hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Place Montreal Trust
Place Montreal Trust is a shopping mall in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, located west of the Eaton Centre, at the corner of Saint Catherine Street and McGill College Avenue in the city's downtown core. With over 320,000 square feet (29,729 m2) of stores and services, Place Montreal Trust attracts 14 million visitors each year. Its indoor water fountain has the highest water spout in North America at 30 metres in height. Place Montreal Trust is linked to the Underground City of Montreal.

The Bell Media Tower is part of the Place Montreal Trust complex. Place Montreal Trust is named after the Montreal Trust Company which was a lender for its construction as well as one of its original co-owners (along with CDPQ and Cadillac Fairview-Shafter) and the main tenant of the tower.

Cadillac Fairview
The Cadillac Fairview Corporation Limited, branded as Cadillac Fairview, is a Canadian company that invests in, owns, and manages commercial real estate, mainly in Canada and the United States. As of March 2017, the company had 73 properties, encompassing 50 million square feet, worth over $40 billion. As of September 2017, Cadillac Fairview's portfolio consisted of 60% Canadian retail (mainly major shopping centres) and 26% Canadian office buildings. Cadillac Fairview is wholly owned by the Ontario Teachers' Pension Plan.
Phil Veivers
Philip James Veivers (born 25 May 1964) is a former Scotland international rugby league footballer. He played for the Southern Suburbs, St. Helens and Huddersfield as a fullback. He is the brother of Australian international rugby league captain Greg Veivers.

Souths Logan Magpies
The Souths Logan Magpies, more commonly referred to by their former names Southern Suburbs Magpies, or South Brisbane Magpies, or often simply referred to as Souths, are a rugby league football club based in the southern suburbs of Brisbane, Australia. They play in the Hostplus Cup, and although officially are a newer club (having been formed in 2003), they have roots tracing back (as Souths Magpies) to as early as 1910, the second year of rugby league in Queensland.
Shilabati River
Shilabati River (also known as Shilai) originates near Chak Gopalpur village of Hura block in the Purulia district of the Indian state of West Bengal. It flows in an almost southeasterly direction through the districts of Bankura and Paschim Medinipur. The Shilabati joins the Dwarakeswar from the right near Ghatal and afterwards is known as Rupnarayan. It finally joins the Hooghly River, which empties into the Bay of Bengal.

Paschim Medinipur district
Paschim Medinipur  (English: West Medinipur, alternative spelling Midnapore) district is one of the districts of the state of West Bengal, India. It was formed on 1 January 2002 after the partition of Midnapore into Paschim Medinipur and Purba Medinipur. On 4 April 2017, the Jhargram subdivision was upgraded to a district. GDP of West Midnapore district is 12 billion USD.
Club Xolos USA U-23
Club Xolos USA U-23, formerly Deportivo Coras USA, is an American soccer team based in Riverside, California, and is affiliated with Mexican side Club Tijuana Xoloitzcuintles de Caliente. The club currently competes in the National Premier Soccer League in the  Southwest Conference, having joined the league as an expansion team in 2014.

Club Tijuana
Club Tijuana Xoloitzcuintles de Caliente, simplified as Club Tijuana, and also known as Xolos de Tijuana, is a Mexican professional football club based in Tijuana, Baja California. It competes in Liga MX, the top division of Mexican football, and plays its home matches at the Estadio Caliente. Founded in 2007, it competed in the second level division until 2011, when they won promotion to Liga MX. The club's badge is the founder's (Jorge Hank) hairless Xoloitzcuintle.
Tijuana is one of seven Mexican clubs that have never been relegated.

Domestically, Club Tijuana has won one Liga MX title, obtaining it only a year and a half after their promotion.

On 21 May 2011, the club earned promotion to top division, winning the Campeón de Ascenso 2011 by defeating Irapuato 2–1 on aggregate.
1951 Prahran state by-election
The 1951 Prahran state by-election was held on 16 June 1951 to elect the member for Prahran in the Victorian Legislative Assembly, following the resignation of Labor Party MP Frank Crean. Crean resigned to contest the federal election on 28 April 1951, where he was elected as the member for Melbourne Ports.

Robert Pettiona retained the seat for Labor despite a swing of 2.9% towards the Liberal and Country Party (LCP). He retained the seat at the 1952 state election but narrowly lost it to the LCP in 1955.

This was the final of three by-elections in Prahran held in a timeframe of six years, with by-elections also held in 1945 and 1949 (where Crean was elected).

Victorian Liberal Party
The Victorian Liberal Party, officially known as the Liberal Party of Australia (Victorian Division), and branded as Liberal Victoria, is the state division of the Liberal Party of Australia in Victoria. It was formed in 1949 as the Liberal and Country Party (LCP) and simplified its name to the Liberal Party in 1965. The party sits on the centre-right to right-wing of the Australian political spectrum, and is currently led by Jess Wilson.

There was a previous Victorian division of the Liberal Party formed in March 1945, but it ceased to exist when the LCP was established four years later.
Sergey Vladimirovich Cherkasov
Sergey Vladimirovich Cherkasov (Russian: Сергей Владимирович Черкасов, Russian pronunciation: [ʂɪrˈɡʲej vlɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvʲɪt͡ɕ t͡ɕɪrˈkasəf]), also known as Victor Muller Ferreira (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈviktoɾ ˈmileɾ feˈʁejɾɐ]), is an alleged Russian intelligence officer working for the GRU, whose true identity was revealed by the Dutch General Intelligence and Security Service in 2022. He was first sentenced by a Brazilian federal court to 15 years in prison for using a forged Brazilian government-issued document, but the sentence was later reduced to 5 years and 2 months. As of January 2024, Cherkasov remained in prison, and Brazil had brought a new charge, that he had received and laundered money from a Russian diplomatic employee there, a charge that might forestall an early release from prison.

General Intelligence and Security Service
The General Intelligence and Security Service (Dutch: Algemene Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdienst [ˈɑlɣəmeːnə ˈʔɪnlɪxtɪŋən ɛn ˈvɛiləxɦɛitsˌdinst, -ŋə ʔɛn -]; AIVD) is the intelligence and security agency of the Netherlands, tasked with domestic, foreign and signals intelligence and protecting national security as well as assisting the Five Eyes in investigating foreign citizens. The military counterpart is the Defence Intelligence and Security Service (MIVD), which operates under the Ministry of Defence.
Cecilia of Le Bourcq
Cecilia of Le Bourcq (died after 1126) was a Cilician fiefholder as lady of Tarsus. She was the daughter of Count Hugh I of Rethel and Melisende, daughter of Guy I of Montlhéry. Cecilia's brother was Baldwin II of Jerusalem.

Cilicia
Cilicia (/sɪˈlɪʃə/, sil-ISH-ə) is a geographical region of southern Anatolia in West Asia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. Cilicia borders Pamphylia to the west, Lycaonia and Cappadocia to the north, Commagene to the north-east, Syria to the east and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Cilicia has a population ranging over six million, concentrated mostly at the Cilician plain (Turkish: Çukurova). The region includes the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
Purolator International
Purolator International (formerly Purolator Courier US, Ltd. and then Purolator USA, Inc.) is a US-based freight forwarder that provides cross border logistics services between the United States and Canada. Headquartered in Jericho, New York, the company is a subsidiary of Canada-based Purolator Inc.

Purolator International was previously known as Purolator USA. During 2011, an organizational change merged Purolator USA and Global Supply Chain Services (GSC) into a single business entity. GSC previously operated as a unit of Purolator Inc. Purolator Inc. was formerly known as Purolator Courier Ltd.

The company is non-asset based and partners with a number of providers for deliveries between the US and Canada.

Jericho, New York
Jericho /dʒɛrɪkoʊ/ is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States, approximately 29 miles (47 km) east of Midtown Manhattan. The population was 14,808 at the time of the 2020 census.

The area is served by the Jericho Union Free and the Syosset Central School Districts, the boundaries of which differ somewhat from those of the hamlet. The boundaries of the Jericho Post Office vary from both the hamlet and the school district boundaries, including a portion of Jericho in the Westbury ZIP code and a portion of Syosset in the Jericho ZIP code.
2008 Georgian referendum
A double referendum was held in Georgia on 5 January 2008, alongside presidential elections. One question was a binding referendum on whether to bring forward the 2008 parliamentary elections from October to April/May. The second was a non-binding advisory referendum on joining NATO. Both proposals were approved with over 75% in favour. Parliamentary elections were subsequently held on 21 May.

2008 Georgian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia on 21 May 2008. President Mikheil Saakashvili proposed a referendum on bringing them forward from fall to spring after the 2007 Georgian demonstrations. The referendum was held at the same time as the early presidential election on 5 January 2008; the results indicated that voters were largely in favour of having the elections in spring.

The Central Election Commission registered 3,458,020 voters, significantly higher than the 2,343,087 registered in 2004. The election was observed by 14 international and 31 local organizations.
Johannes Gräff
Johannes Gräff (born in St. Gallen, Switzerland, (1978-06-11)11 June 1978) is a Swiss neuroscientist. He currently works as an associate professor at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). His research focuses on the neuroepigenetic bases of physiological and pathological memory formation.

École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
EPFL (officially no longer an acronym; originally short for French: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, lit. 'Federal School of Technology in Lausanne') is a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland. Founded in 1969, the university primarily teaches and conducts research in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.

Like its sister institution ETH Zurich, EPFL is part of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain, a consortium of universities and research institutes under the Swiss Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research. As of 2024, EPFL enrolled 14,012 students from over 130 countries.

Students, faculty, and researchers affiliated with EPFL include a Nobel laureate, two Fields Medalists, two Pritzker Prize winners, and one Turing Award recipient. EPFL has an urban campus that extends alongside Lake Geneva, and includes the EPFL Innovation Park as well as university research centers and affiliated laboratories.
Amelia Earhart Dam
The Amelia Earhart Dam is an earth-fill dam spanning the Mystic River near its mouth between Somerville and Everett, Massachusetts. It was built in 1966 to regulate tidal effects and the incursion of salt water in the upstream river basin.  The dam is named after the aviation pioneer Amelia Earhart whose plane disappeared in 1937.  Earhart lived in nearby Medford, Massachusetts in the 1920s. There is no public access to the dam.

Everett, Massachusetts
Everett is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, directly north of Boston, bordering the neighborhood of Charlestown. The population was 49,075 at the time of the 2020 United States census.

Everett was the last city in the United States to have a bicameral legislature, which was composed of a seven-member Board of Aldermen and an eighteen-member Common Council. On November 8, 2011, the voters approved a new City Charter that changed the City Council to a unicameral body with eleven members – six ward councilors and five councilors-at-large. The new City Council was elected during the 2013 City Election.
Supersymmetry algebras in 1 + 1 dimensions
A two dimensional Minkowski space, i.e. a flat space with one time and one spatial dimension, has a two-dimensional Poincaré group IO(1,1) as its symmetry group. The respective Lie algebra is called the Poincaré algebra. It is possible to extend this algebra to a supersymmetry algebra, which is a -graded Lie superalgebra. The most common ways to do this are discussed below.

Poincaré group
The Poincaré group, named after Henri Poincaré (1905), was first defined by Hermann Minkowski (1908) as the isometry group of Minkowski spacetime.  It is a ten-dimensional non-abelian Lie group that is of importance as a model in our understanding of the most basic fundamentals of physics.
Exokatakoiloi
Exokatakoiloi (Greek: ἐξωκατάκοιλοι), latinized as Exocatacœli, was a term attested since the 11th century for the principal officials of the Patriarch of Constantinople or a bishop of the Eastern Church: these were the steward or oikonomos (the patriarchal official was prefixed with megas, "grand"), the treasurer or [megas] sakellarios, the sacristan or [megas] skeuophylax, the record-keeper or chartophylax, and the head of the sakellion. Later, a sixth member was added, the protekdikos.

Sakellarios
A sakellarios (Greek: σακελλάριος) or sacellarius is the title of an official entrusted with administrative and financial duties (cf. sakellē or sakellion, "purse, treasury") in a government or institution. The title was used in the Byzantine Empire with varying functions and the title remains in use in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Headley Court
Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre Headley Court (abbreviated to DMRC Headley Court, and more commonly known as Headley Court), formerly RAF Headley Court, was an 85-acre (34 ha) United Kingdom Ministry of Defence facility in Headley, near Epsom, Surrey, England. The site was sold by the MoD in 2018, upon purchase of Stanford Hall, and its conversion to the Defence and National Rehabilitation Centre.

It was used as a rehabilitation centre for injured members of the British Armed Forces between 1985 and 2018.

Stanford Hall, Nottinghamshire
Stanford Hall is a Grade II* listed 18th-century English country house in Stanford on Soar, Nottinghamshire, just north of Loughborough. It is home to the Defence and National Rehabilitation Centre (DNRC).
R.E.P.O.
R.E.P.O. (acronym of Retrieve, Extract and Profit Operation) is an online cooperative survival horror video game developed and published by Swedish game studio Semiwork for Windows. It was released in early access on 26 February 2025 on Steam. It is developed in the Unity game engine.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
Pierre Subdivision
The Pierre Subdivision is an east–west railway line owned and operated by the Rapid City, Pierre and Eastern Railroad (RCPE), a subsidiary of Genesee & Wyoming. The line stretches approximately 118 miles (190 km) across the central parts of South Dakota, connecting Pierre, South Dakota with Huron, South Dakota. It is also a part of the RCPE's east–west main route. Traffic on this line is solely freight traffic.

The line is not equipped with centralized traffic control or automatic block signalling (dark territory). It is dispatched via radio under the track warrant control rules.

There are passing sidings at Miller and Highmore, with only spur tracks at other locations. Freight yards are located at Huron and Pierre.

Pierre, South Dakota
Pierre (/pɪər/ PEER) is the capital city of the U.S. state of South Dakota and the county seat of Hughes County.  As of the 2020 census, its population was 14,091. Pierre is the eleventh-most populous city of South Dakota, and the second-least populous U.S. state capital (after only Montpelier, Vermont).

Founded in 1880 on the Missouri River, the city was selected to be the state capital when South Dakota was admitted as a state in 1889. Near the center of the state, the then-new settlement was across the river from the settlement of Fort Pierre, and near what became an important railroad crossing of the river.
Ali Farag
Ali Amr Farag (Arabic: علي عمرو فرج; born 22 April 1992) is a former Egyptian professional squash player. He is a four-time world individual champion, having won the title in 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22 and 2022–23 and a four-times world team champion. He has a highest career world ranking of world No. 1 by the Professional Squash Association (PSA).

2020–21 PSA Men's World Squash Championship
The 2020–21 PSA Men's World Squash Championship was the 2020–21 men's edition of the World Squash Championships, which served as the individual world championship for squash players. The event took place in Chicago, United States from 14 to 22 July 2021. It was the second time that Chicago hosted the PSA World Championships after 2018–19 edition.
Portuguese Malacca
Portuguese control of Malacca—a city on the Malay Peninsula—spanned a 130 year period from 1511 to 1641 as a possession of the Portuguese East Indies. It was captured from the Malacca Sultanate as part of Portuguese attempts to gain control of trade in the region. Although multiple attempts to conquer it were repulsed, the city was eventually lost to an alliance of Dutch and regional forces, thus beginning a period of Dutch rule.

A Famosa
A Famosa (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐ faˈmɔzɐ]) was a Portuguese fortress built in Malacca, Malaysia, circa 1512. The oldest part of the fortress was a five-storey keep which eventually gave its name to the fortress as a whole. Some time following the Battle of Malacca (1641) and the occupation of the city by the Dutch, the keep was destroyed but the outer walls of the fortress were expanded. However, in 1811 the British destroyed all of the original fortress and most of the outer walls. The Porta de Santiago gateway, and the rebuilt Middelburg Bastion, are the only parts of the fortress that remain today.
Roberts cross
The Roberts cross operator is used in image processing and computer vision for edge detection.  It was one of the first edge detectors and was initially proposed by Lawrence Roberts in 1963. As a differential operator, the idea behind the Roberts cross operator is to approximate the gradient of an image through discrete differentiation which is achieved by computing the sum of the squares of the differences between diagonally adjacent pixels.

Digital image processing
Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and distortion during processing. Since images are defined over two dimensions (perhaps more), digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional systems. The generation and development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the creation and improvement of discrete mathematics theory); and third, the demand for a wide range of applications in environment, agriculture, military, industry and medical science has increased.
World Logic Day
World Logic Day is an international day proclaimed by UNESCO in association with the 
International Council for Philosophy and Human Sciences (CIPSH) in November 2019 to be celebrated on 14 January every year. It was first celebrated on 14 January 2019, before the UNESCO declaration. World Logic Day intends to bring the intellectual history, conceptual significance and practical implications of logic to the attention of interdisciplinary science communities and the broader public.

International Council for Philosophy and Human Sciences
The International Council for Philosophy and Human Sciences (French: Conseil international de la philosophie et des sciences humaines; ICPHS/CIPSH) is a non-governmental organization within UNESCO. It embraces hundreds of learned societies in the field of philosophy, human sciences and related subjects.
Hetmans' Party
The Hetmans' Party (Polish: Stronnictwo hetmańskie), also known as the Magnates' Party (Stronnictwo magnackie), the Muscovite Party (Stronnictwo moskiewskie), the Conservative Party (Stronnictwo konserwatywne) and the Old-Nobility Party (Stronnictwo staroszlacheckie), was a political party that opposed reforms advocated in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by the Patriotic Party. The Hetmans' Party was aligned with the Russian Empire and supported preservation of the status quo and the "Golden Freedoms". Its various names come from the fact that it was headed by two hetmans (commanders of Commonwealth military forces), represented the interests of conservative nobles and magnates, and was aligned with the Russian Empire.

Golden Liberty
Golden Liberty (Latin: Aurea Libertas; Polish: Złota Wolność [ˈzwɔ.ta ˈvɔl.nɔɕt͡ɕ], Lithuanian: Auksinė laisvė), sometimes referred to as Golden Freedoms, Nobles' Democracy or Nobles' Commonwealth (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Szlachecka or Złota wolność szlachecka) was a political system in the Kingdom of Poland and, after the Union of Lublin (1569), in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Under that system, all nobles (szlachta), regardless of rank, economic status or their ethnic background were considered to have equal legal status and enjoyed extensive legal rights and privileges. The nobility controlled the legislature (the Sejm—the parliament) and the Commonwealth's elected king.
Verena Madner
Verena Madner (born May 12, 1965, in Linz) is an Austrian legal scholar, university professor and constitutional judge. She has been Professor of Public Law at the Department of Socio-Economics at the Vienna University of Economics and Business since 2011. In 2020, she was appointed Vice President of the Austrian Constitutional Court.

Vienna University of Economics and Business
The Vienna University of Economics and Business (German: Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien, lit. 'University of Economy Vienna' [ˈvɪrt.ʃaftsunivɛrsiˌtɛːt ˈviːn], WU) is a public research university in Vienna, Austria. The university received triple accreditation (AACSB, EQUIS and AMBA).