hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Domenico Tardini
Domenico Tardini (29 February 1888 – 30 July 1961) was a longtime aide to Pope Pius XII in the Secretariat of State. Pope John XXIII named him Cardinal Secretary of State and, in this position the most prominent member of the Roman Curia in Vatican City.

Cardinal Secretary of State
The Secretary of State of His Holiness (Latin: Secretarius Status Sanctitatis Suae; Italian: Segretario di Stato di Sua Santità), also known as the Cardinal Secretary of State or the Vatican Secretary of State, presides over the Secretariat of State of the Holy See, the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia. The Secretariat of State performs all the political and diplomatic functions of the Holy See and Vatican City. The secretary of state is sometimes described as the prime minister of the Holy See, but the head of government of Vatican City is the President of the Governorate of Vatican City State.

Cardinal Pietro Parolin has served as secretary of state since 2013, nominated by Francis and temporarily confirmed also by Leo XIV in May 2025.
Saddi Washington
Saddi Washington (born July 30, 1975) is an American college basketball coach and former player. He currently serves as a men's basketball assistant coach for the Michigan State basketball team. He played college basketball at Western Michigan. Before becoming a collegiate assistant coach, he was a volunteer coach at Romulus Senior High School under current Alabama head coach Nate Oats.

Nate Oats
Nathanael Justin Oats (born October 13, 1974) is an American basketball coach, currently the head men's basketball coach at the University of Alabama. Prior to Alabama, he was the head coach at the University at Buffalo.
O'Sullivan v Noarlunga Meat Ltd
O'Sullivan v Noarlunga Meat Ltd, was a case decided in the High Court of Australia regarding the scope of the trade and commerce power, under s 51(i) of the Australian Constitution, and inconsistency between Commonwealth and State laws, under section 109 of the Constitution.

Section 109 of the Constitution of Australia
Section 109 of the Constitution of Australia is the part of the Constitution of Australia that deals with the legislative inconsistency between federal and state laws, and declares that valid federal laws override ("shall prevail") inconsistent state laws, to the extent of the inconsistency. Section 109 is analogous to the Supremacy Clause in the United States Constitution and the paramountcy doctrine in Canadian constitutional jurisprudence, and the jurisprudence in one jurisdiction is considered persuasive in the others.
Haval (marque)
Haval (Chinese: 哈弗; pinyin: Hāfú; stylized in all caps) is an automotive brand owned by the Chinese automaker Great Wall Motor (GWM) that specializes in crossovers and SUVs. Haval was spun-off from a product line of GWM to a standalone brand in March 2013. As of 2024, Haval is the most popular among all brands owned by GWM such as Tank, Ora, and Wey.

Ora (marque)
Ora (Chinese: 欧拉; pinyin: Oūlā; stylised in all caps) is a marque of battery electric cars established in 2018 by Chinese automaker Great Wall Motor (GWM).

According to GWM, Ora stands for "open, reliable and alternative", while also paying homage to Leonhard Euler, a notable Swiss mathematician whose surname is phonetically translated as "Oula" in Mandarin Chinese.
Measurement while drilling
Measurement while drilling (MWD) refers to directional-drilling measurements (e.g., for decision support for the wellbore path). Initial attempts to provide MWD date back to the 1920s. A MWD operator measures the trajectory of the hole as it is drilled. MWD tools may be capable of taking directional surveys,  providing information about the conditions at the drill bit, or taking measurements of formation properties. Data may be transmitted in various ways, including by mud pulse telemetry, electromagnetic telemetry, and wired drill pipe. MWD tools may be semi-permanently mounted in a drill collar, or they may be self-contained and wireline retrievable.

Borehole
A borehole is a narrow shaft bored in the ground, either vertically or horizontally. A borehole may be constructed for many different purposes, including the extraction of water (drilled water well and tube well), other liquids (such as petroleum), or gases (such as natural gas). It may also be part of a geotechnical investigation, environmental site assessment, mineral exploration, temperature measurement, as a pilot hole for installing piers or underground utilities, for geothermal installations, or for underground storage of unwanted substances, e.g. in carbon capture and storage.
Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball
The Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball team represents Santa Clara University in NCAA Division I basketball competition. The team plays home games at the Leavey Center in Santa Clara, California and have been members of the West Coast Conference since its formation in 1952. The team is currently coached by Herb Sendek, who had previously been the head coach at North Carolina State and Arizona State

Santa Clara has a long history of basketball success, having appeared in 11 NCAA Tournaments and 7 National Invitational Tournaments and producing a number of both collegiate All-Americans and NBA players. The Broncos have competed in the NIT in three of the last four seasons. In the 2022 and 2023 seasons produced a first round draft pick in the NBA draft, Jalen Williams and Brandin Podziemski.

Leavey Center
Leavey Center, also known as the Leavey Activities Center or occasionally by its old nickname the Toso Pavilion, is Santa Clara University's indoor basketball arena in Santa Clara, California. It is home to the Santa Clara Broncos basketball and volleyball teams. It has hosted the West Coast Conference men's basketball tournament ten times.
Mihailo Maksimović
Mihailo Maksimović also Mihajlo Maksimović (Serbian:  Михаило Максимовић; c. 1745 - after 1792) was a Serbian satirist, professor, translator, and writer. He was very familiar with the life and work of Dositej Obradović.

Dositej Obradović
Dositej Obradović (Serbian Cyrillic: Доситеј Обрадовић, Serbian pronunciation: [dɔsǐtɛːj ɔbrǎːdɔʋitɕ]; 17 February 1739 – 7 April 1811) was a Serbian writer, philosopher, pedagogue, translator, educational reformer, linguist and the first minister of education of Serbia. An influential protagonist of the Serbian national and cultural renaissance, he advocated Enlightenment and rationalist ideas, while remaining a Serbian patriot and an adherent of the Serbian Orthodox Church.
VIP's (American restaurant)
VIP's, alternatively written Vip's, was a restaurant chain in the Western United States that operated from 1968 until the late 1980s, based in Salem, Oregon.  With more than 50 locations, it was once the largest restaurant chain based in Oregon. It was a Denny's-style restaurant, a type that was commonly known at that time as a "coffee shop" but is now more commonly known as a casual dining restaurant.  Most restaurants were located near freeways and were open 24 hours. At its peak, the chain had locations in five states:  Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Nevada and northern California.

Denny's
Denny's (also known as Denny's Diner on some locations' signage) is an American table service diner-style restaurant chain. It operates over 1,400 restaurants in the United States, Canada, México, Puerto Rico, and several other international locations.

Founded in 1953 with a donut stand in Lakewood, California under the name Danny's Donuts, the chain has grown to one of the largest full-service family restaurant chains in the United States. In January 2026, it was acquired by TriArtisan Capital Advisors, Treville Capital Group, and Yadav Enterprises.
PlagScan
PlagScan is a plagiarism detection software, mostly used by academic institutions. PlagScan compares submissions with web documents, journals and internal archives. The software was launched in 2009 by Markus Goldbach and Johannes Knabe of Cologne, Germany.

In 2019/2020, PlagScan merged with a similar Swedish company, Urkund, to form the company Ouriginal, owned by private equity firm Procuritas. Commenters suggested this might provide competition for leading plagiarism detection company, Turnitin. In March 2021, Turnitin announced its intent to purchase Ouriginal. The Australian Competition & Consumer Commission considered opposing the acquisition, but ultimately decided against it. The acquisition was completed in November 2021.

Turnitin
Turnitin (stylized as turnitin) is an Internet-based similarity detection service run by the American company Turnitin, LLC, a subsidiary of Advance Publications. The software as a service (SaaS) website sells automated checks of submitted documents against its database of prior submitted documents and the content of other websites to identify plagiarism. As of 2025, the company licenses access to its services to over 16,000 universities and high schools worldwide, with more than 71 million students enrolled, but as early as 2006, Princeton, Harvard, Yale and Stanford decided not to use Turnitin.
Kosong County
Kosŏng ([ˈkɤsɔŋ‿ɡun]) is a kun, or county, in Kangwŏn province, North Korea.  It lies in the southeasternmost corner of North Korea, immediately north of the Korean Demilitarized Zone.  Prior to the end of the Korean War in 1953, it made up a single county, together with what is now the South Korean county of the same name.  In a subsequent reorganization, the county absorbed the southern portion of Tongch'ŏn county.

Tongchon County
T'ongch'ŏn County is a kun, or county, in Kangwŏn province, North Korea.  It abuts the Sea of Japan (East Sea of Korea) to the north and east.  Famous people from T'ongch'ŏn include Hyundai Founder Chung Ju-yung, who is believed to have been born there.
National Institute of Technology, Sikkim
National Institute of Technology Sikkim (NIT Sikkim or NIT SKM) is a public engineering and research institution near the city of Ravangla in Sikkim, India. It is one of the 31 National Institutes of Technology in India and has been declared as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India. It is an autonomous institute and functioning under the aegis of Ministry of Education, Government of India.

National Institutes of Technology
The National Institutes of Technology (NITs) are centrally funded technical institutes under the ownership of the Ministry of Education, Government of India. They are governed by the National Institutes of Technology, Science Education, and Research Act, 2007, which declared them institutions of national importance and laid down their powers, duties, and framework for governance. The act lists 31 NITs Including IIESTS. Each NIT is autonomous and linked to the others through a common council known as the Council of NITSER, which oversees their administration. All NITs are funded by the Government of India.

In 2020, National Institutional Ranking Framework ranked twenty four NITs in the top 200 in engineering category. The language of instruction is English at all these institutes. As of 2024, the total number of seats for undergraduate programmes is 24,229 and the total number of seats for postgraduate programmes is 11,428.
Ingeborg Grytten
Ingeborg Andersdatter Grytten (c. 1668 – after 1705) was a Norwegian poet and hymn writer. Grytten and Dorothe Engelbretsdatter were the only known Norwegian poets in the 17th-century. Her life was defined by the onset of leprosy from an early age.

Dorothe Engelbretsdatter
Dorothe Engelbretsdatter (16 January 1634 – 19 February 1716) was a Norwegian author. She principally wrote hymns and poems which were strongly religious.  She has been described as Norway's first recognized female author as well as Norway's first feminist before feminism became a recognized concept.
Alianza de País
Country Alliance (Spanish: Alianza de País) is an electoral alliance in Puerto Rico for the 2024 Puerto Rican general election composed by two progressive parties in Puerto Rico, the pro-independence Puerto Rican Independance Party (PIP) and the Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana (MVC) which is a politically progressive party composed of differing ideologies with respect to Puerto Rico's colonial status.

Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana
Movimiento Victoria Ciudadana (English: Citizens' Victory Movement, generally abbreviated as MVC) is a Puerto Rican political party founded in 2019. It ran in the 2020 and 2024 Puerto Rican general elections on an anti-colonial platform, proposing a constitutional assembly to determine a final decision regarding the relationship between the United States and Puerto Rico.
The Scarecrow (album)
The Scarecrow is the third full-length album by Tobias Sammet's German metal opera project Avantasia, released on 25 January 2008 through Nuclear Blast Records. It is the first part of "The Wicked Trilogy" and it is followed by The Wicked Symphony and Angel of Babylon. Sammet explained in a 2016 interview that he managed to have Alice Cooper after drummer Eric Singer asked him. Cooper requested to have a listen to the song first and then accepted to be part of it. Commenting on the album's 17th anniversary in January 2025, Sammet said The Scarecrow "laid the foundation of what Avantasia is today" and that it "marks the birth of Avantasia after our first tentative steps a few years before".

Angel of Babylon
Angel of Babylon is the fifth full-length album by Tobias Sammet's German metal opera project Avantasia, released on 3 April 2010, along with The Wicked Symphony. Angel Of Babylon was released both as part of a box set, with the two albums combined and as an individual album. It is the third and final part of "The Wicked Trilogy".
Labor share
In economics, the wage share or labor share is  the part of national income, or the income of a particular economic sector, allocated to wages (labor). It is related to the capital or profit share, the part of income going to capital,
which is also known as the K–Y ratio.
The labor share is a key indicator for the distribution of income.

The wage share is countercyclical;: 13  that is, it tends to fall when output increases and rise when output decreases. Despite fluctuating over the business cycle, the wage share was once thought to be stable, which Keynes described as "one of the most surprising, yet best-established facts in the whole range of economic statistics".
The wage share has declined in most developed countries since the 1980s.

Measures of national income and output
A variety of measures of national income and output are used in economics to estimate total economic activity in a country or region, including gross domestic product (GDP), Gross national income (GNI), net national income (NNI), and adjusted national income (NNI adjusted for natural resource depletion – also called as NNI at factor cost). All are specially concerned with counting the total amount of goods and services produced within the economy and by various sectors. The boundary is usually defined by geography or citizenship, and it is also defined as the total income of the nation and also restrict the goods and services that are counted. For instance, some measures count only goods & services that are exchanged for money, excluding bartered goods, while other measures may attempt to include bartered goods by imputing monetary values to them.
Tehachapi, California
Tehachapi (/təˈhætʃəpi/ ⓘ; Kawaiisu: Tihachipia, meaning "hard climb") is a city in Kern County, California, United States, in the Tehachapi Mountains, at an elevation of 3,970 feet (1,210 m), between the San Joaquin Valley and the Mojave Desert. Tehachapi is 35 miles (56 km) east-southeast of Bakersfield, and 20 miles (32 km) west of Mojave. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10 square miles (26 km2). As of the 2020 census, Tehachapi had a population of 12,939. The Tehachapi area is known for the nearby Tehachapi Loop (a popular railfan site), the Pacific Crest Trail and for the favorable weather conditions for the aerial sport of gliding.

Kawaiisu
The Kawaiisu (pronounced: "ka-wai-ah-soo") are an Indigenous peoples of California in the United States who live in the Tehachapi Valley and to the north across the Tehachapi Pass in the southern Sierra Nevada, toward Lake Isabella and Walker Pass.

Historically, the Kawaiisu also traveled eastward on food-gathering trips to areas in the northern Mojave Desert, to the north and northeast of the Antelope Valley, Searles Valley, as far east as the Panamint Valley, the Panamint Mountains, and the western edge of Death Valley. Today, some Kawaiisu people are enrolled in the Tule River Indian Tribe.
Tarquinia gens
The gens Tarquinia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, usually associated with Lucius Tarquinius Priscus and Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the fifth and seventh Kings of Rome.  Most of the Tarquinii who appear in history are connected in some way with this dynasty, but a few appear during the later Republic, and others from inscriptions, some dating as late as the fourth century AD.

Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (died 495 BC) was the legendary seventh and final king of Rome, reigning 25 years until the popular uprising that led to the establishment of the Roman Republic. He is commonly known as Tarquin the Proud, from his cognomen Superbus (Latin for "proud, arrogant, lofty").

Ancient accounts of the regal period mingle history and legend. Tarquin was said to have been either the son or grandson of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth king of Rome, and to have gained the throne through the murders of both his wife and his elder brother, followed by the assassination of his predecessor, Servius Tullius. His reign has been described as a tyranny that justified the abolition of the monarchy.
Vice (Razorlight song)
"Vice" is the fifth single released by English rock band Razorlight, taken from their debut album, Up All Night (2004). It followed "Golden Touch" into the UK top 20. The lyrics feature the word "lover" spelled out in letters, the outro repeating this several times. Near the end of the song, Johnny Borrell gave out his then mobile phone number, allowing fans to call or text him.

The B-side to one format of the single is a cover of Outkast's "Hey Ya!," recorded with the London Community Gospel Choir (who also appeared on Blur's hit "Tender").

Golden Touch (song)
"Golden Touch" is a song by English indie rock band Razorlight, appearing as the eighth track on their 2004 debut album, Up All Night. The song is based on MTV2 and Queens of Noize DJ Mairead Nash, with whom Johnny Borrell had a brief relationship. "Golden Touch" was released as the fourth single from Up All Night in June 2004 and peaked at No. 9 on the UK Singles Chart. In 2006, it was ranked 87th on Q magazine's "100 Greatest Songs Ever".
Albert Howell (comedian)
Albert Howell is a Canadian comedian, actor and writer, most noted as a Gemini Award nominee and Canadian Screen Award winner for his work on the writing team for the sketch comedy series This Hour Has 22 Minutes.

Originally from Calgary, Alberta, where he did improv comedy with Loose Moose Theatre while studying political science at the University of Calgary, he later moved to Toronto to join The Second City, appearing in several shows with the company in both Toronto and Chicago between 1993 and 1996.

The Second City
The Second City is an improvisational comedy enterprise. It is the oldest improvisational theater troupe to be continuously based in Chicago, with training programs and live theaters in Toronto and New York. Since its debut in 1959, it has become one of the most influential and renowned in the English-speaking world. In February 2021, ZMC, a private equity investment firm based in Manhattan, purchased the Second City.

The Second City has produced television programs in both Canada and the United States, including SCTV, Second City Presents, and Next Comedy Legend. It has been a starting point for many comedians, award-winning actors, directors, and others in show business, including Joan Rivers, Alan Alda, Harold Ramis, Bill Murray, John Candy, John Belushi, Dan Aykroyd, Eugene Levy, Catherine O'Hara, Chris Farley, Mike Myers, Steve Carell, Tina Fey, Amy Poehler, Stephen Colbert and Jason Sudeikis.
Songyuan, Guangdong
Songyuan (simplified Chinese: 松源镇; traditional Chinese: 松源鎮; pinyin: Sōngyuán Zhèn) is a town in the Meixian District of Meizhou, northeastern Guangdong Province, China, along the border with Fujian Province to the northeast. It has a population of about 42,044 as of 2017 residing in an area of 149.5 km2 (57.7 sq mi).

Meizhou
Meizhou (Chinese: 梅州, Hakka Chinese: Mòichû) is a prefecture-level city in eastern Guangdong province, China. It has an area of 15,864.51 km2 (6,125.32 sq mi), and a population of 3,873,239 as of the 2020 census. It comprises Meijiang District, Meixian District, Xingning City and five counties. Its built-up or metro area made up of two urban districts was home to 992,351 inhabitants.
Doğançay, Midyat
Doğançay (Kurdish: Mizîzex; Syriac: Mzīzāḥ) is a village in the district of Midyat, Mardin Province in Turkey. It is populated by Syriacs and by Kurds of the Zaxuran tribe. The village had a population of 159 in 2021. It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.

In the village, there is a church of Mor Yuhannon and a church of the Virgin Mary.

Midyat
Midyat (Syriac: ܡܕܝܕ, romanized: Mëḏyaḏ, Kurdish: Midyad, Arabic: مديات) is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,241 km2, and its population is 120,069 (2022).

The town is populated by Kurds, Mhallami and Assyrians. The old Estel neighborhood is about 80 to 85% Kurdish-populated.

Midyat was originally made up of mostly Syriac Orthodox, Catholic, and Protestant Christians. The spoken language of Midyat was until recently modern Aramaic (Surayt) and the town has throughout history been considered the capital of the Tur Abdin region, the heartland of Syriac Christianity.
The Quadroons
"The Quadroons" is a short story written by American writer Lydia Maria Child (1802–1880) and published in The Liberty Bell in 1842. The influential short story depicts the life and death of a mixed-race woman and her daughter in early nineteenth century America, a slave-owning society.

Child originated the trope of the "tragic mulatta", which became well-known in the anti-slavery literature of the time, was taken up also by many other writers. Years later, Harriet Jacobs's autobiography Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (edited by Lydia Maria Child) featured the same theme, but with important changes, effectively giving her an agency Child's main characters never had.

The Liberty Bell (annual)
The Liberty Bell, by Friends of Freedom, was an annual abolitionist gift book, edited and published by Maria Weston Chapman, to be sold or gifted to participants in the National Anti-Slavery Bazaar organized by the Boston Female Anti-Slavery Society. Named after the symbol of the American Revolution, it was published nearly every year from 1839 to 1858.
2018–19 Basketball Champions League playoffs
The 2018–19 Basketball Champions League playoffs will begin on 5 March, and will end on 5 May, with the Final, which will decide the champions of the 2018–19 Basketball Champions League. 16 teams compete in the play-offs.

2018–19 Basketball Champions League
The 2018–19 Basketball Champions League was the third season of the Basketball Champions League (BCL), a European-wide professional basketball competition for clubs, that was launched by FIBA. The competition began in September 2018, with the qualifying rounds, and concluded in May 2019. It featured 19 domestic champions including two from France and Italy.

The Final Four was held in the Sportpaleis in Antwerp on 3 and 5 May 2019.

Virtus Bologna won its first BCL championship. As such, the team qualified for the 2020 FIBA Intercontinental Cup.