hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brash: A Biography
Brash: A Biography is a biography of New Zealand politician and economist Don Brash. The book was written by Paul Goldsmith and released in 2005. In 2006, investigative journalist Nicky Hager released a book The Hollow Men, which revealed the book was commissioned by the National Party.

The Hollow Men (book)
The Hollow Men is a 2006 book written by Nicky Hager about the election strategies used by the New Zealand National Party during New Zealand's 2005 general election. The book has been adapted into a stage play, and filmed as a documentary.
U.S. Route 385 in Texas
U.S. Route 385 (US 385) is a north-south U.S. highway that runs from Big Bend National Park in Texas to Deadwood, South Dakota. In Texas, the highway runs from Big Bend National Park to the Oklahoma state line, north of Dalhart. US 385 is part of the La Entrada al Pacifico trade corridor from Interstate 10 in Fort Stockton to Interstate 20 in Odessa.

Interstate 20 in Texas
Interstate 20 (I-20) is a major east–west Interstate Highway in Texas, running east from a junction with I-10 east of Kent, Texas, through the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex to the Louisiana state line near Waskom, Texas.  The original distance of I-20 was 647 miles (1,041 km) from I-10 to the Louisiana state line, reduced to the current distance of 636 miles (1,024 km) with the rerouting of I-20 in the 1980s and 1990s. I-20 is known as the Ronald Reagan Memorial Highway within the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.
Scholastic rowing in the United States
In the United States, many high schools have rowing teams or "crews". The Stotesbury Cup is the largest regatta for high school rowing, and the Scholastic Rowing Association of America also holds a championship regatta open to schools in North America.

U.S. high school crews have been successful internationally, with winners of the Princess Elizabeth Challenge Cup in 14 of the 73 years it has been awarded.

Scholastic Rowing Association of America
The Scholastic Rowing Association of America was formed as the Schoolboy Rowing Association of America in 1935 to host an unofficial national championship regatta for high school rowing. The name was changed in 1976 after women were allowed to compete.
Northern Land Council
The Northern Land Council (NLC) is a land council representing the Aboriginal peoples of the Top End of the Northern Territory of Australia, with its head office in Darwin.

While the NLC was established in 1974, its origins began in the struggle of Australian Aboriginal people for rights to fair wages and land, including the strike and walk off by the Gurindji people at Wave Hill cattle station in 1966, as well as other activities relating to Indigenous land rights.

Indigenous land rights in Australia
In Australia, Indigenous land rights or Aboriginal land rights are the rights and interests in land of Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islander people; the term may also include the struggle for those rights. Connection to the land and waters is vital in Australian Aboriginal culture and to that of Torres Strait Islander people, and there has been a long battle to gain legal and moral recognition of ownership of the lands and waters occupied by the many peoples prior to colonisation of Australia starting in 1788, and the annexation of the Torres Strait Islands by the colony of Queensland in the 1870s.

As of 2020, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ rights and interests in land are formally recognised over around 40 per cent of Australia’s land mass, and sea rights have also been asserted in various native title cases.
Larry Wolgast
Larry E. Wolgast is an American politician who served as Mayor of Topeka, Kansas from 2013 to 2018. He previously served as Kansas Secretary of Human Resources during the administration of Governor John W. Carlin.

John W. Carlin
John William Carlin (born August 3, 1940) is an American educator and politician who served as the 40th governor of Kansas from 1979 to 1987, and the archivist of the United States from May 30, 1995, to February 15, 2005. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Carlin teaches at Kansas State University as a visiting professor and previously operated a website to advance civic engagement.
L'Art de Vivre
L'Art de Vivre (The Art of Living) was built in 1917 in Deptford, England, as a cargo barge but  serves as a luxury hotel barge owned and operated by European Waterways. She is one of around 60 hotel barges operating on European waterways, mostly on the smaller French canals.

Hotel barge
A hotel barge (fr. péniche hôtel) is a barge that has been built or converted to serve as a hotel or other kind of lodging. Hotel barges are generally found on rivers and canals in Europe, and may be used for river cruises or permanently moored in one place.

Hotel barges came into being following the decline in commercial and freight carrying on the canals of Europe. Many working barges have been converted into floating hotels of varying degrees of luxury. This trend began in the 1960s and has now grown into a network of hotel barges operating on the canals and rivers of France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany and the UK. The majority of hotel barges operate on the French waterways, where the national authority Voies Navigables de France estimates their economic importance at 60 million euros of local income, or roughly 5% of all waterway tourism business in France.
Narayan Ram Arya
Narayan Ram Arya (born 7 September 1952) is an Indian politician. Arya was a member of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly from Gangolihat Assembly constituency in Pithoragarh district from 2002 to 2007 and again from 2012 till 2017 as a member of the Indian National Congress. He also served as a cabinet minister rank official in the state government during the tenure of N.D. Tiwari and Harish Rawat.

N. D. Tiwari
Narayan Datt Tiwari (18 October 1925 – 18 October 2018) was an Indian politician who served as the 9th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and 3rd Chief Minister of Uttaranchal (later Uttarakhand) from 2002 to 2007. He was the first Indian Chief Minister who served for two states. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, a former member of the Praja Socialist Party and the Indian National Congress. He joined the Bhartiya Janata Party in 2017.

He was a three-time Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (1976–77, 1984–85, 1988–89) and to date remains the last Congress CM of Uttar Pradesh. He also served once as Chief Minister of Uttarakhand (2002–2007). Between 1986 and 1988, he served in Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi's cabinet, first as Minister for External Affairs and then as Minister of Finance. He served as Governor of Andhra Pradesh from 2007 until 2009, when he resigned due to health and personal reasons.
Kuniwo Nakamura
Kuniwo Nakamura (中村國雄, Nakamura Kunio; 24 November 1943 – 14 October 2020) was a Palauan politician who served as the president of Palau from 1993 to 2001. He had earlier served as vice president of Palau from 1989 to 1993, under Ngiratkel Etpison.

Vice President of Palau
Vice President of Palau is the second-highest position in the executive branch of the government of Palau, after the president.

The vice president is elected in popular elections separate from presidential elections. When the president has been sworn in, the vice president will serve as a member of the cabinet and may have other responsibilities assigned by the president. The salary of the vice president has been US$65,000 annually since 2010
John Logan (writer)
John David Logan (born September 24, 1961) is an American playwright, screenwriter, and producer. He is known for his work as a screenwriter for films such as Ridley Scott's Gladiator (2000), Gore Verbinski’s Rango (2011), Martin Scorsese's The Aviator (2004) and Hugo (2011), Tim Burton's Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007) and Sam Mendes' James Bond films Skyfall (2012), and Spectre (2015). He has been nominated for three Academy Awards, and has won a Tony Award and a Golden Globe.

Gore Verbinski
Gregor Justin "Gore" Verbinski (born March 16, 1964) is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. He is best known for directing Mouse Hunt (1997), The Ring (2002), the first three Pirates of the Caribbean films, and Rango (2011).

For Rango, Verbinski won both the Academy Award and the BAFTA Award for Best Animated Film.
Danish bicycle VIN-system
The Danish bicycle VIN-system is a system introduced in 1942 by the Danish government, providing all bicycles in Denmark with a unique code. The VIN code is a combination of letters and digits embedded into the bicycle frame and consists of a manufacturer code, a serial number, and construction year code.

Since 1948, it has been illegal to sell bicycle frames in Denmark without an embedded VIN. Because of this, insurance companies in Denmark will not pay indemnities for stolen bicycles without a VIN.

Bicycle frame
A bicycle frame is the main component of a bicycle, onto which wheels and other components are fitted. The modern and most common frame design for an upright bicycle is based on the safety bicycle, and consists of two triangles: a main triangle and a paired rear triangle. This is known as the diamond frame. Frames are required to be strong, stiff and light, which they do by combining different materials and shapes.
Schenkeldijk, Binnenmaas
Schenkeldijk is a hamlet in the Dutch province of South Holland and is part of the municipality Hoeksche Waard. The village lies 1 km south east of the village Mookhoek and east of Strijen.

Schenkeldijk was severely affected by the North Sea flood of 1953. Many wooden houses were donated to the village from Sweden and placed in what is nowadays called Zweedsestraat (Swedish street).

Schenkeldijk is not a statistical entity, and considered part of 's-Gravendeel and Strijen. It has place name signs, and consists of about 200 houses.

Strijen
Strijen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈstrɛiə(n)] ⓘ) is a town and former municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality, covering an area of 57.70 km2 (22.28 sq mi) of which 6.85 km2 (2.64 sq mi) is water, is located on the Hoeksche Waard island along the Hollands Diep estuary. On 1 January 2019 it was merged with the municipalities of Binnenmaas, Cromstrijen, Korendijk, and Oud-Beijerland to form the municipality of Hoeksche Waard.

Strijen hosts a public library, swimming pool, a small shopping centre and a local museum.

Furthermore, Strijen is home to an important and welcome resting stop for migrating birds, especially geese. During winter, the endangered Eurasian spoonbill uses this area as a foraging ground.

The municipality of Strijen also included the population centres of Cillaarshoek, De Klem, Mookhoek, Oudendijk, and Strijensas.
Borders of Denmark
The Kingdom of Denmark has existed with its current territory since 1920, although the last territorial dispute with Canada was only settled on 14 June 2022. The only land border of Denmark (proper) is that with Germany, with a length of 68 km (42 mi). Greenland, an autonomous country of the Danish Realm, also shares a border with Canada splitting Hans Island in half in which the border is 1.28 km (0.795 miles) long. The border along the territorial waters (12 nmi (22 km; 14 mi) zone)  with Sweden runs along the Øresund for a length of about 115 km (71 mi).

The exclusive economic zone (EEZ, 200 nmi (370 km; 230 mi) zone) of the Kingdom of Denmark (Greenland, Denmark (proper), Faroe Islands) borders those of Germany, the Netherlands, Poland, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Norway, Iceland and Canada. Maritime borders in the Baltic Sea were delineated with West Germany and Sweden in the 1980s and with Poland in 2018.

Denmark–Sweden border
The current national border between Denmark and Sweden dates to 1660.

It is entirely a maritime border, along Kattegat and Øresund, and in the Baltic Sea between Bornholm and Scania.
The  territorial waters (12 mile zone) of the two countries meet exclusively along  the Øresund, extending to approximately 115 kilometres (70 miles), between Höganäs and Falsterbo.
There is one road and rail connection, 16-kilometre-long (10-mile) Øresund fixed link, opened in 2000, besides a number of ferry links.
Paul Delvaux
Paul Delvaux (French: [dɛlvo]; 23 September 1897 – 20 July 1994) was a Belgian painter noted for his dream-like scenes of women, classical architecture, trains and train stations, and skeletons, often in combination. He is often considered a surrealist, although he only briefly identified with the surrealist movement. He was influenced by the works of Giorgio de Chirico and René Magritte, but developed his own fantastical subjects and hyper-realistic styling, combining the detailed classical beauty of academic painting with the bizarre juxtapositions of surrealism.

Throughout his long career, Delvaux explored "Nude and skeleton, the clothed and the unclothed, male and female, desire and horror, eroticism and death – Delvaux's major anxieties in fact, and the greater themes of his later work [...]".

René Magritte
René François Ghislain Magritte (French: [ʁəne fʁɑ̃swa ɡilɛ̃ maɡʁit]; 21 November 1898 – 15 August 1967) was a Belgian surrealist artist known for his depictions of familiar objects in unfamiliar, unexpected contexts, which often provoked questions about the nature and boundaries of reality and representation. His imagery has influenced pop art, minimalist art, and conceptual art.
Jackie Clark (philanthropist)
Jackie Clark QSM (born 1964) is a New Zealand philanthropist and advocate for women. She established The Aunties, a charity helping vulnerable women and children who have experienced domestic violence.

King's Service Medal
The King's Service Medal (created as the Queen's Service Medal in 1975 and renamed in 2024) is a medal awarded by the government of New Zealand to recognise and reward volunteer service to the community and also public service in elected or appointed public office. It was established in 1975 and is related to the King's Service Order. The QSM replaced the Imperial Service Medal as an award of New Zealand.

On 3 May 2024, the Queen's Service Medal was renamed to the King's Service Medal by Royal Warrant. Recipients of the Queen's Service Medal from 1975 until May 2024 will continue to use the 'QSM' postnominal letters with recipients of the King's Service Medal from June 2024 using the postnominal letters 'KSM'.
SuperValu (Ireland)
SuperValu is a supermarket chain that operates throughout the island of Ireland. SuperValu is operated as a symbol group; each supermarket is independently owned, with individual owners using the SuperValu format and selling the chain's own brand products. SuperValu outlets tend to be larger than the convenience shop formats used by many other symbol group retailers such as Centra, Gala and Spar, and the larger SuperValu units are on a par with full-service supermarkets. Their main competitors are Dunnes Stores and Tesco.

Gala (supermarket)
Gala is a convenience shop chain in Ireland. Established in 1998, as of 2021 Gala had approximately 250 shops nationwide, all under franchise. The symbol group is supplied by a number of independent wholesalers which were formerly part of the National Wholesale group (now known as Stonehouse). In 2008, the brand recognised its tenth year in business. Gary Desmond is the chief executive officer.
Newland Oak
The Newland Oak was a veteran oak tree in Newland, Gloucestershire in England.  Originally part of the ancient woodland of the Forest of Dean, it survived clearances that created the settlement of Newland and was afterwards pollarded for timber.  Its large size was often remarked upon through the years and it was considered a rival to the Cowthorpe Oak as the largest oak tree in Great Britain. Much of the tree fell during heavy snow in 1955 but a single branch of the tree survived until 1970 when it was killed during an arson attack. A replacement tree grown from one of the Newland Oak's acorns had been planted in 1964.

Cowthorpe Oak
The Cowthorpe Oak was an oak tree in Cowthorpe, North Yorkshire, England.  Renowned for its age and size it was sketched by the artist J. M. W. Turner.  At its greatest extent its canopy was said to cover 0.5 acres (2,000 m2) of land.  The tree declined in the late 18th century and lost several of its leading branches.  By 1822 many of its branches were almost completely rotten and it had been supported with wooden props.  The tree fell in 1950, apparently after having been struck by lightning.
Baselios Marthoma Mathews III
Baselios Marthoma Mathews III (born 12 February 1949) is the present Catholicos of the East and Malankara Metropolitan of the Malankara Church, serving as its primate. He was enthroned as the 22nd Malankara Metropolitan on 14 October 2021 and as the 9th Catholicos on 15 October 2021 at St. Peter and St. Paul's Church, Parumala, succeeding Baselios Marthoma Paulose II.

Baselios Marthoma Paulose II
Baselios Marthoma Paulose II (born K. I. Paul of West Mangad; 30 August 1946 – 12 July 2021) was the primate of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church. He was ordained in 1973, consecrated in 1985 and enthroned as the 8th Catholicos of the Malankara Church and the 21st Malankara Metropolitan on 1 November 2010, succeeding Didymos I.
PHPUnit
PHPUnit is a unit testing framework for the PHP programming language. It is an instance of the xUnit architecture for unit testing frameworks that originated with SUnit and became popular with JUnit. PHPUnit was created by Sebastian Bergmann and its development is hosted on GitHub.

JUnit
JUnit is a test automation framework for the Java programming language. JUnit is often used for unit testing, and is one of the xUnit frameworks.

JUnit is linked as a JAR at compile-time. The latest version of the framework, JUnit 6, resides under package org.junit.jupiter. Previous versions JUnit 4 and JUnit 3 were under packages org.junit and junit.framework, respectively.

A research survey performed in 2013 across 10,000 Java projects hosted on GitHub found that JUnit (in a tie with slf4j-api) was the most commonly included external library. Each library was used by 30.7% of projects.
Museum Tower (Dallas)
Museum Tower is a 42-story, 173.43 m (569.0 ft) skyscraper in the arts district of Dallas, Texas. Completed in January 2013, the building is the tallest new structure to be built in the city in recent years, and is now the second-tallest all-residential building in Dallas, behind Gables Republic Tower.

Republic Center
Republic Center is a mixed-use complex at 300 N. Ervay Street and 325 N. St. Paul Street in the City Center District of downtown Dallas, Texas (USA), adjacent to Thanks-giving Square. The complex is located diagonally across the street from DART's St. Paul Station, which serves its Blue, Red, Orange, and Green light rail lines. It also contains part of the Dallas Pedestrian Network, with shops and restaurants in the lower levels of the building and is connected to the Bullington Truck Terminal.
National Defence Radio Establishment
The National Defence Radio Establishment (Swedish: Försvarets radioanstalt, FRA) is a Swedish
government agency organised under the Ministry of Defence. The two main tasks of FRA are signals intelligence (SIGINT), and support to government authorities and state-owned companies regarding computer security.

The FRA is not allowed to initiate any surveillance on their own, and operates purely on assignment from the Government, the Government Offices, the Armed Forces, the Swedish Police Authority and Swedish Security Service (SÄPO).  Decisions and oversight regarding information interception is provided by the Defence Intelligence Court and the Defence Intelligence Commission; additional oversight regarding protection of privacy is provided by the Swedish Data Protection Authority.

Government of Sweden
The government of the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: Konungariket Sveriges regering) is the national cabinet of Sweden, and the country's executive authority.

The government consists of the prime minister and their cabinet ministers (Swedish: statsråd). The government is responsible for its actions to the Riksdag.

The prime minister is nominated by the Speaker of the Riksdag, and is elected and discharged by vote of the Riksdag. The cabinet ministers are appointed and dismissed at the discretion of the prime minister. The Speaker shall discharge cabinet ministers that have lost a vote of confidence in the Riksdag.

The short-form name regeringen ("the government") is used both in the Basic Laws of Sweden and in the vernacular, while the long-form is only used in international treaties.
Treaty with the Kalapuya, etc.
The Treaty with the Kalapuya, etc., also known as the Kalapuya Treaty or the Treaty of Dayton, was an 1855 treaty between the United States and the bands of the Kalapuya tribe, the Molala tribe, the Clackamas, and several others in the Oregon Territory. In it the tribes were forced to cede land in exchange for promised permanent reservation, annuities, supplies, educational, vocational, health services, and protection from ongoing violence from American settlers. The treaty effectively gave over the entirety of the Willamette Valley to the United States and removed indigenous groups who had resided in the area for over 10,000 years. The treaty was signed on January 22, 1855, in Dayton, Oregon, ratified on March 3, 1855, and proclaimed on April 10, 1855.

It is not to be confused with the Treaty with the Umpqua and Kalapuya of 1854, also known as the Treaty of Calapooia Creek.

Clackamas people
The Clackamas Indians are a band of Chinook of Native Americans who historically lived along the Clackamas River in the Willamette Valley, Oregon.

Today, Clackamas people are enrolled in the Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon.

In 1806, Lewis and Clark estimated their population to be 1,800. At the time the tribe lived in 12 villages located from the lower Columbia River to an area that is now called Oregon City. They resided towards the east side of the Willamette River. In February 1841, Reverend François Norbert Blanchet and Reverend Alvin F. Waller converted Clackamas Chief Popoh.

The Clackamas signed a treaty in the fall of 1851, which Oregon Superintendent Anson Dart failed to ratify. They signed another treaty on January 10, 1855, which was ratified on March 3, 1855. The Clackamas were promised $2,500 worth of resources, but the United States only paid a fifth of what was owed.
Marie of Courtenay
Marie de Courtenay (c. 1204 – September 1228) was Empress consort of Nicaea from 1219 until 1221. She was a daughter of Peter II of Courtenay and Yolanda of Flanders. She married Emperor Theodore I Laskaris of Nicaea. Marie served as regent for her younger brother, Baldwin II, Latin Emperor, in 1228, and styled herself "Empress of Constantinople."

Baldwin II, Latin Emperor
Baldwin II, also known as Baldwin of Courtenay (French: Baudouin de Courtenay; Greek: Βαλδουίνος Β΄ του Κουρτεναί; late 1217 – October 1273), was the last Latin Emperor ruling from Constantinople. He was the only Latin Emperor born in Constantinople.