hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chris Gardocki
Christopher Allen Gardocki (born February 7, 1970) is an American former professional football player who was a punter in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Chicago Bears, the Indianapolis Colts, the Cleveland Browns, and the Pittsburgh Steelers from 1991 to 2006. He won Super Bowl XL with the Steelers.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
315th Fighter Squadron
The 315th Fighter Squadron is an active squadron of the United States Air Force.  It is an active associate fighter squadron assigned to the 495th Fighter Group and integrated into the 158th Fighter Wing, Vermont Air National Guard.  It was activated in 2016 in Burlington, Vermont.  Prior to that it was last active at Camp Shanks, New York, in November 1945.

The unit was activated in July 1942 as one of the three squadrons of the 324th Fighter Group.  After training in the United States, it moved to Egypt in July 1942 and engaged in combat in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations, moving to France following the invasion of southern France.  It received two Distinguished Unit Citations and the French Croix de Guerre with Palm for its combat actions.  Following the surrender of Germany, the 315th remained in Germany as part of the occupation forces until the fall of 1945, when it returned to the United States and was inactivated.

Vermont Air National Guard
The Vermont Air National Guard (VT ANG) is the aerial militia of the State of Vermont, United States of America. It is a reserve of the United States Air Force and  along with the Vermont Army National Guard  an element of the Vermont National Guard of the larger United States National Guard Bureau. The 158th Fighter Wing is its sole unit. It is under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Vermont through the office of the Vermont Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The Vermont Air National Guard is headquartered at Burlington Air National Guard Base. As of 2019, the Vermont Air National Guard is the first Air National Guard unit to be assigned the Lockheed Martin F-35A Lightning II.
André Gomes
André Filipe Tavares Gomes ComM (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐ̃ˈdɾɛ ˈɣomɨʃ]; born 30 July 1993) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Major League Soccer club Columbus Crew.

He played three years at Benfica, where he won the domestic treble in the 2013–14 season. In July 2014 he joined Valencia and, two years later, signed with Barcelona also in the Spanish La Liga. Following a year on loan at Everton, he agreed to a permanent contract in 2019. He then joined Lille on loan for the 2022–23 season, before returning to the Ligue 1 club in 2024 on a two-year deal.

Gomes earned 37 caps for Portugal all youth levels accounted for, including six for the under-21s. He represented the nation at Euro 2016 – winning the tournament – and the 2017 Confederations Cup.

Treble (association football)
A treble in association football is achieved when a club team wins three trophies in a single season. A continental treble involves winning the club's top-level domestic league competition, main domestic cup competition, and main continental trophy. Although winning a second-tier continental trophy (e.g. Europa League) has also been described as a continental treble, it is not as widely accepted. A domestic treble involves winning three national competitions—including the league title, the primary cup competition, and one secondary competition, such as a league cup.

Competitions which consist of a single match or a two-leg match are not normally counted as part of a continental treble (e.g., the FA Community Shield, Supercopa de España, Supercoppa Italiana, Trophée des Champions, DFL-Supercup, UEFA Super Cup, Recopa Sudamericana, FIFA Club World Cup (2005–2023 editions), Intercontinental Cup and others).
A.S. Tefana
Association Sportive Tefana Football, is a football club from Faʻaʻā, Tahiti, French Polynesia. The club plays their home matches at Stade Louis Ganivet. The club became the second French Polynesian team to have reached the final of the OFC Champions League, which they achieved in 2012.

OFC Men's Champions League
The OFC Men's Champions League is the premier men's club football competition in Oceania. It is organised by the OFC, Oceania's football governing body. Beginning as the Oceania Club Championship (1987–2006), it has been organised since 2007 under its current format. The first four Club Championship titles were won by Australian clubs. Since 2006, when Australia left the OFC, 16 OFC titles have been won by clubs from New Zealand, one by a Papua New Guinean club and one by a New Caledonian club.

Trophies for OFC tournament winners are made by London-based silversmiths Thomas Lyte. The winning club used to qualify for the FIFA Intercontinental Cup, entering at the African–Asian–Pacific Cup play-off stage. Additionally, the best-ranked champion in a 4-year period, Auckland City FC, qualified for the 2025 edition of the FIFA Club World Cup. Qualifications for those tournaments are now handled by the OFC Professional League.
Miguel Uribe Londoño
Miguel Uribe Londoño (born 2 November 1945) is a Colombian politician and businessman who served as a Senator from 1990 to 1991. Uribe Londoño also served as director in Bogotá of the Party Democratic Center, and Secretary of Economy for the Presidency. Born in Medellín, Antioquia, he studied economics at the University of Miami.

Democratic Centre (Colombia)
Democratic Centre (identified electorally as Democratic Centre – Firm Hand, Big Heart; Spanish: Centro Democrático – Mano firme, corazón grande) is a conservative political party in Colombia founded in 2013 by Álvaro Uribe, former President of Colombia, former Vice President Francisco Santos Calderón and former Minister of Finance and Public Credit Óscar Iván Zuluaga. It describes itself as a party of the centre, but in opinion groups it is often considered right-wing.

The party is currently in opposition to the left-wing presidency of Gustavo Petro.
Ronan Connolly
Ronan Connolly (born 1999) is an Irish hurler who plays for Limerick Senior Championship club Adare and at inter-county level with the Limerick senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a left corner-back.

Limerick county hurling team
The Limerick county hurling team represents Limerick in hurling and is governed by Limerick GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Limerick's home ground is Páirc na nGael, Limerick. The team's manager is John Kiely.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2024, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2023 and the National League in 2023.
James Bettley
James Bettley is a British architectural historian, whose publications include editions of the Pevsner Architectural Guides to Essex (2007), Suffolk (2015) and Hertfordshire (2019). In 2019-20 he served as High Sheriff of Essex. In July 2025 he was appointed Vice Lord-Lieutenant of Essex.

Julia Abel Smith
Julia Mary Seton Abel Smith DL is a British historian and historical preservationist. She has authored the books Pavilions in Peril (1988) and Forbidden Wife (2020), the latter of which is about the relationship and eventual marriage of Lady Augusta Murray and Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex. She also served as High Sheriff of Essex (2013–2014).
George Guthrie (songwriter)
George Guthrie  (born 1842, in Newcastle) moved away from the town eastwards towards the coast, and worked as a blacksmith in Wallsend and Sunderland.

He came to the attention of Joe Wilson, the great Music Hall performer, who said that many of Guthrie’s songs had considerable merit, and were much to be admired.

One of his songs "Heh ye seen wor Cuddy" sung to the tune of  "The King of the Cannibal Islands" appears on page 13 of J. W. Swanston’s The Tyneside Songster and page 518 of Thomas Allan’s illustrated edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings.

Allan's Illustrated Edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings
Allan's Illustrated Edition of Tyneside Songs and Readings... is an historic book of Tyneside popular and traditional songs that consisted, in its final published form, of a compilation of approximately 400 song lyrics and notes, with added songwriter and subject biographies and geographical details, together spanning over 600 pages (published, 1891). It was reprinted in 1972 by Frank Graham, Newcastle upon Tyne, with an introduction by music scholar David Harker.
Lytta vulnerata
Lytta vulnerata is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in Central America and North America. They are called "blister beetles" because of a compound called cantharidin that causes blisters when coming in contact with skin.

Blister beetle
Blister beetles are beetles of the family Meloidae, so called for their defensive secretion of a blistering agent, cantharidin. About 2,500 species are known worldwide. Many are conspicuous and some are aposematically colored, announcing their toxicity to would-be predators.
Asada Domain
Asada Domain (麻田藩, Asada-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now northern Osaka Prefecture. It was located in Teshima and Kawabe Districts of Settsu Province and was centered around Asada jin'ya in what is now part of the city of Toyonaka, Osaka. It was ruled in its entire history by a branch of the Aoki clan. The Asada Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Okayama Prefecture.

Abolition of the han system
The abolition of the han system (廃藩置県, haihan-chiken) in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (大名, daimyō, feudal lords) were required to return their authority to the Emperor Meiji and his house. The process was accomplished in several stages, resulting in a new centralized government of Meiji Japan and the replacement of the old feudal system with a new oligarchy.
John Dickinson (physician)
Professor Christopher John Dickinson DM, FRCP, ARCO (1927-2015), known as John, was a British physician and clinical researcher.

Dickinson was born on 1 February 1927. He underwent medical training at Oxford University and at University College Hospital, London. He worked at University College Hospital from 1964, and became Professor of Medicine (in 1974) and Chairman of the Department of Medicine at St Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, retiring in 1982. He was subsequently Emeritus Visiting Professor at the Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine.

He was a member of the Medical Research Council and Chairman of the British Medical Research Society. He was also Secretary of the European Society for Clinical Investigation, an Honorary Fellow of Queen Mary University of London, a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians (FRCP), and an Associate of the Royal College of Organists (ARCO).

He died on 30 September 2015.

Royal College of Organists
The Royal College of Organists (RCO) is a charity and membership organisation based in the United Kingdom, with members worldwide. Its role is to promote and advance organ playing and choral music, and it offers music education, training and development, and professional support for organists and choral directors.

The college also provides accreditation in organ playing, choral directing and organ teaching; it runs an extensive education and outreach programme across the UK; and it maintains an internationally important library containing more than 60,000 titles concerning the organ, organ and choral music and organ playing.
Sam Curry
Sam Curry (born October 17, 1999) is an American ethical hacker, bug bounty hunter, and cybersecurity entrepreneur. He has uncovered high‑impact security flaws across a range of technologies and industries. Notably, he led a 2022 project that exposed remote‑control vulnerabilities affecting 20 car manufacturers, and in 2024 he and a colleague revealed a weakness that allowed bypassing of Transportation Security Administration (TSA) airport security screenings.

White hat (computer security)
A white hat (or a white-hat hacker, a whitehat) is an ethical security hacker. Ethical hacking is a term meant to imply a broader category than just penetration testing. Under the owner's consent, white-hat hackers aim to identify any vulnerabilities or security issues the current system has. The white hat is contrasted with the black hat, a malicious hacker; this definitional dichotomy comes from Western films, where heroic and antagonistic cowboys might traditionally wear a white and a black hat, respectively. There is a third kind of hacker known as a grey hat who hacks with good intentions but at times without permission.

White-hat hackers may also work in teams called "sneakers and/or hacker clubs", red teams, or tiger teams.
Calipuy National Sanctuary
Calipuy National Sanctuary is a Peruvian protected area created on January 8, 1981. The  4,500-hectare (11,000-acre) sanctuary, adjacent to the larger Calipuy National Reserve, is located in the Santiago de Chuco Province of the La Libertad region in northwestern Peru.

The Calipuy National Sanctuary, located high in the Andes Mountains, encompasses a variety of habitats. Species protected by the sanctuary include the queen-of-the-Andes and the guanaco.

Puya raimondii
Puya raimondii, also known as the Queen of the Andes (English), titanka and ilakuash (Quechua) or puya de Raimondi (Spanish), is the largest species of bromeliad, its inflorescences reaching up to 15 m (50 ft) in height. It is native to the high Andes of Bolivia and Peru.
896 Sphinx
896 Sphinx /ˈsfɪŋks/ is a background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, that measures approximately 13 kilometers (8 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 1 August 1918, by astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid has a rotation period of 21.0 hours and is one of few low-numbered objects for which no spectral type has been determined. It was named after the Sphinx, a creature from Greek and Egyptian mythology.

Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory
Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory (German: Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl) is a historic astronomical observatory located near the summit of the Königstuhl hill in the city of Heidelberg in Germany. It is operated by the Center for Astronomy (ZAH) at the University of Heidelberg.

The predecessor of the current observatory was originally opened in 1774 in the nearby city of Mannheim but degradation of observational conditions there resulted in a relocation to the Königstuhl in 1898.

The Observatory facility have little value for current astronomical research of ZAH; research is done with the Gama Ray H.E.S.S in Namibia and ESO facilities in Chile.

Andreas Quirrenbach is the observatory's director since 2005.
Joe Arundel
Joe Arundel (born 22 August 1991) is an English professional rugby league footballer who last played as a centre or second-row forward for Batley Bulldogs in the RFL Championship and the England Knights at the International level.

He has played for the Castleford Tigers in the Super League, spending time as a loan from Castleford at Gateshead Thunder in the Co-operative Championship. Arundel moved to Hull F.C. in the top flight, and spent time away from Hull at the York City Knights, Doncaster and Featherstone Rovers in the Championship, and at the Bradford Bulls and the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats in the Super League. A permanent move to Wakefield followed, with loan moves away at the Dewsbury Rams in the 2018 RFL Championship and the Newcastle Thunder in League 1.

Batley Bulldogs
The Batley Bulldogs are an English professional rugby league club in Batley, West Yorkshire, who play in the Championship. Batley were one of the original twenty-two rugby football clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. They were League Champions in 1924 and have won three Challenge Cups.
2026 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup
The 2026 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup will be the 20th edition of the FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup, the quadrennial world championship for women's national basketball teams, sanctioned by FIBA. The tournament will be hosted in Berlin, Germany, from 4 to 13 September 2026. This is Germany's second time hosting after previously organising the event in 1998, after being awarded the hosting rights in spring 2023.

Sixteen teams will take part in the tournament, four more than the previous edition but returning to the same number as was between 1990 and 2018. The Germans automatically qualify as hosts. Qualifiers will be decided via a mixture continental champions and teams progressing from the qualifying tournaments.

United States are the four-time defending champions.

1990 FIBA World Championship for Women
The 1990 FIBA World Championship for Women (Malay: Kejohanan Dunia FIBA 1990 untuk Wanita) was the 11th FIBA World Championship for Women. The tournament was hosted by Malaysia, from 12 to 22 July 1990. It was the first edition of the tournament to raise the number of participating teams to 16; prior editions had seen between 8 and 14 teams competing, but this and future editions (2022 excepted) would include 16.  The United States won their fifth world championship, defeating Yugoslavia 88–78 in the final.
Dixie Selden
Dixie Selden (February 28, 1868 – November 15, 1935) was an American artist. She studied with Frank Duveneck, who was a mentor and significant influence, and William Merritt Chase, who introduced her to Impressionism. Selden painted portraits of Americans and made genre paintings, landscapes and seascapes from her travels within the country and to Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Mexico. She helped found and was twice the president of the Women's Art Club of Cincinnati. Her works have been exhibited in the United States. She was one of the Daughters of the American Revolution and on the Social Register.

Fernand Lungren
Fernand Lungren (1857–1932) was an American painter and illustrator. He is mostly known for his paintings of American Southwestern landscapes and scenes (in California, New Mexico, Arizona) as well as for his earlier New York and European city street scenes.

He is famous for his vibrantly colored paintings of the Southern California desert, especially in the Death Valley and Mojave Desert area, which expresses the immensity, colors and solitude of these landscapes.
2003 Rwandan parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Rwanda between 29 September and 2 October 2003. They were the first parliamentary elections since 1988 and the second multi-party national elections in the country's history. They were held following the approval of a new constitution in a referendum in August 2003.

The result was a victory for the Rwandan Patriotic Front-led coalition, which won 40 of the 53 elected seats in the new Chamber of Deputies, and eighteen of the 27 reserved for women, youth and the handicapped. Voter turnout was 96.5%.

Chamber of Deputies (Rwanda)
The Chamber of Deputies (Kinyarwanda: Umutwe w'Abadepite; French: Chambre des Députés) is the lower house of the bicameral national legislature of Rwanda.
It was created under the new Constitution adopted by referendum in 2003.
U.S. Virgin Islands Highway 38
Highway 38 is a major road on St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands. Starting at Highway 35 in the eastern part of Charlotte Amalie, the road runs in an east–west direction. Along its path, Highway 38 serves as the southern terminus of Highway 39 and Highway 42, and the northern terminus of Highway 32. Past Highway 42, the road turns south and runs along the eastern coast of St. Thomas. Finally, as the road turns back west near Red Hook, its designation changes to Highway 32.

Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands
Saint Thomas (Danish: Sankt Thomas, Spanish: Santo Tomás, French: Saint-Thomas) is one of the U.S. Virgin Islands in the Caribbean Sea, and a constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States. Along with surrounding minor islands, it is one of three county equivalents in the USVI. Together with Saint John, it forms one of the districts of the USVI. The territorial capital and port of Charlotte Amalie is located on the island.

Of the three islands, St. Thomas is the second largest, with St. Croix being the largest, and St. John, the smallest. As of the 2010 census, the population of Saint Thomas was 51,634, about 48.5% of the total population of the United States Virgin Islands. Crown Mountain is the highest point in Saint Thomas and in the entire United States Virgin Islands. Hence, it is called "Rock City". The island has a land area of 32 square miles (83 km2).
Naginimora
Naginimora is a town in Nagaland, India. It is situated 11 km away from Kongan village in Mon District. It shares border with Bihubar in Assam on the economical corridor.

The name of the town is derived from the words "Nagini Mara or NaginiMora", which mean "the death of a Naga woman"(Source: research manuscript of Konang, N.S.) . Formerly known as Lekan, Naginimora is a subdivision in Mon district under an Additional Deputy Commissioner. It is on the bank of Dikhu river. The town population is predominantly inhabited by the Konyaks. A small but noisy town as one could see about 300 trucks plying up and down the street every day carrying river stones and coals from Kongan soil.

The only coalfield in Nagaland was founded in 1907 by the East India Company and is at Borjan and Kongan soil near Naganimora. Naganimora is biggest trading center of Nagaland Coal. The local weekly market held on Saturdays witnesses a medley crowd of Assamese and Konyak Nagas.

Mon district
Mon district (/ˈmɒn/) is a district of Nagaland, a state in India. It is the third-largest district in Nagaland in terms of area. The district has a population of 250,260 people. Mon Town is the headquarters of the district.
Oligochaeta (plant)
Oligochaeta is a genus of Asian flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae.

Oligochaeta is native to central, southern, and southwestern Asia. They are annual plants that grow in mountain and steppe habitat.

It is part of the "Rhaponticum group" in the tribe Cardueae, along with the genera Callicephalus, Leuzea (including Acroptilon and Rhaponticum), Myopordon, and Ochrocephala. It can be distinguished from other genera by its pollen.

Species

Oligochaeta divaricata - Caucasus, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey

Oligochaeta minima - Xinjiang, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Afghanistan

Oligochaeta ramosa - Indian subcontinent

Oligochaeta tomentosa - Caucasus, Iran

formerly included

Oligochaeta leucosmerinx Rech.f. & Köie	- Schischkinia albispina (Bunge) Iljin

Cardueae
The Cardueae are a tribe of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) and the subfamily Carduoideae.  Most of them are commonly known as thistles; four of the best known genera are Carduus, Cynara (containing the widely eaten artichoke), Cirsium, and Onopordum.

They are annual, biennial, or perennial herbs.  Many species are thorny on leaves, stems, or involucre, and some have laticifers or resin conduits. Almost 80 genera comprising 2500 species are assigned to this tribe, native of temperate regions of Europe and Asia (especially the Mediterranean region and Minor Asia), Australia and tropical Africa; only three genera contain species native to the Americas.