hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hammer and Rifle
Hammer and Rifle: The Militarization of the Soviet Union, 1926-1933 is a historical account of the Soviet military's role and impact on the Soviet Union economy during the first five year plan. It also covers events immediately prior to this period. This book was written by David R. Stone and published by the University Press of Kansas in September, 2000.

David R. Stone
David Russell Stone (born 1968) is an American military historian and the William Eldridge Odom Professor of Russian Studies in the Strategy and Policy Department at the U.S. Naval War College.

Stone received a Bachelor of Arts degree in history and mathematics from Wabash College and a PhD degree in history from Yale University. He has taught at Hamilton College and from 2001 to 2015 at Kansas State University, where he served as the Pickett Professor of Military History.  He won the Marshall D. Shulman Book Prize of the Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies and the Best First Book Prize of the Historical Society for his first book, Hammer and Rifle: The Militarization of the Soviet Union, 1926-1933. He specializes in the military history of Russia and the Soviet Union. He has written a number of books and several dozen historical articles and book chapters on Russian and Soviet military history and foreign policy.
Théonoé
Théonoé  is an opera by the French composer Joseph François Salomon, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opera) on 3 December 1715. It takes the form of a tragédie en musique in a prologue and five acts. The libretto is by Simon-Joseph Pellegrin, using the pseudonym "La Roque".

Joseph François Salomon
Joseph François Salomon (April 1649 – 5 March 1732) was a French composer of the Baroque era. Born in Toulon, Provence, he learnt to play the bass viol and the harpsichord, and went to Paris to work as a musician for the royal family. He was 52 when he composed his first opera, the tragédie en musique Médée et Jason.
Gold Line (SacRT)
The Gold Line is a light rail transit line in the Sacramento Regional Transit District (SacRT) light rail system.  Operating between Sacramento Valley and Historic Folsom stations, the line runs primarily east-west in Sacramento (including downtown, Midtown, East Sacramento), portions of unincorporated Sacramento County, Rancho Cordova, Gold River and Folsom. Segments of the Gold Line run along the system's original alignment between 16th Street and Butterfield stations, which opened for service in 1987. The line has run in its modern configuration since June 2005, with extensions completed since then to Folsom and the downtown Amtrak station.

Sacramento County, California
Sacramento County (/ˌsækrəˈmɛntoʊ/ ⓘ) is located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,585,055. Its county seat is Sacramento, which has been the state capital of California since 1854.

Sacramento County is the central county of the Greater Sacramento metropolitan area. The county covers about 1,026 square miles (2,660 km2) in the northern portion of the Central Valley, on into Gold Country. Sacramento County extends from the low delta lands between the Sacramento River and San Joaquin River, including Suisun Bay, north to about ten miles (16 km) beyond the State Capitol and east into the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The southernmost portion of Sacramento County has direct access to San Francisco Bay. Since 2010, statewide droughts in California have further strained Sacramento County's water security.
Joe Mercer (jockey)
Joseph Mercer, OBE (25 October 1934 – 17 May 2021) was an English thoroughbred race horse jockey. He was active from 1947 to 1985, riding 2,810 winners in Britain. Mercer's nickname was "Smokin' Joe.”

He was apprenticed to trainer Frederick Sneyd, and he won his first British Classic race on Ambiguity in the 1953 Epsom Oaks as an apprentice. He was British flat racing Champion Apprentice in 1952 and 1953.

He subsequently worked as stable jockey for Jack Colling, Dick Hern, Henry Cecil and Peter Walwyn. While at Cecil's yard, he won his only British flat racing Champion Jockey's title in 1979. Mercer's most successful ride was Brigadier Gerard, who won all but one of 18 races between 1970 and 1972. Mercer won every British Classic except the Derby, although he twice was runner-up.

He retired as a jockey in November 1985, worked briefly as a jockey's agent, and then became racing manager for Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum in 1987. He retired in January 2006.

Peter Walwyn
Peter Tyndall Walwyn, MBE (1 July 1933 – 7 December 2017) was a British racehorse trainer. He was based at stables in the Lambourn, Berkshire, area and enjoyed his period of greatest success in the mid-1970s when he was British flat racing Champion Trainer twice.
Bologna massacre
The Bologna massacre (Italian: strage di Bologna) was a terrorist bombing of the Bologna Centrale railway station in Bologna, Italy, on the morning of 2 August 1980, which killed 85 people and wounded over 200. Several members of the neo-fascist terrorist organization Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari (NAR, Armed Revolutionary Nuclei) were sentenced for the bombing, although the group denied involvement. In 2020s investigations, and following prosecutions from the Bologna Corte d'Assise, declared Licio Gelli, along with other members of the masonic lodge and secret society Propaganda Due, as the mastermind behind the massacre.

Bologna Centrale railway station
Bologna Centrale is the main railway station in Bologna, Italy. The station is situated at the northern edge of the city centre. It is located at the southern end of the Milan-Bologna high-speed line, which opened on 13 December 2008, and the northern end of three lines between Bologna and Florence: the original Bologna-Florence line through Porretta Terme and Pistoia; the Bologna–Florence Direttissima via Prato, which opened on 22 April 1934 and the Bologna-Florence high-speed line, which opened to traffic on 13 December 2009.

Bologna Centrale is the fifth-busiest in Italy in terms of passenger movements (about 58 million passengers per year). It is, however, one of the busiest, along with Rome Termini Station, for the number of train movements per day (about 800).

The station is linked to Bologna Guglielmo Marconi Airport by the Marconi Express, a direct monorail line 5-kilometre (3.1 mi) in length, launched on 18 November 2020.
Alegranza
Alegranza (Spanish pronunciation: [aleˈɣɾanθa]) is an uninhabited island in the Atlantic Ocean, located off the coast of Africa and is in the province of Las Palmas in the Canary Islands, Spain. It is the northernmost point in the Canary Islands, and part of the Chinijo Archipelago. The island is part of the municipality of Teguise on Lanzarote.

Teguise (municipality)
Teguise (pronounced [teˈɣise]) is a municipality in the central part of the island of Lanzarote in the Las Palmas province in the Canary Islands. The population is 22,342 (as of 1 January 2019), and the area is 263.98 km2. It is located north of Arrecife and south of Haría. The seat of the municipality is the town of Teguise. The municipality also comprises a number of neighbouring islands including Graciosa (with 733 inhabitants in 2019), Alegranza, Roque del Este, Roque del Oeste and Montaña Clara.

The artist and architect César Manrique was born in the area. The insect of the island is the cochineal from which carmine, a dye, is extracted.
Forbes list of the World's 100 Most Powerful Women
Since 2004, Forbes, an American business magazine, has published an annual list of its ranking of the 100 most powerful women in the world. Edited by prominent Forbes journalists, including Moira Forbes, the list is compiled using various criteria such as visibility and economic impact. In 2025, the gauge was "where do women hold real power". The top 10 per year are listed below.

Sallie Krawcheck
Sallie L. Krawcheck (born November 28, 1964) is an American business executive who is the founder and former CEO of Ellevest, an investing platform for women launched in 2016. She was previously head of Bank of America's Global Wealth and Investment Management division.  She has been called "the most powerful woman on Wall Street."
Bampton Lectures (Columbia University)
40°48′27.2″N 73°57′45.2″W﻿ / ﻿40.807556°N 73.962556°W﻿ / 40.807556; -73.962556

The Bampton Lectures in America are a recurring series of lectures at Columbia University established in 1948 by a bequest of Ada Byron Bampton Tremaine and modeled on the original Bampton Lectures at the University of Oxford in England. Either a series of lectures, or single lecture, is delivered in New York during the academic year by a prominent scholar on a topic of their choosing in the areas of theology, art, science, or medicine. In accordance with the wishes of Ms. Tremaine, the lectures are delivered to a general audience and subsequently published.

Originally an annual event, only 12 lectures were delivered between 1969 and 2007, with two each for the entirety of the 1970s and the 1990s. Since 2007 the lectures have been held on a biennial basis.

Bampton Lectures
The Bampton Lectures at the University of Oxford, England, were founded by a bequest of John Bampton. They have taken place since 1780. On a number of occasions, especially in the 19th century, they attracted great interest and controversy.

Originally a series of lectures was held annually. In 1896 the income from the agricultural estate which formed the original bequest had reduced so much that the year's lectures were cancelled; since then they have usually been every two years. They continue to concentrate on Christian theological topics. It is a condition of the Bampton Bequest that the lectures are published by the lecturer; they have traditionally been published in book form, and recent ones are available as video recordings.
Dark Wings of Steel
Dark Wings of Steel is the tenth studio album by the Italian symphonic power metal band Rhapsody of Fire. It was released on November 22, 2013, in Europe and December 3, 2013, in the United States via AFM Records. Following the various line-up changes since the previous album From Chaos to Eternity in 2011, Dark Wings of Steel is the first album by the band to not feature guitarist and founding member Luca Turilli, the first with guitarist Roberto De Micheli, and the only album with bassist Oliver Holzwarth.

Fabio Lione
Fabio Tordiglione (born 9 October 1973), known professionally as Fabio Lione, is an Italian singer who has worked with many bands in the heavy metal genre. He was known for being the singer of Italian symphonic power metal band Rhapsody of Fire for 21 years. He later formed his own band Turilli / Lione Rhapsody with former Rhapsody of Fire guitarist Luca Turilli. He is also the current lead vocalist of Angra, and was the original singer of Labyrinth and Vision Divine.
Léon Duguit
Léon Duguit (1859–1928) was a leading French scholar of public law (droit public). After a stint at Caen from 1882 to 1886, he was appointed to a chair of constitutional law at the University of Bordeaux in 1892, where one of his colleagues was Émile Durkheim.

Duguit's novel objectivist theory of public law, developed in amicable rivalry with his colleague Maurice Hauriou of Toulouse, was to have a lasting effect on the development of these parts of law. In Duguit's opinion, the state was not a mythical Sovereign inherently superior to all its subjects, or even a particularly powerful legal person, but merely a group of people engaged in public service, the activity constituting and legitimising the state. Although critical of notions such as sovereignty, democracy, legal personhood and even property to the extent it is not legitimised by a social purpose, he distinguished himself from Marxists by emphasizing the function of the economy for the development of the state.

Maurice Hauriou
Maurice Hauriou (17 August 1856 – 12 March 1929) was a French jurist and sociologist whose writings shaped French administrative law in the late 19th and early 20th century.

Hauriou taught public law at the Toulouse School of Law at the Toulouse Capitole University beginning in 1888, and constitutional law from 1920 on. His work gave French administrative law a new dogmatic basis, including through his textbooks Précis de droit administratif et de droit public général (1892), Précis élémentaire de droit administratif (1925), Précis de droit constitutionnel (1923) and Principes de droit public (1910).
Cycling at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's omnium
The women's cycling omnium at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place at the London Velopark on 6 and 7 August 2012.

Laura Trott from Great Britain, the reigning World and European champion in the event, won the gold medal. Sarah Hammer from the United States took silver and Australia's Annette Edmondson won the bronze.

Annette Edmondson
Annette Edmondson (born 12 December 1991) is an Australian former cyclist who competed on the track with Cycling Australia's High Performance Unit (HPU). She also competed on the road for the Wiggle High5 team between 2015 and 2018.

Her greatest successes were the three gold medals she won at the UCI Track Cycling World Championships in the omnium and team pursuit, a competition in which she also secured further silver medals in the omnium (2012) and team pursuit (2012 and 2013). Edmondson also competed in the London 2012 Olympics, securing a bronze medal for Australia in the women's Omnium and finishing in fourth place in the Team pursuit. At the 2014 Commonwealth Games she claimed a silver in the individual pursuit and a gold in the scratch race, her first gold medal at an international level and her first Commonwealth title. In addition, she has competed at the National Track Championships with gold medal results at an elite level since 2012 in multiple disciplines.
Ministry of Finance (Suriname)
The Ministry of Finance and Planning (Dutch: Ministerie van Financiën en Planning) of Suriname is a government agency charged with the fiscal and financial implementation of government policies.

The duties of the ministry were determined by the National Assembly of Suriname in 1991 and then made some adjustments. Some of the areas of responsibility are financial and monetary policy, insurance, government bonds, treasury bills, management and supervision of state funds, national lotteries, postal services, import duties, excise duties and the central national accounting service.

Jacques Drielsma
Jacques Adam Drielsma
(14 October 1886 – 31 July 1974) was a Surinamese lawyer and notary who served as acting Prime Minister of Suriname in 1951, and Finance minister between 1949 and 1952. In 1957, he was sentenced to two years in prison for embezzlement.
Scythian religion
The Scythian religion refers to the mythology, ritual practices and beliefs of the Scythian cultures, a collection of closely related ancient Iranic peoples who inhabited Central Asia and the Pontic–Caspian steppe in Eastern Europe throughout Classical Antiquity, spoke the Scythian language (itself a member of the Eastern Iranic language family), and which included the Scythians proper, the Cimmerians, the Sarmatians, the Alans, the Sindi, the Massagetae and the Saka.

The Scythian religion is assumed to have been related to the earlier Proto-Indo-Iranian religion as well as to contemporary Eastern Iranic and Ossetian traditions, and to have influenced later Slavic, Hungarian and Turkic mythologies.

Proto-Indo-Iranian religion
Proto-Indo-Iranian religion was the religion of the Indo-Iranian peoples and includes topics such as the mythology, legendry, folk tales, and folk beliefs of early Indo-Iranian culture. Reconstructed concepts include the universal force *Hṛta- (Sanskrit rta, Avestan asha), the sacred plant and drink *sawHma- (Sanskrit Soma, Avestan Haoma) and gods of social order such as *mitra- (Sanskrit Mitra, Avestan and Old Persian Mithra, Miϑra) and *bʰaga- (Sanskrit Bhaga, Avestan and Old Persian Baga). Proto-Indo-Iranian religion is an archaic offshoot of Indo-European religion.
Platz der Luftbrücke (Berlin U-Bahn)
Platz der Luftbrücke is a Berlin U-Bahn station located on the U6. It is located under Platz der Luftbrücke and the south end of Mehringdamm on the border between Kreuzberg and Tempelhof, near the former Tempelhof International Airport, and is now named for the square there with its memorial to the victims of the Berlin Airlift.

Mehringdamm
The Mehringdamm is a street in southern Kreuzberg, Berlin. In the north it starts at Mehringbrücke and ends - with its southernmost houses already belonging to Tempelhof locality - on Platz der Luftbrücke. It is the historical southbound Berlin-Halle highway, now forming the federal route 96. The main junction of Mehringdamm is with the 19th-century ring road around Berlin's inner city, named Yorckstraße west, and Gneisenaustraße east of Mehringdamm.
FL1 (Lazio regional railways)
The FL1 (until 2012 FR1) is a regional rail route forming part of the Lazio regional railways network (Italian: ferrovie regionali del Lazio), which is operated by Trenitalia, and converges on the city of Rome, Italy.

The route operates over the infrastructure of the Florence–Rome railway, the Pisa–Livorno–Rome railway and the Rome–Fiumicino railway. Within the territory of the comune of Rome, it plays the role of a commuter railway. It is estimated that on average about 65,000 passengers travel on an FL1 train each day.

The electronic destination boards at stations show only the designation "R" (Regional train).

Orte railway station
Orte railway station (Italian: Stazione di Orte) serves the town and comune of Orte, in the region of Lazio, central Italy. Opened in 1865, it forms part of the Florence–Rome railway and the Ancona–Orte railway.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services are operated by Trenitalia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.
Pompeiu Hărășteanu
Pompeiu Hărășteanu (Romanian pronunciation: [pomˈpeju hərəʃˈte̯anu]; 14 September 1935 – 5 October 2016) was a Romanian operatic bass/basso profondo.

Born in Luduș, Hărășteanu was a graduate of the Ciprian Porumbescu Conservatory, Bucharest. He sang as a soloist for Oper Bonn, Germany, between 1968 and 1972. From 1972, he sang as a soloist of the National Opera in Bucharest. He was known for his low powerful voice and for opera roles such Osmin in Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail and Sarastro in Die Zauberflöte.

In 2002 he was awarded the National Order of Merit, Knight rank. He died in Bucharest in 2016, at age 81, and was buried in the city's Bellu Cemetery.

Luduș
Luduș  (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈluduʃ]; Hungarian: Marosludas or Ludas; Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈmɒroʃludɒʃ], German: Ludasch) is a town in Transylvania, Romania in Mureș County, 44 km (27 mi) south-west from the county's capital, Târgu Mureș.

Six villages are administered by the town: Avrămești (Eckentelep), Cioarga (Csorga), Ciurgău (Csorgó), Fundătura (Mezőalbisitelep or Belsőtelep), Gheja (Marosgezse), and Roșiori (Andrássytelep).
Spring House (Barryville, New York)
Spring House is a historic inn located at Barryville in Sullivan County, New York.  It was built as a residence about 1880 and almost immediately enlarged as a hotel and boarding house.  The original house is the 2-story main block with gable roof, a small south gable-roofed wing, and a two-by-two-bay rear wing.  Long narrow wings were added shortly after the original construction.  It is now configured as a long, narrow, rectangular building, two stories tall, eleven bays wide and two bays wide with a 2+1⁄2-story cross-gabled center section.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

Barryville, New York
Barryville is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Highland, Sullivan County, New York, United States. Previously known as "The River," the hamlet was renamed for William T. Barry, postmaster general under President Andrew Jackson.
Ryū Manatsu
Ryu Manatsu (真夏竜, Manatsu Ryū, born April 18, 1950 in Yokohama) is a Japanese actor, singer and voice actor perhaps best known for his role as Gen Ohtori/Ultraman Leo in the Ultraman Series. He performed the show's theme song heard in the first 13 episodes as well.

Ultraman Leo
Ultraman Leo (ウルトラマンレオ, Urutoraman Reo) is a Japanese tokusatsu television show and the sixth Ultraman show (or the seventh if Ultra Q is included) in the Ultra Series. Produced by Tsuburaya Productions, Ultraman Leo was aired between April 12, 1974, and March 28, 1975, with a total of 51 episodes. Tatsumi Nikamoto was the in-suit actor of the main character, Ultraman Leo.
Nancy Vaughan
Nancy Vaughan (born Nancy Barakat, and formerly Nancy Mincello) is an American politician who served as the 49th mayor of Greensboro, North Carolina from December 3, 2013 to December 2, 2025. Having previously served on the city council in district 4 and at large, she was elected mayor on November 5, 2013, with 59% of the vote. Vaughan was sworn in on December 3, 2013. She was reelected in 2015, 2017 and 2022.

Vaughan served as the executive director of the Guilford Green Foundation, an LGBT advocacy group, from February 2016 until January 2018.

2022 Greensboro mayoral election
The 2022 Greensboro mayoral election was held on July 26, 2022, to elect the mayor for Greensboro, North Carolina. Incumbent mayor Nancy Vaughan was reelected, entering a fourth term. After the 2022 election, she did not seek reelection. The election was postponed from 2021 to 2022 due to redistricting delays. The next general election has been scheduled for November 4, 2025, with the primary election scheduled to occur on October 7, with the filing period for candidates being between July 5 and 18.
FS Class ALn 668
The ALn 668 (Automotrice Leggera a nafta, Light Diesel motor car) series is a family of diesel railcars built by Fiat Ferroviaria between the year 50s and 1980s. The trains were built for the Italian public railway company Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), now Trenitalia as well as many Italian private railway operators. Types derived from the class have been built for the railway companies of other nations. Most of the trains are still in service today.

The forty units of the 2400 series were built entirely by Breda in Milan, Italy

The ALn 668 is considered the standard railcar of the FS. Class ALn 663 is quite similar, while maintaining the same mechanics, received a different classification exclusively for the new interior design that reduced the number from sixty-eight to sixty-three.

Trenitalia
Trenitalia SpA is the primary train operator of Italy, which was established in 2000. A subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane, itself owned by the Italian government, it was established following a European Union directive on the deregulation of rail transport. The company operates both regional and long-distance trains. It also operates or operated in the past through ownerships, subsidiary companies, or partnerships in France, Spain, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Among the company's high-speed train are Frecciarossa, Frecciargento, Frecciabianca, InterCity, and InterCity Notte. In 2024, Trenitalia was recognized as the best rail passenger operator in Europe.
Premium Motorsports
Premium Motorsports (formerly Jay Robinson Racing) was an American professional stock car racing team that competed in the NASCAR Cup Series. The team last fielded the No. 15 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 LE full-time for Brennan Poole, and the No. 27 Camaro part-time for Reed Sorenson.

On May 13, 2020, Premium Motorsports was acquired by Rick Ware Racing.

Justin Marks
Justin Marks (born March 25, 1981) is an American semi-retired racing driver, entrepreneur, and owner of Trackhouse Racing in the NASCAR Cup Series. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 10 Chevrolet Camaro for Kaulig Racing.

Marks has competed in sports car and stock car racing, competing in the ARCA Racing Series and NASCAR Camping World Truck Series. He also served as a road course ringer in the NASCAR Xfinity Series and Cup Series.