hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Princess Maria Alix of Saxony
Maria Alix of Saxony (Maria Alix Luitpolda Anna Henrietta Germana Agnes Damian Michaela; 27 September 1901 – 11 December 1990) was a member of the House of Wettin and the daughter of the last king of Saxony, Frederick Augustus III. Through her marriage to Franz Joseph, Prince of Hohenzollern-Emden, she became a princess of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen.

Frederick Augustus III of Saxony
Frederick Augustus III (German: Friedrich August III.; 25 May 1865 – 18 February 1932) was the last King of Saxony (1904–1918). Born in Dresden, Frederick Augustus was the eldest son of King George of Saxony and his wife, Maria Anna of Portugal.

Frederick Augustus served in the Royal Saxon Army before becoming king, and later was promoted to Generalfeldmarschall. Though well-loved by his subjects, he voluntarily abdicated as king on 13 November 1918, after the defeat of the German Empire in World War I. He died in his Sibyllenort Palace in Lower Silesia (now Szczodre in Poland) and was buried in Dresden.
Conformal geometry
In mathematics, conformal geometry is the study of the set of angle-preserving (conformal) transformations on a space.

In a real two dimensional space, conformal geometry is precisely the geometry of Riemann surfaces. In space higher than two dimensions, conformal geometry may refer either to the study of conformal transformations of what are called "flat spaces" (such as Euclidean spaces or spheres), or to the study of conformal manifolds that are Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian manifolds with a class of metrics that are defined up to scale. Study of the flat structures is sometimes termed Möbius geometry, and is a type of Klein geometry.

Pseudo-Riemannian manifold
In mathematical physics, a pseudo-Riemannian manifold, also called a semi-Riemannian manifold, is a differentiable manifold with a metric tensor that is everywhere nondegenerate.  This is a generalization of a Riemannian manifold in which the requirement of positive-definiteness is relaxed.

Every tangent space of a pseudo-Riemannian manifold is a pseudo-Euclidean vector space.

A special case used in general relativity is a four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold for modeling spacetime, where tangent vectors can be classified as timelike, null, and spacelike.
Brian Vibberts
Brian Vibberts is an American audio engineer, a native of Portland, Connecticut, who has been active since 1991. He is a 7-time Grammy Award winner (6x Grammy, 1 Latin Grammy) and has participated in the making of numerous albums that have resulted in Grammy Award nominations and winners. Also known by the nickname, "Dr Vibb," he has creatively recorded or mixed many multi-platinum artists in many genres, including Michael Jackson, Aerosmith, The Pussycat Dolls, Bon Jovi, Natasha Bedingfield, Green Day, Trace Adkins, Faith Hill, Toby Keith, Ice Cube, Boyz II Men, Elton John, Eric Clapton, Chick Corea, Brad Paisley, Ringo Starr, Mariah Carey and Tony Bennett.

Chick Corea
Armando Anthony "Chick" Corea (June 12, 1941 – February 9, 2021) was an American jazz pianist, composer, bandleader, and occasional percussionist. His compositions "Spain", "500 Miles High", "La Fiesta", "Armando's Rhumba", and "Windows" are considered jazz standards.

As a member of the Miles Davis band in the late 1960s, Corea participated in the birth of jazz fusion. In the 1970s he formed Return to Forever. Along with McCoy Tyner, Herbie Hancock and Keith Jarrett, Corea is considered one of the foremost pianists of the post-John Coltrane era.

Corea continued to collaborate frequently while exploring different musical styles throughout the 1980s and 1990s. He won 29 Grammy Awards and has been nominated for the award 79 times.
Exponential response formula
In mathematics, the exponential response formula (ERF), also known as exponential response and complex replacement, is a method used to find a particular solution of a non-homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation of any order. The exponential response formula is applicable to non-homogeneous linear ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients if the function is polynomial, sinusoidal, exponential or the combination of the three. The general solution of a non-homogeneous linear ordinary differential equation is a superposition of the general solution of the associated homogeneous ODE and a particular solution to the non-homogeneous ODE. 
Alternative methods for solving ordinary differential equations of higher order are method of undetermined coefficients and method of variation of parameters.

Method of undetermined coefficients
In mathematics, the method of undetermined coefficients is an approach to finding a particular solution to certain nonhomogeneous ordinary differential equations and recurrence relations. It is closely related to the annihilator method, but instead of using a particular kind of differential operator (the annihilator) in order to find the best possible form of the particular solution, an ansatz or 'guess' is made as to the appropriate form, which is then tested by differentiating the resulting equation. For complex equations, the annihilator method or variation of parameters is less time-consuming to perform.

Undetermined coefficients is not as general a method as variation of parameters, since it only works for differential equations that follow certain forms.
Hrsta
Hrsta (stylized as HṚṢṬA) (/ˈhɜːrʃtə/; Sanskrit: हृष्ट hṛṣṭa [ɦr̩ʂʈɐ], 'thrilling with rapture', 'rejoiced') is a Montreal post-rock band currently signed to Constellation Records. The band's leader, Mike Moya (guitar and vocals), was one of the founding members of Godspeed You! Black Emperor. The other members of the band are Brooke Crouser, Harris Newman, and Eric Craven. Lisa Gamble joined in 2007 and Nick Kuepfer in 2009.

Hrsta's sound has been compared to that of Godspeed You! Black Emperor, Thee Silver Mt. Zion Memorial Orchestra and Set Fire to Flames, owing to Mike Moya's contributions to each. Hrsta, however, differs from these previous projects in that it features Moya as a vocalist.

Their latest album, Ghosts Will Come and Kiss Our Eyes, was released in the fall of 2007.

Set Fire to Flames
Set Fire to Flames was a Canadian instrumental music ensemble consisting of 13 musicians from Montreal, Quebec. The band was often considered a side project of Godspeed You! Black Emperor, as the two groups shared several members.
Loulan Museum
The Loulan Museum (Chinese: 楼兰博物馆) is the museum located in Ruoqiang County in the southeastern part of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. On exhibit in this museum are the cultural artifacts excavated in the ancient cities of Loulan, Miran and Xiaohe Cemetery.

The Loulan Museum officially opened on May 3, 2011, with the floor space of 4,688 square meters. The Loulan Beauty and other artifacts excavated in this region are currently on display here, and at two other museums: the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Museum, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, and the Lüshun Museum (Otani Collection), Dalian, Liaoning.

The Beauty of Loulan

Loulan Tomb mural (4th–5th centuries CE)

Beauty of Loulan
The Beauty of Loulan (楼兰美女), also Beauty of Krorän or Loulan Beauty, is the preserved dead body of a woman who lived around 1800 BC in the Xinjiang region of China. Due to her excellent state of conservation, she is one of the most famous Tarim mummies.

Exceptionally well-preserved by the elements, the body was discovered in 1980 by Chinese archaeologists alongside several other mummies. The body is not of Chinese appearance, leading to the popular belief that the woman was of Uyghur origin. The government of China barred study of the mummies, but samples were smuggled out of the country and tested to find evidence of European ancestry in 1993. These findings were corroborated by further studies by Chinese researchers in 2007 and 2009. The mummy has since been displayed in museums.
South African Wushu Federation
The South African Wushu Federation (SAWF) is the national governing body for the development and promotion of the sport of wushu also known as kung fu in South Africa. The Federation was formed in 2002.

The Federation is affiliated with SRSA and SASCOC. SAWF is a member of the International Wushu Federation (IWUF) and the African Wushu Federation (AFWF). SAWF organises national tournaments involving its provincial wushu practitioners where they compete in the various disciplines such as the Taolu divisions (IWUF mandatory Taolu routines), Tui Shou, Sanshou (full-contact fights), and Chi Sau. The tournaments are used to select official National Wushu teams to participate at international competitions such as World Wushu Championships and African Wushu Championships.

International Wushu Federation
The International Wushu Federation (IWUF) is an international sport organization and the governing body for wushu in all its forms worldwide. The IWUF is recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and is also a member of the ARISF, GAISF, FISU, IWGA, and the ISF.
R2-45
R2-45 is Scientology slang for murder or suicide by gun. Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard described it as "an enormously effective process for exteriorization but its use is frowned upon by this society at this time". In Scientology doctrine, exteriorization refers to the separation of the thetan (soul) from the body, a phenomenon which Hubbard asserts can be achieved through Scientology auditing. R2-45 is said to be a process by which exteriorization could be produced by shooting a person in the head with a .45 caliber pistol. This literal meaning is acknowledged by the Church of Scientology, although they deny that it is meant seriously.

Auditing (Scientology)
Auditing, also called processing, is a central practice in Scientology in which a trained "auditor" asks structured questions intended to help the participant, or "preclear", identify and address past experiences and emotional difficulties. The process typically involves the use of an E-meter, a device that measures changes in electrical resistance in the body and is presented by the Church of Scientology as a spiritual tool. Scientology teaches that auditing increases self-awareness and spiritual ability, and is the primary means of progressing along the movement's Bridge to Total Freedom. Scholars and critics have described auditing as a form of psychological conditioning and have raised serious concerns about its methods and claims. Auditing has also drawn legal and regulatory scrutiny with regard to the E-meter and Scientology's therapeutic assertions.
Richard Bulkeley (civil servant)
Richard Bulkeley (26 December 1717 – 7 December 1800) was an influential administrator in Nova Scotia from 1749 to 1800. Historian Phyllis Blakeley writes that Bulkeley, "assisted 13 governors and lieutenant governors from Cornwallis to Wentworth. In half a century of service he took part in the founding of Halifax, the immigration of New Englanders and loyalists, and the prosperity of the French revolutionary wars." During his lifetime, known for hosting dignitaries and grand parties, he was known as "the Father of the Province." When he died, he was the last surviving settler who arrived with Cornwallis.

Sir John Wentworth, 1st Baronet
Sir John Wentworth, 1st Baronet (9 August 1737 – 8 April 1820) was the British colonial governor of New Hampshire at the time of the American Revolution.  He was later also Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia. He is buried in the crypt of St. Paul's Church in Halifax.
Cathy Smith
Catherine Evelyn Smith (April 25, 1947 – August 16, 2020), also known as Silverbag, was a Canadian backup singer, groupie, drug dealer, and legal secretary. Smith served 15 months in the California Institution for Women for injecting actor John Belushi with a fatal dose of heroin and cocaine in 1982.

Smith had been paid for a front-page headline story in the Hollywood tabloid the National Enquirer, where she stated she was the person who injected Belushi with a fatal drug overdose. Smith co-wrote the book Chasing the Dragon (1984) which told her life story; its title alludes to Smith's heroin addiction. Smith appeared prominently in the Bob Woodward book Wired: The Short Life and Fast Times of John Belushi (1984) and was played by Patti D'Arbanville in the 1989 film adaptation.

Wired (book)
Wired: The Short Life and Fast Times of John Belushi is a 1984 non-fiction book by American journalist Bob Woodward about actor and comedian John Belushi. The hardcover edition includes 16 pages of black-and-white photos, front and back.
Type 076 landing helicopter dock
The Type 076 landing helicopter dock (NATO reporting name: Yulan-class landing helicopter assault), also known as the Type 076 amphibious assault ship (Chinese: 076型两栖攻击舰) in its native China, is an upcoming class of amphibious assault ship serving the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). Compared to the preceding Type 075, the Type 076 is significantly larger in both displacement and flight deck dimensions. The class is the world's third flight deck-based specialized military carrier ship of unmanned aerial vehicles after the Turkish drone carrier TCG Anadolu and the Iranian drone carrier IRIS Shahid Bagheri.​

It features a twin-island design superstructure, a stern well dock, a CATOBAR system of electromagnetic catapult, and arresting gears for operating light fixed-wing aircraft — likely unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAV) such as the GJ-21, making it both a landing helicopter dock (LHD) and a drone carrier.

Type 075 landing helicopter dock
The Type 075 landing helicopter dock (NATO reporting name: Yushen-class landing helicopter assault) is a class of Chinese amphibious assault ships built by Hudong–Zhonghua Shipbuilding for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). It has a full-length flight deck for helicopter operations and features a floodable well deck from which to disembark hovercraft and armored amphibious assault vehicles.
Kashima Domain
Kashima Domain (鹿島藩, Kashima-han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period.  It was regarded as a sub-domain of Saga Domain.  The domain was centered in what is now the city of Kashima, Saga. It was ruled by a cadet branch of the tozama daimyō Nabeshima clan for all of its history.

Han system
Han (Japanese: 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Han or Bakufu-han (daimyo domain) served as a system of de facto administrative divisions of Japan alongside the de jure provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s.
Aquarium fish feeder
Aquarium fish feeders are electric or electronic devices that are designed to feed aquarium fish at regular intervals. They are often used to feed fish when the aquarist is on vacation or is too busy to maintain a regular feeding schedule.

Aquarist
An aquarist is a person who manages aquariums, either professionally or as a hobby. They typically care for aquatic animals, including fish and marine invertebrates. Some may care for aquatic mammals. Aquarists often work at public aquariums. They may also work at nature reserves, zoos, and amusement parks. Some aquarists conduct field research outdoors. In business, aquarists may work at pet stores, as commercial fish breeders, or as manufacturers. Some aquarists are hobbyists, also known as "home aquarists," who may vary in skills and experience.
Ello Creation System
Ello Creation System ("Ello") was a construction toy manufactured by the American toy-company Mattel, Inc. between the years 2002-2004. The toy set was created by the American designer Richard Manville. The Ello Creation System was a breakthrough toy created to engage girls in construction play.

Construction set
A construction set is a standardized piece assortment allowing for the construction of various different models. Construction sets are most often marketed as toys. Popular construction toy brands include Lincoln Logs and LEGO.
Ratan Nath Dhar Sarshar
Ratan  Nath Dhar Sarshar (Urdu: رتن ناتھ در سرشارؔ; 1846 or 1847 – 21 January 1903) was an Indian Urdu novelist, columnist and editor from British India. Born into a Kashmiri Brahmin family which settled in Lucknow, he received his education at Canning College and later took up employment as a schoolteacher. In August 1878, he was appointed editor of the Lucknow-based newspaper Avadh Akhbar, in which his most famous work Fasana-e-Azad was published serially.

Kashmiri Pandits
The Kashmiri Pandits (also known as Kashmiri Brahmins) are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India. They belong to the Pancha Gauda Brahmin group from the Kashmir Valley, located within the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Kashmiri Pandits are Hindu Kashmiris native to the Kashmir Valley, and the only remaining Hindu Kashmiris after the large-scale conversion of the Valley's population to Islam during medieval times. Prompted by the growth of Islamic militancy in the valley, large numbers left in the exodus of the 1990s. Even so, small numbers remain.
Benjamin Edwards (Maryland politician)
Benjamin Edwards (August 12, 1753 – November 13, 1829) was an American merchant and political leader from Montgomery County, Maryland. He represented the third district of Maryland for a very short time in the United States House of Representatives in 1795 after Uriah Forrest resigned.

Uriah Forrest
Uriah Forrest (1756 – July 6, 1805) was an American statesman and military leader from Maryland. Forrest was born in St. Mary's County in the Province of Maryland, near Leonardtown. In his early childhood, he received only limited schooling. He was born into a family with three other brothers.
David McClure (artist)
David McClure RSA RSW (20 February 1926 – 20 February 1998) was a Scottish artist and lecturer. He is most well known for his paintings of still lifes, interiors, figures and family portraits as well as his landscape and townscape paintings of Scotland, Italy, Sicily and Spain where he lived and travelled throughout his life.

Born in Lochwinnoch in 1926, McClure graduated in the early 1950s from Edinburgh College of Art.  In his early career he spent significant periods working in Spain, Italy, Sicily and later Norway. He spent the majority of professional life in Dundee where he lived with his wife and family and taught at Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art (now part of the University of Dundee) from 1958 and spent the last two years of his career there as head of painting, a post he took over from his friend, colleague and fellow artist, Alberto Morrocco, before retiring in 1985.

Alberto Morrocco
Alberto Morrocco OBE FRSA FRSE RSW RP RGI LLD (14 December 1917 – 10 March 1998) was a Scottish artist and teacher. He is famous for his works featuring landscapes of Scotland and abroad, still-life, figure painting and interiors, but perhaps his best known works are his beach scenes and views of Venice.
Stephen F. Voorhees
Stephen Francis Voorhees FAIA (February 15, 1878 – January 23, 1965) was an American architect in practice in New York City from 1910 until 1959. From 1935 to 1937 he was president of the American Institute of Architects.

Fellow of the American Institute of Architects
Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) is a postnominal title or membership, designating an individual who has been named a fellow of the American Institute of Architects (AIA).

Fellowship is bestowed by the institute on AIA-member architects who have made outstanding contributions to the profession through design excellence, contributions in the field of architectural education, or to the advancement of the profession. In 2014, fewer than 3,200 of the more than 80,000 AIA members were fellows. Honorary Fellowship (Hon. FAIA) is awarded to foreign (non-U.S. citizen) architects, and to non-architects who have made substantial contributions to the field of architecture or to the institute.
Hydrohalite
Hydrohalite is a halide mineral that occurs in saturated halite brines at cold temperatures (below 0.1 °C) and is the most common form of hydrated sodium chloride. It was first described in 1847 from an occurrence in Dürrnberg, Austria.

Halite
Halite (/ˈhælaɪt, ˈheɪlaɪt/ HAL-yte, HAY-lyte), commonly known as rock salt, is a type of salt, the mineral (natural) form of sodium chloride (NaCl). Halite forms isometric crystals. The mineral is typically colorless or white, but may also be light blue, dark blue, purple, pink, red, orange, yellow or gray depending on inclusion of other materials, impurities, and structural or isotopic abnormalities in the crystals. It commonly occurs with  other evaporite deposit minerals such as several of the sulfates, halides, and borates. The name halite is derived from the Ancient Greek word for "salt", ἅλς (háls).
Coventry Street
Coventry Street is a short street in the West End of London, connecting Piccadilly Circus to Leicester Square. Part of the street is a section of the A4, a major road through London. It is named after the politician Henry Coventry, secretary of state to Charles II.

The street was constructed in 1681 for entertainment and retail purposes, and acquired a shady character with numerous gambling houses and a reputation for prostitution. This changed during the late 19th century, with the establishment of several music hall outlets including the London Pavilion, the Prince of Wales Theatre and the Trocadero Music Hall. In the 20th century, it became known for its high-traffic restaurants, including the first J. Lyons and Co. and the first premises of the seafood restaurant Scott's. It was also popular for its nightclubs, and was the original location of the Flamingo Club.

A4 road (England)
The A4 is a major road in England from Central London to Avonmouth via Heathrow Airport, Reading, Bath and Bristol. It is historically known as the Bath Road with newer sections including the Great West Road and Portway. The road was once the main route from London to Bath, Bristol and the west of England and formed, after the A40, the second main western artery from London.

Although most traffic is carried by the M4 motorway today, the A4 still acts as the main route from Bristol to London for non-motorway traffic.
Winston and Bone Valley Railroad
The Winston and Bone Valley Railroad was a railroad line running in the Bone Valley region of Central Florida. It connected to the South Florida Railroad main line (the current CSX A Line) near Lakeland.  A vast majority of the line remains in service by CSX Transportation, who operates it today as their Bone Valley Subdivision.

South Florida Railroad
The South Florida Railroad was a railroad from Sanford, Florida, to Tampa, Florida, becoming part of the Plant System in 1893 and the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad in 1902.  It served as the southernmost segment of the Atlantic Coast Line's main line.  The line remains in service today and is now part of the Central Florida Rail Corridor in the Orlando metro area.  The rest of the line remains under the ownership of CSX Transportation as part of their A Line.
HNA Aviation
HNA Aviation Group Co., Ltd, previously HNA Aviation Holdings Co., Ltd. commonly known as HNA Aviation, is an aviation group based in China, formerly the aviation division of the now defunct HNA Group. It is the country's fourth biggest aviation group and is headquartered in Haikou, Hainan, China.

HNA Group
HNA Group Co., Ltd., was a Chinese conglomerate headquartered in Haikou, Hainan, China. Founded in 2000, it was involved in numerous industries including aviation, real estate, financial services, tourism, logistics, and more. It was the owner of Hainan Airlines and a part owner of Grand China Air.
In July 2017, HNA Group ranked No. 170 in 2017 Fortune Global 500 list with a revenue of $53.335 billion. It was one of the most active investment companies in the world, acquiring numerous assets under its name. In 2021, the corporation declared bankruptcy after debt restructuring efforts failed. On December 8, 2021, Liaoning Fangda Group Industrial acquired HNA's aviation division. Later, on December 24, Hainan Development Holdings Co., Ltd. acquired HNA's airport division, and marked the closing of the final chapter in the now defunct HNA Group.