hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Veyshnoria
Veyshnoria (Russian: Вейшнория, romanized: Veyshnoriya, Belarusian: Вайшнорыя, romanized: Vajšnoryja) is a fictional state created for Zapad 2017, a joint Russo-Belarusian military training exercise. It neighbours Belarus and is an enemy of the Union State. Veyshnoria occupies most of Grodno Region and the northwestern parts of the Minsk and Vitebsk regions.

There are two other fictional enemies of the Zapad 2017 participants: Vesbaria and Lubenia.
Lubenia straddles the Suwałki Gap and covers parts of northeastern Poland and southwestern Lithuania, while Vesbaria covers the rest of Lithuania and central Latvia.

The "proclamation" of the state caused a response on the Internet, often humorous. Since September 2017, a web-based Veyshnoria have been proclaimed, which started acquiring the signs of an Internet-based micronation with more than 18,000 people signing for "citizenship".

Union State
The Union State is a supranational union consisting of Belarus and Russia, with the stated aim of deepening the relationship between the two states through integration in economic and defence policy. The Union State initially aimed to create a federation; however, both countries remain independent, and the Union State instead exhibits features of a confederation.

The Union State is based on the Treaty on the Union of Belarus and Russia, an international treaty signed by Belarus and Russia on 2 April 1997. Although it consists of only Russia and Belarus, other countries are allowed to join. The supranational union is ruled through the Supreme State Council, as well as other governing bodies. As of 2025, the current president of the Supreme State Council of the Union is Alexander Lukashenko, who has held the position since 2000. The present goal of the Union State mainly focuses on economic integration, taxation, and integration of defence and intelligence apparatus.
Ka Wah Bank
Ka Wah Bank (Chinese: 嘉華銀行有限公司) was a Hong Kong–based bank that operated between 1923 and 1998 when it was acquired by CITIC Group.

In 1998, the bank was acquired by CITIC International Financial Holdings and renamed as CITIC Ka Wah Bank Limited (中信嘉華銀行有限公司) and then in May 2010, CITIC Ka Wah Bank Limited was renamed as China CITIC Bank International.

China CITIC Bank International
China CITIC Bank International (Chinese: 中信銀行 (國際); CNCBI in short) is a Hong Kong full-service commercial bank.

China CITIC Bank Corporation Limited, via its wholly owned subsidiary CITIC International Financial Holdings Limited, is CNCBI's controlling shareholder with a 75% stake. The CITIC Group Corporation of Beijing is CNCBI's ultimate parent company.

As of the end of December 2024, CNCBI had 23 branches and two business banking centres in Hong Kong, as well as presence in various international locations. CNCBI's total assets stood at HK$489.30 billion.
Boolaroo Subgroup
Boolaroo Subgroup is a geologic formation in the Lachlan Orogen in eastern Australia in the Hunter Region. Formed in the late Permian, it is part of the Newcastle Coal Measures. This formation includes sandstone, conglomerate, tuff, and black coal. Belmont Conglomerate Member, part of the Boolaroo Subgroup can be seen at Caves Beach, New South Wales.

Newcastle Coal Measures
Newcastle Coal Measures is a major geologic formation in eastern Australia. Found in the Sydney Basin and Lachlan Orogen, this stratum is up to 1200 metres thick, consisting of dozens of different sub types. Formed between the Changhsingian and Wuchiapingian ages, around 256 to 252 Ma in the Permian. This formation includes coal seams, tuffaceous claystone, siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate. Medium to coarse-grained sandstone is present, often noticed by bathers at the Bogey Hole. Volcanic constituents of the Newcastle Coal Measures include Nobbys Head, which features Nobbys Tuff.
Doug Mellard
Doug Mellard (born 20th century) 
is an American stand-up comedian.

He is known for his appearances on Last Comic Standing, Live at Gotham, and his work with comedian Doug Benson.

The Austin American-Statesman has called Mellard "a high-energy crowd destroyer."

He has released three albums on Dan Schlissel's Stand Up! Records. The most recent, 2020's Fart Safari 3: Fart Hard with a Vengeance, reached number one on the iTunes comedy chart. Its predecessor, 2018's Fart Safari 2: Fart Harder, reached number three.

Doug Benson
Douglas Steven Benson (born July 2, 1962) is an American comedian, marijuana rights advocate, television and podcast host, and actor, best known for hosting the podcasts and TV series Doug Loves Movies (2006–present),  The Benson Interruption (2010–2013), Getting Doug with High (2013–2019) and The High Court with Doug Benson (2017). As a comedian, he has released 10 comedy albums, starting with Professional Humoredian in 2008, and has regularly appeared on TV shows including Comedy Central Presents, Best Week Ever and @midnight. In 2007, he was a contestant on the 5th season of the reality competition show Last Comic Standing.

In 2007, he starred in the film Super High Me, a documentary about marijuana usage. He has also acted in small roles in numerous TV shows, including Trailer Park Boys and You're the Worst, as well as several films, including serving as the voice of Bane in The Lego Batman Movie.
NGC 502
NGC 502, also occasionally referred to as PGC 5034 or UGC 922, is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Pisces. It is located approximately 113 million light-years from the Solar System and was discovered on 25 September 1862 by German astronomer Heinrich Louis d'Arrest.
When the Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies was published between 1962 and 1974, the identifications of NGC 502 and NGC 505 were reversed. In reality, NGC 502 is equal to MGC +01-04-041 and not MCG +01-04-043 as noted in the catalogue.

Pisces (constellation)
Pisces  is a constellation of the zodiac. Its vast bulk — and main asterism viewed in most European cultures per Greco-Roman antiquity as a distant pair of fishes connected by one cord each that join at an apex — are in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its traditional astrological symbol is  (♓︎). Its name is Latin for "fishes". It is between Aquarius, of similar size, to the southwest and Aries, which is smaller, to the east. The ecliptic and the celestial equator intersect within this constellation, at the first point of Aries, and in Virgo, at the first point of Libra. The Sun passes directly overhead of the equator, on average, at approximately this point in the sky, at the March equinox.

The right ascension/declination 00 is located within the boundaries of Pisces.
Flaris LAR01
Flaris LAR01, also variously called the LAR 1 and LAR-1, is a Polish five-seat very light jet, currently under development by Metal-Master of Jelenia Góra. It is the only single-engined very light jet currently being developed by a non-American aircraft manufacturer.

The programme was publicly unveiled at the 2013 Paris Air Show, and has been promoted to private owner-operators and corporate customers, as well as commercial operators. Originally intended to perform its maiden flight as early as 2013, the prototype first flew on 5 April 2019.

Very light jet
A very light jet (VLJ), entry-level jet or personal jet, previously known as a microjet, is a category of small business jets that seat four to eight people. VLJs are considered the lightest business jets and are approved for single-pilot operation.
Tsuruki Kofun Cluster
Tsuruki Kofun Cluster (綴喜古墳群) is a Kofun cluster located in the Ōsumi-Hachiōji neighborhood of the city of Kyōtanabe, Kyoto in the Kansai region of Japan.

It is dominated by Ōsumi Kurumazuka Kofun (大住車塚古墳)  a Kofun period keyhole-shaped burial mound. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1974.

The Ōsumi Minamizuka Kofun to the west has the same shape and size, but is not part of the National Historic Site designation. On November 10, 2022, the Yahatanishi Kurumazuka Kofun (八幡西車塚古墳), Tenriyama Kofun Cluster (天理山古墳群), and the Iioka Kurumazuka Kofun (飯岡車塚古墳) were additionally designated to the National Historic Site, and the name of the site was officially changed to the Tsuruki Kofun Cluster (綴喜古墳群).

Kofun
Kofun (古墳; from Sino-Japanese "ancient burial mound") are megalithic tombs or tumuli in Northeast Asia. Kofun were mainly constructed in the Japanese archipelago between the middle of the 3rd century to the early 7th century AD.

The term is the origin of the name of the Kofun period, which indicates the middle 3rd century to early–middle 6th century. Many kofun have distinctive keyhole-shaped mounds (zempō-kōen fun (前方後円墳)). The Mozu-Furuichi kofungun or tumulus clusters were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2019, while Ishibutai Kofun is one of a number in Asuka-Fujiwara residing on the Tentative List.
Sium Diau
Datuk Sium bin Diau (born 13 October 1935) is a Malaysian triple jumper. Diau was active in sport while he was young and focused in association football but would then practice mostly in the triple jump. Outside of sport, he would work as a primary school teacher. He and Gabuh Piging would represent North Borneo at the 1956 Summer Olympics for the protectorate's first and only appearance at a Summer Games.

Diau would compete in the qualifying round of the triple jump and would place 28th, not advancing the finals. He would retire after the Summer Games and continued working as a primary school teacher. In 2008, he would be awarded the title of Datuk due to his service in sport.

Gabuh Piging
Datuk Gabuh bin Piging P.G.D.K. (11 January 1932 – 31 August 2010) represented North Borneo in the triple jump at the 1956 Summer Olympics, he finished 24th. He later competed at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in the long jump and triple jump where he finished 10th in the latter.
BPST instanton
In theoretical physics, the BPST instanton is the instanton with winding number 1 found by Alexander Belavin, Alexander Polyakov, Albert Schwarz and Yu. S. Tyupkin. It is a classical solution to the equations of motion of SU(2) Yang–Mills theory in Euclidean space-time (i.e. after Wick rotation), meaning it describes a transition between two different topological vacua of the theory. It was originally hoped to open the path to solving the problem of confinement, especially since Polyakov had proven in 1975 that instantons are the cause of confinement in three-dimensional compact-QED. This hope was not realized, however.

Yang–Mills theory
Yang–Mills theory is a quantum field theory for nuclear binding devised by Chen Ning Yang and Robert Mills in 1953, as well as a generic term for the class of similar theories. The Yang–Mills theory is a gauge theory based on a special unitary group SU(n), or more generally any compact Lie group. A Yang–Mills theory seeks to describe the behavior of elementary particles using these non-abelian Lie groups and is at the core of the unification of the electromagnetic force and weak forces (i.e. U(1) × SU(2)) as well as quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force (based on SU(3)). Thus it forms the basis of the understanding of the Standard Model of particle physics.
Hammer (climbing)
Rock climbing hammers, also known as wall hammers, big wall hammers, Yosemite hammers, or aid hammers, are a type of specialty hammer used mainly  in aid climbing for the placement and removal of pitons, copper-heads, and circle-heads. They can also be used in the initial placement of fixed anchors (bolts) or the forceful removal of stuck free climbing protection.

Chouinard Climbing Hammer

Climbing hammer

Climbing equipment
Climbing equipment refers to a broad range of manufactured gear that is used in the activity or sport of climbing.

Notable groups include:

Alpine climbing equipment as is used in alpine climbing and mountaineering

Deep-water soloing equipment as is used in deep-water soloing

Ice climbing equipment as is used in ice climbing and in mixed climbing

Mixed climbing equipment as used in mixed climbing and in dry-tooling

Mountaineering equipment as is used in mountaineering and in alpine climbing

Rock-climbing equipment as is used in aid climbing, bouldering, competition climbing, free solo climbing, multi-pitch climbing (big wall climbing), rope solo climbing, sport climbing, traditional climbing and top rope climbing

Rope team equipment as used in glacier travel

Via Ferrata equipment as used in Via Ferrata climbing
Consonant gradation
Consonant gradation is a type of consonant mutation (mostly lenition but also assimilation) found in some Uralic languages, more specifically in the Finnic, Samic and Samoyedic branches. It originally arose as an allophonic alternation between open and closed syllables, but has become grammaticalised due to changes in the syllable structure of the languages affected.

Alternation (linguistics)
In linguistics, an alternation is the phenomenon of a morpheme exhibiting variation in its phonological realization. Each of the various realizations is called an alternant. The variation may be conditioned by the phonological, morphological, and/or syntactic environment in which the morpheme finds itself.

Alternations provide linguists with data that allow them to determine the allophones and allomorphs of a language's phonemes and morphemes and to develop analyses determining the distribution of those allophones and allomorphs.

The term "sound change" refers to diachronic changes, which occur in a language's sound system. On the other hand, "alternation" refers to changes that happen synchronically (within the language of an individual speaker, depending on the neighbouring sounds) and do not change the language's underlying system.
All Elite Wrestling casino matches
As part of a general theme, the American professional wrestling promotion All Elite Wrestling utilises various casino-themed matches: the Casino Battle Royale, a 21-man rumble-rules battle royal; the Casino Ladder Match, a nine-man ladder match where the prize – a large poker chip suspended above the ring – signifies a future AEW World Championship opportunity; and the Casino Gauntlet match, a gauntlet match where entrants gradually fill the ring and the first participant to score a pinfall or submission wins the gauntlet.

Battle royal (professional wrestling)
In professional wrestling, a battle royal (sometimes battle royale), is a multi-competitor match type in which wrestlers are eliminated until one is left and declared the winner. Typical battle royals begin with a number of participants in the ring, who are then eliminated by going over the top rope and having both feet touch the venue floor.
Sambandam
Sambandam was the traditional marriage practiced by Nambudiris, Nairs, Samanthan and Ambalavasis among their own communities as well as with each other, in Kerala, India.

"Sambandham" was derived from the Sanskrit words "Sama" meaning "equal" and "Bandham" meaning "alliance."

Ambalavasi
Ambalavasi, more properly Ampalavasi, (IAST: Ampalavāsi, IPA: [ɐmbɐlɐʋaːsi]; lit. 'temple-dwelling') is the generic name for a group of castes among Hindus in Kerala, India, who have traditionally rendered temple services.
Helle, Gulpen-Wittem
Helle is a hamlet in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Gulpen-Wittem, about 1 km south of the village of Mechelen.

Helle is not a statistical entity, and the postal authorities have placed it under Mechelen. It has no place signs and consists about 10 houses.

Mechelen, Netherlands
Mechelen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmɛxələ(n)]; Limburgish: Mechele [ˈmæxələ]) is a town in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is a part of the municipality of Gulpen-Wittem, and lies about 13 km south of Heerlen.
Shogran
Shogran (Hindko, Urdu: شوگراں) is a hill station situated on a plateau in the Kaghan Valley of Mansehra District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in northern Pakistan at a height of 2,362 metres (7,749 ft) above sea level. It has become a popular tourist attraction in recent decades.

Shogran is located 34 kilometres (21 mi) from Balakot. The road from Islamabad to the region measures 212 kilometres (132 mi). It is mainly populated during the summer.

Kaghan Valley
The Kaghan Valley (Hindko, Urdu: وادی کاغان) is an alpine valley in Mansehra District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The valley stretches 154 kilometres (96 mi) across the mountaineous northern Pakistan, rising from its lowest elevation of 650 m (2,134 ft) to its highest point at the Babusar Pass around 4,170 m (13,690 ft). Landslides triggered by the devastating 2005 Kashmir earthquake destroyed many passes leading into the valley, though roads have since been rebuilt. Kaghan is a popular tourist attraction in Pakistan.
BMW R12 and R17
The BMW R12 and R17 are flat-twin engine motorcycles made by BMW Motorrad from 1935 through 1942. They were developed in 1935 based on the R7 concept of 1934. A few hundred R17s were made, ending in 1937, while the R12 continued through 1942, with a total of 36,008 produced.

BMW Motorrad
BMW Motorrad is the motorcycle brand and division of German automotive manufacturer, BMW. It has produced motorcycles since 1923, and achieved record sales for the fifth year in succession in 2015. With a total of 136,963 vehicles sold in 2015, BMW registered a growth of 10.9%  in sales in comparison with 2014.
In May 2011, the 2,000,000th motorcycle produced by BMW Motorrad was an R1200GS.
Ronnie Mann
Ronnie Mann (born 12 October 1986) is an English professional mixed martial artist who competes in the featherweight division. A professional competitor from 2003 to 2017, Mann has mostly fought in England and Japan. Mann is a veteran of the former top English organisation Cage Rage Championships and was a quarterfinalist in the Sengoku Featherweight Grand Prix in 2009, losing to Hatsu Hioki.

Hatsu Hioki
Hatsu Hioki (Japanese: 日沖発, Hioki Hatsu) (Japanese pronunciation: [çioki hatsɯ], born July 18, 1983) is a Japanese former professional mixed martial artist competing in the featherweight division. He is the former Shooto Lightweight Champion, Sengoku Featherweight Champion, and TKO Featherweight Champion.  Hioki is a long time Shooto veteran and has fought most of his fights in Japanese promotions including the largest mixed martial arts organization at the time, Pride Fighting Championships.
Patrick Clawson
Patrick Lyell Clawson (born March 30, 1951) is an American economist and Middle East scholar. He is currently the Director for Research at The Washington Institute for Near East Policy and senior editor of Middle East Quarterly.

Middle East Forum
The Middle East Forum (MEF) is an American conservative 501(c)(3) think tank founded in 1990 by Daniel Pipes, who now serves as its chairman. Gregg Roman serves as director of the forum. MEF became an independent non-profit organization in 1994. It publishes a journal, the Middle East Quarterly.
Killarney GAA
GAA Killarney are a former Football and Hurling Divisional Team in County Kerry, Ireland and composed of players from the Dr Crokes and Legion clubs. They have won 2 Kerry Senior Football Championships in 1949 and 1983 and 1 Kerry Senior Hurling Championship in 1969 and were beaten in the final in 1951.

Dr Crokes GAA
Dr Crokes is a Gaelic football and hurling club based in Killarney in County Kerry, Ireland. Notable players include Colm Cooper, Eoin Brosnan, Johnny Buckley and Tony Brosnan.

Founded in 1886, the club's successes include the capture of the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship in 1992 and 2017. The club has won the Munster Club Championship on eight occasions - 1991, 1992, 2006, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2016 and 2018. The club has won the Kerry Senior Football Championship on fourteen occasions, most recently in the 2024 Kerry Senior Football Championship.

Dr Crokes is the only club in Killarney with a hurling team, which has won the Kerry Intermediate Hurling Championship in 1999 and 2001.
Hidden headlamp
Hidden headlamps, also commonly known as pop-up headlamps, pop-up headlights, flip-eye headlamps, or hideaway headlights, are a form of automotive lighting and an automotive styling feature that conceals an automobile's headlamps when they are not in use.

Depending on the design, the headlamps may be mounted in a housing that rotates so as to sit flush with the front end as on the Lamborghini Miura or Porsche 928, may retract into the hood and/or fenders as on the 1963–2004 Chevrolet Corvette, or may be concealed behind retractable or rotating grille panels as on the 1966-1970 Dodge Charger, 1970-1971 Mercury Cyclone, or the 1965 Buick Riviera.

Headlamp
A headlamp is a lamp attached to the front of a vehicle to illuminate the road ahead. Headlamps are also often called headlights, but in the most precise usage, headlamp is the term for the device itself and headlight is the term for the beam of light produced and distributed by the device.

Headlamp performance has steadily improved throughout the automobile age, spurred by the great disparity between daytime and nighttime traffic fatalities: the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration states that nearly half of all traffic-related fatalities occur in the dark, despite only 25% of traffic travelling during darkness.

Other vehicles, such as trains and aircraft, are required to have headlamps. Bicycle headlamps are often used on bicycles, and are required in some jurisdictions. They can be powered by a battery or a small generator like a bottle or hub dynamo.
Tamara Khanum
Tamara Khanum (March 16, 1906 [O.S. March 29] – June 30, 1991, born Tamara Artyemi Petrosyan) was an Uzbek-Soviet dancer, singer, actress, and choreographer. She was honored as a People's Artist of the USSR in 1956 and received the Stalin Prize, second degree, in 1941.

People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to artists of the Soviet Union. The term is confusingly used to translate two Russian language titles: Народный артист СССР (Narodny artist SSSR), awarded in performing arts and Народный художник СССР (Narodny khudozhnik SSSR), granted in some visual arts.

As those titles were granted by the government, honorees were afforded certain privileges and would often receive commissions from the Minister of Culture of the Soviet Union. Accordingly, artists and authors who expressed criticism of the Communist Party were seldom granted such recognition, if not outright censored. Each Soviet Republic, as well as the Autonomous Republics (ASSRs), had a similar award that would be held previously by virtually every receiver of the higher title of People's Artist of the USSR.
Running man (dance)
The running man is a street dance, consisting of "shuffling" and sliding steps, imitating a stationary runner. The dancer takes steps forward, then slides the foot placed in front backwards almost immediately, while moving their fists forwards and back horizontally in front of them. The fad dance was said to have been started in the mid-1980s.

Notable practitioners of the dance were MC Hammer, Janet Jackson, Five Star, Selena, Milli Vanilli, and Vanilla Ice during their live concert shows and in music videos.  According to Janet, Paula Abdul learned and then taught her the dance. Abdul also choreographed the 1987 film The Running Man. Jackson further popularized the dance, when she performed it in her 1989 music video "Rhythm Nation".

Dance crazes
Novelty and fad dances are dances which are typically characterized by a short burst of popularity. Some of them, like the Twist, Y.M.C.A. and the Hokey Pokey, have shown much longer-lasting popularity. They are also called dance fads or dance crazes.