hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Credit valuation adjustment
A Credit valuation adjustment (CVA), 

in financial mathematics, is an "adjustment" to a derivative's price, as charged by a bank to a counterparty to compensate it for taking on the credit risk of that counterparty during the life of the transaction. 
"CVA" can refer more generally to several related concepts, as delineated aside.
The most common transactions attracting CVA involve interest rate derivatives, foreign exchange derivatives, and combinations thereof. 
CVA has a specific capital charge under Basel III, and may also result in earnings volatility under IFRS 13, and is therefore managed by a specialized desk.
CVA is one of a family of related valuation adjustments, collectively xVA;  for further context here see Financial economics § Derivative pricing.

Capital requirement
A capital requirement (also known as regulatory capital, capital adequacy or capital base) is the amount of capital a bank or other financial institution has to have as required by its financial regulator. This is usually expressed as a capital adequacy ratio of equity as a percentage of risk-weighted assets. These requirements are put into place to ensure that these institutions do not take on excess leverage and risk becoming insolvent. Capital requirements govern the ratio of equity to debt, recorded on the liabilities and equity side of a firm's balance sheet. They should not be confused with reserve requirements, which govern the assets side of a bank's balance sheet—in particular, the proportion of its assets it must hold in cash or highly-liquid assets. Capital is a source of funds, not a use of funds.

From the 1880s to the end of the First World War, the capital-to-assets ratios globally declined sharply, before remaining relatively steady during the 20th century.
George Sergienko
George Sergienko Jr. (May 22, 1918 – December 4, 1993) was an American football tackle. He played college football for American International College and professional football for the Brooklyn Dodgers (NFL) (1943), Brooklyn Tigers (1944), Boston Yanks (1945), and Brooklyn Dodgers (AAFC) (1946).

Brooklyn Dodgers (AAFC)
The Brooklyn Dodgers were an American football team that played in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) from 1946 to 1948. The team is unrelated to the Brooklyn Dodgers that played in the National Football League from 1930 to 1943.  The team folded prior to the 1949 season and was merged with the New York Yankees to form the Brooklyn-New York Yankees.
Biopower
Biopower (or biopouvoir in French), coined by French social theorist Michel Foucault, refers to various means by which modern nation states control their populations.  In Foucault's work, it has been used to refer to practices of public health, regulation of heredity, and risk regulation, among many other regulatory mechanisms often linked less directly with literal physical health. Foucault first used the term in his lecture courses at the Collège de France, and the term first appeared in print in The Will to Knowledge, Foucault's first volume of The History of Sexuality.  It is closely related to a term he uses much less frequently, but which subsequent thinkers have taken up independently, biopolitics, which aligns more closely with the examination of the strategies and mechanisms through which human life processes are managed under regimes of authority over knowledge, power, and the processes of subjectivation.

Disciplinary institution
Disciplinary institutions (French: institution disciplinaire) is a concept proposed by Michel Foucault in Discipline and Punish (1975).  School, prison, barracks, or the hospital (especially psychiatric hospitals) are examples of historical disciplinary institutions, all created in their modern form in the 19th century with the Industrial Revolution. Discipline "cannot be identified with any one institution or apparatus," Deleuze explains, "precisely because it is a type of power, a technology, that traverses every kind of apparatus or institution, linking them, prolonging them, and making them converge and function in a new way."

This concept may be related to the concept of "total institution" proposed by Erving Goffman in 1961, as well as to Louis Althusser's Ideological State Apparatuses (ISA).
Kaew Fairtex
Sarawut Prapraipetch Thai: สราวุธ ประไพเพชร; born September 5, 1984), known professionally as Kaew Fairtex (Thai: แก้ว แฟร์เท็กซ์; born September 5, 1984), is a Thai professional Muay Thai fighter and kickboxer. He is the former two-time K-1 Super Lightweight Champion, a three-time K-1 Super Lightweight World Grand Prix winner, and the two-division Lumpinee Stadium champion.

Combat Press ranked Kaew Fairtex as a top ten featherweight (-66 kg) kickboxer in the world for seven consecutive years, i.e. between December 2014 and July 2021.

Lumpinee Boxing Stadium
Lumpinee Boxing Stadium (Thai: สนามเวทีมวยลุมพินี) is a sporting arena in Bangkok, Thailand.  Opened more than a decade later than Rajadamnern Stadium, Lumpinee is run by the Royal Thai Army. It has become the symbol of modern Muay Thai. Only Rajadamnern Stadium rivals the prestige of holding the title of "Muay Thai Champion of Lumpinee". The ranking system and championship titles are held from mini flyweight (105 lb) up to super welterweight (154 lb).

Muay Thai bouts are held on Tuesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays. The fights usually start around 18:00.

The final event at its original site on Rama IV Road near Lumphini Park (where One Bangkok is currently being built) was held on 8 February 2014. The stadium then moved to its new home on Ram Inthra Road which can hold up to 5,000 spectators. The new stadium held the first fight on 11 February 2014 and was officially opened on 28 February 2014.
Elisha Kriis
Elisha Kriis aka Elisha Patel is an Indian and American film actress and television personality. She has appeared in American, Hindi and Telugu films. In the United States she has starred in, 2018 human trafficking drama BorderCross, alongside Lorenzo Lamas and Danny Trejo, was the main protagonist in the 2018 crime thriller  Body of Sin, played a cyborg in the 2018 SciFi action Ink and Rain, . She has appeared in supporting roles in films like The Recall starring Wesley Snipes and in the trading card comedy feature titled Tournament 2019 starring Ricardo Chavira. In India she has appeared in political drama Wake Up India. action thriller Zanjeer starring Priyanka Chopra, remake of Zanjeer in Telugu Toofan and NDTV Goodtimes adventure travel documentary titled Kingfisher Blue Mile.

Zanjeer (2013 film)
Zanjeer (transl. Shackles) is a 2013 Indian crime action film directed by Apoorva Lakhia. A remake of the 1973 cult classic movie of the same name, the film stars Ram Charan, Priyanka Chopra, Sanjay Dutt, Prakash Raj, Atul Kulkarni, and Mahie Gill. The film was shot simultaneously in Hindi and Telugu, the latter titled Thoofan (transl. Storm) with Srihari replacing Dutt. This also marks Charan's Hindi cinema debut as well as Chopra's Telugu cinema debut and her second South Indian film after her debut film, Thamizhan (2002).

The film was released on 6 September 2013, and received negative reviews from critics.
Walking Wounded (short story)
"Walking Wounded” is a work of short fiction by Irwin Shaw, originally appearing in The New Yorker on May 13, 1944, and first collected in Act of Faith and Other Stories (1946) by Random House. The story was carried by Stars and Stripes during the war.

The story won the 1944 O. Henry Award Memorial Award First Prize, and is regarded as Shaw’s finest treatment of war in his works of short fiction. “Walking Wounded” is “probably Shaw’s most famous war story.”

Irwin Shaw
Irwin Shaw (February 27, 1913 – May 16, 1984) was an American playwright, screenwriter, novelist, and short-story author whose written works have sold more than 14 million copies. He is best known for two of his novels: The Young Lions (1948), about the fate of three soldiers during World War II, which was made into a film of the same name starring Marlon Brando and Montgomery Clift, and Rich Man, Poor Man (1970), about the fate of two brothers and a sister in the post-World War II decades, which in 1976 was made into a popular miniseries starring Peter Strauss, Nick Nolte, and Susan Blakely.
Adam Gemili
Adam Ahmed Gemili (born 6 October 1993) is a British sprinter. He is the 2014 European champion at 200 metres, three-time European champion in the 4 × 100 metres relay, and part of the Great Britain team that won gold at the 2017 World Championships in the same event. He has finished fourth in the 200 m at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, and fourth and fifth in separate editions of the World Championships in the same event.

He was the first British athlete and the first sprinter of either North African or Middle Eastern descent to run both the 100 m in less than 10 seconds and the 200 m in less than 20 seconds. He was also the first man of North African, Arab or Iranian heritage to break the 10-second barrier in the 100 metres.

A silver medalist in the 100 metres and 4 × 100 m relay in the 2014 Commonwealth Games, Gemili is also a former World Junior champion at 100 m and European Under-23 champion at 100 m and 4 × 100 m relay. He is a three-time national champion in the 200 m.

2012 World Junior Championships in Athletics
The 2012 World Junior Championships in Athletics was an international athletics competition for athletes qualifying as juniors (born 1993 or later) which was held at the Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, on 10–15 July 2012. A total of 44 athletics events were contested at the championships, 22 by male and 22 by female athletes.

Several medalists from the 2010 championships were eligible to defend their titles, including Jacko Gill, Jodie Williams, Shaunae Miller, and Angelica Bengtsson.  Gill and Bengtsson were successful.
Karger's algorithm
In computer science and graph theory, Karger's algorithm is a randomized algorithm to compute a minimum cut of a connected graph. It was invented by David Karger and first published in 1993.

The idea of the algorithm is based on the concept of contraction of an edge  in an undirected graph . Informally speaking, the contraction of an edge merges the nodes  and  into one, reducing the total number of nodes of the graph by one. All other edges connecting either  or  are "reattached" to the merged node, effectively producing a multigraph. Karger's basic algorithm iteratively contracts randomly chosen edges until only two nodes remain; those nodes represent a cut in the original graph. By iterating this basic algorithm a sufficient number of times, a minimum cut can be found with high probability.

Edge contraction
In graph theory, an edge contraction is an operation that removes an edge from a graph while simultaneously merging the two vertices that it previously joined. Edge contraction is a fundamental operation in the theory of graph minors. Vertex identification is a less restrictive form of this operation.
Song Myung-soon
Song Myung-soon is a former officer of the Republic of Korea Army.  She began her career in the Women's Army Corps and rose to command one of its battalions.  She has since worked at the South Korean-United States Combined Forces Command and in the offices of the South Korean Joint Chiefs of Staff.  In December 2010 Song became the sixth South Korean woman to be promoted to the rank of brigadier-general and the first to come from a combat arm. She was placed on the reservist forces two years later.

Joint Chiefs of Staff (South Korea)
The Joint Chiefs of Staff of the Republic of Korea (Korean: 대한민국 합동참모본부, Hanja: 大韓民國 合同參謀本部) is a group of chiefs from each major branch of the armed services in the South Korean military. Unlike the United States' counterpart which is primarily advisory, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff has actual operational control over all military personnel of South Korea's armed forces. The National Command Authority runs from the President and the Minister of National Defense to the Chairman and then to the Operational Commands of the service branches, bypassing the headquarters of each service branch. Currently there are five Operational Commands in the Army, two in the Navy (including the Marine Corps) and one in the Air Force.
Krishna Gopal Patel
Krishna Gopal Patel is an Indian politician and a member of the Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh in India. He represents the Nighasan constituency of Uttar Pradesh and is a member of the Samajwadi Party political party.

16th Uttar Pradesh Assembly
The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh (a.k.a. Sixteenth Vidhan Sabha of Uttar Pradesh) was constituted on 15 March 2012 as a result of 2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election held between 8 Feb to 3 March 2012. The Sixteenth Legislative Assembly has total of 404 MLAs (including one nominated Anglo-Indian member) against a total strength of 404 members.
Keys to Tulsa
Keys to Tulsa is a 1997 American crime film directed by Leslie Greif in his directorial debut, written by Harley Peyton, and starring Eric Stoltz and James Spader. It is based on the 1991 novel by Brian Fair Berkey. There is  an unrated version that runs 3 minutes longer than the theatrical release.

Harley Peyton
Harley Peyton is an American screenwriter and television producer. He worked in both capacities on Twin Peaks and was nominated for the 1990 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing in a Drama Series for his work on the series' third episode.
Yamada Akiyoshi
Count Yamada Akiyoshi (山田 顕義; November 18, 1844 – November 11, 1892) was a Japanese politician, samurai, and one of the early leaders of the Meiji Restoration. He served as Minister of Justice from 1885 to 1891. In his youth he was commonly known as Yamada Ichinojō; however, he changed his name frequently during the Bakumatsu period.

Minister of Justice (Japan)
The Minister of Justice (法務大臣, Hōmu Daijin) is a member of the Cabinet of Japan and is the leader and chief executive of the Ministry of Justice. The minister is nominated by the Prime Minister of Japan and is appointed by the Emperor of Japan.

The current minister is Hiroshi Hiraguchi, who took office on 21 October 2025.
Adian Pitkeev
Adian Yuryevich Pitkeev (Russian: Адьян Юрьевич Питкеев; born 16 May 1998) is a Russian former figure skater. The 2015 Russian national bronze medalist, he has won one medal on the Grand Prix series and two on the ISU Challenger Series. On the junior level, he is the 2014 World Junior silver medalist, the 2013–14 JGP Final silver medalist, and the 2013 European Youth Olympic champion.

2013–14 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final
The 2013–14 Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final was an international figure skating competition in the 2013–14 season, held together with the ISU Junior Grand Prix Final. The combined event was the culmination of two international series — the Grand Prix of Figure Skating and the Junior Grand Prix.

The competition was held in Fukuoka, Japan from 5 to 8 December 2013, with medals awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior and junior levels.
If You Want Blood You've Got It
If You Want Blood You've Got It (written as just If You Want Blood) is the first live album by Australian hard rock band AC/DC, and their only live album released during Bon Scott's lifetime. It was originally released in the UK and Europe on 13 October 1978, in the US on 21 November 1978, and in Australia on 27 November 1978. The album was re-released in 1994 on Atco Records and in 2003 as part of the AC/DC Remasters series.

Powerage
Powerage is the fifth studio album by Australian hard rock band AC/DC, released on 5 May 1978 in the United Kingdom and 20 May 1978 in the United States, by Albert Productions and Atlantic Records. This was the band's first album to feature Cliff Williams on bass guitar, and it was also the first AC/DC album not to have a title track (aside from the Australia-only High Voltage album) and the first worldwide not to be released with a different album cover. Powerage was re-released in 2003 as part of the AC/DC Remasters series.
Rabuleia gens
The gens Rabuleia was a minor plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are first mentioned in the early decades of the Republic, and Manius Rabuleius was a member of the second decemvirate in 450 BC.  However, the Rabuleii subsequently fell into obscurity, and only a few of this family are known from later inscriptions.

Decemviri
The decemviri or decemvirs (Latin for "ten men") refer to official ten-man commissions established by the Roman Republic.

The most important were those of the two decemvirates, formally the decemvirate with consular power for writing laws (Latin: decemviri consulari imperio legibus scribundis) who reformed and codified Roman law during the Conflict of the Orders between ancient Rome's patrician aristocracy and plebeian commoners. Other decemviri include the decemviri for adjudging litigation (decemviri stlitibus judicandis), the decemviri for making sacrifices (decemviri sacris faciundis), and the decemviri for the assignment and giving of arable lands (decemviri agris dandis adsignandis).
Killing of Hadeel al-Hashlamon
Hadeel al-Hashlamon (Arabic: هديل الهشلمون) was an 18-year-old Palestinian woman who was shot and killed on September 22, 2015 by an Israeli soldier at a checkpoint in Hebron in the Israeli-occupied West Bank. According to Amnesty International, Hashlamon's killing constituted an extrajudicial execution due to her posing no threat. According to the Israel Defense Forces, Hashlamon was shot while trying to stab a soldier, but pro-Palestinian groups contested this, saying there is no video or photographic evidence of the moment of the shooting. Hashlamon was one of the first deaths of the 2015–2016 wave of violence in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Extrajudicial killing
An extrajudicial killing (also known as an extrajudicial execution or an extralegal killing) is the deliberate killing of a person without the lawful authority granted by a judicial proceeding. It typically refers to government authorities, whether lawfully or unlawfully, targeting specific people for death, which in authoritarian regimes often involves political, trade union, dissident, religious and social figures. The term is typically used in situations that imply the human rights of the victims have been violated. Deaths caused by legal police actions (such as self defense) or legal warfighting on a battlefield are generally not included, even though military and police forces are often used for killings seen by critics as illegitimate. The label "extrajudicial killing" has also been applied to organized, lethal enforcement of extralegal social norms by non-government actors, including lynchings and honor killings.
Solar eclipse of March 7, 1932
An annular solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's ascending node of orbit on Monday, March 7, 1932, with a magnitude of 0.9277. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. An annular solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is smaller than the Sun's, blocking most of the Sun's light and causing the Sun to look like an annulus (ring). An annular eclipse appears as a partial eclipse over a region of the Earth thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 3.6 days before apogee (on March 10, 1932, at 22:00 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

Annularity was visible from parts of Antarctica and southern Tasmania. A partial eclipse was visible for parts of Antarctica, Australia, and Southeast Asia.

Lunar node
A lunar node is either of the two orbital nodes of the Moon; that is, the two points at which the orbit of the Moon intersects the ecliptic. The ascending (or north) node is where the Moon moves into the northern ecliptic hemisphere, while the descending (or south) node is where the Moon enters the southern ecliptic hemisphere.

They are the reason for eclipse season, being the intersection necessary for the alignment of Sun, Earth and Moon.
Kunnamangalam Assembly constituency
Kunnamangalam State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India.  It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Kozhikode Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 Assembly elections, the current MLA is P. T. A Rahim of CPI(M).

2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election
The 2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election was held on 16 May 2016 to elect 140 MLAs to the 14th Kerala Legislative Assembly.

Voter turnout was 77.53%, up from 75.12% in the previous election. The result was declared on 19 May 2016. The Left Democratic Front (LDF), led by Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)), won the election, defeating the incumbent United Democratic Front (UDF), led by the Indian National Congress (INC), which could only win 47 seats in the election. Pinarayi Vijayan was sworn in as the Chief Minister on 25 May.
Ranking of Kings
Ranking of Kings (王様ランキング, Ōsama Rankingu) is a Japanese web manga series written and illustrated by Sōsuke Tōka. It has been serialized on Echoes' user-submitted Manga Hack website since May 2017 and has been collected in 21 tankōbon volumes by Enterbrain. The story follows the adventures of a little prince named Bojji, who was born deaf and tiny in size, and his friend Kage, a survivor of a wiped-out assassin clan, who understands Bojji's words despite him being unable to speak.

An anime television series adaptation produced by Wit Studio aired from October 2021 to March 2022 on Fuji TV's Noitamina programming block. The spin-off series Ranking of Kings: The Treasure Chest of Courage aired from April to June 2023.

An anime film adaptation has been announced.

Noitamina
Noitamina (ノイタミナ; stylized noitaminA, "Animation" written backwards) is a Japanese late-night anime programming block produced by Fuji Television, which launched in April 2005, and currently airs on Friday nights from 23:30 to 24:00 JST (effectively Friday nights from 11:30 p.m. to Saturday midnight JST).  All anime production under the block are joint-venue by Fuji TV, Dentsu, and usually Sony Music Entertainment Japan (or through its subsidiary Aniplex).
Global Plant Clinic
The Global Plant Clinic (GPC) is managed by CABI in alliance with Rothamsted Research and FERA Science. The GPC provides plant health services and supports over 80 plant health clinics in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The clinic has a diagnostic service, which covers all plants and types of problems, is used by over 80 countries and helps maintain disease vigilance. The clinic also trains plant pathologists, and work with all sectors to improve regular and reliable access to technical support and advice. The clinics main aim is to create durable plant health services for those who need them most by improving access to technical support and advice.

Plant pathology
Plant pathology or phytopathology is the scientific study of plant diseases caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Plant pathology involves the study of pathogen identification, disease etiology, disease cycles, economic impact, plant disease epidemiology, plant disease resistance, how plant diseases affect humans and animals, pathosystem genetics, and management of plant diseases.
Charlotte, Princess Royal
Charlotte, Princess Royal (Charlotte Augusta Matilda; 29 September 1766 – 6 October 1828), was Queen of Württemberg as the wife of King Frederick I. She was the eldest daughter and fourth child of George III of the United Kingdom and his wife, Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

Princess Elizabeth of the United Kingdom
Princess Elizabeth (22 May 1770 – 10 January 1840), called Eliza, was the seventh child and third daughter of King George III and Queen Charlotte. After marrying the Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg, Frederick VI, she took permanent residence in Germany as landgravine.