hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pun
A pun, also known as a paronomasia in the context of linguistics, is a form of word play that exploits multiple meanings of a term, or of similar-sounding words, for an intended humorous or rhetorical effect. These ambiguities can arise from the intentional use of homophonic, homographic, metonymic, or figurative language.

A pun differs from a malapropism in that a malapropism is an incorrect variation on a correct expression, while a pun involves expressions with multiple (correct or fairly reasonable) interpretations. Puns may be regarded as in-jokes or idiomatic constructions, especially as their usage and meaning are usually specific to a particular language or its culture.

Puns have a long history in writing. For example, the Roman playwright Plautus was famous for his puns and word games.

Idiom
An idiom is a phrase or expression that largely or exclusively carries a figurative or non-literal meaning, rather than making any literal sense.  Categorized as formulaic language, an idiomatic expression's meaning is different from the literal meanings of each word inside it.

Idioms occur frequently in all languages. In English alone there are an estimated twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions. Some well known idioms in English are "spill the beans" (meaning "reveal secret information"), "it's raining cats and dogs" (meaning "it's raining intensely"), and "break a leg" (meaning "good luck").
Tariq Fazal Chaudhry
Tariq Fazal Chaudhry (Urdu: طارق فضل چوہدری; born 7 June 1969) is a Pakistani politician who has served as a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024. He previously served as a member from March 2008 to May 2018. He previously served as Federal Minister for Capital Administration and Development, in Abbasi cabinet from August 2017 to May 2018. Previously he served as the Minister of State for Capital Administration and Development from November 2015 to July 2017 in the third Sharif ministry and from August 2017 to April 2018 in the Abbasi ministry.

Abbasi government
The Abbasi government was formed by Shahid Khaqan Abbasi on 4 August 2017 to begin a new government following the disqualification  of former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif until the end of May 2018 when justice Nasirul Mulk took oath as new caretaker prime minister. The government, a Pakistan Muslim League (N) majority government, succeeded the third Nawaz Sharif government, which was formed following the 2013 general election and had dissolved in the July 2017 after  Nawaz Sharif was disqualification by the Supreme Court of Pakistan to hold the office of Prime Minister.

The government retained relatively the same cabinet as the one prior, composed mostly of Pakistan Muslim League (N) politicians, while continuing the policies of the previous Prime minister, Nawaz Sharif, while still making policy changes.
Liga Semi-Pro
Liga Semi-Pro (English: Semi-Pro League) was a semi-pro football league in Malaysia that operated from 1989 until 1993. The league was managed by the Football Association of Malaysia.

During its inaugural season, 17 teams participated in the league, divided in two divisions. Nine teams were in Divisyen 1 and eight teams in Divisyen 2. Under the new format, only the top six teams in Divisyen 1 and the Divisyen 2 champions and runners-up will be involved in the Piala Malaysia. Piala Malaysia was played from the quarter-final stage, scheduled for November after the league was finished. The league was the nation's top-tier until it was succeeded by the  Malaysian first professional football league, the Liga Perdana in 1994.

Malaysia Cup
The Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia), formerly known as Malaya Cup, is an annual football tournament in Malaysia, held at the end of the calendar year. The cup was first held in 1921. Despite its prestige and popularity as the country's oldest cup tournament, it does not guarantee a place in a continental competition, which is allocated to the Malaysia FA Cup winners. The competition was previously managed by the Football Association of Malaysia, before it was transferred to the Football Malaysia LLP (now known as the Malaysian Football League) in the 2016 season.

In the 2016 edition, the competition structure changed and only the top eleven teams of the Malaysia Super League and the top five teams of the Malaysia Premier League qualified for the cup.

The current title holder is Johor Darul Ta'zim, who won its fifth title in the 2024–25 edition.
Hilary Cass
Hilary Dawn Cass, Baroness Cass, OBE, FRCP, FRCPCH (born 19 February 1958), is a British paediatrician. She was the chair of the British Academy of Childhood Disability, established the Rett Clinic for children with Rett syndrome, and has worked to develop palliative care for children. She led the Cass Review of gender identity services in England, which was completed in 2024. Cass was appointed to the House of Lords as a crossbench life peer in the same year.

Cass is a former president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, and an honorary physician in paediatric disability at the Evelina Hospital, part of Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust. Prior to Cass's appointment at the Evelina Hospital, she had been consultant at Great Ormond Street Hospital for 15 years. Her research and interests have included autistic spectrum disorders, cognitive impairment due to epilepsy, children with visual loss, and care of children with multiple disabilities.

Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
The Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (RCPCH) is the professional body for paediatricians (doctors specialising in child health) in the United Kingdom. It is responsible for the postgraduate training of paediatricians and conducts the Membership of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health (MRCPCH) exams. It also awards the Diploma in Child Health (DCH), which is taken by many doctors who plan a career in general practice. Members of the college use the postnominal initials 'MRCPCH' while Fellows use 'FRCPCH'.
Nova Scotia Trunk 7
Nova Scotia Trunk 7 is part of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia's system of Trunk Highways. The route runs from Bedford to Antigonish, along the Eastern Shore for a distance of 269 kilometres (167 mi). Part of Trunk 7 is known as the Marine Drive.

Antigonish, Nova Scotia
Antigonish (/ˌæntɪɡəˈnɪʃ/ AN-tig-ə-NISH; Canadian Gaelic: Am Baile Mòr [am ˈpalə ˈmuːɾ]) is a town in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia, Canada. The town is home to St. Francis Xavier University and the oldest continuous Highland games outside Scotland. It is approximately 160 kilometres (100 miles) northeast of Halifax, the provincial capital.
Mordechai Hager
Mordechai Hager (14 July 1922 (18 Tammuz 5682) – 16 March 2018 (29 Adar 5778), Hebrew: מרדכי הגר; Yiddish: האגער) was the rebbe (hereditary rabbinic leader) of the Hasidic sect of Vizhnitz for 46 years.

Vizhnitz (Hasidic dynasty)
Vizhnitz is the name of a Hasidic dynasty founded by Rabbi Menachem Mendel Hager. Vizhnitz (ויז׳ניץ or וויזשניץ) is the Yiddish name of Vyzhnytsia, a town in present-day Ukraine (then, a village in Austrian Bukovina).

Followers of the rebbes of Vizhnitz are called Vizhnitzer Hasidim.
Yachting
Yachting is recreational boating activities using medium/large-sized boats or small ships collectively called yachts. Yachting is distinguished from other forms of boating mainly by the priority focus on comfort and luxury, the dependence on marinas for docking, and being typically only for exclusive social leisures such as cruising, fishing trips or racing.

The term "yacht" derives from the Dutch word jacht, meaning "hunt". When yachting with sailboats, the activity is simply called sailing; and with motorboats, it is called powerboating. A boat club that only services yachting participants is known as a yacht club.

Cruising (maritime)
Cruising is a maritime activity that involves staying aboard a watercraft for extended periods of time when the vessel is traveling on water at a steady speed. Cruising generally refers to leisurely trips on yachts and luxury cruiseships, with durations varying from day-trips to months-long round-the-world voyages.
Mazi Melesa Pilip
Mazi Melesa Pilip (born 1978 or 1979) is an American politician in the Nassau County Legislature representing the 10th district. A Republican, she is an Ethiopian Jew who immigrated to Israel when she was 12 years old, and later served as a gunsmith in the Israel Defense Forces. After her IDF service, she attended college at the University of Haifa and graduate school at Tel Aviv University. She immigrated to the United States in 2005.

Since 2021, Pilip has been a member of the Nassau County Legislature. While registered as a Democrat from 2012–24, she ran for the legislature on the Republican ballot line. In 2024, she was the Republican nominee for the U.S. House from New York's 3rd district in the special election following the expulsion of Republican George Santos, losing to Democrat Tom Suozzi.

New York's 3rd congressional district
New York's 3rd congressional district is a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in the State of New York. It is represented by Democrat Tom Suozzi and predominantly features parts of the Long Island towns of North Hempstead, Glen Cove, and Oyster Bay.

NY-03 is the wealthiest congressional district in New York, and in 2022, was the fourth-wealthiest nationally.

The district was one of 13 congressional districts that voted for Donald Trump in the 2024 presidential election while simultaneously electing a Democrat in the 2024 House of Representatives elections.
Minister for Education and Early Learning
The New South Wales Minister for Education and Early Learning is a minister in the New South Wales Government and has responsibilities that includes all schools and institutes of higher education in New South Wales, Australia.

Together, the ministers administer the portfolio through the Education cluster, in particular the Department of Education, TAFE NSW, and a range of other government agencies.

Ultimately, the ministers are responsible to the Parliament of New South Wales.

Parliament of New South Wales
The Parliament of New South Wales, formally the Legislature of New South Wales, is the bicameral legislative body of the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW). It consists of the Monarch, the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (lower house) and the New South Wales Legislative Council (upper house). Each house is directly elected by the people of New South Wales at elections held approximately every four years. The legislative authority of the parliament derives from section 5 of the Constitution Act 1902 (NSW). The power to make laws that apply to New South Wales is shared with the Federal (or Commonwealth) Parliament. The houses of the New South Wales Parliament follow the Westminster parliamentary traditions, green and red chamber colours and protocols for the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council, respectively. The houses of the legislature are located in Parliament House on Macquarie Street in Sydney.
Siôn Simon
Siôn Llewelyn Simon (born 23 December 1968) is a British Labour Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham Erdington from 2001 to 2010 and as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the West Midlands from 2014 to 2019.

Simon was the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Further Education from 2008 to 2009 and Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Creative Industries from 2009 to 2010. He stood down at the 2010 general election to campaign for a directly elected mayor of Birmingham, with the intent of standing in the first election. In 2014 Simon was elected a Member of the European Parliament for the West Midlands. In 2016 he was selected as the Labour Party candidate for Mayor of the West Midlands but was defeated in the 2017 election by 50.4% to 49.6% of the vote in the final round. In 2019, he lost his seat at the European Parliament election.

Department for Culture, Media and Sport
The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It holds the responsibility for culture and sport, and some aspects of the media throughout the UK, such as broadcasting. Its main offices are at 100 Parliament Street, occupying part of the building known as Government Offices Great George Street.

It also has responsibility for the tourism, leisure and creative industries (some jointly with the Department for Business and Trade). The department was also responsible for the delivery of the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games.

From 2017 to 2023, the department had responsibility for the building of a digital economy and was known as the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The responsibilities for digital policy were transferred to the newly created Department for Science, Innovation and Technology in the February 2023 cabinet reshuffle.
25th Filmfare Awards
The 25th Filmfare Awards for Hindi cinema were held in Bombay in 1978.

Amar Akbar Anthony and Hum Kisise Kum Naheen led the ceremony with 7 nominations each, followed by Gharaonda and Swami with 6 nominations each.

Amar Akbar Anthony, Hum Kisise Kum Naheen and Swami won 3 awards each, thus becoming the most-awarded films at the ceremony.

Shyam Benegal's Bhumika won Best Film, starting a run where 3 films by Shyam Benegal won Best Film in 5 years.

Sanjeev Kumar received dual nominations for Best Actor for his performances in Yehi Hai Zindagi and Zindagi, but lost to Amitabh Bachchan, who himself received dual nominations in the category for his performances in Adalat and Amar Akbar Anthony, winning for the latter, his first win in the category.

Shriram Lagoo also received dual nominations for Best Supporting Actor for his performances in Gharaonda and Kinara, winning for the former.

Shreeram Lagoo
Shreeram Lagoo (16 November 1927 – 17 December 2019) was an Indian film and theatre actor, in Hindi and Marathi. He was known for his character roles in films. He acted in over 250 films including Hindi and Marathi films as well as Hindi, Marathi and Gujarati plays, and directed over 20 Marathi plays. He won the 1978 Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor for the Hindi film Gharaonda. His autobiography is titled Lamaan (लमाण; transl. a carrier of goods). He is a recipient of two Filmfare Marathi awards and a recipient of the Maharashtra State Film Award.

He was a very vocal and active figure in furthering progressive and rational social causes. In 1999, he and social activist G. P. Pradhan undertook a fast in support of anti-corruption crusader Anna Hazare. Lagoo was also qualified as an ENT Surgeon.
Mikel San José
Mikel San José Domínguez (Basque: [mikel s̺an xos̺e dominɡes̻]; Spanish: [ˈmikel saŋ xoˈse ðoˈmiŋɡeθ]; born 30 May 1989) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder or centre-back.

After starting out at Liverpool's reserves San José joined Athletic Bilbao in 2009, initially on loan, and went on to make 397 competitive appearances for the club (winning the 2015 Supercopa de España) before his departure in 2020. He then spent a season back in England with Championship club Birmingham City, and retired in 2022 after one year at Amorebieta in the Segunda División.

San José won European Championships with Spain at under-19 and under-21 level. He made his senior international debut in 2014, and was a member of the squad at the UEFA Euro 2016 tournament.

2015 Supercopa de España
The 2015 Supercopa de España was a two-legged football match-up that was played in August 2015 between Athletic Bilbao, runners-up of the 2014–15 Copa del Rey, and Barcelona, the champions of 2014–15 La Liga and the 2014–15 Copa del Rey, making it a rematch of the 2015 Copa del Rey final.

Athletic Bilbao won the trophy 5–1 on aggregate to win the club's first competitive title since winning the 1983–84 Copa del Rey.
Aritz Aduriz scored a hat-trick for Athletic Bilbao in the first leg in a 4–0 win on 14 August. He added a fourth goal three days later in the second leg, which ended in a 1–1 draw at the Camp Nou.
Bristol, Quebec
Bristol is a municipality in the Ottawa Valley, on the Quebec side in the Outaouais region, part of the Pontiac Regional County Municipality, Quebec, Canada. It is located on the north shore of Lac des Chats (part of the Ottawa River) across from Arnprior, Ontario.

Its settlements include Bristol Village, Bristol Mines (Bristol-les-Mines), Bristol Ridge, Caldwell, Doherty, Elmside, Maple Ridge, Maryland, McKee, Norway Bay, and Weirstead.

Classification of municipalities in Quebec
The following is a list of the types of local and supralocal territorial units in Quebec, Canada, including those used solely for statistical purposes, as defined by the Ministry of Municipal Affairs, Regions and Land Occupancy and compiled by the Institut de la statistique du Québec

Not included are the urban agglomerations in Quebec, which, although they group together multiple municipalities, exercise only what are ordinarily local municipal powers.

A list of local municipal units in Quebec by regional county municipality can be found at List of municipalities in Quebec.
Karol Foltán
Karol Foltán (born 16 April 1959) is a Slovak former ice dancer who represented Czechoslovakia. Competing with Jindra Holá, he became the 1983 Prague Skate champion, a three-time Winter Universiade medalist (silver in 1983 and 1985, bronze in 1981), and a three-time Czechoslovak national champion. The two also competed at the 1984 Winter Olympics.

Figure skating at the 1984 Winter Olympics
Figure skating at the 1984 Winter Olympics took place at the Zetra Olympic Hall in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia. Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean won gold in ice dance for Great Britain, receiving twelve perfect scores (6.0), (a maximum nine of them for artistic impression, the others in the technical merit mark) in the free dance segment of the ice dance competition, a feat that was never matched. They received the most maximum 6.0 marks of any figure skaters at the Olympics.
2010 Sahel famine
A large-scale, drought-induced famine occurred in Africa's Sahel region and many parts of the neighbouring Sénégal River Area from February to August 2010. It is one of many famines to have hit the region in recent times.

The Sahel is the ecoclimatic and biogeographic zone of transition between the Sahara desert in the north of Africa and the Sudanian savannas in the south, covering an area of 3,053,200 square kilometres. It is a transitional ecoregion of semi-arid grasslands, savannas, steppes, and thorn shrublands.

The neighbouring Sénégal River Area contains various vegetation types and covers parts or all of Mauritania, Mali, Senegal and Guinea. It has also had very low rainfall over the last year according to the UN, NGOs and the Senegal River Basin Development Authority. Sudan set a new temperature record of 49.7 °C (121.3 °F) on 22 June, in the town of Dongola.

Sudanian savanna
The Sudanian savanna or Sudan region is a broad belt of tropical savanna that runs east and west across the African continent, from the Ethiopian Highlands in the east to the Atlantic Ocean in the west. It represents the central bioregion within the broader tropical savanna biome of the Afrotropical realm. The Sahel acacia savanna, a belt of drier grasslands, lies to the north, forming a transition zone between the Sudanian savanna and the Sahara Desert phytochorion. To the Sudan's south, the more humid  forest-savanna mosaic forms a transition zone between the Sudanian savanna and the Guineo-Congolian forests that lie nearer the equator.
Mon Yazawin
Mon Yazawin (Burmese: မွန်ရာဇဝင်, pronounced [mʊ̀ɴ jàzəwɪ̀ɴ]; also spelled Mwan Rajawan) is a chronicle that covers most of the Martaban–Pegu period. It is a 17th- or 18th-century Burmese translation of a Mon-language chronicle, commissioned by an unnamed early 16th-century crown prince. It is one of the two extant chronicles with the Burmese name "Mon Yazawin", with the other being a 19th-century translated chronicle by Shwe Naw.

Hanthawaddy kingdom
The Hanthawaddy kingdomMon: ဍုၚ် ဟံသာဝတဳ, [hɔŋsawətɔe]listenⓘ; Burmese: ဟံသာဝတီ နေပြည်တော်; also Rone Hongsarwatoi or simply Pegu), classical name Ham̥sāvatī ("Realm of Hamsa"), was the polity that ruled lower Burma (Myanmar) from 1287 to 1539 and from 1550 to 1552. The Mon-speaking kingdom was founded as Ramaññadesa (Mon: ရးမည, Burmese: ရာမည ဒေသ) by King Wareru following the collapse of the Pagan kingdom in 1287: 205–206, 209  as a nominal vassal state of the Sukhothai kingdom and of the Mongol Yuan dynasty. The kingdom became formally independent of Sukhothai in 1330 but remained a loose federation of three major regional power centres: the Irrawaddy Delta, Bago, and Mottama. Its kings had little or no authority over the vassals. Mottama was in open rebellion from 1363 to 1388.
Maneet Chauhan
Maneet Chauhan (born 27 October 1976 in Ludhiana, Punjab) is an Indian American chef and television personality. Previously the executive chef of several notable restaurants in Chicago, Nashville, and New York, she is featured as a judge on Chopped on the Food Network. She has appeared on The Next Iron Chef, on The View on ABC, Iron Chef America, the Today show on NBC, and as a judge on the finale of Worst Cooks in America on Food Network. She has also won the 2021 and 2024 Food Network competition Tournament of Champions.

Chopped (TV series)
Chopped is an American reality-based cooking television game show series created by Michael Krupat, Dave Noll and Linda Lea. It is hosted by Ted Allen. The series pits four chefs against each other as they compete for a chance to win $10,000. The series debuted in 2009, and episodes air every Tuesday at 8 p.m. ET on Food Network.

A dessert-themed spin-off titled Chopped Sweets premiered on February 3, 2020, with Scott Conant as host.
Samuel Allen Rice
Samuel Allen Rice (January 27, 1828 – July 6, 1864) was an American lawyer and Republican politician from Mahaska County, Iowa.  He served as the 2nd attorney general of Iowa, from 1856 to 1861, and was the first Iowa attorney general elected on the Republican Party ticket.  After leaving office, he volunteered for service in the Union Army; he served for two years and was promoted to the rank of brigadier general before being mortally wounded at the Battle of Jenkins' Ferry, in Arkansas.  Rice County, Kansas, was named in his honor.

His brother, Elliott Warren Rice, was also a Union Army general.

Mahaska County, Iowa
Mahaska County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,190. The county seat is Oskaloosa.

Mahaska County comprises the Oskaloosa, IA Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Western Himalayas
The Western Himalayas are the western half of the Himalayas, in  northwestern India and northern Pakistan. Four of the five tributaries of the Indus River in Punjab (Beas, Chenab, Jhelum, and Ravi) rise in the Western Himalayas; while the fifth, the Sutlej cuts through the range after rising in Tibet Autonomous Region of China

Included within the Western Himalayas are the Zanskar Range, the Pir Panjal Range, and the Dhauladhar Range, and western parts of the Sivalik Range and the Great Himalayas. The highest point is Nanga Parbat (26,660 feet or 8,126 metres), at the northwestern end of the region. It is part of the Himalayan biodiversity hotspot.

Climate in high altitudes of the Western Himalayas is poorly known due to the difficulties in maintaining observational networks. A historical name for a substantial proportion of the Western Himalayan range was the Punjab Hills.

Beas River
The Beas River is a river in northwestern India, flowing through the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab, and is the smallest of the five major rivers of the Punjab region. Rising in the Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh, the river flows for approximately 470 kilometres (290 mi) into the Sutlej River in Punjab. Its total length is  470 kilometres (290 mi) and its drainage basin is 20,303 square kilometres (7,839 sq mi) large.

As of 2017, the river is home to a tiny isolated population of the Indus dolphin.