hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philip Shirley
Philip Hammond Shirley (1912–1998) was a businessman, who held senior positions with the British Transport Commission, British Rail Board and Cunard in the United Kingdom and the Public Transport Commission in Australia.

British Railways Board
The British Railways Board (BRB) was a nationalised industry in the United Kingdom that operated from 1963 to 2001. Until 1997, it was responsible for most railway services in Great Britain, trading under the brand name British Railways and, from 1965, British Rail. It did not operate railways in Northern Ireland, where railways were the responsibility of the Government of Northern Ireland.

It is a statutory corporation, which when operating consisted of a chairman and nine to fifteen other members appointed by the Secretary of State for Transport. The Board, now reduced to a minimum membership of a chairman and one other member, continues to exist to hold the French law benefits and obligations of the Channel Tunnel Rail Usage Contract.
Zuqaq al-Sarai
Zuqaq al-Sarai (Arabic: زقاق السراي), also known as al-Sarai Street (Arabic: شارع السراي), is an old street in Baghdad, Iraq, adjacent to al-Mutanabbi Street. The street is notable for holding the site of many Ottoman administration buildings, and cultural and historical locations.

The area and its various buildings are all listed of a tentative UNESCO World Heritage Site list as an example of the diverse and rich cultural heritage of Baghdad.

Mutanabbi Street
Al-Mutanabbi Street (Arabic: شارع المتنبي) is located in Baghdad, Iraq, near the old quarter of Baghdad; at al-Rashid Street. The street is the historic center of Baghdad bookselling, a street filled with bookstores and outdoor book stalls. Named after the classical Iraqi poet al‑Mutanabbi, the street has been referred to as the heart and soul of the Baghdad intelligentsia.

Al-Mutanabbi Street is considered the most famous street in all of Iraq due to its ancient history and community. The Street is crowded from the early hours of the morning until late at night with visitors including poets, writers, artists and students as well as tourists from all over the world.
Qixiaying railway station
Qixiaying railway station (simplified Chinese: 旗下营站) is a fourth-class railway station located in Fushengzhuang Township, Zhuozi County, Ulanqab City, Inner Mongolia, China(40.97496° N, 112.146° E). It is part of the Beijing–Baotou railway or Jingbao Railway, specifically on the Jining–Baotou section. The station was established in 1923 and is managed by the Jining Railway Operation Division under the Hohhot Railway Bureau. The station and its adjacent stations are electrified.

Beijing–Baotou railway
The Beijing–Baotou railway or Jingbao railway (simplified Chinese: 京包铁路; traditional Chinese: 京包鐵路; pinyin: Jīngbāo Tiělù) is an 833 km (518 mi) railway from Beijing to Baotou, Inner Mongolia, functioning as an important route in North China. It was the first railway in China designed and built by Chinese. It passes through a famous section of the Great Wall at Badaling. It is now largely paralleled with Beijing–Zhangjiakou intercity railway and Zhangjiakou–Hohhot high-speed railway.

In 2019, with the opening of the Beijing–Zhangjiakou intercity railway, the Beijing–Baotou railway adjusted the mileage. The ordinary-speed line from Changping to Shahe was merged into the Shuangqiao–Shahe Railway (Beijing Northeast Ring railway). The actual starting point of the Beijing–Baotou railway was shortened to the south side of Changping, the section from Changping to Beijing North is considered part of Beijing–Zhangjiakou intercity railway.
Tell Suleimah
Tell Suleimah (also Tell Suleimeh, Tell Sleima, Tell Sleimah, Tell as-Suleimeh, Tell Sulaimah, Tell as-Sulaima, and Tell Sulayma) is an ancient Near East archaeological site in Diyala Governorate (Iraq), lying about one kilometer east of the Diyala river and about 50 kilometers northeast of ancient Eshnunna. It was examined as part of the Hamrin Dam salvage excavation (as Hamrin #12) before it flooded. Other sites a part of that rescue excavation included, Me-Turan, Tell Gubah, Tell Songor, Tellul Hamediyat, Tell Rubeidheh, Tell Madhur, Tell Imlihiye, Tell Rashid, Tell Saadiya and Tell Abada. Tell Suleimah was the largest site in the innundation area.

Eshnunna
Eshnunna (Ešnunna, also Ašnunna, Išnun, Ašnun, Ašnunnak, and Ešnunak.) (modern Tell Asmar in Diyala Governorate, Iraq) was an ancient Sumerian (and later Akkadian) city and city-state in central Mesopotamia 12.6 miles northwest of Tell Agrab and 15 miles northwest of Tell Ishchali. Although situated in the Diyala Valley northwest of Sumer proper, the city nonetheless belonged securely within the Sumerian cultural milieu. It is sometimes, in very early archaeological papers, called Ashnunnak or Tupliaš.

The tutelary deity of the city was Tishpak (Tišpak) though other gods, including Sin, Adad, and Inanna of Kiti (Kitītum) were also worshiped there. The personal goddesses of the rulers were Belet-Šuḫnir and Belet-Terraban.
LB&SCR E2 class
The London, Brighton and South Coast Railway (LB&SCR) E2 class was a class of ten 0-6-0T steam locomotives designed by Lawson Billinton, generally employed for shunting, piloting duties in London termininal and local goods trains.

Introduced in 1913, the E2 class were the first of Billinton's own designs for the LB&SCR, built to replace some of the early Stroudley E1 goods engines. With the advantage of improved boiler feeds the E2 class were less restricted in their activities than the E1 class. However, the first five members of the class suffered from inadequate water capacity.

LB&SCR E3 class
The London, Brighton and South Coast Railway E3 class were 0-6-2T side tank steam locomotives. One prototype was designed by William Stroudley shortly before his death, but was completed by R. J. Billinton, who later built sixteen further locomotives.
George Uglow Pope
George Uglow Pope (24 April 1820 – 11 February 1908), or G. U. Pope, was an Anglican Christian missionary and Tamil scholar who spent 40 years in Tamil Nadu and translated many Tamil texts into English. His popular translations included those of the Tirukkural and Thiruvasagam.

He later took to teaching, running his own school in Ootacamund (now Ooty) for while and then moving to head the Bishop Cotton Boys' School in Bangalore and after returning to England worked as a Lecturer at Balliol College, Oxford. A statue on the Chennai beach recognizes him for his contribution to the understanding and promotion of the Tamil language.

Ooty
Ooty (Tamil: [uːʈ(ː)i] ⓘ; officially Udagamandalam (Tamil: [uðɐhɐmɐɳɖɐlɐm]), anglicized: Ootacamund listenⓘ, abbreviated as Udagai, Tamil: [uðɐhɐi]) is a town and municipality in the Nilgiris district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located 86 km (53 mi) northwest of Coimbatore, and is the headquarters of Nilgiris district. Situated in the Nilgiri hills, it is known by the epithet "King of all the Hill Stations", and is a popular tourist destination.

Originally occupied by the Toda people, the area came under the rule of the East India Company in the 18th century. It later served as the summer capital of Madras Presidency. The economy is based on the hospitality industry serving tourism and agriculture. The town is connected to the plains by the Nilgiri ghat roads and Nilgiri Mountain Railway.
Arthur Gray (philatelist)
Arthur William Sinclair Gray FRPS (14 April 1939 – 22 May 2015) was an Australian philatelist known for his collection of pre-decimal Australian stamps, particularly the "kangaroo and map" issues. A collector from a young age, a successful business career gave him the means to build a gold medal winning collection through determined auction bidding in which he hated to be unsuccessful. He was active in organised philately being a fellow of several philatelic societies and was a leading figure in the purchase of the Brusden-White philatelic business. The sale of his kangaroo and map stamps at auction in 2007 was a complete sell-out and achieved a world record price for a single Australian stamp.

Philately
Philately (/fɪˈlætəli/; fih-LAT-ə-lee) is the study of postage stamps and postal history. It also refers to the collection and appreciation of stamps and other philatelic products. While closely associated with stamp collecting and the study of postage, it is possible to be a philatelist without owning any stamps. For instance, the stamps being studied may be very rare or reside only in museums.
UK City of Culture 2025 bids
The bidding process for UK City of Culture 2025 was the process to award the designation UK City of Culture to a city or area in the United Kingdom, in which the winner hosts cultural festivities through culture-led regeneration throughout 2025. The title is awarded by the UK Government's Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS). The 2025 City of Culture is the fourth city to hold the title since the programme began in 2013, following those of Derry~Londonderry, Hull, and Coventry. The competition for the 2025 holder was launched on 29 May 2021, with the deadline to submit bids being 19 July 2021. On 18 March 2022, Bradford, County Durham, Southampton and Wrexham County Borough were the last four shortlisted bids in the competition. On 31 May 2022, Bradford was announced as the winning bid, with the three runners-up receiving £125,000, the first time the runners-up receive a prize.

County Durham (district)
County Durham is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of County Durham, England. It is governed by Durham County Council. The district has an area of 2,226 square kilometres (859 sq mi), and contains 135 civil parishes. It forms part of the larger ceremonial county of Durham, together with boroughs of Darlington, Hartlepool, and the part of Stockton-on-Tees north of the River Tees.
Thomas Rotherham
Thomas Rotherham (24 August 1423 – 29 May 1500), also known as Thomas (Scot) de Rotherham, was an English cleric and statesman. He served as bishop of several dioceses, most notably as Archbishop of York and, on two occasions as Lord Chancellor. He is considered a venerable figure in Rotherham, South Yorkshire, his town of birth.

Archbishop of York
The archbishop of York is a senior bishop in the Church of England, second only to the archbishop of Canterbury. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of York and the metropolitan bishop of the province of York, which covers the northern regions of England (north of the Trent) as well as the Isle of Man.

The archbishop's throne (cathedra) is in York Minster in central York, and the official residence is Bishopthorpe Palace in the village of Bishopthorpe outside York. The current archbishop is Stephen Cottrell, since the confirmation of his election on 9 July 2020.
Scotland women's national rugby union team
The Scotland women's national rugby union team represents Scotland in women's international rugby union and is governed by the Scottish Rugby Union. The team competes in the annual Women's Six National Championship and has competed in five of the Women's Rugby World Cups since their hosted debut in 1994. The Nation plays an important role in the rugby world stage.

1994 Women's Rugby World Cup
The 1994 Women's Rugby World Cup was the second world cup for women. It was originally scheduled to be held in Amsterdam, Netherlands (10–24 April) but was cancelled only weeks before. However, a replacement competition was organised around the same dates in Scotland. England beat the defending champions USA 38–23 in the final.
Family tree of Muhammad
This family tree is about the relatives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad as a family member of the family of Hashim and the Quraysh tribe which is ‘Adnani.  According to Islamic tradition, Muhammad descends from the Islamic prophet Ishmael through the Hashem tribe.

Ishmael
In the biblical Book of Genesis, Ishmael (Hebrew: יִשְׁמָעֵאל, romanized: Yišmāʿēʾl, lit. '"God hears"'; Ancient Greek: Ἰσμαήλ, romanized: Ismaḗl; Arabic: إِسْمَاعِيل, romanized: ʾIsmāʿīl; Latin: Ismael) was the first son of Abraham. His mother was Hagar, the handmaiden of Abraham's wife Sarah. He died at the age of 137.

Within Islam, Ishmael is regarded as a prophet and the ancestor of the Ishmaelites (Hagarenes or Adnanites) and patriarch of Qaydār.
2015 Emirati parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in the United Arab Emirates on 3 October 2015 to elect 20 of the 40 members of the Federal National Council. The elections took place through an electoral college, which was expanded from 129,274 members in the 2011 elections to 224,279 for the 2015 elections.

Electoral college
An electoral college is a body of representatives empowered to formally select a candidate for a specific office, most often the head of state. Electoral colleges exist in several countries and may serve to balance regional representation or ensure indirect election mechanisms. It is mostly used in the political context for a constitutional body that appoints the head of state or government, and sometimes the upper parliamentary chamber, in a democracy. Its members, called electors, are elected either by the people for this purpose (making the whole process an indirect election) or by certain subregional entities or social organizations.

If a constituent body that is not only summoned for this particular task, like a parliament, elects or appoints certain officials, it is not referred to as "electoral college" (see e.g. parliamentary system). Also, other appointing bodies (like committees appointing judges, as in Canada or Germany) normally do not fall into this definition.
Kabaka Puttur railway station
Kabaka Puttur is a major railway station on Mangalore–Hassan–Mysore line. It is located in Padil,Puttur, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka state, India. It consists of two platforms. It is named after two places: Kabaka which is 5 km away from railway station location and Puttur where railway station lies. The railway station lies 1.2 km away from Puttur KSRTC bus stand and 1.1 km away from Puttur–Uppinangadi Main Road

Dakshina Kannada
Dakshina Kannada district is located in the state of Karnataka in India, with its headquarters in the coastal city of Mangaluru. The district covers an area nestled  between the Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea. Dakshina Kannada receives abundant rainfall during the Indian monsoon. It is bordered by Udupi district (formerly a part of this district) to the north, Chikmagalur district to the northeast, Hassan district to the east, Kodagu to the southeast and Kasaragod district of Kerala to the south. According to the 2011 census of India, Dakshina Kannada district had a population of 2,089,649. It is the only district in Karnataka to have all modes of transport - road, rail, water and air - due to the presence of a major hub, Mangaluru. This financial district is also known as the Cradle of Indian banking.
Mothers' movement
The mothers' movement was an anti-war women's movement in the United States, beginning in California in 1939, soon after the start of World War II. At its height, it consisted of 50 to 100 loosely-confederated groups, with a total membership that may have been as high as five or six million.

They organized petitions and demonstrations, published material, and were active in political campaigns. They are credited with having delayed U.S. involvement with the Allies. Their activity declined after the Great Sedition Trial (later found to be unconstitutional by the Supreme Court) of 1944 that criminalized anti-war activism, but their leaders' opposition to the war continued.

Smith Act
The Alien Registration Act, popularly known as the Smith Act, 76th United States Congress, 3rd session, ch. 439, 54 Stat. 670, 18 U.S.C. § 2385 is a United States federal statute that was enacted on June 28, 1940. It set criminal penalties for advocating the overthrow of the U.S. government by force or violence, and required all foreigners over the age of 14 to register with the federal government.

Approximately 215 people were indicted under the legislation, including alleged communists and socialists. Prosecutions under the Smith Act continued until a series of U.S. Supreme Court decisions in 1957 reversed a number of convictions under the Act as being unconstitutional. The law has been amended several times.
USS Goldsborough (DD-188)
USS Goldsborough (DD-188/AVP-18/AVD-5/APD-32) was a Clemson-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War II. She was the second Navy ship named for Rear Admiral Louis M. Goldsborough (1805–1877). Entering service in 1920, the ship had a brief active life before being placed in reserve in 1922. Goldsborough was reactivated for World War II and was used as an aircraft tender, destroyer and high speed transport in both Atlantic and Pacific theaters. Following the war, the ship was sold for scrapping in 1946.

Seaplane tender
A seaplane tender is a boat or ship that supports the operation of seaplanes. Some of these vessels, known as seaplane carriers, could not only carry seaplanes but also provided all the facilities needed for their operation; these ships are regarded by some as the first aircraft carriers and appeared just before the First World War.
Luis Fonseca (sailor)
Luis E. Fonseca, Jr. (born 1980) is a retired United States Navy hospital corpsman who was awarded the Navy Cross for extraordinary heroism on March 23, 2003, while assigned to a Marine Corps amphibious assault vehicle platoon serving with the 1st Battalion, 2nd Marine Regiment, during the Battle of Nasiriyah in Nasiriyah, Iraq. This was the first major battle fought in Iraq by the United States Marine Corps (and United States Army) during Operation Iraqi Freedom.

1st Battalion, 2nd Marines
1st Battalion, 2nd Marines (1/2) (pronounced "one-two") is an infantry battalion in the United States Marine Corps based out of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, consisting of approximately 900 Marines and sailors.  The battalion, callsign "Typhoon'" falls under the command of the 2nd Marine Regiment and the 2nd Marine Division.
Andrej Stančík
Andrej Stančík (born 1 June 1995) is a Slovak politician, who has been an MP of the  National Council since 2020. He is a member of the Ordinary People and Independent Personalities (OĽANO) movement caucus.

Slovakia (political party)
Slovakia (Slovak: Slovensko), known as Ordinary People and Independent Personalities (Slovak: Obyčajní ľudia a nezávislé osobnosti, OĽANO) until 2023, is a populist political party in Slovakia. Founded in 2011 by former businessman Igor Matovič, the party champions anti-corruption, anti-elitist and anti-establishment sentiments. It is also frequently identified as a business-firm party.

The party served as the parliamentary opposition during two electoral terms: 2012–2016 and 2016–2020. In 2020, it emerged victorious in the parliamentary election and subsequently formed a coalition government. In government, the party advocated for conservative, familistic policies through the implementation of expanded social welfare and pro-natalist measures, while concurrently opposing the promotion of LGBT and reproductive rights.  Following the collapse of the governing coalition and subsequent snap election in 2023, the party has been opposition once again.
2011 5-hour Energy 200
The 2011 5-hour Energy 200 was the 11th stock car race of the 2011 NASCAR Nationwide Series and the 30th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday May 14, 2011 in Dover, Delaware at Dover International Speedway, a 1-mile (1.6 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. Carl Edwards won the race after a spectacular crash on the final lap of the race after two Green-White-Checkered attempts.

Dover, Delaware
Dover (/ˈdoʊvər/ DOH-vər) is the capital and the second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Delaware, after Wilmington. It is also the county seat of Kent County and the principal city of the Dover metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses all of Kent County and is part of the Philadelphia–Wilmington–Camden, PA–NJ–DE–MD, combined statistical area. It is located on the St. Jones River in the Delaware River coastal plain. It was named by William Penn for Dover in Kent, England (for which Kent County is named). As of 2020, its population was 39,403.
Kindai University
Kindai University (Japanese: 近畿大学, Hepburn: Kinki daigaku) is a private non-sectarian and coeducational university based in Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan with campuses in five other locations: Nara, Nara; Ōsakasayama, Osaka; Uchita, Wakayama; Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima; and Iizuka, Fukuoka.

The English name of the university had been Kinki University since its establishment in 1949 to refer to "the surrounding area of the capital city (Kyoto)". On May 20, 2014, the university announced that its English name would officially change to Kindai (近大), to avoid the implications of the word "kinky", as the university was planning to globalize with the establishment of a new Foreign Language school. The name change took effect on April 1, 2016.

Nara Prefecture
Nara Prefecture (奈良県, Nara-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɾa, na.ɾaꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. As of 2020, Nara Prefecture has a population of 1,321,805 and has a geographic area of 3,691 square kilometres (1,425 sq mi). Nara Prefecture borders Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Osaka Prefecture to the northwest, Wakayama Prefecture to the southwest, and Mie Prefecture to the east.

Nara is the capital and largest city of Nara Prefecture, with other major cities including Kashihara, Ikoma, and Yamatokōriyama. Nara Prefecture is located in the center of the Kii Peninsula on Japan's Pacific Ocean coast, and is one of only eight landlocked prefectures. Nara Prefecture has the distinction of having more UNESCO World Heritage listings than any other prefecture in Japan.
Nikon Coolpix S10
The Coolpix S10 is a model of digital camera formerly produced by Nikon and first released in 2006 as part of the Coolpix Series. Its image sensor is a CCD with 6.0 million pixels. It has a 2.5-inch (64 mm) thin-film transistor liquid crystal display device with 230,000 pixels. The S10 incorporates Nikon's popular swivel design first seen in the Coolpix 900 which allows for a powerful Nikkor 10X Optical zoom lens while retaining a compact form.  Other features include D-Lighting and Face-priority AF.

The 2006 Nikon Coolpix S10 has a similar 10x swivel lens design as the 2005 S4, but with more advanced features such as vibration reduction and a lithium-ion battery.

Swivel lens
A swivel lens is a lens that freely rotates while attached to a camera body. They are used on some compact digital and video cameras (camcorders). These lenses make it easy for a photographer to aim a camera without moving around too much. Swivel lenses come in different sizes and shapes. A swivel lens is also known as a swiveling lens, swivelling lens, and rotating lens.

In contrast, swivel LCDs (also known as articulating screen) are displays that freely rotate while attached to a camera body. Usually, the camera body is much larger than the swivelling display. Swivel LCD devices can be considered as swivel lens devices because the camera body can swivel around the small display; albeit, aiming the camera is more difficult. Most camcorders have a swivel LCD.