hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St. John Vianney High School (Kirkwood, Missouri)
St. John Vianney High School (a.k.a. Vianney High School, or simply Vianney) is a Marianist private, all-boys Catholic college preparatory school in Kirkwood, Missouri. The school was opened in 1960 by the Society of Mary, a religious order of priests and brothers who continue to run the school, and is part of the Archdiocese of Saint Louis, along with the Marianists' Chaminade College Preparatory School and St. Mary's High School.

Society of Mary (Marianists)
The Society of Mary (Latin: Societas Mariae, abbreviated S.M.) is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for men (brothers and priests) commonly known as the Marianists or Marianist Brothers and Priests. Members append the post-nominal letters "S.M." to their names to signify membership. Founded by William Joseph Chaminade, a priest who endured the anti-clerical persecution during the French Revolution, the Society is one of four branches of the Marianist Family, which includes the Daughters of Mary Immaculate (FMI), Alliance Mariale, and Marianist Lay Communities. The Marianists draw inspiration from Mary as a model of faith, emphasizing a spirituality of service, education, and community. They aim to share their faith, work with the marginalized, and foster holistic education of the mind, body, and soul.
Iraq Survey Group
The Iraq Survey Group (ISG) was a fact-finding mission sent by the multinational force in Iraq to find the weapons of mass destruction alleged to be possessed by Iraq that had been the main ostensible reason for the invasion in 2003. Its final report, Comprehensive Report of the Special Advisor to the Director of Central Intelligence on Iraq WMD (commonly referred to as the Duelfer Report, named after the head of the ISG Charles A. Duelfer), was submitted to Congress and the president in 2004. It consisted of a 1,400-member international team organized by the Pentagon and Central Intelligence Agency to hunt for the alleged stockpiles of weapons of mass destruction, including chemical and biological agents, and any supporting research programs and infrastructure that could be used to develop WMD. The report acknowledged that only small stockpiles of chemical WMDs were found, the numbers being inadequate to pose a militarily significant threat.

Charles A. Duelfer
Charles A. Duelfer is Chairman of Omnis, Inc., a consulting firm in aerospace, defense, intelligence, training, and finance. He is a regular commentator in the media on intelligence and foreign policy and is the author of Hide and Seek: The Search for Truth in Iraq.

Previously, Duelfer was the Deputy Executive Chairman and then Acting Chairman of the UN Special Commission on Iraq (UNSCOM) from 1993 until its termination in 2000.
Hand spinning
Spinning is an ancient textile art in which plant, animal or synthetic fibres are drawn out and twisted together to form yarn. For thousands of years, fibre was spun by hand using simple tools, the spindle and distaff. After the introduction of the spinning wheel in the 13th century, the output of individual spinners increased dramatically. Mass production later arose in the 18th century with the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution. Hand-spinning remains a popular handicraft.

Characteristics of spun yarn vary according to the material used, fibre length and alignment, quantity of fibre used, and degree of twist.

Synthetic fiber
Synthetic fibers or synthetic fibres (in British English; see spelling differences) are fibers made by humans through chemical synthesis, as opposed to natural fibers that are directly derived from living organisms, such as plants like cotton or fur from animals. They are the result of extensive research by scientists aimed at replicating naturally occurring animal and plant fibers. In general, synthetic fibers are created by extruding fiber-forming materials through spinnerets, forming a fiber. These are called synthetic or artificial fibers. The word 'polymer' comes from the Greek prefix 'poly,' which means 'many,' and the suffix 'mer,' which means 'single units'. (Note: each single unit of a polymer is called a monomer).
Silky Nutmeg Ganache
Silky Nutmeg Ganache (born December 31, 1990) is an American drag performer most known for competing on the eleventh season (2019) of RuPaul's Drag Race and on the sixth season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars in 2021. She has also been involved in numerous Drag Race spin-offs, including RuPaul's Drag Race: Vegas Revue (2020) and RuPaul's Secret Celebrity Drag Race (2022). She also competed in the first Canadian-based international All Stars spin-off series, Canada's Drag Race: Canada vs. the World in 2022, finishing as a runner-up.

RuPaul's Drag Race season 11
The eleventh season of RuPaul's Drag Race aired on VH1 from February 28, 2019, to May 30, 2019. The cast featured fourteen new queens and one returning queen; at the time of its premiere, Season 11 featured the largest cast of the franchise, with fifteen queens, though this was later surpassed by Season 15, which featured sixteen contestants. The queens were revealed during a livestream, hosted by Season 10 winner Aquaria and figure skater Adam Rippon, on January 24, 2019.

The winner of the eleventh season of RuPaul's Drag Race was Yvie Oddly, with Brooke Lynn Hytes being the runner-up and Nina West crowned as Miss Congeniality. Drag Race Season 10's first-eliminated contestant, Vanessa Vanjie Mateo, returned to the competition, by popular demand, being the first to enter the workroom and ultimately placing fifth.
Cornish engine valve gear
Valve gear opens and closes valves in the correct order. In rotating engines valve timings can be driven by eccentrics or cranks, but in non-rotative beam engines these options are not available. In the Cornish engine valves are driven either manually or through ‘plug rods’ and tappets driven from the beam. This permits the insertions of delays at various points in the cycle, allowing a Cornish Engine to vary from one stroke in ten minutes, to ten or more strokes in one minute,: 72  but also leads to some less familiar components when compared with rotative engines.

Tappet
A tappet or valve lifter is a valve train component which converts rotational motion into linear motion in activating a valve. It is most commonly found in internal combustion engines, where it converts the rotational motion of the camshaft into linear motion of intake and exhaust valves, either directly or indirectly.

An earlier use of the term was for part of the valve gear in beam engines beginning in 1715. The term is also used for components in pneumatic cylinders and weaving loom.
Swiss Cottage, Cahir
The Swiss Cottage is an early 19th-century cottage orné (ornamental cottage) located at Kilcommon near the town of Cahir, County Tipperary in Ireland. It is managed by the Office of Public Works and open to the public as a tourist attraction.

Cottage orné
Cottage orné (French for 'decorated cottage') dates back to a movement of "rustic" stylised cottages of the late 18th and early 19th centuries during the Romantic movement, when some sought to discover a more natural way of living as opposed to the formality of the preceding Baroque and Neoclassical architectural styles. English Heritage defines the term as "A rustic building of picturesque design." Cottages ornés often feature well-shaped thatch roofs with ornate timberwork.
Cahuide
Cahuide was an Inca nobleman and warrior of the 16th century (1536) in Cuzco, Peru, who participated in the battle of Sacsayhuamán, led by Manco Inca.

In one of his battles when the castle he was defending fell into the hands of Conquistador, he jumped from the top of one of the three towers of Sacsayhuamán, called Muyuq Marka, so as not to surrender to his enemies.

Manco Inca Yupanqui
Manco Inca Yupanqui (c. 1515 – 1544) was the founder and first Sapa Inca of the independent Neo-Inca State in Vilcabamba, although he was originally a puppet Inca Emperor installed by the Spaniards. He was also known as Manco II and Manco Cápac II. He was one of the sons of Huayna Cápac and a younger brother of Huáscar.: 150
Max Hollein
Max Hollein (born 7 July 1969) is an Austrian art historian and the CEO and Director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. He was Director and CEO of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco from July 2016, until April 2018, when the Metropolitan Museum of Art announced that Hollein would become its 10th director.

Hollein oversaw both the de Young and the Legion of Honor museums, which together are the seventh most-visited art institutions in the United States, with 1.4 million visitors in 2016. Hollein joined the Fine Arts Museums in July 2016 from his position as the director of  Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt, Städel Museum and the Liebieghaus Skulpturensammlung.

De Young Museum
The de Young Museum, formally the M. H. de Young Memorial Museum, is a fine arts museum located in San Francisco, California, United States, named for early San Francisco newspaperman M. H. de Young. Located on the West Side of the city in Golden Gate Park, it is a component of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, along with the Legion of Honor. In 2024, the two combined museums were ranked 15th in The Washington Post's list of the best art museums in the U.S.

The museum received 999,645 visitors in 2023, ranking as the 22nd most-visited museum in the United States, and the 82nd most-visited art museum in the world.
Hajr
Hajr (Arabic: حَجْر, romanized: Ḥajr), also known as Hajr al-Yamamah (Arabic: حَجْر اليَمامَة, romanized: Ḥajr al-Yamāmah) or Khadra Hajr, was an ancient city founded by the Hanifites that roughly emerged in 5th century pre-Islamic Arabia and existed until 16th century in modern-day Riyadh in the Najd region of present-day Saudi Arabia.

Hajr was the seat of the historical al-Yamama region until 866 AD when the Ukhaydhirites seceded the area from the control of the Abbasids and shifted their capital to al-Kharj. Consequently, Hajr underwent severe economic and political decline due to prolonged droughts besides simultaneously being gripped in feudalistic conflicts with its neighbors such as Diriyah and Manfuhah. Hajr subsequently witnessed gradual fragmentation and disintegration and eventually got succeeded by various rival towns such as Migrin (or Miqrin) and Miʼkal by the end of 16th century, though the name Hajr continued to appear in local folk poetry.

Diriyah
Diriyah (Arabic: الدِرْعِيّة, romanized: ad-Dir‘īyah, lit. 'place of armor'; formerly romanized as Dereyeh and Dariyya) is a town and governorate in Saudi Arabia. Located on the northwestern outskirts of the Saudi capital, Riyadh, Diriyah was the original home of the House of Saud, and served as the capital of the Emirate of Diriyah under the first Saudi dynasty from 1727 to 1818. Today, the town is the seat of the Diriyah Governorate, which also includes the villages of Uyayna, Jubayla, and Al-Ammariyyah, among others—and is part of Riyadh Province.

At-Turaif District, the first capital of Saudis in Diriyah, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2010. The layout of the city itself can be studied in the National Museum of Saudi Arabia with the help of a large-scale detailed model of the city on display there. Diriyah also hosted the Diriyah ePrix race for the Formula E championship from 2018–2024.
Adam Rigby
Adam Rigby is an English wheelchair rugby league player and referee who plays for Wigan Warriors in the RFL Wheelchair Super League. He is a former England international, having retired internationally in May 2025.

RFL Wheelchair Super League
The RFL Wheelchair Super League is the highest level of wheelchair rugby league in England, Scotland and Wales.

The Wheelchair Super League was founded in 2019, whilst the wheelchair competition was played in Great Britain prior to this, 2019 was the first official Super League season.

The league operates a promotion and relegation system with the second tier RFL Wheelchair Championship.

Starting in 2023, the previous year's league champions play the previous year's French Elite 1 champions in the European Club Challenge.
History of Eswatini
Artifacts indicating human activity dating back to the early Stone Age have been found in the Kingdom of Eswatini. The earliest known inhabitants of the region were Khoisan hunter-gatherers. Later, the population became predominantly Nguni during and after the great Bantu migrations. People speaking languages ancestral to the current Sotho and Nguni languages began settling no later than the 11th century. The country now derives its name from a 19th century king named Mswati II. Mswati II was the greatest of the fighting kings of Eswatini, and he greatly extended the area of the country to twice its current size. The people of Eswatini largely belong to a number of clans that can be categorized as Emakhandzambili , Bemdzabuko and Emafikamuva, depending on when and how they settled in Eswatini.

Emakhandzambili
The Emakhandzambili (Siswati: meaning "those found ahead") refers to the groups that were already settled in the  Eswatini region prior to the migration of the Dlamini-led Swazi people.

The Emakhandzambili were primarily of Sotho and Tsonga origin  and were incorporated into the Swazi polity by the Bemdzabuko ("original Swazis") during the 18th and 19th centuries when the Kingdom of Eswatini was rising. The term also distinguished the Emakhandzambili from the Emafikamuva ("those who came later").

Prominent Emakhandzambili clans include the Maseko, Magagula, Mnisi, Makhubu, Mashinini, Msimango, Motsa, Mahlangu, Gwebu, Bhembe, Zwane, Shongwe, Tsabetse, Shabalala, Maziya, Sifundza and Ngcampalala. These clans were integrated into the Swazi kingdom and their inclusion expanded the kingdom’s manpower and influence.
Eric Angle
Eric Angle (born August 8, 1967) is an American former amateur and professional wrestler. He is the older brother of professional wrestler Kurt Angle with whom he worked in occasional storylines in World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWF/WWE).

Amateur wrestling
Amateur wrestling is a variant of wrestling practiced at Olympic, collegiate, scholastic, and other levels. There are two international wrestling styles performed at the Olympic Games, freestyle and Greco-Roman, both of which are governed by the United World Wrestling (UWW).

At the middle school and high school levels in the United States, wrestlers compete in scholastic wrestling. In collegiate wrestling, there are minor differences in some scholastic wrestling rules.

The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts (MMA) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness within the sport and its consideration as a core discipline.
Pangaltı Catholic Cemetery
Pangaltı Roman Catholic Cemetery (Turkish: Pangaltı Fransız Latin Katolik Mezarlığı), also known as Feriköy Latin Catholic Cemetery (Turkish: Feriköy Latin Katolik Mezarlığı), is a historic Christian cemetery in Istanbul, Turkey. It is the largest Catholic cemetery in Istanbul. The cemetery is located in the Feriköy neighborhood of the Şişli district, nearly 3 km (1.9 mi) north of Taksim Square. The main Protestant burial ground of the city; Feriköy Protestant Cemetery, Istanbul lies immediately across the Catholic cemetery. The two neighboring cemeteries are divided by the Abide-i Hürriyet Avenue.

Şişli
Şişli (pronounced [ˈʃiʃli]) is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 10 km2, and its population is 276,528 (2022). Located on the European side of the city, it is bordered by Beşiktaş to the east, Sarıyer to the north, Eyüp and Kağıthane to the west, and Beyoğlu to the south. It is also the name of a specific area of Şişli district centered on the Sişli Mosque.
EB/Streymur/Skála
EB/Streymur/Skála is a Faroese women's football team based in Skála and Streymnes. The team is the result of a cooperation between the women's football departments of EB/Streymur and Skála ÍF. They won the 1. deild kvinnur for the first time in 2017, ending KÍ's run of 17 consecutive titles.

Skála ÍF
Skála Ítróttarfelag (Skála ÍF) is a Faroese football club based in Skáli, municipality of Runavík. The club was founded on 15 May 1965. They currently play in the Betrideildin, which is the top football league of the Faroe Islands. They were promoted to the top league after winning the 2015 season of 1, deild with 70 points. They were also promoted to the top tier after the 2013 season, but were relegated after one year in the Effodeildin.

The 2005 season was the best in the club's history as Skála finished second and qualified for the 2006–07 UEFA Cup.
Ivan Addae Mensah
Ivan Addae-Mensah, FGA, FRSC, CV (born 10 January 1942) is a Ghanaian chemist and university administrator who served as the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ghana, Legon from 1996 to 2002. He is an Emeritus Professor of Chemistry at the same institution. He is a Life Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, Fellow of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences and a Fellow of the Ghana Chemical Society.

Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences (GAAS) is a learned society for the arts and sciences based in Accra, Ghana. The institution was founded in November 1959 by Kwame Nkrumah with the aim to promote the pursuit, advancement and dissemination of knowledge in all branches of the sciences and the humanities.
Aurelie Le Vern
Aurélie Le Vern (born 12 July 1991) is a French Brazilian jiu-jitsu black belt practitioner signed to UFC Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (UFC BJJ). A three-time World and IBJJF European Open Champion in colored belts, Le Vern is a IBJJF World Championship and IBJJF Pan Championship medallist. In 2025, she became the inaugural UFC BJJ Women's Featherweight Champion.

World IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu Championship
The World IBJJF Jiu-Jitsu Championship is a Brazilian jiu-jitsu tournament held annually by the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation. It is widely considered  the most  important and prestigious jiu-jitsu tournament of the year.

The first edition took place in February 1996 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Since 2007 the tournament has been held  in California. The last edition of the championship took place at the Walter Pyramid in Long Beach California in 2025.
Renaissance Credit
Renaissance Credit (Russian: Банк Ренессанс) is a Russian commercial bank providing retail banking services and headquartered in Moscow. The financial institution focuses on the consumer lending market and is one of the Top-100 Russian banks. Renaissance Credit (along with its parent company Renaissance Capital) is a subsidiary of ONEXIM Group. In 2013, Russian billionaire Mikhail Prokhorov took the largest stake in Renaissance Credit through his company Onexim Group.

As with other Russian banks, Renaissance Credit was sanctioned by the United States government after Russian invasion of Ukraine, in response the bank closed its London, New York and Johannesburg offices.

Credit
Credit (from Latin creditum, "loan") is the trust which allows one party to provide money or resources to another party wherein the second party does not reimburse the first party immediately (thereby generating a debt), but promises either to repay or return those resources (or other materials of equal value) at a later date. The resources provided by the first party can be either property, fulfillment of promises, or performances. In other words, credit is a method of making reciprocity formal, legally enforceable, and extensible to a large group of unrelated people.

The resources provided may be financial (e.g. granting a loan), or they may consist of goods or services (e.g. consumer credit). Credit encompasses any form of deferred payment. Credit is extended by a creditor, also known as a lender, to a debtor, also known as a borrower.
Billy Stanlake
Billy James Stanlake (born 4 November 1994) is an Australian cricketer. He is a fast bowler who represented Australia in the 2014 Under-19 Cricket World Cup and played One Day International and Twenty20 International cricket for the full national team. He plays domestic cricket for the Tasmania cricket team and the Hobart Hurricanes in the Big Bash League. Stanlake is the tallest person to ever represent Australia in international cricket, standing at 204 cm.

2014 Under-19 Cricket World Cup
The 2014 ICC Under-19 Cricket World Cup was a one-day cricket competition for sixteen international U-19 cricketing teams which was played in the United Arab Emirates. It was the tenth edition of the Under-19 Cricket World Cup. Sixteen nations competed: the ten Test-playing teams, the United Arab Emirates as hosts, and five additional associate and affiliate qualifiers (Afghanistan, Canada, Namibia, Papua New Guinea, and Scotland). India entered the tournament as defending champions, having won the title in 2012 in Australia under the captaincy of Unmukt Chand.
In the final, South Africa beat Pakistan by six wickets to win the tournament. South Africa captain Aiden Markram was awarded Man of the Series.
Gerri Green
Gerri Germaine Green (pronounced Gary) (born September 14, 1995) is an American professional football defensive end. He played college football at Mississippi State and was selected by the Indianapolis Colts in the sixth round of the 2019 NFL draft. He has also been a member of the New England Patriots, Washington Football Team, Las Vegas Raiders, Tennessee Titans and Chicago Bears.

Mississippi State Bulldogs football
The Mississippi State Bulldogs football program represents Mississippi State University in the sport of American football. The Bulldogs compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as well as the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They also have won one SEC championship in 1941 and a division championship in 1998. The Bulldogs have 27 postseason bowl appearances. The program has produced 38 All-Americans (three consensus), 171 All-SEC selections, and 124 NFL players (11 first-round draft picks). The Bulldogs’ home stadium, Davis Wade Stadium at Scott Field, is the second oldest in the NCAA Division I FBS.
Gram matrix
In linear algebra, the Gram matrix (or Gramian matrix, Gramian) of vectors  in an inner product space is the Hermitian matrix of inner products, whose entries are given by the inner product . If the vectors  are the columns of matrix  then the Gram matrix is  in the general case that the vector coordinates are complex numbers, which simplifies to  for the case that the vector coordinates are real numbers.

An important application is to compute linear independence: a set of vectors are linearly independent if and only if the Gram determinant (the determinant of the Gram matrix) is non-zero.

It is named after Jørgen Pedersen Gram.

Linear independence
In linear algebra,  a set of vectors is said to be linearly independent if there exists no vector in the set that is equal to a linear combination of the other vectors in the set. If such a vector exists, then the vectors are said to be linearly dependent. Linear independence is part of the definition of linear basis.

A vector space can be of finite dimension or infinite dimension depending on the maximum number of linearly independent vectors.  The definition of linear dependence and the ability to determine whether a subset of vectors in a vector space is linearly dependent are central to determining the dimension of a vector space.