hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Biraj Thapa Magar
Kaji Biraj Thapa Magar ( काजी बिराज थापा मगर )  (died 1721) played an important role in the Gorkha Kingdom. His leadership, prudence and courage all exhibit that he was one of the important Royal courtier Gorkha/Gorkhali Bhardars (गोरखाली भारदार) that helped Narbaupal Shah become King of Gorkha. He may also be seen as a King Maker in the modern day term. According to different genealogies, he had taken Narabhupal Shah and his mother Malikavati in custody for three months. The Queen Mother and her son were secretly protected at his residence. After the death of his grandfather, Narabhupal Shah became the King of Gorkha in 1716 and died in 1743. His son, King Prithvi Narayan Shah, succeeding him began unification of small principalities to found modern Nepal.

Gorkha kingdom
The Gorkha Kingdom, also known as the Gorkha Confederation or the Gorkha Empire, was one of the Chaubisi states, situated at the junction of the Himalayas and the Indian subcontinent. In 1743, the kingdom began a campaign of military expansion, annexing several neighbors and laying the foundations of present-day Nepal.

Following the disintegration of the Magarat confederation—formerly ruled by the Magar—the region fragmented into the Baise Rajya (22 principalities) in the far west and the Chaubisi Rajya (24 principalities) in central Nepal.

The Gorkha Kingdom extended to the Marshyangdi River in the west, forming its border with the Kingdom of Lamjung. To the east, the kingdom extended to the Trishuli River, forming its border with the Nepal Mandala. The Gorkha kingdom was established in 1559 CE by Prince Dravya Shah, the second son of King Yasho Brahma Shah of Lamjung. Dravya Shah replaced the Magar King Mansingh Khadka Magar  who previously ruled the region.
Tigranes (legendary)
Tigranes (Armenian: Տիգրան) was a legendary Armenian prince, who was a contemporary of the Achaemenid ruler Cyrus the Great (r. 550–530 BC).

He appears in both the Cyropaedia of the Greek soldier and historian Xenophon (died 354 BC) and the History of Armenia of the 5th-century Armenian historian Movses Khorenatsi (died 490s AD). In the former, he is based on the Persian hyparch Tigranes, while in the latter he was further altered, becoming an Armenian hero, who was the embodiment of the Armenian king Tigranes the Great (r. 95–55 BC) and the Iranian hero Fereydun.

Satrap
A satrap (/ˈsætrəp/) was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires. A satrapy is the territory governed by a satrap.

A satrap served as a viceroy to the king, though with considerable autonomy. The word came to suggest tyranny or ostentatious splendour, and its modern usage is a pejorative and refers to any subordinate or local ruler, usually with unfavourable connotations of corruption.
Giacinto Morera
Giacinto Morera (18 July 1856 – 8 February 1909) was an Italian engineer and mathematician. He is known for Morera's theorem in the theory of functions of a complex variable and for his work in the theory of linear elasticity.

Carlo Somigliana
Carlo Somigliana (20 September 1860 – 20 June 1955) was an Italian mathematician and a classical mathematical physicist, faithful member of the school of Enrico Betti and Eugenio Beltrami. He made important contributions to linear elasticity: the Somigliana integral equation, analogous to Green's formula in potential theory, and the Somigliana dislocations are named after him. Other fields he contribute to include seismic wave propagation, gravimetry and glaciology. One of his ancestors through his mother was Alessandro Volta.
Forsterite
Forsterite (Mg2SiO4; commonly abbreviated as Fo; also known as white olivine) is the magnesium-rich end-member of the olivine solid solution series. It is isomorphous with the iron-rich end-member, fayalite. Forsterite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system (space group Pbnm) with cell parameters a 4.75 Å (0.475 nm), b 10.20 Å (1.020 nm) and c 5.98 Å (0.598 nm).

Forsterite is associated with igneous and metamorphic rocks and has also been found in meteorites. In 2005 it was also found in cometary dust returned by the Stardust probe. In 2011 it was observed as tiny crystals in the dusty clouds of gas around a forming star.

Two polymorphs of forsterite are known: wadsleyite (also orthorhombic) and ringwoodite (isometric, cubic crystal system). Both are mainly known from meteorites.

Peridot is the gemstone variety of forsterite olivine.

Igneous rock
Igneous rock (igneous from Latin  igneus 'fiery'), or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.

The magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in a terrestrial planet's mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition. Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks. Igneous rock may form with crystallization to form granular, crystalline rocks, or without crystallization to form natural glasses.

Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of geological settings: shields, platforms, orogens, basins, large igneous provinces, extended crust and oceanic crust.
Limketkai Center
Limketkai Center (Chinese: 林市場偕中心, or 林克凱中心; pinyin: Lín Kèkǎi Zhōngxīn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lîm Khiat-khái Tiong-sim) is a shopping mall in Cagayan de Oro, Philippines. Known by the locals as Ketkai, it is owned and developed by Limketkai and Sons, Inc., the largest factory and business district developer in the city.

Located in the city's central business district, particularly within the mixed-use 40 hectare Limketkai Center in Lapasan, the sprawling, two-storey mall has over 500 tenants, offering stores, boutique shops, fast-food chains and restaurants. It also offers facilities including four movie theatres, food courts, entertainment and day-care centers, spas and clinics.

The first Robinsons Mall in the city, Robinsons Cagayan de Oro, is also located inside the mall complex. Limketkai Center also has a Mass every Sunday at the Our Lady of Manaoag Church.

Robinsons Malls
Robinsons Malls is one of the largest shopping malls and retail operators in the Philippines. It was incorporated on September 9, 1997, by entrepreneur John Gokongwei Jr. to develop, conduct, operate and maintain the Robinsons commercial shopping centers and all related businesses, such as the lease of commercial spaces within the compounds of shopping centers.

Robinsons Malls also has its branches in China under the Robinsons Galleria name.

In March 2023, John Gokongwei Jr.'s son Lance took over the leadership of Robinsons Malls.
Lauterbach (Hess) Nord station
Lauterbach (Hess) Nord station is a through station on the Vogelsberg Railway (Vogelsbergbahn) from Gießen to Fulda in the German state of Hesse. Until the closure of the Oberwald Railway (Oberwaldbahn) to Glauburg-Stockheim it was a rail junction.

Gießen station
Gießen railway station (German: Bahnhof Gießen) is the main railway station in Gießen, Hesse, Germany. The station is a Category 2 station is used by 20,000 passengers daily. The station was opened on 25 August 1850 and is located on the Main-Weser Railway (Kassel – Frankfurt (Main)) and Dill railway (Siegen – Gießen). The current station reception building was built between 1904 and 1911. The main original station building is a historic landmark and has been protected. Outside the station is a bus station and a taxi rank . Parking garages are located nearby.
Jacob R. Van Rensselaer
Jacob Rutsen Van Rensselaer (September 27, 1767 – September 22, 1835) was an American lawyer and Federalist politician who served as Speaker of the New York State Assembly from 1812 to 1813, and Secretary of State of New York, from 1813 to 1815.

Secretary of State of New York
The secretary of state of New York is a cabinet officer in the government of the U.S. state of New York who leads the Department of State (NYSDOS).

The current secretary of state of New York is Walter T. Mosley, a Democrat.
153rd Mixed Brigade
The 153rd Mixed Brigade was a unit of the Spanish Civil War that took part in the Spanish Civil War. Formed around the old Land and Freedom Column, the unit took part in the battles of Belchite, Aragon and Segre.

Battle of Belchite (1937)
The Battle of Belchite refers to a series of military operations that took place between 24 August and 7 September 1937, in and around the town of Belchite (almost 4,000 inhabitants in 1936, decreasing to around 2,600 during the battle, from the repression and displacement of the first year), in Aragon during the Spanish Civil War, as part of a much bigger offensive to take Zaragoza, that continued until the beginning of November 1937.

Since the Offensive of Zaragoza failed, the Republicans started calling it Battle of Belchite for propaganda reasons instead, so that it would look like a victory, the journalists that came to report the victory, including Ernest Hemingway, contributed to this change of names. The Nationalists continued the confusion, since they exploited the "Numantine" defense of the town for propaganda too, to counteract the bad image of the bombing of Guernica.
Epidemiology of schizophrenia
Schizophrenia affects around 0.3–0.7% of the general population at some point in life (i.e. lifetime prevalence), or 21 million people worldwide as of 2020 (about one of every 285). By using precise methods in its diagnosis and a large, representative population, schizophrenia seems to occur with relative consistency over time during the last half-century.

While it is claimed that schizophrenia occurs at similar rates worldwide, its prevalence and incidence varies across the world, within countries, and at the local and neighborhood level. It causes approximately 1% of worldwide disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The rate of schizophrenia varies up to threefold depending on how it is defined.

Disability-adjusted life year
A disability-adjusted life year (DALY) is a measure of overall disease burden, representing a year lost due to ill-health, disability, or early death. It was developed in the 1990s as a way of comparing the overall health and life expectancy of different countries.

The concept has become more common in the field of public health and health impact assessment (HIA). It combines both potential years of life lost due to premature death (mortality) and to poor health or disability (morbidity) into a single metric.
Pseudolepraria
Pseudolepraria is a fungal genus in the family Ramalinaceae. It comprises the single species Pseudolepraria stephaniana, a corticolous (bark-dwelling) leprose lichen found only in lowland tropical forests of Bolivia. First described as Lepraria stephaniana in 2010, the species was reclassified into its own genus in 2023 after molecular studies revealed its distinct phylogenetic position. The lichen is characterised by its thick, powdery, green-grey to creamy-white thallus lacking defined edges, and is notable for containing the rare compound 4-O-methylleprolomin. Unlike related Bolivian Lepraria species that occur at higher elevations, P. stephaniana is found only at altitudes between 300 and 470 metres above sea level in transitional zones between Chaco and Amazon rainforest types.

Ecotone
An ecotone is a transitional area between two plant communities, where these meet and integrate. Examples include areas between grassland and forest, estuary and lagoon, and freshwater and sea water. An ecotone may be narrow or wide, and it may be local (the zone between a field and forest) or regional (the transition between forest and grassland ecosystems). An ecotone may appear on the ground as a gradual blending of the two communities across a broad area, or it may manifest itself as a sharp boundary line.
Diallo Riddle
Diallo Riddle (born May 6, 1977) is an American writer, producer, actor, showrunner, and DJ. Riddle is best known for his co-starring role as Stevie in the NBC sitcom Marlon, and has been the co-creator of several different television series. He won an NAACP Image Award for his directing on South Side.

NAACP Image Awards
The NAACP Image Awards is an annual awards ceremony presented by the American-based National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to honor outstanding performances in film, television, theatre, music, and literature. Over 40 categories of the Image Awards are voted on by the NAACP members. Honorary awards (similar to the Academy Honorary Award) have also been included, such as the President's Award, the Chairman's Award, the Entertainer of the Year, the Activist of the Year, and the Hall of Fame Award. Beyoncé is the most awarded individual with 25 wins as a solo artist.
Koh Sok Hiong
Koh Sok Hiong (simplified Chinese: 许淑香; traditional Chinese: 許淑香; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khó͘ Siok-hiong; pinyin: Xǔ Shūxiāng; 5 July 1916 – 7 July 2018), also known as Mrs Wee Kim Wee, was a Singaporean philanthropist and chef who was the First Lady of Singapore when her husband, Wee Kim Wee, served as president from 1985 to 1993. Born in Singapore during colonial rule, Koh studied at Nanyang Girls' High School before marrying Wee in 1936. During Wee's career as a diplomat, she helped host formal dinner parties for him, including cooking food for the dinners.

Koh usually cooked Peranakan cuisine, releasing a book in 2005 compiling of all of her recipes. During her time as First Lady, she performed philanthropic work for multiple charities and was also noted for her fashion, particularly that for wearing cheongsams, a Chinese dress. In later years, she suffered a stroke and used a wheelchair. Koh died on 7 July 2018.

Spouse of the president of Singapore
The spouse of the president of Singapore, sometimes referred to as the first lady or first gentleman, is a title typically held by the wife or husband of the president of Singapore, concurrent with the president's term in office. A courtesy term not enshrined in the Constitution, the spouse's role has never been codified or officially defined, but nevertheless figures prominently in the political and social life of Singapore.

By tradition, an official portrait of the spouse of the president of Singapore is prominently displayed in government buildings and public institutions alongside the portrait of the president. Jane Yumiko Ittogi is currently the spouse of the ninth President of Singapore, after her husband Tharman Shanmugaratnam won the 2023 presidential election with 70% of the valid votes.
Lizard Acres, Arizona
Lizard Acres was a former cattle ranch, subdivision, and train stop situated in Maricopa County, Arizona, near the present day town of Surprise. It has an estimated elevation of 1,191 feet (363 m) above sea level.

Lizard Acres (noted as Lizard on topographic maps) was a train stop just north of Surprise, Arizona. The stop is near current day Grand Avenue and Bell Road in Surprise, Arizona. The site also held a cattle farm.

Surprise, Arizona
Surprise is a city in Maricopa County, in the U.S. state of Arizona. The population was 143,148 at the 2020 census, up from 117,517 in 2010 and 30,848 in 2000.

Surprise is the spring training location of the Kansas City Royals and the Texas Rangers baseball teams.
Hector Jimenez-Bravo
Hector Ismael Jimenez-Bravo (Spanish: Héctor Ismael Jiménez-Bravo; born 14 January 1972) is a Colombian-born Canadian and Ukrainian chef, businessman, television presenter and culinary arts lecturer. He is currently based in Ukraine, holding Ukrainian citizenship and serving as a judge on shows such as MasterChef Ukraine, Ukraine's Got Talent. He is the founder of Bravo Restaurant Group Company and is a recipient of "The World Master Chef" award.

MasterChef
MasterChef is a competitive cooking show television format created by Franc Roddam, which originated with the British version in July 1990. The show aims to discover the culinary talent of chefs of varying skill levels, through a series of cooking challenges, watched over by various acclaimed food critics and chefs.

Dave Ross commissioned the show for the BBC and gave it the name; he had already produced Masterteam, a quiz show hosted by Angela Rippon, and worked on the long-running Mastermind, and so the name was a continuation of that. The format was revived and updated for the BBC in February 2005 by executive producers Roddam and John Silver with series producer Karen Ross.

The revived format is sold internationally by Banijay. Its first international adaptation was MasterChef Australia, which began in 2009. The show has since been adapted in several other countries.
Cornelis de Graeff II
Cornelis de Graeff (23 August 1671,  Amsterdam – 16 February 1719, Ilpendam) was a member of the family De Graeff, a prominent regent family from the Dutch Golden Age. He held the title 20th Free Lord of Purmerland and Ilpendam.

Ilpendam
Ilpendam is a village in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. It is a part of the municipality of Waterland, and lies about 4 km south of Purmerend. It covers an area of 2.46 km2 (0.95 sq mi) and had 1,780 inhabitants in 2008. Ilpendam was part of the Free and high Lordship of Purmerend, Purmerland and Ilpendam.
Carl L. Hamilton
Carl Lewis Hamilton (February 23, 1888 – May 27, 1946) was an American businessman. He is most notable for his work as a senior executive of the Weyerhaeuser wood products company and a named partner of the Booz Allen Hamilton management and information technology consulting firm.

Weyerhaeuser
The Weyerhaeuser Company (/ˈwɛərhaʊzər/ WAIR-how-zər) is an American timberland company which owns approximately 10,400,000 acres (16,200 sq mi; 42,000 km2) of timberlands in the U.S., and manages an additional 14,000,000 acres (22,000 sq mi; 57,000 km2) of timberlands under long-term licenses in Canada. The company has manufactured wood products for over a century. It operates as a real estate investment trust (REIT).
Yamaguchia
Yamaguchia toyensis is one of many aquatic oligochaetes belonging to the family Lumbriculidae discovered on the island of Hokkaidō, Japan, which seems to be one of three "hotspots" of lumbriculid diversity (the others being the Rocky Mountains and Lake Baikal). The genus named after the great oligochaete taxonomist Professor Hideji Yamaguchi.

Y. toyensis was originally collected from profundal parts of Lake Tōya, Hokkaido (after which it is named), and is among the shortest of the lumbriculids (7–11 mm). It is uncertain where in the phylogeny of the lumbriculids Y. toyensis belongs. It seems to lack novel characters with which to place it unambiguously, but has a combination of features not found in other genera of the family: testes and atria in segment X, a single, prosoporous male funnel per atrium, and spermathecae in segment XI.

Lumbriculidae
The Lumbriculidae are a family of microdrile oligochaetes common in freshwater environments, including streams, lakes, marshes, wells and groundwater. They should not be confused with the earthworm family Lumbricidae. Many species and genera are highly endemic, mainly in Siberia and the western parts of North America. Lumbriculidae are the only family in the order Lumbriculida.

The family contains:
Peter Hand Brewing Company
The Peter Hand Brewing Company was an American brewery established in 1891 by Prussian immigrant and American Civil War veteran Peter Hand in Chicago, Illinois. The company is notable for popularizing the light beer recipe it would later sell to Miller Brewing, which thereafter rebranded it "Light Beer from Miller", and, ultimately, Miller Lite. When the brewery closed in 1978, it was the last brewing company in Chicago, until Sieben's River North opened in 1987.

Miller Lite
Miller Lite is a 4.2% ABV reduced calorie light American lager beer produced by Molson Coors.  It was introduced in 1973 in limited markets by the Miller Brewing Company (then owned by Philip Morris, Inc.) and began being distributed nationally in 1975. Miller Lite was the most popular new product in the history of the American beer industry. Its success prompted most other brewers to introduce their own reduced calorie "light" beers. As a result, sales of light beer in the United States went from a negligible amount before Miller Lite was introduced in 1973 to forty-four percent of the United States beer market by 2002.
Sir Henry Wellwood-Moncreiff, 10th Baronet
Sir Henry Wellwood-Moncreiff, 10th Baronet, originally Henry Moncrieff (21 May 1809–4 November 1883) was a Scottish minister, considered one of the most influential figures in the Free Church of Scotland in his time. Henry Wellwood Moncreiff, tenth baronet, born in 1809, was ordained minister of the parish of East Kilbride, Lanarkshire, in 1836, and at the disruption, in 1843, he joined the Free Church. He was afterwards translated to St. Cuthbert's, Edinburgh. He married in 1838, Alexina-Mary, daughter of Edinburgh surgeon George Bell. He is one of the two principal clerks of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland, Patrick Clason, being the other; and on the death, in 1861, of James Robertson, professor of divinity and church history in the university of Edinburgh, he was appointed his successor as secretary to her majesty's sole and only master printers in Scotland.

Disruption of 1843
The Disruption of 1843, also known as the Great Disruption, was a schism in 1843 in which 450 evangelical ministers broke away from the Church of Scotland to form the Free Church of Scotland.
The main conflict was over whether the Church of Scotland or the British Government had the power to control clerical positions and benefits.  The Disruption came at the end of a bitter conflict within the Church of Scotland, and had major effects in the church and upon Scottish civic life.
Yanet Seyoum
Yanet Seyoum Gebremedhin (born 9 July 1994 in Kombolcha, Ethiopia) is an Ethiopian swimmer. She is the first swimmer from Ethiopia to compete in the Olympics. Yanet competed in the 50 meter freestyle at the 2012 Summer Olympics and was the flag bearer of the Ethiopian team at the 2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony.

Kombolcha
Kombolcha (Amharic: ኮምቦልቻ) is a town and district in north-central Ethiopia. Located in the Debub Wollo Zone of the Amhara Region, it has a latitude and longitude of 11°5′N 39°44′E﻿ / ﻿11.083°N 39.733°E﻿ / 11.083; 39.733 with an elevation between 1842 and 1915 meters above sea level. Some guide books describe Kombolcha as the twin town of Dessie which lies some 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) to the northwest.
Aitor Embela
Aitor Mbela Gil (born 17 April 1996), known in Spain as Aitor Embela Gil, is a professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Challenger Pro League club Olympic Charleroi. Born in Spain, he plays for the Equatorial Guinea national team.

Equatorial Guinea national football team
The Equatorial Guinea national football team (Spanish: Selección de fútbol de Guinea Ecuatorial) represents Equatorial Guinea in men's international football and is controlled by the Equatoguinean Football Federation, a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF).

The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup, but has qualified for the Africa Cup of Nations on five occasions, the first two times as hosts (in 2012 and 2015). They finished in fourth place in 2015, and reached the quarter-finals in 2012 and 2021.