hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gloucester College, Oxford
Gloucester College, Oxford, was a Benedictine institution of the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, from the late 13th century until the dissolution of the monasteries in the 16th century. It was never a typical college of the University; in that there was an internal division in the college, by staircase units, into parts where the monasteries sending monks had effective authority. The overall head was a Prior, later changed to a Prior Studentium, and finally a Principal.

It later became Gloucester Hall, an academic hall and annexe of St John's College and was again refounded in 1714 as Worcester College by Sir Thomas Cookes.

St John's College, Oxford
St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Founded as a men's college in 1555, it has been coeducational since 1979. Its founder, Sir Thomas White, intended to provide a source of educated Roman Catholic clerics to support the Counter-Reformation under Queen Mary.

St John's is the wealthiest college in Oxford, with assets worth over £790 million as of 2022, largely due to nineteenth-century suburban development of land in the city of Oxford of which it is the ground landlord.

The college occupies a site on St Giles' and in 2024 had a student body of 419 undergraduates and 244 postgraduates. There are over 100 academic staff, and a like number of other staff. In 2018 St John's topped the Norrington Table, the annual ranking of Oxford colleges' final results, and in 2021, St John's ranked second with a score of 79.8.
Nonagonal number
A nonagonal number, or an enneagonal number, is a figurate number that extends the concept of triangular and square numbers to the nonagon (a nine-sided polygon). However, unlike the triangular and square numbers, the patterns involved in the construction of nonagonal numbers are not rotationally symmetrical. Specifically, the nth nonagonal number counts the dots in a pattern of n nested nonagons, all sharing a common corner, where the ith nonagon in the pattern has sides made of i dots spaced one unit apart from each other. The nonagonal number for n is given by the formula:

.

Triangular number
A triangular number or triangle number counts objects arranged in an equilateral triangle. Triangular numbers are a type of figurate number, other examples being square numbers and cube numbers. The nth triangular number is the number of dots in the triangular arrangement with n dots on each side, and is equal to the sum of the n natural numbers from 1 to n. The first 100 terms sequence of triangular numbers, starting with the 0th triangular number, are

(sequence A000217 in the OEIS)
Pressure alopecia
Pressure alopecia, also known as postoperative alopecia, and pressure-induced alopecia, occurs in adults after prolonged pressure on the scalp during general anesthesia, with the head fixed in one position, and may also occur in chronically ill persons after prolonged bed rest in one position that causes persistent pressure on one part of the scalp, all likely due to pressure-induced ischemia.: 762

Pressure alopecia usually manifests as a skin-colored hairless patch on the occiput. Hair loss usually becomes noticeable 3-28 days after the initial trigger. Depending on the severity of ischemia pressure alopecia can be scarring or non-scarring.

Pressure alopecia is diagnosed based on clinical history and the symptoms. Treatment is usually not needed because the condition spontaneously resolves within months.

Scarring hair loss
Scarring hair loss, also known as cicatricial alopecia, is the loss of hair which is accompanied with scarring. This is in contrast to non scarring hair loss.

It can be caused by a diverse group of rare disorders that destroy the hair follicle, replace it with scar tissue, and cause permanent hair loss.  A variety of distributions are possible. In some cases, hair loss is gradual, without symptoms, and is unnoticed for long periods. In other cases, hair loss is associated with severe itching, burning and pain and is rapidly progressive. The inflammation that destroys the follicle is below the skin surface and there is usually no "scar" seen on the scalp. Affected areas of the scalp may show little signs of inflammation, or have redness, scaling, increased or decreased pigmentation, pustules, or draining sinuses. Scarring hair loss occurs in otherwise healthy people of all ages and is seen worldwide.
Rononia
Rononia was a steam fishing trawler that operated for almost 30 years. Completed in 1913, she went through several owners before being requisitioned as a war trawler during the First World War. The ship survived the war and again was sold multiple times before being bought by her final owner, Kottingham Trawling Co Ltd. On 6 March 1942, Rononia was torpedoed by the German submarine U-701 whilst sailing to Iceland. The trawler immediately broke up with the loss of all hands.

German submarine U-701
German submarine U-701 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for the Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that served in the North Atlantic during World War II. It was launched on 16 April 1941 under the command of Kapitänleutnant Horst Degen, with a crew of 43.

In three operational patrols U-701 sank five ships, of 25,390 gross register tons (GRT) and damaged four others for 37,093 GRT. She also sank four auxiliary warships and damaged a destroyer.

She was sunk in an air attack on 7 July 1942 and rests at a depth of 115 feet (35 m) at 35°14.330′N 75°06.690′W﻿ / ﻿35.238833°N 75.111500°W﻿ / 35.238833; -75.111500.
Sosipater
Sosipater (Greek: Σωσίπατρος) is a person mentioned in the New Testament, in Romans 16:21. He is probably the same person as Sopater mentioned in Acts 20:4.

In church tradition, he is known as Sosipater of Iconium, and is numbered among the Seventy Apostles. St. Sosipater's feast days are on April 28 (Slavic tradition), or 29 (Greek tradition) with St. Jason; November 10 with saints Erastus, Olympas, Herodian, Quartus, and Tertius; and January 4 with the Seventy. According to Latin tradition, the disciple of St Paul the Apostle died on the 25th of June in Beroea.

Olympas
Olympas (Greek: Ὀλυμπᾶς, meaning "heavenly") was a Roman Christian whom Paul of Tarsus saluted (Romans 16:15) in around 65 AD.

Olympas is regarded in the Eastern Orthodox Church as being one of the Seventy disciples. His feast day is November 10.
Branko Crvenkovski
Branko Crvenkovski (Macedonian: Бранко Црвенковски, pronounced ['brankɔ t͡sr̩'vɛnkɔfski] ⓘ; born 12 October 1962) is a Macedonian politician who served as the President of Macedonia (now North Macedonia) from 2004 to 2009. He previously served as Prime Minister of Macedonia from 1992 to 1998 and from 2002 to 2004.

A former member of the League of Communists of Macedonia (SKM), Crvenkovski became the president of the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia (SDSM) in 1991, the legal successor of the SKM. He was SDSM's leader on two occasions.

Prime Minister of North Macedonia
The prime minister of North Macedonia (Macedonian: Премиер на Северна Македонија, romanized: Premier na Severna Makedonija, Albanian: Kryeministri i Maqedonisë së Veriut), officially the President of the Government of the Republic of North Macedonia (Macedonian: Претседател на Владата на Република Северна Македонија, romanized: Pretsedatel na Vladata na Republika Severna Makedonija, Albanian: Kryetari i Qeverisë së Republikës së Maqedonisë së Veriut), is the head of government of North Macedonia.

The prime minister is the head of the cabinet and is usually the leader of a political coalition in parliament.

The current prime minister is Hristijan Mickoski, who has been in office since 23 June 2024.
1998 UEFA European Under-16 Championship qualifying
This page describes the qualifying procedure for the 1998 UEFA European Under-16 Football Championship. 49 teams were divided into 15 groups of three and four teams each. The fifteen best winners advanced to the final tournament.

1998 UEFA European Under-16 Championship
The 1998 UEFA European Under-16 Championship was the 16th edition of UEFA's European Under-16 Football Championship. Scotland hosted the championship, during 26 April – 8 May 1998. Players born on or after 1 January 1981 were eligible to participate in this competition (the age limit was previously in August). 16 teams entered the competition, and Republic of Ireland defeated Italy in the final to win the competition for the first time.
Ring Settlements, East Jerusalem
The Ring Neighborhoods (Israeli term; Hebrew: שכונות הטבעת) or Ring Settlements of Jerusalem are eight Israeli settlements built as suburban satellites to East Jerusalem. The first neighborhoods built after 1967 were Ramot, French Hill, Neve Yaakov, Pisgat Ze'ev, East Talpiot, and Gilo. In the 1990s, Ramat Shlomo and Har Homa were added to the list. The international community does not recognize Israeli sovereignty over East Jerusalem and considers the neighborhoods illegal settlements, but the Israeli government disputes this.

Har Homa
Har Homa (Hebrew: הר חומה, lit Wall Mountain), officially Homat Shmuel, is an Israeli settlement in southern East Jerusalem, near the Palestinian city of Beit Sahour. The settlement is also referred to as  "Jabal Abu Ghneim" (also "Jabal Abu Ghunaym"), which is the Arabic name of the hill. One purpose given for the decision approving of its establishment was to obstruct the growth of the nearby Palestinian city of Bethlehem.

The settlement was officially renamed Homat Shmuel in 1998 after Shmuel Meir, a former deputy mayor of Jerusalem, who played an active role in its development before he was killed in a car accident in 1996.

In 2013, Har Homa had a population of 25,000.

Built on 1,850 dunams (1.85 km2) of land Israel expropriated in 1991,  the international community considers Israeli settlements in East Jerusalem illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this.
Catherine Anne Money
Catherine Anne Money AM PSM (née Menzies; born 18 August 1940) is an Australian biochemist whose discoveries have changed leather making. By introducing a freezing process, she simplified the preparation of hides in Australian tanneries. Her simplified approach which minimizes tannery effluents and maximizes hide quality is now used globally.

Public Service Medal (Australia)
The Public Service Medal (PSM) is a civil decoration awarded to Australian public servants (at all levels) for outstanding service. The PSM was introduced in 1989 and replaced the Imperial Service Order discontinued in Australia in 1975, supplementing the Order of Australia introduced that same year. Recipients of the Public Service Medal are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "PSM".

The medal is awarded twice each year by the Governor-General of Australia, on the nomination of the responsible Minister in each state or territory, and at the federal level. The total number of awards made each year must not exceed 100, further broken down into a quota for each government public service.
Thomas Bavin
Sir Thomas Rainsford Bavin, KCMG, KC (5 May 1874 – 31 August 1941) was an Australian lawyer and politician who served as Premier of New South Wales from 1927 to 1930. He was born in New Zealand and arrived in Australia at the age of 15, where he studied law and became a barrister. He served as personal secretary to Australia's first two prime ministers, Edmund Barton and Alfred Deakin. Bavin was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1917. He served two terms as Attorney General of New South Wales (1921, 1922–1925) before leading the Nationalist Party to victory at the 1927 state election, in a coalition with the Country Party. His predecessor Jack Lang and the Australian Labor Party (ALP) defeated his government after a single term at the 1930 state election.

Attorney General of New South Wales
The attorney general of New South Wales, in formal contexts also attorney-general or attorney general for New South Wales and usually known simply as the attorney general, is a minister in the Government of New South Wales who has responsibility for the administration of justice in New South Wales, Australia. In addition, the attorney general is one of the Law Officers of the Crown. Along with the subordinate solicitor general, crown advocate, and crown solicitor, the attorney general serves as the chief legal and constitutional adviser of the Crown and Government of New South Wales.

The current attorney general, since 28 March 2023, is Michael Daley.

The attorney general and the ministers administer the portfolio through the Stronger Communities cluster, in particular the Department of Communities and Justice and a range of other government agencies.

Ultimately, the attorney general and the ministers are responsible to the Parliament of New South Wales.
Canon F series
Canon’s F series is Canon’s series of manual focus 35 mm single lens reflex cameras.  The first professional camera, the F-1, was introduced in March 1971 while the final camera, the New F-1 High Speed Motor Drive Camera, was released in February 1984.  All have a Canon FD or FL lens mount compatible with Canon’s extensive range of manual-focus lenses.

Canon New F-1
The Canon New F-1 is a professional 35 mm single-lens reflex camera that replaced the F-1n (an upgraded F-1) as Canon's top-of-the-line 35mm single-lens reflex camera in September 1981.  Like the earlier models, the New F-1 takes FD-mount lenses. Although no date has ever been confirmed, it is thought that the last New F-1 was made in 1992. It was officially discontinued in 1994, and factory support ended in 2004.
Puerto Rico Highway 252
Puerto Rico Highway 252 (PR-252)  is a tertiary route located in Culebra, Puerto Rico. It goes from the PR-250 in the Port of Culebra (pier) near the town square and runs northwest until you reach the municipal roads that lead to Quintas de Culebra and Melones Beach.

Culebra, Puerto Rico
Culebra, officially Isla de Culebra (Spanish pronunciation: [kuˈleβɾa], "Snake Island"), is an island and municipality of Puerto Rico, comprising the Spanish Virgin Islands together with Vieques. Located about 17 miles (27 km) east of the main island of Puerto Rico, it is 9 miles (14 km) northeast of Vieques and 12 miles (19 km) west of Saint Thomas in the U.S. Virgin Islands. Culebra is spread over Culebra Pueblo, its historic and administrative center, and 5 barrios, which include the smaller islands or cays of Culebrita, Norte, and Luis Peña. Residents of the island are known as culebrenses. With a population of 1,792 as of the 2020 Census, it is the least populous municipality in Puerto Rico.

Originally called Isla del Pasaje and Isla de San Ildefonso, Culebra is also known as Isla Chiquita ("Little Island"), Cuna del Sol Borincano ("Cradle of the Puerto Rican Sun") and Última Virgen ("Last Virgin", due to its position at the end of the Virgin Islands archipelago).
Thornlie railway station
Thornlie railway station is a suburban railway station on the Transperth network. Located seventeen kilometres (11 mi) from Perth station, it serves the suburb of Thornlie, Western Australia. It was the original terminus of the Thornlie line, a spur of the Armadale line, before the line was extended through to Cockburn Central station along the Mandurah line via two stations, Nicholson Road station and Ranford Road station. Upon completion of the extension, the Thornlie line was renamed the Thornlie-Cockburn line.

Cockburn Central railway station
Cockburn Central station (/ˈkoʊbərn/ KOH-bərn) is a bus and railway station on the Transperth network. It is located at the juncture of the Mandurah and Thornlie–Cockburn lines, 20.5 kilometres (12.7 mi) from Perth station inside the median strip of the Kwinana Freeway serving the suburb of Cockburn Central.
Jefferson State Community College
Jefferson State Community College (informally Jeff State) is a public community college with multiple campuses in Alabama, including the Jefferson Campus in northeastern Birmingham, Alabama (eastern Jefferson County), the Shelby-Hoover Campus in northern Shelby County, the St. Clair-Pell City Campus in Pell City, and the Chilton-Clanton Campus in Clanton. It is the largest college in the Alabama Community College System.

Shelby County, Alabama
Shelby County is a county located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census the population was 223,024, making it the sixth-most populous county in Alabama. The county seat is Columbiana. Its largest city is Alabaster. The county is named in honor of Isaac Shelby, Governor of Kentucky from 1792 to 1796 and again from 1812 to 1816. Shelby County is included in the Birmingham, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Glatton
Glatton is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England, some 8 miles (13 km) south-west of Peterborough, near the villages of Conington, Yaxley and Stilton. It lies in the non-metropolitan district of Huntingdonshire, which is part of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county. A World War II airfield (RAF Glatton) built nearby is now known as Peterborough's Conington Airport.

Stilton
Stilton is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England, about 12 miles (19 km) north of Huntingdon in Huntingdonshire, which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as a historic county of England.
2010 Women's Rugby World Cup final
The 2010 Women's Rugby World Cup Final was a rugby union match that determined the 2010 Women's Rugby World Cup winner. The match occurred on 5 September 2010 at the Twickenham Stoop in Twickenham, London and was contested between New Zealand and England for a third time. It was England's record fifth appearance in a Final and New Zealand's fourth. New Zealand made history with their fourth back-to-back title after defeating England in a tightly contested match.

New Zealand women's national rugby union team
The New Zealand women's rugby union team, called the Black Ferns (Māori: Rarauhe Pango [ɾaɾaʉhɛ paŋɔ]), represents New Zealand (excluding Hawke's Bay and North Harbour provinces) in women's international rugby union, which is the country's national sport. The team has won six out of ten Women's Rugby World Cup tournaments.

They have an 82 percent winning record in Test Match rugby, (updated 27 September 2025). Since their official international debut in 1991, the Black Ferns have lost to only five of the sixteen nations they have played against — Canada, England, France, Ireland and the United States. The team performs a haka before every match; this is a Māori challenge or posture dance. Traditionally the Black Ferns use the haka Ko Uhia Mai.
Monstertrack alleycat
Monstertrack is an illegal alleycat race originally held in New York City in 2000. The race was conceived by a bicycle messenger known as 'Snake'. The race is exclusively for riders on brakeless fixed-gear bicycles. The event gained popularity along with that of the use of track and fixed-gear bicycles on urban streets in the 2000s.

Carlos "Diablo" and Victor Ouma "Freeway" worked as bike couriers, but took on roles of race organizers, and also participated in alleycat races.  The pair made the alleycat scene in New York more popular by using the internet to spread the word about bike racing in New York. Monstertrack is billed as the largest alleycat in the U.S., attracting scofflaws from Europe and Japan.

Alleycat race
An alleycat race is an unsanctioned bicycle race. Alley cats almost always take place in cities, and are often organized by bicycle messengers. The informality of the organization is matched by the emphasis on taking part, rather than simple competition. For instance, many alleycats present prizes for the last competitor to finish (sometimes known as Dead Fucking Last or DFL).

The first race to be called an 'alley cat' was held in Toronto on 30 October 1989 and continued, in its original form, around Halloween and Valentine's Day for the following five years. In 1993, when Toronto messengers shared Alleycat stories at the first international messenger race (C.M.W.C Berlin), the name and the concept spread globally. Regularly organized Alleycats can be found in cities across North America, Europe and Asia. Many smaller cities with no cycle messenger population are also home to alleycats run by the burgeoning urban cyclist subculture.
Palmitoylethanolamide
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is an endogenous fatty acid amide, and lipid modulator.

A main target of PEA is proposed to be the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α). PEA also has affinity to cannabinoid-like G-coupled receptors GPR55 and GPR119. PEA cannot strictly be considered a classic endocannabinoid because it lacks affinity for the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2.

Fatty acid amide
Fatty acid amides (FAAs) are amides formed from a fatty acid and an amine. In nature, many FAAs have ethanolamine as the amine component. Also known as N-acylethanolamines, they contain the functionality RC(O)N(H)CH2CH2OH. A well known example is anandamide. Other fatty acid amides are fatty acid primary amides (FAPAs). They contain the functionality RC(O)NH2). Oleamide is an example of this class of FAPAs.
California State Route 47
State Route 47 (SR 47) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California, connecting Terminal Island to the mainland in the Los Angeles area. From its south end at I-110 in San Pedro, it heads east across the Vincent Thomas Bridge to I-710 on the island, then turns north across the Schuyler Heim Bridge to SR 103 on the mainland. Though most maps and signs mark SR 47 as continuous along the segment from Ferry Street near the east end of the Vincent Thomas Bridge to I-710, this part has never been transferred from local control to the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). Furthermore, SR 47 signage continues  north from SR 103 along another locally maintained route, mainly Alameda Street, to the Gardena Freeway (SR 91) in Compton, and an unconstructed alignment follows the same corridor to the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10) near downtown Los Angeles.

Terminal Island
Terminal Island, historically known as Isla Raza de Buena Gente, is a largely artificial island located in Los Angeles County, California, between the neighborhoods of Wilmington and San Pedro in the city of Los Angeles, and the city of Long Beach. Terminal Island is roughly split between the Port of Los Angeles and Port of Long Beach. Land use on the island is entirely industrial and port-related except for Federal Correctional Institution, Terminal Island.
IRAS 12112+0305
IRAS 12112+0305 is a galaxy merger located in the constellation of Virgo. Its redshift is (z) 0.0723, which means the object is located 970 million light years from Earth. It was first discovered by astronomers in 1987 from the IRAS bright galaxy sample. and has a LINER spectrum.

Low-ionization nuclear emission-line region
A low-ionization nuclear emission-line region (LINER) is a type of galactic nucleus that is defined by its spectral line emission.  The spectra typically include line emission from weakly ionized or neutral atoms, such as O, O+, N+, and S+.  Conversely, the spectral line emission from strongly ionized atoms, such as O++, Ne++, and He+, is relatively weak.  The class of galactic nuclei was first identified by Timothy Heckman in the third of a series of papers on the spectra of galactic nuclei that were published in 1980.