hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rope-soled shoe
Rope-soled shoes have soles (and possibly other parts) made from rope or rope fibres.  They were formerly a cheap, disposable, hand-made item. However, the widely made espadrille comes in many styles and can include expensive fashion items.

Espadrille
Espadrilles (Spanish: alpargatas or esparteñas; Portuguese: alpercatas; Catalan: espardenyes; Basque: espartinak; French: espadrilles) are casual shoes with soles made of esparto rope. The upper is usually canvas or cotton fabric and can vary widely in style. They are usually flat but sometimes high-heeled.

Espadrilles are a typical form of Spanish summer footwear, with strong historical ties to the regions of Catalonia, Aragon, and the Basque Country. The word derives from the Catalan espardenya and refers to esparto grass, a plant indigenous to the south of Spain that is used to make ropes and basketry. Although they are still widely manufactured in Spain, some production has moved to Bangladesh, the world's largest jute producer.

Originally peasant footwear, they were popularised throughout the 20th century by many cultural figures including Picasso, Salvador Dalí and later John F. Kennedy and Yves Saint Laurent.
2023 AVC Men's Challenge Cup
The 2023 AVC Men's Challenge Cup, also known as the 2023 AVC Challenge Cup for Men, was the fourth edition of the AVC Men's Challenge Cup, an annual international volleyball tournament organised by the Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC), in that year with the Chinese Taipei Volleyball Association (CTVBA). The tournament was held in Taipei, Taiwan from 8 to 15 July 2023.

The winners of the tournament qualified for the 2023 FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup.

Thailand won their first title and earned the right to participate in 2023 Challenger Cup after defeating Bahrain in straight sets in the final. South Korea took the bronze after defeating Vietnam in the 3rd place match. Anurak Phanram named as the MVP of the tournament.

2023 FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup
The 2023 FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup was the fourth edition of the FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup, an annual men's international volleyball tournament contested by eight national teams that acts as a qualifier for the FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League. The tournament was held at Aspire Ladies Sports Hall in Doha, Qatar, between 28 and 30 July 2023.

Four teams made their first appearance in the men's Challenger Cup in this edition: China, the Dominican Republic, Thailand and Ukraine.

Turkey won the title, defeating host Qatar in the final, and earned the right to participate in 2024 Nations League replacing China, the last placed challenger team in the 2023 edition. Ukraine defeated Chile in the 3rd place match.
Battle of Wad Ras
The Battle of Wad-Ras took place on March 23, 1860 within the Hispano-Moroccan War (1859-1860) that, together with the Battle of Castillejos and Tétouan, completed Spain's action in North Africa to reduce the hostilities of the Riffian bands against Ceuta.

Battle of Tétouan
The Battle of Tétouan (Arabic: معركة تطوان, Spanish: Batalla de Tetuán) was fought from 4 to 6 February 1860, near Tétouan, Morocco, between a Spanish Army sent to North Africa and the tribal levies which at the time made up the Moroccan Army. The battle was part of the Hispano–Moroccan War of 1859–1860.
Founding of Talca
The San Agustín de Talca Foundation was on May 12, 1742, who ordered its foundation was the Royal Governor of Chile, José Antonio Manso de Velasco and later named City of Talca on June 6, 1796, a real identity document of Carlos IV of Spain, the Royal Governor of Chile, Ambrosio O'Higgins and the Corregidor of Talca, Vicente de la Cruz y Bahamonde.

Talca
Talca (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtalka]) is a city and commune in Chile located about 255 km (158 mi) south of Santiago, and is the capital of both Talca Province and Maule Region (7th Region of Chile). As of the 2012 census, the city had a population of 201,142.

The city is an important economic center, with agricultural (wheat) and manufacturing activities, as well as wine production. It is also the location of the Universidad de Talca and the Catholic University of Maule, among others. The Catholic Church of Talca has held a prominent role in the history of Chile.
1938–39 Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball team
The 1938–39 Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 1938–39 NCAA men's basketball season as a member of the Big Six Conference. They finished the season with a 12–9 overall record, and tied for the Big Six Conference title with a 7–3 conference record. The Sooners made it to the Final Four of the 1939 NCAA basketball tournament. They were coached by Bruce Drake in his first season as head coach of the Sooners. They played their home games at McCasland Field House in Norman, Oklahoma.

1938–39 NCAA men's basketball season
The 1938–39 NCAA men's basketball season began in December 1938, progressed through the regular season and conference tournaments, and concluded with the 1939 NCAA basketball tournament championship game on March 27, 1939, at Patten Gymnasium in Evanston, Illinois. The Oregon Webfoots won the first NCAA national championship with a 46–33 victory over the Ohio State Buckeyes.
2022–23 Kennesaw State Owls men's basketball team
The 2022–23 Kennesaw State Owls men's basketball team represented Kennesaw State University in the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Owls, led by fourth-year head coach Amir Abdur-Rahim, played their home games at the KSU Convocation Center in Kennesaw, Georgia as members of the ASUN Conference. They finished the season with 26–9, 15–3 in ASUN play, to earn a share of the regular-season championship. As the No. 1 seed in the ASUN tournament, the Owls defeated Queens, Lipscomb and Liberty to win the tournament championship. As a result, they received the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament, the school's first-ever trip to the tournament. As the No. 14 seed in the Midwest region, they lost in the first round to Xavier.

On March 29, 2023, head coach Amir Abdur-Rahim left the school to take the head coaching position at South Florida. On April 7, the school named Alabama assistant coach Antoine Pettway the team's new head coach.

2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 7, 2022. The regular season ended on March 12, 2023, with the 2023 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament beginning with the First Four on March 14 and ending with the championship game at NRG Stadium in Houston on April 3.
Cyril Christiani
Cyril Marcel Christiani (28 October 1913 – 4 April 1938) was a West Indian cricketer who played in four Test matches in 1934–35.

Aged 19, Christiani toured England in 1933 as the reserve wicket-keeper to Ivan Barrow. He was the West Indian wicket-keeper in all four Tests of the 1934–35 series.

Christiani died in 1938 of malaria, aged 24. He had three brothers who played first-class cricket for British Guiana, one of whom was the Test cricketer Robert Christiani.

West Indian cricket team in England in 1933
The West Indies cricket team toured England in 1933, playing three Test matches, losing two of them and drawing the other. In all, the side played 30 first-class matches, winning only five and losing nine.

The batting was led by George Headley, who scored almost twice as many runs as the next highest aggregate and averaged 66 runs per innings (the next best was 39). The bowling was spearheaded by the pace of Manny Martindale, from Barbados, who took 14 wickets in the Tests and 103 on the tour. He cut Wally Hammond's chin open at Old Trafford and, in partnership with Learie Constantine in this match, used the same bodyline tactics England had used the previous winter against Australia.

Wisden in 1934 had George Headley as its Cricketer of the Year alongside English players Cyril Walters, Fred Bakewell, Les Townsend and Morris Nichols (see Wisden in Cricinfo).
Narendra Sharma (dancer)
Narendra Sharma (September 21, 1924 – January 14, 2008) was an Indian dancer and choreographer. He was trained in Uday Shankar's school of modern dance. He is regarded as a pioneer in modern Indian dance. For his contributions to the field, he received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Contemporary Choreography in 1976.

Uday Shankar
Uday Shankar (born Uday Shankar Chowdhury; 8 December 1900 – 26 September 1977) was an Indian dancer and choreographer, best known for creating a fusion style of dance, adapting European theatrical techniques to Indian classical dance, imbued with elements of Indian classical, folk, and tribal dance, which he later popularised in India, Europe, and the United States in the 1920s and 1930s. He was a pioneer of modern dance in India.

In 1962, he was awarded by Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's The National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama, with its highest award, the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship for lifetime achievement, and in 1971, the Govt. of India, awarded him its second highest civilian award the Padma Vibhushan.
GB 12052
GB 12052-89, entitled Korean character coded character set for information interchange (Chinese: 信息交换用朝鲜文字编码字符集), is a character set standard established by China for the Korean language in China. It consists of a total of 5,979 characters, and has no relationship nor compatibility with South Korea's KS X 1001 and North Korea's KPS 9566.

KS X 1001
KS X 1001, "Code for Information Interchange (Hangul and Hanja)", formerly called KS C 5601, is a South Korean coded character set standard to represent Hangul and Hanja characters on a computer.

KS X 1001 is encoded by the most common legacy (pre-Unicode) character encodings for Korean, including EUC-KR and Microsoft's Unified Hangul Code (UHC). It contains Korean Hangul syllables, CJK ideographs (Hanja), Greek, Cyrillic, Japanese (Hiragana and Katakana) and some other characters.

KS X 1001 is arranged as a 94×94 table, following the structure of 2-byte code words in ISO 2022 and EUC. Therefore, its code points are pairs of integers 1–94. However, some encodings (UHC and Johab), in addition to providing codes for every code point, provide additional codes for characters otherwise representable only as code point sequences.
1910–11 Blackpool F.C. season
The 1910–11 season was Blackpool F.C.'s 14th season (11th consecutive) in the Football League. They competed in the twenty-team Division Two, then the second tier of English football, finishing seventh.

Joe Clennell was the club's top scorer, with nineteen goals (eighteen in the league and one in the FA Cup). It was his only season with Blackpool.

Joe Clennell
Joseph Clennell (19 February 1889 – 28 February 1965)  was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Blackpool, Blackburn Rovers, Everton, Cardiff City, Stoke City, Bristol Rovers and Rochdale.
Michel de Certeau
Michel Jean Emmanuel de La Barge de Certeau SJ (French: [sɛʁto]; 17 May 1925 – 9 January 1986) was a French Jesuit Catholic priest and scholar whose work combined history, psychoanalysis, philosophy, and the social sciences as well as hermeneutics, semiotics, ethnology, and religion. He was known as a philosopher of everyday life and was widely regarded as a historian with interests ranging from travelogues of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in The Mystic Fable (1982) to contemporary urban life in The Practice of Everyday Life (1980).

He participated in major French intellectual movements including ressourcement theology, Lacanian psychoanalysis, Greimasian semiotics, and nouvelle histoire. He first came to public prominence with contemporary articles on the French May 68 protests that were collected in The Capture of Speech (1968).

Algirdas Julien Greimas
Algirdas Julien Greimas (French: [alɡiʁdas ʒyljɛ̃ gʁɛmas]; born Algirdas Julius Greimas; 9 March 1917 – 27 February 1992) was a Lithuanian literary scientist who wrote most of his body of work in French while living in France. Greimas is known among other things for the Greimas square (le carré sémiotique). He is, along with Roland Barthes, considered the most prominent of the French semioticians. With his training in structural linguistics, he added to the theory of signification, plastic semiotics, and laid the foundations for the Parisian school of semiotics. Among Greimas's major contributions to semiotics are the concepts of isotopy, the actantial model, the narrative program, and the semiotics of the natural world. He also researched Lithuanian mythology and Proto-Indo-European religion, and was influential in semiotic literary criticism.
2013 Orlando Predators season
The 2013 Orlando Predators season was the 22nd season for the franchise in the Arena Football League. The team was coached by Doug Plank and played their home games at Amway Center. Despite losing their first five games, the Predators recovered enough to qualify for the playoffs. However, they were eliminated by the Philadelphia Soul by a score of 59–55 in the conference semifinals.

Orlando Predators
The Orlando Predators were a professional arena football team based in Orlando, Florida and member of the Arena Football League (AFL). The team was most recently owned by Orlando Predators LLC, a company owned by David A. Siegel, and played its home games at Amway Center.

The team was founded in 1991 as an expansion team of the AFL. The team advanced to the playoffs 19 consecutive seasons between 1992 and 2011, becoming the ArenaBowl champions in 1998 and 2000 during that span. The team suspended operations after the 2016 season.
Dryandra subg. Hemiclidia
Dryandra subg. Hemiclidia is an obsolete plant taxon that encompassed material that is now included in Banksia. Published at genus rank as Hemiclidia by Robert Brown in 1830, it was set aside by George Bentham in 1870, but reinstated at subgenus rank by Alex George in 1996. In 2007, all Dryandra species were transferred into Banksia at series rank, and the infrageneric Dryandra taxa, including D. subg. Hemiclidia, were set aside.

Banksia ser. Dryandra
Banksia ser. Dryandra is a series of 94 species of shrub to small tree in the plant genus Banksia. It was considered a separate genus named Dryandra until early 2007, when it was merged into Banksia on the basis of extensive molecular and morphological evidence that Banksia was paraphyletic with respect to Dryandra.
Medium-density polyethylene
Medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) is a type of polyethylene defined by a density range of 0.926–0.940 g/cm3. It is less dense than HDPE, which is more common.

MDPE can be produced by chromium/silica catalysts, Ziegler-Natta catalysts or metallocene catalysts. MDPE has good shock and drop resistance properties. It also is less notch sensitive than HDPE. Stress cracking resistance is better than that of HDPE. MDPE is typically used in gas pipes and fittings, sacks, shrink film, packaging film, carrier bags, and screw closures.

In the United Kingdom, black (or blue) MDPE is often used for water and waste water plumbing, and may also be referred to as 'black alkathene.'

High-density polyethylene
HDPE has SPI resin ID code 2

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) or polyethylene high-density (PEHD) is a thermoplastic polymer produced from the monomer ethylene. It is sometimes called "alkathene" or "polythene" when used for HDPE pipes. With a high strength-to-density ratio, HDPE is used in the production of plastic bottles, corrosion-resistant piping, geomembranes and plastic lumber. HDPE is commonly recycled, and has the number "2" as its resin identification code.

In 2008, the global HDPE market reached a volume of more than 30 million tons.
Apple A6X
The Apple A6X is a 32-bit system-on-a-chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series. It was introduced with and only used in the 4th generation iPad, on October 23, 2012. It is a high-performance variant of the Apple A6 and the last 32-bit chip Apple used on an iOS device before Apple switched to 64-bit. Apple claims the A6X has twice the CPU performance and up to twice the graphics performance of its predecessor, the Apple A5X. Software updates for the 4th generation iPad ended in 2019 with the release of iOS 10.3.4 for cellular models, thus ceasing support for this chip as it was discontinued with the release of iOS 11 in 2017.

Apple A5X
The Apple A5X is a 32-bit system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc., part of the Apple silicon series, and manufactured by Samsung. It was introduced with and used only in the third-generation iPad, on March 7, 2012. The A5X is a high-performance variant of the Apple A5. Apple claimed the quad-core PowerVR SGX543MP4 graphics processing unit (GPU) in the A5X is two times faster than the GPU in the A5, as the A5X GPU contains two more cores than the dual-core version GPU in the A5.

The last operating system update Apple provided for a mobile device containing an A5X (third-generation iPad cellular models) was iOS 9.3.6, which was released on July 22, 2019 as it was discontinued with the release of iOS 10 in 2016.
Coordinate vector
In linear algebra, a coordinate vector is a representation of a vector as an ordered list of numbers (a tuple) that describes the vector in terms of a particular ordered basis. An easy example may be a position such as (5, 2, 1) in a 3-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system with the basis as the axes of this system. Coordinates are always specified relative to an ordered basis. Bases and their associated coordinate representations let one realize vector spaces and linear transformations concretely as column vectors, row vectors, and matrices; hence, they are useful in calculations.

The idea of a coordinate vector can also be used for infinite-dimensional vector spaces, as addressed below.

Row and column vectors
In linear algebra, a column vector with ⁠⁠ elements is an  matrix consisting of a single column of ⁠⁠ entries. Similarly, a row vector is a  matrix, consisting of a single row of ⁠⁠ entries. For example, ⁠⁠ is a column vector and ⁠⁠ is a row matrix:

(Throughout this article, boldface is used for both row and column vectors.)

The transpose (indicated by T) of any row vector is a column vector, and the transpose of any column vector is a row vector:

Taking the transpose twice returns the original (row or column) vector: ⁠⁠.

The set of all row vectors with n entries in a given field (such as the real numbers) forms an n-dimensional vector space; similarly, the set of all column vectors with m entries forms an m-dimensional vector space.

The space of row vectors with n entries can be regarded as the dual space of the space of column vectors with n entries, since any linear functional on the space of column vectors can be represented as the left-multiplication of a unique row vector.
2024–25 Girona FC season
The 2024–25 season was the 95th season in the history of Girona Futbol Club, and the club's third consecutive season in La Liga. In addition to the domestic league, the club participated in the Copa del Rey and made a debut appearance in the UEFA Champions League, their first ever European competition participation.

Girona FC
Girona Futbol Club, S.A.D. (Catalan: [ʒiˈɾonə] ⓘ zhi-RO-nuh) is a Spanish professional football club based in Girona, Catalonia, Spain. Founded on 23 July 1930, the team plays in La Liga, to which they gained promotion in the 2022 Segunda División play-offs.

Girona holds its home matches at the 14,624-capacity Estadi Montilivi. It is a part of City Football Group Limited. The club also has youth and amateur women's teams for competition.
Tom Topping
John Thomas Topping (November 6, 1934 – August 27, 1990) was an American football player.

He was born in 1934 and grew up in Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina. He attended Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. He graduated in 1953 from Roanoke Rapids High School.

He played college football at the tackle position for the Duke Blue Devils football team from 1955 to 1957.  He was selected by the Football Writers Association of America as a first-team guard on Look magazine's 1957 All-America college football team.

Topping later lived in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. In 1959, he became employed by Roadway Express, a trucking company in Akron, Ohio. He spent 31 years with the company and became the company's president in 1987.  He was inducted into the Duke Sports Hall of Fame in 1989. He died in 1990 at age 55.

1957 All-America college football team
The 1957 All-America college football team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans by various organizations and writers that chose All-America college football teams in 1957. The seven selectors recognized by the NCAA as "official" for the 1957 season are (1) the Associated Press, (2) the United Press, (3) the American Football Coaches Association (AFCA), (4) the Football Writers Association of America (FWAA), (5) the International News Service (INS), (6) the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), and (7) the Sporting News.  The ESPN College Football Encyclopedia lists the All-America Board (AAB) as an eighth official selector.
2002 Tangerine Bowl
The 2002 Tangerine Bowl was the 13th edition of the college football bowl game formerly known as Blockbuster / Carquest / MicronPC Bowl. This was the second under the "Tangerine Bowl" moniker, a reference to the  original name of the Citrus Bowl, known as the Tangerine Bowl from 1947 to 1982. It was played on December 23, 2002, and featured the Texas Tech Red Raiders and the Clemson Tigers.

2002 Clemson Tigers football team
The 2002 Clemson Tigers football team represented Clemson University as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) during the 2002 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Tommy Bowden, the Tigers compiled an overall record of 7–6 with a mark of 4–4 in conference play, tying for fifth place in the ACC. Clemson was invited to the Tangerine Bowl, where the Tigers lost to Texas Tech. The team played home games at Memorial Stadium in Clemson, South Carolina.

Clemson's game against South Carolina to close out the regular season was the 100th game football played in the Clemson–South Carolina rivalry.
Information Overload Unit
Information Overload Unit is the 1981 debut full-length album by the Australian industrial band SPK. Originally released in 1981 by Side Effects, it was re-released twice; in 1985 by Normal, and in 1992 by The Grey Area.

The Grey Area of Mute Records discography
The Grey Area is a Mute Records division founded in 1990 to restore and reissue the catalogue of artists who influenced Daniel Miller, head of Mute Records, and to reissue previous recordings of Mute artists.
In 1983, Mute had to partner with Industrial Records for the reissue of Throbbing Gristle albums. This division was created following the partnerships signed with Can and Cabaret Voltaire.