hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Eastern Tamils
History of Eastern Tamils of Sri Lanka is informed by local legends, native literature and other colonial documents. Sri Lankan Tamils are subdivided based on their cultural, dialects & other practices as into Northern, Eastern and Western groups. Eastern Tamils inhabit a region that is divided into Trincomalee District, Batticalo District and Ampara District.

Batticaloa District
Batticaloa District (Tamil: மட்டக்களப்பு மாவட்டம் Maṭṭakkaḷappu Māvaṭṭam; Sinhala: මඩකලපුව දිස්ත්‍රික්කය maḍakalapuva distrikkaya) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Batticaloa. Ampara District was carved out of the southern part of Batticaloa District in April 1961.
Wavegen
Wavegen Limited (later Voith Hydro Wavegen Limited) was a wave energy company based in Inverness, Scotland. It was founded in 1990 by Allan Thomson. It was sold to Voith Hydro in 2005, and they closed the company in 2013.

Voith
The Voith Group (German pronunciation: [fɔʏt]) is a global technology company. With its broad portfolio of systems, products, services and digital applications, Voith trades in the markets of energy, paper, raw materials and transport. Founded in 1867, Voith today has around 22,000 employees, sales of € 5.2 billion and locations in over 60 countries worldwide and thus is one of the larger family-owned companies in Europe.
Sivagiri, Erode
Sivagiri  is a panchayat town in Erode taluk of Erode district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located in the north-western part of the state. Spread across an area of 23.4 km2 (9.0 sq mi), it had a population of 17,979 individuals as per the 2011 census.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Yoshito Yahagi
Yoshito Yahagi (Japanese: 矢作 芳人, Hepburn: Yahagi Yoshito; born March 20, 1961, in Tokyo, Japan) is a trainer of Thoroughbred race horses. He has been a licensed trainer in Japan since 2004 and since 2014 has won the training title three times.

After studying English at Athénée Français for six months, he went to Australia to learn horse training. He says he chose Australia because it was similar to Japan in that horse racing is dominated by speed on turf courses, the stable system, and the quarantine system are very strict and the environment internationally isolated.

He has trained Contrail, the 2020 Japanese Triple Crown winner. In the 2021 Breeders' Cup at Del Mar in California, Yahagi trained two winners—Filly & Mare Turf winner Loves Only You and Distaff winner Marche Lorraine. He became the first Japanese trainer to win any Breeders' Cup race.

Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf
The Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf is a Weight for Age Thoroughbred horse race on turf for fillies and mares, three years old and up. It is held annually at a different racetrack in the United States as part of the Breeders' Cup World Championships.

This race is a middle distance Grade 1 which has consistently drawn the best female turf horses not just from the United States but around the world. The race is run at either 1+1⁄4 miles (2,000 m) or 1+3⁄8 miles (2,200 m), depending on the turf course configuration at the Breeders' Cup host track. For tracks which can accommodate either distance (Belmont, Woodbine, and Santa Anita ), it is run at 1+1⁄4 miles. The 2015 edition at Keeneland was conducted at 1+3⁄16 miles because that track's turf course configuration does not allow for the two regular distances to be conducted on it. For the same reason, the 2017 edition at Del Mar was held at a distance of 1+1⁄8 miles.
Skid Row (James Ferraro album)
Skid Row is a studio album by American electronic musician James Ferraro, released on November 13, 2015 by Break World Records. Lyrically, it had previously existed as a series of poems before it turned into a set of lyrics for an album named after the crime-and-poverty-heavy Los Angeles area Skid Row. It is the Los Angeles counterpart to Ferraro's previous studio effort NYC, Hell 3:00 AM (2013). Its sound palette includes elements of funk, news reports, new jack swing, film scores, smooth jazz and 1980s rock and hip-hop. The album garnered generally positive reviews upon its release.

Sound bite
A sound bite or soundbite is a short clip of speech or music extracted from a longer piece of audio, often used to promote or exemplify the full-length piece. In the context of journalism, a sound bite is characterized by a short phrase or sentence that captures the essence of what the speaker was trying to say, and is used to summarize information and entice the reader or viewer. The term was coined by the U.S. media in the 1970s. Since then, various politicians have increasingly employed sound bites to summarize their positions.

Due to its brevity, the sound bite often overshadows the broader context in which it was spoken, and can be misleading or inaccurate. The insertion of sound bites into news broadcasts or documentaries is open to manipulation, leading to conflict over journalistic ethics.
John Kirkpatrick (politician)
John Kirkpatrick (1840 – 8 December 1904) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.

Kirkpatrick emigrated to New Zealand as a young man.  He engaged in various occupations, including as a miner on the West Coast goldfields and later as a cotton-grower in Fiji.  He arrived in Australia in 1871, spending time on the Gulgong goldfields and as a storekeeper at Coonabarabran, before settling at Gunnedah.  From June 1891 to July 1895, Kirkpatrick represented the electorate of Gunnedah in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, elected as a Labour Electoral League candidate (in the initial group of Labor Party members).  He contested the 1898 general election as a Free Trade candidate but failed to win the seat.

Electoral district of Gunnedah
Gunnedah was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, created in 1880, partly replacing Liverpool Plains, and named after and including Gunnedah. In 1904 it was abolished and replaced by Liverpool Plains and Namoi.
Anne McLellan
A. Anne McLellan (born August 31, 1950) is a Canadian politician and academic who served as the ninth deputy prime minister of Canada from 2003 to 2006. She was a cabinet minister in the Liberal governments of Jean Chrétien and Paul Martin, and represented Edmonton in the House of Commons of Canada. She also held the positions of solicitor general, minister of health, and Attorney General and minister of justice of Canada.

Minister of Health (Canada)
The minister of health (French: ministre de la santé) is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for overseeing health-focused government agencies including Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada, as well as enforcing the Canada Health Act, the law governing Canada's universal health care system.

The current minister is Marjorie Michel.

The minister is responsible for the federal government's Health Portfolio, which comprises:

Canadian Food Inspection Agency

Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Health Canada

Patented Medicine Prices Review Board

Public Health Agency of Canada

As of 2023, the Health Portfolio consists of approximately 12,000 full-time equivalent employees and an annual budget of over $3.8 billion. The position of associate minister of health (French: ministre associée de la santé) existed from 2021 to 2023.
Bunnahabhain distillery
Bunnahabhain distillery (Scottish Gaelic: Taigh-staile Bun na h-Abhainne, [t̪əˈs̪t̪alə punəˈhavɪɲ]) was founded in 1881 near Port Askaig on Islay and is owned by the Scotch whisky producer Distell Group Limited a subsidiary of Heineken N.V,. The village of Bunnahabhain was founded to house its workers.

Heineken N.V.
Heineken N.V. (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɛinəkə(n)]), branded as The Heineken Company is a Dutch multinational brewing company, founded in 1864 by Gerard Adriaan Heineken in Amsterdam. As of 2019, Heineken owns over 165 breweries in more than 70 countries. It produces 348 international, regional, local and speciality beers and ciders and employs approximately 85,000 people.

With an annual beer production of 24.14 billion litres in 2019, and global revenues of 23.894 billion euro in 2019, Heineken N.V. is the number one brewer in Europe and one of the largest brewers by volume in the world. Heineken's Dutch breweries are located in Zoeterwoude, 's-Hertogenbosch and Wijlre. The original brewery in Amsterdam, closed in 1988, is preserved as a museum called the Heineken Experience.

Since the merger between the two largest brewing empires in the world, Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller, in October 2016, Heineken has been the second-largest brewer in the world.
Postage stamps and postal history of the Netherlands Antilles
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the postal areas Netherlands Antilles as well as its predecessor Curaçao. The area consisted of the islands Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius (now part of the Netherlands as postal area "Caribbean Netherlands") as well as Sint Maarten, Curaçao and Aruba (which each are separate postal areas).

Early mail service in the islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean consisted of carriage by casual ship, and a number of letters are recorded from this period. A British post office operated during the occupation of 1807 to 1815. In 1825, the Dutch government established a post office at Willemstad; from then until 1834 a packet operated between there and Hellevoetsluis. From 1842 to 1854, mail was carried by British packets, and after 1854 by the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, until 1885.

Colony of Curaçao and Dependencies
The Colony of Curaçao and Dependencies (Dutch: Kolonie Curaçao en onderhorigheden; Papiamento: Kolonia di Kòrsou i dependensianan) was a Dutch colony in the Caribbean Sea from 1634 until 1828 and from 1845 until 1954. Between 1936 and 1948, the area was officially known as the Territory of Curaçao (Dutch: Gebiedsdeel Curaçao; Papiamento: Teritorio di Kòrsou), and after 1948 as the Netherlands Antilles. With the proclamation of the Charter for the Kingdom of the Netherlands on 15 December 1954, the Netherlands Antilles attained equal status with the Netherlands proper and Suriname in the new Kingdom of the Netherlands.
7.92×57mm Mauser
The 7.92×57mm Mauser (designated as the 8mm Mauser or 8×57mm by the SAAMI and 8 × 57 IS by the C.I.P.) is a rimless bottlenecked rifle cartridge. The 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge was adopted by the German Empire in 1903–1905, and was the German service cartridge in both World Wars. In the first half of the 20th century, the 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge was one of the world's most popular military cartridges. In the 21st century, it is a popular civilian sport and hunting cartridge in the West.

Commission internationale permanente pour l'épreuve des armes à feu portatives
The Commission internationale permanente pour l'épreuve des armes à feu portatives (English: Permanent International Commission for the Proof of Small Arms), abbreviated C.I.P., is an international organisation which sets safety standards for firearms. As of 2015 its members are 14 national governments, of which 11 are European Union states. The C.I.P. safeguards all firearms and ammunition sold to civilian purchasers in member states.

To achieve this, the firearms are proof tested at C.I.P. accredited Proof Houses. The same applies for cartridges. At regular intervals, cartridges are tested against the C.I.P. pressure specifications at the ammunition manufacturing plants and at C.I.P. accredited Proof Houses.
Madvillainy 2
Madvillainy 2 is the upcoming second studio album by Madvillain, an American hip-hop duo consisting of the rapper MF Doom and the producer Madlib. The duo began work shortly after the release of Madvillainy (2004), but it remained unreleased after Doom died in 2020. In 2023, Madlib said he intended to finish it. It is set to be released by Stones Throw Records, though it has no release date.

Stones Throw Records
Stones Throw Records is an American independent record label based in Los Angeles, California. Under the direction of founder Peanut Butter Wolf, Stones Throw has released music ranging from hip hop to experimental psychedelic rock. LA Weekly deemed the label an "eternally evolving experiment" in celebration of its 20th anniversary.
J. A. Chatwin
Julius Alfred Chatwin FRIBA, ARBS, FSAScot (24 April 1830 – 6 June 1907) was a British architect known for his work on the construction and modification of numerous churches in Birmingham. He practiced both Neo-Gothic and Neo-Classical styles, incorporating detailed carvings and internal fittings into his designs.

Royal Society of Sculptors
The Royal Society of Sculptors (RSS) is a British charity established in 1905, which promotes excellence in the art and practice of sculpture. Its headquarters are a centre for contemporary sculpture on Old Brompton Road in South Kensington, London. It is the oldest and largest organisation dedicated to sculpture in the UK. Until 2017, it was known as the Royal British Society of Sculptors.

The Royal Society of Sculptors is a registered charity with a selective membership of around 700 professional sculptors. It aims to inspire, inform and engage people of all ages and backgrounds with sculpture, and to support sculptors' development of their practice to the highest professional standards.
Saddleback Lakes
The Saddleback Lakes are a chain of small alpine glacial lakes in Custer County, Idaho, United States, located in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  The lakes are drained by an unnamed tributary of Redfish Lake Creek, which flows into the Salmon River.  There are no trails that lead to the lakes, although they are most easily accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 154.

The Saddleback Lakes are in the Sawtooth Wilderness, and a wilderness permit can be obtained at a registration box at trailheads or wilderness boundaries.  The mountain known as Elephants Perch is to the north of the lakes.

Sawtooth Range (Idaho)
The Sawtooth Range is a mountain range of the Rocky Mountains in central Idaho, United States, reaching a maximum elevation of 10,751 feet (3,277 m) at the summit of Thompson Peak. It encompasses an area of 678 square miles (1,756 km2) spanning parts of Custer, Boise, Blaine, and Elmore counties, and is bordered to the east by the Sawtooth Valley. Much of the mountain range is within the Sawtooth Wilderness, part of the Sawtooth National Recreation Area and Sawtooth National Forest.

The mountains were named for their jagged peaks.
Distal radioulnar articulation
Distal radioulnar articulation, also known as the distal radioulnar joint, or inferior radioulnar joint is a synovial pivot joint between the two bones in the forearm; the radius and ulna. It is one of two joints between the radius and ulna, the other being the proximal radioulnar articulation. The joint features an articular disc, and is reinforced by the palmar and dorsal radioulnar ligaments.

Ulna
The ulna or ulnar bone (pl.: ulnae or ulnas) is a long bone in the forearm stretching from the elbow to the wrist. It is on the same side of the forearm as the little finger, running parallel to the radius, the forearm's other long bone. Longer and thinner than the radius, the ulna is considered to be the smaller long bone of the lower arm. The corresponding bone in the lower leg is the fibula.
Unité Spéciale de la Police
The Unité Spéciale de la Police (USP) (English: Special Police Unit) is the tier one police tactical unit of the Grand Ducal Police that was created in Luxembourg in 1999. It is tasked with responding to especially dangerous situations such as hostage rescue operations, arrests of dangerous individuals, bomb threats, and dignitary protection duties.

The unit trains abroad with comparable units, in particular the Belgian DSU and German SEK.

Grand Ducal Police
The Grand Ducal Police (Luxembourgish: Groussherzoglech Police; German: Großherzogliche Polizei; French: Police grand-ducale) is the national police force of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. The police is under the control of the Minister for the Interior of Luxembourg, although they operate in the name, and under the ultimate control, of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. Day-to-day executive control is exercised by the Director-General of the Grand Ducal Police. The Grand Ducal Police has existed in its current form since 1 January 2000, when the Grand Ducal Gendarmerie was merged with the police service.

The Grand Ducal Police is responsible for ensuring the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg's internal security, maintaining law and order, border control and enforcing all laws and Grand Ducal decrees.  It is also responsible for assisting the Luxembourg Armed Forces in its internal operations, as prescribed by the Grand Duke of Luxembourg.
Elizabeth Goudge
Elizabeth de Beauchamp Goudge FRSL (24 April 1900 – 1 April 1984) was an English writer of fiction and children's books. She won the Carnegie Medal for British children's books in 1946 for The Little White Horse. Goudge was long a popular author in the UK and the US and regained attention decades later. In 1993 her book The Rosemary Tree was plagiarised by Indrani Aikath-Gyaltsen; the "new" novel set in India was warmly reviewed in The New York Times and The Washington Post before its source was discovered. In 2001 or 2002, J. K. Rowling identified The Little White Horse as one of her favourite books and one of few to have a direct influence on the Harry Potter series.

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
Zhu Yougui
Zhu Yougui (Chinese: 朱友珪) (886 – March 27, 913), nickname Yaoxi (遙喜), often known by his princely title Prince of Ying (郢王), was briefly an emperor of the Chinese Later Liang dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He became emperor after assassinating his father, the founding emperor Emperor Taizu (Zhu Quanzhong). Several months later, after facing a rebellion led by his brother Zhu Youzhen, the Prince of Jun and cousin Yuan Xiangxian, he committed suicide.

Later Liang (Five Dynasties)
Liang, known in historiography as the Later Liang (simplified Chinese: 后梁; traditional Chinese: 後梁; pinyin: Hòu Liáng) (1 June 907 – 19 November 923) or the Zhu Liang (Chinese: 朱梁), was an imperial dynasty of China and the first of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was founded by Zhu Wen (Emperor Taizu), after he forced the last emperor of the Tang dynasty to abdicate in his favour (and then murdered him). The Later Liang would last until 923 when it was destroyed by the Later Tang dynasty.
Temirgoevsky District
Temirgoevsky District (Russian: Темиргоевский район) is an administrative-territorial unit within the territory of Azov-Black Sea and Krasnodar, which existed in 1934–1953. Center of district was Temirgoevsky village.

Azov-Black Sea Krai
Azov-Black Sea Krai (Russian: Азово-Черноморский край, romanized: Azovo-Chernomorskiy kray) was an early krai of the Russian SFSR of the Soviet Union. Its capital was Rostov-on-Don.

It was formed on 10 January 1934 out of the North Caucasus Krai. According to the 1937 All-Union Census, it had population of 5,601,759.

On 13 September 1937 it was split into Krasnodar Krai and Rostov Oblast.
2014–15 Greek A2 Basket League
The 2014–15 Greek A2 Basket League was the 29th season of the Greek A2 Basket League, the second-tier level professional club basketball league in Greece. The winner of the league was Kavala The clubs that were promoted to the top-tier Greek Basket League were Kavala, Arkadikos, and Lavrio. In contrast, the teams that were relegated to the third tier Greek B Basket League were Filippos Veria, Ermis Lagkada, and Ilysiakos Ilysiakos withdrew from the league in the middle of the season, because of economic debts. All the games of Ilysiakos were given back to their opponents with scores of 20–0.

Filippos Verias B.C.
Filippos Verias (alternate spellings: Philippos, Veria, Veroias; Greek: Φίλιππος Βέροιας) is a Greek professional basketball club that is based in Veria. Filippos was founded in 1962, and its colours are white and red. Its emblem is Philip of Macedonia.
Eli Berman
Eli Berman (born 1960) is the Research Director for International Security Studies at the UC Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation and since 2010 a Professor of economics at the University of California, San Diego. He is known for his work applying rational choice analysis to the behavior of radical religious groups.

Rational choice model
Rational choice modeling refers to the use of decision theory (the theory of rational choice) as a set of guidelines to help understand economic and social behavior. The theory tries to approximate, predict, or mathematically model human behavior by analyzing the behavior of a rational actor facing the same costs and benefits.

Rational choice models are most closely associated with economics, where mathematical analysis of behavior is standard. However, they are widely used throughout the social sciences, and are commonly applied to cognitive science, criminology, political science, and sociology.
North Market
North Market is a food hall and public market in Columbus, Ohio. The Downtown Columbus market was established in 1876, and was the second of four founded in Columbus. The market is managed by the non-profit North Market Development Authority (NDMA), which also manages North Market Bridge Park, a market in Dublin, Ohio.

The downtown market hosts about 35 vendors. About one third of these sell ready-to-eat foods, one third sell specialty goods, and the remaining portion sell produce, flowers, meat and fish, cookware, and gifts. The NDMA also hosts a weekly farmer's market from June to October outside the market building.

The Dublin market, completed in 2020, was designed to be more modern than the downtown location. The new market has 30,000 sq ft (2,800 m2) of space, two-thirds of which is for the public. The market has 15 vendors, with a total capacity of 19.

Dublin, Ohio
Dublin is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio. A suburb of Columbus, it falls within the jurisdictions of Franklin, Delaware, Union, and Madison counties. The population was 49,328 at the 2020 census. The Dublin Irish Festival advertises itself as the largest three-day Irish festival in the world.