hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Deepwater Horizon explosion
On April 20, 2010, an explosion and fire occurred on the Deepwater Horizon semi-submersible mobile offshore drilling unit, which was owned and operated by Transocean and drilling for BP in the Macondo Prospect oil field about 40 miles (64 km) southeast off the Louisiana coast. The explosion and subsequent fire resulted in the sinking of the Deepwater Horizon and the deaths of 11 workers; 17 others were injured. The same blowout that caused the explosion also caused an oil well fire and a massive offshore oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, considered the largest accidental marine oil spill of all time, and the largest environmental disaster in United States history.

Macondo Prospect
The Macondo Prospect (Mississippi Canyon Block 252, abbreviated MC252) is an oil and gas prospect in the United States Exclusive Economic Zone of the Gulf of Mexico, off the coast of Louisiana. The prospect was the site of the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explosion in April 2010 that led to a major oil spill in the region from the first exploration well, named itself MC252-1 (nicknamed also Macondo-1), which had been designed to investigate the existence of the prospect.
Mister Venezuela 2003
Mister Venezuela 2003 was the seventh Mister Venezuela pageant. It was held at the Estudio 1 de Venevisión in Caracas, Venezuela on July 26, 2003.

At the end of the event, Daniel Navarrete of Vargas titled Andrés Mistage of Carabobo as Mister Venezuela 2003. He represented Venezuela at the Mister World 2003 pageant placing in the Top 10.

The runner-up position went to Jacinto Oropeza of Delta Amacuro.

Mister World 2003
Mister World 2003 was the 4th edition of the Mister World competition. It was held at the Brewery Hall in London, England on August 9, 2003. Ignacio Kliche of Uruguay crowned Gustavo Narciso Gianetti of Brazil at the end of the event.
ʽUlaysha Prison
ʽUlaysha Prison (also ʽUlaisha, Alisha, Olisha, سجن عليشة) is a prison in Riyadh run by the Saudi Arabian secret police agency Mabahith for arbitrary detention. During the 2011 Saudi Arabian protests, "the only brave man in Saudi Arabia", Khaled al-Johani, was held in 'Ulaysha Prison and it is suspected that several founding members of the Umma Islamic Party are being held there.

Arbitrary arrest and detention
Arbitrary arrest and detention is the arrest and detention of an individual in a case in which there is no likelihood or evidence that they committed a crime against legal statute, or in which there has been no proper due process of law or order. Arbitrary arrest and detention is similar to but legally distinct from wrongful detention, which is broader in scope and does not involve arrest.
Cebaracetam
Cebaracetam (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name; developmental code names CGS-25248; ZY-15119) is an experimental drug of the racetam group described as a nootropic which was never marketed.

It is a chlorinated acetylpiperazine-substituted analogue of phenylpiracetam and is also a derivative of RGPU-95 (4-chlorophenylpiracetam). It is the analogue of RGPU-95 in which the terminal amide group has been replaced with a piperazin-2-one moiety. The mechanism of action of cebaracetam is undefined or unknown.

The drug was under development by Novartis for the treatment of cognition disorders by the 1990s but development was discontinued in 1995. It reached phase 2 clinical trials prior to its discontinuation.

Piperazine
Piperazine (/paɪˈpɛrəziːn/) is an organic compound with the formula (CH2CH2NH)2. In terms of its structure, it can be described as cyclohexane with the 1- and 4-CH2 groups replaced by NH. Piperazine exists as a deliquescent solid with a saline taste. Piperazine is freely soluble in water and ethylene glycol, but poorly soluble in diethyl ether.  Piperazine is commonly available industrially as the hexahydrate, (CH2CH2NH)2·6H2O, which melts at 44 °C and boils at 125–130 °C.

Substituted derivatives of piperazine are a broad class of chemical compounds. Many piperazines have useful pharmacological properties, with prominent examples including sildenafil, ciprofloxacin, and ziprasidone.
Alexander Jerrems
Alexander Nicoll Jerrems (August 3, 1874 – September 21, 1948) was an American football player and coach. He played college football for the Yale Bulldogs football teams from 1893 to 1895 and coached the Minnesota Golden Gophers football teams from 1896 to 1897.

Minnesota Golden Gophers football
The Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represents the University of Minnesota in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Founded in 1882, Minnesota has been a member of the Big Ten Conference since its inception in 1896 as the Western Conference. The Golden Gophers claim seven national championships, including four (1936, 1940, 1941, and 1960) from the major wire-services: AP Poll and/or Coaches' Poll.

Since 2009, the Golden Gophers have played all their home games at Huntington Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The team is currently coached by P. J. Fleck.
Cory Bomberry
Cory Bomberry (born August 9, 1976) is an Iroquois former lacrosse player. He played most recently for the Rochester Knighthawks of the National Lacrosse League. He spent his career as an attacker.

Bomberry can be considered one of the most famous and most popular Iroquois lacrosse players. Although he spent most of his NLL career in Rochester, he also well known for his tenure in Buffalo. What's more, his goal on Feb. 18, 2006 against Minnesota, assisted by Bandits star John Tavares, helped Tavares to tie Gary Gait's then-existing NLL Career Points Record.

Buffalo Bandits
The Buffalo Bandits are an American professional box lacrosse team based in Buffalo, New York, that competes in the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The team plays its home games at KeyBank Center. The Bandits played in the Major Indoor Lacrosse League from 1992 to 1997, then in its successor the NLL since 1998. The Bandits are one of the oldest franchises in the league, behind the Oshawa FireWolves (which were founded in 1987 as the original Philadelphia Wings (1987–2014) franchise) and the Colorado Mammoth (which were founded in 1987 as the Baltimore Thunder). The Bandits are the oldest franchise still playing in their original city and are the most successful team in the league, holding the record for most league titles at 7.

The Bandits are owned by Hockey Western New York LLC, led by Terry Pegula who also owns the Rochester Americans, Buffalo Sabres and the Buffalo Bills.
Dom Bernard
Dominic Archie Bernard (born 29 March 1997) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for National League South club Weston-super-Mare.

Bernard began his football career with Birmingham City. He made his senior debut while on loan to Aldershot Town of the National League in 2018–19, and was released at the end of that season without having played senior football for Birmingham. He signed for Forest Green Rovers in July 2019, and left the club after their relegation from the Football League in 2024.

Bernard was born in Gloucester, England, and has represented the Republic of Ireland internationally at under-17 and under-18 levels.

Republic of Ireland national under-17 football team
The Republic of Ireland national under-17 football team, is the national under-17 football team of the Republic of Ireland and is controlled by the Football Association of Ireland and competes in the annual UEFA European Under-17 Championship and the biennial FIFA U-17 World Cup.
Midodrine
Midodrine, sold under the brand name Proamatine among others, is an antihypotensive medication used to treat orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure when standing) and urinary incontinence. It is taken by mouth.

Side effects of midodrine include hypertension (high blood pressure), paresthesia, itching (pruritus), goose bumps, chills, urinary urgency, urinary retention, and urinary frequency. Midodrine is a prodrug of its active metabolite desglymidodrine. This metabolite acts as a selective agonist of the α1-adrenergic receptor. This in turn results in vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure.

Midodrine was discovered by 1971 and was introduced for medical use in the United States in 1996.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
I Could Never Go Vegan
I Could Never Go Vegan is a 2024 British documentary film directed by Thomas Pickering, which explores the plant-based lifestyle and its impact on individuals and society. The film aims to address common misconceptions about veganism and provide a balanced view of the benefits and challenges associated with adopting a vegan diet.

Plant-based diet
A plant-based diet is a diet consisting mostly or entirely of plant-based foods. It encompasses a wide range of dietary patterns that contain low amounts of animal products and high amounts of fiber-rich plant products such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts, seeds, herbs and spices. Plant-based diets may also be vegan or vegetarian, but do not have to be, as they are defined in terms of high frequency of plants and low frequency of animal food consumption.
Vivek Vicky Patel
Vivek Vicky Patel is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is a Member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 2023, representing Waraseoni Assembly constituency as a Member of the Indian National Congress.

Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Madhya Pradesh Vidhan Sabha, or the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral state legislature of Madhya Pradesh state in India.

The seat of the Vidhan Sabha is at Bhopal, the capital of the state. It is housed in the Vidhan Bhavan, an imposing building located at the center of the Capital Complex in the Arera Hill locality of Bhopal city. The term of the Vidhan Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier. Presently, it comprises 230 members who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. 35
constituencies are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled castes and 47 are reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes.
Dietrich von Grüningen
Dietrich von Grüningen (or von Groeningen) (c. 1210 – 3 September 1259) was a Knights Templar, Landmeister in Livonia and Landmeister of Prussia and Deutschmeister of the Teutonic Order.  One of the most outstanding figures of the Teutonic Order in the 13th century.

Landmeister in Livland
Landmeister in Livland was a high office in the Teutonic Order. The Landmeister administered the province of the State of the Teutonic Order in Livonia (formally known as the Mastery of Livland, Meistertum Livland). 
The area of the province had belonged to the former crusading order of the Livonian Brothers of the Sword until 1237, when the remnants of the crusader order were incorporated into the Teutonic Order.

The seat of the Landmeister was the castle of Wenden. The Landmaster's office existed in Livonia until 1561, when in the wake of the Livonian War the last Landmeister Gotthard Kettler relinquished the northern parts of the Livonian Mastery and in the Union of Vilna secularized the part still left to him and, as the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, took fief from the Polish king and Grand Duke of Lithuania Sigismund II Augustus. The non-recognition of this act by Pope, Holy Roman Empire and the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order had no factual effect.
Antonio Ros de Olano
Antonio José Teodoro Ros de Olano y Perpiñá, 1st Marquess of Guad-el-Jelú, GE (9 November 1808 – 24 July 1886) was a Spanish writer, politician and military officer who served in the First Carlist War and the Spanish–Moroccan War.

Hispano-Moroccan War (1859–1860)
The Hispano-Moroccan War, also known as the Spanish–Moroccan War, the First Moroccan War, the Tetuán War, or, in Spain, as the War of Africa, was fought from Spain's declaration of war on Morocco on 22 October 1859 until the Treaty of Wad-Ras on 26 April 1860. It began with a conflict over the borders of the Spanish city of Ceuta and was fought in northern Morocco. Morocco sued for peace after the Spanish victory at the Battle of Tetuán.
Fluid Attacks
Fluid Attacks is an application security (AppSec) company founded in 2001 in Colombia. It specializes in security testing for software development companies through automated tools (SaaS) and penetration testing (PTaaS).

Security testing
Security testing is a process intended to detect flaws in the security mechanisms of an information system and as such help enable it to protect data and maintain functionality as intended. Due to the logical limitations of security testing, passing the security testing process is not an indication that no flaws exist or that the system adequately satisfies the security requirements.

Typical security requirements may include specific elements of confidentiality, integrity, authentication, availability, authorization and non-repudiation. Actual security requirements tested depend on the security requirements implemented by the system. Security testing as a term has a number of different meanings and can be completed in a number of different ways. As such, a Security Taxonomy helps us to understand these different approaches and meanings by providing a base level to work from.
Manuel Alberti
Manuel Maximiliano Alberti (28 May 1763 – 31 January 1811) was an Argentine priest from Buenos Aires when the city was part of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. He had a curacy at Maldonado, Uruguay during the British invasions of the River Plate, and returned to Buenos Aires in time to take part in the May Revolution of 1810. He was chosen as one of the seven members of the Primera Junta, considered the first national government of Argentina. Alberti supported most of the proposals of Mariano Moreno and worked at the Gazeta de Buenos Ayres newspaper. Internal disputes among Junta members had a negative effect on Alberti's health, and he died of a heart attack in 1811.

Maldonado, Uruguay
Maldonado (Spanish pronunciation: [maldoˈnaðo]) is the capital city of Maldonado Department, in eastern Uruguay. According to the 2023 Census, it is the fourth most populated city in the country, with about 102 thousand inhabitants. However, together with the cities of Punta del Este and San Carlos it makes up a conurbation with a population of over 135 thousand inhabitants.
2005 FINA Men's World Water Polo Championship Qualifier
The 2005 FINA Men's World Water Polo Championship Qualifier was a tournament to decide the remaining three competing nations from Europe for the eleventh edition of FINA Men's World Water Polo Championship, held in Montreal, Canada later that year. The event was staged in Imperia, Italy from January 4 to January 9, 2005.

Water polo at the 2005 World Aquatics Championships – Men's tournament
The 2005 Men's World Water Polo Championship was the eleventh edition of the men's water polo tournament at the World Aquatics Championships, organised by the world governing body in aquatics, the FINA. The tournament was held in a temporary pool on Île Sainte-Hélène from 18 to 30 July 2005, and was incorporated into the 2005 World Aquatics Championships in Montréal, Canada.
Castlelost Castle
Castlelost Castle (Irish: Caisleán Loiste, meaning 'castle of the losset') is a ruined motte-and-bailey castle located in the townland of Castlelost, just north of Rochfortbridge in County Westmeath, Ireland. The castle dates to the Norman invasion of Ireland, with some sources dating its construction to the late 12th century and associating it with Hugh Tyrrel (died 1199). The castle remained within the Tyrrel family through the 16th century. During the 17th century, the castle and surrounding lands were lost by the Tyrrels during the Irish Rebellion of 1641 and subsequent Cromwellian conquest of Ireland.The only visible features still on the site are the ruined tower house as well as a small nearby motte. The castle, its motte and the remnants of a nearby bailey (courtyard) are listed on the Record of Monuments and Places for County Westmeath.

Motte-and-bailey castle
A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a walled courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the Low Countries it controlled, in the 11th century, when these castles were popularized in the area that became the Netherlands. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
Michael Dinwiddie
Michael D. Dinwiddie (December 13, 1954 – July 4, 2025) was an American playwright, academic, composer and scholar of Black theater. In addition to his own work and contribution to Black literature and theatre, he led major efforts which led to New York University commemorating the African Grove Theater as part of a new building opening in 2023.

African Grove
The African Grove Theatre opened in New York City in 1821. It was founded and operated by William Alexander Brown, a free black man from the West Indies. It opened six years before the final abolition of slavery in New York state (gradual abolition brought it to an end in 1827, but young people born to slave mothers had to serve apprenticeships to age 21). The African Grove Theatre was attended by "all types of black New Yorkers -- free and slave, middle-class and working-class" along with others. It was the first place where Ira Aldridge, who would later become an esteemed and renowned Shakespearian actor, first saw a production of a Shakespeare play.
Port security
Port security is part of a broader definition concerning maritime security. It refers to the defense, law and treaty enforcement, and Counterterrorism activities that fall within the port and maritime domain. It includes the protection of the seaports themselves and the protection and inspection of the cargo moving through the ports. Security risks related to ports often focus on either the physical security of the port, or security risks within the maritime supply chain.

Internationally, port security is governed by rules issued by the International Maritime Organization and its 2002 International Ship and Port Facility Security Code.  Additionally, some United States–based programs have become de facto global port security programs, including the Container Security Initiative and the Customs Trade Partnership against Terrorism. However, some businesses argue that port security governance measures are ineffective and costly and that it negatively impacts maritime transport costs.

Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism
The Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT or CTPAT) is a voluntary supply-chain security program led by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) focused on improving the security of private companies' supply chains with respect to terrorism.  The program was launched in November 2001 with seven initial participants, all large U.S. companies.  As of December 1, 2014, the program had 10,854 members. The 4,315 importers in the program account for approximately 54% of the value of all merchandise imported into the U.S.

Companies who achieve C-TPAT certification must have a documented process for determining and alleviating risk throughout their international supply chain. This allows companies to be considered low risk, resulting in expedited processing of their cargo, including fewer customs examinations.
Marius and Jeannette
Marius and Jeannette (French: Marius et Jeannette) is a 1997 French film directed by Robert Guédiguian. It won the Louis Delluc Prize and the César Award for Best Actress, and received César nominations for Best Film, Best Director, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Most Promising Actress and Best Original Screenplay or Adaptation. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival.

César Award for Best Actress
The César Award for Best Actress (French: César de la meilleure actrice) is one of the César Awards, presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding performance in a leading role of an actress who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie.
Johan Wrede
Johan Otto Wilhelm Wrede (born 18 October 1935) is a Finnish literary historian.

He was born in Helsinki. He earned his doctorate in 1965 and worked for three years for the Humanist Commission. In 1968 he became a docent of Swedish literature at the University of Helsinki, advancing to professor in 1969 and serving until 1995. Among his academic specialties were J. L. Runeberg.

Wrede served as vice prorector of the University of Helsinki from 1983 to 1989, and was a board member of the Society of Swedish Literature in Finland from 1967 to 2000, the last eight years as chairman. He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. He was awarded the Swedish Academy Finland Prize in 1991.

Society of Swedish Literature in Finland
The Society of Swedish Literature in Finland (Swedish: Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland r.f.; abbr. SLS) is a scholarly society for the collection, archiving and dissemination of knowledge about Finland-Swedish culture. SLS publishes scholarly literature, maintains archives and libraries, funds research and awards literary and scholarly prizes and scholarships. SLS's activity is made possible by private donations. SLS is one of the largest managers of private charitable funds in Finland.
Rida Erlalelitepe
Rida Erlalelitepe (born 22 July 1996) is a Turkish volleyball player. She is 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) tall at 70 kg (150 lb), and plays in the Outside Hitterr position for Çanakkale Bld. SK. She was a member of the Turkey national team.

Turkey women's national volleyball team
The Turkey women's national volleyball team (Turkish: Türkiye Kadın Voleybol Milli Takımı) is formed by the Turkish Volleyball Federation (TVF) and represents Turkey in international CEV and FIVB organizations.

The team is the most successful national sports team in the country and has been nicknamed "Filenin Sultanları" (English: Sultans of the Net) since the 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship hosted in Ankara, Turkey. As of 8 September 2025, the team is ranked third in the FIVB World Rankings. Daniele Santarelli is the head coach of the team.