hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Herman Bendell
Dr. Herman Bendell (October 28, 1843 – November 14, 1932) was an American physician active during and after the American Civil War, serving with both the 6th New York Heavy Artillery and the 86th New York Infantry. Dr. Bendell served with the Army of the Potomac, the Sheridan Campaign, and in the Shenandoah Valley. Following George L. Andrews, he served as the last Superintendent of Indian Affairs of the Arizona Territory.

6th New York Heavy Artillery Regiment
The 6th Regiment New York Heavy Artillery, U.S. Volunteers, the "Anthony Wayne Guard", was an artillery regiment of the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was originally mustered in as the 135th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment, and served as both artillery and infantry.
Taiwo Atieno
Opiyo Taiwo Leo Atieno Awounda (born 6 August 1985) is a former professional footballer. Born in England, he represented Kenya in the qualifiers for the FIFA World Cup 2010 and the African cup of Nations. He previously played in the Football League for Walsall, Rochdale, Chester City, Darlington, Torquay United and Barnet and in the USL First Division for the Puerto Rico Islanders and Rochester Rhinos. He first appeared for the Kenya national team in June 2009.

Kenya national football team
The Kenya national football team (Swahili: Timu ya Taifa ya Kandanda ya Kenya), colloquially known as the Harambee Stars, represents Kenya in association football. It is controlled by the Football Kenya Federation, the governing body of football in Kenya, and competes as a member of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) and the Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations (CECAFA). The team plays its home games primarily at the Nyayo National Stadium in the capital, Nairobi.
Mary English (mycologist)
Mary Phyllis English (10 April 1919 – 11 October 2009) was a British mycologist and historian. Her first career was in medical mycology, researching fungal infections such as tinea pedis (Athlete's foot) as well as zoonotic fungal transmissions. Following her retirement from the laboratory, she devoted her time to historical research; specialising in the history of science, social history and biographies of notable scientists.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Bilal Fawaz
Bilal Kelvin Fawaz (born 3 April 1988) is a stateless professional boxer born in Nigeria. He has held the British and Commonwealth super-welterweight titles since February 2026. As an amateur Fawaz was Amateur Boxing Association of England light-middleweight champion and represented England internationally six times. He is variously credited as Bilal Fawaz or Kelvin Fawaz and in artistic output as NaijaBoy and as State Lezz.

England Boxing
England Boxing, known until 2013 as the Amateur Boxing Association of England, is the leading governing body of amateur boxing clubs in England. There are separate organisations for Scotland and Wales with boxing in Northern Ireland being organised on an All-Ireland basis. The Association was founded in 1880.
Fritillaria ojaiensis
Fritillaria ojaiensis is a rare species of fritillary known by the common name Ojai fritillary.

This wildflower is endemic to California, USA, with a discontinuous distribution in northwestern and west-central parts of the state. It occurs in the western Transverse Ranges of Monterey, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura Counties, including the Santa Ynez Mountains, and the southern Santa Lucia Mountains. Additional populations have been found along the coast of Mendocino County approximately 400 miles to the north.

The plant is named for the City of Ojai in Ventura County.

Ventura County, California
Ventura County (/vɛnˈtʊərə/ ⓘ) is a county located in the southern part of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 843,843. The largest city is Oxnard, California, and the county seat is the city of Ventura, California.

Ventura County comprises the Oxnard–Thousand Oaks–Ventura, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Greater Los Angeles area (Los Angeles–Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area). It is also considered the southernmost county along the California Central Coast.

Two of the Channel Islands are part of the county: Anacapa Island, which is the most visited island in Channel Islands National Park, and San Nicolas Island.
Rockcreek, Oregon
Rockcreek is a census-designated place in Washington County, Oregon, United States, north of U.S. Route 26. It is named for the Rock Creek neighborhood in the area. As of the 2020 census, Rockcreek had a population of 9,862.
Named for Rock Creek, a tributary of the Tualatin River, that flows north to south through the neighborhood.

U.S. Route 26 in Oregon
U.S. Route 26 (US 26) is a major cross-state United States Numbered Highway with its western terminus in the U.S. state of Oregon, connecting US 101 on the Oregon Coast near Seaside with the Idaho state line east of Nyssa. Local highway names include the Sunset Highway No. 47, Mount Hood Highway No. 26, and John Day Highway No. 5 before continuing into Idaho and beyond.
Abel Underwood
Abel Underwood (April 8, 1799 – April 22, 1879) was a Vermont lawyer, judge, and politician.  A Whig and later a Republican, he was most notable for his service as United States Attorney for the District of Vermont (1849-1853) and a judge of the Vermont Circuit Court (1854-1857).

A native of Bradford, Vermont, Underwood attended the academy in Royalton, Vermont to prepare for a university education, and graduated from Dartmouth College in 1824.  He read law with Isaac Fletcher, attained admission to the bar in 1827, and practiced in Wells River, Vermont.  A Whig, he served as State's Attorney of Orange County (1838-1839, 1840-1841), U.S. Attorney during the presidencies of Zachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore (1849-1853), and a judge of the Vermont Circuit Court from 1854 until the court was abolished in 1857.  He became a Republican when the party was founded in the 1850s, and served in the Vermont House of Representatives from 1861 to 1862. Underwood died in Wells River in 1879.

Reading law
Reading law was the primary method used in common law countries, particularly the United States, for people to prepare for and enter the legal profession before the advent of law schools. In Commonwealth countries, becoming an articled clerk was a similar practice.

It consisted of an extended internship or apprenticeship under the tutelage or mentoring of an experienced lawyer. The practice largely died out in the early 20th century. A few U.S. states, namely California, Maine, New York, Vermont, Virginia and Washington, still permit people to become lawyers by reading law instead of attending some or all of law school, although the practice is uncommon.

In this sense, "reading law" specifically refers to a means of entering the profession, although in England it is still customary to say that a university undergraduate is "reading" a course, which may be law or any other.
Journey to the East
Journey to the East is a short novel by German author Hermann Hesse. It was first published in German in 1932 as Die Morgenlandfahrt. This novel came directly after his biggest international success, Narcissus and Goldmund. The first English translation was published in 1956.

Narcissus and Goldmund
Narcissus and Goldmund (German: Narziß und Goldmund, pronounced [naʁˈtsɪs ʔʊnt ˈɡɔltmʊnt]), also published in English as Death and the Lover, is a novel written by the German-Swiss author Hermann Hesse. Published in 1930, at the time of publication Narcissus and Goldmund was considered Hesse's literary triumph; chronologically, it follows Steppenwolf.
Szombathelyi Haladás
Szombathelyi Haladás (Hungarian: [ˈsombɒthɛji ˈhɒlɒdaːʃ]), is a Hungarian football club based in Szombathely. Haladás is the Hungarian word for progress. The club, which was founded in 1919, plays its home games at the Haladás Sportkomplexum which has a capacity of 8,903. The club colours are green and white.

Haladás reached the Hungarian Cup final in the years 1975, 1993 and 2002. Since its first promotion in 1936 the club has spent 51 seasons in the first division of the Hungarian league, the Nemzeti Bajnokság I (NB I).

Magyar Kupa
The Hungarian Cup (Hungarian: Magyar Kupa, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈkupɒ]), officially known as MOL Magyar Kupa for sponsorship reasons, is the Hungarian cup competition for football clubs. It was started by the Hungarian Football Association, in 1909, eight years after the commencement of the Hungarian League.

Besides all of the professional clubs of Hungary numerous amateur sides take part every year. These have to qualify through local cup competitions.

The most successful participant in the Magyar Kupa has been Ferencváros with 24 wins, followed by local rivals MTK with 12 cups. The current holder is Paks, having won their 1st title in 2024.
Bilge Su Koyun
Women's association football portal

Bilge Su Koyun (born 3 July 1999) is a footballer who plays as a midfielder for Turkish Women's Super League club Fatih Vatan Spor. Born in Turkey, she represents Azerbaijan internationally. She previously played for her country of birth at under-17 and under-19 levels.

Turkey women's national under-17 football team
The Turkey women's national under-17 football team (Turkish: Türkiye 17 Yaş Altı Kız Millî Futbol Takımı) is the national under-17 football team of Turkey and is governed by the Turkish Football Federation.
Freeheld (2007 film)
Freeheld is a 2007 documentary film directed by Cynthia Wade. It chronicles the story of Laurel Hester in her fight against the Ocean County, New Jersey Board of Chosen Freeholders to give her earned pension benefits to her partner, Stacie. On February 24, 2008, it won the Oscar for Best Documentary Short Subject. The documentary also won a Special Jury Prize at the Sundance Film Festival in 2007.

Freeheld has played in over 50 festivals worldwide and has earned 14 festival awards. The film had its US broadcast premiere in June 2008 on Cinemax.  A film based on the documentary, starring Elliot Page and Julianne Moore, was released in October 2015.

Same-sex relationship
A same-sex relationship, also known as same-gender relationship is a romantic or sexual relationship between people of the same sex or gender.

Some couples in same-sex relationships have children, both biological or non-biological, such as adoptive or foster children, and are parenting them with their partner.

Same-gender or same-sex marriage refers to the institutionalized recognition of such relationships in the form of a marriage; civil unions exist in some countries where same-sex marriage does not.
Southern white-breasted hedgehog
The southern white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor), sometimes referred to as white-bellied hedgehog or white-chested hedgehog, is a hedgehog native to Eastern Europe and Southwestern Asia. These hedgehogs are becomingly increasingly popular as pets in the United States and Iran.

European hedgehog
The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus), also known as the West European hedgehog or common hedgehog, is a hedgehog species native to Europe from Iberia and Italy northwards into Scandinavia and westwards into Ireland. It is a generally common and widely distributed species that can survive across a wide range of habitat types. It is a well-known species, and a favourite in European gardens, both for its endearing appearance and its preference for eating a range of garden pests. While populations are currently stable across much of its range, it is declining severely in Great Britain, where it is now Red Listed, meaning that it is considered to be at risk of local extinction. Outside its native range the species was introduced to New Zealand during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Daru railway station
Daru Station (DAR) is a class III/small train station located in Daru, Jambe, Tangerang, 44 km west of Tanah Abang. The station, which is located at an altitude of +50 meters, only serves KRL Commuter Line routes.

Only one KRL Commuter Line service stops at this station, which is the Tanah Abang-Serpong-Tigaraksa-Rangkasbitung line.

KAI Commuter Rangkasbitung Line
The Rangkasbitung Line (also known as KRL Commuterline Tanah Abang–Rangkasbitung), officially the Rangkasbitung Commuter Line, is a commuter rail line in Indonesia, operated by PT Kereta Commuter Indonesia (KCI). The line connects Tanah Abang station in Central Jakarta and Rangkasbitung station in Lebak Regency, Banten. On maps and diagrams, the line is shown using the color "green" ( ). Tanah Abang–Rangkasbitung line is the longest and fourth busiest line in the KRL Commuterline system.
Kelly Zeeman
Kelly Zeeman (born 19 November 1993) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder or centre-back.

Zeeman spent most of her career at Eredivisie club Ajax, and also played for the Netherlands national team, being part of the winning Netherlands team at UEFA Women's Euro 2017.

Eredivisie (women)
The Vrouwen Eredivisie (pronounced [ˈvrɑu̯ən ˈeːrədiˌvizi]; Dutch for "Women's Honour Division"; known as the Eredivisie Vrouwen before 2020), also known as the Eurojackpot Vrouwen Eredivisie due to a sponsorship contract, is the highest women's football league in the Netherlands. Organised by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB), it was established in 2007 as a professional league and played for five seasons until 2012, when the Netherlands and Belgium merged their leagues into a single combined league, the BeNe League. After three seasons, the BeNe League folded, and the Eredivisie restarted in the 2015–16 season. The top two Eredivisie teams each year qualify for the UEFA Women's Champions League. The third place team qualifies for the UEFA Women's Europa Cup.
Charlie Wilson (Texas politician)
Charles Nesbitt Wilson (June 1, 1933 – February 10, 2010) was an American politician and  naval officer who was a 12-term Democratic Representative from Texas's 2nd congressional district. Wilson is best known for leading Congress into supporting Operation Cyclone, the largest-ever Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) covert operation, which during the Carter and Reagan administrations supplied military equipment to the Afghan Mujahideen during the Soviet–Afghan War. His behind-the-scenes campaign was the subject of the non-fiction book Charlie Wilson's War: The Extraordinary Story of the Largest Covert Operation in History by George Crile III and the subsequent film Charlie Wilson's War, in which he was portrayed by Tom Hanks.

George Crile III
George Washington Crile III (March 5, 1945 – May 15, 2006) was an American journalist most closely associated with his three decades of work at CBS News. He specialized in dangerous and controversial subjects, resulting in both praise and controversy. He received an Emmy Award, Peabody Award, and Edward R. Murrow Award.
Body kit
A body kit or bodykit is a set of modified body parts or additional components that are installed on a car. They are typically composed of front and rear bumpers, side skirts, spoilers, bonnets (bonnet scoop), and sometimes front and rear side guards and roof scoops. There are many companies that offer alternatives to the original factory appearance of the vehicle. Body kit components are designed to complement each other and work together as a complete design, but often owners will 'mix and match' pieces from different body kits.

Automotive body kits are usually constructed of either fiberglass, polyurethane, or in some cases metal or carbon fiber. Fiberglass is cheap and widely available, although it can crack upon impact. Polyurethane is popular because it is flexible and thus more resistant to damage. Carbon fiber body kits are rarer, due to the cost of the materials.

Bumper (car)
A bumper is a structure attached to or integrated with the front and rear ends of a motor vehicle, to absorb impact in a minor collision, ideally minimizing repair costs. Stiff metal bumpers appeared on automobiles as early as 1904 that had a mainly ornamental function. Numerous developments, improvements in materials and technologies, as well as greater focus on functionality for protecting vehicle components and improving safety have changed bumpers over the years. Bumpers ideally minimize height mismatches between vehicles and protect pedestrians from injury. Regulatory measures have been enacted to reduce vehicle repair costs and, more recently, impact on pedestrians.
Institut d'Égypte
The Institut d'Égypte or Egyptian Scientific Institute is a scientific institute and research center in Cairo, Egypt. It specializes in Egyptology. The institute was established in 1798 and is the second oldest scientific institute in Egypt, after Al-Azhar University.

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.
Johann Jakob Hess
Johann Jakob Hess (also Jean Jaques Hess; Freiburg im Üechtland, (Fr. Fribourg), Switzerland, 11 January 1866 – Zurich,  Switzerland, 29 April 1949), was a Swiss Egyptologist and Assyriologist and an expert in other Oriental languages.

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.
Anand (writer)
P. Sachidanandan (born 1936), who uses the pseudonym Anand, is an Indian writer, writing primarily in Malayalam. He is one of the known living intellectuals in India. His works are noted for their philosophical flavor, historical context and their humanism. He is a recipient of the Sahitya Akademi Award and three Kerala Sahitya Akademi Awards (story, novel, and scholarly literature). He is also a recipient of Ezhuthachan Puraskaram, Vayalar Award, Odakkuzhal Award, Muttathu Varkey Award, Vallathol Award and Yashpal Award. He did not accept the Yashpal Award and the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel.

Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Scholarly Literature
The Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Scholarly Literature is an award given every year by the Kerala Sahitya Akademi (Kerala Literary Academy) to Malayalam writers for writing scholarly literature (science literature) of literary merit. It is one of the twelve categories of the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award.
Manasi Scott
Manasi Scott is an Indian singer, songwriter, and an actress. Manasi is best known for her live performances and for composing "Khatti Meethi" for Sanjay Gupta's Acid Factory. In 2018, she played the female protagonist in ALTBalaji's web series Baby Come Naa as Sophie opposite Shreyas Talpade.

ALTT
ALTT, formerly ALTBalaji, was an Indian subscription based video on demand platform and a wholly owned subsidiary of Balaji Telefilms. Launched on 16 April 2017, ALTBalaji became Balaji Telefilms' foray into the digital entertainment sphere to create original OTT content.

In July 2025, it was banned by the government of India citing obscenity. Balaji Telefilms went onto replace ALTT with Kutingg, a family friendly streaming platform.
Rasam (dish)
Rasam, (Tamil:  ரசம்) saaru, chaaru, chaatambde or saatramudhu (Tamil:  சாற்றமுது) is a spicy South Indian soup-like dish.  It is usually served as a side dish with rice. In a traditional South Indian meal, it is part of a course that includes sambar rice. Rasam has a distinct taste in comparison to sambar due to its own seasoning ingredients and is watery in consistency. Chilled prepared versions are marketed commercially as well as rasam paste in bottles.

An Anglo-Indian variety of rasam is the soup-like dish mulligatawny whose name is derived from the Tamil word milagu thanni.

Dal
In Indian cuisine, dal (also spelled daal or dhal  pronunciation: [d̪aːl]) are dried, split pulses (e.g., lentils, peas, and beans) that do not require soaking before cooking. India is the largest producer of pulses in the world. The term is also used for various soups prepared from these pulses. These pulses are among the leading  staple foods in South Asian countries, and form an important part of the cuisines of the Indian subcontinent.
Chris Biller
Chris Biller (born October 10, 1985 in Concord, California) is an American rugby union player who currently plays for San Francisco Golden Gate RFC.

Chris began playing rugby for San Francisco Golden Gate, following his collegiate career with the California Golden Bears. He was named to the Collegiate All-Americans before his debut on the Men's National Team vs Ireland in May 2009 which he scored a try.

In November 2011 Bath Rugby signed him on a short-term contract to cover for injured players. Biller found little playing time with Bath as injured players quickly recovered. His contract expired in February 2012 and in March 2012 Biller signed a short-term contract with Northampton Saints. Biller then moved back to California to play with his former club, SFGG for the 2013 season.

San Francisco Golden Gate RFC
San Francisco Golden Gate Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club based in San Francisco, California. SFGG's first side competes in the Northern California Rugby Football Union's Men's Division I, Women's Division II, and Pacific Rugby Premiership.  The SFGG Youth Program includes high school Varsity, Junior Varsity, Frosh-Soph teams as well as U-12, U-10 and U-8 (non-contact) youth teams. SFGG also fields nationally competitive Rugby Sevens squads over the summer.  The SFGG Old Boys team, the Señors, feature in occasional matches.
1910 Ilkeston by-election
The 1910 Ilkeston by-election was a Parliamentary by-election in the constituency of Ilkeston in Derbyshire. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system. The by-election was held on 7 March 1910.

UK parliamentary by-elections
In the United Kingdom, a parliamentary by-election occurs following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons. They are often seen as a test of the rival political parties' fortunes between general elections.
William G. Allman
William G. "Bill" Allman (born 1952) is an American historian who was the seventh White House curator, first appointed by President George W. Bush. He served as both the head of the White House Office of the Curator and as a spokesperson for the office's initiatives.

White House Office of the Curator
The White House Office of the Curator is charged with the conservation and study of the collection of fine art, furniture, and decorative objects used to furnish both the public and private rooms of the White House as an official residence and as an accredited historic house museum.

The office began in 1961 during the administration of President John F. Kennedy while First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy oversaw the restoration of the White House. The office is located in the ground floor of the White House Executive Residence. The office, headed by the curator of the White House, includes an associate curator, an assistant curator, and a curatorial assistant. The office works with the chief usher, the Committee for the Preservation of the White House, and the White House Historical Association.

The most recent White House curator is Donna Hayashi Smith, appointed in May 2024. Previously it was Lydia Tederick, appointed in 2017.