hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Newton–Gauss line
In geometry, the Newton–Gauss line (or Gauss–Newton line) is the line joining the midpoints of the three diagonals of a complete quadrilateral.

The midpoints of the two diagonals of a convex quadrilateral with at most two parallel sides are distinct and thus determine a line, the Newton line. If the sides of such a quadrilateral are extended to form a complete quadrangle, the diagonals of the quadrilateral remain diagonals of the complete quadrangle and the Newton line of the quadrilateral is the Newton–Gauss line of the complete quadrangle.

Quadrilateral
In  geometry  a quadrilateral is a four-sided polygon, having four edges (sides) and four corners (vertices). The word is derived from the Latin words quadri, a variant of four, and latus, meaning "side". It is also called a tetragon, derived from Greek "tetra" meaning "four" and "gon" meaning "corner" or "angle", in analogy to other polygons (e.g. pentagon). Since "gon" means "angle", it is analogously called a quadrangle, or 4-angle. A quadrilateral with vertices , ,  and  is sometimes denoted as .

Quadrilaterals are either simple (not self-intersecting), or complex (self-intersecting, or crossed). Simple quadrilaterals are either convex or concave.

The interior angles of a simple (and planar) quadrilateral ABCD add up to 360 degrees, that is

This is a special case of the n-gon interior angle sum formula: S = (n − 2) × 180° (here, n=4).

All non-self-crossing quadrilaterals tile the plane, by repeated rotation around the midpoints of their edges.
Chris de Ronde
Chris (Christiaan) de Ronde (1912 in Schiedam – 1996 in Buenos Aires) was a Dutch–Argentinian chess master.

He was a champion of Rotterdam. He had studied mathematics in Leyden and Paris.

De Ronde played for the Netherlands in the 8th Chess Olympiad at Buenos Aires 1939, scoring 8½ in his 14 games.
After the tournament, during which World War II broke out in Europe (September 1939), De Ronde, along with many other participants of the Olympiad (Miguel Najdorf, Gideon Ståhlberg, et al.) decided to stay permanently in Argentina.

He played in Buenos Aires in 1940, and tied for 12-13th at Buenos Aires (Circulo) 1945 (Miguel Najdorf won).

Miguel Najdorf
Miguel Najdorf (/naɪdɔːrf/ NY-dorf; born Mojsze Mendel Najdorf; 15 April 1910 – 4 July 1997) was a Polish-Argentine chess grandmaster. Originally from Poland, he was in Argentina when World War II began in 1939, and he stayed and settled there. He was a leading world player in the 1940s and 1950s, and is also known for the Najdorf Variation, one of the most popular chess openings.
Herbert Kelly
Herbert Hamilton Kelly SSM (18 July 1860 – 31 October 1950), a priest of the Church of England, was the founder of the Society of the Sacred Mission (SSM), an Anglican religious order. As a theologian, Kelly was influenced initially by Charles Kingsley and to more lasting effect by the writings of Frederick Denison Maurice,one of the founders of Christian socialism.

Between 1913 and 1919, Kelly served at the invitation of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel and the Bishops of the Nippon Sei Ko Kai as Professor of Apologetics at the Anglican Central Theological College, Tokyo, Japan.During Kelly's years in Japan, he travelled to visit church communities in Brisbane, Manila and Korea.

F. D. Maurice
John Frederick Denison Maurice (29 August 1805 – 1 April 1872), commonly known as F. D. Maurice, was an English Anglican priest and theologian. He was a prolific author and one of the founders of Christian socialism. Since the Second World War, interest in Maurice has expanded.
Tommy Anthony
Tommy Anthony (born August 17, 1965) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, arranger, and producer.  He has released three studio albums. His single "I Don't Know You Anymore" charted in the top 40. In 2012, he won an El Premio ASCAP Award for composing the 2011 World Cup theme song. He was a featured performer at the Billboard Latin Music Conference and ASCAP's "Best Kept Secrets".

He is perhaps best known for his extensive work as a guitarist and vocalist for Santana, Gloria Estefan, and Jon Secada. He has toured and recorded with Steve Winwood, Shakira, Carole King, Celine Dion, Ricky Martin, and Enrique Iglesias.

Jon Secada
Juan Francisco Secada Ramírez (born October 4, 1961), better known as Jon Secada, is a Cuban-born American singer. He has won two Grammy Awards and sold 15 million records, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists. His music fuses funk, soul music, pop, and Latin percussion.

Secada has written songs for Gloria Estefan, Ricky Martin, and Jennifer Lopez. He has toured with Luciano Pavarotti and recorded duets with Jim Brickman, Olivia Newton-John, and Frank Sinatra.

Secada has performed several times at A Capitol Fourth, an annual Independence Day concert from the United States Capitol.
Khajaguda Talab
Khajaguda Talab, also known as Pedda Cheruvu is a small lake in Ranga Reddy District in the Indian state of Telangana and on the western edge of the city of Hyderabad, in the suburb of Manikonda, in the middle of Khajaguda area. It is situated near to Engineering Staff College of India and CARE Hospitals. DSR The First, a residential Apartment is located near the eastern edge of this lake. Khajaguda Talab is one of the few lakes in the twin cities which is linear in shape.

Lakes in Hyderabad
The Indian city of Hyderabad was known as City of Lakes. Some of these lakes are natural and various are man made bodies. As per various sources only a few decades back, Hyderabad had a large number of water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers, streams, aquaculture ponds, tanks, etc (as per some sources between 3000 and 7000 including natural and manmade bodies. Locally known as cheruvu, kunta, tanks ).

Most of these lakes and tanks were built during the regime of Qutub Shah in 16th and 17th century and later by Nizams as a source of drinking water for the residents of Hyderabad.

As of 2025, the Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority currently keeps record of 2959 lakes in the Hyderabad metropolitan area and 27 lakes in the city of hyderabad.
Qinghai Provincial People's Government
The Qinghai Provincial People's Government is the local administrative agency of Qinghai. It is officially elected by the Qinghai Provincial People's Congress and is formally responsible to the Qinghai Provincial People's Congress and its Standing Committee. Under the country's one-party system, the governor is subordinate to the secretary of the Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. The Provincial government is headed by a governor, currently Luo Dongchuan.

Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party is the provincial committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in Qinghai, China, and the province's top authority. The CCP committee secretary is the highest ranking post in the province.
Phaedrolosaurus
Phaedrolosaurus (meaning "elated lizard") is a dubious genus of coelurosaurian (perhaps dromaeosaurid) theropod dinosaur, based on an isolated and non-diagnostic tooth from the Early Cretaceous Lianmuqin Formation of Wuerho, in the autonomous region of Xinjiang, China.

Coelurosauria
Coelurosauria from Greek κοῖλος (koîlos, "hollow") + οὐρά (ourá, "tail") + σαύρα (saúra, "lizard") +‎ -ia, meaning "hollow-tailed lizards", is the clade containing all theropod dinosaurs more closely related to birds than to carnosaurs.

Coelurosauria is a subgroup of theropod dinosaurs that includes compsognathids, tyrannosauroids, ornithomimosaurs, maniraptorans, and over the recent years, megaraptorans (although their position within the clade is unclear). Maniraptora includes birds, the only known dinosaur group alive today. In the past, Coelurosauria was used to refer to all small theropods, but this classification has since been amended.

Most feathered dinosaurs discovered so far have been coelurosaurs. Philip J. Currie had considered it likely and probable that all coelurosaurs were feathered. However, several skin impressions found for some members of this group show pebbly, scaly skin, indicating that feathers did not completely replace scales in all taxa.
First Nations Lacrosse Association
First Nations Lacrosse Association (FNLA; formerly Iroquois Lacrosse Association) is a member of Lacrosse Canada with associations in both Canada and the United States centred in Native American Communities.

In addition to youth associations, the FNLA also sanctions three men's box lacrosse leagues: Can-Am Senior B Lacrosse League, Three Nations Senior Lacrosse League, and First Nations Junior B Lacrosse League.

The FNLA does not oversee the five Haudenosaunee Nationals international teams, the Haudenosaunee men's national lacrosse team, the Haudenosaunee men's national under-19 lacrosse team, the Haudenosaunee women's national lacrosse team, the Haudenosaunee women's national under-19 lacrosse team, and the Haudenosaunee national indoor lacrosse team. These teams are recognized by World Lacrosse for international competition, making them the only indigenous peoples' national teams sanctioned in any sport.

Lacrosse Canada
Lacrosse Canada (French: Crosse Canada), formerly the Canadian Lacrosse Association, founded in 1867, is the governing body of lacrosse in Canada. It conducts national junior and senior championship tournaments for men and women in both field and box lacrosse. There are five national teams that compete in World Lacrosse championships on a four-year cycle.
Sergey Lugansky
Sergey Danilovich Lugansky (Russian: Сергей Данилович Луганский; 1 October 1918 – 16 January 1977) was a flying ace in the Soviet Air Forces during the Second World War who was twice awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for having gained at least 34 solo shootdowns during the war. A resident of the Kazakh SSR, he was close friends with Talgat Bigeldinov.

Talgat Bigeldinov
Talgat Jakypbekuly Bigeldinov (Kazakh: Талғат Жақыпбекұлы Бигелдинов, romanized: Talğat Jaqypbekūly Bigeldinov, Russian: Талгат Якубекович Бегельдинов) was a ground-attack pilot during the Second World War and the only Kazakh who was twice awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. He remained in the military after the war and reached the rank of lieutenant colonel before he transferred to the reserve. After Kazakhstan became independent from the Soviet Union he was promoted to the rank of Major-General.
Diplodus sargus
Diplodus sargus, the sargo, common white seabream, or white seabream is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, which includes the seabreams and porgies. This fish is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and in the Mediterranean Sea. It is a target species for commercial fisheries and is grown in aquaculture. D. sargus sensu lato was formerly thought to be a widespread species in the eastern Atlantic and western Indian Oceans but the taxa outside of D, sargus sensu stricto are now recognised as valid species and are part of the D. sargus species complex.

Sparidae
Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies, is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Acanthuriformes, although they were previously classified in the order Perciformes. The over 150 species are found in shallow and deep marine waters in temperate through tropical regions around the world. Most species are demersal carnivores.
James A. Burns
James Aloysius Burns, C.S.C. (February 13, 1867 — September 9, 1940) was an American Catholic priest who served as president of the University of Notre Dame from 1919 to 1922. He played a significant role in transforming Notre Dame into a national research university. He was professor of chemistry at Notre Dame from 1895 to 1900. He was a theorist of education, and wrote numerous books on the topic.

Congregation of Holy Cross
The Congregation of Holy Cross (Latin: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce), abbreviated CSC, is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men founded in Le Mans, France, in 1837 by Basil Moreau.

Moreau also founded the Marianites of Holy Cross for women, now divided into three independent congregations of sisters: the Marianites of Holy Cross (Le Mans, France), the Sisters of the Holy Cross (Notre Dame, Indiana), and the Sisters of Holy Cross (Montreal, Quebec, Canada).
Alanqa
Alanqa is a genus of alanqid pterosaur from the Late Cretaceous period (Cenomanian stage) of what is now the Kem Kem Group of southeastern Morocco. The name Alanqa comes from the Arabic word العنقاء al-'Anqā', for a mythical bird of Arabian culture.

Kem Kem Group
The Kem Kem Group (commonly known as the Kem Kem beds) is a geological group in the Kem Kem region of eastern Morocco, whose strata date back to the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous.

Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the group. Recent fossil evidence in the form of isolated large abelisaurid bones and comparisons with other similarly aged deposits elsewhere in Africa indicates that the fauna of the Kem Kem Group (specifically in regard to the numerous predatory theropod dinosaurs) may have been mixed together due to the harsh and changing geology of the region, when in reality they would likely have preferred separate habitats and likely would have been separated by millions of years.
A Famosa
A Famosa (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐ faˈmɔzɐ]) was a Portuguese fortress built in Malacca, Malaysia, circa 1512. The oldest part of the fortress was a five-storey keep which eventually gave its name to the fortress as a whole. Some time following the Battle of Malacca (1641) and the occupation of the city by the Dutch, the keep was destroyed but the outer walls of the fortress were expanded. However, in 1811 the British destroyed all of the original fortress and most of the outer walls. The Porta de Santiago gateway, and the rebuilt Middelburg Bastion, are the only parts of the fortress that remain today.

Siege of Malacca (1640–1641)
The siege of Malacca (3 August 1640 – 14 January 1641) was initiated by the Dutch East India Company and their local ally, Johor, against Portuguese Malacca. It ended with a Portuguese surrender and, according to Portugal, the deaths of thousands of Portuguese individuals. The roots of the conflict began in the late 16th century when the Dutch arrived in the vicinity of Malacca. From there, they launched occasional attacks against the Portuguese colony, including multiple failed sieges. In August 1640, the Dutch commenced their final siege, which took a heavy toll on both sides, with disease and starvation rampant. Finally, after the loss of several major commanders and numerous troops, the Dutch stormed the citadel, completely ending Portugal's control of the city. Ultimately, the new colony was of little importance to the Dutch compared to their previously existing local territory, Batavia.
Wellington Wells
Wellington Wells (April 18, 1868 – April 23, 1954) was a Massachusetts lawyer and politician who served as President of the Massachusetts Senate from 1925 to 1928.

Wells was the Assistant Clerk Superior Civil Court of Boston from 1895 to 1901. Wells was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1919. Wells was elected in 1920 to represent the fifth Suffolk Senatorial District of the Massachusetts Senate. Wells was elected Senate President in 1925 and remained President until his retirement in 1928.  Wells died on April 23, 1954, at Massachusetts General Hospital.

President of the Massachusetts Senate
The president of the Massachusetts Senate is the presiding officer.  Unlike the United States Congress, in which the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the United States Senate, in Massachusetts, the president of the Senate is elected from and by the senators. The president, therefore, typically comes from the majority party, and the president is then the de facto leader of that party.

The current president of the Massachusetts Senate, since July 26, 2018, is Karen Spilka, a Democrat from Ashland. Democrats have had a majority in the Senate since 1959. Notable former presidents of the Massachusetts Senate include U.S. president Calvin Coolidge.
Scottish Swimming Hall of Fame
The Scottish Swimming Hall of Fame, launched in 2010 by Scottish Swimming, is an accolade (and virtual platform) to recognize and celebrate the lifetime achievements of memorable Scottish athletes in all fields of aquatic sports. It is an event that takes place in a Commonwealth Games year, with the ceremony held at the annual awards dinner.

Scottish Swimming
Scottish Swimming, also known as the Scottish Amateur Swimming Association (SASA), is the national governing body for swimming, diving, water polo and artistic swimming in Scotland. The SASA and the English and Welsh swimming associations form British Swimming, which is responsible for British teams at the Olympics, and other events in which the United Kingdom sends a combined team.

Founded in 1888, the SASA was incorporated as a limited company in 2003. It comprises four districts – North, Midlands, East and West and has 160 affiliated swimming clubs across the country.

It is based on the campus of the University of Stirling.
Living Desert Zoo and Gardens
The Living Desert Zoo and Gardens, formerly the Living Desert Museum, is a non-profit zoo and desert botanical garden in Palm Desert, in the Colorado Desert, in California in the United States. It is set on 1,200 acres of land, with 80 developed as zoo and gardens, and is home to over 500 animals representing over 150 species and receives over 500,000 visitors annually.

The zoo has been a member of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums since 1983, and is a member of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA). It has participated in species reintroduction programs including the peninsular bighorn sheep to the local mountains and returning Arabian oryx to Oman.

Colorado Desert
The Colorado Desert is a part of the larger Sonoran Desert located in California, United States, and Baja California, Mexico. It encompasses approximately 7 million acres (2,800,000 ha; 28,000 km2), including the heavily irrigated Coachella, Imperial and Mexicali valleys. It is home to many unique flora and fauna.
7553 Buie
7553 Buie (/ˈbuːiː/), provisional designation 1981 FG, is a Nysa asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.5 kilometers (2.2 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 30 March 1981, by American astronomer Edward Bowell at Lowell's Anderson Mesa Station near Flagstaff, Arizona. The stony S-type asteroid has a rotation period 4.2 hours an possibly an elongated shape. It was named after American astronomer Marc Buie.

Nysa family
The Nysa family (adj. Nysian; FIN: 405) is part of the Nysa–Polana complex, the largest cluster of asteroid families in the asteroid belt.: 23  It is located in the inner region of the asteroid belt, orbiting the Sun between 2.41 and 2.5 AU. Asteroids in this complex have eccentricities between 0.12 and 0.21 and inclinations of 1.4 to 4.3. The family derives its name from its most massive member, 44 Nysa. It has also been known as the Hertha family (adj. Herthian) named after 135 Hertha.
The Ape Man
The Ape Man is a 1943 American horror film directed by William Beaudine. The film is based on "They Creep in the Dark" by Karl Brown, which was published in The Saturday Evening Post. It stars Bela Lugosi as Dr. James Brewster who is aided by his colleague Dr. Randall (Henry Hall).  The doctor manages to transform himself into an ape man hybrid and desperately seeks a cure. Brewster believes that only the injection of human spinal fluid will prove effective as a cure. As Randall refuses to help him, Brewster and his captive gorilla seek involuntary donors.

The film was announced in November 1942, began shooting in December and was released in March by Monogram Pictures Corp. The film received negative reviews from Variety, The Hollywood Reporter and  The Daily News. An in-name-only sequel, Return of the Ape Man, was released in 1944.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Stab vest
A stab vest or stab proof vest is a reinforced piece of body armor, worn under or over other items of clothing, which is designed to resist knife attacks to the chest, back and sides.

Stab vests can be made from a variety of materials but are usually made using high-strength synthetic fibers. This is similar to ballistic vests, but stab vests are constructed with a tighter weave.

Bulletproof vest
A bulletproof vest, also known as a ballistic vest or bullet-resistant vest, is a type of body armor designed to absorb impact and prevent the penetration of firearm projectiles and explosion fragments to the torso. The vest can be either soft—as worn by police officers, security personnel, prison guards, and occasionally private citizens to protect against stabbing attacks or light projectiles—or hard, incorporating metallic or para-aramid components. Soldiers and police tactical units typically wear hard armour, either alone or combined with soft armour, to protect against rifle ammunition or fragmentation. Additional protection includes trauma plates for blunt force and ceramic inserts for high-caliber rounds. Bulletproof vests have evolved over centuries, from early designs like those made for knights and military leaders to modern-day versions. Early ballistic protection used materials like cotton and silk, while contemporary vests employ advanced fibers and ceramic plates.
Speed Demon (Michael Jackson song)
"Speed Demon" is a song by American singer and recording artist Michael Jackson from his seventh studio album, Bad. It was written, composed and co-produced by Jackson, and produced by Quincy Jones. "Speed Demon" is a funk rock and synth-funk song whose lyrics pertain to driving fast. The song segues into the fourth track of Bad, "Liberian Girl". A promotional single was released on September 4, 1989, as part of the campaign around the 1988 film Moonwalker. The song received mixed reviews from contemporary critics.

Liberian Girl
"Liberian Girl" is the ninth and final single released from American singer Michael Jackson's 1987 album Bad. The song was written as early as 1983 and was among those considered for the Jacksons' Victory album. It was reworked and rewritten for Bad. The song was released as a single in Europe, Japan, New Zealand, and Australia. The song was a commercial success, ranking the top 15 in several countries.
1943 Ontario Liberal Party leadership election
The Ontario Liberal Party held a leadership election in 1943 to choose a permanent replacement to Mitchell Hepburn who had been forced to resign at the end of 1942. Because the Ontario Liberal Party was in power, the winner of the race would also become premier of the province. Initially, Hepburn attempted to anoint Gordon Daniel Conant as his permanent successor but the caucus did not accept this and forced a full leadership convention which was won on the first ballot by former Provincial Secretary Harry Nixon.

As Conant was ailing and had been hospitalized, Thomas McQuesten was Acting Premier on the day of the leadership convention.

Harry Nixon
Harry Corwin Nixon (April 1, 1891 – October 22, 1961) was a Canadian politician and briefly the 13th premier of Ontario in 1943. He is both the longest-serving member in the history of the Ontario legislature and the shortest-serving premier of Ontario.