hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wilder Penfield
Wilder Graves Penfield OM CC CMG FRS (January 26, 1891 – April 5, 1976) was an American-Canadian neurosurgeon. He expanded brain surgery's methods and techniques, including mapping the functions of various regions of the brain such as the cortical homunculus. His scientific contributions on neural stimulation expand across a variety of topics including hallucinations, illusions, dissociation and déjà vu. Penfield devoted much of his thinking to mental processes, including contemplation of whether there was any scientific basis for the existence of the human soul.

Order of Merit
The Order of Merit (French: Ordre du Mérite) is an order of merit for the Commonwealth realms, recognising distinguished service in the armed forces, science, art, literature, or the promotion of culture. Established in 1902 by Edward VII, admission into the order remains the personal gift of its Sovereign—currently Edward VII's great-great-grandson Charles III—and is restricted to a maximum of 24 living recipients from the Commonwealth realms, plus honorary members. While all members are awarded the right to use the post-nominal letters OM and wear the badge of the order, the Order of Merit's precedence among other honours differs between countries.
The Taming of the West (1939 film)
The Taming of the West, which had the working title of Sundown in Helldorado,  is a 1939 American Western film directed by Norman Deming, starring Wild Bill Elliott, and Iris Meredith. This was the first of four "Wild Bill Saunders" films produced by Columbia Pictures, followed by Pioneers of the Frontier.

Pioneers of the Frontier
Pioneers of the Frontier is a 1940 American Western film directed by Sam Nelson and written by Fred Myton. The film stars Wild Bill Elliott, Dorothy Comingore, Dick Curtis, Dub Taylor, Stanley Brown and Richard Fiske. The film was released on February 14, 1940, by Columbia Pictures. It is the second in Columbia Pictures' series of four "Wild Bill Saunders" films, followed by The Man from Tumbleweeds.
2022 Connecticut House of Representatives election
The 2022 Connecticut House of Representatives election was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2022, to elect members to the Connecticut House of Representatives, one from each of the state's 151 General Assembly districts. The date of this the election corresponded with other elections in the state, including the U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and Connecticut State Senate.

Democrats retained control of the House of Representatives, expanding their majority by winning 98 seats to the Republicans' 53, a net gain of 1. Democrats had held a majority in the House of Representatives since 1987. They are 3 seats shy of supermajority.

2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut
The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut were held on November 8, 2022, to elect the five U.S. representatives from the state of Connecticut, one from each of the state's five congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2022 U.S. Senate race in Connecticut and the 2022 Connecticut gubernatorial election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, other elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections.

This election was the closest the Republican Party has gotten to gaining a seat since 2006, where the last Republican representative was elected, as well as the first time since 2006 in which any district was won by a margin lower than 1%. This was due to the very narrow margin in Connecticut's 5th district, with Rep. Jahana Hayes winning only by a margin of 0.79%.
Pyinmana District
Pyinmana District (Burmese: ပျဉ်းမနားခရိုင်) is a district of the Naypyidaw Union Territory and is home to central Naypyidaw, the capital of Myanmar. The modern district was reformed in 2022, splitting off from Dekkhina District and consists of two townships- Zabuthiri Township and Pyinmana Township.

The district was initially a part of Mandalay Division, Myanmar. It was renamed as Naypyidaw District by the 2008 Constitution of Myanmar. In 2011, it was separated from Mandalay Region and organized under as part of the Naypyidaw Union Territory. In 2013, Naypyidaw district was divided into two districts, Dekkhina and Ottara.

Ottara District
Ottara District (Burmese: ဥတ္တရခရိုင်, lit. 'Splendor of the North District') is a district of the Naypyidaw Union Territory in Myanmar.

The District has two townships:

Ottarathiri Township

Tatkon Township

In 2022, the district was split up to form the new Zeyathiri District. Prior to this, the district also included Zeyathiri Township and Pobbathiri Township.
Capital punishment by the United States military
The use of capital punishment by the United States military is a legal punishment in martial criminal justice. As of 2025, capital punishment has not been carried out by the U.S. military since 1961, when Private John A. Bennett was executed for the rape and attempted murder of an 11-year-old girl. However, capital punishment has been utilized consistently by the US military in conflicts throughout American history.

Uniform Code of Military Justice
The Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) is the foundation of the system of military justice of the armed forces of the United States. The UCMJ was established by the United States Congress in accordance with their constitutional authority, per Article I Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution, which provides that "The Congress shall have Power . . . to make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval forces" of the United States.
Popular Guard
The Popular Guard or Popular Guards – PG (Arabic: الحرس الشعبي | Al-Harās al-Sha‘abī) was the military wing of the Lebanese Communist Party (LCP), which fought in the 1975–1977 phase of the Lebanese Civil War and subsequent conflicts. The LCP and its militia were members of the Lebanese National Movement (LNM) and its successor, the Lebanese National Resistance Front (LNRF).

Lebanese National Resistance Front
The Lebanese National Resistance Front (LNRF; Arabic: جبهة المقاومة الوطنية اللبنانية, romanized: Jabhat al-Muqawama al-Wataniyya al-Lubnaniyya), best known by its Arabic acronym, ‘Jammoul’ (جمول), was a leftist alliance led by Walid Jumblatt’s Progressive Socialist Party, active in Lebanon from the 1982-1990 phase of the Civil War. It acted as a successor to the Lebanese National Movement, which ceased to exist after the Israeli invasion of Lebanon.
Quake Lake
Quake Lake (officially Earthquake Lake) is a lake in the 
western United States, on the Madison River in southwestern Montana. It was created after an earthquake struck on August 17, 1959, with 28 fatalities. Northwest of West Yellowstone, Quake Lake is six miles (10 km) in length with a maximum depth of 125 feet (38 m).

U.S. Route 287 follows the lake and offers glimpses of the effects of the earthquake and landslide, and a visitor center is just off the road. The lake is mostly within Gallatin National Forest.

Gallatin National Forest
The Gallatin National Forest (now known as the Custer-Gallatin National Forest) is a United States national forest located in South-West Montana. Most of the Custer-Gallatin goes along the state's southern border. Some of it is in North-West Wyoming.
Los Bastardos
Los Bastardos (lit. 'The Bastards') is a Philippine television drama series broadcast by ABS-CBN. The series is based on the Filipino pocket book novel Cardinal Bastards by Vanessa, the series is the twentieth and final installment of Precious Hearts Romances Presents. Directed by Raymond B. Ocampo, Carlo Po Artilliaga, Mitch Valdes, Digo Ricio, Ludwig Peralta, Roderick P. Lindayag, Catherine O. Camarillo and Ethan Pugiotto, it stars Ronaldo Valdez, Jake Cuenca, Marco Gumabao, Albie Casiño, Joshua Colet, Joseph Marco (seasons 2-3), Diego Loyzaga (season 1), and Gloria Diaz. It aired on the network's Kapamilya Gold line up and worldwide on TFC from October 15, 2018 to September 27, 2019, replacing Precious Hearts Romances Presents: Araw Gabi and was replaced by Sandugo. The series was inspired by Fyodor Dostoevsky's The Brothers Karamazov.

Precious Hearts Romances Presents
Precious Hearts Romances Presents is a 5-day Philippine program broadcast on ABS-CBN. It mainly focuses on adaptations of the best selling paperbacks distributed by company holder Precious Hearts Romances. Its first run was from May 4, 2009 to April 5, 2013, replacing Pieta and was replaced by Dugong Buhay. The series returned on its second run from April 30, 2018 to September 27, 2019, replacing Hanggang Saan and was replaced by Sandugo. The management decided to reboot the series after five years, which will be under the RSB Unit.

This series is streaming online on Jeepney TV on its 3:00 PM and 3:30 PM timeslot replacing Mirabella.
53rd International Film Festival Rotterdam
The 53rd International Film Festival Rotterdam, is the 2024 edition of the International Film Festival Rotterdam, which began on 25 January 2024. The festival opened with Head South a New Zealand film by Jonathan Ogilvie. The complete line-up of films competing in the festival was revealed on 18 December 2023. The festival closed on 4 February 2024 with La Luna  by M. Raihan Halim.

Rei by Tanaka Toshihiko of Japan won the Tiger Award whereas, Kiss Wagon by Midhun Murali from India and Flathead by Jaydon Martin from Australia won the Special Jury Awards. The VPRO Big Screen Award was awarded to The Old Bachelor by Oktay Baraheni from Iran. Green Border by Agnieszka Holland won the Audience Award.

International Film Festival Rotterdam
International Film Festival Rotterdam (IFFR) is an annual film festival held at the end of January in various locations in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, focused on independent and experimental films. The inaugural festival took place in June 1972, led by founder Huub Bals. IFFR also hosts CineMart and BoostNL for film producers to seek funding.
Penmanship
Penmanship is the technique of writing with the hand using a writing instrument.  Today, this is most commonly done with a pen, or pencil, but throughout history has included many different implements.  The various generic and formal historical styles of writing are called "hands" while an individual's style of penmanship is referred to as "handwriting".

Handwriting script
A script or handwriting script is a formal, generic style of handwriting (as opposed to personal handwriting), within a writing system. A hand may be a synonym or a  variation, a subset of script.

There is a variety of historical styles in manuscript documents, Some of them belonging to calligraphy, whereas some were set up for better readability, utility or teaching (teaching script). see History of the Latin script.

Historic styles of handwriting may be studied by palaeography.

Personal variations and idiosyncrasies in writing style departing from the standard hand, which may for example allow the work of a particular scribe copying or writing a manuscript to be identified, are described by the term handwriting (or hand).
Pakhal Tirumal Reddy
Pakala Tirumal Reddy (1915–1996) was an Indian artist. He was the fifth child born to Ram Reddy and Ramanamma at Annaram village, Karimnagar district, Telangana, India. He received his diploma in painting from J. J. School of Art, Bombay in 1939. He married Yashoda Reddy on 9 May 1947, and she completed a master's of art and Ph.D. degrees and authored over 22 compilations and novels.

Sir J. J. School of Art
The Sir Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy School of Art (Sir J. J. School of Art) is the oldest art institution in Mumbai, India, and is affiliated with the University of Mumbai. The school grants bachelor's (B.F.A) degrees in Painting, ceramic, Metal work, Interior decoration, Textile design and Sculpture as well as master's degrees (M.F.A.) in Portraiture, Creative Painting, Murals, Sculpture, and Printmaking.
Roland JV-2080
The Roland JV-2080 is a rack-mount expandable MIDI sound module and an updated version of the Roland JV-1080. Produced by the Roland Corporation, released in early 1997, and built on a sample-based synthesis architecture, the JV-2080 provides a library of on-board sample material and a semi-modular synthesis engine.

Roland Corporation
Roland Corporation (ローランド株式会社, Rōrando Kabushiki Kaisha) is a Japanese multinational manufacturer of electronic musical instruments, electronic equipment, and software. It was founded by Ikutaro Kakehashi in Osaka in 1972. In 2005, its headquarters relocated to Hamamatsu in Shizuoka Prefecture. It has factories in Malaysia, Taiwan, Japan, and the United States. As of December 2022, it employed 2,783 people. In 2014, it was subject to a management buyout by its CEO, Junichi Miki, supported by Taiyo Pacific Partners.

Roland has manufactured numerous instruments that have had lasting impacts on music, such as the Juno-106 synthesizer, TB-303 bass synthesizer, and TR-808 and TR-909 drum machines. It was also instrumental in the development of MIDI, a standardized means of synchronizing electronic instruments manufactured by different companies. In 2016, Fact wrote that Roland had arguably had more influence on electronic music than any other company.
Laxminarayan Ramdas
Admiral Laxminarayan Ramdas, PVSM, AVSM, VrC, VSM, ADC (5 September 1933 – 15 March 2024) was an Indian naval officer who served as the 13th Chief of Naval Staff, from 1990 to 1993. Ramdas joined the Indian Navy in 1953, and served as the flag lieutenant to Admiral Ram Dass Katari, the first Indian Chief of the Naval Staff. During the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971, he was involved in a naval blockade of East Pakistan, hindering attempts to evacuate 93,000 troops and leading to East Pakistan's surrender, for which he was awarded the Vir Chakra.

Vishisht Seva Medal
The Vishisht Seva Medal (VSM, lit. 'Distinguished Service Medal') is a decoration of the Indian Armed Forces. It is awarded to recognize "distinguished service of a high order" to all ranks of the Indian Armed Forces.

From 1980, the Yudh Seva Medal was introduced to recognize exceptional services in an operational environment. Since then the VSM has been restricted to non-operational service.
Kurt Weill Centre
The Kurt Weill Centre is a cultural site in Dessau, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is a museum and information centre about the life and work of the composer Kurt Weill (1900–1950), who was born in Dessau.

Kurt Weill
Kurt Julian Weill (/waɪl/; German: [vaɪl]; March 2, 1900 – April 3, 1950) was a German-born American composer active from the 1920s in his native country, and in his later years in the United States. He was a leading composer for the stage who was best known for his fruitful collaborations with Bertolt Brecht. With Brecht, he wrote his best-known work, The Threepenny Opera, which includes the ballad "Mack the Knife". Weill held the ideal of writing music that served a socially useful purpose, Gebrauchsmusik. He also wrote several works for the concert hall and a number of works on Jewish themes. He fled Nazi Germany in 1933, arriving in the United States two years later. Settling in New York, he made a substantial contribution to American musical theater through works such as Lady in the Dark and Street Scene.
Dinagat, Dinagat Islands
Dinagat, officially the Municipality of Dinagat (Surigaonon: Lungsod nan Dinagat; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Dinagat; Tagalog: Bayan ng Dinagat), is a municipality and the titular town in the province of Dinagat Islands, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 10,621.

Dinagat is 9.1 kilometres (5.7 mi) from the provincial capital San Jose.

San Jose, Dinagat Islands
San Jose, officially the Municipality of San Jose (Surigaonon: Lungsod nan San Jose; Cebuano: Lungsod sa San Jose; Tagalog: Bayan ng San Jose), is a municipality and the provincial capital of the province of Dinagat Islands, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 26,375 people.

San Jose is the seat of the Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association (PBMA).
FC Bulleen Lions
FC Bulleen Lions is an Australian semi-professional football club based in the Melbourne suburb Bulleen. Founded in 1974 by Melbourne's Italian community, the club currently competes in the Victoria Premier League 1, the second highest level of Victorian state soccer. Since its inception, the club has been based at David Barro stadium in the Veneto Club when it was both a stand-alone and a merged club.

Bulleen has competed at the highest level in two separate stints in 1988–1996 and 2016–2018, where the club were premiers and champions in 1993. From 1997 to 2007, the club competed as Bulleen Inter Kings (subsequently Bulleen Zebras) after merges with Box Hill, Brunswick Zebras, Clayton Inter, and Essendon Royals. In this time, another two more premierships were achieved in 1998 and 2004.

Essendon Royals SC
Essendon Royals Soccer Club is an Australian semi-professional soccer club based in the North-Western Melbourne local government area of Moonee Valley. The club's senior men's squad currently participates in the Victoria Premier League 2, following promotion from Victorian State League 1 in 2022. The senior women's squad compete in Victoria Women's State League Division 1 North-West.
Pyrrhotite
Pyrrhotite (pyrrhos in Greek meaning "flame-coloured") is an iron sulfide mineral with the formula Fe(1−x)S (x = 0 to 0.125).  It is an iron-deficient nonstoichiometric variant of FeS, the mineral known as troilite.
Pyrrhotite is also called magnetic pyrite, because the color is similar to pyrite and it is weakly magnetic. The magnetism decreases as the iron content increases, and troilite is non-magnetic. Pyrrhotite is generally tabular and brassy/bronze in color with a metallic luster. The mineral occurs with mafic igneous rocks like norites, and may form from pyrite during metamorphic processes. Pyrrhotite is associated and mined with other sulfide minerals like pentlandite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and magnetite, and has been found globally.

Chalcopyrite
Chalcopyrite (/ˌkælkəˈpaɪˌraɪt, -koʊ-/ KAL-kə-PY-ryte, -⁠koh-) is a copper iron sulfide mineral and the most abundant copper ore mineral. It has the chemical formula CuFeS2 and crystallizes in the tetragonal system. It has a brassy to golden yellow color and a hardness of 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale. Its streak is diagnostic as green-tinged black.

On exposure to air, chalcopyrite tarnishes to a variety of oxides, hydroxides, and sulfates. Associated copper minerals include the sulfides bornite (Cu5FeS4), chalcocite (Cu2S), covellite (CuS), digenite (Cu9S5); carbonates such as malachite and azurite, and rarely oxides such as cuprite (Cu2O). It is rarely found in association with native copper. Chalcopyrite is a conductor of electricity.

Copper can be extracted from chalcopyrite ore using various methods. The two predominant methods are pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, the former being the most commercially viable.
Minnesota State Highway 280
Minnesota State Highway 280 (MN 280) is a 3.710-mile-long (5.971 km) highway in the Twin Cities region of Minnesota that travels from its Interchange with Interstate 94/U.S.Route 12/US Route 52 (I-94/US 12/US 52) in Saint Paul to its interchange with I-35W in Roseville.

MN 280 is an important connector route because the junction of I-94/US 12/US 52 and I-35W in nearby downtown Minneapolis is not a complete interchange.

U.S. Route 52 in Minnesota
U.S. Highway 52 (US 52) enters the state of Minnesota at the unincorporated community of Prosper, north of the town of Burr Oak, Iowa. The route is marked north–south in Minnesota along its independent segment from the Iowa state line to downtown St. Paul. US 52 is not signed along the length of its concurrency with Interstate 94 (I-94) from downtown St. Paul to the North Dakota state line at Moorhead and Fargo.
Monument of the Millennium
The Monument of the Millennium is an archaeological site and reconstruction in Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg.  The site was designated in 1963, on the millennial anniversary of the foundation of Luxembourg City by Siegfried.  The original plan, hatched by the communal and national governments, was to establish a lasting monument on the Bock, the promontory on which Siegfried's original Luxembourg Castle was built.  However, during construction, the foundations of the stronghold were uncovered, prompting the government to abandon its original plans, and restore the remains.

Bock (Luxembourg)
The Bock (Luxembourgish: Bockfiels) is a promontory in the north-eastern corner of Luxembourg City's old historical district. It was here that Count Siegfried built his Castle of Lucilinburhuc in 963, providing a basis for the development of the town that became Luxembourg. Over the centuries, the Bock and the surrounding defenses were reinforced, attacked, and rebuilt time and time again. as the armies of the Burgundians, Habsburgs, Spaniards, Prussians, and French vied for victory over one of Europe's most strategic strongholds, the Fortress of Luxembourg. Warring did not stop until the Treaty of London was signed in 1867, calling for the demolition of the fortifications. Ruins of the old castle and the vast underground system of passages and galleries known as the casemates continue to be a major tourist attraction.
USS Harold J. Ellison (DD-864)
USS Harold J. Ellison (DD-864) was a Gearing-class destroyer in service with the United States Navy from 1945 to 1983. She was then transferred to Pakistan and renamed Shah Jahan (D-164). The ship was finally sunk as a target in 1994.

Gearing-class destroyer
The Gearing class was a series of 98 destroyers built for the U.S. Navy during and shortly after World War II. The Gearing design was a minor modification of the Allen M. Sumner class, whereby the hull was lengthened by 14 ft (4.3 m) at amidships, which resulted in more fuel storage space and increased the operating range.

The first Gearings were not ready for service until mid-1945 and saw little service in World War II. They continued serving, with a series of upgrades, until the 1970s. At that time many were sold to other nations, where they served many more years.
Ben Ramsey (politician)
Benjamin Turner Ramsey (December 28, 1903 – March 27, 1985) was an American politician who served as the 34th lieutenant governor of Texas from 1951 to 1961 and as the 59th secretary of state of Texas from 1949 to 1950. A member of the Democratic Party, Ramsey also served in both houses of the Texas Legislature and in the Railroad Commission of Texas.

Secretary of State of Texas
The secretary of state of Texas is one of the six members of the executive department of the State of Texas in the United States. Under the Constitution of Texas, the appointment is made by the governor of Texas, with confirmation by the Texas Senate.

The officeholder is the chief elections officer, the protocol officer for state and international matters, as well as the liaison for the governor on Mexican and border matters.

The secretary of state offices are in the James Earl Rudder State Office Building at 1019 Brazos Street in Austin; the main building handles business and public filings, statutory documents, administrative code open meetings and the UCC. The secretary of state elections office is on the second floor of the James Earl Rudder Building. The executive offices are in Room 1E.8 in the Texas State Capitol.