hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lenham
Lenham is a market village and civil parish in the Maidstone district, in Kent, England, situated on the southern edge of the North Downs, 9 miles (14 km) east of Maidstone. The picturesque square in the village has two public houses (one of which is a hotel), a couple of restaurants, and a tea-room. The parish has a population of 3,370 according to the 2011 Census.

Lenham railway station is on the Maidstone East Line.

The village is at the main source of the Great Stour and the Stour Valley Walk starts here, heading to Ashford and on to Canterbury and the English Channel near Sandwich. It is also the source of the River Len, which flows in a westerly direction to join the River Medway at Maidstone.

Kent Downs line
The Kent Downs line is a railway line between Otford and Ashford International in Kent, England. It adopted its current name in 2020, by the Kent Rail Partnership.

It covers a large part of what was known as the Maidstone line which extended further from Otford to Swanley. This line diverged from the Chatham Main Line at Swanley Junction, and proceeds down the Darent Valley line to Otford junction, where the Darent Valley line, also known as the Bat & Ball line, divides towards Sevenoaks. Whereas the line now known as Kent Downs, continues via Borough Green & Wrotham and Maidstone East to Ashford, where it joins the South Eastern Main Line.
2025 Myrtle Beach Bowl
The 2025 Myrtle Beach Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 19, 2025, at Brooks Stadium in Conway, South Carolina. The sixth annual Myrtle Beach Bowl began at 11 a.m. EST and aired on ESPN. The Myrtle Beach Bowl was one of the 2025–26 bowl games concluding the 2025 FBS football season. The game is sponsored by Engine, a corporate business travel platform, and is officially named the Myrtle Beach Bowl presented by Engine.

The Myrtle Beach Bowl featured two conference champions—the Kennesaw State Owls (10–3) from Conference USA, and the Western Michigan Broncos (9–4) from the Mid-American Conference. Western Michigan beat Kennesaw State by a score of 41–6.

Myrtle Beach Bowl
The Myrtle Beach Bowl is an NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) college football bowl game first played in December 2020 in the Myrtle Beach metropolitan area. Coastal Carolina University hosts the game at its Brooks Stadium in Conway, South Carolina, which has a capacity of 20,000 seats following an expansion project completed prior to the 2019 season.

Owned by ESPN Events, the bowl has tie-ins with Conference USA, the Mid-American Conference and the Sun Belt Conference. The affiliation contract with ESPN Events has each conference supplying a team four times in a six-year bowl cycle from 2020 to 2025.  The Myrtle Beach Bowl is one of three contemporary bowl games that have never released payout totals for the teams involved in the game (the Fenway Bowl and the LA Bowl are the others).
Bennington, New York
Bennington is a town in Wyoming County, New York, United States. The population was 3,235 during the 2020 census. The town was named after Bennington, Vermont.

Geographically, the town of Bennington is the largest in Wyoming County, occupying a significant portion of the county's northwest corner.

Bennington, Vermont
Bennington is a town in Bennington County, Vermont, United States. It is one of two shire towns (county seats) of the county, the other being Manchester. As of the 2020 US Census, the population was 15,333. Bennington is the most populous town in southern Vermont, the second-largest town in Vermont (after Colchester) and the fifth-largest municipality in the state.

The town is home to the Bennington Battle Monument, which is the tallest human-made structure in the state of Vermont. The town has a long history of manufacturing, primarily within wood processing. The town is also recognized nationally for its pottery, iron, and textiles.
Canonical bundle
In mathematics, the canonical bundle of a non-singular algebraic variety  of dimension  over a field is the line bundle  , which is the th exterior power of the cotangent bundle  on .

Over the complex numbers, it is the determinant bundle of the holomorphic cotangent bundle . Equivalently, it is the line bundle of holomorphic -forms on .
This is the dualising object for Serre duality on . It may equally well be considered as an invertible sheaf.

The canonical class is the divisor class of a Cartier divisor  on  giving rise to the canonical bundle — it is an equivalence class for linear equivalence on , and any divisor in it may be called a canonical divisor. An anticanonical divisor is any divisor − with  canonical.

The anticanonical bundle is the corresponding inverse bundle . When the anticanonical bundle of  is ample,  is called a Fano variety.

Cotangent bundle
In mathematics, especially differential geometry, the cotangent bundle of a smooth manifold is the vector bundle of all the cotangent spaces at every point in the manifold. It may be described also as the dual bundle to the tangent bundle. This may be generalized to categories with more structure than smooth manifolds, such as complex manifolds, or (in the form of cotangent sheaf) algebraic varieties or schemes. In the smooth case, any Riemannian metric or symplectic form gives an isomorphism between the cotangent bundle and the tangent bundle, but they are not in general isomorphic in other categories.
GPC Sport
Squadra Corse G.P.C. srl, operating as GPC Sport, was an Italian auto racing team founded by Giampaolo Coppi as part of his GPC Group. The team raced with a close connection to Ferrari in various grand touring championships from 2004 to 2008. Coppi, formerly a sponsor and backer of the JB Racing (later JMB Racing) team through his Giesse corporation, decided to go his own direction in 2004 and launch his own racing team in the FIA GT Championship, later expanding to the Italian GT Championship, European Le Mans Series, and International GT Open.  GPC Sport also represented Maserati in the FIA GT3 European Championship.

European Le Mans Series
The European Le Mans Series (abbreviated as ELMS) is a European sports car racing endurance series inspired by the 24 Hours of Le Mans race organized by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO).  The European Le Mans Series is similar to the former American Le Mans Series (ALMS) based in the United States and Canada that was running with ACO and IMSA between 1999 and 2013.  ELMS team champions and runners-up receive an automatic entry to the following year's 24 Hours of Le Mans.  Originally titled the Le Mans Endurance Series before becoming simply the Le Mans Series in 2006, the series was renamed once more in 2012, reusing a name previously utilized by IMSA in 2001.
KSTAM
The Korean Smart Top-Attack Munition (KSTAM) is a smart munition intended to be launched from the gun of a main battle tank, namely the South Korean K2 Black Panther. Comparable systems include Diehl Corporation's Spear, DRDO SAMHO, CMI Defence and Luch Falarick 120, Israeli Aerospace Industries LAHAT, Nexter Systems Polynege, Alliant Techsystems STAFF and MRM-KE, Raytheon Technologies MRM-CE, and the two final companies' TERM.

There are two variations of KSTAM. KSTAM-I and KSTAM-II. KSTAM-I is modeled after IMI's 105 mm Excalibur top-attack munition, while KSTAM-II is modeled after SMArt 155's Sensor Fuzed Smart Munition (SFSM) developed by Diehl. While the two systems significantly differ from one another, their concept remains the same to defeat enemy armor by attacking their most vulnerable spot, the top.

IMI Systems
IMI Systems, previously Israel Military Industries, also referred to as Ta'as (Hebrew: תע"ש מערכות ,התעשייה הצבאית), was an Israeli weapons manufacturer. The company manufactured weapons, munitions and military technology mainly for the Israeli security forces (especially Israel's army, the Israel Defense Forces or IDF).

On 25 November 2018, Elbit Systems completed the acquisition of IMI Systems and renamed it to Elbit Systems Land.
Blue paper
Blue paper is a blue-dyed rag paper, historically used as a support for drawings and prints. The earliest extant mention of blue paper dates from a 1389 Bolognese statute. The rags were processed into paper in so-called paper mills. Artists were drawing on blue paper by the 15th century.

Rag paper
Rag paper is a category of paper that is made from a pulp of discarded textiles, rope and other fibre products. Rag paper in its various forms was a widely-used paper for most of the past two millennia. Production spread along the Silk Road from its early 2nd-century origin in China to the Islamic world by the 8th century. It was introduced into Christian Europe by the 12th century, and western Europe came to dominate rag production up until the mid-19th century, when rag paper was displaced in favour of far more cost-efficient pulpwood acidic paper.

Rag paper is valued today as a specialty paper for its archival quality and tear resistance compared to wood pulp paper. Modern rag paper is often cotton paper, made from cotton linters, with a usual pH of 6.4 and degree of polymerization of 1481.2.
Richard B. Parkinson
Richard Bruce Parkinson (born 25 May 1963) is a British Egyptologist and academic. He is Professor of Egyptology at the University of Oxford and a fellow of The Queen's College, Oxford. Until December 2013 he was a curator in the Department of Ancient Egypt and Sudan, British Museum.

The Queen's College, Oxford
The Queen's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, England. The college was founded in 1341 by Robert de Eglesfield in honour of Philippa of Hainault, queen of England. It is distinguished by its predominantly neoclassical architecture, primarily dating from the 18th century.

As of 2022, the college had an endowment of £327.8 million making it the fifth-wealthiest Oxford college (after Christ Church, Magdalen, St. John's, and All Souls).
1964 United States presidential election in Michigan
The 1964 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 3, 1964, as part of the 1964 United States presidential election. Voters chose 21 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Michigan was won by incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson (D–Texas), with 66.70% of the popular vote, against Senator Barry Goldwater (R–Arizona), with 33.10% of the popular vote. As of the 2024 presidential election, this is the last election in which Livingston County, Allegan County, Antrim County, Grand Traverse County, Midland County, Ionia County, St. Joseph County, Barry County, Newaygo County, Hillsdale County, Emmet County, and Otsego County voted for the Democratic candidate.

Kent, Berrien, Clinton, Eaton, Jackson, and Leelanau counties would not vote Democratic again until 2008. This is also the best Democratic performance in a presidential election in Michigan to date.

Ionia County, Michigan
Ionia County (/aɪˈoʊnjə/ eye-OH-nyə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 66,804. The county seat is Ionia. The Ionia County Courthouse was designed by Claire Allen, a prominent southern Michigan architect.

Ionia County is part of the Grand Rapids-Kentwood metropolitan statistical area.
Chung Eui-yong
Chung Eui-yong (Korean: 정의용; born April 14, 1946) is a South Korean diplomat and a politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2021 to 2022. Chung was previously President Moon Jae-in's first Director of National Security from 2017 to 2020.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (South Korea)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA; Korean: 외교부) is a government agency of South Korea. It is in charge of the country's foreign relations, as well as handling matters related to overseas Korean nationals. It was established on 17 July 1948.

Its main office is located in the MOFA Building in Jongno District, Seoul. The ministry previously had its headquarters in a facility in Doryeom-dong in Jongno District.
19th Seiyu Awards
The 19th Seiyu Awards was held on March 15, 2025, at the JOQR Media Plus Hall in Minato, Tokyo. The winners of the Merit Awards, the Kei Tomiyama Award, the Kazue Takahashi Award, the Synergy Award, the Kids/Family Award, the Game Award, and the Special Honor Award were announced on February 18, 2025. The rest of the winners were announced on the ceremony day.

Seiyu Awards
The Seiyu Awards (声優アワード, Seiyū Awādo) are award ceremonies for the recognition of voice acting talent for outstanding performance in anime and other media in Japan. The first Seiyu Awards were held on March 3, 2007 at the 3D Theatre of the Tokyo Anime Center in Akihabara.

Ryo Koarai compared the awards to the Academy Awards.
Cabernet Franc
Cabernet Franc is one of the major black grape varieties worldwide. It is principally grown for blending with Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot in the Bordeaux style, but can also be vinified alone, as in the Loire's Chinon. In addition to being used in blends and produced as a varietal in Canada,  Lake Erie AVA in Pennsylvania, and across the United States and Argentina, it is sometimes made into ice wine in those regions.

Cabernet Franc is lighter than Cabernet Sauvignon, making a bright pale red wine that contributes finesse and lends a peppery perfume to blends with more robust grapes.  Depending on the growing region and style of wine, additional aromas can include tobacco, raspberry, bell pepper, cassis, and violets.

Records of Cabernet Franc in Bordeaux go back to the end of the 18th century, although it was planted in Loire long before that time. DNA analysis indicates that Cabernet Franc is one of two parents of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, and Carménère.

Bell pepper
The bell pepper (also known as sweet pepper, paprika, pepper, capsicum /ˈkæpsɪkəm/ or, in some parts of the U.S. Midwest, mango) is the fruit of plants in the Grossum Group of the species Capsicum annuum. Cultivars of the plant produce fruits in different colors, including red, yellow, orange, green, white, and purple. Bell peppers are sometimes grouped with less pungent chili varieties as "sweet peppers". While they are botanically fruits—classified as berries—they are commonly used as a vegetable ingredient or side dish. Other varieties of the genus Capsicum are categorized as chili peppers when they are cultivated for their pungency, including some varieties of Capsicum annuum.

Peppers are native to Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean and northern South America. Pepper seeds were imported to Spain in 1493 and then spread through Europe and Asia.  Preferred growing conditions for bell peppers include warm, moist soil in a temperature range of 21 to 29 °C (70 to 84 °F).
Memoization
In computing, memoization or memoisation is an optimization technique used primarily to speed up computer programs. It works by storing the results of expensive calls to pure functions, so that these results can be returned quickly should the same inputs occur again. It is a type of caching, normally implemented using a hash table, and a typical example of a space–time tradeoff, where the runtime of a program is reduced by increasing its memory usage. Memoization can be implemented in any programming language, though some languages have built-in support that make it easy for the programmer to memoize a function, and others memoize certain functions by default.

Memoization has also been used in other contexts (and for purposes other than speed gains), such as in simple mutually recursive descent parsing. In the context of some logic programming languages, memoization is also known as tabling.

Space–time tradeoff
A space–time trade-off, also known as time–memory trade-off or the algorithmic space-time continuum in computer science is a case where an algorithm or program trades increased space usage with decreased time. Here, space refers to the data storage consumed in performing a given task (RAM, HDD, etc.), and time refers to the time consumed in performing a given task (computation time or response time).

The utility of a given space–time tradeoff is affected by related fixed and variable costs (of, e.g., CPU speed, storage space), and is subject to diminishing returns.
Ivo Rodrigues (footballer)
Ivo Tiago dos Santos Rodrigues (born 30 March 1995) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a winger or attacking midfielder for Ekstraklasa club Motor Lublin.

Developed at Porto where he made a single Taça da Liga appearance, he played in the Primeira Liga for Vitória de Guimarães, Arouca (twice), Paços de Ferreira, Famalicão and Moreirense. He also represented Antwerp, winning the Belgian Cup in 2020.

Rodrigues was a youth international for Portugal.

F.C. Arouca
Futebol Clube de Arouca (pronounced [ɐˈɾokɐ]) is a professional football club based in the Porto metropolitan area. Founded in 1951, the club plays in the Primeira Liga, holding home games at Estádio Municipal de Arouca, with a 5,600-seat capacity.
Guenter B. Risse
Guenter Bernhard Risse (April 28, 1932 – February 15, 2026) was an American medical historian. He wrote numerous books, including "Driven by Fear: Epidemics and Isolation in San Francisco's House of Pestilence." The American Association for the History of Medicine awarded him the 1988 William H. Welch Medal for his book Hospital Life in Enlightenment Scotland and its Lifetime Achievement Award in 2005. He was Professor Emeritus, Department of Anthropology, History and Social Medicine, at the University of California, San Francisco, and later Affiliate Professor of Bioethics and Humanities at the University of Washington in Seattle.

American Association for the History of Medicine
The American Association for the History of Medicine is an American professional association dedicated to the study of medical history. The AAHM is the largest society dedicated to medical history in the United States, and the oldest such organization in North America.
Karel Postl
Karel Postl (German: Karl Postl; 9 November 1769 – 15 March 1818) was a Czech painter. He had a career in Prague during the early 19th century. An instructor at the Prague Academy, he also served as a scene painter for the Estates Theatre.  Most of his work was in the field of graphic design, but a few paintings by his hand exist; some are in the collection of the National Gallery in Prague. Antonín Mánes was his main pupil.

Academy of Fine Arts in Prague
The Academy of Fine Arts in Prague (Czech: Akademie výtvarných umění v Praze; AVU) is an art college in Prague, Czech Republic. Founded in 1799, it is the oldest art college in the country. The school offers twelve master's degree programs and one doctoral program.
Chakan, Pune
Chakan (Pronunciation: [t͡saːkəɳ]) is a city and municipal council in Pune district of the Indian state of Maharashtra. The Chakan is also part of Pune Metropolitan Region Development Authority. Chakan is one of the largest automobile and manufacturing hub of India. Being developed as a hub for manufacturing and logistics by MIDC, Chakan is home to some of the biggest names in automobile manufacturing: Volkswagen, Bajaj Auto, Mercedes Benz Hyundai, and more. Chakan is often referred to as the "Automobile Hub of India". The Independent referred Chakan as India's "Motor City". The city is about 30 km from the city of Pune and 140 km from Mumbai.

Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation
Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) is a project of the government of Maharashtra state in India and is the leading corporation of Maharashtra. It provides businesses with infrastructure such as land (open plot or built-up spaces), roads, water supply, drainage facilities and street lights. Vipin Sharma, IAS, is the CEO of MIDC Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation.
Halieutopsis oblonga
Halieutopsis oblonga, the oblong deep-sea batfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Ogcocephalidae, the deep sea batfishes. This species is found in the Western Pacific Ocean.

Ogcocephalidae
Ogcocephalidae is a family of anglerfish specifically adapted for a benthic lifestyle of crawling about on the seafloor. Ogcocephalid anglerfish are sometimes referred to as batfishes, deep-sea batfishes, handfishes, and seabats. They are found in tropical and subtropical oceans worldwide. They are mostly found at depths between 200 and 3,000 m (660 and 9,840 ft), but have been recorded as deep as 4,000 m (13,000 ft). A few species live in much shallower coastal waters and, exceptionally, may enter river estuaries.
Lucius D. Clay Jr.
General Lucius DuBignon Clay Jr. (July 6, 1919 – February 7, 1994) was a United States military leader who held the positions of commander-in-chief of the North American Air Defense Command, the Continental Air Defense Command, the United States element of NORAD, and was also a commander of the United States Air Force's Aerospace Defense Command. His father, Lucius D. Clay Sr. and his brother, Frank Butner Clay, were also both generals, and his grandfather was Senator Alexander Stephens Clay of Georgia.

NORAD
The North American Aerospace Defense Command (commonly abbreviated to NORAD /ˈnɔːræd/ NΟR-ad; French: Commandement de la défense aérospatiale de l'Amérique du Nord; CDAAN) is a bi-national mutual defense organization in Canada and the United States. Established 12 September 1957 as the North American Air Defense Command, NORAD is headquartered at Peterson Space Force Base in Colorado, which also serves as the headquarters of United States Northern Command (USNORTHCOM).

During World War II, Canada contacted the United States for protection from Nazi aggression. Later, during the beginning of the Cold War, the U.S. and Canada formed a permanent military alliance.

NORAD has three regions: the Alaskan region, the Canadian region, and the American Continental region. The administrative offices are located in New Mexico and Arizona. NORAD has an alternate command center called Cheyenne Mountain Complex in Colorado. NORAD has a total of 1,000 soldiers, personnel and military dependents.
Ghostbusters: Rise of the Ghost Lord
Ghostbusters: Rise of the Ghost Lord is a 2023 virtual reality video game based on the Ghostbusters franchise developed by nDreams and published by Sony Pictures Virtual Reality for the Meta Quest 2, Meta Quest 3, Meta Quest Pro and the PlayStation VR2.

Ghostbusters (franchise)
The Ghostbusters franchise consists of American supernatural comedies, based on an original concept created by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis in 1984. The premise follows a group of eccentric New York City parapsychologists who investigate and eliminate ghosts, paranormal manifestations, demigods, and demons. The franchise has expanded with licensed action figures, books, comics, video games, television series, theme park attractions, and other branded merchandise. Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Ernie Hudson and Annie Potts are the only actors to have appeared in all five films in the Ghostbusters franchise.
Caltra GAA
Caltra (Irish: Cealltrach) is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Caltra, County Galway, Ireland. The club is a member of the Galway GAA and is primarily a Gaelic football club.

Between 2003 and 2004, it secured the Galway, Connacht and All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship titles for the first time in its history.

Galway Senior Football Championship
The Galway Senior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic Athletic Association competition between the top Gaelic football clubs in Galway. The winners of the Galway Championship qualify to represent their county in the Connacht Senior Club Football Championship, the winners of which go on to the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship. The winning team is presented with the Frank Fox Cup.

Tuam Stars are the most successful with 25 wins. St. Grellan's, Ballinasloe hold the record for most consecutive championships, winning 8 from 1922 to 1929.

2018 saw the competition take on a new format, with group stages consisting of 4 groups of 5 teams.