hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iowa Highway 346
Iowa Highway 346 (Iowa 346) is a short state highway in north-northeastern Iowa.  Iowa 346 begins at U.S. Route 218 / Iowa Highway 27 at Nashua, Iowa and ends at the intersection of U.S. Highway 18 and U.S. Highway 63 south of New Hampton.

Avenue of the Saints
The Avenue of the Saints is a 563-mile-long (906 km) highway in the Midwestern United States that connects Frontenac, Missouri, and St. Paul, Minnesota. It follows parts of U.S. Route 61 (US 61), Route 27 in Missouri, Iowa Highway 27 (Iowa 27), and Interstate 35 (I-35). The route was proposed in the late 1980s, chosen in 1990, funded in 1991 and completed in 2008.
Wilhelm Werner
Wilhelm Werner (6 June 1888 – 14 May 1945) was a German naval officer in the First World War and SS staff general in the Second World War. As commander of U-55 during World War I he participated in several controversial actions, including the murder by drowning of surrendered crews of some of the ships he sank and attacks on marked hospital ships. The British government sought to prosecute Werner at the Leipzig war crimes trials, but he fled to Brazil, where he was reported to have worked as an architect and a coffee planter.

Werner returned to Germany in 1924, and two years later a German court dismissed the charges against him. He joined the Nazi Party, securing a seat for them in the Reichstag and joined the paramilitary Schutzstaffel (SS). Werner rose to the rank of SS-Brigadeführer (equivalent to brigadier general) and during the Second World War served on the personal staff of Heinrich Himmler.

Brigadeführer
Brigadeführer (German: [bʁiˈɡaːdəfyːʁɐ], lit. 'brigade leader') was a paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) that was used between 1932 and 1945.  It was mainly known for its use as an SS rank. As an SA rank, it was used after briefly being known as Untergruppenführer in late 1929 and 1930.
Castleton Moor railway station
Castleton Moor is a railway station on the Esk Valley Line, which runs between Middlesbrough and Whitby via Nunthorpe. The station, situated 16 miles 45 chains (26.7 km) west of Whitby, serves the village of Castleton in North Yorkshire, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

Whitby railway station
Whitby is a railway station serving the town of Whitby in North Yorkshire, England. It is the southern terminus of the Esk Valley Line from Middlesbrough. The station is owned by Network Rail; its mainline services are operated by Northern Trains and its heritage services by the North Yorkshire Moors Railway.
Charlie Fischer
Charles Wayne Fischer OC AOE (21 March 1950 – 17 June 2020) was the president and chief executive officer of Calgary-based  Nexen Inc until December 2008. He previously headed a U.S.-Canada working group on clean energy within the Clean Energy Dialogue, formed during a summit between the Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper and U.S. President Barack Obama.

Alberta Order of Excellence
The Alberta Order of Excellence is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Alberta. Instituted in 1979 when Lieutenant Governor Frank C. Lynch-Staunton granted royal assent to the Alberta Order of Excellence Act, the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Alberta residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described as the highest honour amongst all others conferred by the Canadian Crown in right of Alberta.
Plane joint
A plane joint (arthrodial joint, gliding joint, plane articulation) is a synovial joint which, under physiological conditions, allows only gliding movement.

Plane joints permit sliding movements in the plane of articular surfaces.  The opposed surfaces of the bones are flat or almost flat, with movement limited by their tight joint capsules. Based only on their shape, plane joints can allow multiple movements, including rotation. Thus plane joints can be functionally classified as multiaxial joints. Plane joints are numerous and are nearly always small, such as the acromioclavicular joint between the acromion of the scapula and the clavicle. Typically, they are found in the wrists, ankles, the 2nd through 7th sternocostal joints, vertebral transverse and spinous processes.

Synovial joint
A synovial joint, also known as diarthrosis, joins bones or cartilage with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones, constitutes the outer boundary of a synovial cavity, and surrounds the bones' articulating surfaces. This joint unites long bones and permits free bone movement and greater mobility. The synovial cavity/joint is filled with synovial fluid. The joint capsule is made up of an outer layer of fibrous membrane, which keeps the bones together structurally, and an inner layer, the synovial membrane, which seals in the synovial fluid.

They are the most common and most movable type of joint in the body. As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones. They originated 400 million years ago in the first jawed vertebrates.
Kalol, Gandhinagar Assembly constituency
Kalol is one of the 182 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Gujarat state in India. It is part of Gandhinagar district and is numbered as 38-Kalol. It is a part of the Gandhinagar Lok Sabha constituency.

Gujarat Legislative Assembly
The Gujarat Legislative Assembly (ISO: Gujārāt Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Gujarat, in the state capital Gandhinagar. Presently, 182 members of the Legislative Assembly are directly elected from single-member constituencies (seats). It has a term of 5 years unless it is dissolved sooner. 13 constituencies are reserved for scheduled castes and 27 constituencies for scheduled tribes.  From its majority party group or by way of a grand coalition cabinet of its prominent members, the state's Executive namely the Government of Gujarat is formed.

Since 1995, the Gujarat Legislative Assembly has been controlled by the Bharatiya Janata Party with an absolute majority in the House.
Zedekiah Johnson Purnell
Zedekiah Johnson Purnell (c. 1813–1882) was an African-American activist, businessman, and editor. He served as the editor of the literary journal The Demosthenian Shield. In the 1840s, Purnell emerged on the national stage as an outspoken proponent of an African-American press, supporting such authors as Charles Bennett Ray and Samuel Cornish.

Charles Bennett Ray
Charles Bennett Ray (December 25, 1807 – August 15, 1886) was a prominent African-American minister and abolitionist who owned and edited the weekly newspaper The Colored American. Born in Massachusetts, he spent most of his career and life in New York City.
Cross-correspondences
The cross-correspondences refers to a series of automatic scripts and trance utterances from a group of automatic writers and mediums, involving members of the Society for Psychical Research (SPR). According to psychical researchers the correspondences when put together convey intelligible messages either from spirits of the dead or telepathy.

Sceptics have stated that the correspondences can be explained by chance or self-delusion and is a case of researchers looking for connections in random or meaningless data.

Automatic writing
Automatic writing, also called psychography, is a claimed psychic ability allowing a person to produce written words without consciously writing. Practitioners engage in automatic writing by holding a writing instrument and allowing alleged spirits to manipulate the practitioner's hand. The instrument may be a standard writing instrument, or it may be one specially designed for automatic writing, such as a planchette or a ouija board.

Religious and spiritual traditions have incorporated automatic writing, including Fuji in Chinese folk religion and the Enochian language associated with Enochian magic. In the modern era, it is associated with Spiritualism and the occult, with notable practitioners including W. B. Yeats and Arthur Conan Doyle. Claims associated with automatic writing are unfalsifiable, while some documented examples result from the ideomotor phenomenon.
Queset House
Queset House is a house located at 51 Main Street, North Easton, Massachusetts next to the Ames Free Library. The house was built in 1854 from a design by noted architect Andrew Jackson Downing under commission from industrialist Oakes Angier Ames. In 1872 John Ames Mitchell designed its rear extension. Landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted planned its grounds.

The Ames Free Library purchased the house in 2007. The building is used as an extension of the library's special programs, including monthly meetings of library groups.

Ames Free Library
The Ames Free Library is a public library designed by noted American architect Henry Hobson Richardson. It is located at 53 Main Street, Easton, Massachusetts, immediately adjacent to another Richardson building, Oakes Ames Memorial Hall.

In 2016 the Ames Free Library won the Best Small Library in America award from the Library Journal. This award was created in 2005 by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to encourage and showcase outstanding libraries serving populations of fewer than 25,000. This marks the second time the library has won this award.
Katakalon Tarchaneiotes
Katakalon Tarchaneiotes (Greek: Κατακαλών Ταρχανειώτης), mentioned in the works of Nikephoros Bryennios the Younger as Katakalon Katakalos (Κατακαλών Κατακαλός), was an 11th-century Byzantine official, active during the reigns of Michael VII Doukas (r. 1071–1078), Nikephoros III Botaneiates (r. 1078–1081) and Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081–1118).

He first appeared in 1074, when he replaced his father as Duke (dux) of Antioch and confronted the revolt of Philaretos Brachamios, though without success. Years later, as Katepano of Adrianople (now Edirne), he initially confronted the revolt of Nikephoros Bryennios the Elder but ended up allying with him and taking part in the Battle of Kalavrye. In 1094, he attended the Council of Blachernae (1094), and in 1095, defended Adrianople during a Cuman invasion.

Philaretos Brachamios
Philaretos Brachamios  (Greek: Φιλάρετος Βραχάμιος; Armenian: Փիլարտոս Վահրամ Վարաժնունի, romanized: Pilartos Vahram Varajnuni; Latin: Philaretus Brachamius) was a distinguished Byzantine general and warlord of Armenian heritage. He was for a time the ruler of a quasi-independent state that refused to recognise Emperor Michael VII. Philaretos is attested on seals as taxiarches (commander of an infantry regiment), as well as protospatharios and topoteretes (deputy commander) of the Tagmata of Cappadocia, then as magistros and doux (duke), and finally as kouropalates and doux.
Dimethyltrienolone
Dimethyltrienolone (developmental code name RU-2420) is a synthetic, orally active, and extremely potent anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) and 17α-alkylated 19-nortestosterone (nandrolone) derivative which was never marketed for medical use. It has among the highest known affinity of any AAS for the androgen (and progesterone) receptors, and has been said to be perhaps the most potent AAS to have ever been developed.

17α-Alkylated anabolic steroid
A 17α-alkylated anabolic steroid is a synthetic anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) that features an alkyl group, specifically a methyl or ethyl group, at the C17α position. Unlike many other AAS, 17α-alkylated AAS are orally active and do not require intramuscular injection. However, they uniquely possess a high potential for hepatotoxicity, which simultaneously limits their use. In addition, some have a high risk of gynecomastia due to uniquely high estrogenic activity, although this does not apply to 17α-alkylated AAS that are also 4,5α-reduced or 19-demethylated (i.e., that are also dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or nandrolone derivatives, respectively). The prototypical example of a 17α-alkylated AAS is methyltestosterone (17α-methyltestosterone).
Honey bun
A honey bun, or honeybun, is a fried yeast pastry that contains honey and a swirl of cinnamon in the dough and is glazed with icing. Unlike most sweet rolls, which are generally the product of bakeries, honey buns are common convenience store and vending machine fare made by companies like Little Debbie, Hostess and Duchess. Normally sold individually wrapped, alone, or in, they are a snack or grab-and-go breakfast or dessert item which can be eaten at cold, hot, or ambient temperatures.

Sweet roll
A sweet roll or sweet bun refers to any of a number of sweet, baked, yeast-leavened breakfast or dessert foods. They may contain spices, nuts, candied fruits, poppy seeds, etc., and are often glazed or topped with icing. Compared to regular bread dough, sweet roll dough generally has higher levels of sugar, fat, eggs, and yeast. They are often round, and are small enough to comprise a single serving. These differ from pastries, which are made from a paste-like batter; from cakes, which are typically unleavened or chemically leavened; and from doughnuts, which are deep fried.

Refrigerated ready-to-bake sweet roll dough is commercially available in grocery stores.

Sweet rolls are sometimes iced and/or contain a sweet filling. In some traditions, other types of fillings and decoration are used, such as cinnamon, marzipan, or candied fruit.
Rapid application development
Rapid application development (RAD), also called rapid application building (RAB), is both a general term for adaptive software development approaches, and the name for James Martin's method of rapid development. In general, RAD approaches to software development put less emphasis on planning and more emphasis on an adaptive process. Prototypes are often used in addition to or sometimes even instead of design specifications.

RAD is especially well suited for (although not limited to) developing software that is driven by user interface requirements. Graphical user interface builders are often called rapid application development tools. Other approaches to rapid development include the adaptive, agile, spiral, and unified models.

Spiral model
The spiral model is a risk-driven software development process model. Based on the unique risk patterns of a given project, the spiral model guides a team to adopt elements of one or more process models, such as incremental, waterfall, or evolutionary prototyping.
Defective script
In graphemics, a defective script is a writing system that does not represent all the phonemic distinctions of a language.: 36–38 : 118  This means that the concept is always relative to a given language. Taking the Latin alphabet used in Italian orthography as an example, the Italian language has seven vowels, but the alphabet has only five vowel letters to represent them; in general, the difference between the phonemes close /e, o/ and open /ɛ, ɔ/ is simply ignored, though stress marks, if used, may distinguish them. Among the Italian consonants, both /s/ and /z/ are written ⟨s⟩, and both /t͡s/ and /d͡z/ are written ⟨z⟩; stress and hiatus are also not reliably distinguished.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
2018 Alpine Skiing World Cup – Women's combined
The women's combined in the 2018 FIS Alpine Skiing World Cup involved two events.  Wendy Holdener of Switzerland  won the first and then won the season championship and the crystal globe that accompanied it (which was awarded despite only two races being held).

The season was interrupted by the 2018 Winter Olympics from 12-24 February 2018 at Yongpyong Alpine Centre (slalom and giant slalom) at the Alpensia Sports Park in PyeongChang and the Jeongseon Alpine Centre (speed events) in Jeongseon, South Korea.  The women's combined was held on 22 February.

At this time, combined races were not included in the season finals, which were held in 2018 in Åre, Sweden.

2017–18 FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The International Ski Federation (FIS) Alpine Ski World Cup was the premier circuit for alpine skiing competition. The inaugural season launched in January 1967, and the 2017–18 season marked the 52nd consecutive year for the FIS World Cup.

This season began in October 2017 in Sölden, Austria, and concluded in mid-March at the finals in Åre, Sweden. It was interrupted for most of February by the Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea; the speed events were held at Jeongseon Alpine Centre with the technical events at Yongpyong Alpine Centre.
Chakra (JScript engine)
Chakra is a JScript engine used in the Internet Explorer web browser, both developed by Microsoft as proprietary software.

Microsoft later developed a new JavaScript engine for its Microsoft Edge Legacy browser, which is confusingly also named Chakra. Microsoft Edge changed to V8 (JavaScript engine) in 2020.

V8 (JavaScript engine)
V8 is a JavaScript and WebAssembly engine developed by Google for its Chrome browser. V8 is free and open-source software that is part of the Chromium project and also used separately in non-browser contexts, notably the Node.js runtime system. Other server-side JavaScript runtimes use alternative engines, such as Bun (which uses JavaScriptCore) and Hermes (used by React Native).
Metropolitan Borough of Bolton
The Metropolitan Borough of Bolton (/ˈboʊltən/ ⓘ BOHL-tən) is a metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, named after its largest town, Bolton, but covering a larger area which includes Blackrod, Farnworth, Horwich, Kearsley, 
Westhoughton, and part of the West Pennine Moors. It had a population of 310,085 in 2024, making it the third-most populous district in Greater Manchester.

What is now the borough was created in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972; the area was formerly part of Lancashire. It was formed from seven urban districts from the administrative county of Lancashire, the southern part of an eighth urban district, and the county borough of Bolton. The metropolitan districts of Bury, Salford and Wigan lie to the east, south and west respectively; and the unitary authority of Blackburn with Darwen and the non-metropolitan district of Chorley in Lancashire to the north and north-west.

Blackburn with Darwen
Blackburn with Darwen is a unitary authority area with borough status in the ceremonial county of Lancashire, North West England. The borough includes the towns of Blackburn and Darwen plus a wider rural area which includes the villages of Lower Darwen, Feniscowles, Brownhill and Hoddlesden.
European route E15
The European route E15 is part of the United Nations international E-road network. It is a north–south "reference road", running from Inverness, Scotland south through England and France to Algeciras, Spain. Along most of its route between Paris and London, the road parallels the LGV Nord (as the French A1 autoroute) and High Speed 1 (as the English M20 motorway). Its length is 2,300 miles (3,700 km).

International E-road network
The International E-road network is a numbering system for roads in Europe, Central Asia and Asia Minor, developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The network is numbered from E1 up and signposted on a green background. Its roads cross national borders, consisting of three types of roads: highways, limited access roads, and ordinary roads (as defined by ECE/TRANS/SC.1/2016/3/Rev.1).

The display of European roads on signs depend on jurisdiction. In most countries, the roads carry the European route designation alongside national designations. However, Belgium, Denmark, Norway and Sweden have integrated them as their sole route designations (examples: E18 and E6) in most cases. Some places, such as the United Kingdom and Albania do not show the European designations at all.

Other continents have similar international road networks, e.g., the Pan-American Highway in the Americas, the Trans-African Highway network, and the Asian Highway Network.
Les Quatre Temps
Westfield Les 4 Temps is the main shopping centre in the business district of La Défense, in the western suburbs of Paris, on the territory of the commune of Puteaux in the Hauts-de-Seine. It is one of the largest shopping centres in Europe.

In 2019, Les Quatre Temps was the most visited shopping centre in France with 42 million visitors.

On 12 September 2019, Les 4 Temps became Westfield Les 4 Temps.

Today it houses nearly 200 stores, including the largest Zara in Europe, an Auchan supermarket, a UGC cinema and around fifty restaurants.

Westfield Group
Westfield Group was an Australian shopping centre company that existed from 1960 to 2014, when it split into two independent companies: Scentre Group, which owns and operates the Australian and New Zealand Westfield shopping centre portfolio; and Westfield Corporation, which continued to own and operate the American and European centre portfolio until it merged to form Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield.

Westfield Group undertook ownership, development, design, construction, funds/asset management, property management, leasing, and marketing activities. The multinational company was listed on the Australian Securities Exchange and had interests in and operated one of the world's largest shopping centre portfolios with investment interests in 103 shopping centres across Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Italy and Brazil, encompassing around 23,000 retail outlets and total assets under management in excess of A$63 billion.
Caine Black Knife
Caine Black Knife is a 2008 science fantasy novel by American writer Matthew Stover. It is labeled as the third of the Acts of Caine, and is act one of the Atonement story arc. It is published by the Ballantine Books  division of Del Rey. This is the third book in "The Acts of Caine" series, following Heroes Die and Blade of Tyshalle.

Blade of Tyshalle
“ Don't care about gods. Gods are irrelevant. What counts is people. What counts is having respect for each other. ”

Blade of Tyshalle is a science fantasy novel by American writer Matthew Stover,  set seven years after the events of its predecessor Heroes Die. It is the second book in the ongoing Acts of Caine novel cycle.  Like Heroes Die, it focuses on Hari Michaelson and his struggles on Earth and Overworld.