hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kijfhoek (village)
Kijfhoek is a small village in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is located about 4 km west of the town of Zwijndrecht.

Kijfhoek was a separate municipality between 1817 and 1857, when it merged with Groote Lindt.

North of Kijfhoek lies one of the largest railway yards of the Netherlands.

Zwijndrecht, Netherlands
Zwijndrecht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈzʋɛindrɛxt] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands. It is in the province of South Holland, at the southern tip of the island of IJsselmonde, and at the confluence of the rivers Oude Maas, Beneden-Merwede, and Noord.
1948 North Carolina Tar Heels football team
The 1948 North Carolina Tar Heels football team represented the University of North Carolina during the 1948 college football season. The Tar Heels were led by sixth-year head coach Carl Snavely and played their home games at Kenan Memorial Stadium. The team finished the regular season undefeated with a record of 9–0–1, and outscored their opponents 261–94. North Carolina was ranked third in the final AP Poll of the season (conducted before bowl season), which is to date the highest finish in school history. They were invited to the 1949 Sugar Bowl, where they lost to Big 7 Conference champion Oklahoma.

Halfback Charlie Justice was a consensus first-team All-American, and finished second in the voting for the Heisman Trophy. He led the team in rushing, passing, and punting, with 766 rushing yards, 854 passing yards, and 20 total touchdowns. End Art Weiner was also named an All-American, including first-team by the Football Writers Association of America and the New York Sun.

Kenan Stadium
Kenan Stadium (formerly Kenan Memorial Stadium) is a college football stadium located on Stadium Drive in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Opened in 1927, it is home to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's (UNC) football team, which competes in the Atlantic Coast Conference. The facility replaced Emerson Field, where the school's football program had been based since 1916. Plans for the stadium began as attendance increased. Ground was broken on the stadium in December 1926 and work completed in August 1927. The stadium hosted its first game on November 12, 1927, when the Tar Heels faced the Davidson Wildcats, where the Tar Heels won 27–0 in front of 9,000 spectators. On November 24, 1927, the stadium was officially opened and dedicated during a game where the Tar Heels hosted the Virginia Cavaliers and won 14–13.
2018–19 Detroit Pistons season
The 2018–19 Detroit Pistons season was the 78th season of the franchise, the 71st in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the second in Midtown Detroit. This was the first season under new head coach Dwane Casey.

The Pistons qualified for the NBA playoffs during the final game of the regular season with a 115–89 victory over the New York Knicks on April 10. This marked the first time the team qualified for the playoffs since the 2015–16 season and for only the second time in the last ten seasons. In the first round of the playoffs, the Pistons were eliminated by the Milwaukee Bucks in four games, and got swept in the playoffs for the third time since 2009, not winning a playoff game since 2008.

This season would be the last time until 2025 that the Pistons would make the playoffs.

2019 NBA playoffs
The 2019 NBA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 2018–19 season. The playoffs began on April 13 and ended on June 13 with the Eastern Conference champion Toronto Raptors defeating the two-time defending NBA champion and Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors in 4 games to 2 to win their first title in franchise history. Kawhi Leonard was named the NBA Finals MVP for the first time since 2014.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this was the last postseason until 2022 to be played in its traditional April through June schedule. This was also the last NBA Finals featuring coaches wearing formal business attire, as the business attire for coaches was completely abandoned following the 2020 pandemic.
2013 Saravan earthquake
The 2013 Saravan earthquake occurred with a moment magnitude of 7.7 at 15:14 pm IRDT (UTC+4:30) on 16 April. The shock struck a mountainous area between the cities of Saravan and Khash in Sistan and Balochistan province, Iran, close to the border with Pakistan, with a duration of about 25 seconds. The earthquake occurred at an intermediate depth in the Arabian plate lithosphere, near the boundary between the subducting Arabian plate and the overriding Eurasian plate at a depth of about 80 km.

It was the largest earthquake in Iran within the last 300 years, equal in magnitude to the one that shook East Azerbaijan in 1721, which had killed up to 250,000 people, and possibly the largest in the last half-century. The earthquake followed a magnitude 6.3 event near Bushehr. The town of Mashkel was close to the quake's epicentre, and around 85 percent of the city's buildings were demolished. Thirty-five people were killed in the earthquake.

2013 Bushehr earthquake
The 2013 Bushehr earthquake occurred with a moment magnitude of 6.3 on April 9 in Iran. The shock's epicenter was in the province of Bushehr, near the city of Khvormuj and the towns of Kaki and Shonbeh. At least 37 people were killed, mostly from the town of Shonbeh and villages of Shonbeh-Tasuj district, and an estimated 850 people were injured.
2006–07 England Hockey League season
The 2006–07 English Hockey League season took place from September 2006 until April 2007. The league was sponsored by Slazenger and the men's title was won by Reading with the women's title going to Leicester. There were no playoffs during the season.

The Men's Cup was won by Cannock and the Women's Cup was won by Bowdon Hightown.

Reading Hockey Club
Reading Hockey Club is a professional field hockey club based at Sonning Lane in the English town of Reading. It is one of the most successful clubs in the United Kingdom with National League and Cup honours. The men's team have been champions of England on six occasions and the women's team on three occasions.

The men's first team play in the Men's England Hockey League Premier Division and the Ladies 1st XI team play in the Women's England Hockey League Premier Division.

RHC runs 11 men's teams, 8 ladies teams and has a flourishing junior (colts) section. It is also runs an England Hockey Talent academy. Players range from 5 to 70+ years old. RHC has over 500 senior and nearly 550 junior members and is based at a top class facility in Sonning Lane, where they have been since 1984. There are 2 pitches at the clubhouse, Sonning Lane Water and Sonning Lane Sand.
Skira
The festival of the Skira (Ancient Greek: Σκίρα) or Skirophoria (Ancient Greek: Σκιροφόρια) in the calendar of ancient Athens, closely associated with the Thesmophoria, marked the dissolution of the old year in May/June.

Attic calendar
The Attic calendar or Athenian calendar is the lunisolar calendar beginning in midsummer with the lunar month of Hekatombaion, in use in ancient Attica, the ancestral territory of the Athenian polis. It is sometimes called the Greek calendar because of Athens's cultural importance, but it is only one of many ancient Greek calendars.

Although relatively abundant, the evidence for the Attic calendar is still patchy and often contested. As it was well known in Athens and of little use outside Attica, no contemporary source set out to describe the system as a whole. Further, even during the well-sourced 5th and 4th centuries BC, the calendar underwent changes, not all perfectly understood. As such, any account given of it must be a tentative reconstruction.
142nd (Durham) Heavy Battery, Royal Garrison Artillery
142nd (Durham) Heavy Battery was a unit of Britain's Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) formed during World War I from coast defence gunners of the Durham Royal Garrison Artillery. It served on the Western Front, including the Battles of Vimy Ridge, Passchendaele, the Lys, and the Allied Hundred Days Offensive in 1918.

1st Durham Volunteer Artillery
The 1st Durham Volunteer Artillery was a unit of Britain's Volunteer Force and Territorial Army from 1860 to 1956. During World War I, it was the only coastal defence unit to engage the enemy, and it also trained siege gunners for service on the Western Front. It continued its coast defence role in World War II, after which it was converted into air defence and engineer units.
Rope, Cheshire
Rope is a scattered settlement and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of  Cheshire, England. It lies immediately to the south of Crewe, with the centre of the parish being around 2¼ miles from the centre of Crewe. Nearby villages include Shavington, Willaston and Wistaston. The civil parish has a total population of just over 2150, reducing to 2,034 at the 2011 Census.

Wistaston
Wistaston is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, North West England. It is sited approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Crewe town centre and 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Nantwich. It has a population of 8,222, reducing to 8,117 at the 2011 Census.
1891 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1891 Michigan Wolverines football team was an American football team that represented the University of Michigan in the 1891 college football season. The team compiled a 4–5 record and outscored opponents by a total of 168 to 124.

James Van Inwagen was the team captain. Frank Crawford was the team's coach, assisted by Mike Murphy.

James E. Duffy (American football)
James Eugene Duffy (January 10, 1867 – September 16, 1953) was an American college football player and lawyer. He played halfback for the University of Michigan football team for seven years from 1885 to 1891 and was captain of the 1888 team. In 1886, he set the world record by drop kicking a football 168 feet, 7½ inches. After graduating from Michigan, he was an attorney in Bay City, Michigan and a long-time member of the University of Michigan Board in Control of Athletics.
The Long Season
The Long Season (Chinese: 漫长的季节; pinyin: Màncháng de jìjié) is a Chinese television drama produced by Tencent Penguin Pictures. Directed by Xin Shuang, the 12-episode mystery suspense series starred Fan Wei, Qin Hao, and Chen Minghao, Li Gengxi, Liu Yitie, and Jiang Qiming. It tells a story spanning nearly 20 years about multiple characters involved in a dismemberment case at Hualin, a fictional factory town in Northeast China modeled on Anshan. It premiered on Tencent Video on 22 April 2023, and on Jiangsu TV on 11 February 2024.

Chinese television drama
Chinese television dramas (Chinese: 中国电视连续剧; pinyin: Zhōngguó diànshì liánxùjù), sometimes colloquially known as C-dramas, are Chinese-language television drama series originating from China, sometimes including co-productions with the Greater China region. Popular drama series genres in China include fantasy romance, period costume, contemporary urban and thriller dramas. Chinese dramas are often subjected to stringent regulatory supervisions from China's National Radio and Television Administration (NRTA).

China produces the most television drama episodes per year and has the largest number of domestic television viewers in the world. It is also the second largest video streaming market in the world by revenue. Chinese television dramas are regularly broadcast and streamed throughout Asia; particularly in Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Cambodia.
2016–17 Utah Jazz season
The 2016–17 Utah Jazz season was the 43rd season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the 38th season of the franchise in Salt Lake City. They qualified for the playoffs for the first time since 2012.

The Jazz finished the regular season with a 51–31 record, securing the 5th seed. In the playoffs, the Jazz defeated the Los Angeles Clippers in the First Round in seven games and advanced to the Western Conference semifinals, where they were swept in four games by the eventual champion Golden State Warriors.

Following the season, Gordon Hayward would sign as a free agent with the Boston Celtics. He was also selected to play in the 2017 NBA All-Star Game.

2017 NBA playoffs
The 2017 NBA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the 2016–17 season. The playoffs began on April 15, 2017, and ended on June 12, with the Western Conference champion Golden State Warriors defeating the Eastern Conference champion Cleveland Cavaliers 4 games to 1 in the NBA Finals, their third consecutive meeting in the Finals. Kevin Durant was named the NBA Finals MVP in his first year on the team.

The Warriors set the record for the longest playoff winning streak (15) and the best record (16–1) in NBA playoff history.
Row and column spaces
In linear algebra, the column space (also called the range or image) of a matrix A is the span (set of all possible linear combinations) of its column vectors. The column space of a matrix is the image or range of the corresponding matrix transformation.

Let  be a field. The column space of an m × n matrix with components from  is a linear subspace of the m-space .  The dimension of the column space is called the rank of the matrix and is at most min(m, n). A definition for matrices over a ring  is also possible.

The row space is defined similarly.

The row space and the column space of a matrix A are sometimes denoted as C(AT) and C(A) respectively.

This article considers matrices of real numbers.  The row and column spaces are subspaces of the real spaces  and  respectively.

Linear span
In mathematics, the linear span (also called the linear hull or just span) of a set  of elements of a vector space  is the smallest linear subspace of  that contains  It is the set of all finite linear combinations of the elements of S, and the intersection of all linear subspaces that contain  It is often denoted span(S) or

For example, in geometry, two linearly independent vectors span a plane.

To express that a vector space V is a linear span of a subset S, one commonly uses one of the following phrases: S spans V; S is a spanning set of V; V is spanned or generated by S;  S is a generator set or a generating set of V.

Spans can be generalized to many mathematical structures, in which case, the smallest substructure containing  is generally called the substructure generated by
Great Qing Gold Coin
The Great Qing Gold Coin (simplified Chinese: 大清金币; traditional Chinese: 大清金幣; pinyin: Dà Qīng Jīn Bì), also known as the Qing Dynasty Gold Coin or Da-Qing Jinbi, was the name of an unissued series of gold coins produced under the reign of the Guangxu Emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty. These coins were produced in the scenario that the government of the Qing dynasty would adopt the gold standard, as was common in most of the world at the time.

During the Qing dynasty, the Chinese coinage system was based on a bimetallic system of copper and silver and these proposed coins would have also introduced gold coinage to China. However, only a small number of trial coins were produced in the years 1906 and 1907, despite the production these pattern coins the Great Qing Gold Coin did not ever see any circulation.

Qing dynasty coinage
Qing dynasty coinage was based on a bimetallic standard of copper and silver coinage. The Manchu-led Qing dynasty was proclaimed in 1636 and ruled over China proper from 1644 until its overthrow in 1912 as a result of the Xinhai Revolution. The Qing saw the transformation of a traditional cash coin–based cast coinage monetary system into a modern currency system with machine-struck coins, while the old traditional silver ingots would slowly be replaced by silver coins based on those of the Mexican peso. After the Qing dynasty was abolished, its currency was replaced by the Chinese yuan of the Republic of China.
Springdale, New Zealand
Springdale is a rural community in the Matamata-Piako District and Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island.

It is located north-west of Tatuanui, north of Morrinsville and east of Tahuna near State Highway 27.

Tahuna, Waikato
Tahuna is a small rural settlement located 18 km north of Morrinsville. In the Māori language Tahuna means sandbank, likely to refer to the sandbanks along the nearby Piako River, where a Māori settlement started.  Tahuna is seen as the upper limit for navigatable travel on the Piako River. The settlement has a rugby club, a lawn bowls club, a golf course and various shops.

Although Tahuna is in the Matamata-Piako District for local government, its representation in national government is within the Coromandel electorate due to the abolition of the Piako electorate for the 2008 election.

A town water supply was proposed in the 1980s and installed in the 2000s.
Sky Raiders
Sky Raiders is a 12-episode 1941 Universal film serial. The serial was directed by Ford Beebe and Ray Taylor. Sky Raiders stars Donald Woods, Billy Halop, Robert Armstrong and Eduardo Ciannelli. Sky Raiders has little in common with Universal's other early-1940s espionage outings like Sea Raiders or Junior G-Men, although the serial is often lumped in together as if it is part of a series.

Junior G-Men (serial)
Junior G-Men is a 1940 Universal film serial.  It was Universal's 116th serial (and the 48th with sound) of their total of output of 137.  The serial is one of the three serials starring "The Dead End Kids and Little Tough Guys" who were under contract to Universal at the time.  The plot of Junior G-Men is a pre-World War II G-Man story about fifth columnists in the United States, with the FBI joining forces with youth to save the country.
2020 Union Omaha season
The 2020 Union Omaha season was the first season in the soccer team's history, where they competed in the third division of American soccer, USL League One, the second season of that competition. Union Omaha played their home games at Werner Park, located in Papillion, Nebraska, United States.  Union Omaha finished the regular season in second place to qualify for the USL League One final to take place against Greenville Triumph, however the game was canceled due to an outbreak of COVID-19 on the Union Omaha roster.  Greenville were awarded the title as a result of finishing with the highest points per game average during the regular season.

Union Omaha
Union Omaha Soccer Club is an American professional soccer team based in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. Nicknamed the Owls, the team made its debut in USL League One (USL1) in 2020. In the clubs first five seasons, the Owls finished in first place in the league three times and defeated two MLS sides during the 2022 U.S. Open Cup. Along with those achievements, Union Omaha won the league championship in just the second season of the club's existence and again in 2024.
2008–09 Czech 1. Liga season
The 2008–09 Czech 1.liga season was the 16th season of the 1st Czech Republic Hockey League, the second level of ice hockey in the Czech Republic. 16 teams participated in the league, and HC Slovan Ustecti Lvi won the championship.

HC Kometa Brno
HC Kometa Brno ("Comet" in English) is a professional ice hockey team based in Brno, Czech Republic. They play in the Czech Extraliga. Kometa is the most successful ice hockey club in the Czech Republic with 14 Czechoslovak (and Czech) league championship titles. Holding three European Cup titles, Kometa ranks as the most successful Czech club in international ice hockey. The team HC Kometa Brno has won three Czech Extraliga championships, capturing the title back-to-back in 2016–17 and 2017–18, and for a third time in 2024–25, so therefore, the club is also the current champion (2025) of the Czech Republic.
England Keep My Bones
England Keep My Bones is the fourth studio album by London-based singer-songwriter Frank Turner, released on 6 June 2011, on Xtra Mile in the United Kingdom, and on 7 June 2011, on Epitaph Records worldwide. Preceded by the single, "Peggy Sang the Blues", the album was produced and mixed by Tristan Ivemy, who had previously mixed Love, Ire and Song, Rock & Roll and Campfire Punkrock.

The album's title is taken from William Shakespeare's play, The Life and Death of King John, with Turner noting, "I knew that the album was, for the most part, about mortality, and about Englishness. Shakespeare seemed like a good place to go hunting for some pearls of wisdom, and with a little help from my friend Ben we came across this one, and it just seemed to fit the work really well."

Love Ire & Song
Love Ire & Song is the second studio album by English singer-songwriter Frank Turner, released on 31 March 2008 by Xtra Mile Recordings. On 26 January 2009, the album was re-released as a deluxe version, including the First Three Years compilation album.  Love Ire & Song was re-released on 21 July 2009 through Epitaph Records, where Frank Turner had recently signed to.

In October 2008, Turner released the track "Long Live the Queen" as a benefit single for the Breast Cancer Campaign, in honour of a close friend who succumbed to the disease.
North (Matchbox Twenty album)
North is the fourth studio album by American rock band Matchbox Twenty. It was released on August 28, 2012, in Australia and September 4, 2012, through Atlantic Records worldwide. It is the first album from the band to debut at No. 1 on the Billboard 200, selling 95,000 copies in its first week. It is also the first album of all new material that the band has released since More Than You Think You Are in 2002, although they recorded six new songs for their 2007 compilation album Exile on Mainstream. It is also their first full-length studio album since rhythm guitarist Adam Gaynor's departure from the band in 2005, as well as their last album produced by longtime producer Matt Serletic.

Exile on Mainstream
Exile on Mainstream is the first compilation album by American rock band Matchbox Twenty. The album was released in two parts: the first was an EP, featuring seven new songs that emerged from a 12-song recording session, produced by Steve Lillywhite. The other part consists of remastered versions of 11 of the band's biggest hits.
Sokhondo Nature Reserve
Sokhondo Nature Reserve (Russian: Сохондинский заповедник) (also Sokhondinskiy) is a Russian 'zapovednik' (strict nature reserve) in the south of Eastern Siberia, 25 km north of the border with Mongolia.  It is the farthest source of the Amur River, and is centered on the Sokhondo Mountain massif (2,508 metres (8,228 ft)), in the highest sector of the Khentei-Chikoy Highlands in the Khentei Range mountain range. The Sokhondo massif has two peaks (Big Sokhondo and Little Sokhondo), and is an ancient volcano.  Also within the borders are many lakes of glacial origin. In 1985, Sokhondo was named a UNESCO MAB (Man and Biosphere) Biosphere Reserve.  The reserve is situated in the Chita district of Chita Oblast.

Zapovednik
A zapovednik is an established term on the territory of the former Soviet Union for a protected area which is kept "forever wild". It is the highest degree of environmental protection for the assigned areas, which are strictly protected. Access to the public is restricted.
Daceton
Daceton is a Neotropical genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmicinae. The genus contains only two species: D. armigerum, the most studied species, distributed throughout northern South America, and D. boltoni, known from Brazil and Peru.

Daceton armigerum
Daceton armigerum is a Neotropical species of arboreal ants, distributed throughout northern South America. D. armigerum combines several traits generally noted in some other arboreal ants i.e., populous colonies, large and/or polydomous nests, intra- and interspecific aggressiveness, trophobiosis, and capturing prey by spread-eagling them.