hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Ilorin
The Battle of Ilorin, sometimes called the Eleduwe War, occurred during the 1830s as part of the Yoruba Wars. The Ilorin Emirate's decisive victory over the invading Oyo Empire, and the death of the Alaafin Oluewu, marked the final collapse of the Oyo state.

Oyo Empire
The Oyo Empire was a Yoruba empire in West Africa. It was located in present-day western Nigeria (including the South West zone, Benin Republic, and the western half of the North Central zone). The empire grew to become the largest Yoruba-speaking state through the organizational and administrative efforts of the Yoruba people, trade, as well as the military use of cavalry. The Oyo Empire was one of the most politically important states in Western Africa from the late-16th to the early 18th century and held sway not only over most of the other kingdoms in Yorubaland, but also over nearby African states, notably the Fon Kingdom of Dahomey in the modern Republic of Benin on its west.
Battle of Barbourville
The Battle of Barbourville was one of the early engagements of the American Civil War. It took place on September 19, 1861, in Knox County, Kentucky during the campaign known as the Kentucky Confederate Offensive. The battle is considered the first Confederate victory in the commonwealth, and threw a scare into Federal commanders, who rushed troops to central Kentucky to try to repel the invasion, which was finally stopped at the Battle of Camp Wildcat in October.

Battle of Camp Wildcat
The Battle of Camp Wildcat (also known as Wildcat Mountain and Camp Wild Cat) was one of the early engagements of the American Civil War (Civil War). It occurred October 21, 1861, in northern Laurel County, Kentucky during the campaign known as the Kentucky Confederate Offensive or Operations in Eastern Kentucky (1861). The battle is considered one of the first Union victories of the Civil War, and marked the second engagement of troops in the Commonwealth of Kentucky.
Cadmium zinc telluride
Cadmium zinc telluride, (CdZnTe) or CZT, is a compound of cadmium, zinc and tellurium or, more strictly speaking, an alloy of cadmium telluride and zinc telluride. A  direct bandgap semiconductor, it is used in a variety of applications, including semiconductor radiation detectors, photorefractive gratings, electro-optic modulators, solar cells, and terahertz generation and detection.

Zinc telluride
Zinc telluride is a binary chemical compound with the formula ZnTe. This solid is a semiconductor material with a direct band gap of 2.26 eV. It is usually a p-type semiconductor. Its crystal structure is cubic, like that for sphalerite and diamond.
Lil' Devil Coaster
Lil' Devil Coaster (formerly Road Runner Railway) is a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson Township, New Jersey. The ride opened in 1999 as Road Runner Railway, but was reintroduced as Lil’ Devil Coaster in 2021. It was manufactured by Zamperla of Italy and is a small, kiddie coaster located in the Jr. Thrill Seekers section of the park. It is themed to the Jersey Devil to fit in with the nearby Jersey Devil Coaster.

Jersey Devil Coaster
The Jersey Devil Coaster is a single-rail roller coaster located at Six Flags Great Adventure in Jackson Township, New Jersey. The roller coaster was built by Rocky Mountain Construction (RMC).  It is themed to the Jersey Devil, a mythical creature rumored to live in the New Jersey Pine Barrens. The roller coaster is 3,000 feet (910 m) long and contains a 130-foot (40 m)-tall lift hill and three inversions. The Jersey Devil Coaster uses four trains, each containing 12 seats, which achieve a maximum speed of 58 miles per hour (93 km/h).

Announced in 2019, the ride was originally scheduled for completion in 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, it was delayed by one year, opening to the public on June 13, 2021.
Lentigo
A lentigo (/lɛnˈtaɪɡoʊ/; plural lentigines, /lɛnˈtɪdʒɪniːz/) is a small pigmented spot on the skin with a clearly defined edge, surrounded by normal-appearing skin. It is a harmless (benign) hyperplasia of melanocytes which is linear in its spread. This means the hyperplasia of melanocytes is restricted to the cell layer directly above the basement membrane of the epidermis where melanocytes normally reside. This is in contrast to the "nests" of multi-layer melanocytes found in moles (melanocytic nevi). Because of this characteristic feature, the adjective lentiginous is used to describe other skin lesions that similarly proliferate linearly within the basal cell layer.

Nevus
Nevus (pl. nevi) is a nonspecific medical term for a visible, circumscribed, chronic lesion of the skin or mucosa. The term originates from naevus, which is Latin for "birthmark"; however, a nevus can be either congenital (present at birth) or acquired. Common terms (mole, birthmark, beauty mark, etc.) are used to describe nevi, but these terms do not distinguish specific types of nevi from one another.
Kayan people (Borneo)
Being an indigenous people in Borneo, the Kayan people are similar to their neighbours, the Kenyah people, with which they are grouped together with the Bahau people under the Apo Kayan people group. The Kayan people are categorised as a part of the Dayak people. They are distinct from, and not to be confused with, the Kayan people of Myanmar.

The population of the Kayan ethnic group may be around 200,000. They are part of a larger grouping of people referred collectively as the Orang Ulu, or upriver people. Like some other Dayak people, they are known for being fierce warriors, former headhunters, adept in upland rice cultivation, and having extensive tattoos and stretched earlobes amongst both sexes.

Dayak people
The Dayak (/ˈdaɪ.ək/ ⓘ; older spelling: Dajak), Dyak, Dayuh or Dayaknese, are the Austronesian ethnic groups native of Borneo. It is a loose term for over 200 riverine and hill-dwelling ethnic groups, located principally in the central and southern interior of Borneo, each with its own dialect, customs, laws, territory, and culture, although common distinguishing traits are readily identifiable. The Dayak were animist (Kaharingan and Folk Hindus) in belief; however, since the 19th century there has been mass conversion to Christianity and to Islam.
German submarine U-2335
German submarine U-2335 was a Type XXIII U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 20 September 1943, and was laid down on 20 July 1944 at Deutsche Werft, Hamburg, as yard number 489. She was launched on 31 August 1944 and commissioned under the command of Leutnant zur See Karl-Dietrich Benthin on 27 September 1944.

Type XXIII submarine
German Type XXIII submarines were the first so-called elektroboote ("electric boats") to become operational. They were small coastal submarines designed to operate in the shallow waters of the North Sea, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea, where larger Type XXI electric boats were at risk in World War II. They were so small they could carry only two torpedoes, which had to be loaded externally. As with their far larger sisters—the Type XXI—they were able to remain submerged almost all of the time and were faster than conventional U-boats, due to the improved streamlining of their shape, batteries with larger capacity and the snorkel, which allowed the diesel engines to be used while submerged. The Type XXI and XXIII U-boats revolutionized post-war submarine design. Nearly a thousand Type XXIII boats were projected towards the close of World War II, but most of these were either cancelled, scrapped incomplete, or only projected.
Racial nationalism
Racial nationalism is an ideology that advocates a racial definition of national identity. Racial nationalism seeks to preserve "racial purity" of a nation through policies such as banning race mixing and the immigration of other races. To create a justification for such policies, racial nationalism often promotes eugenics, and advocates political and legislative solutions based on eugenic and other racial theories.

Nationalism in Northeast Asia (China, Korea and Japan) is partly related to 'racial nationalism' (民族主義), it was influenced by the German ethnonationalist tradition (Völkisch movement and Blood and soil) of the 19th century, which was imported from Japan during the Meiji period. This kind of nationalism is related to the term 民族 similar to the German word Volk.

Volk
The German noun Volk (German pronunciation: [fɔlk]) translates to people, 
both uncountable in the sense of  people as in a crowd, and countable (plural Völker) in the sense of a people as in an  ethnic group or nation (compare the English term folk).

Within an English-language context, the German word is of interest primarily for its use in German philosophy, as in Volksseele ("national soul"), and in German nationalism – notably the derived adjective völkisch ("national, ethnic").
Acción Galega
Acción Galega (Galician Action in English language) is a Galician political organization led by former the former member of the PP Rafael Cuíña, former Galician autonomic Minister Teresa Táboas and the former senator of the Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) Xosé Manuel Perez Bouza. The party was founded in 2012 through the union of several parties of centrist and moderate Galician nationalist ideology: the Partido Galeguista Demócrata, the Galician Nationalist Party-Galicianist Party, Terra Galega and Galician Coalition.

Since its creation it is one of the founding organizations of Compromiso por Galicia (CxG). Terra Galega abandoned the organization in November 2012.

Terra Galega
Terra Galega (TeGa, in English: Galician Land) is a coalition of centrist and Galician nationalist political parties; it was established on November 4, 2005; but the name has been registered since May 2005.
Agenor Girardi
Agenor Girardi, M.S.C. (2 February 1952 – 8 February 2018) was a Roman Catholic bishop.

Girardi was ordained to the priesthood in 1982 in the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart. He served as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Porto Alegre, Brazil from 2011 to 2015. He then served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of União da Vitória, Brazil from 2015 until his death.

Missionaries of the Sacred Heart
The Missionaries of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (MSC; Latin: Missionarii Sacratissimi Cordis; French: Missionnaires du Sacré-Coeur) are a missionary congregation in the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1854 by Jules Chevalier at Issoudun, France, in the Diocese of Bourges.

The motto of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart is: May the Sacred Heart of Jesus be loved everywhere! The priests, deacons and brothers of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart are known as MSCs (from the Latin, Missionarii Sacratissimi Cordis). The international headquarters is in Rome with numerous communities throughout the world.
Ratan Dewasi Desai
Ratan Dewasi Desai (born 25 September 1975) is an Indian politician. He is a member of All India Congress Committee and state spokesperson of Rajasthan State Congress.
 He has been an MLA from Raniwara constituency in the Rajasthan Assembly elections, 2008  and Deputy Chief Whip (Minister of State) in the Ashok Gehlot government.

He was elected MLA from Raniwara constituency in the 2008 assembly elections and since 2011 has been the government deputy chief whip in the then Ashok Gehlot government.
At present, he is a popular, active and powerful leader of the Congress party in Jalore and Sirohi districts of western Rajasthan.

Ashok Gehlot
Ashok Gehlot (born 3 May 1951) is an Indian politician who served as the Chief Minister of Rajasthan from 1998 to December 2003, then again from 2008 to December 2013, and later from 2018 to December 2023. He represents Sardarpura constituency of Jodhpur as Member of Legislative Assembly of Rajasthan since 1998. He was a Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha from Jodhpur from 1991 to 1998 and from 1980 to 1989 and Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Textile from 1991 to 1993, Tourism and Civil Aviation from 1984 to 1984 and Deputy Union minister for Sports from 1984 to 1984. He was also a national General secretary of Congress Party, in-charge of organisations and training from March 2018 to 23 January 2019. He was also made in-charge of Gujarat state in 2017 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election.
Capital City Green
Capital City Green was the branding of the bus service 27 Cardiff, operated by Cardiff Bus. The route ran from the city centre to the north of the city, serving the Maindy, Mynachdy, Birchgrove, Heath, Llanishen and Thornhill districts.

The service formed part of the wider Cardiff Bus network and was one of three services initially introduced on the network, to have a unique branding, along with Baycar and Capital City Red.

The upgraded service was introduced in 2007 when Cardiff Bus deployed on the route six out of 15 new Scania OmniCity vehicles which it had purchased at a cost of £2.5 million.

Baycar
Baycar (also styled as baycar) is a bus service in Cardiff, connecting the city centre and Cardiff Bay.

The service forms part of the wider Cardiff Bus network. The baycar used to be themed with its own branded vehicles, bus shelters and boards.
William Everingham
Christianity portal

William Everingham (1856 - 14 September 1919) was Archdeacon of Suffolk from  1917 until his death

He studied for the priesthood at Lincoln Theological College and was ordained Deacon in 1879; and Priest in 1880. After a curacy in Diss he served as a Chaplain to the Forces in Singapore, Hong Kong and Malacca. He was Missioner of the Diocese of Salisbury from 1890 to 1900; and Chaplain to the Bishop of Bristol from 1900 until 1904 when he became that diocese's Missioner, a post he held until his appointment as Archdeacon.

He died on 14 September 1919; and his wife Clara in 1932.

Archdeacon of Suffolk
The Archdeacon of Suffolk is a senior cleric in the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich.

The archdeacon is responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy in the territory of the archdeaconry.
Darkforest
Darkforest is a computer go program developed by Meta Platforms, based on deep learning techniques using a convolutional neural network. Its updated version Darkfores2 combines the techniques of its predecessor with Monte Carlo tree search. The MCTS effectively takes tree search methods commonly seen in computer chess programs and randomizes them. With the update, the system is known as Darkfmcts3.

Darkforest is of similar strength to programs like CrazyStone and Zen. It has been tested against a professional human player at the 2016 UEC cup. Google's AlphaGo program won against a professional player in October 2015 using a similar combination of techniques.

Darkforest is named after Liu Cixin's science fiction novel The Dark Forest.

Crazy Stone (software)
Crazy Stone (Champion Go on iOS and Android platforms) is a Go playing engine, developed by Rémi Coulom, a French computer scientist. It is one of the first computer Go programs to utilize a modern variant of the Monte Carlo tree search. It is part of the Computer Go effort. In January 2012 Crazy Stone was rated as 5 dan on KGS, in March 2014 as 6 dan.
2020 North Carolina House of Representatives election
An election was held on November 3, 2020 to elect all 120 members to North Carolina's House of Representatives. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including the Presidency, U.S Senate, Governor, U.S. House of Representatives, and state senate. The primary election was held on March 3, 2020 with a run-off on June 23, 2020.

2020 North Carolina gubernatorial election
The 2020 North Carolina gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 2020, to elect the governor of North Carolina, concurrently with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as elections to one-third of the United States Senate and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Democratic incumbent Roy Cooper was elected to a second term, defeating Republican lieutenant governor Dan Forest. Cooper became the first North Carolina governor to win re-election since Mike Easley in 2004. He also outperformed other Democrats on the ballot and was the only Democrat to win a gubernatorial race in a state carried by Donald Trump in 2020. With a margin of 4.51%, this election was the second closest of the 2020 gubernatorial election cycle after Puerto Rico and the closest in a U.S. state.
'Monsewer' Eddie Gray
Edward Earl Gray (10 June 1898 – 15 September 1969), who performed as 'Monsewer' Eddie Gray, was an English stage comedian. He appeared in music halls as a solo act and also as a member of the Crazy Gang.

Gray was apprenticed to a juggler at the age of nine and became a technically proficient straight juggler. He gradually introduced a wry humour into his act, and was invited to appear with the comic double act Nervo and Knox in 1919. The three performers formed the original basis of the group of seven comedians who became famous under the collective name the Crazy Gang in the 1930s.

When the Crazy Gang re-formed after the Second World War, Gray did not rejoin them. He pursued a solo career until 1956 when he once more became a regular member of the group for their last three shows, ending in 1962. After the disbanding of the Crazy Gang, Gray continued to work. Among his later appearances was that in the London production of A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum in 1962.

Nervo and Knox
Jimmy Nervo (born James Henry Holloway; 2 January 1897 – 5 December 1975) and Teddy Knox (born Albert Edward Cromwell Knox; 12 July 1896 – 1 December 1974) were English comedians who formed a double act and were part of the original Crazy Gang comedy group.
Chloroxynil
Chloroxynil is a postemergent benzonitrile herbicide, used to control broad leaved weeds on cereal crops. It was manufactured by Rhone-Poulenc and May & Baker, and is now considered obsolete, though its usage may continue.

Chloroxynil was developed as a variant of bromoxynil, which is identical except for bromines replacing chloroxynil's chlorines. A 1972 study found chloroxynil less injurious to alfalfa and red clover, but also less potent at controlling broadleaf weeds.

Chloroxynil's MoA inhibits electron transfer in the photosystem II receptor. Its HRAC group is Group C, (Australia) C3 (global) or 6 (numeric).

Bromoxynil
Bromoxynil is an organic compound with the formula HOBr2C6H2CN.  It is classified as a nitrile herbicide, and as such sold under many trade names.  It is a white solid.  It works by inhibiting photosynthesis. It is moderately toxic to mammals.

It is used in Australia, New Zealand, and the USA, which used 614,000 lbs of it in 1974.
Orchideae
Orchideae is a tribe of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. Historically, it was divided into 2 subtribes, Orchidinae and Habenariinae. The subtribe Orchidinae alone contains about 1,800 species. However, although some phylogenetic studies have established the monophyly of the subtribes, the generic boundaries are unclear, with many genera as traditionally circumscribed being paraphyletic or even polyphyletic. Species of genera such as Habenaria and Platanthera have been placed into both subtribes. A 2017 molecular phylogenetic study found that both subtribes did form clades, but did not formally recognize Habenariinae, because of missing genera and uncertainty over generic boundaries. The Asian species of Orchideae, in particular, have been subject to repeated changes of generic placement from 2012 onwards.

As of 2017, Orchideae is divided into 6 subtribes: Brownleeinae, Pachitinae, Huttonaeinae, Orchidinae, Coryciinae, and Disinae.

Huttonaea
Huttonaea is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It contains 5 known species, all native to southern Africa (South Africa and Lesotho). This genus was named in honour of Caroline Hutton née Atherstone.
Lakhbinder Singh Lidder
Brigadier Lakhbinder Singh 'Tony' Lidder SM VSM (26 June 1969 – 8 December 2021) was an Indian Army officer. He was the Defence Assistant to the Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of the Indian Armed Forces General Bipin Rawat. He died in the 2021 Indian Air Force Mil Mi-17 crash along with the CDS and his wife, and 11 officers and defence personnel from the Indian Army and Indian Air Force.

Vishisht Seva Medal
The Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM, lit. 'Distinguished Service Medal') is a decoration of the Indian Armed Forces. It is awarded to recognize "distinguished service of a high order" to all ranks of the Indian Armed Forces.

From 1980, the Yudh Seva Medal was introduced to recognize exceptional services in an operational environment. Since then the VSM has been restricted to non-operational service.
Gainsari Assembly constituency
Gainsari is a constituency of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly covering the city of Gainsari in the Balrampur district of Uttar Pradesh, India.

Gainsari is one of five assembly constituencies in the Shravasti Lok Sabha constituency. Since 2008, this assembly constituency is numbered 292 amongst 403 constituencies.

Currently this seat belongs to Samajwadi Party candidate Shiv Pratap Yadav who won in last Assembly election of 2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Elections defeating Bhartiya Janata Party candidate Shailesh Kumar Singh by a margin of 5,837 votes.

Balrampur district, Uttar Pradesh
Balrampur district is one of the districts of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and is a part of Devipatan division as well as the historic Awadh regions. It has been cut from the adjacent district Gonda in 1997. Located on the banks of the West Rapti River. Balrampur is known for the temple of Pateshwari Devi, a Shakti Pitha, and for the ruins of the nearby ancient city of Sravasti, now a pilgrimage site for Buddhists and Jains. The nearest airport is Shravasti airport 23.3 kilometres (14.5 mi) from the town but it is not an international and regular airport; the nearest international and regular airport is Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport in Lucknow, 235 kilometres (146 mi) away. Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh and is 220 kilometres (140 mi) from Balrampur district headquarters.
Aline Fruhauf
Aline Fruhauf  (1907–1978) was an American caricaturist and painter known for her various mixed-media caricatures of musicians, the Supreme Court justices, and artists such as Stuart Davis, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, Max Weber, and Raphael Soyer, among others.

Stuart Davis (painter)
Edward Stuart Davis (December 7, 1892 – June 24, 1964) was an American modernist painter. He was associated with early twentieth-century American modernism, including the Ashcan School, and later developed a style characterized by bold color, jazz references, and urban subject matter. In the 1930s, Davis became politically active and participated in federally sponsored art programs during the Great Depression.
Koson, Uzbekistan
Koson is a city and the administrative center of Koson District in the Kashkadarya Region of Uzbekistan. It is located in a historical region known as Sogdiana, which was part of the ancient Silk Road trade route. The city had a population of 59,300 residents as of 2005. Koson was granted city status in 1972, prior to that, it was a village (kishlak). The city is home to a railway station of the same name on the Karshi-Bukhara railway line.

Qarshi
Qarshi (/kɑːrˈʃiː/ kar-SHEE; Uzbek: [qarˈʃɨ]) is a city in southern Uzbekistan. It is the capital of Qashqadaryo Region. Administratively, Qarshi is a district-level city, that includes the urban-type settlement Qashqadaryo. It has a population of 278,300 (2021 estimate). It is about 520 km south-southwest of Tashkent, and about 335 km north of Uzbekistan's border with Afghanistan. It is located at latitude 38° 51' 48N; longitude 65° 47' 52E at an altitude of 374 meters. The city is important in natural gas production, but Qarshi is also famous for its production of woven flat carpets.