hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baba Ali Shaikh Mahmood
Baba Ali Shaikh Mahmood (1912, in Sulaymaniyah – 1996, in London) was an Iraqi-Kurdish politician and the son of Sheikh Mahmud Barzanji, a prominent Kurdish leader who led several uprisings against the British Mandate of Iraq in the 1920s. Baba Ali was actively involved in Iraqi politics and held various governmental positions throughout his career. He served as minister of finance from 1946 to 1947, minister of transport from 1958 to 1959, and minister of agriculture from February to August 1963.

Mahmud Barzanji
Sheikh Mahmud Barzanji, also known as Mahmud Hafid Zadeh (1878 in Sulaymaniyah – October 9, 1956 in Baghdad) was a Kurdish leader of a series of Kurdish uprisings against the British Mandate of Iraq. He was sheikh of a Qadiriyah Sufi family of the Barzanji clan from the city of Sulaymaniyah, which is now in Kurdistan Region. He was named King of Kurdistan during several of these uprisings.

When the British Mandate of Mesopotamia was established in what is now Iraq after World War I, the British sought a suitable means of governing the Kurdish north. In 1918, following the tribal government in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of what is now Pakistan, then part of British India, the British appointed Barzaniji as governor over the Kurds in Sulaimaniyah. However, the determination of Barzanji was not in the interests of all Kurds, as the rivalry between tribes and orders was great.
Caja de Muertos Nature Reserve
Caja de Muertos Nature Reserve (Spanish: Reserva Natural Isla de Caja de Muertos) is a nature reserve in southern Puerto Rico consisting of the islands of Caja de Muertos, Cayo Morrillito, Cayo Berbería, and their surrounding reefs and waters in the Caribbean Sea. This nature reserve was founded on January 2, 1980, by the Puerto Rico Planning Board (Junta de Planificación) as recommended by the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales de Puerto Rico, DRNA) with the purpose of preserving the subtropical dry forest ecosystems found within these islands, some important sea turtle nesting sites, and the marine habitats found on their surrounding reefs and waters.

Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources
The Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (PRDNER) (Spanish: Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales de Puerto Rico) is the executive department of the government of Puerto Rico tasked with protecting, conserving, developing, and managing the natural and environmental resources in Puerto Rico. As of April 2022 the current interim Secretary is Anaí Rodríguez after the resignation of Rafael A. Machargo. As of November 2020 the department has 1,096 employees.
Claire Cayot O'Rourke
Claire Cayot O'Rourke (January 23, 1885 – June 26, 1996) was an American supercentenarian and the first woman to hold public office in the state of California.  At 111 years of age, she was also one of the oldest Americans on record and the oldest known survivor of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.

1906 San Francisco earthquake
The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was a major earthquake which struck the coast of Northern California at 05:12 am Pacific Standard Time on Wednesday, April 18, 1906. With an estimated moment magnitude of 7.9 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), it created high-intensity shaking from Eureka on the North Coast to the Salinas Valley, an agricultural region to the south of the San Francisco Bay Area.

Extensive fires soon broke out in San Francisco and lasted for several days. More than 3,000 people died and over 80% of the city was destroyed. The event is remembered as the deadliest earthquake in the history of the United States. The death toll remains the greatest loss of life from a natural disaster in California's history and high on the list of worst American disasters, natural or man-made.
Bladimir Lugo
Bladimir Humberto Lugo Armas (born 18 November 1968) is a brigadier general of the Venezuelan National Guard. By 2017, he was the commander of the unit of this force that guarded the Federal Legislative Palace, the government buildings of Venezuela.

On 29 June 2017, he was decorated by President Nicolás Maduro with the order of the Cross of the Presidential Guard. In light of human rights abuses against journalists, Venezuelan opposition politicians, and political opponents of Maduro, Lugo is currently subject to international sanctions from countries including the United States, Canada, and Panama.

Bolivarian National Guard of Venezuela
The Bolivarian National Guard of Venezuela (Spanish: Guardia Nacional Bolivariana de Venezuela - GNB), is a gendarmerie component of the National Armed Forces of Venezuela. The national guard can serve as gendarmerie, perform civil defense roles, or serve as a reserve light infantry force. The national guard was founded on 4 August 1937 by the then President of the Republic, General-in-Chief Eleazar López Contreras. The motto of the GNB is "El Honor es su divisa" ("Honor is its emblem"), slightly different from the motto of the Spanish Civil Guard "El Honor es mi divisa" ("Honor is my emblem").

The branch is recognized for its human rights violations under the Bolivarian government and its alleged involvement in international drug trafficking through the Cartel of the Suns.
Good Sad Happy Bad
Good Sad Happy Bad (formerly known as Micachu and the Shapes) is a British band formed in 2008 by Mica Levi a/k/a Micachu (vocals, guitar, electronics), Raisa Khan, also known as Raisa K (keyboards, vocals), and Marc Pell (drums, vocals). Initially fronted by Levi, they released their debut album Jewellery in 2008 via Rough Trade and Accidental Records. The group changed their name in 2016, and were joined by CJ Calderwood (saxophone, electronics, vocals), with Khan assuming the role of lead vocalist.

Matthew Herbert
Matthew Herbert (born in 1972), also known as Herbert, Doctor Rockit, Radio Boy, Mr. Vertigo, Transformer, Wishmountain, and DJ Empty, is a British electronic musician.  He often takes sounds from everyday items to produce electronic music.
Cutaneous receptor
A cutaneous receptor is a sensory receptor found in the skin that provides information about temperature, touch (including vibration and pain), spatial orientation, pressure (stretching or squeezing), and metabolic circumstances (including those induced by external chemical substances). The main four types of cutaneous receptors are tactile corpuscles, bulbous corpuscles, Pacinian corpuscles, and Merkel nerve endings, although the latter do not qualify as sensory corpuscles in the narrow sense.

Tactile corpuscle
Tactile corpuscles or Meissner's corpuscles are a type of mechanoreceptor discovered by anatomist Georg Meissner (1829–1905) and Rudolf Wagner. This corpuscle is a type of nerve ending in the skin that is responsible for sensitivity to pressure. In particular, they have their highest sensitivity (lowest threshold) when sensing vibrations between 10 and 50 hertz. They are rapidly adaptive receptors. They are most concentrated in thick hairless skin, especially at the finger pads.
James Webster (rugby league)
James Webster (born 11 July 1979) is an Australian professional rugby league football coach who was the head coach of Featherstone Rovers in the Championship, and a former professional player.

He was previously of the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats and Hull Kingston Rovers. Webster played as a scrum-half or hooker in the National Rugby League for Australian clubs Balmain Tigers and Parramatta Eels. He then played in the Super League for Hull Kingston Rovers, Hull F.C. and the Widnes Vikings. Webster stayed in England after retiring from playing and became a coach.

Widnes Vikings
The Widnes Vikings are an English rugby league club in Widnes, Cheshire, which competes in the Championship. The club plays home matches at DCBL Stadium. Founded as Widnes Football Club, they are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. Their historic nickname is "The Chemics" after the main industry in Widnes, but now they use their modern nickname, "The Vikings".

The club enjoyed a period of success in the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s, and were frequently described as "Cup Kings" reaching the Challenge Cup Final 7 times in 10 years between 1975 and 1984. In 1989, after winning their third Rugby League Premiership, Widnes became the first official World Club Champions by beating the Australian champions Canberra Raiders 30–18 at Old Trafford. They have a strong local rivalry with Warrington Wolves.
Water safety plan
A water safety plan is a plan to ensure the safety of drinking water through the use of a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach that encompasses all steps in water supply from catchment to consumer.

Water quality
Water quality refers to the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water based on the standards of its usage. It is most frequently used by reference to a set of standards against which compliance, generally achieved through treatment of the water, can be assessed. The most common standards used to monitor and assess water quality convey the health of ecosystems, safety of human contact, extent of water pollution and condition of drinking water. Water quality has a significant impact on water supply and often determines supply options.
Mahesh Prabhakar Choughule
Mahesh Prabhakar Choughule is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He has been elected three times as MLA for Bhiwandi and secured the seat for BJP in minority populated area. He is a second term member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Palace of the Republic, Banja Luka
The Palace of the Republic (Serbian: Палата Републике, Palata Republike) is the official residence of the President of Republika Srpska.

It is located in the Center of Banja Luka alongside the famous "Gospodska" street near the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, Banski Dvor and City Assembly building. During its existence it was the seat of several state institutions mainly linked with the economy.

President of Republika Srpska
The president of Republika Srpska (Serbian Cyrillic: Предсједник Републике Српске, Serbian Latin: Predsjednik Republike Srpske) is the highest executive authority in Republika Srpska, an entity in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is one of the executive authorities, along with the Government of Republika Srpska. The president of Republika Srpska is directly elected for a term of four years, along with two vice presidents from different constituent nations (Serbs, Bosniaks and Croats). None of them can be from a same constituent nation at the same time. The president's residence is in Banja Luka.

The first president was Radovan Karadžić of the Serb Democratic Party, elected to the post in 1992, who led Republika Srpska during the Bosnian War and who was later sentenced to 40 years in prison for Srebrenica genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. Siniša Karan of the Alliance of Independent Social Democrats took office in 2026.
Battle of Kamatero
The Battle of Kamatero was an armed conflict during the Greek revolution between the Greek forces under the command of the Greek ex officer of the French army, Colonel Denis Bourbaki and the Ottoman forces  led by Reşid Mehmed Pasha. The battle ended with the decisive victory of the Ottomans on the night of 27 January 1827 (O.S.) in Kamatero, Greece (near Menidi).

Reşid Mehmed Pasha
Reşid Mehmed Pasha, also known as Kütahı (Greek: Μεχμέτ Ρεσίτ πασάς Κιουταχής, 1780–1836), was an Ottoman statesman and general who reached the post of Grand Vizier in the first half of the 19th century, playing an important role in the Greek War of Independence.
Burgstall Schlosshügel
The Burgstall of Schlosshügel near Weidenberg is a lost hill castle or circular rampart site of the type known as a motte from the Early Middle Ages. It lies on the southern perimeter of the Fichtel Mountains at a height of 699 metres above sea level (NN) above the village of Sophienthal, which is part of the market borough of Weidenberg in the Upper Franconia county of Bayreuth in Bavaria. The burgstall or lost castle site was partly investigated by means of an archaeological test excavation and was also mapped several times in the past.

Motte-and-bailey castle
A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a walled courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the Low Countries it controlled, in the 11th century, when these castles were popularized in the area that became the Netherlands. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
Central Sugar Mill Ruins
Central Sugar Mill Ruins is a heritage-listed former sugar cane mill at Old Mill Road, Yengarie, Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from 1866 to 1890s. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 December 2005.

Yengarie Sugar Refinery Ruins
Yengarie Sugar Refinery is a heritage-listed refinery at Old Mill Road, Yengarie, Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c. 1867 to c. 1883. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.
Dietrich Klagges
Dietrich Klagges (German pronunciation: [ˈdiːtʁɪç ˈklaɡəs]; 1 February 1891 – 12 November 1971) was German politician of the Nazi Party who from 1933 to 1945 was the Ministerpräsident of the Free State of Brunswick. He also went by the pseudonym Rudolf Berg. Klagges is best known for obtaining German citizenship for Adolf Hitler in 1932, thereby making him eligible to run for political office.  He was responsible for the persecution of Jews and Social Democratic opponents in Brunswick, resulting in imprisonments and deaths. He was also an SS-Obergruppenführer. Following the end of the Second World War, Klagges was arrested and stood  trial for his crimes; he was convicted, imprisoned and released in 1957.

Obergruppenführer
Obergruppenführer (German: [ˈoːbɐˌɡʁʊpm̩fyːʁɐ], lit. 'senior group leader') was a paramilitary rank in Nazi Germany that was first created in 1932 as a rank of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and adopted by the Schutzstaffel (SS) one year later. Until April 1942, it was the highest commissioned SS rank after only Reichsführer-SS. Translated as "senior group leader", the rank of Obergruppenführer was senior to Gruppenführer. A similarly named rank of Untergruppenführer existed in the SA from 1929 to 1930 and as a title until 1933. In April 1942, the new rank of SS-Oberst-Gruppenführer was created which was above Obergruppenführer and below Reichsführer-SS.
German destroyer Z51
Z51 was the only ship of the Type 1942 destroyer class built for the Kriegsmarine. She was the only destroyer built by the Kriegsmarine to use diesel fuel, which would have given it a longer range and readier access to refueling compared to fuel oil. The Type 1942 destroyer class went through a long period of development, including four total designs. Z51 was ordered on 25 November 1942, and launched on 2 October 1944, far before being finished, likely to clear her slipway for U-boat construction. She was left floating outside Bremen and was sunk in an air raid on 21 March 1945. Germany attempted to communicate the plans for the Type 1942 destroyer to its ally the Empire of Japan using a submarine, U-234, however Germany surrendered before the submarine reached Japan. Z51 was broken up between 1948 and 1949.

German submarine U-234
German submarine U-234 was a Type XB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II, she was commanded by Kapitänleutnant Johann-Heinrich Fehler. Her first and only mission into enemy or contested territory consisted of the attempted delivery of uranium oxide and German advanced weapons technology to the Empire of Japan. After receiving the order of Hitler's successor Admiral Dönitz to surface and surrender and of Germany's unconditional surrender, the submarine's crew surrendered to the United States on 14 May 1945.
Bodotriidae
Bodotriidae is a family of crustaceans belonging to the order Cumacea. Bodotriids have a worldwide distribution in shallow and deep waters. There are over 380 described species in over 30 genera, being the most diverse cumacean family. Their external morphology differs from other cumaceans by a combination of traits that independently are not unique to the family: the telson is fused to the last abdominal segment (last pleonite), the dorsal part of the mandible has a boat shape (naviculoid), exopods exist on the third maxilliped and the first peraeopod, and there is a uropodal endopod with one or two articles.

Decapod anatomy
The anatomy of a decapod consists of 20 body segments grouped into two main body parts: the cephalothorax and the pleon (abdomen). Each segment – often called a somite – may possess one pair of appendages, although in various groups these may be reduced or missing.
Isabel Wiseler-Santos Lima
Isabel Wiseler-Santos Lima (born 29 December 1961) is a Portuguese-born Luxembourgish politician of the Christian Social People's Party (part of the European People's Party group) who has been serving as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since the 2019 European elections.

2019 European Parliament election in Luxembourg
Elections for the 2019 European Parliament election in Luxembourg were held on 26 May 2019. Ten parties contested the election for Luxembourg's six seats in the European Parliament.

The Democratic Party won the highest percentage of the vote with 21.4 %, making it the first time this party came first in an election in Luxembourg. They were also the first in which the Christian Social People's Party lost to the Democratic Party in Luxembourg-wide elections.
The Drop (Lehane novel)
The Drop is a 2014 novel by Dennis Lehane. It was adapted from a feature film of the same name, released in September 2014, and the last film of James Gandolfini.  The film was an adaptation of a 2009 short story by Lehane, "Animal Rescue".

The Drop (2014 film)
The Drop is a 2014 American crime film directed by Michaël R. Roskam and written by Dennis Lehane, based on his 2009 short story "Animal Rescue". It follows Bob Saginowski, a barman who becomes entangled in an investigation after the mafia-run bar where he works is robbed. It stars Tom Hardy, Noomi Rapace, James Gandolfini (in his final film role), and Matthias Schoenaerts.

It premiered at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically on September 12, 2014, by Fox Searchlight Pictures. It received generally positive reviews and grossed $4.1 million during its opening weekend and $18.9 million worldwide, against a budget of $12.6 million.
Melvin Manhoef
Melvin Manhoef (born 11 May 1976) is a Surinamese-born Dutch retired mixed martial artist and kickboxer. In kickboxing, he is a former It's Showtime Middleweight Champion, and in MMA he was the Cage Rage Light Heavyweight Champion. In mixed martial arts, he competed in Bellator's Light heavyweight and Middleweight division and has also formerly competed for Strikeforce, DREAM, RINGS, It's Showtime, K-1, ONE FC, and KSW. Manhoef is known for his fearsome knockout power, 29 of his 32 wins have come via knockout, the highest percentage of any MMA fighter with at least 15 wins.

ONE Championship
ONE Championship, formerly ONE Fighting Championship (ONE FC) until January 2015, is a multinational combat sports promotion founded on 14 July 2011 by Chatri Sityodtong and Victor Cui. Originally focused on mixed martial arts (MMA), ONE events have since incorporated muay thai, kickboxing, and submission grappling bouts. The promotion held its first event on 3 September 2011 at the Singapore Indoor Stadium, and has since held over 200 events across Asia. In 2022, parent company One Group Holdings, changed its legal operations from Singapore to the Cayman Islands.
Third government of Segismundo Moret
The third government of Segismundo Moret was formed on 21 October 1909, following the latter's appointment as prime minister of Spain by King Alfonso XIII and his swearing-in that same day, as a result of Antonio Maura's resignation from the post on 21 October amid the political fallout from the Tragic Week and Francisco Ferrer's execution. It succeeded the second Maura government and was the government of Spain from 21 October 1909 to 9 February 1910, a total of 111 days, or 3 months and 19 days.

The cabinet comprised members of the Liberal Party and two military officers. It resigned on 9 February 1910 as a consequence of an internal crisis within the Liberals over the issue of collabotation with republican parties seeing Moret disavowed by leading party figures and the King himself, serving until the next government was sworn in.

Liberal Party (Spain, 1880)
The Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal), originally called Liberal Fusionist Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal-Fusionista, PLF) until 1885, was a Spanish political party created in 1880 by Práxedes Mateo Sagasta. With the Conservative Party of Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, it formed a two-party system of alternating governments, the turno, which characterised the Spanish Restoration during the late 19th century and the early 20th century.
Miller & Martin (architects)
Miller & Martin, known after 1935 as Miller, Martin & Lewis, was an American architectural firm established in 1900 in Birmingham, Alabama. The founding partners were John A. Miller AIA and Hugh Martin FAIA, who developed a successful regional practice. After their retirements and deaths the firm was continued by their successors, James A. Lewis AIA, Edwin T. McCowan AIA and William P. Knight AIA until its eventual dissolution in 1998, at which time it was the oldest architectural firm in Alabama.

Fellow of the American Institute of Architects
Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) is a postnominal title or membership, designating an individual who has been named a fellow of the American Institute of Architects (AIA).

Fellowship is bestowed by the institute on AIA-member architects who have made outstanding contributions to the profession through design excellence, contributions in the field of architectural education, or to the advancement of the profession. In 2014, fewer than 3,200 of the more than 80,000 AIA members were fellows. Honorary Fellowship (Hon. FAIA) is awarded to foreign (non-U.S. citizen) architects, and to non-architects who have made substantial contributions to the field of architecture or to the institute.