hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2026 Indiana Senate election
The 2026 Indiana Senate election will be held on November 3, 2026,  in the U.S. state of Indiana, coinciding with other elections in the state, including for U.S. House, Indiana Secretary of State, Indiana Treasurer, Indiana State Auditor, and Indiana House, as well as various other local elections. Voters will elect members in 25 of the 50 seats in the Indiana Senate to serve four-year terms in single-member constituencies. The primary elections will take place on May 5.

2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the nine U.S. representatives from the State of Indiana, one from each of the state's congressional districts. The elections will coincide with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections will take place on May 5, 2026.
Advantame
Advantame is a non-caloric artificial sweetener and aspartame analog by Ajinomoto. By mass, it is about 20,000 times sweeter than sucrose and about 110 times sweeter than aspartame. It has no notable off-flavors when compared to sucrose and tastes sweet a bit longer than aspartame and is chemically more stable. It can be blended with many other natural and artificial sweeteners.

Advantame can be used as a table top sweetener and in certain bubblegums, flavored drinks, milk products, jams and confectionery among other things.

In 2013, it was approved for use in foods within EU with the E number E969. In 2014, FDA approved advantame as a non-nutritive sweetener and flavor enhancer within United States in foods generally, except meat and poultry.

Aspartame
Aspartame is an artificial, non-saccharide sweetener commonly used as a sugar substitute in foods and beverages. It is 200 times sweeter than sucrose, and is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide with brand names NutraSweet, Equal, and Canderel. Discovered in 1965, aspartame was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1974 and re-approved in 1981 after its initial approval was briefly revoked.

Aspartame is one of the most studied food additives in the human food supply. Reviews by over 100 governmental regulatory bodies found the ingredient safe for consumption at the normal acceptable daily intake limit.
Glycolipid
Glycolipids (/ˈɡlaɪkoʊˌlɪpɪdz/) are lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic (covalent) bond. Their role is to maintain the stability of the cell membrane and to facilitate cellular recognition, which is crucial to the immune response and in the connections that allow cells to connect to one another to form tissues. Glycolipids are found on the surface of all eukaryotic cell membranes, where they extend from the phospholipid bilayer into the extracellular environment.

Glycosidic bond
A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of ether bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate.

A glycosidic bond is formed between the hemiacetal or hemiketal group of a saccharide (or a molecule derived from a saccharide) and the hydroxyl group of some compound such as an alcohol. A substance containing a glycosidic bond is a glycoside.

The term 'glycoside' is now extended to also cover compounds with bonds formed between hemiacetal (or hemiketal) groups of sugars and several chemical groups other than hydroxyls, such as -SR (thioglycosides), -SeR (selenoglycosides), -NR1R2 (N-glycosides), or even -CR1R2R3 (C-glycosides).

Particularly in naturally occurring glycosides, the compound ROH from which the carbohydrate residue has been removed is often termed the aglycone, and the carbohydrate residue itself is sometimes referred to as the 'glycone'.
Cosmic Commuter
Cosmic Commuter is a horizontally scrolling shooter designed by John Van Ryzin and for the Atari 2600 and published by Activision in 1985. The player pilots a space craft that operates like a bus, picking up commuters along route while avoiding hazards and monitoring fuel. Once at least one person is collected, the player can return to a launch pad and perform the task again with more obstacles.

Cosmic Commuter was Van Ryzin's first game for Activision, after developing a few games for the Apple II computer. After developing it for nine months, play testers did not find the game fun, leading Van Ryzin to develop a new game titled H.E.R.O. which was released in 1984. Activision would later release Cosmic Commuter in 1985.

Computer Entertainer described Cosmic Commuter as being too much of a basic variation on other earlier scrolling shooters like Defender and Chopper Command (1982).

Chopper Command
Chopper Command is a horizontally scrolling shooter video game released by Activision for the Atari 2600 in June 1982. It was written by Bob Whitehead. The player flies a helicopter left and right over a scrolling, wraparound landscape, shooting down enemy airplanes to protect a convoy of trucks below.
Heathcote, New South Wales
Heathcote is a suburb of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The suburb is located 36 km south of the Sydney central business district in the Sutherland Shire of Southern Sydney. Heathcote is bordered by Engadine to the north and Waterfall to the south. It is bounded by the Royal National Park to the east, and Heathcote National Park to the west.

Heathcote is separated into two sections by the Illawarra railway line.

The South Metropolitan Scouts Association has a camping ground and training centre at Boundary Road. A small group of shops are located on the western side, near the railway station on Princes Highway. The Sutherland Shire Emergency Services Centre is located on the eastern side (Heathcote East / Heathcote Heights), beside the railway station.

Favoured bushwalking tracks are throughout the Royal National Park accessed from Engadine railway station and Heathcote East.

Engadine, New South Wales
Engadine is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Engadine is located 33 kilometres (21 mi) south of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the Sutherland Shire.
Paramount Mwari
The Paramount Mwari, formerly known as AHRLAC (Advanced High Performance Reconnaissance Light Aircraft), is a South African light reconnaissance and counter-insurgency aircraft developed by Paramount Aerospace Industries, which started out as a joint venture between the Paramount Group and Aerosud. It is designed to perform as an inexpensive, more versatile substitute for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and modern light attack aircraft.

On 26 July 2014, the Ahrlac conducted its maiden flight; on 13 August 2014, the aircraft performed its first public flight display at Wonderboom Airport. Both armed and unarmed models of the aircraft are sold, as well as a potential unmanned version.

Counter-insurgency aircraft
Counter-insurgency aircraft or COIN aircraft are a specialized variety of military light attack aircraft, armed with aircraft artillery and/or portable rockets and designed for counter-insurgency operations, armed reconnaissance, air escort of ground forces, and ground support against "low-intensity engagements"; usually irregular groups of insurgents.
Praveen Keshav Vohra
Air Marshal Praveen Keshav Vohra, UYSM, AVSM, VM is a serving air officer of the Indian Air Force. He is currently serving as the Commandant of the Air Force Academy. He previously served as the Senior Air Staff Officer, Western Air Command. He is also the Commodore Commandant of the No. 47 Squadron.

Air marshal (India)
Air marshal is a three-star air officer rank in the Indian Air Force. It is the second-highest active rank in the Indian Air Force. Air marshal ranks above the two-star rank of air vice marshal and below the four-star rank of air chief marshal, which is held by the Chief of the Air Staff.

The equivalent rank in the Indian Army is lieutenant general and in the Indian Navy is vice admiral. Officers in the rank of air marshal hold important appointments at the air commands and at the air headquarters.
Robert Halliday Gunning
Robert Halliday Gunning FRSE PRPSE FSA LLD (12 December 1818 – 22 March 1900) was a Scottish surgeon, entrepreneur and philanthropist. He did much to improve social conditions in Brazil and also became rich there. He endowed numerous prizes and awards including the Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prizes. The University of Edinburgh provides scholarships under the title of Gunning Victoria Jubilee Bursaries. He was a close friend of both Thomas Chalmers and Robert Christison.

Thomas Chalmers
Thomas Chalmers FRSE (17 March 1780 – 31 May 1847), was a Scottish Presbyterian minister, professor of theology, political economist, and a leader of both the Church of Scotland and of the Free Church of Scotland. He has been called "Scotland's greatest nineteenth-century churchman".

He served as Vice-president of the Royal Society of Edinburgh from 1835 to 1842.

The New Zealand town of Port Chalmers was named after Chalmers. A bust of Chalmers is on display in the Hall of Heroes of the National Wallace Monument in Stirling.

The Thomas Chalmers Centre in Kirkliston is named after him.
Massagris mohale
Massagris mohale is  a species of jumping spider that ilves in Leotho. A member of the genus Massagris, the spider is small, with a cephalothorax between 2.1 and 2.4 mm (0.083 and 0.094 in) long and an abdomen between 1.8 and 4 mm (0.071 and 0.157 in) long. It is generally brown with a distinctive pattern of a yellow serrated stripe on its abdomen. The female is lighter than the male with a yellow pattern on its brown carapace and a yellow rather than brown sternum and legs. The spider has distinctive copulatory organs. The male has a long embolus that forms three coils that sit on top of the palpal bulb and the female has a depression to the back of its epigyne, the external part of its copulatory organs, and two copulatory openings to the front. The spider was first described in 2014 and is named for the Mohale Dam where it was first found.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Dhiraj Seth
Lieutenant General Dhiraj Seth, PVSM, UYSM, AVSM is a serving general officer of the Indian Army. He currently serves as General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Command. He was previously tenanting the appointment of General Officer Commanding-in-Chief South Western Command. He earlier held the appointment of General Officer commanding Delhi Area, prior to that he was General Officer Commanding XXI Corps. He is also the Colonel of the Regiment of the Armoured Corps.

Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM, lit. 'Very Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India given to recognize "distinguished service of an exceptional order" to all ranks of the armed forces. The award is a peacetime equivalent of Uttam Yuddh Seva Medal, which is a Wartime Distinguished Service decoration.

The award can also be granted posthumously. Subsequent awards are represented by a bar worn on the ribbon. The awardee can use "AVSM" as post-nominal letters.
Trimukhi Parbat
Trimukhi Parbat is a mountain of the Garhwal Himalaya in Uttarakhand India.The elevation of Trimukhi Parbat is 6,422 metres (21,070 ft) and its prominence is 269 metres (883 ft). It is 99th highest located entirely within the Uttrakhand. Nanda Devi, is the highest mountain in this category. It lies 2.8 km NE of Sri Kailash 6,932 metres (22,743 ft) its nearest higher neighbor and 1.9 km south of Trimukhi East 6,280 metres (20,604 ft). It lies 7.9 km North of Pilapani Parbat 6,796 metres (22,297 ft). It is located 8.3 km NE of Yogeshwar 6,678 metres (21,909 ft) and 16.4 km east lies Tara 6,069 metres (19,911 ft).

Sri Kailash
Sri Kailash (Hindi: श्री कैलाश) is a mountain in Uttarakhand, India, the 47th highest located entirely within India. Nanda Devi is the highest mountain in this category. Sri Kailash is the 204th highest peak in the world. The summit is 6932 meters or 22744 feet. It is the fourth highest mountain in the Gangotri region. The three higher peaks in this region are Chaukhamba (7134m), Satopanth (7075m), Kedarnath (6940m). It is situated at the head of The Raktvarn Glacier.
Island reversal
In both stock trading and financial technical analysis, an island reversal is a candlestick pattern with compact trading activity within a range of prices, separated from the move preceding it. A "candlestick pattern" is a movement in prices shown graphically on a candlestick chart. This separation shown on the chart, is said to be caused by an exhaustion gap and the subsequent move in the opposite direction occurs as a result of a breakaway gap.

Gap (chart pattern)
A gap is defined as an unfilled space or interval. On a technical analysis chart, a gap represents an area where no trading takes place. On the Japanese candlestick chart, a window is interpreted as a gap. Gaps are spaces on a chart that emerge when the price of the financial instrument significantly changes with little or no trading in between.

In an upward trend, a gap is produced when the highest price of one day is lower than the lowest price of the following day. Conversely, in a downward trend, a gap occurs when the lowest price of any one day is higher than the highest price of the next day.

For example, the price of a share reaches a high of $30.00 on Wednesday, and opens at $31.20 on Thursday, falls down to $31.00 in the early hour, moves straight up again to $31.45, and no trading occurs in between $30.00 and $31.00 area. This no-trading zone appears on the chart as a gap.

Gaps can play an important role when spotted before the beginning of a move.
John Strange (Wisconsin politician)
John Strange (June 27, 1852 – May 28, 1923) was an American businessman and Republican politician from Winnebago County, Wisconsin.  He was the 21st lieutenant governor of Wisconsin, serving from 1909 to 1911.

Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin
The lieutenant governor of Wisconsin is the first person in the line of succession of Wisconsin's executive branch, thus serving as governor in the event of the death, resignation, removal, impeachment, absence from the state, or incapacity due to illness of the governor of Wisconsin. 
Forty-one individuals have held the office of lieutenant governor since Wisconsin's admission to the Union in 1848, two of whom—Warren Knowles and Jack Olson—have served for non-consecutive terms.  The first lieutenant governor was John Holmes, who took office on June 7, 1848.  The current lieutenant governor is Sara Rodriguez, who took office on January 3, 2023.
Begun Assembly constituency
Begun Assembly constituency is one of the 200 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan state in India.

It is part of Chittorgarh district. As of 2023, it is represented by Suresh Dhaker of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Chittorgarh district
Chittorgarh district is one of the 50 districts of Rajasthan state in western India. The historic city of Chittaurgarh is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district was established on 1 August 1948 by integrating portions of various princely states: Mewar, Pratabgarh, Tonk, and Jhalawar. Chittaurgarh is famous for the Chittor fort, home to various famous Rajput dynasties.
Long guard
Long or extended guards are some of the oldest guards in boxing. Long guards were used in Ancient Greek boxing and are still used today in modern boxing. Long guards and hybrid long guards are also used in other martial arts such as pankration, muay Thai, and mixed martial arts.

Ancient Greek boxing
Ancient Greek boxing (Greek: πυγμαχία pygmachia, "fist fighting") dates back to at least the 8th century BC (Homer's Iliad), and was practiced in a variety of social contexts in different Greek city-states. Most extant sources about ancient Greek boxing are fragmentary or legendary, making it difficult to reconstruct the rules, customs and history surrounding this activity in great detail. Still, it is clear that gloved boxing bouts were a significant part of ancient Greek athletic culture throughout the early classical period.
Sangarsh
Sangarsh is an annual fund-raising musical concert organised by Rotaract club of CEG, Anna University, Chennai. Sangarsh is focused at aiding the needy sections of the society. Many eminent playback singers have made their presence over the years. Actor Kamal Haasan was the patron for Sangarsh'11. Oscar-winning Music Director A. R. Rahman was the patron of Sangarsh'12. Veteran actor Prakash Raj and actor Srikanth were the patrons for Sangarsh'13.

Anna University
Anna University is a public state university located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The main campus is in Guindy. It was originally established on 4 September 1978 and is named after C. N. Annadurai, former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.
Ayyub ibn Salama
Ayyub ibn Salama ibn Abd Allah ibn al-Walid ibn al-Walid ibn al-Mughira al-Makhzumi (fl. 715 – c. 762) was a notable of Medina in the late Umayyad and early Abbasid period. He belonged to a wealthy family of the locally prominent Banu Makhzum clan of the Quraysh. He is recorded as a witness or participant of political events in Medina during the reigns of caliphs Sulayman, Hisham and al-Mansur, including as a one-time supporter of the Alid revolt of Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya against the Abbasids.

Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (Arabic: هِشَام ابْن عَبْد الْمَلِك ٱبْن مَرْوَان, romanized: Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān; c. 691 – 6 February 743) was the tenth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 724 until his death in 743. His grandson Abd al-Rahman I (731 – 788) was the founder and first emir of the Emirate of Córdoba.
Arkansas Highway 254
Highway 254 (AR 254, Ark. 254, and Hwy. 254) is an east–west state highway in Van Buren County and Searcy County. The route of 20.68 miles (33.28 km) runs from Highway 27 east to US Route 65 (US 65) at Dennard.

Arkansas Highway 27
Arkansas Highway 27 (AR 27) is a designation for four state highways in Arkansas. One segment of 58.30 miles (93.82 km) runs from US 59/US 71 west of Ben Lomond north to US 270 in Mount Ida. A second segment of 46.09 miles (74.17 km) runs from US 270 west of Mount Ida north to Highway 10 in Danville. A third segment of 18.41 miles (29.63 km) runs from Highway 10 in Danville north to Highway 7 in Dardanelle. A fourth segment of 71.98 miles (115.84 km) runs from Highway 7 in Dover north to Highway 14 at Harriet.

The designation also includes Highway 27B, a business route in Nashville, and Highway 27N, a former alternate route near Ben Lomond deleted in the 1990s. All highways are maintained by the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department (AHTD).
Jay Leonhart
Jay Leonhart (born December 6, 1940) is an American double bassist, singer, and songwriter who has worked in jazz and popular music. He has performed with Judy Garland, Bucky Pizzarelli, Carly Simon, Frank Sinatra, and Sting. Leonhart is noted for his clever songwriting, often laced with dry humor. His compositions have been recorded by Blossom Dearie, Lee Konitz, and Gary Burton. His poetry is published both in, and outside of, the venue of song.

Lee Konitz
Leon "Lee" Konitz (October 13, 1927 – April 15, 2020) was an American jazz alto saxophonist and composer.

He performed successfully in a wide range of jazz styles, including bebop, cool jazz, and avant-garde jazz. Konitz's association with the cool jazz movement of the 1940s and 1950s includes participation in Miles Davis's Birth of the Cool sessions and his work with pianist Lennie Tristano. He was one of relatively few alto saxophonists of this era to retain a distinctive style, when Charlie Parker exerted a massive influence. Like other students of Tristano, Konitz improvised long, melodic lines with the rhythmic interest coming from odd accents, or odd note groupings suggestive of the imposition of one time signature over another. Other saxophonists were strongly influenced by Konitz, such as Paul Desmond and Art Pepper.

He died during the COVID-19 pandemic from complications brought on by the disease.
Cambro-Normans
Cambro-Normans (Latin: Cambria; "Wales", Welsh: Normaniaid Cymreig; Norman: Nouormands Galles) were Normans who settled in southern Wales and the Welsh Marches after the Norman invasion of Wales. Cambro-Norman knights were also the leading force in the Cambro-Norman invasion of Ireland, led by Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke in 1170.

Norman language
Norman or Norman French (Normaund, French: Normand [nɔʁmɑ̃] ⓘ, Guernésiais: Normand, Jèrriais: Nouormand) is a langue d'oïl spoken in the historical and cultural region of Normandy.

The name "Norman French" is sometimes also used to describe the administrative languages of Anglo-Norman and Law French used in England. For the most part, the written forms of Norman and modern French are mutually intelligible. The thirteenth-century philosopher Roger Bacon was the first to distinguish it along with other dialects such as Picard and Bourguignon.

Today, although it does not enjoy any official status outside of Jersey, some reports of the French Ministry of Culture have recognized it as one of the regional languages of France.
Nrusinhavatar
Nrusinhavatar (pronounced [nrusĩhavətar]) is one of the two Gujarati plays written by Manilal Nabhubhai Dwivedi, the other is Kanta. Written probably in 1896, it recounts the puranic mythological tale of Nrusinhavatar. It was first staged by the Mumbai Gujarati Natak Company in 1899 but was unsuccessful. It was staged again in 1906-07 and became successful. It was edited and published as the book by Dhirubhai Thaker in 1955.

Kanta (play)
Kanta (pronounced [kɑnta]) is an 1882 Gujarati play by Manilal Dwivedi, based on a historical event; the killing of King Jayshikhari of Patan by King Bhuvad of Panchasar. Dwivedi added the characters of Tarala, Haradas and Ratnadas from his own imagination and gave dramatic twists to the original story in order to make the story more suitable for a dramatic retelling. It has been called the most outstanding play of the 19th century in Gujarati literature. Reportedly, the play has elements of Sanskrit drama and Shakespearean tragedy reflected in its construction, due to Dwivedi's recent translation of Sanskrit play Malatimadhavam and studies of Shakespeare's plays. Kanta had moderate success on the stage. The Mumbai Gujarati Natak Mandali inaugurated its theatrical activities by staging this play on 29 June 1889.
5VK
The 5VK planetary probe (short for 5th-generation Venus-Comet probe) is a designation for a common design used for Soviet unmanned probes to comet 1P/Halley and Venus.

It was an incremental improvement of earlier 4MV probes used for Mars and Venus missions.

4MV
The 4MV planetary probe (short for 4th-generation Mars-Venus probe) is a designation for a common design used for Soviet unmanned probes to Mars and Venus.

It was an incremental improvement of earlier 3MV probes and was used for Mars missions 2 to 7 and Venera missions 9 to 16. Different versions of the bus exist, for example 4V-1, 4V-M and 4V-2. The same base design was also used for earth-orbiting space observatories.