hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Devarakonda
The Battle of Devarkonda took place between Gajapati Empire and Bahmani Sultanate in 1458 A.D. at Devarkonda, Telangana, India. In this battle Odia forces led by prince Hamvira Deva under king Gajapati Kapilendra Deva crushed a massive army of Bahmani Muslim forces led by Humayun Shah. The battle ended with Odia victory and thus Devarkonda became a vassal state of Gajapati Empire.

Gajapati Empire
The Gajapati Empire was a medieval powerful Hindu monarchy in the Indian subcontinent, originally from the region of Odisha that reigned from c.1434 to 1541. At its peak, it ruled parts of modern-day West Bengal to Tiruchirappalli (modern-day Tamil Nadu).  
It succeeded the Eastern Gangas as the Gajapati monarchs and was founded by Kapilendra Deva of Suryavamsa lineage after the death of the last ruler of Eastern Ganga king Bhanu Deva IV. Gajapatis were great patrons of art, architecture and literature which during their time flourished and witnessed tremendous growth, they ruled over a vast stretch of land and had continuous rivalry with the Vijayanagara Empire. Their capital was Kataka.

The Gajapati kings patronized Vaishnavite Hinduism and were ardent devotees of the God Vishnu. They also commissioned many temples dedicated to the God Vishnu. They established the Jagannath cult over kalinga.
Chai nenesi
Chai nenesi (Old Turkic: 𐰲𐰴𐰀𐰃:𐰤𐰤𐰾𐰃), is a name applied to Turkic spirits of water, commonly creeks. She is responsible for sucking people into swamps and lakes as well as killing the animals standing near the still waters.

She is described as a white nude female with tousled [hair] and is known to harass people and bring misfortune to drunkards. In most versions, Chai Nenesi is an unquiet being, associated with the "unclean force". She Usually comes out of the water at night to climb a tree and sing songs or sit on a dock and comb her hair.

Su iyesi
In Turkic folklore, Su Iyesi (Tatar: Су Иясе or Tatar: Su İyäse; Chuvash: Шыв Ийӗ; Yakut: Уу Иччи; literally "water master") is a water spirit. It corresponds to the nymph in Turkic cultures. It is a disembodied, incorporeal, intangible entity, but can turn into a male as well as a female creature who is the daughter of Yer Tanrı. Sometimes the master of water is depicted in the form of a bull.
Minnesota State Highway 64
Minnesota State Highway 64 (MN 64) is a 64.817-mile-long (104.313 km) highway in north-central Minnesota, which runs from its         
intersection with State Highway 210 in Motley and continues north to its northern terminus at its intersection with State Highway 200 near Laporte and Kabekona.

Determined as an important alternate route to congestion-plagued Highway 371, this road has been designated a Minnesota Regional Corridor along its entire length.

Minnesota State Highway 210
Minnesota State Highway 210 (MN 210) is a state highway in west-central, central, and northeast Minnesota, which runs from North Dakota Highway 210 (ND 210) at the North Dakota state line (at Breckenridge), and continues east to its eastern terminus at its intersection with MN 23 in Duluth near the Saint Louis River.

The route runs across Minnesota from west-central to northeast; connecting Fergus Falls, Brainerd, and Duluth. At the western terminus of MN 210, upon crossing the Red River, the roadway becomes ND 210 and feeds into ND 13. MN 210 is 228 miles (367 km) in length.
Bernie Buescher
Bernie Buescher (born July 11, 1949) is an American politician who served as secretary of state of Colorado. A Democrat, he was appointed to the office in 2009 by Governor of Colorado Bill Ritter to fill the vacancy left by the resignation of Republican Mike Coffman.

Bill Ritter
August William Ritter Jr. (born September 6, 1956) is an American politician and lawyer who served as the 41st Governor of Colorado from 2007 to 2011. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as the district attorney for Denver before his election to the governorship in 2006.

Ritter was the first Colorado-born person to be elected as Governor of Colorado since 1975, as well as being the first Democratic officeholder in 50 years to serve with a Democratic majority in the Colorado General Assembly. Ritter did not run for a second term in 2010, citing family reasons. He supported fellow Democrat John Hickenlooper, who was elected to the governorship.
Saskatchewan Highway 368
Highway 368 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 5 in Muenster to the CanAm Highway (Highway 3) in Beatty. It is about 89 kilometres (55 mi) long.

Highway 368 intersects Highways 756, 777, 776, and 41. Highway 368 passes near Lake Lenore, St. Brieux, Pathlow, and Claggett.

Saskatchewan Highway 3
Highway 3 is a major provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from the Alberta border, where it continues west as Alberta Highway 45, to the Manitoba border, and then continues east as Highway 77. Highway 3 is about 615 km (382 mi.) long. The CanAm Highway comprises  Saskatchewan Highways 35, 39, 6, 3, as well as 2. 59.7 miles (96.1 km) of Saskatchewan Highway 3 contribute to the CanAm Highway between Melfort and Prince Albert.

Major communities that Highway 3 passes through are Prince Albert, Melfort, and Tisdale.
Swedish alphabet
The Swedish alphabet (Swedish: svenska alfabetet) is a basic element of the Latin writing system, used for the Swedish language, and consisting of the modern 26-letter basic Latin alphabet (⟨a⟩ to ⟨z⟩) plus ⟨å⟩, ⟨ä⟩, and ⟨ö⟩, in that order. It contains 20 consonants and 9 vowels (⟨a e i o u y å ä ö⟩). The Latin alphabet was brought to Sweden along with the Christianization of the population, although runes continued in use throughout the first centuries of Christianity, even for ecclesiastic purposes, despite their traditional relation to the Old Norse religion. The runes underwent partial "latinization" in the Middle Ages, when the Latin alphabet was completely accepted as the Swedish script system, but runes still occurred, especially in the countryside, until the 18th century, and were used decoratively until mid 19th century.

ISO basic Latin alphabet
The ISO basic Latin alphabet is an international standard (beginning with ISO/IEC 646) for a Latin-script alphabet that consists of two sets (uppercase and lowercase) of 26 letters, codified in various national and international standards and used widely in international communication.   They are the same letters that comprise the current English alphabet. Since medieval times, they are also the same letters of the modern Latin alphabet. The order is also important for sorting words into alphabetical order.

The two sets contain the following 26 letters each:
Aalburg
Aalburg (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈaːlbʏr(ə)x] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the southern Netherlands, in the province of North Brabant. The municipality had been formed in 1973 by the merging of the former municipalities of Eethen, Veen, and Wijk en Aalburg. On January 1, 2019 it joined Werkendam and Woudrichem in the new municipality of Altena.

Eethen
Eethen is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Altena.

The village was first mentioned in 850 as Atina. The etymology is unclear. Eethen developed on a sand hill in the Middle Ages and part of the original ring road is still visible.

The Dutch Reformed church dates from the 12th century. The tower was added in the late 14th century. In 1944, it was severely damaged in World War II fighting and was restored and reconstructed between 1948 and 1951.

Eethen was home to 310 people 1840. Eethen was a separate municipality between 1923 and 1973. It was formed by the merging of the municipalities of Drongelen, Genderen, and Meeuwen, and became a part of Aalburg in 1973.
Jayyous
Jayyus (Arabic: جيوس) is a Palestinian village near the west border of the West Bank, close to Qalqilya. It is a farming community. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the village had a population of 3,478 inhabitants in 2017.

Qalqilya
Qalqilya or Qalqiliya (Arabic: قلقيلية, romanized: Qalqīlyaḧ) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine, which serves as the administrative center of the Qalqilya Governorate. The city had a population of 51,683 in 2017. Qalqilya is surrounded by the Israeli West Bank wall, with a narrow gap in the east controlled by the Israeli military and a tunnel to the Palestinian town of Hableh. Qalqilya is under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority (as part of Area A), while remaining under Israeli military occupation.

According to Edward Henry Palmer, the name came from "a type of pomegranate", or "gurgling of water". Qalqilya was known as Calecailes in the Roman period, and Calcelie in the Frankish sources from the early Medieval times. The word "Qalqilya" might be derived from a Canaanite term which means "rounded stones or hills".
George Harold Eardley
Company Sergeant Major George Harold Eardley VC, MM (6 May 1912 – 11 September 1991) was a British Army soldier and an English recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC), the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Brother of Arnold Eardley and Elgin Eardley.

Military Medal
The Military Medal (MM) was a military decoration awarded to personnel of the British Army and other arms of the armed forces, and to personnel of other Commonwealth countries, below commissioned rank, for bravery in battle on land. The award was established in 1916, with retrospective application to 1914, and was awarded to other ranks for "acts of gallantry and devotion to duty under fire". The award was discontinued in 1993, when it was replaced by the Military Cross, which was extended to all ranks, while other Commonwealth nations instituted their own award systems in the post war period.
Long Road to Ruin
"Long Road to Ruin" is the second single from the Foo Fighters' sixth studio album Echoes, Silence, Patience & Grace. The music video was released on November 1, 2007, with the single released on December 3, 2007. The video features an appearance by actress Rashida Jones, and was directed by Jesse Peretz, who had previously collaborated with the band for "Big Me", "Learn to Fly", "The One", and "Low".

Big Me
"Big Me" is the fourth single by Foo Fighters from their self-titled debut album (1995). Released in March 1996, the song became a crossover hit for the band on pop radio, when it reached No. 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 Airplay.
Algorithmic program debugging
Algorithmic debugging (also called declarative debugging) is a debugging technique that compares the results of sub-computations with what the programmer intended. The technique constructs an internal representation of all computations and sub-computations performed during the execution of a buggy program and then asks the programmer about the correctness of such computations. By asking the programmer questions or using a formal specification, the system can identify precisely where in a program a bug is located. Debugging techniques can dramatically reduce the time and effort spent on debugging.

Debugging
In engineering, debugging is the process of finding the root cause, workarounds, and possible fixes for bugs.

For software, debugging tactics can involve interactive debugging, control flow analysis, log file analysis, monitoring at the application or system level, memory dumps, and profiling. Many programming languages and software development tools also offer programs to aid in debugging, known as debuggers.
Southend-on-Sea City Council
Southend-on-Sea City Council is the local authority of the city of Southend-on-Sea, in the ceremonial county of Essex, England. Southend has had an elected local authority since 1866, which has been reformed several times. Since 1998 the council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council; it is independent from Essex County Council

The council has been under no overall control since 2019. Since 2024 it has been led by a coalition of Labour, the Liberal Democrats and some of the independent councillors. It is based at Southend Civic Centre.

Since 2024, the government has planned to abolish the council and merge it with other parts of Essex as part of its planned reorganisation of local government in Essex in 2025.

Essex County Council
Essex County Council is the county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Essex in England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county; the non-metropolitan county excludes Southend-on-Sea and Thurrock which are both administered as separate unitary authorities. The county council has 75 councillors, elected from 70 divisions, and has been under Conservative majority control since 2001. The council meets at County Hall in the centre of Chelmsford.
Mallagnostus
Mallagnostus Howell, 1935, is a trilobite genus belonging to the family Weymouthiidae Kobayashi T. (1943), Order Agnostida Salter (1864)  according to Whittington et al. 1997. It lived during the late Lower Cambrian, with remains found in USA (New York), Canada (Newfoundland), Spain, England, Russia (Tuva, Gorno-Altayskaya), Mongolia, and the early Middle Cambrian as reported from China (Tian Shan) and Russia (Yakutia).

Weymouthiidae
The Weymouthiidae are an extinct family of eodiscinid agnostid trilobites. They lived during the late Lower Cambrian and earliest Middle Cambrian (Botomian to Delamaran) in the so-called Olenellus- and Eokochaspis-zones in the former paleocontinents of  Laurentia, Avalonia, Gondwana. The Weymouthiidae are all blind and lack free cheeks.
S. Mahinda
Venerable Sikkim Mahinda Thera (Sinhala: සිකිම් මහින්ද හිමි), commonly known as S. Mahinda Thera (Sinhala: එස්‌. මහින්ද හිමි), was an Buddhist monk from the former country Sikkim. He was a poet and author, and participated in the Sri Lankan independence movement. Although he was from Sikkim, he identified himself as a Tibetan, presumably because it was more well known in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).

S. Mahinda Thera arrived in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) at a young age and was ordained as a Buddhist monk by Ven. Dodanduwa Sri Piyaratana Tissa Mahanayake Thera. Having learned the Sinhala language, he became a poet, creating several literary works inspiring patriotism among the Sinhalese and urging them to fight for their freedom during the Sri Lankan Independence movement. He is now considered a national hero of Sri Lanka and one among the greatest of Sinhalese poetry figures of all time.

Sri Lankan independence movement
The Sri Lankan independence movement was a peaceful political movement which was aimed at achieving independence and self-rule for the country of Sri Lanka, then British Ceylon, from the British Empire. The switch of powers was generally known as peaceful transfer of power from the British administration to Ceylon representatives, a phrase that implies considerable continuity with a colonial era that lasted 400 years. It was initiated around the turn of the 20th century and led mostly by the educated middle class. It succeeded when, on 4 February 1948, Ceylon was granted independence as the Dominion of Ceylon. Dominion status within the British Commonwealth was retained for the next 24 years until 22 May 1972 when it became a republic and was renamed the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka.
Toon Express Group
Toon Express International Limited (TE Group, simplified Chinese: 动漫火车集团; traditional Chinese: 動漫火車集團; pinyin: Dòngmàn Huǒchē Jítuán) is a former operating division of Infoport Management Limited, which was headquartered in Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Before Toon Express became a part of Imagi Animation Studios, Soh Szu Wei (蘇思偉; Sū Sīwěi) was the head of Toon Express. After the buyout he became the CEO and executive director of Imagi.

Toon Express owns the copyrights of the characters in Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf, a popular Chinese cartoon. As of 2011 the company had commercial agreements with Creative Power Entertaining and Disney Enterprises. During that year, Imagi International announced that it was buying Toon Express for up to 1.05 billion Hong Kong dollars, or $130 million U.S. dollars. Imagi acquired Infoport, which included Toon Express.

Imagi Animation Studios
Imagi Animation Studios, also known as Imagi Studios, was a computer animation and visual effects studio based in Hong Kong, and established in 2000 by Imagi International Holdings Limited (SEHK: 585), a Hong Kong–based investment company.
Magnetomotive force
In physics, the magnetomotive force (abbreviated mmf or MMF, symbol ) is a quantity appearing in the equation for the magnetic flux in a magnetic circuit, Hopkinson's law. It is the property of certain substances or phenomena that give rise to magnetic fields:

where Φ is the magnetic flux and  is the reluctance of the circuit.  It can be seen that the magnetomotive force plays a role in this equation analogous to the voltage V in Ohm's law, V = IR, since it is the cause of magnetic flux in a magnetic circuit:

where N is the number of turns in a coil and I is the electric current through the coil.

where Φ is the magnetic flux and  is the magnetic reluctance

where H is the magnetizing force (the strength of the magnetizing field) and L is the mean length of a solenoid or the circumference of a toroid.

Magnetic flux
In physics, specifically electromagnetism, the magnetic flux through a surface is the surface integral of the normal component of the magnetic field B over that surface.  It is usually denoted Φ or ΦB. The SI unit of magnetic flux is the weber (Wb; in derived units, volt–seconds or V⋅s), and the CGS unit is the maxwell. Magnetic flux is usually measured with a fluxmeter, which contains measuring coils, and it calculates the magnetic flux from the change of voltage on the coils.
Abiel Abbot Low
Abiel Abbot Low (February 7, 1811 – January 7, 1893) was an American entrepreneur, businessman, illegal opium smuggler and dealer, and philanthropist who gained most of his fortune from the China trade, importing teas, porcelains, and silk, and building and operating a fleet of reputable clipper ships.

Old China Trade
The Old China Trade (Chinese: 舊中國貿易) was the early commerce between the Qing Empire and the United States under the Canton System, spanning from shortly after the end of the American Revolutionary War in 1783 to the Treaty of Wanghia in 1844. The Old China Trade represented the beginning of relations between the United States and East Asia, including eventually U.S.–China relations. The maritime fur trade was a major aspect of the Old China Trade, as was illegal trafficking in opium. The trade era overlapped the First Opium War, which resulted from an attempt by China to enforce its prohibition on opium smuggling by Western traders and blockade-runners.
Kunnamangalam Assembly constituency
Kunnamangalam State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India.  It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Kozhikode Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 Assembly elections, the current MLA is P. T. A Rahim of CPI(M).

Kerala Legislative Assembly
The Kerala Legislative Assembly, popularly known as the Kerala Niyamasabha, is the State Assembly of Kerala, one of the 28 states in India. The Assembly is formed by 140 elected representatives, one from each of the 140 constituencies within the borders of Kerala, referred to as Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).
Seed (programming)
Seed is a JavaScript interpreter and a library of the GNOME project to create standalone applications in JavaScript. It uses the JavaScript engine JavaScriptCore of the WebKit project. It is possible to easily create modules in C.

Seed is integrated in GNOME since the 2.28 version and is used by two games in the GNOME Games package. It is also used by the Web web browser for the design of its extensions. The module is also officially supported by the GTK+ project.

GTK
GTK (formerly GIMP ToolKit and GTK+) is a free open-source widget toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces (GUIs) targeted at Linux and specifically GNOME (though with some use in other desktop environments). It is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, allowing both free and proprietary software to use it.

The GTK team releases new versions on a regular basis. GTK 4 and GTK 3 are actively maintained, while GTK 2 is no longer supported. GTK 1 is independently maintained by the CinePaint project.
William Fullerton (lawyer)
William S. Fullerton (May 1, 1817 – March 8, 1900), was a New York lawyer of the 1860s to 1880s. Fullerton represented industrialists and political litigants, and was also well known for his representation of women in contested divorce cases. He briefly served on the New York State Supreme Court.

New York Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the State of New York is the superior court in the Judiciary of New York.  It is vested with unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction, although in many counties outside New York City it acts primarily as a court of civil jurisdiction, with most criminal matters handled in county courts.

New York is the only state where supreme court is a trial court rather than a court of last resort (which in New York is the Court of Appeals). Also, although it is a trial court, the Supreme Court sits as a "single great tribunal of general state-wide jurisdiction, rather than an aggregation of separate courts sitting in the several counties or judicial districts of the state." The Supreme Court is established in each of New York's 62 counties.

A separate branch of the Supreme Court called the Appellate Division serves as the highest intermediate appellate court in New York.
Scarcliffe
Scarcliffe is a village and civil parish in the Bolsover district of Derbyshire, England. It is sometimes called Scarcliffe with Palterton. The population of the parish (including the hamlets of Palterton, Rylah, Stockley, and parts of Stony Houghton and Hillstown (Bolsover)) at the 2001 UK Census was 5,211, increasing to 5,288 at the 2011 Census.

Bolsover District
Bolsover District is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. It is named after the town of Bolsover, which is near the geographic centre of the district, but the council is based in the large village of Clowne to the north. The district also includes the town of Shirebrook and several villages and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Amber Valley, North East Derbyshire, Chesterfield, Rotherham, Bassetlaw, Mansfield, and Ashfield.
Bolli Bollason
Bolli Bollason (also Bolli Bollison) was a key historical character in the Medieval Icelandic Laxdæla saga, born around 1004. He grew up in Orlygsstadir, at Helgafell on the Snæfellsnes Peninsula in Iceland.  He divided his time between Helgafell and Tunga, the home of Snorri the goði.  He was held in the highest regard among the contemporary Scandinavian rulers, and also in the Eastern Roman Empire. It is believed that he had reached the rank of manglabites in the Eastern Roman army, and on his return to Iceland, his finery and recognition earned him the name "Bolli the Elegant".

His importance in the literary context of the saga is his prominence as the son of Bolli Þorleiksson and Guðrún Ósvífursdóttir, the two central characters of the work. He is mentioned at the end of the Sneglu-Hall þáttur (The Tale of Sarcastic Halli), and is also the subject of his own tale, the Bollaþáttur, which was later appended to the end of the manuscripts in the early 14th century.

The Tale of Sarcastic Halli
The Tale of Sarcastic Halli (Icelandic Sneglu-Halla þáttur) is an Icelandic þáttr that despite being criticized for its lack of proper structure, has been praised for its strong comedic effect. The þáttr tells the tale of a battle of wits between Sarcastic (or Skinny) Halli and Thjodolf master-poet in their attempts to appeal to King Harald. The þáttr is contained in the kings' saga Morkinskinna, and an extended version exists in Flateyjarbók, which is the basis for the English translation.