hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Usul al-Sama
Usul al-Sama is a treatise written by Khwaja Fakhr al-din Zarradi, a sufi saint and disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya in Persian language. The book is based on the Usul of Sama, a sufi gathering. He proved the use of some musical instruments are not Haram under the Shariah. The book has been translated into Arabic, Urdu, Hindi and English languages. It is known that Zarradi written two treaties on the matter of Sama, but only one exists till today.

Sama (Sufism)
Sama, literally Listening, is a Sufi ritual performed as part of the meditation and prayer practice known as Dhikr (in English, Remembrance [of God]). It is discussed by al-Ghazali in his The Alchemy of Happiness.

It is sometimes associated with Rumi, who is said to have fallen into an ecstatic trance after wandering through a city and hearing the name of God in the rhythmic hammering of a goldbeater (hence the name Sama, i.e. hearing/listening).  As an imitation of this, Sama invites the practitioner to reflect on the all-encompassing presence of God, a concept known as tawhid.

Sama often includes singing, playing instruments, dancing, recitation of poetry and prayers, wearing symbolic attire, and other rituals. Sama is a particularly popular form of worship in Sufism.

In 2005, UNESCO confirmed the "Mevlevi Sama Ceremony" of Turkey as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
High Raise (Langdale)
High Raise is a fell in the Central Fells of the English Lake District, not to be confused with another High Raise situated in the Far Eastern Fells. High Raise is one of the least spectacular mountains in the district; but with a height of 762 metres (2,500 ft) it is the highest point in the central fells of Lakeland.

High Raise is in fact commonly regarded as the most central mountain in the district and this position gives a fine viewpoint to admire the surrounding mountains and beyond. All of England's 3,000-foot (910-metre) mountains (Skiddaw, Helvellyn and the Scafells) can be well seen from the summit while the more distant views include the Three Peaks in the Yorkshire Dales at 37 miles (60 km) and Morecambe Bay at 25 miles (40 km).

Great Langdale
Great Langdale is a valley in the Lake District National Park in North West England, the epithet "Great" distinguishing it from the neighbouring valley of Little Langdale. Langdale is also the name of a valley in the Howgill Fells, elsewhere in Cumbria.

It is a popular location for hikers, climbers, fell-runners and other outdoor enthusiasts who are attracted by the many fells ringing the head of the valley. Among the best-known features of Great Langdale are the Langdale Pikes, a group of peaks on the northern side of the dale. England's highest mountain, Scafell Pike, can be climbed by a route from Langdale. Langdale has views of, in particular, Dungeon Ghyll Force waterfall, Harrison Stickle and Pike of Stickle.

Great Langdale was an important site during the Neolithic period for producing stone axes and, later, was also one of the centres of the Lakeland slate industry.
Waka Flocka Flame
Juaquin James Malphurs (born May 31, 1986), known professionally as Waka Flocka Flame, is an American rapper. He first became known for his 2009 single "O Let's Do It", which entered the Billboard Hot 100 and led him to sign with Gucci Mane's 1017 Records, an imprint of Warner Records that same year. His 2010 follow-up single, "No Hands" (featuring Roscoe Dash and Wale), reached number 13 on the chart and received diamond certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Both songs, along with "Hard in da Paint" and "Grove St. Party" (featuring Kebo Gotti), preceded the release of his debut studio album Flockaveli (2010), which peaked at number six on the Billboard 200. His second studio album, Triple F Life: Friends, Fans & Family (2012) peaked at number ten on the chart and was supported by the singles "Round of Applause" (featuring Drake), "I Don't Really Care" (featuring Trey Songz) and "Get Low" (featuring Tyga, Nicki Minaj and Flo Rida).

Get Low (Waka Flocka Flame song)
"Get Low" is a song by American rapper Waka Flocka Flame featuring Nicki Minaj, Tyga and Flo Rida. It was released on June 5, 2012 as the third single from Flame's second studio album, Triple F Life: Friends, Fans & Family. The song was produced by DJ Speedy and Breyan Isaac.
Mangri
Mangri  is a village development committee in Mugu District in the Karnali Zone of north-western Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 898 people living in 181 individual households.

Mugu District
Mugu District (Nepali: मुगु जिल्ला Listenⓘ), a part of Karnali Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Gamgadhi as its district headquarters, covers an area of 3,535 km2 (1,365 sq mi) and had a population (2011) of 55,286. Mugu is known for being both the most remote district in Nepal, as well as the least developed.
Kirkwood, Delaware
Kirkwood (also known as Kemps Corner or Saint Georges Station) is an unincorporated community in central New Castle County, Delaware, United States.  It lies along Delaware Route 71, southwest of the city of Wilmington, the county seat of New Castle County.  Its elevation is 69 feet (21 m).  It has a post office with the ZIP code 19708.

Kirkwood was named for Robert Kirkwood, a soldier who fought in the American Revolutionary War.

Correll's Farm and Lawn Supply, Dragon Run Farm, Lum's Mill House, McCoy House, Old Cann Mansion House, Old Post Office, and Point Farm are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Old Post Office (Kirkwood, Delaware)
Old Post Office is a historic home and post office building located at Kirkwood, New Castle County, Delaware.  It was built about 1870, and is a two-story, five-bay, frame double house with a mansard roof in the Second Empire style. The roof has decorative slate and the front facade features a full-width porch supported by five chamfered, wooden posts. Part of the house was once occupied by a post office and store.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
Vermont Catamounts men's ice hockey
The Vermont Catamounts men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents the University of Vermont. The Catamounts are a member of Hockey East, joining in 2005 after competing in ECAC Hockey from 1974 to 2005. They play home games at Gutterson Fieldhouse in Burlington, Vermont. Vermont has appeared in the NCAA Men's Hockey Championship six times since making the move to Division I in 1974–75, including trips to the Frozen Four in 1996 and 2009.

Prior to moving to Division I, UVM competed in ECAC Division II, where it won back-to-back ECAC Division II titles in 1972-73 and 1973–74.

Since 1990, the Catamounts have hosted what is now known as the Catamount Cup tournament, winning the title seven times.

Dave Reece
David Barrett Reece (born September 13, 1948 in Troy, New York) is a retired American professional ice hockey goaltender who played the 1975–76 season with the Boston Bruins. He posted an NHL record of seven wins, five losses and two ties, with two shutouts and a 3.32 goals against average.
Nálepkovo
Nálepkovo, formerly Vondrišel (German: Wagendrüssel, Hungarian: Merény) is a village and municipality in the Gelnica District in the Košice Region of eastern Slovakia. Total municipality population was in 2011 3,039 inhabitants. Previously, the village was named Vondrišel, but in 1948 after the German population was expelled it was renamed Nálepkovo, after the anti-fascist Slovak captain Ján Nálepka.

Nálepkovo is also the birthplace of the Queen's Park killer Marek Harcar who carried out the brutal murder of Moira Jones in 2008 in Glasgow, Scotland. He fled back to Nálepkovo after the incident but was linked to the crime, traced and returned to Scotland. He is now serving a life sentence after being tried and found guilty in 2009; in 2018 it was revealed that Harcar had been transferred to a Slovakian prison.

Ján Nálepka
Ján Nálepka (20 September 1912 in Szepessümeg, Kingdom of Hungary – 16 November 1943 in Ovruch, Axis powers-occupied Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union) was a Slovak captain who organized and led an anti-fascist Slovak partisan detachment in the Soviet Union during World War II.
Diana Schutz
Diana Schutz (born February 1, 1955) is a Canadian-born comic book editor, serving as editor in chief of Comico during its peak years, followed by a 25-year tenure at Dark Horse Comics. Some of the best-known works she has edited are Frank Miller's Sin City and 300, Matt Wagner's Grendel, Stan Sakai's Usagi Yojimbo, and Paul Chadwick's Concrete. She was known to her letter-column readers as "Auntie Dydie". She was an adjunct instructor of comics history and criticism at Portland Community College.

Comic book letter column
A comic book letter column is a section of an American comic book where readers' letters to the publisher appear. Comic book letter columns are also commonly referred to as letter columns (or lettercols), letter pages, letters of comment (LOCs), or simply letters to the editor. Letter columns appeared early on in the history of comic books themselves, and their growing prevalence—particularly beginning in the 1960s—helped create and legitimatize comics fandom. As the forum developed, the volume and tenor of letters became a reliable gauge of overall reader response to developments in the comics themselves. Letter columns remained a regular feature of most comic books until the early years of the 21st century, when they began being phased out in favor of the growing prevalence of email and Internet forums. Despite this, the 2010s saw a renaissance of comic book letter columns, and many comics titles still print them.
Louis Chaboillez
Louis Chaboillez (October 14, 1766 – July 19, 1813) was a notary and politician in Lower Canada. He represented Montreal East in the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada from 1804 to 1808. He owned much real estate in Montreal and Chaboillez Square is named for him.

He was born Joseph-Louis Chaboillez in Montreal, the son of Louis-Joseph Chaboillez and Angélique Baby-Chenneville. He was the nephew of Charles-Jean-Baptiste Chaboillez, who was involved in the fur trade. He qualified to practice as a notary in 1787 and set up practice in Montreal. In 1789, he married Marguerite Conefroy. He served as a captain in the militia and a justice of the peace. After he retired from politics, he returned to practice as a notary. Chaboillez died in Montreal at the age of 46.

Charles Chaboillez
Charles-Jean-Baptiste Chaboillez (July 9, 1736 – September 25, 1808), of Montreal, was one of the most influential French Canadian fur traders after the British Conquest of New France and a founding member of the Beaver Club. Chaboillez Square in Montreal was named for his nephew, The Hon. Louis Chaboillez, in 1813.
1925 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1925 was the 39th series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Tipperary won the championship, beating Galway 5–6 to 1–5 in the final.

1925 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final
The 1925 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final was the 38th All-Ireland Final and the culmination of the 1925 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, an inter-county hurling tournament for the top teams in Ireland. The match was held at Croke Park, Dublin, on 6 September 1925, between Galway and Tipperary. The Connacht men lost to the Munster champions on a score line of 5–6 to 1–5.
Hampstead, Quebec
Hampstead is an on-island suburb of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is an independent municipality bordering the municipality of Côte Saint-Luc and the Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce borough of Montreal. The municipality has the highest percentage of Jewish population of any town in Canada, at 64% of the population.

Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce
Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce (French: [kot de nɛːʒ nɔtʁə dam də ɡʁɑs], locally [koʊ̯t de naɪ̯ʒ nɔtʁ̥œ̈ dam dœ̈ ɡʁɑːs]) is a borough (arrondissement) of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The borough was created following the 2002 municipal reorganization of Montreal. It comprises two main neighbourhoods, Côte-des-Neiges and Notre-Dame-de-Grâce, both former towns that were annexed by the city of Montreal in 1910.

Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce is the most populous borough of Montreal, with a population of 170,583  according to the 2021 Census. It is an ethnically diverse borough, and there is also a large student population due to the presence of two universities, Université de Montréal and the Loyola campus of Concordia University.
David Bevan (mathematician)
David Bevan is an English mathematician, computer scientist and software developer. 
He is known for Bevan's theorem, which gives the asymptotic enumeration of grid classes of permutations and for his work on enumerating the class of permutations avoiding the pattern 1324.
He is also known for devising weighted reference counting, an approach to computer memory management that is suitable for use in distributed systems.

Enumerations of specific permutation classes
In the study of permutation patterns, there has been considerable interest in enumerating specific permutation classes, especially those with relatively few basis elements. This area of study has turned up unexpected instances of Wilf equivalence, where two seemingly-unrelated permutation classes have the same number of permutations of each length.
Harem in the Labyrinth of Another World
Harem in the Labyrinth of Another World (Japanese: 異世界迷宮でハーレムを, Hepburn: Isekai Meikyū de Haremu o; lit. "Building a Harem in Alternate World Dungeon") is a Japanese light novel series written by Shachi Sogano and illustrated by Shikidouji. It was serialized online from 2011 to 2019 on the user-generated novel publishing website Shōsetsuka ni Narō. It was later acquired by Shufunotomo, who have published thirteen volumes since December 2012 under their Hero Bunko imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Issei Hyōju has been serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Shōnen Ace since April 2017. It has been collected in twelve tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation produced by Passione aired from July to September 2022.

Shiori Mikami
Shiori Mikami (三上 枝織, Mikami Shiori; born January 6, 1989) is a Japanese voice actress from Aomori Prefecture, Japan. She was affiliated with Aoni Production until 2011. She won the Best Rookie Actress at the 6th Seiyu Awards.
WNLC
WNLC (98.7 FM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of East Lyme, Connecticut. The station is owned by Hall Communications, Inc., which owns a number of stations in medium-sized markets along the eastern seaboard from Vermont to Florida.  It airs a classic rock music format.

The station was assigned the WNLC call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on April 24, 1998.

Hall Communications
Hall Communications, Inc. is a broadcasting company based in Lakeland, Florida. The company currently owns 17 radio stations in Polk County, Florida; eastern Connecticut; New Bedford, Massachusetts; and Burlington, Vermont.
Rhizoctonia theobromae
Rhizoctonia theobromae is a species of fungus in the order Cantharellales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are thin, effused, and web-like. The species is tropical to sub-tropical and is mainly known as a plant pathogen, the causative agent of vascular-streak dieback of cocoa (Theobroma cacao).

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao (cacao tree or cocoa tree) is a small (6–12 m (20–39 ft) tall) evergreen tree in the Malvaceae family. Its seeds—cocoa beans—are used to make chocolate liquor, cocoa solids, cocoa butter and chocolate.  Although the tree is native to the tropics of the Americas, the largest producer of cocoa beans in 2022 was Ivory Coast.
Elemeno Pea
Elemeno Pea is a play written in 2011 by Molly Smith Metzler. It premiered on March 8, 2011 as part of the 35th anniversary of the Humana Festival of New American Plays in Louisville, Kentucky. In July 2024, Netflix announced that Metzler had adapted her play into a miniseries called Sirens, starring Julianne Moore, Meghann Fahy and Milly Alcock.

Sirens (2025 TV series)
Sirens is an American dark comedy limited series created by Molly Smith Metzler, based on her 2011 play Elemeno Pea. The story unfolds throughout one explosive weekend at a lavish beach estate. The series is described as an "incisive, sexy, and darkly funny exploration of women, power and class." It premiered on May 22, 2025, to generally positive reviews from critics.
Church of the Intercession of the Virgin Mary, Tomsk
The Church of the Intercession of the Virgin Mary or more formally Church of the Intercession of the Virgin Mary, Queen of the Holy Rosary (Russian: Храм Покрова Пресвятой Богородицы Царицы Святого Розария) is a Catholic church in Tomsk, Russia. under the patronage of the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Tomsk, a city known for its universities and rich historical tradition, is located within the Roman Catholic Diocese of the Transfiguration at Novosibirsk.

Since 1978 it is protected as an object of cultural heritage of regional value.

Diocese of the Transfiguration at Novosibirsk
The Diocese of the Transfiguration at Novosibirsk (Latin: Dioecesis Neosiberiana Transfigurationis) is a suffragan Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in the ecclesiastical province of the Mother of God at Moscow.

Its cathedral episcopal see is the Cathedral of the Transfiguration, in the city of Novosibirsk, in Siberia (Asian Russia).
David Somerset (banker)
David Henry FitzRoy Somerset (19 June 1930 – 25 October 2014) was Chief Cashier of the Bank of England from 1980 to 1988. The signature of the Chief Cashier appears on British banknotes. Somerset was replaced as Chief Cashier by Malcolm Gill.

Somerset was the grandson of the third Baron Raglan. He was educated at Mount House School (now known as Mount Kelly) in Tavistock, Devon and Wellington College. He graduated from Peterhouse, Cambridge in 1956.

Somerset married Ruth Ivy Wildbur in 1955. They had two children:

Louise Charlotte Somerset b. 28 August 1956

Henry Robert Fitzroy Somerset b. 13 February 1961.

The family lived at White Wickets, Boarshead, near Crowborough.

In later life, he was made an emeritus fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge from 1997 to 2014, and fellow 1988–97.

Chief Cashier of the Bank of England
The Chief Cashier of the Bank of England is the person responsible for issuing banknotes at the Bank of England and is the director of the divisions which provide the Bank of England's banking infrastructure.  This person is known to the general public because since 1870 the Chief Cashier's signature is printed on all bank notes issued by the Bank of England. In 2004 a new post was created, Executive Director of Banking & Chief Cashier, incorporating the title.

The post is currently held by Victoria Cleland who was appointed in March 2025, and is her second term as Chief Cashier, having previously served in the post between 2014-2018.
Reuben Bright
"Reuben Bright" is a (modified) Petrarchan sonnet written by American poet Edwin Arlington Robinson, early in his career, and published in Children of the Night (1897). The poem acquired some fame as teaching material for English teachers.

Children of the Night (poetry collection)
The Children of the Night: A Book of Poems was the second volume of poetry published by the American poet Edwin Arlington Robinson. While the volume was weakly received, President Theodore Roosevelt's son Kermit introduced the work to his father who, knowing his straits, secured Robinson a job at the NY Customs Office.
The New 3 Stooges
The New 3 Stooges is an American animated television series that ran during the 1965–66 television season starring the Three Stooges. The show follows the trio's antics both in live-action and animated segments. The cast consisted of Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Joe DeRita (as Curly-Joe), with actor and close friend Emil Sitka co-starring, as well as Margaret Kerry. The stories took place in varied settings, including Newport Beach and sailing as buccaneers on the Spanish Main.

Joe DeRita
Joseph Wardell (July 12, 1909 – July 3, 1993), known professionally as Joe DeRita, was an American actor and comedian, who is best known for his stint as a member of The Three Stooges in the persona of Curly Joe DeRita.
Jardine's Lookout
Jardine's Lookout (Chinese: 渣甸山) is a mountain in Wan Chai District, Hong Kong, with a height of 433 metres (1,421 ft). It is located east of Happy Valley, south of Causeway Bay, and west of Braemar Hill and north of Tai Tam Country Park.

A low-density, high-end residential area called Jardine's Lookout can be found between Wong Nai Chung Gap and Mount Butler. The residential area of Jardine’s Lookout consists of thirteen roads named after famous British persons during Hong Kong’s colonial times. Addresses on Tai Hang Road, Tai Hang Drive and Chun Fai Road are considered to be Tai Hang Mid-levels or Happy Valley, not Jardine’s Lookout.

Jardine's Lookout is surrounded by several other hills including Mount Nicholson, Violet Hill and Mount Butler.

Tai Tam Country Park
Tai Tam Country Park (Chinese: 大潭郊野公園; Jyutping: daai6 taam4 gaau1 je5 gung1 jyun4) is a country park in the Tai Tam area in the south end of Hong Kong Island. At 1,315 hectares (3,250 acres), the park consists of one fifth of Hong Kong Island's land mass. During World War II, the Japanese encountered strong resistance from British defence forces here. So that the park preserves bloody memories from that period.

The park was designated in 1977 with attractions like:

Jardine's Lookout

Tai Tam Upper Reservoir

Tai Tam Byewash Reservoir

Tai Tam Tuk Reservoir

Tai Tam Intermediate Reservoir

Tai Tam Forts

Mount Parker, the second highest peak (531 m (1,742 ft)) on Hong Kong Island

Mount Butler

Granite rocks in the north and volcanic rocks in the south form the geological composition of this area.

Another country park adjacent to it, named Tai Tam Country Park (Quarry Bay Extension), was designated in 1979.
Allen Maricle
Allen Maricle (born December 5, 1962) is an American politician and actor.

Maricle lived in Pioneer Village, Kentucky. He went to Sullivan Junior College and worked a communication specialist. He also worked in the television industry. He served two terms as a city councilman in Pioneer Village. First elected in a special election, he served three terms as a Republican in the Kentucky House of Representatives from January 1994 to January 1999. He was defeated for reelection in 1998 by Democrat Larry Belcher. In 2023 he unsuccessfully challenged incumbent Secretary of State Michael Adams in the 2023 election.

Michael Adams (Kentucky politician)
Michael Gene Adams (born March 27, 1976) is an American politician who is a member of the Republican Party. He is the secretary of state of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. He succeeded Alison Lundergan Grimes on January 6, 2020.