hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gurmit Singh (general)
Lieutenant General Gurmit Singh PVSM, UYSM, AVSM, VSM (born 1 February 1956) is a retired Indian Army officer who was the Deputy Chief Staff of the Indian Army from 2014 to 2016. Singh is serving as the  Governor of Uttarakhand since 15 September 2021. He has also worked in border issues and counter-terrorism.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Ursula Pritchard
Ursula Pritchard, originally known as Ursula Bowers and also known as Billy Bowers, is a former Wales netball international. She captained Wales at the 2006 Commonwealth Games and 2007 World Netball Championships. She also represented Wales at the 1999 and 2003 World Netball Championships and at the 2002 and 2014 Commonwealth Games. At club level, she captained Team Bath when they won the 2004 Super Cup and the 2005–06 and 2006–07 Netball Superleague titles.

Wales national netball team
The Wales national netball team, also known as the Welsh Feathers, represents Wales Netball in international netball competitions such as the Netball World Cup, the Commonwealth Games, the Netball Europe Open Championships, Netball World Cup Qualifiers and the Netball Singapore Nations Cup. Since 2005–06, Wales has also effectively competed in the Netball Super League, initially playing as Celtic Dragons and more recently as Cardiff Dragons. As of 1 September 2025, Wales are listed 6th on the World Netball Rankings.
Food and Drug Board of Authority
The Food and Drug Board of Authority (Burmese: အစားအသောက်နှင့် ဆေးဝါးကွပ်ကဲရေး ဦးစီးဌာန; abbreviated FDBA) is Burma's national regulatory agency, responsible for regulation of therapeutic goods, including the manufacture, import, export, storage, distribution and sale of food and drugs, in the interests of public safety. The agency was established under the 1992 National Drug Law. According to the 1992 law, the membership is led by the Minister of Health and Deputy Minister of Health, who act as Chairman and Vice-Chairman respectively. FDBA is the highest authority of food and drug regulations.

Ministry of Health (Myanmar)
The Ministry of Health (Burmese: ကျန်းမာရေးဝန်ကြီးဌာန, Burmese pronunciation: [tɕáɰ̃màjé wʊ̀ɰ̃dʑí tʰàna̰]; abbreviated MOH) is a national government-run ministry administering health affairs and health care in Myanmar, including all of the medical schools. In 2016, President Htin Kyaw dissolved the Ministry of Sports (Myanmar) and organized it under the Ministry of Health.

On 25 May 2016, it was renamed to Ministry of Health and Sports (Myanmar).

On 1 August 2021, the SAC reconstituted the Ministry of Health and Sports as Ministry of Health and Ministry of Sports and Youth Affairs.
Manuhuia Bennett
Christianity portal

Right Reverend Manuhuia "Manu" Augustus Bennett ONZ CMG (10 February 1916 – 20 December 2001) was a New Zealand Anglican Bishop in the second half of the 20th century.
He was born in Rotorua on 10 February 1916 into an ecclesiastical family: his father Frederick Augustus Bennett was the inaugural Bishop of Aotearoa. He identified with the Ngāti Whakaue, Ngāti Pikiao and Ngāti Rangitihi iwi. Educated at the University of Hawaiʻi and ordained in 1940, he was a Curate in the Diocese of Waiapu before becoming a Chaplain to the New Zealand Forces. When peace returned he was a Māori Missionary at Rangitīkei. Later he was Vicar of St Faith's Rotorua before being appointed Suffragan Bishop of Aotearoa in 1951. He was Bishop of Aotearoa from 1968 to 1981 and a member of the Waitangi Tribunal from 1986 to 1997. He died on 20 December 2001.

Order of New Zealand
The Order of New Zealand is the highest honour in the New Zealand royal honours system, created "to recognise outstanding service to the Crown and people of New Zealand in a civil or military capacity". It was instituted by royal warrant on 6 February 1987. The order is modelled on the Order of Merit and the Order of the Companions of Honour.
Salvo combat model
The salvo combat model provides a mathematical representation of anti-ship missile battles between modern warships. It was developed  by Wayne Hughes at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California, and published in 1995. The salvo model describes the basic elements of modern missile combat in a very simple manner. This is similar to how Lanchester's square law provides a simple model of modern gun combat.

Anti-ship missile
An anti-ship missile (AShM or ASM) is a guided missile that is designed for use against ships and large boats. Most anti-ship missiles are of the sea-skimming variety, and many use a combination of inertial guidance and active radar homing. A large number of other anti-ship missiles use infrared homing to follow the heat that is emitted by a ship; it is also possible for anti-ship missiles to be guided by radio command all the way.

Many anti-ship missiles can be launched from a variety of weapons systems including surface warships (also referred to as ship-to-ship missiles), submarines, bombers, fighter planes, patrol planes, helicopters, shore batteries, land vehicles, and, conceivably, even infantrymen firing shoulder-launched missiles. The term surface-to-surface missile (SSM) is used when appropriate. The longer-range anti-ship missiles are often called anti-ship cruise missiles. Several countries  are also developing anti-ship ballistic missiles.
Philip Michael Epstein
Philip Michael Epstein CM OOnt QC  is a Canadian family law lawyer.

Epstein was the co-founder and senior partner of Epstein Cole LLP, in Toronto, Ontario.  He authored numerous publications, acted as a policy advisor to the Canadian government on family law issues, was a regular lecturer at law schools in Toronto, and practiced in mediation, arbitration, and appellate advocacy.

Order of Ontario
The Order of Ontario (French: Ordre de l'Ontario) is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Ontario. Instituted in 1986 by Lieutenant Governor Lincoln Alexander, on the advice of the Cabinet under Premier David Peterson, the civilian order is administered by the Lieutenant Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Ontario residents for conspicuous achievements in any field.
Kuwait's First Constituency
The first constituency of Kuwait is a legislative constituency in Kuwait. Like the other four constituencies in Kuwait, it elects exactly 10 members to the National Assembly via plurality vote. As of 2022, it currently represents twenty residential areas and has an electorate of 100,185. The Hawalli and Capital governates are divided between the first, second and third constituencies.

Constituencies of the National Assembly of Kuwait
Kuwait is divided into five multi-member constituencies for the election of members to the unicameral National Assembly. These five electoral districts represent 112 residential areas distributed among the six governorates of Kuwait. Each constituency, regardless of population, directly elects 10 representatives to the National Assembly via plurality vote, for a total of 50 members.
Nabadwip Dham–Malda Town Express
The Nabadwip Dham–Malda Town Express is an Express train belonging to Eastern Railway zone that runs between Malda Town and Nabadwip Dham railway station in Indian state of West Bengal. It is currently being operated with 13421/13422 train numbers on a daily basis.

Malda Town railway station
Malda Town Railway Station is a railway station on the Howrah–New Jalpaiguri line under Malda railway division of Eastern Railway zone. It serves the city of Malda in the Indian state of West Bengal. One of the first two Amrit Bharat Express trains originating from this station towards SMVT Bengaluru station was flagged off on 30 December 2023. It is 89th number railway station out of top 100 railway station of India in terms of revenue.
Dominion of Fiji
Fiji, also known as the Dominion of Fiji, was an independent state from 1970 to 1987, a Commonwealth realm in which the British monarch, Elizabeth II, remained head of state as Queen of Fiji, represented by the Governor-General. The state was the successor of the British Colony of Fiji which was given independence in October 1970 and it survived until the Republic of Fiji was proclaimed on 6 October 1987 after two military coups, at which time Queen Elizabeth II was removed as head of state, albeit, without any consent from the people of Fiji themselves.

During this time, Fiji's highest court was the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, which was above the Supreme Court of Fiji in the Fijian judicial system.

1987 Fijian coups d'état
The Fijian coups d'état of 1987 resulted in the overthrow of the elected government of Fijian Prime Minister Timoci Bavadra, the deposition of Elizabeth II as Queen of Fiji, and in the declaration of a republic.  The first coup d'état, in which Bavadra was deposed, took place on 14 May 1987; a second coup d'état on 25 September ended the monarchy, and was shortly followed by the proclamation of a republic on 10 October.  Both military actions were led by Lieutenant Colonel Sitiveni Rabuka, then third in command of the Royal Fiji Military Forces.
Capillary electrochromatography
In chemical analysis, capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is a chromatographic technique in which the mobile phase is driven through the chromatographic bed by electro-osmosis. Capillary electrochromatography is a combination of two analytical techniques, high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis aims to separate analytes on the basis of their mass-to-charge ratio by passing a high voltage across ends of a capillary tube, which is filled with the analyte. High-performance liquid chromatography separates analytes by passing them, under high pressure, through a column filled with stationary phase. The interactions between the analytes and the stationary phase and mobile phase lead to the separation of the analytes. In capillary electrochromatography capillaries, packed with HPLC stationary phase, are subjected to a high voltage. Separation is achieved by electrophoretic migration of solutes and differential partitioning.

Capillary electrophoresis
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a family of electrokinetic separation methods performed in submillimeter diameter capillaries and in micro- and nanofluidic channels. Very often, CE refers to capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), but other electrophoretic techniques including capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE), capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF), capillary isotachophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) belong also to this class of methods. In CE methods, analytes migrate through electrolyte solutions under the influence of an electric field. Analytes can be separated according to ionic mobility and/or partitioning into an alternate phase via non-covalent interactions. Additionally, analytes may be concentrated or "focused" by means of gradients in conductivity and pH.
1999 Irwindale 250 presented by Jan's Towing
The 1999 Irwindale 250 presented by Jan's Towing was the seventh stock car race of the 1999 NASCAR Winston West Series season and the first iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, June 19, 1999, at Irwindale Speedway, a 0.500 mile (0.804 km) oval shaped racetrack in Bakersfield, California. The race took the scheduled 250 laps to complete. The race was won by Steve Portenga, his first win of the season and the first of his career. With 16 laps remaining, NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series drivers Ron Hornaday Jr. and Mike Wallace led the race, but the race was slowed by Wallace crashing, and after pit stops, Bill Sedgwick and Portenga battled for the lead, with Portenga passing Sedgwick in the first turn on the final lap. Sedgwick finished second, followed by Butch Gilliland in third, Hornaday in fourth, and Wallace, despite the crash, remained on the lead lap in fifth.

West Series races at Irwindale
The ARCA Menards Series West held several races at Irwindale Speedway in Irwindale, California over the years. The track previously had two races for the series which were both in July. Races at the track have varied from 50 miles to 150 miles in length.
Ed Lewis (wrestler)
Robert Herman Julius Friedrich (June 30, 1891 – August 8, 1966), better known by the ring name Ed "Strangler" Lewis, was an American professional wrestler and trainer. During his wrestling career, which spanned four decades, Lewis was a four-time World Heavyweight Wrestling Champion and overall recognized officially as a five-time world champion. Considered to be one of the most iconic and recognizable sports stars of the 1920s, often alongside boxer Jack Dempsey and baseball player Babe Ruth, Lewis notably wrestled in over 6,000 matches (many of which were real contests) and lost only 32 of them.

He was posthumously inducted as a charter member into the following halls of fame: Wrestling Observer Newsletter, Professional Wrestling, George Tragos/Lou Thesz and WWE's Legacy Wing. One of the most legitimately feared grapplers of all time, Lewis was known for his catch wrestling prowess and trained many future champions, most notably Lou Thesz, Danny Hodge, Dick Hutton and Gene LeBell.

Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum
The Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame (PWHF) and Museum was an American professional wrestling hall of fame and museum located in Wichita Falls, Texas; following the postponement of its 19th induction ceremony, planned for May 2020, and an announced temporary closure to expand the museum, its status was changed to "closed due to water leaks" in 2021, and never re-opened.

The museum was founded by Tony Vellano in 1999, and was previously in Amsterdam, New York and Schenectady, New York. Its purpose was to "preserve and promote the dignified history of professional wrestling and to enshrine and pay tribute to professional wrestlers who have advanced this national pastime in terms of athletics and entertainment." It was not affiliated with any professional wrestling promotion.
Winifred Nicholson
Rosa Winifred Nicholson (née Roberts; 21 December 1893 – 5 March 1981) was a British painter. She was married to the painter Ben Nicholson, and was thus the daughter-in-law of the painter William Nicholson and his wife, the painter Mabel Pryde. She was the mother of the painter Kate Nicholson.

Mabel Pryde
Mabel Scott Lauder Pryde (12 February 1871 – July 1918) was a Scottish artist, the wife of artist William Nicholson, and the mother of artists Ben Nicholson and Nancy Nicholson and the architect Christopher Nicholson.
Boxer Indemnities
The Boxer Indemnities (simplified Chinese: 庚子赔款; traditional Chinese: 庚子賠款; pinyin: Gēngzǐ Péikuǎn) were payments required by the Qing dynasty to foreign powers following its defeat in the Boxer Rebellion and the 9 September 1901 Boxer Protocol which concluded it. In addition to the formal indemnities required through the Boxer Protocol, local and provincial Qing governments also paid indemnities to various private claimants, particularly foreign missionaries and churches.

Boxer Protocol
The Boxer Protocol was a diplomatic protocol signed in China's capital Beijing on September 7, 1901, between the Qing Empire of China and the Eight-Nation Alliance that had provided military forces (including France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Austria-Hungary, Japan, Russia, and the United States) as well as Belgium, Spain, and the Netherlands, after China's defeat in the intervention to put down the Boxer Rebellion. The protocol is regarded as one of China's unequal treaties.
Wedding of Crown Prince Tupoutoʻa ʻUlukalala and Sinaitakala Fakafanua
The wedding of Crown Prince Tupouto'a 'Ulukalala and Sinaitakala Fakafanua was held on 12 July 2012, at the Centennial Church in Nukuʻalofa, Tonga. Tongan Crown Prince Tupoutoʻa ʻUlukalala married Sinaitakala Fakafanua, his second cousin and 26th in line to the throne, during the ceremony.

The wedding marked the first marriage of a Tongan Crown Prince in sixty-five years. However, the union caused some controversy among Tongans, as the bride and groom are second cousins.

Nukuʻalofa
Nukuʻalofa (/ˌnuːkuəˈloʊfə/ NOO-koo-ə-LOH-fə, Tongan: [nukuʔaˈlofa]) is the capital and largest city of Tonga. It is located on the north coast of the island of Tongatapu, in the country's southernmost island group.
Gull Rock, Madison
41°16′02.5″N 72°35′54.2″W﻿ / ﻿41.267361°N 72.598389°W﻿ / 41.267361; -72.598389

Gull Rock is a small rock ledge 542 feet (165 meters) off the coast of Madison in New Haven County, Connecticut. It is 883 square feet (82.0 square meters) in size and made of glacial granite. It was named due to the large numbers of seabirds that rest there. Some parts of Gull Rock are covered in hardy plants during the summer months, and invertebrates thrive here. The island and its neighbors are occasionally considered to be part of the Thimble Islands, though this is uncommon. A steel seawall, now decrepit and unused, runs submerged from Gull Rock to the shore.

Thimble Islands
The Thimble Islands is an archipelago consisting of small islands in Long Island Sound, located in and around the harbor of Stony Creek in the southeast corner of Branford, Connecticut. The islands are under the jurisdiction of the United States with security provided by the town of Branford police and the US Coast Guard.

The archipelago of islands made up of pink Stony Creek granite bedrock were once the tops of hills prior to the last ice age. As a result, the Thimble Islands are much more stable than most other islands in Long Island Sound, which are terminal moraines of rubble deposited by retreating glaciers.
Orašac Assembly
The Orašac Assembly[a] was the gathering of 300 Serbian chiefs and rebels on 14 February [O.S. 2 February] 1804 (Presentation of Jesus) at Orašac, a village near Aranđelovac, following the "Slaughter of the Knezes" which saw notable Serbs murdered by the renegade Janissaries (the Dahije) in January which prompted the Serbs to rise up against the tyranny (known in historiography as the "Uprising against the Dahije"), resulting in the First Serbian Uprising against the Ottoman Empire. Karađorđe was appointed leader of the Serbian rebels after they all raised their "three fingers in the air" and thereby swore oath. The site of the assembly, Marićevića jaruga, is today a memorial complex.

Slaughter of the Knezes
The Slaughter of the Knezes (Serbian: Сеча кнезова, romanized: Seča knezova) was a campaign of organized murders and assaults of notable Serbs in the Belgrade Pashalik (Sanjak of Smederevo) in January–February 1804 by the renegade Janissaries known as "Dahije", who had seized power in a coup against the Vizier Hadji Mustafa Pasha in 1800–1801. Fearing Serbian plans of rebellion, they decided to execute leading Serbs throughout the pashalik. At least 95 notable Serbs were murdered, many whose decapitated heads were put on public display. Notable victims were Aleksa Nenadović, Ilija Birčanin, Hadži-Ruvim. The event triggered the First Serbian Uprising, aimed at putting an end to the centuries of Ottoman occupation.
Rationalizable strategy
Rationalizability is a solution concept in game theory. It is the most permissive possible solution concept that still requires both players to be at least somewhat rational and know the other players are also somewhat rational, i.e. that they do not play dominated strategies. A strategy is rationalizable if there exists some possible set of beliefs both players could have about each other's actions, that would still result in the strategy being played.

Rationalizability is a broader concept than a Nash equilibrium. Both require players to respond optimally to some belief about their opponents' actions, but Nash equilibrium requires these beliefs to be correct, while rationalizability does not. Rationalizability was first defined, independently, by Bernheim (1984) and Pearce (1984).

Strategic dominance
In game theory, a strategy A dominates another strategy B if A will always produce a better result than B, regardless of how any other player plays. Some very simple games (called straightforward games) can be solved using dominance.
Gutterflower
Gutterflower is the seventh studio album by American rock band the Goo Goo Dolls. It was released in 2002 on Warner Bros. Records. It is the follow-up to their critically successful albums Dizzy Up the Girl and A Boy Named Goo. The album was commercially successful upon its release, hitting No. 4 on the Billboard 200, their highest position on the chart.

Dizzy Up the Girl
Dizzy Up the Girl is the sixth studio album by American rock band Goo Goo Dolls, released on September 22, 1998, through Warner Bros. Records. The album is often noted for being the release which propelled the Goo Goo Dolls into a higher tier of stardom, although they had already scored a Billboard top five hit with the downbeat track "Name" in 1995. Dizzy features more mainstream compositions than they had previously recorded. It is also the band's first album to feature drummer Mike Malinin.
Lucas Van Looy
Lucas Van Looy S.D.B. (born 28 September 1941) is a Belgian prelate of the Catholic Church who was Bishop of Ghent from 2004 to 2019. He worked as a missionary in South Korea for more than a decade and held leadership positions with the Salesians from 1984 to 2003.

Although Pope Francis planned to make him a cardinal in August 2022, he agreed not to at Van Looy's request.

Salesians of Don Bosco
The Salesians of Don Bosco (SDB), formally known as the Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Latin: Societas Sancti Francisci Salesii), is a religious congregation of men in the Catholic Church, founded in 1859 by the Italian priest John Bosco to help poor and migrant youth during the Industrial Revolution. The congregation was named after Francis de Sales, a 17th-century bishop of Geneva.

The Salesians' charter describes the society's mission as "the Christian perfection of its associates obtained by the exercise of spiritual and corporal works of charity towards the young, especially the poor, and the education of boys to the priesthood". Its associated women's institute is the Salesian Sisters of Don Bosco, while the lay movement is the Association of Salesian Cooperators.
Mrs. Brown, You've Got a Lovely Daughter (film)
Mrs. Brown, You've Got a Lovely Daughter is a 1968 British musical comedy film directed by Saul Swimmer and starring Peter Noone. The film showcases the British rock band Herman's Hermits, and is their second and final feature film, following Hold On! in 1966. The group sings nine songs including the title track and the romantic hit song "There's a Kind of Hush".

Hold On! (film)
Hold On! is a 1966 American musical film directed by Arthur Lubin and starring Peter Noone, Shelley Fabares, Herbert Anderson, and Sue Ane Langdon. The film features performances by Herman's Hermits and stars the band as fictionalized versions of themselves. The soundtrack was released as an album, also called Hold On!.