hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2nd Cavalry Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 2nd Cavalry Brigade was a brigade of the British Army. It served in the Napoleonic Wars (2nd Union Cavalry Brigade), the Boer War and in the First World War when it was assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division.

Prior to World War I the brigade was based at Tidworth Camp in England; and originally consisted of three cavalry regiments and a Royal Engineers signal troop. After the declaration of war in August 1914, the brigade was deployed to the Western Front in France, where an artillery battery joined the brigade the following September and a Machine Gun Squadron in February 1916.

1st Cavalry Division (United Kingdom)
The 1st Cavalry Division was a regular Division of the British Army during the First World War where it fought on the Western Front. During the Second World War it was a first line formation, formed from Yeomanry Regiments. It fought in the Middle East before being converted to the 10th Armoured Division.
Raid on Elizabethtown
The Raid on Elizabethtown occurred on February 7, 1813, when Major Benjamin Forsyth and 200 regulars and militia crossed the frozen St. Lawrence River to occupy Elizabethtown, Upper Canada (present day Brockville, Ontario), seize military and public stores, free American prisoners and capture British military prisoners. This was the second successful raid by Forsyth along the St. Lawrence River, having previously attacked Gananoque. The success of the two raids prompted a response by the British, which culminated in the Battle of Ogdensburg.

Battle of Ogdensburg
The Battle of Ogdensburg was a battle of the War of 1812. The British gained a victory over the Americans and captured the village of Ogdensburg, New York.  Although small in scale, it removed the American threat to British supply lines for the remainder of the war.
Murho Estate
Murho Estate (mid-18th century to 1947) was a Zamindari (estate) during British Raj in erstwhile Bhagalpur (now in Madhepura) district of Bihar.

The name of the estate derives from a Murho village of Madhepura District. Members of the Murho family were notable landlords of the Kosi division.

Zamindars of Bihar
The Zamindars of Bihar were the autonomous rulers and administrators of the Bihar Subah during Mughal rule and later during British rule. They formed the landed aristocracy that lasted until Indian independence in 1947. The zamindars of Bihar were numerous and could be divided into small, medium and large depending on how much land they controlled.  Within Bihar, the zamindars had both economic and military power. Each zamindari would have its own standing army which was typically composed of the zamindar's own clansmen.

The majority of these zamindars usually belonged to Hindu communities such as  Bhumihars, Rajputs, Brahmins, Kayasthas or Muslims.
Sajid Liaqat
Sajid Liaqat (born 24 August 1985) is a German cricketer, who plays for the national team. He was named in Germany's squad for the 2017 ICC World Cricket League Division Five tournament in South Africa. He played in Germany's opening fixture, against Ghana, on 3 September 2017. He took the most wickets for Germany in the tournament, with a total of seven dismissals in five matches.

In May 2019, he was named in Germany's Twenty20 International (T20I) squad for their three-match series against Belgium. The matches were the first T20Is to be played by the German cricket team. He made his T20I debut for Germany against Belgium on 11 May 2019.

German cricket team in Belgium in 2019
The Germany cricket team toured Belgium in May 2019 to play three Twenty20 International (T20I) matches. These were the first T20I fixtures to be played by either team, after the International Cricket Council announced that all matches played between Associate Members after 1 January 2019 would have the full T20I status. The series took place on 11 and 12 May 2019 at the Royal Brussels Cricket Club in Waterloo, just south of Brussels, with Germany using the fixtures as part of their preparation for the European Regional Qualifying tournament for the 2019 ICC T20 World Cup Qualifier. Germany won the series 3-0.
Norman Todd
Norman Douglas Todd (11 June 1884 – 12 May 1959)  was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for  Derbyshire in 1906 and 1908

Todd was born at Hetton-le-Hole, County Durham. He made his debut for Derbyshire in the 1906 season, in a match in June against Northamptonshire, when he made no runs in either innings. His next game for Derbyshire was in the 1908 season, in August against the touring Gentlemen of Philadelphia. In this he scored 6 in his second innings. Todd was a right-hand batsman and played 4 innings in 2 first-class matches with a total of 6, all in one innings.

Todd died at Brook Hill, Ruddington, Nottinghamshire at the age of 74.

Derbyshire County Cricket Club in 1908
Derbyshire County Cricket Club in 1908 was the cricket season when the English club  Derbyshire had been playing for thirty-seven years. It was their fourteenth season in the County Championship and  they won five matches to finish fourteenth in the Championship table.
2016 Northern Illinois Huskies football team
The 2016 Northern Illinois Huskies football team represented Northern Illinois University as a member of the West Division of the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by fourth-year head coach Rod Carey, the Huskies compiled an overall record of 5–7 with a mark of 5–3 in conference play, placing third in the MAC's West Division. The team played home games at Huskie Stadium in DeKalb, Illinois.

2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season
The 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season was the highest level of college football competition in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The regular season began on August 26, 2016, and ended on December 10, 2016. The postseason concluded on January 9, 2017, with the 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship, where the Clemson Tigers defeated the Alabama Crimson Tide to claim their second national title in school history. The championship game was a rematch of the 2016 edition won by Alabama.
Facial feminization surgery
Facial feminization surgery (FFS) is an umbrella term for surgical procedures that modify male facial features to achieve a feminine appearance. Reconstructive surgery techniques are used for this purpose.

FFS is performed almost exclusively on individuals with gender incongruence. Feminising hormone therapy (using estradiol and antiandrogens) does not reduce prominent male bone structure. A medical indication for FFS may therefore be given if the face is perceived as male by an unbiased observer, which jeopardises social integration into the female role, leads to discrimination and thus perpetuates psychological distress.

The opposite of FFS is Facial masculinization surgery (FMS). Since masculinising hormone therapy (using testosterone) leads to sufficient growth of the facial skull in most cases, thereby enabling social integration into the gender role, FMS is rarely indicated and the procedure has therefore hardly been researched.

Reconstructive surgery
Reconstructive surgery is surgery performed to restore normal appearance and function to body parts malformed by a disease, medical condition, or injury. The field of reconstructive surgery includes a wide range of sub-specialties including plastic surgery, craniofacial surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, hand surgery, reconstructive microsurgery, and surgical treatment of burns and scars.
1993–94 Elitnaya Liga season
The 1993–94 Elitnaya Liga season was the second season of the Elitnaya Liga, the second-level of ice hockey in Russia. 13 teams participated in the league, and CSK VVS Samara won the league championship.

Russian Major League (1992–2010)
The Russian Major League or Vysshaya Liga (Russian: Высшая лига чемпионата России по хоккею с шайбой, Supreme League of the Russian Ice Hockey Championship), also referred as Higher League or Major League and commonly abbreviated as RUS-2, was a second level professional ice hockey league in Russia.
Henri Murger
Louis-Henri Murger (27 March 1822 – 28 January 1861), also known as Henri Murger and Henry Murger, was a French novelist and poet.

He is chiefly distinguished as the author of the 1847-1849 book Scènes de la vie de bohème (Scenes of Bohemian Life), which is based on his own experiences as a desperately poor writer living in a Parisian garret (the top floor of buildings, where artists often lived) and as a member of a loose club of friends who called themselves "the water drinkers" (because they were too poor to afford wine). In his writing he combines instinct with pathos, humour, and sadness. The book is the basis for the 1896 opera La bohème by Puccini, Leoncavallo's opera of the same name, and, at greater removes, Amadeu Vives' zarzuela Bohemios, Kálmán's 1930 operetta Das Veilchen vom Montmartre, and the 1996 Broadway musical Rent. He wrote lyrics as well as novels and stories, the chief being La Chanson de Musette – "a tear", says Gautier, "which has become a pearl of poetry".

Théophile Gautier
Pierre Jules Théophile Gautier (US: /ɡoʊˈtjeɪ/ goh-TYAY; French: [pjɛʁ ʒyl teɔfil ɡotje]; 30 August 1811 – 23 October 1872) was a French poet, dramatist, novelist, journalist, and art and literary critic.

While an ardent defender of Romanticism, Gautier's work is difficult to classify and remains a point of reference for many subsequent literary traditions such as Parnassianism, Symbolism, Decadence and Modernism. He was widely esteemed by writers as disparate as Balzac, Baudelaire, the Goncourt brothers, Flaubert, Pound, Eliot, James, Proust and Wilde.
Gunpowder weapons in the Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty continued to improve on gunpowder weapons from the Yuan and Song dynasties as part of its military. During the early Ming period larger and more cannons were used in warfare. In the early 16th century Turkish and Portuguese breech-loading swivel guns and matchlock firearms were incorporated into the Ming arsenal. In the 17th century Dutch culverin were incorporated as well and became known as hongyipao. At the very end of the Ming dynasty, around 1642, Chinese combined European cannon designs with indigenous casting methods to create composite metal cannons that exemplified the best attributes of both iron and bronze cannons. While firearms never completely displaced the bow and arrow, by the end of the 16th century more firearms than bows were being ordered for production by the government, and no crossbows were mentioned at all.

Military of the Ming dynasty
The military of the Ming dynasty was the military apparatus of China from 1368 to 1644. It was founded in 1368 during the Red Turban Rebellion by Zhu Yuanzhang (Hongwu Emperor). The military was initially organised along largely hereditary lines and soldiers were meant to serve in self-sufficient agricultural communities. They were grouped into guards (wei) and battalions (suo), otherwise known as the wei-suo system. This hereditary guard battalion system went into decline around 1450 and was discarded in favor of mercenaries a century later.
1964 European Nations' Cup final
The 1964 European Nations' Cup final was a football match played at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium in Madrid, Spain, on 21 June 1964, to determine the winners of the 1964 European Nations' Cup. It was the second final of what has since been known as the European Championship, UEFA's quadrennial football competition for national teams. The match was contested between Spain and the Soviet Union, the previous tournament winners.

En route to the final, Spain defeated Romania, Northern Ireland, and the Republic of Ireland over two-legged ties, before beating Hungary in the semi-finals. The Soviet Union received a bye in the qualifying round, before beating Italy, Sweden, and Denmark en route to the final.

The referee for the final, played in front of an attendance of 79,115 spectators, was Arthur Holland from England. Spain won the match 2–1 to earn their first European Championship title.

1960 European Nations' Cup final
The 1960 European Nations' Cup final was a football match played at Parc des Princes in Paris, France, on 10 July 1960, to determine the winners of the 1960 European Nations' Cup. It was the first European Championship final, UEFA's top football competition for national teams. The match was contested by the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia.

En route to the final, the Soviet Union defeated Hungary over a two-legged tie, before receiving a walkover in the quarter-finals after Spain withdrew from the tournament. In the semi-finals, the Soviet Union won 3–0 against Czechoslovakia. Meanwhile, Yugoslavia defeated Bulgaria, Portugal and France, the host nation for the final tournament, en route to the final match.

The referee for the final, played in front of 17,966 spectators in rainy conditions, was Arthur Ellis from England. The Soviet Union would secure a 2–1 victory after extra time, winning the inaugural edition of the tournament.
Octave species
In the musical system of ancient Greece, an octave species (Greek: εἶδος τοῦ διὰ πασῶν, or σχῆμα τοῦ διὰ πασῶν) is a specific sequence of intervals within an octave.  In Elementa harmonica, Aristoxenus classifies the species as three different genera, distinguished from each other by the largest intervals in each sequence: the diatonic, chromatic, and enharmonic genera, whose largest intervals are, respectively, a whole tone, a minor third, and a ditone; quarter tones and semitones complete the tetrachords.

The concept of octave species is very close to tonoi and akin to musical scale and mode, and was invoked in Medieval and Renaissance theory of Gregorian mode and Byzantine Octoechos.

Tetrachord
In music theory, a tetrachord (Greek: τετράχορδoν; Latin: tetrachordum) is a series of four notes separated by three intervals. In traditional music theory, a tetrachord always spanned the interval of a perfect fourth, a 4:3 frequency proportion (approx. 498 cents)—but in modern use it means any four-note segment of a scale or tone row, not necessarily related to a particular tuning system. Three modal patterns are possible:

and the tritone:
2019 Yale Bulldogs football team
The 2019 Yale Bulldogs football team represented Yale University in the 2019 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The season marked the Bulldogs's 147th overall season. The team played its home games at the Yale Bowl in New Haven, Connecticut and were led by eighth-year head coach Tony Reno. They were members of the Ivy League. They finished the season 9–1 overall and 6–1 in Ivy League play to share the Ivy League title with Dartmouth. Yale averaged 12,132 fans per game.

2019 NCAA Division I FCS football season
The 2019 NCAA Division I FCS football season, part of college football in the United States, was organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level.  The FCS Championship Game was played on January 11, 2020, in Frisco, Texas. Defending champion North Dakota State completed the regular season undefeated, then won their eighth championship in nine seasons, defeating James Madison, 28-20, for the title.

All FCS teams were allowed to schedule 12 regular season games in the 2019 season. A standard provision of NCAA bylaws allows for 12 regular season games during years having 14 Saturdays in the period starting with the Labor Day (first Monday in September) weekend and ending with the last Saturday of November. This next occurred in 2024.
Kajagoogoo discography
This article is the discography of British pop band Kajagoogoo and includes all the studio albums, live albums, compilations, and singles, as well as the peak chart positions for the United Kingdom, Austria1, Germany, Netherlands1, New Zealand, Sweden1, Switzerland and United States.

Kajagoogoo
Kajagoogoo (/ˌkædʒəˈɡuːɡuː/ KAJ-ə-GOO-goo) were an English pop band. They are best known for their 1983 hit single "Too Shy", which reached No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart, and the top 10 in numerous other countries.
Eddie Wiseman
Edward Randall Wiseman (December 28, 1911 – May 6, 1977) was a Canadian ice hockey forward. He was born in Newcastle, New Brunswick, but grew up in Regina, Saskatchewan.

Wiseman started his National Hockey League career with the Detroit Red Wings in 1932. He also played for the New York Americans and Boston Bruins. He retired after the 1942 season. He won the Stanley Cup with the Boston Bruins in 1941.

1932–33 NHL season
The 1932–33 NHL season was the 16th season of the National Hockey League (NHL). Nine teams each played 48 games. The Ottawa Senators rejoined the league after missing one season, while the Detroit team was renamed the Detroit Red Wings. The New York Rangers beat the Toronto Maple Leafs three games to one for the Stanley Cup.
2009–10 Sydney FC season
The 2009–2010 season was Sydney FC's fifth consecutive season in the A-League since its inception. It was an historic year for the club taking out the domestic double by winning the premier's plate and the championship during the season.

Alex Brosque
Alex Jason Brosque (/bɹɒsk(e)/ BROSK or bros-KEH; Spanish: [ˈaleɣs ˈβɾoske]; born 12 October 1983) is an Australian former professional soccer player who was the captain of A-League club Sydney FC. He played primarily as a striker but played predominantly as a midfielder in central midfield during his time in Japan.
Middle Turkic languages
Middle Turkic refers to a phase in the development of the Turkic language family, covering much of the Middle Ages (c. 900–1500 CE). In particular the term is used by linguists to refer to a group of Karluk, Oghuz and Kipchak and related languages spoken during this period in Central Asia, Iran, and other parts of the Middle East controlled by the Seljuk Turks. Middle Turkish is also a dialect of  Common Turkic.

Kipchak languages
The Kipchak languages (also known as the Kypchak, Qypchaq, Qypshaq or the Northwestern Turkic languages) are a sub-branch of the Turkic language family spoken by approximately 30 million people in much of Central Asia and Eastern Europe, spanning from Romania to China. Some of the most widely spoken languages in this group are Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Tatar.
John Marshall Clemens
John Marshall Clemens (August 11, 1798 – March 24, 1847) was the father of author Mark Twain and of journalist and politician Orion Clemens, who was the first and only Secretary of the Nevada Territory.

Orion Clemens
Orion Clemens (July 17, 1825 – December 11, 1897) was an American politician who was the first and only Secretary of the Nevada Territory. As a member of the Republican Party, he supported Abraham Lincoln, thinking slavery was morally wrong. His younger brother Samuel Langhorne Clemens became an author under the pen name Mark Twain.

Clemens was born in Gainesboro, Tennessee, the eldest child of the family. He married Mary Stotts and had one child, Jennie. She died in 1864, negatively affecting Clemens and his political career. Soon after, he became a state assemblyman, though he had low pay, so he quit and left Nevada in 1866. Clemens died December 11, 1897 in Keokuk, Iowa.
1982 Texas Longhorns football team
The 1982 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin as a member of the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1982 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by sixth-year head coach Fred Akers, the Longhorns compiled an overall record of 9–3 with a mark of 7–1 in conference play, placing second in the SWC. Texas was invited to Sun Bowl, where the Longhorns lost to North Carolina. The team played home games at Texas Memorial Stadium in Austin, Texas.

1982 NCAA Division I-A football season
The 1982 NCAA Division I-A football season was the last for Paul "Bear" Bryant as head coach at Alabama, retiring with 323 victories in 38 seasons.

The Penn State Nittany Lions won their first consensus national championship, closing out an 11–1 season by defeating Georgia and Heisman Trophy winner Herschel Walker 27–23 in the Sugar Bowl to edge out undefeated SMU for the national championship. It was Joe Paterno's first national championship, after three undefeated non-championship seasons.

UCLA moved from the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum to the Rose Bowl and fulfilled a promise made by coach Terry Donahue by closing out their season there as well, beating Michigan 24–14 in the Rose Bowl on New Year's Day.

It is also the year of "The Play", an improbable finish to the annual rivalry game between Cal and Stanford.

The Aloha Bowl premiered in Honolulu, Hawaii, and was won by Washington.

The California Bowl would have the only documented FCS vs FBS bowl game.
2020 VBA season
The 2020 VBA season was the fifth season of the Vietnam Basketball Association. The season was scheduled to start in May but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The regular season began on 15 October 2020 and ended on 20 November. The playoffs semi-finals began on 24 November 2020 and ended on 28 November 2020. The Finals began on 2 December 2020 and ended on 8 December 2020 with the Saigon Heat defeating the Thang Long Warriors after 4 games.

Vietnam Basketball Association
The Vietnam Basketball Association, abbreviated as VBA, is a Vietnamese national professional basketball league founded in 2016. It runs an annual tournament, the Vietnam Pro Basketball League (Vietnamese: Giải Bóng rổ Chuyên nghiệp Việt Nam).
2021–22 Big Bash League season
The 2021–22 Big Bash League season or BBL|11 was the eleventh season of the Big Bash League, the professional men's Twenty20 domestic cricket competition in Australia. The tournament was played from 5 December 2021 until 28 January 2022. Perth Scorchers defeated the defending champions Sydney Sixers by 79 runs in the final to claim their fourth title.

Ben Dwarshuis
Benjamin James Dwarshuis (born 23 June 1994) is an Australian cricketer who represents Australia in limited overs cricket as a left-arm fast-medium bowler. Dwarshuis plays for the and for New South Wales in domestic cricket, Sydney Sixers in the Big Bash League and Punjab Kings in the Indian Premier League.
Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care
The Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC) is the national health care standards agency for all health services, general practices, pathology and medical imaging providers in Australia. The commission is part of the Health, Disability and Ageing  portfolio of the federal government, which is accountable to the minister for health, currently Mark Butler.

The commission is jointly funded by the Australian Government, and state and territory governments.

Department of Health, Disability and Ageing
The Department of Health, Disability and Ageing is a department of the Australian Government that is responsible for funding and regulating health care, aged care, and certain disability programs. It is also involved in preventative health promotion and public health education initiatives. The department manages schemes such as Medicare and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), and statutory agencies such as the Therapeutic Goods Administration and National Blood Authority.

The department is responsible to parliament through the Minister for Health and Ageing, a cabinet minister, and is supported by two other ministers and two assistant ministers. The department secretary, Blair Comley, is responsible for the day-to-day accountability of the organisation. The Chief Medical Officer is Professor Tony Lawler and the Chief Nursing and Midwifery Officer is Allison McMillan, who both oversee clinical operations.