hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sverre Erik Jebens
Sverre Erik Jebens (born 29 September 1949) is a Norwegian lawyer and the former judge of the European Court of Human Rights in respect of Norway, a position he held from November 2004 to 2011. He is currently a judge in the Norwegian Court of Appeal, Frostating lagmannsrett.

Frostating Court of Appeal
The Frostating Court of Appeal (Norwegian: Frostating lagmannsrett) is one of six courts of appeal in the Kingdom of Norway. The Court is located in the city of Trondheim. The court has jurisdiction over the counties of Trøndelag and Møre og Romsdal. These areas constitute the Frostating judicial district (Norwegian: Frostating lagdømme). This court can rule on both civil and criminal cases that are appealed from one of its subordinate district courts. Court decisions can be, to a limited extent, appealed to the Supreme Court of Norway. There are 19 permanent judges on this court. The chief judicial officer of the court (Norwegian: førstelagmann) is currently Sven-Jørgen Lindsetmo. The court is administered by the Norwegian National Courts Administration.
Coggle
Coggle is a freeware mind mapping web application. Coggle produces hierarchically structured documents, like a branching tree. This contrasts with other collaborative editors, like Google Docs, which provide either linear (text document), or tabular (spreadsheet) document formats.

Its authors promise that it will be "free forever" although some features require a paid subscription.

Freeware
Freeware is software, often proprietary, that is distributed at no monetary cost to the end user. There is no agreed-upon set of rights, license, or EULA that defines freeware unambiguously; every publisher defines its own rules for the freeware it offers. For instance, modification, redistribution by third parties, and reverse engineering are permitted by some publishers but prohibited by others. Unlike with free and open-source software, which are also often distributed free of charge, the source code for freeware is typically not made available. Freeware may be intended to benefit its producer by, for example, encouraging sales of a more capable version, as in the freemium and shareware business models; or by collecting and selling user's personal data.
Rock engravings of Oued Djerat
The rock engravings of Oued Djerat, located in the Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria, and dated to the Neolithic period, have many affinities with those of the South Oranese (Algeria) and the Fezzan (Libya). According to Henri Lhote, they date back more than 7000 years.

Tassili n'Ajjer
Tassili n'Ajjer (Berber: Tassili n Ajjer, Arabic: طاسيلي ناجر, romanized: ṭāssīlī naʾjir; "Plateau of rivers") is a mountain range in the Sahara desert, located in south-eastern Algeria. It holds one of the most important groupings of prehistoric cave art in the world and covers an area of more than 72,000 km2 (28,000 sq mi).

The site has been designated a national park and a Biosphere Reserve, and was inducted into the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1982.

The literal English translation of Tassili n'Ajjer is 'plateau of rivers'.
Dyffryn Mymbyr
Dyffryn Mymbyr is a valley in Snowdonia, in north-west Wales, approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) in length, and leading up from Capel Curig to the Pen-y-Gwryd hotel.

The river Nantygwryd, originally called Y Mymbyr in Llywelyn the Great's charter of 1198, starts at Llyn Cwm-y-ffynnon, high above the Pen-y-Gwryd hotel, and flows into Llynnau Mymbyr going towards Capel Curig.  The valley, like the river, lies both in Gwynedd and Conwy County Borough.

Today there are at least two active, hill rearing,  sheep farms; Garth, featured in the 1967 BBC Wales documentary "Shepherds of Moel Siabod", and Cwm Farm.

The area commands excellent views of the Snowdon horseshoe, which (viewed left to right) takes in the peaks of Y Lliwedd, Snowdon (Yr Wyddfa), Crib Goch and Crib y Ddysgl.

The valley is the location of the Capel Curig weather station, which on many occasions has recorded the wettest weather in Wales .

Capel Curig
Capel Curig (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈkɑːpɛl ˈkɨːrɪɡ]; meaning "Curig's Chapel") is a village and community in Conwy County Borough, Wales. Historically in Caernarfonshire, it lies in the heart of Snowdonia, on the River Llugwy, and has a population of 226, reducing slightly to 206 at the 2011 census.  It lies at the junction of the A5 road from Bangor and Bethesda to Betws-y-Coed with the A4086 road from Caernarfon, Llanberis, Pen-y-Pass and Pen-y-Gwryd. It is surrounded by hills and mountains, including Moel Siabod and Pen Llithrig y Wrach.
LF-space
In mathematics, an LF-space, also written (LF)-space, is a topological vector space (TVS) X that is a locally convex inductive limit of a countable inductive system  of Fréchet spaces.  
This means that X is a direct limit of a direct system  in the category of locally convex topological vector spaces and each  is a Fréchet space. The name LF stands for Limit of Fréchet spaces.

If each of the bonding maps  is an embedding of TVSs then the LF-space is called a strict LF-space. This means that the subspace topology induced on Xn by Xn+1 is identical to the original topology on Xn.
Some authors (e.g. Schaefer) define the term "LF-space" to mean "strict LF-space," so when reading mathematical literature, it is recommended to always check how LF-space is defined.

Direct limit
In mathematics, a direct limit is a way to construct a (typically large) object from many (typically smaller) objects that are put together in a specific way. These objects may be groups, rings, vector spaces or in general objects from any category.  The way they are put together is specified by a system of homomorphisms (group homomorphism, ring homomorphism, or in general morphisms in the category) between those smaller objects. The direct limit of the objects , where  ranges over some directed set , is denoted by . This notation suppresses the system of homomorphisms; however, the limit depends on the system of homomorphisms.

Direct limits are a special case of the concept of colimit in category theory. Direct limits are dual to inverse limits, which are a special case of limits in category theory.
Laz grammar
Laz is a Kartvelian language. It is sometimes considered as a southern dialect of Zan languages, the northern dialect being the Mingrelian language.

Today, the area where Laz is spoken stretches from the village Sarpi of Khelvachauri district in Georgia to the village Kemer of Rize province in Turkey. Laz is spoken also in Western Turkey in the villages created by Laz muhajirs in 1877–1878. In Georgia, out of Sarpi, the Laz language islets were also in Abkhazia, but the fate of them is obscure at present.

Laz is divided into three dialects: Khopa-Chkhala, Vitze-Arkabe and Atina-Artasheni. Dialectical classification is mainly conditioned by phonetic characteristics. More specifically, the crucial point is the reflexes of the Kartvelian phoneme [qʼ], which is maintained only in the Khopa-Chkhala dialect but has different reflections in Vitze-Arkabe and Atina-Artasheni dialects (see below).

Zan languages
The Zan languages, or Zanuri (Georgian: ზანური ენები) or Colchidian, are a branch of the Kartvelian languages constituted by the Mingrelian and Laz languages. The grouping is disputed as some Georgian linguists consider the two to form a dialect continuum of one Zan language. This is often challenged on the most commonly applied criteria of mutual intelligibility when determining borders between languages, as Mingrelian and Laz are only partially mutually intelligible, though speakers of one language can recognize a sizable amount of vocabulary of the other, primarily due to semantic loans, lexical loans and other areal features resulting from geographical proximity and historical close contact common for dialect continuums.

The term Zan comes from the Greco-Roman name of one of the chief Colchian tribes, which is almost identical to the name given to the Mingrelians by the Svans (მჷ-ზა̈ნ mə-zän). Georgian linguist Akaki Shanidze proposed the name "Colchidian" for Zan.
Francium compounds
Francium compounds are compounds containing the element francium (Fr). Due to francium being very unstable, its salts are only known to a small extent. Francium coprecipitates with several caesium salts, such as caesium perchlorate, which results in small amounts of francium perchlorate. This coprecipitation can be used to isolate francium, by adapting the radiocaesium coprecipitation method of Lawrence E. Glendenin and C. M. Nelson. It will additionally coprecipitate with many other caesium salts, including the iodate, the picrate, the tartrate (also rubidium tartrate), the chloroplatinate, and the silicotungstate. It also coprecipitates with silicotungstic acid, and with perchloric acid, without another alkali metal as a carrier, which leads to other methods of separation.

Silicotungstic acid
Silicotungstic acid or tungstosilicic acid is a heteropoly acid with the chemical formula H4[SiW12O40]. It forms hydrates H4[SiW12O40]·nH2O. In freshly prepared samples, n is approximately 29, but after prolonged desiccation, n becomes 6. It is a white solid although impure samples appear yellow. It is used as a catalyst in the chemical industry.
Birna Valgarðsdóttir
Birna Ingibjörg Valgarðsdóttir (born 19 January 1976) is an Icelandic former basketball player who won eight Icelandic championships, in a record twelve trips to the national finals, and five Icelandic Cups. She was named the Icelandic Female Basketball Player of the Year in 2002 and 2004.

Birna was the second player to break the 5000 points barrier in Úrvalsdeild kvenna and is its all-time leading scorer. In December 2014, she broke the Úrvalsdeild kvenna all-time record for games played and held that record until March 2023, when it was broken by Sigrún Sjöfn Ámundadóttir.

After difficult injuries during the later part of her career, Birna retired following the 2014-2015 season.

Icelandic Basketball Player of the Year
The Icelandic Basketball Player of the Year award was established in 1973 to recognize the best Icelandic basketball player of the year. The winners are basketball players who have Icelandic citizenship, and whose performances with its sports club and/or national team throughout the year has reached the highest level of excellence. All players with Icelandic citizenship, regardless of where they play in the world, qualify for the award. The winners are selected by the Icelandic Basketball Association. From 1973 to 1997 there was one award for both men and women. In 1998 the Icelandic Basketball Association decided to select both the men's and women's player of the year.
Texas First Bank
Texas First Bank is a privately held, state-chartered bank headquartered in Texas City, Texas. It serves the Texas Gulf Coast region and operates 26 full-service branches and 52 ATMs across seven counties: Galveston, Chambers, Brazoria, Harris, Jefferson, Montgomery, and Liberty. The bank is a subsidiary of Texas Independent Bancshares, Inc. and has operated under a Subchapter S Corporation structure since 2014. Its services include personal banking, commercial banking, lending, insurance, and wealth management.

Galveston County, Texas
Galveston County (/ˈɡælvɪstən/ GAL-vis-tən) is a county in the U.S. state of Texas, located along the Gulf Coast adjacent to Galveston Bay. As of the 2020 census, its population was 350,682. The county was founded in 1838. The county seat is the City of Galveston, founded the following year, and located on Galveston Island. The most-populous municipality in the county is League City, a suburb of Houston at the northern end of the county, which surpassed Galveston in population during the early 2000s.

Galveston County is part of the nine-county Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land (Greater Houston) metropolitan statistical area.
Carl Cari
Carl Nicolas Cellona Cari (born July 4, 1992) is a Filipino politician. He is a member of the Philippine House of Representatives, serving as the current representative of the Fifth District of Leyte. He is the son of the former representative of the Fifth District of Leyte, Jose Carlos "Boying" Cari, and the current mayor of Baybay, Leyte and the late Margarita C. Cari.

Cari graduated from the Mapúa University with the degree of Bachelor of Science in Manufacturing Engineering. Prior to being elected as a member of the House of Representatives, he served as President of the Sangguniang Kabataan Federation (2007-2010) and as President of the Liga ng mga Barangay of the City of Baybay.

At 26, Cari was elected to succeed his father as the representative of the Fifth District of Leyte. As a member of Congress, he serves as a member of the House Committees on Appropriations, Basic Education and Culture, Visayas Development, and Youth and Sports Development, among others.

Legislative districts of Leyte
The legislative districts of Leyte are the representations of the province of Leyte, the independent component city of Ormoc, and highly urbanized city of Tacloban in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province, together with the independent cities are currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through their first, second, third, fourth, and fifth congressional districts.

Southern Leyte and Biliran last formed part of the province's representation in 1961 and 1995, respectively.
Gobardhanpur
Gobardhanpur is a village within the jurisdiction of the Patharpratima police station in the Patharpratima CD block in the Kakdwip subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Patharpratima
Patharpratima is a village and a gram panchayat within the jurisdiction of the Patharpratima police station in the Patharpratima CD block in the Kakdwip subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
2024 Canadian Premier League final
The 2024 Canadian Premier League final was the sixth edition of the CPL Finals, the post-season championship of the Canadian Premier League, the top level of Canadian soccer, which determined the winner of the 2024 Canadian Premier League season. It was played on November 9, 2024 at ATCO Field in Foothills County, Alberta between Cavalry FC and Forge FC. The 2024 final was a rematch of the 2023 final which was hosted and won by Forge FC.

Cavalry defeated Forge 2–1 to win their first CPL title. Tobias Warschewski and Sergio Camargo scored first half goals to give Cavalry a 2–0 half-time lead; Alexander Achinioti-Jönsson responded for Forge in the second half. Following the match, Warschewski was named the inaugural CPL Final MVP. Cavalry was awarded the North Star Cup as CPL champion and earned a spot in the 2025 CONCACAF Champions Cup.

2025 CONCACAF Champions Cup
The 2025 CONCACAF Champions Cup was the 60th season of the CONCACAF Champions Cup, the premier club association football tournament for North, Central America, and the Caribbean's organized by CONCACAF. It was a five-round knockout tournament, with 27 teams that qualified based on their national and zonal league and cup competitions; the first four rounds were played as a two-legged series at the home stadiums of the respective teams.

Cruz Azul won their record-tying seventh title, defeating Vancouver Whitecaps of MLS in the final 5–0. As winners, they qualified for the 2029 FIFA Club World Cup and the 2025 FIFA Intercontinental Cup.
Chathanath Achuthanunni
Chathanath Achuthanunni (born in 1939) is a polyglot, Malayalam language writer and translator from Kerala, India. He received many awards including Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Overall Contributions (2011) Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award (1987) and Sahridayavedi Award (1988). In 2022 he received the Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize, a literary honour in India, presented by Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters. In 2024, he received the Kairali Global Lifetime Achievement Prize for Researchers Award, presented by the Kerala government.

Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award
Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award is given each year, since 1958, by the Kerala Sahitya Akademi (Kerala Literary Academy), to Malayalam writers for their outstanding books of literary merit. The awards are given in various categories. The Kerala Sahitya Akademi Fellowship is also awarded to induct Malayalam writers as distinguished members of the Akademi.
William E. King
William E. King (May 12, 1885 – October 1, 1967) was an American lawyer and politician in Illinois. He served as a state legislator in the Illinois House of Representatives for eight years, followed by a full term as a state senator. He represented Illinois's 1st House of Representatives district.

Illinois's 1st House of Representatives district
Illinois's 1st House of Representatives district is a Representative district within the Illinois House of Representatives located in Cook County, Illinois. It has been represented by Democrat Aaron Ortiz since January 9, 2019. The district was previously represented by Democrat Daniel J. Burke from 2013 to 2018.

The district covers parts of Chicago, Forest View, and Stickney, and of Chicago's neighborhoods, it covers Archer Heights, Bridgeport, Brighton Park, Chicago Lawn, Gage Park, Garfield Ridge, McKinley Park, New City, and West Elsdon.
Tran Gorge
Tran Gorge (Bulgarian: Трънско ждрело, also known as Lomnitsa Gorge or the Gorge of the River Erma) is a canyon-like gorge along the river Erma in the easternmost part of the Ruy mountain range of western Bulgaria. Administratively, it is situated in Tran Municipality of Pernik Province, lying some 3 km north of the municipal center Tran and just south of the Bulgaria–Serbia border. Tran Gorge is among the 100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria of the Bulgarian Tourist Union and is a popular tourist attraction.

Pernik Province
42°35′N 23°0′E﻿ / ﻿42.583°N 23.000°E﻿ / 42.583; 23.000

Pernik Province is a province in western Bulgaria, neighbouring Serbia. Its main city is Pernik, and other municipalities are Breznik, Kovachevtsi, Radomir, Tran, and Zemen.
Murod Kholmukhamedov
Murod Kholmukhamedov (born 23 December 1990) is an Uzbek footballer who currently plays as a defender for Kokand 1912 in the Uzbekistan Super League. He is also a member of the Uzbekistan national team.

Uzbekistan Super League
Uzbekistan Super League (Uzbek: Ўзбекистон Суперлигаси), known as Artel Super League due to sponsorship reasons (Uzbek: Artel Superligasi) is the top division of professional football in Uzbekistan. It is operated under the auspices of the Uzbekistan Professional Football League. It was founded in 1992 and currently has 16 teams. The top team qualifies to the group stage of the AFC Champions League.
Statue of Fernando Pessoa
The statue of Fernando Pessoa (Portuguese: Estátua de Fernando Pessoa) is a bronze statue in Lisbon, Portugal, placed at the Chiado Square, in front of the coffeehouse Café A Brasileira at 120 Garrett Street, within the neighbourhood of Chiado in the civil parish of Misericórdia. It is dedicated to Fernando Pessoa, a poet and writer, considered as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language. The sculpture was designed by Lagoa Henriques, and unveiled on 13 June 1988.

Fernando Pessoa
Fernando António Nogueira de Seabra Pessoa (/pɛˈsoʊə/; Portuguese: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃du pɨˈsoɐ]; 13 June 1888 – 30 November 1935) was a Portuguese poet, writer, literary critic, translator, and publisher. He has been described as one of the most significant literary figures of the 20th century and one of the greatest poets in the Portuguese language. He also wrote in and translated from English and French.

Pessoa was a prolific writer both in his own name and approximately seventy-five other names, of which three stand out: Alberto Caeiro, Álvaro de Campos, and Ricardo Reis. He did not define these as pseudonyms because he felt that this did not capture their true independent intellectual life and instead called them heteronyms, a term he invented. These imaginary figures sometimes held unpopular or extreme views.
Aerosaurus
Aerosaurus (meaning "copper lizard") is an extinct genus within Varanopidae, a family of non-mammalian synapsids. It lived between 252-299 million years ago during the Early Permian in North America. The name comes from Latin aes (aeris) (combining stem: aer-) “copper”  and Greek sauros “lizard,” for El Cobre Canyon (from Spanish cobre “copper”) in northern New Mexico, where the type fossil was found and the site of former copper mines. Aerosaurus was a small to medium-bodied carnivorous synapsid characterized by its recurved teeth, triangular lateral temporal fenestra, and extended teeth row. Two species are recognized: A. greenleeorum (1937) and A. wellesi (1981).

Cisuralian
The Cisuralian, also known as the Early Permian, is the first series/epoch of the Permian. The Cisuralian was preceded by the Pennsylvanian and followed by the Guadalupian. The Cisuralian Epoch is named after the western slopes of the Ural Mountains in Russia and Kazakhstan and dates between 298.9 ± 0.15 – 274.4 ± 0.4 Ma.

In the regional stratigraphy of southwestern North America, the Cisuralian encompasses two series: the Wolfcampian (Asselian to mid-Artinskian) and Leonardian (mid-Artinskian to Kungurian).

The series saw the appearance of beetles and flies and was a relatively stable warming period of about 21 million years.
Mike Napoli
Michael Anthony Napoli (born October 31, 1981) is an American former professional baseball first baseman and catcher who is currently serving as the assistant bench coach for the Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball (MLB).

He was selected in the 17th round (500th overall) of the 2000 Major League Baseball draft, then played in MLB for the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Texas Rangers, Boston Red Sox, and Cleveland Indians. Napoli was primarily a catcher from 2005 to 2012, before spending the remainder of his career as a first baseman and designated hitter. He holds the all-time single-season records for most strikeouts by both a Red Sox player and an Indians player. In 2009 he led all American League catchers in errors, and in 2016 he led all AL first basemen in errors.

Designated hitter
The designated hitter (DH) is a baseball player who bats in place of the pitcher. Unlike other players in a team's lineup, they generally only play as an offensive player and usually do not play defense as a fielder or a pitcher during a game. Due to their specialized offensive-only role, the designated hitter is generally expected to produce above average offensive stats and production compared to other players who play defense.

In Major League Baseball, the position is authorized by Rule 5.11 of the Official Baseball Rules. It was adopted by the American League in 1973 and by the National League in 2022, making it universal in MLB. Within that time frame, nearly all amateur, collegiate, and professional leagues worldwide adopted the designated hitter or some variant, a major exception being Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League, which plans to adopt it in 2027.