hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2019 Rafael Nadal tennis season
The 2019 Rafael Nadal tennis season officially began on 14 January 2019, with the start of the Australian Open, and ended 24 November 2019 after Spain's victory at the conclusion of the Davis Cup Finals.

2019 Davis Cup Finals
The Finals, formerly known as World Group, was the highest level of Davis Cup competition in 2019. It was held on indoor hard courts at the Caja Mágica in Madrid, Spain from 18 until 24 November. The ties were contested in a best-of-three rubbers format and were played on one day. There were two singles followed by a doubles.

Croatia were the defending champions, but were eliminated during the round-robin stage.

Spain won the title, defeating Canada in the final, 2–0. It was the Spanish men's national tennis team's first Davis Cup title since 2011 and their sixth Davis Cup title overall. Rafael Nadal was named the Most Valuable Player of the tournament after winning all eight of his matches.
Benton Academy
Benton Academy is an independent, co-educational college preparatory school in Benton, Mississippi (United States). It is a member of the Midsouth Association of Independent Schools. The school is located in Yazoo County, Mississippi.  It was founded as a segregation academy in 1969, and still did not enroll a single black student as of 2010.

Midsouth Association of Independent Schools
The Midsouth Association of Independent Schools (MAIS) is a consortium of schools in Mississippi, Tennessee, Louisiana and Arkansas. It is responsible for accreditation of its member private schools as well as governing athletic competition for its member schools. It was founded in 1968 by a group of segregation academies.

The association also operates two other organizations, the Mississippi Association of Independent Schools Educational Association and the Mississippi Association of Independent Schools Coaches Association.
Phalanx Biotech Group
Phalanx Biotech Group was founded in 2002 as a result of collaboration between Taiwan's Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) and several private companies and research institutes. It is a manufacturer of DNA microarrays and a provider of gene expression profiling and microRNA profiling services based in Hsinchu, Taiwan, San Diego, California, Shanghai, China, and in Beijing, China. The company sells its DNA microarrays and service platform under the registered trademark name OneArray.

Phalanx Biotech Group is a member of the FDA-led Microarray Quality Control Project.

Gene expression profiling
In the field of molecular biology, gene expression profiling is the measurement of the activity (the expression) of thousands of genes at once, to create a global picture of cellular function. These profiles can, for example, distinguish between cells that are actively dividing, or show how the cells react to a particular treatment. Many experiments of this sort measure an entire genome simultaneously, that is, every gene present in a particular cell.

Several transcriptomics technologies can be used to generate the necessary data to analyse. DNA microarrays measure the relative activity of previously identified target genes. Sequence based techniques, like RNA-Seq, provide information on the sequences of genes in addition to their expression level.
Vemundvik
Vemundvik is a village in Namsos Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The village is located along the sea shore, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the town of Namsos and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) east of the village of Ramsvika. Vemundvik Church is located in the village.

The village of Vemundvik was the administrative centre of the old Vemundvik Municipality from 1838 until 1941, when the municipal administration moved to the nearby town of Namsos.

Namsos (town)
Namsos is a town and the administrative center of Namsos Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located on the north side of the mouth of the river Namsen, where it flows into Namsenfjorden. The village of Spillum lies across the river on the south side.

The Norwegian County Road 17 runs through the town and just east of the town is Namsos Airport, Høknesøra. The town was the terminus of the Namsos Line from 1933 until its closure in 2002. The town is the site of the Namsos Hospital which serves the whole region. Namsos Church is located in the town centre.

The 4.66-square-kilometre (1,150-acre) town has a population (2024) of 8,422 and a population density of 1,807 inhabitants per square kilometre (4,680/sq mi).
Archdeacon of Ross, Ireland
The Archdeacon of Dean was a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Ross until 1835; and then within the Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross until 1972 when it merged with the Archdeaconry of Cork. As such he was responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the Ross Diocese.

Details are sketchy until we get to Meredith Hanmer, the first incumbent of whom we have a full biography, to the last discrete holder Dominick Patrick Sarsfield Wilson. In between William Fitzgerald, Percy Jocelyn and William Bissett went on to be bishops.

Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross
The Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, also referred to as the United Diocese of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, is a diocese in the Church of Ireland. The diocese is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin.  It is the see of the Bishop of Cork, Cloyne and Ross, the result of a combination of the bishoprics of Cork and Cloyne and Ross in 1583, the separation of Cork and Ross and Cloyne in 1660, and the re-combination of Cork and Ross and Cloyne in 1835.
Tāwharanui Marine Reserve
Tāwharanui Marine Reserve is a marine reserve covering an area of 394 hectares (970 acres) in the Hauraki Gulf, offshore from the Tāwharanui Peninsula in the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It was established in 2011 and is administered by the Department of Conservation.

Marine reserves of New Zealand
New Zealand has 44 marine reserves (as of August 2020) that are spread around the North, the South Island, and neighbouring islands, and on outlying island groups. They are governed by the Marine Reserves Act 1971 and administered by the Department of Conservation with assistance from the Ministry for Primary Industries (formally the Ministry of Fisheries), New Zealand Customs Service and the New Zealand Defence Forces.
Nathan M. Newmark
Nathan Mortimore Newmark (September 22, 1910 – January 25, 1981) was an American structural engineer and academic, widely regarded as one of the founding fathers of earthquake engineering. He was awarded the National Medal of Science for Engineering.

Earthquake engineering
Earthquake engineering is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering that designs and analyzes structures, such as buildings and bridges, with earthquakes in mind. Its overall goal is to make such structures more resistant to earthquakes. An earthquake (or seismic) engineer aims to construct structures that will not be damaged in minor shaking and will avoid serious damage or collapse in a major earthquake. 
A properly engineered structure does not necessarily have to be extremely strong or expensive. It has to be properly designed to withstand the seismic effects while sustaining an acceptable level of damage.
Chiloglottis trilabra
Chiloglottis trilabra, commonly known as the long-clubbed wasp orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has two dark green leaves and a single greenish brown or pinkish flower with a dark red to black, ant-like callus covering most of the upper surface of the labellum. It is similar to both C. seminuda and C. reflexa.

Chiloglottis reflexa
Chiloglottis reflexa, commonly known as the short-clubbed wasp orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to the south-eastern Australia. It has two broad leaves and a single greenish-bronze or purplish flower with an ant-like callus covering most of the top of the labellum.
Giuseppe Capece Zurlo
Giuseppe Maria Capece Zurlo, Theat. (3 January 1711, Monteroni di Lecce, Apulia – 31 December 1801) was an Italian cardinal who served as Archbishop of Naples.

Capece Zurlo was born in Monteroni di Lecce, Apulia, into the noble family of the princes of Zurlo. He was the son of Prince Giacomo Capece Zurlo and Ippolita Sambiase, of the princes of Campana di Portanova.

Theatines
The Theatines, officially named the Congregation of Clerics Regular (Latin: Ordo Clericorum Regularium; abbreviated CR), are members of a Catholic order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men. The order was founded in virtue of faculties granted by Pope Clement VII on 24 June 1524 in the Brief Exponi Nobis.
Open Learning Institute of British Columbia
The Open Learning Institute of British Columbia (OLI) was a single mode, distance education post-secondary provincial institute in Canada, created in 1978 by the Government of British Columbia. Its mandate was to improve access to higher education across the province by means of distance education and other open learning methods. Inspired in part by the UK Open University model, it used a combination of print-based courses, audiovisual media and telephone tutoring to offer courses up to the baccalaureate degree level. In 1988, it was subsumed in part as the BC Open University under the new Open Learning Agency (OLA). In 2005 it was amalgamated as the Open Learning Division with the newly designated Thompson Rivers University in Kamloops (TRU), BC. TRU was formerly known as the University College of the Cariboo.

Thompson Rivers University, Open Learning
Thompson Rivers University, Open Learning (TRU-OL) is a Canadian distance education provider, operating as the Open Learning Division of Thompson Rivers University (TRU) in Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada. The Open Learning Division, which is situated in the BC Centre for Open Learning on TRU's Kamloops campus, offers courses and programs through online and distance learning. Currently over 590 courses and 55 programs are available for enrolment.
2C-EF
2C-EF, also known as 4-(2-fluoroethyl)-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine and 2C families. It is the 2C analogue of the DOx psychedelic DOEF. The drug is taken orally. 2C-EF was first described in the literature by Alexander Shulgin in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved.

2C (psychedelics)
2C (2C-x) is a general name for the family of psychedelic phenethylamines containing methoxy groups on the 2 and 5 positions of a benzene ring. Most of these compounds also carry lipophilic substituents at the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more metabolically stable and longer acting compounds.

Most of the early 2C drugs were developed by Alexander Shulgin in the 1970s and 1980s and were reviewed in his 1991 book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known And Loved). 2C-B is the most popular of the 2C drugs.
Glasgow Highlanders
The Glasgow Highlanders was a former infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Territorial Force, later renamed the Territorial Army. The regiment eventually became a Volunteer Battalion of the Highland Light Infantry (City of Glasgow Regiment) in 1881. The regiment saw active service in both World War I and World War II. In 1959 the Highland Light Infantry (City of Glasgow Regiment) was amalgamated with the Royal Scots Fusiliers to form the Royal Highland Fusiliers (Princess Margaret's Own Glasgow and Ayrshire Regiment). The Glasgow Highlanders was later amalgamated into the 52nd Lowland Volunteers in 1967.

Royal Highland Fusiliers
The Royal Highland Fusiliers, 2nd Battalion, Royal Regiment of Scotland (2 SCOTS) is an infantry battalion of the Royal Regiment of Scotland.

Prior to 28 March 2006, the Royal Highland Fusiliers was an infantry regiment in its own right, created by the amalgamation of the Royal Scots Fusiliers with the Highland Light Infantry (City of Glasgow Regiment) in January 1959.
Vivaldi Technologies
Vivaldi Technologies AS is a Norwegian software development company, best known for its creation of the Vivaldi Browser. Headquartered in Oslo, Norway, the company was founded in 2013 by Jon von Tetzchner and Tatsuki Tomita. Tetzchner was one of the founders and formerly the CEO of Opera Software, a software company that developed the web browser Opera. About 20 former Opera employees joined Tetzchner at Vivaldi Technologies. In January 2017, the company had 35 employees. As of April 2025, the company has listed 60 employees.

Vivaldi is employee-owned, and derives revenue from product placement but not data. Its browsers are also AI-algorithm free.

Opera (company)
Opera (formerly Opera Software AS) is a multinational technology corporation headquartered in Oslo, Norway, with additional offices in Europe, China, and Africa. Opera offers a range of products and services that include PC and mobile web browsers, GameMaker and gaming portals, the Opera News content recommendation products, the Opera Ads platform, and a number of Web3 and e-commerce products and services. The company's total user base is 296 million monthly active users.

On 27 July 2018, Opera Limited became a public company again for the 2nd time after being acquired by Chinese Consortium in 2016, listed on the NASDAQ Stock Exchange, raising $115 million in its initial public offering.

Opera is owned & controlled by Chinese company Kunlun Tech Co., Ltd. which holds 69% shares since at least 2024 , with shares above 50% controlled since 2021. Zhou Yahui, the controlling shareholder of Kunlun, is both Chair of Opera's Board and its CEO.
Puerto Rico Highway 107
Puerto Rico Highway 107 (PR-107), or Carretera Pedro Albizu Campos, is a north–south highway located in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico. It extends from PR-2 to Ramey Air Force Base.

Puerto Rico Highway 107 north near Crash Boat Beach

Aguadilla, Puerto Rico
Aguadilla (Spanish pronunciation: [aɣwaˈðiʝa], locally [awaˈðiʝa]), founded in 1775 by Luis de Córdova, is a city and municipality located in the northwestern tip of Puerto Rico, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, north of Aguada, and Moca and west of Isabela. Aguadilla is spread over 15 barrios and Aguadilla Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is a principal city and core of the Aguadilla-Isabela-San Sebastián Metropolitan Statistical Area. This region was already inhabited and known as Aguadilla before 1770. Nevertheless, according to Dr. Agustín Stahl in his Foundation of Aguadilla, it was not until 1780 that the town was officially founded. The construction of a new church and the proceedings to become an independent village began in 1775.
Peter Kelamis
Peter Kelamis is an Australian actor and stand-up comedian. He is best known for voice roles including Goku in Ocean's English dub of the animated series Dragon Ball Z (succeeding Ian James Corlett and preceding Kirby Morrow), Rolf from Ed, Edd n Eddy, Tail Terrier in Krypto the Superdog, Dr. Adam Brody in Stargate Universe, and Wing Saber in Transformers: Cybertron, replacing the character's previous voice actor Colin Murdock.

Kirby Morrow
Kirby Robert Morrow (August 28, 1973 – November 18, 2020) was a Canadian actor, comedian and writer. In animation, he was known as the voice of Miroku from InuYasha, its four movies, and Inuyasha: The Final Act, Van Fanel from the Ocean dub of Escaflowne, Cyclops from X-Men: Evolution, Jay from Class of the Titans, Teru Mikami from Death Note, Trowa Barton from Mobile Suit Gundam Wing, Rey Za Burrel from Mobile Suit Gundam SEED Destiny, Ryo Takatsuki from Project ARMS, Goku from Ocean Productions' dub of Dragon Ball Z (from Episode 160 onwards), Hot Shot from Transformers: Cybertron and his main role as Cole from LEGO Ninjago: Masters of Spinjitzu until Seabound. On camera, he was known for the recurring role of Captain Dave Kleinman from Stargate Atlantis.
Haystack (MIT project)
Haystack is a project at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to research and develop several applications around personal information management and the Semantic Web. The most notable of those applications is the Haystack client, a research personal information manager (PIM) and one of the first to be based on semantic desktop technologies. The Haystack client is published as open source software under the BSD license.

Similar to the Chandler PIM, the Haystack system unifies handling different types of unstructured information. This information has a common representation in RDF that is presented to users in a configurable human-readable way.

Chandler (software)
Chandler is a discontinued personal information management software suite described by its developers as a "Note-to-Self Organizer" designed for personal and small-group task management and calendaring. It is free software, previously released under the GNU General Public License, and  now released under the Apache License 2.0. It is inspired by a PIM from the 1980s called Lotus Agenda, notable because of its "free-form" approach to information management. Lead developer of Agenda, Mitch Kapor, was also involved in the vision and management of Chandler.

Chandler consists of a cross-platform desktop application (Windows, Mac OS X, Linux), the Chandler Hub Sharing Service, Chandler Server, Chandler Quick Entry for iPhone, and Chandler Quick Entry for Android. Version 1.0 of the software was released on August 8, 2008.

Chandler was developed by the Open Source Applications Foundation (OSAF). It is named after the mystery novelist Raymond Chandler.
Kuala Terengganu Drawbridge
Kuala Terengganu Drawbridge (Malay: Jambatan Angkat Kuala Terengganu, Jawi: جمبتن اڠكت كوالا ترڠڬانو, Terengganuan: Ghetok Congek Tranung) is a bascule bridge located in Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia, and crosses the mouth of Terengganu River. It is the fourth bridge within the Kuala Terengganu City area that straddles the river after Sultan Mahmud Bridge, Manir Bridge, and Pulau Sekati Bridge.

Pulau Sekati Bridge
Pulau Sekati Bridge (Malay: Jambatan Pulau Sekati) is a bridge in Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia, that crosses the Terengganu River. It is the longest bridge in Terengganu after the Sultan Mahmud Bridge. The bridge, connecting Losong to Pulau Sekati and Jalan Banggul Tuan Muda to Jeram Tokong, was fully opened to the public on 19 June 2017.
Neo-Stalinism
Neo-Stalinism is the promotion of positive views of Joseph Stalin's role in history, the partial re-establishing of Stalin's policies on certain or all issues, and nostalgia for the Stalinist period. Neo-Stalinism overlaps significantly with neo-Sovietism and Soviet nostalgia. Various definitions of the term have been given over the years. Neo-Stalinism is being actively promoted by Eurasianist currents in various post-Soviet states and official rehabilitation of Stalin has occurred in Russia under Vladimir Putin. Eurasianist philosopher Aleksandr Dugin, an influential neo-Stalinist ideologue in Russian elite circles, has praised Stalin as the “greatest personality in Russian history”, comparing him to Ivan IV who established the Tsardom of Russia.

Neo-Sovietism
Neo-Sovietism, sometimes known as Re-Sovietization, is the Soviet Union–style of policy decisions in some post-Soviet states, as well as a political movement of reviving the Soviet Union in the modern world or reviving specific aspects of Soviet life based on nostalgia for the Soviet Union.
Tsudao Gurirab
Tsudao Immanuel Gurirab (born 2 January 1961) is a Namibian politician. A member of Congress of Democrats (CoD), Gurirab was previously a member of the ruling South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) until he alongside Ben Ulenga, Ignatius Shixwameni and others left SWAPO to form CoD in 1999. He was also a member of the Pan-African Parliament and the only non-SWAPO member selected from Namibia. In 2007, Gurirab was elected chairperson of the party.

Ben Ulenga
Ben Ulenga (born Benjamin Crispus Ulenga on 22 June 1952) is a Namibian trade unionist, politician, and diplomat. In the 1990s, he served under the SWAPO government as a deputy minister and as an ambassador, but he left SWAPO in 1998 and founded an opposition party, the Congress of Democrats (CoD), in 1999. He was a member of the National Assembly of Namibia from 2000 to 2015 and led the CoD until 2015.
Military interpreter (France)
Military interpreters in the French Army translate into and out of foreign languages for the French military. A sous-officier or interpreter officer serves in uniform, accompanying the French armed forces on all its foreign expeditions for 200 years. Today known as Officiers et Sous-officiers de Réserve Qualifiés Langues Etrangères (OSRQLE), they were formerly known as Officiers Linguistes de Réserve de l'Armée de Terre (OLRAT), Interprètes/Officiers Interprètes de Réserve de l'Armée de Terre (IRAT/OIRAT) or Officiers de Liaison et Interprète de Réserve (OLIR).
The unit was first set up for Bonaparte's Egyptian expedition, and so their insignia is a sphinx on a blue terrestrial globe divided up by lingual barriers, on a round grey circular background with rays symbolising each of the languages spoken by their unit

Interpreter officer
An interpreter officer or army interpreter is a commissioned officer of an armed force, who interprets and/or translates to facilitate military operation. Interpreter officers are used extensively in multinational operations in which two or more countries that do not share a common language are undertaking a joint operation, or expeditionary missions in which the communication with the local population is crucial but limited by lack of language proficiency among the expeditionary force personnel. Interpreter officers also work in the intelligence gathering and analysis though in many countries, civilian analysts are used instead of the officers in active duty.
Milan Kučan
Milan Kučan (pronounced [ˈmíːlaŋ ˈkúːtʃan]; born 14 January 1941) is a Slovenian former politician who served as the first President of Slovenia from 1991 to 2002. Before being president of Slovenia, he was the 13th President of the Presidency of SR Slovenia from 1990 to 1991.

Kučan also served as the 7th President of the League of Communists of Slovenia from 1986 to 1989.

President of Slovenia
The president of Slovenia, officially the president of the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Predsednik Republike Slovenije), is the head of state of Slovenia. The office was established on 23 December 1991 when the National Assembly passed a new constitution after the separation of Slovenia from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Five individuals have occupied the post of president of the Republic since Slovenia achieved its independence. The incumbent is Nataša Pirc Musar, Slovenia's first female president. The president's official workplace is the Presidential Palace in Ljubljana.
John Linley Frazier
John Linley Frazier (January 26, 1946 – August 13, 2009), also known as The Killer Prophet, was an American mass murderer who killed five people in Santa Cruz County, California. He was the first of three men who would embark on killing sprees in Santa Cruz County in the 1970s; he was followed by Herbert Mullin and Edmund Kemper.

Edmund Kemper
Edmund Emil Kemper III (born December 18, 1948) is an American serial killer convicted of murdering seven women, including his own mother, and one girl between May 1972 and April 1973. Years earlier, at the age of 15, Kemper had murdered his paternal grandparents. Kemper was nicknamed the "Co-ed Killer", as most of his non-familial victims were female college students hitchhiking in the vicinity of Santa Cruz County, California. Most of his murders included necrophilia, decapitation, dismemberment and possibly cannibalism.

Found sane and guilty at his trial in 1973, Kemper requested the death penalty for his crimes. Capital punishment was suspended in California at the time, and he instead received eight concurrent life sentences. Since then, he has been incarcerated at California Medical Facility in Vacaville.