hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samson ben Abraham of Sens
Samson ben Abraham of Sens (שמשון בן אברהם משאנץ; c. 1150 – c. 1230),was one of the leading French Tosafists in the second half of the 12th and the beginning of the 13th centuries. He was the most outstanding student and the spiritual heir of Rabbi Isaac ben Samuel ha-Zaken (the Ri). He is referred also known as "the Rash" ( הר"ש; an acronym of his name) or "the Prince of Sens", and within Tosafot as "Rashba".

Tosafot
The Tosafot, Tosafos or Tosfot (Hebrew: תוספות) are medieval commentaries on the Talmud. They take the form of critical and explanatory glosses, printed, in almost all Talmud editions, on the outer margin and opposite Rashi's notes.

The authors of the Tosafot are known as Tosafists; for a listing (see List of Tosafists.)
The Moonstone (2016 TV series)
The Moonstone is a daytime drama series produced by King Bert Productions for BBC One. It is an adaptation of the Wilkie Collins 1868 novel of the same name described by T.S. Eliot as the first and greatest of English detective novels. It stars Josh Silver and John Thomson.

The Moonstone
The Moonstone: A Romance by Wilkie Collins is an 1868 British epistolary novel. It is an early example of the modern detective novel, and established many of the ground rules of the modern genre. Its publication was started on 4 January 1868 and was completed on 8 August 1868. The story was serialised in Charles Dickens's magazine All the Year Round. Collins adapted The Moonstone for the stage in 1877.
Route nationale 1 (French Guiana)
Route nationale 1 (RN1) is a highway in French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France in South America. The highway connects Cayenne with Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni on the Suriname border and measures 258 kilometres (160 mi). The highway is the busiest road of French Guiana.

Cayenne
Cayenne (/keɪˈɛn/; French pronunciation: [kajɛn] ⓘ; Guianese Creole French: Kayenn) is the prefecture and capital city of French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France located in South America.  The city stands on a former island at the mouth of the Cayenne River on the Atlantic coast.  The city's motto is "fert aurum industria", which means "work brings wealth". Cayenne is the largest Francophone city of the South American continent.

In the 2023 census, there were 153,884 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Cayenne (as defined by INSEE), 62,675 of whom lived in the city (commune) of Cayenne proper.
Ivan Loor
Ivan Ivanovich Loor (Russian: Иван Иванович Лоор; born 11 December 1955) is a Russian politician. He is the United Russia member of the State Duma for the Slavgorod constituency.

Ivan Loor was born on 11 December 1955 in Altai Krai to a Russian German family. He worked as agronomist at Plotnikovsky state farm and became its chairman in 1985.

In 1996 Loor elected to the Altai Krai Legislative Assembly. From 1997 he was an advisor to governor Alexander Surikov. From 2008 to 2016 Loor served as chairman of the Altai Krai Legislative Assembly. Since 2016 he represents Slavgorod constituency of Altai Krai in the State Duma of the Russian Federation.

Altai Krai Legislative Assembly
The Altai Krai Legislative Assembly (Russian: Алтайское краевое Законодательное Собрание) is the regional parliament of Altai Krai, a federal subject of Russia.

The assembly consists of 68 deputies elected for a term of five years. 34 deputies are elected by single-member constituencies and another 34 deputies are elected in party lists.
The Lovers of Ravello
The Lovers of Ravello (Italian: Gli amanti di Ravello) is a 1951 Italian melodrama film directed by Francesco De Robertis and starring Lida Baarova, Gabriele Ferzetti and Carlo Ninchi.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Alfredo Montori.

Francesco De Robertis
Francesco De Robertis (16 October 1902 – 3 February 1959) was an Italian screenwriter, film editor, and director. His early-1940s semi-documentary filmmaking style is credited with influencing the development of Italian neorealism.
Nellie, the Beautiful Cloak Model (film)
Nellie, the Beautiful Cloak Model is a 1924 American silent drama film directed by Emmett J. Flynn and starring Claire Windsor. Produced and distributed by Goldwyn Pictures, the film is based on a play by Owen Davis, which premiered on Broadway in 1906.

Nellie, the Beautiful Cloak Model
Nellie, the Beautiful Cloak Model is a play written by Owen Davis. A Broadway production of it by A. H. Woods opened in 1906 and was a huge hit. The story is a melodrama, and it was often cited as an archetype of the genre. Reata Winfield originated the title role in the Broadway production.
Louis Garlick
Louis Frederick Cornu Garlick (16 September 1910 – 13 December 2002) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Mornington to storekeeper Robert Costain Garlick and Caroline Laura Cornu. He attended Dandenong High School and the University of Melbourne, where he received a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Education. He commenced work as a schoolteacher in 1927, teaching widely across rural Victoria. On 22 December 1936, he married Florence Rosa Maclean, with whom he had three children. In 1945, he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the Labor member for Mildura. Defeated in 1947, he returned to teaching, and from 1954 to 1968 was chairman of the Victorian Teachers' Tribunal. Garlick died in Melbourne in 2002.

Dandenong High School
Dandenong High School is one of the largest co-educational government secondary schools in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, catering for students from Years 7 to 12.  It is the oldest school, public or private, in Melbourne's outer east, and now has 1400 students alone on its Dandenong site on the north side of the Princes Highway. The historic façade of the Administration Building will remain, as it is heritage-listed and is a landmark of Dandenong.

At the start of 2007, Dandenong High School, Cleeland Secondary College and Doveton Secondary College officially merged to become the new Dandenong High School, as part of the Federal Government's Building the Education Revolution. As of 2017, the school has 165 teaching and 54 non-teaching staff, as well as 1785 students.
Fruits of Desire
Fruits of Desire is a lost 1916 American silent drama film directed by Oscar Eagle, based on Henry Russell Miller's novel The Ambition of Mark Truitt. The film stars Robert Warwick, Madlaine Traverse, and Alec B. Francis. It was produced by William A. Brady Picture Plays, Inc. and distributed by World Film Company.

Oscar Eagle
Oscar Eagle (January 21, 1861-March 14, 1930) was a director of theatrical productions and films in the United States. He was also an actor.

Eagle was born in Gallipolis, Ohio.

He worked for Famous Players and Selig Polyscope film companies.

The New York Public Library has a photo of a young Eagle in costume.
Decimation (comics)
"Decimation" is a 2005 Marvel Comics crossover storyline that follows the aftermath of the House of M series. It begins with the one-shot issue titled Decimation: House of M – The Day After, written by Chris Claremont, and illustrated by Randall Green and Aaron Lopresti, released on November 9, 2005. The storyline then unfolded across multiple tie-in issues and series, all featuring the "Decimation" logo on the cover.

The name "Decimation" refers to Wanda Maximoff/Scarlet Witch’s act at the end of the House of M limited series, in which she utters the phrase "No more mutants". This rewrites the Marvel Universe by depowering the vast majority of mutants. This event is also referred to by several names in Marvel titles, most notably "M-Day". The titles and issues focus on a select range of characters across the Marvel Universe, including the X-Men, New X-Men, Excalibur, X-Factor Investigations, New Avengers, and more,  as they adjust to the loss of their powers.

Krakoa
Krakoa is a fictional living island appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically in storylines featuring the X-Men. It first appeared in Giant-Size X-Men #1 (May 1975) and was created by writer Len Wein and artist Dave Cockrum. While often depicted as an antagonist, Krakoa later featured as having grown into a sentient habitat for the mutant nation that shared its name during the "Krakoan Age" storylines that ran from 2019 to 2024.
Khellin
Khellin has been used as an herbal folk medicine, with use in the Mediterranean dating back to Ancient Egypt, to treat a variety of maladies including: renal colic, kidney stones, coronary disease, bronchial asthma, vitiligo, and psoriasis. It is a major constituent of the plant Visnaga daucoides, also known as Ammi visnaga and as bishop's weed. Once purified, khellin exists as colorless, odorless, bitter-tasting needle-shaped crystals and is classified as a gamma-pyrone, a furanochromone derivative. In the early 20th century, researchers searched for khellin analogs with lower toxicity and better efficacy. A number of drugs were discovered through this research, such as amiodarone and cromolyn sodium, which are used in current medical practice. Efloxate is also mentioned as analog.

Visnaga daucoides
Visnaga daucoides is a species of flowering plant in the carrot family known by many common names, including toothpick-plant, toothpickweed, bisnaga, khella, or sometimes bishop's weed. It is native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, but it can be found throughout the world as an introduced species.
Karen Chen
Karen Chen (born August 16, 1999) is an American figure skater. She is a 2022 Olympic Games team event gold medalist, two-time CS U.S. Classic bronze medalist (2016, 2017), the 2015 CS Golden Spin of Zagreb bronze medalist, the 2017 U.S. national champion, 2022 U.S. national silver medalist, and a three-time U.S. national bronze medalist (2015, 2018, 2021). She graduated from Cornell University in 2025.

Chen also competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics, placing 11th. She has competed at seven ISU Championships, achieving her best result, fourth, at two World Championships (2017, 2021).

Earlier in her career, she won four medals on the ISU Junior Grand Prix series, including gold at the 2013 JGP Slovakia.

Slow Dancing in the Big City
Slow Dancing in the Big City is a 1978 American romantic drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and starring Paul Sorvino and Anne Ditchburn. This was the first film made by Avildsen after 1976's Rocky won Academy Awards for Best Picture and Best Director at the 49th Academy Awards.
Guilty (Hugh Cornwell album)
Guilty is the third solo studio album by Hugh Cornwell, released in 1997 on the Madfish label.

The album was released in the US on 23 February 1999 on Velvel Records as Black Hair, Black Eyes, Black Suit with different artwork and two additional tracks: "Jesus Will Weep" and "Not Hungry Enough," and without "Five Miles High".

Hugh Cornwell
Hugh Alan Cornwell (born 28 August 1949) is an English musician, singer-songwriter and writer, best known for being the lead vocalist and lead guitarist for the punk rock and new wave band the Stranglers from 1974 to 1990. Since leaving the Stranglers, Cornwell has recorded a further ten solo studio albums and continues to record and perform live.
Songs from Ireland
Songs from Ireland is the eighth album by Australian Idol 2006 winner Damien Leith. It was released by Sony Music Australia on CD and digital download in Australia on 13 March 2015. The album debuted at No. 11 in Australia.

Damien Leith
Damien Leo Leith (born 18 January 1976, in Dublin) is an Irish-Australian singer–songwriter. He was the winner of the Network Ten music contest Australian Idol in 2006. Since winning the title, Leith has released nine studio albums, four of which peaked in the top two of the ARIA Charts, including two number ones. He has been awarded seven platinum and one gold certification for albums and singles by ARIA, which equates to sales of just over half a million.
2024 Coca-Cola 600
The 2024 Coca-Cola 600 was a NASCAR Cup Series race held on May 26, 2024, at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina and the 65th running of the event. Originally scheduled for 400 laps on the 1.5-mile (2.4 km) asphalt speedway, the race was shortened to 249 laps due to rain. It was the 14th race of the 2024 NASCAR Cup Series season, as well as the second of the four crown jewel races. Christopher Bell won the race, his first Coca-Cola 600 win, and his second of the season. Brad Keselowski finished second, and William Byron finished third. Tyler Reddick and Denny Hamlin rounded out the top five, and Ty Gibbs, Chase Elliott, Ross Chastain, Alex Bowman, and Josh Berry rounded out the top ten.

Christopher Bell (racing driver)
Christopher David Bell (born December 16, 1994) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 20 Toyota Camry XSE for Joe Gibbs Racing and part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 19 Toyota GR Supra for JGR. He is the 2017 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Champion.
Lullaby (JayDon and Paradise song)
"Lullaby" is a song by American R&B singers JayDon and Paradise. It was released on February 14, 2025 as the lead single from the former's debut mixtape Me My Songs & I (2025). The song was written by Felisha King Harvey of Cherish and Bernard Harvey and produced by Harv, with vocal production from Scott Carter and King Harvey.

JD McCrary
JayDon Howard McCrary (born July 18, 2007), known mononymously as JayDon (formerly as JD McCrary) is an American singer-songwriter, actor and dancer. He starred in The Lion King (2019) as the voice of young Simba, played Kenny Payne in The Paynes, and also appeared in the 2019 film Little. In 2025, he signed with Usher and L.A. Reid's record label Mega, as a joint venture with Gamma.
Vishwanath Kashinath Rajwade
Vishwanath Kashinath Rajwade (24 July 1863 – 31 December 1926) was an Indian historian, known for his work on the history of the Maratha Empire. He pioneered research into the Empire by visiting hundreds of villages across India and gathering thousands of historical documents, especially family records. He also founded the Bharat Itihas Sanshodhak Mandal, a research institute, at Pune in 1910.

His students include historians like Datto Vaman Potdar, Vasudeo Sitaram Bendrey and G. H. Khare.

The historian, Ram Sharan Sharma says: "With his unadulterated passion for research, V.K. Rajwade went from village to village in Maharashtra in search of Sanskrit manuscripts and sources of Maratha history; which were published in twenty-two volumes."

The Indian History Congress created the Vishwanath Kashinath Rajwade Award for lifelong service and contribution to Indian history.

Indian History Congress
Indian History Congress is the largest professional and academic body of Indian historians with over 35,000 members. It was established in 1935. The name of any new applicant for membership needs to be proposed and seconded by existing Ordinary or Life Members.
Frithstool
Among ancient English writers, a frithstool, frith stool or fridstool signified a seat, chair, or place of peace, in reference to the Anglo-Saxon concept of frith.

The most famous surviving examples are in Beverley Minster, St Mary's Church Sprotbrough, and Hexham Abbey. That in Beverley has the inscription Haec sedes lapidea Freedstoll dicitur, i.e. Pacis Cathedra, ad quam reus fugiendo perveniens, omnimodam habet securitatem. The English translation states that This stone seat is called the Freedstoll, i.e. the Chair of Peace, to which a criminal, arriving by flight, has complete security

Also, fridstoll or frithstow, Old English frithstól, frythstól, freedstool, fridstool, meaning (a). Old English only, A place of safety; a refuge; (b). A seat, usually of stone, formerly placed near the altar in some churches, which afforded inviolable protection to those who sought privilege of sanctuary.

The term also signified a palace, which was usually a privileged place.

Hexham Abbey
Hexham Abbey is a Grade I listed church dedicated to St Andrew, in the town of Hexham, Northumberland, in the North East of England. Originally built in AD 674, the Abbey was built up during the 12th century into its current form, with additions around the turn of the 20th century. Since the dissolution of the monasteries in 1537, the Abbey has been the parish church of Hexham. In 2014 the Abbey regained ownership of its former monastic buildings, which had been used as Hexham magistrates' court, and subsequently developed them into a permanent exhibition and visitor centre, telling the story of the Abbey's history.
Morya (Theosophy)
Morya, also spelt Maurya or Manuel, is one of the "Masters of the Ancient Wisdom" within modern Theosophical beliefs.  He is believed by followers of Theosophism to be one of the Mahatmas who inspired the founding of the Theosophical Society and was engaged in a correspondence with two English Theosophists living in India, A. P. Sinnett and A. O. Hume.  The correspondence was published in 1923 by A. Trevor Barker in the book The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett.

Mahatma
Mahatma (English pronunciation: /məˈhɑːtmə, məˈhætmə/, Sanskrit: महात्मा, romanized: mahātmā, IPA: [mɐ.ɦɑːt.mɑː], from Sanskrit  महा (mahā) 'great' and  आत्मा (ātmā) 'soul') is an honorific used in India. The term is commonly used for Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, who is often referred to simply as "Mahatma Gandhi" (lit. 'Venerable Gandhi'). Albeit less frequently, this epithet has also been used with regard to such people as Basava (1131–1167), Swami Shraddhanand (1856–1926), Lalon Shah (1772–1890), Ayyankali (1863–1941), and Jyotirao Phule (1827–1890).

The term mahātmā has also been historically used for a class of religious scholars in Jainism; for the selected religious leaders in Theosophy; and for local religious teachers in the Divine Light Mission church.
Civil partnership in South Africa
Civil partnerships were introduced in South Africa by the Civil Union Act, 2006, which also legalised same-sex marriage. Civil partnerships can be formed by opposite-sex couples and by same-sex couples, and have the same rights, responsibilities and legal consequences as marriages.

Civil Union Act, 2006
The Civil Union Act, 2006 (Act No. 17 of 2006) is an act of the Parliament of South Africa which legalised same-sex marriage. It allows two people, regardless of gender, to form either a marriage or a civil partnership. The act was enacted as a consequence of the judgment of the Constitutional Court in the case of Minister of Home Affairs v Fourie, which ruled that it was unconstitutional for the state to provide the benefits of marriage to opposite-sex couples while denying them to same-sex couples.
Yuen Tsuen Ancient Trail
Yuen Tsuen Ancient Trail (Chinese: 元荃古道), also known as Yuen Tsuen Traditional Footpath, is a trail linking Yuen Long and Tsuen Wan in the New Territories of Hong Kong. The trail was the major trail for travelling between two major towns for villages trading their necessaries before the completion of Castle Peak Road.

Tsuen Wan
Tsuen Wan (formerly also spelled Tsun Wan) is a town built on a bay in the western New Territories of Hong Kong, opposite Tsing Yi Island across Rambler Channel. The market town of Tsuen Wan emerged from the surrounding villages and fleets of fishing boats in the area. The modern city is centered the Tsuen Wan station of the MTR. Its coastline was further extended through land reclamation.
South-East Asian theatre of World War II
The South-East Asian Theatre of World War II consisted of the campaigns of the Pacific War in the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Indochina, Burma, India, Malaya, and Singapore between 1941 and 1945.

Japan attacked British and American territories with near-simultaneous offensives against Southeast Asia and the Central Pacific on 7/8 December 1941. Action in this theatre ended when Japan announced an intent to surrender on 15 August 1945. The formal surrender of Japan ceremony took place on 2 September 1945.

Northern Combat Area Command
The Northern Combat Area Command (NCAC) was a subcommand of the Allied South East Asia Command (SEAC) during World War II. It controlled Allied ground operations in northern Burma. For most of its existence, NCAC was commanded by United States Army General Joseph "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell (who concurrently held more senior command positions). In 1945 after Stilwell was recalled, his deputy, Lieutenant General Daniel Sultan, was promoted to and assumed command.

Chinese Nationalist National Revolutionary Army personnel constituted most of the combat units within NCAC.

While it was initially intended that NCAC would operate as an integral part of the British 11th Army Group, Stilwell refused to work under General George Giffard and was made subordinate to the Supreme Commander of SEAC, Lord Louis Mountbatten.
Tuvok
Tuvok /ˈtuːvɒk/ is a fictional character in the Star Trek media franchise and a main character in the television series Star Trek: Voyager. Tuvok is a Vulcan who serves as the ship's second officer, Chief of Security, and Chief Tactical Officer. He was portrayed by Tim Russ throughout the show's run from 1995 to 2001, as well as in subsequent portrayals.

Tuvok's backstory is told during the first episode of Voyager, where he worked as an undercover Federation agent aboard a Maquis ship, the Val Jean, led by Chakotay. The starship Voyager, under the command of Captain Kathryn Janeway, is sent to extract Tuvok, but the mission is interrupted as both ships are catapulted across the galaxy by a mysterious force. Janeway leads both crews on a return trip home for seven years in uncharted space, creating the basic setting of the series.

Caretaker (Star Trek: Voyager)
"Caretaker" is the series premiere of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: Voyager. It was first broadcast as a double-length episode on January 16, 1995, as the first telecast of the fledgling network UPN. It was later split into two parts for syndication, but released in its original one-episode format on DVD and streaming services. Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet and Maquis crew of the starship USS Voyager after they are stranded in the Delta Quadrant far from the rest of the Federation.

The premiere was watched by 21.3 million people in 1995. The episode won two Emmy awards, and launched the show into a seven-season run that concluded in 2001.
Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao
Alfonso Daniel Rodríguez Castelao (30 January 1886 – 7 January 1950), commonly known as Castelao, was a Galician politician, writer, painter and doctor. He is one of the fathers of Galician nationalism, promoting Galician identity and culture, and was one of the main names behind the cultural movement Xeración Nós. He was also one of the founders and president of the Galicianist Party and had a great influence on the renovating group of Galician art known as Os renovadores. Castelao is considered to be the most important figure in Galician culture of the 20th century.

Xeración Nós
Xeración Nós was a Galician nationalist intellectual group of the 1920s, which followed from the cultural Rexurdimento movement of the 19th century. The name alludes to the Irish Sinn Féin ("We Ourselves"). The group's tradition was revived by the Xeración Galaxia in the 1950s.