hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2014 Sundarbans oil spill
The 2014 Sundarbans oil spill was an oil spill that occurred on 9 December 2014 at the Shela River in Sundarbans, Bangladesh, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The spill occurred when an oil-tanker named Southern Star VII, carrying 350,000 litres (77,000 imp gal; 92,000 US gal) of furnace oil, was in collision with a cargo vessel and sank in the river.  By 17 December, the oil had spread over a 350 km2 (140 sq mi) area. The oil spread to a second river and a network of canals in Sundarbans, which blackened the shoreline. The spill threatened trees, plankton, and vast populations of small fish and dolphins. The spill occurred at a protected mangrove area, home to rare Irrawaddy and Ganges river dolphins. By 12 January 2015, 70,000 litres (15,000 imp gal; 18,000 US gal) of oil had been cleaned up by local residents, the Bangladesh Navy, and the government of Bangladesh.

Irrawaddy dolphin
The Irrawaddy dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) is a euryhaline species of oceanic dolphin found in scattered subpopulations near sea coasts and in estuaries and rivers in parts of the Bay of Bengal and Southeast Asia. It closely resembles the Australian snubfin dolphin (of the same genus, Orcaella), which was not described as a separate species until 2005. It has a slate blue to a slate gray color. Although found in much of the riverine and marine zones of South and Southeast Asia, the only concentrated lagoon populations are found in Chilika Lake in Odisha, India, and Songkhla Lake in southern Thailand.
Ghosts (2019 TV series)
Ghosts is a British sitcom broadcast on BBC One from April 2019 to December 2023. It follows a group of ghosts from different historical periods haunting a country house while sharing it with its new living occupants, a married couple played by Charlotte Ritchie and Kiell Smith-Bynoe. It is written and performed by the collective group Them There, who had previously worked together on productions including Horrible Histories and Yonderland.

Yonderland
Yonderland is a British sitcom television series that was broadcast on Sky One from November 2013 to December 2016. It was produced by Sioned Wiliam, and was created by, written by and starred the main performers from CBBC's series Horrible Histories.
Taiwan Area National Expressway Engineering Bureau
25°01′31″N 121°32′49″E﻿ / ﻿25.025408°N 121.546981°E﻿ / 25.025408; 121.546981

The Taiwan Area National Expressway Engineering Bureau (TANEEB; traditional Chinese: 交通部臺灣區國道新建工程局; simplified Chinese: 交通部台湾区国道新建工程局; pinyin: Jiāotōng Bù Táiwān Qū Guódào Xīnjiàn Gōngchéng Jú) was the organization under the Ministry of Transportation and Communications of the Republic of China in charge for the planning, land acquisition, bidding and construction of national expressway network in Taiwan.

Ministry of Transportation and Communications (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MOTC; Chinese: 交通部; pinyin: Jiāotōngbù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kau-thong-pō͘) is a cabinet-level governmental body of the Republic of China (R.O.C.) in charge of all policy and regulation of transportation and communications networks and administration of all transportation and communications operations and enterprises in Taiwan.
Haplogroup R (mtDNA)
Haplogroup R is a widely distributed human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. Haplogroup R 
is associated with the peopling of Eurasia after about 70,000 years ago, and is distributed in modern populations throughout the world outside of sub-Saharan Africa.

Haplogroup R is a descendant of the macro-haplogroup N. Among the R clade's descendant haplogroups are B, U (and thus K), F, R0 (and thus HV, H, and V), and JT (the ancestral haplogroup of J and T).

Haplogroup H (mtDNA)
Haplogroup H is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade was believed to have originated in West Asia, near present-day Syria, around 20,000 to 25,000 years ago. However, a specimen has been found in South Italy from 28,000 years ago, in Paglicci Cave. Mitochondrial haplogroup H is today predominantly found in Europe, and is believed to have evolved before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). It first expanded in the northern Near East and Southern Caucasus, and later migrations from Iberia suggest that the clade reached Europe before the Last Glacial Maximum. The haplogroup has also spread from West Asia to parts of Africa, Siberia and Inner Asia. Today, around 40% of all maternal lineages in Europe belong to haplogroup H.
Viscount FitzAlan of Derwent
Viscount FitzAlan of Derwent, of Derwent in the County of Derby, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1921 for Lord Edmund Talbot on his appointment as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Born Lord Edmund FitzAlan-Howard, he was the third born, but second surviving son of Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 14th Duke of Norfolk. In 1876 he assumed by Royal licence the surname of Talbot in lieu of his patronymic in an unsuccessful attempt to succeed to the estates of Bertram, 17th Earl of Shrewsbury and Waterford, having been named by will as his successor and chief beneficiary. Shortly after being raised to the peerage he resumed his first surname. The title became extinct on the death of his son, the second Viscount, in 1962.

Edmund FitzAlan-Howard, 1st Viscount FitzAlan of Derwent
Edmund Bernard FitzAlan-Howard, 1st Viscount FitzAlan of Derwent (1 June 1855 – 18 May 1947), known as The Honourable Edmund Fitzalan-Howard between 1855 and 1856, Lord Edmund Fitzalan-Howard between 1856 and 1876, and Lord Edmund Talbot between 1876 and 1921, was a British Conservative politician and the last Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. He was the first Roman Catholic to be appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland since the 17th century, holding office when Ireland was partitioned into Southern Ireland and Northern Ireland.
Stephens Island (British Columbia)
Stephens Island (Tsimshian: Ksgaxl) is an island in Canada, on the British Columbian Coast, to the northwest of Porcher Island, to the southwest of the city of Prince Rupert, and divides Chatham Sound from  Hecate Strait.
The island was named by Captain Vancouver in honour of Sir Philip Stephens, secretary to the Admiralty from 1763 to 1795.: 470

Qlawdzeet Anchorage, located at the north end of Stephens Island between Hooper Point and Avery Island, is useful for fishers and pilots, and has pilings tucked in behind Dunn Island.
This is where Vancouver met Brown on 20 July 1793, with a squadron of three vessels, Butterworth, Jackal, and Prince Le Boo.: 406

The island is one of the two main islands (the other is Prescott) that are part of the Ksgaxl/Stephens Island Conservancy.

Prince Rupert, British Columbia
Prince Rupert is a port city in the province of British Columbia, Canada. It is located on Kaien Island near the Alaskan panhandle. It is the land, air, and water transportation hub of British Columbia's North Coast, and has a population of 12,300 people as of 2021.
Rectified 10-orthoplexes
In ten-dimensional geometry, a rectified 10-orthoplex is a convex uniform 10-polytope, being a rectification of the regular 10-orthoplex.

There are 10 rectifications of the 10-orthoplex. Vertices of the rectified 10-orthoplex are located at the edge-centers of the 9-orthoplex. Vertices of the birectified 10-orthoplex are located in the triangular face centers of the 10-orthoplex. Vertices of the trirectified 10-orthoplex are located in the tetrahedral cell centers of the 10-orthoplex.

These polytopes are part of a family of 1023 uniform 10-polytopes with BC10 symmetry.

Uniform 10-polytope
In ten-dimensional geometry, a 10-polytope is a 10-dimensional polytope whose boundary consists of 9-polytope facets, exactly two such facets meeting at each 8-polytope ridge.

A uniform 10-polytope is one which is vertex-transitive, and constructed from uniform facets.
La Galissonnière-class ironclad
The La Galissonnière-class ironclads were a group of wooden-hulled, armored corvettes built for the French Navy during the 1870s, meant as a heavier armed and faster version of the Alma-class ironclads. While all three ships were begun before the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–71, the construction of the last two ships was delayed for years. The navy took advantage of the extended construction time of the latter ships to upgrade their armament. La Galissonnière bombarded Sfax in 1881 as part of the French occupation of Tunisia. She and her half-sister Triomphante participated in a number of battles during the Sino-French War of 1884–85. Their sister Victorieuse had a much quieter career. All three ships were decommissioned in the 1890s.

Alma-class ironclad
The Alma-class ironclads were a group of seven wooden-hulled, armored corvettes built for the French Navy in the mid to late 1860s. Three of the ships attempted to blockade Prussian ports in the Baltic Sea in 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War. Three others patrolled the North Sea and the Atlantic, while the last ship was en route to Japan when the war began and blockaded two small Prussian ships in a Japanese harbor. Afterwards they alternated periods of reserve and active commissions, many of them abroad. Three of the ships participated in the French occupation of Tunisia in 1881 while another helped to intimidate the Vietnamese Government into accepting status as a French protectorate and played a small role in the Sino-French War of 1884–85.
Lagrange multiplier
In mathematical optimization, the method of Lagrange multipliers is a strategy for finding the local maxima and minima of a function subject to equation constraints (i.e., subject to the condition that one or more equations have to be satisfied exactly by the chosen values of the variables). It is named after the mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange.

Maximum and minimum
In mathematical analysis, the maximum and minimum of a function are, respectively, the greatest and least value taken by the function. Known generically as extrema, they may be defined either within a given range (the local or relative extrema) or on the entire domain (the global or absolute extrema) of a function. Pierre de Fermat was one of the first mathematicians to propose a general technique, adequality, for finding the maxima and minima of functions.

As defined in set theory, the maximum and minimum of a set are the greatest and least elements in the set, respectively. Unbounded infinite sets, such as the set of real numbers, have no minimum or maximum.

In statistics, the corresponding concept is the sample maximum and minimum.
Annamma Mathew
Annamma Mathew, 22 March 1922 – 10 July 2003), also known as Mrs. K. M. Mathew, was the founder chief editor of Vanitha, the largest selling women's magazine in India, and wife of K. M. Mathew, Chief Editor of Malayala Manorama. She died after a brief illness at a private nursing home in Kottayam, Kerala in India.

She was an author of culinary literature and tips for new recipes in Malayalam. She authored 17 cook books in Malayalam and 4 in English and also made contributions in the areas of journalism, music, cookery and social welfare.

K. M. Mathew
Kandathil Mammen Mathew (2 January 1917 – 1 August 2010) was an Indian newspaper editor who served as the editor-in-chief of the Malayalam-language daily, Malayala Manorama.

He also served as a Working Committee Member and Managing Committee Member of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church.
Henry Qualls
Henry Qualls (July 8, 1934 – December 7, 2003) was an American Texas and country blues guitarist and singer. He found success late in his life after being "discovered" in 1993 by the Dallas Blues Society. He released his only album in 1994 but toured globally playing at a number of festivals.

The Dallas Observer noted that "Qualls, whether unearthing obscurities from Jimmy Reed or Lowell Fulson or Blind Willie Johnson or bearing down upon his own material, is a purist's dream-come-true, attacking his 36 year-old guitar with a demon-fire ferociousness first heard in the playing of Son House and other blues masters long gone to hell."

Lowell Fulson
Lowell Fulson (March 31, 1921 – March 7, 1999) was an American blues guitarist and songwriter, in the West Coast blues tradition. He also recorded for contractual reasons as Lowell Fullsom and Lowell Fulsom. After T-Bone Walker, he was the most important figure in West Coast blues in the 1940s and 1950s.
Highfield, Leek
Highfield is a cricket ground in Leek, Staffordshire. The ground is located just outside of the town along the Macclesfield Road, which itself forms part of the A523 Road. It has played host to List A and Twenty20 matches for Derbyshire County Cricket Club, in addition to playing host to Staffordshire County Cricket Club in minor counties cricket.

Staffordshire County Cricket Club
Staffordshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty national county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Staffordshire. The team is currently a member of the National Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Staffordshire played List A matches occasionally from 1971 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
Main Carpathian Trail
49°43′00″N 18°49′00″E﻿ / ﻿49.716667°N 18.816667°E﻿ / 49.716667; 18.816667

The Józef Piłsudski Main Carpathian Trail was a hiking trail, approximately 830 km long, that connected the Silesian Beskids with the Czywczyn Mountains during the interwar period. Marked in red, this path was not only the longest continuous trail in Poland at the time but also in Europe, running along the entire stretch of the Polish Carpathians.

The western fragment of this trail remains today as the Main Beskid Trail, which partially overlaps with the original route and ends in Wołosate, near the Polish-Ukrainian border. The route of the Main Carpathian Trail on the border section running through the Low Beskids and Western Bieszczady is now followed by the Rzeszów–Grybów trail (known as the "Carpathian Trail") and the Slovak East Carpathian Magistrale. In the eastern part, segments of the former main trail coincide with the Ukrainian East Carpathian and Transcarpathian trails.

Silesian Beskids
Silesian Beskids (Polish: Beskid Śląskiⓘ, Czech: Slezské Beskydyⓘ, German: Schlesische Beskiden) is one of the Beskids mountain ranges in the Outer Western Carpathians in southern Silesian Voivodeship, Poland and the eastern Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

Most of the range lies in Poland. It is separated from the Moravian-Silesian Beskids by the Jablunkov Pass.

The Polish part of the range includes the protected area called Silesian Beskids Landscape Park.
Fable (song)
"Fable" is a song by Italian musician Robert Miles, released in May 1996, by label DBX, as the second single from his debut album, Dreamland (1996). The song features uncredited vocals from Fiorella Quinn. Like "Children", the single received universal acclaim. It was a hit in several countries, reaching number one in Italy and entering the top 10 in Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Spain, Switzerland and UK. In 1997, the song charted on the US Billboard Dance Club Play chart, on which it peaked at number one for a week. The accompanying music video was directed by Maria Mochnacz.

Children (composition)
"Children" is an instrumental composition by Italian composer Robert Miles. It was first released in Italy in January 1995 as part of the EP Soundtracks on Joe Vannelli's DBX label, but it did not chart. Vannelli brought the track to a nightclub in Miami where it was heard by Simon Berry of Platipus Records. Berry worked with Vannelli and James Barton (of Liverpool's Cream nightclub) to release the composition in November 1995 as the lead single from Miles's debut album, Dreamland (1996). "Children" was certified gold and platinum in several countries and reached number one in more than 12 countries; it was Europe's most successful single of 1996. In 2025, Billboard magazine ranked it among "The 100 Best Dance Songs of All Time".
Khyber Medical College
Khyber Medical College (Urdu: خیبر میڈیکل کالج, abbreviated as KMC) is a public sector medical college located in Peshawar. Khyber Medical College is the oldest medical college of the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and was established in 1954. It is considered as a mother medical institution.

Khyber Medical College is situated inside the University of Peshawar and occupies the site of ancient Buddhist academy. 
The college offers both undergraduate medical education and teaching and research facilities to postgraduate students (e.g., M. Phil, in basic Medical Sciences, FCPS in Clinical and basic medical sciences, and minor diplomas in many specialties). It is one of  several medical schools affiliated with Khyber Medical University and is recognized by PMDC.

University of Peshawar
The University of Peshawar (Pashto: د پېښور پوهنتون; Hindko: پشور یونیورسٹی; Urdu: جامعۂ پشاور; abbreviated UoP; known more popularly as Peshawar University) is a public research university located in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

The university is one of the oldest universities in the province, and is ranked as one of the highest rated universities in the country.
Chaman Passenger
Chaman Passenger is a passenger train operated daily by Pakistan Railways between Quetta and Chaman in Balochistan, Pakistan. The trip takes approximately 4 hours and 45 minutes to cover a published distance of 130 kilometres (81 mi), traveling along a stretch of the Rohri–Chaman Railway Line.

Rohri–Chaman Line
Rohri–Chaman Railway Line (Urdu: روہڑی–چمن مرکزی ریل راستہ) (also referred to as Main Line 3 or ML-3) is one of four main railway lines in Pakistan, operated and maintained by Pakistan Railways. The line begins from Rohri Junction station and ends at Chaman station. The total length of this railway line is 526 kilometers (327 mi). There are 38 railway stations from Rohri Junction to Chaman on this line and is famous for passing through the historic Bolan pass. This line incorporates part of the historic Sind–Pishin State Railway.
Dociostaurus
Dociostaurus is a genus of grasshoppers in the family Acrididae, subfamily Gomphocerinae and typical of 
the tribe Dociostaurini.  Species are found in Africa, southern Europe and Asia, and includes the economically important Moroccan locust.

Dociostaurus maroccanus
Dociostaurus maroccanus, commonly known as the Moroccan locust, is a grasshopper in the insect family Acrididae. It is found in northern Africa, southern and eastern Europe and western Asia. It lives a solitary existence but in some years its numbers increase sharply, and it becomes gregarious and congregates to form swarms which can cause devastation in agricultural areas. The species was first described by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1815.
Volborthite
Volborthite is a mineral containing copper and vanadium, with the formula Cu3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O. Found originally in 1838 in the Urals, it was first named knaufite but was later changed to volborthite for Alexander von Volborth (1800–1876), a Russian paleontologist.

Tangeite (synonym: calciovolborthite), CaCuVO4(OH), is closely related.

Tangeite
Tangeite, also known as calciovolborthite, is a calcium, copper vanadate mineral with formula: CaCu(VO4)(OH). It occurs as a secondary mineral that can be found in sandstone and also in the oxidized zones of vanadium bearing deposits.

It was named in 1925 by Aleksandr Evgenievich Fersman for its discovery locality in the Tange Gorge, Ferghana Valley, Alai Mountains, Kyrgyzstan.
Pierpont Inn
The Pierpont Inn is a Craftsman bungalow-style hotel in Ventura, California, United States, on a bluff overlooking the Santa Barbara Channel. Built in 1910 for motoring tourists, the complex is City of San Buenaventura Historic Landmark Number 80. Josephine Pierpont thought the site on a bluff overlooking the ocean could serve the increasing number of automobile enthusiasts who would travel along the Pacific Coast looking for a place to rest.

California bungalow
California bungalow is an alternative name for the American Craftsman style of residential architecture, when it was applied to small-to-medium-sized homes rather than the large "ultimate bungalow" houses of designers like Greene and Greene. California bungalows became popular in suburban neighborhoods across the United States, and to varying extents elsewhere, from around 1910 to 1939.
Rolling coal
Rolling coal (also spelled rollin' coal) is the practice of modifying a diesel engine to deliberately emit large amounts of black or gray diesel exhaust, containing soot and incompletely combusted fuel. Rolling coal is used as a form of anti-environmentalism protest. In some jurisdictions the practice is illegal, due to it violating clean air laws.

Modifications may include the intentional removal of the particulate filter, installing smoke switches, large exhausts, and smoke stacks. Modifications to a vehicle to enable rolling coal typically cost from US$200 to US$5,000. The modification reduces the fuel economy of the vehicle.

Emission standard
Emission standards  are the legal requirements governing air pollutants released into the atmosphere. Emission standards set quantitative limits on the permissible amount of specific air pollutants that may be released from specific sources over specific timeframes. They are generally designed to achieve air quality standards and to protect human life. Different regions and countries have different standards for vehicle emissions.
Margie Singleton
Margaret Louise Ebey (born October 12, 1935), known professionally as Margie Singleton, is an American country music singer and songwriter. In the 1960s, she was a popular duet and solo recording artist, working with country stars George Jones and Faron Young. Singleton had her biggest hit with Young called "Keeping Up with the Joneses" in 1964. She managed a successful solo career in the 1960s.

Faron Young
Faron Young (February 25, 1932 – December 10, 1996) was an American country singer, musician, and songwriter from the early 1950s into the mid-1980s. His hits including "If You Ain't Lovin' (You Ain't Livin')" and "Live Fast, Love Hard, Die Young" marked him as a honky-tonk singer in sound and personal style; and his chart-topping singles "Hello Walls" and "It's Four in the Morning" showed his versatility as a vocalist.

Known as the "Hillbilly Heartthrob", and following a singing cowboy film role as the "Young Sheriff", Young's singles charted for more than 30 years.

In failing health, he died by suicide at the age of 64 in 1996. Young is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Luchi
Luchi is a flatbread that is deep-fried, popular in Bengali cuisine. It is made of maida flour, water, and ghee. It is similar to puri, which is made with atta rather than maida. Luchi is eaten with dishes such as aloo dum or dal. Originating from a dish called shaskuli, luchi was first attested in 1660. It is commonly eaten during festivals. Variations of luchi include kachori and khasta luchi, and local variations exist across Bengal.

Dal
In Indian cuisine, dal (also spelled daal or dhal  pronunciation: [d̪aːl]) are dried, split pulses (e.g., lentils, peas, and beans) that do not require soaking before cooking. India is the largest producer of pulses in the world. The term is also used for various soups prepared from these pulses. These pulses are among the leading  staple foods in South Asian countries, and form an important part of the cuisines of the Indian subcontinent.