hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patryk Czarnowski
Patryk Czarnowski, (born 1 November 1985) is a Polish former volleyball player. He was part of the Polish national team in 2010–2011, silver medallist at the 2011 World Cup, three–time Polish Champion (2016, 2017, 2018).

2016–17 PlusLiga
The 2016–17 PlusLiga was the 81st season of the Polish Volleyball Championship, the 17th season as a professional league organized by the Professional Volleyball League SA (Polish: Profesjonalna Liga Piłki Siatkowej SA) under the supervision of the Polish Volleyball Federation (Polish: Polski Związek Piłki Siatkowej).

The number of teams competing this season was increased to 16.

ZAKSA Kędzierzyn-Koźle won their 7th title of the Polish Champions.
Gennaro Sangiuliano
Gennaro Sangiuliano (born 6 June 1962) is an Italian journalist, writer, and politician who served as Minister of Culture in the Meloni Cabinet. He was the director of the Roma newspaper in Naples from 1996 to 2001 and of TG2 from 2018 to 2022, as well as the deputy director of the Libero newspaper and of TG1 from 2009 to 2018.

Minister of Culture (Italy)
The minister of culture (Italian: ministro della cultura) leads the Ministry of Culture. The list shows also the ministers that served under the same office but with other names, in fact this ministry has changed name many times.

The current minister is Alessandro Giuli, who is serving since 6 September 2024 in the government of Giorgia Meloni. The longest-serving minister of culture is Dario Franceschini, of the Democratic Party.
Isaak Kikoin
Isaak Konstantinovich (Kushelevich) Kikoin (Russian: Исаак Константинович (Кушелевич) Кикоин; 28 March 1908 – 28 December 1984), D.N., was a Soviet physicist and an author of physics textbooks in Russian language who played an important role in the Soviet nuclear weapons program.: 27

Doctor of Sciences
A Doctor of Sciences is a higher doctoral degree that was awarded in the Russian Empire, the Soviet Union and many Commonwealth of Independent States countries. It is currently awarded in some post-soviet nations, particularly Russia and Belarus. One of the prerequisites for receiving a Doctor of Sciences degree is obtaining a PhD-equivalent Candidate of Sciences degree. In addition, the Doctor of Sciences conferral also requires applicants to demonstrate significant and outstanding contributions to their research field. This degree is generally regarded as recognition for a lifetime of academic achievements rather than an ordinary academic degree achieved through courses and theses.
Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park
Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park (Thai: อุทยานแห่งชาติภูหินร่องกล้า, RTGS: Utthayan Haeng Chat Phu Hin Rong Kla) is a national park located in the Loei and Phitsanulok Provinces of Thailand. The protected area is located in the forested mountains of the Luang Prabang Range close to the border with Laos and is part of the Luang Prabang montane rain forests ecoregion. The park was the base of operations of the long fight of Thai combatant in communist war of Thailand.

Loei province
Loei (Thai: เลย, pronounced [lɤ̄ːj]), is one of the more sparsely populated provinces (changwat) of Thailand. It lies in the Isan region of upper northeastern Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from east clockwise) Nong Khai, Udon Thani, Nong Bua Lamphu, Khon Kaen, Phetchabun, and Phitsanulok. In the north it borders Xaignabouli and Vientiane province of Laos.

As of 2020, the provincial governor is Chaiwat Chuenkosum. The province was allocated 225.6 million baht in the FY2019 Thailand budget.
Jade Clarke
Jade Bridget Clarke MBE (born 17 October 1983 in Manchester, England) is an English netball player. Primarily a midcourt defender, Clarke was selected for the England national netball team in 2002, making her senior debut the following year against New Zealand. During her international career, she has competed at six Netball World Cups/Championships (2003, 2007, 2011, 2015, 2019 and 2023), four Commonwealth Games (2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018), and the 2009 and 2011 World Netball Series.

She is England's most-capped player and the most-capped player for a single country.

Netball at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
Netball was one of the ten core sports at the 2018 Commonwealth Games, which was held on the Gold Coast in Australia. This was the sixth staging of netball at the Commonwealth Games since its inclusion in 1998, and the second time the netball event was held in Australia.

The competition took place between 5 and 15 April 2018. Preliminary matches were held at the Gold Coast Convention and Exhibition Centre, with finals matches held at the Coomera Indoor Sports Centre. A total of 144 athletes from 12 nations participated in the tournament.
West Virginia Route 705
West Virginia Route 705 is a short east–west state highway partially located within the Monongalia County city of Morgantown in the U.S. state of West Virginia. The western terminus of the route is at U.S. Route 19 and West Virginia Route 7, directly in front of the WVU Coliseum. The eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 119 near the Morgantown Municipal Airport.  The route is major road in northern Morgantown.  It is maintained by the West Virginia Department of Transportation.

U.S. Route 119
U.S. Route 119 (US 119) is a spur of US 19. It is a north–south route (on a northeast–southwest alignment) that was an original United States highway of 1926. It is Corridor G of the Appalachian Development Highway System (ADHS) east of US 23 and KY 80 in Kentucky to Interstate 64 at Charleston, West Virginia. It is the longest road in West Virginia, traveling a distance of 279 miles (449 km) through the state.
1906 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1906 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1906. Incumbent Republican Governor Curtis Guild Jr. was re-elected for a second one-year term, defeating Suffolk District Attorney John B. Moran.

Suffolk County, Massachusetts
Suffolk County (/ˈsʌfək/ SUF-ək) is located in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 797,936, making it the fourth-most populous county in Massachusetts. The county comprises the cities of Boston, Chelsea, and Revere, and the town of Winthrop. The traditional county seat is Boston, the state capital and the largest city in Massachusetts. The county government was abolished in 1999, resulting in Suffolk County now functioning only as an administrative subdivision of state government and a set of communities grouped together for some statistical purposes. Suffolk County is located at the core of the Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the greater Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT Combined Statistical Area.
Les Mariés de la tour Eiffel
Les Mariés de la tour Eiffel (The Wedding Party on the Eiffel Tower) is a ballet to a libretto by Jean Cocteau, choreography by Jean Börlin, set by Irène Lagut, costumes by Jean Hugo, and music by five members of Les Six: Georges Auric, Arthur Honegger, Darius Milhaud, Francis Poulenc and Germaine Tailleferre.  The score calls for two narrators. The ballet was first performed in Paris in 1921.

Darius Milhaud
Darius Milhaud (French: [daʁjys mijo], Provençal: [miˈjawt]; 4 September 1892 – 22 June 1974) was a French composer, conductor, and teacher. He was a member of Les Six—The Group of Six—and one of the most prolific composers of the 20th century. His compositions are influenced by jazz and Brazilian music and make extensive use of polytonality. Milhaud is considered one of the key modernist composers. He taught many future jazz and classical composers, including Burt Bacharach, Dave Brubeck, Philip Glass, Steve Reich, György Kurtág, Karlheinz Stockhausen and Iannis Xenakis among others.
Geography of Rosario
Rosario is the largest city of the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, and the third most populous in the country, after Córdoba and Buenos Aires. It is located about 300 km (190 mi) north of Buenos Aires, on the Western shore of the Paraná River, and it has about 910,000 inhabitants. It is surrounded by smaller cities and towns that form a metropolitan area (Greater Rosario) with a population of about 1.2 million according to the 2001 census [INDEC].

Provinces of Argentina
Argentina has 23 provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires, which serves as the federal capital, as determined by Congress.

The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions and exist under a federal system.
Big dynorphin
Big dynorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide of the dynorphin family. It forms when a precursor protein prodynorphin is not fully processed, resulting in a 32-amino acid molecule containing both dynorphin A and dynorphin B sequences. It has the amino acid sequence: Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys-Trp-Asp-Asn-Gln-Lys-Arg-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Gln-Phe-Lys-Val-Val-Thr.

Big dynorphin is a highly efficiacious principal endogenous agonist at the human κ-opioid receptor (KOR). It produces one of the strongest responses at GPR139 receptor among dynorphins. Additionally, it uniquely modulates NMDA receptor and potentiates acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a).

It plays a role in pain and stress responses. It exhibits both anelgesic and pro-nociceptive properties. In mice it modulates memory and learning, and has anxiolytic properties, contributing to homeostatic regulation of opioid signaling in the central nervous system.

N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid
N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), is an amino acid derivative that acts as a specific agonist at the NMDA receptor mimicking the action of glutamate, the neurotransmitter which normally acts at that receptor. Unlike glutamate, NMDA only binds to and regulates the NMDA receptor and has no effect on other glutamate receptors (such as those for AMPA and kainate).  NMDA receptors are particularly important when they become overactive during, for example, alcohol withdrawal, as this causes symptoms such as agitation and, sometimes, epileptiform seizures.
Narputta Nangala
Narputta Nangala Jugadai (1933–2010) was an Aboriginal Australian artist born at Karrkurutinytja, who later lived at Haasts Bluff (Ikuntji) in the Northern Territory. Her language group was Pintupi/Pitjantjatjara, and her Dreaming was "Snake", "Jangala, Two Men" and "Two Women". She was a senior artist in her community at Ikuntji and prominent among the Ikuntji Women's Centre (later Ikuntji Artists) painters. She was the wife of  the painter, Timmy Tjungurrayi Jugadai, and mother of Daisy Jugadai Napaltjarri and Molly Jugadai Napaltjarri.

DACS represents Narputta Nangala with respect to copyright licensing.

Haasts Bluff, Northern Territory
Haasts Bluff, also known as Ikuntji, is an Aboriginal Australian community in Central Australia, a region of the Northern Territory. The community is located in the MacDonnell Shire local government area, 227 kilometres (141 mi) west of Alice Springs. At the 2006 census, the community, including outstations, had a population of 207.
Timrå Isstadion
Timrå Isstadion, currently known as SCA Arena and formerly known as NHC Arena, NHK Arena, E.ON Arena, Sydkraft Arena for sponsorship reasons, is an indoor sporting arena located in Timrå, Västernorrland County, Sweden. Construction began in 1964 and was inaugurated on 4 September 1966. Since then the venue has undergone several renovations and expansions. It is home arena of the SHL ice hockey team Timrå IK. Current capacity is 6,000.

Timrå Municipality
Timrå Municipality (Swedish: Timrå kommun) is a municipality in Västernorrland County, Sweden. The town of Timrå is the municipal seat.

The rural municipality Timrå was made a market town (köping) in 1947. The present municipality was created in 1971 when Timrå was amalgamated with Hässjö.
Fateh Mobin
The Fateh Mobin is an Iranian single-stage solid propelled Terminal Infrared homing dual surface-to-surface and anti-ship short-range ballistic missile. It was first unveiled on a military parade in Tehran on 13 August 2018 two days after American media reported it. It is an upgraded version of the Fateh-110 with better guidance. The Iranians plan on using its guidance systems on the Zolfaghar SRBM which some sources suggest does have a poor guidance system.

Terminal guidance
In the field of weaponry, terminal guidance refers to any guidance system that is primarily or solely active during the "terminal phase", just before the weapon impacts its target. The term is generally used in reference to missile guidance systems, and specifically to missiles that use more than one guidance system through the missile's flight.

Common examples include long-range air-to-air missiles that use semi-active radar homing (SARH) during most of the missile's flight, and then use an infrared seeker or active radar homing once they approach their target. Similar examples include surface-to-air missiles, anti-ballistic missiles, and some anti-tank missiles.
Prahaladapuram
Prahaladapuram is a suburban area in Visakhapatnam city under Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation of Pendurthi in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located 14 km Nomet from Visakhapatnam city center.

Vepagunta is the head post office and postal pin code is 530047.

Pendurthi
Pendurthi is a neighbourhood in the city of Visakhapatnam, India. The neighbourhood is considered as the major residential and commercial area in the city. It is located within the jurisdiction of the Greater Visakhapatnam Municipal Corporation, which is responsible for the civic amenities in Pendurthi. It is located on the west fringe of Visakhapatnam city. Pendurthi is one of the peaceful neighborhoods of Western Vizag. The pincode of Pendurthi is 531173.,It has Omlette chat which is unique item in entire country
Pizza-La
Pizza-La (ピザーラ, Pizāra) is a Japanese pizza delivery chain. It is the second largest pizza chain in Japan, after Domino's Pizza. The company has its headquarters in the Zenkaren Building (全菓連ビル, Zenkaren Biru) in Minami Aoyama, Minato, Tokyo. The name of the company was created by combining the words "pizza" and "Godzilla".

The company's slogan is "All the taste and toppings you want on a pizza, straight from our oven to your door!" Their mascot is Pizza-La-kun.

Domino's
Domino's IP Holder LLC is an American multinational pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960. The corporation is Delaware-domiciled and headquartered at the Domino's Farms office park in Ann Arbor Township, near Ann Arbor, Michigan. As of 2018, Domino's had approximately 15,000 stores, with 5,649 in the United States, 1,500 in India, and 1,249 in the United Kingdom. Domino's has stores in more than 83 countries and 5,701 cities worldwide.
Derivative test
In calculus, a derivative test uses the derivatives of a function to locate the critical points of a function and determine whether each point is a local maximum, a local minimum, or a saddle point. Derivative tests can also give information about the concavity of a function.

The usefulness of derivatives to find extrema is proved mathematically by Fermat's theorem of stationary points.

Concave function
In mathematics, a concave function is one for which the function value at any convex combination of elements in the domain is greater than or equal to that convex combination of those domain elements. Equivalently, a concave function is any function for which the hypograph is convex. The class of concave functions is in a sense the opposite of the class of convex functions. A concave function is also synonymously called concave downwards, concave down, convex upwards, convex cap, or upper convex.
Heinz Hofschneider
Heinz Sablan Hofschneider (born July 1, 1957) is a politician from the Northern Mariana Islands. Hofschneider served as the Speaker of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives from 2002 to 2004 and is a four-time candidate for Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands.

Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives
The Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives is the lower house of the Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Legislature.

In the 2007 election cycle, the CNMI House membership was increased from 18 to 20. Representatives serve two-year terms and are elected from seven election districts:

District 1: Saipan (6 seats)

District 2: Saipan (2 seats)

District 3: Saipan & the Northern Islands (6 seats)

District 4: Saipan (2 seats)

District 5: Saipan (2 seats)

District 6: Tinian (1 seat)

District 7: Rota & Aguiguan (1 seat)

The Speaker of the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives is chosen by the House from among its members.
Battle of Ain Dara
The Battle of Ain Dara occurred in the village of Ain Dara, in Mount Lebanon in 1711, between the Qaysi and Yamani, two rival tribo-political factions.

The Qays were led by Emir Haydar of the Shihab dynasty and consisted of the Druze clans of Jumblatt, Imad, Nakad Talhuq, and Abd al-Malik and the Maronite clan of Khazen. The Yamani faction was led by Mahmoud Abu Harmoush and consisted of the Druze Alam al-Din, Arslan and Sawaf clans. The Yamani faction also had backing from the Ottoman provincial authorities of Sidon and Damascus.

The battle ended in a rout of the Yamani faction and resulted in the consolidation of Qaysi political and fiscal domination over Mount Lebanon. The battle's outcome also precipitated a mass migration of pro-Yamani Druze nobility and peasants from Mount Lebanon to the eastern Hauran, in a mountainous area today known as Jabal al-Druze, solidifying the Maronite Christian population as the predominant populace in Mount Lebanon.

Damascus Eyalet
Damascus Eyalet (Arabic: إيالة دمشق; Ottoman Turkish: ایالت شام, romanized: Eyālet-i Šām) was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire. Its reported area in the 19th century was 51,900 square kilometres (20,020 sq mi). It became an eyalet after the Ottomans took it from the Mamluks following the 1516–1517 Ottoman–Mamluk War. Janbirdi al-Ghazali, a Mamluk traitor, was made the first beylerbey of Damascus. The Damascus Eyalet was one of the first Ottoman provinces to become a vilayet after an administrative reform in 1865, and by 1867 it had been reformed into the Syria Vilayet.
New Cut, Bristol
The New Cut is an artificial waterway which was constructed between 1804 and 1809 to divert the tidal river Avon through south and east Bristol, England. This was part of the process of constructing Bristol's Floating Harbour, under the supervision of engineer William Jessop. The cut runs from Totterdown Basin at the eastern end of St Phillip's Marsh, near Temple Meads, to the Underfall sluices at Rownham in Hotwells and rejoining the original course of the tidal Avon.

The length of the cut is approximately 1.8 miles (2.9 km) and with the addition of short sections of the original course of the river Avon at either end, connecting Netham weir and Totterdown basin, and the Underfall sluices to the mouth of the Entrance lock at Cumberland Basin, the overall watercourse length is 3.2 miles (5.1 km). No ships have navigated the cut on a regular basis since the 1930s, but it is still possible for boats to proceed as far as Netham weir with care.

St Philip's Marsh
St Philip's Marsh is an industrial inner suburb of Bristol, England. It is bounded by River Avon and Harbour feeder canal making it an almost island area.

The site is home of Avonmeads Retail Park, a large retail and leisure park with Showcase Cinemas and a Hollywood Bowl ten-pin bowling centre among its tenants. It was extensively redeveloped in the 15 years to 2007. There is very little housing in the area making it almost deserted at night, and other than the retail area it does contain one shop, pub, takeaway and Sparke Evans Park.

A major road, St Philips Causeway, links the area to the A4 road in south east Bristol and junction 3 of the M32 motorway. It forms a prominent landmark as it is elevated over the feeder canal and railways on a viaduct that was built in the early 1990s.
Giniwara
Giniwara is a village in the Sindhanur taluk of Raichur district in the Indian state of Karnataka. Giniwara is located near to stream joining Tungabhadra river. Giniwara lies on Sindhanur-Olaballari route.

Olaballari
Olaballari also known as Valaballari is a village in the Sindhanur taluk of Raichur district in Karnataka state, India. This village is located on the banks of Tungabhadra river.  Olaballari is one of the holy place. Olaballari is 30 km from sindhanur.
Jason Gesser
Jason John Gesser (born May 31, 1979) is an American college football former player and assistant athletic director who is currently the offensive coordinator at Seton Catholic High School in Vancouver, Washington. He played quarterback for Washington State Cougars, Utah Blaze of the Arena Football League (AFL), Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League (CFL), and the Tennessee Titans of the National Football League (NFL). After his playing career ended, Gesser went into coaching. In 2012 he was the interim head coach of the Idaho Vandals. From 2014 to 2018 he was the assistant athletic director at Washington State.

Washington State Cougars football
The Washington State Cougars football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Washington State University, located in Pullman, Washington. The team competes at the NCAA Division I level in the FBS and is a member of the Pac-12 Conference (Pac-12) Known as the Cougars, the first football team was fielded in 1894.

The Cougars play home games on campus at Martin Stadium, which opened in 1972; the site dates back to 1892 as Soldier Field and was renamed Rogers Field ten years later. Its present seating capacity is 35,117. Their main rivals are the Washington Huskies; the teams historically end the regular season with the Apple Cup rivalry game in late November but that is no longer the case with the Washington Huskies joining the Big Ten.
Grant Road (Los Alamos, New Mexico)
The Grant Road in Los Alamos, New Mexico, known today as Dot Grant Trail, and also New Mexico Laboratory of Anthropology Trail # 89103, is a historic wagon road, now a hiking trail, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. The trail was named for Ottie Oman "Dot" Grant, an Anglo homestead owner originally from Colorado who had bought an existing Hispanic homestead to support his agricultural lifestyle year round.

The Grant historic wagon trail was part of a system of roads and trails used for transportation and horses on the Pajarito Plateau of Northern New Mexico. The terrain is rugged and remote. There were ten historic roads in the area including the Grant Road which served the Grant Farm, and connected with two other major access roads on Pajarito Plateau.

The trail is used now as a hiking and mountain biking trail. The soft tuff underlying the trail is still deeply rutted from years of wagon use.

Los Alamos, New Mexico
Los Alamos (Spanish: Los Álamos, meaning 'The Poplars') is a census-designated place in Los Alamos County, New Mexico, United States, that is recognized as one of the development and creation places of the atomic bomb—the primary objective of the Manhattan Project by Los Alamos National Laboratory during World War II. The town is on four mesas of the Pajarito Plateau, and had a population of about 13,200 as of 2020. It is the county seat and one of two population centers in Los Alamos County; the other is White Rock.