hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kennymore
Kennymore (February 1911 – 1916) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was a highly talented horse whose career was adversely affected by his difficult temperament. He did not appear until the autumn of his two-year-old season but made an immediate impact as he finished third in the Middle Park Stakes and then won the Dewhurst Stakes. In the following spring he won the Craven Stakes and the 2000 Guineas but lost his chance in the Epsom Derby when he became highly agitated before the start. He went on to finish third in the Eclipse Stakes and second in the St Leger before winning the Newmarket St Leger on his final appearance. He died at the age of five in 1916 after a single season at stud.

St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.
Steelmaking
Steelmaking is the process of producing steel from iron ore and/or scrap. Steel has been made for millennia, and was commercialized on a massive scale in the 1850s and 1860s, using the Bessemer and Siemens-Martin processes.

Currently, two major commercial processes are used. Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) uses liquid pig-iron from a blast furnace and scrap steel as the main feed materials. Electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking uses scrap steel or direct reduced iron (DRI). Oxygen steelmaking has become more popular over time.

Steelmaking is one of the most carbon emission-intensive industries. In 2020, the steelmaking industry was reported to be responsible for 7% of energy sector greenhouse gas emissions. The industry is seeking significant emission reductions.

Finery forge
A finery forge is a forge used to produce wrought iron from pig iron by decarburization in a process called "fining" which involved liquifying cast iron in a fining hearth and removing carbon from the molten cast iron through oxidation. Finery forges were used as early as the 3rd century BC in China. The finery forge process was replaced by the puddling process and the roller mill, both developed by Henry Cort in 1783–4, but not becoming widespread until after 1800.
Atg1
AuTophaGy related 1 (Atg1) is a 101.7kDa serine/threonine kinase in S.cerevisiae, encoded by the gene ATG1.
It is essential for the initial building of the autophagosome and Cvt vesicles.
In a non-kinase role it is - through complex formation with Atg13 and Atg17 - directly controlled by the TOR kinase, a sensor for nutrient availability.

MTOR
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), also known as mammalian target of rapamycin is a serine-threonine protein kinase that regulates cell growth, cell proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, protein synthesis, autophagy, and transcription. It belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family and is evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes. It also promotes the activation of insulin receptors and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors.
Marina Ribatski
Marina Evelyn Vello Ribatski (born November 25, 1984), also known as Marina Gasolina, Marina Ribatski and MC Marina Vello, is a Brazilian singer and the former MC/Singer/Songwriter for Brazilian Funk Carioca band Bonde do Rolê. She decided to leave the band in December 2007 due to problems within the band. Her musical influences include Hole. She was formerly a literature student at the Federal University of Paraná.

Funk carioca
Funk carioca (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈfɐ̃k(i) kɐɾiˈɔkɐ, - kaɾ-]), also known as baile funk, Brazilian funk, or simply funk, is a Brazilian hip hop-influenced music genre from Rio de Janeiro, taking influences from musical styles such as Miami bass and freestyle.

In Brazil, "baile funk" refers not to the music, but to the actual parties or discotheques in which the music is played (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbajli], from baile, meaning "ball"). Although it originated in Rio (carioca is a Rio demonym), "funk carioca" has become increasingly popular among working classes in other parts of Brazil. In the whole country, funk carioca is most often simply known as "funk", although it is very musically different from the American genre of funk music. In fact, it still shows its urban Afrobeat influences.
Surround Yourself with Cilla
Surround Yourself with Cilla is Cilla Black's fourth solo studio album, released on 23 May 1969 by Parlophone Records. It was Cilla's first album to fail to make the UK charts.

The album title was inspired by the lead single "Surround Yourself with Sorrow" which had previously reached No. 3 on the UK Singles Chart. An Italian language version of this song "Quando Si Spezza Un Grande Amore", with Italian lyrics by Mogol, was also recorded for the Latin market, while a Swedish language version "Försök och sov på saken" was recorded by Anni-Frid Lyngstad prior to her international success with the group ABBA.

Mogol (lyricist)
Giulio Rapetti (born 17 August 1936), best known as Mogol (Italian pronunciation: [moˈɡɔl]), is an Italian music lyricist. He is best known for his collaborations with Lucio Battisti, Gianni Bella, Marcella Bella, Adriano Celentano and Mango.
Rodolfo Pizarro
Rodolfo Gilbert Pizarro Thomas (born 15 February 1994) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Liga MX club Juárez.

Pizarro made his professional debut with Pachuca, where he spent four years before transferring to Guadalajara. Although his time at the club was brief, he achieved notable success. Just eighteen months later, he joined Monterrey in a move that set a new record as the most expensive signing in the league’s history. Pizarro later continued his career with Inter Miami, AEK Athens and Mazatlán.

He has participated for the U-21, the U-23, and the senior levels of Mexico's national team. He has represented Mexico at the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2017, 2019, and 2021 CONCACAF Gold Cups.

2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup
The 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the 14th edition of the CONCACAF Gold Cup, the biennial international men's soccer championship of the North, Central American and Caribbean region organized by CONCACAF, and 24th CONCACAF regional championship overall. The tournament was played between July 7–26, 2017 in the United States.

The United States won their sixth title with their 2–1 victory over Jamaica in the final.
Guiseley railway station
Guiseley railway station serves Guiseley in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough, West Yorkshire, England.  On the Wharfedale Line between Ilkley and Leeds/Bradford Forster Square, it is served mostly by Class 333 electric trains run by Northern Trains, which also manages the station.

British Rail Class 333
The British Rail Class 333 is a class of electric multiple unit (EMU) passenger train built by CAF between 2000 and 2003 for Northern Spirit (later Arriva Trains Northern), with traction equipment supplied by Siemens Transportation Systems. All have passed to subsequent franchises and subsequent operators Northern Rail, Arriva Rail North and Northern Trains.
Stan (administrative unit)
Stan (Russian: стан; plural: ста́ны) was a historical administrative unit in Russia, except for Veliky Novgorod. Stans existed until the 18th century, but in some regions of Russia this name was applied to districts up until the early 20th century.

Uezd
An uezd (also spelled uyezd or uiezd; Russian: уе́зд (pre-1918: уѣздъ), IPA: [ʊˈjest]), or povit in a Ukrainian context (Ukrainian: повіт), was a type of administrative subdivision of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, the Russian SFSR, and the early Soviet Union, which was in use from the 13th century. For most of Russian history, uezds were a second-level administrative division. By sense, but not by etymology, uezd approximately corresponds to the English "county".
Phoebe Legere
Phoebe Hemenway Legere is an American pioneer of multi-disciplinary art.
She is a Juilliard-educated composer, soprano, pianist and accordionist, painter, poet, and film maker.  A graduate of Vassar College with a four octave vocal range, Legere has recorded for Mercury Records in England, and for Epic, Island, Rizzoli, Funtone, ESP Disk and Einstein Records in the United States. Legere plays seven musical instruments and has released 15 CDs of original music.  She has appeared on National Public Radio, CBS Sunday Morning, PBS's City Arts, WNYC's Soundcheck, Charlie Rose and in films by Troma, Island Pictures, Rosa von Praunheim, Ela Troyano and Ivan Galietti, Abel Ferrara, Jonathan Demme, Ivan Reitman and many others. Legere is of Acadian and Abenaki descent. She is a standard bearer of the Acadian and Abenaki renaissance in America.

Roulette Intermedium
Roulette Intermedium is a performing arts and new music venue located in Brooklyn, New York City. Founded in 1978, it has been located in the neighborhoods of Tribeca and SoHo in Manhattan, and now resides in a renovated theater in downtown Brooklyn. Roulette is a nonprofit organization focusing on fostering experimental dance, new music, and performance.
Hope in Front of Me (song)
"Hope in Front of Me" is a song  co-written and recorded by American singer Danny Gokey for his second studio album of the same name (2014). Gokey wrote the song with Brett James and its producer, Bernie Herms. It was released to Christian radio on January 24, 2014 and to digital retailers February 18, 2014 through BMG Rights Management as the record's lead single. "Hope in Front of Me" serves as Gokey's debut release on the BMG label and his first single in almost three years.

Written as a message of hope in dark times, "Hope in Front of Me" features a more soulful sound than Gokey's previous releases and is his first to be marketed in the Christian genre. The song peaked at number four on the Billboard Christian Songs chart and number 27 on Adult Contemporary, marking his first entry on these charts.

Hot Christian Songs
Hot Christian Songs is a music chart published weekly by Billboard magazine in the United States. It ranks the popularity of Christian songs using the same methodology developed for the Billboard Hot 100, the magazine's flagship songs chart, by incorporating data from the sales of downloads, streaming data, and airplay across all monitored radio stations.

From its inception in June 2003 through November 2013, the Hot Christian Songs chart ranked the top songs only by overall audience impressions of songs played on contemporary Christian music radio stations. Beginning with the chart dated December 7, 2013, the chart follows the same methodology used for the Hot 100 to compile its rankings. The Christian Airplay chart was created in unison with the change to continue to monitor airplay of songs on Christian radio.

The current number-one song on the chart as of the issue dated February 28 is "Hard Fought Hallelujah" by Brandon Lake.
Maria Tallchief
Maria Tallchief, born Elizabeth Marie Tall Chief (𐓏𐒰𐓐𐒿𐒷-𐓍𐓂͘𐓄𐒰 "Two-Standards"; Osage family name: Ki He Kah Stah Tsa, Osage script: 𐒼𐒱𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒰-𐓆𐓈𐒷𐓊𐒷; January 24, 1925 – April 11, 2013), was an Osage ballerina. She was America's first major prima ballerina and the first Native American to hold the rank. Together with Georgian-American choreographer George Balanchine, she is widely considered to have revolutionized American ballet.

Ballet dancer
A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers are at a high risk of injury due to the demanding technique of ballet.
Language creation in artificial intelligence
In Artificial Intelligence, researchers teach AI systems to develop their own ways of communicating by having them work together on tasks and use symbols as parts of a new language. These languages might grow out of human languages or be built completely from scratch. When AI is used for translating between languages, it can even create a new shared language to make the process easier. Natural Language Processing (NLP) helps these systems understand and generate human-like language, making it possible for AI to interact and communicate more naturally with people.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Time–manner–place
In linguistic typology, time–manner–place is a sentence structure that defines the order of adpositional phrases and adverbs in a sentence: "yesterday", "by car", "to the store". Japanese, Afrikaans, Dutch, Mandarin, and German use this structure.

An example of this appositional ordering in German is:

The temporal phrase – heute (when? – "today") – comes first, the manner – mit dem Auto (how? – "by car") – is second, and the place – nach München (where? – "to Munich") – is third.

Adverb
An adverb is a word or an expression that generally modifies a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a determiner, a clause, a preposition, or a sentence. Adverbs typically express manner, place, time, frequency, degree, or level of certainty by answering questions such as how, in what way, when, where, to what extent. This is called the adverbial function and may be performed by an individual adverb, by an adverbial phrase, or by an adverbial clause.

Adverbs are traditionally regarded as one of the parts of speech. Modern linguists note that the term adverb has come to be used as a kind of "catch-all" category, used to classify words with various types of syntactic behavior, not necessarily having much in common except that they do not fit into any of the other available categories (noun, adjective, preposition, etc.).
Ain el Madiour
Ain el Madiour  (Arabic عين المديور ) is one of the communes on the outskirts of Taroudannt city in the Souss-Massa region in Morocco. It is located at an altitude of 214 meters (702 feet) above sea level and within 569 kilometers (354 miles) south-west of the Moroccan capital Rabat. It is characterized by abundant citrus groves and other plantations, as well as being a strategic location on the highway that links Taroudannt, the western and southern parts and the region's capital city, Agadir. Ain el Madiour is the administrative headquarters of the Greater Machraa El Ain's commune.

Taroudant
Taroudant (Arabic: تارودانت, romanized: Tarudant, [taːruːdaːnt]) is a city in the Sous in southwestern Morocco. It is situated east of Agadir on the road to Ouarzazate and south of Marrakesh. Today, it is a small market town and a tourist destination.
Monument to Yuri Gagarin
Monument to Yuri Gagarin is a 42.5-meter high pedestal and statue of Yuri Gagarin, the first person to travel in space. It is located at Leninsky Prospekt in Moscow. The pedestal is designed to be reminiscent of a rocket exhaust. The statue is made of titanium, a metal often used in spacecraft, and weighs 12 tons.

Leninsky Avenue, Moscow
Leninsky Avenue (Russian: Ле́нинский проспе́кт "Leninsky prospekt") is a major avenue in Moscow, Russia, that runs in the south-western direction between Kaluzhskaya Square in the central part of the city through Gagarin Square to the Moscow Ring Road. It is a part of the M3 highway which continues from Moscow to Kaluga and Bryansk to the border with Ukraine, and used to provide connections with Kiev and Odessa. It is also a part of the European route E101 connecting Moscow and Kiev.

It is the second-widest street in Moscow after Leningradsky Avenue. Its width varies between 108 and 120 metres.
History of molecular evolution
The history of molecular evolution starts in the early 20th century with "comparative biochemistry", but the field of molecular evolution came into its own in the 1960s and 1970s, following the rise of molecular biology. The advent of protein sequencing allowed molecular biologists to create phylogenies based on sequence comparison, and to use the differences between homologous sequences as a molecular clock to estimate the time since the last common ancestor. In the late 1960s, the neutral theory of molecular evolution provided a theoretical basis for the molecular clock, though both the clock and the neutral theory were controversial, since most evolutionary biologists held strongly to panselectionism, with natural selection as the only important cause of evolutionary change. After the 1970s, nucleic acid sequencing allowed molecular evolution to reach beyond proteins to highly conserved ribosomal RNA sequences, the foundation of a reconceptualization of the early history of life.

Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is a type of non-coding RNA which is the primary component of ribosomes, essential to all cells. rRNA is a ribozyme which carries out protein synthesis in ribosomes. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. rRNA is the physical and mechanical factor of the ribosome that forces transfer RNA (tRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) to process and translate the latter into proteins. Ribosomal RNA is the predominant form of RNA found in most cells; it makes up about 80% of cellular RNA despite never being translated into proteins itself. Ribosomes are composed of approximately 60% rRNA and 40% ribosomal proteins, though this ratio differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Esme Wren
Esme Wren is a British broadcast journalist who has worked for BBC News, Sky News and Channel 4 News. In 2021 she was appointed editor of Channel 4 News. Between 2018 and 2022, Wren was editor of BBC Newsnight, and oversaw Emily Maitlis's interview with the Duke of York in a special episode: Prince Andrew & the Epstein Scandal.

Prince Andrew & the Epstein Scandal
"Prince Andrew & the Epstein Scandal" is an episode of the BBC's news and current affairs programme Newsnight broadcast on BBC Two on 16 November 2019. In the 58-minute programme, then-Prince Andrew, Duke of York (who, following the removal of his titles in 2025 is now known as Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor) was interviewed by Emily Maitlis about his relationship with Jeffrey Epstein, the American financier and convicted sex offender. Andrew's responses in the interview were panned by both the media and the public.

In May 2020, it was announced that Andrew would indefinitely withdraw from his public roles. In October 2025, amid continued controversy surrounding his association with Epstein, Andrew was stripped of his honours, styles, and royal titles, including his peerage title of "Duke of York" and his birth title of prince. In February 2026, he was arrested on suspicions of misconduct in public office in connection with his ties to Epstein.
Mike Rizzo
Michael Anthony Rizzo (born December 14, 1960) is an American professional baseball executive who until 2025 served as the general manager and president of baseball operations of the Washington Nationals of Major League Baseball (MLB).

After a brief playing career in minor league baseball, Rizzo transitioned into coaching and scouting. He became the director of scouting for the Arizona Diamondbacks in 2000. Rizzo joined the Nationals in 2006 as an assistant general manager. He succeeded Jim Bowden as the Nationals' general manager in 2009, and was promoted to team president in 2013. Rizzo and the Nationals won the franchise's first World Series in 2019, defeating the Houston Astros in seven games.

General manager (baseball)
In Major League Baseball, the general manager (GM) of a team typically controls player transactions and bears the primary responsibility on behalf of the ballclub during contract discussions with players.
Kaliyan
Kali (Kaliyan in Tamil) was the sixth fragment of the primordial manifestation of Kroni (evil) according to Akilathirattu, the source of Ayyavazhi mythology and the holy book of Ayyavazhi religion. Unlike other previous manifestations, Kali spread in this yugam (yukam in Tamizh) as maya (illusion). Details of Kali were restated in Ayyavazhi Religion and he is the same Kali mentioned in Kalki Purana.

Yuga
A yuga, in Hinduism, is generally used to indicate an age of time.

In the Rigveda, a yuga refers to generations, a period of time (whether long or short), or a yoke (joining of two things). In the Mahabharata, the words yuga and kalpa (a day of Brahma) are used interchangeably to describe the cycle of creation and destruction.

In post-Vedic texts, the words  "yuga" and "age" commonly denote a catur-yuga (pronounced chatur yuga), a cycle of four world ages—for example, in the Surya Siddhanta and Bhagavad Gita (part of the Mahabharata)—unless expressly limited by the name of one of its minor ages: Krita (Satya) Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, or Kali Yuga.

The term "yuga" can represent the number four. In early Indian astronomy, it referred to a five-year cycle starting with the conjunction of the sun and moon in the autumnal equinox.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD19
In molecular biology, SNORD19 (also known as HBII-108)  is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

SNORD19 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

HBII-108 is the human orthologue of the mouse MBII-108 and is predicted to guide 2'O-ribose methylation of the small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA), 18S, on position G683.
In the human genome snoRNA HBII-108 is located in the introns of the gene nucleostemin (NS), along with another snoRNA HBII-210.

Small nucleolar RNA
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNA molecules in the nucleolus that primarily guide chemical modifications of other RNAs, mainly ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs and small nuclear RNAs. There are two main classes of snoRNA, the C/D box snoRNAs, which are associated with methylation, and the H/ACA box snoRNAs, which are associated with pseudouridylation.
SnoRNAs are commonly referred to as guide RNAs but should not be confused with the guide RNAs that direct RNA editing in trypanosomes or the guide RNAs (gRNAs) used by Cas9 for CRISPR gene editing.
Ohio House (Philadelphia)
The Ohio House, or the Ohio State Building, is an historic, American building that is located in west Fairmount Park, Philadelphia.

It is listed on the Philadelphia Register of Historic Places and is an inventoried structure within the Fairmount Park Historic District entry on the National Register of Historic Places.

Philadelphia Register of Historic Places
The Philadelphia Register of Historic Places (PRHP) is a register of historic places in Philadelphia by the Philadelphia Historical Commission. Buildings, structures, sites, objects, interiors and districts can be added to the list.