hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hiya (plant)
Hiya is a genus of ferns belonging to the family Dennstaedtiaceae. Described in 2018, it resembles ferns of the genus Hypolepis but differs from it by multiple characteristics: scrambling, indeterminate and intermittent growth of fronds; stipule-like pinnules at the base of pinnae, and a rachis-costa architecture where the adaxial sulcus of the rachis is continuous with that of the costae and costules.

The name of the genus references the name given to imperial guards from the Qing dynasty of China, hiya, due to the prickly or very rough armed stipes present in the ferns.

Hypolepis (plant)
Hypolepis (beadfern) is a genus of ferns described as a genus in 1806. The word is derived from Greek, meaning "under scale". It is found in tropical and subtropical regions, primarily in the New World but also in the Old World and on various oceanic islands.
Pennsylvania Route 601
Pennsylvania Route 601 (PA 601) is a 26.6-mile-long (42.8 km) state highway located in Somerset County, Pennsylvania.  The southern terminus is at PA 31/PA 281 in Somerset.  The northern terminus is at PA 56 in Paint.

Pennsylvania Route 56
Pennsylvania Route 56 (PA 56) is a 108-mile-long (174 km) state highway that is located in west central Pennsylvania in the United States.

Its western terminus is situated at the eastern end of the C.L. Schmitt Bridge in New Kensington. Its eastern terminus is located on U.S. Route 30 (US 30) west of Bedford.
Chungin
The chungin (Korean: 중인; Hanja: 中人; RR: jungin; lit. 'middle people') were the upper middle class of the Joseon Dynasty in medieval and early modern Korean society. This privileged class of commoners consisted of a small group of petty bureaucrats and other highly educated skilled workers whose technical and administrative skills enabled the yangban and the royal family to rule the lower classes. Chungin were the lifeblood of the Korean Confucian agrarian bureaucracy, on whom the upper classes depended on to maintain their vice-like hold on the people. Their traditions and habits are the forerunners of the modern Korean administrative systems in both North and South Korea.

Yangban
The yangban (Korean: 양반; Hanja: 兩班; IPA: [ja̠ŋba̠n]) were part of the traditional ruling class or gentry of dynastic Korea during the Joseon period. The yangban were mainly composed of highly educated civil officials and military officers—landed or unlanded aristocrats who individually exemplified the Korean Confucian form of a "scholarly official". They were largely government administrators and bureaucrats who oversaw medieval and early modern Korea's traditional agrarian bureaucracy until the end of the dynasty in 1897. In a broader sense, an office holder's family and descendants, as well as country families who claimed such descent, were socially accepted as yangban.

In contemporary Korean language, the term yangban can be used either as a compliment or insult.
Voiced retroflex fricative
A voiced retroflex sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʐ⟩. Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA symbol is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook extending from the bottom of a z (the letter used for the corresponding alveolar consonant).

Retroflex consonant
A retroflex (/ˈrɛtrəflɛks, -roʊ-/ ⓘ) consonant is a coronal consonant where the tongue has a flat, concave, or even curled shape, and is articulated between the alveolar ridge and the hard palate. They are sometimes referred to as cerebral consonants—especially in Indology. Other terms are domal and cacuminal (/kəˈkjuːmɪnəl/ ⓘ), though in rare cases either word can mean palatal consonants more broadly.

The Latin-derived word retroflex means "bent back"; some retroflex consonants are pronounced with the tongue fully curled back so that articulation involves the underside of the tongue tip (subapical). These sounds are sometimes described as "true" retroflex consonants. However, retroflexes are commonly taken to include other consonants having a similar place of articulation without such extreme curling of the tongue; these may be articulated with the tongue tip (apical) or the tongue blade (laminal). When apical, they have been called apico-domal or apico-palatal consonants.
Cultural property documentation
The documentation of cultural property is a critical aspect of collections care.  As stewards of cultural property, museums collect and preserve not only objects but the research and documentation connected to those objects, in order to more effectively care for them.  Documenting cultural heritage is a collaborative effort.  Essentially, registrars, collection managers, conservators, and curators all contribute to the task of recording and preserving information regarding collections. There are two main types of documentation museums are responsible for: records generated in the registration process—accessions, loans, inventories, etc. and information regarding research on objects and their historical significance.  Properly maintaining both types of documentation is vital to preserving cultural heritage.

Conservator-restorer
A conservator-restorer is a professional responsible for the preservation of artistic and cultural artifacts, also known as cultural heritage. Conservators possess the expertise to preserve cultural heritage in a way that retains the integrity of the object, building or site, including its historical significance, context and aesthetic or visual aspects. This kind of preservation is done by analyzing and assessing the condition of cultural property, understanding processes and evidence of deterioration, planning collections care or site management strategies that prevent damage, carrying out conservation treatments, and conducting research. A conservator's job is to ensure that the objects in a museum's collection are kept in the best possible condition, as well as to serve the museum's mission to bring art before the public.
Motspur Park railway station
Motspur Park railway station is a National Rail station in the London Borough of Merton in south London. The station is served by South Western Railway, and is in London fare zone 4. It is 9 miles 57 chains (15.6 km) down the line from London Waterloo.

Southbound destinations are Chessington South, Dorking and Guildford.

Chessington South railway station
Chessington South railway station is in the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames in Greater London, England, and is the terminus of the Chessington Branch Line. It is served by South Western Railway, and is 13 miles 73 chains (22.4 km) down the line from London Waterloo, in London fare zone 6. It is the nearest railway station to Chessington World of Adventures and Chessington School.
Locally connected space
In topology and other branches of mathematics, a topological space X is
locally connected if every point admits a neighbourhood basis consisting of open connected sets.

As a stronger notion, the space X is locally path connected if every point admits a neighbourhood basis consisting of open path connected sets.

Neighbourhood system
In topology and related areas of mathematics, the neighbourhood system, complete system of neighbourhoods, or neighbourhood filter  for a point  in a topological space is the collection of all neighbourhoods of
2015 Thai Premier League
The 2015 Thai Premier League (also known as Toyota Thai Premier League due to the sponsorship from Toyota) was the 19th season of the Thai Premier League since its establishment in 1996. A total of 18 teams competed in the league. The season began on 14 February and finished on 13 December.

Buriram United were the defending champions, having won their Thai Premier League title the previous season. Nakhon Ratchasima, Saraburi and Navy entered as the three promoted teams.

2014 Thai Premier League
The 2014 Thai Premier League (also known as Toyota Thai Premier League due to the sponsorship from Toyota) is the 18th season of the Thai Premier League since its establishment in 1996. A total of 20 teams are competing in the league. The season has begun on 22 February and will finish on 2 November.

Buriram United are the defending champions, having won their Thai Premier League title the previous season. Air Force Central, Singhtarua and PTT Rayong entered as the three promoted teams.
2024–25 Liga 4 South Sumatra
The 2024–25 Liga 4 South Sumatra was the inaugural season of Liga 4 South Sumatra after the change in the structure of Indonesian football competition and serves as a qualifying round for the national phase of the 2024–25 Liga 4. The competition is organised by the South Sumatra Provincial PSSI Association.

2024–25 Liga 4
The 2024–25 Liga 4 was the inaugural season of the Liga 4, a football league newly established by the PSSI as the fourth tier in the current league system, and the only amateur competition within the structure. The competition is organized by the PSSI Provincial Associations during the provincial phase and by the PSSI during the national phase.

Tri Brata Rafflesia won their first national trophy in the club history, after defeating Persika Karanganyar in the final match.
Duckmaloi River
Duckmaloi River, a perennial stream that is part of the Macquarie catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Central Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia.

The Duckmaloi River rises on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range east of Shooters Hill, and flows generally to the north and then east, where it forms its confluence with the Fish River near Oberon; dropping 265 metres (869 ft) over the course of its 27 kilometres (17 mi) length.

A small weir on the river, called the Duckmaloi Weir, forms part of the Fish River Water Supply Scheme and was constructed during 1963. The Scheme supplies water to Oberon and Lithgow Councils and the Sydney Catchment Authority for town water supplies, as well as Wallerawang and Mount Piper power stations owned by Delta Electricity for power generation purposes. The waters surrounding the weir are a site for a large platypus colony.

Fish River (Oberon)
Fish River, a perennial stream that is part of the Macquarie catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the central western district of New South Wales, Australia. The Fish River is in Wiradjuri country and its indigenous name is Wambuul, which means "winding river".

The Fish River rises on the plateau south east of Oberon, and flows generally to the north-west, becoming the main headwater of the Macquarie River. It merges with Campbells River, just east of Bathurst, forming the Macquarie River.  The river is impounded by a reservoir near Oberon which supplies water for the region. The Fish River descends 493 metres (1,617 ft) over its 119 kilometres (74 mi) course.

The Fish River was given its name by George Evans in 1813, because of the large number of fish they found in it, being a rare permanent stream.
Interstate 280 (Ohio)
Interstate 280 (I-280) is a 12.41-mile-long (19.97 km) auxiliary Interstate Highway in Ohio that connects I-75 in northeast Toledo with I-80/I-90 (part of the Ohio Turnpike) southeast of the city in northeastern Wood County. Built between 1955 and 1959, the route was originally part of the Detroit–Toledo Expressway. Although first designated in 1959, the highway originally contained several at-grade intersections and other features which left it substandard to the Interstate Highway System until 1990. Further construction in 2007 built a new crossing of the Maumee River, replacing an outdated drawbridge. The highway serves as an easterly bypass of the Toledo metropolitan area, passing through the communities of Northwood and Oregon. It is one of two auxiliary Interstate Highways serving Toledo, the other being I-475.

Interstate 80 in Ohio
Interstate 80 (I-80) in the US state of Ohio runs across the northern part of the state. Most of the route is part of the Ohio Turnpike; only an 18.78-mile (30.22 km) stretch is not part of the toll road. That stretch of road is the feeder route to the Keystone Shortway, a shortcut through northern Pennsylvania that provides access to New York City.
Cade Clair
Kamoren White, known professionally as Cade Clair, is an American rapper, singer-songwriter, and record producer. He is known for the tracks "Shake That Shit" with Jnhygs, "Let Me See Ya Move" with Lumi Athena, the remix of "Smoke It Off", and "Look Don't Touch" with Odetari. Several of these songs gained popularity on TikTok, with "Look Don't Touch" earning a gold certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Jnhygs
Briasia Genell Lockett (born March 9, 2007), professionally known as Jnhygs (stylized in all lowercase), is an American rapper, singer and songwriter based in Alabama. Her songs became popular on TikTok and SoundCloud in 2023, and her songs "Xtayalive", "Smoke It Off", and "Shake That Shit" reached the top 40 of the Billboard Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart, the former of all debuted at number 12 on the aforementioned chart and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). She is currently signed to 25/7 Records.
Chromatographic response function
Chromatographic response function, often abbreviated to CRF, is a coefficient which measures the quality of the separation in the result of a chromatography.

The CRF concept have been created during the development of separation optimization, to compare the quality  of many simulated or real chromatographic separations.  Many CRFs have been proposed and discussed.

In high performance liquid chromatography the CRF is calculated from various parameters of the peaks of solutes (like width, retention time, symmetry etc.) are considered into the calculation. In TLC the CRFs are based on the placement of the spots, measured as RF values.

Retardation factor
In chromatography, the retardation factor (R) is the fraction of an analyte in the mobile phase of a chromatographic system. In planar chromatography in particular, the retardation factor RF is defined as the ratio of the distance traveled by the center of a spot to the distance traveled by the solvent front. Ideally, the values for RF are equivalent to the R values used in column chromatography.

Although the term retention factor is sometimes used synonymously with retardation factor in regard to planar  chromatography the term is not defined in this context. However, in column chromatography, the retention factor or capacity factor (k)  is defined as the ratio of time an analyte is retained in the stationary phase to the time it is retained in the mobile phase, which is inversely proportional to the retardation factor.
Sterling Trucks
Sterling Trucks Corporation (commonly designated Sterling) was an American truck manufacturer.  Founded in 1998, Sterling was created following the 1997 acquisition of the heavy-truck product lines of Ford Motor Company by Freightliner.  Taking its nameplate from a long-defunct truck manufacturer, Sterling was slotted between Freightliner and Western Star within the Daimler product range (later Daimler Trucks North America).

Introduced as a rebadged version of Ford Louisville/Aeromax product line, the Sterling product range was expanded in the 2000s with medium-duty (Class 5–7) trucks.  After years of struggling to meet sales expectations, Daimler discontinued the Sterling Trucks line in 2009.

Headquartered in Redford Township, Michigan (Detroit), Sterling assembled its conventional-cab vehicles in St. Thomas, Ontario and Portland, Oregon.  Sterling-brand trucks were sold in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Australia, and New Zealand.

Western Star Trucks
Western Star is an American truck manufacturer headquartered in Portland, Oregon. It is owned by Daimler Truck North America, which is a subsidiary of German automotive manufacturer Daimler Truck AG. Western Star trucks are commonly sold at Freightliner dealerships and is generally marketed as a more premium compared to Freightliner.
Portballintrae
Portballintrae (from Irish Port Bhaile an Trá, meaning 'port of the beach settlement') is a small seaside village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is four miles east of Portrush and two miles west of the Giant's Causeway. In the 2021 census, Portballintrae had a population of 500. It lies within the Causeway Coast and Glens District Council area.

Portrush
Portrush (from Irish Port Rois, meaning 'port of the promontory') is a small seaside resort town on the north coast of County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It neighbours the resort of Portstewart in County Londonderry. The main part of the old town, including the railway station as well as most hotels, restaurants and bars, is built on a 1 mile (1.6 km)–long peninsula, Ramore Head. It had a population of 6,150 at the 2021 census.

The town is well known for its three sandy beaches, the West Strand, East Strand and White Rocks, as well as the Royal Portrush Golf Club, the only golf club outside Great Britain which has hosted The Open Championship – in 1951, 2019, and 2025.
2023–24 PSA World Tour
The 2023–24 PSA World Tour is the international squash tour organised circuit organized by the Professional Squash Association (PSA) for the 2023–24 squash season. It's the 9th PSA season since the merger of PSA and WSA associations in 2015.

The most important tournaments in the series are the PSA World Championship for Men's and Women's. The tour also features two circuits of regular events—PSA World Tour (formerly PSA World Series), which feature the highest prize money and the best fields; and PSA Challenger Tour with prize money ranging $3,000–$30,000. In the middle of the year (usually in June), the PSA World Tour tour is concluded by the Men's and Women's PSA World Tour Finals in Bellevue, United States, the season-ending championships for the top 8 rated players from World Tour level tournaments.

2024 Women's PSA World Tour Finals
The 2024 Xbox Women's PSA World Tour Finals is the women's sixth edition of the PSA World Tour Finals (Prize money : $224,500). The top 8 players in the 2023–24 PSA World Tour are qualified for the event. The event took place at the Boys & Girls Club at Hidden Valley Fieldhouse on 18–22 June 2024. It was the second time that United States hosted the PSA World Tour Finals after 2014 (Richmond).

It's the sixth edition under the PSA World Tour Finals label after the PSA renamed PSA World Series to current PSA World Tour Finals. Xbox replaced CIB as the main sponsor.
2015–16 FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The International Ski Federation (FIS) Alpine World Cup tour is the premier circuit for alpine skiing competition. The inaugural season launched in January 1967, and the 2016 season marked the 50th consecutive year for the FIS. This World Cup season began on 24 October 2015, in Sölden, Austria, and concluded in Saint Moritz, Switzerland on 20 March 2016. The World Ski Championship, a biennial event, did not interrupt this competitive season, and the upcoming World Championships were held Saint Moritz, Switzerland in February 2017

FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts that included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie). It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.

The inaugural World Cup race was held on 5 January 1967 in Berchtesgaden, West Germany, a slalom won by Heinrich Messner of Austria. Jean-Claude Killy of France and Nancy Greene of Canada were the overall winners for the first two seasons.
LZMA
LZMA (Lempel–Ziv–Markov chain algorithm) is a lossless data compression algorithm developed since 1998 by Igor Pavlov, the developer of 7-Zip. It has been used in the 7z format of the 7-Zip archiver since 2001. This algorithm uses a dictionary compression scheme somewhat similar to the LZ77 algorithm published by Abraham Lempel and Jacob Ziv in 1977 and features a high compression ratio (generally higher than bzip2) and a variable compression-dictionary size (up to 4 GB), while still maintaining decompression speed similar to other commonly used compression algorithms.

LZMA2 is a simple container format that allows multi-threaded compression and decompression using multiple separate LZMA streams. It is used in both in the 7z and the xz format.

Dictionary coder
A dictionary coder, also sometimes known as a substitution coder, is a class of lossless data compression algorithms which operate by searching for matches between the text to be compressed and a set of strings contained in a data structure (called the 'dictionary') maintained by the encoder. When the encoder finds such a match, it substitutes a reference to the string's position in the data structure.
2019 Raleigh mayoral election
The 2019 mayoral election in the city of Raleigh, North Carolina, was held on Tuesday, October 8, 2019. Former City Council member Mary-Ann Baldwin placed first in the election, followed by attorney Charles Francis. Although Baldwin did not receive a majority of the vote, Francis declined to seek a runoff, leaving Baldwin elected as the city's next mayor.

Incumbent Mayor Nancy McFarlane, first elected for a two-year term in 2011 and re-elected in 2013, 2015, and 2017, was eligible to seek re-election, but announced that she would not seek a fifth term.

2017 Raleigh mayoral election
The biennial nonpartisan election for the Mayor of Raleigh, North Carolina, was held on Tuesday, Oct. 10, 2017. As no candidate won a majority of the vote in the first round, a runoff was held on November 7, 2017, as requested by the second-place finisher, Charles Francis. Incumbent Mayor Nancy McFarlane defeated Francis in the runoff, winning a fourth term in office.

This was the first Raleigh mayoral election to advance to a second round since 2001.
Paterology
Paterology, or patriology, in Christian theology, refers to the study of God the Father. Both terms are derived from two Greek words: πατήρ (patḗr, father) and λογος (logos, teaching). As a distinctive theological discipline, within Theology proper, Paterology is closely related to Christology (study of Christ as God the Son) and Pneumatology (study of the Holy Spirit as God the Spirit).

God the Father
God the Father is a title given to God in Christianity. In mainstream trinitarian Christianity, God the Father is regarded as the First Person of the Trinity, followed by the Second Person, Jesus Christ the Son, and the Third Person, the Holy Spirit. Since the second century, Christian creeds included affirmation of belief in "God the Father (Almighty)", primarily in his capacity as "Father and creator of the universe".

Christians take the concept of God as the father of Jesus Christ metaphysically further than the concept of God as the creator and father of all people, as indicated in the Apostles' Creed where the expression of belief in the "Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth" is immediately, but separately, followed by "and in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord", thus expressing both senses of fatherhood.