hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galli–Galli disease
Galli–Galli disease is a rare inherited condition that has close resemblance clinically to Dowling-Degos' disease, but is histologically distinct, characterized by skin lesions that are 1- to 2-mm slightly keratotic red to dark brown papules which are focally confluent in a reticulate pattern.: 856   The disease is also characterized by slowly progressive and disfiguring reticulate hyperpigmentation of the flexures, clinically and histopathologically diagnostic for Dowling-Degos disease but also associated with suprabasal, nondyskeratotic acantholysis.

Reticular pigmented anomaly of the flexures
Reticular pigmented anomaly of the flexures (also known as dark dot disease and Dowling–Degos disease) is a fibrous anomaly of the flexures or bending parts of the axillae, neck and inframammary/sternal areas.: 856   It is an autosomal-dominant pigmentary disorder that may appear in adolescence or adulthood.  This condition is due to mutations in structural/desmosomal proteins found within stratified squamous epithelium.

Dark dot disease is associated with KRT5.
Pluriblast
The pluriblast is a pluripotent population of cells in the embryogenesis of marsupials, called the inner cell mass in eutherians. The pluriblast is distinct from the trophoblast, and gives rise to the germ layers of the embryo, as well as extra embryonic endoderm and extra embryonic mesoderm.  Both the pluriblast and trophoblast arise from the totipotent cells of the early conceptus.  By definition, the pluriblast does not give rise to trophoblast cells during normal development, although it may retain this potential under experimental conditions.

In metatherians (marsupials), the pluriblast forms part of the blastocyst wall and no structure exists that can be described as an inner cell mass.  "Inner cell mass" is thus a morphological term peculiar to eutherian mammals, whereas "pluriblast" is a functional term more widely applicable to conserved aspects of mammalian development.

Cell potency
Cell potency is a cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types.
The more cell types a cell can differentiate into, the greater its potency. Potency is also described as the gene activation potential within a cell, which like a continuum, begins with totipotency to designate a cell with the most differentiation potential, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, and finally unipotency.
Methods used by advocacy groups
Methods used by advocacy groups aim to influence public opinion and shape public policy in support of the groups' objectives. The nature of an advocacy group's activities depends largely on the scope of the group's objectives. Motives for action by an advocacy group may be based on a shared political, religious, moral, medical, or commercial position. Groups use various methods to pursue their aims, including lobbying, media campaigns, publicity stunts, polls, research, and policy briefings. Some groups are supported by powerful business or political interests – and thereby exert considerable influence on the political process – while other groups have limited or no resources of this type.

Classification of advocacy groups
An advocacy group is a group or an organization that tries to influence the government but does not hold power in the government. Advocacy groups are generally classified according to two broad typologies: their core aims (group–cause typology), and their relationship to government (insider–outsider typology).
Adam Hagara
Adam Hagara (born 26 April 2006) is a Slovak figure skater. He is the 2024 Winter Youth Olympic silver medalist, two-time Junior World bronze medalist (2024, 2025), 2023–24 Junior Grand Prix Final bronze medalist and 2023 JGP Austria champion, and has seven senior international medals as well as five Slovak national titles (2022–2026).

He is the first Slovak figure skater to win a ISU Junior Grand Prix gold medal, to qualify and medal at a Grand Prix Final, to medal at an ISU championship event, and to land a clean quadruple jump in an ISU competition.

ISU Junior Grand Prix in Austria
The ISU Junior Grand Prix in Austria – also known as the Cup of Austria – is an international figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by Skate Austria. It is held periodically as an event of the ISU Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating (JGP), a series of international competitions exclusively for junior-level skaters. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earn points based on their results at the qualifying competitions each season, and the top skaters or teams in each discipline are invited to then compete at the Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final.
Indoleacetate decarboxylase
Indoleacetate decarboxylase (IAD) is a glycyl radical enzyme (therefore member of the GRE superfamily ) that catalyses the decarboxylation of indoleacetate to form skatole, which is a malodorous organic compound that gives animal faeces their characteristic smell. This decarboxylation is the last step of the tryptophan fermentation in some types of anaerobic bacteria.

Tryptophan (Trp), Tyrosine (Tyr) and Phenylalanine (Phe) are aromatic aminoacids that can be degraded by certain types of fermenting bacteria. These bacteria create indoleacetate, p-hydroxyphenylacetate and phenylacetate, respectively. In addition, some bacteria carry out a further step, decarboxylating these compounds and creating skatole, cresol and toluene, respectively, which are volatile aromatic compounds. Out of these three compounds, skatole is the most noticeable as its distinct faecal malodour is detectable at the lowest concentration of 0.00056 parts per million (0.0030 mg/m3).

Indole-3-acetic acid
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA, 3-IAA) is the most common naturally occurring plant hormone of the auxin class. It is the best known of the auxins, and has been the subject of extensive studies by plant physiologists. IAA is a derivative of indole, containing a carboxymethyl substituent. It is a colorless solid that is soluble in polar organic solvents.
1931–32 Palestine League
The 1931–32 Palestine League was the first complete season of league football in the British Mandate for Palestine, and the first played in an autumn-spring format. Although in previous seasons several leagues were contested, none are recognized by the Israeli Football Association.

The season began on 7 November 1931 and its final matches were played on 27 May 1932. Seven matches were left un-played as a dispute between Hapoel and Maccabi factions within the EIFA following the punishment given to Hapoel Haifa following the events that led to the abandonment of the cup final halted all EIFA activities.

The championship was won by British Police, who finished the season unbeaten.

Israel Football Association
The Israel Football Association (IFA; Hebrew: ההתאחדות לכדורגל בישראל HaHiṯəʼaḥăḏūṯ ləKaddūreḡel bəYiśrāʼēl, lit. 'The Association of Football in Israel') is the governing body of football in Israel. It organizes a variety of association football leagues where the highest level is the Israeli Premier League; as well as national cups such as the Israel State Cup, the Toto Cup, and the Israel Super Cup; also, the Israel national football team. The IFA was originally founded in 1928, in Mandatory Palestine, and is based in Ramat Gan.
Peter Biddle
Peter Nicholas Biddle (born December 22, 1966) is a technology evangelist from the United States. His primary fields of interest while employed at major technology companies such as Intel and Microsoft were content distribution, secure computing, and encryption. Since his departure from Intel, he has co-founded and led several industrial design companies.

Technology evangelist
A technology evangelist is someone who builds a critical mass of support for a specific technology, and then establishes it as a technical standard in a market that is subject to network effects. The word evangelism is borrowed from the context of religious evangelism due to the similarity of sharing information about a particular concept with the intention of having others adopt that concept. This is typically accomplished by showcasing the potential uses and benefits of a technology to help others understand how they can use it for themselves.
Cycloserine
Cycloserine, sold under the brand name Seromycin, is a GABA transaminase inhibitor and an antibiotic, used to treat tuberculosis. Specifically it is used, along with other antituberculosis medications, for active drug resistant tuberculosis. It is given by mouth.

Common side effects include allergic reactions, seizures, sleepiness, unsteadiness, and numbness. It is not recommended in people who have kidney failure, epilepsy, depression, or are alcoholics. It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe for the baby. Cycloserine is similar in structure to the amino acid D-alanine and works by interfering with the formation of the bacteria's cell wall.

Cycloserine was discovered in 1954 from a type of Streptomyces. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Paresthesia
Paresthesia is a sensation of the skin that may feel like numbness (hypoesthesia), tingling, pricking, chilling, or burning. It can be temporary or chronic and has many possible underlying causes. Paresthesia is usually painless and can occur anywhere on the body, but does most commonly in the arms and legs.

The most familiar kind of paresthesia is the sensation known as pins and needles after having a limb "fall asleep" (obdormition). This is typically achieved by not moving the limb for a long period of time. Hitting the ulnar nerve (the "funny bone", actually a nerve) also induces paresthesias. A less common kind is formication, the sensation of insects crawling on or under the skin.
Michael Modest
Michael K. Cariglio (born July 19, 1971) is an American professional wrestler, better known by his stage name, Michael Modest (sometimes shortened to Mike Modest). Modest ran the promotion Pro Wrestling Iron with tag partner Donovan Morgan and Frank Murdoch until its closure in 2005. Modest has also wrestled in Japan for Pro Wrestling Noah, winning the GHC Junior Heavyweight Championship after defeating Yoshinobu Kanemaru. He has also wrestled in Canada, Mexico and Ireland. He is perhaps best known for his appearances in the wrestling documentary Beyond the Mat, the film Ready to Rumble, and the TV special Exposed! Pro Wrestling's Greatest Secrets (under a mask as "Private Pain").

GHC Junior Heavyweight Championship
The Global Honored Crown (GHC) Junior Heavyweight Championship (Japanese: GHCジュニアヘビー級王座, Hepburn: GHC Junia Hebī-kyū Ōza) is a professional wrestling title in Japanese promotion Pro Wrestling Noah, contested exclusively among junior heavyweight (<100 kg) wrestlers. It was created in 2001 when Yoshinobu Kanemaru defeated Juventud Guerrera in a 12-man tournament final. In addition to Japan, the title has also been defended in the United States, United Kingdom and Germany.

As of July 13, 2024, there have been a total of 60 reigns shared between 29 different champions. The current champion is Amakusa, who is in his third reign. He won the title by defeating Hiromu Takahashi at Noah The New Year 2026.
Teatown Lake Reservation
Teatown Lake Reservation is a nonprofit nature preserve and environmental education center in Westchester County, New York, U.S., located in the towns of Ossining, Yorktown, Cortlandt, and New Castle. The reservation includes an 1,000-acre (4.0 km2) nature preserve and education center, visited annually by around 25,000 people.

Known by locals simply as "Teatown", the organization works to conserve biodiversity, teach ecology and promote nature-friendly living. Located in the Lower Hudson Valley's Hudson Highlands, Teatown Lake Reservation conserves open space, educates about the environment, sustaining the diversity of wildlife and plants.

Hudson Highlands
The Hudson Highlands are mountains on both sides of the Hudson River in New York state lying primarily in Putnam County on its east bank and Orange County on its west.  They continue somewhat to the south in Westchester County and Rockland County, respectively. The highlands are a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains.

North to south they fall between Newburgh Bay and Haverstraw Bay, the latter forming the northern region of the New York - New Jersey Highlands.

The Hudson River enters this region in the south at Dunderberg Mountain near Stony Point, and from the north in the vicinity of Breakneck Ridge and Storm King Mountain near Cornwall, New York. These highlands have played a significant role in America's environmental, cultural, and military history.
Karen Whitsett
Karen Whitsett (born November 8, 1967) is an American politician serving as a member of the Michigan House of Representatives since 2019, currently representing the 4th district. A member of the Democratic Party, Whitsett is often considered one of the more conservative Democrats in the House. In January 2025, Whitsett announced that she would not attend House Democrat caucus meetings. She was an unsuccessful candidate for Detroit City Council in 2025.

Michigan's 4th House of Representatives district
Michigan's 4th House of Representatives district (also referred to as Michigan's 4th House district) is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives located in the eastern portion of Wayne County, Michigan, including much of Detroit's Midtown and New Center neighborhoods, and all of the city of Hamtramck. The district was created in 1965, when the Michigan House of Representatives district naming scheme changed from a county-based system to a numerical one.
Kim Eung-ryong
Kim Eung-Ryong (born September 15, 1941) is a Korean baseball manager. He is the winningest manager in the history of Korean professional baseball, having won ten Korean Series championships throughout his career. He was the manager of the Haitai Tigers (1983–2000), Samsung Lions (2001–2004), and Hanwha Eagles (2013–2014).

KBO League
The KBO League (Korean: KBO 리그) is a professional baseball league in South Korea. The league comprises ten teams. The KBO League was founded with six franchises in 1982 and is the most popular sports league in South Korea. The Kia Tigers are the most successful team, having won 12 of the 44 championships.

In comparison with American Major League Baseball, ESPN reports that the KBO level of play "appears to be somewhere between Double-A and Triple-A, on average, though the best players are more likely to be MLB-quality than your typical Double-A league." Historically, the KBO is known for its vocal and exuberant fan base, as well as the widespread practice of bat flips (ppa-dun (Korean: 빠던), a portmanteau of the "first syllables of the words for 'bat' and 'throw'") by hitters after striking what they think will be a home run. In the KBO, the bat flipping tradition dates to the 1990s.
Brad Soderberg
Bradley William Soderberg (born May 10, 1962) is a men's college basketball coach. He is currently an assistant coach for the Millikin Big Blue of the College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin (CCIW). Soderberg was previously head coach at Lindenwood, St. Louis, South Dakota State, Loras College, was the interim head coach at Wisconsin, and an assistant coach for the University of Virginia Cavaliers.

South Dakota State University
South Dakota State University (SDSU or SD State) is a public land-grant research university in Brookings, South Dakota, United States. Founded in 1881, it is the state's largest university and is the second oldest continually operating university in the state. The university is governed by the South Dakota Board of Regents.

South Dakota State University is a land-grant university founded under the provisions of the 1862 Morrill Act. This land-grant heritage and mission has led the university to place a special focus on academic programs in agriculture, engineering, nursing, and pharmacy, as well as liberal arts. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The graduate program is classified as Doctoral, Science, Technology, Engineering, Math dominant.
2016 FA Community Shield
The 2016 FA Community Shield (also known as The FA Community Shield supported by McDonald's for sponsorship reasons) was the 94th FA Community Shield, an annual English football match played between the winners of the previous season's Premier League and FA Cup. The match was contested by 2015–16 FA Cup winners Manchester United, and Leicester City, champions of the 2015–16 Premier League. It was held at Wembley Stadium a week before the Premier League season kicked off. Manchester United won the match 2–1 with goals from Jesse Lingard and Zlatan Ibrahimović, either side of a goal from Leicester striker Jamie Vardy.

Arsenal were the defending champions as winners of the 2015 FA Community Shield, but did not qualify for this edition, as they finished second in the Premier League and got knocked out of the FA Cup in the sixth round.

2015–16 FA Cup
The 2015–16 FA Cup (also known as the FA Challenge Cup) was the 135th edition of the oldest recognised football tournament in the world. It was sponsored by Emirates, and known as The Emirates FA Cup for sponsorship purposes. It began with the extra preliminary round on 15 August 2015, and concluded with the final on 21 May 2016. The FA Cup winner qualifies for the 2016–17 UEFA Europa League group stage.

Premier League side Arsenal were the two-time defending champions after they beat Aston Villa 4–0 in the previous final on 30 May 2015, but were eliminated by Watford in the sixth round.

The winners were Manchester United, who defeated Crystal Palace 2–1 in the final after extra time for their record-tying 12th title.
Battle of Paraguarí
The Battle of Paraguarí, also known as Battle of Cerro Porteño, took place on January 19, 1811 nearby Paraguarí between the army sent by the Primera Junta and the forces of the Intendency of Paraguay under the command of their governor Bernardo de Velasco. The battle ended with a Paraguayan victory and boosted confidence to declare independence from both Buenos Aires and Spain.

Primera Junta
The Primera Junta ("First Junta") or Junta Provisional Gubernativa de las Provincias del Río de la Plata ("Provisional Governing Junta of the Provinces of the Río de la Plata"), is the most common name given to the first government of what would eventually become Argentina. It was formed on 25 May 1810, as a result of the events of the May Revolution. The Junta initially only had representatives from Buenos Aires. When it was expanded, as expected, with the addition of representatives from the other cities of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, it became popularly known instead as the Junta Grande (Grand Junta) or Junta Provisional Gubernativa de Buenos Aires. The Junta operated at El Fuerte (the fort, where the modern Casa Rosada stands), which had been used since 1776 as a residence by the viceroys.
Ashley Wagner
Ashley Elisabeth Wagner (born May 16, 1991) is an American former competitive figure skater. She is the 2016 World silver medalist, a 2014 Olympic bronze medalist in the  team event, the 2012 Four Continents champion, a three-time Grand Prix Final medalist (1 silver, 2 bronze), a thirteen-time Grand Prix medalist (5 gold, 3 silver, 5 bronze), and a three-time U.S. national champion (2012, 2013, and 2015). Wagner competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, and placed 7th. At the junior level, Wagner is a two-time World Junior bronze medalist (2007, 2009), the 2006-07 Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, a two-time Junior Grand Prix medalist (2 gold), and the 2007 U.S. junior bronze medalist.

Wagner joined NBC as a color commentator for the 2020 European Figure Skating Championships. She provided figure skating analysis for NBC's world feed at the 2024 U.S. Championships alongside fellow figure skater and former training mate Adam Rippon.

2006–07 ISU Junior Grand Prix
The 2006–07 ISU Junior Grand Prix was the tenth season of the ISU Junior Grand Prix, a series of international junior level competitions organized by the International Skating Union. It was the Junior-level complement to the 2006–07 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating, which was for Senior-level skaters. Skaters compete in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The top skaters from the series met at the Junior Grand Prix Final.

Skaters who reached the age of 13 by July 1, 2006 but had not turned 19 (singles and females of the other two disciplines) or 21 (male pair skaters and ice dancers) were eligible to compete on the junior circuit.
Bob Hasegawa
Robert Alan Hasegawa (born September 22, 1952) is an American labor leader and politician serving as a member of the Washington State Senate, representing the 11th Legislative District since January 2013. Hasegawa is a lifelong resident of Seattle's Beacon Hill. He previously served in the Washington State House of Representatives, and is retired from the Teamsters Union where he was a member and union leader for over 32 years.

Washington State Senate
The Washington State Senate is the upper house of the Washington State Legislature. The body consists of 49 members, each representing a district with a population of approximately 160,000. The state senate meets at the Legislative Building in Olympia.

As with the lower House of Representatives, state senators serve without term limits, and senators serve four-year terms. Senators are elected from the same legislative districts as House members, with each district electing one senator and two representatives. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the state senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions, and boards.
Chris Goss
Chris Goss is an American record producer and musician. Best known for producing records for Kyuss and Queens of the Stone Age, he is regarded as an important figure in the development of stoner rock and desert rock genres. Goss is also the lead singer and guitarist of the hard rock band Masters of Reality.

Palm Desert Scene
The Palm Desert Scene is a group of related bands and musicians from Palm Desert, California. Their hard rock sound – sometimes described as desert rock – contains elements of heavy metal, psychedelia, blues, punk, alternative, grunge, and other genres. It often features distinctive repetitive drum beats, a propensity for free-form jamming, and "sludgy" or "trance-like" grooves. The involved musicians often play in multiple bands simultaneously, and there is a high rate of collaboration between bands. The Palm Desert Scene is also notable for fostering stoner rock pioneers Kyuss. The term "stoner rock" is sometimes used interchangeably with the term "desert rock". However, not all Palm Desert scene bands are "stoner rock" and not all stoner rock bands sound exactly like those in Palm Desert. Palm Desert has been named by Blender magazine as "one of the top seven rock n' roll cities in America".