hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Johnstone Hope
Vice-Admiral Sir William Johnstone Hope, GCB (16 August 1766 – 2 May 1831) was a prominent and controversial British Royal Navy officer and politician in late eighteenth and early nineteenth century Britain, whose career experienced fleet actions, disputes with royalty, party politics and entry to both Russian and British orders of chivalry. A popular officer, Hope served with Nelson, Duncan and Lord Keith through several campaigns, making connections which enabled him to secure a lengthy political career after his retirement from the Royal Navy in 1804 due to ill-health. After 26 years in Parliament, Hope was largely inactive and instead served as a Lord of the Admiralty and commissioner of Greenwich Naval Hospital. Hope died in 1832 after 55 years of naval and political service and was buried in the family plot in Scotland.

Adam Duncan, 1st Viscount Duncan
Admiral Adam Duncan, 1st Viscount Duncan (1 July 1731 – 4 August 1804) was a Royal Navy officer best known for defeating the Batavian Navy at the 1797 Battle of Camperdown. The victory was one of the most significant naval battles in the French Revolutionary Wars.
Pesticide residue
Pesticide residue refers to the pesticides that may remain on or in food, after they are applied to food crops. The maximum allowable levels of these residues in foods are stipulated by regulatory bodies in many countries. Regulations such as pre-harvest intervals also prevent harvest of crop or livestock products if recently treated in order to allow residue concentrations to decrease over time to safe levels before harvest.

Maximum residue limit
The maximum residue limit (also maximum residue level, MRL) is the maximum amount of pesticide residue that is expected to remain on food products when a pesticide is used according to label directions, that will not be a concern to human health.
1898 LSU Tigers football team
The 1898 LSU Tigers football team represented the LSU Tigers of Louisiana State University during the 1898 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The Tigers, with new coach Edmond Chavanne, played only one game for the 1898 season. It was their third undefeated season.  Another outbreak of yellow fever similar to the one in 1897 caused LSU to play only one game. By the time LSU was able to play its only game of the season, Allen Jeardeau had departed from the school as head football coach, and no provision had been made to replace him.  The job of coach then fell to the team's captain, Edmond Chavanne, the only player-coach in LSU football history. 1898 marked the final year of play for William S. Slaughter. He was LSU's first five time football letterman.

LSU Tigers football
The LSU Tigers football program, also known as the Fighting Tigers, represents Louisiana State University in college football. The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).

LSU ranks 16th best in winning percentage in NCAA Division I FBS history and claims four national championships (1958, 2003, 2007, and 2019), 16 conference championships, and over 40 consensus All-Americans. Three players for the Tigers have won the Heisman Trophy: Billy Cannon (1959), Joe Burrow (2019), and Jayden Daniels (2023).

The team plays on the university's campus at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Lane Kiffin.
Aylesham railway station
Aylesham railway station is on the Dover branch of the Chatham Main Line; it serves the village of Aylesham, in Kent, England. It is 68 miles 66 chains (110.8 km) down the line from London Victoria, situated between Adisham and Snowdown. The station and all trains that call are operated by Southeastern.

Dover Priory railway station
Dover Priory railway station is the southern terminus of the South Eastern Main Line. It is the main station serving the town of Dover, in Kent, England; the other is Kearsney, on the outskirts. It is 77 miles 26 chains (124.4 km) down the line from London Victoria. The station and all trains that serve the station are operated by Southeastern. It is a 25 min walk away from the Ferry Port.
2004 Montana Grizzlies football team
The 2004 Montana Grizzlies football team represented the University of Montana as a member of the Big Sky Conference during the 2004 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by second-year head coach Bobby Hauck, the Grizzlies compiled an overall record of 12–3, with a mark of 6–1 in conference play, and finished as Big Sky co-champion. Montana advanced to the NCAA Division I-AA Football Championship playoffs, where the Grizzlies defeated Northwestern State in the first round, New Hampshire in the quarterfinal, Sam Houston State in the semifinal, but lost to James Madison in the NCAA Division I-AA Championship. The team played home games at Washington–Grizzly Stadium in Missoula, Montana.

Washington–Grizzly Stadium
Washington–Grizzly Stadium is an outdoor college football stadium in the western United States, located on the campus of the University of Montana in Missoula, Montana. Opened 39 years ago in 1986, it is home to the Montana Grizzlies, a member of the Big Sky Conference in Division I FCS (formerly Division I-AA).

Its infilled FieldTurf playing field is twenty feet (6 m) below ground level at an elevation of 3,190 feet (970 m) above sea level and runs in the traditional north–south orientation. The press box is above the west sideline and lights were added for the 2012 season.

With 25,217 seats, it is the largest all-purpose stadium in the state of Montana, and is the largest football stadium in the Big Sky Conference.
Quantificational variability effect
Quantificational variability effect (QVE) is the intuitive equivalence of certain sentences with quantificational adverbs (Q-adverbs) and sentences without these, but with quantificational determiner phrases (DP) in argument position instead.

1. (a) A cat is usually smart. (Q-adverb)

1. (b) Most cats are smart. (DP)

2. (a) A dog is always smart. (Q-adverb)

2. (b) All dogs are smart. (DP)

Analysis of QVE is widely cited as entering the literature with David Lewis' "Adverbs of Quantification" (1975), where he proposes QVE as a solution to Peter Geach's donkey sentence (1962). Terminology, and comprehensive analysis, is normally attributed to Stephen Berman's "Situation-Based Semantics for Adverbs of Quantification" (1987).

Donkey sentence
In semantics, a donkey sentence is a sentence containing a pronoun which is semantically bound but syntactically free. They are a classic puzzle in formal semantics and philosophy of language because they are fully grammatical and yet defy straightforward attempts to generate their formal language equivalents. In order to explain how speakers are able to understand them, semanticists have proposed a variety of formalisms including systems of dynamic semantics such as Discourse representation theory. Their name comes from the example sentence "Every farmer who owns a donkey beats it", in which "it" acts as a donkey pronoun because it is semantically but not syntactically bound by the indefinite noun phrase "a donkey". The phenomenon is known as donkey anaphora.
1991 Toronto Blue Jays season
The 1991 Toronto Blue Jays season was the franchise's 15th season of Major League Baseball. It resulted in the Blue Jays finishing first in the American League East with a record of 91 wins and 71 losses. The team's paid attendance of 4,001,527 led the major leagues, as the Blue Jays became the first team in MLB history to draw four million fans in a season. The Blue Jays hosted the All-Star Game on July 9.

Toronto lost the ALCS to the eventual World Series champion Minnesota Twins in five games.

Joe Carter
Joseph Chris Carter (born March 7, 1960) is an American former professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as an outfielder and first baseman for the Chicago Cubs, Cleveland Indians, San Diego Padres, Toronto Blue Jays, Baltimore Orioles, and San Francisco Giants.

Carter is a five-time MLB All-Star. He hit a walk-off home run to win the 1993 World Series for the Blue Jays, their second consecutive championship. Carter is one of only two players to end a World Series with a home run, the other being Bill Mazeroski in 1960. The Blue Jays inducted him into their Level of Excellence.
Brett Jones (gridiron football)
Brett Jones (born July 29, 1991) is a Canadian former professional football player who was a center in the National Football League (NFL) and Canadian Football League (CFL). He played for the New York Giants and Minnesota Vikings of the NFL, as well as the Calgary Stampeders of the CFL. After the 2012 CIS season, he was ranked as the eighth best player in the Canadian Football League's Amateur Scouting Bureau final rankings for players eligible in the 2013 CFL draft and fifth by players in Canadian Interuniversity Sport. He played CIS football for the Regina Rams.

2012 CIS football season
The 2012 CIS football season began on August 31, 2012 with the Saskatchewan Huskies hosting the Alberta Golden Bears at Griffiths Stadium. The season concluded on November 23 in Toronto, Ontario with the 48th Vanier Cup championship, won by the Laval Rouge et Or after they defeated the McMaster Marauders 37-14. This year, 26 university teams in Canada are scheduled to play Canadian Interuniversity Sport football, the highest level of amateur Canadian football.
The Dickey Club
The Dickey Club, often referred to as simply “The Dickey” (sometimes spelled “Dickie”), was a private social club at Harvard University, originally founded in 1851 as a chapter of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. The Club included members such as former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, and financier J.P. Morgan Jr. The Dickey merged with the Institute of 1770 forming the "Institute of 1770, D. K. E.", only to be absorbed by the Hasty Pudding Club in 1924.

Hasty Pudding Club
The Hasty Pudding Club, often referred to simply as the Pudding, is a social club at Harvard University, and one of three sub-organizations that comprise the Hasty Pudding - Institute of 1770. The historic clubhouse at 12 Holyoke Street was designed by Peabody and Stearns and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 9, 1978.

The year of founding for the Hasty Pudding Club is 1795. The Pudding claims to be the oldest collegiate social club in the United States. Historically, the club has been noted for its "prestigious" reputation and viewed as "the first step towards final club membership." An 1870 travel book listed the Hasty Pudding Club and the Porcellian Club as "the two lions of Harvard."
1966 Chicago White Sox season
The 1966 Chicago White Sox season was the team's 66th season in the major leagues, and its 67th season overall. Eddie Stanky managed the White Sox to a fourth-place finish in the American League with a record of 83–79, 15 games behind the first-place Baltimore Orioles.

Eddie Stanky
Edward Raymond Stanky (né Stankiewicz) (September 3, 1915 – June 6, 1999) was an American professional baseball second baseman, shortstop, and manager. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs, Brooklyn Dodgers, Boston Braves, New York Giants, and St. Louis Cardinals between 1943 and 1953. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

It took Stanky eight years to reach the major leagues at age 27, after starting out at Greenville, Mississippi, in the East Dixie League, where he was a teammate of future St. Louis Cardinals star Harry Brecheen, whom Stanky would manage in St. Louis in 1952. After spending a brief time as a player-manager, he transitioned to managing full-time, ending his MLB career in 1968, along with a brief return in 1977. In the interim, he had a successful run as an NCAA baseball manager.
Dortmund-Dorstfeld station
Dortmund-Dorstfeld is an S-Bahn station in Dortmund in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It the second most important S-Bahn node in the city after Dortmund Hauptbahnhof. It has four above-ground tracks, which are accessible via two island platforms and two underground tracks that are accessible via side platforms. The station is classified as a category 3 station. It is served by Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn lines S1, S2 and S4.

Dortmund Hauptbahnhof
Dortmund Hauptbahnhof is the main railway station in Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The station's origins lie in a joint station of the Köln-Mindener Eisenbahn and Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn which was built north of the city centre in 1847. That station was replaced by a new station, erected in 1910 at the current site. It featured raised embankments to allow a better flow of traffic.  At the time of its opening, it was one of the largest stations in Germany. It was, however, destroyed in an Allied air raid on 6 October 1944.

The main station hall was rebuilt in the year 1952 in a contemporary style. Its stained glass windows feature then-common professions of Dortmund.

The station has 190,000 passengers passing through each day.
1987 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1987 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame as an independent during the 1987 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by second-year head coach Lou Holtz, the Fighting Irish compiled a record of 8–4. Notre Dame was invited to the Cotton Bowl Classic, where the Fighting Irish lost to Texas A&M. The team played home games at Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana.

Tony Rice became the starting quarterback for Notre Dame following an injury to Terry Andrysiak.

1987 Texas A&M Aggies football team
The 1987 Texas A&M Aggies football team represented Texas A&M University as a member of the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1987 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by sixth-year head coach Jackie Sherrill, the Aggies compiled an overall record of 10–2 with a mark of 6–1 in conference play, winning the SWC title for the third consecutive season. Texas A&M earned a berth in the Cotton Bowl Classic, where the Aggies defeated Notre Dame. The team played home games at Kyle Field in College Station, Texas.
Zanniat
The Zanniat tribe are people of western Myanmar (Burma) who are a sub-group of the Chin peoples. The Zanniat tribe has fifty-seven sub-groupings and clans. The group's existence was recorded (along with three of its many sub-groups) in Burma's 1931 census after being absent in the Chin Hills gazette of 1896. In 1943, the Zanniat tribal groups of eastern Falam Township were recorded by Henry Stevenson (b. 1903, British colonial service in Burma). The Zanniat may also be known by similar sounding names such as Zahnyiet, Zanniet, Zanngiat and Zannaing.

Chin people
The Chin peoples (Burmese: ချင်းလူမျိုး, MLCTS: hkyang: lu. myui:, pronounced [tɕɪ́ɰ̃ lù mjó]) are collection of ethnic groups native to the Chin State, Myanmar that speak the Kuki-Chin-Mizo languages, which are closely related but mutually unintelligible. The Chin identity, as a pan-ethnic identity, is a modern construction, shaped by British rule and post-independence ethnic politics that has built upon older tribal and regional identities.
Electronic voice phenomenon
Within ghost hunting and parapsychology, electronic voice phenomena (EVP) are sounds found on electronic recordings that are interpreted as spirit voices. Parapsychologist Konstantīns Raudive, who popularized the idea in the 1970s, described EVP as typically brief, usually the length of a word or short phrase.

Enthusiasts consider EVP to be a form of paranormal phenomenon often found in recordings with static or other background noise. Scientists regard EVP as a form of auditory pareidolia (interpreting random sounds as voices in one's own language) and a pseudoscience promulgated by popular culture. Prosaic explanations for EVP include apophenia (perceiving patterns in random information), equipment artifacts, and hoaxes.

Parapsychology
Parapsychology is the study of alleged psychic phenomena (extrasensory perception, telepathy, teleportation, precognition, clairvoyance, psychokinesis (also called telekinesis), and psychometry) and other paranormal claims, for example, those related to near-death experiences, synchronicity, apparitional experiences, etc. Criticized as being a pseudoscience, the majority of mainstream scientists reject it. Parapsychology has been criticized for continuing investigation despite being unable to provide reproducible evidence for the existence of any psychic phenomena after more than a century of research.

Parapsychology research rarely appears in mainstream scientific journals; a few niche journals publish most papers about parapsychology.
2011 Texas Longhorns baseball team
The 2011 Texas Longhorns baseball team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 2011 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Longhorns played their home games at UFCU Disch-Falk Field. The team was coached by Augie Garrido in his 15th season at Texas.

The Longhorns reached the College World Series, but were eliminated by North Carolina.

2011 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 2011 NCAA Division I baseball tournament began on Friday, June 3, 2011 as part of the 2011 NCAA Division I baseball season.  The 64 team double elimination tournament concluded with the 2011 College World Series in Omaha, Nebraska, on June 29, 2011. This was the first CWS at the new venue, TD Ameritrade Park, after closing Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium, which hosted the series since 1950.

The 64 NCAA Division I college baseball teams were selected out of an eligible 300 teams. Thirty teams were awarded an automatic bid as champions of their conferences, and 34 teams were selected at-large by the NCAA Division I Baseball Committee. The University of South Carolina won their second straight CWS championship after winning the final CWS championship at historic Rosenblatt stadium the previous year.
Zimbabwean cricket team in the Netherlands in 2017
The Zimbabwe cricket team toured the Netherlands in June 2017 to play three List A matches. Some sources stated the matches would be One Day International (ODI) fixtures. However, the Netherlands do not have ODI status, so the matches were List A status only. The fixtures followed Zimbabwe's matches in Scotland. Zimbabwe won the series 2–1.

At the end of April 2017, the Netherlands announced a 24-man training squad ahead of the tour, which included Shane Snater, who was born in Zimbabwe. He was included in the final squad for the series. In September and October 2017, the Netherlands toured Zimbabwe, also playing three List A matches.

Shane Snater
Shane Snater (born 24 March 1996) is a Zimbabwean-born Dutch cricketer. He made his first-class debut for the Netherlands against Afghanistan in the 2015–17 ICC Intercontinental Cup on 29 July 2016. He made his List A debut against Hong Kong in the 2015–17 ICC World Cricket League Championship on 18 February 2017.
1949 Pacific Tigers football team
The 1949 Pacific Tigers football team was an American football team that represented the College of the Pacific—now known as the University of the Pacific—in Stockton, California as an independent during the 1949 college football season. In their third season under head coach Larry Siemering, the Tigers compiled an undefeated 11–0 record, were ranked No. 10 in the final AP poll, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 575 to 66. The Tigers' victories included a 34–7 besting of Cincinnati, a 62–14 victory over San Diego State, and a 45–6 victory over Utah.

Quarterback Eddie LeBaron was selected by both the Associated Press and International News Service as a first-team player on the 1949 All-Pacific Coast football team.

Larry Siemering
Lawrence Edwin Siemering (November 24, 1910 – July 27, 2009) was an American football player and coach. He played college football at the University of San Francisco and professionally in the National Football League (NFL) with the Boston Redskins in 1935 and 1936. Siemering served as the head football coach at the University of the Pacific in Stockton, California from 1947 to 1951 and at Arizona State University in 1951, compiling a career college football coached record of 41–8–4. He also was the head coach of the Canadian Football League's Calgary Stampeders in 1954. In all, Siemering's football career as a player and coach lasted more than forty years. At the time of his death, he was the oldest surviving professional football player at 98 years of age.
1998 WNBA season
The 1998 WNBA season was the Women's National Basketball Association's second season. The 1998 season saw two expansion teams join the league, the Detroit Shock and Washington Mystics with an expansion draft being held on February 18, 1998. The expansion teams allowed the defending champions, Houston Comets, to move to the Western Conference. The regular season was extended from 28 games to 30 games. During the season, Kelly Boucher became the first Canadian to play in the league, suiting up for the Charlotte Sting. The season ended with the Comets winning their second WNBA championship.

Kelly Boucher
Kelly Boucher (born 13 January 1968 in Calgary, Alberta) is a Canadian former basketball player who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics and in the 2000 Summer Olympics. She also played for the Charlotte Sting of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). During the 1998 WNBA season, Boucher became the first Canadian to play in the league.
Helmet Catch
The Helmet Catch was an American football play involving New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning and wide receiver David Tyree in the final two minutes of Super Bowl XLII on February 3, 2008. It featured Manning narrowly escaping a sack from three New England Patriots defensive players and throwing a forward pass, followed by Tyree making a leaping catch by pressing the ball against his helmet. The play, a 32-yard gain during a drive on which the Giants scored the game-winning touchdown, was instrumental in the Giants' 17–14 upset victory over the Patriots, who were on the verge of becoming the first National Football League (NFL) team to finish a season undefeated and untied since the 1972 Miami Dolphins, and the first since the NFL adopted a 16-game regular season in 1978. NFL Films' Steve Sabol called it "the greatest play the Super Bowl has ever produced". The play was also named by NFL Films as "The Play of the Decade (2000s)".  It was also the final catch of Tyree's NFL career.

Perfect season
A perfect season is a sports season, including any requisite playoff portion, in which a team remains and finishes undefeated (and typically, untied). The feat is extremely rare at the professional level of any team sport but has occurred more commonly at the collegiate and scholastic levels in the United States. A perfect regular season (known by other names outside the United States) is a season excluding any playoffs, where a team remains undefeated; it is less rare than a complete perfect season but still exceptional.

Exhibition games are generally not counted toward standings, for or against. For example, the 1972 Miami Dolphins lost three of preseason exhibition games but are considered to have had a perfect season.