hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linear space (geometry)
A linear space is a basic structure in incidence geometry.  A linear space consists of a set of elements called points, and a set of elements called lines.  Each line is a distinct subset of the points.  The points in a line are said to be incident with the line.  Each two points are in a line, and any two lines may have no more than one point in common.  Intuitively, this rule can be visualized as the property that two straight lines never intersect more than once.

Linear spaces can be seen as a generalization of projective and affine planes, and more broadly, of 2- block designs, where the requirement that every block contains the same number of points is dropped and the essential structural characteristic is that 2 points are incident with exactly 1 line.

The term linear space was coined by Paul Libois in 1964, though many results about linear spaces are much older.

Block design
In combinatorial mathematics, a block design is an incidence structure consisting of a set together with a family of subsets known as blocks, chosen such that number of occurrences of each element satisfies certain conditions making the collection of blocks exhibit symmetry (balance). Block designs have applications in many areas, including experimental design, finite geometry, physical chemistry, software testing, cryptography, and algebraic geometry.

Without further specifications the term block design usually refers to a balanced incomplete block design (BIBD), specifically (and also synonymously) a 2-design, which has been the most intensely studied type historically due to its application in the design of experiments. Its generalization is known as a t-design.
Kwesé Sports
Kwesé Sports (Shona: [kwese]) was a sport website serving Sub-Saharan Africa operated by Econet Media, a subsidiary of Econet Wireless. Kwesé Sports was launched on 4 December 2015 with the announcement made by Econet Wireless founder Strive Masiyiwa, on the social networking site Facebook.

Econet Global
Econet, officially known as Econet Group, is a diversified telecommunications group with operations and investments in Africa, Europe, South America and the East Asia Pacific Rim, offering products and services in the core areas of mobile and fixed telephony services, broadband, satellite, optical fiber networks and mobile payment.

The group's subsidiaries include Econet Wireless, Cassava Technologies and Cassava Smartech.
Marquis of Vila Viçosa
The title Marquis of Vila Viçosa (in Portuguese Marquês de Vila Viçosa) was created by royal decree, dated May 25, 1455, by King Afonso V of Portugal), to Fernando of Braganza, second son of Afonso, 1st Duke of Braganza.

Dom Fernando, was already 3rd Count of Arraiolos when he got the new title of Marquis of Vila Viçosa. Later, in 1460, as his older brother Afonso, died without legitimate issue, he became the House of Braganza heir and, one year later, following his father’s death (1461), he also became the 2nd Duke of Braganza.

That’s why the title  Marquis of Vila Viçosa became associated with the title Duke of Braganza.

The Queen consort Amélie of Orleans, while in exile (20th Century), also used the title of Marchioness of Vila Viçosa.

Duke of Braganza
The title Duke of Braganza (Portuguese: Duque de Bragança) in the House of Braganza is one of the most important titles in the peerage of Portugal.  Starting in 1640, when the House of Braganza acceded to the throne of Portugal, the male heir of the Portuguese Crown were known as Duke of Braganza, along with their style Prince of Beira or (from 1645 to 1816)  Prince of Brazil.  The tradition of the heir to the throne being titled Duke of Braganza was revived by various pretenders after the establishment of the Portuguese Republic on 5 October 1910 to signify their claims to the throne.
WYHI
WYHI (99.9 MHz) is a non-commercial FM radio station licensed to Park Forest, Illinois, serving the Southland suburbs of Chicago.  It is owned and operated by the Bible Broadcasting Network and it carries a Christian talk and teaching radio format.  National religious leaders heard on WYHI include Chuck Swindoll, Joni Eareckson Tada, Adrian Rogers and J. Vernon McGee.  The station is listener-supported and seeks donations on the air.

WYHI has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 50,000 watts, the maximum for most Illinois stations.  The transmitter is on West County Line Road in Peotone, near Interstate 57.

Park Forest, Illinois
Park Forest is a village and south suburb of Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States, with a small southern portion in Will County. The village was originally designed by Loebl Schlossman & Bennett as a planned community for veterans returning from World War II. As of the 2020 census, the village had a population of 21,687.

Park Forest is bordered by Olympia Fields to the north, Chicago Heights to the east, University Park to the south, and Richton Park and Matteson to the west. The village has multiple public and private schools. In addition to the arts and culture scene including Tall Grass Arts Association and the Illinois Theatre Center, residents also have access to a myriad of recreational opportunities for both children and adults such as the Park Forest Aqua Center.
Hiram Wilson
Hiram Wilson (September 25, 1803 – April 16, 1864) was an anti-slavery abolitionist who worked directly with escaped and former slaves in southwestern Ontario.  He attempted to improve their living conditions and help them to be integrated into society by providing education and practical working skills.  He established ten schools to educate free blacks in southwestern Ontario. Wilson worked extensively with Josiah Henson to establish the British-American Institute and the Dawn Settlement in 1841. He was a delegate to the World Anti-Slavery Convention of 1843 in London, England. He resigned from the British-American Institute and moved to St. Catharines, Ontario, where his home was a final terminal for the Underground Railroad.

Dawn-Euphemia
Dawn-Euphemia is a township in southwestern Ontario, Canada, in Lambton County. Residents primarily are employed by the agricultural industry, or by local industries such as Union Gas distribution centre, along with various smaller agricultural manufacturers or service providers. The township municipal office is located in Rutherford.

Major transportation routes include Cairo Road and Oil Heritage Road directed north–south, and Bentpath Line and Lambton Line running east–west. One elementary school serves the area, Dawn-Euphemia School. Students attend secondary school in nearby Petrolia and Dresden, both of which serve as local service centres for residents.
Hodlnaut
Hodlnaut is a Singapore-based cryptocurrency lending and borrowing platform that lost 69% of the cryptocurrencies that users deposited onto the platform.

Co-founded by Juntao Zhu and Simon Lee in 2019, it is advertised as a platform that allows users to earn interest on cryptocurrencies that they deposit through those funds being safely lent out to carefully selected institutions. On 8 August 2022, it disabled the ability of users to withdraw their cryptocurrencies from the platform citing market conditions, however it later became known that Hodlnaut had actually been holding virtually all of its users' deposited funds in the TerraUSD stablecoin which had collapsed in May leading to the massive loss of users funds. The collapse of TerraUSD has similarly led to the bankruptcy of hedgefund Three Arrows Capital and lender Celsius Network.

Terra (blockchain)
Terra is a blockchain protocol and payment platform used for algorithmic stablecoins. The project was created in 2018 by Terraform Labs, a startup co-founded by Do Kwon and Daniel Shin. It is best known for its Terra algorithmic stablecoin and the associated LUNA reserve asset cryptocurrency.

In May 2022, the Terra blockchain was temporarily halted after the collapse of the algorithmic stablecoin TerraUSD (UST) and the cryptocurrency LUNA, an event that wiped out almost $45 billion in market capitalization within a week. On January 21, 2024, the company filed for bankruptcy.
Armenak Petrosyan
Armenak Petrosyan (Armenian: Արմենակ Պետրոսյան, born on 13 November 1973 in Yerevan, Soviet Union) is a retired Armenian football goalkeeper. He is a former goalkeeper and captain of the Iranian Premier League side Sepahan Esfahan. He was also a former goalkeeper of the Armenia national team.

Sepahan S.C.
Foolad Mobarakeh Sepahan Sport Club (Persian: باشگاه فولاد مبارکه سپاهان, Bâšgâh-e Farhangi-Varzeši-ye Fulâd-e Mobârake-ye Sepâhân), commonly known as Sepahan, is an Iranian sports club based in Isfahan. It is best known for their football section that play in the Persian Gulf Pro League, the highest tier of Iranian football league system.

In the 2002–03 season, Sepahan ended the total dominance of two Tehran-based clubs, Persepolis and Esteghlal, to win the Pro League. They are also the first Iranian club to win three consecutive league titles, reach the AFC Champions League final in 2007 and qualify for the 2007 FIFA Club World Cup, becoming the first-ever Iranian representative to the tournament. To date, they have won five league titles and five Hazfi Cups, becoming one of the most successful football clubs in Iran.
Rispescia
Rispescia (Italian: [riˈspeʃʃa]), or Santa Maria di Rispescia, is a village (frazione) in southern Tuscany, Italy, administratively part of the municipality of Grosseto. It is located approximately 10 km south-east of Grosseto, near the entrance to the Maremma Regional Park and close to the hamlet of Alberese. The town developed primarily during the 20th century following the large-scale reclamation of the Maremma plain and the subsequent land reform.

On the eastern outskirts of the residential area is the Legambiente Environmental Education Centre, which hosts the Festambiente environmental festival annually in August.

Alberese
Alberese (Italian: [albeˈreːze]) is an Italian rural town in southern Tuscany, a frazione of the comune of Grosseto. It is situated 20 km south-east of the capital, in the heart of the Maremma Regional Park. This area includes the surrounding rural territories which begin with the first foot-hills of the hinterland and end with the sea, crossing the northern peaks of the Uccellina Mountains.
Alliance United FC
Alliance United Futbol Club was a Canadian semi-professional soccer club based in Markham and Scarborough, Ontario. It fielded teams in both the men's and women's divisions of League1 Ontario.

The club was founded in 2017 to compete in League1 Ontario, originally as a partnership between two youth clubs - Markham FC and Wexford SC. It then became a partnership between Markham FC and Toronto High Park FC.

Ontario Premier League (women)
The Ontario Premier League (formerly League1 Ontario) is a semi-professional women's soccer league in Ontario, Canada. The league is sanctioned by the Canadian Soccer Association and the Ontario Soccer Association as a pro-am league in the Canadian soccer league system. The Ontario Premier League is part of Premier Soccer Leagues Canada, the national third tier with regional divisions, with equivalents in Alberta, British Columbia, the Prairies, and Quebec.

The women's division launched in 2015 with seven clubs and has grown to twenty clubs for the 2022 season. Beginning in 2024, the league became a three-tier league featuring promotion and relegation.
AN/PEQ-5
The AN/PEQ-5, also known as the 'Carbine Visible Laser (CVL)', is a laser sight manufactured by Insight Technology.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/PEQ-5" designation represents the 5th design of an Army-Navy electronic device for portable laser combination equipment. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.

Joint Electronics Type Designation System
The Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), which was previously known as the Joint Army-Navy Nomenclature System (AN System. JAN) and the Joint Communications-Electronics Nomenclature System, is a method developed by the U.S. War Department during World War II for assigning an unclassified designator to electronic equipment. In 1957, the JETDS was formalized in MIL-STD-196.

Computer software and commercial unmodified electronics for which the manufacturer maintains design control are not covered.
NOYZ
NOYZ was an American television network owned and operated by Seattle-based Blue Frog Media. Blue Frog also established BULLA, a Hispanic music channel similar to NOYZ. BULLA was discontinued in December 2007 due to budget and staffing cuts.

MTV Tres
MTV Tres, stylized as Tr3́s, is an American pay television network owned by Paramount Media Networks, a subsidiary of Paramount Skydance Corporation. The channel is targeted toward bilingual Latinos and non-Latino Americans aged 12 to 34, and its programming formerly included lifestyle series, customized music video playlists, news documentaries that celebrate Latino culture, music and artists and English-subtitled programming in Spanish, imported from MTV Spain and MTV Latin America, as well as Spanish-subtitled programming from MTV. The network's logo is rendered as tr3s, with an acute accent over the number 3 (which in the actual audible name is a reversed capital É). Tres broadcasts on an Eastern Time schedule with one national feed for all providers. As of August 2013, MTV Tres was available to approximately 36 million pay television households (totaling 32% of households with television) in the United States.
Room Camp
Room Camp (Japanese: へやキャン△, Hepburn: Heyakyan), also known as Heya Camp, is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Afro as a spin-off of Laid-Back Camp. It has been serialized by Houbunsha on Kirara Base since April 9, 2016, and on their manga service Comic Fuz since March 12, 2019. The manga was later adapted into an anime series written by Mutsumi Ito and directed by Masato Jinbo, which was aired in Japan from January 6 to March 23, 2020. Selected chapters of the manga were later adapted into live action, which was shown at the end of every episode of the second season of the live-action version of Laid-Back Camp.

Live action
Live action is a form of cinematography or videography that uses photography instead of animation. Some works combine live action with animation to create a live-action animated feature film. Live action is used to define film, video games or similar visual media.

Photorealistic animation, particularly modern computer animation, is sometimes erroneously described as "live action", as in the case of some media reports about Disney's The Lion King (2019 remake). According to the Cambridge English Dictionary, live action involves "real people or animals, not models, or images that are drawn, or produced by computer".
San Pasqual Valley AVA
San Pasqual Valley is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in northern San Diego County, California within the thin San Pasqual Valley landform of the Peninsular Ranges which runs inland from the city of Escondido north of the city of San Diego. The 9,000-acre (14 sq mi) region was established as the nation's fifth, the state's third and the county's initial appellation on August 17, 1981 by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by Charles W. Froehlich, Jr. of San Pasqual Vineyards proposing a viticultural area in San Diego County named "San Pasqual Valley."

Escondido, California
Escondido (Spanish for "hidden") is a city in San Diego County, California, United States.  Located in the North County region, it was incorporated in 1888, and is one of the oldest cities in San Diego County. It has a population of 151,038 as of the 2020 census.
Candy making
Candy making is the preparation and cookery of candies and sugar confections. Outside of the US the term generally used is Sugar confectionery. Candy making includes the preparation of many various candies, such as hard candies, jelly beans, gumdrops, taffy, liquorice, cotton candy, chocolates and chocolate truffles, dragées, fudge, caramel candy, and toffee.

Candy is made by dissolving sugar in water or milk to form a syrup, which is boiled until it reaches the desired concentration or starts to caramelize. The type of candy depends on the ingredients and how long the mixture is boiled. Candy comes in a wide variety of textures, from soft and chewy to hard and brittle. A confectioner  is a person who makes candy or chocolate. A chocolatier is a person who prepares confectionery from chocolate, and is distinct from a chocolate maker, who creates chocolate from cacao beans and other ingredients. Cotton candy is a form of spun sugar often prepared using a cotton candy machine.

Syrup
In cooking, syrup (less commonly sirup; from Latin: sirupus, from earlier Arabic: شراب; sharāb, beverage, wine) is a thick, viscous, liquid condiment consisting primarily of a solution of sugar in water. It typically contains a large amount of dissolved sugars but shows little tendency to deposit crystals. In its concentrated form, its consistency is similar to that of molasses. The viscosity arises from the multiple hydrogen bonds between the dissolved sugar, which has many hydroxyl (OH) groups.
Tegs SK Hockey
The ice hockey section of Umeå-based Swedish sports club Tegs SK currently (as of the 2013–14 season) plays in Division 1, the third tier of ice hockey in Sweden.  The club had its greatest success in 1967 when it managed promotion to the previous Division 1 which was at the time the top-tier hockey league in Sweden.  Their time in the top flight was short-lived however, as they were relegated again after the 1967–68 season.  More recently, the club played two seasons (2003–2005) in Sweden's second-tier Allsvenskan before being relegated back down to Division 1 in its current format as Sweden's third-tier league.

Tegs SK plays their home matches in T3 Center, a venue they share with HockeyAllsvenskan's IF Björklöven.

HockeyAllsvenskan
HockeyAllsvenskan (previously Allsvenskan and SuperAllsvenskan) is a professional ice hockey league, and the second-highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, after the SHL. Since the 2009–10 season, the league has consisted of fourteen teams.
Assassins Pride
Assassin’s Pride (アサシンズプライド, Asasinzu Puraido) is a Japanese fantasy light novel series written by Kei Amagi and illustrated by Nino Ninomoto. Fujimi Shobo have published the series since January 20, 2016 under their Fujimi Fantasia Bunko imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Yoshie Katō was serialized in Shueisha's seinen manga magazine Ultra Jump from May 2017 to August 2022. An anime television series adaptation by EMT Squared aired from October to December 2019.

Fujimi Fantasia Bunko
Fujimi Fantasia Bunko (富士見ファンタジア文庫, Fujimi Fantajia Bunko) is a light novel publishing imprint affiliated with the Japanese publishing company Fujimi Shobo, a brand company of Kadokawa Corporation. It was established in 1988 and is aimed at young adult male audience. Many light novels published under this imprint are serialized in Fujimi Shobo's Dragon Magazine.
Beyza Kocatürk
Beyza Kocatürk (born 9 December 1996) is a Turkish women's football defender currently playing in the Women's Super League for Yüksekova with jersey number 3. She played for the national girls' U-17 and the women's U-19 teams, before she became a member of the Turkey women's team.

Turkish Women's Football Super League
The Turkcell Women's Football Super League (Turkish: Turkcell Kadın Futbol Süper Ligi), is the top level women's football league of Turkey. In the 2024–25 season, 14 teams play a double round robin to decide a champion club, which qualifies for a spot in the UEFA Women's Champions League.

Formerly known as the First Women's Football League, the league was renamed to Turkcell Women's Super League (Turkish: Turkcell Kadın Süper Ligi) starting from the 2021–22 season, after a sponsorship agreement with the Turkish mobile phone operator Turkcell signed by the Turkish Football Federation on 8 March 2021, the International Women's Day.
2024 American League Wild Card Series
The 2024 American League Wild Card Series (branded as the Wild Card Series presented by T-Mobile 5G Home Internet for sponsorship reasons) were the two best-of-three playoff series in Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2024 postseason that determined the participating teams of the 2024 American League Division Series (ALDS). Matching with the NL Wild Card, both matchups began on October 1, with Game 2s on October 2. ESPN broadcast both Wild Card Series in the United States together with ESPN Radio.

These matchups were:

(3) Houston Astros (AL West champions) vs. (6) Detroit Tigers (third wild card): Tigers win series, 2–0.

(4) Baltimore Orioles (first wild card) vs. (5) Kansas City Royals (second wild card): Royals win series, 2–0.

American League West
The American League West is one of Major League Baseball's six divisions. The division has five teams as of the 2013 season, but had four teams from 1994 to 2012, and had as many as seven teams before the 1994 realignment. Although its teams currently only reside along the West Coast and in Texas, historically the division has had teams as far east as Chicago and Minnesota. From 1998 (when the NL West expanded to five teams) to 2012, the AL West was the only MLB division with four teams.
Paulo Macedo (basketball)
Paulo Jorge Morais Rebelo de Macedo (born 28 May 1968) is an Angolan former professional basketball player and a current coach. Macedo, who is 190 cm (6 ft 3 in) in height, has been a prominent point guard both at the service of the Angola national basketball team and with Primeiro de Agosto. For Angola, he played at the 1986, 1990 and 1994 world championships as well as at the 1992 Summer Olympics. Moreover, he won the FIBA Africa championships in 1989, 1992, 1993 and in 2013 as a coach.

On 30 May 2012 he was appointed head coach of the Angola national basketball team for the 2013 AfroBasket.

In January 2016, he was appointed head coach of Clube Desportivo da Marinha de Guerra.

As of June 2017, he has been the head coach of Clube Desportivo Primeiro de Agosto.

C.D. Primeiro de Agosto (men's basketball)
Clube Desportivo Primeiro de Agosto is an Angolan men's basketball team based in Luanda. The team is part of the multi-sports club with the same name. The club is attached to the Angolan Armed Forces which is its main sponsor. The team competes at the local level at the Luanda Provincial Basketball Championship and at the BIC Basket. In the past, it has played in the Africa Basketball League competitions.

Primeiro de Agosto is the most decorated team in Africa and holds the record for titles won in the African Basketball Club Champions League, with nine championships, their last one being in 2019.
2006 World Grand Prix (darts)
The 2006 Sky Bet World Grand Prix was the ninth staging of the World Grand Prix darts tournament, organised by the Professional Darts Corporation. It was held at the Citywest Hotel, Dublin, Ireland, between 23–29 October 2006.

The top 24 players in the PDC world rankings were joined by four players from a field of 348 at the All Ireland Qualifiers and four players from a field of 127 at the PDPA Qualifiers. Phil Taylor won the event – his seventh Grand Prix title.

Darts world rankings
The Darts World Rankings are systems designed to determine a list of the best darts players in the world based on their performances in past tournaments.

In 1993, a group of former world champions and other high-profile players separated from the British Darts Organisation, meaning there were several major governing bodies in the sport. Each organization has its own players, and each has its own ranking system.

After the British Darts Organisation folded in 2020, the two main rankings are now maintained by the World Darts Federation and the Professional Darts Corporation.

The ranking systems are used to arrange tournament seedings, which are so arranged, that the number one player in the world will not face the number two player until the final of a tournament, providing they both reach that final.