hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bimal Kumar Bachhawat
Bimal Kumar Bachhawat (1925–1996; Kolkata, West Bengal) was an Indian neurochemist and glycobiologist, known for his discovery of HMG-CoA lyase, an intermediate in the mevalonate and ketogenesis pathway, and for the elucidation of the molecular cause of metachromatic leukodystrophy, a hereditary disease of the brain His studies on sugar-bearing liposomes led to its use as a carrier for in situ delivery of drugs and hormones to diseased organs and he pioneered the therapy of systemic fungal infections using liposomal formulations. He was a recipient of several awards including the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award, the highest Indian honor in science and technology and an elected fellow of three major Indian science academies. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1990, for his contributions to science.

Neurochemistry
Neurochemistry is the study of chemicals, including neurotransmitters and other molecules such as psychopharmaceuticals and neuropeptides, that control and influence the physiology of the nervous system. This particular field within neuroscience examines how neurochemicals influence the operation of neurons, synapses, and neural networks. Neurochemists analyze the biochemistry and molecular biology of organic compounds in the nervous system, and their roles in such neural processes including cortical plasticity, neurogenesis, and neural differentiation.
Aspartame
Aspartame is an artificial, non-saccharide sweetener commonly used as a sugar substitute in foods and beverages. It is 200 times sweeter than sucrose, and is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide with brand names NutraSweet, Equal, and Canderel. Discovered in 1965, aspartame was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1974 and re-approved in 1981 after its initial approval was briefly revoked.

Aspartame is one of the most studied food additives in the human food supply. Reviews by over 100 governmental regulatory bodies found the ingredient safe for consumption at the normal acceptable daily intake limit.

NutraSweet
The NutraSweet Company is an American nutrient company that produces and markets NutraSweet Neotame, their trademarked brand name for the high-intensity sweetener neotame.

In 2021, NutraSweet was placed 43rd by FoodTalks' list of Top 50 Global Sweetener Companies.

Aspartame was invented by chemists at G. D. Searle & Company in 1965.  In 1983, the Food and Drug Administration approved its use in soft drinks. Searle was bought by Monsanto in 1985. In March 2000, Monsanto, which was then a subsidiary of the Pharmacia corporation, sold NutraSweet to the private equity firm J.W. Childs Associates. In July 2018, Manus Bio Inc. bought the former NutraSweet plant in Augusta, Georgia and reopened the plant to produce the next generation of natural ingredients.
Spherical aberration
In optics, spherical aberration (SA) is a type of aberration found in optical systems that have elements with spherical surfaces. This phenomenon commonly affects lenses and curved mirrors, as these components are often shaped in a spherical manner for ease of manufacturing. Light rays that strike a spherical surface off-centre are refracted or reflected more or less than those that strike close to the centre. This deviation reduces the quality of images produced by optical systems. The effect of spherical aberration was first identified in the 11th century by Ibn al-Haytham who discussed it in his work Kitāb al-Manāẓir.

Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia.
Alfred C. Glassell Jr.
Alfred Curry Glassell Jr. (March 31, 1913 – October 29, 2008) was an American businessman and philanthropist. He made a fortune in the oil and gas industry in Louisiana and Texas and was a co-founder of Transcontinental Pipeline. He amassed a significant collection of gold artifacts and had a long association with the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, also making significant contributions to the Houston Museum of Natural Science and in oceanographic research. As a sport fisherman he set a longstanding record for the largest black marlin caught by handheld rod, weighing 1,560 pounds (710 kg), which is recognised by the International Game Fish Association (IGFA) as the largest bony fish caught by hand.

Transcontinental Pipeline
Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line (Transco) is a natural gas pipeline which brings gas from the Gulf coast of Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama, through Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania to deliver gas to the New Jersey and New York City area.  It is owned by the Williams Companies.  Its FERC code is 29.
Agnes Akiror
Agnes Akiror Egunyu (born 28 July 1968), known as Agnes Akiror, is a Ugandan politician. She is the current State Minister for Teso Affairs in the Cabinet of Uganda. She was appointed to that position on 6 June 2016. Prior to that, from 27 May 2011 until 6 June 2016, she served as Minister of State for Tourism. She replaced Serapio Rukundo, who was dropped from the cabinet. In the cabinet reshuffle of 1 March 2015, she retained her cabinet post. On account of being a cabinet minister, she is an ex-officio Member of Parliament.

Parliament of Uganda
The Parliament of Uganda is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Uganda. One of its primary functions is to pass laws that support effective governance in the country. Government ministers are required to answer to the people's representatives on the floor of the house and may be appointed from amongst its members.

Through the various parliamentary committees, parliament scrutinises government programmes, particularly as outlined in the State of the Nation address by the president. Fiscal matters, such as taxation and loans, require parliamentary approval after appropriate debate.Parliament also holds the authority to confirm certain presidential nominations and, through a motion of censure, may compel a Minister to resign.
Julio Chaná
Julio Chaná Cariola (Santiago, 1 May 1909 – Santiago, 11 August 1995) was a Chilean lawyer, academic, and business association leader. He served as a Minister of State in the portfolio of Mining during the administration of President Jorge Alessandri.

Ministry of Mining (Chile)
The Ministry of Mining (Spanish: Ministerio de Minería) is the cabinet-level administrative office in charge of matters related to mining in Chile. The minister of mining in Chile is also the board president of the National Mining Enterprise (ENAMI).

The mining sector contributed 16.4% of Chile's gross domestic product in 2009, 14,157 billion pesos, mostly from copper mining.

In March 2022, President Gabriel Boric named Marcela Hernando Minister of Mining (Spanish: Ministro de Minería). He was replaced in August 2023 during a cabinet reshuffle with Aurora Williams.
Pichu Sambamoorthi
Pichu Sambamoorthi (1901–1973) was an Indian musicologist, writer and the professor of musicology at the Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati. He was the author several books on music, including A Dictionary of South Indian Music and Musicians, Great composers, South Indian Music, Sruthi Vadyas (Drones) and Laya Vadyas: Time-Keeping Instruments. He was awarded the Madras Music Academy's Sangeetha Kalanidhi in 1972. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1971, for his contributions to music. He was also a 1963 recipient of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship.

Sangita Kalanidhi
Sangita Kalanidhi (transl. Treasure of Music and Art) is the title awarded annually to a Carnatic musician by the Madras Music Academy.

From 1929 to 1941, the award did not exist. The award was conceived in 1942 by Academy President K. V. Krishnaswami Iyer and on 1 January 1943 all musicians who had presided over the annual conferences between 1929 and 1942 were awarded the title. This included 2 or 3 past presidents - Palamarneri Swaminatha Iyer (1931), probably Umayalpuram Swaminatha Iyer (1936) and Mangudi Chidambara Bhagavatar (1937) - but no posthumous award has been presented since then. At times,  1946 is cited as the year of Umayalpuram Swaminatha Iyer's death, in which case he might have received the Sangita Kalanidhi in his lifetime.
Frank Hölzle
Frank Hölzle  (German pronunciation: [ˈhœltslɛ]; born 13 February 1968 in Calw) is a German surgeon. He is a professor of oral and maxillofacial surgery at the RWTH Aachen University.  He is chairman and head of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Hölzle is known for his work in the fields of plastic facial reconstruction with a focus on micro surgery. He is also specialised for the treatment of tumor diseases in the head and neck region, and of malformations like cleft lip and palate.

Oral and maxillofacial surgery
Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) is a surgical speciality focusing on reconstructive surgery of the face, facial trauma surgery, the mouth, head and neck, and jaws, as well as facial plastic surgery including cleft lip and cleft palate surgery and rhinoplasty.
Jones County, North Carolina
Jones County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,172, making it the fourth-least populous county in North Carolina. Its county seat is Trenton. Jones County is part of the New Bern, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.

There are only three incorporated towns in Jones County, Pollocksville, Trenton, and Maysville. Two major highways in the county include: US 17 which runs south to Jacksonville, and north to New Bern and US 70 which runs west to Kinston, and east to Morehead City. Additionally, NC Highway 58 runs from the Lenoir/Jones county line to Trenton, where it turns south towards Pollocksville, then shares the road shortly with US 17 to Maysville, then runs south to the Jones/Carteret County line near Peletier.

North Carolina Highway 58
North Carolina Highway 58 (NC 58) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina that traverses the state's Coastal Plain. The route links many of the Crystal Coast communities along its eastern segment. Its southern terminus is at the visitor center parking lot for Fort Macon State Park in Atlantic Beach and its northern terminus is at the intersection of US 401 and US 158 Business in Warrenton. The highway traverses nearly the entire length of the Bogue Banks and serves the major cities of Kinston, Snow Hill, and Wilson.
Drink
A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption. In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture. Common types of drinks include plain drinking water, milk, juice, smoothies and soft drinks. Traditionally warm beverages encompass coffee, tea, and hot chocolate. Caffeinated drinks that contain the stimulant caffeine, have been consumed for centuries.

In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the psychoactive substance ethanol, have been part of human culture for more than 8,000 years. Non-alcoholic drinks typically refer to beverages that are traditionally alcoholic—such as beer, wine, or cocktails—but are produced with a very low alcohol by volume content. This category includes beverages that have undergone processes to remove or significantly reduce alcohol, such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.

Smoothie
A smoothie is a beverage made by puréeing ingredients in a blender. A smoothie commonly has a liquid base, such as fruit juice or milk, yogurt or ice cream. Other ingredients may be added, including fruits, vegetables, non-dairy milk, crushed ice, whey powder or nutritional supplements.
Dublin Cabra
Dublin Cabra was a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas from 1977 to 1981. The constituency elected 3 deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) to the Dáil, using proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Dáil constituencies
There are 43 multi-member electoral districts, known as Dáil constituencies, to elect 174 TDs to Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas, Ireland's parliament, on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV), to a maximum term of five years. The configuration of constituencies was amended by the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2023, which were in operation for the 2024 general election.
Senior counsel
Senior Counsel, State Counsel (post-nominal letters: SC), or Senior Advocate is a title given to senior lawyers in some current or former Commonwealth nations, mainly those in which the British monarch is no longer head of state, making the title "King's Counsel" obsolete. Examples of such nations are Mauritius, Zambia, India (Senior Advocate), Bangladesh (Senior Advocate), Hong Kong, Ireland, South Africa, Kenya, Malawi, Singapore, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago. Jurisdictions that have retained the monarch as head of state, but have nonetheless opted for the new title, include some states and territories of Australia, as well as Belize.

Just as a junior counsel is "called to the [Outer] Bar", a Senior Counsel is, in some jurisdictions, said to be "called to the Inner Bar". Senior Counsels may informally style themselves silks, as do their British counterparts.

Post-nominal letters
Post-nominal letters, also called post-nominal initials, post-nominal titles, designatory letters, or simply post-nominals, are letters placed after a person's name to indicate that the individual holds a position, an academic degree, accreditation, an office, a military decoration, or honour, or is a member of a religious institute or fraternity. An individual may use several different sets of post-nominal letters, but in some contexts it may be customary to limit the number of sets to one or just a few. The order in which post-nominals are listed after a name is based on rules of precedence and what is appropriate for a given situation. Post-nominal letters are one of the main types of name suffix. In contrast, pre-nominal letters precede the name rather than follow it, such as addressing a physician or professor as "Dr. Smith".
Saint Agericus' barrel
Saint Agericus' barrel is a legend involving the 6th Century Bishop of Verdun

When Saint Agericus was elderly, he received a visit from King Childebert II and his court. The bishop hosted a grand feast for his guests, but the Frankish warriors drank so much that the wine ran out. Upon hearing this, Agericus ordered the last remaining barrel of wine to be brought to him. He blessed it and instructed the servants to keep serving. The wine never ran dry and was said to be even better than before.

In gratitude, the king donated land to the Diocese of Verdun, including estates in Sampigny, Cumières, Charny-sur-Meuse, Tilly-sur-Meuse, and Harville.

Saint Agericus is often depicted holding his miraculous barrel.

Diocese of Verdun
The Diocese of Verdun (Latin: Dioecesis Virodunensis; French: Diocèse de Verdun) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Besançon. The Diocese of Verdun corresponds to the département of Meuse in the région of Lorraine. The diocese is subdivided into 577 parishes.
Posolo Tuilagi
Posolo Tuilagi (born 28 July 2004) is a professional rugby union player, who plays as a lock for Top 14 club Perpignan. Born in Samoa, he qualified for France through residency, having lived in Pyrénées-Orientales since the age of 3, and has played for the France national under-20 team.

He is the son of former Samoa international and Perpignan player Henry Tuilagi, as well as the brother of Club Athlétique Périgueux Dordogne player Henry Tuilagi Jr. He is the nephew of England player Manu Tuilagi and former Samoa internationals Freddie, Alesana, Anitelea and Sanele Vavae Tuilagi.

Manu Tuilagi
Etuale Manusamoa Tuilagi (born 18 May 1991) is a professional rugby union player who plays as a centre for Top 14 club Bayonne. Born in Samoa, he represented England at international level after qualifying on residency grounds.
António Lobo Antunes
António Lobo Antunes GCSE (European Portuguese: [ɐ̃ˈtɔni.u ˈloβu ɐ̃ˈtunɨʃ, ɐ̃ˈtɔnju -]; born 1 September 1942) is a Portuguese novelist and retired medical doctor. He has been named as a contender for the Nobel Prize in Literature. He has been awarded the 2000 Austrian State Prize, the 2003 Ovid Prize, the 2005 Jerusalem Prize, the 2007 Camões Prize, and the 2008 Juan Rulfo Prize.

Camões Prize
The Camões Prize (Portuguese: Prémio Camões, Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpɾɛmju kaˈmõjʃ]), named after Luís de Camões, is the most prestigious prize for literature in the Portuguese language. The prize was established in 1989 and is supported by the governments of Brazil and Portugal. It is awarded annually to the author of an outstanding body of work written in Portuguese. Winners are selected by a jury and have included writers from Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, Mozambique, and Portugal. The monetary award is €100,000, making it among the richest literary prizes in the world. Past winners include José Saramago, Eugénio de Andrade, Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen, and Chico Buarque.
Ezra Hamilton
Ezra M. Hamilton (1833–1914) was a pioneer known for his role in the development of Antelope Valley, California. In 1896 he discovered gold in Rosamond, California and began a successful mining operation that spurred growth in the area. He founded and developed the nearby town of Willow Springs. He was also an inventor, farmer, mason and businessman, served on the Los Angeles Common Council, volunteered in the Rogue River Wars and served two years in the Union Army.

Rosamond, California
Rosamond is an unincorporated community in Kern County, California, US, near the Los Angeles county line. Rosamond is part of Greater Los Angeles and is located in the Mojave Desert just north of Lancaster and Palmdale, the two largest cities in the Antelope Valley. As of the 2020 Census, Rosamond's population was 20,961. For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Rosamond as a census-designated place (CDP).

Rosamond is a suburban bedroom community with many residents employed by nearby Edwards Air Force Base or commuting to Los Angeles, Lancaster, and Palmdale for work. The town is about 15 minutes north of the Lancaster Metrolink station providing direct access to Los Angeles Union Station in just two hours. It has few grocery stores such as Grocery Outlet, Albertsons and Dollar General.
Jiang Zhichao
Jiang Zhichao (born 6 January 2005) is a Chinese discus thrower. She was a silver medalist at the 2022 Asian Games, having also previously been a silver medalist at the U20 Asian Championships. She competed for China at the 2024 Olympic Games.

2023 Asian U20 Athletics Championships
The 2023 Asian U20 Athletics Championships was the 20th edition of the international athletics competition for Asian under-20 athletes, organized by the Asian Athletics Association. Athletes born between 2004 and 2007 competed in 45 events, divided evenly between the sexes, and one mixed event. The competition took place over four days from 4–7 June at the Yecheon Stadium in Yecheon, South Korea.
Viva! Bravo!
Viva! Bravo! (1986) is the twentieth studio album by the Puerto Rican boy band Menudo and the first to be recorded in Italian. Released in 1986 by Globo Records, it reflects the band's ongoing strategy of linguistic adaptation to reach audiences in different countries.

The lineup during this period included Charlie Massó, Robby Rosa, Ricky Martin, Raymond Acevedo, and the new member Sergio Gonzalez, who replaced Roy Rosselló. The tracklist features versions of songs originally recorded in Spanish and English from five previous albums: Por Amor (1982), A Todo Rock (1983), Evolución (1984), Menudo (1985), and Ayer y Hoy (1985).

Por Amor (Menudo album)
Por Amor is the tenth studio album by the Puerto Rican boy band Menudo, released in 1982 by the Padosa record label. The group’s lineup at the time included Ricky Meléndez, Johnny Lozada, Xavier Serbiá, Miguel Cancel, and new member Charlie Massó, who replaced René Farrait.
Nick McKim
Nicholas James McKim (born 11 June 1965) is an Australian politician who is currently serving as a senator for Tasmania in the federal parliament. He was previously a Tasmanian Greens member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly elected at the 2002 election, representing the Franklin electorate from 2002 to 2015, and led the party from 2008 until 2014. On 21 April 2010, he became the first member of the Greens in any Australian ministry. From February 2020 until June 2022, he served as co-deputy leader of the Australian Greens.

Division of Franklin (state)
The electoral division of Franklin is one of the five electorates in the Tasmanian House of Assembly, located in southern Tasmania and includes Bruny Island, Kingston and the eastern shore of the Derwent River. Franklin is named after Sir John Franklin, the Arctic explorer who was Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land (1837–43). The division shares its name and boundaries with the federal division of Franklin.

Franklin and the other House of Assembly electoral divisions are each represented by seven members elected under the Hare-Clark electoral system.
Spugna
A spugna is an instrument of penance used by some Christians who practice mortification of the flesh. With the word "spugna" literally meaning "sponge", a spugna is made from a circular piece of cork that contains metal studs, metal spikes, or needles. Christians, especially those who are enrolled in a confraternity of penitents, strike the spugna against their chests to repent of sins and to share in the Passion of Christ. Spugna are used in the privacy of one's dwelling, as well as in public Christian processions. When in public, beaters (battenti) cover their faces with capiroti (singular capirote) in order not to draw attention to themselves as they repent, but to God; these include men, women and children. As those using the spugna sometimes bleed, white wine is poured on top of the spugna to cleanse it and protect the wound from infection.

Procession
A procession is an organized body of people walking in a formal or ceremonial manner. A procession may be arranged for a variety of purposes, including to advertise something, signal a change in government, display a group's power, show solidarity for a cause, mark the beginning or end of an event such as a wedding or funeral, entertain a crowd, or practice a religion. Processions have been an aspect of celebrations and ceremonies since ancient times, and they are practiced in some form throughout all cultures. They often involve a mode of transport, such as a carriage or a car; music or vocalizations, including a choir or a marching band; a visual signal of a hierarchy within the precession; and the display of eye-catching items like banners.