hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthur Thomas Doodson
Arthur Thomas Doodson (31 March 1890 – 10 January 1968) was a British mathematician and oceanographer, who worked on tidal analysis at Liverpool Observatory and Tidal Institute from 1919 to 1960.

Profoundly deaf, he could not become a teacher and started as meter tester before he obtained his M.Sc.degree at the University of Liverpool, advised by Joseph Proudman. He briefly worked under Karl Pearson first in statistics, then in ballistics calculating shell trajectories until the end of WWI. Joining the newly founded Tidal Institute in Liverpool in 1919 he produced tide tables, and was involved in designing tide-predicting machines. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.
During WWII he calculated the best combination of full moon and ideal tidal conditions for D-Day on 6 June 1944. He was involved in work for the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics.

Tide table
Tide tables, sometimes called tide charts, are used for tidal prediction and show the daily times and levels of high and low tides, usually for a particular location. Tide heights at intermediate times (between high and low water) can be approximated by using the rule of twelfths or more accurately calculated by using a published tidal curve for the location. Tide levels are typically given relative to a low-water vertical datum, e.g. the mean lower low water (MLLW) datum in the US.
A595 road
The A595 is a primary route in Cumbria, in Northern England that starts in Carlisle, passes through Whitehaven and goes close to Workington, Cockermouth and Wigton. It passes Sellafield and Ravenglass before ending at the Dalton-in-Furness by-pass, in southern Cumbria, where it joins the A590 trunk road. The road is mostly single carriageway, apart from in central Carlisle, where it passes the castle as a busy dual carriageway road named Castle Way, and prior to that as Bridge Street and Church Street, where it passes close to the McVitie's or Carr's biscuit factory. The Lillyhall bypass is also dual carriageway.

The road in the Whitehaven area was laid out in the 1930s and the A595 was designated a trunk route in 1946. It was detrunked in 1998, apart from an 18-mile (29 km) section between Little Clifton and Calder Bridge. This section represents the route from Sellafield to the A66.

At Duddon Bridge and at Dove Ford near Grizebeck the road passes through farmyards.

Carlisle Castle
Carlisle Castle is a stone keep medieval fortress located in the city of Carlisle near the ruins of Hadrian's Wall. First built during the reign of William II in 1092 and rebuilt in stone under Henry I in 1122, the castle is over 930 years old and has been the scene of many episodes in British history.

This Castle played an extremely important part in the wars between England and Scotland (the Wars of Scottish Independence). It has been the centre of many wars and invasions. During the Jacobite Rising of 1745–1746, Carlisle became the last English fortress to undergo a siege. The castle was listed as a Scheduled Ancient Monument on 7 August 1996.

Today the property is managed by English Heritage and is open to the public. Until 2006, the castle was the administrative headquarters of the former King's Own Royal Border Regiment and until 2019 it was the county headquarters to the Duke of Lancaster's Regiment. A museum to the regiment is within the castle walls.
Ystrad Tywi
Ystrad Tywi (Welsh: [ˈəstrad ˈtəwi], Valley of the river Towy) is a region of southwest Wales situated on both banks of the River Towy (Welsh: Afon Tywi), it contained places such as Cedweli, Carnwyllion, Loughor, Llandeilo, and Gwyr (although this is disputed). Although Ystrad Tywi was never a kingdom itself, it was historically a valuable territory and was fought over by the various kings of Dyfed, Deheubarth, Seisyllwg, Gwynedd, Morgannwg and the Normans.

Kidwelly
Kidwelly (Welsh: Cydweli) is a town and community in Carmarthenshire, southwest Wales, approximately 7 miles (11 km) northwest of the most populous town in the county, Llanelli. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 3,689.

It lies on the River Gwendraeth above Carmarthen Bay. The community includes Mynyddgarreg and Llangadog.
FIDE Women's Grand Swiss Tournament 2021
The FIDE Women's Grand Swiss Tournament 2021 was a chess tournament that formed part of the qualification cycle for the Women's World Chess Championship 2022. It was an 11-round Swiss-system tournament, with 50 players competing, ran from 27 October to 7 November 2021 in Riga, Latvia, in parallel with the FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament 2021. It was the first FIDE Women's Grand Swiss Tournament.

The top finisher who had not already qualified qualified for the Women's Candidates Tournament 2022.

Women's World Chess Championship 2023
The 2023 Women's World Chess Championship was a chess match for the Women's World Chess Championship title. It was contested by the defending champion, Ju Wenjun, and her challenger, Lei Tingjie, the winner of the 2022–23 Candidates tournament.

It was played from 5 to 24 July 2023, in the hometowns of the two participants, giving each a home-field advantage for half the match.

Ju won the match and successfully defended her title.
Stanko Svitlica
Stanko Svitlica (Serbian Cyrillic: Станко Свитлица; born 17 May 1976) is a Serbian retired footballer who played as a forward. He is best remembered for his time at Legia Warsaw, becoming the Polish Ekstraklasa top scorer in the 2002–03 season with 24 goals.

2002–03 Ekstraklasa
The 2002–03 Ekstraklasa is the 77th season of the Polish Football Championship and the 69th season of the Ekstraklasa, the top Polish professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1927.
Hundreds & Thousands
Hundreds & Thousands is a remix album by Bronski Beat released in 1985.

The compilation was assembled after lead singer Jimmy Somerville's departure from the band, combining tracks from what would have been the next single ("Run From Love"/"Hard Rain") with new remixes of four tracks from The Age of Consent. It was the last Bronski Beat album to feature Somerville's vocals.

The cassette and CD editions added three B-sides and an existing 12" single remix of "I Feel Love". (The remaining B-sides "Red Dance", "The Potato Fields", "Puit d'Amour" and "Signs & Wonders" were not included until the 2012 re-release which paired the album with The Age of Consent)

The Age of Consent (album)
The Age of Consent is the debut album by British synth-pop band Bronski Beat (Steve Bronski, Larry Steinbachek and Jimmy Somerville), released on London Records in October 1984. This was the only album released by Bronski Beat to feature Somerville, who departed the band in 1985.

A re-recorded and expanded version was released in 2017 under the name of The Age of Reason, with Bronski, Ian Donaldson, and new singer Stephen Granville.
Michael Banton
Michael Parker Banton CMG, FRAI (8 September 1926 – 22 May 2018) was a British social scientist, known primarily for his publications on racial and ethnic relations. He was also the first editor of Sociology (1966-1969).

Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
The Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland (RAI) is a long-established anthropological organisation, and Learned Society, with a global membership. Its remit includes all the component fields of anthropology, such as biological anthropology, evolutionary anthropology, social anthropology, cultural anthropology, visual anthropology and medical anthropology, as well as sub-specialisms within these, and interests shared with neighbouring disciplines such as human genetics, archaeology and linguistics. It seeks to combine a tradition of scholarship with services to anthropologists, including students.

The RAI promotes the public understanding of anthropology, as well as the contribution anthropology can make to public affairs and social issues. It includes within its constituency not only academic anthropologists, but also those with a general interest in the subject, and those trained in anthropology who work in other fields.
N! conjecture
In mathematics, the n! conjecture is the conjecture that the dimension of a certain bi-graded module of diagonal harmonics is n!. It was made by A. M. Garsia and M. Haiman and later proved by M. Haiman. It implies Macdonald's positivity conjecture about the Macdonald polynomials.

Module (mathematics)
In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a (not necessarily commutative) ring. The concept of a module also generalizes the notion of an abelian group, since the abelian groups are exactly the modules over the ring of integers.

Like a vector space, a module is an additive abelian group, and scalar multiplication is distributive over the operations of addition between elements of the ring or module and is compatible with the ring multiplication.

Modules are very closely related to the representation theory of groups. They are also one of the central notions of commutative algebra and homological algebra, and are used widely in algebraic geometry and algebraic topology.
Al-Naft SC (basketball)
Al-Naft Sports Club (transl. Oil Sports Club) is an Iraqi professional basketball club based in the Al-Rusafa district in Baghdad. Owned and operated by the Ministry of Oil, the team plays in the Iraqi Basketball League and has won seven national league championships. The team is part of the Al-Naft SC sports club that also fields a football team. Home games of Al-Naft are played in the Al-Shaab Hall.

In 2022–23, Al-Naft played in the inaugural season of the West Asia Super League (WASL). In 2019 they had already played in the WABA Champions Cup and finished in the third place.

Iraqi Professional Basketball League
The Iraqi Professional Basketball League is the highest professional basketball league in Iraq.

The record winners of the competition are Al-Karkh, who have won the championship 13 times. Al-Difaa Al-Jawi are the current champions, having won their 4th title in the 2024–25 season by beating Dijlah Al-Jamiea in the final.
1881 Iowa Senate election
In the 1881 Iowa State Senate elections Iowa voters elected state senators to serve in the nineteenth Iowa General Assembly. Elections were held in 25 of the state senate's 50 districts. State senators serve four-year terms in the Iowa State Senate.

The general election took place on October 11, 1881.

Following the previous election, Republicans had control of the Iowa Senate with 41 seats to Democrats' seven seats and two Greenbackers.

To claim control of the chamber from Republicans, the Democrats needed to net 19 Senate seats.

Republicans maintained control of the Iowa State Senate following the 1881 general election with the balance of power shifting to Republicans holding 45 seats, Democrats having two seats, two Greenbackers, and one Independent (a net gain of 4 seats for Republicans and 1 Independent seat).

Iowa Democratic Party
The Iowa Democratic Party (IDP) is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Iowa.

The party organizes the Democratic Iowa presidential caucuses. In recent years, the party has lost ground in the state, holding no congressional seats from Iowa, superminorities in both houses of the state legislature, and only one out of seven statewide elected officials.
Not Quite Dead Enough
Not Quite Dead Enough is a Nero Wolfe double mystery by Rex Stout published in 1944 by Farrar & Rinehart, Inc. The volume contains two novellas that first appeared in The American Magazine:

"Not Quite Dead Enough" (abridged, December 1942)

"Booby Trap" (August 1944)

In these two stories Archie Goodwin, Wolfe's live-in employee in all the other Nero Wolfe stories, wears the uniform of the United States Army.

Farrar & Rinehart
Farrar & Rinehart (1929–1946) was a United States book publishing company founded in New York. Farrar & Rinehart enjoyed success with both non-fiction and novels, notably, the landmark Rivers of America Series and the first ten books in the Nero Wolfe corpus of Rex Stout. In 1943 the company was recognized with the first Carey-Thomas Award for creative publishing presented by Publishers Weekly.
Zijl
The Zijl (formerly known as Zyl) is a short river in the Dutch province of South Holland that connects the Old Rhine (Oude Rijn) with the Kagerplassen. The Zijl flows in a south–north direction and is only 4.56 kilometers long, running from the Spanjaardsbrug in the city of Leiden to the Kager plas Zweiland. There are two islands in the Zijl: Zijleiland and Boterhuiseiland. The northern section was previously referred to as the Rechte Zijl, while the southern part was known as the Kromme Zijl.

The Zijl (1204: SIle) was originally a tidal creek, with its northern part dug around 1200 for drainage into the Kagerplassen. The Middle Dutch word sīle and Old Frisian sīl both mean 'water drainage' and belong to the same root as zijgen (Old High German sīhan, meaning to sieve, to drip). It has the same origin as the word zijl (sluice gate) and is related to Old Norse sīl (slow-flowing water) and Middle Low German sīl (watercourse, sewer).

Sluice
A sluice (/slus/ SLOOS) is a water channel containing a sluice gate, a type of lock to manage water flow and water level. There are various types of sluice gates, including flap sluice gates and fan gates.

Sluices are used for channeling water toward a water mill, including for transporting logs from steep hillsides. Different terms are used regionally for sluices; the terms sluice, sluice gate, knife gate, and slide gate are used interchangeably in the water and wastewater control industry.
Channel 6 virtual TV stations in Canada
The following television stations operate on virtual channel 6 in Canada:

CBMT-DT in Montreal, Quebec

CBWT-DT in Winnipeg, Manitoba

CHAU-DT-4 in Chandler, Quebec

CHEK-DT in Victoria, British Columbia

CHKM-DT in Kamloops, British Columbia

CIII-DT in Paris, Ontario

CIII-DT-6 in Ottawa, Ontario

CIMT-DT-6 in Rivière-du-Loup, Quebec

CJPM-DT in Saguenay, Quebec

CIII-DT
CIII-DT (channel 41, cable channel 3) is a television station in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, serving as the flagship station of the Global Television Network, a division of Corus Entertainment. The station maintains studios at 81 Barber Greene Road (near Leslie Street) in the Don Mills district of Toronto, and its transmitter is located atop the CN Tower in downtown Toronto.

The station reaches much of the population of Ontario through a network of 12 transmitters across primarily the southern and central portions of the province (as a result, it is the de facto Global outlet for the capital city of Ottawa through repeater CIII-DT-6). Since August 29, 2022, CIII-DT serves as the master control hub for all 15 Global owned-and-operated stations across Canada.
Ascot State School
Ascot State School is a heritage-listed independent public, co-educational, primary school, located on Pringle Street, in the City of Brisbane suburb of Ascot, in Queensland, Australia. Designed by the Department of Public Works (Queensland) and built from 1919 to 1939, the school was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 April 2017. It is administered by the Department of Education, with an enrolment of 646 students and a teaching staff of 43, as of 2023. The school serves students from Prep to Year 6.

Department of Housing and Public Works
The Department of Housing and Public Works is a ministerial department within the Queensland Government, tasked with providing housing, sport, digital technology, and urban design and architecture services Both Smart Service Queensland (SSQ) and Queensland Shared Services (QSS) sit within Housing and Public Works, providing whole-of-government services including HR, payroll, procurement, infrastructure, and state-wide contact centre solutions.

The department was previously called the Department of Housing, Local Government, Planning and Public Works prior to the November 2024 machinery of government changes.
John Blayney
John Joseph Blayney (13 March 1925 – 17 June 2018) was an Irish rugby player, barrister and judge who served a Judge of the Supreme Court from 1992 to 1997 and a Judge of the High Court from 1973 to 1992.

John Blayney was the son of Alexander Joseph Blayney, who was a prominent Dublin surgeon at Mater Hospital.

On 12 December 1991, he was nominated as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Ireland by Taoiseach Charles Haughey. On 9 January 1992, he was appointed to the position by President Mary Robinson. Upon retirement from a long legal career, his position on the bench was filled by Judge Henry Denis Barron. During his retirement, he acted as chairman to the Blayney Inquiry into the "professional and business conduct" of a number of major Irish accountants and accounting firms.

Blayney has, on several occasions, sat on the bench for the European Court of Human Rights.

Blayney played rugby union for Ireland, earning one cap in 1950 in which he ran a 40-yard try against a Scottish side.

Supreme Court of Ireland
The Supreme Court of Ireland (Irish: Cúirt Uachtarach na hÉireann) is the highest judicial authority in Ireland. It is a court of final appeal and exercises, in conjunction with the Court of Appeal and the High Court, judicial review over Acts of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament). The Supreme Court also has appellate jurisdiction to ensure compliance with the Constitution of Ireland by governmental bodies and private citizens. It sits in the Four Courts in Dublin.
Ryan O'Donnell (computer scientist)
Ryan O'Donnell is a Canadian theoretical computer scientist and a professor at Carnegie Mellon University. He is known for his work on the analysis of Boolean functions and for authoring the textbook on this subject. He is also known for his work on computational learning theory, hardness of approximation, property testing, quantum computation and quantum information.

O'Donnell attended the Gifted Program at O'Neill Collegiate and Vocational Institute in Oshawa, Ontario and then went on to complete his B.Sc. in Mathematics and Computer Science at the University of Toronto. He then completed his Ph.D. at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 2003, advised by Madhu Sudan.

Analysis of Boolean functions
In mathematics and theoretical computer science, analysis of Boolean functions is the study of real-valued functions on  or  (such functions are sometimes known as pseudo-Boolean functions) from a spectral perspective. The functions studied are often, but not always, Boolean-valued, making them Boolean functions. The area has found many applications in combinatorics, social choice theory, random graphs, and theoretical computer science, especially in hardness of approximation, property testing, and PAC learning.
2009 Brazilian girl abortion case
In 2009, a 9-year-old Brazilian girl was repeatedly raped by her stepfather and became pregnant with twins; the girl's mother helped her procure an abortion, and the pregnancy was terminated. José Sobrinho, a Catholic archbishop, said that the girl's mother and the doctors who performed the abortion had been automatically excommunicated under canon law. This prompted an array of national and international criticism for the archbishop's actions. In response, the National Conference of Bishops of Brazil declared that no one was excommunicated in the case, and in an article published in L'Osservatore Romano, a bioethicist of the Holy See rebuked the archbishop for his public statement.

Episcopal Conference of Brazil
The National Conference of Bishops of Brazil (Portuguese: Conferência Nacional dos Bispos do Brasil, CNBB) is a permanent institution that groups all the Catholic bishops in Brazil that, according to the Code of Canon Law, "exercise certain pastoral functions for the Christian faithful of their territory in order to promote the greater good which the Church offers to humanity, especially through forms and programs of the apostolate fittingly adapted to the circumstances of time and place, according to the norm of law" (Can. 447).

All diocesan bishops in Brazil belong to CNBB along with coadjutor bishops, auxiliary bishops and other titular Bishops who exercise in the same territory a special charge, entrusted by the Apostolic See or by the Conference of Bishops (cf. Can. 450).

The CNBB was founded on October 14, 1952, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The headquarters moved to Brasília in 1977.
Princess Ingeborg of Denmark
Princess Ingeborg of Denmark (Ingeborg Charlotte Caroline Frederikke Louise; 2 August 1878 – 12 March 1958), was a Princess of Sweden by marriage to Prince Carl, Duke of Västergötland.

Princess Ingeborg was a daughter of Frederick VIII of Denmark and Louise of Sweden, she grew up in Copenhagen as a Danish princess. In 1897, she was married to her mother's first cousin Prince Carl of Sweden, Duke of Västergötland, and spent the rest of her of life in Sweden as a member of the Swedish royal family.

Her marriage produced four children, among whom were Märtha, Crown Princess of Norway and Astrid, Queen of the Belgians.

Swedish royal family
The Swedish royal family  since 1818 has consisted of members of the Swedish Royal House of Bernadotte (Swedish: Kungahuset), closely related to the King of Sweden. Today those members who are recognized by the king are entitled to royal titles and styles (manner of address), and perform official engagements and ceremonial duties of state. The extended family of the King (Swedish: Kungafamiljen) consists of other close relatives who are not royal and thus do not represent the country officially.
Thatta District
Thatta District  (Sindhi: ٺٽو ضلعو, Urdu: ضلع ٹھٹھہ) is located in the southern area, locally called Laar, of the province of Sindh, Pakistan. Its capital is Thatta. It is home to a large necropolis of Makli. In 2013, several talukas were separated to form the new Sujawal District.

Makli Necropolis
Makli Necropolis (Urdu: شہرِ خموشاں مکلی; Sindhi: مڪلي قبرستان) is one of the largest funerary sites in the world, spread over an area of 10 kilometres near the city of Thatta, in the Pakistani province of Sindh. The site houses approximately 500,000 to 1 million tombs built over the course of a 400-year period. Makli Necropolis features several large funerary monuments belonging to royalty, various Sufi saints, and esteemed scholars. The site was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981 as an "outstanding testament" to Sindhi civilization between the 14th and 18th centuries.
Am I Blue (album)
Am I Blue is an album by American jazz guitarist Grant Green featuring performances recorded in 1963 and released on the Blue Note label. The first two tracks had both been recorded by Ray Charles. “Sweet Slumber” was a 1940s hit for swing band leader Lucky Millinder. Green is heard in a quintet with tenor saxophonist Joe Henderson, trumpeter Johnny Coles, organist Big John Patton and drummer Ben Dixon.

John Patton (musician)
John Patton (July 12, 1935 – March 19, 2002) was an American jazz, blues and R&B pianist and organist often known by his nickname, Big John Patton.

Patton was one of the most in-demand organists during the golden era of the Hammond B-3 organs between 1963 and 1970.
 He recorded extensively for Blue Note and performed or collaborated with Lloyd Price, Grant Green, and Lou Donaldson. Patton had a lower profile in the 1970s but enjoyed a comeback in the 1980s and 1990s, often in collaboration with saxophonist John Zorn. His later music incorporated modal and free jazz.
Islamic Council Norway
The Islamic Council Norway (Norwegian: Islamsk Råd Norge, IRN) is an umbrella organisation for Muslim congregations and organisations in Norway. Currently, it represents 41 congregations totalling about 60,000 members. The offices are located in Oslo. It is a member of the European Council for Fatwa and Research (ECFR).

European Council for Fatwa and Research
The European Council for Fatwa and Research (ECFR) is a Dublin-based private foundation, founded in London on 29–30 March 1997 on the initiative of the Federation of Islamic Organizations in Europe.  The council is a largely self-selected body, composed of Islamic clerics and scholars, presided over by Yusuf al-Qaradawi.