hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pradeep Kumar Chatterjee
Vice Admiral Pradeep Chatterjee, PVSM, AVSM, NM, ADC is a former Flag Officer in the Indian Navy officer. He served as Deputy Chief of Naval Staff of the Indian Navy from 29 May 2012 to 31 May 2014 before serving as Commander-in-Chief, Andaman and Nicobar Command.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Federal Institute of São Paulo
The Federal Institute of São Paulo (Portuguese: Instituto Federal de São Paulo, IFSP), or in full: Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo (Portuguese: Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo) is an institution that offers high education and professional education by having a pluricurricular form. It is a multicampi institution, specializing in offering professional and technological education in different areas of knowledge (biologics/human sciences/exact sciences). It was known previously as Federal Center of Technological Education of São Paulo (Portuguese: Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de São Paulo, CEFET-SP). IFSP is one of the five Federal Colleges in São Paulo, the other ones being ITA, UFSCar, UNIFESP and UFABC.

Federal University of São Paulo
The Federal University of São Paulo (Portuguese: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP) is a public university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Until 2005, UNIFESP was exclusively for Health Sciences, but after that year the university became multisubject due to Brazilian Federal Government's University Reform Program (REUNI). Now, the university has six campuses, the oldest in Vila Clementino, in São Paulo (Health) and four more in Guarulhos (Humanities area), Diadema (Science, Engineering and related), Santos (Health, Marine Sciences), São José dos Campos (Computational and Engineering fields) and Osasco (Business and related). New campus is planned in Santo Amaro, a district of (São Paulo).

Despite the recent expansion, UNIFESP is considered one of the most prestigious universities in the country, attracting students from all over Brazil and neighboring countries.
Clermont-en-Argonne
Clermont-en-Argonne (French pronunciation: [klɛʁmɔ̃ ɑ̃.n‿aʁɡɔn] ⓘ, lit. 'Clermont in Argonne'; formerly Clermont-sur-Meuse, lit. 'Clermont on Meuse') is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

The former towns of Auzéville-en-Argonne, Jubécourt, and Parois were joined to Clermont-en-Argonne in 1973.

Forest of Argonne
The Forest of Argonne (French pronunciation: [aʁɡɔn] ⓘ) is a long strip of mountainous and wild woodland in northeastern France, approximately 200 km (120 mi) east of Paris. The forest measures roughly 65 km (40 mi) long and 15 km (9 mi) wide filled with many small hills and deep valleys formed by water run-off from the Aire and Aisne rivers rarely exceeding more than 200 m (650 ft) in elevation. Following the First World War, the landscape of the forest was forever changed as trench warfare led to parts of the forest being riddled with deep human-made trenches along with craters from explosives. The forest is bordered by the Meuse River on the west and rolling farmland and creeks to the east. The forest is largely oak, chestnut, and pine trees, and  ferns cover much of the forest floor. Common animal life consists of wild boar, red deer, roe deer, hares, rabbits, foxes, and wildcat.
Safeway (Canada)
Safeway (also referred to as Canada Safeway) is a Canadian supermarket chain that operates 135 full-service locations, mostly in the country's Western provinces. It was established in 1929 as a subsidiary of the American Safeway chain before being sold in 2013 to Sobeys, a division of the conglomerate Empire Company and Canada's second-largest supermarket chain. Though independent from the American company, it continues to use the Safeway name and logo as of April 2025.

Safeway's headquarters are located in Calgary, Alberta. It is a participant in the voluntary Scanner Price Accuracy Code managed by the Retail Council of Canada.

Sobeys
Sobeys Inc. is a national supermarket chain in Canada with over 1,500 stores operating under a variety of banners. Headquartered in Stellarton, Nova Scotia, it operates stores in all ten provinces and accumulated sales of more than C$25.1 billion in the fiscal 2019 operating year. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Empire Company Limited, a Canadian business conglomerate.

It is a participant in the voluntary Scanner Price Accuracy Code managed by the Retail Council of Canada.
Blue velvet angelfish
The blue velvet angelfish (Centropyge deborae), also known as the Fiji blue twilight angelfish, is a small species of marine angelfish, family Pomacanthidae. It is only known from Fiji where it was initially considered to be a variety or subspecies of the midnight pygmy angelfish.

Centropyge nox
Centropyge nox, known commonly as the midnight angelfish or dusky angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.
Social media as a public utility
Social media as a public utility is a theory postulating that social networking sites (such as Meta - ie:Facebook & Instagram or Alphabet - ie: YouTube & Google, but also independent sites such as Twitter, Tumblr, Snapchat etc.) are essential public services that should be regulated by the government, in a manner similar to how electric and phone utilities are typically government regulated. It is based on the notion that social media platforms have monopoly power and broad social influence.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
MP Muar F.C.
Majlis Perbandaran Muar Football Club, commonly known as MP Muar FC, was a Malaysian football club based in Muar, Johor. The club home ground was the Sultan Ibrahim Mini Stadium in Muar. The club had formerly played in the Malaysian League's second division Malaysia Premier League for three consecutive seasons (2010, 2011 and 2012), before the new direction of Johor Football Association (JFA) to join the PBNJ State League only.

Johor Football Association
Johor Football Association (JFA; Malay: Persatuan Bolasepak Negeri Johor (PBNJ)) is the governing body of football for the state of Johor, Malaysia. JFA is responsible for coordinating and developing football in Johor, and has teamed up with the Football Association of Malaysia (FAM) as the official governing body of football in Malaysia.
Sonex Aircraft Sonex
The Onex, Sonex, Waiex and Xenos are a family of  lightweight, metal, low-wing, two seat homebuilt aircraft. Kits are produced and marketed by Sonex Aircraft, a small manufacturer based in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. By 2014, 500 customer built aircraft had been completed.
The Sonex can also be built from plans.

Company founder John Monnett was approached by an Italian business looking for an aircraft that would meet their Microlight category. A variation of Sonerai was initially proposed to meet the 40 mph minimum flight speed requirement. Eventually a clean-sheet design was built around a Jabiru or VW engine installation with similar all-aluminum box fuselage construction as the Monnett Moni. The Sonex can accept various lightweight – less than 200 lb (91 kg) – engines of between 80 and 130 hp (60 and 97 kW).

The Sonex, Waiex and Xenos all qualify as American experimental light-sport aircraft (ELSA).

Light-sport aircraft
A light-sport aircraft (LSA), or light sport aircraft, is a category of small, lightweight aircraft that are simple to fly. LSAs tend to be heavier and more sophisticated than ultralight (aka "microlight") aircraft, but LSA restrictions on weight and performance separates the category from established GA aircraft. There is no standard worldwide description of an LSA.
Totonicapán Uprising of 1820
The Totonicapán Uprising of 1820 was an uprising of indigenous Maya peoples (K'iche') against the Spanish Empire that occurred in Totonicapán, located in the western highlands of Guatemala. The revolt was in response to the excessive tribute demanded by the colonial authorities, and managed to establish a short lived breakaway state in Totonicapán with a free indigenous government. The rebellion was concurrent with the independence of Central America and other Latin American wars of independence.

Kʼicheʼ people
Kʼicheʼ  (pronounced [kʼiˈtʃeʔ]; previous Spanish spelling: Quiché) are Indigenous peoples of the Americas and are one of the Maya peoples. The eponymous Kʼicheʼ language is a Mesoamerican language in the Mayan language family. The highland Kʼicheʼ states in the pre-Columbian era are associated with the ancient Maya civilization, and reached the peak of their power and influence during the Mayan Postclassic period (c. 950–1539 AD).

The meaning of the word Kʼicheʼ in the Kʼicheʼ language is "many trees". The Nahuatl translation, Cuauhtēmallān "Place of the Many Trees (People)", is the origin of the word Guatemala. Quiché Department is also named after them. Rigoberta Menchú Tum, an activist for Indigenous rights who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1992, is perhaps the best-known Kʼicheʼ person.
Patches from the Quilt
Patches from the Quilt is a digital EP released by Gym Class Heroes. It includes the singles "Cookie Jar" featuring R&B singer The-Dream and "Peace Sign/Index Down" featuring rapper Busta Rhymes and one new track that appeared on their album The Quilt, released on September 9, 2008.

The Quilt
The Quilt is the fourth studio album by the American rap rock band Gym Class Heroes, released by Fueled By Ramen/Decaydance on September 9, 2008.

The album, featuring the hit single "Cookie Jar," debuted at number fourteen on the Billboard 200 with 32,266 copies sold in its first week.
Vreni Spoerry
Verena "Vreni" Spoerry (née Toneatti; 8 March 1938 – 29 May 2025) was a Swiss attorney, business executive and politician who served on the Council of States (Switzerland) for the Free Democratic Party from 1996 to 2003. She previously served on the National Council of Switzerland from 1983 to 1996.

Spoerry was described as "Switzerland's most active professional board member" and held a variety of prestigious board memberships such as SKA (Credit Suisse), Nestlé, and Swissair. She was accused in the Swissair bankruptcy trial however was acquitted on all accounts.

National Council (Switzerland)
The National Council (German: Nationalrat; French: Conseil national; Italian: Consiglio nazionale; Romansh: Cussegl naziunal) is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, representing the people. The other house, the Council of States, represents the states. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism. Both houses meet in the Federal Palace of Switzerland in Bern.

The National Council consists of 200 members. Adult citizens elect the council's members, who are called national Councillors, for four year terms. Members are apportioned to the cantons in proportion to their population.
Recreational boat fishing
Recreational fishermen usually fish either from a boat or from a shoreline or river bank. When fishing from a boat, or fishing vessel, most fishing techniques can be used, from nets to fish traps, but some form of angling is by far the most common. Compared to fishing from the land, fishing from a boat allows more access to different fishing grounds and different species of fish.

Surf fishing
Surf fishing is land-based game fishing while standing on the shoreline or wading into the surf zone.  A general term, surf fishing may or may not include casting a lure or bait, and refers to all types of shore fishing – from sandy and rocky beaches, rock jetties, or even fishing piers.  The terms surfcasting or beachcasting refer more specifically to surf fishing from the beach by casting into the surf at or near the shoreline.  With few exceptions, surf fishing is done in saltwater. The most common misconception about surf fishing is the idea that one must cast as far out as possible in order to reach the fish. At beaches on the west coast of the United States, and in fact, at most beaches around the world, you only really need to get your bait into knee-deep water. This is referred to as surf fishing the "skinny" (the skinny water).
Thomas Nevile Carter
Thomas Nevile Carter (September 1851 – 16 November 1879) was an English amateur sportsman who played for England in the second unofficial football match against Scotland, in November 1870. He was the brother of the Rev William Marlborough Carter KCMG, DD and the nephew of Canon T. T. Carter. He was killed by lightning in South Africa, aged 28.

Thomas Thellusson Carter
Thomas Thellusson Carter SSC (19 March 1808 – 28 October 1901), often known as T. T. Carter, was a significant figure in the Victorian Church of England. He was responsible for reintroducing some Catholic practices to the church and being the founder of the Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament. He also founded several charitable organisations. He was a prolific writer on church matters and a project exists to collect and collate all his writings. He was for 36 years the Rector of Clewer and an honorary canon of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford.
Attal government
The Attal government (French: gouvernement Attal) was the forty-fourth government of the French Fifth Republic, formed on 9 January 2024 and headed by Gabriel Attal as Prime Minister under the presidency of Emmanuel Macron. It served as a caretaker government from July to September 2024, before Michel Barnier was appointed prime minister.

The Attal cabinet was a three-party minority government as a result of the 2022 legislative election that left the governing coalition short of an absolute majority in Parliament. His government managed to survive votes of no confidence thanks to the repeated abstentions of MPs from The Republicans. Following the second round of the 2024 legislative election, Attal remained Prime minister until the appointment of Michel Barnier on 5 September.

Presidency of Emmanuel Macron
Emmanuel Macron is currently serving as President of France. He took office upon winning the 2017 French presidential election. Macron was the founding member of Renaissance. He defeated National Rally nominee Marine Le Pen. He again defeated Le Pen in the 2022 French presidential election. He was the youngest president in French history and the youngest French head of state since Napoleon I, at 39.
Pearl-spotted owlet
The pearl-spotted owlet (Glaucidium perlatum) is a small bird of prey found in sub-Saharan Africa. They belong to the Strigidae family, otherwise known as the typical owls or the true owls, which contains most species of owl. As part of the genus Glaucidium, or pygmy owls, they are commonly referred to as 'owlets' due to their diminutive size. Pearl-spotted owlets are brownish and heavily spotted white, with two distinct black false 'eyes' at the back of their head. They are often confused with an African barred owlet.

African barred owlet
The African barred owlet (Glaucidium capense) is a species of small owl in the family Strigidae found in much of southern, central and eastern Africa. The taxon may be four species rather than a single species.
Ernest Lane (musician)
Ernest Ray Lane (March 16, 1931 – July 8, 2012) was an American blues pianist. He played various blues musicians and bands, including with Pinetop Perkins, Robert Nighthawk, Ike Turner, George "Harmonica" Smith, and Canned Heat. Lane also released singles and album as a solo artist.

Pinetop Perkins
Joe Willie "Pinetop" Perkins (July 7, 1913 – March 21, 2011) was an American blues pianist. He played with some of the most influential blues and rock-and-roll performers of his time and received numerous honors, including a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and induction into the Blues Hall of Fame.
2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League qualifying round
The 2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League qualifying round was played on 8, 10 and 13 August 2013. A total of 32 teams competed in the qualifying round to decide 10 of the 32 places in the knockout phase of the 2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League

2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase
The 2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase began on 9 October 2013 and concluded on 22 May 2014 with the final at Estádio do Restelo in Lisbon, Portugal to decide the champions of the 2013–14 UEFA Women's Champions League. A total of 32 teams competed in the knockout phase.
Konstantinos Mitsou
Konstantinos Mitsou (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Μήτσου; 1909 – 27 June 1985) was a Lieutenant General of the Hellenic Gendarmerie who served as General Inspector of Gendarmerie for Northern Greece in the early 1960s and was involved in many acts of political repression, most famously the assassination of left-wing Member of Parliament Grigoris Lambrakis in May 1963. His involvement in funding and directing various violent fascist organizations throughout Northern Greece, and especially Thessaloniki, was uncovered by examining magistrate Christos Sartzetakis and Mitsou was jailed, prompting the fall of the conservative Karamanlis government.

Christos Sartzetakis
Christos Sartzetakis (Greek: Χρήστος Σαρτζετάκης; 6 April 1929 – 3 February 2022) was a Greek jurist and a supreme justice of the Court of Cassation, who served as the president of Greece from 1985 to 1990.
Danxia Tianran
Danxia Tianran (739–824) (Chinese: 丹霞天然; Wade–Giles: Tan-hsia Tiān-rán; Japanese: Tanka Tennen) was a Chan/Zen Buddhist monk and poet during the late Tang dynasty. A student of both Mazu Daoyi and Shitou Xiqian, Danxia was famous for his wild and iconoclastic behavior, which became the inspiration for artworks and kōans throughout the Chan/Zen tradition.

Shitou Xiqian
Shitou Xiqian (700–790) (traditional Chinese: 石頭希遷; simplified Chinese: 石头希迁; pinyin: Shítóu Xīqiān; Wade–Giles: Shih-t'ou Hsi-ch'ien; Japanese: Sekitō Kisen) was an 8th-century Chinese Chan/Zen Buddhist teacher and author. All existing branches of Zen throughout the world are said to descend either from Shitou Xiqian or from his contemporary Mazu Daoyi.
Lady Yin
Lady Yin (Chinese: 殷夫人; pinyin: Yīn Fūrén) is a character in the 16th-century Chinese novel Fengshen Yanyi. She is the wife of Li Jing and they have three sons, Jinzha, Muzha, and Nezha. She played a prominent role in the nurture of Nezha. In Xinchu Erlang Pishan Jiumu Quanduan (新出二郎劈山救母全段; "Erlang Shen Splitting the Mountain to Rescue His Mother"), a Qing dynasty folk storytelling manuscript, she is said to be the second daughter of the Jade Emperor. However, in the Fengshen Yanyi novel and subsequent adaptations, she is just a normal human woman of the Shang dynasty (Yin Dynasty).

Her full name is not given in the Fengshen Yanyi, only her surname, Yin. She is called Lady Suzhi (素知夫人) in the Ming dynasty religious book The Collection of Gods in Three Religions.

She is indirectly mentioned as the "wife of the Pagoda-Bearing Heavenly King" in ancient south asian Buddhist texts and Agni Purana, Solar Dynasty.

Jade Emperor
In the myths and folk religion of Chinese culture, the Jade Emperor or Yudi is one of the representations of the primordial god.

In Taoist theology, he is the assistant of Yuanshi Tianzun, who is one of the Three Pure Ones, the three primordial emanations of the Tao. However, some Taoists in history were skeptical of his benevolence because his buildings and infrastructure in heaven and earth were sometimes seen as interfering with the many natural laws or dao.

He is often identified with Śakra in Chinese Buddhist cosmology and identified with Yu the Great in Chinese mythology.

The Jade Emperor is known by many names, including Yu; Heavenly Grandfather (Chinese: 天公, romanized: Tiāngōng), which originally meant "Heavenly Duke" (and which is used by commoners); the Jade Lord; the Highest Emperor; and Great Emperor of Jade (玉皇上帝, Yu Huang Shangdi, or 玉皇大帝, Yu Huang Dadi).
Voiced bilabial affricate
A voiced bilabial affricate ([b͜β] in IPA) is a rare affricate consonant that is initiated as a bilabial stop [b] and released as a voiced bilabial fricative [β]. It has not been reported to occur phonemically in any language.

Affricate
An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal). It is often difficult to decide if a stop and fricative form a single phoneme or a consonant pair. English has two affricate phonemes, /t͡ʃ/ and /d͡ʒ/, generally spelled ch and j, respectively.
Maruoka Domain
Maruoka Domain (丸岡藩, Maruoka-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It was based at Maruoka Castle in eastern Echizen Province in what is now the Maruoka neighbourhood of modern-day Sakai, Fukui.  It was ruled during its history by the Honda clan, and subsequently by the Arima clan.

Echizen Province
Echizen Province (越前国, Echizen no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [e.tɕiꜜ.(d)zeɴ, -(d)zen no kɯ.ɲi]) was a province of Japan in the area that is today the northern portion of Fukui Prefecture in the Hokuriku region of Japan. Echizen bordered on Kaga, Wakasa, Hida, and Ōmi Provinces. It was part of Hokurikudō Circuit. Its abbreviated form name was (Esshū; 越州).
Hexicated 7-orthoplexes
In seven-dimensional geometry, a hexicated 7-orthoplex (also hexicated 7-cube) is a convex uniform 7-polytope, including 6th-order truncations (hexication) from the regular 7-orthoplex.

There are 32 hexications for the 7-orthoplex, including all permutations of truncations, cantellations, runcinations, sterications, and pentellations. 12 are represented here, while 20 are more easily constructed from the 7-cube.

Uniform 7-polytope
In seven-dimensional geometry, a 7-polytope is a polytope contained by 6-polytope facets. Each 5-polytope ridge being shared by exactly two 6-polytope facets.

A uniform 7-polytope is one whose symmetry group is transitive on vertices and whose facets are uniform 6-polytopes.