of nicotine advertising are banned in many countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a complete tobacco advertising ban.
Viet people
The Kinh people (Vietnamese: người Kinh, lit. 'Metropolitan people'), also known as the Viet people (Vietnamese: người Việt), are a Southeast Asian ethnicity native to modern-day northern Vietnam, who expanded southwards in the last millennium. They speak Vietnamese, the most widely used Austroasiatic language, and are one of the four main Vietic-speaking groups in Vietnam, the others being the Mường, Thổ, and Chứt.

The Viet accounted for 85.32% of Vietnam's population in the 2019 census and are officially designated as the Kinh people to distinguish them from minority groups in the country, such as the Mường, Tày, Hmong, and Cham. Diasporic descendants of the Kinh in Guangxi, China, known as the Gin people, are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by China. The Viet also constitute the majority of the Vietnamese diaspora worldwide.

Muong people
The Mường (Mường Bi dialect: mõl Mường; Vietnamese: người Mường) are an ethnic group native to northern Vietnam. The Mường is the country's third largest of 53 minority groups, with an estimated population of 1.45 million (according to the 2019 census). The Mường people inhabit a mountainous region of northern Vietnam centered in Hòa Bình Province and some districts of Phú Thọ province and Thanh Hóa Province. They speak the Mường language which is related to the Vietnamese language and the Thổ language and share ancient ethnic roots with the Vietnamese (Kinh) people.