hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prabhat Nalini Das
Prabhat Nalini Das (19 December 1927 – 14 November 2018) was an Indian public intellectual, academic and university president. She served as a professor of English and head of the English Department at Lady Shri Ram College, Delhi University; Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur; Utkal University and Ranchi University. She was the first Director/Dean of the Humanities Division at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur; Founder-Professor and Head of the Department of English at Utkal University for almost 19 years, and Chairman of Utkal University's Post Graduate Council; and the Pro-Vice-Chancellor of North Eastern Hill University, a Central University established by an act of the Parliament of India, with independent charge of its Kohima, Nagaland campus.

IIT Kanpur
The Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur or IITK) is a public institute of technology located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. As an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), it was declared an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India under the Institutes of Technology Act. As of January 2025, at least 18 Padma Shri, 4 Padma Bhushan, 1 Padma Vibhushan, and 33 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recipients have been affiliated with IIT Kanpur as alumni or faculty members.
ELA-4
ELA-4 (French: Ensemble de Lancement Ariane 4, lit. 'Ariane Launch Complex 4') is a launch complex at the Guiana Space Centre in French Guiana supporting launches of the Ariane 6 program. ELA-4 is located along the Route de l'Espace in the Roche Christine site, between the ELA-3 and ELS launch facilities. The complex is composed of a launch pad with mobile gantry, an horizontal assembly building and a dedicated launch operations building.

Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz
Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz (ELS, lit. 'Soyuz Launch Complex') is a launch complex at the Guiana Space Centre in French Guiana. Currently inactive due to the Russo-Ukraine War, the complex was first used in October 2011 in support of the Soyuz-ST rocket and the Soyuz at the Guiana Space Centre programme.
Back Home in Sulphur Springs (Norman and Nancy Blake album)
Back Home in Sulphur Springs is an album by Americana and folk musicians Norman Blake and Nancy Blake, released in 2006. It is not the same title as Norman Blake's 1972 debut album. Rounder Records incorrectly titled the reissue of Home in Sulphur Springs the same as this release. The album was reissued again by Plectrafone Records.

Home in Sulphur Springs
Home in Sulphur Springs is the debut album of American guitarist Norman Blake, released in 1972. The album was reissued by Rounder Records with the title incorrectly printed as Back Home in Sulphur Springs.
2018–19 Greek Basket League
The 2018–19 Greek betshop.gr Basket League was the 79th season of the Greek Basket League, the top-tier level professional club basketball league in Greece. The season started on 7 October 2018, and ended on 15 June 2019. Panathinaikos OPAP won the Greek Basket League championship for a record 37th time, after beating Promitheas Patras 3–0 in the Finals.

The season infamously featured a major feud between traditional rivals Panathinaikos and Olympiacos over refereeing decisions in the 2019 Greek Cup semifinals game between the two teams, which eventually culminated in Olympiacos also forfeiting their playoffs. Finally, Olympiacos withdrew from the championship.

Forfeit (sport)
In various sports, a forfeit is a method in which a match automatically ends, and the forfeiting team loses.

There are two distinct forms of forfeiture. One occurs when a team is unable (or refuses) to meet the basic standards for playing the game, either before the game begins or as a result of actions that happen during the match. In such a case, the team not forfeiting wins the match. Another is punitive forfeiture, in which a team has been found to have broken the rules of a sanctioning body during a match they have won and must have the results stricken from the record; whether or not the other team receives a win in such a case depends on the rules of that body and/or whether or not they were in 
compliance with the rules - if neither team was in compliance with the rules and/or the rules do not allow a losing team to be credited for a win in such a manner then the result is either a double forfeit and/or otherwise recorded as a loss for both teams.
The Midnight Snack
The Midnight Snack is a Tom and Jerry cartoon released on July 19, 1941. It is the second of the Tom and Jerry films, returning to the basic premise of the previous film, Puss Gets the Boot, following that cartoon's Academy Awards nomination.

This cartoon features the second appearance of Tom and Jerry, and is the first in which the characters are given their familiar names; in the first cartoon, Puss Gets the Boot has the cat named Jasper, and the mouse named Jinx.

Jerry Mouse
Gerald Jinx Mouse, known simply as Jerry, is an American character and one of the two titular characters in Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's series of Tom and Jerry theatrical animated short films and other animated media, usually acting as the protagonist opposite his rival Tom Cat. Created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, Jerry is an anthropomorphic (but usually silent) brown house mouse, who first appeared in the 1940 MGM animated short Puss Gets the Boot.

The character was not referred to by name in his debut cartoon; Hanna said that the mouse's original name as "Jinx", while Barbera claimed the mouse went unnamed in his first appearance. A 1940 article from MGM's Short Story magazine, however, would refer to the character as "Pee-Wee".
TRIANGLE disease
TRIANGLE disease is a rare genetic disorder of the immune system. TRIANGLE stands for "TPPII-related immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and neurodevelopmental delay with impaired glycolysis and lysosomal expansion" where TPP2 is the causative gene. This disease manifests as recurrent infection, autoimmunity, and neurodevelopmental delay. TRIANGLE disease was first described in a collaborative study by Dr. Helen C. Su from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, and Dr. Sophie Hambleton from the University of Newcastle and their collaborators in 2014. The disease was also described by the group of Ehl et al.

Autoimmunity
In immunology, autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells, tissues and other normal body constituents. Any disease resulting from this type of immune response is termed an "autoimmune disease". Prominent examples include celiac disease, diabetes mellitus type 1, Henoch–Schönlein purpura, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Graves' disease, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Addison's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and multiple sclerosis. Autoimmune diseases are very often treated with steroids.

Autoimmunity means presence of antibodies or T cells that react with self-protein and is present in all individuals, even in normal health state. It causes autoimmune diseases if self-reactivity can lead to tissue damage.
Italo Dell'Oro
Italo Dell’Oro, C.R.S. (born June 20, 1953) is an Italian-born prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who has been serving as auxiliary bishop for the Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston in Texas since 2021.

Somaschi Fathers
The Somaschi Fathers, also known as the Somascans and officially as the Order of Clerics Regular of Somasca (Latin: Ordo Clericorum Regularium a Somascha), are a Catholic order of Clerics Regular of Pontifical Right for men. It was founded in Italy in the 16th century by Jerome Emiliani and named after the motherhouse at Somasca.

As of 2024, 517 Somascans served around the world. They provide staff for boys' homes, serve in 95 parishes, and engage in other ministries.
Food for the Soul
Food for the Soul (日々は過ぎれど飯うまし, Hibi wa Sugiredo Meshi Umashi; lit. "Days Go By But Food Is Delicious") is an original Japanese anime television series created by Atto, the author of Non Non Biyori, produced by Aniplex and animated by P.A. Works. It aired from April to June 2025. A manga adaptation illustrated by Quro began serialization on Media Factory's Comic Alive+ manga website in March 2025.

P.A. Works
P.A. Works, Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社ピーエーワークス, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Pī Ē Wākusu; short for Progressive Animation Works) is a Japanese animation studio founded on November 10, 2000, in Nanto, Toyama. The company's founder and president Kenji Horikawa once worked for Tatsunoko Production, Production I.G, and Bee Train Production, before forming P.A. Works Corporation. The studio changed its name to P.A. Works in 2002. The main office is located in Toyama Prefecture, where drawings and digital photography take place, and production and direction in the studio. The company is also involved with video games, as well as collaborating in the past with Production I.G and Bee Train for anime. In January 2008, P.A. Works produced True Tears, their first anime series as the main animation studio involved in the production process. On April 20, 2018, P.A. Works announced a new e-book label named P.A. Books, with the first release being a novel adaptation of their first anime, True Tears.
Salt metathesis reaction
A salt metathesis reaction (also called a double displacement reaction, double replacement reaction, or double decomposition) is a type of chemical reaction in which two ionic compounds in aqueous solution exchange their component ions to form two new compounds. Often, one of these new compounds is a precipitate, gas, or weak electrolyte, driving the reaction forward.

AB + CD -> AD + CB

In older literature, the term double decomposition is common. The term double decomposition is more specifically used when at least one of the substances does not dissolve in the solvent, as the ligand or ion exchange takes place in the solid state of the reactant. For example:

AX(aq) + BY(s) → AY(aq) + BX(s).

Precipitation (chemistry)
In an aqueous solution, precipitation is the "sedimentation of a solid material (a precipitate) from a liquid solution". The solid formed is called the precipitate. In case of an inorganic chemical reaction leading to precipitation, the chemical reagent causing the solid to form is called the precipitant.

The liquid remaining above the precipitated or the centrifuged solid phase is also called the supernate or supernatant.
2017 Island Games
The XVII Island Games (also known as the 2017 NatWest Island Games for sponsorship reasons) were held in Gotland, Sweden, from 24 to 30 June 2017. This was the second time that the island hosted the Games, the first being in 1999.

Island Games
The Island Games are biennial international multi-sports events organised by the International Island Games Association (IIGA). Competitor teams each represent different island communities (with one team from the peninsula of Gibraltar) which are IIGA members. Currently, all competitor teams represent non-sovereign territories of European nations—some within European waters and some further overseas.

The games are being hosted by the Faroe Islands in 2027. The previous edition was the 2025, which took place in Orkney with around 2,200 competitors from 24 islands or island groups participating in 14 sports.
Midwood Books
Midwood Books was an American publishing house active from 1957 to 1968. Its strategy focused on the male readers' market, competing with other publishers such as Beacon Books. The covers of many Midwood Books featured works by prolific illustrators of the era, including Paul Rader.

Novels from Midwood Books were written by many well-known authors, most writing under pseudonyms. Among these were Lawrence Block, Donald E. Westlake, Robert Silverberg, and Richard E. Geis.

Robert Silverberg
Robert Silverberg (born January 15, 1935) is a prolific American science fiction author and editor. He is a multiple winner of both Hugo and Nebula Awards, a member of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame, and a Grand Master of SF since 2004.

Especially noted Silverberg works include the novella Nightwings (1969) and the novels Downward to the Earth (1970), The World Inside (1971), Dying Inside (1972), and Lord Valentine's Castle (1980; the first of the Majipoor series).

Silverberg has attended every Hugo Award ceremony since the inaugural event in 1953.
KRI Pati Unus (384)
KRI Pati Unus (384) is a Kapitan Pattimura-class corvette that used to be operated by the Indonesian Navy. Before her service in Indonesia, the ship was part of the East German Volksmarine, as Ludwigslust (232).

Volksmarine
The Volksmarine (VM, German pronunciation: [ˈfɔlksmaˌʁiːne]; English: People's Navy) was the naval force of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) from 1956 to 1990. The Volksmarine was one of the service branches of the National People's Army and primarily performed a coastal defence role along the GDR's Baltic Sea coastline and territorial waters.

Disbanded one day before the official reunification of Germany, the Volksmarine served as the naval arm of the East German state for 34 years. Rostock, former home port and headquarters of the Volksmarine, houses Navy Command for the post-reunification Deutsche Marine.
33 1/3 Revolutions per Monkee
33+1⁄3 Revolutions per Monkee is a television special starring the Monkees that aired on NBC on April 14, 1969. The musical guests included Jerry Lee Lewis, Fats Domino, Little Richard, the Clara Ward Singers, the Buddy Miles Express, Paul Arnold and the Moon Express and We Three. The special was produced by Jack Good, creator of the television series Shindig!.

Julie Driscoll and Brian Auger (with their backing band the Trinity) also played a prominent role. This special is notable as the Monkees' final performance as a quartet until 1986, as Peter Tork left the group at the end of the special's production.

Brian Auger and the Trinity
Brian Auger and the Trinity was a British band led by keyboardist Brian Auger. His duet with Julie Driscoll, the Bob Dylan/Rick Danko–penned "This Wheel's on Fire", was a number 5 hit on the 1968 UK Singles Chart.

The song also reached number 13 in Canada.

Brian Auger and the Trinity and Driscoll's joint album, Open, billed as Julie Driscoll, Brian Auger and the Trinity, reached number 12 in the UK Albums Chart the same year. 1969's double LP Streetnoise was also credited to the same Driscoll/Auger/Trinity group name.

The group and Driscoll opened for Led Zeppelin at the Rose Palace in Pasadena, California on 2 and 3 May 1969.
CpG site
The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide is followed by a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its 5' → 3' direction. CpG sites occur with high frequency in genomic regions called CpG islands. CpGs are the common unit of methylation because their information is double stranded (the GpC complement is also methylated). This allows methylation information to be preserved during cell division.

Cytosines in CpG dinucleotides can be methylated to form 5-methylcytosines. Enzymes that add a methyl group are called DNA methyltransferases. In mammals, 70% to 80% of CpG cytosines are methylated. Methylating the cytosine within a gene can change its expression, a mechanism that is part of a larger field of science studying gene regulation that is called epigenetics. Methylated cytosines often mutate to thymines.

In humans, about 70% of promoters located near the transcription start site of a gene (proximal promoters) contain a CpG island.

Methyl group
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula CH3 (whereas normal methane has the formula CH4). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many organic compounds. It is a very stable group in most molecules. While the methyl group is usually part of a larger molecule, bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single covalent bond (−CH3), it can be found on its own in any of three forms: methanide anion (CH−3), methylium cation (CH+3) or methyl radical (CH•3). The anion has eight valence electrons, the radical seven and the cation six. All three forms are highly reactive and rarely observed.
Ei Ghor Ei Songsar
Ei Ghor Ei Songsar is a 1996 Bangladeshi drama film which was directed by Malek Afsary, starring Salman Shah, Brishti, Bulbul Ahmed, Rosy Afsary, Ali Raj and Tamalika Karmakar in lead roles. This film was released on 5 April 1996. This film performed very poorly at the box office.

Rosy Afsari
Rosy Afsary (also Rosy Samad, 23 April 1946 – 9 March 2007) was an actress in the Bangladeshi film industry. She was awarded the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress in its first ceremony in 1975 for her role in the film Lathial.
Tom Daemen
Tom Daemen (born 17 June 1985) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He  formerly played for Fortuna Sittard, MVV, NEC and Go Ahead Eagles in his native Netherlands and Cypriot teams AEK Larnaca, Enosis Neon Paralimni, Aris Limassol.

Enosis Neon Paralimni FC
Enosis Neon Paralimni Football Club (Greek: Ένωση Νέων Παραλιμνίου, Enosi Neon Paralimniou; lit. 'Youth Union of Paralimni'), commonly referred to as ENP, is a Cypriot professional football club based in Paralimni. Currently playing in the Cypriot First Division, it holds home games at the Paralimni Municipal Stadium "Tasos Marcou", with the capacity of 5,800.
Dmitri Aliev
Dmitri Sergeyevich Aliev (Russian: Дмитрий Сергеевич Алиев; born 1 June 1999) is a Russian figure skater. He is the 2020 European champion, the 2018 European silver medalist, the 2020 Russian national champion and the 2018 Russian national bronze medalist. On the junior level, he is the 2017 World Junior silver medalist, the 2016–17 Junior Grand Prix Final champion, the 2015-16 Junior Grand Prix Final silver medalist, a two-time medalist at the 2016 Youth Olympics (bronze in the men's singles discipline and gold in the team event), and a two-time (2016, 2017) Russian national junior champion.

2017 World Junior Figure Skating Championships
The 2017 World Junior Figure Skating Championships were held March 15–19, 2017 in Taipei, Taiwan. Commonly called "World Juniors" and "Junior Worlds", the event determined the World Junior champions in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.

Pair champions Ekaterina Alexandrovskaya / Harley Windsor became the first skaters representing Australia to win gold at an ISU Figure Skating Championships. The United States received gold in two disciplines, with Vincent Zhou winning the men's singles title and Rachel Parsons / Michael Parsons taking the ice dancing title. Russia's Alina Zagitova won the ladies' title in her first appearance at the event.
Bickering Bush
The Bickering bush (NS41863635) thorn grew near Caprington on the lands of Monksholm or Maxholm, Riccarton, East Ayrshire, Scotland. The old farm house at Maxholm sat in hollow on the old Caprington Castle estate and to the north and west its fields bordered the River Irvine. The  thorn was located, as recorded on the OS map, near to the confluence of the Kilmarnock Water and the River Irvine, downstream of the Simon's Burn's (aka Maxholm Burn) confluence on the south bank of the river.

Legend has it that in around the year 1292 Sir William Wallace was involved in an incident in which he killed two or three out of five English soldiers who were attempting to take his catch of fish and the 'Bickering Bush' thorn marked the spot.

William Wallace
Sir William Wallace (Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam Uallas, pronounced [ˈɯʎam ˈuəl̪ˠəs̪]; Norman French: William le Waleys; c. 1270 – 23 August 1305) was a Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence.

Along with Andrew Moray, Wallace defeated an English army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in September 1297. He was appointed Guardian of Scotland and served until his defeat at the Battle of Falkirk in July 1298. In August 1305, Wallace was captured in Robroyston, near Glasgow, and handed over to King Edward I of England, who had him hanged, drawn and quartered for high treason and crimes against English civilians.

Since his death, Wallace has obtained a legendary status beyond his homeland. He is the protagonist of Blind Harry's 15th-century epic poem The Wallace and the subject of literary works by Jane Porter and Sir Walter Scott, and of the Academy Award-winning film Braveheart.
Skitszo
Skitszo is the debut studio album by American singer-rapper Colette Carr, which was released as a whole on July 9, 2013 through Interscope. The album consists of four digital EPs, each featuring four songs, released two months apart. The full album includes all the songs from the EPs, plus four new ones.

Produced by Cherry Cherry Boom Boom, Frankmusik and other big names, the album features collaborations with YG, Far East Movement's Kev Nish, E-40 and Porcelain Black. Billboard noted the album's genre as a mixture of sing-speak rapping and pop music refrains. Carr was inspired to craft Skitszo after being exposed to works by artists such as the Spice Girls, Talking Heads, and Eminem among others.

Martin Kierszenbaum
Martin Kierszenbaum, also known by his pseudonym Cherry Cherry Boom Boom, is an American songwriter, musician, music producer and record executive. He founded Cherrytree Records (or The Cherrytree Music Company) in 2005, a record label and management company through which he has signed artists including Lady Gaga, Sting, Keane, LMFAO, Disclosure, Ellie Goulding, Far East Movement, Feist, La Roux, the Knux, Robyn, t.A.T.u., and Natalia Kills. He has been credited on releases by Madonna, Mylène Farmer, Tokio Hotel, Feist, Ai, Samantha Fish, and Alexandra Burke.

Kierszenbaum releases music under his own name and his stage name Cherry Cherry Boom Boom.
Leroy Rosenior
Leroy De Graft Rosenior MBE (born 24 August 1964) is a football coach and pundit. He is a former footballer whose clubs included Fulham, Queens Park Rangers, Bristol City and West Ham United. Rosenior represented his birthplace England as a youth international, before formally switching to represent the Sierra Leone national team.

Rosenior has managed clubs including Gloucester City, Merthyr Tydfil, Torquay United, Brentford and was assistant to Gary Peters at Shrewsbury Town.

Sierra Leone national football team
The Sierra Leone national football team represents Sierra Leone in association football and is governed by the Sierra Leone Football Association. It has qualified for Africa Cup of Nations three times.
Joseph W. Chamberlain
Joseph Wyan Chamberlain (August 24, 1928 – April 14, 2004) was an American atmospheric scientist and astronomer whose work shaped modern studies of the upper atmosphere and planetary aeronomy. He developed a kinetic description of the collisionless exosphere that is widely used to model atmospheric escape. He wrote the monograph Physics of the Aurora and Airglow in 1961, described by colleagues as a "classic book," and later the graduate text Theory of Planetary Atmospheres with Donald M. Hunten. He received the American Astronomical Society's Helen B. Warner Prize for Astronomy in 1961 and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1965.

Chamberlain died at home in Tucson, Arizona, on April 14, 2004, at 75.

Atmospheric escape
Atmospheric escape is the loss of planetary atmospheric gases to outer space. A number of different mechanisms can be responsible for atmospheric escape; these processes can be divided into thermal escape, non-thermal (or suprathermal) escape, and impact erosion. The relative importance of each loss process depends on the planet's escape velocity, its atmosphere composition, and its distance from its star. Escape occurs when molecular kinetic energy overcomes gravitational energy; in other words, a molecule can escape when it is moving faster than the escape velocity of its planet. Categorizing the rate of atmospheric escape in exoplanets is necessary to determining whether an atmosphere persists, and so the exoplanet's habitability and likelihood of life.