hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jim Grahame
James William "Jim" Gordon (23 October 1874 – 12 August 1949), better known by the pen name of  Jim Grahame, was an Australian poet who has been called the last of the Australian bush balladists.

Gordon left school aged 13 and had numerous odd jobs before he began submitting his poems to newspapers about 1900. He published first under the name Balm Oral, then Poor Hawk, and finally Jim Grahame. His poems were collected in 1940 and 1947 in books titled Call of the Bush and Under Wide Skies respectively.

Grahame was a good friend of the poet Henry Lawson. While he did not reach the same heights of fame or recognition as Lawson, Gordon's contributions to Australian literature were recognised at the national level when he was awarded a Commonwealth Literary pension in 1947.

Henry Lawson
Henry Archibald Hertzberg Lawson (17 June 1867 – 2 September 1922) was an Australian writer and bush poet. Along with his contemporary Banjo Paterson, Lawson is among the best-known Australian poets and fiction writers of the colonial period and is often called Australia's "greatest short story writer".

A vocal nationalist and republican, Lawson regularly contributed to The Bulletin, and many of his works helped popularise the Australian vernacular in fiction. He wrote prolifically into the 1890s, after which his output declined, in part due to struggles with alcoholism and mental illness. At times destitute, he spent periods in Darlinghurst Gaol and psychiatric institutions. After he died in 1922 following a cerebral haemorrhage, Lawson became the first Australian writer to be granted a state funeral.

He was the son of the poet, publisher and feminist Louisa Lawson.
Plaça d'Espanya station
Plaça d'Espanya, also simply known as Espanya, is an interchange complex underneath Plaça d'Espanya, in the Barcelona district of Sants-Montjuïc, in Catalonia, Spain. It comprises the Barcelona terminus of the Llobregat–Anoia Line and a Barcelona Metro station complex served by lines 1 (L1) and 3 (L3). On the L1, the station is between Hostafrancs and Rocafort, and on the L3 it is between Poble Sec and Tarragona. The Llobregat–Anoia Line station is served by Barcelona Metro line 8 (L8), Baix Llobregat Metro lines S33, S4 and S8, and commuter rail lines R5, R6, R50 and R60. The services on the Llobregat–Anoia Line (including the L8) are operated by Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC), whilst the L1 and L3 are operated by Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB).

Barcelona Metro line 3
Line 3, coloured green and often simply referred to as Línia verda ("Green line"), is a metro line in Barcelona operated by TMB, and therefore part of the fare-integrated ATM transport network of the urban region. This V-shaped line is the result of the junction of two related lines: the original L3 and L3B, in 1982. The central section of L3 has the city's oldest metro stations, built in the mid-1920s, with additions almost every decade since then. All of L3 stations are underground.

Its current termini are Zona Universitària, which serves the University of Barcelona campus located on the western end of Avinguda Diagonal in Les Corts district, and Trinitat Nova in Nou Barris. There are plans for it to be extended from Trinitat Nova to Trinitat Vella, providing a connection with Line 1, and also from Zona Universitària to nearby suburbs in the Baix Llobregat area.
Cation–π interaction
Cation–π interaction is a noncovalent molecular interaction between the face of an electron-rich π system (e.g. benzene, ethylene, acetylene) and an adjacent cation (e.g. Li+, Na+). This interaction is an example of noncovalent bonding between a monopole (cation) and a quadrupole (π system).  Bonding energies are significant, with solution-phase values falling within the same order of magnitude as hydrogen bonds and salt bridges. Similar to these other non-covalent bonds, cation–π interactions play an important role in nature, particularly in protein structure,  molecular recognition and enzyme catalysis. The effect has also been observed and put to use in synthetic systems.

Salt bridge (protein)
In chemistry, a salt bridge is a combination of two non-covalent interactions: hydrogen bonding and ionic bonding. Ion pairing is one of the most important noncovalent forces in chemistry, in biological systems, in different materials and in many applications such as ion pair chromatography. It is a most commonly observed contribution to the stability to the entropically unfavorable folded conformation of proteins.  Although non-covalent interactions are known to be relatively weak interactions, small stabilizing interactions can add up to make an important contribution to the overall stability of a conformer.  Not only are salt bridges found in proteins, but they can also be found in supramolecular chemistry.  The thermodynamics of each are explored through experimental procedures to access the free energy contribution of the salt bridge to the overall free energy of the state.
George Strickland (politician)
George Joseph Strickland AM (3 October 1942 – 23 June 2019) was an Australian politician.

He was a schoolteacher before entering politics. In 1989, he was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for Scarborough; he moved to Innaloo in 1996. After the Liberal win in the 1993 election he was appointed Chairman of Committees and Deputy Speaker, rising to the Speakership in 1997. He retired from politics in 2001.

Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly
The Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly is the presiding officer in the Legislative Assembly. The office has existed since the creation of the Legislative Assembly in 1890 under the Constitution Act 1889. The 32nd and current Speaker is Labor MLA Stephen Price, who has held the role since the 2025 state election.
East Lancs Vyking
The East Lancs Vyking is a double-decker bus body built on the Volvo B7L and Volvo B7TL chassis by East Lancashire Coachbuilders. It is the double-deck version of the Spryte, continuing the long line of 'misspelt' names which continued until the Scania OmniDekka; the name "Vyking" derived from the chassis being built by a company from Sweden.

Volvo B7L
The Volvo B7L is a fully low floor single-decker bus, double-decker bus and articulated bus chassis with a rear engine mounted vertically on the left of the rear overhang. It was built as a replacement for the Volvo B10L, and the Volvo Olympian, used as both a single-decker bus and a double-decker bus chassis largely in Continental Europe. The Volvo B7L was superseded by the Volvo B9L in 2006.
Meta-object System
Meta Object System is a part of Qt framework core provided to support Qt extensions to C++ like signals/slots for inter-object communication, run-time type information, and the dynamic property system.

Qt (software)
Qt (/ˈkjuːt/ pronounced "cute") is a cross-platform application development framework for creating graphical user interfaces as well as cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed.

Qt is currently being developed by The Qt Company, a publicly listed company, and the Qt Project under open-source governance, involving individual developers and organizations working to advance Qt. Qt is available under both commercial licenses and open-source GPL 2.0, GPL 3.0, and LGPL 3.0 licenses.
Paweł Adamowicz Square
The Paweł Adamowicz Square (Polish: [ˈpa.vɛw a.daˈmɔ.vit͡ʂ]; Polish: Plac Pawła Adamowicza}} is an urban square in Szczecin, Poland, in the neighbourhood of Centrum, within the Downtown district, between Pope John Paul II Avenue, Independence Avenue, and Aviators Square. It was opened in 2019.

Pope John Paul II Avenue, Szczecin
Pope John Paul II Avenue (Polish: Aleja Papieża Jana Pawła II), also commonly referred to as the Fountain Avenue (Polish: Aleja Fontann) is an avenue located in the areas of the Centrum and Śródmieście-Północ neighborhoods in the Śródmieście district of Szczecin. The avenue is 1.18 km long and runs from the southeast to the northwest, connecting Polish Soldier Square with Wacław Felczak Street. It is a representative downtown avenue with tenement houses listed in the Registry of Cultural Property and the municipal records of monuments. Throughout its entire length, it is part of the Golden Route – a tourist trail connecting the Ducal Castle with the Valley of the Seven Mills.
Dunwich Records
Dunwich Records was an independent American record label started by Bill Traut, Eddie Higgins and George Badonsky in Chicago in 1965. Dunwich was also a production company which licensed recordings to other labels, including Atlantic, Atco, Columbia, Mercury and SGC. The label was primarily known for the release of singles from the emerging Chicago rock scene in the 1960s. Only two artists, the Shadows of Knight and Amanda Ambrose, released albums on the label.

Atco Records
ATCO Records is an American record label founded in 1955. It is owned by Warner Music Group and operates as an imprint of Atlantic Records. After several decades of dormancy and infrequent activity under alternating Warner Music labels, the company was relaunched by Atlantic Records in early 2020.
Sydney Lucas
Sydney Ellen Lucas (born July 11, 2003) is an American actress with credits in musical theatre, film and television. She is best known for her portrayal of Small Alison Bechdel in both the original Off-Broadway and Broadway productions of Lisa Kron and Jeanine Tesori's musical Fun Home; she won an Obie Award and Theater World Award and received nominations for a Drama Desk Award and a Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for her performance. She most recently starred in the main cast of AMC's western drama television series The Son as Jeannie McCullough.

Theatre World Award
The Theatre World Award is an American honor presented annually to actors and actresses in recognition of an outstanding New York City stage debut performance, either on Broadway or off-Broadway. It was first awarded for the 1945–1946 theatre season.
Max Wagner
Max Wagner (November 28, 1901 – November 16, 1975) was a Mexican-born American film actor who specialized in playing small parts such as thugs, gangsters, sailors, henchmen, bodyguards, cab drivers and moving men, appearing more than 400 films in his career, most without receiving screen credit. In 1927, he was a leading witness in the well-publicized manslaughter trials of actor Paul Kelly and actress/screenwriter Dorothy Mackaye.

Paul Kelly (actor)
Paul Michael Kelly (August 9, 1899 – November 6, 1956) was an American actor. His career survived a manslaughter conviction, tied to an affair he was having with the victim's wife, that caused him to spend time in prison in the late 1920s. In the course of his career, and relatively short life, it has been estimated that Kelly worked on stage, screen, and television in over four hundred roles.
Ronald Muldrow
Ronald Muldrow (February 2, 1949, in Chicago – January 31, 2007, in Los Angeles) was an American soul jazz and hard bop jazz guitarist.

As an emerging jazz guitarist in the early 1970s, Muldrow connected with soul-jazz saxophonist Eddie Harris and contributed to many of his Atlantic albums from 1971 to 1976 and reunited with the saxophonist on Listen Here (1982).

A teenage Muldrow heard jazz guitarist Wes Montgomery play "Canadian Sunset" on the radio and was captivated.  His first big-time gig was with the Staple Singers, a gospel group. 
He also taught at various colleges and had published guitar-instruction books. Muldrow  began forming bands in high school and earned a bachelor's in jazz studies from Roosevelt University in Illinois and a master's in studio and jazz guitar from the  USC Thornton School of Music.

Musician Georgia Anne Muldrow is his daughter.

Eddie Harris
Eddie Harris (October 20, 1934 – November 5, 1996) was an American jazz musician, best known for playing tenor saxophone and for introducing the electrically amplified saxophone. He was also fluent on the electric piano and organ. His best-known compositions are "Freedom Jazz Dance", popularized by Miles Davis in 1966, and "Listen Here".
West Piney Creek
West Piney Creek also known as the Little Piney River is a stream in Texas County in the Ozarks of south central Missouri. It is a tributary to the Big Piney River.

The stream headwaters arise at 37°11′12″N 92°10′22″W﻿ / ﻿37.18667°N 92.17278°W﻿ / 37.18667; -92.17278 at an elevation of 1460 feet approximately four miles northwest of Cabool. The stream flows generally to the northeast past the communities of Bado and Clara to its confluence with the Big Piney River two miles west of Houston at 37°19′38″N 92°00′22″W﻿ / ﻿37.32722°N 92.00611°W﻿ / 37.32722; -92.00611 and an elevation of 997 feet. The confluence is within the Piney River Narrows State Natural Area.

The stream was named "West Piney" due to the fact that it enters the west side of the Big Piney.

Big Piney River
The Big Piney River is a 110-mile-long (180 km) tributary of the Gasconade River in Pulaski and Texas counties in Missouri, United States.  Via the Gasconade and Missouri rivers, it is part of the Mississippi River basin.
Mystery of a Blood Red Rose
"Mystery of a Blood Red Rose" is a single and opening track to the German power metal project Avantasia's album Ghostlights, released on 11 December 2015 with a lyric video. It was one of the ten candidates to represent Germany at the Eurovision Song Contest 2016. The song was between the final three finalists, but eventually was defeated by "Ghost", performed by Jamie-Lee Kriewitz.

Ghost (Jamie-Lee Kriewitz song)
"Ghost" is a song performed by German singer Jamie-Lee Kriewitz. The song represented Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden, and was written by Thomas Burchia (better known as DJ Thomilla), Anna Leyne, and Conrad Hensel. The song was released as a digital download on 12 December 2015 through Polydor and Island Records. It was also performed as Kriewitz's winner's single during season five of The Voice of Germany.
Cooperative video game
A cooperative video game, often abbreviated as co-op video game, is a video game that allows players to work together as teammates, usually against one or more non-player character opponents (PvE). Co-op games can be played locally using one or multiple input controllers or over a network via local area networks, wide area networks, or the Internet.

Co-op gameplay has gained popularity as controller and networking technology has developed. On PCs, consoles and mobile devices, cooperative games have become increasingly common, and many genres of games—including shooter games, sports games, real-time strategy games, and massively multiplayer online games—include co-op modes.

In 2025, cooperative games (specifically non-MMO games such as Lethal Company, R.E.P.O. and PEAK) gained the derogatory slang term Friendslop, coined alongside the complementary term "Friendfarming".

Massively multiplayer online game
A massively multiplayer online (MMO) game, sometimes referred to as an MMOG, is an online video game with a large number of players to interact in the same online game world. MMOs usually feature a huge, persistent open world, although there are games that differ. These games can be found for most network-capable platforms, including the personal computer, video game console, or smartphones and other mobile devices.

MMOs can enable players to cooperate and compete with each other on a large scale, and sometimes to interact meaningfully with people around the world. They include a variety of gameplay types, representing many video game genres.
Dmalloc
Dmalloc is a C memory debugger library written by Gray Watson to assist programmers in finding a variety of dynamic memory allocation mistakes. It replaces parts (such as malloc) of the C standard library provided by the operating system or compiler with its own versions, which produce information intended to help the programmer detect problematic code.

Dmalloc can find memory leaks, off-by-one errors, and usage of invalid addresses in some library functions calls.

Memory debugger
A memory debugger is a debugger for finding software memory problems such as memory leaks and buffer overflows. These are due to bugs related to the allocation and deallocation of dynamic memory. Programs written in languages that have garbage collection, such as managed code, might also need memory debuggers, e.g. for memory leaks due to "living" references in collections.
Chadakoin River
The Chadakoin River is a 7.8-mile-long (12.6 km) stream that is a tributary of the Conewango Creek.  The Chadakoin lies entirely in Chautauqua County in Western New York in the United States.

The stream drains an area of 192 square miles (500 km2), covering much of Chautauqua County. The creek begins at the southern end of Chautauqua Lake. Its watershed is bounded to the north by the Chautauqua Ridge, a continental divide that results in the water flowing eventually to the Gulf of Mexico rather than the nearby Great Lakes.

Chautauqua County, New York
Chautauqua County is the westernmost county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 127,657. Its county seat is Mayville, and its largest city is Jamestown. Its name is believed to be the lone surviving remnant of the Erie language, a tongue lost in the 17th century Beaver Wars; its meaning is unknown and a subject of speculation. The county was created in 1808 and organized in 1811. The county is part of the Western New York region of the state.

Chautauqua County comprises the Jamestown–Dunkirk–Fredonia, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is located south east of Lake Erie and includes a small portion of the Cattaraugus Reservation of the Seneca.
Lithops francisci
Lithops francisci, commonly known as one of the living stones or pebble plants, is in the family Aizoaceae. It is endemic to the arid desert environments of Namibia.  It is a succulent with a natural habitat in rocky areas. L. francisci was assessed by Nicholas Edward Brown in 1925. It is one of the Lithops plants and shares the characteristic bi-leaf head pattern separated by a deep fissure, the bottom of which houses and protects the stunted stem.

Lithops
Lithops is a genus of succulent plants in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. Members of the genus are native to southern Africa. They avoid being eaten by herbivores with their camouflage as small stones, and are often known as pebble plants or living stones.

"Lithops" is both the genus name and the common name, and is singular as well as plural. The name is derived from the Ancient Greek words λίθος (líthos) 'stone' and ὄψ (óps) 'face', referring to the stone-like appearance of the plants.
Volhynian District (1920–1921)
Volhynian District was a district of Second Polish Republic from 1920 to 1921. Its capital was Lutsk. It was formed on 20 December 1920 from Volhynian District of the freshly disestablished Provisional Administration of Front-line and Phase Territories. On 19 February 1921 it was reformed into Volhynian Voivodeship.

Wołyń Voivodeship (1921–1939)
Wołyń Voivodeship or Wołyń Province was an administrative region of interwar Poland (1918–1939) with an area of 35,754 km2, 22 cities, and provincial capital in Łuck.

The province was divided into 11 counties (powiaty). The area comprised part of the historical region of Volhynia.

At the end of World War II, at the insistence of Joseph Stalin and the Soviet Union during the 1943 Tehran Conference, Poland's borders were redrawn by the Allies. The province's Polish population was forcibly resettled westward; and the province's territory was incorporated into the Soviet Union's Ukrainian SSR.

Since 1991 it has been divided between sovereign Ukraine's Rivne and Volyn Oblasts.
Sutter Home Winery
Sutter Home Winery is one of the largest family-run independent wineries in the United States, and is the estate known for the creation of White Zinfandel. It is located in St. Helena, California and owned by Trinchero Family Estates.

St. Helena, California
St. Helena (/həˈliːnə/ hə-LEE-nə) is a city in Napa County, California, United States. Located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the population was 5,430 at the 2020 census.

St. Helena is a popular tourist destination, owing to its vineyards and culinary scene. The city is the center of St. Helena American Viticultural Area (AVA), which expands 9,060 acres (14 sq mi) of the Napa Valley with over 400 vineyards encompassing 6,800 acres (2,800 ha) of cultivation. St. Helena is the location of The Culinary Institute of America at Greystone and a campus of Napa Valley College.
First Upper Peru campaign
The First Upper Peru campaign was a military campaign of the Argentine War of Independence, which took place in 1810. It was headed by Juan José Castelli, and attempted to expand the influence of the Buenos Aires May Revolution in Upper Peru (modern Bolivia). There were initial victories, such as in the Battle of Suipacha and the revolt of Cochabamba, but it was finally defeated during the Battle of Huaqui that returned Upper Peru to Royalist influence. Manuel Belgrano and José Rondeau would attempt other similarly ill-fated campaigns; the Royalists in the Upper Peru would be finally defeated by Sucre, whose military campaign came from the North supporting Simón Bolívar.

Battle of Huaqui
The Battle of Huaqui or Battle of Guaqui-modern spelling-  (in some sources also called Yuraicoragua or Battle of Desaguadero), was a battle on June 20, 1811,  
between the Primera Junta's (Buenos Aires) revolutionary troops and the royalist troops of the Viceroyalty of Peru on the border between Upper Peru, (present-day Bolivia), resulting in a comprehensive defeat of the revolutionary armies.
Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Elder
Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha (Ottoman Turkish: چندارلی ابراهیم پاشا; died August 15, 1429), sometimes called the Elder, was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire under Murad II, from 1421 to 1429.

He was the third member of the prominent Çandarlı family to become grand vizier, after his father Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Elder and his brother Çandarlı Ali Pasha. His son, Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Younger and his namesake grandson, Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Younger, also became grand viziers.

He was married to Lady Isfahan Shah Khatun (died c. 1436), a direct descendant of  Sheikh Edebali. She was the mother of all his children, except the eldest, Halil Pasha.  She established a madrasa in Jerusalem: the al-'Uthmaniyya.

Çandarlı family
The Çandarlı family (Ottoman Turkish: چاندارلی عائله سی; Turkish: Çandarlı ailesi) was a prominent Turkish political family which provided the Ottoman Empire with five grand viziers during the 14th and 15th centuries. At the time, it was the second most important family after the Ottoman dynasty itself.
James Shankar Singh
James Shankar Singh, MBE (May 10, 1924 – July 27, 2014) was a Fiji Indian farmer, businessman, social worker and politician who served as a Minister in the Alliance Government of Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara. Like many Fiji Indian politicians of the era, he joined the Alliance Party with a belief in mutiracialism, but was disappointed with the Alliance Party's appeal to Fijian nationalism after 1977 and left the Alliance to join the National Federation Party.

Kamisese Mara
Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, CF, GCMG, KBE (6 May 1920 – 18 April 2004) was a Fijian politician who served as Chief Minister from 1967 to 1970, when Fiji gained its independence from the United Kingdom, and, apart from one brief interruption in 1987, as the first Prime Minister from 1970 to 1992. He subsequently served as president from 1993 to 2000.