hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marudhuri Raja
Marudhuri Raja is a Telugu film writer, director.  He worked as a dialogue writer for more than 350 films. He worked with noted Telugu film directors like E. V. V. Satyanarayana, S. V. Krishna Reddy, K. Raghavendra Rao. Raja made his debut as a dialogue writer with the film Navabharatam.

S. V. Krishna Reddy
Satti Venkata Krishna Reddy (born 1 June 1961) is an Indian film director, screenwriter, composer, and actor known for his work in Telugu cinema. He has garnered three state Nandi Awards and the Filmfare Best Telugu Director Award. He mostly directed films of the comedy genre.

His notable films include Rajendrudu Gajendrudu (1993), Mayalodu (1993), Number One (1994), Yamaleela (1994), Subha Lagnam (1994), Ghatothkachudu (1995), Maavichiguru (1996), Vinodam (1996), Egire Paavurama (1997), Aahvaanam (1997), Ooyala (1998), Premaku Velayara (1999), Sardukupodaam Randi (2000), Pellam Oorelithe (2003), Athade Oka Sainyam (2004), and Hungama (2005). In 2012 he directed the romantic comedy Divorce Invitation, an American film.
Ashish Jha
Ashish Kumar Jha (born December 31, 1970) is an American general internist physician and academic who served as the White House COVID-19 response coordinator from 2022–2023. He has been Dean of the Brown University School of Public Health since 2020. Prior to Brown, he was the K.T. Li Professor of Global Health at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, faculty director of the Harvard Global Health Institute, and a Senior Advisor at Albright Stonebridge Group. Jha is recognized as one of the leading health policy scholars in the nation. Jha's role at Brown University focuses on improving the quality and cost of health care, and on the impact of public health policy.

White House COVID-19 Response Team
The White House COVID-19 Response Team was a task force during the presidency of Joe Biden to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. It was set up by President Joe Biden on his first day in office – January 20, 2021 – and replaced President Donald Trump's White House Coronavirus Task Force and President Biden's transitional COVID-19 Advisory Board.

The task force was established by Executive Order 13987. The task force disbanded in May 2023 when the COVID-19 emergency officially ended in the United States.

In July 2023, the Biden Administration created the Office of the Pandemic Preparedness and Response Policy to help prepare the United States for the next pandemic.
Kaluza–Klein–Einstein field equations
In Kaluza–Klein theory, a speculative unification of general relativity and electromagnetism, the five-dimensional Kaluza–Klein–Einstein field equations are created by adding a hypothetical dimension to the four-dimensional Einstein field equations. They use the Kaluza–Klein–Einstein tensor, a generalization of the Einstein tensor, and can be obtained from the Kaluza–Klein–Einstein–Hilbert action, a generalization of the Einstein–Hilbert action. They also feature a phenomenon known as Kaluza miracle, which is that the description of the five-dimensional vacuum perfectly falls apart in a four-dimensional electrovacuum, Maxwell's equations and an additional radion field equation for the size of the compactified dimension:

The Kaluza–Klein–Einstein field equations are named after Theodor Kaluza, Oskar Klein and Albert Einstein.

Compactification (physics)
In theoretical physics, compactification means changing a theory with respect to one of its space-time dimensions. Instead of having a theory with this dimension being infinite, one changes the theory so that this dimension has a finite length, and may also be periodic.

Compactification plays an important part in thermal field theory where one compactifies time, in string theory where one compactifies the extra dimensions of the theory, and in two- or one-dimensional solid state physics, where one considers a system which is limited in one of the three usual spatial dimensions.

At the limit where the size of the compact dimension goes to zero, no fields depend on this extra dimension, and the theory is dimensionally reduced.
Battle of Dublje
The Battle of Dublje (Serbian: Бој на Дубљу/Boj na Dublju) was undertaken by the Serbian rebel army led by Miloš Obrenović against Ottoman units of the Bosnia Eyalet at Dublje in Mačva in northwestern central Serbia, a frontier towards Bosnia, where a large army was mustered setting out to crush the rebellion. Miloš decided for an assault with shield-carriers that proved successful with minimal Serb losses and destruction of the Ottoman unit holed up in a moat fortification. It was the last conflict of the uprising, which ended with peace and Serbian autonomy.

Mačva
Mačva (Serbian Cyrillic: Мачва, pronounced [mâːt͡ʃv̞a]; Hungarian: Macsó) is a geographical and historical region in the northwest of Central Serbia, on a fertile plain between the Sava and Drina rivers. The chief town is Šabac. The modern Mačva District of Serbia is named after the region, although the region of Mačva includes only the northern part of this district. A small northern part of Mačva region is in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, in the Syrmia District.
Adult human female
"Adult human female" is a slogan adopted by anti-gender and gender-critical (also known as TERF) movements, with the aim of excluding trans women from the definition of a woman. The phrase is a dictionary-type definition of woman, and scholars have described it as a dog whistle for transphobic beliefs and a form of coded hate speech. The phrase is often accompanied by other anti-trans rhetoric, sometimes as an answer to the rhetorical question "What is a woman?". The phrase has been utilized by the second Trump administration in its persecution of transgender people.

Dog whistle (politics)
In politics, a dog whistle is the use of coded or suggestive language in political messaging to garner support from a particular group without provoking opposition. The concept is named after ultrasonic dog whistles, which are audible to dogs but not humans. Dog whistles use language that appears normal to the majority but communicates specific things to intended audiences. They are generally used to convey messages on issues likely to provoke controversy without attracting negative attention.
Sebastián Saavedra
Sebastián Saavedra (born 2 June 1990) is a Colombian racing driver from Bogotá. In 2014, he drove for KVSH Racing in the Verizon IndyCar Series before being replaced by former GP2 Series driver Stefano Coletti.

Stefano Coletti
Stefano Coletti (born 6 April 1989) is a Monégasque former professional racing driver who notably raced in the IndyCar Series, European Le Mans Series and GP2 Series, winning seven races in the latter. His sister Alexandra Coletti is an alpine skier. He is the first Monégasque driver since Louis Chiron (1931) to have won a race in Monaco.
Maurice Fitzmaurice
Sir Maurice Fitzmaurice CMG (11 May 1861–17 November 1924) was an Irish civil engineer. He was apprenticed to Sir Benjamin Baker, and worked with him on the Forth Railway Bridge before going to Egypt to build the Aswan Dam, for which he was appointed both a member of the Ottoman Order of the Mejidiye and a companion of the British Order of St Michael and St George. Following this, Fitzmaurice was Chief Engineer to the London County Council and was responsible for the Blackwall, Rotherhithe and Woolwich tunnels. In later life his consultancy advised on docks and harbours across the British Empire, including the Sennar Dam in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan . He was recognised with the prestigious honour of the presidency of the Institution of Civil Engineers for the 1916-17 session.

Benjamin Baker (engineer)
Sir Benjamin Baker (31 March 1840 – 19 May 1907) was an English civil engineer who worked in mid to late Victorian era. He helped develop the early underground railways in London with Sir John Fowler, but he is best known for his work on the Forth Bridge.  He made many other notable contributions to civil engineering, including his work as an expert witness at the public inquiry into the Tay Bridge disaster. Later, he helped design and build the first Aswan Dam.
Negligence in employment
Negligence in employment encompasses several causes of action in tort law that arise where an employer is held liable for the tortious acts of an employee because that employer was negligent in providing the employee with the ability to engage in a particular act. Four basic causes of action may arise from such a scenario: negligent hiring, negligent retention, negligent supervision and negligent training. While negligence in employment may overlap with negligent entrustment and vicarious liability, the concepts are distinct grounds of liability. The doctrine that an employer is liable for torts committed by employees within the scope of their employment is called respondeat superior.

Negligence
Negligence (Latin: negligentia) is a failure to exercise appropriate care expected to be exercised in similar circumstances.

Within the scope of tort law, negligence pertains to harm caused by the violation of a duty of care through a negligent act or failure to act. The concept of negligence is linked to the obligation of individuals to exercise reasonable care in their actions and to consider foreseeable harm that their conduct might cause to other people or property. The elements of a negligence claim include the duty to act or refrain from action, breach of that duty, actual and proximate cause of harm, and damages. Someone who suffers loss caused by another's negligence may be able to sue for damages to compensate for their harm. Such loss may include physical injury, harm to property, psychiatric illness, or economic loss.
Permanent Presidential Commission on Soil Conservation and Afforestation
The Permanent Presidential Commission on Soil Conservation and Afforestation (PPCSCA) was a Kenyan government Commission established to promote conservation and afforestation, monitoring progress and coordinating the activities of the different organizations involved. It was established in 1981 and was made up of members representing different regions of the country.

On 1 July 2002 following the merger of three government departments, namely: the National Environment Secretariat (NES), the Permanent Presidential Commission on Soil Conservation and Afforestation (PPCSCA), and the Department of Resource Surveys and Remote Sensing (DRSRS) a new government agency National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) was formed.

National Environment Management Authority of Kenya
The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) is the Kenyan government agency responsible for the management of the environment and environmental policy. It is a Semi-Autonomous Government Agency (SAGA) within the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The Authority works closely with international organizations such as UNEP, UNDP, and DANIDA. Since its establishment, NEMA has implemented three strategic plans to improve the environmental landscape of Kenya.
Marsh Barton railway station
Marsh Barton railway station is in the Marsh Barton area of Exeter, Devon England. It also provides access to the Riverside Valley Park alongside the River Exe. It opened on 4 July 2023 and is on the Riviera Line between Exeter St Thomas and Starcross stations, 2 miles 8 chains (3.4 km) from Exeter St Davids.

Exeter St Davids railway station
Exeter St Davids railway station is the primary intercity and second-busiest railway station in Exeter, and consequentially the second-busiest in Devon.

It is 193 miles 72 chains (193.90 mi; 312.1 km) from the zero point at London Paddington, from where trains travel through Exeter to Plymouth and Penzance. The station is also served by trains from London Waterloo via Salisbury and long distance services to Bristol Temple Meads, Birmingham New Street, Edinburgh Waverley and other places in the North. Local services operate on the Avocet Line to Exmouth, the Riviera Line to Paignton, the Tarka Line to Barnstaple and Dartmoor Line to Okehampton.

It is managed by Great Western Railway and served by trains operated by them, South Western Railway and CrossCountry.
Jonathan Barnes House
The Jonathan Barnes House is a historic house on North Street in Hillsborough, New Hampshire. Built about 1775, it is locally distinctive as one of only a few colonial-era houses, and is a well-preserved example of Georgian styling. It has also seen a number of socially significant uses, serving at times as a tavern, library, music school, and fraternal lodge. Surviving interior architectural details provide a significant view into the history of tavern architecture. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Hillsborough, New Hampshire
Hillsborough, frequently spelled Hillsboro, is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 5,939 at the 2020 census. The town is home to Fox State Forest and part of Low State Forest.

The main village of the town, where 2,156 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined as the Hillsborough census-designated place (CDP), and is located along the Contoocook River at the junction of New Hampshire Route 149 with Henniker Street and Main Street. The town also includes the villages of Hillsborough Center, Hillsborough Upper Village, Hillsborough Lower Village, and Emerald Lake Village.
Naha Airport Expressway
The Naha Airport Expressway (那覇空港自動車道, Naha Kūkō Jidōsha-dō) is an expressway on Okinawa Island in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The expressway has a length of 11.7 kilometres (7.3 mi). The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism maintains most of the expressway, but the West Nippon Expressway Company is the owner and operator of a short section of the expressway at its eastern end. It is signed E58 as a spur route of the Okinawa Expressway under the "2016 Proposal for Realization of Expressway Numbering". It also carries the entire length of National Route 506.

Okinawa Expressway
The Okinawa Expressway (沖縄自動車道, Okinawa Jidōsha-dō) is an expressway on Okinawa Island in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The expressway has a length of 57.3 kilometers (35.6 mi). The West Nippon Expressway Company is the owner and operator of this expressway. It is signed E58 under the "2016 Proposal for Realization of Expressway Numbering".
Michael Howard (historian)
Sir Michael Eliot Howard OM CH CBE MC FBA FRHistS (29 November 1922 – 30 November 2019) was an English military historian, formerly Chichele Professor of the History of War, Honorary Fellow of All Souls College, Regius Professor of Modern History at the University of Oxford, Robert A. Lovett Professor of Military and Naval History at Yale University, and founder of the Department of War Studies, King's College London. In 1958, he co-founded the International Institute for Strategic Studies.

In 2013, Howard was described in the Financial Times as "Britain's greatest living historian". The Guardian described him as "Britain's foremost expert on conflict".

Order of the Companions of Honour
The Order of the Companions of Honour is an order of the Commonwealth realms. It was founded on 4 June 1917 by King George V as a reward for outstanding achievements. It was founded on the same date as the Order of the British Empire.

The order was originally intended to be conferred upon a limited number of persons for whom this special distinction seemed to be the most appropriate form of recognition, constituting an honour dissociated from either the acceptance of title or the classification of merit. It is now described as being "awarded for having a major contribution to the arts, science, medicine, or government lasting over a long period of time". The first recipients of the order were all decorated for "services in connection with the war" and were listed in The London Gazette.
Hilary Calvert
Hilary Jane Calvert (born 5 October 1954) is a lawyer and a former member of the New Zealand parliament for the ACT Party. Following the resignation of ACT MP David Garrett in September 2010, she assumed a position in the House of Representatives as the next MP on ACT's list. In 2013 she was elected to the Dunedin City Council, after a failed campaign for mayor. Calvert also served on the Otago Regional Council (ORC) between 2019 and 2022. In 2025, Calvert was re-elected to the ORC as part of the Vision Otago ticket. She subsequently became the Council's chairperson.

David Garrett (politician)
David Garrett (born 1957) is a lawyer and former member of the New Zealand House of Representatives. He entered parliament at the 2008 general election as a list MP for ACT New Zealand, having been ranked fifth on that party's list. He was ACT's spokesman on law and order until he resigned from the party on 17 September 2010. On 23 September 2010, he resigned from Parliament, following revelations that he had fraudulently obtained a passport in the name of a deceased infant in 1984.
Montreux (band)
Montreux was an American fusion band, specializing in the blend of jazz and bluegrass, with jam elements. The band was active from approximately 1982 until 1990, and recorded on Windham Hill Records. The name of the band came from the jazz festival in Switzerland of the same name, at which an early version of the band was formed under a different name.

Windham Hill Records
Windham Hill Records was an independent record label that specialized in instrumental acoustic music. It was founded by guitarist William Ackerman and Anne Robinson (née McGilvray) in 1976 and was popular in the 1980s and 1990s.

The label was purchased by BMG through a series of buyouts from 1992 through 1996. It is now a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment, following Sony's acquisition of BMG Music in 2007. Private Music, also a subsidiary of BMG, has issued some back-catalog releases under the Windham Hill Records imprint. Since the Sony merger in 2007, Windham Hill has released no new material but reissues albums and compilations as part of Sony's Legacy Recordings brand.
2022 Iowa State Auditor election
The 2022 Iowa State Auditor election was held on November 8, 2022, to elect the Iowa Auditor of State, concurrently with an election to the U.S. Senate, governor, U.S. House of Representatives, and other state and local elections. Primary elections were held on June 7, 2022.

Incumbent Democratic auditor Rob Sand narrowly won re-election to a second term in office against Republican nominee Todd Halbur. Sand was the only Democrat to win statewide office in Iowa in 2022, with Democrats losing control of the Attorney General and Treasurer's offices, as well as failing to capture any other statewide offices. Halbur conceded the race on November 18.

2022 Iowa elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Iowa on November 8, 2022. All of Iowa's executive officers were up for election, as well as a United States Senate seat, all four of Iowa's seats in the United States House of Representatives, 25 (half) of the seats in the Iowa Senate, and all 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives. Primary elections were held on June 7, 2022.

The Republican Party of Iowa had a very successful election. All three statewide incumbent Republicans (governor, secretary of agriculture, and secretary of state) won reelection by more than 18%, two of three statewide incumbent Democrats (28-year incumbent attorney general and 40-year incumbent treasurer) lost to Republican challengers, and the remaining incumbent Democrat (4-year incumbent auditor) won by less than 3,000 votes and 0.24%. Republicans also won all 4 of Iowa's U.S. House seats.
London Hughes: To Catch a D*ck
London Hughes: To Catch a D*ck is a stand-up routine by the British comedian London Hughes. Largely about sex, Hughes recounts stories about her mother and grandmother having children at a young age, her career as an adult chat host and then a children's presenter, and her sexual experiences.

The show received critical acclaim at the 2019 Edinburgh Festival Fringe, with reviewers praising her energy, the humour in her stories, and commentary on gender roles and race. For her performance, Hughes became the first black nominee in the Edinburgh Comedy Award for Best Comedy Show. The routine was subsequently filmed as a Netflix special, with Kevin Hart serving as producer; Hughes moved from the U.K. to Los Angeles to film the special. It was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and released on 22 December 2020.

Edinburgh Comedy Awards
The Edinburgh Comedy Awards (formerly the Perrier Comedy Awards, and also briefly known by other names for sponsorship reasons) are presented to the comedy shows deemed to have been the best at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in Scotland. Established in 1981, they are the most prestigious comedy prize in the United Kingdom. The awards have been directed and produced by Nica Burns since 1984.
Developmental impact of child neglect in early childhood
Child neglect, often overlooked, is the most common form of child maltreatment.  Most perpetrators of child abuse and neglect are the parents themselves. A total of 79.4% of the perpetrators of abused and neglected children are the parents of the victims, and of those 79.4% parents, 61% exclusively neglect their children.  The physical, emotional, and cognitive developmental impacts from early childhood neglect can be detrimental, as the effects from the neglect can carry on into adulthood.

Child abuse
Child abuse (also called child endangerment or child maltreatment) is physical, sexual, emotional and/or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child, especially by a parent or a caregiver. Child abuse may include any act or failure to act by a parent or a caregiver that results in actual or potential wrongful harm to a child and can occur in a child's home, or in organizations, schools, or communities the child interacts with.

Different jurisdictions have different requirements for mandatory reporting and have developed different definitions of what constitutes child abuse, and therefore have different criteria to remove children from their families or to prosecute a criminal charge.
Kernel (set theory)
In set theory, the kernel of a function  (or equivalence kernel) may be taken to be either

the equivalence relation on the function's domain that roughly expresses the idea of "equivalent as far as the function  can tell", or

the corresponding partition of the domain.

An unrelated notion is that of the kernel of a non-empty family of sets  which by definition is the intersection of all its elements:
 
This definition is used in the theory of filters to classify them as being free or principal.

Filter on a set
In mathematics, a filter on a set is a family of subsets which is closed under supersets and finite intersections. The concept originates in topology, where the neighborhoods of a point form a filter on the space. Filters were introduced by Henri Cartan in 1937 and, as described in the article dedicated to filters in topology, they were subsequently used by Nicolas Bourbaki in their book Topologie Générale as an alternative to the related notion of a net developed in 1922 by E. H. Moore and Herman L. Smith. They have also found applications in model theory and set theory.

Filters on a set were later generalized to order filters. Specifically, a filter on a set  is an order filter on the power set of  ordered by inclusion.

The notion dual to a filter is an ideal. Ultrafilters are a particularly important subclass of filters.
Battle of Las Tres Acequias
The Battle of Les Tres Acequias, fought during the Chilean War of Independence, occurred near San Bernardo on 26 August 1814. The confrontation occurred between the two factions of Carrera and Bernardo O'Higgins, resulting in a defeat for O'Higgins that would in turn lead on to the defeat of the nationalists by the royalist forces at the battle of Rancagua a month later.

Battle of Rancagua
The Battle of Rancagua, also known in Chile as the Disaster of Rancagua, occurred on October 1, 1814, to October 2, 1814, when the Spanish Army under the command of Mariano Osorio defeated the Chilean forces led by Bernardo O’Higgins. This put an end to the Chilean Patria Vieja and it was the decisive step of the Spanish military Reconquest of Chile.