hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wellesley Aron
Major Wellesley Aron, MBE (18 June 1901 – 1988), was an English born Jewish businessman, community leader, and soldier who served in World War II as a member of the Jewish Brigade. Pre-war he served as a community leader in the East End of London. Having been an active Boy Scout during his school years, he saw scouting as the solution to giving the young people a sense of purpose.

He founded the 36th Stepney Jewish Scout Troop and later founded a new non-Zionist "Jewish cultural youth movement" teaching Jewish history and outdoor craft. Post WWII he aided in the founding of Israel, was heavily involved with the founding of Rotary International, before campaigning for peace until his death in 1988.

Jewish Brigade
The Jewish Infantry Brigade Group, more commonly known as the Jewish Brigade Group or Jewish Brigade, was a military formation of the British Army in the Second World War. It was formed in late 1944 and was recruited primarily among Jews of the Yishuv from Mandatory Palestine. It was mostly commanded by Anglo-Jewish officers. The Jewish Brigade served in the latter stages of the Italian Campaign, taking part in the Spring 1945 offensive in Italy. It was disbanded in 1946.

After the war, some members of the brigade assisted Holocaust survivors to illegally emigrate to Mandatory Palestine as part of Aliyah Bet, in defiance of British restrictions. Other members formed the vigilante groups Gmul and the Tilhas Tizig Gesheften, which assassinated hundreds of German, Austrian, and Italian war criminals.
Cameron Offices
The Cameron Offices are a series of former government offices commissioned by the National Capital Development Commission and designed by John Andrews in the Brutalist structuralism style of architecture. The offices were constructed between 1970 and 1976 and partially demolished during 2007–08. They are located in the Belconnen Town Centre, in the district of Belconnen, located in Canberra, in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.

During their thirty-year life cycle, the Cameron Offices primary occupant was the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Three wings (3, 4 and 5) and the pedestrian bridge, from the initial nine wings, remain. Wing 3 was previously occupied by the government agency responsible for superannuation administration, Commonwealth Superannuation Corporation. Wings 4 and 5 have been converted from government offices into student accommodation for the nearby University of Canberra.

John Andrews (architect)
John Hamilton Andrews AO LFRAIA HonFAIA FRAIC RIBA (29 October 1933 – 24 March 2022) was an Australian architect, known for designing a number of acclaimed structures in Australia, Canada and the United States. He was Australia's first internationally recognised architect, and the 1980 RAIA Gold Medalist. He died peacefully in his hometown of Orange on 24 March 2022.
Byerazino
Byerazino or Berezino is a town on the Berezina River in Minsk Region, Belarus. It is located 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of the capital Minsk, and serves as the administrative center of Byerazino District. As of 2025, it has a population of 11,250.

Berezina
The Berezina or Byarezina (Belarusian: Бярэзіна, romanized: Biarezina, IPA: [bʲaˈrɛzʲinɐ]; Russian: Березина) is a river in Belarus and a right tributary of the Dnieper. The river starts in the Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve. The length of the Berezina is 613 kilometres (381 mi). The width of the river is 15–20 m, the maximum is 60 m. The banks are low (up to 0.5 m), steep in some areas (up to 1.5 m high), sandy, and the floodplain is swampy. The Berezina usually freezes over in the first half of December.

Its main tributaries are Bobr, Klyava, Ol'sa and Ala from the left and Hayna and Svislach from the right.  The Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve by the river is on the UNESCO list of biosphere reserves. Peat bogs cover 430 km2 and thus occupy a large part of the reserve. These open peat zones have remained virtually untouched and are among Europe's largest bogs.
Gallium indium arsenide antimonide phosphide
Gallium indium arsenide antimonide phosphide (GaInAsSbP or GaInPAsSb) is a semiconductor material.

Research has shown that GaInAsSbP can be used in the manufacture of mid-infrared light-emitting diodes and thermophotovoltaic cells.

GaInAsSbP layers can be grown by heteroepitaxy on indium arsenide, gallium antimonide and other materials. The exact composition can be tuned in order to make it lattice matched. The presence of five elements in the alloy allows extra degrees of freedom, making it possible to fix the lattice constant while varying the bandgap. E.g. Ga0.92In0.08P0.05As0.08Sb0.87 is lattice matched to InAs.

Thermophotovoltaic energy conversion
Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion is a direct conversion process from heat to electricity via photons. A basic thermophotovoltaic system consists of a hot object emitting thermal radiation and a photovoltaic cell similar to a solar cell but tuned to the spectrum being emitted from the hot object.

As TPV systems generally work at lower temperatures than solar cells, their efficiencies tend to be low. Offsetting this through the use of multi-junction cells based on non-silicon materials is common, but generally very expensive. This currently limits TPV to niche roles like spacecraft power and waste heat collection from larger systems like steam turbines.
The Cactus Album
The Cactus Al/Bum (also known as The Cactus Cee/D and The Cactus Cas/Ette depending on release format) is the debut album by hip hop trio 3rd Bass, released on Def Jam Recordings on November 14, 1989. The album received positive reviews from the hip hop press and is also notable for featuring the recording debut of rapper Zev Love X of KMD, later known as MF Doom, on "The Gas Face". It was certified gold by the RIAA on April 24, 1990.

The Cactus Album peaked at No. 5 on Billboard's Top Hip Hop/R&B Albums chart and at No. 55 on the Billboard 200 chart. In 1998, the album was selected as one of The Source's "100 Best Rap Albums". A decade later, Rhapsody included The Cactus Album in its list of "The 10 Best Albums By White Rappers".

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
Florinel Coman
Florinel Teodor Coman (Romanian pronunciation: [floriˈnel teˈodor ˈkoman]; born 10 April 1998) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Qatar Stars League club Al-Gharafa and the Romania national team.

Coman began his career at Viitorul Constanța in 2015, winning a national championship in his second full season with the club. In 2017, he transferred to FCSB in a deal eventually worth €3 million, representing the then-highest fee paid by a Liga I side. With FCSB, Coman won the Cupa României in 2019 and secured another national title in the 2023–24 campaign, during which he was the league's top scorer and named Player of the Season. Shortly after, he earned a €5.25 million transfer to Qatari team Al-Gharafa.

Coman made his senior debut for Romania in October 2019, after previously being capped at under-17, under-19, and under-21 levels. He competed for the country in the UEFA Euro 2024, where the team won their group and reached the round of 16.

UEFA Euro 2024 Group E
Group E of UEFA Euro 2024 took place from 17 to 26 June 2024. The group contained Belgium, Slovakia, Romania, and Ukraine. All four teams finished with four points, making it the first (and the only as of at least 2028) European Championship, and the first major tournament since Group E of the 1994 FIFA World Cup, where all teams in a group had the same amount of points. Ukraine became the first team to finish bottom of a European Championship group while earning as many as four points.
Wheeler Peak (Nevada)
Wheeler Peak is the tallest mountain in the Snake Range and in White Pine County, in Nevada, United States. The summit elevation of 13,065 feet (3,982 m) makes it the second-highest peak in Nevada, just behind Boundary Peak. With a topographic prominence of 7,563 feet (2,305 m), Wheeler Peak is the most topographically prominent peak in White Pine County and the second-most prominent peak in Nevada, just behind Mount Charleston. The mountain is located in Great Basin National Park and was named for George Wheeler, leader of the Wheeler Survey of the late 19th century.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Vinkovci Technical College of Adult Education
Vinkovci Technical College of Adult Education (Croatian: Tehničko učilište Vinkovci-ustanova za obrazovanje odraslih) is adult education institution based in Vinkovci, Croatia. Institution offer courses in primary, secondary, vocational and programs of information technology education. Institution have two additional campuses in Vukovar and Ilok. In its work, institution collaborates with local Croatian Employment Service through their public tenders.

Vinkovci
Vinkovci (pronounced [ʋîːŋkoːʋtsi]) is a city in Slavonia, in the Vukovar-Syrmia County in eastern Croatia. The city settlement's population was 28,111 in the 2021 census, while the total population was 30,842, making it the largest town of the county. It is a local transport hub, particularly because of its railways.
Kiyoji Ōtsuji
Kiyoji Ōtsuji (大辻 清司, Ōtsuji Kiyoji; 1923–2001) was a Japanese photographer, photography theorist, and educator. He was active in the avant-garde art world in Japan after World War II, both creating his own experimental photographs, and taking widely circulated documentary photographs of other artists and art projects. He became an authority in Japanese photography, extensively publishing commentaries and educating future generations of photographers.

Documentary photography
Documentary photography usually refers to a popular form of photography used to chronicle events or environments both significant and relevant to history and historical events as well as everyday life. It is typically undertaken as professional photojournalism, or real-life reportage, but it may also be an amateur, artistic, or academic pursuit. Social documentary photography aims to draw the public's attention to social issues or to the life of underprivileged people.
Walter de Clifford (died 1221)
Walter de Clifford (c. 1160 – 17 January 1221) was a Welsh marcher lord, feudal baron of Clifford of Clifford Castle in Herefordshire and High Sheriff in England.

He was born in Clifford Castle, Herefordshire, the son of Walter de Clifford (1113–1190).

Walter served as High Sheriff of Herefordshire in 1199, 1207–1208 and 1216. He was a close associate of William de Braose and although he held back from William's rebellion in March 1208, was not thought to have done enough to check it. As a result, King John dismissed him from his Marcher barony of Clifford and made his son Walter de Clifford (died 1263) de facto lord instead.

Clifford Castle
Clifford Castle is a ruined castle in the village of Clifford which lies 2.5 miles to the north-east of Hay-on-Wye in the Wye Valley in Herefordshire, England (grid reference SO243457). It was the caput of the feudal barony of Clifford, a Marcher Lordship (owing allegiance directly to the king, but separate from the rest of the kingdom). The castle stands in the grounds of a private house and is only open to the public on certain days of the year.
Mountain Education Centre of New Zealand
The Mountain Education Centre of New Zealand (MECNZ) was formally a division of Tai Poutini Polytechnic, located in Wānaka, New Zealand.  Tai Poutini Polytechnic continues to run the Ski Patrol Programme from its Wānaka Campus.

Wānaka
Wānaka (Māori pronunciation: [ˈwaːnaka] ⓘ) is a popular ski and summer resort town in the Otago region of the South Island of New Zealand. At the southern end of Lake Wānaka, it is at the start of the Clutha River and is the gateway to Mount Aspiring National Park.

Wānaka is primarily a resort town with both summer and winter seasons. Its economy is based on the many outdoor opportunities this offers.

Historically, Māori visited the Wānaka area to hunt and fish in summer, or on their way to seek pounamu (greenstone) on the West Coast. Ngāi Tahu abandoned their seasonal camps after a raid by a North Island war party in 1836.

Along with the rest of the Queenstown-Lakes District, Wānaka is growing rapidly, with the population increasing by 50% between 2005 and 2015.
FUDforum
FUDforum is a free and open-source Internet forum software, originally produced by Advanced Internet Designs Inc., that is now maintained by the user community. The name "FUDforum" is an abbreviation of Fast Uncompromising Discussion forum. It is comparable to other forum software. FUDforum is customizable and has a large feature set relative to other forum packages.

FUDforum runs on a number of operating systems that are able to support the PHP programming language, including Unix, Linux and Windows systems. The interface is based on HTML5 with CSS, jQuery and AJAX.

The code is released under the General Public License v2.0 only and Internet sites can use the software royalty-free.

Comparison of Internet forum software
This article outlines the general features commonly found in various Internet forum software packages. It highlights major features that the manager of a forum might want and should expect to be commonly available in different forum software. These comparisons do not include remotely hosted services which use their own proprietary software, rather than offering a package for download which webmasters can host by themselves.
Enlil (heliospheric model)
Enlil is a time-dependent three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic model of the inner heliosphere that simulates the background solar wind and the interplanetary propagation of coronal mass ejections, CMEs. It is a core component of the operational WSA–Enlil modeling system used for space weather forecasting and research at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Space Weather Prediction Center, at NASA's Community Coordinated Modeling Center, and at other national forecasting centers.

NOAA states the system provides "1-4 day advance warning" of solar-wind structures and Earth-directed CMEs that can drive geomagnetic storms. The code is named for Enlil, the Sumerian god of wind and storms, reflecting the model's focus on solar-wind dynamics.

Magnetohydrodynamics
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD; also called magneto-fluid dynamics or hydro­magnetics) is a model of electrically conducting fluids that treats all types of charged particles together as one continuous fluid. It is primarily concerned with the low-frequency, large-scale, magnetic behavior in plasmas and liquid metals and has applications in multiple fields including space physics, geophysics, astrophysics, and engineering.
Scott Snibbe
Scott Snibbe (born 1969 in New York City) is an American interactive media artist, author, entrepreneur, and meditation instructor who hosts the Skeptic's Path to Enlightenment meditation podcast. His first book, How to Train a Happy Mind, was released in 2024. Snibbe has collaborated with other artists and musicians, including Björk on her interactive "app album" Biophilia that was acquired by New York's MoMA as the first downloadable app in the museum's collection. Between 2000 and 2013 he founded several companies, including Eyegroove, which was acquired by Facebook in 2016. Early in his career, Snibbe was one of the developers of After Effects (acquired by Adobe).

Adobe After Effects
Adobe After Effects is a digital  effects, motion graphics, and compositing application developed by Adobe Inc.; it is used for animation and in the post-production process of film making, video games and television production. Among other things, After Effects can be used for keying, tracking, compositing, and animation. It also functions as a very basic non-linear editor, audio editor, and media transcoder. In 2019, the program won an Academy Award for scientific and technical achievement.
Polish profanity
The Polish language, like many others, includes swear words and profanity. While some terms are not always regarded as pejorative, others are considered highly offensive. There is scholarly debate regarding which words in Polish are the most derogatory.

Different types of swearing identified by Steven Pinker are present in Polish. These include abusive, cathartic, dysphemistic, emphatic and idiomatic forms.

Studies suggest that perceptions of profanity in Poland vary depending on context, such as swearing in public versus in private. In one survey, 65% of adults reported swearing due to emotional reasons, while 21% stated they never swore.

The CBOS (Centrum Badania Opinii Społecznej; Centre for Public Opinion Research) has conducted surveys on the use of profanity. Its reports note that self-reported data on swearing in private settings may not always be reliable, as respondents could underreport or alter their behaviour, potentially limiting the accuracy of findings.

Profanity
Profanity, also known as swearing, cursing, or cussing, is the usage of notionally offensive words for a variety of purposes, including to demonstrate disrespect or negativity, to relieve pain, to express a strong emotion (such as anger, excitement, or surprise), as a grammatical intensifier or emphasis, or to express informality or conversational intimacy. In many formal or polite social situations, it is considered impolite (a violation of social norms), and in some religious groups it is considered a sin. Profanity includes slurs, but most profanities are not slurs, and there are many insults that do not use swear words.

Swear words can be discussed or even sometimes used for the same purpose without causing offense or being considered impolite if they are obscured (e.g. "fuck" becomes "f***" or "the f-word") or substituted with a minced oath like "flip".
Jiří Dopita
Jiří Dopita (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɪr̝iː ˈdopɪta], born 2 December 1968 in Šumperk, Czechoslovakia) is former Czech professional ice hockey player, and later ice hockey coach. He has played in the Czech Elite League most of his career. He briefly played in the National Hockey League. Dopita has primarily played center throughout his career.

Czech Extraliga
The Czech Extraliga (Czech: Extraliga ledního hokeje, ELH) is the highest-level ice hockey league in the Czech Republic. It was created in 1993 following the peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia midway through the 1992–93 Czechoslovak Extraliga season (which all Slovak and Czech teams played to completion). The league's season usually takes place between September and April and features 14 teams.

Teams from the ELH participate in the IIHF's annual European tournament in the CHL. During the 2022–23 CHL season, the ELH was ranked the No. 5 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top three teams to compete in the CHL.
RD-0243
The RD-0243 (Russian: Ракетный Двигатель-0243, romanized: Raketnyy Dvigatel-0243, lit. 'Rocket Engine 0243') is a propulsion module composed of an RD-0244 main engine and a RD-0245 vernier thruster. Both are liquid-fuel rocket engines, burning a hypergolic mixture of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) fuel with dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) oxidizer. The RD-0244 main engine operates in the oxidizer rich staged combustion cycle, while the vernier RD-0245 uses the simpler gas generator cycle. Since volume is at a premium on submarine launches, this module is submerged on the propellant tank. Its development period was from 1977 to 1985, having had its first launch on December 27, 1981. Originally developed for the RSM-54, it was used later for the Shtil'.

Shtil'
Space launch vehicle Shtil' (Russian: Штиль - calm (weather)), is a converted SLBM used for launching artificial satellites into orbit. It is based on the R-29RM designed by State Rocket Center Makeyev and related to the Volna Launch Vehicle. The Shtil' is a 3-stage launch vehicle that uses liquid propellant. It is the first launch vehicle to successfully launch a payload into orbit from a submarine, although launch from land based structures is possible as well.
2010 Speedway Grand Prix Qualification
The 2010 Individual Speedway World Championship Grand Prix Qualification were a series of motorcycle speedway meetings used to determine the three riders who qualified for the 2010 Speedway Grand Prix. The top eight riders finishing the 2009 Grand Prix series automatically qualified for 2010. The final round of qualification – the Grand Prix Challenge – took place on 18 September 2009, in Coventry, England. The Grand Prix Challenge was won by Magnus Zetterström who finished ahead of Chris Holder and former Grand Prix rider Jarosław Hampel. All three riders qualified for the 2010 Grand Prix.

2010 Speedway Grand Prix
The 2010 Speedway Grand Prix was the 65th edition of the official World Championship and the 16th season of the Speedway Grand Prix era, deciding the FIM Speedway World Championship. It was the tenth series under the promotion of Benfield Sports International, an IMG company. The series began on 24 April in Leszno and finished on 9 October in Bydgoszcz.

The only rider to win more than one round, Tomasz Gollob claimed his first Speedway Grand Prix title after over a decade in the sport. Jarosław Hampel completed a Polish 1–2, claiming his first SGP win in Denmark ahead of Gollob. Reigning champion Jason Crump finished third in the standings; the tenth successive season in which Crump finished in the top three places.
Macroglossum rectans
Macroglossum rectans is a moth of the  family Sphingidae. It is known from Papua New Guinea and Australia.

It is similar to Macroglossum hirundo errans, but less grey. The abdomen upperside has a small, transverse, yellow lateral mark on second segment and a large one on the third and fourth. The side tufts on segments five and six are light brownish yellow rather than white. The forewing upperside has an oblique median grey band. Both wing undersides are more reddish brown than in Macroglossum hirundo errans.

Macroglossum hirundo
Macroglossum hirundo is a moth of the  family Sphingidae. It is known from the Cook Islands, Fiji, the Society Islands, Australia (the Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales), Papua New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands.

The wingspan is about 40 mm.

They larvae feed on various Rubiaceae species, including Canthium odoratum, Coelospermum reticulatum, Coprosma repens, Morinda jasminoides, Myrmecodia beccarii, Pavetta australiensis and Psychotria loniceroides.