hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
DK-10
The DK-10 missile (Chinese: 地空-10) is a surface-to-air missile (SAM) developed by Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC), as part of the Sky Dragon 50, Tianlong-50 (Chinese: 天龙50), or GAS2, air defense system, jointly developed by AVIC and China North Industries Corporation (Norinco). As a competitor to the HQ-16 (LY-80) medium-range air defense system, it lost the bid against the HQ-16 for the Chinese People's Liberation Army service as the HQ-16 was selected. Later, it was exported by Norinco for foreign armed forces.

HQ-16
The HQ-16 (simplified Chinese: 红旗-16; traditional Chinese: 紅旗-16; pinyin: Hóng Qí-16; lit. 'Red Banner-16'; NATO reporting name: CH-SA-16) is a Chinese medium-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) developed by the Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology (SAST) of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC). It is derived from earlier versions of the Russian Buk missile system.
Anūnatvāpurnatvanirdeśa
The Anūnatvāpūrṇatvanirdeśaparivarta (AAN, Sanskrit, The Chapter on the Teaching of Neither Deficiency Nor Fullness), also known as the Sutra of Non-increase and Non-decrease (Chinese: 不增不減經) is a short Mahayana text belonging to the tathāgatagarbha class of Mahayana sutras. The main topic of the sutra is the nature of the Buddhist cosmos (the "realm of sentient beings", Skt. sattvadhātu) and its relationship with ultimate reality (dharmakāya, tathāgatagarbha, etc).

Dharmakāya
The dharmakāya (Sanskrit: धर्म काय, "truth body" or "reality body", Chinese: 法身; pinyin: fǎshēn, Tibetan: ཆོས་སྐུ་, Wylie: chos sku) is one of the three bodies (trikāya) of a Buddha in Mahāyāna Buddhism. The dharmakāya constitutes the unmanifested, "inconceivable" (acintya) aspect of a Buddha out of which Buddhas arise and to which they return after their dissolution. When a Buddha manifests out of the dharmakāya in a physical body of flesh and blood, which is perceptible to ordinary sentient beings, this is called a nirmāṇakāya, "transformation body".

The Dhammakāya tradition of Thailand and the Tathāgatagarbha sūtras of the ancient Indian tradition view the dharmakāya as the ātman (true self) of the Buddha present within all beings.
SARS-CoV-2 Theta variant
The Theta variant (P.3) was a SARS-CoV-2 variant of interest. It was first identified in the Philippines on February 18, 2021, and shortly thereafter detected in Japan on March 12, 2021.

The variant is distinct from those first discovered in the United Kingdom, South Africa, and Brazil, and is thought to pose a similar threat. It is more resistant to neutralizing antibodies, including those gained through vaccination, like how the South African and Brazilian variants appear to be.

Under the standardized nomenclature system established by the World Health Organization (WHO), lineage P.3 has been labeled Theta and was classified as a variant of interest rather than a variant of concern. As of July 2021, Theta is no longer considered a variant of interest by the WHO.

Variants of SARS-CoV-2
Variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are viruses that, while similar to the original, have genetic changes that are of enough significance to lead virologists to label them separately. SARS-CoV-2 is the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some have been stated to be of particular importance, due to their potential for increased transmissibility, increased virulence, or reduced effectiveness of vaccines against them. These variants contribute to the continued circulation of SARS-CoV-2.

As of 25 June 2025, the variants of interest as specified by the World Health Organization are JN.1, and the variants under monitoring are KP.3, KP.3.1.1, JN.1.18, LP.8.1, NB.1.8.1, XEC and XFG.
2022 Doha Diamond League
The 2022 Doha Diamond League, officially the Ooredoo Doha Meeting, was the 24th edition of the annual outdoor track and field meeting in Doha, Qatar. Held on 13 May 2022 at the Suheim bin Hamad Stadium, it was the opening day for the 2022 Diamond League – the highest level international track and field circuit.

The pole vault competition was held indoors one day after the other events, on 14 May.

The meeting was characterized by strong winds exceeding 20 miles per hour (32 km/h), preventing fast times in most events 400 m and longer. Nonetheless, Francine Niyonsaba upset Faith Kipyegon to win the 3000 m, and Soufiane El Bakkali won the men's 3000 m steeplechase by just 0.01 seconds.

2022 Diamond League
The 2022 Diamond League was the thirteenth season of the Diamond League, an annual series of outdoor track and field meetings, organised by World Athletics. The competition was a revision to the top level athletics series since the Diamond League was founded in 2010. The number of Diamond Discipline events was 32, and the dual-meet final format was again replaced by a single final, for a total of 12 meetings. A meeting in China was originally added to the calendar, but was later postponed to 2023. The reduction of events was aimed at allowing a standardized 120-minute television format for the series. Each meeting hosted a selected number of Diamond Discipline events, most of which were broadcast in the meeting's two hour TV window. Events losing Diamond Discipline status would feature on the World Athletics Continental Tour, which will replace the IAAF World Challenge as the second tier of track and field meetings.
The God & Devil Show
The God & Devil Show is an American adult animated web series that had a successful run from 1999 to 2001. The show was produced and developed by Mondo Media and was created by Aubrey Ankrum, who went on to create Happy Tree Friends.

Happy Tree Friends
Happy Tree Friends (HTF) is an American animated web series created by Aubrey Ankrum, Rhode Montijo, and Kenn Navarro, and developed by Montijo, Navarro, and Warren Graff for Mondo Media. Disguised as a Saturday morning cartoon, the series follows the misadventures of cute anthropomorphic forest animals, who live initially peaceful lives until they are killed or injured in sudden, usually accidental and extremely graphically violent incidents. Debuting in December 2000, Happy Tree Friends has achieved a cult following on Mondo's website and YouTube channel and expanded into a multimedia franchise, which includes the television series of the same name.
Charles Mayer (boxer)
Charles Mayer (7 January 1882 – 5 May 1972) was an American middleweight and heavyweight boxer who competed in the early twentieth century.

He won two medals in boxing at the 1904 Summer Olympics, one of only five boxers in Olympic history to ever do so. In the middleweight category he defeated fellow American Benjamin Spradley in the final to win a gold medal but took silver in the heavier heavyweight category. Mayer only had to compete in two fights to capture his two medals, in the middleweight class only two boxers participated. In the heavyweight class there were three boxers with Mayer earning the bye in the first round.

Mayer was the National Amateur Middleweight Champion in 1905.

Benjamin Spradley
Benjamin Spradley (born 18 January 1879, date of death unknown) was an American middleweight boxer who competed in the early twentieth century. He won a silver medal in Boxing at the 1904 Summer Olympics.  His feat, however, was achieved without a Spradley recording a single victory as there were only two entrants in the middleweight division of the Olympic boxing tournament in 1904.  In the only bout in that weight classification, Spradley was knocked out in the third round by fellow American Charles Mayer.
Giuseppe Siri
Giuseppe Siri (20 May 1906 – 2 May 1989) was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Genoa from 1946 to 1987, and was elevated to the rank of cardinal in 1953. A protégé of Pope Pius XII, he took part in the Second Vatican Council and was considered a papabile for 20 years, during the conclaves of 1958, 1963, August 1978 and October 1978.

Archdiocese of Genoa
The Archdiocese of Genoa (Latin: Archidioecesis Ianuensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy. Erected in the 3rd century, it was elevated to an archdiocese on 20 March 1133. The archdiocese of Genoa was, in 1986, united with the Diocese of Bobbio-San Colombano, forming the Archdiocese of Genoa-Bobbio; however a split in 1989 renamed it the "Archdiocese of Genoa."

The Archdiocese of Genoa is a metropolitan archdiocese, the suffragan dioceses in its ecclesiastical province are the Diocese of Albenga-Imperia, Diocese of Chiavari, Diocese of La Spezia-Sarzana-Brugnato, Diocese of Savona-Noli, Diocese of Tortona, and Diocese of Ventimiglia-San Remo.
Mount Kuring-gai railway station
Mount Kuring-gai railway station is a suburban railway station located on the Main North line, serving the Sydney suburb of Mount Kuring-gai. It is served by Sydney Trains T1 North Shore Line services and some early morning and late night intercity Central Coast & Newcastle Line services.

Main Northern railway line
The Main Northern railway line (also known as the Great Northern Railway) is a major railway in New South Wales, Australia, running from Strathfield in Sydney to Armidale.

The 1980s saw the line closed progressively north of Armidale; passenger services north of Tamworth were cancelled in 1990 but were reintroduced as far as the former two years later.

The Sydney–Brisbane rail corridor now branches off the Great Northern Railway after Maitland and follows the North Coast line.
Omotic languages
The Omotic languages are a traditionally recognized but disputed grouping of languages spoken mainly in southwestern Ethiopia, around the Omo River region, and in parts of southeastern Sudan (Blue Nile State). This classification conventionally includes the Damotic (North Omotic), Dizoid (Majoid), Mao and Aroid (South Omotic) languages.

Some of these languages are written in the Geʽez script, while others use the Latin alphabet. They are generally agglutinative and exhibit complex tonal systems, as in the Bench language. The group comprises about 7.9 million speakers.

They are generally classified within the Afroasiatic family, though the internal coherence of Omotic as a linguistic unit is questioned by some linguists. For example, Güldemann treats Damotic and Dizoid as Afroasiatic, but considers Mao and Aroid to be separate language groups outside Afroasiatic, influenced by contact with North Omotic.

Dizoid languages
The Dizoid or Maji (Majoid) languages consist of three languages spoken in southwestern Ethiopia:

Dizi

Sheko

Nayi (Na'o)

Dizi differs from the rest of the two languages somewhat more (Aklilu 2003), although Glottolog considers similarities between Sheko and Nayi to be due to retentions rather than evidence of subgrouping.

Güldemann (2018) accepts that Dizoid is more likely to be related to Ta-Ne ("North Omotic") than Mao and Aroid are, and observes loanword influence on Maji languages from the Gimira subgroup of Ta-Ne.
Manjeri Assembly constituency
Manjeri State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India. It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Malappuram Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 Assembly elections, the current MLA is U. A. Latheef of IUML.

Kerala Legislative Assembly
The Kerala Legislative Assembly, popularly known as the Kerala Niyamasabha, is the State Assembly of Kerala, one of the 28 states in India. The Assembly is formed by 140 elected representatives, one from each of the 140 constituencies within the borders of Kerala, referred to as Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).
Lisburn van bombing
On 15 June 1988 an unmarked military van carrying six British Army soldiers was blown up by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) at Market Place in Lisburn, Northern Ireland. The explosion took place at the end of a charity marathon run in which the soldiers had participated. All six soldiers were killed in the attack – four outright, one on his way to hospital and another later on in hospital.

Lisburn is the headquarters of the British Army in Northern Ireland. Four of the dead were from the Royal Corps of Signals whilst the other two were from the Green Howards and the Royal Army Ordnance Corps. A booby-trap bomb was hidden under the Ford Transit van in which the soldiers were travelling, and was designed in such a way that the blast went upwards to cause maximum damage to the vehicle. Eleven civilian bystanders were injured, including a two-year-old child and 80-year-old man.

The bombing is sometimes referred to as the Lisburn "Fun Run" bombing.

Royal Corps of Signals
The Royal Corps of Signals (often simply known as the Royal Signals – abbreviated to R SIGNALS) is one of the combat support arms of the British Army. Signals units are among the first into action, providing the battlefield communications and information systems essential to all operations. Royal Signals units provide the full telecommunications infrastructure for the Army wherever they operate in the world. The Corps has its own engineers, logistics experts and systems operators to run radio and area networks in the field. It is responsible for installing, maintaining and operating all types of telecommunications equipment and information systems, providing command support to commanders and their headquarters, and conducting electronic warfare against enemy communications.
Grand union
A grand union is a rail track junction where two double-track railway or tramway lines cross at grade, often in a street intersection or crossroads.  A total of sixteen railroad switches (sets of points) allow streetcars (or in rarer installations, trains) coming from any direction to take any of the three other directions. The same effect may be achieved with two adjacent wyes if the location allows for space.

Railroad switch
A railroad switch (AE), turnout, or (set of) points (CE) is a mechanical installation enabling railway trains to be guided from one track to another, such as at a railway junction or where a spur or siding branches off.
Helen Weiss
Helen Anne Weiss FMedSci is a British epidemiologist who specialises in HIV research, sexual health and mental health. Her research on HIV risk in circumcised men inspired reforms to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. After getting her PhD at the University of Oxford in 1994, she started working at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, where she became Professor of Epidemiology. She was elected Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2020.

Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) is an award for medical scientists who are judged by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences for the "excellence of their science, their contribution to medicine and society and the range of their achievements".
Chateaux (band)
Chateaux were a new wave of British heavy metal band formed in 1981 in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, United Kingdom. They released three albums during the 1980s through Ebony Records, then home to the likes of Grim Reaper and Savage. The band is notable for launching the career of Steve Grimmett, later of Grim Reaper and Onslaught.

Savage (band)
Savage are a British heavy metal band from Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, that formed in 1978. They were part of the new wave of British heavy metal.

The band is most remembered for the song titled "Let it Loose", a track which made significant impact on the early 1980s metal scene (indeed, it was later covered by Metallica on their Whiskey Audition Tape demo), and would later give rise to the name of their first album, Loose 'n Lethal, released in 1983.
Crédit Foncier d'Algérie et de Tunisie
The Crédit Foncier d'Algérie et de Tunisie (French pronunciation: [kʁedi fɔ̃sje dalʒeʁi e də tynizi], lit. 'Land Credit [Bank] of Algeria and Tunisia', abbr. CFAT) was a French colonial bank. It was originally founded in 1880 as the Crédit Foncier et Agricole d'Algérie (CFAA, lit. 'Land and Agricultural Credit [Bank] of Algeria'), an Algerian affiliate of Crédit Foncier de France, and took its name CFAT in 1909 following expansion to Tunisia. In 1963, following Algerian independence, it renamed itself as Société Centrale de Banque (SCDB). It was acquired by Société Générale in 1971 and eventually absorbed by it in 1997. Its former overseas operations have become part of Banque Nationale d'Algérie in Algeria, Amen Bank in Tunisia, Société Générale in Morocco, and Fransabank in Lebanon.

Crédit Foncier de France
Crédit Foncier de France (French pronunciation: [kʁedi fɔ̃sje də fʁɑ̃s], CFF) was a major French bank, active from 1852 to 2019 when its activities were entirely subsumed into Groupe BPCE, although the brand name appears to remain active.
Brudziński's sign
Brudziński's sign or a Brudziński sign is any of three medical signs, all of which may occur in meningitis or meningism. All three are named after Józef Brudziński. In English, the name is often written without the diacritic (like many borrowed words) (Brudzinski) and is pronounced /bruːˈdʒɪnski/.

Signs and symptoms
Signs and symptoms are diagnostic indications of an illness, injury, or condition. While signs are objective and externally observable, symptoms are a person's reported subjective experiences.

A sign, for example, can be an elevated or lower than normal temperature or blood pressure; or an abnormal finding showing on medical imaging. A symptom is something out of the ordinary that is experienced by an individual such as feeling feverish, a headache or other pains in the body. Symptoms can be a result of the immune system's response to an infection, the physical manifestation of an abnormal body condition, or the effect of a consumed substance. Symptoms, though often indicative of a disease process, are not always diagnostically relevant, and can be idiopathic in nature.
Maltese Labour Corps
The Maltese Labour Corps (MLC) was a labour unit raised in Malta during the First World War to support the British Army.  It comprised two battalions of labourers and stevedores; two companies of cooks, waiters, and servants; and a company of miners.  The units served at Gallipoli, Salonika, Italy, and in Turkey (after the armistice).  There may have been a further independent labour company that served in Malta.  Many of the units' commanding officers were drawn from the King's Own Royal Malta Regiment of Militia.  More than 5,000 men served in the corps, with members receiving the British War Medal in bronze.  In the course of their service 124 members died, at least one killed in action with many of the remainder dying during the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918.

Labour battalion
Labour battalions have been a form of alternative service or unfree labour in various countries in lieu of or resembling regular military service. In some cases they were the result of some kind of discriminative segregation of the population, while in some others they have been a conscious choice.
Leasowes High School
Leasowes High School is a coeducational secondary school located in Halesowen in the West Midlands of England.

It regularly performs well in the Dudley Borough's GCSE league tables; and there is a high application rate amongst primary school leavers, meaning that some local children have to attend schools further afield, such as Earls High School and Windsor High School.

Windsor High School, Halesowen
Windsor High School is a secondary school with academy status located on Richmond Street, Halesowen, West Midlands, England. It is among the largest schools in the region, with capacity for 1,700 pupils aged 11 to 18, and is heavily over-subscribed.
Madrid Distinction
The Madrid Distinction (Spanish: Distintivo de Madrid) was one of the highest military awards of the Second Spanish Republic. It was a decoration related to the Laureate Plate of Madrid. which was established by the Second Spanish Republic in order to reward courage. In the same manner as the Laureate Plate of Madrid, it was named after Madrid, the capital of Spain, owing to the city symbolizing valour and the defence of the Second Spanish Republic during the long Siege of Madrid, which lasted from November 1936 through March 1939 during the Spanish Civil War. Unlike the Laureate Plate of Madrid, the Distintivo de Madrid displayed the former coat of arms of Madrid and not the red star, a symbol often associated with communist ideology.

Laureate Plate of Madrid
The Laureate Badge of Madrid (Spanish: Placa Laureada de Madrid) was the highest military award for gallantry of the Second Spanish Republic. It was awarded in recognition of action, either individual or collective, to protect the nation and its citizens in the face of immediate risk to the bearer or bearers' life. Those eligible were members of the Spanish Republican Armed Forces and testimonies of reliable witnesses were checked prior to concession.

Named after the capital of Spain, symbolizing courage and the defence of the Republic during the Siege of Madrid throughout the Spanish Civil War, the Laureate Badge of Madrid was established on 25 May 1937 as the Spanish Republican equivalent to the Laureate Cross of Saint Ferdinand awarded by the monarchy and the Nationalist faction.
Special Cop in Action
Special Cop in Action (Italian: Italia a mano armata, lit. 'Italy at gunpoint') is a 1976 Italian poliziottesco film directed by Marino Girolami, here credited as Franco Martinelli. The film is the final chapter in the Girolami's Commissioner Betti Trilogy, after Violent Rome and Violent Naples, though a spin-off in the series entitled Weapons of Death would be released the following year.

The main theme of the film was used in the soundtrack of Quentin Tarantino's Death Proof.

Violent Rome
Violent Rome (Italian: Roma violenta) is an Italian 1975 poliziottesco film directed by Marino Girolami It obtained a great commercial success and launched the career of Maurizio Merli. The film is the first entry into the Commissioner Betti Trilogy.
Pascack Valley Line
The Pascack Valley Line is a commuter rail line operated by the Hoboken Division of New Jersey Transit, in the U.S. states of New Jersey and New York. The line runs north from Hoboken Terminal, through Hudson and Bergen counties in New Jersey, and into Rockland County, New York, terminating at Spring Valley station. Service within New York is operated under contract with Metro-North Railroad. The line is named for the Pascack Valley region that it passes through in northern Bergen County. The line parallels the Pascack Brook for some distance. The line is colored purple on system maps, and its symbol is a pine tree.

NJ Transit Rail Operations
NJ Transit Rail Operations (reporting mark NJTR) is the rail division of NJ Transit. It operates commuter rail service in New Jersey, with most service centered on transportation to and from New York City, Hoboken, and Newark. NJ Transit also operates rail service in Orange and Rockland counties in New York under contract to Metro-North Railroad. The commuter rail lines saw 59,447,200 riders in 2024, making it the third-busiest commuter railroad in North America and the longest commuter rail system in North America by route length.
2024 Bryansk Oblast Duma election
The 2024 Bryansk Oblast Duma election took place on 6–8 September 2024, on common election day. All 60 seats in the Oblast Duma were up for reelection.

United Russia retained its overwhelming majority in the Oblast Duma, winning 69% of the vote. A Just Russia – For Truth, which narrowly entered the Duma in 2019, failed to cross the threshold but won one single-mandate constituency.

2024 Russian elections
The 2024 Russian elections were held in large part, on Sunday, 8 September 2024 (single election day), with several regions allowing voting on 6 and 7 September. There were three by-elections to the 8th State Duma, 19 gubernatorial elections (16 direct and three indirectly elected), 13 regional parliamentary elections, and many elections on the municipal level.