hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Satake Yoshizumi
Satake Yoshizumi (佐竹義処, October 9, 1637 – August 5, 1703)  was the 3rd daimyō of Kubota Domain in Dewa Province, Japan (modern-day Akita Prefecture), and then 21st hereditary chieftain of the Satake clan. His courtesy title was Ukyō-no-daifu and Jijū, and later raised to Sakon'e-shōshō and his Court rank was Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade.

Kubota Domain
Kubota Domain (久保田藩, Kubota han) was a feudal domain in Edo period Japan, located in Dewa Province (modern-day Akita Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Kubota Castle in what is now the city of Akita and was thus also known as the Akita Domain (秋田藩, Akita han). It was governed for the whole of its history by the Satake clan. During its rule over Kubota, the Satake clan was ranked as a Province-holding daimyō (国持ち大名, kunimochi daimyō) family, and as such, had the privilege of shogunal audiences in the Great Hall (Ohiroma) of Edo Castle.

In the Boshin War of 1868–69, the domain joined the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei, the alliance of northern domains supporting the Tokugawa shogunate, but then later defected to the imperial side. As with all other domains, it was disbanded in 1871.
Image (mathematics)
In mathematics, for a function , the image is a relation between inputs and outputs, used in three related ways:

The image of an input value  is the single output value produced by  when passed  . The preimage of an output value  is the set of input values that produce .

More generally, evaluating  at each element of a given subset  of its domain  produces a set, called the "image of  under (or through) ". Similarly, the inverse image (or preimage) of a given subset  of the codomain  is the set of all elements of  that map to a member of

The image of the function  is the set of all output values it may produce, that is, the image of . The preimage of  is the preimage of the codomain . Because it always equals  (the domain of ), it is rarely used.

Image and inverse image may also be defined for general binary relations, not just functions.

Subset
In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if and only if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment). A is a subset of B may also be expressed as B includes (or contains) A or A is included (or contained) in B. A k-subset is a subset with k elements.

When quantified,  is represented as

One can prove the statement  by applying a proof technique known as the element argument:

Let sets A and B be given. To prove that 
suppose that a is a particular but arbitrarily chosen element of A
show that a is an element of B.

The validity of this technique can be seen as a consequence of universal generalization: the technique shows  for an arbitrarily chosen element c. Universal generalisation then implies  which is equivalent to  as stated above.
Haplogroup R (mtDNA)
Haplogroup R is a widely distributed human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. Haplogroup R 
is associated with the peopling of Eurasia after about 70,000 years ago, and is distributed in modern populations throughout the world outside of sub-Saharan Africa.

Haplogroup R is a descendant of the macro-haplogroup N. Among the R clade's descendant haplogroups are B, U (and thus K), F, R0 (and thus HV, H, and V), and JT (the ancestral haplogroup of J and T).

Haplogroup J (mtDNA)
Haplogroup J is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade derives from the haplogroup JT, which also gave rise to haplogroup T. Within the field of medical genetics, certain polymorphisms specific to haplogroup J have been associated with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy.
Nathan Apea Aferi
Major General Nathan Apea Aferi (September 1923 – 8 April 2003) was a soldier and politician in Ghana. He was a former Chief of the Defence Staff of Ghana. He also served briefly as Foreign Minister of Ghana.

Minister for Foreign Affairs (Ghana)
The Minister for Foreign Affairs is a government official responsible for overseeing the foreign policy and international diplomacy of Ghana. Currently Samuel Okudzeto Ablakwa, the minister is usually one of the most senior members of Cabinet. Under pre-1992 military regimes in Ghana, the title; minister has been replaced with commissioner or secretary.

During the government rule of Nana Akufo-Addo of the New Patriotic Party between January 2017 and January 2025, the ministry was combined with other portfolios to form the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration under Shirley Ayorkor Botchway. On 18 September 2025, the ministry awarded diplomatic passport to the following Ghanaians, Ibrahim Mahama, Wade Maya, Rocky Dawuni, Anita Erskine and Dentaa.
Bob Murawski
Bob Murawski (born June 14, 1964) is an American film editor. He was awarded the 2010 Academy Award for Best Film Editing for his work on The Hurt Locker, which he shared with his wife, fellow editor Chris Innis. He often works with film director Sam Raimi, having edited the Spider-Man trilogy, Oz the Great and Powerful, and Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness. Murawski is an elected member of the American Cinema Editors, and is (with Sage Stallone) the co-founder of Grindhouse Releasing, an acclaimed film distribution company specializing in re-releases of cult films.

Sam Raimi
Samuel Marshall Raimi (/ˈreɪmi/ RAY-mee; born October 23, 1959) is an American filmmaker. He is best known for writing and directing the Evil Dead trilogy (1981–1992) and directing the Spider-Man trilogy (2002–2007). He also directed Darkman (1990), The Quick and the Dead (1995), A Simple Plan (1998), The Gift (2000), Drag Me to Hell (2009), Oz the Great and Powerful (2013), Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness (2022), and Send Help (2026).

His films are known for their highly dynamic visual style, inspired by comic books and slapstick comedy. He founded the production companies Renaissance Pictures in 1979 and Ghost House Pictures in 2002. Raimi has also produced several successful television series, including Hercules: The Legendary Journeys (1995–1997), its spin-off Xena: Warrior Princess (1995–2001), and Ash vs Evil Dead (2015–2018) starring longtime friend and collaborator Bruce Campbell reprising his role in the Evil Dead franchise.
Adult animation in the United States
In the United States, before the enforcement of the Hays Code, some cartoon shorts contained humor that was aimed at adult audience members rather than children. Following the introduction of the Motion Picture Association of America film rating system, independent animation producers attempted to establish an alternative to mainstream animation. Initially, few animation studios in the United States attempted to produce animation for adult audiences, but later examples of animation produced for adults would gain mainstream attention and success. Some of the most prominent animations with these mature/adult themes include Aqua Teen Hunger Force, BoJack Horseman, South Park, Family Guy, Mission Hill, and Archer, along with other adult animated television series, feature films, and animation in other forms which helped the genre expand over the years, beyond animated sitcoms.

Adult animation
Adult animation is animation in the form of films and television series that is catered specifically to general interests and is mainly targeted and marketed towards teenagers, young adults, and mature audiences as opposed to children or all-ages audiences.
São Paulo Metro K stock
The São Paulo Metro K stock is a class of refurbished electric multiple units from C stock, originally built by Companhia Brasileira de Material Ferroviário, with fleet number from K01 to K25, complemented by L stock, with fleet number from L26 to L47.

K stock had tests in other line, but never operated out of Line 3-Red.

Line 3 (São Paulo Metro)
Line 3 (Red) (Portuguese: Linha 3–Vermelha) is one of the six lines that make up the São Paulo Metro and one of the thirteen lines that make up the Metropolitan Rail Transportation Network. It runs between Palmeiras-Barra Funda and Corinthians-Itaquera. It was formerly called the East-West Line. Line 3 is the busiest in the system.
Systematic Inventive Thinking (company)
SIT (Systematic Inventive Thinking) is an Israeli privately owned consulting company. The company uses its proprietary Systematic Inventive Thinking methodology to help organizations achieve their objectives through innovation.

The company was founded in Tel Aviv, Israel in 1995, it has offices/affiliates in the UK, Australia, Chile, China, and Colombia.

Systematic inventive thinking
Systematic inventive thinking (SIT) is a thinking method developed in Israel in the mid-1990s. Derived from Genrich Altshuller's TRIZ engineering discipline, SIT is a practical approach to creativity, innovation and problem solving, which has become a well known methodology for innovation.
At the heart of SIT's method is one core idea adopted from Genrich Altshuller's TRIZ which is also known as Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TIPS): that inventive solutions share common patterns. Focusing not on what makes inventive solutions different –  but on what they share in common –  is core to SIT's approach.
Alex Wagner (government official)
Alex Wagner is an American lawyer who served as the assistant secretary of the Air Force for manpower and reserve affairs from 2022 to 2025. He previously held roles in the Obama administration, including as chief of staff to Secretary of the Army, from 2015 to 2017, and in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, from 2009 to 2014.

Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Manpower & Reserve Affairs)
Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Manpower & Reserve Affairs) is the title of a civilian office in the United States Department of the Air Force. Along with the four other assistant secretaries of the air force, the assistant secretary of the air force (manpower & reserve affairs) assists the secretary and the under secretary of the air force.

By law, the assistant secretary of the air force (manpower & reserve affairs) is appointed by the president of the United States from civilian life with the advice and consent of the United States Senate." One of the assistant secretaries serves as assistant secretary of the air force (manpower & reserve affairs) and has "as his principal duty the overall supervision of manpower and reserve component affairs of the Department of the Air Force."
Morna (music)
The morna (pronunciation in both Portuguese and Cape Verdean Creole: [ˈmɔɾnɐ]) is a music and dance genre from Cape Verde. It was proclaimed Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO on December 11, 2019.

Lyrics are usually in Cape Verdean Creole, and instrumentation often includes cavaquinho, clarinet, accordion, violin, piano and guitar.

Morna is widely considered the national music of Cape Verde, as is the fado for Portugal, the tango for Argentina, the merengue for Dominican Republic, the rumba for Cuba, and so on.

The best internationally known morna singer was Cesária Évora. Morna and other genres of Cape Verdean music are also played in Cape Verdean migrant communities abroad, especially in New England in the US, Portugal, the Netherlands, France, West Africa and parts of Latin America.

Cape Verdean Creole
Cape Verdean Creole is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken on the islands of Cape Verde. It is the native creole language of virtually all Cape Verdeans and is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora.

The creole has particular importance for creolistics studies since it is the oldest living creole. It is the most widely spoken Portuguese-based creole language.
Cody Votolato
Cody Votolato (born 20 May 1982) is a musician from Redmond, Washington, best known for being the guitarist in the post-hardcore band The Blood Brothers. He grew up in the eastside suburbs of Seattle. Cody attended Redmond High School with his bandmates in the late 1990s when the band originally formed, graduating Spring of 2000.  His accomplished thrashy and discordant style, exhibited in early Blood Brothers albums and in Head Wound City, has evolved into a more melodic and experimental sound in recent years .  Votolato's older brother Rocky Votolato is a folk musician and solo artist who played in the band Waxwing with his brother, as well as with Rudy Gajadhar, the older brother of The Blood Brothers' drummer Mark Gajadhar.  Votolato also contributed artwork to The Blood Brothers' album ...Burn, Piano Island, Burn. On 4 September 2012, it was announced that Cody has joined Cold Cave as touring guitarist.

Rocky Votolato
Rocky Votolato (born March 8, 1977, in Dallas, Texas, United States) is an American indie and folk singer-songwriter. He was also a member of the rock group Waxwing. in 2025, he started a new band called Suzzallo with bandmate Rudy Gajadhar on drums and former Schoolyard Heroes guitarist Steve Bonnell playing bass. Votolato currently lives in Seattle, Washington.
HMS Bonetta (1907)
HMS Bonetta was a British torpedo boat destroyer which was later classified as part of the B class. The ship was built as a Private Venture, without a specific order, by the Jarrow shipbuilder Palmers and was launched in 1907. She was purchased for the British Royal Navy in 1909 and served through the First World War. Bonetta was sold for scrap in 1920.

Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company
Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company Limited, often referred to simply as "Palmers", was a British shipbuilding company. The company was based in Jarrow, County Durham, in north-eastern England, and had operations in Hebburn and Willington Quay on the River Tyne.
Sonny Seeza
Tyrone Taylor (born November 13, 1970), better known by his stage name Sonny Seeza, or previously as Suavé and Sonsee, is an American rapper, record producer, DJ and actor best known as a member of multi-platinum hardcore rap group Onyx.

Suave was discovered by Jam Master Jay of Run-D.M.C., who signed Onyx on his label JMJ Records. Onyx went on to release three top-selling albums and two commercially unsuccessful, before Sonny Seeza began his solo career. As a solo artist, Seeza released two albums, Tytanium and Bridges, and took part in recording various projects of other rap artists.

As a part of Onyx, Sonny Seeza released 5 albums and 20 singles, was nominated as "Rap/Hip-Hop New Artist" on American Music Awards of 1994 and won "Best Rap Album" on 1994 Soul Train Music Awards. During his career, Sonny Seeza has sold over 15 million albums and starred in two movies The Addiction and Ride.

Jam Master Jay
Jason William Mizell (January 21, 1965 – October 30, 2002), better known by his stage name Jam Master Jay, was an American musician, record producer and DJ. He was the DJ of the influential hip hop group Run-DMC. During the 1980s, Run-DMC became one of the biggest hip hop groups, credited with breaking hip hop into mainstream music.  Mizell was murdered in his Queens recording studio in 2002 and his case was left unsolved until February 2024, when two men named Ronald Washington and his godson Karl Jordan Jr., were convicted for the 2002 drug-related murder, with a third man, Jay Bryant, facing a separate trial in 2026.
Wolfgang Huber
Wolfgang Huber (born 12 August 1942 in Strasbourg, Germany) is a prominent German theologian and ethicist. Huber served as bishop of the Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia until November 2009. Huber succeeded Manfred Kock as Chairperson of the Council of the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD) in November 2003  and was succeeded by Bishop Margot Käßmann, the first woman in that position, in October 2009.

Margot Käßmann
Margot Käßmann (German: [ˈmaʁɡɔt ˈkɛːsman]; born 3 June 1958) is a Lutheran theologian, who was Landesbischöfin (bishop) of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church of Hanover in Germany. On 28 October 2009, she was also elected to lead the Protestant Church in Germany, a federation of Protestant church bodies in Germany. She stepped down from both offices on 24 February 2010 following a drink-driving incident. After serving as a "Reformation Ambassador" for the 500th anniversary of the Reformation, she retired in 2018.
Agroecology in Latin America
Agroecology is an applied science that involves the adaptation of ecological concepts to the structure, performance, and management of sustainable agroecosystems. In Latin America, agroecological practices have a long history and vary between regions but share three main approaches or levels: plot scale, farm scale, and food system scale. Agroecology in Latin American countries can be used as a tool for providing both ecological, economic, and social benefits to the communities that practice it, as well as maintaining high biodiversity and providing refuges for flora and fauna in these countries. Due to its broad scope and versatility, it is often referred to as "a science, a movement, a practice."

Agroecology
Agroecology is an academic discipline that studies ecological processes applied to agricultural production systems. Bringing ecological principles to bear can suggest new management approaches in agroecosystems. The term can refer to a science, a movement, or an agricultural practice. Agroecologists study a variety of agroecosystems. The field of agroecology is not associated with any one particular method of farming, whether it be organic, regenerative, integrated, or industrial, intensive or extensive, although some use the name specifically for alternative agriculture.
Neighborhoods of New Haven, Connecticut
The city of New Haven, Connecticut has many distinct neighborhoods. In addition to Downtown, centered on the central business district and the Green, are the following neighborhoods: the west central neighborhoods of Dixwell and Dwight; the southern neighborhoods of The Hill, historic water-front City Point (or Oyster Point), and the harborside district of Long Wharf; the western neighborhoods of Edgewood, West River, Westville, Amity, and West Rock; East Rock, Cedar Hill, Prospect Hill, and Newhallville in the northern side of town; the east central neighborhoods of Mill River and Wooster Square, an Italian-American neighborhood; Fair Haven, an immigrant community located between the Mill and Quinnipiac rivers; Quinnipiac Meadows and Fair Haven Heights across the Quinnipiac River; and facing the eastern side of the harbor, The Annex and East Shore (or Morris Cove).

East Shore, New Haven
41°16′12″N 72°53′42″W﻿ / ﻿41.270°N 72.895°W﻿ / 41.270; -72.895

East Shore is a neighborhood in the city of New Haven, Connecticut. The East Shore contains the Morris Cove Historic District. Its name is derived from its geographic location on the east side of New Haven Harbor. It is bordered on the north by Upson Terrace and The Annex neighborhood, on the east by the town of East Haven, on the west and south by Long Island Sound. The area contains several city parks, most notably Lighthouse Point Park (the main public beach of New Haven), East Shore Park, and Nathan Hale Park. Tweed-New Haven Airport is also located partly in the area. East Shore was originally part of the town of East Haven before being annexed by New Haven. The main thoroughfares of the neighborhood are Townsend Avenue (Route 337) and Woodward Avenue.
1991 Men's World Open Squash Championship
The 1991 PSA Men's World Open Squash Championship is the men's edition of the 1991 World Open, which serves as the individual world championship for squash players. The event took place in Adelaide in Australia from 30 July to 4 August 1991. Rodney Martin won his first World Open title, defeating Jahangir Khan in the final.

World Squash Championships
The World Squash Championships are squash events, which since the early 1990s have been held annually for both men and women organised by the Professional Squash Association. The men's event was first held in 1976 in London, England and the women's was inaugurated in 1976 in Brisbane, Australia.
TFI-5
TFI-5 in computer networking is a standardized TDM Fabric to Framer Interface by the Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF) that allow both framer components and switch components from multiple vendors to inter-operate facilitating the development of add/drop multiplexers, TDM cross connect and grooming switches. The TFI-5 standard includes link integrity monitoring, connection management and mapping mechanisms for both SONET/SDH and non-SONET/SDH clients such as Ethernet and Fibre Channel.

The main application of TFI-5 is for Time-division multiplexing (TDM). This contrast with other OFI standards such SPI-5 which target packet/cell applications.

OFI level 5 standards that covered interfaces of 40 Gbit/s.

Time-division multiplexing
Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting and receiving independent signals over a common signal path by means of synchronized switches at each end of the transmission line so that each signal appears on the line only a fraction of time according to agreed rules, e.g. with each transmitter working in turn. It can be used when the bit rate of the transmission medium exceeds that of the signal to be transmitted. This form of signal multiplexing was developed in telecommunications for telegraphy systems in the late 19th century but found its most common application in digital telephony in the second half of the 20th century.
Julián del Casal
José Julián Herculano del Casal y de la Lastra (7 November 1863 – 21 October 1893) was a poet from Havana, Cuba. He started his writing career at a young age and later in life was known as an important forebear of modernistic expression in Latin America.

He took his influence from the French poetic styles of the day and later, Rubén Darío and Modernismo.

Rubén Darío
Félix Rubén García Sarmiento (18 January 1867 – 6 February 1916), known as Rubén Darío (US: /dɑːˈriːoʊ/ dah-REE-oh, Spanish: [ruˈβen daˈɾi.o]), was a Nicaraguan poet who initiated the Spanish-language literary movement known as modernismo (modernism) that flourished at the end of the 19th century. Darío had a great and lasting influence on 20th-century Spanish-language literature and journalism.
Trophée des Champions (basketball, Senegal)
The Trophée des Champions is an annual basketball game in Senegal for men's and women's teams. The men's game consists out of one game which is played in the beginning of the season, between the champions of the Nationale Macsulin 1 (NM1) and the winners of the Saint Michel Cup. It is equivalent to super cup games in other countries.

Nationale 1 Masculin
The Nationale 1 Masculin (abbreviated as NM1; in English: National 1 Men) is the highest professional basketball league in Senegal. Established in 1971, the league consists of 16 teams.

Each season is finished with a final in a single-game elimination format, held at the Marius Ndiaye Stadium in Dakar. AS Douanes is the most successful team in NM1 history with 11 won titles.

The champions of the NM1 qualify directly for the regular season of the Basketball Africa League (BAL), the premiere continental league. The bottom two teams are relegated to the second division Nationale 2.
Davis Payne
Davis Payne (born September 24, 1970) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey winger who played in the National Hockey League for the Boston Bruins, and is the former head coach of the St. Louis Blues. He was an assistant coach with the Los Angeles Kings, but was fired on April 11, 2017. He was an associate coach under D. J. Smith with the Ottawa Senators. He currently serves as an assistant coach for the Winnipeg Jets.

D. J. Smith (ice hockey)
Denis Joseph Smith (born May 13, 1977) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman and current assistant coach of the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League (NHL). He previously served as head coach of the Ottawa Senators for five seasons from 2019 to 2023. As a player, Smith played 45 NHL games with both the Toronto Maple Leafs and Colorado Avalanche. As a coach, Smith won the Memorial Cup in 2015 and spent four years as an assistant with the Maple Leafs before joining Ottawa.