hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polish cavalry
The Polish cavalry (Polish: jazda, kawaleria, konnica) can trace its origins back to the days of medieval cavalry knights. Poland is mostly a country of flatlands and fields and mounted forces operate well in this environment. The knights and heavy cavalry gradually evolved into many different types of specialised mounted military formations, some of which heavily influenced western warfare and military science. This article details the evolution of Polish cavalry tactics, traditions and arms from the times of mounted knights and heavy winged hussars, through the times of light uhlans to mounted infantry equipped with ranged and mêlée weapons.

11th Legions Uhlan Regiment
11th Legions Infantry Regiment of Marshal Edward Śmigły-Rydz (Polish: 11 Pułk Ułanów Legionowych im. Marszałka Edwarda Śmigłego-Rydza, 11 puł) was a cavalry unit of the Polish Army, which existed in 1918–1939. It fought in the Polish–Soviet War and the Invasion of Poland. In the Second Polish Republic, the regiment was garrisoned in Ciechanów, and in 1939, belonged to Mazowiecka Cavalry Brigade.
Toxaway Lake (Idaho)
Toxaway Lake is an alpine lake in the western United States, in Custer County, Idaho. Located high in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area, it is approximately 17 miles (27 km) south of Stanley. The lake's surface elevation is 8,323 ft (2,537 m) above sea level.

A trail from the Yellow Belly Lake and Pettit Lake trailheads leads towards Toxaway Lake via Farley Lake. These trailheads can be accessed from State Highway 75 via Sawtooth National Forest road 208.

Toxaway Lake is in the Sawtooth Wilderness and wilderness permit can be obtained at trailheads.  Campfires in this section of the Sawtooth Wilderness are prohibited due to heavy use and limited firewood.

Sawtooth Wilderness
The Sawtooth Wilderness is a federally-protected wilderness area that covers 217,088 acres (87,852 ha) of the state of Idaho. Managed by the U.S. Forest Service in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it was designated the Sawtooth Primitive Area in 1937 to preserve the scenic beauty of the Sawtooth Mountains. On August 22, 1972 Public Law 92-400 designated the Primitive Area as the Sawtooth Wilderness and part of the newly created Sawtooth National Recreation Area. As part of the National Wilderness Preservation System, the Sawtooth Wilderness is an area where human development and use are restricted and people are to remain only visitors. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the Sawtooth Wilderness has some of the clearest air in the lower 48 states.
Say Goodnight
"Say Goodnight" is a song recorded by American country music group the Eli Young Band. It was released in August 2012 as the third single from their album Life at Best. The song was written by Katrina Elam, Melissa Peirce and John Paul White.

Katrina Elam
Katrina Ruth Elam (born December 12, 1983) is an American country music singer and songwriter. Signed to Universal South Records in 2004, she released her self-titled debut album that year, charting in the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) with the No. 29 "No End in Sight" and the No. 59 "I Want a Cowboy". A third single, "Love Is", peaked at No. 47 from an unreleased second album Turn Me Up. Elam left the label in 2008.
Taizhou, Jiangsu
Taizhou (Chinese: 泰州; pinyin: Tàizhōu) is a city in Jiangsu province in eastern China. Situated on the north bank of the Yangtze River, it borders Nantong to the east, Yancheng to the north and Yangzhou to the west.

The 2020 Chinese census counted its population at 4,512,762 of whom 1,504,014 live in the built-up (or metro) area made of three urban districts (Hailing, Jiangyan and Gaogang).

G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway
The Beijing–Shanghai Expressway designated as G2 and commonly abbreviated as the Jinghu Expressway is a major expressway of China, linking the capital Beijing in the north to Shanghai on the central coast. It extends 1262 kilometres in length, and was finished in 2006.

The expressway's name, Jinghu, is a combination of the two cities' one-character Chinese abbreviations: Jing stands for Beijing, while Hu stands for Shanghai. The trip from Beijing to Shanghai by automobile takes about ten hours with multiple drivers taking shifts and under good road conditions.
Björn Leví Gunnarsson
Björn Leví Gunnarsson (born 1 June 1976) is an Icelandic politician from the Pirate Party. He has represented Reykjavik North in the Parliament of Iceland from 2016 to 2017 and Reykjavík South from 2017 to 2024.

He was a member of the Alþingi's budget committee.

Reykjavík South (Althing constituency)
Reykjavík South (Icelandic: Reykjavík suður) is one of the six multi-member constituencies of the Althing, the national legislature of Iceland. The constituency was established in 2003 when the existing Reykjavík constituency was split into two. The constituency currently elects nine of the 63 members of the Althing using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2024 parliamentary election it had 47,619 registered electors.
Roy Chadwick
Roy Chadwick, CBE, FRSA, FRAeS (30 April 1893 – 23 August 1947) was an English aircraft design engineer for the Avro Company.

Born at Marsh Hall Farm, Farnworth, Widnes, the son of the mechanical engineer Charles Chadwick, he was the chief designer for Avro and was responsible for practically all of their aeroplane designs. He is famous in particular for designing the Avro Lancaster bomber, its follow-up Avro Lincoln and preliminary designs of the Avro Vulcan V-bomber. He also converted the Lincoln into the Shackleton. His Avro Yorks carried one-third of the entire British tonnage during the Berlin Airlift.

Farnworth, Cheshire
Farnworth is a northern area of the town of Widnes in Halton, Cheshire, England. Originally a village lying between Prescot and Penketh, it is an electoral ward in the Borough of Halton with a population in 2021 of 7,990.
Sonny Vincent
Sonny Vincent (born July 7, 1952) is an American rock musician. He has been active in music since the '60s—in particular the mid-1970s, when he was part of the New York City punk rock scene with his original band, Testors. Vincent is currently active in music, film, multi-media art, and writing.
His pedigree includes mid-70s Testors' performances at C.B.G.B. and Max's Kansas City. Always active in his own bands, Vincent also spent time touring and recording for 9 years as Maureen "Moe" Tucker and Sterling Morrison's guitar player (both of the Velvet Underground.) Members of Vincent's bands include a vast range of players/characters, from the drummer of the Stooges, Scott Asheton, to Charles Manson's one-time guitar player, Ernie Knapp.

Trend Is Dead! Records
Trend Is Dead! Records (stylized tREND iS dEAD! records) is an independent record label in Normal, Illinois. The label was founded in 1995 and released titles on cassette and vinyl before switching to compact discs.

Trend Is Dead! is recognized for its punk releases, although some have delved into experimental, rock, garage, industrial, and hardcore. The label has released material by  Frantics, Dee Dee Ramone, Dade County Resistance, Black Left Pinky, Santa's Dead, Youth Gone Mad, and Sonny Vincent and the Bad Reactions.
Espen Haavardsholm
Espen Haavardsholm (born 10 February 1945, in Oslo) is a Norwegian novelist, poet, biographer and essayist. He made his literary debut in 1966 with the collection of short stories, Tidevann. He was one of the central writers in the modernist literary magazine Profil. He has written biographies on Martin Linge (his grandfather), Aksel Sandemose and Johan Borgen.

Profil (literary magazine)
Profil was a Norwegian literary magazine which had great influence in the late 1960s and the 1970s. The magazine was founded in 1938 as Filologen, a house organ for the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Oslo. Its name was changed to Profil in 1959. In 1966 the magazine was taken over by a group of radical students. They opposed established literary views, and introduced the modernist literature. The circle of writers that emerged are often referred to as the "Profil Generation".
Appearances: Book 1
Appearances: Book 1 is a compilation album by rapper Brotha Lynch Hung, released on January 19, 2002 on Black Market Records, It is the first in a trilogy of compilation albums released throughout 2002. After Lynch released his second LP, Loaded, he began a long-standing feud with label head Cedric Singleton over the rights to his back catalog (including 24 Deep, Season Of Da Siccness and Loaded). To compile Book 1, Cedric scraped together a lot of either stolen Lynch songs or songs from other underground rappers' albums that featured Lynch. This is essentially a bootleg; it is rumored Lynch receives no profit on anything Black Market released after Loaded. The vast majority of these songs came from other artists' albums: 'Tremendous' was taken from Sicx's LP, "It's Real" came from Mr. Serv-On's album Life Insurance, 'Candy Wit' Slam' from Dubb Sak's LP, etc.

Brotha Lynch Hung
Kevin Danell Mann (born January 10, 1969), known artistically as Brotha Lynch Hung, is an American rapper, songwriter, and record producer from Sacramento, California. Known for his explicitly graphic and violent lyrics which include vivid descriptions of cannibalism, murder, rape, infanticide, dismemberment and necrophilia, he is a creator of horrorcore and pioneered his own sub-category called “Rip-gut”. Due to the nature of his lyrics, his music is often compared to a slasher film. He is also a former 24th Street Garden Blocc Crip gang member, which is a Crip-affiliated street gang based in Meadowview, Sacramento.
Antero Puranen
Antero Puranen is a Finnish Olympic javelin thrower. He represented his country in the men's javelin throw at the 1980 Summer Olympics. His distance was an 84.02 in the qualifiers and an 85.12 in the finals.

Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics – Men's javelin throw
The men's javelin throw event at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Soviet Union had 18 competitors in one qualifying group. The qualifying round was staged on July 26, with the automatic qualifying mark set at 80.00 metres (262.47 ft). Twelve advanced to the final, which took place the following day.

The Soviet Union's Dainis Kūla and Aleksandr Makarov won gold and silver, amid allegations that Soviet officials had favored their own athletes.
Chiyokawa, Ibaraki
Chiyokawa (千代川村, Chiyokawa-mura) was a village located in Yūki District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

On January 1, 2006, Chiyokawa was merged into the expanded city of Shimotsuma.

As of 2003, the village had an estimated population of 9,589 and a density of 483.56 people per km2. The total area was 19.83 km2.

Yūki District
Yūki (結城郡, Yūki-gun) is a district located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. As at May, 2008, the district had an estimated Population of 23,388 and a Density of 396 persons/km2. The total area is 59.1 km2.

The district contains one town, Yachiyo (八千代町, Yachiyo-machi)
2017 U.S. Open (golf)
The  2017 U.S. Open Championship was the 117th U.S. Open, held June 15–18 at Erin Hills in Erin, Wisconsin, northwest of Milwaukee. Brooks Koepka claimed his first major title with a 16-under-par 272, four strokes ahead of runners-up Brian Harman and Hideki Matsuyama. Koepka's score matched the lowest ever at the championship, set in 2011 by Rory McIlroy.

This was the first U.S. Open in Wisconsin, but marked its fifth major, following four editions of the PGA Championship. The PGA was played in 1933 at Blue Mound in Wauwatosa, and at Whistling Straits near Kohler in 2004, 2010, and 2015.

The purse was a record for a major at $12 million, and the winner's share exceeded $2 million for the first time, at $2.16 million.

Tommy Fleetwood
Thomas Paul Fleetwood (born 19 January 1991) is an English professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour and European Tour. He has won eight times on the European Tour. In 2025, Fleetwood recorded his first win on the PGA Tour at the Tour Championship, which secured the 2025 FedEx Cup. He has also won a silver medal for Great Britain, at the 2024 Olympic Games.
Gould, Texas
Gould is an unincorporated community in Cherokee County, located in the U.S. state of Texas. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 20 in 2000. It is located within the Tyler-Jacksonville combined statistical area.

Cherokee County, Texas
Cherokee County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 50,412. The county seat is Rusk, which lies 130 miles southeast of Dallas and 160 miles north of Houston. The county was named for the Cherokee, who lived in the area before being expelled in 1839. Cherokee County comprises the Jacksonville micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Tyler–Jacksonville combined statistical area.
Kitty Bluett
Kitty Bluett (18 August 1916 - 27 July 1994) was an English-Australian actress and singer for radio, television and film. She played Ted Ray's wife on the BBC radio show Ray's a Laugh from 1949 to 1961, the "longest running husband-wife radio show ever" with an estimated audience of 10 million. She appeared in several films, including A Son Is Born (1946), alongside Ron Randell. Bluett was the first female radio DJ in Australia.

Ray's a Laugh
Ray's a Laugh was a British BBC Radio comedy series starring Ted Ray which ran from 1949 to 1961. According to latter-day historians of the era, the show was "hugely popular with the British public" and "one of the major hits of post-war radio comedy".
Requiem (Wilberg)
Mack Wilberg's Requiem is a large-scale work for chorus, orchestra, a soprano and a baritone soloist. Wilberg began composition in 2006 and it was premiered in 2007 in Salt Lake City, Utah. It comprises seven movements, which together last thirty-four minutes. It was published in 2008 by Oxford University Press.

The cover art of the album and the score displays the stained glass of the Chapel of Thanksgiving in Dallas, TX, created by Gabriel Loire.

Mack Wilberg
Mack J. Wilberg (born February 20, 1955) is an American composer, arranger, pianist, conductor, and choral clinician who has been the music director of the Tabernacle Choir at Temple Square (formerly known as the Mormon Tabernacle Choir) since 2008. He was a professor of music at Brigham Young University (BYU) from 1984 to 1999.
Michał Sczaniecki
Michał Sczaniecki (born Stanisław Maria Michał Sczaniecki; 1910–1977), was a Polish historian of state and law, especially of Poland and France; professor of Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań from 1951 to 1965, and director of the Western Institute (Instytut Zachodni) in Poznań from 1961 to 1964. He was later professor at Warsaw University.

Western Institute
The Western Institute in Poznań (Polish: Instytut Zachodni, German West-Institut, French: L'Institut Occidental) is a scientific research society focusing on the Western provinces of Poland - Kresy Zachodnie (including Greater Poland, Silesia, Pomerania), history, economy and politics of Germany, and the Polish-German relations in history and today.

Established by professor Zygmunt Wojciechowski in 1944 in Warsaw, since 1945 based in Poznań. There were branches in Warsaw (1945–53), Wrocław (1948–49) and scientific posts in Kraków and Olsztyn.

Full name: Instytut Zachodni. Instytut Naukowo-Badawczy im. Zygmunta Wojciechowskiego w Poznaniu
Shadow Lawn (Chase City, Virginia)
Shadow Lawn is a historic home located at Chase City, Mecklenburg County, Virginia. The original section dates to about 1834, with the main Italianate style front section designed by Jacob W. Holt and built in 1869–1870.  The house is two stories tall and three bays wide with a cross gable roof. It has a traditional central-passage, double-pile plan.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Chase City, Virginia
Chase City is a town in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, United States. Chase City was incorporated in 1873 and named for Salmon P. Chase, United States Chief Justice and Lincoln's Secretary of the Treasury. The population was 2,053 at the 2020 census. Tobacco and other crops are grown nearby.
A Greek–English Lexicon
A Greek–English Lexicon, often referred to as Liddell & Scott (/ˈlɪdəl/) or Liddell–Scott–Jones (LSJ), is a standard lexicographical work of the Ancient Greek language originally edited by Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, Henry Stuart Jones, and Roderick McKenzie and published in 1843 by the Oxford University Press.

It was most recently revised for its ninth edition of 1940. Abridged versions and a supplement exist. It was initially the basis for the 2021 Cambridge Greek Lexicon, although subsequently that became a complete rewrite from scratch.

Henry Stuart Jones
Sir Henry Stuart Jones FBA (15 May 1867 – 29 June 1939) was a British academic. He was educated at Balliol College, Oxford; he obtained a First in Classical Moderations in 1888 and a First in Literae Humaniores ('Greats', a combination of philosophy and ancient history) in 1890. He was appointed to a Fellowship at Trinity College, Oxford, in 1897.

From 1903 to 1905 he was Director of the British School at Rome and, in 1920, moved from Trinity to Brasenose College to take up the post of Camden Professor of Ancient History which he held until 1927 when he took up a series of Welsh academic posts listed below. Originally, Stuart was his second forename, but he and his wife generally prefixed it to their surname, and he was knighted in 1933 under the name Stuart-Jones.
Frederick William Keyl
Frederick William Keyl (originally Friedrich Wilhelm Keyl; 17 September 1823 – 5 December 1871), born in Germany, was an animal painter in England; he received many commissions for paintings from Queen Victoria.

Animal painter
An animal painter is an artist who specialises in (or is known for their skill in) the portrayal of animals.

The OED dates the first express use of the term "animal painter" to the mid-18th century: by English physician, naturalist and writer John Berkenhout (1726–1791). From the early 20th century, wildlife artist became a more usual term for contemporary animal painters.
Diocese of Penang
The Diocese of Penang (Latin: Dioecesis Pinangensis; Malay: Keuskupan Pulau Pinang; Tamil: பினாங்கு மறைமாவட்டம்; Mandarin: 天主教檳城教區) is situated in the northern as well as the east coast region of Peninsular Malaysia covering 4 northern states, namely Perlis, Kedah, Penang and Perak as well as the east coast state of Kelantan. It was created on 25 February 1955 together with the Archdiocese of Kuala Lumpur. It is under the ecclesiastical province of Kuala Lumpur.

Bukit Mertajam
Bukit Mertajam is a suburb of Seberang Perai in the Malaysian state of Penang. It also serves as the seat of the Central Seberang Perai District. As of 2020, Bukit Mertajam had a population of 19,433.

Whilst founded in the 19th century as an agricultural area, Bukit Mertajam also evolved into a transportation hub, following the completion of a railway line towards Perai at the end of the century. To this day, its railway station remains a major Malayan Railway station within Seberang Perai.

Bukit Mertajam is also well known for its Catholic congregation, which is centred at the St. Anne's Church. The church is one of the focal locations within Southeast Asia for the annual Novena celebrations.

It is the birthplace of the 10th Prime Minister of Malaysia Anwar Ibrahim.
Liberté (The Doobie Brothers album)
Liberté is the fifteenth studio album by American rock band the Doobie Brothers, released on Island Records. First released exclusively on streaming services on October 1, 2021, the album saw a CD release four weeks later on October 29 and an LP release in June 2022. It is their first studio album since 2014's Southbound, and their first of new material since 2010's World Gone Crazy. The band toured following the release of the album.

Patrick Simmons
Patrick Simmons (born October 19, 1948) is an American musician best known as a founding member of the rock band The Doobie Brothers, with whom he was inducted as into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2020. He is the only member of the band to appear on every release.
Canlubang
Canlubang is a major industrial zone located in the province of Laguna, Philippines. It was once a hacienda during the Spanish colonial period. Canlubang straddles two component cities of Laguna: Cabuyao, Calamba, the municipality of Silang in Cavite, and the city of Tagaytay.

The official political unit with the name Canlubang is a barangay in Calamba, Laguna. It is the largest and most populated barangay in Calamba and the second most populated in Laguna.

Canlubang covers major industrial zones. The Nuvali development of Ayala Land could be found in the barangay and extends to as far as Cabuyao and Santa Rosa, Laguna.

MCDC is the seat government of brgy. Canlubang after Ceris since 2017.

Vicente Madrigal
Vicente María Epifanio López Madrigal (April 5, 1880 – June 6, 1972) was a Spanish Filipino businessman, industrialist and politician. 
Madrigal died at home in New Manila, Quezon City, under the care of his youngest daughter, Maria Luisa.
Wisconsin Dells High School
Wisconsin Dells High School is a public high school located in Wisconsin Dells, Wisconsin, and is a part of the Wisconsin Dells School District. It serves more than 600 students from the municipalities of Wisconsin Dells, Dell Prairie, Dellona, Delton, Jackson, Lake Delton, Lyndon, New Haven, Newport, and Springville.

Jackson, Adams County, Wisconsin
There are some other places named Jackson in Wisconsin.

Jackson is a town in Adams County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 1,141 at the 2020 census, up from 1,003 at the 2010 census.
George W. Bush judicial appointment controversies
During President George W. Bush's two term tenure in office, a few of his nominations for  federal judgeships were blocked by the Senate Democrats either directly in the Senate Judiciary Committee or on the full Senate floor in various procedural moves, including the first use of a filibuster to block a Federal Appeals Court nominee. Republicans labeled it an unwarranted obstruction of professionally qualified judicial nominees.

Richard Allen Griffin
Richard Allen Griffin (born 1952) is a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. Previously, he was a judge on the Michigan Court of Appeals.

Griffin was first nominated to the United States Court of Appeals for the 6th Circuit by President George W. Bush on June 26, 2002, to a seat vacated by Judge Damon Keith as Keith assumed senior status. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 9, 2005, and received commission on June 10, 2005.
CSA Provincial T20 Cup
The CSA Provincial T20 Cup is a professional domestic Twenty20 Cricket competition in South Africa. The competition was established by Cricket South Africa (CSA) in 2019. It is the second-level Twenty20 competition in South Africa.

At first it was played between the 15 South African provincial teams, along with Limpopo and Mpumalanga. This was the sixth edition of the CSA Provincial T20 Cup, which was last played in the 2015–16 season. With only domestic teams from South Africa taking part, the tournament returned in place of the Africa T20 Cup, which had been held since 2015. the national under-19 team.

Limpopo cricket team
Limpopo cricket team, also called the Limpopo Impalas, are a first-class cricket team representing Limpopo, the northernmost province of South Africa. Limpopo Impala Cricket has its headquarters in Polokwane, and the team plays home games at the Polokwane Cricket Club Ground.