hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ankle replacement
Ankle replacement, or ankle arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace the damaged articular surfaces of the human ankle joint with prosthetic components. This procedure is becoming the treatment of choice for patients requiring arthroplasty, replacing the conventional use of arthrodesis, i.e. fusion of the bones. The restoration of range of motion is the key feature in favor of ankle replacement with respect to arthrodesis. However, clinical evidence of the superiority of the former has only been demonstrated for particular isolated implant designs.

Arthrodesis
Arthrodesis, also known as joint fusion, is the artificial induction of joint ossification between two bones by surgery. This is done to relieve intractable pain in a joint which cannot be managed by pain medication, splints, or other normally indicated treatments. The typical causes of such pain are fractures which disrupt the joint, severe sprains, and arthritis. It is most commonly performed on joints in the spine, hand, ankle, and foot. Historically, knee and hip arthrodeses were also performed as pain-relieving procedures, but with the great successes achieved in hip and knee arthroplasty, arthrodesis of these large joints has fallen out of favour as a primary procedure, and now is only used as a procedure of last resort in some failed arthroplasties.
RNAS Dale
Royal Naval Air Station Dale (RNAS Dale, also known as HMS Goldcrest) is a former Royal Naval Air Station, located 10 miles (16 km) South West of Haverfordwest in Pembrokeshire, Wales. It was operational between 1942 and 1948, being used by both the Royal Air Force (1942–1943) and the Royal Navy (1943–1948).

The village of Dale in Pembrokeshire is situated 0.5 miles (0.80 km) south-east of the airfield, which itself lies adjacent to the coast, 2 miles (3.2 km) north of St. Ann's Head, the western entrance to the Milford Haven waterway. The town of Milford Haven lies 5 miles (8 km) east and Pembroke Dock lies 11 miles south-east. Notable landmarks are St. Anne's Head and Milford Haven, with Skomer Island lying 3.5 miles (5.6 km) north-west and the small island of Skokholm lying 2.5 miles (4 km) south-west.

Air base
An airbase or air base, sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for operating military aircraft.
Adam Serwer
Adam Serwer (born 1982) is an American journalist and author. He is a staff writer at The Atlantic where his work focuses on politics, race, and justice. He previously worked at BuzzFeed News, The American Prospect, and Mother Jones.

Serwer has received awards from the National Association of Black Journalists (NABJ), The Root, and the Society of Professional Journalists. He was named a spring 2019 Shorenstein Center fellow, and received the 2019 Hillman Prize for Opinion & Analysis Journalism.

The Sidney Hillman Foundation
The Sidney Hillman Foundation is an American charitable foundation that awards prizes to journalists who investigate issues related to social and economic justice and public policy. The foundation, founded in 1946, is named for Sidney Hillman, who was the founding president of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America and founder of the Congress of Industrial Organizations. The foundation awards the annual Hillman Prize in the United States and Canada, and the monthly Sidney Awards. The Foundation is headed by Bruce S. Raynor, former Executive Vice President of the SEIU.
Morwell
Morwell is a town in the Latrobe Valley area of Gippsland, in South-Eastern Victoria, Australia approximately 152 km (94 mi) east of Melbourne.

Morwell has a population of 14,389 people at the 2021 census.

It is both the capital and administrative centre for the City of Latrobe and the city’s second most populous town after the neighbouring Traralgon. Morwell is located in the centre of the Latrobe Valley urban area, which has a population of 77,168 at the 2021 Census and is home to many of the greater urban area's civic institutions, administrative functions and infrastructure.

The city is known for its role as a major energy production centre for Victoria as the centre of a major coal mining and fossil-fuel power generation industry.

Morwell's centenary rose garden located in the central business district, won an award in 2009 for being a 'garden of excellence'. Since 2018, the town has hosted the International Rose Garden Festival Morwell (IRGFM).

Seat of government
A seat of government is a "building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority". When referring to a city, the seat of government is generally the capital of the state or administrative entity in question, although there are exceptions. Particular terms for the seat of certain territorial subdivisions are administrative centre, county seat (common in the United States), county town (United Kingdom and Ireland), or barrio-pueblo (Puerto Rico), among others; buildings that may function as seats of government include official residences, supreme court buildings, city or town halls, administrative or executive buildings, shire or county halls, legislative buildings, and barangay halls.
Norimaki
Norimaki (海苔巻) also known as "seaweed rolls" is a name for many different types of Japanese foods wrapped in nori seaweed. The most common kind of norimaki is makizushi (巻き寿司), which is rolled sushi.

Other than makizushi, onigiri (おにぎり, rice balls), sashimi, senbei (煎餅, rice crackers), and chikuwa (竹輪, bamboo ring) are also regarded as norimaki if they are wrapped with seaweed.

Makizushi can be eaten as an appetizer, a main course, or part of a bento box. It is usually served with soy sauce for dipping.

Nori
Nori (Japanese: 海苔) is a dried edible seaweed used in Japanese cuisine, usually made from species of the red algae genus Pyropia, including P. yezoensis and P. tenera. It has a strong and distinctive flavor, and is generally made into flat sheets and used to wrap rolls of sushi or onigiri (rice balls).

The finished dried sheets are made by a shredding and rack-drying process that resembles papermaking. They are sold in packs in grocery stores for culinary purposes. Since nori sheets easily absorb water from the air and degrade, a desiccant is needed when storing nori for any significant time.

Nori—despite not being cultivated by humans until the 1600s—has been popular since the pre-modern era in Japan, having been used as currency, offerings at shrines, and food since the 700s.
Pauleta
Pedro Miguel Carreiro Resendes ComM OIH (born 28 April 1973), known as Pauleta (Portuguese pronunciation: [pawˈletɐ]), is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a striker.

During 18 years as a senior he never played in the Primeira Liga, having spent 12 of those campaigns in Spain and France. He had his most successful spell at Paris Saint-Germain, where he scored 109 goals across all competitions. Three times the top goalscorer in Ligue 1, he was also voted twice as the division's player of the season.

Pauleta also scored 47 goals in 88 matches for Portugal, a national record at the time of his retirement. He played for his country in two World Cups and two European Championships.

Order of Prince Henry
The Order of Prince Henry (Portuguese: Ordem do Infante Dom Henrique) is a Portuguese order of knighthood created on 2 June 1960, to commemorate the quincentenary of the death of the Portuguese infante Prince Henry the Navigator, one of the main initiators of the Age of Discovery. Minor reforms of the constitution of the Order occurred in 1962 and 1980.

It is a five-tier order, whose titles are awarded for relevant services to Portugal and for services in the expansion of the Portuguese culture, its history and its values (with a particular focus on its maritime history). The number of members in each grade is restricted by its constitution, and titles are conferred by special decree by the Grand Master of the Order, i.e., the President of Portugal.
Godzilla Singular Point
Godzilla Singular Point (Japanese: ゴジラ S.P ＜シンギュラポイント＞, Hepburn: Gojira Shingyura Pointo) is a Japanese anime television series directed by Atsushi Takahashi and written by Toh EnJoe. Produced by the animation studios Bones and Orange and licensed by Netflix, the series premiered on March 25, 2021, on Netflix in Japan, and on Tokyo MX and other channels on April 1 to June 24, 2021. The series is part of the Godzilla franchise and features monsters from its Shōwa era (1954–1975). In 2023, EnJoe suggested that a second season of the series may be produced.

Orange (animation studio)
Orange Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 有限会社オレンジ, Hepburn: Yūgen-gaisha Orenji) is a Japanese animation studio based in Musashino, Tokyo that specializes in the production of computer animated films and tv shows. The studio is known for its exaggerated 3D and directing style, which differs from the traditional movement often found in CG works.

On December 19, 2024, it was announced that Toho would acquire a 19.7% stake in the studio which was completed on January 17, 2025.
Large-scale Renewable Energy Target
The Large-scale Renewable Energy Target (LRET) is an Australian Government scheme that provides financial incentives for the construction and operation of large-scale renewable energy power stations. It is one of two parts of the Renewable Energy Target (RET), alongside the Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme (SRES). The scheme is administered by the Clean Energy Regulator.

The LRET was established in January 2011 when the original Renewable Energy Target was split into the LRET and SRES under the Renewable Energy (Electricity) Act 2000. The scheme requires 33,000 gigawatt-hours (GWh) of renewable electricity generation annually from 2021 through 2030, when the legislation sunsets.

Kilowatt-hour
A kilowatt-hour (unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units, which is the energy delivered by one kilowatt of power for one hour. Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities. Metric prefixes are used for multiples and submultiples of the basic unit, the watt-hour (3.6 kJ).
Anton Brees Carillon Library
The Anton Brees Carillon Library, located within the Singing Tower at Bok Tower Gardens, Lake Wales, Florida, is home to various collections that document the history and development of the Singing Tower and its gardens, the historic Pinewood Estate, and The Guild of Carillonneurs in North America. It also contains many sources on carillon art in general.

The Guild of Carillonneurs in North America
The Guild of Carillonneurs in North America (GCNA) is a professional association of carillonneurs in North America, dedicated to the advancement of the art, literature, and science of the carillon. It was founded in Ottawa, Canada, in 1936 by American and Canadian carillonneurs so that they could keep better contact and develop the musicality of the instrument. It publishes sheet music, two periodicals, and instrument design standards; holds an annual congress for members to share ideas and developments; administers music examinations for its members; and offers grants for various activities concerning the carillon.
Berezan, Kyiv Oblast
Berezan (Ukrainian: Березань, IPA: [bereˈzɑnʲ] ⓘ; Polish: Berezań; Yiddish: בערעזאַן; Russian: Березань) is a city in Brovary Raion, Kyiv Oblast (region) of Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Berezan urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 16,047 (2022 estimate).

There is an important railway junction in the city. By rail, the distance to Kyiv is 65 km.

Kyiv Oblast
Kyiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Київська область, romanized: Kyivska oblast, IPA: [ˈkɪjiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also called Kyivshchyna (Київщинa, IPA: [ˈkɪjiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast (province) in central and northern Ukraine. It surrounds, but does not include, the city of Kyiv, which is administered as a city with special status. However, Kyiv also serves as the administrative center of the oblast. The Kyiv metropolitan area extends out from Kyiv city into parts of the oblast, which is significantly dependent on the urban economy and transportation of Kyiv.

The population of Kyiv Oblast is 1,795,079 (2022 estimate). Its largest city is Bila Tserkva, with a population over 200,000.

The Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is in the northern part of Kyiv Oblast. It is administered separately from the oblast and public access is prohibited.
1913 Australian referendum (Trade and Commerce)
The Constitution Alteration (Trade and Commerce) Bill 1912,  was an unsuccessful referendum held in 1913 that sought to alter the Australian Constitution to extend Commonwealth legislative power in respect to trade and commerce.

Section 51(i) of the Constitution of Australia
Section 51(i) of the Australian Constitution enables the Parliament of Australia to make laws about:

Trade and commerce with other countries, and among the States;

The meaning of trade and commerce is clarified in section 98 of the Constitution which provides

The power of the Parliament to make laws with respect to trade and commerce extends to navigation and shipping, and to railways the property of any State.
Ettenhausen-Emmetschloo railway station
Ettenhausen-Emmetschloo railway station (German: Bahnhof Ettenhausen-Emmetschloo) is a railway station in the municipality of Wetzikon, in the Swiss canton of Zürich. It is located on the standard gauge Uerikon–Bauma line of the Sursee-Triengen-Bahn. There is no daily passenger service over the line, but the Dampfbahn-Verein Zürcher Oberland heritage railway operates seasonal excursion service between Bauma and Hinwil.

Hinwil railway station
Hinwil railway station (German: Bahnhof Hinwil) is a railway station in the municipality of Hinwil in the Oberland region of the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. The station is situated at the junction of the Effretikon to Hinwil via Wetzikon railway line, which is still in full use, and the Uerikon to Bauma railway (UeBB), which is partly closed and partly used as a heritage railway. The station lies within fare zone 133 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV).
Theodore G. Ellyson
Theodore Gordon "Spuds" Ellyson, USN (27 February 1885 – 27 February 1928), was the first United States Navy officer designated as an aviator ("Naval Aviator No. 1").  Ellyson served in the experimental development of aviation in the years before and after World War I.  He also spent several years before the war as part of the Navy's new submarine service.  A recipient of the Navy Cross for his antisubmarine service in World War I, Ellyson died in 1928 when his aircraft crashed over the Chesapeake Bay.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Socialist Party (England and Wales)
The Socialist Party (Welsh: Plaid Sosialaidd Cymru) is a Trotskyist political party in England and Wales. Founded in 1997, it had formerly been Militant, an entryist group in the Labour Party from 1964 to 1991, which became Militant Labour from 1991 until 1997. It is a member of the refounded Committee for a Workers' International, and the Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition.

Committee for a Workers' International
The Committee for a Workers' International (CWI; Spanish: Comité por una Internacional de los Trabajadores, CIT; French: Comité pour une internationale ouvrière, CIO) was an international association of Trotskyist political parties and organisations. Today, two groups claim to be the continuation of the CWI, the refounded Committee for a Workers' International and International Socialist Alternative.
Dimethylphenylphosphine
Dimethylphenylphosphine  is an organophosphorus compound with a formula P(C6H5)(CH3)2. The phosphorus is connected to a phenyl group and two methyl groups, making it the simplest aromatic alkylphosphine. It is colorless air sensitive liquid.  It is a member of series (CH3)3-n(C6H5)2P that also includes n = 0,  n = 2, and  n = 3 that are often employed as ligands in metal phosphine complexes.

Phenyl group
In organic chemistry, the phenyl group, or phenyl ring, is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5−, and is often represented by the pseudoelement symbol Ph (archaically φ) or Ø. The phenyl group is closely related to benzene and can be viewed as a benzene ring, minus a hydrogen atom, which may be replaced by some other element or compound to serve as a functional group. A phenyl group has six carbon atoms bonded together in a hexagonal planar ring, five of which are bonded to individual hydrogen atoms, with the remaining carbon bonded to a substituent. Phenyl groups are commonplace in organic chemistry. Although often depicted with alternating double and single bonds, the phenyl group is chemically aromatic and has equal bond lengths between carbon atoms in the ring.
Eichstätt
Eichstätt (German pronunciation: [ˈaɪçʃtɛt] ⓘ) is a town in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. It is located on the Altmühl river and has a population of around 13,000. Eichstätt is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Eichstätt.

Eichstätt (district)
Eichstätt is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Neuburg-Schrobenhausen, Donau-Ries, Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen, Roth, Neumarkt, Kelheim and Pfaffenhofen, and by the city of Ingolstadt.
Z-test
A Z-test is any statistical test for which the distribution of the test statistic under the null hypothesis can be approximated by a normal distribution. Z-test tests the mean of a distribution. For each significance level in the confidence interval, the Z-test has a single critical value (for example, 1.96 for 5% two-tailed), which makes it more convenient than the Student's t-test whose critical values are defined by the sample size (through the corresponding degrees of freedom). Both the Z-test and Student's t-test have similarities in that they both help determine the significance of a set of data. However, the Z-test requires knowing the population deviation, which is sometimes difficult to determine, making the t-test more convenient.

Statistical hypothesis test
A statistical hypothesis test is a method of statistical inference used to decide whether the data provide sufficient evidence to reject a particular hypothesis. A statistical hypothesis test typically involves a calculation of a test statistic. Then a decision is made, either by comparing the test statistic to a critical value or equivalently by evaluating a p-value computed from the test statistic. Roughly 100 specialized statistical tests are in use and noteworthy.
Dunaferr SE (men's handball)
Dunaferr Sportegyesület  was a Hungarian handball club from Dunaújváros, that is part of the multi-sports club running under the same name. The team enjoyed their best spell in the early 2000s, having won the Hungarian Championship in 2000 and the Hungarian Cup in 2001. Beside the domestic success they also reached the finals of the EHF Cup Winners' Cup in 2000 and the semifinals of the EHF Cup three years later.

After February 2011 the official name of the club was Dunaferr Alexandra due to sponsorship reasons. The men's handball division of Dunaferr SE was closed on 1 July 2011.

Dunaújváros
Dunaújváros (pronounced [ˈdunɒuːjvaːroʃ]; also known by alternative names) is an industrial city in Fejér County, Central Hungary. It is a city with county rights. Situated 70 kilometres (43 miles) south of Budapest on the Danube, the city is best known for its steelworks, which is the largest in the country.  It was built in the 1950s on the site of the former village of Dunapentele and was originally named Sztálinváros, before acquiring its current name in 1961.
Florida State Road 126
State Road 126 (SR 126) is a 2.373-mile-long (3.819 km) state highway in southern Jacksonville, in the U.S. state of Florida, traveling along Emerson Street. It travels from SR 13 (Hendricks Avenue) east across U.S. Route 1 (US 1; SR 5; Philips Highway) and Interstate 95 (I-95; SR 9). East of I-95, SR 126 splits from Emerson Street, turning northeast on the beginning of the Emerson Expressway (originally the Emerson Leg of the Hart Bridge Expressway). SR 126 ends where the Emerson Expressway becomes a divided freeway. (Emerson Street continues east as a city street to Spring Glen Road just south of US 90 (Beach Boulevard; SR 212).

Beach Boulevard (Jacksonville)
Beach Boulevard is an east–west road running from Jacksonville, Florida, United States east to Jacksonville Beach.  Most of the road is part of U.S. Route 90 and unsigned as State Road 212 (SR 212), and a small portion at the eastern end is unsigned as County Road 212 (CR 212).
Creveney shale mining operation
The Creveney shale mining operation, managed by Société des Schistes et Pétroles de Franche-Comté (SPF) for the manufacture of the fuel known as Natioline, comprises an open-pit oil shale mine and an oil distillation plant. It is located at Creveney, in the Haute-Saône region of eastern France.

Between 1929 and 1936, this industry mined 20,000 tons of pyro schist of the Toarcian age, with industrial production in 1934 employing around 80 people. This rock is distilled to obtain shale oil, which is then refined. To promote this fuel, Natioline, a car raid was organized in the French colonies, the “African technical cruise."

At the beginning of the 21st century, some (polluted) remnants of the installations and the extraction area remain, but the most important will be demolished before 2022.

Petroleum refining processes
Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries (also referred to as oil refineries) to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.

Refineries and petroleum industries are very large industrial complexes that involve many different processing units and auxiliary facilities such as utility units and storage tanks. Each refinery has its own unique arrangement and combination of refining processes largely determined by the refinery location, desired products and economic considerations.

Some modern petroleum refineries process as much as 800,000 to 900,000 barrels (127,000 to 143,000 cubic meters) per day of crude oil.