hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lightning (1952 film)
Lightning (稲妻, Inazuma) is a 1952 Japanese drama film directed by Mikio Naruse. It is based on the 1936 novel by Fumiko Hayashi and was the second in a series of adaptations of Hayashi's work by Naruse after the 1951 Repast.

Mikio Naruse
Mikio Naruse (成瀬 巳喜男, Naruse Mikio; 20 August 1905 – 2 July 1969) was a Japanese film director and screenwriter who directed 89 films spanning the period 1930 to 1967.

Naruse is known for imbuing his films with a bleak and pessimistic outlook. He made primarily shōshimin-eiga ("common people drama") films with female protagonists, portrayed by actresses such as Hideko Takamine, Kinuyo Tanaka, and Setsuko Hara. Because of his focus on family drama and the intersection of traditional and modern Japanese culture, his films have been compared with the works of Yasujirō Ozu. Many of his films in his later career were adaptations of the works of acknowledged Japanese writers. Titled a "major figure of Japan's golden age" and "supremely intelligent dramatist", he remains lesser known than his contemporaries Akira Kurosawa, Kenji Mizoguchi, and Ozu. Among his most noted films are Sound of the Mountain, Late Chrysanthemums, Floating Clouds, Flowing and When A Woman Ascends The Stairs.
The Cooks
The Cooks was an Australian television drama series that ran for one season on Network Ten during the summer of 2004/05. It was a co-production with subscription television and screened on the UKTV channel on Foxtel. It was produced by Penny Chapman and Sue Masters. The directors were Tony Tilse, Ian Gilmour, Brendan Maher and Ian Watson.

The Cooks was about the love and war involving the staff of two restaurants on the same street. R&R's Restaurant was run by chefs Rita and Ruth, with waitress Argentine Carmelita. Across the road at Snatch and Grab, its chefs are Gabe and Sachin, who's of Indian descent, with Dishpig at the sink.

The Cooks was a spin-off of a telemovie called Temptation, which screened in 2003, starring Colin Friels as Roberto Francobelli.

Penny Chapman
Penny Chapman is an Australian television producer. Her work includes the award-winning Brides of Christ, RAN Remote Area Nurse and My Place.

Penny received the Maura Fay Award for Services to the Industry at the 2013 Screen Producers Australia Awards.
Christ School (North Carolina)
Christ School is a private college preparatory boarding and day school for boys in Arden, North Carolina, a suburb of Asheville, in the Blue Ridge Mountains. While affiliated with the Episcopal Church, it is open to students of all faiths and backgrounds.

Robert K. Morgan
Robert Knight Morgan (July 31, 1918 – May 15, 2004) was a colonel and a Command Pilot in the United States Air Force from Asheville, North Carolina. During World War II, while a captain in the United States Army Air Forces, Morgan was a bomber pilot with the 8th Air Force in the European theater and the aircraft commander of the famous B-17 Flying Fortress, Memphis Belle, flying 25 missions. After completing his European tour, Morgan flew another 26 combat missions in the B-29 Superfortress against Japan in the Pacific Theater.
Bryan Bouffier
Bryan Bouffier (born 1 December 1978) is a French rally driver. He is currently competing in the European Rally Championship with a Citroën DS3 S2000. He won the 2011 Monte Carlo Rally and the 2013 Tour de Corse.

2011 Monte Carlo Rally
The 2011 Monte Carlo Rally, officially 79ème Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo was the first round of the 2011 Intercontinental Rally Challenge (IRC) season. The rally took place between January 19–22, 2011. The event marked the centenary of the creation of the Monte Carlo Rally, which was first held on January 21, 1911.
Arnold Sommerfeld
Arnold Johannes Wilhelm Sommerfeld (German: [ˈaʁnɔlt ˈzɔmɐˌfɛlt]; 5 December 1868 – 26 April 1951) was a German theoretical physicist who pioneered developments in both atomic and quantum physics, and also educated and mentored many students for the new era of theoretical physics.

Sommerfeld served as doctoral advisor and postdoctoral advisor to seven Nobel Prize winners and supervised at least 30 other famous physicists and chemists.

Sommerfeld introduced the second quantum number, azimuthal quantum number, and the third quantum number, magnetic quantum number. He also introduced the fine-structure constant and pioneered X-ray wave theory.

Léon Brillouin
Léon Nicolas Brillouin (French: [leɔ̃ nikɔla bʁijwɛ̃]; August 7, 1889  – October 4, 1969) was a French physicist. He made contributions to quantum mechanics, radio wave propagation in the atmosphere, solid-state physics, and information theory.
On the Corner (film)
On the Corner is a Canadian drama film, directed by Nathaniel Geary and released in 2003. Set in the Downtown Eastside neighbourhood of Vancouver, British Columbia, the film stars Alex Rice and Simon Baker as Angel and Randy Henry, a brother and sister struggling with poverty and drug addiction.

The film premiered at the 2003 Toronto International Film Festival.

2003 Toronto International Film Festival
The 28th Toronto International Film Festival ran from September 4 to September 13, 2003.  A total of 336 films (252 feature length and 84 short films) from 55 countries were screened during the festival.  Of the feature films, 73% were world, international, or North American premieres.
Supercar Challenge (video game)
Supercar Challenge is a simulation racing video game released for the PlayStation 3 in September 2009, developed by Eutechnyx and published by System 3, the same company that produced 2008's Ferrari Challenge Trofeo Pirelli. The game includes more than 40 cars including Ferraris and the Bugatti Veyron and Aston Martin DBR9 and 22 tracks including the Nürburgring (Grand Prix section) and the Silverstone Circuit. The game was re-released with an improved game engine under the title Absolute Supercars in 2012.

Eutechnyx
Eutechnyx Limited (formerly Zeppelin Games Limited, until 1994, and Merit Studios (Europe) Limited, until 1997) was a British video game developer based in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Since 1997, the company focused on racing games. They were known for their universally panned video game Ride to Hell: Retribution, for work with the NASCAR The Game franchise, and as a developer on various other racing titles and games.

After not releasing any games in 10 years (NASCAR '15 being their last title), the company was finally shut down on May 20, 2025, with Eutechnyx Limited being dissolved and Eutechnyx Holdings Limited also undergoing insolvency.
Ace High (1968 film)
Ace High (Italian: I quattro dell'Ave Maria, literally translated as "The Four of the Hail Mary", released in the UK as Revenge in El Paso) is a 1968 Italian Spaghetti Western film directed and written by Giuseppe Colizzi and starring Terence Hill, Bud Spencer and Eli Wallach. The film is the second in a trilogy that started with God Forgives... I Don't! and ended with Boot Hill.

Giuseppe Colizzi
Giuseppe Colizzi (28 June 1925 – 23 August 1978) was an Italian film director, writer and producer.

Colizzi was best known for his film starring Bud Spencer and Terence Hill, mostly spaghetti westerns.
Dowker–Thistlethwaite notation
In the mathematical field of knot theory, the Dowker–Thistlethwaite (DT) notation or code, for a knot diagram is a sequence of even integers.  The notation is named after Clifford Hugh Dowker and Morwen Thistlethwaite, who refined a notation originally due to Peter Guthrie Tait. It is not an invariant of the associated knot.

Peter Guthrie Tait
Peter Guthrie Tait FRSE (28 April 1831 – 4 July 1901) was a Scottish mathematical physicist and early pioneer in thermodynamics. He is best known for the mathematical physics textbook Treatise on Natural Philosophy, which he co-wrote with Lord Kelvin, and his early investigations into knot theory.

His work on knot theory contributed to the eventual formation of topology as a mathematical discipline. His name is known in graph theory mainly for Tait's conjecture on cubic graphs. He is also one of the namesakes of the Tait–Kneser theorem on osculating circles.
CHEMKIN
CHEMKIN is a proprietary software tool for solving complex chemical kinetics problems.  It is used worldwide in the combustion, chemical processing, microelectronics and automotive industries, and also in atmospheric science.  It was originally developed at Sandia National Laboratories and is now developed by a US company, Reaction Design.

Reaction Design was acquired by ANSYS in 2014 so Chemkin and related products are now available through ANSYS.

Reaction Design
Reaction Design is a San Diego–based developer of combustion simulation software used by engineers to design cleaner burning and fuel-efficient combustors and engines, found in everything from automobiles to turbines for power generation and aircraft propulsion to large diesel engines that use pistons the size of rooms to propel ships locomotives. The technology is also used to model spray vaporization in electronic materials processing applications and predict mixing reactions in chemical plants. Ansys, a leader in engineering simulation software, acquired Reaction Design in January 2014.
Battle of Phase Line Bullet
The Battle of Phase Line Bullet was one of a series of engagements that led to the destruction of the Tawakalna Iraqi Republican Guard Division, on 26 February 1991, by a simultaneous attack of the 1st and 3rd armored divisions, the 1st Infantry Division, and the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment (2ACR) during the Persian Gulf War.

The 3rd Armored Division advanced to the west through a corridor between the 1st Armored Division in the north and  the  2ACR in the south. The Bradley squadron that spearheaded the assault was beaten back by a screen of Iraqi entrenched infantry, APCs, and Iraqi T-72 tanks. The incident also involved American friendly fire casualties caused by M1 Abrams tanks operating in the rearguard. The action forced to halt the offensive of the 3rd Armored Division until dawn. The Iraqi troops were eventually dislodged from their positions by close air support and artillery fire during the early hours of 27 February.

T-72 tanks in Iraqi service
During the early stages of the Iran-Iraq War, Iraq under the rule of Saddam Hussein imported a number of T-72 tanks from the Soviet Union and Poland. The tanks saw service in both the Gulf War and the Iraq War. In the late 1970s, Iraq also established a factory to retrofit and repair T-72s, and started the Lion of Babylon project (named after the Babylonian historical symbol of the same name) with the intent to assemble T-72s locally.
Lee Yun-seo
Lee Yun-seo (born 5 March 2003) is a South Korean artistic gymnast. She is the 2022 Asian uneven bars and team silver medalist and all-around, uneven bars, and floor exercise bronze medalist. She has competed at four World Championships, and she represented South Korea at the 2020 Summer Olympics, the 2024 Summer Olympics and at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics.

South Korea at the 2020 Summer Olympics
South Korea competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020, the Games were postponed to 23 July to 8 August 2021, because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Radio North Sea International
Radio North Sea International (RNI; German: Radio Nordsee International; Dutch: Radio Noordzee Internationaal) was a European offshore radio station run by the Swiss firm Mebo Telecommunications, jointly owned by Swiss engineer Edwin Bollier and his business partner, Erwin Meister. RNI broadcast for less than five years in the early 1970s and, courting both disaster and success, made a modest financial profit.

Scheveningen
Scheveningen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈsxeːvənɪŋə(n)] ⓘ) is one of the eight districts of The Hague, Netherlands, as well as a subdistrict (wijk) of that city. Scheveningen is a modern seaside resort with a long, sandy beach, an esplanade, a pier, and a lighthouse. The beach is popular for water sports such as windsurfing and kiteboarding. The harbour is used for both fishing and tourism.
1908 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1908 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the eighth edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. For the first time, ties were held in different countries and at different times, rather than all the matches being played in the same venue, as before. It also marked the first time that a tie was played in Australia.

After Australasia's victory in 1907, the United States and the British Isles tried to re-claim the cup, however the Australasia team prevailed again. The final was played at the Albert Ground in Melbourne, Australia on 27–30 November.

United States Davis Cup team
The United States men's national tennis team represents the United States in Davis Cup tennis competition, and is governed by the United States Tennis Association.

The United States competed in the inaugural Davis Cup against Great Britain in 1900. They are the most successful team ever to compete in the Davis Cup, winning the coveted title on 32 separate occasions closely followed by Australia with 28 victories.
Metronet (Western Australia)
Metronet (styled METRONET) is a multi-government agency in Western Australia. It is responsible for managing extensions to Perth's rail network. It was formed to deliver commitments made by the McGowan Government during the 2017 election campaign.

Noranda railway station
Noranda railway station is a suburban rail station that is  part of the Transperth network. It opened in 2024 as a station on the Ellenbrook line, serving the Perth suburbs of Beechboro, Kiara and Noranda. It is in the median of Tonkin Highway, just north of Benara Road.
Toshinobu Kawai
Toshinobu Kawai (河合 季信, Kawai Toshinobu, born 19 December 1967 in Nagoya, Japan) is a Japanese short-track speed skater, who won a bronze medal in the 5000 m relay at the 1992 Winter Olympics together with teammates Yuichi Akasaka, Tatsuyoshi Ishihara and Tsutomu Kawasaki. Before 1992, he won two gold medals in the World Short Track Speed Skating Championships, 1985 and 1987.

He is currently working at the University of Tsukuba.

University of Tsukuba
The University of Tsukuba (筑波大学, Tsukuba daigaku) is a national research university located in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.

The university has 28 college clusters and schools with around 16,500 students (as of 2014). The main Tsukuba campus covers an area of 258 hectares (636 acres), making it the second largest single campus in Japan.

The university has a branch campus in Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, offering graduate programs for working adults in the capital and managing K-12 schools in Tokyo that are attached to the university.

Three Nobel Prize laurates have taught at the university, Leo Esaki, Hideki Shirakawa and Sin-Itiro Tomonaga. Apart from them, Satoshi Ōmura studied as an audit student.
László Kovács (cinematographer)
László Kovács ASC (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈkovaːt͡ʃ ˈlaːsloː]; 14 May 1933 – 22 July 2007) was a Hungarian-American cinematographer, known for his influential work in the development of the American New Wave of films in the 1970s, he collaborated with many known directors, especially Peter Bogdanovich and Richard Rush.

Kovács was the recipient of numerous awards, including three Lifetime Achievement Awards. He was also an active member of the American Society of Cinematographers and a member of the organization's board of directors.

Hungarian Americans
Hungarian Americans (Hungarian: amerikai magyarok, pronounced [ˈɒmɛrikɒji ˈmɒɟɒrok]) are Americans of Hungarian descent. The U.S. Census Bureau has estimated that there are approximately 1.396 million Americans of Hungarian descent as of 2018. The total number of people with ethnic Hungarian background is estimated to be around 4 million. The largest concentration is in the Greater Cleveland Metropolitan Area in Northeast Ohio. At one time, the presence of Hungarians within Cleveland proper was so great that the city was known as the "American Debrecen," with one of the highest concentrations of Hungarians in the world.
Holiday on the Buses
Holiday on the Buses is a 1973 British comedy film directed by Bryan Izzard and starring Reg Varney, Doris Hare, Michael Robbins, Anna Karen, Stephen Lewis and Bob Grant. It was produced by Ronald Chesney and Ronald Wolfe for Hammer Films, and is the third and final spin-off film from the ITV sitcom On the Buses. It succeeded the films On the Buses (1971) and Mutiny on the Buses (1972)." A fourth film was planned but cancelled.

Stephen Lewis (actor)
Stephen Lewis (17 December 1926 – 12 August 2015), credited early in his career as Stephen Cato, was an English actor, comedian, director, screenwriter, and playwright. He is best known for his roles as Inspector Cyril "Blakey" Blake in On the Buses, Clem "Smiler" Hemmingway in Last of the Summer Wine and Harry Lambert in Oh, Doctor Beeching!, although he also appeared in numerous stage and film roles.
Publishers Weekly list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 1940s
This is a list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 1940s, as determined by Publishers Weekly. The list features the most popular novels of each year from 1940 through 1949.

The standards set for inclusion in the lists – which, for example, lead to the exclusion of the novels in the Harry Potter series from the lists for the 1990s and 2000s – are currently unknown.

Kenneth Roberts (author)
Kenneth Lewis Roberts (December 8, 1885 – July 21, 1957) was an American writer of historical novels. He worked first as a journalist, becoming nationally known for his work with the Saturday Evening Post from 1919 to 1928, and then as a popular novelist. Born in Kennebunk, Maine, Roberts specialized in regionalist historical fiction, often writing about his native state and its terrain and also about other upper New England states and scenes. For example, the main characters in Arundel and Rabble in Arms are from Kennebunkport (then called Arundel), the main character in Northwest Passage is from Kittery, Maine and has friends in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and the main character in Oliver Wiswell is from Milton, Massachusetts.
The Light in the Piazza (musical)
The Light in the Piazza is a musical with music and lyrics by Adam Guettel, and a book by Craig Lucas.

Based on the 1960 novella by Elizabeth Spencer, the show is set in the 1950s and tells the story of Margaret Johnson, a wealthy woman from the American South, and Clara, her daughter, who is developmentally disabled due to a childhood accident. The two spend a summer together in Florence, Italy. When Clara falls in love with a young Italian man, Fabrizio, Margaret is forced to reconsider not only Clara's future, but her own deep-seated hopes and regrets as well.

The score breaks from the 21st century tradition of pop music on Broadway by moving into the territory of Neoromantic classical music and opera, with unexpected harmonic shifts and extended melodic structures, and is more heavily orchestrated than most Broadway scores. Many of the lyrics are in Italian or broken English, as many of the characters are fluent only in Italian.

Aaron Lazar
Aaron Scott Lazar (born June 21, 1976) is an American actor, singer, and entrepreneur known for his work on Broadway, television, film and concerts.

In August 2024, Lazar released an album titled, Impossible Dream, featuring a cover of the song of the same name. The cover of the song was in a We Are the World style recording featuring solos by Josh Groban, Loren Allred, Sting, Brian Stokes Mitchell, Norm Lewis, Kristin Chenoweth, Leslie Odom Jr, Lin Manuel Miranda, Neil Patrick Harris, and a posthumous appearance from Rebecca Luker. The album was nominated for a Grammy Award for "Best Classical Compendium" in November, 2024.
Al-Hajj Salim Suwari
Sheikh Al-Hajj Salim Suwari was a 13th- or 15th-century West African Soninke karamogo (Islamic scholar) who focused on the responsibilities of Muslim minorities residing in a non-Muslim society. He formulated an important theological rationale for peaceful coexistence with the non-Muslim ruling classes called the Suwarian tradition, which survives to this day despite the pressures of modernism.

Pacifism in Islam
Different Muslim movements through history had linked pacifism with Muslim theology. However, warfare has been an integral part of Islamic history both for the defense and the spread of the faith since the time of Muhammad.

The teachings in the Qur'an and Hadith allow for wars to be fought if they can be justified. According to James Turner Johnson, there is no normative tradition of pacifism in Islam.

Prior to the Hijra travel Muhammad struggled non-violently against his opposition in Mecca. It was not until after the exile that the Quranic revelations began to adopt a more offensive perspective. Fighting in self-defense is not only legitimate but considered obligatory upon Muslims, according to the Qur'an. The Qur'an, however, says that should the enemy's hostile behavior cease, then the reason for engaging the enemy also lapses.
Methanobacteriati
Methanobacteriati (formerly "Euryarchaeota", from Ancient Greek εὐρύς eurús, "broad, wide") is a kingdom of archaea. Methanobacteriati are highly diverse and include methanogens, which produce methane and are often found in intestines; halobacteria, which survive extreme concentrations of salt; and some extremely thermophilic aerobes and anaerobes, which generally live at temperatures between 41 and 122 °C. They are separated from the other archaeans based mainly on rRNA sequences and their unique DNA polymerase. The only validly published name for this group under the Prokaryotic Code is Methanobacteriati.

Kingdom (biology)
In biology, a kingdom is the second highest taxonomic rank, just below domain. Kingdoms are divided into smaller groups called phyla (singular phylum).

Traditionally, textbooks from the United States and some of Canada have used a system of six kingdoms (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea or Archaebacteria, and Bacteria or Eubacteria), while textbooks in other parts of the world, such as Bangladesh, Brazil, Greece, India, Pakistan, Spain, and the United Kingdom have used five kingdoms (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista and Monera).

Some recent classifications based on modern cladistics have explicitly abandoned the term kingdom, noting that some traditional kingdoms are not monophyletic, meaning that they do not consist of all the descendants of a common ancestor. The terms flora (for plants), fauna (for animals), and, in the 21st century, funga (for fungi) are also used for life present in a particular region or time.
Lavrion Square–Strofyli railway
The Lavrion Square–Strofyli railway (Greek: Σιδηροδρομική Γραμμή Πλατείας Λαυρίου - Στροφυλίου) was a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre-gauge railway line that ran from Lavrion Square (near Omonoia Square) in downtown Athens to the northern suburb of Kifissia and its local neighbourhood of Strofyli.

Kifissia metro station
Kifissia (Greek: Κηφισιά, Kifisia) is a metro station in Kifissia, Athens, Greece. It is the northern terminus of Athens Metro Line 1, located 25.655 km from the starting point in Piraeus. The station was opened on 10 August 1957, and was renovated for the 2004 Summer Olympics.
Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Li'l Champs 2017
Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs 2017 (stylised as Saregamapa Li'l Champs) is an Indian singing competition television series which premiered on 25 February 2017 on Zee TV. In a back-to-school format that lends itself to a spirited atmosphere of camaraderie and fun, the L’il Champs represent their schools.

For the first time in L'il Champs, they have incorporated the format created for Sa Re Ga Ma Pa 2016. There is a 30-member Grand Jury which grades the contestants and the average percentage of their scores is displayed. Himesh Reshammiya, Neha Kakkar and Javed Ali are the mentors in the show, whereas Aditya Narayan is the host.  The show went off air on 29 October 2017 following the Great Grand Finale in Jaipur.  Shreyan Bhattacharya and Anjali Gaikwad were announced as the winners.

Javed Ali
Javed Ali is an Indian playback singer who predominantly sings in Hindi. He has also sung in various Indian languages including Bengali, Kannada, Malayalam, Gujarati, Marathi, Odia, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu.