hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Miss Grand Bulgaria
Miss Grand Bulgaria is a national beauty pageant title awarded to Bulgarian representatives competing at the Miss Grand International pageant. It was first introduced in 2013 when Miss Universe Bulgaria 2013, Veneta Krasteva, was invited to represent the country in the 2015 edition of Miss Grand International in Thailand. In 2017, Krasteva, as the manager of Bok Star Models, purchased the Miss Grand Bulgaria license; however, the license was later terminated in 2021.

Under the direction of Bok Star Models, the Bulgarian representatives were selected through their affiliated pageants, such as Miss World Bulgaria and Miss Sofia, except for 2020, when the titleholder was chosen via online processes.

Miss World Bulgaria
Miss World Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Мис Свят България) is a national beauty pageant in the Bulgaria that selects Bulgarian representatives to compete in two of the Big Four international beauty pageants: Miss World and Miss International and selects five other titleholders to participate in minor international pageants such as Miss Grand International, Miss Asia Pacific, Top Model of the World, Miss Tourism International and Miss Model of the World.
Rimna, Jajarkot
Rimna (Nepali: रिम्‍ना) is a village located in Bheri municipality in Jajarkot District of Karnali Province of Nepal. The aerial distance from Rimna to Nepal's capital Kathmandu is approximately 319 km.

Bheri, Jajarkot
Bheri (Nepali: भेरी) (earlier; Bheri Malika) is an urban municipality located in Jajarkot District of Karnali Province of Nepal.

The total area of the municipality is 219.77 square kilometres (84.85 sq mi) and the total population of the municipality as of 2011 Nepal census is 33,515 individuals. The municipality is divided into total 13 wards.

The municipality was established on 19 September 2015 merging Khalanga, Punama, Bhur and Jagatipur Village development committee.

No changes were made in this municipality on 10 March 2017, when Government of Nepal restricted old administrative structure and announced 744 local level units as per the new constitution of Nepal 2015.
Virtuoso Universal Server
Virtuoso Universal Server is a middleware and database engine hybrid that combines the functionality of a traditional relational database management system (RDBMS), object–relational database (ORDBMS), virtual database, RDF, XML, free-text, web application server and file server functionality in a single system. Rather than have dedicated servers for each of the aforementioned functionality realms, Virtuoso is a "universal server"; it enables a single multithreaded server process that implements multiple protocols. The free and open source edition of Virtuoso Universal Server is also known as OpenLink Virtuoso. The software has been developed by OpenLink Software with Kingsley Uyi Idehen and Orri Erling as the chief software architects.

Relational database
A relational database (RDB) is a database  based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970.

A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured format using rows and columns.

Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database.
Haemaphysalis leporispalustris
Haemaphysalis leporispalustris, the rabbit tick (occasionally known as the grouse tick), is a species of tick that is widely distributed in the Americas, stretching from Alaska to Argentina. H. leporispalustris is known to have one of the largest distributions for a tick originating in the New World. It is a three-host tick and a member of the family Ixodidae, commonly called the "hard ticks," and the genus Haemaphysalis. Its common hosts are rabbits (such as Sylvilagus spp.), hares (Lepus spp.), and sometimes ground-feeding birds. H. leporispalustris has a rigid scutum and a prominent capitulum projecting forward from its body and is often said to look like the "wood tick". It has a hemimetabolic life cycle. H. leporispalustris does not play  a prominent role in disease transmission in humans but is a vector for disease in other animals.

Ixodidae
The Ixodidae are the family of hard ticks or scale ticks, one of the three families of ticks, consisting of 750 species, as of 2025. They are known as 'hard ticks' because they have a scutum or hard shield, which the other major family of ticks, the 'soft ticks' (Argasidae), lack. They are ectoparasites of a wide range of host species, and some are vectors of pathogens that can cause human disease.
Pen y Garn
Pen y Garn (head of the cairn) is a mountain in the Cambrian Mountains, Mid Wales standing at 611 metres above sea level.

Pen y Garn tops a 500–600 m high plateau, which includes the controversial Cefn Croes wind farm. The summit has a very large shelter cairn hollowed out from the remains of an ancient burial cairn and a trig point. The wind turbines are very near the summit. To the north some 10 km, the whole Plynlimon range can be seen, including the summits of Y Garn, Pen Pumlumon Fawr, Pen Pumlumon Llygad-bychan and Pen Pumlumon Arwystli. 21 km to the west is the town of Aberystwyth; Drygarn Fawr lies 20 km to the SSE .

Plynlimon
Plynlimon, or Pumlumon in Welsh (also historically anglicised as Plinlimon, Plynlymmon or Plinlimmon), is the highest point of the Cambrian Mountains in Wales (taking a restricted definition of the Cambrian Mountains, excluding Snowdonia, the Berwyns and the Brecon Beacons), and the highest point in Mid Wales. It is a massif that dominates the surrounding countryside and is the highest point of Ceredigion.

The highest point of the massif itself is Pen Pumlumon Fawr, which is 752 metres (2,467 ft) above ordnance datum. Its other important peaks are Pen Pumlumon Arwystli, Y Garn, Pen Pumlumon Llygad-bychan and Pumlumon Fach. Bryn yr Ŵyn, or 'hill of the lambs', is a former Dewey in the foothills.

The longest river in Britain, the River Severn, has its source on the mountain, as do the rivers Wye and Rheidol.

Folklore says there is a sleeping giant in Plynlimon.
Phresher
Kashaun Rameek Rutling (born May 16, 1989), known professionally as Phresher (stylized as PHresher), is an American rapper who gained recognition in 2016 for his single "Wait a Minute" featuring Remy Ma, and found continued success with his single "Right Now" featuring Cardi B in 2017. In late 2017, he was featured on Eminem's song "Chloraseptic" from his ninth studio album Revival, which debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200. In 2018, he was featured on an official remix of "Chloraseptic" alongside Eminem and 2 Chainz.

Remy Ma
Reminisce Kioni Smith (formerly Mackie; born May 30, 1980), known professionally as Remy Ma, is an American rapper. Discovered by the late rapper Big Pun, she came to prominence for her work as a member of Fat Joe's group, Terror Squad. Her debut solo album, There's Something About Remy: Based on a True Story (2006), sold 37,000 copies in its first week. Ma's most commercially successful songs include "Lean Back", "Conceited", and "All the Way Up".

She is one of five multi-time winners of the BET Award for Best Female Hip-Hop Artist, which she won in 2005 and 2017. Ma is the recipient of two Vibe Awards, two Source Awards, and has been nominated for four Grammy Awards. From 2015 to 2020, she starred on VH1's reality series Love & Hip Hop: New York, alongside her ex-husband Papoose.
Piauhytherium
Piauhytherium is an extinct genus of herbivorous notoungulate mammal of the family Toxodontidae. It lived during the Late Pleistocene; fossils have been found in Brazil. The only known species is Piauhytherium capivarae. The validity of the genus and species is controversial, with it being suggested by a number of authors that the species is a junior synonym of the previously named Trigodonops.

Toxodontidae
Toxodontidae (from Ancient Greek τόξον (tóxon), meaning "bow", and ὀδούς (odoús), meaning "tooth") is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals, known from the Oligocene to the Holocene (11,000 BP) of South America, with one genus, Mixotoxodon, also known from the Pleistocene of Central America and southern North America (as far north as Texas). Member of the family were medium to large-sized, ranging from around 350–400 kilograms (770–880 lb) in Nesodon to 1,000–1,200 kilograms (2,200–2,600 lb) in Toxodon, and had medium to high-crowned dentition, which in derived members of the group evolved into ever-growing cheek teeth. Isotopic analyses have led to the conclusion that Pleistocene members of the family were flexible mixed feeders (both browsing and grazing).
Jim Johnson (boxer)
"Battling" Jim Johnson (September 2, 1887 – November 1, 1918) was an American boxer who fought as a heavyweight from 1908 to 1918. He had little success and lost with great frequency to top boxers such as Sam Langford, Joe Jeanette, Sam McVey, Harry Wills and Kid Norfolk.

In spite of this, Jack Johnson, the first black world heavyweight champion, gave him a title shot. When they fought in Paris in August 1913, it was the first time that two black boxers had fought for the world heavyweight title. Battling Jim was the only black fighter Johnson faced during his reign as heavyweight champ from 1908 to 1915.

Harry Wills
Harry Wills (May 15, 1889 – December 21, 1958) was an American heavyweight boxer who held the World Colored Heavyweight Championship three times. Many boxing historians consider Wills the most egregious victim of the "color line" drawn by white heavyweight champions.  Wills fought for over 20 years (1911–1932), and was ranked as the number-one challenger for the world heavyweight championship, but was denied the opportunity to fight for the title. Of all the black contenders between the heavyweight championship reigns of Jack Johnson and Joe Louis, Wills came closest to securing a title shot. BoxRec ranks him among 10 best heavyweights in the world from 1913 to 1924, and as No.1 heavyweight from 1915 to 1917 and many regard him as one of the greatest heavyweights of all time.

His managers included Jim Buckley and Paddy Mullins.
Face (sociological concept)
In sociology, face refers to a class of behaviors and customs, associated with the morality, honor, and authority of an individual (or group of individuals), and their image within social groups. Face is linked to the dignity and prestige that a person enjoys in terms of their social relationships. This idea, with varying nuances, is observed in many societies and cultures, including Chinese, Arab, Indonesian, Korean, Malaysian, Laotian, Indian, Japanese, Vietnamese, Filipino, Thai, Persian, Russian and other East Slavic cultures.

The usage of "face" in the English language is borrowed from Chinese. Face has particularly complex dynamics and meanings within the context of Chinese culture and is closely associated with Confucianism. The Chinese concept of face has also heavily influenced the cultures of Japan and Korea.

Social relation
A social relation is the fundamental unit of analysis within the social sciences, and describes any voluntary or involuntary interpersonal relationship between two or more conspecifics within and/or between groups. The group can be a language or kinship group, a social institution or organization, an economic class, a nation, or gender. Social relations are derived from human behavioral ecology, and, as an aggregate, form a coherent social structure whose constituent parts are best understood relative to each other and to the social ecosystem as a whole.
Stark conjectures
In number theory, the Stark conjectures, introduced  by Stark (1971, 1975, 1976, 1980) and later  expanded by Tate (1984), give conjectural information about the coefficient of the leading term in the Taylor expansion of an Artin L-function associated with a Galois extension K/k of algebraic number fields. The conjectures  generalize the analytic class number formula expressing the leading coefficient of the Taylor series for the Dedekind zeta function of a number field as the product of a regulator related to S-units of the field and a rational number.

When K/k is an abelian extension and the order of vanishing of the L-function at s = 0 is one, Stark gave a refinement of his conjecture, predicting the existence of certain S-units, called Stark units, which generate abelian extensions of number fields.

Abelian extension
In abstract algebra, an abelian extension is a Galois extension whose Galois group is abelian. When the Galois group is also cyclic, the extension is also called a cyclic extension. Going in the other direction, a Galois extension is called solvable if its Galois group is solvable, i.e., if the group can be decomposed into a series of normal extensions of an abelian group. Every finite extension of a finite field is a cyclic extension.
Long Way Home (2025)
Long Way Home is a 2025 10-episode Apple Original series documenting the 63-day journey from the United Kingdom across Scandinavia and Eastern and Central Europe made by Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman on refurbished vintage motorcycles. The series aired on Fridays on Apple TV+ beginning 09 May 2025. This is the fourth journey the two have made for television, beginning with Long Way Round (2004) which was followed by Long Way Down (2007) and Long Way Up (2020).

Long Way Up
Long Way Up is a British television series which debuted on 18 September 2020, documenting a motorcycle journey undertaken in 2019 by Ewan McGregor and Charley Boorman, from Ushuaia in Argentina through South and Central America to Los Angeles in the United States. It is a follow-up to 2004's Long Way Round where the pair rode from London to New York, and to 2007's Long Way Down, when they rode from John o' Groats in Scotland to Cape Town in South Africa.

The first three episodes of Long Way Up premiered globally on Apple TV+ on Friday, 18 September 2020, and eight further episodes aired weekly through to 13 November 2020.
Black-capped parakeet
The black-capped parakeet (Pyrrhura rupicola), also known as the black-capped conure or rock conure in aviculture, is a parrot native to the south-western Amazon Basin and adjacent east Andean slopes in Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. It has a total length of approximately 25 cm. It is mostly green with off white scalloping on the hindneck and breast and red primary coverts.

It lives in humid forests, ranging from the Amazonian lowlands up to an altitude of 1000 m on the east Andean slopes. It is designated as Least Concern despite deforestation in the Amazon Basin. Flock size is up to 30 birds with smaller groups forming during breeding season.

In aviculture, these birds are known as black capped conures. They can reproduce in captivity and can also mate with the green cheeked parakeet to produce hybrid offspring.

Green-cheeked parakeet
The green-cheeked parakeet (Pyrrhura molinae), also sometimes known as the green-cheeked conure in aviculture, is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the parrots, which includes species from both Africa and the New World. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, and Paraguay.
2006 California Proposition 85
California Proposition 85, the Parental Notification Initiative, was a proposition on the ballot for California voters in the general election of November 7, 2006. It was similar to the previous year's Proposition 73. It failed by a vote of 46%-54%.

2005 California Proposition 73
Proposition 73, the Parental Notification Initiative, would have amended the California Constitution to bar abortion on an unemancipated minor until 48 hours after physician notifies minor's parent/legal guardian, except in medical emergency or with parental waiver. The amendment permitted a judicial waiver of notice based on clear and convincing evidence of the minor's maturity or best interests. The minor's physician must report abortions performed on minors and State shall compile statistics. The amendment authorized monetary damages for violation. The minor must consent to abortion unless mentally incapable or in medical emergency. Permits judicial relief if minor's consent to abortion is coerced.
North 30th Street
North 30th Street is a two-way street that runs south–north in the North Omaha area of Omaha, Nebraska. With the street beginning at Dodge Street, historically significant sections include those from Dodge to Lake Street, from Fort Street to Laurel Avenue, and from Weber to Bondesson Streets.

Dodge Street
Dodge Street is the main east–west street in Omaha, Nebraska. Numbered as U.S. Route 6 (US 6) for most of its length, the street starts in Downtown Omaha and connects to West Dodge Road just west of 78th Street. From there, it continues westward through the remainder of Douglas County.
Integrated Transport System
The Integrated Transport System for Lima and Callao (Spanish: Sistema Integrado de Transporte de Lima y Callao; SIT) is an urban public transportation system that operates in the Lima metropolitan area, made up of the Peruvian cities of Lima and Callao. Its administration is in charge of the Urban Transport Authority (ATU).

Urban Transport Authority
The Urban Transport Authority for Lima and Callao (Spanish: Autoridad de Transporte Urbano para Lima y Callao; ATU) is a specialised technical organisation of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications. Its main function is to integrate and articulate urban public transportation in the Lima metropolitan area.

Organised transport systems such as the Lima Metro and the Metropolitano are dependent on the ATU.
Danube Promenade
47°29′44″N 19°2′55″E﻿ / ﻿47.49556°N 19.04861°E﻿ / 47.49556; 19.04861
The Danube Promenade (Hungarian: Dunakorzó) is located on the Pest side of Budapest, Hungary. The promenade itself lies on the left bank of the Danube, extending from the Széchenyi Chain Bridge to the Erzsébet Bridge.

Pest, Hungary
Pest (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈpɛʃt]) is the part of Budapest, the capital city of Hungary, that lies on the eastern bank of the Danube. Pest was administratively unified with Buda and Óbuda in 1873. Prior to this, it was an independent city. In colloquial Hungarian, "Pest" is sometimes also used pars pro toto to refer to Budapest as a whole.

Comprising about two-thirds of the Budapest city area, Pest is flatter and much more heavily urbanized than Buda. Many of Budapest's most notable sites are in Pest, including the Inner City (Hungarian: Belváros), the Parliament (Országház), the Opera, the Great Market Hall, Heroes' Square, and Andrássy Avenue.
52nd World Science Fiction Convention
The 52nd World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known as ConAdian, was held on 1–5 September 1994 at the Crowne Plaza, Place Louis Riel, and Sheraton hotels, and the Winnipeg Convention Centre in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

The chairman was John Mansfield.

Worldcon
The World Science Fiction Convention, branded as Worldcon, is a science fiction convention and the annual convention of the World Science Fiction Society (WSFS). It has been held each year since 1939 (except for the years 1942 to 1945, during World War II). The members of each Worldcon are the members of WSFS, and vote both to select the site of the Worldcon two years later, and to select the winners of the annual Hugo Awards, which are presented at each convention.
European Technology Platform for Sustainable Chemistry
The European Technology Platform for Sustainable Chemistry (SusChem) is a European Technology Platform (ETP) initiative to improve the competitive situation of the European Union in the field of chemistry in three domains: Industrial Biotechnology, Materials Technology, and Reaction and Process Design.

The programme is a joint initiative (Public-Private Partnership) of the European Commission, representing the European Communities, and the industry. The main objective of the programma is to produce and implement a Strategic Research Agenda (SRA).

Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development
The Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development, also called Framework Programmes or abbreviated FP1 to FP9, are funding programmes created by the European Union/European Commission to support and foster research in the European Research Area (ERA). Starting in 2014, the funding programmes were named Horizon.

The funding programmes began in 1984 and continue to the present day. The most recent programme, Horizon Europe, has a budget of 95.5 billion Euros to be distributed over 7 years.

The specific objectives and actions vary between funding periods. In FP6 and FP7, focus was on technological research. In Horizon 2020, the focus was on innovation, delivering economic growth faster, and delivering solutions to end users that are often governmental agencies.
Mambachiton
Mambachiton (meaning "crocodile armour") is an extinct genus of basal avemetatarsalian from the Middle/Upper Triassic Makay Formation (Isalo II beds) of Madagascar. The genus contains a single species, M. fiandohana, known from a partial skeleton with articulated osteoderms.

Isalo II
Isalo II, also known as the Makay Formation, is an informal Triassic geological unit in Madagascar.

It is described as "thick beds of mottled red or green clays associated with soft cross-bedded sandstones, light in colour and much finer-grained than the Isalo I sandstones." It is prominent in the Makay Massif.
Boris Miller
Boris Vsevolodovich Miller (Russian: Борис Всеволодович Миллер, 12 November 1877 – 6 August 1956) was a Soviet Iranianist scholar, professor at Moscow State University, and doctor of sciences in philology.

Iranian studies
Iranian studies (Persian: ايران‌شناسی Irânšenâsi), also referred to as Iranology and Iranistics, is an interdisciplinary field dealing with the research and study of the civilization, history, literature, language, art and culture of Iranian peoples. It is a part of the wider field of Oriental studies.

Iranian studies is broader than Persian studies, which is the study of the Persian language and literature specifically. The discipline of Iranian Studies focuses on broad trends in culture, history, language and other aspects of not only Persians, but also a variety of other contemporary and historical fellow Iranian peoples, such as Kurds, Lurs, Gilakis, Talysh, Tajiks, Pashtuns, Ossetians, Baluchis, Scythians, Sarmatians, Alans, Parthians, Sogdians, Bactrians, Khwarazmians, and Mazandaranis.
Orange-Caledonia-1 Vermont Representative District, 2002–2012
The Orange-Caledonia-1 Representative District is a one-member state Representative district in the U.S. state of Vermont.  It is one of the 108 one or two member districts into which the state was divided by the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 United States census.  The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010.  A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 United States census.

The Orange-Caledonia-1 District includes all of the Orange County towns of Newbury and Topsham, and the Caledonia County town of Groton.

As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 150 representatives, there were 4,059 residents per representative (or 8,118 residents per two representatives). The one member Orange-Caledonia-1 District had a population of 3,973 in that same census, 2.12% below the state average.

Vermont House of Representatives districts
Vermont's state House of Representatives consists of 150 members elected from 108 single or two-member districts as provided for in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 U.S. census.  The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010.  A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 U.S. census.

As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 150 representatives, there were 4059 residents per representative.