hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stanford Financial Group
The Stanford Financial Group was a privately held international group of financial services companies controlled by Allen Stanford, until it was seized by American authorities in early 2009. Headquartered at 5050 Westheimer in Uptown Houston, Texas, it had 50 offices in several countries, mainly in the Americas, included the Stanford International Bank, and was said to have managed US$8.5 billion of assets for more than 30,000 clients in 136 countries on six continents.  On February 17, 2009, U.S. Federal agents placed the company into receivership due to charges of fraud. Ten days later, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission amended its complaint to accuse Stanford of turning the company into a "massive Ponzi scheme".

Receivership
In law, receivership is a situation in which an institution or enterprise is held by a receiver – a person "placed in the custodial responsibility for the property of others, including tangible and intangible assets and rights" – especially in cases where a company cannot meet its financial obligations and is said to be insolvent. The receivership remedy is an equitable remedy that emerged in the English chancery courts, where receivers were appointed to protect real property. Receiverships are also a remedy of last resort in litigation involving the conduct of executive agencies that fail to comply with constitutional or statutory obligations to populations that rely on those agencies for their basic human rights.
Konstantin Bulgakov
Konstantin Yakovlevich Bulgakov (Russian: Константин Яковлевич Булгаков; 31 December 1782 – 29 October 1835) was a diplomat, privy councillor, and postal administrator from the Russian Empire.

Konstantin Bulgakov served as the director of the Moscow Post Office. Since 1819 he was the director of Saint Petersburg Post Office. Bulgakov later became the director of the Postal Department of the Russian Empire. He and his brother Alexander Bulgakov, director of the Moscow Post Office, could freely correspond with each other because both were the top officers of the Russian Postal Service.

Mail
The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp, but a postage meter is also used for bulk mailing.

Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports.

The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets the rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized Agency of the United Nations.
PostNL
PostNL N.V., commonly known as PostNL (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpɔst ɛnˌɛl]) (formerly TNT N.V.) is a Dutch mail, parcel and e-commerce company with operations mainly in the Benelux area. It provides universal delivery in the Netherlands, and is publicly listed at Euronext Amsterdam. The company was known as TNT NV until TNT Express was separated from it in May 2011, and the remainder of the company was renamed PostNL.

Euronext Amsterdam
Euronext Amsterdam is a stock exchange based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Formerly known as the Amsterdam Stock Exchange (Dutch: Amsterdamse effectenbeurs), it merged on 22 September 2000 with the Brussels Stock Exchange and the Paris Stock Exchange to form Euronext. The registered office of Euronext, itself incorporated in the Netherlands a public limited company (naamloze vennootschap), is also located in the exchange.
2009–10 Dutch Basketball League
The 2009–10 Dutch Basketball League (DBL) was the 50th season of the Dutch Basketball League, the highest professional basketball league in the Netherlands. GasTerra Flames dominated throughout the regular season and lost just three games. Zorg en Zekerheid Leiden player Danny Gibson was league top scorer and won the Most Valuable Player award. GasTerra Flames eventually won its third title in team history, by beating World Class Aviation Academy Giants 4–1 in the playoff finals.

It was the first year the league was named the Dutch Basketball League (DBL), after previously being known as the Eredivisie.

DBL Most Valuable Player Award
The Dutch Basketball League Most Valuable Player Award is an annual award given to the most valuable player in the Dutch highest professional basketball league. The award is given after the regular season and was first handed out in 1974.

Six Dutch players have won the award so far, with Emmanuel Nzekwesi being the last winner in 2021. Kees Akerboom, Sr. (1980, 1981, 1985) and Leon Rodgers (2005–2007) are the all-time leaders in Dutch MVP awards.
Macaulay (surname)
Macaulay, Macauley, MacAulay, McAulay and McAuley are surnames of Irish origin originating in Westmeath, Leinster anglicized from Irish Mac Amhalghaidh in the English language. The surname is also found in Scotland of distinct, but related, origins due to Irish settling in Scotland. Some of the Irish Macaulays settled in Scotland during the reign of Robert the Bruce. There are several etymological origins for the names: all of which originated as patronyms in several Gaelic languages—Irish and Scottish Gaelic. Although the English-language surnames are ultimately derived from Gaelic patronyms, the English-language surnames, and the modern Gaelic-language forms do not refer to the actual name of the bearer's father.

Goidelic languages
The Goidelic (/ɡɔɪˈdɛlɪk/ goy-DEL-ik) or Gaelic languages (/ˈɡeɪlɪk/ GALE-ik; Irish: teangacha Gaelacha; Scottish Gaelic: cànanan Goidhealach; Manx: çhengaghyn Gaelgagh) form one of the two groups of Insular Celtic languages, the other being the Brittonic languages.

Goidelic languages historically formed a dialect continuum stretching from Ireland through the Isle of Man to Scotland. There are three modern Goidelic languages: Irish (Gaeilge), Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig), and Manx (Gaelg). Manx died out as a first language in the 20th century but has since been revived to some degree.
Charity Ministries
Charity Ministries, also called Charity Christian Fellowship, is a Conservative Anabaptist network of churches that was formed in 1982 in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.

As with other conservative Anabaptist Christian churches, the Charity Christian Fellowship seeks to emulate early Christianity and practices plain dress, believer's baptism, "feet washing, the devotional head covering, the holy kiss, non-swearing of oaths and practicing Biblical Nonresistance (As described in Matthew 5:45)."

Many members of the Charity Christian Fellowship have roots in other Anabaptist denominations that practice plain dress, though their emphasis on evangelism has led to individuals from non-Anabaptist Christian backgrounds becoming a part of the Charity Christian Fellowship as well.

Plain dress
Plain dress is a practice among some religious groups, primarily some Christian churches in which people dress in clothes of traditional modest design, sturdy fabric, and conservative cut. It is intended to show acceptance of traditional gender roles, modesty, and readiness to work and serve, and to preserve communal identity and separation from the ever-changing fashions of the world. For men, this often takes the form of trousers secured by suspenders, while for women, plain dress usually takes the form of a cape dress along with a headcovering (normatively a kapp or an opaque hanging veil).
WAIN (AM)
WAIN (1270 kHz) is an Infinity Sports Network–affiliated radio station licensed to Columbia, Kentucky, United States.  The station is owned by Forcht Broadcasting as part of a duopoly with country music station WAIN-FM (93.5 FM). WAIN's transmitter is located along KY 206 (Liberty Road) on the east side of Columbia.

In addition to its primary AM signal, WAIN maintains an FM translator as W250CL on 101.9 MHz. That station's transmitter is co-located with the AM.

Westwood One Sports (radio network)
Westwood One Sports (formerly Infinity Sports Network) is an American sports radio network programmed by Westwood One and Audacy, Inc. It debuted as CBS Sports Radio with hourly sports news updates on September 4, 2012, and with 24/7 programming on January 2, 2013.

At launch, programming on the network featured reporters and personalities from CBS Sports, CBS Sports Network, and CBSSports.com. Westwood One Sports is broadcast throughout the United States on radio affiliates and streamed online.
Eugen Maximilianovich, 5th Duke of Leuchtenberg
Prince Eugen Maximilianovich Romanowsky, 5th Duke of Leuchtenberg (8 February 1847 – 31 August 1901) was a son of Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Leuchtenberg and his wife, Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia Duke of Leuchtenberg. He succeeded his brother Nicholas Maximilianovich as the next Duke of Leuchtenberg, from 1891 until his death.

Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia, Duchess of Leuchtenberg
Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna Romanova of Russia (Russian: Мария Николаевна Романова) (18 August 1819 – 21 February 1876) was the daughter of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia, and sister of Alexander II. In 1839, she married Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg. She was an art collector and President of the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg.
Fubini's theorem on differentiation
In mathematics, Fubini's theorem on differentiation, named after Guido Fubini, is a result in real analysis concerning the differentiation of series of monotonic functions. It can be proven by using Fatou's lemma and the properties of null sets.

Monotonic function
In mathematics, a monotonic function (or monotone function) is a function between ordered sets that preserves or reverses the given order. This concept first arose in calculus, and was later generalized to the more abstract setting of order theory.
Succotash
Succotash is a North American vegetable dish consisting primarily of sweet corn with lima beans or other shell beans. The name succotash is derived from the Narragansett word sahquttahhash, which means "broken corn kernels". Other ingredients may be added, such as onions, potatoes, turnips, tomatoes, bell peppers, corned beef, salt pork, or okra. Combining a grain with a legume provides a dish that is high in all essential amino acids.

Lima bean
A lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), also commonly known as butter bean, sieva bean, double bean or Madagascar bean, is a legume grown for its edible seeds or beans.

Although lima beans and butter beans are the same species, they are sometimes considered distinct in culinary use, the former being small and green, the latter large and yellow. In areas where both are considered to be lima beans, the green variety may be labeled as "baby" (and less commonly "junior") limas.
Alfredo Fígaro
Alfredo Fígaro (born July 7, 1984) is a Dominican former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers and Milwaukee Brewers. He also played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Orix Buffaloes, the KBO League for the Samsung Lions, and the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) for the Uni-President Lions.

Uni-President 7-Eleven Lions
The Uni-President 7-Eleven Lions, stylized as Uni-President 7-ᴇʟᴇᴠᴇn Lions, also known as Uni-Lions (Chinese: 統一7-ᴇʟᴇᴠᴇn獅), are a professional baseball team playing in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL). The Lions are based in Tainan City, Taiwan and homefielded primarily at Tainan Municipal Baseball Stadium.

The organization is owned by Uni-President Corporation, one of Taiwan's largest conglomerates, whose subsidiary Uni-President Baseball Team Company oversees operations of the team. The Lions are the only CPBL team owned by the same parent company and played continuously since CPBL's founding season in 1990.
Eopteranodon
Eopteranodon (meaning "dawn Pteranodon (toothless wing)") is a genus of tapejarid pterosaur from the Aptian-age Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Beipiao City, Liaoning, China. The genus was named in 2005 by paleontologists Lü Junchang and Zhang Xingliao. The type species is Eopteranodon lii. A second species, E. yixianensis, was named in 2023, but its validity has been questioned.

Tapejaridae
Tapejaridae (from a Tupi word meaning 'the lord of the ways') is a family of azhdarchoid pterosaurs from the Cretaceous period. Members are currently known from Africa, Asia, Europe, South America and possibly North America. The most primitive genera were found in China, indicating that the family has an Asian origin.
Ellie Roebuck
Ellie Roebuck (born 23 September 1999) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Women's Super League club Aston Villa and the England national team. She previously played for Manchester City and Barcelona and represented Great Britain at the Olympics. With City, Roebuck won the Women's Super League once, and the FA Cup and League Cup three times each. With Barcelona, she is a Liga F, Copa de la Reina and Supercopa de España winner.

Women's League Cup
The Women's League Cup, also known as the Subway Women's League Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a league cup competition in English women's association football. The competition was originally open to the eight teams in the FA WSL, but since the WSL's restructuring to two divisions, it has featured 23 teams. Prior to this it was known as the FA WSL Cup. Following the completed takeover by Women's Professional Leagues Limited (WPLL), the cup is now referred to as the Women's League Cup.

Fourteen editions have been played, with Arsenal being the most successful club with seven titles.

Following a successful use of the VAR (Video Assistant Referee) and Goal line technology in the 2023 Womens FA Cup final, they were used for the first time in the competions history in the 2024 final and both have been used in the finals since.
Lesbian erotica
Lesbian erotica is artistic depiction of lesbianism, which is the expression of female-on-female sexuality. Lesbianism has been a theme in erotic art since at least the time of ancient Rome, but much of the written material from the early modern period has been destroyed.

For much of the history of cinema and television, lesbianism was considered taboo. Since the 1960s, lesbian erotica has increasingly become a genre in its own right. Lesbian sexual content made its way into softcore movies and erotic thrillers.

Softcore pornography
Softcore pornography or softcore porn is commercial still photography, film, imagery, text or audio content that has a pornographic or erotic component but which is less sexually graphic than hardcore pornography, lacking sexual penetration and other sexual activities. It typically contains nude or semi-nude models or actors in suggestive poses or scenes, and is intended to be sexually arousing and beautiful in an aesthetic sense.

The distinction between softcore pornography and erotic photography, or erotic art such as Vargas girl pin-ups, is largely a matter of debate. When the subject is naked, the image must be differentiated from nude art, and photos belong within the broader category of nude photography.
Madobe Nunow
Madobe Nunow Mohamed (Somali: Madoobe Nuunow Maxamed; 1948 — 29 October 2017) is a Somali politician. He was the second president of South West State of Somalia.

He was a prominent leader representing the southern regions and played an influential role in Somali politics, particularly advocating for the South West region's interests within the Somali Parliament before becoming president.

In his role as president from 2014 until his death, Madobe Nunow worked on stabilizing the South West State amidst Somalia's ongoing civil conflict. His leadership was marked by initiatives to enhance development, support reconciliation, and strengthen governance, helping advance the region’s integration into Somalia’s federal system.

South West State of Somalia
The South-West State of Somalia
(Somali: Koonfur Galbeed, Maay: Koofur Orsé) is a federal member state in southwestern Somalia. It was founded by Mohamed Ibrahim Habsade, leader of the Somalia RRA on 1 April 2002. It was the third autonomous region to be established.

After its dissolution in 2005, the territory was re-established in November 2009 as an official federal member state of Somalia. Sharif Hassan was selected the president of this state. The official capital of South-West state is Barawa, located on the coast of the Somali Sea, though the state administration is currently based in Baidoa.
Vassar Clements
Vassar Carlton Clements (April 25, 1928 – August 16, 2005) was an American jazz, swing, and bluegrass fiddler. Clements has been dubbed the Father of Hillbilly Jazz, an improvisational style that blends and borrows from swing, hot jazz, and bluegrass along with roots also in country and other musical traditions. He was posthumously inducted into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame in 2018.

Swing music
Swing music is a style of jazz that developed in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It became nationally popular from the mid-1930s. Swing represents the most famous era of jazz as a genre of entertainment, before the emergence of modern jazz. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise on the melody over the arrangement. The danceable swing style of big bands and bandleaders such as Fletcher Henderson and Benny Goodman was the dominant form of American popular music from 1935 to 1946, known as the swing era, when people were dancing the Lindy Hop. The verb "to swing" is also used as a term of praise for playing that has a strong groove or drive. Big band leaders of the swing era include Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Jimmie Lunceford, Cab Calloway, Benny Carter, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Earl Hines, Bunny Berigan, Harry James, Lionel Hampton, Glenn Miller, and Artie Shaw.
Rosa Malmström
Rosa Astrid Tyra Malmström (1906–1995) was a Swedish feminist, schoolteacher and librarian. She is remembered in particular for her focus on women's literature while working at University of Gothenburg Library from 1938 until her retirement. Recognising the discrimination suffered by women in the library classification system, together with the literary historian Asta Ekenvall and the women's rights activist Eva Pineus, in 1958 she co-founded Kvinnohistorisk Arkiv, a foundation devoted to women's studies which in 1971 became known as Kvinnohistorisk Samlingarna (Women's Historical Collection), now KvinnSam. Malmström's significant contribution to Nordic biographical research was recognized by University of Gothenburg in 1987 when she was awarded the title of honorary professor. In 1994, the Swedish government promoted her to full professor.

University of Gothenburg
The University of Gothenburg (Swedish: Göteborgs universitet) is a public university in Gothenburg, Sweden. Founded in 1891, the university is the third-oldest of the current Swedish universities and, with 53,624 students and 6,707 staff members, it is one of the largest universities in the Nordic countries.
Shadow Cabinet of Kyriakos Mitsotakis
The Shadow Cabinet of Kyriakos Mitsotakis was announced on 21 January 2016, ten days after the election of Kyriakos Mitsotakis as President of New Democracy. As Leader of the Opposition, Mitsotakis could appoint a shadow cabinet to assist him in his duties.

Many members of the shadow cabinet were appointed ministers in Mitsotakis' government in July 2019.

Leader of the Official Opposition (Greece)
The Leader of the Official Opposition (Greek: Αρχηγός της Αξιωματικής Αντιπολίτευσης) is the politician who leads the biggest opposition party in Greece.

Today Leader of the Official Opposition is the President of the parliamentary group of PASOK – Movement for Change, Nikos Androulakis.
Emanuel Vogel Gerhart
Emanuel Vogel Gerhart (Freeburg, Pennsylvania, 13 June 1817 – Lancaster, Pennsylvania, 6 May 1904) was an American minister of the German Reformed Church and first president of Franklin and Marshall College. Some consider Gerhart the systematizer of Mercersburg Theology. He wrote the first complete Christocentric theology in nineteenth century America.

Protestantism in Germany
Protestantism (German: Protestantismus), a branch of Christianity, was founded within Germany in the 16th-century Reformation. It was formed as a new direction from some Roman Catholic principles. It was led initially by Martin Luther and later by John Calvin.
Academic dress of the University of Toronto
Founded in 1827, the University of Toronto has a long history of academic dress as one of the oldest universities in Canada.

Apart from convocation ceremonies, some students and faculty have historically worn gowns during classes and university events. Use of gowns outside of convocation is mainly tied to the history of individual colleges, most notably Trinity College, one of the oldest federated colleges within the University of Toronto, which has had the longest tradition of wearing such gowns and the only one that enforces the practice to this day.

Academic dress
Academic dress is a traditional form of clothing for academic settings, mainly tertiary (and sometimes secondary) education, worn mainly by those who have obtained a university degree (or similar), or hold a status that entitles them to assume them (e.g., undergraduate students at certain old universities). It is also known as academical dress, academicals, or academic regalia.

Contemporarily, it is commonly seen only at graduation ceremonies, but formerly academic dress was, and to a lesser degree in many ancient universities still is, worn daily. Today, the ensembles are distinctive in some way to each institution, and generally consist of a gown (also known as a robe) with a separate hood, and usually a cap (generally a square academic cap, a tam, or a bonnet). Academic dress is also worn by members of certain learned societies and institutions as official dress.
Azeglio Vicini
Azeglio Vicini Grande Ufficiale OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [adˈdzeʎʎo viˈtʃiːni]; 20 March 1933 – 30 January 2018) was an Italian football coach and player, who also served as the President of the Technical Sector of the Italian Football Federation (FIGC).

One of Italy's most important coaches during the eighties, Vicini coached the Italy under-21 side, reaching the semi-final of the 1984 UEFA European Under-21 Championship, and final of the 1986 UEFA European Under-21 Championship; he later coached the Italy national side, reaching the semi-finals of UEFA Euro 1988, and leading the team to another semi-final, and eventually a third-place finish, in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, in Italy.

Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian: Ordine al merito della Repubblica Italiana) is the most senior Italian order of merit. It was established in 1951 by the second president of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi.

The highest-ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of science, literature, arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers.

The order effectively replaced national orders such as the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362).