hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Littleton Purnell Franklin
Littleton Purnell Franklin (January 18, 1831- April 9, 1888) was an American politician. He served in the Maryland House of Representatives and the Maryland Senate. He was also a member of the 1867 Constitutional Convention of Maryland.

Constitution of Maryland
The current Constitution of the State of Maryland, which was ratified by the people of the state on September 18, 1867, forms the basic law for the U.S. state of Maryland. It replaced the short-lived Maryland Constitution of 1864 and is the fourth constitution under which the state has been governed. It was last amended in 2024.

At approximately 47,000 words (including annotations), the Maryland Constitution is much longer than the average length of a state constitution in the United States, which is about 26,000 words (the United States Constitution is about 8,700 words long).
Masato (kickboxer)
Masato Kobayashi (小林 雅人, Kobayashi Masato; born March 10, 1979) is a Japanese retired welterweight kickboxer. He was the ISKA World Welterweight Oriental Rules champion, as well as the winner of the K-1 WORLD MAX World tournament in 2003 and 2008. In addition, he was also the runner-up of the K-1 World MAX World tournament in 2004 and 2007.

Prior to the K-1 Rising event in Madrid in May 2012, it was announced that Masato will be working as an executive producer for K-1.

ISKA (sports governing body)
The ISKA (originally International Sport Karate Association, later also called the International Sport Kickboxing Association) is  international bodies regulating sport karate and kickboxing matches.
It is based in the United States. It was established in 1985 as a response to legal and revenue issues that sent the Professional Karate Association (PKA) into decline.
Valle di Maddaloni
Valle di Maddaloni is a comune (municipality) of 2 661 inhabitants in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Naples and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) east of Caserta.

In the communal territory is the Caroline Aqueduct, built by architect Luigi Vanvitelli to carry water from Monte Taburno to the Caserta Palace.

Royal Palace of Caserta
The Royal Palace of Caserta (Italian: Reggia di Caserta [ˈrɛddʒa di kaˈzɛrta, - kaˈsɛrta]; Neapolitan: Reggia 'e Caserta [ˈrɛdːʒ(ə) e kaˈsertə]) is a former royal residence in Caserta, Campania, 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Naples in southern Italy, constructed by the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies as their main residence as kings of Naples. The complex is the largest palace erected in Europe during the 18th century. In 1997, the palace was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site; its nomination described it as "the swan song of the spectacular art of the Baroque, from which it adopted all the features needed to create the illusions of multidirectional space". The Royal Palace of Caserta is the largest former royal residence in the world, over 2 million m3 in volume covering an area of 47,000 m2 and a floorspace of 138,000 square metres distributed across five floors.
Human rights in Nigeria
Human rights in Nigeria are protected under the  current constitution of 1999. While Nigeria has made major improvements in human rights under this constitution, the American Human Rights Report of 2012 notes several areas where more improvement is needed, which includes: abuses by Boko Haram, killings by government forces, lack of social equality and issues with freedom of speech. The Human Rights Watch's 2015 World Report states that intensified violence by Boko Haram, restrictions of LGBT rights and government corruption continue to undermine the status of human rights in Nigeria.

Constitution of Nigeria
The constitution of Nigeria is the written supreme law of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Nigeria has had many constitutions. Its current form was enacted on 29 May 1999 and kickstarted the Fourth Nigerian Republic. The constitution of Nigeria in the 2025 version does not fully support human rights. Contrary to normal western constitutions, who state "all persons are equal", the Nigerian constitution restricts this to citizens only, stating "All citizens are equal ...".
Lamoille (Vermont Senate district)
The Lamoille district is one of 13 Vermont Senate districts included in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2010 U.S. census. The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020.  A new plan will be developed in 2022 following the 2020 U.S. census.

The Lamoille district includes all of Lamoille County except the town of Wolcott which are in the Essex-Orleans district.

Vermont Senate
The Vermont Senate is the upper house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Vermont. The senate consists of 30 members elected from multi-member districts. Each senator represents at least 20,300 citizens. Senators are elected to two-year terms and there is no limit to the number of terms a senator may serve.

As in other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the U.S. Senate, the Vermont Senate has special functions, such as confirming or rejecting gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, the state cabinet, commissions, boards, and (for the first six-year term) the state's judiciary.

The Vermont Senate meets at the Vermont State House in the state capital of Montpelier.
Casey Powell Lacrosse 16
Casey Powell Lacrosse 16 is a field lacrosse simulation video game developed by Big Ant Studios and published by Crosse Studios for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One that was released on March 9, 2016. Casey Powell was a star lacrosse player at Syracuse University and in Major League Lacrosse.

Community Share has allowed for over 50 collegiate lacrosse teams and more than 9 pro lacrosse teams and developer-created teams.

Big Ant Studios
Big Ant Studios is an Australian video game developer based in Melbourne. Founded in 2000 by chief executive officer Ross Symons, the company specialises in the development of sports games. Big Ant's games include Cricket 22, Rugby League Live 4, AFL Live, AFL 23,AFL26,  Cricket 24, Rugby 25 and Tiebreak: Official game of the ATP and WTA.
Ellen Savage
Ellen Savage, GM (17 October 1912 – 25 April 1985) was an Australian army nurse and hospital matron

 from Quirindi, New South Wales.

Savage was the only nurse to survive the sinking of the hospital ship Centaur off the Queensland coast in 1943. She was a founding member of the Australian College of Nursing, and a recipient of the George Medal and of a Florence Nightingale memorial scholarship.

George Medal
The George Medal (GM), instituted on 24 September 1940 by King George VI, is a decoration of the United Kingdom and Commonwealth, awarded for gallantry, typically by civilians, or in circumstances where military honours are not appropriate.
Air Italy (2018–2020)
Air Italy (registered as AIR ITALY S.p.A.) was a privately owned Italian airline, headquartered in Olbia, Sardinia. In 2019, the company was the second largest airline in Italy, behind Italian flag carrier Alitalia, and the 40th largest in Europe by number of passengers in 2019. The airline was a subsidiary of AQA Holding, owned by Alisarda (51%) and Qatar Airways (49%). The airline operated a fleet of Boeing 737NG, Boeing 737 MAX 8 and Airbus A330 aircraft to over 34 scheduled domestic, European and intercontinental destinations. The airline operated from its main hub at Milan Malpensa Airport.

On 11 February 2020, Air Italy ceased operations and went into liquidation, announcing that all routes would be served until 25 February 2020 by third-party carriers. However, on 19 February 2020, the airline re-opened ticket sales for their Milan Linate-Olbia and Rome-Fiumicino-Olbia PSO routes and operated them until 16 April 2020.

Olbia
Olbia (Italian: [ˈɔlbja] ⓘ, locally [ˈolbja]; Sardinian: Terranoa; Gallurese: Tarranoa) is a city and comune, which along with Tempio Pausania is a co-capital of the province of Gallura North-East Sardinia, Sardinia, Italy, in the historical region of Gallura. Called Olbia in the Roman age, Civita in the Middle Ages (Judicates period) and Terranova Pausania until the 1940s, Olbia has again been the official name of the city since the fascist period.
Oliver Roggisch
Oliver Roggisch (born 25 August 1978 in Villingen-Schwenningen) is a retired German team handball player and coach. He is the sporting director for the Löwen and the German national team. Roggisch is a World champion from 2007 with the German national team. He participated for the German team that finished fourth at the 2008 European Men's Handball Championship.

2007 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2007 World Men's Handball Championship was the 20th edition of the tournament that took place from 19 January to 4 February 2007 in Germany. 24 national teams played in 12 German cities. It was the 20th edition of the World Championship in team handball and was won by the hosts.
Duane Johnson
Duane Alexander Johnson (born April 2, 1991) is an American professional basketball player for Mogi das Cruzes Basquete of the Novo Basquete Brasil. He played college basketball for the East Stroudsburg Warriors, where he was part of four straight PSAC Final Four teams and three NCAA Division II Tournament teams. He has since played professionally in Australia, Ireland, Luxembourg and Israel.

East Stroudsburg Warriors
The East Stroudsburg Warriors are the athletic teams that represent East Stroudsburg University of Pennsylvania, located in East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports.

The Warriors are members of the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC) for all eighteen varsity sports and have been members of the PSAC since its foundation in 1951.
2016 Uzbekistan Cup final
2016 Uzbekistan Cup final (in Uzbek: Futbol boʻyicha 2016-yilgi Oʻzbekiston Kubogi finali) was the final match of 2016 Uzbekistan Cup. The final match was held on November 30, 2016, at the Dinamo Stadium in Samarkand between Lokomotiv Tashkent and Nasaf Karshi. Lokomotiv became the champion for the second time in its history.

PFC Lokomotiv Tashkent
PFC Lokomotiv Tashkent (Uzbek: Профессионал футбол Клуби Локомотив Тошкент) is an Uzbek professional football club based in Tashkent.

The owner and main sponsor of the club is the state-owned Uzbek Railways.
BM Neptuno
Club Balonmano Neptuno/Atlético de Madrid was a Spanish professional handball team based in Madrid, Spain. Part of the Atlético Madrid sports organization. They played two seasons in the Liga ASOBAL and their home court was the Palacio Vistalegre.

Liga ASOBAL
Liga Asobal is the premier professional handball league in Spain. It was founded in 1958 with the name of División de Honor, changing its name to the current name in 1990.
The Liga ASOBAL, which is played under EHF rules, currently consists of 16 teams, including famous ones like FC Barcelona, Ademar León, Bidasoa and Granollers.

Famous handball players who have played in the league include Jackson Richardson, Talant Dujshebaev, Staffan Olsson, Mikhail Yakimovich, Ólafur Stefánsson, Oleg Kisselev, Alberto Urdiales, Mateo Garralda, Enric Masip, Iñaki Urdangarin, David Barrufet, Kristian Kjelling, Mikkel Hansen, Petar Metličić, Ivano Balić, Juanín García, Mats Olsson, David Davis, László Nagy, Raúl Entrerríos, Alberto Entrerríos, and many others.
Navina Evans
Ahalia Navina Evans CBE is a British retired child and adolescent psychiatry consultant and healthcare administrator who was the Chief Workforce, Training & Education Officer of NHS England between 2023 and 2025. She was previously the chief executive officer of East London NHS Foundation Trust between 2016 and 2020 and chief executive of Health Education England between 2020 and 2023. Evans has been the Health Executive in Residence at the UCL Global Business School for Health since September 2025 and is a Visiting Professor at the University of Greater Manchester Medical School.

NHS England
NHS England is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health and Social Care. It oversees the budget, planning, delivery and day-to-day operation of the commissioning side of the National Health Service in England as set out in the Health and Social Care Act 2012. It directly commissions NHS general practitioners, dentists, optometrists and some specialist services.

NHS England is due to be absorbed into the Department of Health and Social Care, in a two-year process begun in 2025.
Chaudhary Udaybhan Singh
Chaudhary Udaybhan Singh is an Indian politician and a member of 12th and 17th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh of India. He represents the Fatehpur Sikri (Assembly constituency) in Agra district of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He is known best for his decision. Currently he is serving as Minister of State for Khadi and Villages Industries, Sericulture Industries, Textile, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise, Export Promotion in Government of Uttar Pradesh.

17th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Seventeenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (Seventeenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 19 March 2017 as a result of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, 2017 held from 11 February to 8 March 2017. The Legislative Assembly had total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member, Dr. Denzil J. Godin).

The term of the 17th assembly was from 19 March 2017 to 12 March 2022.
Gabby Logan
Gabrielle Nicole Logan (née Yorath; born 24 April 1973) is a Welsh television and radio presenter, and a former rhythmic gymnast who represented Wales and Great Britain. She hosted Final Score for BBC Sport from 2009 until 2013. She has also presented live sports events for the BBC, including a revived episode of Superstars in December 2012 and the London Marathon since 2015. Since 2013, she has co-hosted Sports Personality of the Year for the BBC and she presented the second series of The Edge in 2015.

In August 2025, Logan became one of three presenters of Match of the Day, alongside Mark Chapman and Kelly Cates.

Mark Chapman (broadcaster)
Andrew Mark Chapman (born 11 October 1973) is a British television and radio sports presenter. He is BBC Sport' chief rugby league presenter, fronting BBC's coverage of the Rugby League World Cup and RFL Challenge Cup matches. He is also co-lead presenter of BBC's football coverage programme Match of the Day, following the departure of Gary Lineker, having previously presented Match of the Day 2 during Lineker's time at the BBC. He is also involved in Sky Sports's coverage of the Premier League and the EFL Cup.

He also hosts Sports Report on BBC Radio 5 Live, one of the longest-running programmes on British radio, and The Monday Night Club.
Barbara Nwaba
Barbara Udoezi Nwaba (born January 18, 1989) is an American track and field athlete who represents the Santa Barbara Track Club. Nwaba is known for the pentathlon and heptathlon. She is the 2015 USA Outdoor Track and Field champion in the heptathlon.

2015 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 2015 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships were held at Hayward Field, University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Organized by USA Track and Field, the four-day competition took place June 25–28 and served as the national championships in track and field for the United States. The event was held in conjunction with the USA Junior Outdoor Track & Field Championships.
Melisa Wallack
Melisa Wallack is an American screenwriter and film director. Wallack and fellow screenwriter Craig Borten were nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the 2013 film Dallas Buyers Club.

Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award (also known as an Oscar) for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material; writers with "written by", "screenplay" or "story" credits are all collectively recognized as recipients for each nomination.

The category was created in 1940, and has always existed concurrently with the Best Adapted Screenplay category (conversely for films based on pre-existing intellectual properties); originally, it also co-existed with a third writing category, Best Story, which had been active since the original Academy Awards ceremony in 1929; this latter award was meant to reward specifically writers who originated a film's plot and characters rather than those who wrote the dialogue and final screenplay, although Best Story would later be merged into Best Original Screenplay in 1956.
P. Ramachandran
P. Ramachandran (11 July 1921 – 23 May 2001) was an Indian politician and Member of the Legislative Assembly. In parliament he represented Tamil Nadu. He was also Governor of Kerala (1982–1988).

In the assembly he was elected from  Cheyyar Constituency in 1957 and from

Peranamallur constituency as an Indian National Congress candidate in 1962. He was later elected to Lok Sabha from Chennai Central constituency as a Janata Party candidate in 1977.
He was also best friend of Sivaji Ganesan

Peranamallur Assembly constituency
Peranamallur is a former state assembly constituency in Tamil Nadu in present-day Tiruvanamalai district since 1989. Prior to that, it was part of North Arcot district. Elections and winners in the constituency are listed below.
2022 Memorial Van Damme
The 2022 Memorial Van Damme was the 46th edition of the annual track and field meeting in Brussels, Belgium. Held on 2 September at the King Baudouin Stadium, it was the twelfth and penultimate leg of the 2022 Diamond League – the highest level international track and field circuit. The shot put event was held on 1 September, the day before the rest of the meeting. Although Memorial Van Damme and Weltklasse Zürich co-hosted the finals in 2019, in 2021 and 2022 the series moved to a single final in Zürich.

For Americans, the meeting was highlighted by Grant Fisher losing to Jacob Krop but running 12:46.96 to break the American record over 5000 metres.

Pre-race favorites Mondo Duplantis, Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce, and Laura Muir were upset by Ernest John Obiena, Shericka Jackson, and Ciara Mageean. Erriyon Knighton won the 200 metres as an 18 year old, while Kara Winger won the javelin throw 12 years after she was the last American to win the event at a Diamond League competition.

2022 Weltklasse Zürich
The 2022 Weltklasse Zürich was an outdoor track and field meeting in Zürich, Switzerland. Held on 7–8 September 2022 at the Letzigrund, it served as the finals of the 2022 Diamond League – the highest level international track and field circuit. It was the second time that Zürich exclusively hosted the Diamond League finals, after the 2021 edition.

The meeting was highlighted by 2022 world leads from Jakob Ingebrigtsen, Marileidy Paulino, and Emmanuel Korir on the track. Despite headwinds, the women's sprints were fast with Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce running 10.65 in the 100 metres.
Petar Beron (politician)
Petar Beron (Bulgarian: Петър Берон), born 14 March 1940 in Sofia, Bulgaria, is a Bulgarian academic and politician.
He was leader of the United Democratic Forces (SDS) in from August 1990 to 4 December 1990 (heading the second-largest political party at the time). He was a vice-presidential candidate in 1992 and a presidential candidate in 2001 and 2006.

1992 Bulgarian presidential election
Direct presidential elections were held for the first time in Bulgaria on 12 January 1992, with a second round on 19 January. The result was a victory for incumbent President Zhelyu Zhelev of the Union of Democratic Forces, who won 52.8% of the vote in the second round. Voter turnout was 75.4% in the first round and 75.9% in the second. Zhelev had originally been elected as president by the Grand National Assembly in 1990.
Samuel Pearse
Samuel George Pearse, VC, MM (16 July 1897 – 29 August 1919) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Serving in the Australian Imperial Force during the First World War, he saw action during the final weeks of the Gallipoli Campaign in 1915 and later on the Western Front from 1916 to 1918. Following the Armistice he fought as part of the North Russia Relief Force with the British Army during the North Russia Campaign in 1919. He was killed after charging a machine gun post during an action at Emtsa, in North Russia, for which he was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross.

Military Medal
The Military Medal (MM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other arms of the armed forces, and to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land. The award was established in 1916, with retrospective application to 1914, and was awarded to other ranks for "acts of gallantry and devotion to duty under fire". The award was discontinued in 1993, when it was replaced by the Military Cross, which was extended to all ranks, while other Commonwealth nations instituted their own award systems in the post war period.
Omar ibn Said
Omar ibn Said (Arabic: عمر بن سعيد‎, romanized: ʿUmar bin Saeed or Omar ben Saeed; c. 1770–1864) was a Fula Muslim scholar from Futa Toro in West Africa (present-day Senegal), who was enslaved and transported to the United States in 1807 during the Trans-Atlantic slave trade. Remaining enslaved for the remainder of his life, he wrote a series of Arabic-language works on history and theology, including a short autobiography.

Imamate of Futa Toro
The Imamate of Futa Toro (Arabic: إمامة فوتة تورو; Fula: Imaama Futa Toro; French: Imamat de Futa Toro) was a West African theocratic monarchy of the Fula-speaking people (Fulɓe and Toucouleurs) in the middle valley of the Senegal River, in the region known as Futa Toro. Following the trend of jihads in the late 17th century and early 18th century, the religious leader Sulayman Bal led a jihad in 1776. His successor, the expansionist Abdul Kader defeated the emirates of Trarza and Brakna and by his death in 1806, power became decentralized between a few elite families of Torodbes. Threatened by both the expansion of the Toucouleur Empire and the French in the mid-19th century, Futa Toro was eventually annexed in 1859. By the 1860s, the power of the Almamy became nominal and the state was further weakened when a cholera epidemic killed a quarter of its population in 1868.
Novus Records
Novus Records (later Arista Novus and RCA Novus) was an American jazz record label run by Steve Backer. Backer worked at Impulse! Records until 1974, when Clive Davis, founder of Arista Records, asked him to oversee the jazz division at Arista.

Backer left Arista in the early 1980s, worked for Windham Hill Records, and then went to RCA to run Novus. Novus's roster included Muhal Richard Abrams, Warren Bernhardt, Steve Coleman, Larry Coryell, Oliver Lake, Steve Lacy, James Moody, Hilton Ruiz, and Henry Threadgill. Beginning in 1989, Backer signed Marcus Roberts, Roy Hargrove, Danilo Pérez, Antonio Hart, and Christopher Hollyday. The label closed in the mid-1990s. The catalogue is now managed by Sony Masterworks through its Masterworks Jazz imprint.

Muhal Richard Abrams
Muhal Richard Abrams (born Richard Lewis Abrams; September 19, 1930 – October 29, 2017) was an American educator, administrator, composer, arranger, clarinetist, cellist, and jazz pianist in the free jazz medium. He recorded and toured the United States, Canada and Europe with his orchestra, sextet, quartet, duo, and as a solo pianist.