hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jung Jong-yeon
Jung Jong-yeon (Korean: 정종연; born October 6, 1976) is a South Korean television producer and director. Jeong is best known for producing and directing the popular reality shows The Genius, Society Game and The Great Escape. He also directed on Korea's Got Talent.

He worked at CJ E&M (parent company of tvN, TVING) from 2011 to 2022, and in 2022 he left CJ E&M and moved to TEO, founded by fellow director Kim Tae-Ho.

Great Escape (South Korean TV series)
Great Escape (Korean: 대탈출; RR: Daetalchul) is a South Korean comedy reality show that premiered on tvN on 1 July 2018. The show features large-scale themed escape rooms, with a team of celebrities finding clues and solving puzzles in order to successfully escape.

The show ran for 4 seasons, featuring the same cast and airing every Sunday at 10:40pm (KST).

Season 1: 1 July to 23 September 2018

Season 2: 17 March to 9 June 2019

Season 3: 1 March to 14 June 2020

Season 4: 11 July to 3 October 2021

The show's slogan is "나가야산다", literally meaning 'escape to survive'.
Lucillianus (magister equitum)
Lucillianus (fl. 350–363 AD) was a high-ranking Roman army officer and father-in-law of the emperor Jovian. He fought with success in the war against Persia, and played a part in the execution of the emperor Constantius II's cousin, Gallus. In 361, Lucillianus was kidnapped by the emperor Julian and forced into retirement. He was recalled to service after the accession of his son-in-law Jovian in 363, and given a senior military command, only to be murdered that same year by mutinous troops in Gaul.

Constantius Gallus
Flavius Claudius Constantius Gallus (326 – 354) was a statesman and ruler in the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire from 351 to 354, as Caesar under emperor Constantius II (r. 337–61), his cousin. A grandson of emperor Constantius Chlorus  (r. 293–306) and empress Flavia Maximiana Theodora, and a son of Julius Constantius and Galla, he belonged to the Constantinian dynasty. Born during the reign of his uncle Constantine the Great (r. 306–37), he was among the few male members of the imperial family to survive the purge that followed Constantine's death. Under Constantius II, Gallus served as deputy emperor, based in Antioch and married to Constantius' sister Constantina. He dealt with a Jewish revolt in the years 351-352. Gallus ultimately fell out of favor with Constantius and was executed, being replaced as Caesar by his younger half-brother Julian.
Hamley Bridge railway station
Hamley Bridge railway station, now closed, is located in the town of Hamley Bridge at the junction of the Roseworthy-Peterborough railway line and the Hamley Bridge-Gladstone railway line in South Australia.

Roseworthy–Peterborough railway line
The Roseworthy–Peterborough railway line is a closed railway line in South Australia. It was first opened from a junction at Roseworthy on the Morgan railway line through Hamley Bridge, Riverton, initially to Tarlee, then extended in stages to Peterborough. The line was closed in sections in the 1980s with the final section from Gawler to Roseworthy being used in 2007.
Kanthi mala
A kanthi mala, or simply kanthi (Sanskrit: कण्ठी, kaṇṭhī, lit. "necklace"), is a necklace made of beads from the tulasi (basil) plant, threaded on a string worn, and worn by some adherents of Hinduism.

Ocimum tenuiflorum
Ocimum tenuiflorum, commonly known as tulasi, tulsi, or holy basil, is an aromatic perennial plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is widely cultivated throughout the Southeast Asian tropics. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Australia and the western Pacific. This plant has  escaped from cultivation and has naturalized in many tropical regions of the Americas. It is an agricultural and environmental weed.

Tulasi is cultivated for religious and traditional medicine purposes, and also for its essential oil. It is widely used as an herbal tea, commonly used in Ayurveda. It has a place within the Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism, in which devotees perform worship involving the plant or its leaves.
Shanta Gandhi
Shanta Kalidas Gandhi (20 December 1917 – 6 May 2002) was an Indian theatre director, dancer and playwright who was closely associated with IPTA, the cultural wing of the Communist Party of India. She studied with Indira Gandhi at a residential school in the early 1930s, and remained close to the prime minister in later life. She received many government awards and sinecures under the Indira Gandhi administration, including the Padma Shri (1984) and being made chairperson of the National School of Drama (1982–84).

She was the sister of actress Dina Pathak (née Gandhi) and Tarla Gandhi, also a stage performer.

Indian People's Theatre Association
Indian People's Theatre Association (IPTA) is the oldest association of theatre-artists in India. IPTA was formed in 1943 during the British rule in India, and promoted themes related to the Indian freedom struggle. Its goal was to bring cultural awakening among the people of India.
Shared services center
A shared services center – a center for shared services in an organization – is the entity responsible for the execution and the handling of specific operational tasks, such as accounting, human resources, payroll, IT, legal, compliance, purchasing, security. The shared services center is often a spin-off of the corporate services to separate all operational types of tasks from the corporate headquarters, which has to focus on a leadership and corporate governance type of role. As shared services centers are often cost centers, they are quite cost-sensitive also in terms of their headcount, labour costs and location selection criteria.

Human resources
Human resources (HR) is the set of people who make up the workforce of an organization, business sector, industry, or economy. A narrower concept is human capital, the knowledge and skills which the individuals command.
Enga Mioks
Enga Mioks (established 1992) is a semi-professional rugby league team based in Enga Province, Papua New Guinea. The team competes in the Papua New Guinea National Rugby League competition. They play at Johnson Siki Aipus Oval, Wabag located at 3 km outside the provincial capital Wabag.

Papua New Guinea National Rugby League
The Papua New Guinea National Rugby League Competition (or the PNGNRL for short, for sponsorship reasons the PNGNRL Digicel-ExxonMobil Cup) is a semi-professional rugby league competition held annually in Papua New Guinea. Changes in sponsorship have meant it was Formerly known as the SP Inter-City Cup or SP Cup (1990–2008) and later the Bemobile Cup (2009–2010). The current competition is sponsored by pacific telecommunications giant Digicel and new co-naming rights sponsor ExxonMobil (one of the world's largest publicly traded oil and gas companies) which joined in 2023 and so it is currently called the Digicel-ExxonMobil Cup.
Alexander Ogomudia
Alexander Odeareduo Ogomudia CFR DSS fwc psc(+) MSc FNSE (born 29 December 1949) is a retired Nigerian army general who served as Chief of Defence Staff of Nigeria from 2003 to 2006 and Chief of Army Staff from 2001 to 2003.

Chief of Defence Staff (Nigeria)
The chief of defence staff (CDS) is the head of the Nigerian Armed Forces and the most senior uniformed military adviser to the minister of defence and the president of Nigeria. The chief of the defence staff is based at the Defence Headquarters, Abuja and works alongside the permanent secretary of defence.

It is occupied by the most senior commissioned officer appointed by the president of Nigeria. The position was established for the first time under Nigeria's 1979 constitution.

The current chief of defence staff is General Olufemi Oluyede, who succeeded General Christopher Musa in October 2025
Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament
The Intelligence and Security Committee of Parliament (ISC) is a statutory joint committee of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, appointed to oversee the work of the UK intelligence community.

The committee was established in 1994 by the Intelligence Services Act 1994, and its powers were reinforced by the Justice and Security Act 2013.

Justice and Security Act 2013
The Justice and Security Act 2013 (c. 18) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, firstly to provide for oversight of the Security Service (MI5), the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), and other parts of the UK intelligence community, on intelligence or security matters; secondly to provide for the establishment of closed material procedures (CMP) in relation to certain civil proceedings; and thirdly to prevent the making of court orders for the disclosure of what the government deems to be sensitive information.

The Bill was published as a Justice and Security Green Paper on 3 October 2011. It was presented to Parliament on 28 November 2012. It completed its House of Lords Committee stage on 7 February 2013. It had its second reading debate on 18 December 2012, and its third reading and report stage on 7 March 2013.
Prakashpur
Prakashpur is a small town in Sunsari District in the Koshi Zone in southeastern Nepal.It lies in ward no.10 of Barahakshetra municipality.It is near the Indo-Nepal border.It is famous for its beautiful and peaceful environment. Most of the people come here to visit Koshi river which is one of the longest river in Nepal. It is also famous for its diversity in culture.

At the time of the 1991 Nepal census, Prakashpur had a population of 11,110 people living in 1987 households, primarily employed in agriculture.

Kosi Zone
Kosi or Koshi (Nepali: कोसी अञ्चल, Nepali: कोशी अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. The headquarters of Kosi Zone was Biratnagar which was also its largest city. Other cities of Kosi Zone were Inaruwa, Dharan, Dhankuta, Jhumka, Duhabi, Tarahara and Itahari. Its main rivers were Arun, Tamor and Sapta Koshi.
Taylor G. Brown
Taylor Groves Brown (February 28, 1890 – July 18, 1957) was an American farmer, educator, and Republican politician from Oshkosh, Wisconsin.  He was the 41st mayor of Oshkosh and served three terms in the Wisconsin Senate, representing the 19th Senate district from 1939 to 1951.

Wisconsin's 19th Senate district
The 19th Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in central Wisconsin, the district comprises all of Waushara County, most of Winnebago County, western Outagamie County, southern Waupaca County, and part of eastern Adams County and southeast Portage County.  The district also contains Lake Poygan and Hartman Creek State Park.
Jock Mahoney
Jacques Joseph O'Mahoney (February 7, 1919 – December 14, 1989), known professionally as Jock Mahoney, was an American actor and stuntman. He starred in two action/adventure television series, The Range Rider and Yancy Derringer. He played Tarzan in two feature films and was associated in various capacities with several other Tarzan productions. He was credited variously as Jacques O'Mahoney, Jock O'Mahoney, Jack Mahoney, and finally Jock Mahoney.

Tarzan
Tarzan (John Clayton, Viscount Greystoke) is a fictional character, a feral child raised in the Congo Basin by the Mangani great apes; he later experiences civilization, only to reject it and return to the wild as a heroic adventurer.

Created by Edgar Rice Burroughs, Tarzan first appeared in the novel Tarzan of the Apes (magazine publication 1912, book publication 1914), and subsequently in 23 sequels, several books by Burroughs and other authors, and innumerable works in other media, both authorized and unauthorized.
Tonto Apache
The Tonto Apache (Western Apache: Dilzhę́’é, Dilzhe'e, and Dilzhe’eh Apache) is a band of Western Apache people in Arizona.

The term "Tonto" is also used for their dialect, one of the three dialects of the Western Apache language, a member of Southern Athabaskan language family.

Today, Tonto Apache people are enrolled in several federally recognized tribes in Arizona. These include:

Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation

San Carlos Apache Tribe of the San Carlos Reservation

Tonto Apache Tribe of Arizona

White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Reservation

Yavapai-Apache Nation of the Camp Verde Indian Reservation.

Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation
The Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation (Yavapai: A'ba:ja) is a federally recognized tribe of Yavapai people. The tribe governs an Indian reservation in Maricopa County, Arizona about 23 miles (37 km) northeast of Phoenix.

They have 950 enrolled citizens, with about 600 living on the reservation. The tribe was formerly named the Fort McDowell Mohave-Apache Community of the Fort McDowell Indian Reservation.
Kanji Swami
Kanji Swami (1890–1980) was a teacher of Jainism who founded the Kanji Swami Pantha. While ordained in the Sthānakavāsī monastic order of the Shvetambaras, he was deeply influenced by the Samayasāra, attributed to Kundakunda but probably written in stages by multiple authors between 550 and 600 CE to 950-1150 CE, and by Shrimad Rajchandra, and lectured on these teachings for 45 years to comprehensively elaborate on the philosophy described by Kundakunda and others. He was given the title of "Koh-i-Noor of Kathiawar" by the people who were influenced by his religious teachings and philosophy.

Sthānakavāsī
Sthānakavāsī is a sect of Śvetāmbara Jainism which was created in the medieval era as a result of a misinterpretation of the Śvetāmbara canon. The Sthanakvasi, whose name refers to the sect’s preference for performing religious duties at a secular place such as a monks’ meeting house (sthanak) rather than at a temple, is different from the Murtipujaka sect in that it rejects idolatry. It believes that idol worship is not essential in the path of soul purification and attainment of Nirvana/Moksha. Sthānakavāsī accept thirty-two of the Jain Agamas, the Śvetāmbara canon, contending that the scriptures make no mention of idol worship and temples. However, since the original texts of the ancient Ardhamagadhi canon contain numerous references to idolatry in the past, they have, over time, also modified the 32 texts they accept, to establish their view.
Siege of Corinth order of battle: Confederate
The following units and commanders of the Confederate Army fought at the Siege of Corinth (29 Apr-30 May 1862) of the American Civil War. The Union order of battle is shown separately. Order of battle compiled from the Official Records of the American Civil War as they appeared on June 30, 1862.

Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
The Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies in the War of the Rebellion, commonly known as the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies or Official Records (OR or ORs), is the most extensive collection of American Civil War land warfare records available to the general public. It includes selected first-hand accounts, orders, reports, maps, diagrams, and correspondence drawn from official records of both Union and Confederate armies.
Vladimir Radmanović
Vladimir Radmanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Радмановић; born 19 November 1980) is a Serbian former professional basketball player.

In Serbia he played for Crvena zvezda and FMP and in the National Basketball Association (NBA) he was a member of the Seattle SuperSonics, Los Angeles Clippers, Los Angeles Lakers, Charlotte Bobcats, Golden State Warriors, Atlanta Hawks and Chicago Bulls.

Radmanović also represented his national team most notably at the 2002 FIBA World Championship.

KK FMP (1991–2011)
Košarkaški klub FMP (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб ФMП), commonly referred to as KK FMP, was a men's professional basketball club based in Belgrade, Serbia. The club played its home games at the 3,000 capacity Železnik Hall and have won the regional ABA League twice, in the 2003–04 and 2005–06 seasons.

In 2011, the club started cooperating with KK Crvena zvezda and competed under their name until 2015. In 2015, the club disbanded its senior team and changed the name to KK ILR Železnik. In 2013, Radnički FMP (formerly Radnički Novi Sad) adopted the name and the FMP logo, and renamed itself to KK FMP. However, not only according to the club's official website, but also according to the official website of the Adriatic League, this club still competes in the Adriatic League.
Carex siderosticta
Carex siderosticta is a species of sedge native to East Asia. It is the only species of Carex known to produce "pseudo-lateral" culms, which appear to be lateral, but derive from the apical meristem. It is the type species of Carex subg. Siderosticta.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
The Valley of Fear
The Valley of Fear is the fourth and final Sherlock Holmes novel by British writer Arthur Conan Doyle. It is loosely based on the Molly Maguires and Pinkerton agent James McParland. The story was first published in the Strand Magazine between September 1914 and May 1915. The first book edition was copyrighted in 1914, and it was first published by George H. Doran Company in New York on 27 February 1915, and illustrated by Arthur I. Keller.

The Strand Magazine
The Strand Magazine was a monthly British magazine founded by George Newnes, composed of short fiction and general interest articles. It was published in the United Kingdom from January 1891 to March 1950, running to 711 issues, though the first issue was on sale well before Christmas 1890.
Its immediate popularity is evidenced by an initial sale of nearly 300,000. Sales increased in the early months, before settling down to a circulation of almost 500,000 copies a month, which lasted well into the 1930s.

It was edited by Herbert Greenhough Smith from 1891 to 1930. The popularity of Sherlock Holmes became widespread after first appearing in the magazine in 1891. The magazine's original offices were on Burleigh Street off The Strand, London. It was revived in 1998 as a quarterly magazine.
Augmented sixth chord
In music theory, an augmented sixth chord contains the interval of an augmented sixth, usually above its bass tone. This chord has its origins in the Renaissance, was further developed in the Baroque, and became a distinctive part of the musical style of the Classical and Romantic periods.

Conventionally used with a predominant function (resolving to the dominant), the three most common types of augmented sixth chords are usually called the Italian sixth, the French sixth, and the German sixth.

Resolution (music)
Resolution in Western tonal music theory is the move of a note or chord from dissonance (an unstable sound) to a consonance (a more final or stable sounding one).

Dissonance, resolution, and suspense can be used to create musical interest. Where a melody or chordal pattern is expected to resolve to a certain note or chord, a different but similarly suitable note can be resolved to instead, creating an interesting and unexpected sound. For example, the deceptive cadence.
Russell George (Welsh politician)
Russell Ian George (born 27 April 1974) is a Welsh politician who has been the Member of the Senedd (MS) for Montgomeryshire since the 2011 election. He formerly sat as a member of the Welsh Conservative Party, but now sits as an independent, after being suspended from the Conservative party in April 2025 pending trial for serious gambling offences.

Welsh Conservatives
The Welsh Conservative Party (Welsh: Plaid Ceidwadwyr Cymreig), commonly the Welsh Conservatives (Welsh: Ceidwadwyr Cymreig), is the branch of the United Kingdom Conservative Party that operates in Wales. At Westminster elections and as of 1999, it was the second-most popular political party in Wales by vote share, having obtained the second-largest share of the vote at every general election since 1931. In Senedd elections, the Conservatives are currently the second-most supported party but have at times been third. Presently, they hold 13 of the 60 seats in the Senedd and none of the 32 Welsh seats in the House of Commons.
Skolkovo Innovation Center
The Skolkovo Innovation Center is a high technology business area at Mozhaysky District in Moscow, Russia.

As corporations and individuals register their residency in the city,  they can receive financial assistance to realize their proposed projects and ideas.
Skolkovo was first announced on 12 November 2009 by then Russian President Dmitry Medvedev. The complex is headed by Viktor Vekselberg.

Viktor Vekselberg
Viktor Felixovich Vekselberg (born April 14, 1957) is a Russian-Israeli businessman and oligarch. He is the founder and chairman of Renova Group, a Russian conglomerate. According to Forbes, as of November 2021, his fortune is estimated at $9.3 billion, making him the 262nd richest person in the world. Born in Ukraine, he has Russian, Israeli and Cypriot citizenship.
Killer yeast
A killer yeast is a yeast, such as certain strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, that is able to secrete one of a number of toxic proteins lethal to susceptible cells of their own or similar species. The "killer toxins" are polypeptides that often function by creating pores in the cell membranes of the target. The yeast cells that produce the protein are intrinsically immune to its effects. Killer yeast strains can be a problem in commercial processing because they can kill desirable strains. The killer yeast system was first described in 1963. Study of the killer toxins helped to better understand the secretion pathway of yeast, which is similar to those of more complex eukaryotes. It also can be used in treatment of some diseases, mainly those caused by fungi.

Secretion
Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. In contrast, excretion is the removal of certain substances or waste products from a cell or organism. The classical mechanism of cell secretion is via secretory portals at the plasma membrane called porosomes. Porosomes are permanent cup-shaped lipoprotein structures embedded in the cell membrane, where secretory vesicles transiently dock and fuse to release intra-vesicular contents from the cell.

Secretion in bacterial species means the transport or translocation of effector molecules. For example, proteins, enzymes or toxins (such as cholera toxin in pathogenic bacteria e.g. Vibrio cholerae) move from across the interior (cytoplasm or cytosol) of a bacterial cell to its exterior. Secretion is a very important mechanism in bacterial functioning and operation in their natural surrounding environment for adaptation and survival.