hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Uwe Speidel
Uwe Speidel (born 27 March 1971) is a German football coach.

He spent most of his career as a conditioning coach or assistant manager, having two spells as interim manager of MSV Duisburg and Hansa Rostock in the 2. Bundesliga. At the start of his career, he worked at S.L. Benfica in Portugal and Xerez CD in Spain, under Germans Jupp Heynckes and Bernd Schuster respectively.

Jupp Heynckes
Josef "Jupp" Heynckes (German: [ˈjʊp ˈhaɪnkəs]; born 9 May 1945) is a German retired professional footballer and manager. For the majority of his playing career he was as a striker for Borussia Mönchengladbach in its golden era of the 1960s and '70s, when they won many national championships and the DFB-Pokal, as well as the UEFA Cup. During this period the team played in its only European Cup final in 1977, losing to Liverpool. He is the fourth-highest goalscorer in the history of the Bundesliga, with 220 goals. He was a member of the West Germany national team that won the UEFA Euro 1972 and the 1974 FIFA World Cup titles.

As manager, Heynckes won four Bundesliga titles with Bayern Munich and two UEFA Champions Leagues; with Real Madrid in 1997–98 and Bayern in 2012–13, the latter of which was part of a continental treble. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest managers of all time.
3rd Legions Infantry Division (Poland)
Polish 3rd Legions Infantry Division (3. Dywizja Piechoty Legionów) was a tactical unit of the Polish Army between the World Wars. Formed in 1919, as a third unit composed significantly of veterans of the Polish Legions in World War I (after Polish 1st Legions Infantry Division and Polish 2nd Legions Infantry Division), it saw extensive action during the Polish-Bolshevik War and the Invasion of Poland. In the interbellum period, the headquarters of the division was stationed in Zamość, while its regiments were garrisoned in Chelm, Lublin, Zamosc and other locations.

The division was officially formed on April 9, 1919, in former Austrian Galicia, during the ongoing Polish-Ukrainian War. At the beginning it consisted of three regiments (7th Legions Infantry, 8th Legions Infantry and 3rd Legions Light Artillery), but was later reinforced with 9th Infantry Regiment.

1st Legions Infantry Division (Poland)
The Polish 1st Legions Infantry Division (1. Dywizja Piechoty Legionów) is a tactical formation of the Polish Army. The division was formed on 20 February 1919 and carries the traditions of the 1st Legions Infantry Division, which was formed in 1919 with veterans of the Polish Legions in World War I. The division saw extensive combat during the Polish–Soviet War. Afterwards the division served with the Polish Army of the Second Polish Republic. In 1939, the division fought against Wehrmacht forces during the German Invasion of Poland.
Goldsmith's Inlet mill
Goldsmith's Inlet is a tidal inlet located in the Town of Southold on the North Fork of Long Island, New York in the United States. The Peconic or Goldsmith Inlet Grist Mill had its beginnings in 1836, when plans were first made for its construction.

Southold, New York
The Town of Southold is one of ten towns in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is located in the northeastern tip of the county, on the North Fork of Long Island. The population was 23,732 at the 2020 census. The town contains a hamlet,  also named Southold, which was settled in 1640.
Financial supervisory authority
A financial regulatory authority or financial supervisory authority, alternatively financial regulator or financial supervisor, is a public authority whose role is to ensure the proper implementation of financial regulation within its scope of responsibility. Some, though not all, such authorities also set financial rules of their own.

Financial supervisory authorities include those in charge of bank supervision; of securities regulation, often referred to as securities commissions; of anti–money laundering supervision of financial firms; of consumer protection in financial services, and more generally of enforcing "conduct-of-business" requirements; of macroprudential regulation; and of audit oversight, under a separate authority in many jurisdictions. Several deposit guarantee schemes also have a supervisory role associated with their involvement in bank resolution.

Financial regulation
Financial regulation is a broad set of policies that apply to the financial sector in most jurisdictions, justified by two main features of finance: systemic risk, which implies that the failure of financial firms involves public interest considerations; and information asymmetry, which justifies curbs on freedom of contract in selected areas of financial services, particularly those that involve retail clients and/or principal–agent problems. An integral part of financial regulation is the supervision of designated financial firms and markets by specialized authorities such as securities commissions and bank supervisors.

In some jurisdictions, certain aspects of financial supervision are delegated to self-regulatory organizations. Financial regulation forms one of three legal categories which constitutes the content of financial law, the other two being market practices and case law.
1993 Kolkata firing
The 1993 Kolkata Firing was an incident of firing by Calcutta Police in 1993 on Indian National Congress workers. The State Youth Congress led by Mamata Banerjee had organised a protest march to Writers' Building on 21 July 1993 against the then Communist government of the state, demanding photo voter identity cards be made mandatory to ensure fair elections. The Police fired on the protesters killing 13 people and injuring many others.

The Trinamool Congress on assuming power in 2011 constituted one-man commission of Justice (retired) Sushanto Chattopadhyay, a former Chief Justice of Orissa High Court to investigate the incident.

Trinamool Congress
The Trinamool Congress (TMC; transl. Grassroots Congress), officially All India Trinamool Congress, is an Indian political party that is mainly influential in the state of West Bengal. It was founded by Mamata Banerjee on 1 January 1998 as a breakaway faction of the Indian National Congress and rapidly rose to prominence in the politics of West Bengal under her leadership. Presently, it is ruling the state of West Bengal beside being the third-largest party in India in terms of number of MPs just after the Bharatiya Janata Party and National Congress.

The party won a historic victory in the 2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election by ending the 34-year-long Left Front rule, world's longest democratically elected communist government. It has won a three-time majority in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly and has been the ruling party in West Bengal since 20 May 2011. AITC is led by Mamata Banerjee as the chairperson of the party.
ACES (buffer)
ACES (N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a chemical compound that is one of Good's buffers.  It was developed in the 1960s to provide buffer solutions with pH ranging from 6.15-8.35 for use in various applications.  With a pKa of 6.9, it is often used as a buffering agent in biological and biochemical research.  It is a zwitterionic buffer with a useful buffering range of 6.1-7.5.  The pioneering publication by Good and his co-workers described the synthesis and physical properties of ACES buffer.

Good's buffers
Good's buffers (also Good buffers) are twenty buffering agents for biochemical and biological research selected and described by Norman Good and colleagues during 1966–1980. Most of the buffers were new zwitterionic compounds prepared and tested by Good and coworkers for the first time, though some (MES, ADA, BES, Bicine) were known compounds previously overlooked by biologists. Before Good's work, few hydrogen ion buffers between pH 6 and 8 had been accessible to biologists, and very inappropriate, toxic, reactive and inefficient buffers had often been used. Many Good's buffers became and remain crucial tools in modern biological laboratories.
Smethwick Rangers F.C.
Smethwick Rangers Football Club is a football club based in Smethwick, West Midlands, England. They are members of the Midland League Division One and play at the Trevor Brown Memorial Ground in Boldmere, groundsharing with Boldmere St Michaels.

Boldmere St. Michaels F.C.
Boldmere St. Michaels Football Club is a football club based in Boldmere, Sutton Coldfield, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One Midlands and play at the Boldmere Community Stadium.
Lewart coat of arms
Lewart is a Polish coat of arms. It was borne by several noble families of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Families that descended from the original medieval clan assumed this coat of arms, as well as those legally adopted into the clan.

Polish heraldry
Polish heraldry is the study of the coats of arms that have historically been used in Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It treats of specifically Polish heraldic traits and of the Polish heraldic system, contrasted with heraldic systems used elsewhere, notably in Western Europe. Due to the distinctive ways in which feudal societies evolved, Poland's heraldic traditions differ substantially from those of the modern-day German lands and France.

Polish heraldry is an integral part of the history of the Polish szlachta (nobility).
Ruby Jerins
Ruby Jerins is an American actress who played Grace Peyton for seven seasons in the comedy-drama series Nurse Jackie. She started out playing guest star parts on NBC’s Law & Order: SVU and Kidnapped, and then was a recurring character in the ABC series Six Degrees. She played the daughter of Kevin Bacon in the HBO film Taking Chance, and when she was 8, Martin Scorsese cast her opposite Leonardo DiCaprio and Michelle Williams in Shutter Island. She then played Caroline Hawkins in the 2010 film Remember Me opposite Robert Pattinson, Emilie de Ravin, and Pierce Brosnan. After that she booked the role of Melanie in Louder Than Bombs, a film by Joachim Trier that was in the main competition at Cannes in 2015. She can be seen in "BLKBX", a music video filmed in several parts featuring Grace Gaustad that promotes self empowerment and healing above bullying for young women. Jerins studied acting at LaGuardia High School of the Arts in New York City, and went to college at Tulane University.

Emilie de Ravin
Emilie de Ravin (/ˈɛməli də ˈrævɪn/; born 27 December 1981) is an Australian actress. She first gained recognition for playing Tess Harding on The WB's science fiction television series Roswell (2000–2002). She went on to portray Claire Littleton on the ABC drama series Lost (2004–2008, 2010), and Belle on the ABC fantasy adventure series Once Upon a Time (2011–2018). De Ravin's film credits include Santa's Slay (2005), The Hills Have Eyes (2006) and Ball Don't Lie (2008), Brick (2005), Public Enemies (2009) and Remember Me (2010).
Cowan, New South Wales
Cowan is a town in the state of New South Wales, Australia, approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of Hornsby Shire. Cowan shares the postcode of 2081 with Berowra.

Hornsby Shire
Hornsby Shire is a local government area situated on the Upper North Shore as well as parts of the Hills District, of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The shire stretches from the M2 Hills Motorway in the south to the Hawkesbury River town of Wisemans Ferry, some 53 kilometres (33 mi) to the north, making it the largest local government council in the Greater Sydney Metropolitan region by total area. As of the 2016 census the shire had an estimated population of 142,667.

The mayor of Hornsby Shire is Cr Warren Waddell, a member of the Liberal Party, who was elected on 14 September 2024.
Ellenbrook railway station
Ellenbrook railway station is a suburban railway station in Ellenbrook, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. The station is the north-eastern terminus of the Ellenbrook line.

Ellenbrook station consists of a ground-level island platform with a bus interchange and car park. The contract for the construction of the Ellenbrook line was awarded to Laing O'Rourke in October 2020. Construction on Ellenbrook station started in January 2022 and was completed in March 2024, making it the first new station on the Ellenbrook line to begin and complete construction. The station opened alongside the rest of the Ellenbrook line on 8 December 2024.

There are five trains per hour stopping at Ellenbrook station during peak, reducing to four trains per hour outside peak. A journey to Perth station takes 31 minutes. Feeder bus routes serve the surrounding area.

Perth railway station
Perth railway station is the largest station on the Transperth network, serving the central business district of Perth, Western Australia. It serves as an interchange between the Airport, Armadale, Ellenbrook, Fremantle, Midland, and Thornlie–Cockburn lines as well as Transwa's Australind service. It is also directly connected to Perth Underground railway station, which has the Yanchep and Mandurah lines.
Women's Boat Race 2012
The 67th Women's Boat Race took place on 26 March 2012.  The race was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races and took place at Henley-on-Thames.  In a race umpired by multiple Olympic gold medallist Matthew Pinsent, Cambridge won by one quarter of a length in a time of 6 minutes 38 seconds, their first win since the 2007 race.  The victory took the overall record in the event to 41–26 in Cambridge's favour.

Henley Boat Races
The Henley Boat Races were a series of annual rowing races between various crews representing the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge.

The event included the Lightweight Men's Boat Race from 1975 to 2018, the Women's Boat Race from 1977 to 2014, the Lightweight Women's Boat Race from 1984 to 2019, and the Collegiate Boat Races from 2010 to 2019. Between 2015 and 2020, the openweight and lightweight Varsity races previously held at Henley were relocated to the Championship Course to match the openweight men's Boat Race, at which point the Collegiate Boat Races were scrapped.
Llanelli RFC 13–9 Australia
As part of their 1992 tour of Europe, the Australia national rugby union team played 13 matches in Ireland and Wales. The ninth match was played against Welsh club side Llanelli RFC on 14 November 1992 at Stradey Park, Llanelli. The hosts won the match 13–9 thanks to a first-half try from wing Ieuan Evans, converted by Colin Stephens, who added two drop goals in the second half. All of Australia's points came from penalties kicked by Marty Roebuck.

Llanelli RFC
Llanelli Rugby Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Llanelli) was a Welsh rugby union club founded on 30 March 1872.

The club's historic home ground was Stradey Park in Llanelli, but they moved in 2008 to the new Parc y Scarlets in adjacent Pemberton. The club song is "Sosban Fach", a Welsh song meaning "Little Saucepan", which is sometimes sung by the club's fans during matches as the club anthem. The team colours are scarlet and white.

Following the 2003 regionalisation of Welsh rugby, Llanelli became a feeder club to the Scarlets regional team. Following the 2022-23 season, the club was disbanded.
Du Xunhe
Du Xunhe (traditional Chinese: 杜荀鶴; simplified Chinese: 杜荀鹤; pinyin: Dù Xúnhè; 846-?), Courtesy name Yanzhi (彥之), Art name Jiuhua Shanren (九華山人) was a Chinese poet of the late Tang dynasty, with one of his poems being included in the anthology Three Hundred Tang Poems. Along with Nie Yizhong, Luo Yin, and Pi Rixiu, he was one of the key figures of the late Tang realist movement of Chinese poetry.

Luo Yin
Luo Yin (c. 833 – 910, courtesy name Zhaojian), born Luo Heng, was a poet of the late Tang and early Wuyue dynasties. Luo's poetry was widely read and cherished, but he was unsuccessful in life; having failed the imperial examination 10 times, he was penniless until the warlord and Wuyue founder Qian Liu gave him official posts in his hometown Hang Prefecture. Luo was said to be very ugly and arrogant.
Louisiana Highway 140
Louisiana Highway 140 (LA 140) is a state highway located in Morehouse Parish, Louisiana.  It runs 14.76 miles (23.75 km) in an east–west direction from U.S. Highway 425 (US 425) in Log Cabin to a junction with U.S. Highway 165 (US 165) and LA 599 in Bonita.

The route provides the most direct connection between Bastrop, the parish seat, and northbound US 165, which heads north from Bonita toward the Arkansas state line.  US 165 takes a more indirect routing, heading eastward out of Bastrop before turning north at Mer Rouge.  Providing both a north–south and an east–west function, the signage for LA 140 does not carry directional banners.  The route is known locally as Old Bonita Road.

U.S. Route 165
U.S. Route 165 is a north–south United States highway spur of U.S. Highway 65.  It currently runs for 412 miles (663 km) from U.S. Route 90 in Iowa, Louisiana north to U.S. Highway 70 in North Little Rock, Arkansas. The route passes through the states of Arkansas and Louisiana.  It passes through the cities of Monroe and Alexandria in Louisiana. A segment of US 165 serves as a routing of the Great River Road within Arkansas.
Bordesley railway station
Bordesley railway station is a small railway station serving the area of Bordesley in Birmingham, England located between Birmingham Moor Street and Small Heath stations. The current minimal level of service at the station is provided by West Midlands Trains services between Whitlocks End and Kidderminster via Birmingham Snow Hill. The station is the least used in the West Midlands county with only 9,088 passengers using it annually.

The station opened in 1855, was resited in 1915, and downgraded in the 1960s.

The surviving single island platform is above street level, as the railway line here is on a viaduct, and lies south of Coventry Road. The only public access is from Coventry Road, directly underneath the railway bridge.

Kidderminster railway station
Kidderminster railway station is the main station serving the large town of Kidderminster, Worcestershire, England and the wider Wyre Forest district. The station is operated by West Midlands Trains, and is on the Birmingham to Worcester via Kidderminster Line. Regular commuter services run to Birmingham and Worcester. It shares its station approach with the adjacent Severn Valley Railway station.
Alice S. Fisher
Alice Stevens Fisher (born January 27, 1967) is an American lawyer and partner at the Washington, D.C. office of Latham & Watkins LLP. Fisher served as Deputy United States Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division from 2001 to 2003 and as an Assistant Attorney General in the Department of Justice Criminal Division for three years, from 2005 to May 23, 2008.

In 2010 Fisher was recognized as one of "Washington's Most Influential Women Lawyers" by the National Law Journal and was rated among the top 45 women lawyers under 45 in 2011 by The American Lawyer in 2011.

On May 13, 2017, Fisher was interviewed for the post of FBI Director following the dismissal of James Comey by President Donald Trump. Fisher withdrew her name from consideration the week of May 15, 2017.

United States Department of Justice Criminal Division
The United States Department of Justice Criminal Division is a federal agency of the United States Department of Justice that develops, enforces, and supervises the application of all federal criminal laws in the United States. Criminal Division attorneys prosecute many nationally significant cases and formulate and implement criminal enforcement policy. Division attorneys also provide advice and guidance to the attorney general of the United States, the United States Congress, and the White House on matters of criminal law. The Division was founded in 1919.
Sidronio Camacho
Sidronio Camacho was one of the soldiers of Emiliano Zapata during the Mexican Revolution and the killer of Emiliano's brother, Eufemio.

On June 18, 1917, Camacho killed Emiliano's brother, Eufemio Zapata, who had beaten up Camacho's father, at the time Eufemio's second in command, supposedly for drunkenness (according to some sources, it was Eufemio who was drunk, not Sidronio's father ), at Cuautla, Mexico. Sidronio avenged his father by shooting Eufemio in the abdomen. He then threw his still-living victim on an anthill. This event earned him the nickname "el loco Sidronio" ("the crazy Sidronio").

Knowing Emiliano would want to avenge his brother, Sidronio sought out sanctuary with Zapata's enemies, the Carrancistas (followers of Venustiano Carranza), who granted him an amnesty.

Eufemio Zapata
Eufemio Zapata Salazar (1873 in Ciudad Ayala –  June 18, 1917, in Cuautla, Morelos) was a participant in the Mexican Revolution and the brother of Mexican revolutionary Emiliano Zapata. He was known as a womanizer, a macho man, and a very heavy drinker.
Verifiable credentials
Verifiable credentials (VCs) are digital credentials which follow the relevant World Wide Web Consortium open standards. They can represent information found in physical credentials, such as a passport or license, as well as new things that have no physical equivalent, such as ownership of a bank account. They have numerous advantages over physical credentials, most notably that they're digitally signed, which makes them tamper-resistant and instantaneously verifiable.

Verifiable credentials can be issued by anyone, about anything, and can be presented to and verified by everyone. The entity that generates the credential is called the Issuer. The credential is then given to the Holder who stores it for later use. The Holder can then prove something about themselves by presenting their credentials to a Verifier.

World Wide Web Consortium
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web. Founded in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee, the consortium is made up of member organizations that maintain full-time staff working together in the development of technical standards for the World Wide Web. As of May 2025, W3C has 350 members. The organization has been led by CEO Seth Dobbs since October 2023. W3C also engages in education and outreach, develops software and serves as an open forum for discussion about the Web.
Kim Hong-jip
Kim Hong-jip (Korean: 김홍집; Hanja: 金弘集; 1842 – February 11, 1896) was a Korean politician best known for his role as prime minister during the Kabo Reform period from 1895–1896. His name was originally Kim Goeng-jip (김굉집; 金宏集) which he later changed to Kim Hong-jip. His father, Kim Yeong-jak, served as mayor of Kaesŏng in the Joseon Dynasty.

In 1880, Kim undertook an official mission to Japan where he learned first-hand of the modernizing reforms taking place in that country and inspiring in him a desire to effect such changes in Korea. After the Kapsin Coup, he became the first vice-premier 'Jwauijeong' and entered into the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1885. Then, in 1896, Hong-jip was appointed as prime minister to suppress the Donghak Peasant Revolution. During this period, he abolished the caste system of the Joseon Dynasty and carried out an ordinance prohibiting topknots. After the assassination of Empress Myeongseong, "pro-Japan cabinet members like Kim and O Yun-jung were killed."

Japan–Korea Treaty of 1885
The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1885, also known as the Treaty of Hanseong (Japanese: 漢城条約, Hepburn: Kanjō Jōyaku) with Hanseong (Korean: 한성; Hanja: 漢城) being a historical name for Seoul, was negotiated between Japan and Korea following an unsuccessful coup d'état in the Korean capital in December 1884.