hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dalmatian city-states
Dalmatian city-states were formerly Roman municipalities in Dalmatia where the local Romance population survived the Barbarian invasions after the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 400s CE. Eight little cities were created by the indigenous Illyro-Roman inhabitants of the region, who maintained political links with the Eastern Roman Empire, which in return defended these cities, enabling their commercial trade with Byzantium.

The original names of these city-states were Arba, Cattarum, Crespa, Jadera, Ragusium, Spalatum, Tragurium, and Vecla. The language and the laws were initially Latin, but after a few centuries, they developed their own vulgar Latin language, Dalmatian, which survived into the 19th century. The cities were maritime centers with important commerce links, mainly with the Italian Peninsula and with the rising Republic of Venice.

Dalmatian language
Dalmatian or Dalmatic (Dalmatian: dalmato, Italian: dalmatico, Croatian: dalmatski) is a group of now-extinct Romance varieties that developed along the coast of Dalmatia. Over the centuries they were increasingly influenced, and then supplanted, by Croatian and Venetian.

Today it is quite difficult to place Dalmatian within the Romance language landscape, where it somehow constitutes a branch of its own. In one of the most recent classifications, dating back to 2017, the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History places it, for example, together with Istriot in the Italo-Dalmatian Romance subgroup. However, the classification of Dalmatian is not settled.
Mohamed Aboutrika
Mohamed Aboutrika (Arabic: محمد محمد محمد أبو تريكة; born 7 November 1978) is an Egyptian retired professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder and a forward. He was voted first place in the African Footballer of the Year award in 2008, and was one of five nominees for the 2006 award, and one of the ten nominated for the 2013 award. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest African  and Arab players of all time.

Aboutrika won the African Cup of Nations in 2006 with the Egyptian national team. He also scored the winning goal to help Egypt win the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations. He helped his club Al Ahly to win the bronze medal in the FIFA Club World Cup in 2006.

Off the pitch, he has been noted for both various humanitarian efforts as well as his philanthropy in Egypt.

2008 Africa Cup of Nations
The 2008 Africa Cup of Nations, also known as the MTN Africa Cup of Nations due to the competition's sponsorship by MTN, was the 26th edition of the Africa Cup of Nations, the biennial football tournament for nations affiliated with the Confederation of African Football (CAF). The tournament was staged at four venues around Ghana between 20 January and 10 February 2008. This was the last Africa Cup of Nations to use the old CAF logo.

Egypt won the tournament, beating Cameroon 1–0 in the final. As winners, they qualified for the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup as the CAF representatives.
Murder of Abraham Shakespeare
Abraham Lee Shakespeare (April 24, 1966 – c. April 7, 2009) was a Florida Lottery winner who won a $30 million lottery jackpot, receiving $17 million in 2006. In 2009, his family declared him missing, and in January 2010 his body was found buried under a concrete slab in the backyard of an acquaintance. Dorice "Dee Dee" Moore was convicted of his murder and is now serving life in prison without the possibility of parole.

Florida Lottery
The Florida Lottery is the government-operated lottery of the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2022, the lottery offers eleven terminal-generated games: Cash4Life, Mega Millions, Powerball, Florida Lotto, Pick 2, Pick 3, Pick 4, Pick 5, Fantasy 5, Cash Pop, and Jackpot Triple Play. Participants must be 18 or older to play.

The lottery was established through efforts by Governor Bob Martinez and the Florida legislature to generate revenue for public education in Florida. The lottery's first game, the $1 scratch-off Millionaire, was launched in 1988.

In 2012, Florida was the third-ranked state in yearly lottery revenue with $4.45 billion; revenue passed $5 billion in fiscal year 2013.
Jaime Peterson
Jaime Peterson (born September 29, 1971) is a Dominican-American former professional basketball player. A 2.06 m (6 ft 9 in) forward-center, he was born in New York City to Dominican parents. After playing for three different high schools, including a postgraduate year at Maine Central Institute, Peterson played two seasons in the junior college circuit with Champlain College in Vermont before playing in the NCAA Division I with the Pittsburgh Panthers. He went undrafted in the 1995 NBA draft, and he started his professional career in France. In 2003 he was named the Most Valuable Player of the Liga Española de Baloncesto, the second tier of Spanish basketball. He played for the Dominican Republic national team from 1995 to 2005, and he won the silver medal at the 1995 and 2003 editions of Centrobasket.

Primera FEB
The Primera FEB, formerly known as LEB or LEB Oro, is the second basketball division of the Spanish basketball league system after the Liga ACB. It is run by the FEB. The FEB leagues are divided into three categories (the other two are the Segunda FEB and the Tercera FEB). The league was founded in 1996 and is played under FIBA rules.

The league is contested by 18 clubs. Each season, the top-finishing team in the Primera FEB are automatically promoted to the Liga ACB. The teams that finish the season in 2nd to 9th place enter a playoff tournament, with the winner also gaining promotion to the Liga ACB. The three lowest-finishing teams in the Primera FEB are relegated to Segunda FEB.

A total of 81 teams have competed in Primera FEB since its inception in 1996. 19 teams have been crowned champions and 30 teams have gained promotion to Liga ACB, of which only four teams could not play in Liga ACB. Club Melilla Baloncesto is the only team that played all seasons of the league.
Electromagnetic catapult
An electromagnetic catapult is a type of aircraft catapult that uses a linear induction motor system rather than the single-acting pneumatic cylinder (piston) system in conventional steam catapults. The system is typically used on aircraft carriers to launch fixed-wing carrier-based aircraft, employing the principles of electromagnetism and Lorentz force (similar to the propulsion used on maglev trains) to accelerate and assist their horizontal takeoff from the shorter flight deck runways.

Currently, only the United States and China have successfully developed electromagnetic catapults, which are installed on the Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers (currently only the lead ship CVN-78 being operational), the Type 003 aircraft carrier Fujian and the upcoming Type 076 amphibious assault ship Sichuan (51).

Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carrier
The Gerald R. Ford-class nuclear-powered aircraft carriers are currently being constructed for the United States Navy, which intends to eventually acquire ten of these ships in order to replace current carriers on a one-for-one basis, starting with the lead ship of her class, Gerald R. Ford (CVN-78), replacing Enterprise (CVN-65), and later the Nimitz-class carriers. The new vessels have a hull similar to the Nimitz class, but they carry technologies since developed with the CVN(X)/CVN-21 program, such as the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS), as well as other design features intended to improve efficiency and reduce operating costs, including sailing with smaller crews. This class of aircraft carriers is named after former U.S. president Gerald R. Ford. CVN-78 was procured in 2008 and commissioned into service in July 2017. The second ship of the class, John F. Kennedy (CVN-79), initially scheduled to enter service in 2025, is now expected to be commissioned in 2027.
El Dahir
El Dahir (Somali: Ceel-Daahir) formerly known as El Dofar (Somali: Ceel Doofaar), is a town in Bari, Somalia region of Puntland state of Somalia.

It often floods during the rainy season because it is the confluence of the wadi from Buraan and from Durdur.

Bari, Somalia
Bari (Somali: Bari, Arabic: بري) is an administrative region (gobol) in northeastern Somalia that consists of six districts: Qandala, Iskushuban, Alula, Bosaso, Bandarbeyla, and Qardho. The port city of Bosaso is the capital of the region and the largest city in Bari. The region is part of the autonomous Somali state of Puntland.
November Rain (2014 film)
November Rain is a 2014 Nepali-language romantic drama film directed by Dinesh Raut and produced by Aaryan Sigdel and Sunil Giri, and it is written by Chhetan Gurung. The movie is about the love story of Aayush (Aaryan Sigdel) and Sheetal (Namrata Shrestha), but the story takes a dramatic turn when it is revealed that the heart of Aayush was illegally transferred by the doctor to Sheetal's son to allow them to survive. Dalli (Chultim Gurung) is in unrequitedly in love with Aayush. It was released in 2014 worldwide with positive reviews from critics, with praise aimed towards performances, direction, and story, but some critics criticized its runtime. Although the film had an average box-office opening, positive word of mouth from audiences helped the movie to register one of the highest collections at the Nepalese box office. The movie eventually became a huge commercial success. The film is now considered one of the best romantic movies ever made in Nepal.

Aaryan Sigdell
Harish Sigdel (born 5 August 1981), better known as Aaryan Sigdell (Nepali: आर्यन सिग्देल, Listenⓘ), is a Nepalese film actor known for his work in Nepali Cinema. He is known for his wide range of roles.

Aaryan Sigdel debuted in Kismat in 2007 and then played the lead role in the romantic-drama Mero Euta Saathi Chha as a young royal spoilt brat. The film was inspired by the Korean hit A Millionaire's First Love. His portrayal of Jay Shamsher Junga Bahadur Rana was highly appreciated and generated a fan base for him, and he has seen ups and downs in his career.
Justa Canaviri
Justa Canaviri (born 13 August 1963) is an Aymara, Bolivian woman who has become noted for her dress in the traditional Chola dress and bowler hat, outspokenness on issues such as family violence, LGBT rights, and indigenous rights. Often called Bolivia's most recognizable chola, Canaviri changed the face of Bolivian television, when she began broadcasting her cooking show by introducing for the first time an indigenous woman as the main presence. In 2014, she was honored as one of the BBC's 100 Women Series.

100 Women (BBC)
100 Women is a BBC multi-format series established in 2013. The annual series examines the role of women in the 21st century and has included events in London and Mexico. Announcement of the list is the start of an international "BBC's women season", lasting three weeks including broadcast, online reports, debates and journalism on the topic of women. Women around the world are encouraged to participate via social media and comment on the list, as well as on the interviews and debates that follow release of the list.
November 2016 Haitian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Haiti on 20 November 2016 after having been postponed several times. The elections were overseen by the Provisional Electoral Council (CEP), and were held using the two-round system, with a second round scheduled for 29 January 2017 if no candidate received an absolute majority of the votes in the first round (50% plus one vote). However, on 27 November election officials announced that, according to preliminary results, Jovenel Moïse had won the election in the first round with more than 50% of the vote. Voter turnout, in the election held 6 weeks after Hurricane Matthew hit Haiti, was reported to be 21%. Jovenel Moïse assumed office on 7 February 2017, and was assassinated on 7 July 2021.

Provisional Electoral Council
The Provisional Electoral Council (French: Conseil Électoral Provisoire, French pronunciation: [kɔ̃sɛj əlɛktɔʁal pʁɔvizwaʁ], CEP; Haitian Creole: Konsèy Elektoral Pwovizwa) is the electoral commission of Haiti. The CEP is responsible for presidential elections and parliamentary elections, and is Haiti's main and only legal election agency. Despite its ostensibly provisional nature, it has existed since 1987.

It was dissolved in September 2021 by acting Prime Minister Ariel Henry. In September 2024, the Transitional Presidential Council reestablished the CEP in preparation for the next Haitian general election in 2026.
Emicizumab
Emicizumab, sold under the brand name Hemlibra, is a humanized bispecific monoclonal antibody for the treatment of haemophilia A, developed by Genentech and Chugai (both organizations are subsidiaries of Hoffmann-La Roche). Emicizumab is a bispecific factor IXa- and factor X-directed antibody.

Emicizumab was first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2017 for routine prophylaxis in patients with hemophilia A who have developed factor VIII inhibitors. In October 2018, the FDA expanded approval, under the breakthrough therapy designation, to include all patients with hemophilia A, regardless of inhibitor status. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Breakthrough therapy
Breakthrough therapy is a United States Food and Drug Administration designation that expedites drug development that was created by Congress under Section 902 of the 9 July 2012 Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act. The FDA's "breakthrough therapy" designation is not intended to imply that a drug is actually a "breakthrough" or that there is high-quality evidence of treatment efficacy for a particular condition; rather, it allows the FDA to grant priority review to drug candidates if preliminary clinical trials indicate that the therapy may offer substantial treatment advantages over existing options for patients with serious or life-threatening diseases. The FDA has other mechanisms for expediting the review and approval process for promising drugs, including fast track designation, accelerated approval, and priority review.
KCEO
KCEO (1000 AM) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to Vista, California, United States, and serving San Diego County. It carries a Catholic radio format, owned and operated by the Relevant Radio network. The studios are located in Carlsbad, California.

KCEO's transmitter is located off of Sagewood Drive in Oceanside, near Guajome County Park. The station is also relayed over low-power FM translator K257FV in San Diego at 99.3 MHz.

Carlsbad, California
Carlsbad is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. The city is 35 miles (56 km) north of downtown San Diego and 87 miles (140 km) south of downtown Los Angeles. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 114,746. Carlsbad is a popular tourist destination and home to many businesses in the golf industry.
Greece–Turkey relations
Greece and Turkey established diplomatic relations in the 1830s following Greece's formation after its declaration of independence from the Ottoman Empire. Modern relations began when Turkey was proclaimed a republic in 1923 following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I. Rivalry has characterised their relations for most of their history with periods of positive relations but no underlying resolution of the main issues.

Control of the eastern Mediterranean and Aegean seas remains as the main issue. Following the aftermath of World War II, the UNCLOS treaty, the decolonisation of Cyprus, and the addition of Dodecanese to Greece's territory have strained the relationship. Several issues frequently affect their current relations, including territorial disputes over the sea and air, minority rights, and Turkey's relationship with the European Union (EU) and its member states—especially Cyprus. Control of energy pipelines is also an increasing focus in their relations.

Dodecanese
The Dodecanese (UK: /ˌdoʊdɪkəˈniːz/, US: /doʊˌdɛkəˈniːz/; Greek: Δωδεκάνησα, Dodekánisa [ðoðeˈkanisa], lit. 'twelve islands') are a group of 15 larger and 150 smaller Greek islands in the southeastern Aegean Sea and Eastern Mediterranean, off the coast of Anatolia, of which 26 are inhabited. This island group generally defines the eastern limit of the Sea of Crete. They belong to the wider Southern Sporades island group.

Rhodes has been the area's dominant island since antiquity. Of the others, Kos and Patmos are historically the most important; the remaining 12 are Agathonisi, Astypalaia, Halki, Kalymnos, Karpathos, Kasos, Leipsoi, Leros, Nisyros, Symi, Tilos, and Megisti. Other islands in the chain include Alimia, Arkoi, Farmakonisi, Gyali, Kinaros, Levitha, Marathos, Nimos, Pserimos, Saria, Strongyli and Syrna.
Rivière des Hamel
The rivière des Hamel (in English: Hamel River) is a tributary of the west bank of Bras Saint-Victor which flows into the Chaudière River; the latter flows northward to empty on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River. It flows in the municipalities of Courcelles-Saint-Évariste, Adstock (Sainte-Method-de-Frontenac sector) and Saint-Éphrem-de-Beauce, in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada.

Courcelles–Saint-Évariste
Courcelles–Saint-Évariste (French pronunciation: [kuʁsɛl sɛ̃t‿evaʁist]) is a municipality in Beauce-Sartigan Regional County Municipality in the Chaudière-Appalaches region in Quebec, Canada. It is approximately 105 km (65 mi) south of Quebec City.

Artist Carmen Coulombe was born in Courcelles-Saint-Évariste.
Cross-linked polyethylene
Cross-linked polyethylene, commonly abbreviated PEX, XPE or XLPE, is a form of polyethylene with cross-links. It is used predominantly in building services pipework systems, hydronic radiant heating and cooling systems, domestic water piping, insulation for high tension (high voltage or high volt in short) electrical cables, and baby play mats. It is also used for natural gas and offshore oil applications, chemical transportation, and transportation of sewage and slurries.  PEX is an alternative to polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) or copper tubing for use as residential water pipes.

Low-density polyethylene
LDPE has SPI resin ID code 4

Schematic of LDPE branching structure

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is a thermoplastic made from the monomer ethylene. It was the first grade of polyethylene, produced in 1933 by John C. Swallow and M.W Perrin who were working for Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) using a high pressure process via free radical polymerization. Its manufacture employs the same method today. The EPA estimates 5.7% of LDPE (resin identification code 4) is recycled in the United States. Despite competition from more modern polymers, LDPE continues to be an important plastic grade. In 2013 the worldwide LDPE market reached a volume of about US$33 billion.

Despite its designation with the recycling symbol, it cannot be as commonly recycled as No. 1 (polyethylene terephthalate) or 2 plastics (high-density polyethylene).
St Ellyw's Church, Llanelieu
St Ellyw's Church, is a redundant church in the village of Llanelieu, Powys, Wales.  It is designated by Cadw as a Grade I listed building, and is under the care of the Friends of Friendless Churches.  It is sited at the edge of the Black Mountains within the Brecon Beacons National Park.

There is a tradition that Saint Ellyw was a granddaughter of King Brychan, the 5th-century king of Brycheiniog.

Friends of Friendless Churches
Friends of Friendless Churches (FoFC), also referred to as 'The Friends', is a registered charity formed in 1957, active in England and Wales, which campaigns for and rescues redundant historic places of worship threatened by demolition, decay, or inappropriate conversion.  As of December 2025, the charity cares for over 70 redundant churches, chapels, and meeting houses in England and Wales.
Jan Löwe
Jan Löwe FRS (born 14 July 1967) is a German molecular and structural biologist and the Director of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) in Cambridge, UK. He became Director of the MRC-LMB in April 2018, succeeding Sir Hugh Pelham. Löwe is known for his contributions to the current understanding of bacterial cytoskeletons.

MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
The Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) is a research institute in Cambridge, England, involved in the revolution in molecular biology which occurred in the 1950–60s. Since then it has remained a major medical research laboratory at the forefront of scientific discovery, dedicated to improving the understanding of key biological processes at atomic, molecular and cellular levels using multidisciplinary methods, with a focus on using this knowledge to address key issues in human health.

A new replacement building constructed close by to the original site on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in May 2013. The road outside the new building is named Francis Crick Avenue after the 1962 joint Nobel Prize winner and LMB alumnus, who co-discovered the helical structure of DNA in 1953.
Roman Ghetto
The Roman Ghetto or Ghetto of Rome (Italian: Ghetto di Roma) was a Jewish ghetto established in 1555 by Pope Paul IV in the Rione Sant'Angelo, in Rome, Italy, in the area surrounded by present-day Via del Portico d'Ottavia, Lungotevere dei Cenci, Via del Progresso and Via di Santa Maria del Pianto, close to the River Tiber and the Theatre of Marcellus. With the exception of brief periods under Napoleon from 1808 to 1815 and under the Roman Republics of 1798–99 and 1849, the ghetto of Rome was controlled by the papacy until the capture of Rome in 1870.

Roman Republic (1798–1799)
The Roman Republic (Italian: Repubblica Romana) was a sister republic of the First French Republic that existed from 1798 to 1799. It was proclaimed on 15 February 1798 after Louis-Alexandre Berthier, a general of the French Revolutionary Army, had occupied the city of Rome on 11 February. It was led by a Directory of five men and comprised territory conquered from the Papal States. The Roman Republic immediately incorporated two other former-papal revolutionary administrations, the Tiberina Republic and the Anconine Republic. It proved short-lived, as Neapolitan troops restored the Papal States in October 1799.
Anjuli Shukla
Anjuli Shukla is an Indian cinematographer and film director. She is the first and till date the only Indian woman who has won the National Film Award for Best Cinematography. Kutty Srank, her debut film, won her the National Film Award for Best Cinematography in 2010. Her recent direction, ‘Happy Mothers Day’ a feature film by Children's Film Society, India (CFSI) was the opening film for the 19th Edition of the International Children's Film Festival India (ICFFI). An alumnus of the Film and Television Institute of India, Shukla started her career as an assistant to cinematographer and director Santosh Sivan before making her feature film debut.

International Children's Film Festival India
The International Children's Film Festival India (ICFFI), popularly known as the Golden Elephant, was a film festival conducted for seven days November 14 (Children's Day) and November 20th every two years which is aimed to bring together national and international children's cinema to young audiences in India. It was regularly held for seven days between

The festival was organized by the Children's Film Society which was formed in 1955 and which was chaired by Mukesh Khanna until the Society merged with the National Film Development Corporation of India in 2022.