hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henry Herbert, 1st Earl of Carnarvon
Henry Herbert, 1st Earl of Carnarvon PC (20 August 1741 – 3 June 1811), known as The Lord Porchester from 1780 to 1793, was a British Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1768 to 1780 when he was raised to the peerage as Baron Porchester. He served as Master of the Horse from 1806 to 1807 in the Ministry of All the Talents headed by Lord Grenville.

William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville
William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville (25 October 1759 – 12 January 1834) was a British Pittite Tory politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1806 to 1807, but was a supporter of the Whigs for the duration of the Napoleonic Wars. As prime minister, his most significant achievement was the abolition of the slave trade in 1807. However, his government failed to either make peace with France or to accomplish Catholic emancipation and it was dismissed in the same year.
Stanley Ismay
Sir Stanley Ismay, KCSI (1 July 1848 – 8 June 1914) was a British civil servant and judge in British India, where he spent most of his career in the Central Provinces, acting as Chief Commissioner in 1906. After resigning from the civil service, he was a member of the Imperial Legislative Council 1905–1908, and Chief Judge of the Chief Court of Mysore from 1908 to 1912.

Karnataka High Court
The High Court of Karnataka (IAST: Karnāṭaka Ućća Nyāyālaya, commonly referred to as the Karnataka High Court and formerly known as the Mysore High Court, is the highest judicial authority of the Indian state of Karnataka. The court's principal bench is located in Bengaluru, the capital city of Karnataka, with additional benches in Hubballi-Dharwad and Kalaburagi. In Bengaluru, the High Court operates from a red-painted brick building known as the Attara Kacheri, located opposite the Vidhana Soudha, the seat of the Karnataka Legislature.
German submarine U-4705
German submarine U-4705 was a Type XXIII U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 7 July 1944 and was laid down on 10 November 1944 at Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft AG, Kiel, as yard number 947. She was launched on 11 January 1945 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Martin Landt-Hayen on 2 February 1945.

Type XXIII submarine
German Type XXIII submarines were the first so-called elektroboote ("electric boats") to become operational. They were small coastal submarines designed to operate in the shallow waters of the North Sea, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea, where larger Type XXI electric boats were at risk in World War II. They were so small they could carry only two torpedoes, which had to be loaded externally. As with their far larger sisters—the Type XXI—they were able to remain submerged almost all of the time and were faster than conventional U-boats, due to the improved streamlining of their shape, batteries with larger capacity and the snorkel, which allowed the diesel engines to be used while submerged. The Type XXI and XXIII U-boats revolutionized post-war submarine design. Nearly a thousand Type XXIII boats were projected towards the close of World War II, but most of these were either cancelled, scrapped incomplete, or only projected.
Herodian kingdom
The Herodian kingdom was a client state of the Roman Republic, later Roman Empire, ruled from 37 to 4 BCE by Herod the Great, who was appointed "King of the Jews" by the Roman Senate. When Herod died, the kingdom was divided among his sons into the Herodian tetrarchy.

The Herodian kingdom included the regions of Judea, Idumea, Samaria, and Galilee, as well as several regions east of the Jordan River—Perea, Batanaea, Auranitis, and Trachonitis.

Batanaea
Batanaea or Batanea was an area often mentioned between the first century BCE and the fourth century CE. It is often mixed with the biblical Bashan, the part of the Biblical Holy Land, northeast of the Jordan River, as its Latinized form.

Bashan was, in biblical context, the whole region east of the Jordan, above Gadara and Abila until the Jabal al-Druze, the old Hauran (Bashan) mountains.
Russian military commissariats attacks
A series of Molotov cocktail arson attacks and shootings took place in Russian military commissariat registration and enlistment offices following the start of the country's invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Other governmental buildings were also attacked in multiple regions of Russia. Part of the Russian partisan and anti-war movements, the attacks were spurred by several factors, including the invasion of Ukraine, the deployment of Russian conscripts to the front line, the start of spring conscription, and rumors about possible mobilization in the country, which were later found to be true.

Commissariat offices recruit servicemen to the Russian Army and choose who is eligible and ineligible for service. The attacks were not a single coordinated campaign; and were led by a variety of people, from left-wing anarchists and scammers to far-right groups and assorted lone wolf actors.

Russian partisan movement (2022–present)
An underground Russian partisan movement against the Federal Government of Russia has started appearing since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (which Ukraine officially calls "Large-Scale Armed Aggression" and what Russia calls a "Special Military Operation" (SMO). Both belligerents have avoided declaring war on each other, and prefer to use the above-mentioned designations to refer to the Conflict), Anti-Russian and pro-Ukrainian partisan movements have emerged following the escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian war. These armed movements act against the Russian Federation, as well as against the civilian populations of Russia, its authorities, and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, with the aim of stopping the war.
Bayannurosaurus
Bayannurosaurus is a non-hadrosauriform ankylopollexian ornithopod described in 2018 by Xu Xing. It lived during the early Aptian period, being found in the Bayin-Gobi Formation of China. The genus includes the type species Bayannurosaurus perfectus. A phylogenetic analysis of Bayannurosaurus indicates that it is more derived than Hypselospinus, yet less derived than Ouranosaurus and just outside of the Hadrosauriformes. It was a large iguanodontian, measuring up to 9 metres (30 ft) in total body length. The genus name Bayannurosaurus comes from Bayannur, the area where it was found, while the species name perfectus comes from the "perfect" preservation of the holotype specimen (IMMNH PV00001).

Ouranosaurus
Ouranosaurus is a genus of herbivorous basal hadrosauriform dinosaur that lived during the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous of modern-day Niger and Cameroon. Ouranosaurus measured about 7–8.3 metres (23–27 ft) long and weighed 2.2 metric tons (2.4 short tons). Two rather complete fossils were found in the Elrhaz Formation, Gadoufaoua deposits, Agadez, Niger, in 1965 and 1970, with a third indeterminate specimen known from the Koum Formation of Cameroon. The animal was named in 1976 by French paleontologist Philippe Taquet, the type species being Ouranosaurus nigeriensis. The generic name is a combination of ourane, a word with multiple meanings, and sauros, the Greek word for lizard. The specific epithet nigeriensis alludes to Niger, its country of discovery (in Latin, the adjectival suffix -iensis means "originating from"). As such, Ouranosaurus nigeriensis could be interpreted as "brave lizard originating from Niger".
California State Route 66
State Route 66 (SR 66) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that runs along a section of former U.S. Route 66 (US 66) in Los Angeles and San Bernardino counties. It goes from SR 210 in La Verne east to Interstate 215 (I-215) in San Bernardino. The route primarily runs along Foothill Boulevard before becoming part of Fifth Street in San Bernardino. Though some maps and signs may still mark SR 66 as continuous through the cities of Claremont, Upland, Rancho Cucamonga, and Fontana, control of segments within those cities were relinquished to those local jurisdictions and are thus no longer officially part of the state highway system.

Rancho Cucamonga, California
Rancho Cucamonga (/ˌræntʃoʊ kuːkəˈmʌŋɡə/ RAN-choh KOO-kə-MUNG-gə) is a city located just south of the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains and Angeles National Forest in San Bernardino County, California, United States. About 37 mi (60 km) east of Downtown Los Angeles, Rancho Cucamonga is the 28th most populous city in California. The city's seal, which centers on a cluster of grapes, alludes to the city's agricultural history including wine-making. The city's proximity to major transportation hubs, airports, and highways has attracted the business of several large corporations, including Coca-Cola, Frito-Lay, Big Lots, Mercury Insurance Group, Southern California Edison, and Amphastar Pharmaceuticals.

The city had a population of 174,453 according to the 2020 United States census.

The Jack Benny Program popularized the city's name, in particular the word "Cucamonga".
28D
28D is the term used to refer to the 28 December 2017 press conference of the Central Bank of Argentina together with the Treasury in which they changed their inflation target. This event is the beginning of the loss of confidence that sparked the beginning of the 2018 Argentine monetary crisis.

Ministry of Economy (Argentina)
The Ministry of Economy (Spanish: Ministerio de Economía) of Argentina is the country's state treasury and a ministry of the national executive power that manages economic policy.

The Ministry of Economy is one of the oldest ministries in the Argentine government, having existed continuously since the formation of the first Argentine executive in 1854, in the presidency of Justo José de Urquiza – albeit under the name of Ministry of the Treasury. The current minister responsible is Luis Caputo, who has served since 2023 in the cabinet of Javier Milei.
WALA-TV
WALA-TV (channel 10) is a television station licensed to Mobile, Alabama, United States, serving as the Fox affiliate for southwest Alabama and northwest Florida. Owned by Gray Media alongside Telemundo affiliate WMBP-LD (channel 31), the station maintains studios on Satchel Paige Drive in Mobile, with an additional studio and news bureau on Executive Plaza Drive in Pensacola, Florida; its transmitter is located in Spanish Fort, Alabama.

WALA-TV operates a 24-hour local weather channel called "Weather Now" which is available on Cox Communications digital channel 698 in Pensacola; it is not carried on Comcast Xfinity on the Alabama side of the market.

Gray Media
Gray Media, Inc. is an American publicly traded television broadcasting company based in Atlanta. Founded in 1946 by James Harrison Gray as Gray Communications Systems, the company is the third-largest television station operator in the United States by number of stations, owning or operating 180 stations across the United States in 113 markets. Its station base consists of media markets ranging from as large as Atlanta to one of the smallest markets, North Platte, Nebraska.

In terms of quantity and numerical total, Gray Media is the largest group owner and operator of NBC-affiliated stations (with a total of 64 affiliates), ahead of Nexstar Media Group and Tegna Inc., and the second-largest group owner and operator of ABC affiliates, behind Sinclair Broadcast Group.
2018 Canada Women's Sevens
The 2018 Canada Women's Sevens was the fourth tournament within the 2017–18 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series and the fourth edition of the Canada Women's Sevens to be played in the series. It was held over the weekend of 12–13 May 2018 at Westhills Stadium in Langford, British Columbia.

2017–18 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series
The 2017–18 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series was the sixth edition of the global circuit for women's national rugby sevens teams, organised by World Rugby. Five tournament events were scheduled on the 2017–18 circuit and twelve teams competed in each tournament.
Hughey Run
Hughey Run is a 1.84 mi (2.96 km) long 1st order tributary to Bilger Run in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania.  This is the only stream of this name in the United States.  Hughey Run has been and continues to impacted by acid mine drainage (AMD), though not to the extent of Kratzer Run.

Bilger Run
Bilger Run is a 5.05 mi (8.13 km) long 2nd order tributary to Kratzer Run in Clearfield County, Pennsylvania and Kratzer Run's largest and only named tributary.  Its watershed accounts for nearly half of the greater Kratzer Run watershed.  This is the only stream of this name in the United States.  Bilger Run has an ID number of 1169617 from the US Board of Geographic Names.
Inabtanin
Inabtanin is an extinct genus of azhdarchoid pterosaurs from the Late Cretaceous Muwaqqar Formation of Jordan. The genus contains a single species, I. alarabia, known from a partial skeleton. Inabtanin represents one of the most complete pterosaur taxa known from the Afro-Arabia region.

Azhdarchoidea
Azhdarchoidea (/æʒdɑːrˈkɔɪdɪːə/, meaning "azhdarchid-like forms") is a group of pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea.  Pterosaurs belonging to this group lived throughout the Early and Late Cretaceous periods, with one tentative member, Tendaguripterus, that lived in the Late Jurassic period.  Remains of this group have been found in the Americas, Africa, and Eurasia, suggesting that they probably had a global distribution.

Azhdarchoids are generally distinguished from other pterodactyloids by their relatively low arm-to-leg-length ratio, suggesting that they were more proficient in moving on the ground than pterosaurs like Pteranodon or Anhanguera (which had very long arms relative to the length of their legs).  This has led some researchers to suggest that many azhdarchoids, such as the azhdarchids and dsungaripterids, may have been primarily terrestrial, while retaining the ability to fly when necessary.
Weekly Illustrated
Weekly Illustrated was a weekly British magazine.

The magazine was launched in 1934 by Odhams Press, publishers of the Daily Herald. Under the editorship of Stefan Lorant (1901–1997) it was the first British picture magazine that was based on European ideas of photo reportage. Photojournalists contributing to the magazine included Bill Brandt and Felix H. Man. There were sometimes special issues for notable occasions such as coronations and royal birthdays, or selected topics such as the Queen Mary liner. Journalists working with Stefan Lorant included Tom Hopkinson (1905–1990), later knighted in 1978. Both were also editors of the magazine Picture Post. In 1939 the Weekly Illustrated changed its name to Illustrated when it merged with The Passing Show. It continued to be published until 1958 when it was incorporated into John Bull.

Picture Post
Picture Post was a photojournalistic magazine published in the United Kingdom from 1938 to 1957.  It is considered a pioneering example of photojournalism and  was an immediate success, selling 1,000,000 copies a week after only two months. It has been called the UK's equivalent of Life magazine.

The magazine's editorial stance was liberal, anti-fascist, and populist, and from its inception, Picture Post campaigned against the persecution of Jews in Nazi Germany. In the 26 November 1938 issue, a picture story was run entitled "Back to the Middle Ages": photographs of Adolf Hitler, Joseph Goebbels and Hermann Göring were contrasted with the faces of those scientists, writers and actors they were persecuting.
Jo Bamford
Joseph Cyril Edward Bamford CBE (born December 1977) is a British businessman. He is the owner of Wrightbus, a UK-based bus manufacturer.

He founded a green hydrogen investment fund in 2021 and subsequently became involved in a number of hydrogen-focused businesses. Bamford is also a board member of JCB, which was founded by his grandfather.

JCB (heavy equipment manufacturer)
J.C. Bamford Excavators Limited, commonly known as JCB, is a British multinational manufacturer of equipment for construction, agriculture, waste handling, and demolition. It was founded in 1945 and is based in Rocester, Staffordshire, England.

The word "JCB" is also often used colloquially as a generic description for mechanical diggers and excavators, and the word appears in the Oxford English Dictionary, although it is still held as a trademark.
Bannur
Bannur is a municipality in T.Narasipura Taluk, Mysore district in the state of Karnataka, India. It is located at 12°20′N 76°52′E﻿ / ﻿12.33°N 76.86°E﻿ / 12.33; 76.86. It has an average elevation of 654 metres (2,146 ft) T.Narasipura Taluk Near Somanathapur Temple. It is about 25 kilometers from the city of Mysuru and around 30 kilometres (19 mi)30 kilometers from Mandya

Somanathapura
Somanathapura, also spelled Somnathpur  temple or Somanathpura  is a town in T Narasipura Taluk, Mysore district in the state of Karnataka in India. It is located 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Keshava Temple at Somanathapura (Also called Keshava temple).
Party Mix!
Party Mix! is a remix album by American new wave band the B-52's, released in 1981 by Warner Bros. (US) and Island Records (Europe, Japan). It features three songs from their first studio album, The B-52's (1979), and three songs from their second LP, Wild Planet (1980). It has received generally good reviews. Commercially, the album peaked at number 55 in the US and number 36 in the UK.

Wild Planet
Wild Planet is the second studio album by American new wave band the B-52's, released in August 1980 by Warner Bros. (US) and Island Records (Europe, Japan).

As with their first album, the B-52's traveled to Compass Point Studios in the Bahamas to record Wild Planet. Several of the songs from the album had been concert staples since 1978. The band did not record them for their first album, as they had more songs than could fit in a quality LP record.
Prairie Schooners
Prairie Schooners is a 1940 American Western film directed by Sam Nelson, and stars Wild Bill Elliott, Evelyn Young, and Dub Taylor. It is the first in Columbia Pictures' series of 12 "Wild Bill Hickok" films, followed by Beyond the Sacramento.

Beyond the Sacramento
Beyond the Sacramento is a 1940 American Western film directed by Lambert Hillyer and written by Luci Ward. The film stars Wild Bill Elliott, Evelyn Keyes, Dub Taylor, John Dilson, Bradley Page and Frank LaRue. The film was released on November 11, 1940, by Columbia Pictures. It is the second in Columbia Pictures' series of 12 "Wild Bill Hickok" films, followed by The Wildcat of Tucson.
Elath
Elath (Hebrew: אֵילַת, Modern: Elat, Tiberian: ʼÊláṯ; Latin: Aila; Ancient Greek: Ελά, Ἀηλά, Αἴλανα, Αἰλανίτης, Αἰλανή, Ἐλάνα, Αἴλανον, Αἰλάς, Αἰλάθ, Αἰλών, Ἡλάθ, Αϊλά), or Eloth, was an ancient city mentioned in several places in the Hebrew Bible on the northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba. It was in the same vicinity as Ezion-Geber.

The name survived into the Roman period as Aela, adopted into Byzantine Greek as Aila and into Arabic as Aylah (the Arab settlement was built outside the ruins of the ancient city), later becoming Aqabat Aylah ("Aylah Ascent"), eventually shortened down to Aqaba.

The modern Israeli town of Eilat, established in 1951, is named for the ancient city.

Ezion-Geber
Ezion-Geber (Hebrew: עֶצְיֹן גֶּבֶר‎, Modern: ʻEṣyōn Gevér, Tiberian: ʿEṣyōn Geḇer, Biblical: Ġeṣyōn Geḇer; also Asiongaber) is a city only known from the Hebrew Bible, in Idumea, a seaport on the northern extremity of the Gulf of Eilat/Aqaba, in modern terms somewhere in the area of modern Aqaba and Eilat.

According to Targum Jonathan, the name means "city of the rooster" (כְּרַך תַּרְנְגוֹלָא).
Cabragh House
41°16′00″S 173°17′36″E﻿ / ﻿41.2667°S 173.2932°E﻿ / -41.2667; 173.2932
Cabragh House (school and residence) is a late Victorian, timber house at 48 Weka Street in Nelson, New Zealand built circa 1897. It is a historic site for exemplarising late Victorian furnishings and provincial New Zealand vernacular architecture. The neighbouring Amber House, the former site of the Cabragh House School, is pending registration as a New Zealand Historic Place.

Amber House
Amber House is one of the older two-storey villas in New Zealand's third founded city of Nelson in the top of the South Island at 46 Weka Street.

It is a traditional colonial-style construction using native rimu and mataī timbers with an external brick chimney that originally served four large fireplaces.

The original, highly decorated, cast iron sewage vent pipes are still intact and visible on the exterior of the building.
Mayfung
Mayfung (or May Fung and May Fang) is a New Year festival celebrated on the 21 December by the Balti people in the Baltistan region of Pakistan. It is held to commemorate the end of the longest night of the year and the start of the Balti New Year (also called Losar; lit. 'New Year' in Balti). Mayfung is traditionally celebrated in Baltistan but also in some parts of Gilgit, Chitral and Tibet in China.

According to the people the celebration of this festival spares them from misfortunes. They believe that fire defends them against misfortunes and protects them from natural disasters.

Its origins can be traced back to the Bön religion, which was the dominant religion in the region prior to Buddhism and Islam. The festival is also believed to be related to Losar, the Tibetan New Year.

Balti language
Balti (Perso-Arabic script: بلتی, Tibetan script: སྦལ་ཏི།, Wylie: sbal ti) is a Tibetic language natively spoken by the ethnic Balti people in the Baltistan region of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, Nubra Valley of the Leh district and the Kargil district of Ladakh, India. The language differs from Standard Tibetan; many sounds of Old Tibetan that were lost in Standard Tibetan are retained in the Balti language. It also has a simple pitch accent system only in multi-syllabic words while Standard Tibetan has a complex and distinct pitch system that includes tone contour. Due to effects of dominant languages in Pakistani media like Urdu, Punjabi and English and religious impact of Arabic and Persian languages, Balti, like other regional languages of Pakistan, is continuously expanding its vocabulary base with loanwords.
Reinforced concrete
Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete or ferro-concrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ductility. The reinforcement is usually, though not necessarily, steel reinforcing bars (known as rebar) and is usually embedded passively in the concrete before the concrete sets. However, post-tensioning is also employed as a technique to reinforce the concrete. In terms of volume used annually, it is one of the most common engineering materials. In corrosion engineering terms, when designed correctly, the alkalinity of the concrete protects the steel rebar from corrosion.

Ultimate tensile strength
Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or  in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. In brittle materials, the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point, whereas in ductile materials, the ultimate tensile strength can be higher.

The ultimate tensile strength is usually found by performing a tensile test and recording the engineering stress versus strain. The highest point of the stress–strain curve is the ultimate tensile strength and has units of stress. The equivalent point for the case of compression, instead of tension, is called the compressive strength.

Tensile strengths are rarely of any consequence in the design of ductile members, but they are important with brittle members. They are tabulated for common materials such as alloys, composite materials, ceramics, plastics, and wood.