hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ludvig Hektoen
Ludvig Hektoen (July 2, 1863 – July 5, 1951) was an American pathologist known for his work in the fields of pathology, microbiology and immunology.  Hektoen was appointed to the National Academy of Sciences in 1918, and served as president of many professional societies, including the  American Association of Immunologists in 1927  and the American Society for Microbiology in 1929. He was the founding editor of the Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine in 1926 and edited several other medical journals. He was knighted to the Order of St. Olav in 1929, and in 1933, he became professor emeritus of pathology at the University of Chicago. The Hektoen Institute for Medical Research—formerly the John McCormick Institute of Infectious Diseases—now bears his name.

American Society for Microbiology
The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), originally the Society of American Bacteriologists, is a professional organization for scientists who study viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa as well as other aspects of microbiology. It was founded in 1899. The Society publishes a variety of scientific journals, textbooks, and other educational materials related to microbiology and infectious diseases. ASM organizes annual meetings, as well as workshops and professional development opportunities for its members.
Licentiate
A licentiate (abbreviated Lic.) is an academic degree awarded in many countries, by a variety of types of educational (usually tertiary) institutions, after a variety of courses of study.  It can represent completion of study at different educational levels, in Europe it is commonly for postgraduate studies program.

The ecclesiastical licentiate is also a postgraduate degree preparatory to a ecclesiastical doctoral degree when issued by pontifical universities and certain other universities in Europe. The ecclesiastical licentiate in the civil system is considered similar to the coursework and exams of a Doctor of Philosophy program.

The term is also used for a person who holds this degree.

Licentiate (ecclesiastical degree)
Licentiate is the second cycle of ecclesiastical academic degrees conferred by pontifical universities and ecclesiastical faculties under the authority of the Holy See. Positioned between the ecclesiastical Baccalaureate and Doctorate, the Licentiate serves both academic and canonical functions within the Roman Catholic Church, preparing graduates for teaching and specialized roles in biblical studies, theology, canon law, and philosophy. The typical duration of coursework for a licentiate degree is three to four years, culminating in the completion of a thesis. In the civil system, the licentiate would be considered similar to the coursework and exams of a Doctor of Philosophy program.
Bill Edmonds
William Frederick Edmonds (23 October 1903 – 24 November 1968) was an Australian politician and trade unionist from Queensland. He served briefly as state president of Australian Workers' Union (AWU) before his election to the House of Representatives at the 1946 federal election. He represented the Australian Labor Party (ALP) in the seat of Herbert until his defeat in 1958.

1958 Australian federal election
A federal election was held in Australia on 22 November 1958. All 122 seats in the House of Representatives and 32 of the 60 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Liberal–Country coalition led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies defeated the opposition Labor Party, led by H. V. Evatt.
Möslestadion
The Möslestadion is a football stadium in Freiburg im Breisgau. The stadium used to be home to the Freiburger FC. Today it is used by the second men's team and the Freiburg soccer school of the SC Freiburg. Since the 2008/09 season, the stadium has also been used for the SC Freiburg women's team.

The stadium can hold about 5,400 spectators. A standing section wraps around the south, east, and west sides of the pitch, and a second standing section is located on the north side. Above the standing section to the south of the pitch are 1000 sheltered seats. The standing sections on the east and west sides behind the goals are closed.

SC Freiburg
Sport-Club Freiburg e.V., commonly known as SC Freiburg (German pronunciation: [ʔɛs ˈtseː ˈfʁaɪbʊɐ̯k]), is a German professional football club, based in the city of Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg. It plays in the Bundesliga, having been promoted as champions from the 2. Bundesliga in 2016.

Between 1954 and 2021, Freiburg's stadium was the Dreisamstadion; the club moved to the newly built Europa-Park Stadion in 2021.
Pedro Rocha (Spanish businessman)
Pedro Rocha Junco (born 16 October 1954) is a Spanish businessman and sports manager. He was the president of the Royal Spanish Football Federation from 26 April 2024, after Luis Rubiales was disqualified by FIFA for his kiss to Jenni Hermoso, to 16 July 2024, when he was disqualified by the Sports Administrative Court (TAD).

Luis Rubiales
Luis Manuel Rubiales Béjar (born 23 August 1977) is a former Spanish football official and professional player who played as a defender, appearing in 53 La Liga matches over three seasons. He was the president of the Royal Spanish Football Federation (RFEF) and one of UEFA's vice-presidents. On 10 September 2023, Rubiales resigned from his post in the wake of a scandal involving Jenni Hermoso at the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup final award ceremony. He is banned from all football activities for three years. On 3 April 2024, Rubiales was arrested in Madrid as part of a corruption investigation about the relocation of the Spanish Super Cup to Saudi Arabia.
Mount Rider
Mount Rider is a mountain in the municipality of Frontenac, in Le Granit Regional County Municipality, Estrie, in Quebec, in Canada. This mount is part of the Appalachian Mountains; its altitude is 660 meters (2,170 ft).

Frontenac, Quebec
Frontenac (French pronunciation: [fʁɔ̃tnak]) is a municipality in Le Granit Regional County Municipality in Estrie, Quebec, Canada, on the Canada–United States border. Its population was 1,650 as of the Canada 2011 Census.
Workers' Front (Croatia)
The Workers' Front (Croatian: Radnička fronta, RF) is a democratic socialist and progressive political party in Croatia. Formed in May 2014 as a political initiative of workers, trade unionists, unemployed, and students in Croatia, it supports anti-clericalism, anti-fascism, antimilitarism, eco-socialism, labour rights, progressivism, and socialist feminism. Some left-libertarian and Trotskyist (International Socialist Alternative) critics characterize it as left-wing populist in the mold of Podemos and SYRIZA.

The RF is a full member of the Party of the European Left. It also cooperates closely with other left-wing political parties and organizations in the countries of former Yugoslavia, such as The Left in Slovenia and The Left in North Macedonia.

Anti-clericalism
Anti-clericalism is opposition to religious authority, typically in social or political matters. Historically, anti-clericalism in Christian traditions has been opposed to the influence of Catholicism.

Some have opposed clergy on the basis of moral corruption, institutional issues and/or disagreements in religious interpretation, such as during the Protestant Reformation. Anti-clericalism became extremely violent during the French Revolution, because revolutionaries claimed the church played a pivotal role in the systems of oppression which led to it. Many clerics were killed, and French revolutionary governments tried to put priests under the control of the state by making them employees.

Anti-clericalism appeared in Catholic Europe throughout the 19th century, in various forms, and later in Canada, Cuba, and Latin America.
Ramjit Raghav
Ramjit Raghav (1916 – 11 February 2020) was an Indian man who was claimed by various media outlets as the world's oldest father. He resided in Haryana with his wife. He claimed to have had his first child with his wife at age 94. He fathered a second child at age 96. A vegetarian who claimed to engage in sexual intercourse around three times a day, Raghav was chosen to be an ambassador for People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) in November 2012.

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA; /ˈpiːtə/ PEE-tə; styled PeTA) is an American animal rights nonprofit organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and originally led by Ingrid Newkirk, its co-founder.

Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first gained attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case. The organization opposes factory farming, fur farming, animal testing, and other activities it considers to be exploitation of animals.

The organization's controversial campaigns have been credited with drawing media attention to animal rights issues, but have also been widely criticized for their disruptive nature. Its use of euthanasia has resulted in legal action and a response from Virginia lawmakers.
Jovana Rapport
Jovana Rapport (née Vojinović; born 18 February 1992) is a Serbian chess player who has represented Hungary since 2024. She holds the title of Woman Grandmaster (WGM), which FIDE awarded her in 2009. She is a two-time Montenegrin women's champion (2009, 2010) and also a Serbian women's champion (2014).

Serbian Chess Championship
The Serbian Chess Championship is held by the Serbian Chess Association.

The first championships were played in 1935 and until 1991 they were the Yugoslav Chess Championship.  In 1992 FR Yugoslavia was formed, which changed its name to Serbia and Montenegro in 2003, and the Serbia and Montenegro Chess Championship was played until 2006, when Montenegro left the state union and a Serbian and Montenegrin separate championships were formed.
Mortlach Parish Church
Mortlach Parish Church is a church within the Church of Scotland serving the parish of Mortlach, in Moray, close to the village of Dufftown. The site of the church has long been associated with Christianity, going back perhaps as far as 566 when St Moluag is said to have founded a religious community there. A Class II Pictish stone, dating from between the seventh and ninth centuries, was discovered there, which can now be seen in the burial ground. There was a bishopric on the site in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, prior to it being moved to Aberdeen in the reign of King David I. The current church retains some of the fabric of a thirteenth-century structure, which has been repeatedly remodelled in the centuries that followed, most recently in 1931. The church, along with the surrounding burial ground and a watch house within the grounds, has been designated a Category A listed building.

Pictish stone
A Pictish stone is a type of monumental stele, generally carved or incised with symbols or designs. A few have ogham inscriptions. Located in Scotland, mostly north of the Clyde-Forth line and on the Eastern side of the country, these stones are the most visible remaining evidence of the Picts and are thought to date from the 6th to 9th century, a period during which the Picts became Christianized.  The earlier stones have no parallels from the rest of the British Isles, but the later forms are variations within a wider Insular tradition of monumental stones such as high crosses.  About 350 objects classified as Pictish stones have survived, the earlier examples of which holding by far the greatest number of surviving examples of the mysterious symbols, which have long intrigued scholars.
Diane Dodds
Diane Jean Dodds, Baroness Dodds of Duncairn, MLA (born 16 August 1958), is a Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) politician in Northern Ireland. She served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Northern Ireland constituency from 2009 to 2020. She previously sat in the Northern Ireland Assembly from 2003 to 2007 as MLA for West Belfast. In 2020, Dodds returned to the Assembly as MLA for Upper Bann and is the DUP's Spokesperson for Education and Skills. She is married to Lord Dodds of Duncairn, and as such she is styled as "The Right Honourable The Lady Dodds of Duncairn".

Northern Ireland (European Parliament constituency)
Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann [ˈt̪ˠuəʃcəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ⓘ; Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann) was a constituency of the European Parliament from 1979 until the UK exit from the European Union on 31 January 2020. It elected three MEPs using the single transferable vote, making it the only constituency in the United Kingdom which did not use first-past-the-post or party-list proportional representation.
Phenolic content in tea
The phenolic content in tea refers to the phenols and polyphenols, natural plant compounds which are found in tea.  These chemical compounds affect the flavor and mouthfeel of tea. Polyphenols in tea include catechins, theaflavins, tannins, and flavonoids.

Polyphenols found in green tea include, but are not limited to, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, and epicatechin; flavanols such as kaempferol, quercetin, and myricitin are also found in green tea.

Flavan-3-ol
Flavan-3-ols (sometimes referred to as flavanols) are a subgroup of flavonoids. They are derivatives of flavans that possess a 2-phenyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-3-ol skeleton. Flavan-3-ols are structurally diverse and include a range of compounds, such as catechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, proanthocyanidins, theaflavins, thearubigins. They play a part in plant defense and are present in the majority of plants.
Constant (surname)
Constant is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benjamin Constant (1767–1830), Swiss-born thinker, writer and French politician

Benjamin Constant (Brazil) (1836–1891), Brazilian military man and political thinker

David Constant (born 1941), English cricket umpire

Edward Constant II (born c. 1942), American historian

Emmanuel Constant (bishop) (1928–2009), Roman Catholic Haitian bishop

Emmanuel Constant (born 1956), Haitian criminal

Eugen Constant (1890–1975), Romanian writer and trade unionist

Eugène Constant (1901–1970), French rower

F. Woodbridge Constant (1904–1988), American physicist

Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant, (1845–1902), French painter

Kevin Constant (born 1987), Guinean footballer

Marius Constant (1925–2004), Romanian-born French composer

Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant (1852–1924), French diplomat and politician

Pete Constant (born 1963), American politician

Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant
Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant (also known as Benjamin-Constant), born Jean-Joseph Constant (10 June 1845 – 26 May 1902), was a French painter and etcher best known for his Oriental subjects and portraits.
Ray Tenorio
Raymond Stanley Tenorio (born February 8, 1965) is an American-Guamanian politician and former police officer of the Guam Police Department who served as the ninth lieutenant governor of Guam from January 3, 2011, to January 7, 2019. Tenorio is a Republican and served as a Senator in the Legislature of Guam from January 6, 2003, until January 3, 2011. He unsuccessfully ran for governor of Guam, losing to Democrat Lou Leon Guerrero in the 2018 gubernatorial election.

Lieutenant Governor of Guam
The Guamanian self-governing government consists of a locally elected governor, lieutenant governor and a fifteen-member Legislature. The first popular election for governor and lieutenant governor took place in 1970.  The current lieutenant governor is Josh Tenorio, who has been in office since January 7, 2019.
Troy Trojans men's tennis
The Troy Trojans men's tennis team represents Troy University in NCAA Division I college tennis. The team belongs to the Sun Belt Conference and plays home matches at the Jimmy Lunsford Tennis Complex. The Trojans are currently led by head coach Rolando Vargas.

Intercollegiate Tennis Association
The Intercollegiate Tennis Association (ITA) is the governing body and coaches' association of United States college tennis, both an advocate and authority, overseeing men's and women's varsity tennis at all levels – NCAA Division I, NCAA Division II, NCAA Division III, NAIA, and Junior/Community College. The ITA headquarters are located in Tempe, Arizona, with the Men's Hall of Fame located at the University of Georgia and the Women's Hall of Fame located at the College of William & Mary.
Noel Bergin
Noel Bergin is an Irish retired hurler who played as a goalkeeper for the Offaly senior team.

Born in Clareen, County Offaly, Bergin first played competitive hurling in his youth.He was on the 1978 Offaly U21 team that won the counties first Leinster title at that grade scoring 2 points in the final. He made his senior debut with Offaly during the 1980 championship and was sub goalkeeper for much of his career. During that time he won two Leinster medals as a non-playing substitute.

At club level Bergin is a four-time championship with Seir Kieran.

His retirement came during the 1984 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship.

1984 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1984 was the 98th series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Cork won the championship, beating Offaly 3–16 to 1–12 in the centenary year final at Semple Stadium, Thurles.
Lars Klingbeil
Lars Klingbeil (German: [ˈlaʁs ˈklɪŋbaɪl]; born 23 February 1978) is a German politician who has been serving as the Vice Chancellor of Germany and Federal Minister of Finance since 6 May 2025. A member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), he has served as the SPD's Co-leader since 2021, together with Saskia Esken (2021–2025) and Bärbel Bas (since 2025).

Klingbeil was the General Secretary of the SPD from December 2017 to December 2021. Since 2001 he has been a member of the City Council of Munster and a member of the District Council of Heide. He was a Member of the Bundestag for about nine months in 2005, and has been a member again since the 2009 Federal Election. From 2003 till 2007, Klingbeil was the Deputy Leader of the Jusos, SPD's youth wing. Klingbeil is a member of the Seeheim Circle, the more economically right-leaning faction of the SPD.

2009 German federal election
A federal election was held in Germany on 27 September 2009 to elect the members of the 17th Bundestag.

The Christian Democratic Union (CDU), its Bavarian sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU), and the Free Democratic Party (FDP) won the election, and the three parties formed a new centre-right government with Angela Merkel as chancellor. While CDU/CSU's share of votes decreased slightly, it was more than compensated by the gains of their "desired coalition partner", the liberal FDP, that won the strongest result in its history.

CDU and CSU's former partner in the "Grand coalition", the Social Democratic Party (SPD) led by Frank-Walter Steinmeier, conceded defeat after dropping by more than 11 percentage points, receiving its hitherto worst result since the end of the Second World War (only undercut in 2017 and 2025). At 70.8 percent, the voter turnout was the lowest in a German federal election since 1949.
BSC Kickers 1900
BSC Kickers 1900 is a German football club from the Schöneberg district of south central Berlin. The roots of the club are in the establishment of Berliner Thor- und Fußball Club Elf on 1 November 1900. This was followed by a series of mergers that led to the formation of Schöneberger FC Kickers 1900 in 1923 and the club's advance to first division play in the Oberliga Berlin-Brandenburg (I).

Oberliga Berlin-Brandenburg
The Oberliga Berlin-Brandenburg, also known as the  VBB-Oberliga, was the highest association football competition in the Prussian Province of Brandenburg, including Berlin, from 1923 to 1933. The competition was disbanded in 1933 with the rise of the Nazis to power.
Show Me the Money 5
The fifth season of the series Show Me the Money, known as Show Me the Money 5 (also referred to as SMTM5), premiered on May 6, 2016 and ended July 15, 2016. It is on broadcast every Friday at 23:00 KST on Mnet.

Mnet's fifth season of SMTM features YG Entertainment judges Kush and Zion.T, Dok2 and The Quiett from Illionaire Records, AOMG co-CEO Simon Dominic and producer Gray, and judges Mad Clown and Gill of Leessang. A record-breaking number of 9,000 contestants auditioned this season.

The process of SMTM5 was similar to that of Show Me the Money 4 with open auditions where contestants were asked for an a cappella rap, but for the first time LA auditions were also held in addition to the traditional audition in Seoul. American rapper Timbaland was a guest judge during Round 2 of the LA auditions.

YG Entertainment
YG Entertainment (Korean: YG 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1996 by Yang Hyun-suk. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. In addition, the company operates a number of subsidiary ventures under a separate public traded company, YG Plus, which includes a clothing line, a golf management agency, and a cosmetics brand. However, despite various business expansions, most of the ventures were discontinued due to a lack of profitability.

Current artists include Eun Ji-won, Winner, Blackpink, Treasure, and Babymonster.

Former artists include Swi.T, Moogadang, Wheesung, 1TYM, Big Mama, Gummy, Seven, Nam Tae-hyun, 2NE1, Psy, Epik High, One, Lee Hi, Jinusean, Bang Yedam, Mashiho, iKon, Jisoo, Jennie, Rosé, Lisa, BigBang, Sechs Kies, and AKMU.
Bristol and Exeter Railway locomotives
The Bristol and Exeter Railway locomotives worked trains on the Bristol and Exeter Railway from 1 May 1849 until the railway was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway on 1 January 1876.

The Great Western Railway had leased the Bristol and Exeter Railway from its opening and provided the locomotives up until 1849.

The Bristol and Exeter Railway in turn provided the broad gauge locomotive power on most of the railways with which it had junctions:

Bristol and Portishead Port and Pier Railway

Somerset Central Railway

West Somerset Railway and Minehead Railway

Devon and Somerset Railway

Exeter and Crediton Railway

Bristol and Exeter Railway 4-4-0ST locomotives
The 26 Bristol and Exeter Railway 4-4-0ST locomotives were broad gauge 4-4-0ST steam locomotives. They first entered service in 1855 and the last was withdrawn in 1892. The Bristol and Exeter Railway was amalgamated into the Great Western Railway on 1 January 1876.

The locomotives were built in four batches, each by a different builder, with variations between them, noticeably in the size of the saddle tank.
Luv Kush
Luv Kush (originally called Uttar Ramayan) is an Indian television series that ran from 1988 to 1989. It was created, written, produced, and directed by Ramanand Sagar. It is a follow-up Ramayan, featuring mostly the same cast and production crew. Luv Kush covers the last book — the Uttarakāṇḍa — of the ancient Indian epic Ramayana, following Rama's coronation, especially focusing on his children, twins Kusha and Lava.

Amid the Coronavirus lockdown, all 39 episodes of this show were re-telecasted on DD National channel following Ramayan from 19 April 2020 to 2 May 2020.

Lava (Ramayana)
Lava (Sanskrit: लव, IAST: Lava) and his elder twin brother Kusha, are the children of Rama and Sita in Hindu texts. Their story is recounted in the Hindu epic, Ramayana and its other versions. He is said to have a whitish golden complexion like their mother, while Kusha had a blackish complexion like  father.