hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
South Asian Canadians in British Columbia
The South Asian community in British Columbia was first established in 1897. The first immigrants originated from Punjab, British India, a northern region and state in modern-day India and Pakistan. Punjabis originally settled in rural British Columbia at the turn of the twentieth century, working in the forestry and agricultural industries.

As their numbers grew, anti-"Hindu" sentiment increased among the Europeans living in the province thus preventing them from voting in 1908. Originally, Indian settlement was predominantly male; large numbers of women and children began arriving in the mid-20th century. In 1947, South Asians were given the right to vote, therefore permitting their entry into British Columbian political life.

In the late 20th century, many South Asians transitioned from living in rural areas of the province into living in urban areas as the economic vitality of the forestry industry declined.

Anti-Indian sentiment
Anti-Indian sentiment (historically known as Hinduphobia; also referred to as anti-Indianism, Indophobia) refers to prejudice, collective hatred, and discrimination which is directed at Indian people for any variety of reasons. According to Kenyan-American academic Ali Mazrui, Indophobia is "a tendency to react negatively towards people of Indian extraction, against aspects of Indian culture and normative habits." As such, it is the opposite of Indomania, which refers to a pronounced affinity for Indians and their culture, history, and country. Anti-Indian sentiment is frequently a manifestation of racism, particularly in cases in which Indians are targeted alongside other South Asians. Regardless of their motivation, Indophobic individuals often invoke stereotypes of Indians to justify their feelings or attitudes towards them.
Monte Tamaro
Monte Tamaro is a mountain of the Lugano Prealps, overlooking Lake Maggiore in the Swiss canton of Ticino. Reaching a height of 1,962 metres above sea level, it is the highest summit of the chain located between Lake Maggiore and Lake Lugano, which also includes Monte Lema. It is also the most prominent summit of the canton.

Lugano Prealps
The Lugano Prealps (Prealpi Luganesi or Prealpi Lombarde Occidentali in Italian) are a mountain range in the western part of the Alps. They are located in Canton Ticino (southern Switzerland) and Lombardy (northern Italy).
Ali Baqar Najafi
Justice Ali Baqar Najafi (Urdu: علی باقر نجفی) is a Pakistani jurist currently serving as a Judge of the Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan since 14 November 2025. He previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan (2025) and a Judge of the Lahore High Court (2012–2025). Prior to joining the judiciary, he practiced law for over two decades and taught at the Punjab University Law College.

Federal Constitutional Court of Pakistan
The Federal Constitutional Court (abbr. FCC; Urdu: وفاقی آئینی عدالت, romanised: Wafāqī Āʾīnī ʿAdālat) is the constitutional court of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan at the federal level. It was established through the twenty-seventh amendment in the Pakistani constitution, passed by the Parliament of Pakistan in November 2025.

The court exercises exclusive jurisdiction in constitutional interpretation and disputes between the federal and provincial governments. Its creation transferred many of the constitutional functions previously exercised by the Supreme Court of Pakistan to a separate specialised body.
Waitākere Ranges Local Board
Waitākere Ranges Local Board is one of the 21 local boards of the Auckland Council, and is one of the two boards overseen by the council's Waitākere Ward councillors.

The board's administrative area includes the suburbs of Titirangi, Glen Eden, Konini and Swanson and the towns of Te Henga (Bethells Beach), Piha, Karekare, Huia and Laingholm, and covers the area from Waitākere Ranges to O'Neill Bay. The total population residing in the board's area, in the 2013 New Zealand census, was 48,396.

The board is governed by six board members elected at-large. The inaugural members were elected in the nationwide 2010 local elections, coinciding with the introduction of the Auckland Council.

Laingholm
Laingholm is a small community situated in the Waitākere Ranges of West Auckland, New Zealand.

The name is derived from George and John Laing, who farmed the area starting in 1854, before it was subdivided. Celebrations were held in 2003 for the 150th anniversary of European settlement.

Laingholm is located on the shores of the Manukau Harbour and within the Waitākere Ranges.
Pedro Velaz de Medrano
Pedro Vélaz de Medrano y Manso de Zúñiga, 2nd Lord of Tabuérniga (Santo Domingo de la Calzada, La Rioja 28 July 1603 – Coimbra, c. 1659) was a distinguished Spanish nobleman, knight of the Order of Santiago, and one of the most formidable naval commanders during the reign of Philip IV. He served as captain general of the Armada de Barlovento, custodian of the Spanish treasure fleet, sergeant major, governor of the tercio of Álava, governor of five Neapolitan galleons, squadron admiral, and general of the Spanish Empire. In a dramatic turn later in life, Medrano commanded a French corsair flotilla in the Caribbean under the banner of Louis XIV, seeking to capture the Spanish treasure fleet.

He married María de Altamirano y Ponce de León, a relative of Juan Ponce de León. His son Antonio Velaz de Medrano y Altamirano, governor of the strategic city of Nieuwpoort became the 1st Marquess of Tabuérniga, granted by King Carlos II of Spain in 1682.

Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV (Spanish: Felipe Domingo Victor de la Cruz de Austria y Austria, Portuguese: Filipe III; 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: Rey Planeta), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the arts, including such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Spain during the Thirty Years' War.

By the time of his death, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometres (4.7 million square miles) in area, the largest empire in the world, but in other aspects was in decline, a process to which Philip contributed with his inability to achieve successful domestic and military reform. He was succeeded on his death by his young son Charles II as King of Spain and in 1640 (with the collapse of the Iberian Union) by John IV as King of Portugal.
Oxycodone/aspirin
Oxycodone/aspirin (trade name Percodan) is a combination drug marketed by Endo Pharmaceuticals. It is a tablet containing a mixture of 325 mg  (5 grains) of aspirin and 4.8355 mg of oxycodone HCl (equivalent to 4.3346 mg of oxycodone as the free base); it is an opioid/non-opioid combination used to treat moderate to moderately severe pain. The safety of the combination during pregnancy has not been established, although aspirin is generally contraindicated during pregnancy, and the drug has been placed in pregnancy category D. Inactive ingredients include D&C Yellow 10, FD&C Yellow 6, microcrystalline cellulose, and corn starch. Percodan was first marketed by DuPont Pharmaceuticals and prescribed in the United States in 1950.  Once a widely prescribed painkiller, it has largely been replaced by alternative oxycodone compounds containing paracetamol (acetaminophen) instead of aspirin, such as Percocet.

Oxycodone/paracetamol
Oxycodone/paracetamol, sold under the brand name Percocet among others, is a fixed-dose combination of the opioid oxycodone with paracetamol (acetaminophen), used to treat moderate to severe pain.

In 2023, it was the 93rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 7 million prescriptions.
Zenith Carburettor Company (British)
The Zenith Carburetter Company Limited was a British company making carburettors in Stanmore Middlesex, founded in 1912 as a subsidiary of the French Société du carburateur Zénith. In 1965, the company joined with its major pre-war rival Solex Carburettors, and over time, the Zenith brand name fell into disuse. The rights to the Zenith designs were owned by Solex UK (a daughter company of Solex in France).

While better known for its much later products, Zenith produced carburettors that were standard equipment on some very early, brass era automobiles, including the Scripps-Booth.

Solex (manufacturer)
Solex was a French manufacturer of carburetors and gasoline powered bicycles.

Solex carburetors were used by many European automotive companies including Rolls-Royce Motors, Land Rover, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, and Porsche, and were also licensed to Japanese maker Mikuni. However, they are no longer made by any derivation of the original French firm.

The company discontinued operations in France in 1988. Starting in 1992, it underwent a series of acquisitions and name changes. When ownership fell under the Magneti Marelli umbrella, production shifted to China and Hungary. Production in Hungary was discontinued in 2002, and then resumed in France in 2005 with a line of gasoline and electric-powered bikes and mopeds being sold, as of 2021, under the VéloSoleX name as part of the EasyBike Group.
Action of 27 February 1941
The Action of 27 February 1941 was a single ship action between the New Zealand crewed British cruiser HMS Leander and the Italian ship Ramb I, an  auxiliary cruiser. It began when Leander ordered an un-flagged freighter to stop for an inspection. The freighter raised the Italian colours and engaged Leander which sank Ramb I shortly after. About 150 members of the crew were killed and 100 were rescued and taken to Addu Atoll, thence to Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Leander patrolled southwards to investigate more reports of commerce raiders.

Italian auxiliary cruiser Ramb I
The Italian ship Ramb I was a pre-war "banana boat" converted to an auxiliary cruiser in World War II.  Ramb I operated as an armed merchant in the Red Sea and was ordered to sail to Japan after the fall of Massawa to the Allies. She was sunk in the Indian Ocean before she could reach her intended destination.
Samuel Moody
Samuel Moody was a seventeenth century English politician. He was christened at Moulton, Suffolk on 31 March 1592. He was an Alderman in Bury St Edmunds by 1644. He was appointed to the First Suffolk Committee for Scandalous Ministers that year. He was later one of the two MPs for Bury St Edmunds in 1654 and 1656.

Samuel was born in Moulton, Suffolk, the son of George Moody and his wife Margaret Chenery.

Moody was one of the commissioners who sat on the Suffolk Committees for Scandalous Ministers.

Suffolk Committees for Scandalous Ministers
The Suffolk Committees for Scandalous Ministers were two committees commissioned by the Earl of Manchester between 24 February and 15 March 1644 in accordance with an ordinance published on 22 January 1644. Manchester had been pressing for authorisation to remove 'scandalous ministers' for some time. This term referred to "any minister who was non-resident, incompetent or idle, scandalous either in life or in doctrine, or in any way ill-affected to Parliament".
Parwinder Kaur
Parwinder Kaur is an Australian biotechnologist and politician. She was elected to the Western Australian Parliament as a Member of the Legislative Council of the at the 2025 state election for the Labor Party. Prior to entering politics she was director of the DNA Zoo Australia, and associate professor at the University of Western Australia. Her research involves genomic techniques to help conservation efforts. On International Women's Day in 2023, Kaur was inducted into the WA Women's Hall of Fame.

Western Australian Labor Party
The Western Australian Labor Party, officially known as WA Labor, is the Western Australian branch of the Australian Labor Party (ALP). It is the current governing party of Western Australia since winning the 2017 state election under Mark McGowan.
Ron Starr
Bobby Eugene Nutt  (April 3, 1951 – June 8, 2017), better known by his ring name Ron Starr, was an American professional wrestler. Starr was a mainstay for numerous wrestling territories throughout the 1970s and 80s, capturing almost three dozen championships throughout his career including two reigns as NWA World Junior Heavyweight Champion and several reigns as NWA World Tag Team Champion. He was also notable for his involvement with Stampede Wrestling in Canada and his tenure with the World Wrestling Council (WWC) in Puerto Rico. Starr has been called "one of the unsung heroes of the territory days of professional wrestling" and "one of the most effective heels that  territorial professional wrestling had ever seen.

World Wrestling Council
The World Wrestling Council (WWC; Spanish: "Consejo Mundial de Lucha") is a professional wrestling promotion based in Puerto Rico. It was originally established as Capitol Sports Promotions in 1973 by Carlos Colón, Victor Jovica, and Gorilla Monsoon. By the mid-1990s, the promotion had changed its name to the World Wrestling Council. It was a member of the National Wrestling Alliance until 1988. WWC is among the oldest professional wrestling promotions in the world and one of only eight in the entire world to reach its 50th anniversary in continuous operation.
Izzy Bizu
Isobel Bizu Beardshaw (born 28 April 1994), better known as Izzy Bizu, is a British-Ethiopian singer-songwriter previously signed with Epic Records. Bizu has garnered mainstream radio support from BBC Radio 1's Annie Mac and Phil Taggart and BBC Radio 1Xtra's Trevor Nelson. She has supported Coldplay, Sam Smith, Rudimental, and Foxes. In November 2015, Bizu was shortlisted for a Brit Critics' Choice award and longlisted for BBC's Sound of... 2016. She won the BBC Music Introducing Award at the 2016 ceremony. On 25 June 2016, Bizu performed on the Park Stage at the Glastonbury Festival.

BBC Radio 1Xtra
BBC Radio 1Xtra is a British digital radio station owned and operated by the BBC. It broadcasts Black music and urban genres, and is a sister station to Radio 1. Launching at 18:00 on 16 August 2002, it had been code named "Network X" during the consultation period. At the time, the station was listed as "1 Xtra BBC" on many electronic programming guides.  The station broadcasts mostly from the 8th floor of Broadcasting House, shared with Radio 1, Radio 2 and 6 Music.

According to RAJAR, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 786,000 with a listening share of 0.3% as of March 2024.
Kita-Asahikawa Freight Terminal
Kita-Asahikawa Freight Terminal (北旭川駅, Kita-Asahikawa eki) is a railway freight terminal located in Ryūtsūdanchi 1-Jō 5-chōme, Asahikawa, Hokkaidō, and operated by the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

The terminal is situated on the Soya Main Line.

Sōya Main Line
The Sōya Main Line (宗谷本線, Sōya-honsen) is a Japanese railway line operated by Hokkaido Railway Company (JR Hokkaido) in Hokkaido. The line connects Asahikawa Station in Asahikawa and Wakkanai Station in Wakkanai, and is the northernmost railway line in Japan. The name comes from Sōya Subprefecture.

On 19 November 2016, JR Hokkaido's president announced plans to rationalize the network by up to 1,237 km, or ~50% of the current network, including proposed conversion of the Nayoro - Wakkanai section of the Soya Line to Third Sector operation, but if local governments are not agreeable, the section will face closure.
Szymon Szynkowski vel Sęk
Szymon Andrzej Szynkowski vel Sęk (Polish pronunciation: [ˈʂɨmɔn ʂɨnˈkɔfskʲi vɛl sɛŋk]; born 24 November 1982 in Poznań) is a Polish politician, member of Sejm (VIII, IX and X terms), between 2018 and 2022 deputy Foreign Affairs Minister of Poland in charge of Polish Diaspora, European Policy and Public Diplomacy, since 2022 Minister for European Union Affairs. He was appointed Minister of the Foreign Affairs in the cabinet of Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki in November 2023.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych, MSZ) is the Polish government department tasked with maintaining Poland's international relations and coordinating its participation in international and regional supra-national political organisations such as the European Union and United Nations. The head of the ministry holds a place in the Council of Ministers.
Waste management in Armenia
Armenia is underdeveloped in its waste management and recycling activities.

According to the Statistical Committee of Armenia, organizations produced 55.2 million metric tons of waste in 2016, including mining waste. This amounts to about 18.5 tonnes per capita. According to the Waste Atlas, Armenia produces 368,618 tonnes of Municipal solid waste (MSW) per year, or 119.8 kilograms (264 lb) per capita.

On May 4, 2018, the government modifications to relevant legislation aimed at strengthening the responsibility for proper waste management.

Municipal solid waste
Municipal solid waste (MSW), commonly known as trash or garbage in the United States and rubbish in Britain, is a waste type consisting of everyday items that are discarded by the public. "Garbage" can also refer specifically to food waste, as in a garbage disposal; the two are sometimes collected separately. In the European Union, the semantic definition is 'mixed municipal waste,' given waste code 20 03 01 in the European Waste Catalog. Although the waste may originate from a number of sources that has nothing to do with a municipality, the traditional role of municipalities in collecting and managing these kinds of waste have produced the particular etymology 'municipal.'
Aleksey Kulak
Aleksey Isidorovich Kulak (Russian: Алексей Исидорович Кулак; 27 March 1922 – 25 August 1984), code name FEDORA, was a KGB Colonel who offered his services to the FBI and CIA between 1962 and 1977. Kulak's assertion that there was a KGB mole within the FBI led to a decades-long mole hunt that seriously disrupted the agency. Kulak's information was taken seriously by American intelligence, but some have claimed that he was a KGB double agent meant to sow chaos within the FBI. Prior to his work in intelligence, Kulak was decorated as a Hero of the Soviet Union for his heroism as a Red Army officer on the Eastern Front. He was posthumously stripped of his awards and rank in 1990, five years after Aldrich Ames ostensibly revealed Kulak's betrayal.

Aldrich Ames
Aldrich Hazen Ames (/eɪmz/; May 26, 1941 – January 5, 2026) was an American CIA counterintelligence officer who was convicted of espionage on behalf of the Soviet Union and Russia in 1994. He served a life sentence, without the possibility of parole, in various federal prisons until his death in 2026 at the Federal Correctional Institution in Cumberland, Maryland. Ames was responsible for the arrest and eventual execution of numerous Soviet and Russian officials secretly working on behalf of the U.S. intelligence community, and had compromised more highly classified CIA assets than any other intelligence officer at the time of his arrest until the arrest of FBI agent Robert Hanssen seven years later in 2001. Both Ames and Hanssen were recruited by Victor Cherkashin, a high-ranking KGB officer.
Te Wera Hauraki
Te Wera Hauraki (?–1839) was a rangatira (chieftain) of the Ngāti Hineira and Te Uri Taniwha hapū of the Ngāpuhi iwi from the Northland region of New Zealand. From about 1818 to 1821, Te Wera went on expeditions and fought battles in the Bay of Plenty and the East Coast. In 1823, he was one of the leaders of the Ngāpuhi attack that defeated Te Arawa at Mokoia island in Lake Rotorua. Following the attack, Te Wera and his wife, Te Ao-kapurangi, negotiated a peace that prevented Ngāpuhi from taking further action against Te Arawa. After the conclusion of peace, he continued east and settled at Māhia Peninsula in Hawke's Bay, where he allied with Te Whareumu of Ngāti Rakaipaaka and Ngāti Hikairo and Te Pareihe of Ngāti Te Whatuiāpiti, helping them to fight off incursions from other tribes, especially Ngāti Te Ūpokoiri and Ngāti Raukawa. He remained at Māhia until his death in 1839.

Waikato Tainui
Waikato Tainui, Waikato or Tainui is a group of Māori iwi based in the Waikato Region, in the western central region of New Zealand's North Island. It is part of the larger Tainui confederation of Polynesian settlers who arrived to New Zealand on the Tainui waka (migration canoe). The tribe is named after the Waikato River, which plays a large part in its history and culture.

Pōtatau Te Wherowhero, the first Māori king, was a member of the Ngāti Mahuta hapu (sub-tribe) of Waikato iwi, and his descendants have succeeded him. The king movement is based at Tūrangawaewae marae (meeting place) in Ngāruawāhia.

The Waikato-Tainui iwi comprises 33 hapū (sub-tribes) and 68 marae (family groupings), with a population of over 80,000 tribal members who affiliate to it. In the 2023 New Zealand census, 47,664 people gave Waikato as an affiliation. Hamilton City is now the tribe's largest population centre, but Ngāruawāhia remains its historical centre and modern capital.
The House of Mystery (1923 film)
La Maison du mystère (English: The House of Mystery) is a French silent serial film directed by Alexandre Volkoff for the Albatros film company. It was made during 1921 and 1922 and was first shown in 1923. It was co-written by and starred Ivan Mosjoukine.

Films Albatros
Films Albatros was a French film production company established in 1922. It was formed by a group of White Russian exiles who had been forced to flee following the 1917 Russian Revolution and subsequent Russian Civil War. Initially, the firm's personnel consisted mainly of Russian exiles, but over time, French actors and directors were employed by the company. Its operations continued until the late 1930s.
Rick Roberts (radio personality)
Rick Roberts (born 1954) is an American conservative talk radio host who most recently hosted an afternoon show on WBAP (AM) in the Dallas/Fort Worth market. He was formerly on KOKC AM and later KTOK AM in Oklahoma City during morning drive, 5am to 8am.
He has a law degree.

KTOK
KTOK (1000 AM) is a commercial radio station in Oklahoma City and airs a news/talk format. It is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc., with the license held by iHM Licenses, LLC.  KTOK and its sister stations, KGHM, KJYO, KOKQ, KTST and KXXY-FM, have offices and studios at 6525 North Meridian Avenue on the Northwest side of Oklahoma City.

KTOK's power is 5,800 watts.  It uses a directional antenna with a three to five-tower array. Because AM 1000 is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A WMVP in Chicago, KNWN in Seattle and XEOY in Mexico City, KTOK's nighttime signal must protect those stations. The transmitter is in Moore, Oklahoma, off NE 25th Street. KTOK programming is also heard on co-owned 96.1 KXXY's HD2 subchannel and on the iHeartRadio app.