hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Japanese submarine Yu 20
Yu 20 was an Imperial Japanese Army transport submarine of the Yu 1 subclass of the Yu I type. Constructed for use during the latter stages of World War II, she served in the waters of the Japanese archipelago.

Japanese archipelago
The Japanese archipelago (Japanese: 日本列島, Hepburn: Nippon/Nihon Rettō; Japanese pronunciation: [ɲip.pon/ɲi.hon ɾeꜜt.toː]) is an archipelago of 14,125 islands that form the country of Japan. It extends over 3,000 km (1,900 mi) from the Sea of Okhotsk in the northeast to the East China and Philippine seas in the southwest along the Pacific coast of the Eurasian continent, and consists of three island arcs from north to south: the Northeastern Japan Arc, the Southwestern Japan Arc, and the Ryukyu Island Arc. The Daitō Islands, the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Arc, and the Kuril Islands neighbor the archipelago.

Japan is the largest island country in East Asia and the fourth-largest island country in the world with 377,975.24 km2 (145,937.06 sq mi). It has an exclusive economic zone of 4,470,000 km2 (1,730,000 mi2).
Zoigl
Zoigl is a type of German beer brewed in the Oberpfalz, eastern Bavaria, between Franconia and the Czech Republic.

The name is believed to be derived from a Windischeschenbacher dialect pronunciation of the German word zeigen or Zeichen meaning "sign", the symbol used to advertise that the beer is available at an establishment. Its logo is composed of two component triangles represent the joining of six beer ingredients: the first triangle denoting water, fire and air; the second and inverted triangle denoting malted barley, hops, water.

Upper Palatinate
The Upper Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Oberpfalz, pronounced [ˈoːbɐˌpfalts] ⓘ, Bavarian: Obapfoiz, Owerpfolz) is an administrative district in the east of Bavaria, Germany. It consists of seven districts and 226 municipalities, including three cities.
Andrés Gabriel Ferrada Moreira
Andrés Gabriel Ferrada Moreira (born 10 June 1969) is a Chilean Catholic prelate who has served as bishop of the Diocese of San Bartolomé de Chillán since 2025. He was previously the Secretary of the Dicastery for the Clergy from 2021 to 2025. From 2006 to 2018 he worked in his native Archdiocese of Santiago de Chile, afterwards beginning service in the dicastery.

Dicastery for the Clergy
The Dicastery for the Clergy, formerly named Congregation for the Clergy (Latin: Congregatio pro Clericis; formerly the Sacred Congregation for the Clergy and Sacred Congregation of the Council), is the dicastery of the Roman Curia responsible for overseeing matters regarding priests and deacons not belonging to religious orders. The Congregation for the Clergy handles requests for dispensation from active priestly ministry, as well as the legislation governing presbyteral councils and other organisations of priests around the world. The Congregation does not deal with clerical sexual abuse cases, as those are handled exclusively by the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith.
Line Kjærsfeldt
Line Højmark Kjærsfeldt (born 20 April 1994) is a Danish badminton player specializing in singles. She was a gold medalist in the 2015 European Games and 2025 European Championships. In the juniors, she won a bronze medal at the 2010 BWF World Junior Championships in the women's doubles with Sandra-Maria Jensen.

Badminton at the 2015 European Games
Badminton at the 2015 European Games in Baku took place from 22 to 28 June 2015 at Baku Sports Hall. The competition was held over a seven-day period and include five medal events in men’s and women’s singles, men’s and women’s doubles and mixed doubles. Approximately 160 athletes competed.
Referendums in Taiwan
Referendums in Taiwan at both the national and local level are governed by the Referendum Act of Taiwan, which was enacted by the Legislative Yuan in December 2003. Citizens can propose laws via referendums at the national and local levels. The Referendum Act also allowed people to make changes or abolish laws by referendums.

The 7th amendment of the Additional Articles of the Constitution in June 2005 also moved the final ratification process for future constitutional amendment and national territory alternation into a form of referendum. These referendum has a higher bar of proposing and approval set directly by the Constitution outside of the Referendum Act.

Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China
The Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China are the revisions and amendments to the original constitution of the Republic of China to "meet the requisites of the nation prior to national unification", taking into account the democratic reforms and current political status of Taiwan. The Additional Articles are usually attached after the original constitution as a separate document. It also has its own preamble and article ordering different from the original constitution.

The Additional Articles has been part of the fundamental law of the present government of the Republic of China on Taiwan since 1991, and were last amended in 2005. The Additional Articles will sunset in the event the Republic of China regains control of the Mainland Area.
Leominster and Kington Railway
Leominster and Kington Railway was one of four branches which served the Welsh Marches border town of Kington, Herefordshire.

Opened in August 1857, its peak was during World War II, when it served two US Army hospitals. Declining after the war due to competition from buses, it closed to passengers in 1955, and to freight from 1964.

Today, a 1-mile (1.6 km) section is preserved at Titley Junction railway station.

Titley Junction railway station
Titley Junction railway station was a station in Titley, Herefordshire, England. The station was located nearly 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Titley village.

The station was opened in 1856 and closed completely in 1964. Immediately to the east of the station, the line split for trains traveling south to Eardisley (at least until 1940, when that portion of the line closed) and north-west to Presteigne, Wales. Since closure the station has been restored with track reinstated as a short private railway.

Charles Beeks started his GWR career at Titley Junction as a porter before joining the Royal Flying Corps. For his service in the trenches, Charles Beeks was awarded the Mons Star and King Albert’s Belgian Cross. He received the Distinguished Flying Medal for his flying heroism. He never returned back to the railway and settled in Oxfordshire, the family and relatives still continued to live in Herefordshire and Worcestershire.
Gyrano Kerk
Gyrano Emilio Kerk (born 2 December 1995) is a  professional footballer who plays as a right winger for Belgian Pro League club Royal Antwerp. Born in the Netherlands, he plays for the Suriname national team.

Royal Antwerp F.C.
Royal Antwerp Football Club (commonly referred to as Royal Antwerp or simply Antwerp) is a Belgian professional football club based in the city of Antwerp. They compete in the Belgian Pro League, the top flight of Belgian football. Founded in 1880, Royal Antwerp is considered to be the oldest football club in Belgium.

The team has won the Belgian league title five times and the Belgian Cup four times, including a domestic double in 2022–23. In European competitions, it reached the final of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1992–93 and qualified for the UEFA Champions League group stage for the first time in 2023.

The club's home colours are red and white and, since 1923, they have played their home games at Bosuilstadion in the Deurne district of Antwerp.
Tom Copley
Tom Phillip Copley (born 11 May 1985) is a British Labour Party and Co-operative Party politician, serving as the Deputy Mayor of London for Housing and Residential Development. He served as a London wide member of the London Assembly from 2012 to 2020 and is a former councillor on Lewisham Council.

Lewisham London Borough Council
Lewisham London Borough Council, also known as Lewisham Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Lewisham in Greater London, England. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2010. It has been led by a directly elected mayor since 2002. The council meets at Lewisham Town Hall in the Catford area of the borough.
Charles J. Pedersen
Charles John Pedersen (Japanese: 安井 良男, Yasui Yoshio, October 3, 1904 – October 26, 1989) was an American organic chemist best known for discovering crown ethers and describing methods of synthesizing them during his entire 42-year career as a chemist for DuPont at DuPont Experimental Station in Wilmington, Delaware, and at DuPont's Jackson Laboratory in Deepwater, New Jersey. Often associated with Reed McNeil Izatt, Pedersen also shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1987 with Donald J. Cram and Jean-Marie Lehn. He is one of three Nobel Prize laureates born in Korea, along with Peace Prize laureate Kim Dae-jung and Literature laureate Han Kang.

Pedersen made many other discoveries in chemistry, such as discovering and developing metal deactivators. His early investigations also led to the development of a dramatically improved process for manufacturing tetraethyl lead, an important gasoline additive. He also contributed to the development of neoprene.

Reed McNeil Izatt
Reed McNeil Izatt (October 10, 1926 – October 29, 2023) was an American chemist who was emeritus Charles E. Maw Professor of Chemistry at Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah. His field of research was macrocyclic chemistry and metal separation technologies.
Philippine Daily Inquirer
The Philippine Daily Inquirer (PDI), or simply the Inquirer, is an English-language newspaper in the Philippines. Founded in 1985, it is often regarded as the Philippines' newspaper of record. The newspaper is the most awarded broadsheet in the Philippines and the multimedia group, called The Inquirer Group, reaches 54 million people across several platforms.

Manila Bulletin
The Manila Bulletin (PSE: MB) (also known as the Bulletin and previously known as the Manila Daily Bulletin from 1906 to September 23, 1972, and the Bulletin Today from November 22, 1972, to March 10, 1986) is the Philippines' largest English language broadsheet newspaper by circulation. Founded in 1900, it is the second-oldest extant newspaper published in the Philippines and the second-oldest extant English newspaper in the Far East. It bills itself as "The Nation's Leading Newspaper", which is its official slogan.

According to a survey done by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, Manila Bulletin is considered as of 2021 to early 2022 "one of the most trusted news organizations"; placing 2nd with 66% of Filipinos trusting the organization.
Aleksandr Feklisov
Aleksandr Semyonovich Feklisov (Russian: Александр Семёнович Феклисов; 9 March 1914 – 26 October 2007) was a Soviet spy, the NKVD Case Officer who handled Julius Rosenberg and Klaus Fuchs, among others.

Agent handling
In intelligence organizations, agent handling is the management of so-called agents (called secret agents or spies in common parlance), principal agents, and agent networks (called "assets") by intelligence officers typically known as case officers.
John W. Dower
John W. Dower (born June 21, 1938, in Providence, Rhode Island) is an American author and historian. His 1999 book Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II won the U.S. National Book Award for Nonfiction, the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, the Bancroft Prize, the Los Angeles Times Book Prize, the Mark Lynton History Prize, and the John K. Fairbank Prize of the American Historical Association.

Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction
The Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are awarded annually for the "Letters, Drama, and Music" category. The award is given to a nonfiction book written by an American author and published during the preceding calendar year that is ineligible for any other Pulitzer Prize. The Prize has been awarded since 1962; beginning in 1980, one to three finalists have been announced alongside the winner.
Fredrikke Nielsen
Fredrikke Louise Nielsen (born Fredrikke Louise Jensen July 5, 1837, in Haugesund, died July 7, 1912, in Bergen), was a popular Norwegian actress and a women's pioneer. She played more than 300 roles in her twenty-six-year-long career, and was personally directed by both Henrik Ibsen and Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson. Ibsen chose her to play Signe, one of the lead characters in The Feast at Solhaug (1856), which was his first audience success. In 1880, Nielsen left the stage and joined the Methodist Movement in Bergen. She now became a preacher, first in Scandinavia, and later in the United States. She felt a strong social commitment and used the pulpit for preaching other topics than religion, such as women's and children's rights.

Fredrikke Nielsen was married to actor Harald Nielsen. She is also the great-grandmother of artist Gunnar Haugland.

Harald Nielsen
Harald Ingemann Nielsen (26 October 1941 – 11 August 2015) was a Danish footballer who played as a forward. He played professionally for Italian club Bologna F.C. where he was the league top scorer (capocannoniere) in Bologna's 1964 Serie A championship winning season. Harald Nielsen played 14 games for the Denmark national team in 1959 and 1960, scoring 15 goals, and he was known as Guld-Harald (Gold-Harald). He was a football entrepreneur having continuously worked for the professionalization of both the Demark national team and the national league.
Quintus Servilius Caepio (quaestor 103 BC)
Quintus Servilius Caepio was a Roman patrician, statesman and soldier. He was the son of Quintus Servilius Caepio who was consul in 106 BCE and who lost his army during the Battle of Arausio (Caepio the Younger served under his father at Arausio). He was elected praetor some time in the last 90s BC and fought for Rome during the Social War. He was killed in the second year of the war while fighting the Marsi by Quintus Poppaedius Silo.

Praetor
Praetor (/ˈpriːtər/ PREE-tər, Classical Latin: [ˈprae̯tɔr]), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected magistratus (magistrate), assigned to discharge various duties. The functions of the magistracy, the praetura (praetorship), are described by the adjective itself: the praetoria potestas (praetorian power), the praetorium imperium (praetorian authority), and the praetorium ius (praetorian law), the legal precedents established by the praetores (praetors). Praetorium, as a substantive, denoted the location from which the praetor exercised his authority, either the headquarters of his castra, the courthouse (tribunal) of his judiciary, or the city hall of his provincial governorship. The minimum age for holding the praetorship was 39 during the Roman Republic, but it was later changed to 30 in the early Empire.
Balram Naik
Porika  Balram Naik known as Balram Naik (born 6 June 1964) is an Indian politician from the state of Telangana belonging to the Indian National Congress party He was a member of the 15th Lok Sabha, Lower House of the Parliament of India. and a member of the 15th and 18th Lok Sabha representing the Mahabubabad constituency. He also served as a Minister of State in the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment under prime minister Manmohan Singh from 28 October 2012 until 26 May 2014.

15th Lok Sabha
Members of the 15th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2009 general election in India. It was dissolved on 18 May 2014 by President Pranab Mukherjee.

Indian National Congress-led United Progressive Alliance won 44 more seats than the previous 14th Lok Sabha. The next 16th Lok Sabha was convened after 2014 Indian general election.

The Second Manmohan Singh ministry introduced a total of 222 Bills (apart from Finance and Appropriations Bills) in the 15th Lok Sabha. A total of 165 Bills were passed by the House, including bills introduced in previous Lok Sabhas.

14 sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 15th Lok Sabha after the 2009 Indian general election.
Askar Askarov
Askar Saypulayevich Askarov (Russian: Аскар Сайпулаевич Аскаров; born October 9, 1992) is a Russian professional mixed martial artist and freestyle wrestler who competes in the Flyweight division of Absolute Championship Akhmat (ACA). A professional since 2013, Askarov previously competed in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and Absolute Championship Berkut (ACB), where he is a former ACB Flyweight Champion. Askarov is also a 2017 Summer Deaflympics 61 kg freestyle wrestling gold medalist.

Absolute Championship Akhmat
Absolute Championship Akhmat (ACA), formerly known as Absolute Championship Berkut (ACB), is a Russian mixed martial arts, kickboxing, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu organization and one of the leading promotions in Europe. To date, most events have been hosted in Grozny, Chechnya. ACA has also held events in other Russian cities, as well as in Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, England, France, Georgia, Germany, Italy, Kazakhstan, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Scotland, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates and the United States.
John Landor
John Landor is conductor and music director of the London Musical Arts Orchestra. He studied at Oxford University, the Royal Academy of Music in London and the St Petersburg Conservatory under conducting teacher Ilya Musin. A semi-finalist in the Besançon International Conductors' Competition in 1991, he has conducted orchestras, choirs and opera companies in Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, Russia, Germany, France, Romania and South Africa. His recordings include releases for Pickwick Records. He is an Associate of the Royal Academy of Music, London and has presented a series at St Martin-in-the-Fields, London since 1992. John is also a composer, arranger and an experienced and popular presenter of educational concerts for both children and adults, including the Mini Maestro Family Concert and Meet-the-Music series at St Martin-in-the-Fields.

Ilya Musin (conductor)
Ilya Aleksandrovich Musin (Russian: Илья́ Алекса́ндрович Му́син, IPA: [ɪˈlʲja ɐlʲɪˈksandrəvʲɪtɕ ˈmusʲɪn]; 6 January 1904 [O.S. 24 December 1903] – 6 June 1999) was a Soviet and Russian conductor, music teacher and a theorist of conducting.
Touristic Eastern Express
The Touristic Eastern Express (Turkish: Turistik Doğu Ekspresi) is a scenic passenger train operated by the TCDD Taşımacılık. The train runs from December to March eastward 1,365 km (848 mi) from Ankara railway station to Kars railway station. The train service debuted on 29 May 2019 with an official ceremony attended by government ministers. The service was established as an alternative to the regular Eastern Express, which runs the same line but was mostly sold-out weeks in advance in recent years for sightseeing purposes.

Ankara railway station
Ankara railway station (Turkish: Ankara Garı) is the main railway station in Ankara, Turkey, and is a major transportation hub within the city. The station is on the rail corridor which connects east and west Turkey, which is high speed between Istanbul and Sivas. Ankara station is also a hub for YHT high-speed trains, with its own exclusive platforms and concourse. TCDD Taşımacılık also operates intercity train service to Kars, Tatvan and Kurtalan as well as Başkentray commuter rail service.

Located within the historic Ulus quarter, the station is a landmark of the city. In 2016, a new building was opened above the YHT platforms known as Ankara Tren Garı (ATG). The ATG building serves as a hub for high-speed rail with its own concourse containing information and tickets booths, waiting rooms and a VIP lounge, and is connected to the rest of the station via a skybridge.
Zhong Kui
Zhong Kui (Chinese: 鍾馗; pinyin: Zhōng Kuí, in Japanese: Shōki) is a Taoist deity in Chinese mythology, traditionally regarded as a vanquisher of ghosts and evil beings. He is depicted as a large man with a big black beard, bulging eyes, and a wrathful expression. Zhong Kui is able to command 80,000 demons to do his bidding and is often associated with the five bats of fortune.  Worship and iconography of Zhong Kui later spread to other East Asian countries.

In art, Zhong Kui is a frequent subject in paintings and crafts, and his image is often painted on household gates as a guardian spirit as well as in places of business where high-value goods are involved. He is also commonly portrayed in popular media.

Wufu
Wufu (Chinese: 五福), meaning the five blessings, is a concept that signify a grouping of certain good fortunes and luck in Chinese culture.

The number five is regarded as an auspicious number in Chinese traditions and closely associated with the Five Elements (Wu Xing, Chinese: 五行), which are essential for a good life as well as the basic organisational principle in Chinese thought. As a result, the number five appears ubiquitously as in the Five Blessings.
Thylane Blondeau
Thylane Léna-Rose Loubry Blondeau (born 5 April 2001) is a French model. Blondeau started modeling at a very young age, and in 2006, was elected "Most Beautiful Girl in The World" by Vogue Enfants. She has modeled for many designers, including Dolce & Gabbana, L'Oréal and Versace.

In 2018, she founded her own clothing brand, Heaven May, and topped TC Candler's "100 Most Beautiful Faces."

L'Oréal
L'Oréal S.A. (French: [lɔʁe.al]) is a French multinational personal care corporation registered in Paris and headquartered in Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine. As of 2024, it is the world's largest cosmetics company. As of the early 2020s, L'Oréal owned 36 brands and 497 patents.
Knut Aalefjær
Knut Aalefjær (born 21 December 1974 in Bærum) is a Norwegian jazz musician (drums and percussion), and composer, educated at the Norwegian Academy of Music. He is known as an eminent drummer who provide significant contributions in the Helge Lien Trio, the band Geir Lysne Listening Ensemble, with the vocalist Live Maria Roggen, the band of Kristin Asbjørnsen (known from Dadafon, Krøyt, and Nymark Collective), and many others.

Live Maria Roggen
Live Maria Roggen (born 22 March 1970) is a Norwegian jazz singer, songwriter, and composer.

Roggen was born in Oslo and educated at Foss High School (violin and vocals). She studied sociology and musicology intermediate at the University of Oslo and Jazz Line at Trøndelag Conservatory of Music (NTNU) (1995–1998). She worked as a jazz and singing teacher at the Sund folkehøgskole, Høgskolen in Agder (music conservatory) and at Trøndelag Conservatory of Music (NTNU). Since 2006, associate professor, and since 2012 has been professor of jazz singing at the Norwegian Academy of Music. She is the older sister of the twin sisters Ane Carmen and Ida Roggen from the Norwegian vocal band Pitsj.
PDXS
PDXS was a biweekly tabloid newspaper in Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon from 1991 to 1998. It was founded by Jim Redden, previously a reporter with Willamette Week and subsequently with the Portland Tribune, and his brother Bill Redden, who went on to become a public defender. PDXS focused on arts and culture, as well as news coverage (typically exposé journalism and conspiracy theory.)

PDXS was one of several "local culture" periodicals that launched in the early 1990s, alongside Face Value, Art Rag, Paperback Jukebox, Snipehunt, Metropolis, and Plazm, alongside Reflex, which was published in nearby Seattle and covered the Portland art scene.

Willamette Week
Willamette Week (WW) is an alternative weekly newspaper and a website published in Portland, Oregon, United States, since 1974. It features reports on local news, politics, sports, business, and culture.