hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lotus International Character Set
The Lotus International Character Set (LICS) is a proprietary single-byte character encoding introduced in 1985 by Lotus Development Corporation. It is based on the 1983 DEC Multinational Character Set (MCS) for VT220 terminals. As such, LICS is also similar to two other descendants of MCS, the ECMA-94 character set of 1985 and the ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) character set of 1987.

LICS was first introduced as the character set of Lotus 1-2-3 Release 2 for DOS in 1985. It is also utilized by 2.01, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 as well as by Symphony. It was also utilized in a number of third-party spreadsheet products emulating the file format. LICS was superseded by the Lotus Multi-Byte Character Set (LMBCS) introduced by Lotus 1-2-3 Release 3 in 1989.

Lotus Symphony (MS-DOS)
Lotus Symphony was an integrated software package for creating and editing text, spreadsheets, charts and other documents on the MS-DOS operating systems. It was released by Lotus Development as a follow-on to its popular spreadsheet program, Lotus 1-2-3, and was produced from 1984 to 1992. Lotus Jazz on the Apple Macintosh was a sibling product.

IBM revived the name Lotus Symphony in 2007 for a new office suite based on OpenOffice.org, but the two programs are otherwise unrelated.
Tziyyon ha-lo tishali
Tziyyon ha-lo tishali (Hebrew: צִיּוֹן הֲלֹוא תִשְׁאֲלִי, lit. 'Zion, do you not inquire'), also transcribed Siyyon ha-lo' Tishaliy, is a Hebrew-language poem composed by Judah Halevi (c. 1075–1141), one of the most prominent Jewish poets of medieval Spain. The poem is part of a group known as the "Zion poems," which express longing for the Land of Israel. The poem became a model for later Hebrew poetry both in structure and theme and entered the liturgy of some communities.

Jewish poetry from al-Andalus
The golden age of Jewish poetry in Al-Andalus developed in the literary courts of the various taifas. Like its Arabic counterpart, its production diminished in the 12th century under the rule of the Almoravids and Almohads. In the last part of the 10th century, Dunash ben Labrat revolutionized Jewish poetry in Al-Andalus by bringing Arabic meter and monorhyme into Hebrew writing. Jewish poets employed Arabic poetic themes, writing bacchic poetry, garden poetry, and love poetry.
Midrash Tehillim
Midrash Tehillim (Hebrew: מדרש תהלים), also known as Midrash Psalms or Midrash Shocher Tov, is an aggadic midrash to the Psalms.

Midrash Tehillim can be divided into two parts: the first covering Psalms 1–118, the second covering 119–150. The first (and earlier) part has much material dating back to the Talmudic period, although its final composition took place between the 7th and 9th centuries AD. The second part appears to have been compiled in 13th century.

It has been known since the 11th century, when it was quoted by Nathan of Rome, by R. Isaac ben Judah ibn Ghayyat, and by Rashi, who quoted it in his commentary on I Samuel 17:49, and on many other passages.

Aggadah
Aggadah (Hebrew: אַגָּדָה, romanized: Aggāḏā, or הַגָּדָה Haggāḏā; Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אֲגַדְתָּא, romanized: Aggāḏṯā; 'tales', 'legend', 'lore') is the non-legalistic exegesis which appears in the classical rabbinic literature of Judaism, particularly the Talmud and Midrash. In general, Aggadah is a compendium of rabbinic texts that incorporates folklore, historical anecdotes, moral exhortations, and practical advice in various spheres, from business to medicine. The predominant rabbinic holding is that Aggadah is meant to impart moral or theological truths through the form of allegory in order to be accessible, and it does not have to be taken literally.
Bidar Local Authorities constituency
Bidar Local Authorities Constituency is one of the 20 Local Authorities constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Council in the Indian state of Karnataka. This constituency elects members to the upper house of the Karnataka legislature through an indirect electoral process involving local government representatives.

Karnataka Legislative Council
The Karnataka Legislative Council (formerly the Mysore Legislative Council) is the upper house of the state legislature of Karnataka in India. Karnataka is one of six Indian states with a bicameral legislature; the Legislative Assembly is the lower house. The Council is a permanent body of 75 members, of whom 64 are elected in various ways in staggered elections and 11 are appointed by the Governor of Karnataka. Members hold their seats for six-year terms.
Smiubelgin
Smiubelgin is a mountain range in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the western part of Rondane National Park, separated from the eastern part by the lake Rondvatnet. The Smiubelgen mountains have sharper ridges than the eastern part of Rondane. The mountain range is located along the border between Sel Municipality and Dovre Municipality.

The meaning of the name is 'the blacksmith's bellows'. (See also Storsmeden and Veslesmeden.)

Mountains in the Smiubelgen area include:

Trolltinden 2,018 metres (6,621 ft) (earlier Sagtinden)

Storsmeden 2,016 m (6,614 ft)

Veslesmeden 2,015 m (6,611 ft)

Steet 1,996 m (6,549 ft)

Ljosåbelgen 1,948 m (6,391 ft)

Bråkedalsbelgen 1,915 m (6,283 ft)

Veslesmeden
Veslesmeden is a mountain in Dovre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 2,015-metre (6,611 ft) tall mountain is located in the Rondane mountains and inside the Rondane National Park, about 18 kilometres (11 mi) northeast of the town of Otta and about 37 kilometres (23 mi) southeast of the village of Dombås. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Digerronden and Høgronden to the northeast, Rondeslottet to the east, Storsmeden to the south, Sagtindan and Trolltinden to the west; Gråhøe and Vassberget to the northwest; and Stygghøin to the north.

The mountain is easily hiked from the cabin Rondvassbu (DNT). Experienced mountain hikers may scramble to Storsmeden from Veslesmeden.
Frostpunk 2
Frostpunk 2 is a city-building survival video game developed and published by 11 Bit Studios. Set 30 years after the original game, Frostpunk 2 tasks players to take on the role of a leader in an alternate history early 20th century in order to build and manage a city during a catastrophic, worldwide volcanic winter that almost completely destroyed human civilization while making morally and politically controversial choices to ensure its survival. The game was released for macOS and Windows PC on September 20, 2024, with a later release for PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X and Series S on September 18, 2025.

City-building game
A city-building game, citybuilder or town-building game, is a genre of simulation video game where players act as the overall planner and leader of a city or town, looking down on it from above, and being responsible for its growth and management strategy. Players choose building placement and city management features such as salaries and work priorities, and the city develops accordingly.

City-building games such as SimCity, Cities XXL or Cities: Skylines are considered a type of construction and management simulation.
Woytchugga Lacuna
Woytchugga Lacuna is one of the largest lakes of Titan.

It is located at 68°53′ N and 109°00′ W on Titan's surface and at 449 km in length it is the longest Titanean lake and third longest body of a number of "hydro-carbon lakes" found on Saturn's largest moon". The lake is composed of liquid ethane and methane, and was detected by the Cassini–Huygens space probe.
Indications are that it is an intermittent lake and so was named in 2013 after Lake Woytchugga near Wilcannia, Australia.

Lakes and rivers of Titan
Lakes of liquid ethane and methane exist on the surface of Titan, Saturn's largest moon. This was confirmed by the Cassini–Huygens space probe, as had been suspected since the 1980s. The large bodies of liquid are known as maria (seas) and the small ones as lacūs (lakes).
Larkfield & New Hythe Wanderers F.C.
Larkfield & New Hythe Wanderers Football Club is a football club based in New Hythe, England. They are currently members of the Southern Counties East League Premier Division and play at Larkfield & New Hythe Sports Club.

Southern Counties East Football League
The Southern Counties East Football League is an English football league established in 1966, which has teams based in Kent and Southeast London. Its two divisions are allocated at Step 5 and Step 6 of the National League System (which equates to Levels 9–10 of the overall English football league system). At its inception it was known as the Kent Premier League, and until 2013 as the Kent League.

There is no direct connection between this league and a previous Kent League that existed from 1894 to 1959, despite many clubs having spells of membership in both leagues.
Fear in the Night (1972 film)
Fear in the Night (also known as Dynasty of Fear and Honeymoon of Fear) is a 1972 British psychological horror film directed, produced, and co-written by Jimmy Sangster, produced by Hammer Film Productions, and starring Judy Geeson, Joan Collins, Peter Cushing, and Ralph Bates. It focuses on a psychologically fragile woman who, upon relocating to a rural boarding school where her husband has taken a job, finds herself being tormented by a mysterious figure with a prosthetic arm.

Like many horror films of its era, Fear in the Night has been noted for its usage of female hysteria as a central narrative motif, and was released as a double bill in the United Kingdom with Straight on Till Morning, another Hammer film featuring similar themes. In the United States, the film was released as part of a double bill with Demons of the Mind.

Demons of the Mind
Demons of the Mind is a 1972 British horror film, directed by Peter Sykes and starring Paul Jones, Gillian Hills, Robert Hardy, Patrick Magee, Michael Hordern and Shane Briant. It was produced by Anglo-EMI, Frank Godwin Productions and Hammer Film Productions, and written by Christopher Wicking, based on a story by Frank Godwin.
Amarna letter EA 100
Amarna letter EA 100, titled: "The City of Irqata to the King" is a short to moderate-length clay tablet Amarna letter from the city-state of Irqata, (modern Arqa, Lebanon), written during the Middle Babylonian Period to the Pharaoh of Egypt. Only one other city sent a clay tablet Amarna letter to the Pharaoh, namely Tunip, letter EA 59, titled: "From the Citizens of Tunip".

The letter concerns the "watch-guarding" of Irqata, regional warfare (with the Habiru/'Apiru), and the city's continued protection, and loyalty to the Egyptian Pharaoh. The letter implies their loyalty, their constant vigilance, and need for assistance from the Pharaoh, either implied by troop needs, or at least awareness from the Pharaoh, of their needs.

EA 100 is located at the British Museum, no 29825. Tablet letter EA 100 can be viewed here: Obverse: , Reverse: .

ʿApiru
ʿApiru (Ugaritic: 𐎓𐎔𐎗𐎎, romanized: ʿPRM, Ancient Egyptian: 𓂝𓐰𓊪𓐰𓂋𓅱𓀀𓏪, romanized: Ꜥprw), also known in the Akkadian version Ḫabiru (sometimes written Habiru, Ḫapiru or Hapiru; Akkadian:  𒄩𒁉𒊒, ḫa-bi-ru or *ʿaperu) is a term used in 2nd-millennium BCE texts throughout the Fertile Crescent for a social status of people who were variously described as rebels, outlaws, raiders, mercenaries, bowmen, servants, slaves, and laborers.

Due to the linguistic similarity between the term 'Apiru and "Hebrew," early scholars equated them with the Israelites. However, most contemporary scholars now regard the connection as indirect, suggesting that while some early Israelites may have originated from this group, they likely adopted the linguistic label in the process.
Bevendale, New South Wales
Bevendale is a rural town located in the Southern Tablelands in New South Wales, Australia. It is 25 km (16 mi) north of Dalton and is located in the Upper Lachlan Shire. The Hume Highway passes through the south of Bevendale.

Bevendale is a small rural town with only a population of three people, with 224 living in the general Bevendale area at the 2011 census. The area has little to no cellular phone reception. Dalton is the nearest service town, with residents also heading to Gunning to trade in the markets there.

Dalton, New South Wales
Dalton is a small inland country town in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia, in Upper Lachlan Shire. The population was 230 in the 2021 census.

A small river, Oolong Creek, runs through the town, which is situated in an earthquake-prone region.
Operator theory
In mathematics, operator theory is the study of linear operators on function spaces, beginning with differential operators and integral operators. The operators may be presented abstractly by their characteristics, such as bounded linear operators or closed operators, and consideration may be given to nonlinear operators. The study, which depends heavily on the topology of function spaces, is a branch of functional analysis.

If a collection of operators forms an algebra over a field, then it is an operator algebra. The description of operator algebras is part of operator theory.

Operator algebra
In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, an operator algebra is an algebra of continuous linear operators on a topological vector space, with the multiplication given by the composition of mappings.

The results obtained in the study of operator algebras are often phrased in algebraic terms, while the techniques used are often highly analytic.  Although the study of operator algebras is usually classified as a branch of functional analysis, it has direct applications to representation theory, differential geometry, quantum statistical mechanics, quantum information, and quantum field theory.
Standing Committee on Communications, Sport and the Arts
The Standing Committee on Communications and the Arts is a committee of the Australian House of Representatives. The committee is a "General Purpose Standing Committee" governed by Standing Order 215. It consists of nine members, five government members and four non-government members (three members of the official opposition and one member of the crossbench). The chair is appointed by the Prime Minister and the deputy chair by the Leader of the Opposition under Standing Order 232.

Australian House of Representatives committees
Parliamentary committees of the Australian House of Representatives are groups of Members of Parliament, appointed by the House of Representatives, to undertake certain specified tasks. They comprise government and non-government Members and have considerable powers to undertake work on behalf of the Parliament.
Sacred Heart Church (Saratoga, California)
Sacred Heart Church is a Roman Catholic parish in Saratoga, California. The church is a part of the Diocese of San Jose in California. The current pastor of Sacred Heart is Father Gary Thomas. He has held the position since May 2006.

Diocese of San José in California
The Diocese of San José in California (Latin: Diœcesis Sancti Josephi in California) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in Santa Clara County in California in the United States. The mother church is the Cathedral Basilica of St. Joseph in San Jose.
Louis Lacoste
Louis Lacoste (April 3, 1798 – November 26, 1878) was a notary and political figure in Lower Canada and then Canada East, Province of Canada (now Quebec).  He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, supporting Louis-Joseph Papineau and the Parti patriote.  During the Lower Canada Rebellion he was imprisoned without trial, for his activities in the lead-up to the Rebellion.  
Following the creation of the Province of Canada, he was a member of the new Legislative Assembly for several years, and then a member of the Legislative Council.  He was one of the original members of the Senate of Canada from 1867 to 1878.

Louis-Joseph Papineau
Louis-Joseph Papineau (French pronunciation: [lwi ʒozɛf papino]; October 7, 1786 – September 23, 1871), born in Montreal, Quebec, was a politician, lawyer, and the landlord of the seigneurie de la Petite-Nation. He led the reformist Patriote movement, organized boycotts against British imports, and then led the unsuccessful Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837–1838. He later served two terms as member of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada. His father was Joseph Papineau, also a Quebec politician. Papineau was the grandfather of the journalist Henri Bourassa, founder of the newspaper Le Devoir.
Benjamin O'Fallon
Benjamin O'Fallon (1793–1842) was an Indian agent along the upper areas of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. He interacted with Native Americans as a trader and Indian agent. He was against British trappers and traders operating in the United States and territories. He believed that the military should have taken a strong stance against the British and firm in negotiations with Native Americans. Despite his brash manner and contention with the military, he was able to negotiate treaties between native and white Americans. In his early and later careers, he built gristmills, was a retailer, and a planter. He collected Native American artifacts and paintings of tribe members by George Catlin. His uncle William Clark was his guardian and financial backer.

William Clark
William Clark (August 1, 1770 – September 1, 1838) was an American explorer, soldier, Indian agent, and territorial governor. A native of Virginia, he grew up in pre-statehood Kentucky before later settling in what became the state of Missouri.

Along with Meriwether Lewis, Clark led the Lewis and Clark Expedition of 1804–1806 across the Louisiana Purchase to the Pacific Ocean, the first major effort to explore and map much of what is now the Western United States and to assert American claims to the Pacific Northwest. Before the expedition, he served in a militia and the United States Army. Afterward, he served in a militia and as governor of the Missouri Territory. From 1822 until his death in 1838, he served as a U.S. Superintendent of Indian Affairs in St. Louis.
Jeffery Miller
Jeffery Oliver Miller (born February 9, 1996) is an American trombonist, vocalist, composer, arranger and bandleader primarily known for his work in jazz and pop music. He was worked with Delfeayo Marsalis, Wynton Marsalis, Jon Batiste & Stay Human, Preservation Hall Jazz Band and John Legend, among others.

Wynton Marsalis
Wynton Learson Marsalis (born October 18, 1961) is an American trumpeter, composer, and music instructor, who is currently the artistic director of Jazz at Lincoln Center. He has been active in promoting classical and jazz music, often to young audiences. Marsalis has won nine Grammy Awards, and his 1997 oratorio Blood on the Fields was the first jazz composition to win the Pulitzer Prize for Music. Marsalis is the only musician to have won a Grammy Award in both jazz and classical categories in the same year.
Provincial League (1936–37)
The Provincial League (1936–1937) was a league competition for speedway teams in the United Kingdom.

The league was formed after Mr B. Southouse (the Cardiff speedway manager for the Greyhound Racing Association) proposed that a new league be formed and organised a syndicate, including Nottingham and Liverpool speedway.

The Provincial League was created as a second tier to the National League in 1936 but was renamed National League Division Two in 1938.

The 'Provincial League' name was re-used for a breakaway league from the National League in 1960.

National League (1932–1964)
The National League was the main speedway league in the United Kingdom from 1932 until 1964, after which it merged with the Provincial League to form the British League. Prior to 1932 there were only small regional leagues competing within the sport in the UK, with the Northern League and the Southern League merging for the inaugural 1932 season.
Geldhung
Geldhung is a mountain of the Garhwal Himalaya in Uttarakhand India. It is situated in the Kamet range. The elevation of Geldhung is 6,163 metres (20,220 ft) and its prominence is 554 metres (1,818 ft). It is 146th highest located entirely within the Uttrakhand. Nanda Devi, is the highest mountain in this category. It lies 11 km SSE of Ganesh Parbat 6,532 metres (21,430 ft) . Bidhan Parbat 6,520 metres (21,391 ft) lies 12 km WSW and It lies 19.8 km ESE of Kamet 7,756 metres (25,446 ft). It lies 19.5 km East of Mana NW 7,092 metres (23,268 ft).

Kamet
Kamet (Hindi: कामेत) is the second-highest mountain in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India, after Nanda Devi. It is the 29th highest mountain in the world. It lies in the Chamoli District of Uttarakhand.
Its appearance resembles a giant pyramid topped by a flat summit area with two peaks.
1st Tank Battalion
The 1st Tank Battalion was an armor battalion of the United States Marine Corps which was based out of the Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms, California.  It last fell under the command of the 1st Marine Division and I Marine Expeditionary Force.  The unit was decommissioned in May 2021 as part of the service Force Design 2030 initiative which saw it move away from larger armor formations.

1st Marine Division
The 1st Marine Division (1st MARDIV) is a Marine division of the United States Marine Corps headquartered at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, California. It is the ground combat element of the I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF).

It is the oldest and largest active duty division in the United States Marine Corps, representing a combat-ready force of 22,000 personnel. It is one of three active duty divisions in the Marine Corps today and is a multi-role, expeditionary ground combat force. It is nicknamed "The Old Breed".
California State Route 144
State Route 144 (SR 144) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that runs through the Sycamore Canyon in Santa Barbara. It travels along Sycamore Canyon Road from its intersection with Alameda Padre Serra at the Five Points Roundabout to Stanwood Drive (State Route 192).

California State Route 192
State Route 192 (SR 192) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California. The route runs from State Route 154 near Santa Barbara to State Route 150 near the Santa Barbara–Ventura county line. The two-lane road is better known as Foothill Road, as the route runs parallel to the foothills of the Santa Ynez Mountains.
Tree nut allergy
A tree nut allergy is a hypersensitivity to dietary substances from tree nuts and edible tree seeds, causing an overreaction of the immune system, which may lead to severe physical symptoms. Tree nuts include almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, chestnuts, filberts/hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pistachios, shea nuts, and walnuts.

Management is by avoiding eating the causal nuts  or foods that contain them among their ingredients, and a prompt treatment if there is an accidental ingestion. Total avoidance is complicated because the declaration of the presence of trace amounts of allergens in foods is not mandatory in every country.

Tree nut allergies are distinct from peanut allergy, as peanuts are legumes, whereas a tree nut is a hard-shelled nut.

Brazil nut
Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) refers to a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae as well as the tree's commercially-harvested edible seeds. It is one of the largest and longest-lived trees in the Amazon rainforest. The fruit and its nutshell – containing the edible nut – are relatively large and weigh as much as 2 kg (4.4 lb) in total. As food, Brazil nuts are notable for diverse content of micronutrients, especially a high amount of selenium. The wood of the Brazil nut tree is prized for its quality in carpentry, flooring, and heavy construction.

In 2023, Brazil and Bolivia combined produced 91% of the world total of Brazil nuts.