hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sklavenkasse
The term Sklavenkasse (slave fund) was a travel and ransom insurance scheme designated to pay ransom for European seafarers who had been captured by Barbary Pirates in the Mediterranean and off the coasts of Western Europe and sold into the Barbary slave trade. Several North German free imperial cities set up their own slave funds which existed until the mid 19th century.

The earliest slave funds were created in the 17th century by members of the Hanseatic League. 
In 1725, seafarers and shipowners in neighbouring Denmark-Norway had to make compulsory contributions to a ransom insurance.
The individual premiums were based on the seamen's rank and income.

Travel insurance
Travel insurance is an insurance product for covering unexpected losses incurred while travelling, either internationally or domestically. Basic policies generally only cover emergency medical expenses while overseas, while comprehensive policies typically include coverage for trip cancellation, lost luggage, flight delays, public liability, and other expenses.

The United States Travel Insurance market valued at over $4B, protecting around 77 million people through around 49 million plans in 2022, according to the United States Travel Insurance Association.

Updated statistics indicate that U.S. travelers spent $5.56 billion on travel insurance in 2024, according to the 2022–2024 Travel Protection Market Study from the U.S. Travel Insurance Association (USTIA). In 2024, 86.97 million people were protected by 54.87 million plans provided by USTIA members.
Jenderal Soedirman University
Jenderal Soedirman University (Indonesian: Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Javanese: ꦲꦸꦤꦶꦮ꦳ꦼꦂꦱꦶꦠꦱ꧀​ꦗꦺꦤ꧀ꦢꦼꦫꦭ꧀​ꦱꦸꦢꦶꦂꦩꦤ꧀, abbreviated as Unsoed) is a public university located in Purwokerto, Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia and was established on September 23, 1963. The university named after Jenderal Soedirman (English: General Soedirman), the first commander-in-chief of the Indonesian Army during the country's fight for independence to commemorate his service for the Indonesian nation. He was born in the Banyumas region.

Due to its location nearby to Mount Slamet and Purwokerto as a relatively small city, Unsoed is mostly preferred by students because of its cold and comfortable environment and provides an affordable living costs for university students in general.

Banyumas Regency
Banyumas (Javanese: ꦧꦚꦸꦩꦱ꧀, formerly spelled "Banjoemas") Regency is an inland regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) in the southwestern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is the town of Purwokerto, but that town no longer has a central administration and is split over four of the districts within the Regency, with a combined area of 41.65 km2 and a population of 236,162 as of mid-2024. The Regency covers an area of 1,391.15 km2, and had a population of 1,554,527 at the 2010 Census and 1,776,918 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate of the population as of mid-2024 was 1,847,097 (comprising 928,905 males and 918,192 females).

The term Banyumasan is also used as an adjective referring to the culture, language, and peoples of the wider Banyumas area, equivalent to the pre-independence Banyumas Residency. The language of Banyumasan is of Austronesian origin and is usually considered to be a dialect of Javanese.
Francis Henry May
Sir Francis Henry May GCMG KStJ (Chinese: 梅含理; 14 March 1860 – 6 February 1922) was a British colonial administrator who served as Governor of Fiji from 1911 to 1912 and Governor of Hong Kong from 1912 to 1918.

Governor of Fiji
Fiji was a British Crown colony from 1874 to 1970, and an independent dominion in the Commonwealth from 1970 to 1987. During this period, the head of state was the British monarch, but in practice the functions of the crown were normally exercised locally by the governor prior to independence (on 10 October 1970), and by the governor-general prior to the proclamation of a republic on 7 October 1987.

From 1877 to 3 July 1952, governors of Fiji were also high commissioners for the Western Pacific.
Brugg–Hendschiken railway line
The Brugg–Hendschiken railway line is a standard gauge railway line located in the canton of Aargau, in Switzerland. It runs 11.1 kilometres (6.9 mi) from Brugg AG to Hendschiken. The line runs north-south and interchanges with several other lines, including the Rupperswil–Immensee, Heitersberg / Zofingen–Wettingen, Baden–Aarau, and Bözberg. The Aargau Southern Railway opened the line in 1882 and it has belonged to Swiss Federal Railways since 1902.

Zofingen–Wettingen railway line
The Zofingen–Wettingen railway line is a standard-gauge line in Switzerland. It was opened on 6 September 1877 between Zofingen and Baden Oberstadt together with the Aarau–Suhr railway by the Swiss National Railway (Schweizerische Nationalbahn; SNB). The opening of the adjacent Baden Oberstadt–Wettingen section together with the Wettingen–Effretikon railway, which represented its continuation to the east, was delayed until 15 October 1877 due to construction delays at the Limmat bridge. The SNB went bankrupt in 1878, after which the line was acquired by the Swiss Northeastern Railway (Schweizerische Nordostbahn; NOB) from the bankrupt estate. The NOB became part of the Swiss Federal Railways with the nationalisation of the company in 1902.
2015 Australian Individual Speedway Championship
The 2015 Individual Speedway Australian Championship is a Motorcycle speedway competition organised by Motorcycling Australia (MA) for the Australian Solo Championship.

The four round series were held between 3 January and 10 January. In a change to the series points system, riders will score points from the "A" Finals which will count towards their overall series total. A Final points are: 4 points (1st), 3 points (2nd), 2 points (3rd) and 1 point (4th).

The rounds were held at the Gillman Speedway in Adelaide on 3 January, Olympic Park Speedway in Mildura on 5 January, Undera Park Speedway in Undera on 7 January, with the fourth and final round to be held at the Loxford Park Speedway in Kurri Kurri on 10 January.

Australian Solo Championship
The Australian Individual Speedway Championship historically known as the Australian Solo Championship is a motorcycle speedway championship held each year to determine the Australian national champion. It is organised by Motorcycling Australia (MA) and is the oldest continuously running national speedway championship in the world, having been run since 1926 with the exception of 1942-1945 when racing was suspended during World War II and 1955-1961 when the championship was not held.
2017–18 Basketball Champions League playoffs
The 2017–18 Basketball Champions League playoffs began on 6 March, and ended on 6 May, with the Final, to decide the champions of the 2017–18 season of the Basketball Champions League. 16 teams competed in the playoffs.

2017–18 Basketball Champions League
The 2017–18 Basketball Champions League was the second season of the Basketball Champions League (BCL), a European-wide professional basketball competition for clubs, that was launched by FIBA. The competition began on 19 September 2017, with the qualifying rounds, and concluded on 6 May 2018, including 20 domestic champions.

The Final Four, which was held 4–6 May, was hosted at the Olympic Indoor Hall in Athens, Greece. Hosts AEK Athens won their first Champions League title after defeating Monaco in the final. UCAM Murcia finished in third place while MHP Riesen Ludwigsburg was fourth.
Basudeb DasSarma
Basudeb DasSarma (1 January 1923 – 16 November 2007) was a chemist and faculty at the University College of Science and Technology of the University of Calcutta.  He was among an early group of Indian scholars and professionals to emigrate to the US.  He did groundbreaking research with John C. Bailar Jr. at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, won an American Chemical Society award in 1971  for his contributions to the understanding of coordination and stereo-chemistry of metal complexes, and became a naturalized US citizen in 1972.  He was a professor of chemistry at West Virginia State College from 1966 to 1992, President of the West Virginia Academy of Science, 1981–82, and a community leader and spokesman on environmental issues in the Kanawha Valley around Charleston, West Virginia. He died on 16 November 2007.

John C. Bailar Jr.
John Christian Bailar Jr. (May 27, 1904 – October 17, 1991) was a professor of inorganic chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He received his B.A. at the University of Colorado and his Ph.D. at the University of Michigan. His father was a member of the chemistry staff of the Colorado School of Mines.

At the University of Illinois, he developed an active research program on coordination chemistry. He is referred to as the “Father of Coordination Chemistry in the United States,” as prior to his time, this area of chemistry received little attention in the U.S. The Bailar twist in coordination compounds is named after him. He helped found the book series Inorganic Syntheses and the journal Inorganic Chemistry. His work was widely recognized culminating in the award of the Priestley Medal from the American Chemical Society, an organization of which he was also president.
Soviet Heavy Draft
The Soviet Heavy Draft is a Russian breed of heavy draft horse. It derives from the Belgian Brabant heavy draft breed. It was developed in the former Soviet Union for agricultural draft work, and was recognized as a breed in 1952.: 324  It is one of several heavy draft breeds developed in the Soviet Union in the twentieth century, others being the Russian Heavy Draft – which derived mainly from the Ardennais – and the Vladimir Heavy Draft, which was derived principally from the Clydesdale.

Ardennais
The Ardennais or Ardennes is one of the oldest breeds of draft horse, and originates from the Ardennes area in Belgium, Luxembourg, and France. They are heavy-boned with thick legs and are used for draft work.

Their history reaches back to Ancient Rome, and throughout the years blood from several other breeds has been added to the Ardennes, although only the Belgian breed had any significant impact. The first Ardennes were imported to the United States in the early 20th century, and the first breed registry was established in Europe in 1929. The horses have been used throughout history as war horses, both as cavalry mounts and to draw artillery, and are used today mainly for heavy draft and farm work, meat production and competitive driving events. They have also been used to influence or create several other horse breeds throughout Europe and Asia.
Sarisbury
Sarisbury is a village to the west of Park Gate within the borough of Fareham, Hampshire, in the south of England. Its focal point is Sarisbury Green (the two names are interchangeable) and the parish church of St Paul, formerly part of Titchfield parish. In previous times it was a rural locality dependent on fruit growing. At the 2011 Census the population of the ward was 7,385. Nearby villages include Bursledon, Hamble-le-Rice and Swanwick.

Titchfield
Titchfield is a village and former civil parish in the Fareham district, in southern Hampshire, England, by the River Meon. The village has a history stretching back to the sixth century. During the medieval period, the village operated a small port and market. Near to the village are the ruins of Titchfield Abbey, a place with strong associations with Shakespeare, through his patron, the Earl of Southampton.
Gotfred Johansen
Gotfred Svend Kristian Johansen (4 May 1895 – 2 February 1978) was a Danish lightweight professional boxer who competed in the 1920s. He was born in Copenhagen and died in Egebæksvang, Helsingør Municipality. He was the father of Eigil Johansen. Johansen won a silver medal in lightweight boxing at the 1920 Summer Olympics, losing to Samuel Mosberg in the final.

He represented the club IF Sparta, and won the Danish amateur championship in light weight 4 times, in 1916, 1918, 1919 and 1910.

His son Eigil Johansen participated in the 1952 Olympics in wrestling. Gotfred Johansen worked as a store clerk.

Samuel Mosberg
Samuel A. Mossberg or Mosberg (June 14, 1896 – August 30, 1967) was an American lightweight professional boxer who competed in the early 1920s.  He was managed by Billy Gibson and Jack Bulger for most of his professional career.
Kuroishi Domain
Kuroishi Domain (黒石藩, Kuroishi-han) was a tozama feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan.   It is located in northwestern Mutsu Province, Honshū. Its territory included 2000 koku in the area around present-day city of Kuroishi, 1000 koku in present-day Hiranani, and 2000 koku in what is now part of Ōta, Gunma. The domain was centered at Kuroishi Jin'ya, located in the center of what is now the city of Kuroishi in Aomori Prefecture.

Han system
Han (Japanese: 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Han or Bakufu-han (daimyo domain) served as a system of de facto administrative divisions of Japan alongside the de jure provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s.
Fryske Akademy
The Fryske Akademy (West Frisian pronunciation: [ˈfriskə akəˈdeːmi]; Frisian for Frisian Academy), founded in 1938, is the scientific centre for research and education concerning Friesland and its people, language and culture, this in its broadest sense. The institution is based in the Coulonhûs and adjacent buildings in Leeuwarden. Together with several other institutes it belongs to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW). It has about 60 employees. In addition, some 300 scientists, amateurs and professionals, are active in the scientific societies hosted by the Fryske Akademy.

West Frisian language
West Frisian (Westerlauwersk Frysk; Dutch: Westerlauwers Fries), or simply Frisian (Frysk [frisk]; Dutch: Fries [fris]), is a West Germanic language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland (Fryslân) in the north of the Netherlands, mostly by those of Frisian ancestry. It is the most widely spoken of the Frisian languages.

In the study of the evolution of English, West Frisian is notable as being the most closely related foreign tongue to the various dialects of Old English spoken across the Heptarchy, these being part of the Anglo-Frisian branch of the West Germanic family.
Dale Layer
Dale Layer (born May 16, 1958) is an American basketball coach, currently a special assistant to the head coach at Texas A&M in College Station, Texas. Previously he served as an assistant coach for the Greensboro Swarm of the NBA Development League. He was previously the head coach of the Liberty Flames men's basketball team. He was fired by the university on March 5, 2015, after finishing the season with only a 2–16 conference record and an 8–24 overall record.  It marks his second stint as a coach at Liberty; he spent the 2007–2008 campaign as an assistant to Ritchie McKay.

Ritchie McKay
Ritchie Lawrence McKay (born April 22, 1965) is an American basketball coach who is in his second stint as the head coach of the Liberty Flames of Liberty University. McKay for the previous six seasons had been the associate head coach to Tony Bennett for the Virginia Cavaliers at the University of Virginia. He had previously been the head coach of New Mexico, Oregon State, Colorado State, and Portland State.

On April 3, 2009, McKay was hand-selected by Bennett and lured from his head coaching position at Liberty to become associate head coach at Virginia. On April 1, 2015, he returned as head coach of the Liberty Flames. McKay holds the Liberty school record for single-season wins, with his team attaining a record of 30–4 (as of March 9, 2020) in the 2019–20 season after winning the ASUN Conference regular season and tournament championships.
German submarine U-2350
German submarine U-2350 was a Type XXIII U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 20 September 1944, and was laid down on 28 September 1944 at Deutsche Werft, Hamburg, as yard number 504. She was launched on 22 November 1944 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Werner Schauer on 23 December 1944.

Type XXIII submarine
German Type XXIII submarines were the first so-called elektroboote ("electric boats") to become operational. They were small coastal submarines designed to operate in the shallow waters of the North Sea, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea, where larger Type XXI electric boats were at risk in World War II. They were so small they could carry only two torpedoes, which had to be loaded externally. As with their far larger sisters—the Type XXI—they were able to remain submerged almost all of the time and were faster than conventional U-boats, due to the improved streamlining of their shape, batteries with larger capacity and the snorkel, which allowed the diesel engines to be used while submerged. The Type XXI and XXIII U-boats revolutionized post-war submarine design. Nearly a thousand Type XXIII boats were projected towards the close of World War II, but most of these were either cancelled, scrapped incomplete, or only projected.
Da Ding
Da Ding (Chinese: 大丁; pinyin: Dà Dīng) or Tai Ding (Chinese: 太丁; pinyin: Tài Dīng) was the eldest son of King Tang, but sources are conflicted as to whether he actually succeeded his father as the second king of the Shang dynasty or not.

Tang of Shang
Tang of Shang, (c. 1670 B.C. to c. 1587 B.C., born Zi Lü), recorded on oracle bones as Tai Yi or Da Yi, was the first king of the Shang dynasty. Tang is traditionally considered a virtuous ruler, as signified by his posthumous epithet Cheng Tang. According to legend, as the last leader of the Predynastic Shang he overthrew Jie, the last king of the Xia dynasty. As his reign precedes the Late Shang era, records of his life and reign are limited to oracle bone inscriptions and posthumous works.
Tyromancy
Tyromancy is a method of divination or fortune-telling using cheese. Written accounts of the practice date from the 2nd century AD, with it reaching the height of its popularity in the Middle Ages and early modern period. In the 21st century, the practice draws on methods from dream interpretation and antique spell manuals.

Dream interpretation
Dream interpretation is the process of assigning meaning to dreams. In many ancient societies, such as those of Egypt and Greece, dreaming was considered a supernatural communication or a means of divine intervention, whose message could be interpreted by people with these associated spiritual powers. In the modern era, various schools of psychology and neurobiology have offered theories about the meaning and purpose of dreams.
Chilobrachys huahini
Chilobrachys huahini also known as the Asian fawn, Hauhini bird spider or Hauhini birdeater tarantula is a tarantula which was first described in 1996 by Gunter Schmidt and Siegfried Huber. It is named after Hua Hin, Thailand, where it is found.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Svelvik Municipality
Svelvikⓘ [ˈsvæ̀ɽviːk] is a former municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The 58-square-kilometre (22 sq mi) municipality existed from 1845 until its dissolution in 2020. The area is now part of Drammen Municipality in Buskerud county. The administrative centre was the town of Svelvik. The other population centres in Svelvik included Nesbygda and Berger.

Buskerud
Buskerud (Urban East Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈbʉ̂skərʉː] ⓘ) is a county in Norway, bordering Akershus, Oslo, Innlandet, Vestland, Telemark and Vestfold. It extends from Oslofjord and Drammensfjord in the southeast to the Hardangervidda mountain range in the northwest. The administrative centre of the county is Drammen.

Buskerud was one of the three counties merged into Viken on 1 January 2020. On 23 February 2022, the Viken County Council voted 49-38 to submit an application to the Norwegian government for a demerger of itself. Due to this, Buskerud (except the area forming the defunct municipalities of Røyken and Hurum) was re-established in 2024.
Rinzenberg
Rinzenberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Birkenfeld, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Birkenfeld
Birkenfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪʁkn̩fɛlt] ⓘ) is a town and the district seat of the Birkenfeld district in southwest Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is also the seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde. The town itself has approximately 7,000 inhabitants.
The gospel
The gospel or good news is a theological concept in several religions. In the historical Roman imperial cult and today in Christianity, the gospel is a message about salvation by a divine figure, a savior, who has brought peace or other benefits to humankind. In Ancient Greek religion, the word designated a type of sacrifice or ritual dedication intended to thank the gods upon receiving good news.

The religious concept is found at least as far back as Greece's Classical era and Roman authors are known to have adopted it toward the end of the 1st century BCE. It is a central message of Christianity today, in which written accounts of the life and teaching of Jesus Christ are known as Gospels.

The concept of "gospel" is also significant in Islam, where it is referred to as the Injīl (Arabic: الإنجيل‎, romanized: Injīl, lit. 'good news'), believed to be a divine revelation given to ʿĪsā (Jesus).

Salvation
Salvation (from Latin: salvatio, from salva, 'safe, saved') is the state of being saved or protected from harm or a dire situation. In religion and theology, salvation generally refers to the deliverance of the soul from sin and its consequences. The academic study of salvation is called soteriology.
Bob Drewel
Robert J. Drewel (born 1945–46) is an American retired politician from Washington state. Drewel served as the county executive of Snohomish County, Washington from 1992 to 2004 and as the executive director of the Puget Sound Regional Council from 2004 to 2014. Prior to his career in politics, he was president of Everett Community College and a labor and personnel relations consultant.

Snohomish County Executive
The Snohomish County Executive is the head of the executive branch of Snohomish County, Washington. The position has four-year terms (with a term limit of three consecutive terms) and is a partisan office.